ibnummuhammad commited on
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Add adf_test()

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  1. granger_causality_testing.ipynb +2155 -72
granger_causality_testing.ipynb CHANGED
@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@
7
  "outputs": [],
8
  "source": [
9
  "import pandas as pd\n",
10
- "import plotly.express as px"
 
11
  ]
12
  },
13
  {
@@ -25,6 +26,17 @@
25
  "cell_type": "code",
26
  "execution_count": 3,
27
  "metadata": {},
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
28
  "outputs": [
29
  {
30
  "data": {
@@ -189,7 +201,7 @@
189
  "[518 rows x 7 columns]"
190
  ]
191
  },
192
- "execution_count": 3,
193
  "metadata": {},
194
  "output_type": "execute_result"
195
  }
@@ -200,17 +212,17 @@
200
  },
201
  {
202
  "cell_type": "code",
203
- "execution_count": 4,
204
  "metadata": {},
205
  "outputs": [],
206
  "source": [
207
- "df = pd.merge(df_apple[['Date', 'Price']], df_walmart[['Date', 'Price']], on='Date', how='right').rename(columns = {'Adj Close_x':'apple', 'Adj Close_y':'walmart'})\n",
208
- "df = df.merge(df_tesla[['Date', 'Price']], on='Date', how='right').rename(columns={'Adj Close':'tesla'})"
209
  ]
210
  },
211
  {
212
  "cell_type": "code",
213
- "execution_count": 5,
214
  "metadata": {},
215
  "outputs": [
216
  {
@@ -235,9 +247,9 @@
235
  " <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
236
  " <th></th>\n",
237
  " <th>Date</th>\n",
238
- " <th>Price_x</th>\n",
239
- " <th>Price_y</th>\n",
240
- " <th>Price</th>\n",
241
  " </tr>\n",
242
  " </thead>\n",
243
  " <tbody>\n",
@@ -324,23 +336,23 @@
324
  "</div>"
325
  ],
326
  "text/plain": [
327
- " Date Price_x Price_y Price\n",
328
- "0 02/01/2024 182.52 175.56 191.97\n",
329
- "1 01/01/2024 184.40 165.25 187.29\n",
330
- "2 12/01/2023 192.53 157.65 248.48\n",
331
- "3 11/01/2023 189.95 155.69 240.08\n",
332
- "4 10/01/2023 170.77 163.41 200.84\n",
333
- ".. ... ... ... ...\n",
334
- "159 11/01/2010 11.11 54.09 2.36\n",
335
- "160 10/01/2010 10.75 54.17 1.46\n",
336
- "161 09/01/2010 10.13 53.52 1.36\n",
337
- "162 08/01/2010 8.68 50.14 1.30\n",
338
- "163 07/01/2010 9.19 51.19 1.33\n",
339
  "\n",
340
  "[164 rows x 4 columns]"
341
  ]
342
  },
343
- "execution_count": 5,
344
  "metadata": {},
345
  "output_type": "execute_result"
346
  }
@@ -351,7 +363,7 @@
351
  },
352
  {
353
  "cell_type": "code",
354
- "execution_count": 6,
355
  "metadata": {},
356
  "outputs": [],
357
  "source": [
@@ -360,7 +372,7 @@
360
  },
361
  {
362
  "cell_type": "code",
363
- "execution_count": 7,
364
  "metadata": {},
365
  "outputs": [
366
  {
@@ -385,9 +397,9 @@
385
  " <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
386
  " <th></th>\n",
387
  " <th>Date</th>\n",
388
- " <th>Price_x</th>\n",
389
- " <th>Price_y</th>\n",
390
- " <th>Price</th>\n",
391
  " </tr>\n",
392
  " </thead>\n",
393
  " <tbody>\n",
@@ -474,23 +486,23 @@
474
  "</div>"
475
  ],
476
  "text/plain": [
477
- " Date Price_x Price_y Price\n",
478
- "0 2024-02-01 182.52 175.56 191.97\n",
479
- "1 2024-01-01 184.40 165.25 187.29\n",
480
- "2 2023-12-01 192.53 157.65 248.48\n",
481
- "3 2023-11-01 189.95 155.69 240.08\n",
482
- "4 2023-10-01 170.77 163.41 200.84\n",
483
- ".. ... ... ... ...\n",
484
- "159 2010-11-01 11.11 54.09 2.36\n",
485
- "160 2010-10-01 10.75 54.17 1.46\n",
486
- "161 2010-09-01 10.13 53.52 1.36\n",
487
- "162 2010-08-01 8.68 50.14 1.30\n",
488
- "163 2010-07-01 9.19 51.19 1.33\n",
489
  "\n",
490
  "[164 rows x 4 columns]"
491
  ]
