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Richard of Bordeaux Richard of Bordeaux (1932) is a play by "Gordon Daviot", a pseudonym for Elizabeth MacKintosh, best known by another of her pen names, Josephine Tey. The play tells the story of Richard II of England in a romantic fashion, emphasizing the relationship between Richard and his first wife, Queen Anne of Bohemia. The play was a major hit in 1933, playing a significant role in turning its director and leading man John Gielgud into a major star. Audiences found its portrayal of medieval characters speaking like modern people refreshing. Characters (In order of their appearance) Fair Page, Maudelyn Dark Page Richard, King of England Anne, The Queen Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster Sir Simon Burley Edmund of Langley, Duke of York Michael de la Pole, Chancellor of England Richard, Earl of Arundel Thomas Arundel, Archbishop of Canterbury Robert de Vere, Earl of Oxford Mary, Countess of Derby Agnes Launcekron, the Queen's waiting-woman Henry, Earl of Derby Thomas Mowbray, Earl of Nottingham Maudelyn, the King's secretary Sir John Montague Edward, Earl of Rutland A Waiting-woman Doctor A man in the street Second man Third man Woman with loaves Woman with vegetables First page Second page Lord Derby's page Development Daviot wrote the play after seeing John Gielgud play Shakespeare's Richard II at the Old Vic Theatre, and submitted it to him for production. Gielgud had reservations about the play but agreed to test it out for two matinée performances at the Arts Theatre. Gielgud finally recognised the play's potential and directed it with himself as Richard at the New Theatre in February 1933. Prior to that production, Gielgud was regarded as a highly respected classical actor based on his performances at the Old Vic, but the overwhelming success of Richard of Bordeaux catapulted him into the status of superstar. The play ran for over a year in the West End (a substantial run for its time). At the time the play was compared to George Bernard Shaw's Saint Joan, which was also noted for the refreshingly modern and lighthearted language with which the medieval characters were portrayed speaking. The play depicts Richard in the light of the pacifism that was prevalent at the time, after the carnage of World War I. Richard is portrayed as a gentle, refined individual in a brutal militaristic culture, whose "struggle for peace is fine and ennobling". The depiction of Richard intentionally diverged radically from Shakespeare's portrayal of him as a self-dramatising narcissist preoccupied with his divine right to rule. Many audience members came to see the play several times, and the production was notable for the fact that souvenir dolls were created and marketed depicting the actors in character. Productions It went on to play in the British provinces many times, first on the original tour with Gielgud, then with other actors, on tour and in repertory revivals. Robert Morley variously played York and Gloucester in it. Michael Redgrave played Richard at Liverpool Playhouse, and John Clements at the Intimate Theatre in Palmer's Green. The play crossed the Atlantic to Broadway in 1934 with Dennis King as Richard, but without Gielgud in the role, the play ran for only 38 performances. The play was performed on television in 1938 with Andrew Osborn as Richard and the original Queen Anne, Gwen Ffrangcon-Davies. After the War, Osborn again played the part on the small screen, now with Joyce Heron as the Queen. Peter Cushing starred in 1955 in another BBC television version, which survives and has been shown at the National Film Theatre. For BBC radio, Griffith Jones played the young King in 1946. Probably because its brand of 1930s pacifism became discredited as appeasement, the play is rarely revived. However, Laurence Payne played the King at the old theatre at Guildford after the War, when Kenneth Williams was John Maudelyn. Gielgud himself reprised his stage role at the microphone in 1941 and 1952. Some of the latter broadcast can be heard on a commercially released recording of Gielgud's audio work. Martin Jarvis was well-received as Richard in a 1974 radio production. Gielgud wrote a letter of congratulation to Jarvis on his performance. Projected film Gielgud tried to make one of his then rare film appearances in the role in the 1930s and teamed with Alexander Korda to produce it, but the project fell through. He wrote to Douglas Fairbanks Jr., hoping to interest him in the project, and suggested Lillian Gish for the role of Richard's wife Anne. He later tried to persuade Dirk Bogarde to play the part on film in the 1960s, but to no avail. In other literature In Josephine Tey's novel The Daughter of Time, which is about the reputation of King Richard III, the narrator says of the detective hero Alan Grant that though he was no expert on medieval history, "he had in his youth seen Richard of Bordeaux; four times he had seen it". Nicola Upson's detective novel An Expert in Murder, the title of which is a quotation from the play, was published in 2008. It weaves a whodunnit plot around the original West End production of Richard of Bordeaux. The story involves Josephine Tey and Upson's detective, D.I. Archie Penrose, investigating the murder of one of Tey's young fans. Gielgud is portrayed under the name "John Terry". The novel was serialised on BBC radio in the same year it was published, starring Meg Fraser as Josephine Tey. References External links Text of the play Category:1932 plays Category:British plays Category:Plays about English royalty Category:Plays set in the 14th century Category:Scottish plays	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Sanborn Seminary Sanborn Seminary is a historic educational facility in Kingston, New Hampshire. Its main building was built in 1883 by Major Edward S. Sanborn (died 1885) to serve as a secular secondary boarding school. The school ran continuously until 1966 when it was sold to the Town of Kingston. The campus became known as Sanborn Regional High School and served students from the towns of Kingston, Newton, and Fremont. The last class at this campus graduated in June 2006. Description and history The former Sanborn Seminary is located north of the village center of Kingston, on the east side of Church Street north of Depot Road. It is a large 2-1/2 story masonry structure, built out of brick with limestone trim. It is covered by an elaborate multicolored slate mansard roof. The main facade is five bays wide, with the center bay projecting and rising to a three-story mansard roofed tower with iron cresting. The facade bays are otherwise articulated by brick pilasters, and have pairs of narrow windows, each with stone keystones, shoulders, and sills. The Seminary building was designed in the Victorian Gothic style popular at the time of its construction, and was completed in 1883. The architect is unknown. In preparation for the building's 100th anniversary in 1983, an exterior restoration project was completed, and the building was placed on the National Register of Historic Places. The Seminary is the centerpiece of a campus complex that originally included five additional wood frame structures and a beach recreation area on nearby Greenwood Pond. The bell tower was removed from the building's roof and located on the East Lawn until 2006, when it was relocated to the new Sanborn Regional High School atrium. Current use A new building for Sanborn Regional High School opened on August 28, 2006. The Seminary building is currently empty. Various proposals have been made for its use, with town residents expressing a strong emotional tie to the facility. The other school facilities on the property are used for storage (the 'Science Building', to house the district's technology and business department (the old garage building), and the Swasey Gym, which is still used as the football locker room and for town and school basketball games. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Rockingham County, New Hampshire References Sources Nomination Form, National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service, United States Department of the Interior, 1984. "Old school hosts final graduation", June 23, 2006, The Rockingham News, accessed on August 31, 2006. "Sanborn's dual life; The secrets which were revealed after his death", The New York Times, September 22, 1885, page 2. "Was Sanborn Sane? Dartmouth College contesting one of his wills", The New York Times, February 19, 1886, page 2. "Edward S. Sanborn's life; Efforts to break the will of an eccentric man. The dual life of the testator used as a means to prove insanity --testimony regarding his habits", The New York Times, January 2, 1886. Category:Victorian era Category:Properties of religious function on the National Register of Historic Places in New Hampshire Category:Education in Rockingham County, New Hampshire Category:Buildings and structures in Rockingham County, New Hampshire Category:National Register of Historic Places in Rockingham County, New Hampshire Category:Kingston, New Hampshire	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Timeline of Geelong history This is a timeline of major events in the history of the city of Geelong, Australia. 19th century 1802 - Lady Nelson enters Corio Bay 1803 - Escaped convict William Buckley living in area. 1835 - John Batman establishes base camp at Indented Head 1838 - Geelong township surveyed, Geelong population is 545. 1839 - First sale of Geelong town allotments 1839 - First postal mail between Geelong and Melbourne 1840 - First issue of the Geelong Advertiser newspaper is published 1845 - Geelong Keys discovered at Corio Bay 1849 - The Geelong town council is incorporated. 1850 - Geelong is the fifth largest town in Victoria. 1851 - Gold is found in the Mount Bunninyong district 1851 - Geelong population is 8,000 1853 - Geelong population is 22,000 1857 - Victoria's first country railway from Geelong to Melbourne is built 1859 - Thomas Austin releases 24 rabbits into the wild on his property 'Barwon Park' at Winchelsea just outside Geelong on Christmas Day, introducing the rabbit to Australia. 1862 - Geelong to Ballarat railway opens 1888 - First telephone exchange in Geelong opens 1890- Geelong Cementworks Opens 20th century 1910 - Geelong officially becomes a city 1912 - Electric trams begin operation in Geelong 1912 - First automatic telephone exchange in the Southern Hemisphere opens in Geelong 1925 - Geelong Football Club wins premiership 1925 - Ford Motor Company plant opens at Norlane 1925 - Retail chain Target opens first store in Geelong 1926- Geelong suburb Highton gets struck by tornado 1930 - 3GL radio station opens 1931 - Geelong Football Club wins premiership 1937 - Geelong Football Club wins premiership 1951 - Geelong Football Club wins premiership 1952 - Geelong Football Club wins premiership 1954 - Shell refinery opens at Corio 1956 - Electric trams cease operation in Geelong 1963 - Geelong Football Club wins premiership 1963 - Alcoa aluminum smelter opens at Point Henry 1983 - Ash Wednesday fires cause major damage at nearby coastal areas 1987 - National Wool Museum opens 1990 - First commercial FM Radio station K-Rock begins FM broadcasting 1990 - Pyramid Building Society collapse 1991 - HM Prison Geelong officially closes 21st century 2001 - Geelong population is 184,332 2002 - 23 May, Skilled Stadium hosts a visit from the Dalai Lama 2003 - Former mayor Frank De Stefano is sentenced to 10 years imprisonment on fraud charges involving A$8.3 million 2006 - Geelong population is 210,000 becoming the 12th largest city in Australia 2007 - Geelong Football Club wins premiership by record margin of 119 points 2009 - Geelong Football Club wins premiership 2010- Geelong Ring Road construction Complete 2011- Geelong Football Club wins premiership 2015- Worksafe Victoria Headquarters Construction started 2016- Geelong population is 253,269 2018- Worksafe Victoria Headquarters Construction complete 2019- The Mercer and Miramar Geelong construction started Timeline of tallest buildings in Geelong: 1. The Miramar - 71 m (2019) 2. The Mercer - 64 m (2019) 3. Worksafe Headquarters Geelong - 60 m (2018) 4. NDIA Headquarters Geelong - 50 m (2018) 5. Mercure Hotel - 40 m (2008) 6. TAC Headquarters Geelong - 40 m Geelong 7. Shell Refinery - 40 m (1946) 8. Fyansford Cementworks - 30 m (1954) See also History of Victoria References Category:Geelong Geelong Geelong	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
1934 Wake Forest Demon Deacons football team The 1934 Wake Forest Demon Deacons football team was an American football team that represented Wake Forest University during the 1934 college football season. In its second season under head coach Jim Weaver, the team compiled a 3–7 record. Schedule References Category:Wake Forest Demon Deacons football seasons Wake Forest Wake Forest football	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Prince Mikhail Cantacuzène Prince Mikhail Mikhailovich Cantacuzène, Count Speransky (; 29 April 1875 – 25 March 1955) was a Russian general. The title of Count Speransky has been alternatively spelled "Spiransky" and "Speranski". Biography Family Background Prince Michael (or Mikhail) was Prince Mikhail Mikhailovich Cantacuzène, eldest son of Prince Mikhail Rodionovich Cantacuzène and Elisabeth Sicard (French merchants in Odessa), was born on 29 April 1875 in Poltava, Ukraine, then part of Imperial Russia. He was born at his family's estate which was known as Bouromka, in Poltava, the eldest of four children. He had two younger brothers and a younger sister. Prince Mikhail was the second great-grandson of Count Mikhail Speransky, the Russian statesman under Alexander I of Russia; the Prince's father had inherited the Speransky title, unusually and on basis of special remainder, from his own maternal grandmother, who was a daughter of the first Count Speransky. The title of count was confirmed in 1872. The Russian princely titles of the Cantacuzène were inherited via the Romanian line of Cantacuzène, with the service of Michael's great-grandfather Radu, Rodion Matveevich, Cantacuzène, who came from Romania to serve under Catherine the Great. The princely titles were confirmed at that time (c. 1772) under the Russian tradition of military service granting transfer of foreign titles. In a matter of fact, they were not strictly princely in Romania, but were male line descendants from the Kantakouzenos emperors of Constantinople. His mother's family were French Huguenots who also emigrated to the Russia of Catherine the Great; her family's wealth included the estate of Bouromka, several apartments in St. Petersburg, a villa in the Crimea, and an apartment in Paris. Early life and education Prince Mikhail Cantacuzène had three siblings: Prince Boris (1876–1905), Princess Daria (1878–1944), and Prince Serge (1884-1953). Mikhail attended Page Corps in St. Petersburg, and later became a graduate of the Imperial Alexandrine Lycée. His military career formed the basis of his life before and after his diplomatic service, as he served in both the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905, and on the Polish front during the First World War. Marriage and Family Prince Mikhail Mikhailovich Cantacuzène had a distant cousin, Prince Grigorii L'vovich Kantakuzen (1843–1902), who was also a diplomat, serving as Russian representative to the U.S. from 1892 to 1895. But in 1893, Prince Mikhail was attached to the Russian embassy in Rome. In that context, he met Julia Dent Grant, first born grandchild of US President Ulysses Simpson Grant, who was traveling in Europe with her maternal aunt, Bertha Palmer (née Honoré.) Aunt and niece travelled throughout Europe to promote interest in the World's Columbian Exposition as well as to collect art. The couple married in the home of her aunt Bertha Palmer in Newport, Rhode Island, on 22 September 1899. Miss Grant assumed her husband's titles and was styled Julia Dent Cantacuzène Spiransky-Grant. Prince and Princess Cantacuzène resided in St. Petersburg (later Petrograd) or at their estate in Ukraine during their early married years, with the Princess giving birth to their three children, Mikhail Mikhailovich, Barbara or "Bertha" Mikhailovna, and Zinaida Mikhailovna. Princess Cantacuzène remained in St. Petersburg during World War I in which Prince Cantacuzène served as aide-de-camp and later Major-General, and finally General, in the service of Tsar Nicholas II. He served with distinction and was wounded in battle in 1914; as commander of the South Russia Cossacks, in 1915 he led 15,000 men in what has been called the last great cavalry charge against a fortified position in military history. The family left Russia in the aftermath of the Russian Revolution; in 1917, they escaped from Petrograd with her jewels sewn into her clothing and fled, via Finland, to the United States. The couple moved to Washington, D.C. and attempted to attract support for a counter-revolution in Russia, but after news of the assassination of the Tsar and of his brother, Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia, ended their activism. The couple relocated to Sarasota, Florida, joining the firm founded by her aunt Bertha Palmer. Prince Mikhail and Princess Julia Dent Grant Cantacuzène divorced on 27 October 1934, after which Mrs. Julia Grant Cantacuzène, having re-established her U.S. citizenship and reverting to non-aristocratic title and style, moved back to her native Washington, D.C. Prince Cantacuzène remained in Sarasota, Florida. His former wife's cousins (sons of Bertha Palmer), Honore and Potter Jr., had remained in Sarasota after their mother's death. They expanded their agricultural and business enterprises, and brought (former Prince) Michael Cantacuzene into the Palmer corporate structure. He managed the Hyde Park citrus groves, helped organize the Palmer Bank when it opened in 1929, and became Vice President of the bank. He later married Jeannette Draper of Sarasota, who survived him. After his death in 1955, local obituaries noted his extensive participation in community activities: American Legion, Elks, Kiwanis Club, County Fair Association, and Sarasota Chamber of Commerce. Prince (Major General) Mikhail Cantacuzène - Speransky is buried at the Manasota Memorial Park in Sarasota - Bradenton (Manatee County). Children HH Prince Mikhail Mikhailovich Cantacuzène, Count Speransky (b. 21 July 1900, St. Petersburg); married three times: firstly, to Clarissa Curtis, daughter of Thomas Pelham Curtis and Frances Kellogg Small; secondly, Florence Bushnell Carr; thirdly, Florence Clarke Hall. He had one son and a daughter from his first marriage. HH Princess Barbara Mikhailovna Cantacuzène, Countess Speransky (b. 27 March 1904, St. Petersburg); married, firstly, Bruce Smith; one son: Bruce Michael Smith (17 February 1932 – 15 May 1982, Glen View, KY), survived by four children. She married, secondly, William Durrell Siebern. HH Princess Zinaida Mikhailovna Cantacuzène, Countess Speransky (b. 17 September 1908, St. Petersburg); married Sir John Coldbrook Hanbury-Williams, son of Major-General Sir John Hanbury-Williams and Annie Emily Reiss. They had one son and two daughters. Titles, styles, and Family History 29 April 1875 – 25 March 1955: His Highness Prince Mikhail Mikhailovich Cantacuzène, Count Speransky Cantacuzène was titled and styled HH Prince Mikhail Mikhailovich Cantacuzène. He was a member of the Cantacuzino family, a Russian branch of which is an offshoot of the Moldavian branch. The titles of Prince of Imperial Russia and of Count Speransky (Spiranky, Sperensky) were confirmed to Mikhail's grandfather Prince Rodion Nikolaevich Cantacuzène. in 1865 by Alexander II; the title had formerly been held by Mikhail Speransky (1772–1839), Russian statesman and one-time adviser to Tsar Alexander I. The father of Prince Rodion Nikolaiovich Cantacuzène, Prince Nikolai Rodionovich Cantacuzène, became a Russian subject at an unknown date; in turn, his father, Prince Rodion Nikolaiovitch Cantacuzène, had emigrated from Moldava to Russia (Ukraine) and had died in Russia but not as a Russian citizen. References Croft, Lee B., Ashleigh Albrecht, Emily Cluff, and Erica Resmer. Entry (pp. 126–121) on Russian Ambassador to the U.S. from 1892 to 1895, Prince Grigorii L'vovich Kantakuzen (1843–1902)in AMBASSADORS: U.S.-to-Russia/Russia-to-U.S. Capstone Publications. 2010. . Treatment of genealogy of Cantacuzen/Kantakuzen princely line from Russian sources and from Julia Dent Grant's personal writings. Category:1875 births Category:1955 deaths Category:Russian nobility Category:People from Odessa Category:White Russian emigrants to the United States Category:People from Saint Petersburg Category:People from Sarasota, Florida Mikhail Category:Imperial Russian emigrants to the United States	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Hannah Cross Hannah Cross may refer to: Hannah Cross (barrister) (1908–2008), English barrister Hannah Cross (synchronized swimmer) (born 1997), Australian synchronized swimmer	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Pressure carburetor A pressure carburetor is a type of fuel metering system manufactured by the Bendix Corporation for piston aircraft engines, starting in the 1940s. It is recognized as an early type of throttle-body fuel injection and was developed to prevent fuel starvation during inverted flight. Concept Most aircraft of the 1920s and 1930s had a float-type carburetor. They are adequate for civil aircraft which normally fly upright, but present a problem for aircraft which fly upside-down or are subject to a negative g-force, especially military fighters and aerobatic aircraft. A float carburetor uses the venturi effect to supply fuel into the engine intake, this depends upon a constant level of fuel in the float bowl to maintain the desired fuel/air mixture. The float operates a valve which keeps the fuel level in the carburetor consistent despite varying demands by means of a linked float valve. As the fuel level increases, the valve closes slowing or stopping the flow into the bowl. However, since the float depends on gravity to function, it is ineffective when the aircraft is inverted. During inversion, fuel is delivered to the float bowl as fast as the fuel pump is capable resulting in an extremely rich mixture stopping the engine almost instantly. The problem was keenly felt by the RAF during the first years of the war, because the Rolls-Royce Merlin engines fitted to Hurricanes and Spitfires suffered from the problem, unlike the direct fuel injection engines of their German counterparts. It was largely solved by installing a flow-restricting washer that allowed just enough fuel into the carburetor for the engine to develop maximum power (the R.A.E. restrictor was known as "Miss Shilling's orifice"). However, it was only a stopgap solution. The pressure carburetor solved the problem. It operates on pressure alone, meaning that gravity no longer has any effect. For that reason, the pressure carburetor operates reliably when the plane is in any flight attitude. The fact that a pressure carburetor operates on the principle of fuel under positive pressure makes it a form of fuel injection. Construction Like a float carburetor, a pressure carburetor has a barrel with a venturi inside it through which air flows on its way to the engine cylinders. However, it does not have a float to control the flow of fuel into the carburetor. Instead, it has four chambers in a row separated by flexible diaphragms. The diaphragms are attached concentrically to a shaft which operates a wedge-shaped servo valve. This valve controls the rate at which fuel can enter the pressure carburetor. Inside the barrel, downstream of the throttle sits the discharge valve, which is a spring-loaded valve operated by fuel pressure that controls the rate that fuel is discharged into the barrel. Some pressure carburetors had many auxiliary systems. The designs grew in complexity with the bigger models used on bigger engines. Many have an accelerator pump, an automatic mixture control, and models on turbocharged engines feature a temperature compensator. The result is that pressure carbureted engines are fairly simple to operate compared to float carbureted engines. Operation The four chambers in the pressure carburetor are all in a row and are referred to by letters. Chamber A contains impact air pressure at the carburetor inlet. Chamber B contains the lower air pressure from the throat of the venturi. The difference in pressure between the two air chambers creates what is known as the air metering force, which acts to open the servo valve. Chamber C contains metered fuel, and chamber D contains unmetered fuel. The difference in pressure between the two fuel chambers creates the fuel metering force, which acts to close the servo valve. Since the fuel pressures are naturally higher than air pressure, chamber A contains a spring which makes up the difference in force to create a balance. When the engine starts and air begins to flow through the venturi, the pressure in the venturi drops according to Bernoulli's principle. This causes the pressure in chamber B to drop. At the same time, air entering the carburetor compresses the air in the impact tubes, generating a positive pressure based on the density and speed of the air as it enters. The difference in pressure between chamber A and chamber B creates the air metering force which opens the servo valve and allows fuel in. Chamber C and chamber D are connected by a fuel passage which contains the fuel metering jets. As fuel begins to flow, the pressure drop across the metering jet creates the fuel metering force which acts to close the servo valve until a balance is reached with the air pressure and the spring. From chamber C the fuel flows to the discharge valve. The discharge valve acts as a variable restriction which holds the pressure in chamber C constant despite varying fuel flow rates. The fuel mixture is automatically altitude-controlled by bleeding higher pressure air from chamber A to the chamber B as it flows through a tapered needle valve. The needle valve is controlled by an aneroid bellows, causing a leaning of the mixture as altitude increases. The fuel mixture is manually controlled by a fuel mixture control lever in the cockpit. The cockpit lever has either three or four detent positions that causes a cloverleaf shaped plate to rotate in the mixture control chamber. The plate covers or uncovers the fuel metering jets as the mixture control lever is moved as follows: Idle-cutoff position, where all fuel flow is cutoff to the metered side of the fuel chamber, thereby closing the servo valve, stopping the engine. Auto-Lean position, where fuel flows through the enrichment and lean fuel metering jets. This is sometimes called the cruise position, as this is the most-used position while in-flight. Auto-rich position, where the fuel flows through the rich, enrichment and lean fuel metering jets. This position is used for take off and landing. War Emergency position (military carburetors only), where fuel flows through the lean and rich fuel metering jets only, but only when there is pressure in the Anti-detonation injection (ADI) system. The ADI (anti-detonant injection) system, an adjunct to the pressure carburetor found on large military piston engines, consists of a supply tank for the ADI liquid (a mixture of 50% methanol, 49% water and 1% oil), a pressure pump, a pressure regulator, a spray nozzle, and a control diaphragm that moves the carburetor enrichment valve closed when pressure is present. The ADI system adds cooling water to the fuel-air mixture to prevent pre-ignition (detonation) in the engine cylinders when the mixture is leaned to a more powerful––yet engine damaging––mixture that adds considerable power to the engine. The supply of ADI liquid is limited so that the system runs out of liquid before the engine is damaged by the very high cylinder head temperatures caused by the very lean mixture. Applications Pressure carburetors were used on many piston engines of 1940s vintage used in World War II aircraft. They went from being a new design early in the war to being standard equipment on nearly every allied aircraft engine by the war's end. The largest pressure carburetors were the Bendix PR-100 series which were used on the Pratt & Whitney R-4360, the largest piston aircraft engine to see production. After the war, Bendix made the smaller PS series which was found on Lycoming and Continental engines on general aviation aircraft. These small pressure carburetors eventually evolved into the Bendix RSA series multi-point continuous-flow fuel injection system which is still sold on new aircraft. The RSA injection system sprays fuel into the ports just outside the intake valves in each cylinder, thus eliminating the chilling effect of evaporating fuel as a source of carburetor ice—since the temperature in the intake ports is too high for ice to form. See also Updraft carburetor Bendix-Stromberg pressure carburetor References Category:Engine fuel system technology Category:Aircraft fuel system components Category:Carburettors	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Salt Creek Township, Chariton County, Missouri Salt Creek Township is a township in Chariton County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. Salt Creek Township was established in 1840. References Category:Townships in Missouri Category:Townships in Chariton County, Missouri	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
1312 in Norway Events in the year 1312 in Norway. Incumbents Monarch: Haakon V Magnusson Events Ingeborg of Norway and Eric Magnusson were married in a double wedding in Oslo; at the same time, her cousin Ingeborg Eriksdottir of Norway, married Eric's brother duke Valdemar Magnusson. Arts and literature Births Deaths 1 May – Euphemia of Rügen, Queen consort (born c.1280). References Norway	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
La Sanie des siècles – Panégyrique de la dégénérescence La Sanie des siècles – Panégyrique de la dégénérescence (which roughly translates as "The Sanies of the Centuries – Ode to Degeneration", "sanies" being "a thin greenish foul-smelling discharge from a wound, ulcer, etc., containing pus and blood" according to the Collins English Dictionary) is the debut album by French black metal band Peste Noire. Background The majority of the album is based on tracks which were previously featured on Peste Noire demos (all written and recorded by La sale Famine de Valfunde on his own equipment). For La Sanie des siècles – Panégyrique de la dégénérescence these demo tracks were rerecorded in Rosenkrantz studio with a full line-up (Indria as bassist and Winterhalter as drummer) Famine had recruited. This album still features the same raw sound of Peste Noire's demos, but was substantially cleaned up in terms of listenability. The music still falls into the category of black metal, but manages to go above and beyond this label through sprawling tracks that maintain their momentum over the course of 5 to 11 minutes. Famine also used a lot of samples in his music – taken from a variety of sources – in order to construct the twisted, mysterious atmosphere that the final product holds. Also still in place are Famine's guitar work. Neige, who was PN's session drummer on the demos, was no longer a member of Peste Noire when La Sanie des siècles was recorded, however he was featured on "Nous sommes fanés" and "Des médecins malades et des saints séquestrés" as a session drummer (only), because basically these two songs are old demo tracks which were not rerecorded in the studio session for La Sanie des siècles. They are bonus tracks, present in their demo version on the album. Famine put things straight when he stated: "The most absurd idea spread by idiots is that La Sanie des siècles is better because Neige was more involved in its recording and production, yet the fact is that the album was recorded without Neige, in 2005, when I had kicked him out of the band. Neige never had any influence on my music in the slightest way possible; I write everything and I tell people what they must do over MY riffs. This was exactly what happened with Neige, ask him! [...] To claim that Neige is an important figure in PN is the same as saying that the person who plays the triangle in SOPOR AETERNUS AND THE ENSEMBLE OF SHADOWS is the main man in SOPOR." PN plays a guitar-based style of black metal, which incorporates highly varied songwriting. The riffing and leads have a melodic tinge to them and there is an underlying dark, melancholic feel throughout the album. Due to its incorporation of organ, folk-based guitars, unusual riffs, guitar solos and the use of multiple different types of black metal vocals, La Sanie des siècles – Panégyrique de la dégénérescence received much critical acclaim from both fans and press alike. Their concept of "turning mud into gold" is showcased in Famine's interview featured in the album's booklet and is materialized by the musicianship of Famine (guitars), Winterhalter (drums), and Indria (bass). In this French-language interview, Famine says Black Metal is all about turning the ugly, the disgusting and the horrible into something beautiful. The 2007 follow-up album Folkfuck Folie will show the consolidation and the deepening of this concept. According to Famine, the overall themes running through La Sanie des siècles are "a parallel between mediaeval and modern apocalypse; the decline of the current world and the desire to see it die out since it cannot be saved; vengeance and the fantasized return of our Own (our Own: a fallen nobility socially, psychically and physiologically humiliated). Annihilating the world which has annihilated us. It invites people to do so." All the songs, lyrics and solos on La Sanie des siècles – Panégyrique de la dégénérescence were written by La sale Famine de Valfunde exclusively except lyrics of "Le mort joyeux" and "Spleen" by Charles Baudelaire and "Dueil Angoisseus" by Christine de Pizan. All artwork and concept imagined by La sale Famine de Valfunde. Sales and releases This record was limited to 2,000 pieces during its first cycle of pressing but quickly sold-out due to the growth in the band's fanbase, in 2008 it was repressed by Transcendental Creations. A limited vinyl version co-produced by De profundis éditions and Finnish label Ahdistuksen Aihio Productions was released in August 2009. Track listing Credits La Sanie des siècles – Panégyrique de la dégénérescence studio session: La Sale Famine de Valfunde – guitars, vocals, bass (on "Phalènes et pestilence – Salvatrice averse"), all songs, solos, lyrics (except lyrics taken from Baudelaire and Christine de Pisan) Indria – bass Winterhalter – drums On bonus demo tracks: Neige – organ and drums (on "Nous sommes fanés" and "Des médecins malades et des saints séquestrés"), short guest vocal appearance (on tracks "Retour de flamme (Hooligan Black Metal)" and "Dueil angoisseus"), bass (on "Des médecins malades et des saints séquestrés") References External links Interview with La sale Famine de Valfunde of the French Black Metal band Peste Noire, Diabolical Conquest: Underground Extreme Metal Webzine, USA, August 12 2009 Interview with La sale Famine de Valfunde of the French Black Metal band Peste Noire, Zero Tolerance Magazine, United Kingdom, Issue 014, October 31 2006" Remarks on the Politics of Black Metal: Peste Noire, by Dr Benjamin Noys (University of Chichester, England). Paper presented in absentia at the Hideous Gnosis Black Metal Theory Symposium in Brooklyn (USA), 12 December 2009 Complete Peste Noire lyrics Northern Heritage Productions Contact/De Profundis distribution Transcendental Creations Category:Peste Noire albums Category:2006 albums	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Yalta Memorial Garden The Yalta Memorial Garden (or the Cromwell Gardens Triangle or Thurloe Place Gardens) is a small triangular garden in South Kensington, west London, SW7. It is in size. The garden contains Twelve Responses to Tragedy (or the Yalta Memorial), a memorial located that commemorates people displaced as a result of the Yalta Conference at the conclusion of World War II. The memorial was dedicated in 1986 to replace a previous memorial dedicated in 1982 that had been repeatedly damaged by vandalism. The land on which the garden is situated was first described in 1928 when it was part of the Crown Estate by the Report of the Royal Commission on London Squares as a 'grass plot with a few trees'. The garden is located at the junction of Cromwell Gardens, Thurloe Place and is adjacent to the private Thurloe Square. The Victoria & Albert Museum is immediately north of the garden, on the opposite side of Cromwell Gardens. The museum maintains the garden. The garden and memorial are publicly accessible at all times. Design The plot of the garden is triangular, a central paved path leads to the apex of the triangle, the path is lined by ornamental trees, and a hedge forms a border around the garden. The far west of the garden contains a flower bed. References Category:1986 in London Category:1986 establishments in England Category:Gardens in London Category:Parks and open spaces in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea Category:South Kensington	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
