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+1
+00:00:02,880 --> 00:00:08,800
+[Music]
+
+2
+00:00:05,350 --> 00:00:11,110
+in our time right across the planet the
+
+3
+00:00:08,800 --> 00:00:15,160
+past is receding from us at an
+
+4
+00:00:11,110 --> 00:00:22,420
+ever-faster rate and that's especially
+
+5
+00:00:15,160 --> 00:00:24,519
+so here in China but the travel our
+
+6
+00:00:22,420 --> 00:00:28,240
+searching for the meaning of China's
+
+7
+00:00:24,519 --> 00:00:31,470
+ancient culture can still find it in
+
+8
+00:00:28,240 --> 00:00:31,470
+China's present
+
+9
+00:00:32,320 --> 00:00:38,449
+but here running under the surface of
+
+10
+00:00:35,780 --> 00:00:41,839
+deep currents still shared by all
+
+11
+00:00:38,449 --> 00:00:44,239
+Chinese people and among them is one
+
+12
+00:00:41,839 --> 00:00:48,190
+great stream that has sustained the
+
+13
+00:00:44,239 --> 00:00:51,500
+Chinese across the ages their poetry
+
+14
+00:00:48,190 --> 00:00:54,379
+China has the oldest living tradition of
+
+15
+00:00:51,500 --> 00:00:56,870
+poetry in the world while the 3,000
+
+16
+00:00:54,379 --> 00:01:00,949
+years old older than Homer's Iliad and
+
+17
+00:00:56,870 --> 00:01:03,979
+Odyssey and for the Chinese poets have
+
+18
+00:01:00,949 --> 00:01:07,140
+always been the ones who most truthfully
+
+19
+00:01:03,979 --> 00:01:10,289
+express the feelings of people
+
+20
+00:01:07,140 --> 00:01:13,710
+as Chinese that greatest poet is do food
+
+21
+00:01:10,289 --> 00:01:16,080
+do foo lived in the 8th century the age
+
+22
+00:01:13,710 --> 00:01:18,510
+of Beowulf in Britain was the tongue
+
+23
+00:01:16,080 --> 00:01:21,390
+dynasty a time of extraordinary cultural
+
+24
+00:01:18,510 --> 00:01:24,780
+accomplishment that ended in horrendous
+
+25
+00:01:21,390 --> 00:01:27,479
+warfare and the death of millions and
+
+26
+00:01:24,780 --> 00:01:33,600
+out of that suffering doufu created his
+
+27
+00:01:27,479 --> 00:01:36,570
+art do foo belongs to a very special
+
+28
+00:01:33,600 --> 00:01:40,530
+category we have Dante Shakespeare and
+
+29
+00:01:36,570 --> 00:01:45,090
+do food these poets create the very
+
+30
+00:01:40,530 --> 00:01:48,030
+values by which poet is judged in the
+
+31
+00:01:45,090 --> 00:01:50,450
+east he's one of the Immortals in the
+
+32
+00:01:48,030 --> 00:01:53,580
+West few people have even heard of him
+
+33
+00:01:50,450 --> 00:01:56,340
+this is a journey in the footsteps of
+
+34
+00:01:53,580 --> 00:02:12,920
+China's greatest poet
+
+35
+00:01:56,340 --> 00:02:16,070
+[Music]
+
+36
+00:02:12,920 --> 00:02:16,070
+[Applause]
+
+37
+00:02:16,550 --> 00:02:22,989
+[Music]
+
+38
+00:02:27,530 --> 00:02:33,870
+doufu was born into China's greatest
+
+39
+00:02:29,970 --> 00:02:35,700
+epoch the Tang Dynasty at the time of
+
+40
+00:02:33,870 --> 00:02:37,860
+his birth the tongue had ruled for a
+
+41
+00:02:35,700 --> 00:02:42,269
+century from their capital Shang Gong
+
+42
+00:02:37,860 --> 00:02:42,840
+today's Xian it was the greatest city on
+
+43
+00:02:42,269 --> 00:02:47,099
+earth
+
+44
+00:02:42,840 --> 00:02:50,129
+with more than a million people rich
+
+45
+00:02:47,099 --> 00:02:54,590
+powerful and open to the world for the
+
+46
+00:02:50,129 --> 00:02:54,590
+Chinese that time was their golden age
+
+47
+00:02:56,060 --> 00:03:02,459
+the catalyst for it all was the Silk
+
+48
+00:02:59,340 --> 00:03:05,519
+Road along which people Goods and ideas
+
+49
+00:03:02,459 --> 00:03:08,250
+flowed from India Iran and Central Asia
+
+50
+00:03:05,519 --> 00:03:11,310
+into the crowded streets of the capital
+
+51
+00:03:08,250 --> 00:03:11,310
+[Music]
+
+52
+00:03:11,480 --> 00:03:16,920
+the ton was a cosmopolitan Empire of
+
+53
+00:03:14,640 --> 00:03:19,560
+many cultures and languages in its
+
+54
+00:03:16,920 --> 00:03:22,650
+markets you could find a dazzling mix of
+
+55
+00:03:19,560 --> 00:03:25,680
+foreign fashions and food Persian
+
+56
+00:03:22,650 --> 00:03:27,760
+pistachios and the golden peaches of
+
+57
+00:03:25,680 --> 00:03:32,050
+Samarkand
+
+58
+00:03:27,760 --> 00:03:32,050
+very very good well
+
+59
+00:03:34,810 --> 00:03:40,300
+and do Fu's extraordinary life story
+
+60
+00:03:37,989 --> 00:03:42,819
+would be entwined forever with the tale
+
+61
+00:03:40,300 --> 00:03:45,989
+of this city and the fate of tongue
+
+62
+00:03:42,819 --> 00:03:45,989
+China itself
+
+63
+00:03:47,510 --> 00:03:53,000
+only a year after tofu was born a new
+
+64
+00:03:50,820 --> 00:03:57,800
+emperor came to the dragon throne
+
+65
+00:03:53,000 --> 00:04:00,480
+xuanzong who was nicknamed the brilliant
+
+66
+00:03:57,800 --> 00:04:03,450
+the Emperor would oversee China's most
+
+67
+00:04:00,480 --> 00:04:06,660
+glorious period of culture and above all
+
+68
+00:04:03,450 --> 00:04:09,540
+its greatest age of poetry and for the
+
+69
+00:04:06,660 --> 00:04:12,680
+Chinese people it's poetry which gives
+
+70
+00:04:09,540 --> 00:04:15,900
+the truest history of the human heart
+
+71
+00:04:12,680 --> 00:04:21,298
+don't go there hua means whatever be
+
+72
+00:04:15,900 --> 00:04:24,240
+John to he initially that naman for the
+
+73
+00:04:21,298 --> 00:04:26,570
+Shrew gonna sure sure got on the chair
+
+74
+00:04:24,240 --> 00:04:28,740
+holy [ __ ] you heard the tree hole it was
+
+75
+00:04:26,570 --> 00:04:35,040
+from educativo hyah
+
+76
+00:04:28,740 --> 00:04:38,390
+ah : some washer occur in the Jesus yet
+
+77
+00:04:35,040 --> 00:04:38,390
+she was irrational
+
+78
+00:04:41,540 --> 00:04:46,370
+the do family were an old
+
+79
+00:04:43,610 --> 00:04:49,400
+upper-middle-class clan of officials and
+
+80
+00:04:46,370 --> 00:04:49,909
+poets in Imperial China the two went
+
+81
+00:04:49,400 --> 00:04:52,010
+together
+
+82
+00:04:49,909 --> 00:04:55,780
+you couldn't be a Mandarin without
+
+83
+00:04:52,010 --> 00:04:55,780
+proving your literary skills
+
+84
+00:04:58,770 --> 00:05:07,240
+the family house is long gone this is
+
+85
+00:05:02,050 --> 00:05:14,650
+all that's left but tradition says that
+
+86
+00:05:07,240 --> 00:05:16,720
+he was born here in this room his mother
+
+87
+00:05:14,650 --> 00:05:18,820
+died when he was an infant and he was
+
+88
+00:05:16,720 --> 00:05:22,720
+brought up by his aunt whom he adored
+
+89
+00:05:18,820 --> 00:05:26,080
+and that brings us to a first mysterious
+
+90
+00:05:22,720 --> 00:05:28,600
+story when he was a baby
+
+91
+00:05:26,080 --> 00:05:31,390
+this region was struck by plague and
+
+92
+00:05:28,600 --> 00:05:35,020
+people were dying everywhere and one day
+
+93
+00:05:31,390 --> 00:05:38,470
+a sorceress a shamaness came to the
+
+94
+00:05:35,020 --> 00:05:41,920
+house and looked in the bedroom and two
+
+95
+00:05:38,470 --> 00:05:45,010
+babies were asleep in the room the son
+
+96
+00:05:41,920 --> 00:05:47,230
+of the aunt and little doufu and the
+
+97
+00:05:45,010 --> 00:05:50,020
+sorceress prophesied that only one of
+
+98
+00:05:47,230 --> 00:05:51,520
+these children would survive and the
+
+99
+00:05:50,020 --> 00:05:54,460
+child had to be sleeping in the
+
+100
+00:05:51,520 --> 00:05:57,790
+southeast corner of the room and the
+
+101
+00:05:54,460 --> 00:06:01,060
+aunt took her child out of that corner
+
+102
+00:05:57,790 --> 00:06:05,410
+and put doufu there and for that reason
+
+103
+00:06:01,060 --> 00:06:07,800
+says doufu my aunt's son died and I
+
+104
+00:06:05,410 --> 00:06:07,800
+lived
+
+105
+00:06:11,740 --> 00:06:20,330
+so maybe even as a child he felt as if
+
+106
+00:06:15,770 --> 00:06:22,789
+he had the mark of Destiny on him more
+
+107
+00:06:20,330 --> 00:06:28,610
+than 1,400 of his poems survived a
+
+108
+00:06:22,789 --> 00:06:31,550
+uniquely intimate autobiography years
+
+109
+00:06:28,610 --> 00:06:34,270
+later as an old man he wrote the story
+
+110
+00:06:31,550 --> 00:06:38,419
+of his childhood and youth in a poem
+
+111
+00:06:34,270 --> 00:06:40,849
+spoken by Ian McKellen when I was still
+
+112
+00:06:38,419 --> 00:06:44,749
+only in my seventh year my mind was
+
+113
+00:06:40,849 --> 00:06:47,808
+already full of heroic deeds my first
+
+114
+00:06:44,749 --> 00:06:53,649
+poem was about the Phoenix the harbinger
+
+115
+00:06:47,808 --> 00:06:53,649
+of a sagacious rent a new age of wisdom
+
+116
+00:06:54,009 --> 00:06:59,610
+when I was in my ninth year I'd already
+
+117
+00:06:56,229 --> 00:07:02,649
+written enough firms to Phyllis actual
+
+118
+00:06:59,610 --> 00:07:03,569
+at 14 I first began to read my poems in
+
+119
+00:07:02,649 --> 00:07:06,039
+public
+
+120
+00:07:03,569 --> 00:07:10,059
+literary masters compared me to the
+
+121
+00:07:06,039 --> 00:07:12,219
+great writers of the past I was
+
+122
+00:07:10,059 --> 00:07:17,259
+temperamental and I was already over
+
+123
+00:07:12,219 --> 00:07:20,020
+fond of wine I needed it to soften an
+
+124
+00:07:17,259 --> 00:07:20,910