492
  },
493
- "execution_count": 7,
494
  "metadata": {},
495
  "output_type": "execute_result"
496
  }
@@ -501,7 +513,7 @@
501
  },
502
  {
503
  "cell_type": "code",
504
- "execution_count": 8,
505
  "metadata": {},
506
  "outputs": [],
507
  "source": [
@@ -510,7 +522,7 @@
510
  },
511
  {
512
  "cell_type": "code",
513
- "execution_count": 9,
514
  "metadata": {},
515
  "outputs": [
516
  {
@@ -534,9 +546,9 @@
534
  " <thead>\n",
535
  " <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
536
  " <th>company</th>\n",
537
- " <th>Price_x</th>\n",
538
- " <th>Price_y</th>\n",
539
- " <th>Price</th>\n",
540
  " </tr>\n",
541
  " <tr>\n",
542
  " <th>Date</th>\n",
@@ -618,24 +630,24 @@
618
  "</div>"
619
  ],
620
  "text/plain": [
621
- "company Price_x Price_y Price\n",
622
- "Date \n",
623
- "2024-02-01 182.52 175.56 191.97\n",
624
- "2024-01-01 184.40 165.25 187.29\n",
625
- "2023-12-01 192.53 157.65 248.48\n",
626
- "2023-11-01 189.95 155.69 240.08\n",
627
- "2023-10-01 170.77 163.41 200.84\n",
628
- "... ... ... ...\n",
629
- "2010-11-01 11.11 54.09 2.36\n",
630
- "2010-10-01 10.75 54.17 1.46\n",
631
- "2010-09-01 10.13 53.52 1.36\n",
632
- "2010-08-01 8.68 50.14 1.30\n",
633
- "2010-07-01 9.19 51.19 1.33\n",
634
  "\n",
635
  "[164 rows x 3 columns]"
636
  ]
637
  },
638
- "execution_count": 9,
639
  "metadata": {},
640
  "output_type": "execute_result"
641
  }
@@ -646,7 +658,7 @@
646
  },
647
  {
648
  "cell_type": "code",
649
- "execution_count": 10,
650
  "metadata": {},
651
  "outputs": [
652
  {
@@ -657,8 +669,8 @@
657
  },
658
  "data": [
659
  {
660
- "hovertemplate": "company=Price_x<br>Date=%{x}<br>value=%{y}<extra></extra>",
661
- "legendgroup": "Price_x",
662
  "line": {
663
  "color": "#636efa",
664
  "dash": "solid"
@@ -667,7 +679,7 @@
667
  "symbol": "circle"
668
  },
669
  "mode": "lines",
670
- "name": "Price_x",
671
  "orientation": "v",
672
  "showlegend": true,
673
  "type": "scatter",
@@ -1007,8 +1019,8 @@
1007
  "yaxis": "y3"
1008
  },
1009
  {
1010
- "hovertemplate": "company=Price_y<br>Date=%{x}<br>value=%{y}<extra></extra>",
1011
- "legendgroup": "Price_y",
1012
  "line": {
1013
  "color": "#EF553B",
1014
  "dash": "solid"
@@ -1017,7 +1029,7 @@
1017
  "symbol": "circle"
1018
  },
1019
  "mode": "lines",
1020
- "name": "Price_y",
1021
  "orientation": "v",
1022
  "showlegend": true,
1023
  "type": "scatter",
@@ -1357,8 +1369,8 @@
1357
  "yaxis": "y2"
1358
  },
1359
  {
1360
- "hovertemplate": "company=Price<br>Date=%{x}<br>value=%{y}<extra></extra>",
1361
- "legendgroup": "Price",
1362
  "line": {
1363
  "color": "#00cc96",
1364
  "dash": "solid"
@@ -1367,7 +1379,7 @@
1367
  "symbol": "circle"
1368
  },
1369
  "mode": "lines",
1370
- "name": "Price",
1371
  "orientation": "v",
1372
  "showlegend": true,
1373
  "type": "scatter",
@@ -1712,7 +1724,7 @@
1712
  {
1713
  "font": {},
1714
  "showarrow": false,
1715
- "text": "company=Price",
1716
  "x": 0.5,
1717
  "xanchor": "center",
1718
  "xref": "paper",
@@ -1723,7 +1735,7 @@
1723
  {
1724
  "font": {},
1725
  "showarrow": false,
1726
- "text": "company=Price_y",
1727
  "x": 0.5,
1728
  "xanchor": "center",
1729
  "xref": "paper",
@@ -1734,7 +1746,7 @@
1734
  {
1735
  "font": {},
1736
  "showarrow": false,
1737
- "text": "company=Price_x",
1738
  "x": 0.5,
1739
  "xanchor": "center",
1740
  "xref": "paper",
@@ -2639,6 +2651,2077 @@
2639
  "fig.show()"
2640
  ]
2641
  },
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2642
  {
2643
  "cell_type": "code",
2644
  "execution_count": null,
 