1999 Hopman Cup The Hopman Cup XI (also known as the Hyundai Hopman Cup for sponsorship reasons) was played at the Burswood Entertainment Complex located in Perth. Australia's Jelena Dokić and Mark Philippoussis of Australia won, defeating Sweden's Åsa Carlsson and Jonas Björkman in the final. Team Participation - Jelena Dokić and Mark Philippoussis - Sandrine Testud and Guillaume Raoux - Karina Habšudová and Karol Kučera - Amanda Coetzer and Wayne Ferreira - Arantxa Sánchez Vicario and Carlos Moyà - Åsa Carlsson and Jonas Björkman - Martina Hingis and Ivo Heuberger - Lindsay Davenport and Jan-Michael Gambill 1 - Cara Black and Wayne Black 1Zimbabwe lost in qualifying to France, but then took the place of Spain in the South Africa-Spain series of matches. Play-off France vs. Zimbabwe Group A Teams and Standings Australia vs. France Australia vs. South Africa Australia vs. Spain France vs. South Africa France vs. Spain South Africa vs. Zimbabwe for Spain Zimbabwe had to replace Spain in this series of matches. Group B Teams and Standings Sweden vs. Slovakia Slovakia vs. Switzerland Slovakia vs. United States Sweden vs. Switzerland Sweden vs. United States Switzerland vs. United States Final External links Category:Hopman Cups by year Hopman Cup Hopman Cup Category:1990s in Perth, Western Australia	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Amy Beth Kirsten Amy Beth Kirsten (born 1972) is an American composer. She has worked with musical groups and ensembles including the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, American Composers Orchestra and Eighth Blackbird, and is one of the co-founders of HOWL ensemble. Life and career Kirsten has been writing songs and choral pieces since learning the piano as a child. She was a vocal and piano major at Benedictine University but had not had a composition lesson until the age of 30. Upon the encouragement of her boyfriend (and now husband), Christopher Theofanidis, she started applying for and joining festivals. In 2009, at the age of 37, Kirsten was selected to participate in the Norfolk New Music and Band on a Can Festival; and in 2010 she was one of the composers at the Mizzou New Music Festival. Kirsten is most notable for her works for “Composed Theatre”, which is referred by Matthias Rebstock as “the creative process and the performance of pieces that are determined by compositional strategies and, in a broader sense, by compositional thinking.” Her major theatrical works include Savior (2016-2018) and QUIXOTE (2015-2017). Her notable instrumental compositions include Pirouette On a Moon River (2011) for flute solo and Drink Me (2010) for chamber orchestra, both with elements of vocalization. Having received her Doctor of Musical Arts at the Peabody Institute and Master of Music at Roosevelt University, Kirsten currently serves on the composition faculty at Longy School of Music. She has also been the faculty of the annual highSCORE festival in Pavia, Italy since 2011. References Category:1972 births Category:Living people Category:American female composers Category:21st-century American composers Category:Benedictine University alumni Category:Peabody Institute alumni Category:Roosevelt University alumni Category:Longy School of Music of Bard College faculty	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Symphony, K. 76 (Mozart) The Symphony in F major "No. 43", K. 76/42a, was probably written by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. The symphony is scored for two oboes, two horns, two bassoons and strings. The oboes are silent for the second movement. The inclusion of the bassoons is notable as in contemporary orchestras bassoon parts were not usually written in and simply doubled the cellos and double basses. In contemporary orchestras, it was also usual to include the harpsichord if they were available in the orchestra to reinforce the bass line and act as the continuo. The duration is approximately 15 minutes. The symphony consists of the following movements: Allegro maestoso, Andante, Menuetto, Allegro, The autograph has been lost. The only source for this symphony was a set of parts in the archives of the publisher Breitkopf & Härtel, which was destroyed during World War II. The Alte Mozart-Ausgabe (published 1879–1882) gives the numbering sequence 1–41 for the 41 numbered symphonies. The unnumbered symphonies (some, including K. 76, published in supplements to the Alte-Mozart Ausgabe until 1910) are sometimes given numbers in the range 42 to 56, even though they were written earlier than Mozart's Symphony No. 41 (written in 1788). The symphony K. 76 is given the number 43 in this numbering scheme. Origins and authorship Otto Jahn, in his Mozart biography, refers to the discovery of 20 symphonies attributed to Mozart in the archives of Breitkopf & Härtel. Köchel agreed with this view and considered K. 76 authentic Mozart. Jahn's write-up was based on the "Mozartiana Collection" of Johann André, in which ten of the aforementioned 20 symphonies are included (indicating that they were considered authentic), because they were sent directly from Constanze Mozart, Mozart's widow. Two of these works are symphonic versions of the overtures to Lucio Silla, K. 135 and Il sogno di Scipione, K. 126, increasing the likelihood that the other eight works are also authentic. Jahn dated K. 76 as "177?", while Köchel dated it as "perhaps 1769". Wyzewa and Saint-Foix (1912) dated the symphony between December 1, 1766 and March 1, 1767. They compared the first movement of the symphony with the overture to Die Schuldigkeit des ersten Gebots, K. 35 and Mozart's earlier symphonies and concluded that K. 76 was written before the overture, perhaps in December 1766. They considered it to be "written with great care for his teacher and compatriots to prove what he had learned on the big trip (to London, Paris, Holland, etc.)" However, Zaslaw considered this interpretation "pure fantasy". Abert doubted the similarities described by Wyzewa and Saint-Foix, because the development of the overture to K. 35 is based on the main theme of the overture, but the development of K. 76 digresses from the main theme of the symphony. The quotation of a theme by Jean-Philippe Rameau in the last movement points to the time of the first big trip, but the (later) addition of the minuet points to southern Germany as the place of composition. Einstein stated that the minuet is relatively of much greater maturity than the primitive other three movements and was probably composed later. Viennese symphonies would almost always have four movements and Mozart would often adjust three-movement symphonies he composed for other places by later adding a minuet and trio, so Einstein concluded that minuet and trio was composed for a trip to Vienna. The sixth edition of the Köchel catalogue lists the time as "allegedly in autumn 1767, in Vienna". Gerhard Allroggen and Cliff Eisen suspect the true author of the symphony to be Leopold Mozart due to stylistic features. Zaslaw described the symphony as "attractive", the Andante as an "irritant" and highlights the "beauty" of the minuet, but Sadie (2006) however speaks generally of "weakness", the pizzicato passages in the second movement as "cumbersome" and the harmony in the minuet "clumsy". References External links 43 Category:Compositions in F major Category:Mozart: spurious and doubtful works	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Ready Steady Go (Pakistani TV series) Ready Steady Go is a Pakistani sitcom television series directed by Kamran Ahmed Ali and written by Hassan Imam. It is aired on Play Entertainment weekly. Sitcom stars Maham Amir, Faizan Shaikh and Parveen Akber. Plot Sitcom is about lady Khairan (Parveen Akbar) who is head of the family, who has weak and ill husband Wazeer Ahmed (Shafqat Khan). Despite not having money she was strict towards her two lazy sons Pyaare (Faizan Shaikh) and Babban (Aadi Adeel). Family is rented a portion in Noshi's (Maham Amir) house, the two boys fall for young landlord. From there begins a story that how Noshi used Pyaare and Babban to do something for her every week which makes their mother mad at Noshi, since both ladies don't like each other. Cast and characters Maham Amir as Noshi; A young landlord who owns a double storey house, lower part of her house rented to Khairan family. She is in love with Pyaare but his mother doesn't like Noshi, therefore drama is created in their house. Parveen Akber as Khairan; A poverty stricken lady who is head of her family. She is seen mostly arguing with Noshi because of her behaviour and acts. She also abuses her sons for being jobless and lazy. Shafqat Khan as Wazeer Ahmed; An ill and weak husband of Khairan who is surrounded by diseases. He is not bold enough to face his family issues therefore all problems are solved by his wife, Khairan. Faizan Shaikh as Pyaare; Younger son of Khairan who loves poetry and has crush on Noshi. Aadi Adeal as Babban; Elder son of Khairan who has gangster like appearance and try to make place in Noshi heart. Guest appearances Shamoon Abbasi as Gulu Kherian's brother Saqib Sameer as Kamala Shariq Mehmood as Wazeer's Brother Ali Khan as boxer Rashid Farooqui as Rafeeq Bhai from Tere Naal Luv Hoga Hai Drama References External links Category:Urdu-language television programs	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Basha Basha may refer to: Baasha (king), a Hebrew king Basha (film), a Tamil movie Basha (tarpaulin), British military slang for a shelter or sleeping area Arabic pronunciation of the Turkish title "Pasha", formerly used by some Arab rulers in Ottoman-influenced areas Basha (title), an Ethiopian rank originally derived from the Turkish "Pasha" but of lower status Basha, a chain of Lebanese cuisine restaurants in the Greater Montreal area People with the surname Muhammad A. Basha, Scientist at King Abdulaziz University Amal Basha, Amal Basha is a Yemeni women's rights activist, chair of the Sisters' Arab Forum for Human Rights (SAF). She has been called "Yemen's most famous feminist" Migjen Basha, Albanian footballer See also Bashar (disambiguation)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Ballet Minnesota Ballet Minnesota is a classical dance company in Minnesota, United States. Located in Saint Paul in the Arts Section of Lowertown, it has served Minneapolis-St. Paul and Minnesota for 20 years. Founded by Andrew and Cheryl Rist, its stated mission is to be "dedicated to creating and sharing artistry in dance through public presentations and education." Ballet Minnesota works with its sister organization, Classical Ballet Academy, in the Upper Midwest. The Classic Nutcracker has just finished its 20th year of performance. References External links Category:Arts organizations based in Saint Paul, Minnesota Category:1990 establishments in Minnesota Category:Dance in Minnesota	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
USS Fort Mandan (LSD-21) USS Fort Mandan (LSD-21) was a of the United States Navy, named in honor of Fort Mandan, the encampment at which the Lewis and Clark Expedition wintered in 1804–1805, in what is now North Dakota. Construction and career United States service Fort Mandan was launched on 2 June 1945 by Boston Navy Yard, Boston, Massachusetts, sponsored by Mrs. Powell M. Rhea; and commissioned on 31 October 1945, Lieutenant Commander W. A. Caughy, USNR, in command. Fort Mandan was assigned first to the Atlantic Reserve Fleet following her shakedown training in Chesapeake Bay, but later was assigned to duty with the Service Force, 2nd Fleet. She spent the next year in routine operations off the Atlantic coast. In April and May 1947 she participated in 8th Fleet exercises, and cruised with the United States Naval Academy and NROTC midshipmen to northern European ports during June and July. On 16 January 1948 she was placed out of commission in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet. The outbreak of the Korean War occasioned her reactivation and on 25 October 1950, Fort Mandan was recommissioned, with Captain Philip D. Quirk, USN, commanding. In December she joined the Amphibious Force, Atlantic Fleet. During 1951 she engaged in Atlantic Fleet exercises through 17 May, conducted drills in the Caribbean through 29 August, and following a brief cruise in Caribbean waters underwent preparations for the "Convex" operation which occurred from 28 February to 31 March 1952. Fort Mandan participated in the first NATO maneuvers, Operation Mainbrace, in August and September 1952, and cruised with the 6th Fleet in the Mediterranean from October to January 1953. Returning to the United States, she exercised in the Norfolk area until September when she weighed anchor to take part in Operation "Sunec" with calls at Greenland, Labrador, and Newfoundland. During 1954 she was overhauled at Norfolk Navy Yard, took refresher training at Narragansett Bay and another "Sunec" cruise on which she visited Baffin Island, Labrador, and Newfoundland. Two training cruises in the Caribbean in 1955 were succeeded by a third "Sunec" deployment on which she crossed the Arctic Circle for the second time. In 1956 Fort Mandan conducted amphibious training exercises at Vieques, Puerto Rico, and underwent overhaul at Baltimore before steaming again for the far north where she cruised in September and October. Amphibious exercises again occupied her during November 1956 and much of 1957 when she joined in "Caribex" in the Panama Canal Zone and "Narmid" 1 and 2. From September through November 1957 she was attached to MSTS for Arctic Service, successfully transporting Army men and equipment from Greenland to Newfoundland and Virginia in a winter closing-out operation. Caribbean exercises kept her active during the first half of 1958. In the summer months she received an overhaul at Norfolk to prepare her for more exercises in the Caribbean and a cruise to Halifax and Argentia in November. In February 1959 she joined the 6th Fleet for maneuvers in the Mediterranean where she remained until August. On 3 July, while visiting the French port of Sète, Fort Mandan sailors assisted local firefighters in extinguishing a fire on the Italian gasoline tanker Ombrina. In the fall Fort Mandan operated from Little Creek, Virginia, in conducting drills and exercises along the Virginia Capes area and in 1960 she again carried troops and equipment for amphibious landings in the Caribbean. Bill Cosby served in Fort Mandan in 1960 as a Hospital corpsman (HM3). In 1962 the ship made her film debut in The Longest Day, filmed as five LCM-6s with troops and equipment moved out of her welldeck. Fort Mandan received a Fleet Rehabilitation and Modernization (FRAM II) overhaul in 1962. On 23 January 1971, Fort Mandan was decommissioned at Norfolk, Virginia, and transferred to Greece under the Security Assistance Program. She was stricken from the Naval Vessel Register and sold to Greece on 8 February 1980. Greek service Arriving in Greece on 30 March 1971, the ship served in the Hellenic Navy as Nafkratousa (L153), replacing another Casa Grande ship—the former —which had operated as Nafkratousa (L153) from 1953 until Fort Mandans acquisition. The former Fort Mandan was decommissioned by the Hellenic Navy on 29 February 2000, and sold for scrap in November 2001, to be dismantled at Aliağa, Turkey. References External links Category:Cold War amphibious warfare vessels of the United States Category:Ships built in Boston Category:1945 ships Category:Casa Grande-class dock landing ships of the United States Navy Category:Casa Grande-class dock landing ships of the Hellenic Navy	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Anthracohyus Anthracohyus was a genus of extinct artiodactyl ungulate mammal belonging to Anthracotheriidae that lived in Asia during the middle to late Eocene. Taxonomy Anthracohyus is treated as a junior synonym of Anthracotherium by Tsubamoto et al. (2002) based on similarities in dental morphology. However, this synonymy was rejected by Lihoreau and Ducrocq (2007). Distribution Fossils of Anthracohyus are known from Myanmar, and Thailand. References Category:Anthracotheres Category:Eocene even-toed ungulates Category:Eocene mammals of Asia	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Campillo de Dueñas Campillo de Dueñas is a municipality located in the province of Guadalajara, Castile-La Mancha, Spain, near the source of the river Piedra. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 111 inhabitants. Category:Municipalities in the Province of Guadalajara Category:Populated places in the Province of Guadalajara	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Louis Danziger Louis (Lou) Danziger is an American graphic designer and design educator. He is most strongly associated with the late modern movement in graphic design, and with a community of designers from various disciplines working in Southern California in the mid-twentieth century. He is noted for his iconoclastic approach to design, and for introducing the principles of European constructivism to the American advertising vernacular. In 1998, Danziger was awarded the AIGA Gold Medal for “standards of excellence over a lifetime of work.” Early life At age eleven, Danziger was enrolled in courses in art and poster design run by the Federal Art Project: “Their art classes turned me into a designer,” Danziger later said. He began to browse the German design magazine Gebrauchsgraphik, which was available at the Fordham Public Library, and which he later credited with piquing his interest in typography, and with establishing his high visual standards. As an art major at Evander Childs High School, Danziger received a free student membership to the Museum of Modern Art: as a consequence Danziger was exposed to the modern-art movements of Futurism, Constructivism, and Dadaism, and studied the work of Picasso, Matisse, and Paul Klee. Danziger prepared for a career as a commercial artist. As a teenager, he worked as an apprentice at United Litho Company and silkscreen shop S&K. He also worked as a stage designer at Berkshire Country Club in the Catskill Mountains, and as an assistant to the art director at Delehanty Institute. After high school, Danziger served in the Army in the South Pacific (New Guinea, the Admiralties, the Philippines, and Japan), where he was a Staff Sergeant and worked as a radio operator and communication chief, from 1943 through 1945. Education and influences After his discharge from the Army, and eager to escape cold weather, Danziger moved to Los Angeles and enrolled in the Art Center School on the G.I. Bill. At Art Center, Danziger encountered the first of two teachers who would be particularly influential: graphic designer Alvin Lustig. “I didn't like school at all, because it was very rigid at that time. But one day I heard this voice coming out of a classroom talking about social structure, religion, and the broadest implications of design. So I stuck my nose in the door and saw that it was Lustig. From then on I sat in on every class,” said Danziger. From Lustig, Danziger learned how graphic design connected to the worlds of art, music, and literature, and that design could have social and cultural importance: “(Lustig) made me feel, naively, that I could move the earth by putting pencil to paper.” Danziger left school less than two years later, and began to work as a freelance graphic designer. Discouraged by the scarcity of opportunities available in Los Angeles at the time, Danziger returned to New York City; while working at Esquire Magazine, he enrolled in the famous ‘Graphic Journalism’ evening class of graphic designer Alexey Brodovitch, at the New School for Social Research. Danziger was encouraged by Brodovitch's enthusiasm for Danziger's portfolio of work, and was inspired by Brodovitch's insistence on originality and authenticity, and his view of design as a simple, joyful activity: “(Brodovitch taught that) design needs no justification other than the pleasure of the act itself,” said Danziger. Danziger has spoken frequently about the twin influences of Lustig and Brodovitch, each very different from the other in style, focus, and temperament: “One said ‘night,’ and the other said ‘day.’” Danziger observed that the differences between these two teachers helped him to resist the impulse to imitate either, and instead compelled him to develop his independent style and voice: “I always felt that it was the contradictions between my two masters that allowed me to form my own point of view.” Though noted for his intellectualism, Danziger describes himself primarily as an auto-didact: “(Reading) constituted the major part of my design education.” He has cited as formative texts Buckminster Fuller’s 'Nine Chains to the Moon,' Gyorgy Kepes’ ‘Language of Vision,' Louis Sullivan’s ‘Kindergarten Chats,’ and Paul Rand’s ‘Thoughts on Design.' Rand's writing in particular imprinted on Danziger the importance of identifying a solution to each design problem that connected closely to the visual language and conceptual territory of the subject matter, and the power of visual metaphors as a tool of communication. Work Danziger returned to Los Angeles in late 1948, where he studied architecture briefly at the California School of Art, under Raphael S. Soriano. He began an independent practice, offering graphic design, advertising, and consulting services, in Los Angeles in 1949. Prolific and efficient in his work, Danziger created thousands of works of design over the next three decades, including advertising, book covers, magazines and catalogs, packaging, logos, album covers, and exhibition design. His client base grew from small local entities to large national corporations and organizations. His clients included charitable and cultural institutions (Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Skirball Museum, International Design Conference at Aspen, Eleanor Roosevelt Institute for Cancer Research), educational institutions (UCLA), and many commercial enterprises (Flax Artist's Materials, Container Corporation of America, Kwikset Locks, Gelvetex, Vivitar, Clinton Laboratories, TRW, Dreyfus Company, and others). Among Danziger's better-known works: Print ad for General Lighting Company (1949) Logo and identity program for Flax Artist's Materials (1952) House campaign for Dreyfus Advertising Agency (1956) Print ad for Container Corporation of America (1958) Print ads and packaging for Clinton Laboratories (1959-1963) Posters for Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA)’s Exhibition of New York School Painters (1965) and Exhibition of American Painting (1966) Catalogs for several Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA) shows, most notably: New York School (1965), Exhibition of Japanese Art Treasures (1965), Art & Technology (1971), and The Avant Garde in Russia (1980) Advertising campaigns and packaging for Mamiya/Sekor (1966) Catalog cover, UCLA Extension (1990) Danziger largely retired from studio work in 1972, although for several years after he served as a corporate design consultant for Atlantic Richfield Company (ARCO); he also consulted for Microsoft, LACMA, the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA), and others. In 1995, Danziger donated his collection of visual work and related documents to the Design Archives of Rochester Institute of Technology, where it can be accessed by students, design scholars, and historians. Philosophy and approach Although Danziger himself tends to eschew labels, he is most strongly associated with the late modern movement in graphic design and advertising design. Danziger’s work is characterized by essential values associated with modernism, and more particularly with the principles of European constructivism: Economy of means. “I strive for elegance, using the word in its scientific sense: accomplishment with minimum means.” Danziger's stated goal is to take “a minimal amount of material and a minimal amount of effort—nothing wasted—to achieve maximum impact.” Danziger has noted frequently that the constraints of any project, whether budget, schedule, or client requirements, were simply a condition of the process and no obstacle to finding an effective solution. Appropriateness to the purpose. Danziger defines design as a useful, problem-solving activity rather than as an aesthetic pursuit. He insists on starting each project with a blank slate stylistically, in order to create a communication that is uniquely appropriate to that client and that situation: “The “look” is not brought to the work but rather emerges from the process.” Similarly, he states: “I want solutions that make it difficult to separate form from content.” Danziger rejects design that is (merely or primarily) aesthetically appealing as a vanity, and the province of the fine artist. Clarity. Danziger is intolerant of any ambiguity or obfuscation in communication: “I want to be clear. I never try to be subtle or clever.” He observed: “I am concerned with the production of work that demonstrates intelligence … there is continually a search for clarity and depth rather than cleverness.” Social responsibility. Danziger insists on viewing design as an ethical pursuit, mindful of its impact on its audience. “As socially responsible people we try to accomplish (our clients’) objectives in a positive way. We do this by providing some services for our audience. We provide information, entertainment, and aesthetic pleasure.” He observed that ethics in design “is primarily about being responsible for what one does. In the case of communication design, the number one rule is not to deceive.” In contrast to designers who shunned advertising as banal or corrupt, Danziger embraced advertising as an important part of his practice, reasoning that he could change and improve the world of advertising by offering the audience work that was intelligent, respectful, and valuable to them. Danziger is also viewed as a seminal figure in the burgeoning graphic design and advertising industry in Southern California in the mid-twentieth century, which was noted for its experimentalism, its reverence for modern art, and its indifference to the strict design traditions of the east coast. Danziger's work was additionally informed by his own knowledge of design history. Danziger resisted the stylistic signatures that are common to many graphic designers: this contributed to a sort of visual timelessness in his design, which critics have described as “effortless” and “classic.” Danziger is noted for his innovative uses of photography in advertising, including overlaying multiple photographic negatives to create a new image, presenting tiny objects as enormous on the page, in order to draw new attention to them, and the deft use of visual metaphors. Together, these techniques embodied a “revolutionary redefinition of the photograph” as an element of communication. Danziger had an early interest in the potential application of computers in graphic design, taking a course at UCLA Extension in the fundamentals of computer science in 1955. Later Danziger worked with programmers at the California Institute of Technology to create perhaps the first logo to be designed with the aid of a computer (for Xybion Corporation, in 1975). Colleagues and collaborators By and large, Danziger worked alone, managing his firm largely without design assistants or professional collaborators. He noted that he preferred to do fewer projects, but to retain more control over production of each piece. With few exceptions, his work incorporated his own photography. Nevertheless, Danziger was closely connected with a group of designers from various disciplines who were active in Southern California from the 1950s to the 1970s, including Charles and Ray Eames, and the ‘Design Group’ (a group that consisted primarily of Alvin Lustig's students, which was active from 1948 to the early 1970s). These designers were not Danziger's direct collaborators; however, they met frequently, had common interests and preoccupations, and were cooperative and mutually influential. Danziger was something of an intellectual leader of this group: he was later described by his contemporary, graphic designer Deborah Sussman, as “a guru to everyone (in this confederation of designers).” Designer Saul Bass said that Danziger “shaped Los Angeles design activity into an intellectual dialogue and was a major inspiration.” In 1949, Danziger joined a loosely affiliated, short-lived group called the Society of Contemporary Designers, which also included Saul Bass, Alvin Lustig, Jerome Gould, and John Follis, and which included graphic, product, and exhibition designers. Danziger was described by Bass as “a critical link in the communal support system.” Danziger also enjoyed a close friendship and informal collaboration with graphic designer Paul Rand, and with Bauhaus master Herbert Bayer. Danziger collaborated with architect Frank Gehry on the Danziger House and Studio (1965), a studio/residence which Danziger and his wife occupied until 1995. This project was one of the first of Gehry's projects to receive widespread attention. Teaching Despite his own lack of formal education, Danziger became a noted design educator, a “charismatic pedagogue.” Danziger is associated most closely with three schools: Harvard University, where he was a visiting professor in graphic design from 1978 to 1988; Art Center College of Design (formerly known as Art Center School), where he taught courses in advertising and graphic design starting in 1958; and California Institute of the Arts (CalArts, formerly known as Chouinard Art Institute), where he taught from 1963 to 1979, and served as the Director of the Graphic Design Department from 1972 to 1979. At CalArts, Danziger was credited with helping to create the first academic course ever offered in the history of graphic design; and, averse to the promotion of a single point of view in design education, he was noted for recruiting faculty who represented a diverse range of styles. Danziger's teaching reflects the influence of Lustig, Brodovitch, Buckminster Fuller, El Lissitsky, Rand, and others, but filtered and interpreted through his own research and practice, and incorporating his own sense of humor. Danziger is famous among students for his pithy aphorisms, among them: “The solution to the problem lies within the problem.” (Create a design solution that is germane to the subject matter: don't borrow interest.) “Close the open doors.” (Remove all elements that might interfere with the intended communication.) “If it’s not helping you, it’s hurting you.” (Remove unnecessary elements, because they are distractions.) “Analysis of the problem is the most significant part of the design process.” (Research, and think, before beginning to design.) “If it’s 'in,' it’s out.” (Resist the lure of fashion, or imitating what's ‘cool.’) “You are the best you.” (Don't imitate. Be authentic in your life and work.) In a 1998 interview coinciding with the awarding of the AIGA Gold Medal, Danziger summed up his advice to students in this way: “Work. Think. Feel.” Work: “No matter how brilliant, talented, exceptional and wonderful the student may be, without work there is nothing but potential and talk.” Think: “Design is a problem-solving activity. Thinking is the application of intelligence to arrive at the appropriate solution to the problem.” Feel: “Work without feeling, intuition, and spontaneity is devoid of humanity.” Many of Danziger's students rose to prominence in the design field, among them John Plunkett (founding designer of Wired Magazine), Neil Kellerhouse, Mikio Osaki, Frank Cheatham, Ray Engle, Robert Geers, Robert Overby, Sam Smidt, Roland Young, Archie Boston, Judy Johnson, John Van Hamersveld, Laurie Raskin, Cheri Gray, Tracey Shiffman, Dale Herigstad, Don Chang, Sean Adams, Troy Alders, Noreen Morioka, Lars M. Busekist, Ian Grais, Kristen Ding, Dan Goods, Maria Moon, Miya Osaki, among others. Danziger has been critical of some schools and trends in design education—in particular, many schools’ rigidity, their emphasis on fashionability, and their imprinting of students with a uniform design style: “Most schools produce students whose work is interchangeable. The skills they teach are obsolete by the time a student graduates. If students are trained (instead) as genuine problem-solvers, they are able to deal with an unknown tomorrow.” Influence and impact Danziger is credited with influencing several generations of contemporary American advertising art directors and graphic designers, both through his work and through his teaching. In addition, Danziger's influence extended outside the United States. In 1957, when travelling to Italy to study the work of Italian designers, Danziger discovered that many Italian designers knew and admired his work already: graphic designer Massimo Vignelli said that it was the work of Danziger and Saul Bass that inspired him to come to the United States. Awards, honors and exhibitions Exhibition, Society of Typographic Arts, Chicago (1955) Elected Member of Alliance Graphique Internationale (AGI) (1974) Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA), The Modern and Contemporary Art Councils’ Award for Distinguished Achievement (1982) Distinguished Designer Fellowship, National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) (1985) Pacific Design Center “Stars of Design” Lifetime Achievement Award (1997) Gold Medal, American Institute of Graphic Arts (AIGA) (1998) Lifetime Achievement Award, Art Center College of Design (2011) Exhibition, Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Pacific Standard Time: Art in L.A., 1945-1980 (2011-2012) Danziger's work is included and exhibited in the permanent collections of several design and art museums, including the Museum of Modern Art (New York), the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, and the Library of Congress. In 2013, in honor of Danziger's 90th birthday, an exhibition of Danziger's key works was mounted at Art Center College of Design in Pasadena, California. References External links "Louis Danziger" LACMA Collections Category:American graphic designers Category:Harvard University faculty Category:California Institute of the Arts faculty Category:Living people Category:People from Brooklyn Category:Artists from New York City Category:People from Pasadena, California Category:Artists from California Category:20th-century American artists Category:21st-century American artists	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