+uncompromising hatred of wickedness and
+
+125
+00:07:20,020 --> 00:07:23,190
+hypocrisy
+
+126
+00:07:20,910 --> 00:07:26,100
+[Music]
+
+127
+00:07:23,190 --> 00:07:29,850
+I associated only with wise old gray
+
+128
+00:07:26,100 --> 00:07:33,960
+heads incinerated by wine be cast our
+
+129
+00:07:29,850 --> 00:07:36,480
+glances over the entire universe at all
+
+130
+00:07:33,960 --> 00:07:37,110
+vulgar worldliness dwindled into
+
+131
+00:07:36,480 --> 00:07:47,310
+oblivion
+
+132
+00:07:37,110 --> 00:07:50,150
+I find that portrait of the artist as a
+
+133
+00:07:47,310 --> 00:07:53,970
+young man written by the older doufu
+
+134
+00:07:50,150 --> 00:07:56,280
+many authentic he obviously felt even by
+
+135
+00:07:53,970 --> 00:07:58,580
+the age of 14 that he was different from
+
+136
+00:07:56,280 --> 00:08:02,160
+his schoolmates and his contemporaries
+
+137
+00:07:58,580 --> 00:08:04,830
+maybe also already looking at the world
+
+138
+00:08:02,160 --> 00:08:08,580
+as it ought to be rather than as it
+
+139
+00:08:04,830 --> 00:08:11,550
+actually is and as for his early
+
+140
+00:08:08,580 --> 00:08:15,900
+inspirations over fifty years later he
+
+141
+00:08:11,550 --> 00:08:18,450
+tells a story from his childhood how as
+
+142
+00:08:15,900 --> 00:08:21,120
+a five year old boy he was taken to see
+
+143
+00:08:18,450 --> 00:08:25,230
+a great dancer and was overwhelmed by
+
+144
+00:08:21,120 --> 00:08:29,510
+her magic I remember when I was still a
+
+145
+00:08:25,230 --> 00:08:33,558
+child aged five I saw the famous dancer
+
+146
+00:08:29,510 --> 00:08:33,690
+Colson who formed the sword dance
+
+147
+00:08:33,558 --> 00:08:45,669
+[Applause]
+
+148
+00:08:33,690 --> 00:08:45,669
+[Music]
+
+149
+00:08:46,840 --> 00:08:54,260
+watching her you felt heaven struggling
+
+150
+00:08:49,580 --> 00:08:57,530
+against the earth when she went back you
+
+151
+00:08:54,260 --> 00:09:01,970
+saw nine sons falling shut down my ye
+
+152
+00:08:57,530 --> 00:09:04,880
+the god of archers and she let you
+
+153
+00:09:01,970 --> 00:09:08,360
+imagine God's astride flying dragons in
+
+154
+00:09:04,880 --> 00:09:11,030
+the clouds when she advanced you
+
+155
+00:09:08,360 --> 00:09:12,120
+expected thunder and lightning from a
+
+156
+00:09:11,030 --> 00:09:12,850
+Gathering Storm
+
+157
+00:09:12,120 --> 00:09:16,070
+[Music]
+
+158
+00:09:12,850 --> 00:09:16,070
+[Applause]
+
+159
+00:09:16,750 --> 00:09:24,440
+and when she stopped you saw the soft
+
+160
+00:09:20,560 --> 00:09:28,699
+light over a vast calm sea
+
+161
+00:09:24,440 --> 00:09:28,699
+[Music]
+
+162
+00:09:29,650 --> 00:09:33,419
+[Applause]
+
+163
+00:09:29,980 --> 00:09:33,419
+[Music]
+
+164
+00:09:33,420 --> 00:09:40,090
+for doufu it was an unforgettable image
+
+165
+00:09:36,970 --> 00:09:42,610
+of creative freedom and passion in which
+
+166
+00:09:40,090 --> 00:09:48,330
+the dance became a metaphor for all art
+
+167
+00:09:42,610 --> 00:09:48,330
+whether calligraphy painting or poetry
+
+168
+00:09:49,260 --> 00:09:55,710
+in his late teens the family were rich
+
+169
+00:09:52,120 --> 00:09:55,710
+enough to allow him to go travelling
+
+170
+00:09:55,950 --> 00:10:01,150
+China then was at the height of its
+
+171
+00:09:58,360 --> 00:10:04,720
+glory under the brilliant emperor those
+
+172
+00:10:01,150 --> 00:10:07,360
+days doufu wrote rice was succulent the
+
+173
+00:10:04,720 --> 00:10:09,430
+granaries were full and not a rubber on
+
+174
+00:10:07,360 --> 00:10:11,760
+the road in all the nine provinces of
+
+175
+00:10:09,430 --> 00:10:11,760
+China
+
+176
+00:10:12,570 --> 00:10:19,710
+no other civilization in the world was
+
+177
+00:10:15,460 --> 00:10:22,320
+so refined so cultured
+
+178
+00:10:19,710 --> 00:10:24,750
+[Music]
+
+179
+00:10:22,320 --> 00:10:27,270
+traveling across the Empire doofer
+
+180
+00:10:24,750 --> 00:10:30,210
+gathered stories visiting the legendary
+
+181
+00:10:27,270 --> 00:10:33,730
+sites of heroes and dragons immersing
+
+182
+00:10:30,210 --> 00:10:36,800
+himself in China's ancient traditions
+
+183
+00:10:33,730 --> 00:10:39,570
+[Music]
+
+184
+00:10:36,800 --> 00:10:42,900
+like any tourist today he admired the
+
+185
+00:10:39,570 --> 00:10:45,900
+famous monuments the great Buddha's of
+
+186
+00:10:42,900 --> 00:10:49,680
+long men he wrote in their giant Gorge
+
+187
+00:10:45,900 --> 00:10:52,530
+cutting through the countryside where
+
+188
+00:10:49,680 --> 00:10:54,120
+every Vista reveals gold and silver
+
+189
+00:10:52,530 --> 00:10:57,279
+Buddha temples
+
+190
+00:10:54,120 --> 00:10:57,279
+[Applause]
+
+191
+00:11:00,530 --> 00:11:03,669
+[Music]
+
+192
+00:11:04,009 --> 00:11:09,750
+but for doufu there was one special
+
+193
+00:11:06,839 --> 00:11:13,220
+place of pilgrimage cheerful the
+
+194
+00:11:09,750 --> 00:11:15,899
+birthplace of the philosopher Confucius
+
+195
+00:11:13,220 --> 00:11:19,110
+born over a thousand years before do
+
+196
+00:11:15,899 --> 00:11:23,579
+first day Confucius had shaped the core
+
+197
+00:11:19,110 --> 00:11:24,839
+values of Chinese civilization for him
+
+198
+00:11:23,579 --> 00:11:28,139
+the main goal of life
+
+199
+00:11:24,839 --> 00:11:34,889
+is social harmony and stability under a
+
+200
+00:11:28,139 --> 00:11:37,139
+virtuous ruler and each person has a
+
+201
+00:11:34,889 --> 00:11:41,939
+role to play in helping the Emperor
+
+202
+00:11:37,139 --> 00:11:44,970
+achieve that common good teachings of
+
+203
+00:11:41,939 --> 00:11:48,779
+Confucius were dufus guiding principles
+
+204
+00:11:44,970 --> 00:11:52,470
+all his life virtue benevolence service
+
+205
+00:11:48,779 --> 00:11:55,019
+to the state in a sense you could say
+
+206
+00:11:52,470 --> 00:11:57,990
+that like much of the Chinese political
+
+207
+00:11:55,019 --> 00:12:03,470
+tradition from ancient times even to
+
+208
+00:11:57,990 --> 00:12:03,470
+today his thought was utopian
+
+209
+00:12:04,170 --> 00:12:10,649
+so he went to the capital Shangaan
+
+210
+00:12:06,950 --> 00:12:14,399
+today's xi are expecting to become a
+
+211
+00:12:10,649 --> 00:12:16,620
+government official it was his chance to
+
+212
+00:12:14,399 --> 00:12:20,810
+serve the brilliant emperor and help
+
+213
+00:12:16,620 --> 00:12:20,810
+continue the new age of wisdom
+
+214
+00:12:23,070 --> 00:12:28,870
+chang-geun the city of peace along with
+
+215
+00:12:26,470 --> 00:12:31,900
+Constantinople and Baghdad it was a
+
+216
+00:12:28,870 --> 00:12:34,090
+world city in the 8th century the symbol
+
+217
+00:12:31,900 --> 00:12:39,310
+of all that human civilization had to
+
+218
+00:12:34,090 --> 00:12:41,590
+offer and this place had a powerful
+
+219
+00:12:39,310 --> 00:12:45,550
+presence in due foods imagination all
+
+220
+00:12:41,590 --> 00:12:49,210
+his life it was the dream of success and
+
+221
+00:12:45,550 --> 00:12:51,760
+power and fame which one day he hoped he
+
+222
+00:12:49,210 --> 00:12:54,220
+would achieve and in his early twenties
+
+223
+00:12:51,760 --> 00:12:57,880
+he came here to sit the Imperial
+
+224
+00:12:54,220 --> 00:13:05,980
+examinations confident but a glittering
+
+225
+00:12:57,880 --> 00:13:09,310
+career lay ahead of him in the prime of
+
+226
+00:13:05,980 --> 00:13:11,260
+life I was sent by my home Prefecture to
+
+227
+00:13:09,310 --> 00:13:14,860
+sit the state examinations
+
+228
+00:13:11,260 --> 00:13:17,620
+I feared no rival among the competing
+
+229
+00:13:14,860 --> 00:13:20,740
+scholars nor any difficult questions
+
+230
+00:13:17,620 --> 00:13:23,320
+that might be put to mere
+
+231
+00:13:20,740 --> 00:13:25,690
+I thought of course that I was
+
+232
+00:13:23,320 --> 00:13:27,910
+extraordinary and should immediately
+
+233
+00:13:25,690 --> 00:13:34,270
+climb to the top and restore the purity
+
+234
+00:13:27,910 --> 00:13:38,460
+of culture and civilization but
+
+235
+00:13:34,270 --> 00:13:44,770
+unfortunately the Board of examinations
+
+236
+00:13:38,460 --> 00:13:48,820
+thought otherwise they failed me all my
+
+237
+00:13:44,770 --> 00:13:51,730
+hopes were shattered why does he fail do
+
+238
+00:13:48,820 --> 00:13:54,130
+you think yeah most important Christian
+
+239
+00:13:51,730 --> 00:13:58,930
+many scholars discussing about this
+
+240
+00:13:54,130 --> 00:14:00,820
+watch on kwangin I mean sure these are
+
+241
+00:13:58,930 --> 00:14:04,750
+your show for either for show
+
+242
+00:14:00,820 --> 00:14:07,960
+communities ran home year away who
+
+243
+00:14:04,750 --> 00:14:12,850
+consulted all that's under coach economy
+
+244
+00:14:07,960 --> 00:14:15,970
+and to go cogeco should I go from
+
+245
+00:14:12,850 --> 00:14:17,920
+boredom the merchants of on voyage on
+
+246
+00:14:15,970 --> 00:14:22,090
+the Armenians under caution of a blue
+
+247
+00:14:17,920 --> 00:14:24,550
+ocean fishing big ginger chicken coop
+
+248
+00:14:22,090 --> 00:14:28,600
+Hassan Yakko should occur in tandem when