7
  "outputs": [],
8
  "source": [
9
  "import pandas as pd\n",
10
+ "import plotly.express as px\n",
11
+ "from statsmodels.tsa.stattools import adfuller"
12
  ]
13
  },
14
  {
 
26
  "cell_type": "code",
27
  "execution_count": 3,
28
  "metadata": {},
29
+ "outputs": [],
30
+ "source": [
31
+ "# df_apple.rename(columns = {'Price':'apple'}, inplace = True)\n",
32
+ "# df_walmart.rename(columns = {'Price':'walmart'}, inplace = True)\n",
33
+ "# df_tesla.rename(columns = {'Price':'tesla'}, inplace = True)"
34
+ ]
35
+ },
36
+ {
37
+ "cell_type": "code",
38
+ "execution_count": 4,
39
+ "metadata": {},
40
  "outputs": [
41
  {
42
  "data": {
 
201
  "[518 rows x 7 columns]"
202
  ]
203
  },
204
+ "execution_count": 4,
205
  "metadata": {},
206
  "output_type": "execute_result"
207
  }
 
212
  },
213
  {
214
  "cell_type": "code",
215
+ "execution_count": 5,
216
  "metadata": {},
217
  "outputs": [],
218
  "source": [
219
+ "df = pd.merge(df_apple[['Date', 'Price']], df_walmart[['Date', 'Price']], on='Date', how='right').rename(columns = {'Price_x':'apple', 'Price_y':'walmart'})\n",
220
+ "df = df.merge(df_tesla[['Date', 'Price']], on='Date', how='right').rename(columns={'Price':'tesla'})"
221
  ]
222
  },
223
  {
224
  "cell_type": "code",
225
+ "execution_count": 6,
226
  "metadata": {},
227
  "outputs": [
228
  {
 
247
  " <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
248
  " <th></th>\n",
249
  " <th>Date</th>\n",
250
+ " <th>apple</th>\n",
251
+ " <th>walmart</th>\n",
252
+ " <th>tesla</th>\n",
253
  " </tr>\n",
254
  " </thead>\n",
255
  " <tbody>\n",
 
336
  "</div>"
337
  ],
338
  "text/plain": [
339
+ " Date apple walmart tesla\n",
340
+ "0 02/01/2024 182.52 175.56 191.97\n",
341
+ "1 01/01/2024 184.40 165.25 187.29\n",
342
+ "2 12/01/2023 192.53 157.65 248.48\n",
343
+ "3 11/01/2023 189.95 155.69 240.08\n",
344
+ "4 10/01/2023 170.77 163.41 200.84\n",
345
+ ".. ... ... ... ...\n",
346
+ "159 11/01/2010 11.11 54.09 2.36\n",
347
+ "160 10/01/2010 10.75 54.17 1.46\n",
348
+ "161 09/01/2010 10.13 53.52 1.36\n",
349
+ "162 08/01/2010 8.68 50.14 1.30\n",
350
+ "163 07/01/2010 9.19 51.19 1.33\n",
351
  "\n",
352
  "[164 rows x 4 columns]"
353
  ]
354
  },
355
+ "execution_count": 6,
356
  "metadata": {},
357
  "output_type": "execute_result"
358
  }
 
363
  },
364
  {
365
  "cell_type": "code",
366
+ "execution_count": 7,
367
  "metadata": {},
368
  "outputs": [],
369
  "source": [
 
372
  },
373
  {
374
  "cell_type": "code",
375
+ "execution_count": 8,
376
  "metadata": {},
377
  "outputs": [
378
  {
 
397
  " <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
398
  " <th></th>\n",
399
  " <th>Date</th>\n",
400
+ " <th>apple</th>\n",
401
+ " <th>walmart</th>\n",
402
+ " <th>tesla</th>\n",
403
  " </tr>\n",
404
  " </thead>\n",
405
  " <tbody>\n",
 
486
  "</div>"
487
  ],
488
  "text/plain": [
489
+ " Date apple walmart tesla\n",
490
+ "0 2024-02-01 182.52 175.56 191.97\n",
491
+ "1 2024-01-01 184.40 165.25 187.29\n",
492
+ "2 2023-12-01 192.53 157.65 248.48\n",
493
+ "3 2023-11-01 189.95 155.69 240.08\n",
494
+ "4 2023-10-01 170.77 163.41 200.84\n",
495
+ ".. ... ... ... ...\n",
496
+ "159 2010-11-01 11.11 54.09 2.36\n",
497
+ "160 2010-10-01 10.75 54.17 1.46\n",
498
+ "161 2010-09-01 10.13 53.52 1.36\n",
499
+ "162 2010-08-01 8.68 50.14 1.30\n",
500
+ "163 2010-07-01 9.19 51.19 1.33\n",
501
  "\n",
502
  "[164 rows x 4 columns]"
503
  ]
504
  },
505
+ "execution_count": 8,
506
  "metadata": {},
507
  "output_type": "execute_result"
508
  }
 