I Need Your Body I Need Your Body is the second single by Australian pop singer Tina Arena, released in Australia in April 1990. It was Arena's first single to receive commercial success in Australia and was certified Platinum. It peaked at #3 on the ARIA Singles chart, and was placed at #17 on the ARIA 1990 End of Year Top 100 Singles chart. This made it the second highest selling single in Australia from a local artist that year. Song information I Need Your Body was written by Ross Inglis, who also produced it along with Doug Brady. It was recorded at Metropolis Audio in Melbourne. Ean Sugarman and Stan Michael remixed the 'Hot DJ Mix' of 'I Need Your Body" Parts 1 & 2 after their huge success of winning an Australia wide DJ remix competition for Wa Wa Nee "Cant Control Myself". The song and the video were parodied on Fast Forward by Gina Riley in 1990. Formats and track listings Scandinavian 7" single Total time:10:34 Catalog BOS 1050 "I Need Your Body (7" Mix)" - 4:20 "I Need Your Body (Mini Mix)" - 6:14 Australian 7" single Total time:7:33 Catalog AV 2406 "I Need Your Body" - 3:59 "Stagefright" - 3:34 Australian 12" single #1 Total time:20:13 Catalog ED451 "I Need Your Body (12" Mix)" - 6:26 "I Need Your Body (Radio Mix)" - 3:59 "I Need Your Body (Mini Mix)" - 6:14 "Stagefright" - 3:34 Australian 12" single #2 Total time:23:57 Catalog ED454 "I Need Your Body (Hot D.J. Mix)" - 10:10 "I Need Your Body (Radio Mix)" - 3:59 "I Need Your Body (Mini Mix)" - 6:14 "Stagefright" - 3:34 Australian Cassette single Total time:7:33 (track list repeated on both sides) Catalog TCAV 2406 "I Need Your Body" - 3:59 "Stagefright" - 3:34 NOTE: The original 12" mix is included on the 1990 Australian Strong as Steel CD. This remix was not included on the reissued 1996 version of Strong as Steel. Charts Certifications References Category:Tina Arena songs Category:1990 singles Category:Disco songs	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Four Bears Bridge Four Bears Bridge is one of two bridges built over the Missouri River on the Fort Berthold Reservation in the U.S. state of North Dakota. It carries North Dakota Highway 23. The current bridge which opened in 2005 is the second largest bridge in the state and replaces an earlier bridge built in 1955. The 1955 bridge replaced an even earlier bridge known as the Verendrye Bridge after the first European explorer to visit present day North Dakota. One worker was killed and three were injured when a portion of the new bridge collapsed during construction on November 30, 2004. The current bridge is decorated with medallions reflecting the heritage of the Three Affiliated Tribes, the Mandan, Arikara and Hidatsa who inhabit the reservation. The bridge is named for two chiefs, one Mandan and one Hidatsa and both named Four Bears. The bridge opened to traffic on September 2, 2005, at around 10:00 a.m. local time . An official opening ceremony was held on October 3, 2005. References Category:Road bridges in North Dakota Category:Bridges completed in 1955 Category:Bridges completed in 2005 Category:Bridge disasters caused by construction error Category:Bridge disasters in the United States Category:Transportation disasters in North Dakota Category:2005 establishments in North Dakota Category:Construction accidents in the United States Category:1955 establishments in North Dakota	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Wrightsville Dam The Wrightsville Dam was a 19th-century dam on the lower Susquehanna River between Wrightsville and Columbia, Pennsylvania. The low-head dam was constructed in 1840 to impound the waters of the Susquehanna to provide a slackwater pool to allow the safe passage of canal boats from the Pennsylvania Canal on the Columbia (Lancaster County) side across the mile-wide rocky river to the Susquehanna and Tidewater Canal on the Wrightsville (York County) side. See also List of dams and reservoirs of the Susquehanna River References Category:Dams in Pennsylvania Category:Dams on the Susquehanna River Category:Buildings and structures in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania Category:Buildings and structures in York County, Pennsylvania Category:Dams completed in 1840	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Yelü Xidi Yelü Xidi (耶律奚低) or Yelü Xida (耶律希達) was a Khitan general in ancient China's Liao Dynasty, flourishing during Emperor Jingzong's reign. In 986 he followed general Yelü Xiezhen to fight the forces from Song Dynasty led by general Yang Ye. Yang Ye was defeated at south of Shuozhou and hid in the forests. Yelü Xidi being a very good archer saw him and shot him down from the horse using an arrow. Yang Ye was later captured by Liao forces. Yelü Xidi later followed Empress Dowager Xiao in her southern conquest and achieved in battles. He died from an illness. Notes Sources Toqto'a et al. (1344). History of Liao. Category:Liao dynasty generals Category:Yelü clan	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
A Concert Behind Prison Walls A Concert: Behind Prison Walls is the fifty-fourth overall album and a live album recorded by Johnny Cash at the Tennessee State Prison in 1974. The album features Cash with his backing band the Tennessee Three. It also features a total of four performances by Linda Ronstadt, Roy Clark and Foster Brooks. The album is the soundtrack to a television special featuring the concert (the same narrator from the broadcast can be heard introducing acts on the album). It was not intended for release as a soundtrack album, but did eventually see release as such in 2003. It was released only 11 days after Cash's death and as such stands as his first posthumous release of previously unreleased performances, though it was not planned as such. A DVD of the broadcast was also released. A Concert: Behind Prison Walls stands as the fourth and final album of Cash's conceptual series of live albums recorded before an audience of prison inmates. The other three are, chronologically, At Folsom Prison (1968), At San Quentin (1969) and På Österåker (1973). The original release of the show was called Flowers Out of Place and featured Glen Sherley, who had written several songs that Cash had performed at earlier prison concerts. Sherley's material has been cut from recent releases of the show. Track listing Source: Allmusic Personnel Johnny Cash – vocals, acoustic guitar, harmonica Linda Ronstadt – vocals Roy Clark – vocals, guitar, banjo Foster Brooks – vocals The Tennessee Three Marshall Grant – bass WS Holland – drums Bob Wootton – electric guitar Carl Perkins – electric guitar Tommy Williams – fiddle References Category:2003 live albums Category:Johnny Cash live albums Category:Prison music	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Prundeni Prundeni is a commune located in Vâlcea County, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Bărbuceni, Călina, Prundeni and Zăvideni. References Category:Communes in Vâlcea County	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
CAMBRA CAMBRA is an acronym for Caries Management by Risk Assessment. It describes a preventative form of dentistry in which patients are categorized by their relative risk for developing dental caries, based on risk factors including diet, oral hygiene, fluoride regiment, and past oral health history. The CAMBRA15 system was developed as an evidence-based approach to the prevention, reversal, and treatment of patients with dental caries.16,17 The emphasis is on the whole disease process and employs the caries balance method, taking account of all factors that contribute to the development of dental caries (attacking factors) and all factors that research has shown to be protective from dental caries (defense factors). The assessment of this balance not only helps establish risk but suggests the correct strategies to prevent or reverse the process. The CAMBRA system provides a more in-depth assessment tool as a key element of the overall approach and takes account of: Caries disease indicators: Socio-economic status, developmental problems, and presence of lesions or restorations placed within the previous 3 years. Caries risk factors: Visible accumulations of plaque and quantitative assessment of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli, frequent snacking, saliva flow and salivary modifying factors, fissure anatomy, root surface exposure, and the presence of appliances. Caries protective factors: Systemic and topical fluoride sources, adequate saliva flow, xylitol in the diet, use of calcium and phosphate paste or chlorhexidine. Clinical examination: Presence of white spots, decalcifications, restorations, plaque deposits. The tool assigns patients to low, moderate, high, or extreme risk and offers two formats, one for patients aged 0-5 years, and one for 6 years onward. A key benefit of CAMBRA is that it forces both the dental professional and the patient (or their caregiver) to consider all the factors relevant to the patient’s risk and disease state, shifting the focus away from the traditional restorative approach of cavitation and restoration toward the cause of the disease and the need to modify the causes wherever possible. It also allows for greater communication and understanding between all members of the dental team. References Category:Dentistry	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
September 1962 The following events occurred in September 1962: September 1, 1962 (Saturday) A 7.1 magnitude earthquake in northwest Iran destroyed 91 villages and killed 12,225 people. The epicenter was near Buin Zahra in the Qazvin Province. In a referendum in Singapore, voters overwhelmingly supported a proposition to merge with the Malayan Federation to become part of Malaysia, with limited autonomy. Out of 561,559 ballots cast, there were 397,626 in favor of making all Singapore residents Malaysian citizens, while allowing independence in matters of labor and education. Another 144,077 ballots were left blank as a protest. Typhoon Wanda struck Hong Kong, killing 134 people and injuring more than 200. Died: Hans-Jürgen von Arnim, 73, former German military leader September 2, 1962 (Sunday) All non-military air travel in the United States and Canada was halted for five hours as part of "Exercise Sky Shield III". The Soviet Union announced that it has signed an agreement on military and industrial assistance with Cuba, following an August meeting in Yalta between Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev and Cuban Economics Minister Che Guevara. The Malta Independence Act was approved by the United Kingdom, providing that the British colony would become its own nation on September 21, 1964. The 1962 UCI Road World Championships took place in Salò, Italy. Nerskogen Chapel in Rennebu, Norway, was consecrated by Bishop Tord Godal. The fourth Taça Brasil football competition began in Brazil. Born: Prachya Pinkaew, Thai film director, producer and screenwriter, in Nakhon Ratchasima Province Died: William R. Blair, Irish-born American physicist and inventor, most famous for the 1937 creation of the "Object Locating System" better known as radar. He was not allowed to apply for a patent until after World War II, and was granted U.S. Patent No. 2,803,819 five years before his death. September 3, 1962 (Monday) Jens Otto Krag succeeded the ailing Viggo Kampmann as Prime Minister of Denmark. Round 1 of the 1962–63 Football League Cup began in England. Died: E. E. Cummings, 67, American poet and author, following a cerebral hemorrhage the night before. Edward Elstin Cummings had written his last words the afternoon before, about delphinium flowers, chopped some wood, sharpened the axe, then collapsed in his home. Franz Schrönghamer-Heimdal, 81, German Catholic, Nazi, and anti-Semitic author September 4, 1962 (Tuesday) The Beatles made their first recording of a song that would become a hit single, "Love Me Do". It would become their fourth #1 song in the United States, in 1964. The closing ceremony of the 1962 Asian Games was held in Jakarta, Indonesia, following an attack on India's embassy by 1,000 rioters. Earlier, Asian Games Federation Vice-President G. D. Sondhi had announced that he was seeking to have the executive council declare that the competition was not part of the name "Asian Games", because AGF members Israel and Nationalist China (Taiwan) had had their teams excluded. Born: Patrice Lagisquet, French rugby player for the France national rugby union team, and assistant coach, in Arcachon Ulla Tørnæs, Danish politician and former Minister for Science, Technology, Information and Higher Education September 5, 1962 (Wednesday) Sputnik 4, a Soviet mockup of a manned spaceship, fell out of orbit after 843 days, having been launched on May 15, 1960. What was believed to be a 20-pound fragment landed at the intersection of North 8th Street and Park Street in Manitowoc, Wisconsin, which was along the path where the craft disintegration took place. "Cedar Hill", the home of Frederick Douglass, located at 1411 W Street S.E. in Washington, D.C., was acquired by the U.S. National Park Service and became "the first black national historic site". On the same date, Park Service acquired "Glenmont", the home (and laboratory) or Thomas Edison in West Orange, New Jersey. The composition of the American penny was changed to 95% copper and 5% zinc, which remained until 1982, when pennies became 97.5% zinc and 2.5% copper. Gilbert Chandler became leader of the Victorian Legislative Council in Australia. Died: Sekarmadji Maridjan Kartosuwirjo, 57, Indonesian Islamic mystic and leader of the Darul Islam rebellion against the Sukarno regime, was executed by a firing squad September 6, 1962 (Thursday) The first of the "Blackfriars Ships" was discovered by archaeologist Peter Marsden in London, buried in the mud of the Thames River and literally "under the shadow of Blackfriars Bridge". With a cofferdam to hold back the waters during low tide, and assistance from the London Fire Brigade, the oak craft was excavated. From pottery shards in the wreckage, Marsden estimated that the ship sank during the 2nd century AD, when Britain was ruled by the Roman Empire. September 7, 1962 (Friday) Robert Sténuit of Belgium was brought back from the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea, where he had become the first person to spend 24 hours on the ocean floor. Sténuit, who was lowered off the coast of France near Cap Ferrat, stayed inside a pressurized airtight cylinder designed by Edwin Link. Scheduled to remain below for two days in a 3.5 meter long cylinder, Sténuit was brought up early, after one day instead, but became the first living person to stay at least 24 hours in an underwater habitat on the ocean floor. Former French Prime Minister Georges Bidault, who had fled from France to Italy after being indicted for anti-government activities, was taken into custody at Rome and ordered to leave Italy, with transportation "to the frontier of his choice". The Buckfastleigh, Totnes and South Devon Railway, in England, was closed by the Western Region of British Railways. Filming of Sergei Bondarchuk's War and Peace began, and would continue for another six years. Died: Karen Blixen, 77, Danish author known by her pen name of Isak Dinesen. As Dinesen, she wrote the memoir Out of Africa in 1937, which would become the basis for the 1985 film of the same name. Morris Louis, 49, American painter September 8, 1962 (Saturday) The Cuban Missile Crisis began as the first consignment of Soviet R-12 (called SS-4 by NATO) offensive missiles arrived in Cuba, on board the freighter Omsk. The medium range ballistic missiles, which could be fitted with nuclear warheads and could strike targets in the U.S. within 2,000 km or 1,300 miles of Cuba. In the Sino-Indian War, two companies of Communist Chinese troops crossed the McMahon Line that had marked the border between India and China, to confront soldiers at the recently established Indian Army border post at Dhola. September 9, 1962 (Sunday) While India's Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru was out of the country for the Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Conference in London, Defence Minister V. K. Krishna Menon gave the order for the Indian Army to "evict" Chinese troops from south of the McMahon Line, even though there were Indian troops north of the line in China. The decision proved to be a disaster. For the first time since Taiwan began U-2 overflights over Mainland China in January, one of the pilots of the Black Cat Squadron, the 35th Reconnaissance Squadron of the Republic of China Air Force, was shot down. Colonel Chen Huai-seng's U-2 plane was struck by an SA-2 Guideline missile near Nanchang, and Colonel Chen did not survive the crash. Another of the Black Cats, Major Wang Cheng-wen, was killed on the same day in an unrelated accidental crash of his U-2 plane. Pravda, the Soviet Communist Party newspaper, published the article "Plans, Profits, and Bonuses", by economics professor Evsei Liberman of the Kharkiv National University of Economics, as the Communist Party introduced discussion of new policies that would become a reality in the 1965 Soviet economic reform. Liberman's proposal was to depart from the Communist system, of measuring factory efficiency by whether a pre-set production quota had been met, and judging performance instead by the amount of the factories' profit, with the goal of increasing the quality and quantity of products. Jack Nicklaus won the first "World Series of Golf", a made-for-television exhibition organized by the NBC television network as a competition between the champions of the four major professional golf tournaments . With a 138 on 36 holes, Nicklaus (winner of the U.S. Open) won the $50,000 first prize by finishing four strokes ahead of ahead of Masters and British Open champion Arnold Palmer and PGA Championship winner Gary Player, who tied at 139. Born: Liza Marklund, Swedish journalist and crime writer, in Pålmark Jack Trudeau, American football player and radio presenter, in Forest Lake, Minnesota Died: Paavo Aaltonen, 42, Finnish gymnast and a three-time Olympic champion September 10, 1962 (Monday) Rod Laver of Australia became only the second person in history to win the "Grand Slam" of tennis, after taking the men's singles title in the U.S. Open, by defeating fellow Queenslander Roy Emerson, 6-2, 6-4, 5-7 and 6-4. Earlier in 1962, he won the Australian Open (January), the French Open (June) and Wimbledon (July). The railroad line between Taunton and Chard Junction, within Somerset, became the first casualty of the "Beeching cuts" after the Chairman of British Railways, Richard Beeching, began shutting down unprofitable railroad lines. For the next 13 years, passenger service would be halted permanently at 29 separate rail routes, a process accelerated after the publishing of the "Beeching Report" on March 27, 1963. An author would note later that 4,500 miles of routes, 2,500 stations, and 67,700 jobs would be ended the closures. Speaking for the U.S. Supreme Court, Justice Hugo Black halted further stays against enforcement of a lower court decision, and ordered the immediate admission of James Meredith as the first African-American student at the then-segregated University of Mississippi. Black wrote that the enrollment of Meredith as a student "can do no appreciable harm to the university". Born: Co Stompé, Dutch darts player and 2010 World Cup of Darts champion; in Amsterdam September 11, 1962 (Tuesday) Weeks before the discovery of nuclear missiles that would lead to the Cuban Missile Crisis, the Soviet Union publicly warned that a U.S. attack on Cuba, or on Soviet ships carrying supplies to the island, would mean war. In a statement read at the Foreign Office in Moscow, the government declared "One cannot now attack Cuba and expect that the aggressor will be free from punishment for this attack. If such an attack is made, this will be the beginning of unleashing war... which might plunge the world into the disaster of a universal world war with the use of thermonuclear weapons." Thurgood Marshall was confirmed by the U.S. Senate as a judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, 353 days after he had been nominated, by a vote of 56-14. Marshall, an African-American who had argued the landmark case of Brown v. Board of Education, and who would later be elevated to the U.S. Supreme Court, had been serving for eleven months after President Kennedy had made an appointment, subject to Senate approval, while Congress was not in session. Big Sur, by Jack Kerouac, was first published. Paul Maher, Jr., Kerouac: His Life and Work (Taylor Trade Publications, 2007) p428 Died: Robert Soblen, 61, an American spy who had been awaiting extradition to the United States to begin a life sentence in prison on conviction of espionage for the Soviet Union, died five days after he lapsed into a coma from a barbiturate overdose. Minutes before he was to board Pan Am Flight 101 from London to New York, Soblen collapsed at the London Airport (now called Heathrow). Although suicide was an obvious motive, investigators speculated that Soblen may have been poisoned by the Soviet KGB in order to prevent him from revealing the identities of other spies. September 12, 1962 (Wednesday) President John F. Kennedy, in a speech at the football stadium of Rice University in Houston, reaffirmed that the U.S. would put a man on the Moon by the end of the decade. On hand were 40,000 people, mostly students. Kennedy had declared, on May 25, 1961, his belief that the nation should commit to a manned moon landing, which would be achieved on July 20, 1969. The 1962 European Athletics Championships opened at the Partizan Stadium in Belgrade. September 13, 1962 (Thursday) Governor of Mississippi Ross Barnett delivered a 20-minute address on statewide television and radio to urge state officials not to obey the federal court order to integrate the University of Mississippi, signing a legal document to implement the legal doctrine of interposition, whereby state law superseded a contrary federal government action. The Governor declared, "We will not drink from the cup of genocide. There is no case in history where the Caucasian race has survived integration." Barnett then made a proclamation, saying "I hereby direct each official to uphold and enforce the laws duly and legally enacted by the legislature of the State of Mississippi, regardless of this unwarranted, illegal and arbitrary usurpation of power," and added, "There is no cause which is more moral and just than the protection of the integrity of our races." In elections in Grenada for the 15-member Legislative Council of the British Crown Colony, Chief Minister Herbert Blaize's Grenada National Party won six of the ten elected seats. September 14, 1962 (Friday) Teledu Cymru (now Wales West and North Television) began broadcasting to the North and West Wales region of Britain, extending the ITV Network to the whole of the United Kingdom. Transmitters were located at Pembroke, Caernarvon and Flint. Frederick S. Modise, a minister of South Africa's Zion Christian Church, was inspired to form a separate Christian denomination while in the Coronation Hospital in Johannesburg for what was diagnosed as an incurable illness. Modise, who would found the International Pentecost Holiness Church of South Africa, would say later that a voice had told him that he would be healed and would be able to return home on October 3. For the remainder of his life, Reverend Modise would minister to other ill patients. Died: William Lindsay Gresham, 53, American novelist and non-fiction author, took an overdose of sleeping pills after having been diagnosed with incurable cancer. September 15, 1962 (Saturday) The first Soviet medium-range missiles were deployed in Cuba, a week after their arrival. On the same day, American electronic intelligence detected that Soviet high-altitude surface-to-air missiles had become operational. An SA-2 (or S-75) Dvina missile had downed the U-2 spy plane flown by Francis Gary Powers in 1960, and the weapons, located near the port of Mariel, were capable of stopping further American attempts to verify a missile buildup. Iran's foreign minister Abbas Aram, and Soviet Union Ambassador Nikolai Pegov, signed an agreement providing that Iran would not allow any foreign nation to set up rocket bases on its soil. Died: William Coblentz, 88, American physicist September 16, 1962 (Sunday) The first semiconductor laser began operation, using a gallium arsenide compound. The initial test was done by Gunter Fenner at the General Electric Research Laboratory in Schenectady, New York. The Italian Grand Prix was held at Monza and won by Graham Hill. Born: Josephus Thimister, Belgian designer, in Maastricht September 17, 1962 (Monday) Nine new American astronauts, officially members of NASA Astronaut Group 2, were introduced at a press conference in Houston. The "New Nine" were Neil Armstrong, Frank Borman, Pete Conrad, Jim Lovell, James McDivitt, Elliot See, Thomas P. Stafford, Ed White and John Young. Armstrong would become the first man to walk on the Moon (Conrad would be third and Young ninth). Borman and Lovell would orbit the Moon; White would be the first American to "walk in space", but would die in the fire of Apollo 1; Young would command the space shuttle's first launched mission, and See would die in a plane crash before he could be launched into space. The final prototype of the Mil Mi-8 helicopter, with 1,500 shaft horsepower engines, was given its initial test flight. The Soviet, and later Russian-built machine would sell more units than any other helicopter in history. Khalid al-Azm became Prime Minister of Syria for the sixth (and last) time, succeeding Bashir al-Azma. The Ba'ath Party would overthrow the Syrian government on March 8, 1963, and al-Azm would be arrested. BBC Wales Today was broadcast for the first time. As of September 17, 2012, it will have been on the air for fifty years as one of the world's longest-running daily television news programmes. Born: BeBe Winans, American gospel singer, in Detroit Paul Feig, American TV director and actor, in Royal Oak, Michigan September 18, 1962 (Tuesday) U.S. Marine Corps helicopters flew a combat mission from Da Nang, South Vietnam, for the first time, airlifting South Vietnamese troops into the hills south of Da Nang. Died: Therese Neumann, 64, German Catholic mystic and stigmatic. Her followers said that she had inedia, the ability to survive without food, and that she had stopped eating in 1926. September 19, 1962 (Wednesday) Prince Saif Al-Islam Muhammad al-Badr became the new Imam of Yemen, following the death of his 71-year-old father, the 71-year-old Imam Ahmad bin Yahya, who was described at his death as "despotic", "the perennial target of assassins", and a man "said to have died from natural causes hastened by old wounds. The following day, al-Badr was proclaimed at the Imam Al-Mansoor Billah. His reign would last for a week before he was overthrown. A full-scale mockup of the Boeing X-20 Dyna-Soar spaceplane was unveiled for reporters in Las Vegas, where the Air Force Association was holding its annual convention, and the six pilots who would be the first to fly the X-20 were introduced. "Technical men familiar with sketches and photographs of the X-20 were startled by the vicious ugliness" of the plane, the Associated Press reported, noting that "With its uptruned wingtips and long snout, the X-20 looks like its designer had somehow managed to cross a manta ray with a shark." "Our Black Dyna-Soar Shows Its Ugly Snout" The Dyna-Soar project, scheduled for a 1965 launch, would be cancelled after cost overruns, and none were ever built. The United States Intelligence Board reviewed all available data on arms shipments to Cuba, and reported to President Kennedy (erroneously) that there was no basis for speculation that nuclear missiles would be placed on the Caribbean island. The first episode of The Virginian, starring James Drury in the title role (the character's real name was never revealed), was shown on NBC as the first 90-minute weekly TV series. It would run nine seasons, ending in 1971. Died: Nikolai Pogodin, 61, Soviet playwright September 20, 1962 (Thursday) Escorted by federal marshals James Meredith arrived at Oxford, Mississippi, in order to become the first African-American to enroll at the University of Mississippi. Governor Ross Barnett personally blocked Meredith's entrance into the admissions building. Voting was conducted for Algeria's first Constituent Assembly since the nation's independence, with voters being given a choice of "yes" or "no" for the 196 candidates from the National Liberation Front, led by Ahmed Ben Bella. The MGB sports car was introduced by MG Cars. Over the next 18 years, 500,000 MGBs would be sold, making it the best selling sports car in history. Died: Robert Colquhoun, 47, Scottish painter, printmaker and theatre set designer Conrad Emil Lambert Helfrich, 75, Dutch naval commander of World War II September 21, 1962 (Friday) Composer Igor Stravinsky returned to Russia after an absence of 48 years, as a guest of the Soviet Union. The UN General Assembly approved a ceasefire agreement between Indonesia and the Netherlands, with UN military observers from six nations monitoring the agreement. A larger UN Security Force would arrive at West Irian on October 3. The British music magazine New Musical Express published a story about two 13-year-old schoolgirls, "Sue" and "Mary", releasing a disc on Decca, and added that "A Liverpool group, The Beatles, have recorded 'Love Me Do' for Parlophone Records, set for October 5 release." Born: Rob Morrow, American actor, in New Rochelle, New York Died: Marie Bonaparte, 80, French author and psychoanalyst September 22, 1962 (Saturday) Autostrada 1, a 125-mile long superhighway between Rome and Naples, was opened to traffic. Travel time between the two Italian cities was cut almost in half, from 3 1/2 hours to two hours. India's Defence Ministry officials met to discuss plans to drive out Chinese troops from the disputed border area at Thang La ridge. Despite the argument by General P.N. Thaper, the Chief of the Army Staff of Indian Army, that Chinese troops at the border outnumbered those from India, General Thaper was given a written order to "prepare and throw out the Chinese as soon as possible". Born: Sirous Ghayeghran, Iranian footballer, in Bandar Anzali (died 1998) September 23, 1962 (Sunday) The Jetsons - George, Jane, Judy and Elroy - were introduced in a primetime cartoon of the same name at 7:30 pm Eastern time on the ABC television network. Despite having only 24 episodes, the science fiction show, about a family living about 100 years in the future, would be rerun for 23 years until new episodes were commissioned for a syndicated revival in 1985. The Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts, including its modern Philharmonic Hall, later Avery Fisher Hall, opened in New York City. The inaugural concert, which was televised live on CBS, featured Leonard Bernstein, the New York Philharmonic Orchestra, and a host of operatic stars such as Eileen Farrell and Robert Merrill. Unbeknownst to the world, Pope John XXIII was diagnosed with terminal stomach cancer. He would pass away on June 3, 1963. The Soviet Union Council of Ministers approved the development of the Global Rocket 1 (GR-1) missile, with the goal of a weapon with a range of 20,000 km or 12,500 miles, capable of hitting a target anywhere on Earth. The project was cancelled in 1964 in favor of the R-36 orbiting missile, designated as the SS-18 by NATO. Flying Tiger Line Flight 923 crashed into the Atlantic Ocean after three of its four engines failed. The L-1049H Super Constellation was on its way from the United States to West Germany when it ditched at sea with 76 people on board, of whom 28 died. The other 48 were rescued by the Swiss ship Celerina. The crash investigation determined that the accident was caused by the failure of engine No. 3, the accidental closing of a shutoff valve on engine No. 1 by the flight engineer, and the failure of engine No. 2 as the plane was proceeding to the nearest available airport. Born: Robert Molle, Canadian athlete who won a silver Olympic medal in wrestling in 1984, and later captained the Winnipeg Blue Bombers of the Canadian Football League; in Saskatoon September 24, 1962 (Monday) Samuel Barber's Piano Concerto, performed by John Browning, premiered at the Philharmonic Hall. Born: Ally McCoist, Scottish footballer, manager and television personality, in Bellshill Sergey Schepkin, Russian pianist, in St. Petersburg September 25, 1962 (Tuesday) Sonny Liston and Floyd Patterson fought for the world heavyweight boxing title in Chicago. Liston made history by being the first man ever to knock out a reigning heavyweight champion in the first round, downing the titleholder in 2 minutes and 6 seconds. In Yemen, Abdullah as-Sallal launched a coup d'état aimed at the overthrow of the new Imam, Muhammad al-Badr. Sallal's troops shelled the royal palace, thought they had buried the Imam in the rubble, and proclaimed his death on Aden radio. But al-Badr had escaped and would attempt a rebellion against the newly proclaimed Ferhat Abbas was elected the President of Algeria by the new Constitutional Assembly, which formally proclaimed the foundation of the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria during their opening session. September 26, 1962 (Wednesday) The Beverly Hillbillies, a television situation comedy about a poor Ozark Mountains family who became multi-millionaires after oil was found on their land, began a nine-year run on the CBS network, with the first episode premiering at 9:00 pm Eastern time. UPI television critic Rick Du Brow wrote the next day that the series "is going to be a smash hit" in that it was similar in premise to TV program The Real McCoys, but added that "The nicest thing I can say... is that it is really not like 'The Real McCoys'... The McCoys are a civilized rural clan; these new hillbillies make L'il Abner and his mob look like a bunch of sophisticates Within three weeks, it was the most-watched series on American television, and stayed at #1 in its first two seasons. The show had 274 episodes, with the final one broadcast on March 23, 1971. A flash flood in the Catalan region of Spain killed 445 people, in Barcelona and in the nearby villages of Sabadell and Terrassa. As the North Yemen Civil War progressed, all areas of the Yemeni city of San'a were in the hands of the new Yemen government, led by Abdullah as-Sallal, and he proclaimed the Yemen Arab Republic. Born: Dragan Mance, Serbian footballer, in Belgrade (died 1985) Mark Haddon, English author of children's books, in Northampton September 27, 1962 (Thursday) Rachel Carson's book Silent Spring was released, giving rise to the modern environmentalist movement. The 25th Canadian Parliament opened its first and only session, adjourning on February 6, 1963. September 28, 1962 (Friday) Prime Minister Ahmed Ben Bella founded the first government of independent Algeria. Yemeni radio announced the death of former ruler, Muhammad al-Badr. Al-Badr had, in fact, escaped the country and was living in Saudi Arabia. Born: Fred Merkel, American motorcycle racing champion, in Stockton, California September 29, 1962 (Saturday) The Canadian Alouette 1, the first satellite built outside the United States and the Soviet Union, was launched from Vandenberg AFB in California. My Fair Lady ended its Broadway run after more than six years and 2,717 performances, a Broadway record that would stand until surpassed later by Hello, Dolly! In order to prevent the University of Mississippi from making any further efforts to prevent James Meredith from becoming the first African-American to enroll there, President Kennedy issued a proclamation commanding all persons engaged in the obstruction of the laws and the orders of the courts to "cease and desist therefrom and to disperse and retire peaceably forthwith", citing his authority under 10 U.S.C. § 332, § 333, and § 334 to use the militia or the armed forces to suppress any insurrection, domestic violence, unlawful combination, or conspiracy." Reconnaissance aircraft indicated the formation of a tropical depression to the east of the Lesser Antilles, which would later develop