+
+249
+00:14:24,550 --> 00:14:32,440
+she Pasha is the first explanation yeah
+
+250
+00:14:28,600 --> 00:14:35,920
+there are second one yeah gotta be your
+
+251
+00:14:32,440 --> 00:14:38,620
+own sanity airship you should do for us
+
+252
+00:14:35,920 --> 00:14:40,630
+year sure that I know what's hangar Cody
+
+253
+00:14:38,620 --> 00:14:43,480
+cultures here Windham that sign on
+
+254
+00:14:40,630 --> 00:14:45,660
+Sepulveda no matter what hang on the
+
+255
+00:14:43,480 --> 00:14:45,660
+issue
+
+256
+00:14:46,350 --> 00:14:52,980
+[Music]
+
+257
+00:14:50,010 --> 00:14:57,420
+too much of a poet and not enough of a
+
+258
+00:14:52,980 --> 00:14:59,550
+bureaucrat that would be his problem the
+
+259
+00:14:57,420 --> 00:15:02,730
+examinations were the path to wealth and
+
+260
+00:14:59,550 --> 00:15:07,560
+status and exam failure cut him loose
+
+261
+00:15:02,730 --> 00:15:10,080
+from the career ladder so for a while he
+
+262
+00:15:07,560 --> 00:15:12,570
+wondered picking up jobs where he could
+
+263
+00:15:10,080 --> 00:15:16,560
+and hating himself for living on the
+
+264
+00:15:12,570 --> 00:15:21,240
+coattails of the rich the next few years
+
+265
+00:15:16,560 --> 00:15:22,590
+I played and roamed in the spring I sang
+
+266
+00:15:21,240 --> 00:15:27,060
+all the terraces where the poets
+
+267
+00:15:22,590 --> 00:15:30,240
+competed summer I hunted among the green
+
+268
+00:15:27,060 --> 00:15:32,630
+hills in the winter I whistled for the
+
+269
+00:15:30,240 --> 00:15:36,480
+Falcons and the purple oak forests
+
+270
+00:15:32,630 --> 00:15:37,370
+chased wild beasts on cloud and snow
+
+271
+00:15:36,480 --> 00:15:38,889
+ridge
+
+272
+00:15:37,370 --> 00:15:41,739
+[Music]
+
+273
+00:15:38,889 --> 00:15:47,120
+I trailed my hands wherever sweet hair
+
+274
+00:15:41,739 --> 00:15:51,769
+was and drank myself sick
+
+275
+00:15:47,120 --> 00:15:55,279
+[Music]
+
+276
+00:15:51,769 --> 00:15:57,739
+then when he was about 30 came the
+
+277
+00:15:55,279 --> 00:16:00,100
+meeting that changed his life with the
+
+278
+00:15:57,739 --> 00:16:03,370
+poet Li Bai
+
+279
+00:16:00,100 --> 00:16:07,079
+Levi was a great poet at the time doufu
+
+280
+00:16:03,370 --> 00:16:11,500
+calls him the star of the Golden Gate
+
+281
+00:16:07,079 --> 00:16:14,170
+charismatic drunkard brawler frequenter
+
+282
+00:16:11,500 --> 00:16:18,160
+of the blue houses as the Chinese call
+
+283
+00:16:14,170 --> 00:16:22,089
+him he killed men in fights but he was a
+
+284
+00:16:18,160 --> 00:16:26,529
+brilliant innovative scintillating poet
+
+285
+00:16:22,089 --> 00:16:29,889
+and dupe who fell under his spell what
+
+286
+00:16:26,529 --> 00:16:31,779
+wonderful verses he writes said du feu I
+
+287
+00:16:29,889 --> 00:16:34,660
+love him like a brother
+
+288
+00:16:31,779 --> 00:16:37,240
+those nights we traveled we slept under
+
+289
+00:16:34,660 --> 00:16:40,120
+the same quilt and every day we walk
+
+290
+00:16:37,240 --> 00:16:43,779
+together hand in hand we didn't think
+
+291
+00:16:40,120 --> 00:16:47,730
+about jobs in the government we only
+
+292
+00:16:43,779 --> 00:16:51,100
+thought of other worldly things
+
+293
+00:16:47,730 --> 00:16:51,100
+[Music]
+
+294
+00:16:54,720 --> 00:17:00,980
+[Music]
+
+295
+00:16:57,710 --> 00:17:06,050
+li Bai with do Fu's most important
+
+296
+00:17:00,980 --> 00:17:08,660
+creative relationship nanny right at all
+
+297
+00:17:06,050 --> 00:17:12,490
+for the human linger she wishes so your
+
+298
+00:17:08,660 --> 00:17:17,329
+Papa Muni a means on 20 how you in a
+
+299
+00:17:12,490 --> 00:17:19,790
+Levite sugar uses a tofu each diva
+
+300
+00:17:17,329 --> 00:17:22,550
+Joey Savannah want in an interaction
+
+301
+00:17:19,790 --> 00:17:26,470
+with a Tunisian at the agenda you sure
+
+302
+00:17:22,550 --> 00:17:26,470
+you sure usually CG a chasm
+
+303
+00:17:28,199 --> 00:17:33,750
+for a time the friendship was close at
+
+304
+00:17:30,990 --> 00:17:36,630
+least from doufu side but then they
+
+305
+00:17:33,750 --> 00:17:41,059
+split up and he never saw liebe again
+
+306
+00:17:36,630 --> 00:17:41,059
+although he still dreamed of him
+
+307
+00:17:41,690 --> 00:17:46,720
+separation by death in the end you get
+
+308
+00:17:45,120 --> 00:17:49,340
+over
+
+309
+00:17:46,720 --> 00:17:54,440
+separation and life is a continuing
+
+310
+00:17:49,340 --> 00:17:57,140
+grief no word from your old friend that
+
+311
+00:17:54,440 --> 00:18:00,890
+you've been in my dreams as if you know
+
+312
+00:17:57,140 --> 00:18:03,320
+how much I miss you I feel as if you are
+
+313
+00:18:00,890 --> 00:18:10,100
+no longer mortal the distance between us
+
+314
+00:18:03,320 --> 00:18:12,100
+is so great the waters are deep the
+
+315
+00:18:10,100 --> 00:18:15,730
+waves are wide
+
+316
+00:18:12,100 --> 00:18:18,869
+don't let the river gods take you
+
+317
+00:18:15,730 --> 00:18:18,869
+[Music]
+
+318
+00:18:19,170 --> 00:18:24,960
+it was an eerie premonition for Lieb I
+
+319
+00:18:22,980 --> 00:18:30,230
+would drown on a drunken boating trip
+
+320
+00:18:24,960 --> 00:18:32,520
+but he showed doufu what poetry could be
+
+321
+00:18:30,230 --> 00:18:34,170
+it's amazing is that China's two
+
+322
+00:18:32,520 --> 00:18:37,200
+greatest poets lived at the same time
+
+323
+00:18:34,170 --> 00:18:40,200
+and knew each other what effect did that
+
+324
+00:18:37,200 --> 00:18:42,840
+relationship have on do food you think
+
+325
+00:18:40,200 --> 00:18:47,370
+Lee bought only badly boar was the old
+
+326
+00:18:42,840 --> 00:18:49,920
+pronunciation had a character that was
+
+327
+00:18:47,370 --> 00:18:53,000
+very charismatic and a lot of people are
+
+328
+00:18:49,920 --> 00:18:56,370
+attracted to him and and and do fool
+
+329
+00:18:53,000 --> 00:18:59,100
+worshipped him but his poetry is not at
+
+330
+00:18:56,370 --> 00:19:05,580
+all like that of liebe there's almost
+
+331
+00:18:59,100 --> 00:19:09,390
+died Nicean versus Apollonia no he was
+
+332
+00:19:05,580 --> 00:19:12,810
+very keen on ability to be at one with
+
+333
+00:19:09,390 --> 00:19:15,420
+nature and doufu was much more concerned
+
+334
+00:19:12,810 --> 00:19:18,480
+with people and to people and how you
+
+335
+00:19:15,420 --> 00:19:21,930
+must live according to Confucianism and
+
+336
+00:19:18,480 --> 00:19:24,420
+particularly you had to be loyal to your
+
+337
+00:19:21,930 --> 00:19:27,180
+Emperor or to the leader you chose any
+
+338
+00:19:24,420 --> 00:19:31,860
+rate then the leadership was very
+
+339
+00:19:27,180 --> 00:19:35,580
+important to Confucianism and very
+
+340
+00:19:31,860 --> 00:19:37,560
+important to do for still hoping to
+
+341
+00:19:35,580 --> 00:19:40,680
+serve the Empire he settled in the
+
+342
+00:19:37,560 --> 00:19:43,560
+capital he failed the exams again but he
+
+343
+00:19:40,680 --> 00:19:45,600
+kept writing and through a friend he
+
+344
+00:19:43,560 --> 00:19:49,320
+sent some of his work directly to the
+
+345
+00:19:45,600 --> 00:19:51,840
+Emperor here at the darling palace and
+
+346
+00:19:49,320 --> 00:19:55,550
+to his an astonishment the Emperor read
+
+347
+00:19:51,840 --> 00:19:58,200
+them and summoned him the son of heaven
+
+348
+00:19:55,550 --> 00:20:00,690
+summoned me to his presence he says and
+
+349
+00:19:58,200 --> 00:20:04,140
+the officials came in their carriages
+
+350
+00:20:00,690 --> 00:20:08,130
+and their state robes and I was amazed
+
+351
+00:20:04,140 --> 00:20:10,550
+in a single day my reputation had become
+
+352
+00:20:08,130 --> 00:20:10,550
+brilliant
+
+353
+00:20:11,960 --> 00:20:17,150
+so at last he had a job at court
+
+354
+00:20:17,620 --> 00:20:23,200
+his meager stipend enabled him to marry
+
+355
+00:20:20,350 --> 00:20:25,390
+and start a family but the job was a
+
+356
+00:20:23,200 --> 00:20:30,100
+dead end and he soon became
+
+357
+00:20:25,390 --> 00:20:33,070
+disillusioned I've no role at all in
+
+358
+00:20:30,100 --> 00:20:35,770
+court discussions he wrote just one of
+
+359
+00:20:33,070 --> 00:20:41,350
+thousands who attended every whim of the
+
+360
+00:20:35,770 --> 00:20:43,360
+son of heaven Duvall did try to give him
+
+361
+00:20:41,350 --> 00:20:46,750
+the civil service but she never actually
+
+362
+00:20:43,360 --> 00:20:50,770
+quite fitted in and you can understand
+
+363
+00:20:46,750 --> 00:20:54,100
+why he was too honest the character he
+
+364
+00:20:50,770 --> 00:20:59,230
+he wouldn't her about whatever he had to
+
+365
+00:20:54,100 --> 00:21:02,200
+and however much he wanted to be a very
+
+366
+00:20:59,230 --> 00:21:05,110
+important person who could influence the
+
+367
+00:21:02,200 --> 00:21:06,990
+Emperor in fact he was completely
+
+368
+00:21:05,110 --> 00:21:09,820
+helpless
+
+369
+00:21:06,990 --> 00:21:13,059
+the brilliant Emperor was in his sixties
+
+370
+00:21:09,820 --> 00:21:15,880
+now was a model of enlightened rule he
