Who was the AFC champion for the 2015 season?
Who won the NFC title in the 2015 Super Bowl?
Where was Levi's Stadium located?
Who was the AFC champion for the 2015 season?
What was the color of the 50th Super Bowl?
What was the theme of the 50th Super Bowl?
When was Super Bowl 50 played?
What does the AFC stand for?
What was the theme of the 50th Super Bowl?
What does the AFC stand for?
When was Super Bowl 50 played?
Who was the AFC champion for the 2015 season?
Where was the game played?
Where was the Levi's Stadium located?
What would the game have been called if it was naming it with Roman numerals?
In what year was the Super Bowl 50 played?
In what year was the Super Bowl 50 played?
Where was the Levi's Stadium located?
Where was the game played?
How much did the Broncos beat the Carolina Panthers in the 2015 Super Bowl?
When was Super Bowl 50 played?
In what year was the Super Bowl 50 played?
Who was the AFC champion for the 2015 season?
Who won the NFC title in the 2015 Super Bowl?
Who was the AFC champion for the 2015 season?
In what year was the Super Bowl 50 played?
Who was the AFC champion for the 2015 season?
Where was the game played?
What is the name of the American football game that determines the champion of the National Football League for the 2015 season?
Who was the AFC champion for the 2015 season?
Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player?
How many times has the New England Patriots played in the AFC Championship Game?
When was the Panthers first Super Bowl appearance?
What team did the Panthers defeat in the NFC Championship Game?
Who did the Broncos deny a chance to defend their title from Super Bowl XLIX?
What team did the Panthers defeat in the NFC Championship Game?
Who did the Broncos deny a chance to defend their title from Super Bowl XLIX?
Who did the Broncos deny a chance to defend their title from Super Bowl XLIX?
How many teams have made eight appearances in the Super Bowl?
Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player?
What was the record of the Panthers in the regular season?
Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player?
What was the record of the Broncos in the regular season?
How many times did the Panthers defeat the Arizona Cardinals in the NFC Championship Game?
Who did the Broncos deny a chance to defend their title from Super Bowl XLIX?
Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player?
What team did the Panthers defeat in the NFC Championship Game?
How many wins did the Broncos have in the regular season?
Who did the Broncos deny a chance to defend their title from Super Bowl XLIX?
Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player?
Who did the Broncos deny a chance to defend their title from Super Bowl XLIX?
What team did the Panthers defeat in the NFC Championship Game?
Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player?
What team did the Panthers defeat in the NFC Championship Game?
When was the Panthers first Super Bowl appearance?
Who was the Denver linebacker that was named Super Bowl MVP?
How many 12 sacks did Von Miller record?
Who took an early lead in Super Bowl 50?
Who was named Super Bowl MVP?
How many solo tackles did Von Miller record?
How did the Broncos handle Newton in the Super Bowl?
How many times was Newton sacked by Denver's defense?
Who was the Denver linebacker that was named Super Bowl MVP?
How many turnovers did Denver force Newton into?
How many forced fumbles did Von Miller record?
Who was the Denver linebacker that was named Super Bowl MVP?
What was Von Miller's job?
How many times did the Broncos take an early lead in the Super Bowl?
How many 12 sacks did Von Miller record?
Who was the Denver linebacker that was named Super Bowl MVP?
How many times did the Broncos take an early lead in the Super Bowl?
How many times was Newton sacked by Denver's defense?
How many turnovers did Denver force Newton into?
What did the Broncos recover for a touchdown?
Who was the Denver linebacker that was named Super Bowl MVP?
What was Von Miller's job?
How many times was Newton sacked by Denver's defense?
How many turnovers did Denver force Newton into?
Who was the Denver linebacker that was named Super Bowl MVP?
How many solo tackles did Von Miller record?
Who broadcast the Super Bowl 50 halftime show in the U.S.?
How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the game?
What British rock group headlined the halftime show of the Super Bowl?
Who were the special guests of the Super Bowl 50 halftime show?
What halftime show did Bruno Mars headline?
Who broadcast the Super Bowl 50 halftime show in the U.S.?
How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the game?
Who was a special guest on the halftime show of Coldplay?
Along with Beyoncé, who headlined the halftime show of the Super Bowl?
What British rock group headlined the halftime show of the Super Bowl?
Who broadcast the Super Bowl 50 halftime show in the U.S.?
How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the game?
Along with Beyoncé, who headlined the halftime show of the Super Bowl?
Where did the number of viewers in the U.S. watching the Super Bowl 50 halftime show rank?
Who broadcast the Super Bowl 50 halftime show in the U.S.?
How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the game?
What British rock group headlined the halftime show of the Super Bowl?
Who were the special guests of the Super Bowl 50 halftime show?
Who broadcast the Super Bowl 50 halftime show in the U.S.?
What British rock group headlined the halftime show of the Super Bowl?
Who were the special guests of the Super Bowl 50 halftime show?
What halftime show did Bruno Mars headline?
How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the game?
What British rock group headlined the halftime show of the Super Bowl?
Who were the special guests of the Super Bowl 50 halftime show?
Along with Beyoncé, who headlined the halftime show of the Super Bowl?
Who was the NFL Commissioner in 2012?
What did Roger Goodell say the NFL planned to makespectacular in 2012?
In what year did Roger Goodell say the 50th Super Bowl would be "spectacular"?
Who was the NFL Commissioner in 2012?
When did Roger Goodell say the 50th Super Bowl would be "spectacular"?
Who was the NFL Commissioner in 2012?
Who was the NFL Commissioner in 2012?
Who was the NFL Commissioner in 2012?
How did Roger Goodell describe the 50th Super Bowl?
How did Roger Goodell describe the 50th Super Bowl?
In what year did Roger Goodell say the 50th Super Bowl would be "spectacular"?
What is the name of the stadium that the AFL narrowed its bids to?
What was the name of the stadium the Cubs wanted to build in Miami?
What is the name of the stadium the Cubs wanted to build in San Francisco?
What is the name of Miami's stadium?
What is the name of the San Francisco Bay Area stadium?
What is the name of the San Francisco Bay Area stadium?
What is the name of the stadium in New Orleans?
What is the name of Miami's stadium?
What three sites did the AFL narrow their bids to?
How many sites did the AFL narrow their bids to?
Where was the Mercedes-Benz Superdome located?
What is the name of Miami's stadium?
Where is Levi's Stadium located?
What is the name of the San Francisco Bay Area stadium?
What is the name of Miami's stadium?
What is the name of the stadium in New Orleans?
What is the name of the San Francisco Bay Area stadium?
When did the league announce that the two finalists were Sun Life Stadium and Levi's Stadium?
How many times has Miami hosted the Super Bowl?
What was the most recent Super Bowl hosted in 2010?
When was Super Bowl XLIV held in Miami?
In what year did the San Francisco Bay Area last host a Super Bowl?
Along with Levi's Stadium, what stadium was a finalists for the 2012 Super Bowl?
When did the league announce that the two finalists were Sun Life Stadium and Levi's Stadium?
Where was Super Bowl XIX held?
When did the Florida legislature refuse to approve the funding plan to pay for the stadium's renovations?
When was Super Bowl XLIV held in Miami?
How many finalists were announced for the 2012 Super Bowl?
What was the most recent Super Bowl hosted in 2010?
How many finalists were announced for the 2012 Super Bowl?
Who refused to approve the funding plan for the renovation of Levi's Stadium?
In what year did the San Francisco Bay Area last host a Super Bowl?
What city has hosted the Super Bowl most times?
When did the league announce that the two finalists were Sun Life Stadium and Levi's Stadium?
How many times has Miami hosted the Super Bowl?
What city has hosted the Super Bowl most times?
In what year did the San Francisco Bay Area last host a Super Bowl?
Who refused to approve the funding plan for the renovation of Levi's Stadium?
When did the NFL vote to award the game to Levi's Stadium?
Who voted to award the game to Levi's Stadium?
When did Levi's Stadium open?
How much does Levi's Stadium cost?
Where did Super Bowl XXXVII take place in 2003?
Where was Levi's Stadium located?
When did the NFL vote to award the game to Levi's Stadium?
How much does Levi's Stadium cost?
What Super Bowl took place in San Diego in 2003?
Where did Super Bowl XXXVII take place in 2003?
In what year did the NFL award the game to Levi's Stadium?
When did Levi's Stadium open?
How much does Levi's Stadium cost?
When was Super Bowl XIX held in San Francisco?
What Super Bowl took place in San Diego in 2003?
When did the NFL vote to award the game to Levi's Stadium?
When did Levi's Stadium open?
When did Super Bowl XXXVII take place in San Diego?
Where was Levi's Stadium located?
When did the NFL vote to award the game to Levi's Stadium?
When did Levi's Stadium open?
How much does Levi's Stadium cost?
What year did Super Bowl XXXVII take place in San Diego?
Who coached the Carolina Panthers in their last Super Bowl appearance prior to Super Bowl 50?
How many teams have completed a regular season with only one loss?
How many teams have had a 15-1 record in the Super Bowl?
Who was one of ten teams to have completed a regular season with only one loss?
Which Super Bowl did the Broncos reach?
Who coached the Carolina Panthers in their last Super Bowl appearance prior to Super Bowl 50?
How many appearances have the Denver Broncos made in the Super Bowl?
How many teams have completed a regular season with only one loss?
What was the other Super Bowl appearance the Panthers made?
How many teams have had a 15-1 record in the Super Bowl?
What rank did the seeds from both conferences have in the Super Bowl?
What rank did the seeds from both conferences have in the Super Bowl?
Which Super Bowl did the Broncos reach?
What was the other Super Bowl appearance the Panthers made?
How many teams have had a 15-1 record in the Super Bowl?
How many seeds from both conferences met in the Super Bowl for the third straight season?
How many teams have made eight appearances in the Super Bowl?
Who coached the Carolina Panthers in their last Super Bowl appearance prior to Super Bowl 50?
Who is the longest running back in the NFL?
Who was lost to a torn ACL in the preseason?
How many regular season games did the Panthers win?
When did the league expand to a 16-game schedule?
Who had the best regular season in franchise history?
How many players were selected to the Pro Bowl?
How many All-Pro selections did the Carolina Panthers have?
Who was lost to a torn ACL in the preseason?
When did the league expand to a 16-game schedule?
In what year did the New Orleans Saints and the 2011 Green Bay Packers meet the best start to a season by an NFC team in NFL history?
What year did the Green Bay Packers break the record for the best start to a season by an NFC team in NFL history?
What was the cause of Kelvin Benjamin's loss in the preseason?
Who was lost to a torn ACL in the preseason?
Who is the longest running back in the NFL?
When did the league expand to a 16-game schedule?
How many players were selected to the Pro Bowl?
Who had the best regular season in franchise history?
When did the league expand to a 16-game schedule?
Who had the best regular season in franchise history?
How many players were selected to the Pro Bowl?
How many Pro Bowl selections did the Carolina Panthers have?
How many total touchdowns did the Panthers record?
How many interceptions did the Panthers have?
How many punts did Ginn return?
Who caught a career-high 77 passes for 1,104 yards and seven touchdowns?
How many total touchdowns did the Panthers record?
What was the career-best quarterback rating for the Carolina Panthers?
How many passes did Olsen catch?
What was tight end Greg Olsen?
Who was the Pro Bowl running back for the Carolina Panthers?
How many Pro Bowl selections did the Carolina Panthers have?
Who was a Pro Bowl quarterback?
How many yards did Cam Newton throw?
How many total touchdowns did the Panthers record?
How many Pro Bowl selections did the Carolina Panthers have?
How many points did the Carolina Panthers offense score?
How many yards did Cam Newton throw?
How many total touchdowns did the Panthers record?
What was Newton's career-best quarterback rating?
How many yards did Ted Ginn, Jr. catch?
How many points did the Carolina Panthers defense give up?
How many career sacks did Allen have?
How many tackles did Kuechly have?
How many Pro Bowl selections did the Carolina Panthers have?
Who led the Panthers in sacks?
How many interceptions did the Panthers have?
Who led the Panthers in sacks?
How many Pro Bowl selections did the Carolina Panthers have?
How many Pro Bowl selections did the Carolina Panthers have?
What Pro Bowl safety led the Panthers in interceptions?
How many interceptions did the Panthers have?
Who had 5 sacks in 9 starts?
Who was one of the three starting linebackers selected to play in the Pro Bowl?
How many fumbles did Short recover?
Who was the new head coach of the Denver Broncos?
Who took over as the starter for most of the remainder of the regular season?
What team was Peyton Manning a rookie with in 1998?
Who did the Broncos lose to in Week 17 of the AFC playoffs?
Who was the defensive coordinator of the Denver Broncos?
How many divisional championships did John Fox win as Broncos head coach?
Who was the new head coach of the Denver Broncos?
What team was Peyton Manning a rookie with in 1998?
How old was Peyton Manning in the 2015 off-season?
What injury caused Peyton Manning to have his worst statistical season since his rookie year with the Indianapolis Colts?
Who was the new head coach of the Denver Broncos?
Who was the new head coach of the Denver Broncos?
What was the cause of Peyton Manning's worst statistical season since his rookie year with the Indianapolis Colts?
How old was Peyton Manning in the 2015 off-season?
How many divisional championships did John Fox win as Broncos head coach?
Who was the Broncos head coach before they parted ways?
Who was the new head coach of the Denver Broncos?
Who was the new head coach of the Denver Broncos?
What part of his foot did Manning suffer a partial tear in?
Who was the defensive coordinator of the Denver Broncos?
What was Manning's career low passer rating?
How many interceptions did Manning throw?
Who was the team's veteran receiver?
Who was the team's leading rusher?
How many touchdowns did Osweiler throw?
What was Manning's career low passer rating?
How many yards did Manning throw?
How many touchdowns did Manning throw?
Who was the team's veteran receiver?
What position did Demaryius Thomas hold?
What was Manning's career low passer rating?
How many interceptions did Manning throw?
Who was the team's veteran receiver?
How many receptions did Demaryius Thomas have?
What was Manning's career low passer rating?
How many interceptions did Manning throw?
Who caught 76 passes for 1,135 yards and six scores?
Who was the team's leading rusher?
What was the average yards per carry for Ronnie Hillman?
How many yards did the Broncos allow?
How many sacks did Derek Wolfe and Malik Jackson each have?
Who led the Broncos in total tackles?
How many interceptions did Von Miller recover?
What was DeMarcus Ware's career?
What was DeMarcus Ware's career?
Who had the most sacks on the Broncos?
How many points did the Broncos have?
Who led the Broncos with 11 sacks?
Who led the Broncos in total tackles?
How many interceptions did Von Miller recover?
Who led the Broncos with 11 sacks?
Who led the Broncos in total tackles?
Who were the Broncos' defensive ends?
Who did the Panthers beat in the divisional round?
Who did the Panthers beat in the NFC Championship Game?
How many yards did the Panthers score in the NFC Championship Game?
How many turnovers did the Panthers force in the NFC Championship Game?
What was the score of the Panthers' second half comeback attempt?
Who did the Panthers beat in the divisional round?
What was the score of the Panthers' second half comeback attempt?
How many yards did the Panthers score in the NFC Championship Game?
Who did the Panthers beat in the divisional round?
Who did the Panthers beat in the NFC Championship Game?
How many turnovers did the Panthers force in the NFC Championship Game?
Who did the Panthers beat in the divisional round?
How much did the Panthers beat the Arizona Cardinals in the NFC Championship Game?
Who did the Panthers beat in the NFC Championship Game?
How many yards did the Panthers score in the NFC Championship Game?
Who did the Broncos defeat in the divisional round?
How many points did the Broncos score in the final three minutes of the game?
Who did the Broncos beat in the AFC Championship Game?
How much did the Broncos win in the AFC Championship Game?
How long did it take for the Broncos to intercept a pass?
What team defeated the Pittsburgh Steelers in the divisional round?
How much did the Broncos beat the Pittsburgh Steelers in the divisional round?
Who did the Broncos beat in the AFC Championship Game?
How many seconds did it take for the Broncos to intercept a pass?
Who had problems with interceptions during the season?
Who did the Broncos defeat in the divisional round?
How many points did the Broncos score in the final three minutes of the game?
Who did the Broncos beat in the AFC Championship Game?
Who did the Broncos defeat in the divisional round?
Who did the Broncos beat in the AFC Championship Game?
How many seconds did it take for the Broncos to intercept a pass?
Who broke his arm in the NFC Championship Game?
What did Thomas Davis suffer in the NFC Championship Game?
How many ACL tears did Thomas Davis have?
How old was Thomas Davis when he broke his arm in the NFC Championship Game?
What injuries did Thomas Davis have in his career?
What did Thomas Davis break in the NFC Championship Game?
How old was Thomas Davis when he broke his arm in the NFC Championship Game?
What game did Thomas Davis say he would play?
How many ACL tears did Thomas Davis have?
What did Thomas Davis suffer in the NFC Championship Game?
How old was Thomas Davis when he broke his arm in the NFC Championship Game?
Who broke his arm in the NFC Championship Game?
How old is Peyton Manning?
Who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38?
How old was John Elway when he led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII?
What is John Elway's job title in Denver?
What team did John Elway lead to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII?
What team did John Elway lead to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII?
Who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38?
How old was John Elway when he led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII?
Who was the first quarterback to lead two different teams to multiple Super Bowls?
How many different teams has Peyton Manning led to multiple Super Bowls?
How many different teams has Peyton Manning led to multiple Super Bowls?
Who was the first quarterback to lead two different teams to multiple Super Bowls?
Who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38?
What Super Bowl did the Broncos win at age 38?
Who was the first quarterback to lead two different teams to multiple Super Bowls?
How old is Peyton Manning?
Who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38?
In what year was Manning the #1 pick in the NFL draft?
In what year was Newton the #1 pick in the NFL draft?
How old was Newton when he was drafted in 2011?
What was the longest age difference between opposing Super Bowl quarterbacks?
Who was the top pick in the 2011 NFL draft?
Who was the #1 pick in the 1998 NFL draft?
Who was the #1 pick in the 2011 NFL draft?
How old was Newton when he was drafted in 2011?
Who was the #1 pick in the draft classes?
In what year was Manning the #1 pick in the NFL draft?
In what year was Newton the #1 pick in the NFL draft?
Who was the top pick in the 2011 NFL draft?
In what year was Newton the #1 pick in the NFL draft?
How old was Newton when he was drafted in 2011?
What was the longest age difference between opposing Super Bowl quarterbacks?
In what Super Bowl did Rivera play as a linebacker for the Chicago Bears?
What team did Rivera play for in Super Bowl XX?
What position did Rivera play for the Chicago Bears in Super Bowl XX?
Who did Kubiak replace?
Which team lost Super Bowls XXI and XXIV?
What position did Rivera play for the Chicago Bears in Super Bowl XX?
Who did Kubiak replace?
Who was a linebacker for the Chicago Bears in Super Bowl XX?
In what Super Bowl did Rivera play as a linebacker for the Chicago Bears?
Who was the Baltimore Ravens kicker when a portion of the field collapsed?
What type of turf was used in the re-sodding of Levi's Stadium?
Who was the field director of the Atlanta Braves in 2015?
What team's kicker collapsed on Levi's Stadium's turf in 2015?
Who was Justin Tucker?
Who was the Baltimore Ravens kicker when a portion of the field collapsed?
Who was Justin Tucker?
What was the new playing surface the NFL re-sodded?
Who was the Baltimore Ravens kicker when a portion of the field collapsed?
What did the NFL re-sodded the field with?
What was the new playing surface used for the Levi's Stadium game?
What did players need to change during the game?
Who was the Baltimore Ravens kicker when a portion of the field collapsed?
What type of stadium is Levi's Stadium?
What team wore white as their designated home team?
How much did the Broncos beat the Atlanta Falcons in Super Bowl XXXIII?
Who did the Broncos defeat in Super Bowl XXXIII?
What color were the Broncos' jerseys?
When did the Broncos last wear matching white jerseys and pants?
When did the Broncos last wear matching white jerseys and pants?
How much did the Broncos beat the Atlanta Falcons in Super Bowl XXXIII?
Who did the Broncos defeat in Super Bowl XXXIII?
What color were the Broncos' jerseys?
What did the Broncos wear to the Super Bowl?
Who was the only AFC champion team to wear white as the designated home team in the Super Bowl?
When did the Broncos last wear matching white jerseys and pants?
What was the primary color of Denver's jerseys in Super Bowl XXXII?
What color are the Broncos' jerseys?
What did the Panthers wear as their standard home uniform?
Where did the Panthers practice?
Where did the Broncos practice?
Where did the Panthers practice?
Where did the Broncos stay after practicing at Stanford?
Where did the Panthers stay when they practiced at San Jose State?
Where did the Broncos stay after practicing at Stanford?
Where did the Panthers practice?
Where did the Broncos practice?
Where did the Panthers practice?
Where did the Panthers stay when they practiced at San Jose State?
Where did the Broncos practice?
Where did the Broncos stay after practicing at Stanford?
Where did the Panthers practice?
Where did the Panthers stay when they practiced at San Jose State?
Where did the Broncos practice?
Where did the Broncos stay after practicing at Stanford?
When did the NFL suspend the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals?
When was the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals established?
Who is the league's vice president of brand and creative?
When was the standardized logo template introduced?
Whose Trophy is featured in the Super Bowl 50 logo?
In what year did the NFL suspend the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals?
When will the use of Roman numerals be reinstated?
What was the name of the team that suspended the use of Roman numerals for Super Bowl games?
What color were the large numerals in the Vince Lombardi Trophy logo?
When did the NFL suspend the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals?
What did the NFL change the name of the game to?
What was the previous name of the Super Bowl?
What color were the large numerals in the Vince Lombardi Trophy logo?
When will the use of Roman numerals be reinstated?
What type of numerals were used in the name of Super Bowl 50?
When will the use of Roman numerals be reinstated?
What color were the NFL's logos painted in during the 2015 Super Bowl?
When did all sideline jackets and hats feature gold-trimmed logos?
How many yards were colored gold on fields in the 2015 NFL season?
What color were the NFL's logos painted in during the 2015 Super Bowl?
What color were the NFL's logos painted in during the 2015 Super Bowl?
What was the title of the 2015 NFL season?
What was given to each high school that had a player or coach appear in the Super Bowl?
Where was the numbering of the gold-tinted logos painted on fields?
What color were the NFL's logos painted in during the 2015 Super Bowl?
Where was the annual NFL Experience held in San Francisco?
Where is the Moscone Center?
Who is the mayor of San Francisco?
Who unsuccessfully lobbied for the NFL to reimburse San Francisco for city services in the amount of $5 million?
When did "Super Bowl City" open?
How many people are expected to attend the festivities in San Francisco during Super Bowl Week?
Who is the mayor of San Francisco?
Where was the annual NFL Experience held in San Francisco?
What is the name of the city that opened on January 30?
Where was the annual NFL Experience held in San Francisco?
What is the name of the city that opened on January 30?
Who is the mayor of San Francisco?
What is the name of the city that opened on January 30?
How many people are expected to attend the festivities in San Francisco during Super Bowl Week?
Who said the homeless were going to have to leave San Francisco?
How much did the NFL want to reimburse San Francisco for city services?
What was held at the Moscone Center in San Francisco?
Where is the Bellomy Field event held?
How much does the Pep rally cost?
How long is the event at the Santa Clara Convention Center?
How much does the Pep rally cost?
What is the name of the pep rally in Santa Clara?
Who will need to help fund the Pep rally?
Where is the beer, wine and food festival held?
What will help find business sponsors and individual donors for the Pep rally?
Who will need to help fund the Pep rally?
How much does the Pep rally cost?
Who will need to help fund the Pep rally?
On what day was the Super Bowl's media day moved to?
On what day was the Super Bowl's media day traditionally held?
Where was the Super Bowl Opening Night held?
Where was the SAP Center located?
What replica was used in the opening ceremony?
On what day was the Super Bowl's media day traditionally held?
On what day was the Super Bowl's media day moved to?
What was the media day re-branded as?
Where was the Super Bowl Opening Night held?
Where was the SAP Center located?
When was the game's media day usually held?