into Hurricane Daisy. Died: Muhammad VIII al-Amin, 85, last Bey of Tunisia. September 30, 1962 (Sunday) James Meredith was escorted by a team of United States Marshals to the campus of the University of Mississippi for enrollment as the first African-American student at "Ole Miss". That evening, at 8:15 pm, rioting broke out as a mob joined students on the campus, and the 4,000 troops of the 108th Armored Cavalry Regiment of the Mississippi National Guard was "federalized" under the command of Brigadier General Charles Billingslea of the U.S. Army to restore order, taking the side of the United States against the State of Mississippi. Two people were killed by unknown persons. Paul Guihard, a British reporter on assignment for the Agence France-Presse, was shot in the back, and a local jukebox repairman, George Gunter, was shot in the head. The CBS Radio Network broadcast the final episodes of Suspense and Yours Truly, Johnny Dollar, marking the end of the Golden Age of Radio. In the final scheduled games of the 1962 Major League Baseball season, the San Francisco Giants (100-61) defeated the Houston Colt .45s, 2-1, while the Los Angeles Dodgers (101-60) lost to the St. Louis Cardinals, 1-0, giving both the Giants and Dodgers identical 101-61 records and first place in the National League, and forcing a playoff series between the two. The Dodgers, who had had a two-game lead with only four games left in the season, went on to lose the playoff to the Giants, who would go on to the 1962 World Series. The National Farm Workers of America, which would later merge with the Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee to form the United Farm Workers of America, was founded in Fresno, California by Cesar Chavez. References 1962 1962-09 1962-09	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Postoperative hematoma Postoperative hematomas are a cutaneous condition characterized by a collection of blood below the skin, and result as a complication following surgery. See also Subungual hematoma List of cutaneous conditions References Category:Skin conditions resulting from physical factors	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Monte Castello di Vibio Monte Castello di Vibio is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Perugia in the Italian region Umbria, located about 30 km south of Perugia. Monte Castello di Vibio borders the following municipalities: Fratta Todina, San Venanzo, Todi. It is a medieval, 15th century walled village of central Italy and sits in the Umbrian Hillside above the Tiber Valley. home to the Montecastelesi people. The surrounding landscape is quilted with vineyards, olive groves and sunflower fields, and stitched in with rows of cypresses and umbrella pines. Name "Monte Castello" or Mountain Castle refers to the medieval fort structure of that villages that was built in the Umbrian hillside, while "Vibio" was added to the name in 1863 by Royal Decree of the King of Italy, Vittorio Emanuele II to distinguish it from other municipalities after the Unification of Italy. "Vibio" likely comes from an ancient, noble family of Perugia, Colonia Vibia Augusta Perusia and Roman emperor Gaius Vibius Trebonianus Gallus. Places of Interest Host to a mix of medieval and renaissance buildings, landmarks and monuments that have been preserved over the centuries. Visitors can enjoy scenic views throughout the village and access to hiking trails within the surrounding valley. Notable sites include: Teatro Della Concordia Built in 1809, Teatro della Concordia is the smallest theatre all'italiana in the world and was designed in the shape of a bell. Church of Santa Illuminata Also known as "The Crucifix" because of the 15th century wooden statue that resides in it. Constructed on a small, pre-existing church in 1839 by the Holy See.The vault was frescoed by Luigi Agretti, who decorated the Teatro Della Concordia in 1892. Church of the Madonna delle Carceri Ancient stone church with fresco decorated interior, erected in 1505 under the name of Madonna delle Grazie. Church of the Saints Filippo and Giacomo Small neoclassical style church erected in 1808 by Mons. Francesco Gazzoli, as the site of the old sacristy Oratorio del Pio Suffragio. It contains three naves and a semicircular apse. The interior of the church is painted by artists Nicola Benvenuti and Mario Barveris. Porta Tramontana and Torre di Porta Maggio A medieval towers and the two main gates of the wall surrounding the village. Part of the Historical Museum, includes artifacts and heirlooms such as weapons, friezes, noble coats of arms, cadastral maps and other archeological finds from the Roman period. The restored interior and staircase allow access to panoramic views of the Mid-Tiber valley. Piazza Vittorio Emanuele Scenic vantage point that gives panoramic views of southern Umbria, as well as the Lazio and Abruzzo mountains. Hiking Trails Situated above the Tiver Valley, Monte Castello di Vibio has access to the Sistema Territoriale di Interesse Naturalistico Ambientale (S.T.I.N.A.), which includes three protected natural areas in the mountain community of Monte Peglia and Selva di Meana, as well as the Middle Tiber Valley River Park. International Center for the Arts Monte Castello di Vibio is home to the International Center for the Arts. Founded in 1994, the institution hosts artists, researchers, musicians and academics during the summer and fall months each year. Programming includes retreats, workshops, sommelier courses, festivals, performances and other cultural programming to visitors. They have welcomed some of the most respected artists and thinkers in the world, including William Bailey, Andrew Forge, Ruth Miller, Sandro Chia, John Spike and Wayne Thiebaud. Olive Oil One of the most appreciated products of Monte Castello di Vibio is olive oil. In fact, this land is inserted in "Extra virgin olive oil DOP Umbria" and the head office is in Trevi. The most part of Montecastello’s hills, from century traditions, are cultivated with care and passion with olive tree. This tree produces a quality olive oil and is a pleasure feature of landscape. References External links Official website Thayer's Gazetteer International School of Painting, Drawing, and Sculpture Category:Hilltowns in Umbria Category:Cities and towns in Umbria	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Lewknor Lewknor is a village and civil parish about south of Thame in Oxfordshire.The civil parish includes the villages of Postcombe and South Weston. The 2011 Census recorded the parish's population as 663. Early history Iron Age and Roman era Two ancient roads pass through the parish: the ancient Icknield Way at the foot of the Chiltern Hills escarpment and The Ridgeway along the top. Both have been roads since at least the Iron Age. Early in the 1970s archaeological investigations prior to building of the M40 motorway through the parish found traces of a Romano-British settlement near the village and a Romano-British cemetery near Icknield Way. Saxon era and Middle Ages Lewknor is a Saxon spring line settlement near the foot of the Chilterns chalk escarpment. The toponym is derived from the Old English name of its owner Leofeca, recorded in a lawsuit in AD 990. In the 11th century the manor of Luvechenora was held by Edith of Wessex, who in 1045 became queen consort of Edward the Confessor. The manor then passed to a Danish thegn of King Edward called Tovi, who bequeathed it to Abingdon Abbey. For most of the Middle Ages the abbey leased out Lewknor manor, until the abbey was suppressed in 1538 in the dissolution of the monasteries. All Souls College, Oxford had become a major landowner in the parish before the end of the 17th century and has remained so until modern times. Church Farm has a timber-framed barn that is mid- or late-14th-century. There have been suggestions that it is a former Mediaeval hall-house, but they have been disputed. It is a Grade I listed building. Early in the 1970s archaeological investigations prior to building of the M40 motorway through the parish found traces of a large Mediaeval farmhouse high in the Chilterns in the east of the parish, on the alignment onto which the Christmas Common road was to be diverted. Parish church Documentary and architectural evidence indicates the Church of England parish church was built some time after 1146 and before 1200. It was dedicated to Saint Mary but at some date was rededicated to Saint Margaret. It was originally a cruciform building with a chancel, nave, north and south chapels and a west tower. The chancel arch, north chapel, two lancet windows in the nave, the font and some other features survive from this time. Early in the 14th century the building was enlarged in the Decorated Gothic style with a south aisle that absorbed the south chapel, and the chancel was enlarged and received new windows including the present east window. In the chancel is a memorial effigy of a lady that also dates from the 14th century. In the 15th century a new Perpendicular Gothic west tower was built. In 1553 the tower was recorded as having four bells and a Sanctus bell. The four bells were replaced by a ring of five cast by Ellis I Knight of Reading, Berkshire in 1636. The Sanctus bell was replaced with a bell cast in 1744, possibly by Henry III Bagley of Chacombe, Northamptonshire, who at the time had a foundry in Witney. In 1950 the ring was increased to six with the addition of a new treble bell cast by Mears and Stainbank of the Whitechapel Bell Foundry. In 1845 All Souls College paid for the chancel to be restored. In 1863 the nave was restored, re-roofed and had two more windows inserted under the direction of the Gothic Revival architect Arthur Blomfield. Two windows in the chancel have Pre-Raphaelite stained glass that Pevsner and Sherwood attribute to William Morris. The church is a Grade I listed building. Social and economic history Lewknor was a strip parish that historically included three townships or divisions: Lewknor, Postcombe and Lewknor Uphill. Lewknor Uphill consisted of three detached parts in the Chiltern Hills: Ackhampstead, Cadmore End and Studdridge. Ackhampstead was transferred to Buckinghamshire by the Counties (Detached Parts) Act 1844. Cadmore End became a separate parish in 1852 and Studdridge was transferred to Stokenchurch, but both places remained in Oxfordshire until they were transferred to Buckinghamshire in 1896. Inclosure An open field system prevailed in the parish until the Georgian era. The first Inclosure Bill for the parish was moved in Parliament in 1792 but the Earl of Macclesfield opposed it and it was defeated. A second Lewknor and Postcombe Bill was passed as an Inclosure Act in 1810 and was put into effect in 1815. School In 1836 All Souls College paid for a village school to be built next to the churchyard. This became a National School. In 1929 it was reorganised as a junior school, and senior pupils from the village were thereafter schooled at Chinnor. From 1859 the school was vested in the Vicar and churchwardens, and since 1950 it has been a voluntary controlled school. Communications In 1869–72 the Watlington and Princes Risborough Railway was built through the parish. It ran right past the village but the nearest station it provided was away at . The Great Western Railway took over the line in 1883 and built right next to the village in 1906. British Railways withdrew passenger services and closed the halt in 1957. Aston Rowant remained open for freight only until 1961, when BR withdrew this service and removed the track south of Chinnor cement works. Early in the 1920s the Watlington — Chinnor road through the village was classified B4009. In 1974 the M40 motorway was built through the parish, passing just east of the village on an embankment. A bridge carries the embankment over the former railway trackbed, which has been reused to divert the B4009 to bypass the village. M40 junction 6 between the motorway and the B road was formed here. South of the village the motorway climbs the Chiltern escarpment in a cutting up to deep with steep chalk faces. The minor road linking Christmas Common with the A40 road near Stokenchurch was diverted slightly eastwards where is now carried across the cutting on a bridge formed of a single concrete arch wide. Lewknor Turn on the M40 is a stop on the Oxford Tube coach service, which provides the village with frequent non-stop coach services to Oxford and London. Air crash On 31 March 1944 a Handley Page Halifax Mk III bomber aircraft, LW579 of No. 51 Squadron RAF, was returning from the Nuremberg Raid when it crashed in Cowleaze Wood, in the Chiltern Hills about southeast of Lewknor village, killing all seven of its crew. LW579 was based at RAF Snaith in the East Riding of Yorkshire and seems to have been at least off course. It was a clear, moonlit night, and it is not clear why the Halifax lost height and crashed into the hill. There is a monument in Cowleaze Wood to the crew of LW579. In 2015 BBC Radio Oxford broadcast a documentary about the crash, the crew and some of their surviving relatives. Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty In 1965 the Chilterns including the escarpment and hills in the parish were declared an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. On the escarpment on either side of the motorway is Aston Rowant National Nature Reserve, which despite its name is partly in Lewknor parish. The reserve has beech woodlands, chalk grassland supporting diverse rare plants and butterflies, and is one of the best places in England to see red kites. Amenities Lewknor has a 17th-century pub, the Leathern Bottle, controlled by Brakspear Brewery. References Sources and further reading External links Lewknor Parish Council Category:Civil parishes in Oxfordshire Category:Villages in Oxfordshire	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
R113 road (Ireland) The R113 road is a regional road in Ireland. Located in Dublin, it forms a semi-orbital route around the south of the city. As of 2007, clockwise, it starts at the N31 at Temple Hill in Blackrock and ends at a junction with the N4 at Palmerstown. The road is one of the busiest Regional Roads in Ireland. The Liffey Valley Shopping Centre, and The Square, Tallaght, two of the busiest shopping centres in Ireland, are both located just off the route. Both the Fonthill Road (in Lucan/Clondalkin) and Belgard Road (in Tallaght) sections also have a number of large retail outlets. The Belgard Road section, running between the N7 at Newlands Cross and the N81 at Tallaght, is a standard dual carriageway and the main thoroughfare in the Tallaght area. Route The official description of the R113 from the Roads Act 1993 (Classification of Regional Roads) Order 2012 reads: R113: Fonthill - Blackrock, County Dublin Between its junction with N4 at Fonthill and its junction with N7 at Newland's Cross via Fonthill Road North, Nangor Road and Fonthill Road South all in the county of South Dublin and between its junction with N7 at Newland's Cross and its junction with N81 at Tallaght Bypass via Belgard Road and Belgard Road Extension all in the county of South Dublin and between its junction with N81 at Tallaght Bypass in the county of South Dublin and its junction with N31 at Leopardstown Road in the county of DunLaoghaire - Rathdown via Old Bawn Road, Killininney Road, Saint Colmcille's Way, Scholarstown Road, Ballyboden Way, Taylor's Lane and Grange Road in the county of South Dublin: Grange Road, Brohenfield Road, Motorway Service Roads and Murphystown in the county of Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown and between its junction with N31 at Brewery Road and its junction with N31 at Temple Road Blackrock via Leopardstown Road, Newtownpark Avenue, Stradbrook Road and Temple Hill all in the county of Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown As of April 2018 based and based on the Ordnance Survey map of Dublin (Sixth Edition, updated Sept 2005) and the 2006 legislation defining a new route, the former R113 route was changed to: Start at Temple Hill in Blackrock at its junction with the N31. Top of Temple Hill fork to Stradbrook Road. Turn right up into Newtownpark Avenue. Up Newtownpark Avenue Cross the N11 at White's Cross and proceed along Leopardstown Road to the junction at Brewery Road (N31)/Sandyford Industrial Estate. Pass under the Luas green line and follow dual-carriageway (on the N31/Leopardstown Road) to J14 of the M50. Cross the M50 and follow the western end of the Leopardstown Road to a new junction at Hillcrest/Kilgobbin Rd. Goes sharp right at Hillcrest down the new Kilgobbin Road Extension (in the thumbnail), to a rotary junction over the M50 (J13 East). Follows two parallel roads either side of the M50 (two-lane one-way roads, in effect a dual carriageway with the M50 in the median) to a dumbbell junction under the M50 (J13 West). From here it goes west along Brehon Fields Road (part of the Green Route) and then follows Grange Road past Marlay Park; on to Taylor's Lane as far as Ballyboden roundabout, where it intersects the R115 Continues west along Ballyboden Way; Templeroan; Scholarstown Road to cross the M50 again at Junction 12 (Knocklyon). Continues west along St. Collumkilles Rd; Scholarstown Link Rd to a junction with the R114 (Firhouse/Bohernabreena Roads). Veers north along the Old Bawn Road and joins the N81 in Tallaght Town centre. After following the N81 west for 0.5 km it branches north along the Belgard Road dual-carriageway as far as Newlands Cross. It passes under the N7, and follows the Fonthill Rd north west bypassing central Clondalkin. Clondalkin/Fonthill railway station is located on R113 at this point. It crosses the R134 at a double roundabout junction and follows the Fonthill Road North for before terminating at a grade separated junction (junction 2) with the N4 at Quarryvale/Liffey Valley Shopping Centre. Plans to carry the road north, across the River Liffey, have been abandoned. See also Roads in Ireland National primary road National secondary road Regional road References Category:Regional roads in the Republic of Ireland Category:Roads in County Dublin	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Innocents (Only Living Witness album) Innocents is the second and final album by Boston-based band Only Living Witness. Release history Innocents was released on February 27, 1996, on CD and audio cassette, while the band broke up in 1995. CD version Audio cassette version References Category:1996 albums	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Steve Suissa Steve Suissa (born 7 December 1970) is a French film director and actor. His 2000 film Taking Wing was entered into the 22nd Moscow International Film Festival where he won the award for Best Director. Selected filmography Taking Wing (2000) A Man and His Dog (2009) Turning Tide (2013) References External links Category:1970 births Category:Living people Category:French film directors Category:French male film actors Category:Male actors from Paris Category:Alumni of the Cours Florent	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Buddy Alliston Vaughn Samuel "Buddy" Alliston Jr. (born December 14, 1933) is a former professional American football player who played the positions of guard and linebacker. He played college football at the University of Mississippi before being drafted by the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL) in the 15th round of the 1956 NFL Draft. Alliston first played professionally in the Canadian Football League (CFL) with the Winnipeg Blue Bombers. In 1956, he was the runner-up for the CFL's Most Outstanding Lineman Award. After years of military service, he played in the American Football League (AFL) for the Denver Broncos in 1960. Early career Alliston played high school football at Florence High School as a fullback. He also contributed on special teams, blocking 21 punts over the course of his high school career. In 1951, he blocked five punts in a single game. In college, he played for the Ole Miss Rebels from 1952 to 1955. As a rookie in 1952, Alliston played as a guard on Ole Miss' rookie "B team". He went on to play as both a left and right guard for the Rebels in the following seasons. In 1954, Alliston became known as a quick player who was able to easily tackle opponents on the defensive side of the ball. By his senior season, Ole Miss head coach Johnny Vaught considered Alliston to be a contender for All-American honors and the Associated Press expected him to be one of "the best guards of 1955". The Associated Press went on the recognize Alliston several times throughout the season on their "SEC checklist of stars today". At the conclusion of the season, Alliston received a variety of honors, including second-team All-SEC and an honorable mention on the All-American team. He was also selected as an honorable mention for both best offensive and best defensive guard in his conference among a poll of SEC coaches. He was voted "Colonel Rebel" by the Ole Miss student body in December 1955. The Ole Miss Rebels defeated the TCU Horned Frogs 14–13 in the 1956 Cotton Bowl Classic, with Alliston being named the best lineman of the game. Professional career The Green Bay Packers of the National Football League selected Alliston in the 15th round of the 1956 NFL Draft with the 176th overall pick, but he didn't play for the Packers. Instead, Alliston played for the Winnipeg Blue Bombers of the Canadian Football League in all sixteen regular season games during their 1956 season, recording two interceptions and a fumble recovery. He was named a Western Interprovincial Football Union all-star at the offensive guard position during his rookie season. Alliston was also named a runner-up for the CFL's Most Outstanding Lineman Award. After his rookie season in the CFL, he took a break from professional football to join the United States Air Force. While with the Air Force, he was a player on the Eglin Air Force Base team which won the 1958 Shrimp Bowl against the Brooke Army Medical Center. Alliston rejoined the Blue Bombers in 1959 but played in only one game. In 1960, Alliston initially joined the Oakland Raiders in their training camp before moving to the Denver Broncos. Alliston played in eleven regular season games for the Broncos as a linebacker. He retired after the 1960 season. References External links Category:1933 births Category:Living people Category:American football fullbacks Category:American football guards Category:American football linebackers Category:American players of Canadian football Category:Canadian football guards Category:Denver Broncos (AFL) players Category:Oakland Raiders players Category:Ole Miss Rebels football players Category:Winnipeg Blue Bombers players Category:Sportspeople from Jackson, Mississippi Category:Players of American football from Mississippi	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Bagratid dynasties The Bagratid dynasties or the Bagratids (Bagrat + Classic Greek: - id, the children) refers to: Bagratid dynasty of Armenia, or Bagratuni Bagratid dynasty of Georgia, or Bagrationi See also Origin of the Bagratid dynasties	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Tantawangalo Tantawangalo is a locality in The Bega Valley Shire and the Eden-Monaro federal electorate. At the , it had a population of 156. It contains a significant portion of the South East Forests National Park and borders onto the Tantawangalo State Forest. It contains the scenic Six Mile Creek Campground. References Category:Localities in New South Wales Category:Bega Valley Shire	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Leo G. Carroll Leo Gratten Carroll (25 October 1886 – 16 October 1972) was an English actor. He was best known for his roles in six Hitchcock films including Spellbound, Strangers on a Train and North by Northwest, and in three television series, Topper, Going My Way, and The Man from U.N.C.L.E.. He is name checked in the song Science Fiction/Double Feature from The Rocky Horror Show with the line "I knew Leo G. Carroll Was over a barrel". Early life Carroll was born in Weedon Bec, Northamptonshire, to William and Catherine Carroll. His Roman Catholic parents named him after then-Pope Leo XIII. In 1897, his family lived in York, where his Irish-born father was a foreman in an ordnance store. In the 1901 Census for West Ham, Essex, his occupation is listed as "wine trade clerk". In the 1911 census, he is living at the same address and described as a "dramatic agent". Stage career Carroll made his stage debut in 1912. His acting career was on hold during the First World War, when he served in the British Army. He then performed in London and on Broadway in New York. His American stage debut came in The Vortex. In 1933, he was a member of the Manhattan Theatre Repertory Company in the inaugural season of the Ogunquit Playhouse in Ogunquit, Maine. During 1933-34 Carroll had the role of "impeccable valet" Trump in the Broadway play The Green Bay Tree (which has no relation to the novel by Louis Bromfield apart from the shared title), and in 1941 starred with Vincent Price and Judith Evelyn in Patrick Hamilton's Angel Street (better known as Gaslight), which ran for three years at the Golden Theatre on West 45th Street in New York City. After the production closed, he starred in the title role in J. P. Marquand's The Late George Apley. In 1947 he starred in John Van Druten's The Druid Circle at the Morosco Theatre. Films and television Carroll, who had moved to Hollywood, made his film debut in Sadie McKee (1934). He often played doctors or butlers, but he made appearances as Marley's ghost in A Christmas Carol (1938) and as Joseph in Wuthering Heights (1939). In the original version of Father of the Bride (1950), he played an unctuous wedding caterer. In the 1951 film The Desert Fox: The Story of Rommel he played a sympathetic German Fieldmarshal Gerd von Rundstedt, presenting him as a tragic, resigned figure completely disillusioned with Hitler. Carroll is perhaps best known for his roles in six Alfred Hitchcock films: Rebecca (1940), Suspicion (1941), Spellbound (1945), The Paradine Case (1947), Strangers on a Train (1951) and North by Northwest (1959). He appeared in more Hitchcock films than anyone other than Clare Greet (1871–1939) (who appeared in seven) and Hitchcock himself, whose cameos were a trademark. As with earlier roles, he was often cast as doctors or other authority figures (such as the spymaster "Professor" in North by Northwest). In addition to appearing as Rev. Mosby with actress Hayley Mills in The Parent Trap (1961), Carroll is remembered for his role as the frustrated banker haunted by the ghosts of George and Marion Kerby in the television series Topper (1953–1956), with costars Anne Jeffreys, Robert Sterling and Lee Patrick. He appeared as the older Father Fitzgibbon from 1962 to 1963 in ABC's Going My Way, a series about two Roman Catholic priests at St. Dominic's parish in New York City. In 1963-1964, he portrayed John Miller in Channing on ABC. Carroll subsequently starred as spymaster Alexander Waverly on The Man from U.N.C.L.E. (1964–1968). Several U.N.C.L.E. films were derived from the series, and a spin-off television series, The Girl from U.N.C.L.E. in 1966. He was one of the first actors to appear in two different television series as the same character. Leo G. Carroll is mentioned in "The Rocky Horror Picture Show" opening song "Science Fiction, Double Feature". Death In 1972, Carroll died in Hollywood of cancer-induced pneumonia. He is interred at the Grand View Memorial Park Cemetery in Glendale, California. Selected filmography Sadie McKee (1934) as Phelps Finnegan Stamboul Quest (1934) as Kruger, #117 aka Bertram Church (uncredited) The Barretts of Wimpole Street (1934) as Dr. Ford-Waterlow Outcast Lady (1934) as Dr. Masters Clive of India (1935) as Mr. Manning The Right to Live (1935) as Dr. Harvester Murder on a Honeymoon (1935) as Joseph B. Tate The Casino Murder Case (1935) as Smith The Man I Marry (1936) as Mr. Furthermore, (uncredited) Captains Courageous (1937) as Burns (uncredited) London by Night (1937) as Correy A Christmas Carol (1938) as Marley's Ghost Bulldog Drummond's Secret Police (1939) as Henry Seaton Wuthering Heights (1939) as Joseph The Private Lives of Elizabeth and Essex (1939) as Sir Edward Coke Tower of London (1939) as Lord Hastings Charlie Chan in City in Darkness (1939) as Louis Santelle Charlie Chan's Murder Cruise (1940) as Professor Gordon Waterloo Bridge (1940) as Policeman (uncredited) Scotland Yard (1941) as Craven This Woman Is Mine (1941) as Angus 'Sandy' McKay Bahama Passage (1941) as Delbridge The House on 92nd Street (1945) as Col. Hammersohn Time Out of Mind (1947) as Capt. Fortune Song of Love (1947) as Professor Wieck Forever Amber (1947) as Matt Goodgroome So Evil My Love (1948) as Jarvis Enchantment (1948) as Proutie Father of the Bride (1950) as Mr. Massoula The Happy Years(1950) as The Old Roman The First Legion (1951) as Father Rector Paul Duquesne The Desert Fox (1951) as Field Marshal Gerd von Rundstedt The Snows of Kilimanjaro (1952) as Uncle Bill The Bad and the Beautiful (1952) as Henry Whitfield Treasure of the Golden Condor (1953) as Raoul Dondel Rogue's March (1953) as Col. Henry Lenbridge Young Bess (1953) as Mr. Mums We're No Angels (1955) as Felix Ducotel Tarantula (1955) as Prof. Gerald Deemer The Swan (1956) as Caesar The Parent Trap (1961) as Rev. Dr. Mosby One Plus One (1961) as Professor Logan The Prize (1963) as Count Bertil Jacobsson That Funny Feeling (1965) as O'Shea From Nashville with Music (1968) as Arnold With Alfred Hitchcock Rebecca (1940) as Dr. Baker Suspicion (1941) as Captain Melbeck Spellbound (1945) as Dr. Murchison The Paradine Case (1947) as Sir Joseph Strangers on a Train (1951) as Sen. Morton North by Northwest (1959) as the Professor As Alexander Waverly (The Man from U.N.C.L.E.) The Vulcan Affair (1964) (S1/Ep01) The Spy with My Face (1965) One Spy Too Many (1966) One of Our Spies Is Missing (1966) The Spy in the Green Hat (1967) The Karate Killers (1967) The Helicopter Spies (1968) How to Steal the World (1968) References External links Category:1886 births Category:1972 deaths Category:English expatriates in the United States Category:English people of Irish descent Category:English male stage actors Category:English male film actors Category:English male television actors Category:People from Weedon Bec Category:Deaths from cancer in California Category:Deaths from pneumonia Category:Infectious disease deaths in California Category:20th-century English male actors Category:Male actors from Los Angeles Category:British Army soldiers Category:British military personnel of World War I Category:British expatriate male actors in the United States Category:Actors from Northamptonshire Category:Burials at Grand View Memorial Park Cemetery	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Soulfly Soulfly is an American heavy metal band formed in Phoenix, Arizona in 1997. Soulfly is led by former Sepultura frontman Max Cavalera, who formed the band after he left the Brazilian group in 1996. To date the band has released eleven studio albums, one tour EP, twenty-three singles, one video album, and twelve music videos. Their debut album, Soulfly, was released on April 21, 1998, while their most recent album, Ritual, was released on October 19, 2018. Soulfly incorporates many styles of metal with Brazilian tribal and world music. The original lyrical content revolved around spirituality, political and religious themes, with later albums encompassing other themes including war, violence, aggression, slavery, hatred and anger. All of their first six studio albums debuted on the United States Billboard 200, with a peak position at number 32 for their second album, Primitive. Soulfly has been certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America. The band has gone through numerous line-up changes. Cavalera has been the only constant member while guitarist Marc Rizzo has however appeared on all but their first three albums. In an interview with Max in 2015, it is revealed that the band's name was taken from the song "Headup" by Deftones, a song that Max collaborated on. History Self-titled album and Primitive (1998–2001) Cavalera was troubled during the recording of Soulfly's self-titled album, and on the band's website he said that he founded the band "with the idea of combined sounds and spiritual beliefs". As well as leaving Sepultura, one of the world's most renowned thrash/groove metal bands, he had to deal with the death of his stepson and best friend Dana Wells. The self-titled debut album was released in April 1998, and reached number 79 on the Billboard 200. In addition to the core band, which at the time consisted of Lúcio Maia (Jackson Bandeira) on guitar, Cello Dias on bass, and Roy Mayorga on drums, Soulfly featured Burton C. Bell, Dino Cazares and Christian Olde Wolbers from Fear Factory, Fred Durst and DJ Lethal from Limp Bizkit, Chino Moreno from Deftones, Benji Webbe formerly of Welsh band Dub War and now a member of Skindred, Eric Bobo from Cypress Hill, Jorge do Peixe and Gilmar Bola Oito from Chico Science & Nação Zumbi, and Mario C.. The album was recorded at Indigo Ranch Studios in Malibu, California, and was overseen by producer Ross Robinson. In addition to fronting Soulfly, Cavalera also branched out into other areas not usually associated with heavy metal musicians. He became a speaker at music conventions, appearing at CMJ's New Music Marathon in New York and Holland's Crossing Border Festival, both in late 1997, and sang a TV commercial for Sprite in Brazil. After recording the first album, Jackson Bandeira returned to Brazil with Nação Zumbi and was replaced by Logan Mader of Machine Head for the live tour that followed. Soulfly played on the 1998 Ozzfest mainstage alongside Ozzy Osbourne, Megadeth, and Tool, and played small club tours around the world with bands such as System of a Down and Snot. After the world tour in support of Soulfly, Logan Mader was replaced by Mikey Doling who had just been displaced by the breakup of Snot. A variety of influences, including nu metal, appeared on 2000s Primitive, and it was the most successful album by the band in the U.S., reaching number 32 on the Billboard 200 and number 11 on the independent charts. Joe Nunez, from Chicago, replaced Roy Mayorga on drums for Primitive. The album featured a number of guest appearances as well, including Corey Taylor of Slipknot and Stone Sour, Sean Lennon, Chino Moreno of Deftones, Tom Araya of Slayer, Grady Avenell of Will Haven, Cutthroat Logic, Babatunde and Asha Rabouin and was produced by Toby Wright. In addition, artwork was created by longtime Bob Marley artist Neville Garrick. The release of the album was followed by world tours with the likes of Pantera, Morbid Angel and Ozzfest. 3, new line-up and Prophecy (2002–2004) In late 2001, Joe Nunez left Soulfly to join Stripping the Pistol, saying that it was "time for [him] to move on". Roy Mayorga departed from his band Medication to rejoin Soulfly for the recording of their third album. 