+
+371
+00:21:13,059 --> 00:21:18,790
+become negligent infatuated with his
+
+372
+00:21:15,880 --> 00:21:22,059
+concubine yang rewarding her family and
+
+373
+00:21:18,790 --> 00:21:24,700
+promoting corrupt ministers for doufu
+
+374
+00:21:22,059 --> 00:21:29,320
+the closer he got to the throne the
+
+375
+00:21:24,700 --> 00:21:31,570
+clearer he saw the reality of power it
+
+376
+00:21:29,320 --> 00:21:35,110
+was a time in the path we'll indulged in
+
+377
+00:21:31,570 --> 00:21:38,410
+murder and plunder the military used up
+
+378
+00:21:35,110 --> 00:21:42,220
+the tax crane in the stores the Imperial
+
+379
+00:21:38,410 --> 00:21:44,050
+Fighting [ __ ] had to be fed many
+
+380
+00:21:42,220 --> 00:21:45,310
+warnings could have been obtained from
+
+381
+00:21:44,050 --> 00:21:54,100
+history
+
+382
+00:21:45,310 --> 00:21:56,380
+about why dynasty of Falls through all
+
+383
+00:21:54,100 --> 00:21:59,230
+of Chinese history the problem has been
+
+384
+00:21:56,380 --> 00:22:01,930
+the same the country's so big that if
+
+385
+00:21:59,230 --> 00:22:05,830
+its rulers lose their grip things fall
+
+386
+00:22:01,930 --> 00:22:09,160
+apart and it was at this point that du
+
+387
+00:22:05,830 --> 00:22:14,770
+feu had a disturbing experience what
+
+388
+00:22:09,160 --> 00:22:17,200
+almost sounds like a sudden seizure du
+
+389
+00:22:14,770 --> 00:22:21,280
+feu came with three friends here to the
+
+390
+00:22:17,200 --> 00:22:24,280
+wild goose pagoda in Xi'an they went
+
+391
+00:22:21,280 --> 00:22:26,860
+inside and climbed up to the top to take
+
+392
+00:22:24,280 --> 00:22:29,530
+the view at sunset but when he looked
+
+393
+00:22:26,860 --> 00:22:33,250
+out du feu was seized by a kind of
+
+394
+00:22:29,530 --> 00:22:37,090
+existential panic the mountains of the
+
+395
+00:22:33,250 --> 00:22:41,770
+north began to dissolve the way River
+
+396
+00:22:37,090 --> 00:22:42,460
+disappeared and then the Imperial City
+
+397
+00:22:41,770 --> 00:22:47,320
+itself
+
+398
+00:22:42,460 --> 00:22:50,790
+vanished in a kind of haze and the wild
+
+399
+00:22:47,320 --> 00:22:50,790
+geese flew away
+
+400
+00:22:58,240 --> 00:23:04,120
+the Empire now went into crisis frontier
+
+401
+00:23:01,630 --> 00:23:07,179
+Wars had led to higher taxes mass
+
+402
+00:23:04,120 --> 00:23:09,730
+conscription hit the poor with social
+
+403
+00:23:07,179 --> 00:23:12,190
+unrest growing the nation was paralyzed
+
+404
+00:23:09,730 --> 00:23:16,000
+by rains and floods with half the
+
+405
+00:23:12,190 --> 00:23:18,520
+capital under water as food ran out in
+
+406
+00:23:16,000 --> 00:23:20,920
+the city Dooku sent his family into the
+
+407
+00:23:18,520 --> 00:23:26,429
+countryside here to the village of
+
+408
+00:23:20,920 --> 00:23:30,280
+function but the rains were relentless
+
+409
+00:23:26,429 --> 00:23:35,170
+then the harvest failed and famine
+
+410
+00:23:30,280 --> 00:23:42,670
+followed do Fu's Confucian dream was
+
+411
+00:23:35,170 --> 00:23:45,010
+unraveling in winter 7:55 desperate to
+
+412
+00:23:42,670 --> 00:23:47,140
+make sure his family was safe he got
+
+413
+00:23:45,010 --> 00:23:51,010
+leave and set off to join them in
+
+414
+00:23:47,140 --> 00:23:54,490
+function I set out a lone traveler at
+
+415
+00:23:51,010 --> 00:24:01,720
+midnight fingers too cold to tie my
+
+416
+00:23:54,490 --> 00:24:04,530
+broken bones at dawn I passed the
+
+417
+00:24:01,720 --> 00:24:04,530
+Imperial Palace
+
+418
+00:24:05,149 --> 00:24:10,909
+here at the hot springs the Emperor
+
+419
+00:24:07,820 --> 00:24:13,040
+entertains his court and music echoes
+
+420
+00:24:10,909 --> 00:24:14,240
+around the hills
+
+421
+00:24:13,040 --> 00:24:16,919
+[Music]
+
+422
+00:24:14,240 --> 00:24:20,549
+only the rich and powerful may bathe
+
+423
+00:24:16,919 --> 00:24:23,909
+here but the silk they were was woven by
+
+424
+00:24:20,549 --> 00:24:27,380
+poor people women whose husbands are
+
+425
+00:24:23,909 --> 00:24:27,380
+beaten for their taxes
+
+426
+00:24:27,729 --> 00:24:34,460
+the halls are full of ladies as fair as
+
+427
+00:24:30,769 --> 00:24:37,309
+goddesses scent of perfume moves with
+
+428
+00:24:34,460 --> 00:24:41,690
+each captivating figure clothed in the
+
+429
+00:24:37,309 --> 00:24:44,840
+warm furs of sable and to tend with the
+
+430
+00:24:41,690 --> 00:24:49,309
+finest music fed with camel hump soup
+
+431
+00:24:44,840 --> 00:24:52,460
+and oranges ripened in the frost behind
+
+432
+00:24:49,309 --> 00:24:59,599
+the red lacquered gates wine is left to
+
+433
+00:24:52,460 --> 00:25:05,049
+sour meat to rot outside the gates lie
+
+434
+00:24:59,599 --> 00:25:05,049
+the bones of the frozen and starved
+
+435
+00:25:06,099 --> 00:25:15,739
+but when du feu got to the village his
+
+436
+00:25:09,349 --> 00:25:20,059
+worst fears had come true when I reached
+
+437
+00:25:15,739 --> 00:25:25,279
+home I heard wailing in the house my
+
+438
+00:25:20,059 --> 00:25:29,629
+infant child had died of hunger I am
+
+439
+00:25:25,279 --> 00:25:33,770
+ashamed of being a father so poor that I
+
+440
+00:25:29,629 --> 00:25:37,970
+cost my son to die for lack of food
+
+441
+00:25:33,770 --> 00:25:40,940
+but I am one of the privileged if my
+
+442
+00:25:37,970 --> 00:25:44,650
+life is so bitter and how much worse is
+
+443
+00:25:40,940 --> 00:25:44,650
+the life of the common people
+
+444
+00:25:49,250 --> 00:25:58,790
+worse was to come in mid-december 7:55 a
+
+445
+00:25:56,000 --> 00:26:02,960
+huge rebellion broke out led by the
+
+446
+00:25:58,790 --> 00:26:05,030
+renegade general and Lucian with an army
+
+447
+00:26:02,960 --> 00:26:10,010
+of a quarter of a million men he marched
+
+448
+00:26:05,030 --> 00:26:12,500
+on the cabbages 7:55 is the data always
+
+449
+00:26:10,010 --> 00:26:13,700
+tell everyone when the whole of
+
+450
+00:26:12,500 --> 00:26:18,350
+childhood collapse
+
+451
+00:26:13,700 --> 00:26:19,250
+I think the rebellion flawed the apart
+
+452
+00:26:18,350 --> 00:26:23,150
+completely
+
+453
+00:26:19,250 --> 00:26:25,910
+the Emperor resigned and his son took
+
+454
+00:26:23,150 --> 00:26:29,060
+over and there was a lot of infighting
+
+455
+00:26:25,910 --> 00:26:32,750
+the country was completely Lutnick off
+
+456
+00:26:29,060 --> 00:26:35,960
+and there was a huge dr recruitment of
+
+457
+00:26:32,750 --> 00:26:39,020
+soldiers either side and it was very
+
+458
+00:26:35,960 --> 00:26:41,980
+hard for ordinary people to live and to
+
+459
+00:26:39,020 --> 00:26:41,980
+survive
+
+460
+00:26:43,540 --> 00:26:49,350
+[Music]
+
+461
+00:26:45,890 --> 00:26:51,830
+the crisis lusted eight years the
+
+462
+00:26:49,350 --> 00:26:55,110
+destruction and loss of life was huge
+
+463
+00:26:51,830 --> 00:26:57,300
+ton government censuses suggest as many
+
+464
+00:26:55,110 --> 00:27:01,500
+as 30 million people who were displaced
+
+465
+00:26:57,300 --> 00:27:04,520
+killed in war or died of famine it was
+
+466
+00:27:01,500 --> 00:27:07,350
+as deadly as the first world war and
+
+467
+00:27:04,520 --> 00:27:09,510
+from this time Diouf whose poetry
+
+468
+00:27:07,350 --> 00:27:13,080
+conjures images from later Chinese
+
+469
+00:27:09,510 --> 00:27:17,070
+history when order breaks down and chaos
+
+470
+00:27:13,080 --> 00:27:19,500
+rises like a storm as the rebels closed
+
+471
+00:27:17,070 --> 00:27:21,900
+in on the capital du feu and his family
+
+472
+00:27:19,500 --> 00:27:24,570
+took to the road heading north to escape
+
+473
+00:27:21,900 --> 00:27:25,830
+the fighting
+
+474
+00:27:24,570 --> 00:27:28,730
+[Music]
+
+475
+00:27:25,830 --> 00:27:32,850
+I remember when we first fled the rebels
+
+476
+00:27:28,730 --> 00:27:36,509
+hurrying north over dangerous trails the
+
+477
+00:27:32,850 --> 00:27:40,399
+whole family trudging endlessly begging
+
+478
+00:27:36,509 --> 00:27:40,399
+without shame from the people we met
+
+479
+00:27:41,720 --> 00:27:49,309
+we walked for 10 days holy hands half in
+
+480
+00:27:46,940 --> 00:27:53,000
+rain and thunder through the mud we
+
+481
+00:27:49,309 --> 00:27:56,029
+pulled each other on searching the
+
+482
+00:27:53,000 --> 00:28:02,929
+horizon for a wisp of smoke that might
+
+483
+00:27:56,029 --> 00:28:05,059
+lead us to a safe shelter the war was
+
+484
+00:28:02,929 --> 00:28:08,450
+the turning point in do Fu's life and
+
+485
+00:28:05,059 --> 00:28:11,600
+the Great Divide in his poetry now he
+
+486
+00:28:08,450 --> 00:28:16,600
+knew what it meant to be a Shakespeare
+
+487
+00:28:11,600 --> 00:28:16,600
+would put it a pour on accommodated man
+
+488
+00:28:17,409 --> 00:28:23,419
+ocean Sherman did a gurney in scene de
+
+489
+00:28:20,659 --> 00:28:27,080
+you had seen da how Madison Pappy
+
+490
+00:28:23,419 --> 00:28:29,210
+internal wushu girl and corner when
+
+491
+00:28:27,080 --> 00:28:32,090
+Anton George and Giada you got three
+
+492