What was the media day re-branded as?
Where was the Super Bowl Opening Night held?
What replica was used in the opening ceremony?
On what day was the Super Bowl's media day moved to?
What was the media day re-branded as?
Where was the Super Bowl Opening Night held?
What replica was used in the opening ceremony?
When was the Super Bowl Opening Night held?
What is the name of the Super Bowl program that provides local companies with contract opportunities?
How much has Business Connect raised?
Along with Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap, Chevron, and the NFL, what is a sponsor of the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee?
What company is a sponsor of the Business Connect program?
What company is a sponsor of the Business Connect program?
What is the name of the group that seeks disabled veterans and transgender-owned businesses for the first time?
How much money has the host committee raised?
How did the host committee raise money for Business Connect?
What is the name of the Super Bowl program that provides local companies with contract opportunities?
What is the name of the Super Bowl program that provides local companies with contract opportunities?
How much money has the host committee raised?
How much of the money that the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee raises will go to philanthropic causes in the Bay Area?
What is the name of the philanthropic initiative created by the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee?
How much of the money that the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee raises will go to philanthropic causes in the Bay Area?
What is the name of the philanthropic initiative created by the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee?
What has the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee vowed to be?
How much of the money that the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee raises will go to philanthropic causes in the Bay Area?
What is the name of the philanthropic initiative created by the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee?
How much of the money that the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee raises will go to philanthropic causes in the Bay Area?
What is the name of the philanthropic initiative created by the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee?
Whose trophy does all Super Bowl champions receive?
How many karats does the Vince Lombardi Trophy have?
How many pounds will each digit of the Super Bowl 50 weigh?
Who designed the "50"?
Who designed the "50"?
What is the name of the trophy that all Super Bowl champions receive?
How is the Vince Lombardi Trophy plated?
Who designed the "50"?
What is the name of the trophy that all Super Bowl champions receive?
Who designed the "50"?
Who televised the Super Bowl in the United States?
Who was the lead broadcaster of the NFL's Super Bowl?
Who was on the sidelines during the game?
How many cameras did CBS introduce during the Super Bowl?
What resolution were the cameras upgraded to for Super Bowl 50?
How many main broadcast television partners did the NFL have?
Where were Tracy Wolfson and Evan Washburn on the broadcast?
What kind of view did the EyeVision 360 provide?
What resolution were the cameras upgraded to for Super Bowl 50?
Where were Tracy Wolfson and Evan Washburn on the broadcast?
Who televised the Super Bowl in the United States?
How many main broadcast television partners did the NFL have?
Who televised the Super Bowl in the United States?
Who were the lead broadcasters of the NFL's Super Bowl?
Who were on the sidelines of the Super Bowl?
What resolution were the cameras upgraded to for Super Bowl 50?
What new feature did CBS introduce during the Super Bowl?
Who was the first Spanish-language broadcaster of the Super Bowl?
Who was the sideline reporter for ESPN Deportes?
Who was a part of the Monday Night Football commentary crew at ESPN Deportes?
When did ESPN announce that they had reached an agreement with CBS and the NFL to be the exclusive Spanish-language broadcaster of the Super Bowl?
What language did ESPN Deportes broadcast the Super Bowl in?
Who was the Spanish-language broadcaster of the 2015 Super Bowl?
Who was the first Spanish-language broadcaster of the Super Bowl?
Who was the sideline reporter for ESPN Deportes?
Who was the first Spanish-language broadcaster of the Super Bowl?
Who were the two members of ESPN Deportes' Monday Night Football commentary crew?
Who was the sideline reporter for ESPN Deportes?
What service was only available to Verizon Wireless customers?
Where was the ESPN Deportes Spanish broadcast made available?
Where did CBS provide digital streams of the NFL Deportes Spanish broadcast?
Along with Windows 10 and Chromecast, on what device did CBS provide CBS Sports apps?
What Windows operating system did CBS provide CBS Sports apps on?
Where did CBS provide digital streams of the NFL Deportes Spanish broadcast?
Along with Windows 10 and Chromecast, on what device did CBS provide CBS Sports apps?
Who had access to the NFL Mobile service?
How did Verizon Wireless provide streaming on smartphones?
Who was the exclusive provider of the NFL Mobile service?
What service did Verizon use to stream the NFL's Spanish broadcast?
What did CBS provide via CBSSports.com?
Who was the exclusive provider of the NFL Mobile service?
Where was the ESPN Deportes Spanish broadcast made available?
What was the first episode of CBS's late night talk show for Super Bowl 50?
What was the name of the special episode CBS aired after a break from local programming?
What was the first episode of CBS's late night talk show for Super Bowl 50?
What was the name of the special episode CBS aired after a break from local programming?
What was the first episode of CBS's late night talk show for Super Bowl 50?
What type of programming did CBS take a break from during Super Bowl 50?
What was the name of the show CBS aired after a break from local programming?
What was the base rate for a 30-second advertisement?
Who did CBS sign a multi-year contract with to air multiple advertisements during the Super Bowl?
Who was a longtime sponsor of the game?
What was the anniversary of the Pokémon video game and media franchise?
What was the base rate for a 30-second advertisement?
Who did CBS sign a multi-year contract with to air multiple advertisements during the Super Bowl?
Who was a longtime sponsor of the game?
Which company made their Super Bowl debut?
Nintendo and what other company made their Super Bowl debut?
Who did CBS sign a multi-year contract with to air multiple advertisements during the Super Bowl?
Who was a longtime sponsor of the game?
Who did CBS sign a multi-year contract with to air multiple advertisements during the Super Bowl?
Who was a longtime sponsor of the game?
What contest did Doritos hold?
What contest did QuickBooks sponsor?
Who had a 30-second commercial aired for free by QuickBooks?
How long was the commercial for the Small Business Big Game?
How many competitors did Death Wish Coffee beat in the "Small Business Big Game" contest?
Who had a 30-second commercial aired for free by QuickBooks?
How many competitors did Death Wish Coffee beat in the "Small Business Big Game" contest?
Who sponsored the "Small Business Big Game" contest?
Who had a 30-second commercial aired for free by QuickBooks?
How many con contests did Death Wish Coffee win?
Who sponsored the "Small Business Big Game" contest?
Who had a 30-second commercial aired for free by QuickBooks?
Who did Universal pay for the debut trailer for?
What movie did Lionsgate pay for during the Super Bowl?
What movie did Paramount pay for during the Super Bowl?
What was the title of Independence Day's movie trailer?
What movie did Lionsgate pay for during the Super Bowl?
What movie did Paramount pay for during the Super Bowl?
Who did Universal pay for the debut trailer for?
What movie trailer did Disney pay for during the Super Bowl?
On what day was Eddie the Eagle aired?
What studio paid for The Secret Life of Pets?
Who paid for the movie trailers for X-Men: Apocalypse?
Who will carry the game throughout North America?
Who is the Westwood One play-by-play announcer?
Who will anchor the pre-game and halftime coverage?
Who is the color analyst for the Cubs?
Who is the sideline reporter for the Cubs?
How many times will Wes One carry the od One game in North America?
Who is the Westwood One play-by-play announcer?
Who will carry the game throughout North America?
Who is the Westwood One play-by-play announcer?
Who will anchor the pre-game and halftime coverage?
Who is the Westwood One play-by-play announcer?
Who are the color analysts for the AFL game?
Who will be sideline reporters for the Cubs?
What will Jim Gray anchor?
Where does Westwood One carry the game?
What is the name of the radio station in Denver that will carry the game?
Who is on play-by-play on KRFX?
What is the broadcast time of WBT in North Carolina?
Where is WBT-FM based?
Who is on play-by-play on WBT?
Who is on play-by-play on KRFX?
Who will carry the color commentary for the Broncos' game on KRFX?
What radio station in North Carolina will carry the game?
Who is on play-by-play on WBT?
What stations in Denver will carry the game?
What is the name of WBT's sister station?
Which radio station in the United Kingdom will broadcast the contest?
Along with BBC Radio 5 Live, what station in the United Kingdom will broadcast the contest?
Along with Greg Brady and Rocky Boiman, who will be on commentary for the BBC's British English broadcast?
Who will broadcast the contest in the United Kingdom?
Who is the BBC's British English broadcaster?
Who was the MVP of Super Bowls I and II?
Who was the MVP of Super Bowl V?
Who was the MVP of Super Bowl XLI?
When did Harvey Martin die?
Who was the MVP of Super Bowl XLI?
How many of the 43 previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players were introduced?
Who was the MVP of Super Bowl XLI?
Who was the co-MVP of Super Bowl XII?
How many previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players were introduced?
How many of the 43 previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players were introduced?
Who was the MVP of Super Bowls I and II?
Who was the MVP of Super Bowl XLI?
Who was the co-MVP of Super Bowl XII?
How many times has Lady Gaga performed the national anthem?
What did Lady Gaga perform?
What award did Lady Gaga win?
What did Lady Gaga perform?
What does ASL stand for?
Who performed the national anthem?
Who provided the ASL translation of the national anthem?
Who performed the national anthem?
Who provided the ASL translation of the national anthem?
Who performed the national anthem?
How many times has Lady Gaga performed the national anthem?
Who provided the ASL translation of the national anthem?
When did Coldplay headline the halftime show?
What was the nationality of the rock group Coldplay?
What halftime show did Beyoncé headline?
What was the name of the single Beyoncé collaborated with Coldplay on?
What halftime show did Bruno Mars headline?
Who headlined the halftime show?
Who confirmed that Beyoncé would be appearing at the halftime show?
What was the name of the single Beyoncé collaborated with Coldplay on?
Who headlined the halftime show?
Who headlined the Super Bowl XLVII halftime show?
What was the name of the single Beyoncé collaborated with Coldplay on?
Who headlined the Super Bowl XLVIII halftime show?
Who took the opening kickoff?
Who did Peyton Manning throw to receiver?
Who did Shaq Thompson tackle for a 3-yard loss?
Who scored a 34-yard field goal?
Who moved the ball up 20 yards to the Panthers 14-yard line?
How many yards did Peyton Manning pass to tight end Owen Daniels?
Who tackled Ronnie Hillman for a 3-yard loss?
Who scored a 34-yard field goal?
What was the first time in the entire postseason that Carolina was facing a deficit?
Who took the opening kickoff?
Who did Peyton Manning pass to tight end?
Who moved the ball up 20 yards to the Panthers 14-yard line?
Who scored a 34-yard field goal?
What was the first time in the entire postseason that Carolina was facing a deficit?
Who was the CBS analyst and retired referee?
Who appeared to complete a 24-yard pass to Jerricho Cotchery?
Who knocked the ball out of Newton's hands while sacking him?
Who recovered the ball for the Broncos?
What was the first fumble return touchdown in a Super Bowl?
Who did Cam Newton appear to complete a 24-yard pass?
Who was the CBS analyst and retired referee?
Who knocked the ball out of Newton's hands while sacking him?
Who recovered the ball for the Broncos?
In what year was the first fumble return touchdown in a Super Bowl?
Who was the CBS analyst and retired referee?
Who knocked the ball out of Newton's hands while sacking him?
Who recovered the ball for the Broncos?
What was the first fumble return touchdown in a Super Bowl?
Who finished the drive with a 1-yard touchdown run?
Who punted the Broncos receiver Jordan Norwood?
How many yards did it take for the Broncos to cut the score to 10-7?
How many yards did Norwood return for a Super Bowl record?
How many yards did McManus kick a field goal?
How many yards did Newton pass on his 4 of 4 passes?
Who finished the drive with a 1-yard touchdown run?
How long did it take for Carolina to cut the score to 10-7?
Who was the Broncos receiver when they received a punt from Brad Nortman?
How many yards did McManus kick a field goal?
Who finished the drive with a 1-yard touchdown run?
What did McManus kick that increased the lead to 13-7?
Who tackled Mike Tolbert?
Who was Danny Trevathan?
Who tipped a Manning pass to himself and then intercepted it?
Who was sacked by the Broncos with 11 seconds left?
Who sacked Newton?
Who lost a fumble on Carolina's next possession?
Who tipped a Manning pass to himself and then intercepted it?
How many yards did Ealy return the ball to the Panthers 39-yard line?
Who sacked Newton?
Who lost a fumble on Carolina's next possession?
Who recovered the fumble on the Broncos 40-yard line?
Who tipped a Manning pass to himself and then intercepted it?
What did the Panthers have to do when they could not gain any yards with their possession?
Who sacked Newton?
Who did Newton pass to on the first play of the second half?
Who hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt?
How many yards was Gano's field goal attempt?
Who scored the Broncos' 33-yard field goal?
Who intercepted the Newton pass?
Who did Newton pass to on the first play of the second half?
What did Gano hit on a 44-yard field goal attempt?
Who intercepted the Newton pass?
Who recovered the ball that allowed the Panthers to keep possession?
Who did Newton pass to on the first play of the second half?
Where did the Broncos stop the drive?
Who hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt?
Who did Manning pass to for gains of 25 and 22 yards?
Who knocked the ball out of Manning's hand as he was winding up for a pass?
How many yards was Gano's field goal?
Who had a 16-yard reception?
Who set up Gano's 39-yard field goal?
Where did the Broncos drive to in the fourth quarter?
Who knocked the ball out of Manning's hand as he was winding up for a pass?
Where did Ealy recover the ball for Carolina?
What would the next three drives of the game end in?
Who knocked the ball out of Manning's hand as he was winding up for a pass?
Where did Ealy recover the ball for Carolina?
How long was Gano's field goal?
How many drives of the game would end in punts?
How many yards did Carolina get on their own with 4:51 left in regulation?
Who did Miller strip the ball away from on the next play?
Who gave the Broncos a holding penalty?
Who scored on a 2-yard touchdown run?
Who did Manning pass to for a 2-point conversion?
Who stripped the ball away from Newton?
Who recovered the ball from Newton?
Who did Miller strip the ball away from on the next play?
Who gave the Broncos a holding penalty?
How long did it take for the Broncos to get a 24-10 lead?
How long did it take Carolina to get the ball on their own 24-yard line?
Who stripped the ball away from Newton?
Who recovered the ball from Newton?
How many plays was the Denver offense kept out of the end zone?
Who scored on a 2-yard touchdown run?
How many solo tackles did Miller have?
How many touchdowns did Manning have?
How many receptions did Anderson have for 10 yards?
Who broke his right arm in the NFC title game?
How many interceptions did Manning have?
How many interceptions did Manning have?
How many touchdowns did Manning have?
Who was the game's leading rusher?
Who was the team's top receiver?
Who broke his right arm in the NFC title game?
Who was the team's top receiver?
Who was the game's leading rusher?
How many field goals did McManus make?
How many interceptions did Manning have?
How many receptions did Anderson have for 10 yards?
How many total yards did the Broncos get in the Super Bowl?
How many first downs did the Broncos have?
Who had the previous record of 244 yards in Super Bowl XXXV?
Whose 61-yard punt return set a new record?
Who was the oldest quarterback to win a Super Bowl?
How many total yards did the Broncos get in the Super Bowl?
How many first downs did the Broncos have?
Who had a record-setting seven sacks in Super Bowl XX?
What team had the most sacks in a Super Bowl?
How many first downs did the Broncos have?
How many first downs did the Broncos have?
Which team's seven sacks tied a Super Bowl record?
Who had a record-setting seven sacks in Super Bowl XX?
How many teams had a combined third down conversion percentage of 13.8?
What was Maria Skodowska-Curie the first female recipient of?
When was Casimir Pulaski born?
Who was the first female recipient of the Nobel Prize?
Who is Frédéric Chopin?
How old was Chopin when he moved to Warsaw?
How many species of trees are in the Saxon Garden?
What was remodelled in the 19th century?
What was formally a royal garden?
Where is the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier located?
What park covers the area of 76 ha?
How far from Warsaw is the Vistula river?
What types of animals live in the Vistula river?
How many natural reserves are in Warsaw?
How many lakes are in Warsaw?
Why are most lakes in Warsaw emptied before winter?
What is Warsaw considered to be the most diverse in Poland?
How many Polish inhabitants lived in Warsaw in 1933?
What percentage of Warsaw's population was Jewish in 1897?
What was the major minority in Warsaw in 1897?
What is most of the population growth in Warsaw based on?
What is the second academic school of technology in Poland?
How many professors are employed by the Warsaw University of Technology?
What is the largest medical school in Poland?
When was the University of Warsaw established?
What is the oldest and largest music school in Poland?
When was the University Library founded?
How many items are in the University Library?
What was the profession of Marek Budzyski and Zbigniew Badowski?
Who designed the University Library garden?
How large is the University Library garden?
What did Warsaw suffer from during its time as an Eastern Bloc economy?
What was the initial plan to rebuild Poland called?
What is one reason Warsaw has seen many improvements?
What has happened to Warsaw's health care facilities?
Where is the Maria Skodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology located?
What is the highest-reference hospital in all of Poland?
What is one of the largest and most modern oncological institutions in Europe?
How many beds does the Maria Skodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology have?
How has the infrastructure of the hospital changed over the years?
What type of venue is the Teatr Wielki?
What does Warsaw host?
Where is the Congress Hall located?
Where is the International Contemporary Music Festival Warsaw Autumn?
What type of events does Warsaw host?
What is the Saxon Garden?
What is the name of the Ogród Saski Theatre?
When was the Summer Theatre in operation?
What was the name of Warsaw's first literary cabaret?
What was the best example of Polish monumental theatre?
What is the Polish festival for wreaths called?
How many people gather on the banks of the Vistula on Midsummer's Night?
What is the name of the festival called Wianki?
What would the wreaths of herbs be used to predict?
What flower do people jump over fires to look for on Midsummer's Eve?
What does the Museum of Posters have one of the largest collections of in the world?
How many museums are in Warsaw?
What type of museum has one of the best collections of paintings in the country?
What is from Adolf Hitler's private collection?
What does the Museum of the Polish Army depict?
Where is a fine tribute to the fall of Warsaw?
Where is the Warsaw Uprising Museum located?
What type of theatre is the Warsaw Fotoplastikon?
What museum preserves patriotic and political objects connected with Poland's struggles for independence?
How many rooms are in the Warsaw Historical Museum?
Where is the Centre for Contemporary Art located?
How many projects does the Centre for Contemporary Art realize a year?
What is the oldest exhibition site in Warsaw?
Who exhibits at the Zachta National Gallery of Art?
When is Warsaw Gallery Weekend held?
What is the name of Polonia's local rival?
In what year did Polonia win the country's championship?
How many times did Polonia win the cup?
Where is Polonia's home stadium?
Why was Polonia relegated from the country's top flight in 2013?
What is the name of Warsaw's mermaid?
What is Warsaw's symbol?
How long has the imagery of the mermaid been in use?
When was the oldest armed seal of Warsaw?
What did the sea monster hold in its claws?
What is not fully known about the origin of the mermaid?
Where did two of Triton's daughters go on a journey?
Where did the mermaids stay?
Where did the mermaid stop to rest?
What did a greedy merchant do to the mermaid?
Where was Tamara de Lempicka born?
When did Tamara de Lempicka marry Tadeusz empicki?
What style of art did Tamara de Lempicka represent?
What was Nathan Alterman's profession?
Who wrote 'No one will ever see the Warsaw Pact'?
Who ranked Warsaw as the 32nd most liveable city in the world?
When did the Economist Intelligence Unit rank Warsaw as the 32nd most liveable city in the world?
What is Warsaw's economy characterized by?
What is the largest exchange in Central and Eastern Europe?
What is the European Union agency for external border security?
What year was the first historical reference to Warsaw?
What was the Polish capital in 1313?
When did Vasa move his court from Kraków to Warsaw?
Who moved his court from Kraków to Warsaw in 1596?
Why did Warsaw gain the title of the "Phoenix City"?
What type of archdiocese is Warsaw?
What is the name of the University of Warsaw?
What was the historic city-centre of Warsaw listed as in 1980?
What type of attraction is the Royal Castle?
What is a quarter of Warsaw filled with?
What is Warsaw's name in the Polish language?
What does Warszawa mean in Polish?
What was Warsz's occupation?
What did Warsz own?
What is the official city name of Warsaw?
Where were the first fortified settlements located on the site of today's Warsaw?
Who established Warszowa?
When did Bolesaw II of Masovia establish Warsaw?
When did Warsaw become the capital of the Masovian Duchy?
When was the duchy reincorporated into the Polish Crown?
Who was the seat of Warsaw in 1529?
When did the General Sejm become permanent?
What did the Warsaw Confederation establish in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth?
Why was Warsaw the capital of the Commonwealth?
When did Vasa move his court from Kraków to Warsaw?
How long did Warsaw remain the capital of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth?
Who annexed Warsaw to become the capital of South Prussia?
Who liberated Warsaw?
When was the Congress of Vienna?
When was the Royal University of Warsaw established?
How long was Warsaw occupied by Germany?
What did the Allied Armistice terms require Germany to withdraw from?
Who set up the Second Polish Republic?
When was the Polish-Bolshevik War?
Who was defeated in the Battle of Warsaw?
When was the German Invasion of Poland?
What was the General Government?
What percentage of Warsaw's Jewish population washerded into the Warsaw Ghetto?
When was the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising launched?
How long did the Ghetto last?
Who was pursuing the Germans in July 1944?
Why did the Red Army try to seize control of Warsaw?
When did the Warsaw Uprising begin?
How long did the Warsaw Uprising last?
How many Polish civilians died in the Warsaw Uprising?
What was the name of the campaign that began after World War II?
What type of housing projects were erected in Warsaw to address the housing shortage?
What type of city is Warsaw?
What was a gift from the Soviet Union?
What is Warsaw's historic Old Town inscribed on?
Which pope visited Poland in 1979 and 1983?
What did John Paul II's visits to Poland encourage?
How long after becoming pope did John Paul II celebrate Mass in Warsaw?
Where did John Paul II celebrate Mass in 1979?
What did the Polish citizens view the words of John Paul II's Mass as?
How many kilometers from the Carpathian Mountains is Warsaw?
How many miles east of Berlin is Warsaw?
What river does Warsaw straddle?
How tall is Szczliwice hill?
Where is the lowest point in Warsaw?
How many main geomorphologic formations are in Warsaw?
What is the name of the asymmetrical pattern of different terraces in Warsaw?
What plateau is the Vistula Valley located on?
What is the specific axis of Warsaw?
What is the name of the edge of the moraine plateau in Warsaw?
What plateau has a few natural and artificial ponds?
What does the highest level of the Vistula terrace contain?
What are visible in the flooded terraces of Warsaw?
What type of terraces were flooded?
What type of forest is on the highest terrace of the Vistula plateau?
What does Warsaw's mix of architectural styles reflect?
When was Warsaw razed?
When did rebuilding begin in Warsaw?
What is an example of a 19th century building that was razed in the 1950s and 1960s?
What was the basic design of the residential blocks?
What type of architecture is represented in the majestic churches?
When was St. John's Cathedral built?
What type of architecture is the temple of St. John's Cathedral a typical example of?
What type of architecture is the house of Baryczko merchant family known for?
What type of architecture is the Royal Castle?
When did building activity occur in many noble palaces and churches?
When was St. Kazimierz Church built?
What type of architecture is Czapski Palace?
What type of architecture in Warsaw can be described by the simplicity of the geometrical forms?
When was the Palace on the Water rebuilt?
What type of architecture was not restored by the communists after the war?
What happened to Exceptional examples of bourgeois architecture after the war?
What type of style was the Warsaw Philharmony built in?
What is the most interesting 19th century building in Warsaw?
What are the Saxon Palace and Brühl Palace considered to be in prewar Warsaw?
What is the name of the places that commemorate the heroic history of Warsaw?
What is the name of the infamous German Gestapo prison?
What was a place of martyr for the Poles?
Who does the statue of Little Insurgent commemorate?
What was erected in memory of the largest insurrection of World War II?
What type of garden is the University Library garden?
Where is the palm house located?
What is the name of the big park in the northern Mokotowski?
What park is near the Sejm and John Lennon street?
When was a zoological garden established on the park grounds?
Why is the flora of Warsaw mainly rich?