3 was the first Soulfly album which was produced by Max Cavalera. Other musicians performing on 3 included Cristian Machado of Ill Niño, and guitarist Wiley Arnet and drummer Greg Hall, and Max's stepson Richie Cavalera. The album reached number 46 on the Billboard 200 in that year. After the release of 3 on June 25, 2002, Soulfly toured throughout Europe and North America with bands such as Slayer, In Flames, God Forbid, and Will Haven. In September 2003, after the world tour for 3, Marcelo Dias was fired from the band, and Mikey Doling and Roy Mayorga both left the band in protest, leaving Cavalera as the sole remaining member for a period of three weeks. Cavalera recruited a new lineup in October 2003 for the recording of Soulfly's Prophecy album. Joe Nunez returned on drums with New Jersey native Marc Rizzo, formerly of Ill Niño, on guitar and Kentucky native Bobby Burns, formerly of Primer 55, on bass. David Ellefson, formerly of Megadeth at the time, also played bass on several of the album's songs. Max Cavalera explained on the band's website that he wanted to use different musicians as part of the group for each album. "This is an approach that I've wanted to do for a while. I never wanted Soulfly to be a band like Metallica, with the same four guys. On every Soulfly album, we've changed the line up and it will probably continue that way. In order to do that, I had to start from the inside out and bring in people who caught my attention, that I had never played with before, and create this." While a member of Sepultura, Cavalera had shown an interest in world music as shown in Roots, featuring elements of the music of Brazil's indigenous peoples. This approach continued on the Prophecy album, with Cavalera traveling to Serbia to record with traditional musicians. On the song "Moses", he worked with Serbian band Eyesburn, which also features reggae influences from one of his heroes, Bob Marley. Other tracks on the album feature instruments from the Middle Ages, sheepskin bagpipes, and Serbian Gypsies. Danny Marianino and Asha Rabouin returned as guest vocalists on Prophecy, as well, and Max Cavalera produced the album. Prophecy was released on March 30, 2004 and in April of that year had reached a peak of number 82 on the Billboard 200, although it has reached the top 50 of the Australian album charts. Soulfly followed the album release with tours supporting Black Sabbath and Morbid Angel. In February 2005, Soulfly released their first DVD, entitled The Song Remains Insane. This was a biography of the band, containing live footage from all over the globe, interviews, and all of the band's music videos. In August 2005, Roadrunner Records reissued their self-titled first album as part of the label's 25th anniversary celebration. Dark Ages (2005–2007) In December 2004, as recording was beginning for Soulfly's fifth studio album, the band was rocked by several tragedies that affected the outcome of the album. On December 8, Max's friend Darrell "Dimebag" Abbott was shot to death while playing in Ohio, and on December 10, Cavalera's 8 month old grandson Moses unexpectedly died due to health complications. The following fall, on October 4, 2005, Dark Ages was released. Many critics have described Dark Ages as a return to Cavalera's thrash metal roots of the early Sepultura days; however, the world music influence found on the first four Soulfly albums is still present. In fact, this time, Cavalera traveled to five different countries — Serbia, Turkey, Russia, France, and the United States — in order to record all the sounds that he desired to have on the new album. The core band on Dark Ages still consisted of Max Cavalera, Marc Rizzo, Joe Nunez, and Bobby Burns, and on this album, Dave Ellefson came back to lend his talents to a couple of tracks, Eyesburn vocalist Coyote sang on "Innerspirit", Stormtroopers of Death vocalist Billy Milano and Russian singer Paul Fillipenko of FAQ screamed on the hardcore influenced "Molotov", and Max's stepson, Ritchie Cavalera from Phoenix-based band Incite, sang on "Staystrong". Soulfly supported Dark Ages on a world tour with various bands such as Deftones, Korn, Throwdown, and Skindred that has stretched through North America, South America, Europe, Russia, and Australia. On August 17, 2006, Soulfly played the 10th Annual D-Low Memorial show with several guest artists including Dave Ellefson and Roy Mayorga, the latter of whom who currently plays with Stone Sour. Most notably, Max was reunited onstage for the first time in 10 years with his brother Igor Cavalera. Max and Igor formed Sepultura together in the early 1980s, but had not played together since Max's departure in 1997. Igor joined the band midway through the set for a jam on the drums and stayed onstage to play the Sepultura classics "Roots Bloody Roots" and "Attitude" on Joe Nunez's drum kit. In the time between legs of Soulfly's world tour for Dark Ages and afterwards, members of Soulfly stayed extremely busy by focusing on projects and activities outside of the band. Max Cavalera guested on the Apocalyptica single "Repressed" with Bullet For My Valentine vocalist Matt Tuck during a visit to Germany, went to Russia in January 2007 to guest on the album Circus Dogs by Russian hardcore band FAQ and played on Saint-Petersbourg with Radiohead album sound producer Nike "Naik" Groshin, played a surprise jam session in Serbia with Dan Lilker of Brutal Truth and S.O.D., and spent time in Arizona writing for future releases. Marc Rizzo spent the year on the road throughout North America playing his solo flamenco-meets-shred metal, gaining him further recognition as one of the world's premier metal guitarists. Earlier in 2005 Marc had released his debut solo album, Colossal Myopia, through Shrapnel Records, and in 2007 he prepared his follow-up, The Ultimate Devotion, which has now been released. Bobby Burns purchased a studio in Orlando, FL with his partner Tim Lau, revived his former band Primer 55, and worked on new releases for his Love Said No and King Street projects. In September 2006 Bobby suffered a mild stroke, was forced to sit out of Soulfly's North American tour, and his spot in the band was briefly filled by Dave Ellefson and Danny Lilker. Joe Nunez worked on the development of several drum accessories with Slug Drums, and taught drum lessons and worked construction in Chicago. Soulfly ventured to Undercity Recording Studios in March 2007 to record a cover of the Marilyn Manson single "The Beautiful People" with Logan Mader producing. The song was later released in June 2007 by Kerrang! magazine in issue 1164 as part of their Higher Voltage compilation. During time in the studio, Max Cavalera also recorded vocals for the song "War Is My Destiny" with Ill Bill and Immortal Technique for Ill Bill's second studio album, The Hour of Reprisal, which released on September 16, 2008. Conquer and Omen (2008–2010) In August 2007, Soulfly did a tour that consisted of a mixture of festival and club shows through Europe before playing the 11th Annual D-Low Memorial Show in Tempe, AZ on August 31, 2007. Cavalera Conspiracy also made their debut live performance at the show by opening for Soulfly. One week after performing the show, Soulfly went to Bobby Burns and Tim Lau's newly renovated Porch Studio in Orlando, FL to begin work on their sixth studio album, which Cavalera had begun writing during the summer. After working halfway through recording until September 29, Cavalera halted the session to travel throughout Egypt to record more sounds to integrate into the new songs. In November 2007, Cavalera returned to Orlando to complete tracking and the album was mixed by Andy Sneap in early 2008. The album featured collaborations Dave Peters from Throwdown and David Vincent from Morbid Angel. Soulfly released their sixth album entitled Conquer on July 29, 2008. Following the release of the album, the band toured the United States with Devastation and Bleed the Sky in the fall, toured Europe in winter of 2009 with Incite, played a small UK and European festivals during the spring and summer of 2009, and went on a fall 2009 U.S. headlining tour with Cattle Decapitation, Prong, and Mutiny Within. Soulfly entered the Edge of the Earth Studios in Los Angeles, California, on November 6, 2009 to begin recording their seventh album with Max Cavalera and Logan Mader both producing. Through a series of streaming web video updates, frontman Max Cavalera revealed on November 13, 2009 that the album would be called Omen and would feature guest appearances by Tommy Victor of Prong and Greg Puciato of The Dillinger Escape Plan. Additionally, the album features performances on drums from Max's sons: Zyon Cavalera on a b-side cover of Sepultura's "Refuse-Resist" and Igor Cavalera (not to be confused with his brother of the same name) on a cover of Excel's "Your Life, My Life". Omen has been released worldwide on May 25, 2010. From May 13 – December 16, 2010, Soulfly conducted a world tour in support of their new album Omen. On July 18, 2010, bassist Bobby Burns posted following message on his Twitter profile: "To all the fans... SOULFLY and I have decided to part ways. Stay tuned for my next projects already in the works. Thanks 4 ur support!!!" Line up change, Enslaved and Savages (2011–2013) On July 1, 2011, Soulfly announced that the group had recruited former Static-X and current Asesino, and then Prong, and Ministry bassist Tony Campos into the band, replacing Bobby Burns. In August 2011, Joe Nunez was replaced by Borknagar drummer David Kinkade. In September 2011, the band announced they entered the recording studio to make their next album due for an early 2012 release. In late October it was revealed that recording had finished, and Kinkade claimed that the new album is like "Arise on crack". Confirmed guests on the album were Adam Warren of Oceano and Dez Fafara of Coal Chamber and DevilDriver, although Warren pulled out of recording and was replaced by Cattle Decapitation frontman Travis Ryan. In the December 2011 issue of Metal Hammer, Cavalera stated that the main theme of the album would be slavery, with song titles "Slave", "Chains", "Legions" (a song about the Roman Empire), "Gladiator", "Redemption of Man by God" (featuring Dez Fafara), and "Revengeance" (with Max's 3 sons featuring: Zyon on drums, Richie on vocals and Igor writing half the guitar riffs). The album was produced by Zeuss with artwork from Marcelo Vasco, who has designed album artwork for bands such as Borknagar, Obituary, and Dimmu Borgir. On December 6, the album title was announced to be Enslaved and has a release date of March 13, 2012. Soulfly performed at the 13th annual Gathering of the Juggalos in Cave-in-Rock, IL August 2012. Throughout 2012, Soulfly have headlined the "Maximum Cavalera Tour", supported by Incite (fronted by Richie Cavalera) and Lody Kong (featuring Igor Cavalera Jr. and Zyon Cavalera). In October 2012 Kinkade announced his retirement from drumming, leaving Soulfly after their show in Bangkok. Max's son Zyon, who performed during the South America tour earlier in the year, will take over drums for the upcoming US tour and for the foreseeable future. In April 2013 Max announced Soulfly's intention to record more material after their tour, with producer Terry Date, and confirmed on May 3 that Zyon would perform drums on the album. In July Max announced that the album would be called Savages. The band released the album on September 30 in the UK, October 1 in the US, and October 4 in Europe. Savages features a number of guest vocalists including Igor Cavalera Jr. of Lody Kong, Jamie Hanks of I Declare War, Neil Fallon of Clutch, and Mitch Harris of Napalm Death. Archangel and Ritual (2014–present) On December 6, 2014, Max Cavalera said through an interview that he started writing for the tenth Soulfly record. Cavalera and his gang entered the studio on January 3, 2015. On May 1, bassist Tony Campos announced via his Facebook page that he was leaving Soulfly to join Fear Factory. Archangel, produced by Matt Hyde, was released on August 14, 2015 through Nuclear Blast. They embarked on the "We Sold Our Souls To Metal" tour on September 30, 2015 to promote the album. The tour was accompanied by the bands Soilwork, Decapitated and Shattered Sun. The tour lasted for a 27 show trek ending in Albuquerque, NM on October 30. They played at The Rockbar Theater in San Jose, CA on Dec 12, 2015. In 2017, they toured North America with Cannabis Corpse, Harm's Way, Noisem and Lody Kong. In this tour, they played the Nailbomb album Point Blank in full, bringing Igor Jr. into the band as co-lead vocalist and keyboardist/sampler for the tour. After releasing his latest album with Cavalera Conspiracy, Max revealed his plans to finish writing and recording the next Soulfly album in early 2018, while also declaring his intentions to bring back some of the tribal elements from the band's early days to commemorate 20 years since Soulfly's self-titled debut album. A live album of their performance at 1998 Dynamo Open Air, entitled simply Live at Dynamo Open Air 1998, was released on 22 June 2018. Soulfly released their eleventh studio album, Ritual, on October 19, 2018. Musical style Soulfly have been described as nu metal, thrash metal, groove metal, and death metal. Soulfly originally played nu metal but then moved away from the nu metal genre after the early 2000s. Soulfly often incorporate elements of world music such as tribal music and Middle Eastern music into their music. Band members Current members Max Cavalera – lead vocals, rhythm guitar (1997–present) Marc Rizzo – lead guitar (2003–present) Zyon Cavalera – drums, percussion (2012–present) Mike Leon – bass, backing vocals (2015–present) Discography Soulfly (1998) Primitive (2000) 3 (2002) Prophecy (2004) Dark Ages (2005) Conquer (2008) Omen (2010) Enslaved (2012) Savages (2013) Archangel (2015) Ritual (2018) Concert tours Supporting Snot (April–May 1998) The Song Remains Insane Tour (May 1998–February 1999) Bring Da Shit Tour (April–August 1999) Ozzfest 2000 (July–September 2000) Primitive Tour (September 2000–June 2001) Supporting Static-X (January–February 2002) Call to Arms Tour (June–July 2002; November 2002–July 2003) Supporting Slayer (August–September 2002) Prophecy Tour (March–October 2004) Disturbing the Peace (February–July 2005) The Dark Ages Tour (October 2005–October 2006) Australian Gigantour (October 2006) The Dark Ages Tour II (April–December 2007) Conquer Tour (August 2008–October 2009) Conquering North American (March–April 2010) Omen Tour (May–December 2011) Enslaved Tour (February–July 2012) Maximum Cavalera Tour (July 2012–August 2013) Savages Tour (October 2013–October 2014) From The Amazon To The Nile Tour Co-headlining with Nile (April 2018–May 2018) Notes Christe, Ian (2003). Sound of the Beast: The Complete Headbanging History of Heavy Metal. HarperCollins. References External links Category:American death metal musical groups Category:American groove metal musical groups Category:American nu metal musical groups Category:American thrash metal musical groups Category:Political music Category:Heavy metal musical groups from Arizona Category:Musical groups established in 1997 Category:Musical groups from Phoenix, Arizona Category:Musical quartets Category:Nuclear Blast artists Category:Roadrunner Records artists	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Rodolfo Jiménez Rodolfo Jiménez (born 15 August 1972) is a Mexican film and television actor. He is also a television host. Early life Jiménez was born Rodolfo Jiménez Munoz in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. Film and television work References External links Rodolfojimenez.com, Jiménez official website Category:1972 births Category:Living people Category:Mexican male film actors Category:Mexican male television actors Category:Mexican television presenters Category:Male actors from Guadalajara, Jalisco	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
List of TCP and UDP port numbers This is a list of TCP and UDP port numbers used by protocols of the Internet protocol suite for operation of network applications. The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) needed only one port for full-duplex, bidirectional traffic. The Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) and the Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP) also use port numbers. They usually use port numbers that match the services of the corresponding TCP or UDP implementation, if they exist. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of port numbers for specific uses. However, many unofficial uses of both well-known and registered port numbers occur in practice. Similarly many of the official assignments refer to protocols that were never or are no longer in common use. This article lists port numbers and their associated protocols that have experienced significant uptake. Table legend Well-known ports The port numbers in the range from 0 to 1023 (0 to 210 − 1) are the well-known ports or system ports. They are used by system processes that provide widely used types of network services. On Unix-like operating systems, a process must execute with superuser privileges to be able to bind a network socket to an IP address using one of the well-known ports. Registered ports The range of port numbers from 1024 to 49151 (210 to 214 + 215 − 1) are the registered ports. They are assigned by IANA for specific service upon application by a requesting entity. On most systems, registered ports can be used without superuser privileges. Dynamic, private or ephemeral ports The range 49152–65535 (215 + 214 to 216 − 1) contains dynamic or private ports that cannot be registered with IANA. This range is used for private or customized services, for temporary purposes, and for automatic allocation of ephemeral ports. See also Internet protocol suite List of IP numbers Lists of network protocols Comparison of file transfer protocols References and notes Further reading External links §5000 TCP and UDP port numbers TCP and UDP port numbers Category:Transmission Control Protocol TCP and UDP port	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Abderrahim Tazi Abderrahim Tazi (born 1938) is a Moroccan weightlifter. He competed at the 1960 Summer Olympics and the 1964 Summer Olympics. References Category:1938 births Category:Living people Category:Moroccan male weightlifters Category:Olympic weightlifters of Morocco Category:Weightlifters at the 1960 Summer Olympics Category:Weightlifters at the 1964 Summer Olympics Category:People from Fez, Morocco	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
The Bloody Brood The Bloody Brood is a 1959 Canadian thriller film directed by Julian Roffman. Plot A man begins to investigate on his own the death of his brother, who died from eating a hamburger laced with ground glass. With the police case stalled because of ineptness, the man's own investigation leads him toward a beatnik hang-out frequented by Nico (Peter Falk), a shady character who supplies drugs to the patrons and philosophizes about the ills of the world. Cast Reception Author and film critic Leonard Maltin awarded the film two out of four stars, calling it "[A] laughable, thoroughly cynical depiction of the Beat Generation." References External links Category:1959 films Category:Canadian films Category:American films Category:1950s crime drama films Category:Detective films Category:English-language films Category:Canadian black-and-white films Category:American crime drama films	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Kamlesh Pathak Kamlesh Kumar Pathak is a leader of the Samajwadi Party in Uttar Pradesh. On 10 June 2016, he was elected to the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council. References Category:Members of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council Category:Samajwadi Party politicians	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Jim Matkin James G. Matkin, QC (born 1942) is a former British Columbia, Canada deputy minister of labour and of intergovernmental relations, former President and CEO of the Business Council of British Columbia, and a former British Columbia Law Society secretary and executive director. He led drafting of the Labour Code Of B.C. in 1973, and legislation for the first human rights code of BC, floated the Non Obstante clause compromise that was adopted in the Canadian Constitution and Charter of Rights in 1981, and is credited with "cleaning up" the Vancouver stock exchange through his one-man commission of enquiry. He studied law and economics at Harvard as a Frank Knox Fellow received an LL.M. in 1969. He is a prolific advocate of climate change denial. Early life Originally from Alberta, He obtained his bachelor's and master's (law) degrees from University of Alberta and a Master of Laws from Harvard Law School and became a law clerk in 1970 to Supreme Court of Canada Justice, Ronald Martland and an assistant professor of law at the University of British Columbia. Professional life While a University of British Columbia law faculty member, he was invited to be part of a government-appointed Committee of Special Advisors assembled to draft legislation which became the Labour Code of British Columbia Act of 1973. At age 30, he became deputy minister of labor in British Columbia. He was then the youngest deputy minister in the history of BC. From 1981 he was Deputy Minister of Intergovernmental Relations. He left the bureaucracy July 1, 1983 with the congratulations of Honorable Garde Gardom: " Mr. Matkin has performed long and in a most dedicated fashion, under two different administrations, always in the interests of the general public of our province. He's been a dedicated public servant." Non Obstante Clause Matkin's associate, Paul C. Weiler, a former BC Labour Relations Board head, had written a McGill Law Journal paper that recommended a Non Obstante Clause be inserted in the Canadian constitution. This would allow a Canadian province to "opt out" of portions of the new constitution. Matkin's staff altered a "no author text" to include this concept. The "no author text" (or a document with no author named) was circulated at a constitutional conference attended by Canadian first ministers and their staff. This clause bears close resemblance to the Notwithstanding clause that ultimately became an ingredient in the Kitchen Accord among most Canadian provinces and the federal government of Canada. Later career "From 1983-93, he served as President and CEO of the B.C. Business Council...." He was also a director of the Bank of Canada, serving from 1992 to 1995. In 1996 Matkin was chosen to head a commission to oversee the reduction in size of the British Columbia fishing fleet. Matkin was a committee of one who investigated and in 2004 "denounced" the Vancouver Stock Exchange "as a breeding ground for swindles and laid the blame at the feet of the B.C. Securities Commission". "...[H]is report served as an official wake-up call. The exchange began blackballing miscreant promoters, then merged with the Alberta Stock Exchange to form the Canadian Venture Exchange, and was later acquired by the more respectable Toronto Stock Exchange, resulting in the TSX Venture Exchange." Resignation from BC Law Society He was the executive director of the BC Law Society from 1998 to 2004. On December 6, 2004, Matkin resigned. This came in response to concerns raised at the society that he had become involved with a junior company with two alleged stock offenders. "Matkin denied any improper conduct. He argued that [alleged offenders] Gujral and Alexander had learned from their mistakes and deserved a second chance. He also said he sought and obtained assurances that Alexander would not promote the company's shares, only the technology." "There has never been any suggestion that Matkin did anything illegal. The issue is simply whether it was appropriate for him to be dealing with a company associated with Gujral and Alexander." The then-president of the Canadian Bar Association, British Columbia branch, expressed regret that an enquiry did not occur due to Matkin's resignation. "I dare say it would have assisted all to know whether the Executive Director, given the leadership role inherent in this position, is expected to meet an elevated ethical standard, and if so, what that standard entails .... [T]his [resignation] represents the loss of an important opportunity for the Benchers to articulate, for the profession generally and for the previous and next incumbent, the standards expected of the individual appointed to this key position in the organization." The BC Law Society dismissed a complaint of impropriety filed December 31, 2004 by a lawyer. Legacy Matkin's legacy includes the BC Labour Relations board and legislation, changes to the Vancouver Stock Exchange, and the first human rights code in BC. In later life, Matkin has turned to producing self-published opinion pieces on climatology via Academia.edu, articulating his position of climate change denial, his belief in the Global warming conspiracy theory, and criticizing political and economic reforms aimed at avoiding or mitigating anthropogenic climate change, which he attributes to the political left. These articles consist mainly of skeptic articles written by others and republished with additional commentary by Matkin. Publications James G. Matkin "Why the Notwithstanding Clause Saved the Charter" James G. Matkin, Principled Bargaining (Softcover, Industrial Relations Centre, Queen's University at Kingston), (0-88886-128-1) James G. Matkin, D. Geoffrey Cowper, Restructuring for the Future: Towards a Fairer Venture Market the Report of the Vancouver Stock Exchange & Securities Regulation Commission James G. Matkin, "Government Intervention in Labour Disputes in British Columbia." (1975) James G. Matkin, Clive Cocking, "A weak federal government getting weaker" James G. Matkin,"The Future of Industrial Relations in Canada." James Matkin, Book Review, "The Great Theft: Wrestling Islam From the Extremists," by Abou El Fadl Categories References Category:Living people Category:Lawyers in British Columbia Category:People from Alberta Category:Canadian Latter Day Saints Category:University of Alberta alumni Category:Harvard Law School alumni Category:University of British Columbia faculty Category:1942 births Category:Canadian lawyers	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Thomas George Fermor-Hesketh Sir Thomas George Fermor-Hesketh, 7th Baronet (9 May 1849 – 19 April 1924) was a British baronet and soldier. Born Thomas George Hesketh, he was the second son of Sir Thomas Fermor-Hesketh, 5th Baronet, and Lady Anna Maria Isabella Fermor, daughter of Thomas Fermor, 4th Earl of Pomfret. In 1867 he and his father assumed by Royal licence the additional surname of Fermor and in 1876 he succeeded his elder brother as 7th Baronet of Rufford. Fermor-Hesketh gained the rank of lieutenant in the Rifle Brigade and was also an honorary colonel in the service of the 4th Battalion, Liverpool Regiment of Militia. In January 1879 he started a world cruise in his newly constructed steam auxiliary yacht Lancashire Witch. After he left Madeira en route to Montevideo news arrived there of the British defeat at the Battle of Isandlwana in the Anglo-Zulu War. The news eventually caught up with him at Sandy Point (Punta Arenas) in late March and he immediately set sail for Natal via the Falklands. He offered his services to the army and became ADC to Redvers Buller, becoming involved in mounted action at the Battle of Ulundi. After the war Sir Thomas continued his world cruise and in 1880 was instrumental in the attempted rescue at sea off the coast of Mexico of a number of citizens of San Francisco. In recognition of this, he was honoured by the city, and at a party in his honour he came to the attention of the San Francisco heiress Florence Emily Sharon (1858–1924). Florence was the daughter of U.S. Senator William Sharon (1812–1885), who had made an enormous fortune in the gold, silver, banking and hotel business in California and Nevada. The first United States Senator from Nevada, Sharon was also the wealthiest man in the state. By the early 1880s, his empire was such that he was the largest single tax payer in California. When he died in 1885, he left the bulk of his estate to his daughter — and this she brought with her to the marriage. When her brother died, the whole of the Senator's fortune passed to her. The two were married at the Ralston Hall Mansion of Belmont, California, on 22 December 1880, and had two sons. In 1881 he was appointed high Sheriff of Northamptonshire. Fermor-Hesketh died on 19 April 1924 aged 74, and was succeeded in the baronetcy by his son Thomas, who in 1935 was elevated to the peerage as Baron Hesketh. Lady Fermor-Hesketh died after falling down the stairs at Euston Hall in September 1924. Hesketh Island, Kachemak Bay, Cook Inlet, Alaska was named after Sir Thomas following his visit to the area in his yacht Lancashire Witch in 1880. References Category:1849 births Category:1924 deaths Category:High Sheriffs of Northamptonshire Category:Baronets in the Baronetage of Great Britain Category:Rifle Brigade officers	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Trevor Harris Trevor Harris (born May 31, 1986) is an American professional Canadian football quarterback for the Edmonton Eskimos of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He was signed by the Jacksonville Jaguars as an undrafted free agent in 2010. He played college football at Edinboro University. As Edinboro's starting quarterback, he broke "every career passing record in the Pennsylvania State Athletic Conference" and was a two-time finalist for the Harlon Hill Trophy, awarded each year to the individual selected as the most valuable player in NCAA Division II. Early years Harris was an Ohio all-state selection in both football and basketball at Marion Pleasant High School. He was a three-year starter in football, throwing for 1,523 yards and 23 TD s as a senior, completing 90 of 149 passes with just 7 INTs. He was named the Offensive Back of the Year by the North Central Ohio Football Coaches Association, and was also a first team all-NCOFCA choice. He was also a first team All-Mid Ohio Athletic Conference choice and was named the District 11 Player of the Year. He was an All-Ohio selection as a junior, while also being named first team all-MOAC and All-NCOFCA. He completed his career throwing for 4,439 yards with 59 TDs and 19 INTs, adding 6 TDs rushing. College career Harris played collegiate football at Edinboro University of Pennsylvania, a member of NCAA Division II's Pennsylvania State Athletic Conference. Early in his sophomore year, he broke the school's single-game passing record, leading the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette to predict, accurately it turned out, that Harris would "rewrite the school's passing records." In 2008, he became the third Edinboro player to be a finalist for the Harlon Hill Trophy, and was a finalist again in 2009. Harris was named to the 2009 Consensus Draft Services Preseason All-American Team. He was the first player to repeat as PSAC West Offensive Player of the Year since Randy McKavish of Slippery Rock won the honor in 1997 and again in 1998. He was a three-time All-PSAC West selection and was the PSAC West Rookie of the Year as a freshman. In his final game at Edinboro, a NCAA playoff game against West Liberty University, Harris set a Division II record with 630 passing yards in a playoff game. West Liberty won the game 84–63, as the two teams combined for 1,394 yards. Harris finished his career with 11,899 yards passing, completing 66% of his passes and throwing for 100 touchdowns. Professional career Jacksonville Jaguars On April 24, 2010, Harris signed with the Jacksonville Jaguars as an undrafted free agent following the 2010 NFL Draft. He was waived from the team following the preseason. Arizona Rattlers On November 12, 2010, Harris was signed by the AFL's Arizona Rattlers. Hartford Colonials On July 14, 2011, Harris signed with the United Football League's Hartford Colonials. Buffalo Bills On July 27, 2011, Trevor Harris agreed to terms with the Buffalo Bills. Orlando Predators On October 31, 2011, Harris signed with the Orlando Predators of the Arena Football League. CFL career Toronto Argonauts On March 29, 2012, Harris signed with the Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League. In the Argonauts second, and final, pre-season game of the 2012 CFL season, Harris threw 13 completions in 15 attempts, for 160 yards and 2 touchdowns. His outstanding performance earned him a spot on the roster. Harris played in two games in the 2012 season completing 8 of 19 throws for 80 yards. Harris continued his strong pre-season play in the first preseason game of the 2013 season; completing 8 of 11 passing attempts for 115 yards. During the 2014 CFL season Harris started in one game, and played in another 5 games. For the entire season he attempted 60 passes, completing 42 of them (70% completion percentage), for 449 passing yards with 2 touchdowns and 1 interception. During the 2015 preseason, the Argos announced that Ricky Ray (incumbent starting QB) would miss the first six games of the regular season as he recovered from a torn rotator cuff injury sustained in the 2014 season.; Thus making Harris the Argos starting quarterback for Week 1. Trevor Harris started the first 16 games of the CFL season for the Argos as Ricky Ray's injury rehab took longer than expected. During the season, he led the Argos to a record of 9–7 before Ray would start the final two games of the season and the Argos lone playoff game. During his first season as a starting CFL quarterback Harris played admirably. He completed 382 out of 538 pass attempts (71% completion) for 4354 yards with 33 touchdowns and 19 interceptions (both league highs for 2015). Ottawa Redblacks Within the first few hours of free-agency starting on February 9, 2016, the Ottawa Redblacks announced that Harris had signed with the team to a two-year contract. He began the season as the backup to Henry Burris who turned 41 years old when the season began. Harris made his Redblacks debut partway through the opening game of the season after Burris injured his finger while receiving the ball from a shotgun snap. Harris completed 17 of 19 passing attempts for 292 yards, with 3 touchdowns and 0 interceptions leading the Redblacks to a dramatic overtime victory over the defending Grey Cup champion Edmonton Eskimos. Following the game, it was announced that Burris would be placed on the 1-game injured list, making Harris the starting quarterback for Week 2. Only a couple days later it was announced that Burris had been transferred to the six-game injured list. Harris was named as a player of the week three times in the month of July, and chosen as the second best player in the month behind teammate wide-receiver Chris Williams. Harris was injured during a July 22 (Week 5) game against the Saskatchewan Roughriders and replaced by back-up Brock Jensen for the rest of the game. The following week (Week 6), Henry Burris returned from his injury as starting quarterback, and Harris was considered week-to-week with knee and ankle injuries. Following their Week 9 loss to the Alouettes, Ottawa Head Coach Rick Campbell announced that Harris would return to the starting lineup for Week 10 against the BC Lions. In his absence the club had lost three of their four games. Harris started in the next six games for the Redblacks but was ultimately unable to meet expectations, only winning two games and losing four. He was subsequently benched again in favour of Henry Burris. Under Burris' leadership the Redblacks went on to win the 104th Grey Cup. Within a week of winning the Grey Cup Redblacks General Manager Marcel Desjardins stated that based on the how the contracts are structured (for Burris and Harris) the team planned for Harris to be their starting quarterback for the 2017 season. Burris retired on January 24, 2017. Harris started the first 12 games of the 2017 season for the Redblacks before leaving the team's Week 12 game against the Hamilton Tiger-Cats after suffering a shoulder injury. A couple days later it was announced by head coach Rick Campbell that Harris would be out at least a couple weeks with a bruised shoulder. Harris concluded the 2017 campaign having set new career highs in completions, attempts and passing yards, leading Ottawa to the playoffs for the third consecutive season. Not long after the season wrapped up the Redblacks and Harris agreed to a one-year contract extension keeping him with the club through the 2018 CFL season. Harris was set to become a free-agent in February 2018 had both sides not been able to come to deal. Harris had his most productive season in 2018, setting new career highs in pass attempts, completions, and yards. In the Redblacks' East Final playoff game against the Tiger-Cats, Harris set a new CFL record for most passing touchdowns in a single playoff game with six. He completed 29 of 32 pass attempts for 367 yards, leading the Redblacks to their third Grey Cup appearance in four years. However, Harris and the Redblacks were bested in the 106th Grey Cup by the Calgary Stampeders. Edmonton Eskimos On February 12, 2019, it was announced that Harris had signed with the Edmonton Eskimos. Harris started in the Eskimos' first 12 games of the season before being ruled out for the team's Week 15 match against the Tiger-Cats with an upper body injury. Subsequently, he was placed on the six-game injured reserve list on September 27, 2019. Harris was activated off of the six-game injured reserve list on October 21, 2019, with two games remaining in the season. He finished the season having played and started in 13 regular season games, but still managed to pass for over 4,000 yards for the fourth time in his career. He also tripled his career touchdowns by rushing for six touchdowns during the 2019 regular season, bringing his career total to nine. He led the Eskimos to the East Final as the crossover team, but lost to the Hamilton Tiger-Cats. During the following off-season, on January 31, 2020, Harris signed a contract extension with the Eskimos that would keep him in Edmonton through the 2022 season. Career statistics References External links Edmonton Eskimos bio Category:1986 births Category:Living people Category:American football quarterbacks Category:American players of Canadian football Category:Arizona Rattlers players Category:Canadian football quarterbacks Category:Edinboro Fighting Scots football players Category:Grey Cup champions Category:Jacksonville Jaguars players Category:Orlando Predators players Category:People from Marion County, Ohio Category:Players of American football from Ohio Category:Ottawa Redblacks players Category:Toronto Argonauts players Category:Edmonton Eskimos players	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Interface hypothesis The interface hypothesis in adult second language acquisition is an attempt to explain non-target-like linguistic behavior that persists even among highly advanced speakers. The hypothesis was first put forward by Antonella Sorace. The hypothesis posits that for adult second language learners, acquiring grammatical properties within a given linguistic area, such as phonology, syntax, or semantics, should not be problematic. Interfacing between those modules, such as communicating between the syntax and semantic systems, should likewise be feasible. However, grammatical operations where the speaker is required to interface between an internal component of the grammar, and an external component, such as pragmatics or discourse information, will prove to be very difficult, and will not be acquired completely by the second language learner, even at very advanced levels. Examples of phenomena argued to be influenced by the interface hypothesis include use of overt vs. null subjects, as well as use of subject placement before or after the verb to mark focus vs. using prosody, in languages like Italian by native English speakers. Further reading Sorace, A. (2011). Pinning down the concept of “interface” in bilingualism. Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism, 1(1), 1-33. Sorace, A. and Filiaci, F. (2006). Anaphora resolution in near-native speakers of Italian. Second Language Research: 339-368. Tsimpli, I.M. and Sorace, A. (2006). Differentiating Interfaces: L2 performance in syntax-semantics and syntax-discourse phenomena. BUCLD Proceedings 30: 653-664. Sorace, A. (2003). Near-Nativeness. In M. Long and C. Doughty (eds.), Handbook of Second Language Acquisition, 130-152. Oxford: Blackwell. References Category:Language acquisition	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Times Like These (Gary Burton album) Times Like These is an album by vibraphonist Gary Burton recorded in 1988 and released on the GRP label. Reception The Allmusic review by Scott Yanow awarded the album 4½ stars stating "Burton sounds fine on the diverse material. Since John Scofield had not had an opportunity to record with the vibraphonist during his year with Burton's Quartet more than a decade earlier, this fine set made up for lost time". Track listing Times Like These" (Makoto Ozone) - 6:33 "Or Else" (Vince Mendoza) - 4:45 "Robert Frost" (Jay Leonhart) - 6:27 "Why'd You Do It?" (John Scofield) - 5:16 "P.M." (Chick Corea) - 6:30 "Was It Long Ago?" (Gary Burton) - 7:47 "Bento Box" (Ozone) - 6:16 "Do Tell" (Scofield) - 7:21 Recorded at Clinton Studios, NYC Personnel Gary Burton — vibraphone, marimba John Scofield — guitar Marc Johnson — bass Peter Erskine — drums Michael Brecker — tenor saxophone (tracks 1 & 6) References Category:GRP Records albums Category:Gary Burton albums Category:1988 albums	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Middletons Corner, Virginia Middletons Corner is an unincorporated community in Northumberland County, in the U.S. state of Virginia. References Category:Unincorporated communities in Virginia Category:Unincorporated communities in Northumberland County, Virginia	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Tronco Tronco means trunk, torso, truncated in several Romance languages. It is the surname of the following people: Cristopher Tronco Sánchez (born 1985), Mexican swimmer Louriza Tronco (born 1993), Canadian actress and singer Robbie Tronco, American DJ See also Glossary of musical terminology#T	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Brenthia gamicopis Brenthia gamicopis is a species of moth of the family Choreutidae. It is found in Uganda. The wingspan is about 11 mm. The forewings are rather dark fuscous, irregularly sprinkled white with a suffused white transverse streak at one-third, another only developed towards the extremities from three-fourths of the costa to two-fifths of the dorsum, and an irregular transverse spot from the dorsum between these. There is an oval whitish ring in the disc beyond the middle and a marginal series of eight black spots containing silver-metallic dots around the apical part of the costa and termen, slenderly separated with brownish-ochreous, the two subapical confluent. The hindwings are white with the basal fourth more or less mixed grey and with an irregular dark grey patch beneath the posterior half of the costa, separated by a metallic violet posteriorly black-edged mark from an ochreous-brownish streak running around the termen and elsewhere margined anteriorly dark grey. References Category:Brenthia Category:Insects of Uganda Category:Moths of Africa Category:Moths described in 1930	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Pharyngeal plexus Pharyngeal plexus can refer to: Pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve – a network of pharyngeal nerves Pharyngeal plexus (venous) – a network of pharyngeal veins	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Mets Ayrum Mets Ayrum (; also, Ayrum and Russified as Nizhniy Ayrum) is a village in the Lori Province of Armenia. Mets Ayrum greatly suffers from the nearby mine dump which causes serious health problems for the villagers and threatens the ecology of the entire area. Development Programs In 2015 some programs started to be implemented in Mets Ayrum by Children of Armenia Fund. Arts Clubs,, Crafts Clubs, Media Literacy Club, Student Councils, English Language Instruction, Social and Psychological Assistance, Support to Children with Learning Difficulties, Health and Lifestyle Education, Women Health Screenings, Support for Reproductive Health were implemented in the village by COAF. COAF SMART room was renovated in the village school. See also Lori province Children of Armenia Fund References Category:Populated places in Lori Province	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Gene Knutson Eugene Peter "Gene" Knutson (November 10, 1932February 9, 2008) was an American football player. He played college football as an offensive and defensive end for the University of Michigan (1951–1953) and professional football as a defensive end for the Green Bay Packers (1954–1956). As a senior at Michigan, Knutson was selected to play in the Hula Bowl College All-Star Game. Early years in Beloit Knutson was born in Beloit, Wisconsin in 1932. He was the son of Florence and Peter Knutson. He began playing football at Lincoln High School in Beloit. At Beloit Memorial High School, he played football, basketball and track and field. He earned seven varsity letters and won all-state honors in both football and basketball and was a hurdler on Beloit's state championship track team as a junior. Knutson graduated from Beloit High School in 1950. One of his teammates later recalled, "Gene was probably one of the best all-around athletes Beloit High School ever had." University of Michigan Knutson enrolled at the University of Michigan in 1950. After his freshman season, Michigan head coach Bennie Oosterbaan said that Knutson was "unquestionably Michigan's outstanding freshman prospect." He sustained a broken leg in April 1951 while stepping off a curb, but he recovered in time for the 1951 football season. Knutson played for the Michigan Wolverines football team from 1951 to 1953. He played at the offensive and defensive end position for Michigan. By his senior year, he was 6 feet, 5 inches tall and weighed 230 pounds. In October 1953, he caught a 29-yard touchdown pass on fourth down in the fourth quarter to help Michigan to a 14-13 victory over Iowa. He was selected as an All-Midwest player and played in the college all-star Hula Bowl. Knutson later recalled the first time he ran out of the tunnel into Michigan Stadium in front of 100,000 fans: "That was such a thrill to me, so exciting. How could I ever explain that to someone? Unless you experience sitting in that locker room, getting dressed, warming up and then going out to that crowd and playing in that ballgame, you'll never know. It was exhilarating." Green Bay Packers Knutson was drafted by the Green Bay Packers in the 10th round (111th overall pick) of the 1954 NFL Draft. He played as a defensive end for the Packers, appearing in 18 games during the 1954 and 1956 NFL seasons. Knutson did not play for the Packers in 1955 after suffering an injury in an exhibition game against the Washington Redskins. His highest annual salary as a professional athlete was $8,000. Knutson later recalled his days in the NFL as follows: "It was more of a business - dog eat dog. When I played there were only 12 teams and the (roster) limit was 33. It was a lot harder to get on a pro roster than it is now. I would love to be coming out of college now." Later years After the 1956 season, Knutson retired from football due to chronic knee problems. He taught and coached at St. Joseph's High School in South Bend, Indiana, before entering the insurance business. He also worked as an executive vice president for Ara Parseghian Enterprises. In his later years, he lived in Cassopolis, Michigan. Family and death In 1953, Knutson married the former Carol Buschbaum of South Bend, Indiana. His first wife died in 1982, and in 1995, Knutson married Vicki Futterknecht of Cassopolis. Knutson died of cancer in February 2008 at Cassopolis. He was survived by his second wife, three children, Sherry Sprouls, Bruce Knutson and Janie Taylor, and eight grandchildren. References External links Category:1932 births Category:2008 deaths Category:Sportspeople from Beloit, Wisconsin Category:Players of American football from Wisconsin Category:American football defensive ends Category:Michigan Wolverines football players Category:Green Bay Packers players Category:People from Cassopolis, Michigan	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
The Warlord: Battle for the Galaxy The Warlord: Battle for the Galaxy (also known as The Osiris Chronicles) is a science fiction film which aired on January 27, 1998 on television. The film is written by screenwriter Caleb Carr, who wrote the novel The Alienist, and directed by Joe Dante. It was intended to be the pilot for a series called The Osiris Chronicles that never materialized. Similar concepts would later be used in Andromeda. Synopsis The story takes place several centuries in the future. Mankind has colonized the entire Solar System and beyond, and hardships such as war, disease, hunger, and overpopulation have been eliminated. However, boredom spread rapidly throughout the galaxy and as a result, interstellar war broke out. The two opposing factions were the Galactic Republic and the Rebels. While the Rebels eventually defeated the Galactic Republic because of their far greater numbers, the former were no better off; the aftermath of that war was a new Dark Age. Houses, plantations, and, more importantly, most books were destroyed in the war, and knowledge of interstellar travel was mostly lost, available only to a privileged few. Mankind, in the film, had made much progress, only to be rewarded with "third world" living conditions, despite people still possessing very advanced computers. Plot The movie opens in the living room of a very luxurious house. A man named Heenoc Xian (John Pyper-Ferguson), is reading his book when his concentration suddenly drifts away and he reminisces about his life in chronological order, from being a pilot during his Academy years, to a freedom fighter, and to eventually, a warlord. He recalls the latter with irony as he narrates the tale of those particular events of his life. It begins on the planet Caliban 5, ruled by none other than Warlord Heenoc Xian. A young man named Justin Thorpe (John Corbett), a petty thief who carves out a living for himself by trading items he obtained through stealing and salvaging, comes home one night to his battered, run-down house as he is greeted by his kid sister, Nova (J. Madison Wright), a precocious pre-teen. Their parents are revealed to be dead, and they are all that remains of their family. Their lives have a routine and their evenings usually end with Nova teaching Thorpe to read a chapter of a book each night. The two siblings have learnt to make the most of the situation and are content. However, one day, Thorpe returns from his morning routine and discovers that Nova has disappeared. Knowing his sister would never run away from home, Thorpe comes to the conclusion that she had been kidnapped, but does not know who the kidnapper is and why she was taken. Frantic and desperate, Thorpe turns to Warlord Xian for help. Despite his ominous title, Xian is not entirely a warmonger, considering his heroic past; he listens to his people and is sympathetic towards them, and has provided a reasonable amount of order and security in a chaotic world, despite the fact that some of the people under his rule have expressed a degree of ungratefulness and resentment towards him. He listens to Thorpe's grievance, and while he feels for him, he cannot help him because he does not have enough possessions to trade for Xian's services. With that, Thorpe leaves in anger but is suddenly met by Nova's best friend Maggi Sorenson (Elisabeth Harnois), a cute and cynical teenager who happens to be the granddaughter of General Lars Sorenson (played by veteran Australian actor Rod Taylor), a man who was a former soldier of the now extinct Galactic Republic. Maggi introduces her grandfather to Thorpe. Sorenson knows what Thorpe wants and offers to help him by searching for Nova using his starship, the Osiris. However, he informs Thorpe that he must help him first by applying his thieving skills to steal precious jewels from the Warlord Xian's treasure chest, so that he can pay someone to fix his ship. Thorpe and Maggi are nearly caught by the Warlord's henchmen, but they subdue them and eventually succeed in obtaining the goods from the treasure chest. Before long, Thorpe, Sorenson, and Maggi arrive on a shuttlecraft to the Osiris, a sleek ship that resembles a shark, parked out in deep space. Once inside the ship, they bump into Thorpe's long-time friend, Wally Price (Darryl Theirse), a man who has "really strong feelings" but is not actually a telepath or a psychic. Sorenson is greatly puzzled about how he managed to get inside the Osiris, since the ship is genetically keyed. Wally convinces the gang that his extraordinary intuition will aid in Thorpe's search for Nova. All that remains now is for the ship to be repaired. Sorenson hires cloaked humanoid aliens, a race known only as "The Engineers" to repair the ship's engine. These beings have no interest in communicating with other lifeforms; the only thing they care for is technology. As soon as the ship is fixed, The Engineers leave. Later, Sorenson informs Thorpe that he has a vague idea of where Nova is being held captive. However, Sorenson has his own agenda for helping Thorpe: he wants to rebuild the old Republic and to do that he needs to find Trajan Cabel, the grandson of the last Proconsul, Julius Cabel. For this purpose he hires an Arbitrator, a diplomatic mercenary, who, to his surprise, turns out to be Rula Kor (Carolyn McCormick), Sorenson's daughter! She brings along her mute and beautiful bodyguard Jana (Marjorie Monaghan) for protection, should the need arise. Their surprise is magnified when she tells the men that The Engineers are the ones who are holding Nova prisoner. Sorenson then confesses to Thorpe that he knew all along that The Engineers were the ones who kidnapped Nova, but he did not want Thorpe to know beforehand because The Engineers were the only ones who knew how to fix the ship. Had he told Thorpe beforehand, the ship would have remained dead in space and they would have no way of rescuing Nova. Initially, Thorpe is peeved at Sorenson for misleading him, but Wally informs him that in spite of Sorenson's questionable agenda, he senses that his heart is in the right place. As a result, Thorpe and Sorenson make a pact to be upfront with each other from then on, and set a course to rescue Nova, based on Rula's reliable sources. Meanwhile, the Warlord is hell-bent on capturing Thorpe for stealing from him, and is hot on his trail in his battleship, the Daedalus. He chases Thorpe and his crew through a volcanic planet and fires on his ship with vengeance, but the Osiris escapes and finds itself face-to-face with a cloaked planet in deep space, the homeworld of The Engineers. They allow the crew of the Osiris to come down to their planet using the Osiris's teleportation system, known as a multi-spatial transverse system which works by folding space (a variation of a wormhole), after which they explain why they kidnapped Nova: she is a supergenius and they need her vast intellect for their Sublime Plenum, a huge amalgamation of their greatest ancestors’ minds and souls, which turns out to be a grotesque exhibit of goo filled with countless bodies mixed together with tentacles, its aim: to eliminate all emotion and the concept of family. The crew of the Osiris does not stand for this, especially Thorpe. Rula makes The Engineers an offer in exchange for Nova's life, but they refuse. With that, Thorpe snatches Nova from the clutches of The Engineers, only managing to convince her to leave by stressing the need for family and love. The crew make it back to the Osiris, but Nova is grabbed away at the last minute while the Osiris faces another attack by the Daedalus. However, Sorenson offers Xian a truce and allows him to come on board the Osiris to explain the current crisis. When Xian learns of The Engineers’ plan, he offers his services. With Xian's help, they destroy the Sublime Plenum, leaving The Engineers in defeat and rescue Nova again, this time with success. During all this, Sorenson discovers that Xian is the man he has been looking for all along: he is Trajan Cabel, the man who is destined to help rebuild the old Galactic Republic. However, Xian is not thrilled about the idea; he was greatly opposed to the formation of a new Republic, which is why he left his former life, changed his name to Heenoc Xian, and became a warlord. In spite of this, Xian decides to help Thorpe rebuild the Galactic Republic with new ideals and values. Sorenson steps down as General and gives Thorpe the Osiris for him to command with Nova at his side, Maggi as his pilot/navigator, Wally as the computer expert, Rula as an arbitrator, and Jana as chief of security. As for Xian, he remains on the Daedalus but provides his expertise in strategy and war tactics to Thorpe, acting as his counsel. With the Osiris and Daedalus as the only relics of the Old Galaxy Republic, it is a new beginning for humanity's reemergence to the stars. Cast Stars John Corbett - Justin Thorpe Carolyn McCormick - Rula Kor John Pyper-Ferguson - Heenoc Xian Elisabeth Harnois - Maggi Sorenson J. Madison Wright - Nova Darryl Theirse - Wally Price Marjorie Monaghan - Jana Joel Swetow - Shahklan Philip Moon - Valois Rod Taylor - General Sorenson Co-stars Lilyan Chauvin - Mashwah Rhino Michaels - Barka Dick Miller - Peddler Rob Elk - Guard Dyrk Ashton - Thief #1 John Marlo - Second Thief Dorothy A. Gallagher - Assaulted Woman Michael Quill - Doctor Shannon Welch - Young Girl Dawn Ann Billings - Gita Leslie Redden - Magda Tom Billet - Thief #3 Steven E. Daniels - Thief #4 Belinda Balaski - Barterer's Wife Gregory Kargianis - Young Boy Production Rod Taylor played a role originally meant for Christopher Lee. The budget was $10 million. References External links Category:1998 television films Category:1990s science fiction films Category:American space adventure films Category:American television films Category:American films Category:Films directed by Joe Dante Category:Science fiction television films Category:Television films as pilots Category:Television pilots not picked up as a series	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Lil Wayne albums discography American rapper Lil Wayne has released twelve studio albums, one collaborative album, three compilation albums, two extended plays, and twenty mixtapes. Wayne made his album debut in 1999, with Tha Block Is Hot, which was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America. His later albums, Lights Out released in 2000, and 500 Degreez, released in 2002, attracted minor attention. In 2004, he released the first of his infamous Carter series, with Tha Carter. In 2005, Tha Carter II was released. In 2006, Wayne released a collaborative album with rapper Birdman, titled Like Father, Like Son. In 2008, Wayne released his best-selling album so far, titled Tha Carter III. Certified triple platinum by the RIAA, Tha Carter III won the Best Rap Album award at the 2009 Grammy Awards. Lil Wayne founded record label Young Money Entertainment and released a collaborative album featuring rappers signed to the label, We Are Young Money, in 2009, followed by his debut rock music album Rebirth in 2010. While serving an 8-month prison sentence in New York he released another album entitled I Am Not a Human Being, in September 2010. The latest addition to Tha Carter series, Tha Carter IV, was released on August 29, 2011. In 2013, Wayne released a sequel to his 2010 album I Am Not a Human Being, titled I Am Not a Human Being II, followed by two compilation albums with his labels, Rich Gang (2013), and Young Money: Rise of an Empire (2014). Tha Carter V was released on September 28, 2018. Lil Wayne released another album, Funeral, on January 31, 2020. As of 2018, all of Wayne's albums have been certified at least gold by the RIAA. His album sales in the United States stand at over 15 million copies as of July 2013, and his digital track sales stand at over 37 million digital copies. Studio albums Compilation albums Extended plays Mixtapes See also Lil Wayne singles discography Lil Wayne videography References External links Official website Category:Hip hop discographies Category:Discographies of American artists *	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Kellie Magnus Kellie Magnus (born 10 December 1970, in Kingston, Jamaica) is a Caribbean author and journalist. She currently works as the Country Lead for the Jamaican branch of Fight For Peace. Work and career Magnus received her undergraduate degree from Harvard University and an MBA in Entertainment and Media Management from Columbia University. In addition to writing and publishing children's books she writes feature articles on Caribbean entertainment and media. Publications for which she has written include The Daily News (New York City), The Jamaica Weekly Gleaner (New York City), Caribbean Beat (BWIA In-flight magazine), and The Ticket (Trinidad). Her most recent work was a series of children's books and parents' manuals that was part of a multimedia program called Max and Friends and that was specially designed for children with autism and related developmental disabilities. Magnus has self-published her Little Lion series of children's books, including a book called Little Lion Goes to School, and is currently working on a series of Caribbean children's books. She is a member of JAMPACT: Jamaica Impact Inc. and serves on the board of directors of the Harlem Youth Soccer Association. Currently, she is serving as the vice-president of the Book Industry Association of Jamaica. She also serves on the board of the Early Childhood Commission in Jamaica and owns the small publishing company Jackmandora. In 2014, Magnus was a featured author at the NGC Bocas Lit Fest. References Category:1970 births Category:Living people Category:Harvard University alumni Category:Columbia Business School alumni Category:Jamaican non-fiction writers Category:Jamaican women writers	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Peter Wright (rugby league) Peter Wright (born in Penrith, New South Wales) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1960s and 1970s. He played for the Parramatta Eels and Penrith Panthers in the New South Wales Rugby League premiership competition. He played at . Career playing statistics Point scoring summary Matches played Sources Whiticker, Alan & Hudson, Glen (2006) The Encyclopedia of Rugby League Players, Gavin Allen Publishing, Sydney References Category:Australian rugby league players Category:Penrith Panthers players Category:Living people Category:Rugby league props Category:Rugby league players from Sydney Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:Parramatta Eels players Category:Rugby articles needing expert attention	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
James Arthur O'Connor James Arthur O'Connor (1792 – 7 January 1841) was an Irish painter. Career James Arthur O'Connor was born 15 Aston's Quay, Dublin – the son of an engraver and printer, William O'Connor. O'Connor would become a distinguished landscape painter. He was self-taught, receiving just a few lessons from William Sadler. He travelled to London with Francis Danby and George Petrie, exhibiting at the Royal Academy in 1822. O'Connor visited France, Belgium, the Netherlands, and the Rhineland. He died poor, in Brompton, London, 7 January 1841. O'Connor was married – his wife's name was Anastatia. Gallery List of paintings The list below contains an incomplete list of his works and gives either the owner (in 1985) or the location of where the original is found today (or both). References Bibliography Hutchinson, John. James Arthur O'Connor. Dublin: The National Gallery of Ireland, 1985. . Further reading External links O'Connor painting at AskArt O'Connor at Wolverhampton Arts Category:1792 births Category:1841 deaths Category:19th-century Irish painters Category:Irish male painters Category:Irish landscape painters Category:People from Dublin (city)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Charles Fenno Jacobs Charles Fenno Jacobs (December 14, 1904 – June 27, 1974) was an American photographer in the mid-20th century. Biography Jacobs was born in Waltham, Massachusetts. His Dutch-descended father was a steamfitter. An enfant terrible extraordinaire, he did not graduate from high school and rumor has it he dropped out or was expelled in 8th grade. In spite of this, he got an education on the fly, read a great deal of contemporary literature, met almost everyone of the period worth knowing and was a fine journalistic writer. His older sister Frances reports that he was the red-headed scourge of the neighborhood as a child. Reaching his majority, he joined the Merchant Marines and traveled the world for a period of years. After leaving the Merchant Marines, he moved to New York where he married his first wife, Kit, and began his career as a photographer by taking pictures for a commercial real estate firm. With his first 35mm camera, he also began taking candid shots of New Yorkers and of New York and began going to magazine offices, offering to work for practically nothing, according to his third wife, Gloria, who was at the time of their meeting a Fortune magazine researcher. His particular talent was in catching his subjects at their most revealing moments. He became a photographer for Time, Inc. and was soon traveling as a photographer throughout South America as well as the United States, taking pictures that wound up in Life, National Geographic, U.S. Camera and Fortune. Some of his more memorable photos were of the Mexico City flower market and agave fields in Mexico, a Bolivian toddler on the back of her mother, one large black eye fixed on the photographer, a down-at-heels banana dictator in a gilt-braided uniform, and his color covers for Fortune were always striking. He married his second wife, Marjorie Kent, in New York in 1941 and they had two daughters, Shelley Isom and Kathe Stolz. Shortly after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Edward Steichen recruited Jacobs to join his Naval Aviation Photographic Unit. The U.S. Navy had established this special group to document and publicize its aviation activities. Jacobs, like the other photographers in the Naval Aviation Photographic Unit, followed Steichen's advice to concentrate on the human side of modern war. He photographed aircraft workers in California, capturing the then novel sight of female factory workers. On another assignment he photographed life aboard the battleship USS New Jersey, shooting the activities of the crew off- and on-duty. Other of Jacobs's images capture the earnestness of young aviation cadets, the humiliation of a Japanese prisoner of war on the deck of an aircraft carrier, and melancholy scenes of Navy pilots on leave with their dates. When the war ended, Jacobs and two of his colleagues, Horace Bristol and Victor Jorgensen, still dressed in uniforms, walked into the offices of Fortune and boldly proposed that the magazine hire them, and assign each a different part of the world as his beat. The magazine agreed and Jacobs was assigned to cover Europe in the immediate postwar years. He photographed the airlift to Berlin, German post-war politics and landscape, the industrial Ruhr and images of the ruined German cities. He spent time in eastern Europe, documenting life under Communism, as well as in France, Italy and the British Isles. A photograph of Jacobs was in the Family of Man exhibition, created by Edward Steichen in 1955 at the Museum of Modern Art in New York, which resulted in a book of the same name. Since then Jacobs' work has appeared in several major shows and a book Steichen at War: The Navy's Pacific Air Battles. In later life, Jacobs opened two restaurants, one on Maryland's Eastern Shore—grudgingly frying up hamburgers when obliged to instead of his wonderful soft shelled crabs with smithfield ham or chicken à la Maryland—and one in Marlboro, Vermont, where he fed, among others, the members of the Budapest Quartet and pianist Rudolph Serkin. A glowing review in the New York Times by Craig Claiborne provided him with customers for a summer. Later he became an editor for a yachting magazine named Skipper based in Annapolis, Maryland, whose chief editor was Victor Jorgensen, fellow Navy photographer and longtime friend. A lover of yachting who once took his first wife down the Mississippi River, Jacobs bought a beautiful Old Matthews 42 foot yacht on which he traveled down the inland waterway to Florida. He lived on the boat several years with his third wife, Gloria. They were divorced but remained close friends for the rest of their lives. He eventually and reluctantly retired and he died suddenly in Englewood, New Jersey, with his then partner, Helen Herbstman. References External links National Archives and Records Administration Category:1904 births Category:1975 deaths Category:People from Waltham, Massachusetts Category:American people of Dutch descent Category:American photojournalists Category:War photographers	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Department of Industry, Science and Tourism The Department of Industry, Science and Tourism (also called DIST) was an Australian government department that existed between March 1996 and October 1998. Scope Information about the department's functions and/or government funding allocation could be found in the Administrative Arrangements Orders, the annual Portfolio Budget Statements, in the Department's annual reports and on the Department's website. According to the Administrative Arrangements Order (AAO) made on 11 March 1996, the Department dealt with: Manufacturing and commerce including industries development Science and technology, including industrial research and development Export services Marketing, including export promotion, of manufactures and services Investment promotion Small business Tourism, including the tourist industry and participation in international expositions Construction industry Duties of customs and excise Bounties on the production of goods Offsets, to the extent not dealt with by the Department of Defence Patents of inventions and designs, and trade marks Consumer affairs Weights and measures Civil space program Structure The Department was an Australian Public Service department, staffed by officials who were responsible to the Minister for Industry, Science and Tourism, John Moore. As at 1997, the Department was headed by a Secretary, and had nine divisions, six state offices and eight overseas posts. The Secretary of the Department was Greg Taylor (until December 1996) and then Russell Higgins. References Category:Ministries established in 1996 Industry, Science and Tourism Category:1998 disestablishments in Australia Category:1996 establishments in Australia	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Kwademu Kwademu is a settlement in Kenya's Coast Province. References Category:Populated places in Coast Province	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Don Q Don Q is a Puerto Rican rum, distilled, manufactured, bottled, and distributed by Destilería Serrallés from its corporate facility in Ponce, Puerto Rico. Don Q, "Puerto Rico's best-known rum", is the top-selling rum in Puerto Rico, where over 70% of the rum consumed in the United States is produced. The rum derives its name from Don Quixote, the protagonist in Miguel Cervantes' classic Spanish novel. The rum is sold internationally, competing against Bacardi for market share. Available in the United States since June 2009, Don Q continues to outsell Bacardi in Puerto Rico. History The Serrallés family migrated from Catalonia to Puerto Rico in the mid-1830s, and established a sugar cane plantation in the outskirts of Ponce. They were successful in harvesting and refining cane sugar and exporting it to the United States, the United Kingdom and France. The plantation became very prosperous, and virtually became a company town, with its own rail line, workers' housing, transportation fleet, commissary, and private—later public—airport (Ponce's Mercedita Airport). Most of these operations were eventually annexed to the municipality of Ponce, in whose lands the plantation is based. In 1865, the family opened a rum manufacturer at the plantation, "Hacienda Mercedita". On that year, Juan Serrallés, who would go down as one of the most successful liquor salesmen in Puerto Rican history, imported a still from France, which enabled him to produce his first casks of rum. The Serrallés operation produced various local rum brands, most of which were short-lived. Inspired by the success of other rum producers in the island, the family decided to launch a refined brand with the intention of exporting it elsewhere. The Don Q brand was launched in 1932, and became popular with locals who considered rival Bacardi either harsher in taste or a foreign brand (when Bacardí opened its distilling operations in Puerto Rico in the early 1930s it was considered a Cuban brand since its headquarters were in Cuba; since the 1960s Cuban revolution, Bacardi has had its headquarters in Bermuda). By the 1960s, Don Q was available on most of Puerto Rico's important supermarket chains, such as Pueblo and others. It also became available at Amigo. Distillation process Don Q is distilled from sugar cane. The combination of the type of yeasts employed for fermentation, distillation method, aging conditions, and blending determines the characteristic flavor of rum. Made with molasses, water, mash, and yeast, Don Q is distilled in a continuous still. Once distilled, the clear spirit is aged in oak barrels for up to a year per Puerto Rican law, adding a golden color and character to the rum. Flavors and spices, if any, are added as an option at this point. The brand’s taste is achieved through a proprietary recipe, which is blended into the rum mixture at the final stages of production. Advertising and sales Currently, Don Q is sold in the United States, Mexico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Spain, and a number of other countries. Don Q is the best-selling rum in Puerto Rico. Destileria Serrallés has been engaged in numerous advertising campaigns for its rums. Television ads have run on Puerto Rican channels for decades, and the brand has sponsored local sports teams, such as Ponce's Leones de Ponce baseball team and their BSN counterpart the Leones de Ponce basketball team. Don Q also has appeared on a number of films. Small sample bottles of the Don Q are available at supermarkets, pharmacies, and liquor stores. International awards and recognitions Despite focusing on the middle and lower end of the price spectrum, five of seven Don Q offerings have achieved a modicum of success at international spirit ratings competitions. For example, its Don Q Gran Añejo rum earned one double gold, two silver, and one bronze medals at the San Francisco World Spirits Competitions between 2008 and 2012. Also, in 2010, Don Q scored high at the Spirits International Prestige (SIP) Awards, in San Diego, California. Competing against hundreds of rums from around the globe, Don Q Añejo, Don Q Gran Añejo, Don Q Cristal, Don Q Coco, Don Q Mojito and Don Q Limón were awarded rankings in the “Platinum-Best in Class” and “Gold” categories. In this competition, according to Alberto "Tito" Torruella Bartolomei, Don Q's VP for Manufacturing, all of the Don Q products brought to the competition received awards. Unlike other awards, the SIP Awards select consumers for judges. "It is not the first time that Destilería Serrallés receives an international award. In a recent competition in Las Vegas, Nevada, Don Q Cristal received the top award within the category “Best Mojito”. Don Q Oro also received an award. In September 2011, the American Academy of Hospitality Sciences awarded Don Q Gran Añejo a five-star rating, something they "don't award to just any rum...In fact they found only one worthy enough of this honor: DonQ Gran Añejo...Gran Añejo is the first rum ever to receive this rare distinction, reserved for the greatest achievements in travel, hospitality products and services. The American Academy of Hospitality Sciences Board of Trustees recognized in Destilería Serrallés for DonQ Gran Añejo exceptional quality and character.In popular culture Don Q has been featured in the 2012 motion picture comedy Ted.DonQ Rum featured in the movie Ted. Top News Today. 