+00:28:29,210 --> 00:28:35,330
+putana novice you see it had a sugar the
+
+493
+00:28:32,090 --> 00:28:40,059
+fungi European dog and Giada 10 John
+
+494
+00:28:35,330 --> 00:28:40,059
+Canzano woman so shocked in each other
+
+495
+00:28:42,460 --> 00:28:50,659
+in spring 756 the capital fell to an
+
+496
+00:28:46,909 --> 00:28:52,190
+Lucian's army the new Emperor and his
+
+497
+00:28:50,659 --> 00:28:54,230
+court had fled south
+
+498
+00:28:52,190 --> 00:28:58,370
+but when doufu tried to join them he was
+
+499
+00:28:54,230 --> 00:29:01,340
+captured on the road by the rebels too
+
+500
+00:28:58,370 --> 00:29:04,070
+lowly to warrant execution he was taken
+
+501
+00:29:01,340 --> 00:29:07,340
+as a captive to the capital once more
+
+502
+00:29:04,070 --> 00:29:10,100
+separated from his family among the
+
+503
+00:29:07,340 --> 00:29:12,850
+poems he wrote then were famous verses
+
+504
+00:29:10,100 --> 00:29:12,850
+to his wife
+
+505
+00:29:14,549 --> 00:29:26,710
+the moon shines in few Joe tonight in
+
+506
+00:29:20,190 --> 00:29:30,929
+her chamber she watches alone a cloud
+
+507
+00:29:26,710 --> 00:29:36,790
+like hair sweet with mist a jade arms
+
+508
+00:29:30,929 --> 00:29:39,669
+cold in the clear moonlight when should
+
+509
+00:29:36,790 --> 00:29:48,580
+we lean in the empty window together in
+
+510
+00:29:39,669 --> 00:29:49,990
+brightness our tears dried out he spent
+
+511
+00:29:48,580 --> 00:29:52,870
+that winter in the following spring
+
+512
+00:29:49,990 --> 00:29:55,870
+doing forced labor as a porter under
+
+513
+00:29:52,870 --> 00:30:00,340
+rebel rule in the ruined capital but he
+
+514
+00:29:55,870 --> 00:30:02,860
+was still writing poetry well I think
+
+515
+00:30:00,340 --> 00:30:06,520
+you identify with him much more than
+
+516
+00:30:02,860 --> 00:30:10,030
+before because you see him as a helpless
+
+517
+00:30:06,520 --> 00:30:12,820
+pawn in the way of the great events of
+
+518
+00:30:10,030 --> 00:30:16,030
+happening around him he couldn't help
+
+519
+00:30:12,820 --> 00:30:19,120
+writing hmm he had to write to say all
+
+520
+00:30:16,030 --> 00:30:21,760
+the things he wanted to say and I think
+
+521
+00:30:19,120 --> 00:30:25,179
+it was that is this time that his art
+
+522
+00:30:21,760 --> 00:30:27,760
+really grows to be more than just an
+
+523
+00:30:25,179 --> 00:30:29,650
+ordinary persons he becomes a great poet
+
+524
+00:30:27,760 --> 00:30:32,290
+through through the experience of war
+
+525
+00:30:29,650 --> 00:30:35,590
+and suffering yeah I think without the
+
+526
+00:30:32,290 --> 00:30:38,250
+understand we would have to for as as we
+
+527
+00:30:35,590 --> 00:30:38,250
+know him now
+
+528
+00:30:38,620 --> 00:30:45,130
+it was at this time that doufu wrote one
+
+529
+00:30:42,130 --> 00:30:48,830
+of his most celebrated poems still known
+
+530
+00:30:45,130 --> 00:30:52,670
+to all Chinese people today
+
+531
+00:30:48,830 --> 00:30:54,940
+the state is destroyed but the country
+
+532
+00:30:52,670 --> 00:30:58,359
+remains
+
+533
+00:30:54,940 --> 00:31:01,769
+in the city in spring grass and weeds
+
+534
+00:30:58,359 --> 00:31:06,729
+grow everywhere grieving for the times
+
+535
+00:31:01,769 --> 00:31:08,769
+even the blossom sheds tears heekin
+
+536
+00:31:06,729 --> 00:31:10,700
+fires have been burning for three months
+
+537
+00:31:08,769 --> 00:31:13,910
+now
+
+538
+00:31:10,700 --> 00:31:15,380
+a letter from home would be worth ten
+
+539
+00:31:13,910 --> 00:31:18,469
+thousand in gold
+
+540
+00:31:15,380 --> 00:31:18,469
+[Music]
+
+541
+00:31:20,340 --> 00:31:25,360
+eventually doufu escaped through the
+
+542
+00:31:23,020 --> 00:31:29,559
+rebel lines and was reunited with his
+
+543
+00:31:25,360 --> 00:31:32,290
+family and then in winter 759 driven by
+
+544
+00:31:29,559 --> 00:31:35,900
+starvation they headed out west to chin
+
+545
+00:31:32,290 --> 00:31:38,810
+Joe today's chance Wayne
+
+546
+00:31:35,900 --> 00:31:41,360
+and in midwinter as the war came closer
+
+547
+00:31:38,810 --> 00:31:43,610
+they turned south a terrible journey
+
+548
+00:31:41,360 --> 00:31:46,580
+over the forbidding mountainous divide
+
+549
+00:31:43,610 --> 00:31:49,360
+of central China down to Sichuan and the
+
+550
+00:31:46,580 --> 00:31:49,360
+city of Chengdu
+
+551
+00:31:53,690 --> 00:32:00,270
+you can feel his relief to be down south
+
+552
+00:31:57,200 --> 00:32:03,090
+suddenly I'm under a new corner of the
+
+553
+00:32:00,270 --> 00:32:05,580
+sky he wrote among the mulberries and
+
+554
+00:32:03,090 --> 00:32:06,450
+Elms the Sun shines on my travelers
+
+555
+00:32:05,580 --> 00:32:10,950
+clothes
+
+556
+00:32:06,450 --> 00:32:14,490
+the city is bustling full of new people
+
+557
+00:32:10,950 --> 00:32:23,610
+a splendid houses the trees though I
+
+558
+00:32:14,490 --> 00:32:26,310
+miss my home it's a beautiful place here
+
+559
+00:32:23,610 --> 00:32:28,620
+in Chengdu an old friend gave him a plot
+
+560
+00:32:26,310 --> 00:32:31,500
+of land outside the town it was a
+
+561
+00:32:28,620 --> 00:32:34,560
+heavenly spot and he built himself a
+
+562
+00:32:31,500 --> 00:32:36,810
+batched cottage ever since it's been
+
+563
+00:32:34,560 --> 00:32:39,570
+china's most famous place of literary
+
+564
+00:32:36,810 --> 00:32:45,780
+pilgrimage as each dynasty has
+
+565
+00:32:39,570 --> 00:32:48,720
+reimagined doufu in its own way du feu
+
+566
+00:32:45,780 --> 00:32:50,970
+has evolved to beat the great poet the
+
+567
+00:32:48,720 --> 00:32:55,170
+mother which dynasty he's been in for
+
+568
+00:32:50,970 --> 00:32:58,170
+1200 years these poetry reflects an
+
+569
+00:32:55,170 --> 00:33:00,090
+experience and transforms it and so this
+
+570
+00:32:58,170 --> 00:33:02,990
+becomes part of the vocabulary of
+
+571
+00:33:00,090 --> 00:33:06,660
+emotional vocabulary of the culture and
+
+572
+00:33:02,990 --> 00:33:09,510
+today poetry lovers young and old come
+
+573
+00:33:06,660 --> 00:33:12,720
+here from all over China so she likes
+
+574
+00:33:09,510 --> 00:33:14,670
+dutiful already in the garden I met one
+
+575
+00:33:12,720 --> 00:33:17,970
+doufu fan who'd started very young
+
+576
+00:33:14,670 --> 00:33:21,120
+indeed so what you manage our York
+
+577
+00:33:17,970 --> 00:33:23,610
+y'all has a year I shouldn't I'll hire
+
+578
+00:33:21,120 --> 00:33:25,800
+you see you honey no you Lea hey y'all
+
+579
+00:33:23,610 --> 00:33:28,510
+better than a dollar and then it'll
+
+580
+00:33:25,800 --> 00:33:31,670
+channa
+
+581
+00:33:28,510 --> 00:33:31,670
+[Music]
+
+582
+00:33:31,780 --> 00:33:40,310
+how do ya found from my fashion Playboy
+
+583
+00:33:36,860 --> 00:33:43,090
+channel yet well with your shop yah yah
+
+584
+00:33:40,310 --> 00:33:48,500
+a reindeer head downtown for dunya
+
+585
+00:33:43,090 --> 00:33:49,580
+horseshit or fire going in Bangkok so
+
+586
+00:33:48,500 --> 00:33:52,730
+that was very good
+
+587
+00:33:49,580 --> 00:33:56,990
+thank you thank you oh thank you that's
+
+588
+00:33:52,730 --> 00:34:01,190
+wonderful so why do the Chinese people
+
+589
+00:33:56,990 --> 00:34:04,520
+love doufu still so much well I think
+
+590
+00:34:01,190 --> 00:34:06,110
+the racing years started to be famous
+
+591
+00:34:04,520 --> 00:34:08,719
+again because of the injured notch
+
+592
+00:34:06,110 --> 00:34:11,300
+especially the young people if you
+
+593
+00:34:08,719 --> 00:34:13,340
+travel abroad and you can started
+
+594
+00:34:11,300 --> 00:34:15,350
+feeling proud of being a Chinese and
+
+595
+00:34:13,340 --> 00:34:18,790
+kind of homesick want to go back home
+
+596
+00:34:15,350 --> 00:34:23,540
+how the food you can you make haha I go
+
+597
+00:34:18,790 --> 00:34:26,270
+other since they only for the long I go
+
+598
+00:34:23,540 --> 00:34:28,760
+to Jensen Quintero my whole initiation
+
+599
+00:34:26,270 --> 00:34:32,239
+so you have been to this place before
+
+600
+00:34:28,760 --> 00:34:34,880
+Oh orphan orphan very open you have a
+
+601
+00:34:32,239 --> 00:34:38,389
+life that much once a month you come
+
+602
+00:34:34,880 --> 00:34:42,260
+why is due for some importance to you he
+
+603
+00:34:38,389 --> 00:34:45,139
+load many points to express meaning of
+
+604
+00:34:42,260 --> 00:34:48,080
+the general people the Ottoman people
+
+605
+00:34:45,139 --> 00:34:51,460
+specially for the club especially for
+
+606
+00:34:48,080 --> 00:34:51,460
+the poor for our people
+
+607
+00:34:56,389 --> 00:35:03,510
+here outside the city there are a few
+
+608
+00:34:59,070 --> 00:35:07,490
+worldly affairs beside us there's a
+
+609
+00:35:03,510 --> 00:35:10,830
+clear stream to dispel a strangers grief
+
+610
+00:35:07,490 --> 00:35:14,490
+clouds are dragonflies hover rising and
+
+611
+00:35:10,830 --> 00:35:20,750
+falling the pair of ducks dive and swim
+
+612
+00:35:14,490 --> 00:35:24,030
+together I've chosen a place to grow old
+
+613
+00:35:20,750 --> 00:35:32,670