Where is Bielany Forest located?
Bielany Forest is the remaining part of what forest?
What is the name of the big forest area by the southern city border?
How many botanic gardens are in Warsaw?
How many people lived in Warsaw in 1939?
How many people lived in Warsaw in 1945?
When was the Warsaw area enlargement?
What did some Poles think of themselves because they lived in Warsaw?
What limitations were introduced after the Warsaw area enlargement?
What type of city is Warsaw?
How many people lived in the 1901 census?
What percentage of the population was Catholic in the 1901 census?
How many Protestants lived in Warsaw in 1901?
When was the Warsaw Uprising?
What is the basic unit of territorial division in Poland?
What are the units of the second level of the territorial division called?
What is an example of a city county or powiat grodzki?
Who has Legislative power in Warsaw?
How many members are on the Warsaw City Council?
How often are Warsaw City Council members elected?
What does the Warsaw City Council divide itself into?
How long does it take for the Warsaw City Council to override a veto?
What is the name of the mayor of Warsaw?
Who was the first Warsaw President?
When was Jan Andrzej Menich president?
Who elected the President of Warsaw?
In the years of 1994-1999, the mayor of what district was designated as the President of Warsaw?
What is the name of Warsaw's city center?
How many companies were registered in Warsaw in 2006?
What is Warsaw ranked as the 7th greatest?
What percentage of Poland's national income does Warsaw produce?
What was the GDP of Warsaw in 2010?
When was Warsaw's first stock exchange established?
When was the first stock exchange in Warsaw established?
When was the Warsaw Stock Exchange re-established?
How many companies are listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange?
What was the PZPR?
When was the FSO Car Factory established?
What was the name of the first vehicle assembled at the FSO Car Factory?
Who purchased the FSO Car Factory in 1995?
Who sold the FSO Car Factory in 2005?
What was the name of the vehicle assembled at the FSO Car Factory?
What is the capital of Poland?
What is the capital of Poland?
What river is Warsaw located on?
How many people live in the greater metropolitan area of Warsaw?
Where does Warsaw rank in population among European cities?
What is the capital of Poland?
What river is Warsaw located on?
How far is Warsaw from the Baltic Sea?
How many people live in the greater metropolitan area of Warsaw?
Where does Warsaw rank in population among European cities?
Where is Normandy located?
When did the Normans give their name to Normandy?
What countries did the Norse raiders and pirates come from?
Who was the leader of the Normans?
When did the distinct cultural and ethnic identity of the Normans emerge?
Who was the duke of Normandy?
Who founded the Principality of Antioch?
What orthodoxy did the Normans become exponents of?
What does Norseman mean?
When did Medieval Latin begin?
When did the Duchy of Normandy begin?
Who established the Duchy of Normandy?
The Duchy of Normandy began as a fiefdom down to what river?
Who raided Normandy and eventually settled parts of the Atlantic coast?
What religion did the descendants of Rollo's Vikings replace the Norse language with?
Where was the Norman culture located?
What did Normandy export by 1066?
When did the Normans enter the Mezzogiorno as warriors?
Whose shrine did the Normans visit in 1016?
Where was the shrine of the Archangel Michael located?
Who was the leader of the Hauteville family?
Who was the leader of the Drengot family?
From whom did the Normans capture Sicily and Malta?
When was Roger II of Sicily crowned king?
Where was William Iron Arm's citadel located?
What was the name of the Tabula Rogeriana?
What does Kitab Rudjdjar mean?
What type of bureaucracy did the Normans have?
Who did the Normans fight against?
When did Hervé serve as a Byzantine general?
When did Robert Crispin lead the Normans of Edessa against the Turks?
Who stopped Roussel de Bailleul?
What was the name of the Norman castle?
What Norman led a force of "Franks" into the upper Euphrates valley?
Who destroyed the Armenian vassal-states of Sassoun and Taron?
Several families of Byzantine Greece were of what origin?
Who drove the Byzantines out of southern Italy?
In what year did the Normans retreat to Italy?
How many men were in Robert's army?
Where was the citadel of Mili located?
Who was Robert's son?
Where was the citadel of Mili located?
When did the Norman army invade Dyrrachium?
What was one of the most important naval bases of the Adriatic?
Dyrrachium was one of the most important naval bases of what area?
Who fled to Normandy in 1013?
Who was King Ethelred II's sister?
Where was Duke Richard II from?
Who forced Ethelred from his kingdom?
Who was Edward's half-brother?
When did Edward the Confessor return from his father's refuge?
Who was appointed archbishop of Canterbury?
At what battle did Duke William II of Normandy kill King Harold II?
Who was the Duke of Normandy in 1066?
When did Duke William II of Normandy conquer England?
Who did the Normans replace as the ruling class of England?
What did Middle English evolve into?
When did the Normans invade Bannow Bay?
The Normans settled mostly in the east of what country?
The Normans had a profound effect on what culture and history?
Who was the claimant of the English throne against William the Conqueror?
Who married Edgar's sister Margaret?
When did William invade Scotland?
What was the name of Malcolm's son?
Who did Alexander I marry?
What ancestry did some Scottish kings come from?
Where was Ralph earl?
Who was Ralph charged with warring with before the Norman Conquest of England?
Who set up Ralph as earl of Hereford?
What was subject to Norman interference during the conquest?
When did Roger de Tosny travel to the Iberian Peninsula to carve out a state for himself from Moorish lands?
Who led the papal army during the War of Barbastro?
When was the Siege of Antioch?
Who was instrumental in the conquest of Jerusalem?
What was Tancred instrumental in the conquest of?
How long was Cyprus under Western European domination?
What caused Richard to leave Messina?
What was the name of Richard's fiancée's boat?
When did Richard leave Messina?
Who took the prisoners of the treasure ship?
Who was the rival of Guy de Lusignan?
What type of chains was Isaac confined with when he surrendered?
Who was the prince of the Holy Land in Limassol at the same time as Richard?
Who married Berengaria of Navarre?
When did Richard marry Berengaria?
What type of coronation did Richard cause himself to be crowned King of Cyprus?
When did the Venetians acquire full control of Cyprus?
Who sold Cyprus after the Anglo-Norman conquest?
Where were the Canarian islands conquered by Jean de Bethencourt and Gadifer de la Salle?
Who took the title of King of the Canary Islands?
Who was the 2nd Count de Niebla?
Who sold the rights to the islands to Enrique Pérez de Guzmán?
Where are the legal systems of Jersey and Guernsey located?
How many customaries were transcribed for use by judges?
What idiom did the Normans spread to England and Italy?
What kind of arches did the Normans have?
Norman architecture precedes what type of architecture in England?
Norman architecture immediately succeeds what type of architecture in England?
Where was the Norman-Arab style built?
When did the dukes begin a programme of church reform?
Who began a programme of church reform in the early 11th century?
When did the French Wars of Religion take place?
What is the Bayeux Tapestry a work of?
What is the most famous work of Norman art?
Who commissioned the Bayeux Tapestry?
What type of art was common in Norman Italy?
In what century did the history of classical music begin in Normandy?
Who were the Italian abbots at Fécamp?
Where did the monks of Saint-Evroul flee to?
What did Robert Guiscard establish?
Who patronised the monks of Saint-Evroul?
What tradition was developed at Saint Evroul?
When was Nikola Tesla born?
What was Nikola Tesla's nationality?
When did Nikola Tesla die?
When was Nikola Tesla born?
When did Nikola Tesla die?
What was Nikola Tesla's nationality?
Nikola Tesla was best known for his contributions to the design of what type of electricity supply system?
When did Tesla migrate to the United States?
Who did Tesla work for in New York City?
Who licensed Tesla's AC induction motor?
Where did Tesla work for Thomas Edison?
What was the name of the corporate alternating current/direct current battle Tesla was involved in?
When did Tesla migrate to the United States?
Who did Tesla work for in New York City?
Where did Tesla work for Thomas Edison?
Who licensed Tesla's AC induction motor?
What was Tesla's patented AC induction motor?
When did Tesla make early pronouncements on the possibility of wireless communication with his devices?
What type of power experiments did Tesla conduct in New York and Colorado Springs?
What experiments did Tesla conduct in his lab?
Along with New York, where did Tesla experiment with wireless lighting and electricity distribution?
When did Tesla make early pronouncements on the possibility of wireless communication with his devices?
What was one of Tesla's first exhibited inventions?
What was the name of Tesla's ill-fated attempt at intercontinental wireless transmission?
When did Tesla die?
What did the General Conference on Weights and Measures name the tesla?
Where did Tesla live most of his life?
What was Tesla's nickname in popular culture?
What did Tesla earn a considerable amount of money from?
When did Tesla die?
What did the General Conference on Weights and Measures name the tesla?
When did popular interest in Tesla resurgence?
What was Tesla known for?
In what country is Smiljan located?
What was Tesla's father's profession?
What type of memory did Nikola Tesla have?
What did Nikola credit for Tesla's creative abilities?
What was Tesla's father's profession?
Who was Tesla's father?
Who was Tesla's mother?
What did Tesla's mother have a talent for?
What did Nikola credit for Tesla's eidetic memory and creative abilities?
How many children did Tesla have?
What language did Tesla study at the "Lower" or "Primary" School?
When did the Tesla family move to Gospi?
What was Tesla's older brother's name?
What were Tesla's sisters' names?
What happened to Dane when Nikola was five?
Where did Tesla's family move in 1862?
What was Tesla's father's job in Gospi?
Who was Tesla's math teacher?
What language were the classes at the Higher Real Gymnasium held in?
What was Tesla able to do in his head that prompted his teachers to believe he was cheating?
What did Tesla's teachers believe he was doing?
In what year did Tesla graduate from the Higher Real Gymnasium?
When did Tesla move to Karlovac?
Why did Tesla move to Karlovac?
Who was Tesla's math teacher?
What language were the classes at the Higher Real Gymnasium held in?
In what year did Tesla graduate from the Higher Real Gymnasium?
What disease did Tesla contract in 1873?
How long was Tesla bedridden?
Where did Tesla's father promise to send him if he recovered from cholera?
What did Tesla's father originally want him to do?
Where was Tesla's birthtown?
When did Tesla return to Smiljan?
What disease did Tesla contract in 1873?
How long was Tesla bedridden?
What did Tesla's father originally want him to do?
What did Tesla's father promise if he recovered from cholera?
Where did Tesla go after being drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army?
Whose works helped Tesla recover from his illness?
Where did Tesla explore in hunter's garb?
When did Tesla run away to Tomingaj?
What did Tesla wear when he explored the mountains?
What did Tesla avoid by running away to Tomingaj?
When did Tesla run away to Tomingaj?
What did Tesla do in Tomingaj?
Whose works helped Tesla recover from his illness?
When did Tesla enroll at Austrian Polytechnic?
Where did Tesla enroll on a Military Frontier scholarship in 1875?
When did Tesla's father die?
What did Tesla become addicted to after losing his Military Frontier scholarship?
How many Sundays did Tesla work?
Where was Austrian Polytechnic located?
When did Tesla enroll at Austrian Polytechnic?
When did Tesla's father die?
What did Tesla do during his third year at Austrian Polytechnic?
What did the letters warn Tesla that unless he was removed from the school?
What did Tesla do in December of 1878?
Why did Tesla leave Graz?
What did Tesla do in Maribor?
What did Milutin Tesla beg his son to do?
What did Nikola suffer when he refused to return to Graz?
In what year did Tesla leave Graz?
What did Tesla hide from his family?
Why did Tesla leave Graz?
What did Tesla work for 60 florins a month in Maribor?
What did Nikola suffer when he refused to return to Graz?
Why was Tesla returned to Gospi?
When was Tesla returned to Gospi?
How old was Milutin Tesla when he died?
What did some sources say Tesla died of?
What did Tesla do in his old school?
Why was Tesla returned to Gospi?
In what year was Tesla returned to Gospi?
What was the name of Tesla's old school?
What was Tesla's cause of death?
Where did Tesla attend Charles-Ferdinand University?
Why did Tesla not enroll at Charles-Ferdinand University?
How did Tesla attend lectures at Charles-Ferdinand University?
Where did Tesla enroll in 1880?
Where did Tesla attend Charles-Ferdinand University?
In what year did two of Tesla's uncles put together enough money to help him leave Gospi for Prague?
Where did Tesla enroll in 1880?
Who helped Tesla leave Gospi for Prague?
Where did Tesla move to in 1881?
What telegraph company did Tesla work for in 1881?
What position was Tesla given at the Budapest Telephone Exchange?
What did Tesla claim to have perfected?
What was Tesla's job title in the Central Telegraph Office?
When did Tesla move to Budapest?
What was the Budapest Telephone Exchange?
What telegraph company did Tesla work for in 1881?
What position was Tesla given at the Budapest Telephone Exchange?
When did Tesla begin working for the Continental Edison Company?
Where was the Continental Edison Company located?
Where did Tesla relocate to in 1884?
Who hired Tesla to work at the Edison Machine Works?
What was the name of Thomas Edison's plant in New York City?
Who did Tesla begin working for in 1882?
Where was the Continental Edison Company located?
In what year did Tesla relocate to New York City?
Who hired Tesla to work at the Edison Machine Works?
Where was Tesla's Edison Machine Works located?
How much money did Tesla say was in it for him to redesign the Edison Company's direct current generators?
What did Edison offer to redesign Edison's direct current generators?
How long did it take Tesla to complete the redesign of Edison's direct current generators?
How much money did Tesla say was in it for him to redesign the Edison Company's direct current generators?
What did Tesla say he didn't understand?
How much did Edison offer to redesign Edison's direct current generators?
Who partnered with Tesla to finance an electric lighting company?
What was the name of Tesla's lighting company?
What did Tesla Electric Light & Manufacturing do?
What type of patents were issued to Tesla in the US?
What were the first patents issued to Tesla in the US?
Who partnered with Tesla to finance an electric lighting company?
In what year did Tesla partner with Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail?
What was the name of Tesla's lighting company?
What did Tesla Electric Light & Manufacturing do?
What company did Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail work for?
What did the investors do to Tesla?
How did the investors feel about Tesla after he was forced out of his job?
What did Tesla do for $2 per day?
What years did Tesla have "terrible headaches and bitter tears"?
Why did Tesla lose control of his patents?
What did Tesla do for $2 per day?
What did Tesla have to work at?
Who was Alfred S. Brown?
When did Tesla and Brown form the Tesla Electric Company?
What would the profits from Tesla's patents go to?
Where was Tesla's laboratory located?
When did Tesla meet Alfred S. Brown?
What was Alfred S. Brown's job?
Who was Tesla's attorney?
Where was Tesla's laboratory located?
What was the name of the company Tesla formed with Charles F. Peck?
What did Tesla develop in 1887?
When was the induction motor patented?
What did the self-starting electric motor not need?
What did the self-starting design of the induction motor avoid?
What was the design of the induction motor that did not need a commutator?
When did Tesla develop his induction motor?
Why was alternating current being used in the US and Europe?
What did Tesla avoid having to replace in order to create a self-starting motor?
When was the induction motor patented?
Who was Thomas Commerford Martin?
Where did Tesla demonstrate his alternating current system?
In what year did Thomas Commerford Martin arrange for Tesla to demonstrate his alternating current system?
Why did Westinghouse try to get a patent for Tesla's induction motor?
Who was the editor of Electrical World magazine in 1888?
Who was the editor of Electrical World magazine in 1888?
Who did the engineers working for the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company report that Tesla had a viable AC motor?
Which Italian physicist presented a paper on Tesla's induction motor in March 1888?
What was the profession of Galileo Ferraris?
Who reported that Tesla had a viable AC motor?
In what year did George Westinghouse negotiate a licensing deal for Tesla's designs?
How much did George Westinghouse pay for Tesla's designs?
Who did Brown and Peck negotiate a licensing deal with for Tesla's designs?
What was Tesla's job title in the Westinghouse labs?
How much did George Westinghouse pay for Tesla's designs?
In what year did George Westinghouse negotiate a licensing deal for Tesla's designs?
How much did Tesla pay to be a consultant at Westinghouse's Pittsburgh labs?
Where was the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company's labs located?
In what city did Tesla work to create an alternating current system to power streetcars?
What did Tesla create in Pittsburgh?
How long was Tesla's AC current system?
What type of motor did the Westinghouse engineers use to power their streetcars?
What was the purpose of the alternating current system?
What did the Westinghouse engineers use instead of an induction motor?
Who were the leaders of the "War of Currents"?
What did the "War of Currents" start out as a competition between Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse?
What did Edison Machine Works pursue in 1890?
What was Thomas Edison's company consolidated into in 1892?
What was the name of the electrical distribution battle between Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse?
Who was George Westinghouse's opponent in the "War of Currents"?
When did Westinghouse license Tesla's induction motor?
Why was the development of Tesla's motor put on hold?
What was Thomas Edison's company consolidated into in 1892?
Who won the bid to light the World's Columbian Exposition in 1893?
Where was the World's Columbian Exposition held?
Who did Westinghouse beat to light the World's Columbian Exposition in 1893?
What was the name of the alternating current system presented at the Columbian Exposition?
What was the name of the alternating current system presented at the Columbian Exposition?
Who won the bid to light the World's Columbian Exposition in 1893?
Where was the World's Columbian Exposition held?
When did George Westinghouse win the bid to light the World's Columbian Exposition?
What was the World's Fair a key event in the history of?
Who was the head of the Niagara Falls Cataract Construction Company?
Where was the Cataract Construction Company located?
Who was awarded a contract to build a two-phase AC generating system at the Niagara Falls?
Who built the AC distribution system at the Niagara Falls?
What type of system did Tesla suggest would be the most reliable?
Who was the head of the Niagara Falls Cataract Construction Company?
When did Richard Dean Adams seek Tesla's opinion?
What was the most reliable system to transmit power generated at the Niagara Falls?
What did Tesla think a two-phased system would be?
When was a patent-sharing agreement signed between GE and Westinghouse Electric?
How much did Westinghouse Electric pay for the patents?
What was Westinghouse Electric's alternating current royalty?
How much did Westinghouse pay out in licenses and royalties to Tesla, Brown, and Peck?
Who backed General Electric in the 1890s?
How much did Westinghouse pay out in licenses and royalties to Tesla, Brown, and Peck?
How much did Westinghouse Electric pay for the patents?
How old was Tesla when he became a naturalized citizen?
Where was Tesla's lab located?
What did Tesla light wirelessly?
What did Tesla patented?
In what year did Tesla become a naturalized citizen of the United States?
What did Tesla patented?
How old was Tesla when he became a naturalized citizen?
How did Tesla light his lamps?
What organization did Tesla serve as vice president of from 1892 to 1894?
What organization did Tesla serve as vice president of from 1892 to 1894?
When did Tesla leave the American Institute of Electrical Engineers?
What position did Tesla hold at the American Institute of Electrical Engineers?
When did Tesla serve as vice president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers?
Along with the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, what institute did Tesla serve as vice president of from 1892 to 1894?
Why did Tesla begin to investigate x-rays?
When was much of Tesla's research lost?
When did Wilhelm Röntgen announce his discovery of x-rays?
What was the only thing Tesla captured in the image?
When did Tesla begin investigating x-rays?
What was another name for "Roentgen rays"?
When was much of Tesla's early research lost?
What did Tesla inadvertently capture?
Who did Röntgen try to photograph with a Geissler tube?
What did Wilhelm Röntgen discover?
When did Tesla begin to experiment with X-ray imaging?
What is another name for X-ray imaging?
What did Tesla create several experimental setups to produce?
What did Tesla use to produce X-rays?
In what year did Tesla develop a high energy single terminal vacuum tube?
What did Tesla use to produce X-rays?
What did Tesla believe the Tesla Coil would enable one to generate of much greater power than obtainable with ordinary apparatus?
What did Tesla incorrectly believe about X-rays?
What did Tesla believe early on about the damage to the skin?
What did Tesla attribute to the hazards of working with his circuits and single-node X-ray-producing devices?
What did Tesla note the hazards of working with?
Where can plasma waves occur?
What did Tesla believe was the cause of the skin damage?
What did Tesla incorrectly believe X-rays were?
Where can plasma waves occur?
How did Tesla attribute the skin damage to various causes?
Who developed an efficient version of Tesla's induction motor?
When did Westinghouse engineer Benjamin Lamme make great progress developing an efficient version of Tesla's induction motor?
Who started branding their complete polyphase phase AC system as the "Tesla Polyphase System"?
What was the device Tesla constructed to make a copper egg stand on end?
Who demonstrated how to make a copper egg stand on end?
In what year did the New York Herald Tribune publish an article about Tesla?
What would a minute particle do when it broke off the cathode?
Where did Tesla say he could feel a minute particle break off the cathode, pass out of the tube, and physically strike him?
What was Tesla's "electric gun" compared to?
What organization was Tesla a member of?
What device was used in the further development of radio?
What was the name of the institute in Philadelphia?
In what year did Tesla demonstrate a radio-controlled boat to the public?
What was the name of Tesla's boat?
Where did Tesla demonstrate his boat?
At what event did Tesla demonstrate his boat?
Who piloted Tesla's boat?
In what year was Tesla granted patents for a system of transmitting electrical energy?
Who made the first transatlantic radio transmission?
When did Guglielmo Marconi make his first transatlantic radio transmission?
In what year did the Supreme Court restore the patents of Tesla, Oliver Lodge, and John Stone?
Who restored Tesla's patents in 1943?
When did Tesla move to Colorado Springs?
Where did Tesla send his signals from Pikes Peak to?
When did Tesla perform his first experiments at his Colorado Springs lab?
How long was Tesla's spark?
What type of electricity did Tesla investigate?
What type of waves did Tesla observe?
What was Tesla's belief about the earth?
What was the name of the artificial energy created by Albert Einstein?
How long did the artificial lightning that was produced by St. Elmo's lab last?
How far away was thunder heard in Cripple Creek, Colorado?
What happened to light bulbs within 100 feet of the lab?
What type of lightning was created by St. Elmo?
What did Tesla cause when he faulted a power station generator?
What happened to the dynamos in a power house six miles away?
What caused the dynamos in a power house six miles away to be burned out?
What did Tesla do to insulation when he faulted a power station generator?
What did Tesla conclude were the signals he heard from his receiver?
What planet did Tesla believe he was hearing signals from?
Where did Tesla write an article about the signals he heard in 1901?
What did Tesla do in July of 1899?
When did Tesla intercept Marconi's European experiments?
How much did John Jacob Astor IV invest in Tesla?
What did John Jacob Astor IV invest in in 1899?
What did Tesla use the money to do?
In what year did John Jacob Astor IV invest $100,000 in Tesla?
What year did Tesla leave Colorado Springs?
What happened to Tesla's lab in 1904?
When was Tesla's lab torn down?
What happened to Tesla's lab after it was torn down?
What was the name of Tesla's trans-Atlantic wireless telecommunications facility?
What was Wardenclyffe?
Where is Wardenclyffe located?
Who did Tesla ask for more funds to build a more powerful transmitter?
What did Tesla say he was affected by?
What was Morgan's reaction to Tesla's breach of contract?
How many letters did Tesla write to Morgan?
Why did Tesla write to Morgan?
What happened in 1901 that ended Tesla's relationship with Morgan?
How tall was the Wardenclyffe tower?
How many horsepower was Tesla's bladeless turbine?
How fast was Tesla's bladeless turbine?
When was Tesla's 50th birthday?
What was the horsepower range of Tesla's bladeless turbine engines tested at the Waterside Power Station?
What type of mechanical oscillator was invented by Tesla?
Where did Tesla experiment with mechanical oscillators?
What did Tesla do with his steam-powered mechanical oscillator?
Where was the article "Nikola Tesla, Dreamer" published?
What did Tesla say would happen if he continued to set the earth's crust into a state of vibration?
What did Tesla believe enhanced intelligence?
What was Tesla's plan to make dull students bright?
Who was the superintendent of New York City schools in 1912?
Who was William H. Maxwell?
What type of investors did Tesla seek before World War I?
What did Tesla do after the war?
What did Tesla do to Wardenclyffe?
How much did Tesla pay for Wardenclyffe?