10 July 2012. Retrieved 18 December 2012. According to a July 5, 2012, article by Robert Haynes-Peterson in Examiner.com, "The DonQ in question turns up at a drug- and Flash Gordon-fueled party scene which also serves as a pivotal turning point in the story. Gearing up to do shots, Wahlberg grabs the nearest bottle of rum and turns it to the camera for a lingering several seconds." It is also mentioned in the song "Come Get Her" by Rae Sremmurd. Don Q sponsor the AV Club Game Show Pick a Choice'' and bottles of it are frequently prizes on the show. Types Don Q has been produced in a number of different types, some of the most prominent being: Don Q Cristal Don Q Limón (Lime Flavored Rum) Don Q Pasión (Passion Fruit Flavored Rum) Don Q Coco (Coconut Flavored Rum) Don Q Mojito (Lime & Mint Flavored Rum) Don Q Gold Don Q 151 Don Q Añejo Don Q Gran Añejo Don Q Double Aged Rum Don Q Signature Release Single Barrel 2007 Don Q Oak Barrel Spiced See also List of Puerto Rican rums Juan Serralles Castillo Serrallés Destilería Serrallés Ponce, Puerto Rico References External links website website Proof66 Proof66.com Liquor Ratings and Review Aggregator Category:1865 establishments in Puerto Rico Category:Alcoholic drink brands Category:Puerto Rican brands Category:Rums produced in Puerto Rico Category:Rums	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Dunstable Road Dunstable Road, also known as Bury Park, was a football ground in Luton, England. It was the home ground of Luton Town between 1897 and 1905. History The ground was located between Dunstable Road and the now-closed railway line between Luton and Dunstable. Luton moved to the site in 1897 from their previous Dallow Lane ground, and Dunstable Road was officially opened on 3 April 1897 by the Duke of Bedford, who also donated £50 towards the £800 building costs. The match saw Luton beat Loughborough 3–0 in the United League. The ground initially consisted of a covered seated stand on the eastern touchline, a covered standing area on the western touchline and raised embankments around the rest of the pitch. After finishing as runners-up on the United League in the 1896–97 season, Luton were elected to the Second Division of the Football League. The first Football League match at the ground was played on 11 September 1897, with Luton beating Gainsborough Trinity 4–0. The highest league attendance was recorded later in the season, when 5,000 saw Luton beat Grimsby Town on 27 December 1897. However, by the 1899–1900 season attendances had fallen as low as 500. Luton finished second-bottom of the Second Division and chose not to stand for re-election, instead dropping into the Southern League for the following season. The final Football League match at the ground saw Luton lose 2–1 to Small Heath on 21 April 1900 in front of 1,000 spectators. In 1905 the site was sold for housing, and the club moved to Kenilworth Road, around 200 metres away. The site is now a mix of residential and commercial developments. References Category:Defunct football venues in England Category:Sports venues in Bedfordshire Category:English Football League venues Category:Luton Town F.C.	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
FM broadcasting in Canada The history of FM broadcasting started just after World War II ended, but the experimental FM network did not begin until 1960. Domestic FM networks The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation's (CBC) first FM outlets were built in Montreal for English and French service (two stations), and one each in Toronto, Ottawa and Vancouver. At least one station, CKOI-FM in Montreal, is licensed for over 300 kW (307,000 watts). Regulation of Canadian content One of the more contentious parts of Canadian broadcast history is the Canadian content (Cancon) requirements. Launched in 1970, to maintain a sense of Canadian stations being "Canadian", it required 35% of all broadcast content be of Canadian origin. With music, a special system was created to clarify what is considered Canadian content and what isn't. Last modified in 1991, most compact discs and cassettes in Canada come with the MAPL symbol on them. Canadian content is calculated by a simple circle divided into four parts (M, A, P and L) Two of the four parts must be shaded to be considered Canadian content. M = Music A = Artist P = Producer L = Lyrics In the late 1990s and into the new century, there has been a real migration of Canadian AM stations onto the FM dial. In some cases, the AM channel is left idle, in others "specialized" stations have taken over. Community broadcasting Most Canadian cities of 50,000 or more people tend to have a community radio station. Typically these stations operate between 1000 W to 5000 W on FM. Aboriginal broadcasting FM regulatory aspects In 1991, Section 3 of the Broadcasting Act was amended to state that "the Canadian broadcasting system ... should ... reflect ... the special place of Aboriginal peoples within (Canadian) society ... ", and that " ... programming that reflects the Aboriginal cultures of Canada should be provided within the Canadian broadcasting system as resources become available for the purpose." Aboriginal broadcasting has been mostly a post 1980s phenomena in Canada, and has only had formal regulatory support since the 1990s. Mostly the broadcasting has been on the FM band, as the AM band in Canada is mostly full and has been at capacity due to US night-time MW signals reaching into Canada. Mileposts in aboriginal broadcasting Aboriginal broadcasting in Canada is mostly on the FM band. In June 2000, the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) announced that Aboriginal Voices Radio had been granted a licence for a station in Toronto, with transmitter on the CN Tower. While only 2% of the content would be in Aboriginal languages, the CRTC stipulated that the programming should be " ... oriented to the native population, and reflect the specific interests and needs of that audience." In October 2000, Aboriginal Voices applied for a licence to operate a radio network for First Nations audiences, and the application was granted in February 2001. AVR was later granted licences for stations in Ottawa, Calgary, Vancouver, Kitchener-Waterloo and Montreal. Separately from Aboriginal Voices, numerous smaller First Nations radio stations operate in local communities, although each often serves a large geographic region through the use of rebroadcast transmitters. Such operations include CFNR-FM in Northern British Columbia, the Missinipi Broadcasting Corporation in Saskatchewan, CFWE-FM in Alberta, the Wawatay Native Communications Society in Northwestern Ontario and the Taqramiut Nipingat network in Quebec. Aboriginal radio stations Organizational format [Call Letters; City/Town, Province] CFIE-FM Toronto, Ontario CFNR-FM Terrace, British Columbia CFWE-FM Edmonton, Alberta CHCR-FM Killaloe, Ontario CHFN-FM Wiarton, Ontario CHLE-FM Yellowknife, Northwest Territories CHMO-FM Moosonee, Ontario CHMZ-FM Tofino, British Columbia CHON-FM Whitehorse, Yukon CINC-FM Winnipeg, Manitoba CJLR-FM La Ronge, Saskatchewan CKON-FM Akwesasne, Ontario CKRK-FM Kahnawake, Quebec CKRZ-FM Ohsweken, Ontario CKTI-FM Kettle Point, Ontario CKUN-FM Christian Island, Ontario CKWO-FM Fort Frances, Ontario Station identification Historical notes The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) originally assigned the call letter blocks VAA to VGZ to Canada. For a while, UWA-UZZ was assigned to Canada, but deleted in 1934. Also in 1934, Canada was assigned the blocks CFA-CKZ and VXA-VYZ originally assigned to "Great Britain and protectorates," and CYA-CZZ, originally assigned to Mexico. Current practices Newfoundland and Labrador was assigned VOA-VOZ, and was assimilated into Canada's assignment when Newfoundland became part of Canada on April 1, 1949. Canadian station normally use call letters from the CFAA-CFZZ and CHAA-CKZZ blocks. Current subcarrier services These are currently permitted subcarrier services, as allowed by the CRTC Radio Data System Directband External links CFWE-FM Category:Radio in Canada	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Prokopovych Prokopovych is a Ukrainian-language patronymic surname derived from the Slavic first name Prokop, from Latin name Procopius. It corresponds to Polish Prokopowicz, Belarusian Prakapovich and Russian Prokopovich. "Prokopovych" may also be a patronymic part of a full East Slavic name, however with a different pronunciation: the surname has the penultimate accent, while the patronymic retains the accent of the first name Prokop, i.e., on the second syllable. The surname Prokopovych may refer to: Petro Prokopovych (1775–1850), Ukrainian founder of commercial beekeeping Vyacheslav Prokopovych (1881-1942), Ukrainian politician Category:Ukrainian-language surnames Category:Patronymic surnames	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
The White Paradise The White Paradise (German: Das weisse Paradies) is a 1929 Austrian silent film directed by Max Neufeld and starring Fred Doederlein, Hilde Jennings and Hans Marr. The film's sets were designed by the art director Artur Berger. Cast Fred Doederlein as Kurt Bergen - Skilehrer Hilde Jennings as Inge Hans Marr as Kommerzialrat Krüger, ihr Vater Illa Meery as Lucy Erskine Hans Thimig as Donald Evans Peter C. Leska as Olaf Hardt Eugen Neufeld as John Bird Clementine Plessner as Kramer-Resi References Bibliography Armin Loacker. Kunst der Routine: der Schauspieler und Regisseur Max Neufeld. Filmarchiv Austria, 2008. External links Category:1929 films Category:Austrian films Category:Films directed by Max Neufeld Category:Austrian silent feature films Category:Films set in the Alps Category:Skiing films Category:Austrian black-and-white films	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
2004 National Pro Fastpitch season The 2004 National Pro Fastpitch season was the first season of professional softball under the name National Pro Fastpitch (NPF) for the only professional women's fastpitch softball league in the United States. From 1997 to 2002, NPF operated under the names Women's Pro Fastpitch (WPF) and Women's Pro Softball League (WPSL). Each year, the playoff teams battle for the Cowles Cup. Teams, cities and stadiums Milestones and events The 2004 season was the culmination of years of work to relaunch the Women's Pro Softball League (WPSL) as a new league. In November 2002 the new name for WPSL - National Pro Fastpitch - was announced, along with a 2003 tour and league play beginning in 2004. NPF initially announced a league roster of teams in Akron, Ohio (Akron Racers), Denver, Colo.(Colorado Altitude), Houston and San Antonio, Texas (Texas Thunder and San Antonio Armadillos), Sacramento, Calif. (California Sunbirds), Tucson, Ariz. (Arizona Heat), Lowell, Mass. (New England Riptide), and Parsippany, NJ (NY/NJ Juggernaut). The Racers were the only NPF team that also played in the WPSL. NPF conducted its first player drafts with these eight teams. In March 2004, NPF released its inaugural schedule for 2004 and did not include the Armadillos and the Altitude. Reports allowed for the possibility of both teams joining the league in 2005 or later, but it never came to be. NPF officially launched its first season on June 1, 2004, with three games: the Akron Racers at the Texas Thunder, the Arizona Heat visiting the California Sunbirds, and the New England Riptide at the New York/New Jersey Juggernaut. Player acquisition College draft NPF held tryouts and its first drafts at the 2003 National Fastpitch Coaches Association (NFCA) Convention, at the Del Lago Resort, in Montgomery, Texas December 3–6, 2003. On December 6 at the 2004 NPF Draft, the eight NPF teams selected players in a four-round Elite Draft and a six-round College Senior Draft. San Antonio selected Michigan State first baseman, and Indiana assistant coach Stacey Phillips with the first overall selection in the Elite Draft. In the College Senior Draft Iyhia McMichael of Mississippi State was selected first by the Akron Racers. After the decision was made to launch the 2004 season without the Colorado Altitude and San Antonio Armadillos, a Supplemental Draft was held to allocate players whose rights were held by Colorado and San Antonio. Notable transactions The Juggernaut signed Michele Smith, a two-time Olympic gold medal pitcher (1996 and 2000), and five-time Japan Pro League MVP. The Racers brought on board Danielle Henderson, a member of the 2000 gold medal Olympic team. League standings Source: NPF Championship The 2004 NPF Championship Series was held at Firestone Stadium in Akron, Ohio August 25-9. The top four teams qualified and were seeded based on the final standings. The Racers won the tiebreaker over the Riptide based on winning the head-to-head season series 8-4. All series were planned to be best-of-three games, but that changed when rain cancelled the game 1 of the final on August 28. A single winner-take-all game was played on August 29. Annual awards Source: NPF All-Star Teams The 2004 NPF All-Star Series was held July 13 and 14 at Don E. Porter Hall of Fame Stadium in Oklahoma City, OK. The East All-Star team included players from NY/NJ Juggernaut, the New England Riptide, and the Akron Racers and was managed by the Racers' Judy Martino. The West All-Star team included players from California Sunbirds, the Arizona Heat, and the Texas Thunder and was managed by the Thunder's Wayne Daigle. The USA Olympic softball team played a doubleheader against each NPF All-Star Team on July 13. The Olympians swept the games beating the East 5-0, and edging the West 5-3 in 9 innings. The West All-Stars beat the East by a score of 1-0 on July 14. Nancy Evans was named the Most Valuable Player. All-Star Game note See also List of professional sports leagues List of professional sports teams in the United States and Canada References External links National Pro Fastpitch Category:Softball teams Category:2004 in women's softball Category:2004 in American women's sport Category:Softball in the United States	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Mount Aetna, Pennsylvania Mount Aetna is a census-designated place in Tulpehocken Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania. It is located along Pennsylvania Route 501 near the border of Lebanon County. The community is named after the active volcano, Mount Etna in Sicily. As of the 2010 census, the population was 354 residents. References See also Category:Census-designated places in Berks County, Pennsylvania Category:Census-designated places in Pennsylvania	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Bulbophyllum lissoglossum Bulbophyllum lissoglossum is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum. References The Bulbophyllum-Checklist The Internet Orchid Species Photo Encyclopedia lissoglossum	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Ris-Orangis Ris-Orangis () is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris. Inhabitants of Ris-Orangis are known as Rissois. History The commune of Ris-Orangis was created in 1793 by the merger of the commune of Ris with the commune of Orangis. The commune town hall (mairie) is located in Ris. Education 3,712 students attend municipal schools of Ris-Orangis. They are: Seven preschools (écoles maternelles): des Fauvettes, de la Ferme du Temple, Adrien Guerton, Moulin à Vent, Michel Ordener, Pablo Picasso, and Jacques Derrida. Six elementary schools: Jules Boulestix, de la Ferme du Temple, Adrien Guerton, Moulin à Vent, Orangis, Michel Ordener Junior high schools include: Collège Albert Camus Collège Jean Lurçat There is one senior high school, Lycée Pierre Mendès France. Personalities Chris Gadi, footballer Sébastien Haller, footballer Anjali Thakker, New Zealand international ice and inline hockey player Jacques Derrida Lloyd Cole, Musician who played infamous gig at the illustrious Le Plan venue Transport Ris-Orangis is served by three stations on Paris RER line D: Ris-Orangis, Grand-Bourg, and Orangis – Bois de l'Épine. See also Communes of the Essonne department References INSEE Mayors of Essonne Association External links Official website Mérimée database - Cultural heritage Land use (IAURIF) Category:Communes of Essonne	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Lincoln Alexander Public School Lincoln Alexander Public School may refer to: Schools named after The Honourable Lincoln Alexander Schools named in honour of Lincoln Alexander, former federal Member of Parliament, former federal cabinet minister, former Lieutenant Governor of Ontario. Elementary schools Lincoln Alexander Public School in Ajax, Ontario, part of the Durham District School Board Lincoln Alexander Public School in Hamilton, Ontario, part of the Hamilton-Wentworth District School Board Lincoln Alexander Public School in Markham, Ontario part of the York Region District School Board Other Lincoln M. Alexander Secondary School in Mississauga, Ontario, part of the Peel District School Board	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum Authority The Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum Authority is a joint powers agency established by the City of Oakland and the County of Alameda to finance improvements to the Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum Complex, and to manage the Coliseum Complex on behalf of the City and the County. It is governed by a Board Commissioners that meets monthly. The Coliseum Authority contracts with AEG Facilities to operate the Coliseum Complex, which comprises the RingCentral Coliseum and Oakland Arena. The agency's operations are headed by a chairman (e.g. Alameda County Supervisor Scott Haggerty) and an executive director (e.g. Ann Haley). In 2019, Alameda County agreed to sell their interest in the complex to the Oakland Athletics for $85 million over five years as part of a planned re-development of the site by the Athletics into a "multi-sports facility" that would include affordable housing and parks and help finance a new ballpark for the team at the Port of Oakland. See also Rebecca Kaplan Keith Carson Carole Ward Allen References External links Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum Authority website Oaklandfocus.blogspot: "SMG and Coliseum Authority" (2006) Category:Government of Alameda County, California Category:Government of Oakland, California Category:Sports in Oakland, California Category:Sports in Alameda County, California Category:County government agencies in California	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Hemiechinus Hemiechinus is a genus of hedgehogs. It contains two species, found in Central and South Asia. Species Long-eared hedgehog (Hemiechinus auritus), [Iran] Indian long-eared hedgehog (Hemiechinus collaris) References Category:Mammal genera Category:Taxa named by Leopold Fitzinger	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Steve Magoffin Steven James "Steve" Magoffin (born 17 December 1979) is a former Australian cricketer, who most recently played for Worcestershire in English county cricket, and having previously played for Western Australia and Queensland in Australian domestic matches. He has also played county cricket as an overseas player for Surrey and Sussex. A former Queensland Academy of Sport player, Magoffin made his debut for WA in 2004-05 where he played every Pura Cup in the season, finishing with 28 wickets at 35.10. He has a career-best haul of 8 for 20, playing for Sussex against Somerset in 2013. He played a few matches for Surrey in April and May, 2007 as a substitute for Matthew Nicholson. In 2015, Magoffin applied for a UK passport, thus making him a naturalised UK player. External links Category:1979 births Category:Australian cricketers Category:Cricketers from Brisbane Category:Living people Category:Queensland cricketers Category:Surrey cricketers Category:Sussex cricketers Category:Western Australia cricketers Category:Worcestershire cricketers	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Zachary Cale Zachary Cale (born 1978) is an American songwriter and musician who grew up in Louisiana but currently lives in Brooklyn, NY. His music combines elements of folk, country, blues, rock and pop styles. His "moody lyrics and accomplished guitar playing have drawn comparisons to Leonard Cohen and John Fahey, and his voice, in its lower register, is eerily reminiscent of early Bob Dylan." He has also been compared to Townes Van Zandt, John Martyn, Donovan, and Nick Drake, and his music has been described as both "emotionally resonant" and "delicate". Music career 2005 to 2008 In 2005, Cale's debut album, Outlander Sessions, was released on New World of Sound Records. This same year he was invited by CFA (Contemporary Fine Arts) gallery in Berlin to perform songs in an art installation entitled "Mutter" that was created by visual artists Jonathan Meese and Tal R and initially set up at the Statens Museum for Kunst (Copenhagen, Denmark). Cale also traveled with the show performing in the Diechtorhallen in Hamburg, Germany, the Frankfurt Art Fair, and at Bortolami Dayan Gallery in New York. Later in 2005, in the space that once housed Bearsville Studios, he began recording his second album, Walking Papers. Three years after it was recorded, the album was released in December 2008 via All Hands Electric. In 2008 he also released a full band rock album under the name, Illuminations. 2011 to 2015 2011 saw the release of Cale's third album, Noise of Welcome, which caught the attention of Dan Bejar of Destroyer. In September 2013, Cale released Blue Rider, "...a departure from the more robust compositions contained in 2011's Noise of Welcome, ...[diving] deep into heartland-lovin' minimalism." 2015 saw the release of Cale's Duskland on No Quarter Records, "an album of fleeting, thorny significance." spun with "gentle allegories with varied but minimal instrumentation." Live Shows Zachary Cale has toured the US and Europe, and has shared stages with Kurt Vile, Deer Tick, Foxygen, Yeasayer, Michael Chapman, Wooden Wand, Gary War, The Black Swans, Julianna Barwick, Martha Wainwright, Six Organs of Admittance, O'Death, Justin Townes Earle, Hiss Golden Messenger, and Robyn Hitchcock. He has played international music festivals such as Incubate (festival), Reeperbahn Festival, CMJ Music Marathon, and the End of the Road Festival in Dorset, UK, in October 2013 he opened for the band Crystal Stilts on a US tour, and opened for Dan Bejar's (Destroyer) solo tour in Fall 2016. All Hands Electric Cale also co-runs the Brooklyn, independent record label, All Hands Electric, with visual artist Ryan Johnson and musician/graphic designer Alfra Martini. Discography Albums Outlander Sessions (New World of Sound, 2005) Walking Papers (All Hands Electric, 2008) See-Saw (as Illuminations, All Hands Electric, 2008) Noise of Welcome (All Hands Electric/Adagio 830, 2011) Blue Rider (Electric Ragtime/All Hands Electric/JellyFant, 2013) Duskland (No Quarter, 2015) Singles "Come Quietly" (All Hands Electric, 2010) "Love Everlasting" (Dull Knife, 2012) References Further reading Moeller, Sean. "The Cut Of The Rust". Daytrotter. September 25, 2011. http://www.daytrotter.com/#!/concert/the-zachary-cale-band/20055161-3738551 "Zachary Cale The Survivalist". The Creature of Songs. May 4, 2013. http://creatureofsongs.blogspot.com/2013/05/zachary-cale-survivalist.html External links Official Website All Hands Electric Official Songkick Page (Tours) Official Facebook Page Category:1978 births Category:Living people	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Osoyoos Indian Band The Osoyoos Indian Band is a First Nations government in the Canadian province of British Columbia, located in the town of Osoyoos in the Okanagan valley, approximately four kilometres north of the Canada–United States border. They are a member of the Okanagan Nation Alliance. The band controls about 32,000 acres of land in the vicinity of the town of Osoyoos. The band's Nk'Mip Desert Cultural Centre (pronounced “in-Ka-meep”) is located on the east side of Osoyoos. The centre gives tours in the arid region (similar to desert, but actually shrub-steppe) and explains the uniqueness of the plant species found there. The current chief of the band is Clarence Louie. Louie has pushed for economic self-reliance by expanding investments, including a vineyard and winery, a four-star resort, and a 9-hole golf course. There are more than 400 band members who live and work on the reserve. See also Okanagan people External links Osoyoos Indian Band website References Category:Okanagan Category:Syilx governments	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Veličković Veličković (Cyrillic script: Величковић) is a Serbian patronymic surname derived from a masculine given name Veličko. It may refer to: Dušan Veličković, Serbian writer, journalist and filmmaker Jasna Veličković (born 1974), composer living in the Netherlands since 2001 Nenad Veličković (born 1962), prose writer and playwright from Bosnia and Herzegovina Novica Veličković (born 1986), Serbian professional basketball player Vladimir Veličković (born 1935), one of the most prominent Serbian painters Vukša Veličković (born 1979), Serbian writer, journalist and cultural critic Category:Serbian-language surnames Category:Patronymic surnames	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Uwe Maerz Uwe Maerz (born 6 October 1969) is a German lightweight rower. He won a gold medal at the 1996 World Rowing Championships in Motherwell with the lightweight men's eight. References Category:1969 births Category:Living people Category:German male rowers Category:World Rowing Championships medalists for Germany	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Riad Salamé Riad Salamé (born July 17, 1950 in Lebanon) is the Lebanese Governor of the Banque du Liban – central bank of Lebanon since August 1, 1993. A leading figure in the global banking sector in the 2000s and 2010s and a key player in the Lebanese economy, Salameh is considered as a major actor in steering the Lebanese economy clear of financial meltdown during the 2008 financial crisis. He is also credited to have maintained monetary stability during the assassination of Prime Minister Rafic Hariri, the 2006 Lebanon War, the beginning of the Syrian uprising and civil war in 2011 and the 2017 Lebanon–Saudi Arabia dispute. Riad Salamé was appointed Governor by decree, approved by the Council of Ministers for a renewable term of six years. He was reappointed for four consecutive terms; in 1999, 2005, 2011 and 2017. Riad Salamé chairs the Banque du Liban's Central Council, the Higher Banking Commission, the AML/CFT Special Investigation Commission and the Capital Markets Authority. Riad Salameh is also a member of the Board of Governors at the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and at the Arab Monetary Fund (AMF). Early life Born to a Christian Maronite family on July 17, 1950 in Lebanon, Riad Salamé is the son of Toufic Salamé and Renée Romanos. Riad Salamé attended the Jesuits’ Collège Notre Dame de Jamhour and then graduated with a BA in Economics from the American University of Beirut. Career Between 1973 and 1993, Riad Salamé worked at Merrill Lynch’s offices in Beirut and Paris as an executive manager. He then became Vice-President and Financial Advisor of Merrill Lynch. Riad Salamé became Governor of Lebanon's central bank, on August 1, 1993. He was subsequently reappointed for four consecutive terms in 1999, 2005, 2011 and 2017. Riad Salamé also chairs the BDL Central Council, the Higher Banking Commission, the AML/CFT Special Investigation Commission and the Capital Markets Authority. He is a member of the Board of Governors at the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and at the Arab Monetary Fund (AMF). In 2012, Riad Salamé chaired the Annual Meetings of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank Group in Tokyo. On July 1, 2013, Salamé began a two-year term to co-chair the Financial Stability Board (FSB) Regional Advisory Group for the Middle East and North Africa. He was also Chairman of the Board of Governors of the AMF in 2013. Lebanon during the 2008 global financial crisis Edward Gardner of the International Monetary Fund praised Salameh's policies: "You could have thought they had a crystal ball. It was very wise of the Lebanese regulators not to get involved in all these risky international investments that turned out to be the doom of many banking systems." In a 2009 interview with Executive magazine, when asked about when will Lebanon feel the impacts of the global financial crisis, Salameh answered: References Category:1950 births Category:Living people Category:Lebanese bankers Category:Governors of Banque du Liban Category:Lebanese Maronites Category:People from Keserwan District Category:Collège Notre Dame de Jamhour alumni Category:American University of Beirut alumni	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Hermiston Reversionary Interest Release Act The Hermiston Reversionary Interest Release Act () is a bill that would release the interest of the United States in some land currently being used for the Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center in Oregon. This would enable the Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center to relocate without the land it is currently on being returned to the federal government. The bill passed the United States House of Representatives during the 113th United States Congress. Background According to the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), it "regularly leases and conveys lands to local governments and nonprofit entities for a variety of public purposes." Those organizations agree to use the land for a public purpose and are able to purchase it at below market value, provided that they return the land or pay the cost difference if they decide to use the land to do something else. In 1950, ordered the BLM to turn over some land in Oregon over to the state of Oregon for agricultural experiments, with the United States keeping all mineral rights. Those lands are now the subject of this bill. Provisions of the bill This summary is based largely on the summary provided by the Congressional Research Service, a public domain source. The Hermiston Reversionary Interest Release Act would release without consideration any reservation or reversionary interest retained by the United States in connection with the conveyance of certain land by the United States to Oregon depicted as "Reversionary Interest Area" on the map entitled "Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center" dated July 23, 2013. Congressional Budget Office report This summary is based largely on the summary provided by the Congressional Budget Office, as ordered reported by the House Committee on Natural Resources on March 18, 2014. This is a public domain source. H.R. 3366 would require the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) to convey a reversionary interest in about 290 acres of land to the State of Oregon. The affected lands were conveyed to the state under the condition that interest in the lands would revert to BLM if the state stopped using the land for certain agricultural purposes. Under the bill, that condition would no longer apply. Based on information provided by BLM, the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimates that implementing the legislation would have no significant effect on the federal budget. Because we expect that the affected lands would not generate any receipts for the federal government over the next 10 years, CBO estimates that enacting the legislation would not affect direct spending or revenues; therefore, pay-as-you-go procedures do not apply. H.R. 3366 contains no intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act. Procedural history The Hermiston Reversionary Interest Release Act was introduced into the United States House of Representatives on October 29, 2013 by Rep. Greg Walden (R, OR-2). The bill was referred to the United States House Committee on Natural Resources and the United States House Natural Resources Subcommittee on Public Lands and Environmental Regulation. It was reported (amended) by the committee on April 4, 2014 alongside House Report 113-402. The bill passed the House in a voice vote on May 28, 2014. Debate and discussion At a hearing of the House Natural Resources Subcommittee on Public Lands and Environmental Regulation on February 26, 2014, Assistant Director Michael D. Need of the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) testified that BLM could not support the bill unless a variety of amendments were made to its text. The BLM wants the State of Oregon, who would receive the land, to pay for an appraisal of the land (to be conducted by the Department of the Interior's Office of Valuation Services) and then pay the market value of the land. BLM also wants a map of the land in question included in the bill so that there is no confusion. Supporters say that the bill would allow the Center to be moved and the land to be sold to the city to help it grow. According to Rep. Walden, who introduced the bill, the "center has fueled these innovations and helped growers in the region maximize use of precious water, fight off new pests and diseases, and achieve record-breaking yields. This common-sense legislation simply places the home of the research center back fully under (local) control." The research center is currently inside the city limits of Hermiston, which it wasn't at the tie it was built. Hermiston Mayor David Drotzmann supported the bill, saying the "reversionary interest that the federal government maintains over the Hermiston experiment station deprives our community and OSU of the flexibility it needs to maximize the value of the property and the research done there. As our city continues to rapidly expand around the station, the reversionary interest stands in the way of future development." See also List of bills in the 113th United States Congress References External links Library of Congress - Thomas H.R. 3366 beta.congress.gov H.R. 3366 GovTrack.us H.R. 3366 OpenCongress.org H.R. 3366 WashingtonWatch.com H.R. 3366 Congressional Budget Office's report on H.R. 3366 House Report 113-402 on H.R. 3366 Category:Proposed legislation of the 113th United States Congress Category:Hermiston, Oregon	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