+far from the capital I have become a
+
+614
+00:35:24,030 --> 00:35:37,050
+farmer on a long summer day everything
+
+615
+00:35:32,670 --> 00:35:41,940
+has a secret beauty the swallows and the
+
+616
+00:35:37,050 --> 00:35:46,570
+roof come and go as they please my wife
+
+617
+00:35:41,940 --> 00:35:49,180
+makes a chessboard by painting paper
+
+618
+00:35:46,570 --> 00:35:51,840
+my boys make fishhooks by bending
+
+619
+00:35:49,180 --> 00:35:51,840
+needles
+
+620
+00:35:53,630 --> 00:36:05,970
+man who's often sick needs meds what
+
+621
+00:35:58,590 --> 00:36:08,340
+else should an ordinary person see doufu
+
+622
+00:36:05,970 --> 00:36:11,220
+has always been portrayed as a Confucian
+
+623
+00:36:08,340 --> 00:36:14,160
+hero but so many of his poems are about
+
+624
+00:36:11,220 --> 00:36:15,650
+ordinary people and the simple joys of
+
+625
+00:36:14,160 --> 00:36:18,600
+life
+
+626
+00:36:15,650 --> 00:36:21,720
+the Chinese critics in the sungazer said
+
+627
+00:36:18,600 --> 00:36:25,550
+he never for a moment forgot the Empire
+
+628
+00:36:21,720 --> 00:36:28,380
+of the suffering people I beg to differ
+
+629
+00:36:25,550 --> 00:36:30,780
+when he was having a good meal he forgot
+
+630
+00:36:28,380 --> 00:36:35,250
+completely about the Empire he
+
+631
+00:36:30,780 --> 00:36:38,700
+concentrated entirely on the meal he
+
+632
+00:36:35,250 --> 00:36:42,690
+wore palms on food than any port before
+
+633
+00:36:38,700 --> 00:36:44,910
+him and there's a sensuality in that
+
+634
+00:36:42,690 --> 00:36:51,090
+which is missing in Confucian era our
+
+635
+00:36:44,910 --> 00:36:53,730
+story in Chengdu he became a poet farmer
+
+636
+00:36:51,090 --> 00:36:59,610
+finding beauty in nature and in the
+
+637
+00:36:53,730 --> 00:37:04,500
+intimacy of the everyday do foo writes
+
+638
+00:36:59,610 --> 00:37:07,260
+about it as if it were a needle but at
+
+639
+00:37:04,500 --> 00:37:11,970
+the same time he says I keep finding
+
+640
+00:37:07,260 --> 00:37:14,010
+myself grieving bitterly and to
+
+641
+00:37:11,970 --> 00:37:16,650
+understand why maybe an analogy from
+
+642
+00:37:14,010 --> 00:37:18,240
+Western culture is helpful right in the
+
+643
+00:37:16,650 --> 00:37:20,220
+middle of the first world war Sigmund
+
+644
+00:37:18,240 --> 00:37:22,950
+Freud wrote an essay on grieving in
+
+645
+00:37:20,220 --> 00:37:26,730
+which he says that one may grieve as
+
+646
+00:37:22,950 --> 00:37:30,570
+intensely for an ideal or a civilization
+
+647
+00:37:26,730 --> 00:37:33,510
+as for a loved one and I think that's
+
+648
+00:37:30,570 --> 00:37:36,320
+what doufu is experiencing a cultural
+
+649
+00:37:33,510 --> 00:37:36,320
+sorrow
+
+650
+00:37:36,760 --> 00:37:43,630
+in the face of total war all the
+
+651
+00:37:40,060 --> 00:37:47,410
+certainties of the old world had gone
+
+652
+00:37:43,630 --> 00:37:50,410
+in spring 762 with the war still raging
+
+653
+00:37:47,410 --> 00:37:52,390
+the new emperor died seizing their
+
+654
+00:37:50,410 --> 00:38:02,260
+moment the Tibetans launched a massive
+
+655
+00:37:52,390 --> 00:38:04,390
+raid into western China as their armies
+
+656
+00:38:02,260 --> 00:38:06,970
+advanced in the West and the rebels
+
+657
+00:38:04,390 --> 00:38:07,630
+ravaged the north doufu took to the road
+
+658
+00:38:06,970 --> 00:38:11,470
+again
+
+659
+00:38:07,630 --> 00:38:15,750
+now in increasingly bad health the life
+
+660
+00:38:11,470 --> 00:38:15,750
+of a poor refugee had taken its toll
+
+661
+00:38:18,460 --> 00:38:24,160
+he headed down to the Yangtze hoping to
+
+662
+00:38:21,460 --> 00:38:29,740
+find a way out on the one safe route
+
+663
+00:38:24,160 --> 00:38:33,309
+still open the river the road ahead is
+
+664
+00:38:29,740 --> 00:38:40,050
+blurred and lost he wrote where is the
+
+665
+00:38:33,309 --> 00:38:40,050
+capital now he would never see it again
+
+666
+00:38:45,640 --> 00:38:53,499
+so now we follow his track onwards on
+
+667
+00:38:48,709 --> 00:38:56,660
+what the Chinese call the Great River
+
+668
+00:38:53,499 --> 00:38:59,239
+leaving the heartland of China behind he
+
+669
+00:38:56,660 --> 00:39:01,849
+heads east on the Yangtze still a great
+
+670
+00:38:59,239 --> 00:39:06,559
+artery of communication and commerce as
+
+671
+00:39:01,849 --> 00:39:08,599
+it was in his time right the little
+
+672
+00:39:06,559 --> 00:39:10,849
+glimpse of the old fashioned travel on
+
+673
+00:39:08,599 --> 00:39:14,089
+the River Yangtze in the Tang Dynasty
+
+674
+00:39:10,849 --> 00:39:16,400
+they say thousands of ships are going up
+
+675
+00:39:14,089 --> 00:39:19,250
+and down every day and the nation would
+
+676
+00:39:16,400 --> 00:39:22,949
+come to a halt if the ships stopped
+
+677
+00:39:19,250 --> 00:39:22,949
+[Music]
+
+678
+00:39:24,250 --> 00:39:31,460
+over the next few months he sails 400
+
+679
+00:39:27,859 --> 00:39:33,849
+miles downriver to cuejoe today's by de
+
+680
+00:39:31,460 --> 00:39:33,849
+Chung
+
+681
+00:39:36,020 --> 00:39:41,870
+down here doof who found himself outside
+
+682
+00:39:38,930 --> 00:39:44,210
+the civilization he knew the indigenous
+
+683
+00:39:41,870 --> 00:39:46,820
+people spoke a completely different
+
+684
+00:39:44,210 --> 00:39:50,410
+dialect it was a new world to him
+
+685
+00:39:46,820 --> 00:39:50,410
+physically and mentally
+
+686
+00:39:55,570 --> 00:40:00,710
+and this is where he stopped the
+
+687
+00:39:58,040 --> 00:40:02,990
+entrance to the Yangtze gorges as a
+
+688
+00:40:00,710 --> 00:40:06,080
+landscape it could hardly be more
+
+689
+00:40:02,990 --> 00:40:09,080
+different from the beautiful gardens of
+
+690
+00:40:06,080 --> 00:40:12,950
+the fetched cottage in Chengdu here the
+
+691
+00:40:09,080 --> 00:40:15,830
+giant gorges the great river as powerful
+
+692
+00:40:12,950 --> 00:40:17,510
+as an ocean as du feu said and he got
+
+693
+00:40:15,830 --> 00:40:20,630
+himself a little farm stirred up in the
+
+694
+00:40:17,510 --> 00:40:24,020
+hills grew vegetables kept chickens and
+
+695
+00:40:20,630 --> 00:40:27,260
+he wrote and wrote every day in an
+
+696
+00:40:24,020 --> 00:40:33,800
+incredible outpouring of poetry hundreds
+
+697
+00:40:27,260 --> 00:40:36,470
+of poems it was clear now that his dream
+
+698
+00:40:33,800 --> 00:40:38,660
+of being the Emperor's Minister and
+
+699
+00:40:36,470 --> 00:40:45,110
+having his picture hung in the unicorn
+
+700
+00:40:38,660 --> 00:40:48,980
+hall would never be fulfilled the autumn
+
+701
+00:40:45,110 --> 00:40:51,140
+wastes are each day Wilder cold in the
+
+702
+00:40:48,980 --> 00:40:55,010
+river the blue sky stares
+
+703
+00:40:51,140 --> 00:40:59,720
+I have moored my boat to the well roped
+
+704
+00:40:55,010 --> 00:41:04,490
+star of the barbarians my ambition was
+
+705
+00:40:59,720 --> 00:41:08,960
+to be seen in the unicorn Hall but my
+
+706
+00:41:04,490 --> 00:41:13,940
+ears decline on the great river autumn
+
+707
+00:41:08,960 --> 00:41:17,410
+is soon inspect in the empty Gorge the
+
+708
+00:41:13,940 --> 00:41:17,410
+night is full of noises
+
+709
+00:41:23,220 --> 00:41:29,940
+long wanderings will be my fate he wrote
+
+710
+00:41:26,790 --> 00:41:33,359
+but he wasn't afraid for as another
+
+711
+00:41:29,940 --> 00:41:36,840
+exiled Dante would say our fate cannot
+
+712
+00:41:33,359 --> 00:41:38,640
+be taken from us it is a gift and in the
+
+713
+00:41:36,840 --> 00:41:41,790
+gorges though at great cost to himself
+
+714
+00:41:38,640 --> 00:41:46,170
+du Fu's gift was creative and
+
+715
+00:41:41,790 --> 00:41:48,990
+imaginative freedom I can't imagine a
+
+716
+00:41:46,170 --> 00:41:52,170
+more interesting place to be stuck it
+
+717
+00:41:48,990 --> 00:41:54,900
+was a world of immense motion and change
+
+718
+00:41:52,170 --> 00:41:57,540
+and transformation and the language was
+
+719
+00:41:54,900 --> 00:42:02,400
+forced to do things you didn't think the
+
+720
+00:41:57,540 --> 00:42:04,619
+Chinese language could ever do here is
+
+721
+00:42:02,400 --> 00:42:06,930
+art struggling with the contingency of
+
+722
+00:42:04,619 --> 00:42:16,619
+the everyday and trying to make sense of
+
+723
+00:42:06,930 --> 00:42:20,970
+it what you feel to hear in the deep
+
+724
+00:42:16,619 --> 00:42:24,030
+gorges is the power of nature the Great
+
+725
+00:42:20,970 --> 00:42:28,740
+River the crushed strata of rocks
+
+726
+00:42:24,030 --> 00:42:30,630
+towering above you Chinese scientists in
+
+727
+00:42:28,740 --> 00:42:32,790
+the Tong dynasty unlike people in the
+
+728
+00:42:30,630 --> 00:42:37,130
+West knew very well that the earth was
+
+729
+00:42:32,790 --> 00:42:39,930
+very very old and maybe living among
+
+730
+00:42:37,130 --> 00:42:43,589
+these kind of landscapes go the great
+
+731
+00:42:39,930 --> 00:42:46,470
+nature poet another handle on the
+
+732
+00:42:43,589 --> 00:42:50,900
+relationship between human beings and