What was Tesla's highest honor?
In what magazine did Tesla postulate that electricity could be used to locate submarines?
What was the signal viewed on in the August 1917 issue of Electrical Experimenter?
fluorescent screen has a superficial resemblance to what modern system?
Who helped develop France's first radar system in the 1930s?
Who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1915?
Who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1915?
What were the unsubstantiated rumors about Edison and Tesla?
When could a recipient decline a Nobel Prize?
What did the biographers claim about Edison and Tesla?
How many bids did Edison receive in 1915?
Who received one of 38 possible bids in 1915?
When did Tesla receive one of 38 possible bids?
What was Tesla's last patent?
What was the name of Tesla's biplane capable of taking off vertically?
How much did Tesla think the plane would sell for?
What was the earliest proposal for the use of in rotor aircraft?
How much did the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company pay Tesla?
What did the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company pay Tesla?
How long did the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company pay Tesla's expenses?
What was Westinghouse worried about?
What did Tesla announce a method of transmitting with minimal loss over any terrestrial distance?
What was Tesla's method of transmitting mechanical energy with minimal loss?
How much loss did Tesla have when he announced his method of transmitting mechanical energy?
What was Tesla's method of accurately determining the location of?
In what year did Tesla announce a method of transmitting mechanical energy with minimal loss over any terrestrial distance?
What did Tesla do on his daily commute?
Who did Tesla refuse to consult after being thrown to the ground?
What happened to Tesla's ribs in the fall of 1937?
When was Tesla able to get up?
When did Tesla leave the Hotel New Yorker to feed the pigeons?
What did Tesla make claims about after studying the Van de Graaff generator?
What did Tesla study to make a teleforce weapon?
What was the teleforce weapon able to be used against?
What was the teleforce weapon used for?
What did the press call the Van de Graaff generator?
In what year did Tesla speak at a luncheon in his honor about the death ray?
When did Tesla announce his death ray?
What type of pellets were used in Tesla's death ray device?
How are the tungsten pellets accelerated?
How much time will pass before Tesla can give the death ray to the world?
What was the subject of the treatise?
Where is the treatise of The Art of Projecting Concentrated Non-dispersive Energy through the Natural Media located?
Where is the Nikola Tesla Museum archive?
How many volts did Tesla charge particles to in his treatise?
What did Tesla want to end with a superweapon?
What did Tesla say he was trying to do?
What was Tesla's blueprint for the teleforce weapon?
What was scrutinized in Tesla's room?
How old was Tesla when he died?
When did Tesla die?
Who found Tesla's body?
What did Alice Monaghan ignore when entering Tesla's room?
What was Tesla's cause of death?
What did the FBI do with Tesla's belongings?
Who was a professor at M.I.T. and a technical aide to the National Defense Research Committee?
What did Trump conclude about Tesla's belongings?
Where was Tesla's estate transported?
Who read Tesla's eulogy on WNYC radio?
Who wrote the eulogy for Tesla?
When was Tesla's state funeral held?
How many people attended Tesla's funeral?
Where was Tesla's state funeral held?
Where was Tesla's estate shipped in 1952?
Who was Tesla's nephew?
Who transported Tesla's ashes from the United States to Belgrade?
Where was Tesla's estate shipped in 1952?
Where are Tesla's ashes displayed?
How many patents did Tesla obtain worldwide for his inventions?
How many countries have patents issued to Tesla?
In what country did Tesla obtain patents?
Where have some of Tesla's patents been found?
What was Tesla's dinner time?
How long did Tesla work every day?
When would Tesla resume his work?
Who would Tesla telephone his dinner order to?
How long did Tesla walk?
What did Tesla walk between 8 to 10 miles per day?
What did Tesla do to stimulate his brain cells?
What did Tesla say walking stimulated?
What did Tesla say he did not believe in?
Who was Arthur Brisbane?
How many fundamental laws did Tesla believe could be reduced to?
What animals did Tesla feed every day?
How much did Tesla spend to fix the pigeon's wing and leg?
What did Tesla build a device to fix for the pigeon?
Where did Tesla feed the pigeons?
Where did Tesla nurse injured pigeons?
How much did Tesla weigh?
How tall was Tesla?
When did Tesla's weight vary?
Where did Tesla live?
How many languages did Tesla speak?
What was Tesla's affliction accompanied by?
What was the construction stage of Tesla's mind called?
What was Tesla's affliction?
What type of memory did Tesla have?
How long did Tesla spend at a gaming table?
How long did Tesla work without sleep?
Where was Tesla's second year of study?
Who was a journalist that Tesla befriended?
What was Kenneth Swezey's profession?
What did Tesla say was helpful to his scientific abilities?
Who has vying for Tesla's affection?
When did Tesla tell a reporter that he felt he made too great a sacrifice to his work?
Who was Tesla's loyal secretary?
Who described Tesla as having "distinguished sweetness, sincerity, modesty, refinement, generosity, and force"?
What did Tesla do with his work?
What type of person was Tesla?
Who was Julian Hawthorne?
Who described Tesla's induction motor as "the most valuable patent since the telephone"?
Where did Twain work with Tesla?
When did Tesla become a close friend of Mark Twain?
What did Tesla openly express disgust for?
Who did Tesla fire because of her weight?
Why did Tesla fire a secretary?
What did Tesla ask a subordinate to do to her dress?
What did Tesla believe did not create an electric charge?
What was the 19th century concept that transmitted electrical energy?
What was the 19th century concept of an all pervasive ether?
In what century did Tesla believe that atoms were immutable?
Whose theory of relativity was Tesla critical of?
How did Tesla feel about Einstein's theory of relativity?
What theory was Einstein critical of?
What did Tesla claim to have completed in 1937?
When did Tesla claim to have developed his own physical principle regarding matter and energy?
What type of space did Tesla claim he would end idle speculations and false conceptions of?
How old was Tesla in 1937?
What was Tesla a proponent of?
What kind of workings of nature did Tesla believe humans' pity interfered with?
What did Tesla believe humans had interfered with the natural workings of nature?
In what year did Tesla say he wanted to push eugenics further?
Who did Tesla believe would become the dominant sex in the future?
When did Tesla comment on the ills of the social subservience of women and the struggle of women toward gender equality?
What did Tesla say humanity's future would be run by?
What type of environment did Tesla make predictions about?
What were the great Forces which will lead to the Consummation of the War?
When was Tesla's article "Science and Discovery are the great Forces which will lead to the Consummation of the War" published?
What did Tesla believe was not a remedy for the times and issues?
What religion was Tesla raised as?
What religion did Tesla oppose?
What two religions did Tesla have a profound respect for?
What was the name of Tesla's 1937 article?
What are Tesla's religious views?
What did Tesla say 'A Machine to End'?
What did Tesla write for magazines and journals?
Where did Tesla write his articles?
Who compiled and edited My Inventions: The Autobiography of Nikola Tesla?
Where are many of Tesla's writings freely available?
When was the article "The Problem Increasing Human Energy" published?
Where was the article "Experiments With Alternate Currents Of High Potential And High Frequency" published?
The impact of Tesla's technologies is a recurring theme in which genre?
Where has Tesla's legacy been found?
The impact of Tesla's technologies is a recurring theme in how many types of science fiction?
What magazine featured Tesla on its 1931 cover?
What was Tesla's birthday in 1931?
What was Tesla's contribution to?
What famous scientist congratulated Tesla on his contribution to electrical power generation?
How many pioneers congratulated Tesla?
What is a branch of the theory of computation in theoretical computer science?
Computational complexity theory classifies computational problems according to what?
Computational complexity theory focuses on classifying what according to their inherent difficulty?
How is a problem regarded as inherently difficult?
What does computational complexity theory introduce to study problems?
What are two resources needed to solve a problem?
What is used in circuit complexity?
What is one of the roles of computational complexity theory?
What are two closely related fields of theoretical computer science?
Along with computability theory, what field is closely related to theoretical computer science?
What theory asks a more general question about all possible algorithms that could be used to solve the same problem?
Along with analysis of algorithms, what is a closely related field to theoretical computer science?
What is the input string for a computational problem referred to as?
The input string for a computational problem should not be confused with what?
What type of utterance can serve as the input for a decision problem?
A computational problem can be viewed as an infinite collection of what?
A computational problem can be viewed as an infinite collection of instances with what for every instance?
How many kilometers is the route through all of Germany's 15 largest cities?
What is the answer to the traveling salesman problem?
What type of problem does complexity theory address?
What is a string over an alphabet when considering computational problems?
What is the alphabet taken to be when considering computational problems?
What are strings considered to be when considering computational problems?
How can integers be represented in a computer?
graphs can be encoded directly via what?
What is one of the central objects of study in computational complexity theory?
What is the answer to a decision problem?
What is the alternate answer to a decision problem?
A decision problem is a special type of computational problem whose answer is what?
A decision problem is a special type of computational problem whose answer is what?
What is the input of a decision problem?
What is associated with a decision problem?
What does one have to decide to obtain a precise definition of the decision problem?
What is a function problem?
What is expected for every input in a function problem?
What is a computational problem where a single output is expected for every input?
What is an example of a function problem where a single output is expected for every input?
What is the output of a function problem more than a decision problem?
What type of problems can be recast as function problems?
The multiplication of two integers can be expressed as what?
What is one way to measure the difficulty of solving a computational problem?
What does the running time of an algorithm depend on?
How is the time required to solve a problem calculated?
What is the size of the input?
Complexity theory is interested in how algorithms scale with what?
What says that a problem can be solved with a feasible amount of resources if it admits a polynomial time algorithm?
What can be expressed as a function of n?
What is T(n) defined to be the maximum time taken over all inputs of size n?
What is defined to be the maximum time taken over all inputs of size n?
If T(n) is a polynomial in n, then the algorithm is said to be what?
What is a mathematical model of a general computing machine?
What does the Church-Turing thesis believe a Turing machine can solve a problem?
What is the most commonly used model in complexity theory?
What does a Turing machine manipulate on a strip of tape?
What is the most basic Turing machine?
What does a deterministic Turing machine use to determine its future actions?
What is a deterministic Turing machine with an extra supply of random bits?
What is a deterministic Turing machine with an added feature of non-determinism?
What are algorithms that use random bits called?
What are many types of Turing machines used to define?
What resources may be more powerful than others when they are bounded?
What types of Turing machines are used to define complexity classes?
What is an example of a machine model that is different from multi-tape Turing machines?
Random access machines can be converted to another model without providing any extra what?
How much time and memory does a random access machine consume?
What do all of the models have in common?
What kind of Turing machine is a computational model that is allowed to branch out to check many different possibilities at once?
What are some computational problems easier to analyze in terms of?
What does the branching of a non-deterministic Turing machine capture?
What is an important resource in analyzing computational problems?
What is the total number of steps a deterministic Turing machine makes before it halts and outputs the answer?
What is complexity theory interested in classifying problems based on?
What is the set of problems solvable within time f(n) on a deterministic Turing machine denoted by?
A deterministic Turing machine is used for a precise definition of what it means to solve a problem using a given amount of space and what else?
Time and space are the most well-known what?
What can any complexity measure be viewed as?
What are complexity measures generally defined by?
What is defined by the Blum complexity axioms?
What is defined by the Blum complexity axioms?
What are the three different ways of measuring the time complexity of different inputs of the same size?
What is another term for time complexity?
The best, worst and average case complexity refer to three different ways of measuring what?
What does the best, worst, and average case complexity measure?
What solves the problem of sorting a list of integers?
What is it called when the input is sorted or sorted in reverse order?
How much time does quicksort take to sort a list of integers?
What is the minimum amount of time required to solve a given problem?
Analyzing a particular algorithm falls under what field?
What are the upper and lower bounds of an algorithm to classify the computation time?
What does one need to show only that there is a particular algorithm with running time at most T(n)?
Lower bounds make a statement about what that solves a given problem?
What hides constant factors and smaller terms?
What does the big O notation hide?
What would one write if T(n) = 7n2 + 15n + 40?
The big O notation makes the bounds independent of the specific details of what?
What type of classes have complicated definitions that do not fit into this framework?
What do some complexity classes not fit into?
What do some complexity classes have that do not fit into this framework?
bounding the computation time above by some concrete function f(n) often yields complexity classes that depend on what?
How can the language xx | x is any binary string be solved on a multi-tape Turing machine?
The language 'xx | x is any binary string' requires quadratic time in what model?
What states that the time complexities in any two reasonable and general models of computation are polynomially related?
What is the set of decision problems solvable by a deterministic Turing machine within polynomial time?
What are some important complexity classes of decision problems defined by bounding?
How can many important complexity classes be defined?
What can be defined by bounding the time or space used by the algorithm?
What are other important complexity classes?
What type of circuits are used to define AC and NC?
What type of Turing machines are used in BQP and QMA?
What is an important complexity class of counting problems?
IP and AM are defined using what type of proof systems?
What does relaxing the requirements on define a bigger set of problems?
Where is DTIME(n) contained?
What are the answer to time and space requirements?
What do the hierarchy theorems induce?
What can be made about how much more time or space is needed in order to increase the number of problems that can be solved?
What form the basis for most separation results of complexity classes?
The time and space hierarchy theorem tells us that P is strictly contained in what?
The space hierarchy theorem tells us that L is strictly contained in what?
What is a transformation of one problem into another problem called?
A reduction is a transformation of one problem into what?
What does a reduction do to a problem if it is no more difficult than Y?
What are two types of reductions based on the method of reduction?
What is a type of reduction based on?
What is the most commonly used reduction?
What can the problem of squaring an integer be reduced to?
What does a polynomial-time reduction take?
What can be given to both inputs of the multiplication algorithm?
What is the same input to both inputs of the algorithm for multiplying two integers?
What does the notion of hard problems depend on?
How is a problem X hard for a class of problems C?
An algorithm for X allows us to do what?
What is the set of problems that are hard for NP?
What class of problems contains the most difficult problems in NP?
What class of problems contains the most difficult problems in NP?
What does being able to reduce a known NP-complete problem, 2, to another problem, 1 indicate?
What class of problems contains the most difficult problems in NP?
What is often seen as a mathematical abstraction modeling those computational tasks that admit an efficient algorithm?
What is the hypothesis that the complexity class P is a mathematical abstraction modeling computational tasks that admit an efficient algorithm called?
The Boolean satisfiability problem, the Hamiltonian path problem, and the vertex cover problem are problems in what class?
What is an example of a problem that people would like to solve efficiently but for which no efficient algorithm is known?
What are special non-deterministic Turing machines?
If P equals NP, many important problems can be shown to have what?
What is one of the most important open questions in theoretical computer science?
How much is the prize for resolving the P versus NP problem?
Who showed that if P  NP then there are problems in NP that are neither in P nor NP-complete?
What are problems in NP that are neither in P nor NP-complete called?
What is an example of a NP-intermediate problem?
What is the computational problem of determining whether two finite graphs are isomorphic?
What is another name for NP-intermediate?
What collapses to its second level if graph isomorphism is NP-complete?
If graph isomorphism is NP-complete, the polynomial time hierarchy collapses to what level?
Who created the best algorithm for the graph isomorphism problem?
What is the computational problem of determining the prime factorization of a given integer?
The integer factorization problem is the problem of deciding whether the input has a factor less than what?
What is the RSA algorithm?
What is the best known algorithm for integer factorization?
What has not been proved about many known complexity classes?
What is an example of a known complexity class that has not been proved?
What are many known complexity classes?
What would be a major breakthrough in complexity theory?
What is the class containing the complement problems?
What is the term for problems with the yes/no answers of NP problems?
Is NP equal to co-NP?
What has been shown if the two complexity classes are not equal?
What is the set of all problems that can be solved in logarithmic space called?
Is the set of all problems that can be solved in logarithmic space contained in or equal to P?
What type of classes are there between NL and NC?
What are two examples of complexity classes?
What is not known about the complexity classes between NL and NC?
What are problems that can be solved in theory but take too long for their solutions to be useful called?
What is unusable in practice?
What kind of problems are intractable if NP is not the same as P?
What decision problem has been shown not to be in P?
What has been done to solve the decision problem in Presburger arithmetic?
What problem can algorithms solve in less than quadratic time?
How long does it take to solve the NP-complete knapsack problem?
What do SAT solvers routinely handle large instances of?
How was the definition of Turing machines developed?
Who created the definition of Turing machines in 1936?
What was the most influential definition of a computer by Alan Turing in 1936?
When was Alan Turing's definition of Turing machines made?
What did Alan Turing's definition of Turing machines simplify?
What is the name of the seminal paper by Juris Hartmanis and Richard Stearns?
Who wrote "On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms"?
When was the paper "On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms" published?
The paper "On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms" laid out the definitions of what types of complexity?
When was the paper "On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms" published?
Who wrote the definition of linear bounded automata?
When was Raymond Smullyan's study of rudimentary sets published?
Who wrote a paper on real-time computations in 1962?
Some proofs of complexity-theoretic theorems regularly assume some concrete choice of what?
Some proofs of complexity-theoretic theorems often assume some concrete choice of what?
Who developed the speed-up theorem?
What was the name of the axiomatic complexity theory developed by Manuel Blum?
What was the name of Richard Karp's 1972 paper?
How many diverse combinatorial and graph theoretical problems were shown to be NP-complete in 1972?
What is a lesson plan called?
What is the science of teaching?
Where must a person who wishes to become a teacher obtain specified professional qualifications?
What do teachers use to facilitate student learning?
Where is the role of teacher usually carried out?
What does a teacher's role vary among?
Along with literacy, what is an example of a teacher's role?
Along with literacy and numeracy, vocational training, the arts, religion, civics, community roles, or life skills, what is a teacher's role?
What type of skills are taught by a teacher?
Who can assist a teacher occupying a transient or ongoing role?
How can formal education take place in some countries?
What type of education can take place through home schooling in some countries?
What type of role does a teacher occupy?
Who can assist with informal learning in a wider community setting?
What type of teachers may teach the Quran?
What type of texts can religious and spiritual teachers teach?
What religious texts do gurus, mullahs, rabbis, pastors/youth pastors and lamas teach?
What are gurus, mullahs, rabbis, pastors/youth pastors and lamas?
What is it called when teaching is carried out informally within the family?
Who may carry out formal teaching?
What is another name for CPA?
Where can teaching be carried out informally?
Who may carry out formal teaching?
What can a teacher help with outside of the classroom?
What type of activities may a teacher supervise?
What can a teacher supervise outside of the classroom?
Who may accompany students on field trips, supervise study halls, and serve as supervisors for extracurricular activities?
What do governments operate around the world to instill, preserve and update the professional standing of teachers?
Why are teacher's colleges established?
What is the purpose of a teacher's college?
Who are a variety of bodies designed to instill, preserve and update the knowledge and professional standing of?
What do teacher's colleges enforce?
Who are complaints investigated by a teacher's colleges?
What are hearings conducted into in a teacher's colleges?
Who is responsible for setting out clear standards of practice?
Who is responsible for setting out clear standards of practice?
Who is responsible for setting out clear standards of practice?
Where can a teacher facilitate student learning?
What is a teacher who teaches on an individual basis called?
In what type of school does a teacher facilitate student learning?
What do teachers do in education?
In addition to a formal approach to learning, what type of approach is used?
What are different ways to teach?
What do teachers accompany students on outside of the classroom?
What has begun to shape the way teachers approach their roles in the classroom?
What technology has begun to shape the way teachers approach their roles in the classroom?
What is the objective of a teacher?
Who determines the standardized curricula of a teacher?
What type of disabilities may a teacher interact with?
What age can a teacher interact with students?
What type of curricula does a teacher follow?
What does teaching using pedagogy involve assessing the educational levels of the students on?
What is the bulk of learning in a teacher's classroom?
What does a teacher do to timid students?
What does a teacher do to the cocky?
Who uses the whole gamut of psychology to get each new class of rookies off the bench and into the game?
What is the most significant difference between primary and secondary school teaching?
What will a teacher teach a class in primary schools?
Who will teach the children in secondary schools?
What type of school has a teacher who stays with the class for most of the week?
What type of parent is a primary school teacher?
What is a "platoon" system?
What is another name for primary education?
How do students derive a strong sense of security?
What is the advantage of a "platoon" system?
In what country is the "platoon" system used?
What is the term for two or more teachers working harmoniously to fulfill the needs of every student in the classroom?
How many teachers are involved in co-teaching?
What does co-teaching focus on?
How do two or more teachers work to fulfill the needs of every student in the classroom?
What does co-teaching provide a student that allows them to reach their full cognitive potential?
What was the most common form of school discipline?
What was a teacher expected to act as while a child was in school?
What was open to a substitute parent while a child was in school?
What form of school discipline was corporal punishment?
When was corporal punishment most common?
How common was corporal punishment in the past?
Where has corporal punishment been banned?
Where is corporal punishment still lawful?
Who ruled that paddling did not violate the US Constitution?
What did corporal punishment cause a student to do?
How many US states have banned corporal punishment?
Which US state banned corporal punishment?
Is corporal punishment still used in some public schools?
What is used to administer corporal punishment in American schools?
Where is corporal punishment usually given in American schools?
What is the official method of corporal punishment in some Asian, African and Caribbean countries?
Where is official corporal punishment still commonplace in schools?
What is the most common form of corporal punishment in some Asian, African and Caribbean countries?
What is one of the most common punishments in schools?
What is one of the most common punishments in schools?
Where is detention most common?
How do students sit during detention?
What do students usually have to write during detention?
What type of teacher is a modern example of school discipline in North America and Western Europe?
What is positive reinforcement balanced with?
What defines what is appropriate and inappropriate behavior?
What is seen as falling outside of what constitutes reasonable discipline?
What are teachers expected to do to their students?
Who advocated a more assertive and confrontational style of discipline?
What country combines strict discipline with high standards of education?
What do many problems with modern schooling stem from?
What type of discipline do some teachers and parents advocate?
What country has a higher average attainment on standardized tests than Western countries?
What country has a higher average attainment on standardized tests than Western countries?
What country has a higher average attainment on standardized tests than Western countries?
What country has a higher average attainment on standardized tests than Western countries?
What is the typical school class size?
Maintaining order in the classroom can divert the teacher from what?
What type of students may teachers focus their attention on?
What types of students may teachers ignore?
What type of students may teachers focus their attention on?
What do Sudbury model democratic schools claim can maintain order more effectively?
Sudbury model democratic schools claim that popularly based authority can maintain order more effectively than dictatorial authority for whom?
What is the atmosphere of Sudbury model democratic schools?
What do Sudbury model democratic schools claim about the preservation of public order?
What do the proponents of Sudbury model democratic schools argue a school has?
What type of teacher can affect a positive learning experience towards the course materials?
What do teachers who have a positive disposition towards the course content transfer to receptive students?
What do teachers who have a positive disposition towards the course content tend to transfer their passion to receptive students?
How do students rate enthusiastic teachers?
Recent research has found a correlation between what and students' intrinsic motivation to learn and vitality in the classroom?
What did students who had a very enthusiastic teacher do outside of the classroom?
What type of expressions result in college students reporting higher levels of intrinsic motivation to learn?
What type of studies have shown a correlation between teacher enthusiasm and college students' intrinsic motivation to learn?
What is the effect of nonverbal expressions of enthusiasm on college students' intrinsic motivation to learn?
Enthusiastic teachers may lead to students becoming what in their own learning process?
What may facilitate higher levels of intrinsic motivation?
What is the term used to describe the process by which students become more intrinsically motivated by catching onto the enthusiasm and energy of a teacher?
What may contribute to a classroom atmosphere full of energy and enthusiasm?
What are student motivation and attitudes towards school closely linked to?
Enthusiastic teachers are particularly good at creating what kind of relations with their students?
What does academic success include?
What must a teacher guide his student in?
What are closely linked to student-teacher relationships?
What kind of teachers are students likely to build stronger relations with?
What kind of teachers are students likely to build stronger relations with?
What do effective teachers spend more time doing?
What type of teachers are those that spend more time interacting and working directly with students perceived as?
What is the most important aspect of teacher enthusiasm?
What must a teacher be about the subject they are teaching?
A spark in a teacher may create a spark of excitement in whom?