513
  },
514
  {
515
  "cell_type": "code",
516
+ "execution_count": 9,
517
  "metadata": {},
518
  "outputs": [],
519
  "source": [
 
522
  },
523
  {
524
  "cell_type": "code",
525
+ "execution_count": 10,
526
  "metadata": {},
527
  "outputs": [
528
  {
 
546
  " <thead>\n",
547
  " <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
548
  " <th>company</th>\n",
549
+ " <th>apple</th>\n",
550
+ " <th>walmart</th>\n",
551
+ " <th>tesla</th>\n",
552
  " </tr>\n",
553
  " <tr>\n",
554
  " <th>Date</th>\n",
 
630
  "</div>"
631
  ],
632
  "text/plain": [
633
+ "company apple walmart tesla\n",
634
+ "Date \n",
635
+ "2024-02-01 182.52 175.56 191.97\n",
636
+ "2024-01-01 184.40 165.25 187.29\n",
637
+ "2023-12-01 192.53 157.65 248.48\n",
638
+ "2023-11-01 189.95 155.69 240.08\n",
639
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+ "domain": [
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+ "domain": [
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+ ],
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+ "title": {
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+ "text": "value"
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+ }
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+ },
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+ "yaxis2": {
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+ "anchor": "x2",
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+ "domain": [
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+ "metadata": {},
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+ }
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+ ],
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+ "source": [
4653
+ "fig = px.area(df, facet_col='company', facet_col_wrap=1)\n",
4654
+ "fig.update_yaxes(matches=None)\n",
4655
+ "fig.show()"
4656
+ ]
4657
+ },
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+ {
4659
+ "cell_type": "code",
4660
+ "execution_count": 13,
4661
+ "metadata": {},
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+ "outputs": [],
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+ "source": [
4664
+ "n_obs = 20\n",
4665
+ "df_train, df_test = df[0:-n_obs], df[-n_obs:]"
4666
+ ]
4667
+ },
4668
+ {
4669
+ "cell_type": "code",
4670
+ "execution_count": 14,
4671
+ "metadata": {},
4672
+ "outputs": [],
4673
+ "source": [
4674
+ "def adf_test(df):\n",
4675
+ " result = adfuller(df.values)\n",
4676
+ " print('ADF Statistics: %f' % result[0])\n",
4677
+ " print('p-value: %f' % result[1])\n",
4678
+ " print('Critical values:')\n",
4679
+ " for key, value in result[4].items():\n",
4680
+ " print('\\t%s: %.3f' % (key, value))"
4681
+ ]
4682
+ },
4683
+ {
4684
+ "cell_type": "code",
4685
+ "execution_count": 15,
4686
+ "metadata": {},
4687
+ "outputs": [
4688
+ {
4689
+ "name": "stdout",
4690
+ "output_type": "stream",
4691
+ "text": [
4692
+ "ADF Test: Apple time series\n",
4693
+ "ADF Statistics: -2.793474\n",
4694
+ "p-value: 0.059212\n",
4695
+ "Critical values:\n",
4696
+ "\t1%: -3.480\n",
4697
+ "\t5%: -2.883\n",
4698
+ "\t10%: -2.578\n",
4699
+ "ADF Test: Walmart time series\n",
4700
+ "ADF Statistics: -1.407972\n",
4701
+ "p-value: 0.578448\n",
4702
+ "Critical values:\n",
4703
+ "\t1%: -3.478\n",
4704
+ "\t5%: -2.882\n",
4705
+ "\t10%: -2.578\n",
4706
+ "ADF Test: Tesla time series\n",
4707
+ "ADF Statistics: -1.195298\n",
4708
+ "p-value: 0.675615\n",
4709
+ "Critical values:\n",
4710
+ "\t1%: -3.482\n",
4711
+ "\t5%: -2.884\n",
4712
+ "\t10%: -2.579\n"
4713
+ ]
4714
+ }
4715
+ ],
4716
+ "source": [
4717
+ "print('ADF Test: Apple time series')\n",
4718
+ "adf_test(df_train['apple'])\n",
4719
+ "print('ADF Test: Walmart time series')\n",
4720
+ "adf_test(df_train['walmart'])\n",
4721
+ "print('ADF Test: Tesla time series')\n",
4722
+ "adf_test(df_train['tesla'])"
4723
+ ]
4724
+ },
4725
  {
4726
  "cell_type": "code",
4727
  "execution_count": null,