+
+733
+00:42:46,470 --> 00:42:50,900
+time and the cosmos
+
+734
+00:42:57,660 --> 00:43:03,130
+in the evening of the year
+
+735
+00:43:00,250 --> 00:43:09,280
+yin and yang hurry the shortening
+
+736
+00:43:03,130 --> 00:43:15,550
+daylight on the sky's edge frost and
+
+737
+00:43:09,280 --> 00:43:18,210
+snow clear in the cold of night in the
+
+738
+00:43:15,550 --> 00:43:22,540
+Three Gorges the river of stars
+
+739
+00:43:18,210 --> 00:43:27,730
+reflection stirring shaking weeping in
+
+740
+00:43:22,540 --> 00:43:34,570
+the wilderness how many families know of
+
+741
+00:43:27,730 --> 00:43:37,930
+war loss the people's songs rise from
+
+742
+00:43:34,570 --> 00:43:41,140
+fishermen and woodcutters tales of
+
+743
+00:43:37,930 --> 00:43:47,890
+sleeping dragon and beeping horse the
+
+744
+00:43:41,140 --> 00:43:51,160
+old heroes who have turned to dust all
+
+745
+00:43:47,890 --> 00:44:00,430
+word of events in the human world lost
+
+746
+00:43:51,160 --> 00:44:04,600
+in these fast silent spaces closer now
+
+747
+00:44:00,430 --> 00:44:06,580
+to his mentor li bai's love of nature du
+
+748
+00:44:04,600 --> 00:44:09,010
+feu had come to terms with the limits of
+
+749
+00:44:06,580 --> 00:44:13,180
+human action in the face of the
+
+750
+00:44:09,010 --> 00:44:15,160
+immensity of nature and time his poems
+
+751
+00:44:13,180 --> 00:44:18,160
+from the gorges have influenced chinese
+
+752
+00:44:15,160 --> 00:44:21,970
+poets ever since and in the West artists
+
+753
+00:44:18,160 --> 00:44:24,520
+from the modernists to Pink Floyd they
+
+754
+00:44:21,970 --> 00:44:25,880
+are the greatest poems of the Chinese
+
+755
+00:44:24,520 --> 00:44:27,980
+language
+
+756
+00:44:25,880 --> 00:44:32,120
+they do what could not have been
+
+757
+00:44:27,980 --> 00:44:34,520
+imagined beforehand they do things that
+
+758
+00:44:32,120 --> 00:44:38,150
+people try to do again later but never
+
+759
+00:44:34,520 --> 00:44:40,940
+could quite do it was the summer the
+
+760
+00:44:38,150 --> 00:44:46,670
+early medieval Chinese thought and
+
+761
+00:44:40,940 --> 00:44:49,340
+poetry he is a pro Tiant mind and when
+
+762
+00:44:46,670 --> 00:44:56,680
+you see that mind at work it's a kind of
+
+763
+00:44:49,340 --> 00:44:59,630
+joy Diouf who lived here for two years
+
+764
+00:44:56,680 --> 00:45:02,180
+the last period of his life when he had
+
+765
+00:44:59,630 --> 00:45:04,160
+a settled abode he had some kind of
+
+766
+00:45:02,180 --> 00:45:06,440
+social life looking after his poor
+
+767
+00:45:04,160 --> 00:45:09,200
+neighbors and he got invites to
+
+768
+00:45:06,440 --> 00:45:12,260
+functions in town and one night
+
+769
+00:45:09,200 --> 00:45:15,500
+something extraordinary happened he went
+
+770
+00:45:12,260 --> 00:45:18,860
+to a concert that triggered perhaps his
+
+771
+00:45:15,500 --> 00:45:21,370
+most intense childhood memory from fifty
+
+772
+00:45:18,860 --> 00:45:21,370
+years before
+
+773
+00:45:21,890 --> 00:45:36,630
+[Music]
+
+774
+00:45:31,100 --> 00:45:41,660
+on November the 15th 767 I saw the lady
+
+775
+00:45:36,630 --> 00:45:41,660
+Li from Lin Ying to form the sword dance
+
+776
+00:45:42,880 --> 00:45:48,980
+marveling at her agility I asked who her
+
+777
+00:45:45,619 --> 00:45:53,119
+teacher was I'm a pupil of Kong soon she
+
+778
+00:45:48,980 --> 00:45:54,340
+says and I remembered that there when I
+
+779
+00:45:53,119 --> 00:45:58,300
+was still a child
+
+780
+00:45:54,340 --> 00:45:58,300
+[Music]
+
+781
+00:45:59,559 --> 00:46:05,319
+since then more than 50 years have
+
+782
+00:46:01,959 --> 00:46:10,900
+passed so fast like the turning of a
+
+783
+00:46:05,319 --> 00:46:14,829
+palm stormy waves of war have unfolded
+
+784
+00:46:10,900 --> 00:46:17,259
+our royal house in gloom the pupils of
+
+785
+00:46:14,829 --> 00:46:21,930
+the peach garden the royal dance school
+
+786
+00:46:17,259 --> 00:46:21,930
+have scattered like disappearing mists
+
+787
+00:46:24,079 --> 00:46:30,489
+the brilliant feasts the music and the
+
+788
+00:46:26,660 --> 00:46:30,489
+songs have ended
+
+789
+00:46:32,260 --> 00:46:38,690
+and I'm now an old man who does not know
+
+790
+00:46:36,940 --> 00:46:41,720
+where he's going
+
+791
+00:46:38,690 --> 00:46:44,609
+[Music]
+
+792
+00:46:41,720 --> 00:46:49,310
+Diouf who saw that through her pupil
+
+793
+00:46:44,609 --> 00:46:49,310
+lady Gong Seoul's art had lived on
+
+794
+00:46:50,270 --> 00:46:56,570
+but what of him would his art survive
+
+795
+00:46:57,610 --> 00:47:01,760
+[Music]
+
+796
+00:47:04,070 --> 00:47:10,310
+in spring 768 doufu gave his cottage to
+
+797
+00:47:08,000 --> 00:47:14,510
+a neighbor and moved on we don't know
+
+798
+00:47:10,310 --> 00:47:17,330
+why I've given up on official service he
+
+799
+00:47:14,510 --> 00:47:20,000
+wrote blown by the winds unlike a
+
+800
+00:47:17,330 --> 00:47:25,040
+seagull circling between heaven and
+
+801
+00:47:20,000 --> 00:47:27,770
+earth he's just a wanderer travelling
+
+802
+00:47:25,040 --> 00:47:30,890
+along the river with his wife and kids
+
+803
+00:47:27,770 --> 00:47:33,050
+couple of servants and a boat man with
+
+804
+00:47:30,890 --> 00:47:36,170
+all their worldly goods on their little
+
+805
+00:47:33,050 --> 00:47:39,470
+boat and the precious Scrolls of his
+
+806
+00:47:36,170 --> 00:47:42,110
+poems over the next year they went on
+
+807
+00:47:39,470 --> 00:47:44,720
+downriver and then turned south across
+
+808
+00:47:42,110 --> 00:47:45,890
+daunting lake till they reached the city
+
+809
+00:47:44,720 --> 00:47:47,740
+of Tang Jo
+
+810
+00:47:45,890 --> 00:47:51,350
+today's Cheung sha
+
+811
+00:47:47,740 --> 00:47:54,230
+[Music]
+
+812
+00:47:51,350 --> 00:47:57,250
+away from the conflicts in the north for
+
+813
+00:47:54,230 --> 00:47:59,990
+now Changsha was a safe haven like
+
+814
+00:47:57,250 --> 00:48:01,869
+casablanca after the fall of France in
+
+815
+00:47:59,990 --> 00:48:04,549
+World War two
+
+816
+00:48:01,869 --> 00:48:07,880
+so that pavilions built on the spot
+
+817
+00:48:04,549 --> 00:48:10,309
+where doufu supposed to have stayed he
+
+818
+00:48:07,880 --> 00:48:12,410
+left the boat on the shore and rented a
+
+819
+00:48:10,309 --> 00:48:14,719
+room upstairs in one of the tenements
+
+820
+00:48:12,410 --> 00:48:18,589
+looking over the fisherman's market just
+
+821
+00:48:14,719 --> 00:48:21,019
+outside of town for so long I've had no
+
+822
+00:48:18,589 --> 00:48:24,019
+fixed abode he wrote my children have
+
+823
+00:48:21,019 --> 00:48:27,259
+grown up on the road in every place I've
+
+824
+00:48:24,019 --> 00:48:30,670
+left a house and a garden but Changsha
+
+825
+00:48:27,259 --> 00:48:30,670
+offered a fresh start
+
+826
+00:48:32,800 --> 00:48:38,200
+today at Dooku's pavilion Changsha
+
+827
+00:48:35,680 --> 00:48:40,360
+locals exercise sing and dance and play
+
+828
+00:48:38,200 --> 00:48:43,600
+music first thing in the morning and
+
+829
+00:48:40,360 --> 00:48:46,220
+again after work and here do Fu's mood
+
+830
+00:48:43,600 --> 00:48:55,309
+lifted
+
+831
+00:48:46,220 --> 00:48:55,309
+[Music]
+
+832
+00:48:56,720 --> 00:49:02,309
+what he found here was a refugee
+
+833
+00:48:59,550 --> 00:49:04,800
+community of artists musicians and poets
+
+834
+00:49:02,309 --> 00:49:08,010
+some of whom he'd known in the north and
+
+835
+00:49:04,800 --> 00:49:14,069
+he stayed here for that winter regaining
+
+836
+00:49:08,010 --> 00:49:16,950
+his strength for professor Jung you it
+
+837
+00:49:14,069 --> 00:49:23,280
+was a creative period for du feu even
+
+838
+00:49:16,950 --> 00:49:27,000
+though his life was still hard party so
+
+839
+00:49:23,280 --> 00:49:28,890
+she taught in town for a Cerrito until
+
+840
+00:49:27,000 --> 00:49:32,220
+the dawn ha ha
+
+841
+00:49:28,890 --> 00:49:35,369
+inertia II Tiana wouldn't eat Heidegger
+
+842
+00:49:32,220 --> 00:49:38,790
+don't you Johnny Joe I showed on the
+
+843
+00:49:35,369 --> 00:49:43,530
+truck one engine the base engine others
+
+844
+00:49:38,790 --> 00:49:46,819
+today on the 2013 champion to conquer
+
+845
+00:49:43,530 --> 00:49:49,559
+the mno2 the Jeju tofu town told the
+
+846
+00:49:46,819 --> 00:49:52,079
+NATO Oh meow
+
+847
+00:49:49,559 --> 00:49:54,119
+chehon and oh darlin na hoku bein and go
+
+848
+00:49:52,079 --> 00:50:06,809
+down and got showdown I show how they
+
+849
+00:49:54,119 --> 00:50:08,819
+don't see you on his revived spirits
+
+850
+00:50:06,809 --> 00:50:11,280
+came in part from collaborating with
+
+851
+00:50:08,819 --> 00:50:14,010
+other artists together they set his
+
+852
+00:50:11,280 --> 00:50:16,020
+poems to music and professor Jung and
+
+853
+00:50:14,010 --> 00:50:18,809
+her students are trying to work out how
+
+854
+00:50:16,020 --> 00:50:21,680
+the poems might have sounded on tongue
+
+855
+00:50:18,809 --> 00:50:21,680
+instruments
+
+856
+00:50:23,150 --> 00:50:30,240