An enthusiastic teacher has the ability to be what in a student's life?
What is the most important aspect of teacher enthusiasm?
What type of misconduct by teachers has been getting more scrutiny?
What percentage of students claim to have received unwanted sexual attention from an adult associated with education?
In what country does the American Association of University Women report that 9.6% of students claim to have received unwanted sexual attention from an adult associated with education?
When do students claim to have received unwanted sexual attention from an adult associated with education?
What organization conducted a study on teachers?
In what country did a study show a 0.3% prevalence of sexual abuse by any professional?
What types of professionals were included in the study?
How many young people were included in the AAUW study?
What study posed questions about fourteen types of sexual harassment and various degrees of frequency?
Where has Debra LaFave, Pamela Rogers, and Mary Kay Letourneau caused increased scrutiny on teacher misconduct?
What has the cases of Debra LaFave, Pamela Rogers, and Mary Kay Letourneau caused?
What has led to some men who enjoy teaching avoiding the profession?
Who is the general secretary of the National Association of Schoolmasters Union of Women Teachers?
What groups have been outraged by the statutory rape prosecution?
What has the fear of being labelled a pedophile or hebephile led to in some jurisdictions?
What did Chris Keates say teachers who have sex with pupils over the age of consent should not be placed on?
What can negatively impact teachers' mental and physical health, productivity, and students' performance?
What type of hours can cause stress for teachers?
What are teachers at high risk for?
What can negatively impact teachers' mental and physical health, productivity, and students' performance?
What can negatively impact teachers' mental and physical health, productivity, and students' performance?
What percentage of teachers in the UK experienced occupational stress in 2000?
In what country did a 2000 study find that 42% of teachers experienced occupational stress?
What is the rate of occupational stress in the UK for teachers?
In what year did a study find that teachers experienced double the rate of anxiety, depression, and stress than average workers?
What did a 2012 study find that teachers experienced double the rate of anxiety, depression, and stress?
How many ways are there to mitigate the occupational hazards of teaching?
What is one way to mitigate the occupational hazards of teaching?
What can be used to relieve occupational stress among teachers?
What can organizational interventions help reduce?
What is one way to mitigate the occupational hazards of teaching?
In almost all countries, where are teachers educated?
What do governments require before they can teach in a school?
What is earned after completion of high school?
What do many educational institutions in the US require that prospective teachers pass to be able to teach in classroom?
What country requires that prospective teachers pass a background check and psychiatric evaluation?
Who is responsible for education in Australia?
How many tiers does education in Australia follow?
What is another term for universities and/or TAFE colleges?
What is tertiary education in Australia?
What is the primary type of education in Australia?
What does teaching in Canada require?
What is required to become a qualified teacher in Canada?
Who finances a private school in Canada?
Who are the teachers in Germany?
What are special university classes in Germany called?
What is the German name for elementary schools?
What do salaries for teachers depend on?
What is the name of the higher level secondary schools in Germany?
What is given for teaching through the Irish language, in a Gaeltacht area or on an island?
What is the basic pay for a starting teacher?
What is the starting pay for a teacher with 25 years service?
What is the average salary for a principal of a large school in Ireland?
Who are teachers required to be registered with?
What section of the Teaching Council Act 2001 states that a person employed in a recognised teaching post who is not registered with the Teaching Council may not be paid from Oireachtas funds?
When was the Teaching Council Act passed?
What may a person employed in a recognised teaching post who is not registered with the Teaching Council not be paid from?
When was Garda vetting introduced for new entrants to the teaching profession?
Who has Garda vetting been introduced for?
How will existing staff be vetted?
Who can not be appointed or engaged by the school in any capacity including in a voluntary role?
What was the average salary for Nursery, Primary and Secondary School teachers in September 2007?
What are some of the factors that can cause salaries to go much higher?
How much does a Preschool teacher earn annually?
What must a teacher in a state have?
When did salaries range from £20,133 to £41,004?
What do many counties offer to attract people into teaching?
What type of positions are offered by alternative licensing programs?
How will opportunities vary by geographic area and subject taught?
What are expected as retirements, especially among secondary school teachers, outweigh slowing enrollment growth?
What type of teachers are expected to have excellent job opportunities?
Who must anyone wishing to teach in Scotland be registered with?
What does the GTCS stand for?
How many Scottish Universities offer Initial Teacher Education courses?
What does the GTCS give to graduates who complete Initial Teacher Education?
When is Provisional Registration raised to Full Registration status?
When did the salary year for unpromoted teachers in Scotland begin?
How much did unpromoted teachers in Scotland earn for a Probationer?
How much did unpromoted teachers in Scotland earn after 6 years teaching?
What do unpromoted teachers in Scotland do as they complete the modules?
What can teachers in Scotland be registered members of?
In what country is Welsh used as the main medium of instruction?
What language is used by a significant number of students in Wales?
How old are Welsh lessons compulsory for?
How many classes in maintained primary schools used Welsh as the sole or main medium of instruction?
Who has access to Welsh medium education?
What are ATL, NUT and NASUWT?
What is the average age of teachers in Wales?
When did attacks on teachers in Welsh schools reach an all-time high?
What are ATL, NUT and NASUWT?
What is the growing cause of attacks on teachers in Welsh schools?
Who determines the requirements for getting a license to teach in public schools?
How long can a license to teach in public schools last?
What are public school teachers required to have?
What type of schools do not require their teachers to be certified?
What organization sets standards for qualified teachers in charter schools?
How were teachers paid in the past?
What has improved in recent years?
What are teachers who earn more than those with a standard bachelor's degree and certificate?
What type of teachers had the lowest median salary?
What is the name of the website that allows teachers to sell their lesson plans?
How many forms of religious teachers are there in Christianity?
What is another name for Non-Denominational?
Does the Pope of Rome have a Confessor?
What are the three major traditions of Christianity?
What is the name of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints?
Who can fill the role of spiritual teacher in the LDS Church?
What type of teacher has little in common with the Aaronic priesthood?
Who provides spiritual guidance to a family in the LDS Church?
Who are LDS Church representatives expected to defer to when in their home?
What is the name of the spiritual teacher in Hinduism?
How high is the emphasis on spiritual mentorship in Hinduism?
Who do gurus often exercise a great deal of control over in Hinduism?
In what region of Hinduism is the emphasis on spiritual mentorship particularly high?
What are the teachers of Dharma in Tibet most commonly called?
What is a Tulku?
What is a Lama who consciously determined to be reborn called?
How many times has a Lama consciously determined to be reborn?
How has a Lama consciously determined to be reborn?
What is another term for a teacher?
What is another term for a teacher?
What is the more spiritual or mystical Islamic tradition?
What is another term for an esoteric teacher?
What is the name of the highest living saints in Islam?
What was Martin Luther's nationality?
When did Martin Luther die?
What church did Martin Luther reject?
What did Martin Luther dispute the claim that freedom could be purchased with money?
What did the Pope do to Martin Luther?
What did Luther teach that salvation is received as?
What did Luther believe was a free gift of God's grace?
Who did Luther challenge in his theology?
What is the only source of divinely revealed knowledge from God?
What did Luther consider all baptized Christians to be?
What book was translated into the vernacular?
What version of the German language did Paul VI's translation of the Bible lead to?
What English translation of the Bible did he translate?
What did Paul VI's hymns influence?
What did his marriage to Katharina von Bora allow?
When was Martin Luther born?
Where was Martin Luther born?
What empire was Saxony a part of?
What religion was Martin Luther baptized as?
What was the profession of Martin Luther's eldest son?
What university did Feynman go to at the age of 19?
What was the University of Erfurt described as?
How often did Napoleon wake up every morning at the University of Erfurt?
What did he call his day at the University of Erfurt?
When did Napoleon receive his master's degree?
What school did Luther drop out of?
Why did Luther drop out of law school?
What was Luther drawn to when he dropped out of law school?
How did Luther test himself?
What did Luther feel was more important to him than reason?
What did Luther tell his father he was terrified of?
When did a lightning bolt strike Luther?
What was the name of Luther's cloister?
What did one friend blame Luther's decision to enter the cloister on?
What did Luther's father consider to be a waste?
What order did Luther dedicate himself to?
What did Luther describe the period of his life as?
What did Luther make of Christ?
Who was Luther's superior?
What did von Staupitz teach that true repentance does not involve self-inflicted penances and punishments?
When was he ordained to the priesthood?
Who was the first dean of the University of Wittenberg?
When did von Staupitz send Luther to teach theology?
When did von Staupitz receive a bachelor's degree in Biblical studies?
What book did von Staupitz give him a bachelor's degree in?
When was he awarded his Doctor of Theology?
When was he received into the senate of the theological faculty of the University of Wittenberg?
What position was he called to at the University of Wittenberg?
Where did Popper receive his Doctor of Theology?
What position did Popper receive on October 19, 1512?
When was Johann Tetzel sent to Germany to sell indulgences?
What did Johann Tetzel raise money to do in Rome?
Who sent Johann Tetzel to Germany to sell indulgences?
What did the Roman Catholic Church state that justification depends on?
What did the Roman Catholic Church state that justification depends on?
When did Luther write to his bishop, Albert of Mainz, protesting the sale of indulgences?
Who was Luther's bishop in 1517?
What was the name of Luther's disputation of Martin Luther on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences?
Who wrote that Luther saw his disputation as a scholarly objection to church practices?
Which of the theses asks why does the pope build the basilica of St. Peter with the money of poor believers?
Who was attributed to the saying "As soon as the coin in the coffer rings, the soul from purgatory springs?"
What did Johann Tetzel say 'the soul from purgatory' rings?
Who objected to a saying attributed to Johann Tetzel?
Who was attributed to the saying "As soon as the coin in the coffer rings, the soul from purgatory springs?"
Who did Paul VI believe was the only one to grant forgiveness?
What did Paul VI believe indulgences gave Christians?
What did Paul VI believe indulgences absolved buyers from?
What did Paul VI say Christians must not slacken in following Christ on account of?
Who did Paul VI believe was in error when he said indulgences absolved buyers from all punishments?
Who said that indulgences for the living were in line with Catholic dogma of the time?
What was Tetzel's saying about indulgences a reflection of?
What was Tetzel's teaching on indulgences for the living in line with Catholic dogma of the time?
What was Tetzel's teaching on indulgences for the dead in line with Catholic dogma of the time?
What is one of the pillars of history that has little foundation in truth?
What is one of the pillars of history that has little foundation in truth?
Whose comments are the story of the posting on the door based on?
What was Philipp Melanchthon's location at the time of the posting on the door?
What does the story of the posting on the door have?
When did friends of Luther translate the 95 Theses from Latin into German?
What was the controversy about the 95 Theses aided by?
Who translated the 95 Theses from Latin into German?
How long did it take for copies of the 95 Theses to spread throughout Germany?
How long did it take for copies of the 95 Theses to spread throughout Europe?
When did Luther's writings reach France, England, and Italy?
Who thronged to Wittenberg to hear Luther speak?
When did Luther publish a short commentary on Galatians and his Work on the Psalms?
When were three of Luther's best-known works published?
Which of Luther's best-known works was published in 1520?
What did Luther do from 1510 to 1520?
What terms did Luther use by the Catholic Church?
What did Luther think the Catholic church was?
What did Luther believe the Catholic church had lost sight of?
What was the most important doctrine for Luther?
Who did Luther come to understand justification as entirely the work of?
When was the publication On the Bondage of the Will published?
What was faith for Luther?
Where did Luther explain his concept of justification?
What did Luther say the just person in the Bible did?
What was Luther's first point that became the foundation for the Reformation?
What was Luther's first point that became the foundation for the Reformation?
What did Luther rail against?
How many points did Luther's rediscovery of "Christ and His salvation" become the foundation for the Reformation?
Who did not reply to Luther's letter containing the 95 Theses?
Where did Archbishop Albrecht send the 95 Theses to?
What did Albrecht need the revenue from the indulgences to pay off for his tenure of more than one bishopric?
How much of the money was to go to the building of St Peter's Church in Rome?
When were the 95 Theses checked for heresy?
Who was used to reformers and heretics?
What did Pope Leo X deploy against Luther?
When did Luther say he did not consider the papacy part of the biblical Church?
What did Luther believe about the papacy?
What did Cajetan want to do if Luther did not recant?
When did Karl von Miltitz adopt a more conciliatory approach?
What did the papal nuncio promise to the Saxon if he opposed Luther?
Who was determined to expose Luther's doctrine in a public forum?
What was Luther's boldest assertion in the debate?
What did Eck call Luther?
When did the Pope warn Luther of his risk of excommunication?
What did Luther have to do to avoid being excommunicated?
How long did Luther have to recante 41 sentences from his writings?
Who was the papal nuncio that tried to broker a solution to Luther's excommunication?
When was Luther excommunicated?
Who enforced the ban on the 95 Theses?
When did Luther appear before the Diet of Worms?
What was the Diet of Worms a general assembly of?
Who presiding over the Diet of Worms?
Who was the Elector of Saxony?
Who was the assistant of the Archbishop of Trier?
Who was Johann Eck's assistant?
What did Eck ask Luther to do with the books?
When did Luther give his answer to the second question?
What did Luther do when Eck asked if he was the author of the books?
What did Luther do at the end of his speech?
What did Luther raise his arm in the traditional salute of?
Who considers Luther's speech a "world classic of epoch-making oratory"?
What did Michael Mullett consider Luther's speech to be?
What did Luther refuse to do?
Who refused to recant his writings?
How were the words inserted before "May God help me" recorded in witness accounts of the speech?
What type of words did Mullett believe Luther would choose?
What was held to determine Luther's fate?
When was the final draft of the Edict of Worms presented?
Who presented the final draft of the Edict of Worms?
What did the draft of the Edict of Worms require of Luther?
What did the Edict of Worms allow anyone to do without legal consequence?
What was planned on Luther's return to Wittenberg?
Where was Luther escorted to security?
What did Luther call his stay at Wartburg?
What did Luther translate from Greek into German?
What did Luther do to Archbishop Albrecht of Mainz?
What did Luther argue that every good work designed to attract God's favor is?
What is God's grace?
When did Luther write to Melanchthon?
What did Luther say to Melanchthon on August 1, 1521?
What did Luther say this life was not a place where?
When did Luther widened his target from individual pieties to doctrines at the heart of Church practices?
What did Luther do with the idea that the Mass is a sacrifice?
In On the Abrogation of the Private Mass, what did Luther say the mass was?
What did Luther encourage in his essay On Confession, Whether the Pope has the Power to Require?
What did Luther assure monks and nuns they could do without sin?
What did Luther place the foundations of the Reformation on?
When did Luther deal largely with prophecy?
What books did Luther focus on the Little Horn?
What prophecy was Luther centered on?
What was identified as the power of the Papacy in 2 Thessalonians 2?
Who supported Andreas Karlstadt?
When did Andreas Karlstadt embark on a radical programme of reform at Wittenberg?
What did the reforms provoke at Wittenberg?
What group of visionary zealots arrived in Wittenberg in 1521?
Who asked Luther to return to Wittenberg?
When did Luther return to Wittenberg?
What did Luther say he could repair Satan's ravages by?
What did Luther do on Invocavit Sunday, 9 March?
What were the eight sermons Luther preached on Invocavit Sunday, 9 March?
What did Luther remind the citizens to do instead of violence?
What was the effect of Luther's intervention?
What Wittenberg jurist wrote to the elector after the sixth sermon?
When did Luther intervene?
What did Jerome Schurf feel about Dr. Martin's return?
What type of people did Dr. Martin's words bring back every day?
What did Luther work alongside the authorities to restore?
What type of force was Luther?
Who did Luther banishe?
What did reformers threaten the new order by fomenting?
Who did Luther have to fight against after banishing the Zwickau prophets?
What was Thomas Müntzer's profession?
What war was initiated by Nicholas Storch and Thomas Müntzer?
When was the German Peasants' War?
What did many peasants believe Luther would do in the German Peasants' War?
What did many peasants believe Luther would support an attack on?
What did Luther remind the aggrieved to obey?
When did Luther become enraged at the burning of convents, monasteries, bishops' palaces, and libraries?
What did Luther call the nobles to put down the rebels?
What did Luther call the violence in Thuringia?
Who did Luther call to put down the rebels?
How did Luther justify his opposition to the rebels?
Why did Luther oppose the rebels?
Who appointed all authorities in Romans 13:1-7?
What doctrine did St. Paul write in his epistle to the Romans 13:1-7?
How did the peasants deserve death?
What did Luther not have?
Who defeated the rebels at the Battle of Frankenhausen?
When was the Battle of Frankenhausen?
What occurred at the Battle of Frankenhausen?
Who flourished in Luther's Reformation?
Who did Martin Luther marry?
Where were the nuns smuggled out of the Nimbschen Cistercian convent?
How old was Katharina when she married Martin Luther?
How old was Luther when he married Katharina von Bora?
When did Martin Luther marry Katharina von Bora?
On what date was Elizabeth engaged to Johannes Bugenhagen?
On what day was the wedding banquet held?
What event did Bugenhagen leave out?
When was the wedding banquet and ceremonial walk to the church made up?
Who was engaged to Elizabeth on June 13, 1525?
What did Luther's wedding set on clerical marriage?
What did Luther's wedding set the seal of approval on?
Why did Luther condemn celibacy?
What was Luther's daily expectation of wedlock?
What did Melanchthon call Luther's decision to marry?
What was the name of the former monastery where Luther and his wife lived?
What was "The Black Cloister"?
How many children did Luther and his wife have?
What did Luther say he would not exchange his poverty for?
How did Katharina help the couple earn a living?
What was Luther's Biblical ideal?
What did Luther establish from 1525 to 1529?
What did Luther lay down for worship service?
What did Luther write a clear summary of the new faith in?
What type of thought did Luther have?
What did Luther avoid to avoid confusion or upsetting the people?
What did Luther focus on the church in?
What did Luther act as to churches in new territories?
Who was the new elector of Saxony?
What did Martin Brecht say was the beginning of a questionable and originally unintended development?
When did Luther publish his German Mass?
What did Luther write a German Mass to replace?
Who did Luther want the German Mass to be an alternative to?
What did Luther omit from his German Mass?
What did Luther make optional in his German Mass?
When did the Electorate of Saxony begin?
When did Luther introduce the new order of worship?
Along with pastoral care, what did the Electorate of Saxony assess?
What did Luther say the common people knew nothing about?
What did Luther say many pastors were?
What did Luther create to impart the basics of Christianity to the congregations?
When did Luther write the Large Catechism?
Who was the Large Catechism written for?
Who memorised the Small Catechism?
What did Luther incorporate in the catechism?
What is one of Luther's most personal works?
How did Luther plan to collect his writings?
What is one of Luther's most personal works?
What has earned a reputation as a model of clear religious teaching?
What did Luther translate from the Small Catechism?
What did Luther use to help parents teach their children?
What was effective for pastors?
What language did Luther use to express the Apostles' Creed?
What did Luther depict the Trinity as to be known?
Where does Salvation originate?
When did Luther publish his German translation of the New Testament?
When was the Old Testament translated?
What did Luther and his collaborators complete in 1534?
What word did Luther insert after "faith" in Romans 3:28?
What did Luther say when he was criticised for inserting the word "alone" after "faith" in Romans 3:28?
Where was the variant of German spoken?
What parts of German were able to understand Luther's translation of the Bible?
Who did Luther want to make the Bible accessible to?
How did Luther want to make the Bible accessible to everyday Germans?
What did Luther remove from his translation of the Bible to make it accessible to everyday Germans?
What was the Luther Bible published at a time of rising demand?
What did Luther's version of the Bible become popular and influential?
What did Luther's version make a significant contribution to?
Who made the woodcuts for Luther's version of the Bible?
Who wrote the King James Bible?
What did Luther do with Psalm 46 and "Vom Himmel hoch, da komm ich her"?
What did Luther connect with all classes, clergy and laity, men, women and children?
What did Luther use to connect with worship, school, home, and the public arena?
What instrument did Luther accompany the sung hymns with?
What was the lute called that became a national instrument of Germany in the 20th century?
What caused Luther to write the hymn "Ein neues Lied wir heben an"?
Why were Johann Esch and Heinrich Voes martyred?
What hymn did Luther write after the execution of Johann Esch and Heinrich Voes?
Who translated the hymn "Flung to the Heedless Winds" into English?
What is the title of Luther's hymn?
When was the creedal hymn "Wir glauben all an einen Gott" written?
What did Luther's 1529 three-part explanation of in the Small Catechism prefigure?
Where was Luther's 1529 three-part explanation of the Apostles' Creed found?
What was Luther's hymn adapted from?
Why do 20th century Lutherans rarely use the hymn?
When was Luther's version of the Lord's Prayer published?
Where did Luther explain the Lord's Prayer?
What did the 1538 version of the Lord's Prayer allow Luther to examine candidates on?
What did Luther do with the 1538 version of the Lord's Prayer?
What did other 16th and 20th century versifications of the Lord's Prayer adopt?
When did Luther write "Aus tiefer Not schrei ich zu dir"?
What hymn did Luther write "Aus tiefer Not schrei ich to dir" as a hymnic version of?
What did Luther want to encourage his evangelical colleagues to do with Psalm 130?
What was the name of the first Lutheran hymnal?
What did the Reformation hymn express?
What was the main hymn for Advent?
What was the "Nun komm, der Heiden Heiland" based on?
What did Luther write for Advent?
How many hymns did Luther write on the Ten Commandments?
What did Luther call the Te Deum?
What did Luther ask in his Small Catechism?
Who wrote the hymn "To Jordan came the Christ our Lord?"
What is Psalm 67?
Who wrote the hymn "To Jordan came the Christ our Lord?"
Where was the Lutheran Reformation held in 1541?
Where were Luther's hymns included?
How many songs did Luther provide for the First Lutheran hymnal Achtliederbuch?
How many songs of the Erfurt Enchiridion did Luther provide?
How many songs were in the first choral hymnal?
Who was the setting for the first choral hymnal?
Who based chorale cantatas entirely on Luther's hymns?
What did Johann Sebastian Bach base entirely on the verses in his cantatas?
When was Christ lag in Todes Banden?
When was Bach's second annual cycle?
In what year did Wär Gott not with us this time, BWV 14 appear?
What did Luther believe a Christian's soul does after it is separated from the body in death?
What idea did Luther reject for the saints?
What did Luther believe that souls enter a prepared bedchamber in?
How did Luther view Purgatory?
What was the name of the book in which Luther affirmed the continuity of one's personal identity beyond death?
Who observed that Luther's teaching about the state of the Christian's soul after death differed from later Lutheran theologians?
Who was a later Lutheran theologian?
Who was a later Lutheran theologian?
When was Lessing born?
What Lutheran work contains a passage that concludes that the soul does not sleep?
Who argued that John Jortin misread Luther's Commentary on Genesis?
In what year did Francis Blackburne argue that John Jortin misread the passage from Luther?
Who pointed out in 1867 that it actually refers to the soul of a man tired from his daily labour?
What interrupts a man's sleep?
When did Philip I convoke an assembly of German and Swiss theologians at the Marburg Colloquy?
What was Philip I's title?
What was the goal of the Marburg Colloquy?
How many points of agreement were reached at the Marburg Colloquy?
The sacrament of the Lord's Supper was crucial to Luther on what issue?
What did theologians differ on the significance of at the Last Supper?
What did Luther insisted on the Real Presence of in the consecrated bread and wine?
What did Luther call the consecrated bread and wine?
What did opponents of the Last Supper believe God to be?
What did the debate between Luther and Zwingli sometimes become?
When was the Augsburg Confession signed?
What paved the way for the signing of the Augsburg Confession?
What league was formed after the Augsburg Confession?
Who did not sign the Augsburg Confession?
Who formed the Schmalkaldic League?
What did some scholars argue that Luther taught that faith and reason were?
What did Luther believe could not be illuminated by reason?
What does Luther believe reason does to faith?
What did Luther believe could not be illuminated by reason?
What was Luther's concern in separating faith and reason?
What did Luther write that discouraged mistreatment of the Jews?
What did Luther lose hope in as the Reformation continued?