HMS Chichester Six ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Chichester, after the city of Chichester: was an 80-gun second rate launched in 1695. She was rebuilt in 1706 and broken up in 1749. was a 70-gun third rate launched in 1753 and broken up in 1803. was a 44-gun fifth rate launched in 1785. She became a storeship in 1799, was lent to the West India Dock Company as a training ship, and was broken up in 1815. HMS Chichester was a 26-gun storeship, formerly the French corvette , launched in 1806 and captured in 1809; Chichester was wrecked in 1811. was a 52-gun fourth rate launched in 1843, but laid up that year. She was lent as a training ship in 1866 and was sold in 1889. was a launched in 1955 and broken up in 1981. References Category:Royal Navy ship names	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Qandak-e Khurdeh Malkin Qandak-e Khurdeh Malkin (, also Romanized as Qandaḵ-e Khūrdeh Mālḵīn) is a village in Zam Rural District, Pain Jam District, Torbat-e Jam County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 281, in 60 families. References Category:Populated places in Torbat-e Jam County	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
David Dalrymple, Lord Hailes Sir David Dalrymple, Lord Hailes, 3rd Baronet of Hailes (28 October 172629 November 1792) was a Scottish advocate, judge and historian, born in Edinburgh. Life His father, Sir James Dalrymple, 2nd Baronet of Hailes, near Haddington, was Auditor of the Exchequer in Scotland, and was a grandson of James Dalrymple, 1st Viscount of Stair; and his mother, Lady Christian Hamilton, was a daughter of Thomas Hamilton, 6th Earl of Haddington. He was the eldest of sixteen children. He was educated at Eton, and studied law at Utrecht. In 1748 upon his return to Scotland from Utrecht he was admitted an Advocate. He succeeded to his father's baronetcy upon his death in 1751, inheriting Newhailes House in Musselburgh. It is said that as a pleader he attained neither high distinction nor very extensive practice, but he rapidly established a well-deserved reputation for sound knowledge, unwearied application and strict probity, and in 1766 he was elevated to the bench in the Court of Session where he assumed the title of Lord Hailes. Ten years later he was appointed a Lord of Justiciary. His Edinburgh townhouse was at 23 New Street, north of the Canongate. He died at Newhailes House on 29 November 1792. He is buried in the family mausoleum at Morham churchyard near Haddington, East Lothian. Family He was twice married: firstly in 1763, to Anne Broun, daughter of Sir George Broun, Lord Coalston, a Lord of Session, by whom he had a daughter, Christian (d.1838). He secondly married, on 20 March 1770, Helen Fergusson (d. 1799), daughter of Sir James Fergusson, Baronet, of Kilkerran, Ayrshire, by whom he had another daughter, Jean (d.1803) who married her cousin, James Fergusson, Esq., and left issue. Upon the death of Lord Hailes, his baronetcy passed to his nephew, James, 4th Bt., the son of his brother John Dalrymple, Lord Provost of Edinburgh. Chambers provides an interesting anecdote in Traditions of Edinburgh about Lord Hailes's death. His daughter, Christian, nearly lost the inheritance of Newhailes House when his will could not be found. Facing eviction in favor of the male heir (cousin James), she sent her domestic staff to lock up and shutter the Edinburgh house in New Street. Upon closing the shutters, "Lord Hailes's will dropped out upon the floor from behind a panel, and was found to secure her [daughter Christian] in the possession of his estates, which she enjoyed for upwards of forty years." Lord Hailes as historian Lord Hailes's most important contribution to literature was the Annals of Scotland, of which the first volume, From the accession of Malcolm III, surnamed Canmore, to the accession of Robert I, appeared in 1776, and the second, From the accession of Robert I, surnamed Bruce, to the accession of the house of Stewart, in 1779. It is, as his friend Dr Johnson justly described this work at the time of its appearance, a "Dictionary" of carefully sifted facts, which tells all that is wanted and all that is known, but without any laboured splendour of language or affected subtlety of conjecture. The other works of Lord Hailes include: Historical Memoirs concerning the Provincial Councils of the Scottish Clergy (1769) An Examination of some of the Arguments for the High Antiquity of Regiam Majestatem (1769) Remains of Christian Antiquity, 3 vols. Remarks on the History of Scotland (1773) Account of the Martyrs of Smyrna and Lyons in the Second Century, 1776 The Trials of Justin Martyr, Cyprian, etc., 1778 The History of the Martyrs of Palestine, translated from Eusebius, 1780 Disquisitions concerning the Antiquities of the Christian Church (1783) editions or translations of portions of Lactantius, Tertullian and Minucius Felix. In 1786 he published An Inquiry into the Secondary Causes which Mr Gibbon has assigned for the Rapid Growth of Christianity (Dutch translation, Utrecht, 1793), one of the most respectable of the very many replies which were made to the famous 15th and 16th chapters of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. A Memoir of Lord Hailes is prefixed to the 1808 reprint of his Inquiry into the Secondary Causes. Notes References The Extinct and Dormant Baronetcies of England, Ireland, and Scotland, by Messrs. John and John Bernard Burke, second edition, London, 1841, p. 620. External links David Dalrymple, Lord Hailes at James Boswell - a Guide Dalrymple, David, Lord Hailes Dalrymple, David, Lord Hailes Dalrymple, David, 3rd Baronet Dalrymple, David, Lord Hailes Dalrymple, David, Lord Hailes Dalrymple, David, Lord Hailes Hailes Dalrymple, David, Lord Hailes Dalrymple, David, Lord Hailes Dalrymple, David, Lord Hailes	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Arab Handball Championship of Winners' Cup The Arab Handball Championship of Club Winners' Cup also known Prince Faisal bin Fahd Handball Championship is an international club handball competition organized by the Arab Handball Federation, it concerne the club winners' cup of countries of the Arab World. Results GS Pétroliers (ex. MC Alger). Winners by club Winners by country See also Arab Handball Championship of Champions Arab Handball Super Cup Arab Women's Handball Championship of Champions Arab Women's Handball Championship of Winners' Cup External links 10th Arab Handball Cup Winners' Cup - Tunis Afrique Presse (TAP)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Karaurín-tepui Karaurín-tepui, also spelled Caraurín, is a tepui of the Eastern Tepuis chain in Bolívar state, Venezuela. It has a maximum elevation of around above sea level. The summit plateau is covered by shrubby vegetation and has an area of . The foothills of the tepui are covered in forests. Karaurín-tepui lies just south of the much larger Ilú–Tramen Massif. See also Distribution of Heliamphora References Category:Tepuis of Venezuela Category:Mountains of Venezuela Category:Mountains of Bolívar (state)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Lymphogram Lymphography is a medical imaging technique in which a radiocontrast agent is injected, and then an X-ray picture is taken to visualize structures of the lymphatic system, including lymph nodes, lymph ducts, lymphatic tissues, lymph capillaries and lymph vessels. Lymphangiography is the same procedure, used only to visualize the lymph vessels. The X-ray film or image of the vessels and nodes is called a lymphogram or a lymphangiogram. Radiographs can be taken after injection of a radiopaque contrast medium into small lymphatic vessels (these are made visible by prior subcutaneous injection of patent blue dye). The resulting lymphogram is used to find the locations of large vessels and nodes, and to identify sites of blockage in lymphatic drainage. Lymph nodes can also be detected via radionuclide imaging after injection of radioactive colloids. Macrophages phagocytose these foreign bodies and sequester in the nodes. Procedure A needle or catheter inserted into a lymphatic channel in either the foot or arm, and a contrast medium is injected into the body at a very slow rate (approximately 60 to 90 minutes for all the contrast medium to be injected). A fluoroscope is used to follow the dye as it spreads through the lymphatic system through the legs, into the groin, and along the back of the abdominal cavity. Once the contrast medium is injected, the catheter is removed, and the incisions are stitched and bandaged. X-rays are taken of the legs, pelvis, abdomen, and chest areas. The next day, another set of X-rays may be taken. If a site of cancer (breast or melanoma) is being studied to evaluate spreading, a mixture of blue dye and a radioactive tracer is injected next to the mass. Special cameras detect the spread of tracer along lymph channels to outlying nodes. A surgeon will then use the visible blue dye or radioactivity within nodes to guide biopsy within adjacent tissues (such as the arm pit for breast cancer) to determine possible routes of cancer spread. Use This test is not used as often as it once was, because of the adoption of CT scan and the PET scan technologies. Etymology The name comes from the Greek words : "Λέμφος" ("Lemphos")("lymph"), "water lymph", and "graphien" "Γραφή"("Graphy"), "to write or record". References Full text External links About lymphangiogram (National Library of Medicine and the National Institutes of Health) Category:Projectional radiography Category:Lymphology pt:Linfangiografia	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Coleophora schmidti Coleophora schmidti is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found in Spain. References schmidti Category:Moths of Europe	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Canada–Montenegro relations Canada is officially recognized Montenegro on June 13, 2006. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established on September 5, 2006. Since May 3, 2011, ambassador of Montenegro Srđan Darmanović has received accreditation to the assumption of the extraordinary and plenipotentiary ambassador to Canada, and is headquartered in Washington, The first non-resident Ambassador of Montenegro in Canada, with headquarters in Washington, was Miodrag Vlahović in office from 2007 to 2010. Roman Vashchuk, the current Canadian Ambassador to Montenegro on non-residential basis with headquarters in Belgrade, handed the credentials to the President of Montenegro, Mr. Filip Vujanovic October 6, 2011. Diplomatic missions Canada is represented in Montenegro through its embassy in Belgrade Montenegro is represented in Canada through its embassy in Washington. On June 29, 2010, Montenegro opened a Consulate and appointed an Honorary Consul in Vancouver, British Columbia. . Economic Cooperation The most important Canadian investor in Montenegro is Peter Munk, whose company, in Tivat, builds the largest luxury yacht marina on the eastern Adriatic coast - Porto Montenegro. The first part of the Marine opened June 17, 2009. with a capacity of 85 berths for yachts from 12 to 100 meters, and in mid-August 2010 opened the first residential-commercial building Teuta, as part of a new marina. This project is in the fourth year of business success is achieved, which is a positive momentum to attract other foreign investors in Montenegro. In April 2012, the Canadian company "Molson Coors" has become the new owner of the Niksic brewery "Trebjesa". On December 8, 2008, as part of the process of accession to the World Trade Organization, Montenegro signed a bilateral trade agreement with Canada. Commodity exchanges 2012: a total of €1,391,327 (€1,153,292 import to Montenegro, and export to Canada €238,035); 2011: a total of €1,275,211.00 (€1,219,896.28 import to Montenegro, and export to Canada €55,315.00); Direct investments from Canada in 2012 amounted to €950.929,23; Direct investments from Canada in 2011 amounted to €1.175.307,94. Montenegro mostly imports from Canada: ships, boats; boilers; pharmaceutical products, vegetables, roots, tubers. Moreover, Montenegro exports mostly to Canada: a variety of products for nutrition, vegetables; objects of art, collectors' pieces and antiques; electrical machines and equipment. Military and Defense Cooperation Montenegro also participates in Department of National Defence's Military Training and Cooperation Program (MTCP). The MTCP is administered by the Department of National Defence to train officers from participating countries in the areas of language proficiency (English and French), peace support operations, staff duties and professional development. Since 2007, 40 Montenegrin candidates have been trained through MTCP. For 2014-2015, four training spots were offered to Montenegro. Scientific and cultural cooperation There is cooperation between Munk School of Global Affairs and University of Donja Gorica, in the form of student exchange, study trips and the like. In the area of scientific and technological cooperation Montenegro is particularly interested in using a number of Canadian scholarships, especially the National Council for Research of Canada, who has developed cooperation around the world. It is present through the offices that Canada has opened in the former Yugoslav republics. Students of undergraduate studies, graduate students and professors of the Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management from Kotor had the opportunity to exchange with colleagues from Ryerson University in Toronto. Agreement on cooperation between the University of Montenegro and the University of Ottawa was signed on April 13, 2006. References Montenegro Category:Bilateral relations of Montenegro	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Heřmanova Huť Heřmanova Huť () is a village and municipality (obec) in Plzeň-North District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. History The village of Heřmanova Huť was founded in 1954 through the merger of three former villages: Vlkýš, Dolní Sekyřany and Horní Sekyřany. Population history Gallery References Category:Villages in Plzeň-North District	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Project Superstar Malaysia (Season 3) The third season of the Malaysian reality talent show Project SuperStar Malaysia, based on the Singaporean reality show of the same name began on 2 February 2008 on 8TV. For the third consecutive season, Gary Yap and Cheryl Lee returned as hosts. The show premiered on 9 February 2008, with the live finals aired on 3 May 2008 at Malawati Stadium. Kay Guo, the winner of the female category, was announced as the overall winner of the season, with male category winner Chee Shi Hau as the overall runner-up. Guo was also the first female winner of Project Superstar Malaysia, as well as the first female winner in the entire Project Superstar franchise; she received a cash prize of RM$10,000 and a Recording Contract from EMI, while Chee was awarded a cash prize of RM$2,000. Development Over 4,000 aspirants auditioned for the competition when it was announced. Auditions took place in late 2007 and the final selection of the top 24 were revealed to the public for the first time on 16 February 2008. Their finalists were showcased in one episode on 17 February 2008. On the live shows up until the grand finals, the voting percentages were modified, with both the judges' scores and public votes take up 50% of the scores each, instead of 70%-30% as opposed to the previous seasons. Finalists The final 24 finalists were confirmed as follows; Key: Live show details Week 1: Quarter Finals 1 (23/24 February) Theme: Personal Song (no theme), Contestant's duet Week 2: Quarter Finals 2 (1/2 March) Theme: Personal Song (no theme), Contestant's duet Week 3: Quarter Finals 3 (8/9 March) Theme: Personal Song (no theme), Contestant's duet Week 4: Quarter Finals 4 (15/16 March) Theme: Personal Song (no theme), Contestant's duet Week 5: Revival Round (22/23 March) Theme: No theme, Contestant's Duet The eight contestants who were eliminated from the third and fourth quarter-finals returned to the stage to perform for the revival round. The contestant who received the highest combined score from either the male and female categories would be reinstated from the competition. Week 6: Semi Finals 1 (29/30 March) Theme: Dance songs Group Performance: "当我们宅一块" Week 7: Semi Finals 2 (5/6 April) Theme: Best techniques Group Performance: "离开地球表面" Week 8: Semi Finals 3 (12/13 April) Theme: Guandong Translated Songs, Japanese/Korean Translated Songs Group Performance: "苦茶" Week 9: Category final (19/20 April) Theme: Judges’ Choice, Malaysian Song, Winner’s Single Group Performance: "我就是喜欢你" Week 10: Finals Prelude (26/27 April) All top 24 finalists returned to the stage in this pre-recorded non-elimination performance show. It featured group performances from the finalists as well as a look-back on their journey in the competition. Week 11: Final (3 May) Theme: Fast-paced Songs, Charming Songs, Michael Wong's duet, Contestants' duet, Judges' choice, Winner's song Group performances: "梦不落" (all finalists), "Will Be Superstar" (Chee Shi Hau & Kay Guo), "" (Female finalists eliminated in the first quarter-finals), "超喜欢你" (Male finalists eliminated in the first quarter-finals), "我恋爱了" (Female finalists eliminated in the second quarter-finals), "阳光宅男" (Male finalists eliminated in the second quarter-finals), "桃花源" (Female finalists eliminated in the semi-finals), "在这里等你" (Male finalists eliminated in the semi-finals), "我的天空我的梦" (all finalists) Musical guest: Desiree Tan & Orange Tan ("特务J"/"Way Back into Love"), Johnson Wee & Henley Hii ("傀儡"/"一眼瞬间"), Michael Wong ("烟火") See also MediaCorp 8TV Project SuperStar External links Official Website Category:Malaysian reality television series Category:2008 Malaysian television seasons	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Valley of Song Valley of Song is a 1953 British comedy drama film directed by Gilbert Gunn and starring Mervyn Johns, Clifford Evans, Maureen Swanson and the London Welsh Association Choral Society. It marked the film debut of actress Rachel Roberts. It was released in the U.S. as Men Are Children Twice. Premise Fierce rivalries flare to the surface in a small Welsh town over a coveted role in the local choir. Cast Mervyn Johns - Minister Griffiths Clifford Evans - Geraint Llewellyn Maureen Swanson - Olwen Davies John Fraser - Cliff Lloyd Rachel Thomas - Mrs. Lloyd Betty Cooper - Mrs. Davies Rachel Roberts - Bessie Lewis Hugh Pryse - Lloyd, Undertaker Edward Evans - Davies Kenneth Williams - Lloyd the Haulage Alun Owen - Pritchard Ronald Lewis Uncredited Critical reception Eye for Film noted "an enjoyable if somewhat low-key story which, at 72 minutes in length, would make for a suitably harmonious Sunday afternoon. From the whistle of the steam trains, to the film’s score, provided courtesy of the London Welsh Association Choral Society, Valley Of Song is a pleasing if utterly unchallenging delight." References External links Category:1953 films Category:1950s comedy-drama films Category:English-language films Category:British films Category:British comedy-drama films Category:Films shot at Elstree Studios Category:Films set in Wales Category:Films directed by Gilbert Gunn Category:British black-and-white films	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Ashland Radar Station Ashland Radar Station was a United States Air Force station located in Ashland, Maine operational from around 1975 to 1990. Sitting on . History The station was constructed in August of 1975 along route "IR-800", which was designated in 1981. Detachment 7 moved southwest to the new Ashland Radar Station south of Ashland, Maine. The Ashland Strategic Training Range eventually included an AN/MPS-T1 and Multiple Threat Emitter System (MUTES) and in 1985, Det 7 was awarded the Combat Skyspot trophy. It was closed in 1994 at the end of the Cold War. References Category:1980 establishments in Maine Category:1990 disestablishments in Maine Category:Formerly Used Defense Sites Category:Buildings and structures in Aroostook County, Maine Category:Military installations in Maine Category:Strategic Air Command radar stations Category:United States automatic tracking radar stations Category:Loring Air Force Base Category:Military installations established in 1980 Category:Military installations closed in 1990	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Chorispora sabulosa Chorispora sabulosa is a plant species in the genus Chorispora found in China and Pakistan. References External links Chorispora sabulosa at the Plant List (retrieved 22 March 2018) Chorispora sabulosa at Tropicos (retrieved 21 July 2016) Category:Brassicaceae	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Rochin v. California Rochin v. California, 342 U.S. 165 (1952), was a case decided by the Supreme Court of the United States that added behavior that "shocks the conscience" into tests of what violates due process. This balancing test is often criticized as having subsequently been used in a particularly subjective manner. Background On July 1, 1949, three Los Angeles County deputy sheriffs entered the Rochins' residence without a search warrant and forcibly entered Rochin's room on the second floor. Upon entering the room, the deputies noticed two capsules on the night stand. Rochin immediately swallowed the capsules after Deputy Jack Jones asked him, "Whose stuff is this?" Jones then grabbed and squeezed Rochin by the neck, as well as shoving his fingers in Rochin's mouth as he attempted to eject the capsules. The deputies, unable to obtain the capsules, handcuffed and took Rochin to Angeles Emergency Hospital where he was strapped to an operating table and had a tube forcibly placed in his mouth and into his stomach and given an emetic solution, whereupon he vomited the capsules into a bucket. The deputies then retrieved the capsules and tested them to be morphine. Subsequently, this was submitted as evidence, and Rochin was found guilty of violating California Health and Safety Code § 11500 as having an unlawful possession of morphine. Rochin appealed his case on the basis that his rights, guaranteed to him by Amendments V and XIV of the United States Constitution and by Article I(1)(13)(19) of the California Constitution rendered the evidence inadmissible, and that the forced stomach pumping was unconstitutionally compelled self-incrimination. The appeals court denied his defense arguing that the evidence was admissible, despite the egregious behavior of the officers, as it was "competent evidence," and the courts are not allowed to question the means in which it was obtained. As the court wrote, "illegally obtained evidence is admissible on a criminal charge in this state." Decision The court voted in an 8-0 decision (Minton abstained) to overturn the decision. Justice Frankfurter wrote the majority opinion which struck down the prior conviction, arguing that the brutality of the means used to extract the evidence from Rochin "shocks the conscience," and it clearly violates the due process of law as guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment. Frankfurter also admitted the term "due process" was nebulous but asserted that it existed to preserve the fairness and integrity of the system and that society expects judges to act impartially and to take into account precedence and social context. The court quoted from the decision of the California Supreme Court, in which two justices dissented, saying, Justice Douglas and Black both wrote concurring opinions in which they argued that the lower court's decision should have been overturned based on the Fifth Amendment liberty from self incrimination. Both justices believed that the 14th Amendment's guarantee of "due process" incorporated that right. The justices' opinions also offered much criticism of Frankfurter's opinion for the court. Douglas rebuked the court for suddenly declaring that the exclusion of illegally obtained evidence, which had not been an issue up until then, suddenly violated the "decencies of civilized conduct." Black disagreed with the logic in the majority as being contradictory. He argued the opinion enabled the court to nullify the California state law of using illegal evidence based on due process because its application, "shocks the conscience," but then admonishes judges to be impartial and use the society's standards in judgment. References Further reading External links Category:1952 in United States case law Category:United States Supreme Court cases Category:United States Supreme Court cases of the Vinson Court Category:United States criminal due process case law Category:American Civil Liberties Union litigation Category:1952 in California Category:Legal history of California	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Saint-Bruno-de-Guigues Aerodrome Saint-Bruno-de-Guigues Aerodrome, , is located north of Saint-Bruno-de-Guigues, Quebec, Canada. References Category:Registered aerodromes in Abitibi-Témiscamingue	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
French destroyer Mogador Mogador was the lead ship of the French Navy's of destroyers (). Named for the Moroccan town, she was built before the outbreak of World War II. The ship was heavily damaged during the British attack on Mers-el-Kébir on 3 July 1940, but was later repaired and sailed to Toulon. She was scuttled in Toulon Harbor when the Germans tried to seize her, along with the rest of the fleet, on 27 November 1942. The Mogador and her sister Volta were the last contre-torpilleurs built by the French Navy, a not entirely successful attempt to build a ship capable of out-fighting every other ship below her tonnage. "In technological terms Mogador and Volta were ships with the armament of a light cruiser in the hull of destroyer; the contre-torpilleur as a type had been pushed past the limits of its capabilities." Design and description Mogador had an overall length of , a beam of , and a maximum draft of . She displaced at standard load and at deep load. The Rateau-Bretagne geared steam turbines were designed to produce , which would propel the ship at . However, during sea trials in March 1938, Mogadors turbines provided and she reached for a single hour. The ship carried of fuel oil at normal load and an additional at deep load. Mogador carried eight Canon de 138 mm Modèle 1929 in four twin turrets, two each superimposed, fore and aft. Her anti-aircraft armament consisted of two Mle 1933 guns in a single mount positioned on the rear deck house forward of the rear turrets. She also mounted four Mle 1929 heavy machine guns in two twin mounts located between the forward superstructure and the forward guns. Mogador carried 10 above-water torpedo tubes: a pair of triple mounts between the funnels and a pair of double mounts aft of the rear funnel. A pair of depth charge chutes were built into Mogadors stern; these housed a total of 16 Guirard depth charges. Mine rails were fitted on the rear deck that had a maximum capacity of 40 mines. Service history Mogador, with her sister , comprised the 6th Large Destroyer Division (6e Division de contre-torpilleurs) and was assigned to the Force de Raid based at Brest when the war began. This group's purpose was to hunt German blockade runners and raiders and to escort convoys that might be in danger from the same. From 21–30 October 1939 the Force de Raid escorted the KJ.4 convoy to protect it against the which had sortied into the North Atlantic before the war began. A sortie by and into the North Atlantic on 21 November prompted Force de Raid to sail from Brest to rendezvous with the British battlecruiser and patrol the area south of Iceland, but the German ships were able to return safely under the cover of heavy weather without being engaged. Mogador was refitted at Lorient between January and March 1940 and a number of minor changes were made. The necessary improvements identified for the main armament during her sea trials a year prior were finally implemented, the canvas cover for the back of the turrets was replaced by a rolling door, new radios were installed, and shields were fitted to the anti-aircraft machine guns and the searchlights. A SS-6 sonar was fitted in June 1940, but proved to be ineffectual. Mogador was present during the British attack on Mers-el-Kébir on 3 July 1940 and was severely damaged by a hit from an armour-piercing shell in the rear hull that detonated her ready depth charges although it failed to detonate itself. The explosion destroyed her upper rear hull, but, miraculously, the rear magazines failed to explode. The port propeller shaft was damaged and a blade from the starboard propeller was shattered. She was towed to Oran for repairs. She was dry docked on 17 July, the remains of her No. 4 turret were removed and the after bulkheads repaired and reinforced to make her seaworthy. She sailed for Toulon on 1 December where she was docked pending reconstruction. The French Navy decided to reinforce her anti-aircraft armament in light of its wartime experience. Her no. 3 gun turret was to be moved to the No. 4 position, its magazine converted for extra fuel storage, and a new twin 37 mm Mle 1933 mount would replace it on top of the rear deck house. Two more Mle 1933 mounts were to fitted on each side of the rear deckhouse and a fourth mount was to replace the 13.2 Hotchkiss machine guns forward of the bridge. One 13.2 mm Browning machine gun was to planned to be mounted on each side of the forward twin 37 mm guns. This plan was later amended to add a degaussing cable, replacement of the SS-6 sonar by a French copy of the British ASDIC and six of the new mitrailleuse de 25 mm contre-aéroplanes Modèle 1940 anti-aircraft guns, plus two more 13.2 mm Brownings mounted on the forward corners of the center deck house. The rebuilding was slowed by material shortages and she wasn't taken into hand by the shipyard Forges et Chantiers de la Mediterranée at La Seyne-sur-Mer until late February 1942. In October it was estimated that she wouldn't be completed until Jul 1943. She was scuttled in La Seyne-sur-Mer on 27 November 1942 to prevent her capture by the Germans. She was refloated by the Italians on 5 April 1943, but not repaired. Mogador was sunk by Allied bombers in late 1944, but was raised in 1949 and scrapped. Notes References External links Plans de bateaux: MOGADOR 1937 — plans and photos of Mogador Mogador-class at uboat.net Category:Mogador-class destroyers Category:Ships built in France Category:1937 ships Category:World War II shipwrecks in the Mediterranean Category:World War II warships scuttled at Toulon Category:Maritime incidents in July 1940 Category:Maritime incidents in November 1942 Category:Maritime incidents in November 1944 Category:Destroyers sunk by aircraft	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Tulshibaug Tulshibaug (Marathi: तुुुुुळशीबाग) is an area in Pune City in the state of Maharashtra, India. It is located in the heart of the city. Its main features are a historic temple precinct and a large market. Location The Tulshibaug area is located right in the middle of the city, roughly 3 km away from Swargate Station. The area is accessed via three roads: Bajirao Road, Laxmi Road, and the road connecting Shanipar to Chhatrapati Shivaji Road. History The original temple was built during the Peshwa era, after the battle of Panipat in 1761, under Naro Appaji Khire (Tulshibaugwale) (1700-1775), the Subhedar of Pune. Work commenced in 1763 and was completed in 1795 at a cost of Rs 136,667 and it covers an area of about an acre. In 1884 Nandram Naik completed work on the spire (shikhar) and the Sabhamandap. The temple precinct Tulshibaug Ram Temple Tulshibaug gets its name from the Tulshibaug wada located in this area, which is a famous temple of Lord Ram, Ganpati and Shankar. The Tulshibaug Ram Temple dates from the original construction under Tulshibaugwale. The statues of Lord Ram, Sita, and Laxmana, made by Umajibaba Pandharpurkar, were placed in the sanctum of the temple in November 1765. In 1767, the statue of Lord Hanuman, crafted by Bakhatram Patharvat Gujrathi, was placed in the sanctum. Later in 1781 statues of Ganapati and Parvati were brought to the temple. Ornaments in gold, silver, pearls and diamonds were made for these statues. The precinct To the north of the Ram temple, a large wada was built that would serve as a residence for the heirs to Naro Appaji. Apart from the Ram Temple, there are many other temples in the precinct. These include the temples of Ganesh, Vitthal and Rukmini, Dattatray and Maruts. Lord Ganesh here is called Moreshwar and Lord Shiva is known as Tribakeshwar or Kashivishveshwar. Right in front of the Ram Temple is a small temple of Hanuman. The idol is made of black stone showing Hanuman joining his palms in order to bow down before Ram. Conservation Very few spaces and buildings of the Peshwa era survive in Pune today; however, the Ram Mandir precinct is largely intact. Architectural features of interest include woodwork, stonework, and lime stucco-work, in addition to a heritage of urban design over two centuries. It is relatively free of noise pollution. Today, a trade in sculpture, paintings and craftwork is carried on. In September 2009 work began on a three-year restoration project sponsored by the Shree Ramji Santhan Tulshibaug Trust. The market The busy Tulshibaug market is located in front of the famous Vishrambaug Wada. The market sells goods including traditional Maharashtrian cooking items, cosmetics, jewelry and household goods, as well as Puja items. Other than shopping the market offers various refreshments and hotels. References External links Shopping in Pune Pune Shopping Maharashtra tourism site Category:Retail markets in Pune	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }

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