+[Music]
+
+857
+00:50:26,420 --> 00:50:33,030
+in this famous poem doufu describes
+
+858
+00:50:30,240 --> 00:50:36,390
+meeting an old musician once a star of
+
+859
+00:50:33,030 --> 00:50:46,920
+the imperial court but now like him a
+
+860
+00:50:36,390 --> 00:50:50,930
+refugee in the south Hoshi Hoshi me Paco
+
+861
+00:50:46,920 --> 00:50:54,030
+fauna commercial eat sushi or sherberts2
+
+862
+00:50:50,930 --> 00:50:57,180
+food the negation hodong jaha mentioned
+
+863
+00:50:54,030 --> 00:51:00,660
+800 million so the GHC eating tofu tango
+
+864
+00:50:57,180 --> 00:51:03,180
+Sigma usual Tama continent and ajusshi
+
+865
+00:51:00,660 --> 00:51:05,220
+tofu hedgehogs I see a young man Tony
+
+866
+00:51:03,180 --> 00:51:08,610
+Gwynn Ian linguini and Yoshi Nakata
+
+867
+00:51:05,220 --> 00:51:09,030
+treat Indian burger show hockey league
+
+868
+00:51:08,610 --> 00:51:12,090
+weenie-ish
+
+869
+00:51:09,030 --> 00:51:15,020
+the show was a pilot English and Chakri
+
+870
+00:51:12,090 --> 00:51:17,040
+child though he invaded shoot their life
+
+871
+00:51:15,020 --> 00:51:17,200
+turns out had a good
+
+872
+00:51:17,040 --> 00:51:32,420
+[Applause]
+
+873
+00:51:17,200 --> 00:51:36,270
+[Music]
+
+874
+00:51:32,420 --> 00:51:38,910
+so Changsha was a good time for him the
+
+875
+00:51:36,270 --> 00:51:42,570
+local governor admired his poems they
+
+876
+00:51:38,910 --> 00:51:44,670
+were creative people to work with their
+
+877
+00:51:42,570 --> 00:51:46,530
+time here in Changsha gave the family a
+
+878
+00:51:44,670 --> 00:51:50,730
+chance to get their feet on dry land
+
+879
+00:51:46,530 --> 00:51:53,010
+after all those months in the boat they
+
+880
+00:51:50,730 --> 00:51:54,870
+celebrated the Chinese New Year and on
+
+881
+00:51:53,010 --> 00:51:57,120
+the first of February they had the
+
+882
+00:51:54,870 --> 00:52:04,320
+birthday of their youngest son little
+
+883
+00:51:57,120 --> 00:52:06,830
+bear there's a sweet poem in which doufu
+
+884
+00:52:04,320 --> 00:52:09,690
+describes teaching the boy about poetic
+
+885
+00:52:06,830 --> 00:52:11,880
+composition and most of all they
+
+886
+00:52:09,690 --> 00:52:16,980
+celebrated the birth of another child a
+
+887
+00:52:11,880 --> 00:52:19,830
+baby daughter but then in early May the
+
+888
+00:52:16,980 --> 00:52:22,080
+governor for whom doufu had built up a
+
+889
+00:52:19,830 --> 00:52:24,840
+real affection was murdered by a rival
+
+890
+00:52:22,080 --> 00:52:26,960
+general and the city was plunged into
+
+891
+00:52:24,840 --> 00:52:26,960
+chaos
+
+892
+00:52:30,900 --> 00:52:36,360
+the family were left with no alternative
+
+893
+00:52:33,600 --> 00:52:38,520
+but to get back in the boat and travel
+
+894
+00:52:36,360 --> 00:52:42,730
+on upstream
+
+895
+00:52:38,520 --> 00:52:45,569
+as doufu wrote his line of life was
+
+896
+00:52:42,730 --> 00:52:45,569
+running to an end
+
+897
+00:52:47,390 --> 00:52:53,099
+he'd been driven from every place he'd
+
+898
+00:52:50,160 --> 00:52:56,160
+made his home and now with new tides of
+
+899
+00:52:53,099 --> 00:52:56,910
+violence sweeping the South he tried to
+
+900
+00:52:56,160 --> 00:53:01,339
+take his family
+
+901
+00:52:56,910 --> 00:53:01,339
+upriver where an uncle was an official
+
+902
+00:53:03,470 --> 00:53:09,809
+heavy rains forced him to turn back
+
+903
+00:53:06,589 --> 00:53:13,609
+longer suffer from asthma and diabetes
+
+904
+00:53:09,809 --> 00:53:13,609
+his health collapsed
+
+905
+00:53:15,080 --> 00:53:23,290
+his last poem is from the winter of 770
+
+906
+00:53:18,260 --> 00:53:23,290
+a thousand leagues from home as he said
+
+907
+00:53:23,740 --> 00:53:29,600
+written on a sick bed in the boat his
+
+908
+00:53:26,720 --> 00:53:35,330
+final words are a valedictory unlike
+
+909
+00:53:29,600 --> 00:53:39,170
+that of any other great artist on my
+
+910
+00:53:35,330 --> 00:53:44,930
+journey I'm sick and time closes in on
+
+911
+00:53:39,170 --> 00:53:47,900
+me this watery land engulfs the simple
+
+912
+00:53:44,930 --> 00:53:52,250
+cottages in a mist maple Shores layer
+
+913
+00:53:47,900 --> 00:53:55,750
+green summits excitement gone now
+
+914
+00:53:52,250 --> 00:53:55,750
+nothing troubles me
+
+915
+00:53:56,390 --> 00:54:02,190
+my ragged clothes have been patched
+
+916
+00:53:59,070 --> 00:54:04,910
+every inch I've got to know the customs
+
+917
+00:54:02,190 --> 00:54:08,730
+of all the nine regions of China and
+
+918
+00:54:04,910 --> 00:54:12,170
+still the blood of battle flows as it
+
+919
+00:54:08,730 --> 00:54:12,170
+has for so long
+
+920
+00:54:13,160 --> 00:54:27,449
+sounds of our mr. to this day I have
+
+921
+00:54:22,650 --> 00:54:50,999
+achieved nothing and my tears fall like
+
+922
+00:54:27,449 --> 00:54:54,660
+rain do food died in 770 in complete
+
+923
+00:54:50,999 --> 00:54:57,599
+obscurity not yet 60 but old before his
+
+924
+00:54:54,660 --> 00:55:01,349
+time his sons had hoped to take him back
+
+925
+00:54:57,599 --> 00:55:03,839
+to the clan cemetery near lo young but
+
+926
+00:55:01,349 --> 00:55:08,219
+with the war they couldn't so they
+
+927
+00:55:03,839 --> 00:55:10,969
+settled here to tend his grave but they
+
+928
+00:55:08,219 --> 00:55:14,009
+saved the scrolls of his poems and
+
+929
+00:55:10,969 --> 00:55:19,319
+within a decade of his death a selection
+
+930
+00:55:14,009 --> 00:55:23,159
+was published to great acclaim since the
+
+931
+00:55:19,319 --> 00:55:26,130
+dawn of poetry one critic wrote there is
+
+932
+00:55:23,159 --> 00:55:28,380
+no one like him and over the next two
+
+933
+00:55:26,130 --> 00:55:34,069
+centuries he would be acknowledged by
+
+934
+00:55:28,380 --> 00:55:34,069
+common consent as China's greatest poet
+
+935
+00:55:34,180 --> 00:55:40,119
+but in a way to call him that is to
+
+936
+00:55:37,599 --> 00:55:43,089
+underplay his importance in Chinese
+
+937
+00:55:40,119 --> 00:55:45,299
+culture because it limits his standing
+
+938
+00:55:43,089 --> 00:55:48,069
+simply to that of a poet
+
+939
+00:55:45,299 --> 00:55:52,329
+there's no comparable figure in Western
+
+940
+00:55:48,069 --> 00:55:55,630
+culture someone who by chance as it
+
+941
+00:55:52,329 --> 00:55:59,079
+turned out came to embody not only the
+
+942
+00:55:55,630 --> 00:56:02,279
+feelings but the moral sensibility of a
+
+943
+00:55:59,079 --> 00:56:02,279
+whole civilization
+
+944
+00:56:04,610 --> 00:56:07,709
+[Music]
+
+945
+00:56:08,240 --> 00:56:14,100
+here at his grave near ping Jung in
+
+946
+00:56:11,190 --> 00:56:15,930
+Hunan they hold a ceremony for him on
+
+947
+00:56:14,100 --> 00:56:19,140
+the traditional day when the Chinese
+
+948
+00:56:15,930 --> 00:56:35,430
+commemorate the ancestors tomb sweeping
+
+949
+00:56:19,140 --> 00:56:38,850
+day today every child in China learns to
+
+950
+00:56:35,430 --> 00:56:41,760
+Fu's words in school the meeting with
+
+951
+00:56:38,850 --> 00:56:45,470
+the old musician the spring scene in the
+
+952
+00:56:41,760 --> 00:56:48,690
+ruined Capitol the dancer lady gongsan
+
+953
+00:56:45,470 --> 00:56:52,200
+his wife standing alone in the moonlit
+
+954
+00:56:48,690 --> 00:56:53,130
+window they talked about his love for
+
+955
+00:56:52,200 --> 00:56:57,270
+the common people
+
+956
+00:56:53,130 --> 00:57:05,609
+and also of course his loyalty to the
+
+957
+00:56:57,270 --> 00:57:07,650
+state in his ambition to save the nation
+
+958
+00:57:05,609 --> 00:57:14,180
+through a career in government doufu was
+
+959
+00:57:07,650 --> 00:57:14,180
+a complete failure why do fools still
+
+960
+00:57:18,090 --> 00:57:23,940
+but through his poetry he did more than
+
+961
+00:57:21,480 --> 00:57:28,800
+any Emperor to help shape the nation's
+
+962
+00:57:23,940 --> 00:57:31,740
+values expressing what it means to be
+
+963
+00:57:28,800 --> 00:57:39,390
+Chinese in the greatest words in a
+
+964
+00:57:31,740 --> 00:57:41,220
+Chinese language great poets like do
+
+965
+00:57:39,390 --> 00:57:45,320
+food we should speak about the heart
+
+966
+00:57:41,220 --> 00:57:45,320
+still have something to teach us
+
+967
+00:57:50,450 --> 00:57:57,020
+poetry was my family's business the
+
+968
+00:57:54,740 --> 00:58:01,670
+early writers first made poetry take
+
+969
+00:57:57,020 --> 00:58:05,180
+wings and saw later ones have enriched
+
+970
+00:58:01,670 --> 00:58:11,570
+their works each generation produces its
+
+971
+00:58:05,180 --> 00:58:16,280
+own fruits writers stand in different
+
+972
+00:58:11,570 --> 00:58:19,970
+ranks a true fan surely is no random
+
+973
+00:58:16,280 --> 00:58:25,510
+favor great literature is for a thousand
+
+974
+00:58:19,970 --> 00:58:29,020
+ages whether it succeeds or not you know
+
+975
+00:58:25,510 --> 00:58:29,020
+in the heart
+
+976
+00:58:29,240 --> 00:58:51,869
+[Music]
+
+977
+00:58:48,710 --> 00:58:51,869
+[Applause]
+
+978
+00:58:52,720 --> 00:59:00,070
+[Music]
+