Who did Luther discourage from mistreatment?
Who did Luther unleash venom on?
When was Von den Juden and theirn Lügen written?
What did Luther see the Turks as?
What did Luther see the Turks as a scourge sent to do?
What did Luther believe the Biblical apocalypse would do?
Who did Luther believe would be destroyed by the Biblical apocalypse?
What type of war did Luther urge the German people to wage against the Turks?
What did Luther read in 1542?
What was Mohammedanism?
What did Luther call Mohammedanism?
What did Luther see the Muslim faith as?
Why did Luther oppose banning the publication of the Qur'an?
What did Johannes Agricola's sermon reveal?
Who preached a sermon in which he claimed that God's gospel revealed God's wrath to Christians?
What did the theses assert that the law was only to be taught to Christians?
What did Luther do with the antinomians?
What book did Johannes Agricola write?
What does Luther call the use of the law as the Holy Spirit's tool to work sorrow over sin in man's heart?
What is the second use of the law?
What does Luther state that is used to work sorrow over sin is called the law?
What does refusing to preach the Ten Commandments do?
What does Luther believe the church consists of?
What does Luther believe the Ten Commandments teach a Christian?
What does Luther believe the Christian should follow in his or her vocations on a daily basis?
What is it called when the Ten Commandments are considered as an expression of God's eternal will?
What does Luther believe Christ's life is?
What does Luther believe the Christian should follow in his or her vocations on a daily basis?
What is the sacrament of the Ten Commandments?
What are the beginnings of the renewed life of Christians accorded to them by the sacrament of baptism?
What do the eschatological overtones of Luther's teaching direct the Christian to?
What did Philip I want to do with his wife's ladies-in-waiting?
What did Luther become implicated in for Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse?
Who did Philip want to marry?
What did Martin Brecht think history does for Luther?
What did the affair with Philip cause to Luther's reputation?
What did the local community do with Jews ninety years earlier?
What group did Luther write about throughout his career?
What did Luther think Jews were guilty of?
What did Luther think the Jews rejected?
What did Luther want to do with the Jews?
What was the name of Luther's 60,000-word treatise on the Jews and their Lies?
In what year was the treatise "On the Holy Name and the Lineage of Christ" published?
How long before Luther's death was the Holy Name and the Lineage of Christ published?
What did Luther argue the Jews were no longer the chosen people?
What did Robert Michael think Luther's words "We are at fault in not slaying them" amounted to?
Who did Luther speak out against in Saxony, Brandenburg, and Silesia?
Who did Josel of Rosheim blame for the Jews' plight?
What did Martin Luther say about those who helped the Jews in Saxony?
What did Josel want the city of Strasbourg to forbid the sale of?
When did riots lead to the expulsion of Jews from several German Lutheran states?
Who was the most widely read author of his generation?
What contributed significantly to the development of antisemitism in Germany?
What did Luther provide an ideal underpinning for in the 1930s and 1940s?
Who was the most widely read author of his generation?
What did the newspaper describe the first edition of On the Jews and their Lies as?
When did seven Protestant confederations issue a statement agreeing with the policy of forcing Jews to wear the yellow badge?
Whose bitter experience led to the seven Protestant confederations agreeing to force Jews to wear the yellow badge?
Who argued that Luther's writing was a "blueprint"?
Who published a compendium of Luther's writings shortly after Kristallnacht?
What did Bishop Martin Sasse call Luther?
What do some scholars see the Nazis' use of Luther's work as?
What caused Luther to become one of the 'church fathers' of anti-Semitism?
What did Luther become one of the 'church fathers' of anti-Semitism?
When were Luther's writings against the Jews largely ignored?
What was Luther's position on the Jews and Their Lies?
What lent a new element to the standard Christian suspicion of Judaism?
Who wrote that Luther established anti-Semitism as a key element of German culture and national identity?
What did Paul Rose say Luther caused about Jews to enter German thought and discourse?
Who used Luther's hostile publications towards the Jews and their Jewish religion to justify at least in part the anti-Semitic policies of the National Socialists?
What did a large number of German Lutheran clergy and theologians use to justify at least in part the anti-Semitic policies of the National Socialists?
What did Edwards believe was the cause of Luther's antisemitic views?
When did Luther's antisemitic views develop?
What did Luther deliberately use for effect?
What two groups did Luther diatribe against?
What book did Mark U. Edwards write?
When did Lutheran Church denominations repudiate Martin Luther's statements against the Jews?
What did Strommen et al.'s 1970 survey of 4,745 North American Lutherans find about Jews?
Who was the author of Hitler and Nazism?
What years did the elections for the Nazis take place?
What happened to Luther's health from 1531 to 1546?
What scandal led to Luther's health deteriorating?
What did Luther begin to suffer from in 1536?
What ruptured an ear drum in 1536?
What did Luther begin to feel in December 1544?
What made Luther short-tempered and harsher in his writings and comments?
What did Luther's poor physical health make him harsher in?
What did Luther's poor physical health make him do in his writings and comments?
Who was overheard saying "Dear husband, you are too rude"?
How many times did Luther preach in 1545 and 1546?
Where was Luther's last sermon delivered?
When was Luther's last sermon delivered?
Who was Luther's last sermon devoted to?
What was it a matter of great urgency to expel the obdurate Jews from?
What did Luther pray for the Jews?
Where was Luther's final journey?
What was Luther's second visit to Mansfeld to participate in?
When did Luther travel to Mansfeld twice?
When was the third visit to Mansfeld needed?
What was Luther's final journey to Mansfeld taken because of his concern for?
When did the negotiations between the Romans and the Catholics end?
What did Luther experience after 8 a.m.?
What is the common prayer of the dying?
What was the common prayer of Paul VI?
When did Luther wake up with more chest pain?
What deprived Luther of his speech?
When did he die?
When did he die?
Where was he buried?
Who held Luther's funeral?
What did Luther write on a piece of paper?
What language was Luther's last statement in?
What was Luther's last statement in German?
What was the size of Luther's image in the 1530s and 1540s?
What type of images were used to promote Protestantism in the 1530s and 1540s?
How was Luther shown in the 1530s and 1540s?
What was Luther's behavior a stark contrast to?
When were printed images of Luther crucial to the spread of Protestantism?
When is Luther honoured?
What is the name of the calendar in which Luther is commemorated?
When is Luther commemorated in the Church of England's Calendar of Saints?
Where is Luther commemorated on 31 October?
How is Luther commemorated in the Church of England's Calendar of Saints?
What is the abbreviation for Southern California?
How many counties are in Southern California?
What is Southern California a major for the state of California and the United States?
What are the "eight counties" based on?
What is Kern and San Luis Obispo counties based on?
What is one of the 11 megaregions of the United States?
How many megaregions are there in the US?
Along with Las Vegas and Tijuana, what state is part of the Southern California Megaregion?
What border does the Southern California Megaregion extend south into Tijuana?
Where does the Southern California Megaregion end?
Which coast does Southern California extend from Ventura to Greater San Diego?
How many metropolitan areas are in Southern California?
How many people live in the Los Angeles area?
What is the largest city in Southern California?
How many people live in the Greater Los Angeles area?
What river is east of the border with Arizona?
What is east of the border with Arizona?
What is the name of the desert at the border with Nevada?
What is to the south of the US border?
In what state is San Diego located?
What is the population of Los Angeles?
What is the most populous city in California?
What is the second most populous city in the US?
In what part of California is San Diego located?
What is the most populous county in California?
Where are the top 15 most populous counties in California?
What are the five most populous counties in California?
How many most populous counties are in California?
What are the five most populous counties in California?
What district of Los Angeles is associated with the motion picture industry?
Where is the motion picture, television, and music industry centered?
What company owns ABC?
Along with motion picture and television, what industry is centered on Los Angeles?
What company owns Universal, Warner Brothers, and Warner Brothers?
Along with surf, what sport is popular in Southern California?
Who is a famous professional skateboarder in Southern California?
Who is a professional snowboarder from Southern California?
What island is southern California second to in terms of famous surf breaks?
What is the name of the yacht race that takes place from Los Angeles to Hawaii?
What desert city is popular for its resort feel?
What is the main attraction of the southern California coast?
Which coast of California is popular with locals and tourists?
What is Palm Springs known for?
What is the latitude of California's north-south midway point?
How many miles away from San Jose is California's north-south midway point?
How many southern California counties are there?
Along with Point Conception, what mountain range is considered the northern boundary of southern California?
Along with southern California, what area of the state is usually divided into?
What country ruled California at the time?
Where did political disputes rage between the Californios of Monterey and Los Angeles?
What was the name of the upper part of Alta California?
What was the line that arranged the division of Alta California at 36 degrees, 30 minutes?
What kind of state was California admitted to the Union?
What were the Californios unhappy with?
What was the name of the lightly populated Counties of southern California?
How many times did Californios and pro-slavery southerners attempt to achieve a separate statehood in the 1850s?
What percentage of voters approved the Pico Act of 1859?
Who was the strong advocate of the Pico Act of 1859?
What newspaper defined southern California as including the seven counties?
When did the Los Angeles Times define southern California as including the seven counties?
When did the Los Angeles Times add a new county to the list?
What county did the Los Angeles Times add in 1999?
How many counties did the Los Angeles Times define southern California as having?
Who divides the state of California?
Along with the Automobile Club of Southern California, what AAA Auto Club chose to divide the state along the lines where their jurisdictions for membership apply?
How many regions does the AAA Auto Club of Southern California have?
What is the name of the transverse range in the state of California?
Along with the northern, central, and southern regions, what region of California is most commonly divided by regional tourism groups?
Where does Southern California rank in population among US megalopolis?
What has been left undeveloped in Southern California?
What type of community is southern California famous for?
Along with automobiles, what is southern California famous for?
What type of metropolitan area is San Diego-Tijuana?
What is the main gap to continued urbanization?
Temecula and Murrieta have as much connection with the San Diego metropolitan area as they do with what?
Who considers the San Bernardino and Riverside County areas as a separate metropolitan area from Los Angeles County?
What is the name of the county in which the San Bernardino-San Bernardino area is located?
When were the non-desert portions of San Bernardino and Riverside Counties developed?
What type of climate does Southern California have?
What type of rain does Southern California get?
What is the average temperature in Southern California in the summer?
Is snow rare in the Southwest of the state?
What is the average temperature in the winter in Southern California?
What ocean is Southern California located in?
What type of landscapes does Southern California have?
Along with geologic and natural ecosystem landscapes, what type of landscape does Southern California have?
Along with the Transverse, what ranges make up Southern California's peaks?
What type of landscapes are in Southern California?
How many earthquakes occur each year in southern California?
How large are the earthquakes in southern California?
What was the magnitude of the 1994 Northridge earthquake?
What did the 1994 Northridge earthquake cause the most of in U.S. history?
How much property damage was caused by the 1994 Northridge earthquake?
What fault can produce a magnitude 8.0 earthquake?
What is the magnitude of the San Andreas Fault?
What fault is able to produce a magnitude 6.7 earthquake?
Who has released a California Earthquake forecast?
What does the USGS model for earthquakes in California?
Along with culturally, politically and economically, how is Southern California divided?
What kind of recognition does a city have in Southern California?
What type of ally is Southern California?
In what year did southern California have a population of 22,680,010?
What reputation does southern California have?
What was the state average growth rate of southern California in the 2000s?
What type of economy is Sacramento?
What region of California has a stronger tech-oriented economy?
What is the name of the eight metropolitan areas in Southern California?
How many extended metropolitan areas are in Southern California?
How many people live in the Greater Los Angeles area?
El Centro and San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos are part of what metropolitan area?
How many people live in the Greater Los Angeles Area?
What is the largest city in all of California?
How many people live in San Diego?
How many cities in southern California have more than 200,000 residents?
How many people live in 34 cities in southern California?
Along with San Bernardino, what is one of the most developed cities in southern California?
What is Southern California's economy heavily dependent on?
Along with tourism, what industry is famous in Southern California?
What was Southern California a leader in from 2001-2007?
What is Southern California's economy?
How has the housing crash affected Southern California?
Motion pictures, petroleum and aircraft manufacturing have been major industries since what decade?
What type of agricultural region is the U.S.?
What is one of the richest agricultural regions in the U.S.?
What is one of the richest agricultural regions in the U.S.?
What industry continues to be a major factor in the U.S. economy?
What type of district is Southern California home to?
What does CBD stand for?
What is the name of the central business district in Southern California?
What type of district is Downtown Burbank?
Where are the major business districts located?
Where is Warner Center located?
Where are the major business districts located?
What type of districts does the San Bernardino-Riverside area maintain?
In what area of San Bernardino is the University Town located?
What is the name of the business district in Downtown San Bernardino?
What county is home to the South Coast Metro and Newport Center?
Where are international corporations headquartered in Irvine?
Where is the Jamboree Business Park?
Along with Newport Center and Downtown Santa Ana, what district is in Orange County?
How is Orange County developing?
What is the central business district of San Diego?
Where are most of the business districts of San Diego located?
Where are some of the business districts located in San Diego?
What is the central business district of San Diego?
What is the second busiest airport in the US by passenger volume?
What is Los Angeles International Airport the second busiest airport in the US by?
Where does Los Angeles International Airport rank in terms of international passenger volume?
What is the busiest single runway airport in the world?
What is the world's busiest general aviation airport?
What is the name of the commuter rail system?
How many lines of the Metrolink system run out of Downtown Los Angeles?
How many of the seven lines of Metrolink run out of Downtown Los Angeles?
What county does Metrolink connect to Los Angeles?
What is the busiest commercial port in the United States?
What is the US's second busiest container port?
What part of California is the Port of Los Angeles located in?
What is the moniker for the region's diversified technology and industrial base?
What type of universities are located on the Tech Coast?
What type of institution is Chapman University?
How many University of California campuses are in San Diego?
How many California State University campuses are in the Tech Coast?
What league are the Los Angeles Rams and San Diego Chargers in?
What league are the Los Angeles Lakers and Los Angeles Clippers in?
What league are the Los Angeles Dodgers, Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, San Diego Padres a part of?
What NHL team are the Anaheim Ducks?
What is the name of the MLS team in Southern California?
What team was suspended after the 2014 MLS season?
How many Major League Soccer teams played at the StubHub Center from 2005 to 2014?
When did the LA Galaxy and Chivas USA cease playing at the StubHub Center?
Where did the LA Galaxy play?
When is the second MLS team scheduled to return?
What type of sports are popular in southern California?
Which college has a longtime rivalry with the USC Trojans?
What is the name of the USC team that fields a team in the Pac-12 Conference?
What conference are the UCLA Bruins and USC Trojans in?
What division are the UCLA Bruins and USC Trojans in?
What is a growing sport in southern California?
At what level is rugby a growing sport in southern California?
What are increasing numbers of schools adding rugby as?
What was the UK's largest digital subscription television company?
What was the UK's largest digital subscription television company?
When did BSkyB acquire Sky Italia?
What was the new name of BSkyB's holding company?
What was the new name of BSkyB in the United Kingdom?
In what year was Setanta Sports awarded two of the six Premier League packages?
How many Premier League packages did Setanta Sports receive in 2006?
Which broadcaster's monopoly ended in the 2007-08 season?
How much did Sky pay for the remaining four Premier League packages?
What consortium was BSkyB excluded from being a part of?
What free-to-air replacement did BSkyB join?
How many BSkyB channels were available on Freeview before 2005?
Which of the three BSkyB channels was available on the Freeview platform prior to October 2005?
What was Sky Three re-branded as in 2011?
What did BSkyB initially charge additional fees for using with their service?
When did Sky launch a new TV advertising campaign targeting women?
What do customers who don't subscribe to BSkyB's channels have to pay to enable Sky+ functions?
When did BSkyB discontinue the Sky+ Box?
What did BSkyB begin to issue as standard?
What pay-TV scrambling system does BSkyB use?
Who owns the VideoGuard system?
What company owns NDS?
Who utilises the VideoGuard pay-TV scrambling system owned by NDS?
What is the name of the Personal video recorder?
What did Virgin Media remove from the network in March 2007?
When did BSkyB and Virgin Media become involved in a dispute over the carriage of Sky channels?
What did Virgin Media claim about BSkyB?
What type of content was not previously carried by cable?
What did BSkyB believe the new deal offered more value for the money?
When did the English High Court of Justice find that Microsoft's use of the term SkyDrive infringed on Sky's right to the "Sky" trademark?
When did the English High Court of Justice find that Microsoft's use of the term SkyDrive infringed on Sky's right to the "Sky" trademark?
What did Microsoft announce that SkyDrive would soon become?
What did SkyDrive Pro become in January 2014?
What did Microsoft rename its SkyDrive service?
Who was the chief executive officer of BSkyB in 1993?
What company's satellites did BSkyB broadcast on?
When did BSkyB's analogue service close?
What platform was used to expand BSkyB's analogue service?
How many households did BSkyB reach by mid-1994?
What is another name for Sky UK Limited?
What type of company is Sky UK Limited?
How many customers did Sky have in 2015?
What was the UK's most popular digital TV service?
What is the broadband router called in the Sky Q range?
What do the Sky Q Mini set top boxes connect to?
What does this allow all set top boxes in a household to do?
When will the Sky Q range of products and services be available?
When will the Sky Q range of products and services be available?
What are BSkyB's standard definition broadcasts in?
What is an optional soundtrack for recent films on Sky Movies and Sky Box Office?
What is the standard for Sky+ HD material?
Interactive services and 7-day EPG use what system?
What standard does most of the Sky+ HD material use?
When was Sky Digital launched?
What satellite did Sky use when it was launched in 1998?
What satellite allowed Sky to carry hundreds of television and radio channels?
How many television and radio channels could Sky carry?
What orbital position was the Astra 2A satellite located at when Sky Digital was launched?
When did BSkyB launch its HDTV service?
How many people registered to receive Sky+ HD?
Who was the manufacturer of the STB that BSkyB was having supply issues with?
How many customers had yet to receive the Sky+ HD service?
What was the total number of homes with Sky+HD?
When did BSkyB announce its intention to replace its three free-to-air digital terrestrial channels with four subscription channels?
When did Setanta Sports announce it would launch?
What type of channel did BSkyB want to replace its free-to-air channels with?
What did NTL's services re-brand as?
What sport did BSkyB want to replace its three free-to-air digital terrestrial channels with four subscription channels?
What are broadcasts that do not require a monthly subscription called?
What do some encrypted broadcasts not require?
What is the name of the receiver used to view the encrypted content?
What type of LNB is provided?
What service is the VideoGuard UK receiver dedicated to?
When were talks held for broadcast rights for the Premier League for a five-year period?
Who were the current rights holders of the Premier League broadcast rights?
How much did ITV offer to keep control of the Premier League broadcast rights in 1991?
Who did BSkyB join forces with to make a counter bid?
How much did BSkyB pay for the Premier League rights?
Who enforces open access to BSkyB's EPG?
What is the range of fees for access to BSkyB's EPG?
Does BSkyB have a veto over the presence of channels on their EPG?
Does BSkyB carry any control over the channel's content?
Does BSkyB carry any control over the channel's content?
When was BSkyB's digital service officially launched?
What was the name of BSkyB's digital service?
What is the name of BSkyB's interactive service branded Open?
Who did BSkyB compete with in 1998?
How many digiboxes were sold within 30 days?
When was Virgin Media re-branded from NTL:Telewest?
What company started to offer a high-definition television capable set top box in 2007?
What service did Virgin Media concentrate on carrying a modest selection of HD content?
What was the only linear HD channel offered by Virgin Media?
What did Virgin Media have an option to carry in the future?
How many homes did BSkyB's direct-to-home satellite service become available in 2010?
What was the target audience of BSkyB's direct-to-home satellite service?
When was BSkyB's direct-to-home satellite service first announced?
What percentage of households did BSkyB's direct-to-home satellite service reach in 2010?
Why did media commentators debate whether BSkyB's direct-to-home service could be reached?
What did Alec Shelbrooke propose to use to pay benefits and tax credits?
What could a "Welfare Cash Card" be used to buy?
What was the claim that a subscription to BSkyB was?
What was checked by the UK government's benefits agency in 2012?
What did the Daily Mail claim sports channels would betray?
What is the fixed annual carriage fee for BSkyB's channels?
Is there an indication that the new deal includes additional Video On Demand and High Definition content?
Who agreed to terminate all High Court proceedings against each other relating to the carriage of their respective basic channels?
Who previously offered Video On Demand and High Definition content?
Virgin Media and BSkyB agreed to terminate all High Court proceedings against each other relating to the carriage of what?
What is the economy of Victoria?
What is Victoria's GSP ranked in Australia?
What is Victoria's rank in terms of GSP per capita?
Where is the "sporting capital of Australia"?
What is the largest stadium in Australia?
What city has a strong legacy of Chinese miners?
Where were the Lambing Flat riots?
Where was a riot in 1857?
How many miners were killed by typhoid in 1854?
What were the conditions on the gold fields in Victoria?
What type of representation system did the Victorian Legislative Council adopt in 2006?
How many electorates did the State of Victoria have in 2006?
How many representatives were in each electorate?
How long is the term of the lower house members?
How often do elections for the Victorian Parliament take place?
What is Victoria's main political party?
What is Victoria's main political party?
What is Victoria's main political party?
Which party is strongest in inner Melbourne?
What party is strongest in Melbourne's working class western and northern suburbs?
What percentage of Victorians describe themselves as Christian?
What percentage of Victorians are Roman Catholic?
What is the largest non-Christian religion in Victoria?
How many members of Buddhism are there in Victoria?
What percentage of Victorians claim no religion?
Where is Victoria located in Australia?
How dense is Australia's state Victoria?
Where does Victoria rank among Australia's most populous states?
What is Australia's second-largest city?
How does Melbourne rank among Australia's largest cities?
What were the Aboriginal peoples in Victoria known as?
What year did Great Britain claim the Australian continent east of the 135th meridian east?
What colony was Victoria included in in 1788?
Where was the first settlement in Victoria?
When was the first settlement in Victoria?
How much Victorian farmland is sown for grain?
What percentage of Victorian farmland is sown for wheat?
How much Victorian farmland is sown for grain?
What percentage of Australian pears are produced by Victorian farms?
How many tonnes of tomatoes were produced in Victorian last year?
When was Victoria's written constitution enacted?
What is the Victoria Constitution Act based on?
Who can amend the Victorian Constitution?
What is the only provision that can be amended by the Parliament of Victoria?
What is the Victorian constitution based on?
What are the Mallee and upper Wimmera in Victoria?
What are Victoria's average temperatures in the summer?
What is Victoria's average temperature in winter?
What is Victoria's highest temperature since World War II?
What year was Victoria's highest temperature since World War II?
What are other names for public schools in Victoria?
Who runs the public schools in Victoria?
What are levied at public schools in Victoria?
Who runs the parish schools in Victoria?
What type of standards must all schools comply with?
What three companies have manufacturing plants in Victoria?
In what year did Toyota announce it would close its plant in Victoria?
When did Holden announce its closure?
When will Ford's plants in Broadmeadows and Geelong close?
Along with Toyota and Holden, what major car brand has manufacturing plants in Victoria?
How tall are the alpine areas of Victoria?
What is the highest peak in Victoria?
How tall is Mount Bogong?
What type of system is the Murray River?
What is the state bird?
What is the coldest part of Victoria?
What mountain system extends east-west through the centre of Victoria?
What direction do the Great Dividing Range mountain system extend through the centre of Victoria?
What is Victoria's average temperature in the highest parts of the Alps?
What is Victoria's lowest minimum temperature?
What type of lines do private and public railway operators operate over?
What is the name of the major railway operator in Melbourne?
Who owns V/Line?
What type of service does CFCL operate?
What type of system does Metro Trains Melbourne run?
How many seats does Victoria have in the Australian House of Representatives?
How many seats does Victoria have in the Australian Senate?
What is the lower house of Victoria's Parliament?
What is the name of the upper house of Victoria's parliament?
Who is the Governor of Victoria?
When was Victoria's Legislative Council elected?
In what year was Victoria's Legislative Council established?
What did the discovery of gold in Victoria trigger?
How much did the population of Victoria increase in 10 years?
How much gold did Victoria produce in the decade 1851-1860?
How many public schools are in Victoria?
How many Catholic schools are in Victoria?
How many students were enrolled in public schools in Victoria in 2010?
How many full-time teachers are in Victoria?
What percentage of private students attend Catholic schools?
Where is the centre of dairy farming in Australia?
How many dairy cattle does Australia have?
What percentage of Australia's dairy cattle is produced in Victoria?
How much of Australia's milk is produced in Victoria?
Where is most abalone and rock lobster exported to?
What is the broad gauge used by Victorian lines?
What is the standard gauge for interstate trunk routes in the west of the state?
Two tourist railways operate over what size narrow gauge lines?
Where were the formerly government-owned lines built?
How many formerly government-owned lines were built in mountainous areas?
When was the colony of New South Wales founded?
What colony was founded in 1788?
What was the western half of Australia called?
Where was the colonial government of New Holland based?
When was the Eureka Stockade?
Who crushed the Eureka Stockade?
What was the name of the armed rebellion?
What did Victorian authorities reduce in response to the Eureka Stockade?
What was the name of the act passed by the Imperial Parliament in 1855?
How many seats does the Premier of Victoria have in the Legislative Assembly?
Who is the leader of the political party or coalition with the most seats in the Legislative Assembly?
What does the Cabinet of Victoria consist of?
Who is the current Premier of Victoria?
How are representatives elected to the cabinet of Victoria?
What was the gross value of Victorian agricultural production in 2003-2004?
How much did the gross value of Victorian agricultural production increase in 2003-2004?
How many farms were in Victoria in 2004?
How much land did Victorian farms occupy as of 2004?
How much of the state's land surface does Victorian farms make up?
What do major events play a big part in in Victoria?
What type of tourism plays a big part in Victoria?
Where are most of the major events in Victoria centered?
Where do major events in Victoria take place?
What is the name of the surf festival in Bells Beach?
Where were the Huguenots mainly concentrated?
How many French Catholics were there in 1562?
When were the Wars of Religion fought?
What granted the Huguenots substantial religious, political and military autonomy?
What did the Edict of Nantes do?
What was the original use of the term Huguenot?
Where was John Calvin's adopted home?
Who was the Swiss politician who died in 1532?
What was the name of the foiled attempt to wrest power in France from the House of Guise?
When was the Amboise plot?
What was important to the spread of the Protestant movement and development of the Reformed church in France?
When was a French version of the Bible prepared by Guyard de Moulin?
Who prepared a French version of the Bible in 1294?
When was a two-volume illustrated folio paraphrase version of the Bible printed in Paris?
Where was a two-volume illustrated folio paraphrase version of the Bible printed?
What did the Edict of 1598 grant to the Huguenots?
What was among the most important of the 66 "villes de sûreté" that the Edict of 1598 granted to the Huguenots?
What was the name of the ville de sûreté that was passed in 1629?
When did the royal army siege Montpellier?
When was the Edict of Alès?
Where did individual Huguenots settle from as early as 1671?
Where did Maria de la Queillerie settle?
Who was the first Huguenot to arrive at the Cape of Good Hope?
What company was at the Cape of Good Hope?
When did some Huguenots arrive at the Cape of Good Hope?
When did the Huguenots sail to North America?
Who led the Huguenots?
What was the name of the French church in New Amsterdam?
What is the name of the French church in New Amsterdam?
In what neighborhood did the Huguenots live?
Where did several Huguenot families immigrate to?
Who did the Huguenots purchase their plantations from?
Where was Elie Prioleau from?
When did the Huguenots petition the British Crown for the right to own land in the Baronies?
Where did many Huguenots settle in the early years?
Who was the strongest opponent of Louis XIV?
Who was William III of Orange?
What coalition did William form to oppose Louis and the French state?
What country did the French attack in 1672?
When did the French attack the Dutch Republic?
What did Louis XIV issue in 1685?
When did Louis XIV issue the Edict of Fontainebleau?
Who progressively increased persecution of the Huguenots until he issued the Edict of Fontainebleau?
How many Huguenots fled France by the early 18th century?
Who opposed the Huguenots?
What was the height of the persecution of the Huguenots?
How many Huguenots were killed on St. Bartholomew's Day?
What did the Huguenots have to retaliate against the French Catholics?
Why were the Huguenots killed on St. Bartholomew's Day?
When did the Huguenot rebellions occur?
Where did the Huguenot rebellions take place?
Who was the Huguenot's successor?
Who became more intolerant of Protestantism?
What were the three small civil wars called?
How many Protestants live in modern France?
How much of modern France's population is Protestant?
Where are most Protestants located in France?
What mountain region in the south regards itself as Huguenot?
What country still considers itself Huguenot?
What was the name of the town that the Huguenots formed?
What is the name of the third Huguenot society?
What is the oldest street in the United States of America?
What is the name of the street in New Paltz that the "Huguenot Street Historic District" contains?
Where did the Huguenots settle on the south shore of New York Harbor?
What country received the largest group of Huguenot refugees after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes?
How many Huguenots came to the Netherlands after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes?
How many Huguenots lived in the Dutch Republic at the time?
Where were the first areas to provide full citizens rights to Huguenot immigrants?
What caused the largest group of Huguenot refugees to arrive in the Netherlands?
Where did the pretendus réformés gather at night?
What was the gate of King Hugo believed to be haunted by the ghost of le roi Huguet?
What ghost was believed to have haunted Huguon, the gate of King Hugo?
What was the name of the group that gathered at night for prayer and singing psalms?
When did spirits come back to harm the living?
Where were the Huguenots and Walloons from?
What house was the site of a weaving school from the late 16th century to about 1830?
What was the condition of the refugees' initial acceptance in the City?
Where did the Huguenots and Walloons settle?
What has The Weavers been adapted as?
Where is the French Church Street located?
Where did Huguenots serve as mayors in the 17th and 18th centuries?
In what city did the Huguenots serve as mayors in the 17th and 18th centuries?
Who is D'Olier Street named after?
When was the French church in Portarlington built?
What did the exodus of Huguenots from France create?
Where did the French crown refuse to allow non-Catholics to settle?
Who did the French crown refuse to allow to settle in New France?
What war was the North American front of?
When did the British defeat New France?
Who issued the Edict of Nantes?
When was the Edict of Nantes issued?
What did the Edict of Nantes do to Protestants under the throne?
What did the Edict of Nantes discourage?
What did Henry of Navarre recante in favor of Roman Catholicism?
What did the revocation of the treaty require?
What did the revocation of the treaty do for the Huguenots?
How many Huguenots emigrated to North America?
What were the Huguenots who stayed in France called?
Where did the Huguenots become business leaders?
Where did the Huguenots seek freedom from persecution?
When did the French colonisers arrive in Brazil?
What was the name of the French colonisers that arrived in Brazil in 1555?
When was Fort Coligny destroyed?
What was the name of the first Protestant confession of faith in the Americas?
What language are the Huguenots speaking today?
What industry in South Africa owes a significant debt to the Huguenots?
In what province of South Africa do many farms still have French surnames?
What do many families in South Africa have that indicate their French Huguenot ancestry?
Who was descended from Huguenot refugees?
Who signed the Articles of Confederation for South Carolina?
Where is the last active Huguenot congregation in North America?
What church in Virginia is maintained by the Huguenot Society of America?
Where is the largest chapter of the Huguenot Society of America?
What industry did some Huguenots settle in Bedfordshire?
What is the name of the style of lace that some Huguenots settled in Bedfordshire?
What is the only reference to immigrant lacemakers in this period?
When did Mechlin lace develop?
What two new neighbourhoods were created by the Huguenots?
How much of Berlin's population was French speaking by 1700?
Why did the Huguenots switch to German?
When did the Huguenots decide to switch to German?
What were some of the congregations founded by the Huguenots?
Where did the Huguenots flee to after the war?
What region of France did the Huguenots remain in large numbers in?
What group rioted against the Catholic Church in the early 18th century?
What did the Camisards riot against?
When did the Camisards flee to Prussia?
In what city is Fort Caroline located?
Who was the leader of the Norman Huguenots?
What was the name of the small colony established by the Norman Huguenots?
Who attacked the French colony at St. Augustine?
When did the French attack on the Spanish colony at St. Augustine fail?
What was the name of the outpost founded by Jean Ribault?
Where was the outpost of Charlesfort located?
Who established the settlement of St. Augustine?
When did the French Huguenots attempt to establish a haven in North America?
What precluded a return voyage?
Where did the French Huguenots migrate to in 1700?
Where did the English Crown promise the Huguenots land grants?
What was the name of the abandoned Monacan village?
How many original Huguenots lived in Manakintown?
When did the Virginia General Assembly pass an act to naturalise the 148 Huguenots still resident at Manakintown?
When was the Dutch Revolt?
What country did the Huguenots fight in the Low Countries?
What was the name of the letter written by William the Silent condemning the Spanish Inquisition?
Who wrote an apology to the Spanish Inquisition?
What religion was William the Silent?
What act was passed in 1708?
When was the Foreign Protestants Naturalization Act passed?
How many Protestant Walloons and Huguenots fled to England before and after the Foreign Protestants Naturalization Act?
Who was a leading Huguenot theologian and writer?
What was Andrew Lortie known for articulating during Mass?
What war did the Huguenot regiments fight for William of Orange in Ireland?
Who did the Huguenot regiments fight for in the Williamite war in Ireland?
Where were significant Huguenot settlements located?
What did Killeshandra contribute to the expansion of?
What industry did Killeshandra contribute to the growth of?
Who arranged with Count Ludwig von Nassau-Saarbrücken to establish a Huguenot community in present-day Saarland?
Who did Prince Louis de Condé arrange to establish a Huguenot community in present-day Saarland?
What type of works did the Condés establish?
When did some members of the Huguenot community emigrate to the United States?
When did Prince Louis de Condé establish a Huguenot community in present-day Saarland?
What were the names of the Electorates in the Holy Roman Empire?
What type of European nations did the Huguenots migrate to?
Where were the Huguenots allowed to worship freely?
Where did the Huguenots spread to in South Africa?
What did the Huguenots do in Quebec?
Who does the "Hugues hypothesis" argue that the name huguenote was derived by association with?
What argues that the name huguenote was derived by association with Hugues Capet?
Who suggested that the name huguenote would be roughly equivalent to little Hugos?
What does Janet Gray think the name huguenote would be roughly equivalent to?
What do some people disagree with about the origins of the word huguenote?
Who was one of the predecessors of the Reformed church?
Where was Jacques Lefevre from?
When was the whole Bible published in the French language?
Who was a leader of the Swiss Reformation?
Who converted to Protestantism?
When was the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre?
Who killed thousands of Huguenots in the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre?
How many Protestants were killed in Toulouse?
When was an amnesty granted?
How many Protestants were massacred in Paris?
Who gained the throne in 1643?
What did Louis XIV do when he gained the throne?
What did Louis XIV do to force the Huguenots to convert to Catholicism?
What did Louis XIV do to Huguenot schools?
What did Louis XIV institute to forcibly convert the Huguenots?
What county is New Rochelle located in?
What was the name of the peninsula where the Huguenots landed?
Who did the Huguenots purchase land from?
What was New Rochelle named after?
What is the name of the third church built by the Huguenots in New Rochelle?
What did most of the Huguenot congregations eventually do?
What did the Huguenots do that led to their assimilation?
Who established the Eleutherian gunpowder mills?
How long did the descendants of the Huguenots continue to use French first names and surnames for their children?
What did E.I. du Pont establish?
Who was one of the most prominent Huguenot refugees in the Netherlands?
Where did Pierre Bayle start teaching?
What was the name of Pierre Bayle's book?
Where did Pierre Bayle's work become a foundational text?
Who is the patron of the Huguenots?
What was established by Royal Charter in 1550?
When was the French Protestant Church of London established?
Where is the French Protestant Church of London located?
Where did the Huguenot refugees flee to?
When was the Black Eagle Brewery founded?
What types of states did the Huguenot refugees find a safe haven in?
Where did the Huguenot refugees find a safe haven?
What was the name of the special privileges Huguenots were granted in Brandenburg-Prussia?
Who was Frederick William?
What did the Huguenots do to Frederick William's army?
Who invited Huguenots to settle in his realms?
What poet was a descendant of the Huguenots?
Who was the Luftwaffe general and fighter ace?
Who was the last Prime Minister of the East German Democratic Republic?
What position did Thomas de Maizière hold?
What type of non-combustion heat source can be used to power steam engines?
What is the ideal thermodynamic cycle used to analyze steam engines?
What does water transform into in the Rankine cycle?
What pressure does the boiler operate at?
What type of engines are steam engines?
What was the first commercially successful true engine?
Who invented the atmospheric engine?
When was the atmospheric engine invented?
What was the first commercially successful true engine?
Who proposed a piston for the atmospheric engine?
Where was the first full-scale working railway steam locomotive built?
When did the world's first railway journey take place?
Where did Trevithick's steam locomotive haul a train to in south Wales?
Where was Abercynon located?
In what part of Wales was Abercynon located?
What does the Rankine cycle and most practical steam engines have to recycle or top up boiler water?
What type of pumps do utility and industrial boilers use?
When did injectors become popular?
What is an example of an application where an injector is no longer widely used?
What is an injector used for?
How many expansion stages does a quadruple expansion engine have?
What is another name for a multiple expansion engine?
In what century was the Yarrow-Schlick-Tweedy balancing'system' used?
What type of engine uses the Yarrow-Schlick-Tweedy balancing system?
What class of passenger liners use the Yarrow-Schlick-Tweedy balancing'system'?
What was the name of the poppet valve gear that had separate admission and exhaust valves driven by trip mechanisms or cams profiled to give ideal events?
What is another name for the Stephenson motion?
What was the usual compromise solution to provide lap?
What may be present in the crown of the boiler's firebox?
What happens to the lead fusible plugs when the temperature of the firebox crown increases?
What happens when lead melts in the firebox?
What do operators do if the lead melts and steam escapes from the firebox?
What does steam escape have little effect on?
Who patented a steam engine that produced continuous rotary motion?
What type of motion did James Watt's steam engine produce?
How many horsepower did James Watt's steam engine produce?
By what year had engines that could provide 10,000 hp become feasible?
What was the stationary steam engine a key component of?
In what century did the history of the steam engine begin?
Who described the aeolipile?
What nationality was Hero of Alexandria?
Who described a rudimentary steam turbine device in 1629?
When did de Ayanz y Beaumont receive patents for fifty steam powered inventions?
What type of engines came into widespread use at the end of the 19th century?
What are the stages of a compound engine called?
In what industry were double and triple expansion engines common?
Along with electric motors, what replaced reciprocating steam engines in the 20th century?
Compound engines were used in shipping to reduce the weight of what?
What was the final major evolution of steam engine design?
When did steam turbines begin to be used?
What is the maximum output of a reciprocating piston type steam engine?
What percentage of electric power is produced by steam turbines in the United States?
What type of engines did steam turbines replace reciprocating engines in the 20th century?
What is the most common source of heat needed for boiling water and supplying steam?
What is a firebox?
What type of energy is waste heat from an internal combustion engine or industrial process?
What type of heating element is used in toy steam engines?
What is the most useful instrument for analyzing the performance of steam engines?
When were early versions of the steam engine indicator in use?
Who developed the most successful indicator for steam engines?
Who developed the most successful indicator for Charles Porter?
Where was the steam engine indicator exhibited in 1862?
How many degrees out of phase are the pistons connected to the cranks of a two-cylinder compound?
How many degrees are the individual pistons balanced at when a double expansion group is duplicated?
How many degrees out of phase are the pistons connected to the cranks of a two-cylinder compound?
What is it called when steam reverses its direction of flow at each stroke?
How many piston strokes do reciprocating piston engines have?
How many rotations of the crank and two piston strokes does the complete engine cycleoccupy?
How many events are in the engine cycle?
Along with admission, exhaust and compression, what is the fourth event in a reciprocating piston engine's cycle?
What is the name of the uniflow rotary steam engine?
What type of cycle is uniflow?
What part of an uniflow engine is uncovered by the piston at the end of each stroke?
What type of steam engine does not require valves to direct steam into and out of the cylinder?
What is the name of the pivot mounting in an oscillating cylinder steam engine?
What are oscillating cylinder steam engines mainly used in?
What type of ship is an oscillating cylinder steam engine mainly used on?
What happens to the working fluid in a closed loop system?
What is another term for a Rankine cycle where the working fluid is recycled continuously?
What is the working fluid in the Rankine turbine?
What is supplied to the boiler in an open loop system?
The efficiency of a Rankine cycle is usually limited by what?
What is the typical turbine entry temperature for steam turbines?
What is the creep limit of a steam turbine?
What is the theoretical Carnot efficiency of a Rankine cycle?
What is the typical condenser temperature in steam turbines?
What was the driving force behind the Industrial Revolution?
Along with railway locomotives, ships and road vehicles, what type of boat was powered by steam engines?
What is an example of a steam-powered farm tractors?
Along with mills and mines, where did steam engines see commercial use?
What did the use of steam engines in agriculture lead to?
What was the name of Trevithick's locomotive in 1808?
Who built the twin-cylinder locomotive Salamanca?
What type of locomotive was the Salamanca?
What railway used the Salamanca locomotive?
What was the first public steam railway in the world?
Who invented a method to lessen the magnitude of cylinder heating and cooling?
What nationality was Arthur Woolf?
What can be reduced by staging the expansion in multiple cylinders?
What does equal work from lower-pressure steam require a larger?
How many times did steam turbines make up 90% of the world's electricity production?
What is more efficient than steam turbines in marine service?
What has almost entirely supplanted steam propulsion for marine applications?
What is the main use for electricity generation?
What has the widespread application of large gas turbine units and typical combined cycle power plants resulted in?
What is the fundamental thermodynamic underpinning of the steam engine?
How is waste heat removed from a steam engine?
In what decade did the Rankine cycle generate 90% of all electric power?
Along with coal and nuclear power plants, what type of power plants use the Rankine cycle?
What nationality was William John Macquorn Rankine?
What is the historical measure of a steam engine's energy efficiency?
How many foot-pounds of work were delivered by burning one bushel of coal?
How many foot-pounds of work were burned by burning one bushel of coal?
How many pounds of coal is burned in a bushel?
Who first introduced the concept of duty?
What is the name of the new generation of power generation that replaced reciprocating piston steam engines in the early 20th century?
What type of steam engines remained the dominant source of power until the early 20th century?
What type of steam engine is now used in power generation?
What type of engine replaced reciprocating piston steam engines in the 20th century?
Who developed the first steam-powered water pump?
What was the first steam-powered device?
When was the first steam-powered device developed?
Who introduced an ingenious improvement of Savery's construction to render it capable of working itself?
Who wrote the Philosophical Transactions in 1751?
Who obtained a patent for a high-pressure engine in 1802?
Who obtained a patent for a high-pressure engine in 1802?
When did Trevithick obtain his patent?
What type of applications could high-pressure steam engines be made smaller for?
What did high-pressure steam engines have more of than previous engines?
What company in Sweden has made progress in harnessing the power of steam?
Where is Energiprojekt AB located?
How many cylinders does Energiprojekt's steam engine have?
How much steam does the Energiprojekt engine consume per kWh?
What percentage of efficiency does Energiprojekt's steam engine reach on high-pressure engines?
What do steam turbines in power stations use as a cold sink?
What is a dry type cooling tower similar to?
Where is a dry type cooling tower used?
What is another name for evaporative cooling towers?
How many cubic metres of water does a 700 megawatt coal-fired power plant use every hour for evaporative cooling?
What type of governor was adopted by James Watt for use on a steam engine?
Who saw a centrifugal governor at a flour mill?
Where did Boulton see a centrifugal governor?
What type of operation was the centrifugal governor not suitable for?
What did the centrifugal governor not do?
After what year was compounding almost universal for marine engines?
compounding was not universally popular in what type of locomotives?
What was compounding perceived as in railway locomotives?
When was compounding first used in Britain?
compounding was common for industrial units, marine engines, and what other type of engines?
What does a reversing mechanism do to help save steam?
What is it called when exhaust steam cannot evacuate the cylinder?
What can exhaust steam do if the exhaust event is too short?
What is the length of the event that the simplest valve gears give during the engine cycle?
Who obtained the first patent for a steam engine in 1606?
What nationality was the inventor of the first steam engine?
When did Jerónimo de Ayanz y Beaumont obtain the first patent for a steam engine?
When did Thomas Savery patent a steam pump?
When was Thomas Newcomen's atmospheric engine used?
What are rotors?
What are the rotors mounted on?
What are stators?
What are thestatic discs fixed to?
What is the typical speed of a steam turbine?
How does the weight of boilers and condensers affect the power-to-weight ratio of a steam plant?
In addition to internal combustion engines, what else has steam been replaced by for mobile applications?
What type of plant generates most electric power?
What is the movement to use steam as a prime mover known as?
Along with fuel sources, what has prompted a renewed interest in steam?
What is an example of a pistonless rotary engine?
What does a pistonless rotary engine replace in a conventional reciprocating steam engine?
What is a major problem with steam-tight rotors?
When did James Watt develop an improved version of Newcomen's engine?
What did James Watt's version of Newcomen's engine have a separate?
How much coal did Boulton and Watt's early engines use compared to John Smeaton's?
What engine did James Watt develop an improved version of?
What did air pressure push into the vacuum created by condensing steam?
How many independent mechanisms do steam engines have?
What type of safety valve was traditionally restrained in the top of a boiler?
What type of safety valve is more recent?
What is illegally broken in an adjustable spring-loaded valve?
What did early valves allow a driver to allow from the engine?
What was the name of the horizontal engine that was patented in 1849?
When was the Corliss steam engine patented?
How much less steam did the Corliss steam engine use?
How many valves did the Corliss steam engine have?
What award was given to the Corliss steam engine?
What theory did the steam engine contribute to?
Who discovered latent heat?
What did experimental measurements made by Watt on a model steam engine lead to?
Who confirmed Watt's discovery of latent heat?
What did Watt independently discover?
What is one of the main advantages of the Rankine cycle?
What is the working fluid in the Rankine cycle?
How much power does the Rankine cycle consume?
What is the turbine entry temperature for gas turbines?
What is a pump called that supplies water to a boiler during operation?
What do condensers do to the water in a boiler?
What is used to raise the temperature of steam above its saturated vapour point?
What is another name for a supply bin?
What mechanism is used to move fuel from a supply bin to a firebox?
What was readily available for land-based steam engines?
Who invented the steam turbine?
What is an example of a warship that uses a steam turbine?
Along with warships, what type of ships were powered by the steam turbine?
When was the HMS Dreadnought built?
What do most nuclear power plants use to generate electricity?
What does steam drive in nuclear power plants?
What is the turbine connected to in a nuclear power plant?
What type of transmission do nuclear powered ships and submarines use?
In what country did direct-drive locomotives have success for express passenger work?
What is the Rankine cycle sometimes referred to as?
Where is the heat addition and rejection processes in the Rankine cycle?
What does isobaric mean?
What is the term for constant temperature processes in the Carnot cycle?
What is the working fluid received from the condenser as?
What is the atomic number of oxygen?
Along with hydrogen, what is oxygen the third most abundant element in the universe?
How many atoms of oxygen bind to form dioxygen?
How much of the Earth's crust is oxygen?
What makes up 20.8% of the Earth's atmosphere?
How much of the Earth's atmosphere is made up of dioxygen?
What is the most abundant element in the universe?
What is the atomic number of oxygen?
Why is oxygen the most abundant element in the universe?
What is oxygen the third-most abundant element in the universe?
What is the atomic number of oxygen?
What group is oxygen a member of?
What type of compounds does oxygen easily form with most elements?
Where does oxygen rank among the most abundant elements in the universe?
What is a colorless and odorless diatomic gas with the formula O 2?
What uses the energy of sunlight to produce oxygen from water?
What does photosynthesis use to produce oxygen from water?
What protects the biosphere from UVB radiation?
What do many major classes of organic molecules in living organisms contain?
What is oxygen a part of?
What uses the energy of sunlight to produce oxygen from water?
What is oxygen a part of?
What is an allotrope of oxygen?
Who proved that air is necessary for combustion?
Who showed that fire requires only a part of air?
What did John Mayow call the part of air that fire requires?
When did John Mayow die?
Who proved that air is necessary for combustion?
What did John Mayow call the part of air that fire requires?
When did Robert Boyle prove that air is necessary for combustion?
What is nitroaereus consumed in?
Who showed that fire requires only a part of air?
Who conducted an experiment in 1774 that focused sunlight on mercuric oxide?
What was Joseph Priestley's profession?
What was mercuric oxide?
What did Joseph Priestley focus sunlight on?
What did Joseph Priestley focus sunlight on?
What did Joseph Priestley name the gas he liberated from mercuric oxide?
When did Priestley publish his findings?
When did Priestley publish his findings?
What did Priestley find about a mouse?
Who built on Philo's work by observing that a portion of air is consumed during combustion and respiration?
Who conducted one of the first known experiments on the relationship between combustion and air?
When was one of the first known experiments on the relationship between combustion and air conducted?
What did Philo do when he surmised that parts of the air in a vessel were converted into fire?
Who conducted one of the first known experiments on the relationship between combustion and air?
What element did Philo believe the air in a vessel was converted into?
What was the name of Philo's work?
Who built on Philo's work by observing that a portion of air is consumed during combustion and respiration?
What did Philo of Byzantium study in his work Pneumatica?
What ignition event is needed to trigger combustion?
What is the source of most of the chemical energy released in combustion?
Combustion hazards apply to what compounds?
What is the source of most of the chemical energy released in combustion?
What is needed to trigger combustion?
Fire and explosion hazards exist when concentrated oxygen s and fuels are brought into close proximity?
What do highly concentrated sources of oxygen promote?
Oxygen is the source of most of what released in combustion?
Peroxides, chlorates, nitrates, perchlorates, and dichromates are examples of what?
What type of pressure killed the Apollo 1 crew in a launch pad test?
What liquid is used as a fuel?
How much normal pressure would be used in a launch pad test?
What does the design and manufacture of O 2 systems require to ensure that ignition sources are minimized?
What will concentrate O 2 allow to proceed rapidly and energetically?
What is used to store and transmit gaseous and liquid oxygen?
What does the design and manufacture of O 2 systems require to ensure that ignition sources are minimized?
Who was killed in a launch pad test?
What is the crustal rock of the Earth composed of?
What is oxygen present in the atmosphere in the form of?
What part of the Earth's crust is largely composed of silicates of magnesium and iron?
What is oxygen present in the atmosphere in the form of?
What part of the Earth is composed of oxides of silicon?
What is largely composed of silicates of magnesium and iron?
What part of the Earth's crust is largely composed of silicates of magnesium and iron?
What type of oxygen compounds are found in silicate minerals?
John Dalton's original atomic hypothesis assumed that all elements were what?
What type of atomic ratios would atoms in compounds have?
What did John Dalton assume water's formula was?
What is the atomic mass of oxygen 8 times that of?
What did Avogadro use to arrive at the correct interpretation of water's composition?
What was wood and coal thought to be made of?
Iron is what type of corroded substance?
What did not play a role in phlogiston theory?
What other materials gained weight in rusting when they were supposedly losing phlogiston?
What happens when something burns?
What is the bond called that results from the filling of molecular orbitals formed from the individual oxygen atoms?
How many oxygen atoms are chemically bonded to each other in dioxygen?
What is another term for low-to-high energy?
How are the oxygen atoms bonded to each other in dioxygen?
What type of orbitals are formed from the atomic orbitals of the individual oxygen atoms?
When was oxygen discovered?
When did Joseph Priestley discover oxygen?
Why is Priestley given priority over other scientists?
Who coined the name oxygen in 1777?
What theory did Antoine Lavoisier discredit?
What is an electron configuration with two unpaired electrons found in dioxygen?
What is the ground state of the O 2 molecule referred to as?
What type of electrons are found in dioxygen?
What type of combustion does triplet oxygen prevent?
What are the highest energy, partially filled orbitals of dioxygen?
What was heated in a closed container?
What did Lavoisier observe no increase in when tin and air were heated in a closed container?
What did Lavoisier observe no increase in when tin and air were heated in a closed container?
When was Lavoisier's book published?
What gas did Lavoisier not support?
What is trioxygen known as?
What type of oxygen is ozone?
What is ozone damaging to?
What does the ozone layer of the upper atmosphere function as for the planet?
What is the term for ultraviolet radiation?
What is the common allotrope of oxygen on Earth?
What element has a bond length of 121 pm and a bond energy of 498 kJmol1?
What type of part of the Earth's atmosphere is O 2?
Why is O2 used by complex forms of life, such as animals, in cellular respiration?
O2 is used by complex forms of life, such as animals, in what?
What Scottish chemist was able to produce enough liquid oxygen to study?
When did James Dewar create liquid oxygen to study?
When was the first commercially viable process for producing liquid oxygen developed?
What type of welding was demonstrated for the first time by burning a mixture of acetylene and compressed O 2?
What is more soluble in water than nitrogen?
What determines the solubility of oxygen in water?
How much oxygen does freshwater contain per liter?
What type of water contains 4.95 mL of oxygen per liter?
How much more oxygen dissolves at 0 °C than at 20 °C?
How abundant is oxygen in the universe?
Where does oxygen rank among the most abundant chemical elements in the universe?
How much of the Sun's mass is oxygen?
What is oxygen the major component of?
How is the O2 around the planets produced?
When did scientists realize that air could be liquefied and its components isolated?
How could air be liquefied and its components isolated?
Who discovered liquid oxygen?
How much liquid was produced in Cailletet's method?
When was oxygen liquefied in stable state for the first time?
Planetary geologists were unable to obtain reference values for the isotope ratios in what planet?
What does the Sun have a higher proportion of than the Earth?
What crashed spacecraft showed that the Sun has a higher proportion of oxygen-16 than the Earth?
What process depleted oxygen-16 from the Sun's disk of protoplanetary material?
Planetary geologists have measured different abundances of oxygen isotopes in samples from what planet?
What is the name given to several higher-energy species of molecular O 2 in which all the electron spins are paired?
Singlet oxygen is more reactive towards what?
When is singlet oxygen formed from water?
How is singlet oxygen produced in the troposphere?
What plays a major role in absorbing energy from singlet oxygen and converting it to the unexcited ground state?
Who measure the ratio of oxygen-18 and oxygen-16 in the shells and skeletons of marine organisms?
Paleoclimatologists measure the ratio of oxygen-18 and oxygen-16 in the shells and skeletons of marine organisms to determine what was millions of years ago?
How much heavier isotope of oxygen-18 does seawater have?
What isotope do paleoclimatologists measure in the shells and skeletons of marine organisms?
When does the disparity increase at lower temperatures?
At what wavelengths does oxygen present two spectrophotometric absorption bands?
What is oxygen a possible method of monitoring from satellites on a global scale?
Where do scientists use the radiance from vegetation canopies to characterize plant health status?
On what scale has oxygen been proposed as a possible method of monitoring the carbon cycle from satellites?
What type of scientists have proposed using the radiance from vegetation canopies to characterize plant health status from a satellite platform?
What are O 2 molecules in the triplet form?
What is attracted to a magnet?
What type of electrons are present in a molecule that creates spin magnetic moments?
What does O 2 molecules impart magnetic character to oxygen when it is in the presence of?
Liquid oxygen is attracted to a magnet to a sufficient extent that a bridge of liquid oxygen may be supported against its own weight between the poles of what?
What are superoxide ion and hydrogen peroxide?
Peroxide, superoxide, and singlet oxygen are used to do what?
Reactive oxygen species play an important role in the hypersensitive response of plants against what?
What type of organisms is oxygen toxic to?
When did O 2 begin to accumulate in the atmosphere?
At what temperature does oxygen condensate?
What color are liquid and solid O 2?
How is high-purity liquid O 2 obtained?
What is used as a coolant to produce liquid oxygen?
What must liquid nitrogen be segregated from?
Free oxygen is found in solution in what body of water?
At what temperature does O 2 have a higher solubility?
Why do polar oceans support a much higher density of life?
What may water polluted with nitrates or phosphates stimulate the growth of?
What do scientists measure in water?
When did photosynthetic archaea and bacteria evolve?
During what eon did free oxygen first appear in significant quantities?
What did free oxygen produced by organisms combine with dissolved iron in the oceans to form for the first billion years?
When did free oxygen begin to outgas from the oceans?
When did free oxygen begin to outgas from the oceans?
The unusually high concentration of oxygen gas on Earth is the result of what?
What type of cycle describes the movement of oxygen between its three main reservoirs on Earth?
How many main reservoirs of oxygen are on Earth?
What is the main driving factor of the oxygen cycle?
What gas is the result of the oxygen cycle?
What absorbs nitrogen and delivers a gas stream that is 90% to 93% O 2?
What percentage of O 2 is produced when a stream is passed through a pair of zeolite molecular sieves?
What does the zeolite molecular sieves absorb?
How is oxygen gas obtained?
What is the main method of producing O 2 gas?
What is electrolysis used to produce oxygen gas?
What is the molecular formula of hydrogen gas?
What type of electricity is used to produce oxygen gas?
What is the electrocatalytic O 2 evolution from?
What type of catalysts can be used on submarines?
What type of use does oxygen have?
What is oxygen supposed to be?
What do professional athletes wear oxygen masks to get a "boost" in?
What is a more likely explanation for the pharmacological effect of oxygen?
What type of exercise can enriched O 2 mixtures be breathed during?
What type of medicine uses special oxygen chambers?
What does increased O 2 concentration in the lungs help displace from the heme group of hemoglobin?
What type of bacteria is oxygen gas poisonous to?
What happens in divers who decompress too quickly after a dive?
What is used to treat emphysema?
What part of the body does oxygen supplementation ease work load on?
What is used in medicine to increase oxygen levels in the patient's blood?
Uptake of O 2 from the air is the essential purpose of what?
What does a disease impair the body's ability to take up and use?
Why does oxygen form chemical bonds with almost all other elements to give corresponding oxides?
What does oxygen form chemical bonds with almost all other elements to give?
What is the mineral Fe 1  xO?
What does oxygen form chemical bonds with almost all other elements to give?
What does oxide slow?
What is an emergency supply of O 2 automatically supplied to passengers traveling inpressurized commercial airplanes in case of?
What type of oxygen generators are activated by sudden cabin pressure loss?
What type of reaction produces a steady stream of oxygen gas?
What is produced by the exothermic reaction?
High pressure oxygen tanks, cryogenics and chemical compounds are examples of what type of method?
What is used to transport oxygen in bulk?
How is oxygen transported in bulk?
What type of gas is used to store oxygen in smaller cylinders?
Where do bulk liquid oxygen storage containers stand?
What does methanol, ethanol, furan, DMSO, acetic acid, and formic acid contain oxygen in?
What is the most important class of compounds that contain oxygen?
What are acetone and phenol used for in the synthesis of many different substances?
What are ethers in which the oxygen atom is part of a ring of three atoms?
What type of classes of organic compounds contain oxygen?
What is oxygen found in?
How many common complex biomolecules contain no oxygen?
What organic compound contains the largest proportion of oxygen?
Along with fats, fatty acids, amino acids and carbohydrates, what biomolecules contain oxygen?
Calcium phosphate and hydroxylapatite are found in what?
What can occur in deep scuba diving and surface supplied diving?
Prolonged breathing of an air mixture with an O 2 partial pressure more than 60 kPa can eventually lead to what?
What is the maximum O 2 partial pressure that can cause convulsions?
What is the most feared effect for divers?
What is the most feared effect of oxygen toxicity?
Why does breathing pure O 2 cause no damage?
What is the O 2 partial pressure in breathing gas in spacesuits?
How much more is the O 2 partial pressure in spacesuits compared to sea-level O 2 partial pressure?
How much damage does breathing pure O 2 cause?
How much more is the O 2 partial pressure in the astronaut's arterial blood than normal sea-level O 2 partial pressure?
When can oxygen gas be toxic?
What is the maximum partial pressure that oxygen toxicity can occur at?
What percentage of oxygen gas is present at standard pressure?
What type of ventilators can cause toxicity of oxygen gas?
What percentage of O 2 is in gas supplied through oxygen masks in medical applications?
When did the 1973 oil crisis begin?
What was the price of oil at the end of the oil embargo?
When was the second oil crisis?
What was the name of the 1973 oil crisis?
Who proclaimed an oil embargo in 1973?
Why did European nations and Japan seek to disassociate themselves from the US?
What did the Nixon administration do to prevent the Israelis from withdrawing from the Sinai Peninsula?
When did Israel withdraw from the Sinai Peninsula?
When did Arab oil producers lift the embargo?
When did the US pull out of the Bretton Woods Accord?
What was the purpose of the Gold Exchange Standard?
What did the industrialized nations do to prevent currency values from fluctuating?
When did OPEC announce that they would price oil in terms of a fixed amount of gold?
Why did the US pull out of the Bretton Woods Accord?
How much did the dollar price of oil increase from 1947 to 1967?
When was OPEC slow to readjust prices to reflect the depreciation of oil?
What years did OPEC see substantial price increases?
How long had the price of oil remained stable versus other currencies and commodities?
When did Syria and Egypt launch a surprise attack on Israel?
Who was the world's second-largest oil exporter?
How much more did the Shah of Iran say he should pay for oil?
Who was the world's second-largest oil exporter?
Why did Syria and Egypt launch a surprise attack on Israel on Yom Kippur?
Why did OPEC raise the price of oil?
When did OPEC raise the price of oil?
How long did the oil embargo last?
How much money did Nixon ask Congress to give to Israel?
What did OPEC do in response to the oil embargo?
How much did Saudi Arabia spend to spread Wahhabism?
Who did the al-Haramain Foundation distribute funds to?
Where were political tensions exacerbated by arms purchases?
What was the cause of the lower oil prices and lower prices for their export commodities?
What fundamentalist interpretation of Islam did Saudi Arabia help spread?
What has been held responsible for recessions, periods of excessive inflation, reduced productivity, and lower economic growth?
The Middle East could become another superpower confrontation with what country?
In what year did the US and the USSR reach a negotiated settlement based on equality?
Interest groups and government agencies were no match for who's dominance?
What had a negative influence on the US economy?
What is an example of an industry that was changed by the embargo?
What type of problems were caused by the embargo?
Where did oil companies look for new ways to increase oil supplies?
How long did it take to find oil and develop new fields?
Which country faced a complete embargo?
Who did the UK and France refuse to allow to use their airfields?
Who was an ally of Israel during the Six-Day War?
Who did the UK and France refuse to allow to use their airfields?
Who was Harold Wilson's successor?
Which country had an oil crisis of its own?
What was a major factor in the change of government?
When did coal miners and railroad workers strike in the UK?
Along with the UK, Italy, Switzerland and Norway, what country banned flying, driving, and boating on Sundays?
Which country rationed gasoline and heating oil?
What exacerbated the crisis in the US?
Why did price controls allow oil to be sold at a higher price?
What exacerbated the crisis in the US?
How was scarcity addressed in the US?
Who was the first Administrator of the Federal Energy Office?
When was Simon named Administrator of the Federal Energy Office?
What was the purpose of the Federal Energy Office?
When did 20% of American gasoline stations have no fuel?
What was the national maximum speed limit in 1974?
What act imposed a national maximum speed limit of 55 mph in 1974?
Who signed the National Highway Designation Act?
When did Bill Clinton sign the National Highway Designation Act?
When was the Department of Energy created?
What led to greater interest in renewable energy, nuclear power and domestic fossil fuels?
What do the quick fixes and single-shot solutions ignore?
Who has repeatedly backed policies that promise solutions that are politically expedient but whose prospects are doubtful?
Who was distraught by the rise in oil prices and challenged by under-developed countries?
Who was concerned that the U.S. could not use force?
How long did the Soviets think the occupation of the Middle East would last?
Who did the Soviets think the US would alienate?
What country was the most dependent on Arab oil?
How much of Japan's oil came from the Middle East in 1970?
What did the Saudi and Kuwaiti governments do to Japan to encourage it to change its noninvolvement policy?
When did Japan issue a statement stating that Israel should withdraw from all of the 1967 territories?
When was Japan considered an Arab-friendly state?
What was one sign of insecurity in Afghanistan?
What two countries became increasingly dependent on the US to manage both external and internal threats?
What country became more dependent on the US in 1979?
When did the Shah fail to maintain control of Iran?
When did Wahhabi extremists seize the Grand Mosque in Mecca?
What did the crisis reduce the demand for?
What became mass-market leaders with unibody construction and front-wheel drive?
What engines did the Honda Accord have that were more fuel efficient?
What country imports the Datsun B210?
When did Honda, Toyota, and Nissan open their US assembly plants?
What was the name of the Toyota Cressida?
What did the Datsun 810 have in common with the Corona Mark II?
Along with Infiniti and Acura, what was the name of Nissan's luxury division?
What was the name of the compact truck that was introduced?
What did Mitsubishi rename its Forte after the oil crisis?
Who did Mazda and Isuzu have joint partnerships with?
What policy did the American makers end with the Chevrolet S10/GMC S-15?
What forced General Motors, Ford and Chrysler to introduce smaller and fuel-efficient models for domestic sales?
How many passengers did the Chevette have?
In what year did the average American vehicle move 17.4 miles per gallon?
What were the names of the two luxury oriented sedans that recovered from the 1973 crisis?
What was the name of the low-priced full-size model that did not recover from the 1973 crisis?
By what year had most "full-size" American cars shrunk?
In what year did Chrysler end production of their full-size luxury sedans?
What compact was a prelude to the DOT "downsize" revision of vehicle categories?
In what year was OPEC's production surpassed by other countries?
When did the world price decrease to less than $10 per barrel?
What was Saudi Arabia trying to do in 1981?
What was the world price of oil in 1979?
What was the name of the first spacecraft to land humans on the moon?
Who carried out the Apollo program?
When was the first manned flight of Apollo?
Who conceived the Apollo program?
How many people were in Project Gemini?
When did Apollo run?
What program supported Apollo from 1962 to 1966?
Who was involved in the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project?
What was the name of the space station that supported three manned missions?
When was the Apollo 1 cabin fire?
When did the Apollo 1 cabin fire kill the entire crew?
What forced the cancellation of three follow-on landings?
How many of the remaining six missions achieved successful lunar landings?
What prevented the Apollo 13 landing?
What was the first manned spacecraft to orbit another celestial body?
What was the last manned mission beyond low Earth orbit?
How much lunar rocks and soil did Apollo return to Earth?
What areas of technology did Apollo spur advances in?
How many astronauts could the Mercury capsule support?
How many astronauts would Apollo carry?
Who was the NASA manager who named the Apollo program after the Greek god of light, music, and the sun?
What was one possible mission of the Apollo program?
When was the Apollo program conceived?
In what year was the Apollo program announced?
Who led the NASA's in-house spacecraft design studies?
How many study contracts were awarded to General Dynamics/Convair, General Electric, and the Glenn L. Martin Company?
Who was the NASA Deputy Administrator in 1960?
Who was elected president in 1960?
Who did John F. Kennedy promise to overthrow in the fields of space exploration and missile defense?
What was Kennedy put off by when he was elected president?
Who was the NASA Administrator in 1960?
What did John F. Kennedy speak out against before the election of 1960?
Who was the first person to fly in space?
Who was the first person to fly in space?
How long after Gagarin's flight did the US House Committee on Science and Astronautics meet?
How did Kennedy respond to the news that the US was in competition with the Soviets?
When did Kennedy send a memo to Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson?
Who was the Vice President of the United States at the time of the memo?
How long did it take for Johnson to respond to the memo?
What did Lyndon B. Johnson say about America's space program?
Who was given authority to grow his organization into the Manned Spacecraft Center?
Where did Gilruth's Space Task Group lead the nation's manned space program?
Where was the site for the Manned Spacecraft Center chosen?
Who donated land for the Manned Spacecraft Center?
Where was the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station located?
Where was the Launch Operations Center located?
Who was the first Director of the Launch Operations Center?
What position did Debus hold at the LOC?
Whose death caused President Johnson to issue an executive order to rename the LOC and Cape Canaveral?
How many launch pads were planned?
Gemini and what other spacecraft were initially received in the Operations and Checkout Building?
How high was the altitude the Apollo spacecraft could be tested at?
How large was the Vertical Assembly Building?
Who did Administrator Webb hire for a high management job?
When was Mueller appointed as Deputy Associate Administrator for Manned Space Flight?
Who was the previous Associate Administrator for Manned Space Flight?
Who was appointed as Deputy Associate Administrator for Manned Space Flight in 1963?
What industry experience did Mueller have?
Where did Mueller think some skilled managers could be found?
Who was hired by Webb to manage the OMSF program?
How long did Phillips manage the Apollo program?
What position did Schriever require Phillips to hold?
What did many engineers fear would be difficult in lunar orbit?
When did direct ascent become popular at NASA?
Who was the Associate Administrator of NASA in 1961?
Who was the head of Seamans' ad-hoc committee?
When did Seamans establish an ad-hoc committee to recommend a launch vehicle to be used in the Apollo program?
Where did Joseph Shea come around to support LOR?
Who became a champion of LOR?
What does MSFC stand for?
Who was Kennedy's science advisor?
Who was the chair of Jerome Wiesner's "Space Vehicle Panel"?
Who reached internal agreement with Jerome Wiesner?
When did NASA announce its decision on the Saturn V launch vehicle?
Who made the squabble public during a visit to the Marshall Space Flight Center?
What did Wiesner blurt out during a visit to the Marshall Space Flight Center?
What does LEM stand for?
Who was selected as the LEM contractor in 1962?
What did the LOR method allow the lander to do in the event of a failure of the command ship?
What was the name of the Apollo 13 mission where an oxygen tank explosion left the command ship without electrical power?
What did the Lunar Module provide?
In what year did the MSC study conclude that the LOR method was finally dropped?
What shape was the command module in Maxime Faget's preliminary Apollo design?
What does CSM stand for?
How many men would the Lunar Excursion Module take to the lunar surface?
How many astronauts did the Command Module carry?
The Command Module was designed to carry three astronauts from launch to lunar orbit and back to what type of landing?
What was the exterior of the Command Module covered with?
What was carried to slow the descent to splashdown of the Command Module?
How much did the Command Module weigh?
What supported the Command Module?
What was used for long-distance communications on the lunar flights?
What happened to the orbital scientific instrument package on extended lunar missions?
How much did the initial lunar flight version weigh?
What was carried on extended lunar missions?
Who won the contract to build the CSM?
How much thrust was the CSM's service propulsion engine required for translunar flight?
In what year did the program definition study conclude that the initial design should be continued as Block I?
What launch vehicle did North American Aviation build?
How many astronauts did the Lunar Module land on the Moon?
Is the Lunar Module designed to fly through the Earth's atmosphere or return to Earth?
How much did the initial LM weigh?
How long did the Extended Lunar Module allow surface stays?
Who was the Director of the Marshall Space Flight Center?
Where did von Braun work before being transferred to NASA?
When did the Saturn V replace the Nova?
What did the live first stages of the Saturn I carry?
When were five boilerplate CSMs launched into orbit?
What satellites were carried by the last three launches of the Apollo program?
What did the Pegasus satellites measure?
What was the upgraded version of the Saturn I?
How much thrust did the S-IVB-200 produce?
What stage of the Saturn V was the S-IVB used as?
How many pounds could the Saturn IB send into low Earth orbit?
What was the name of the first stage of the S-IC?
How big was the Saturn V?
How many stages did the Saturn V have?
What did the second and third stages of the Saturn V use?
Who were the Apollo astronauts chosen from?
How many missions were commanded by Gemini or Mercury veterans?
Who was the first NASA scientist astronaut to fly in space?
What was the last mission that Dr. Harrison Schmitt landed on the Moon on?
When did Harrison Schmitt land on the Moon?
How many astronauts were awarded the Distinguished Service Medal?
What was the highest award given to the astronauts?
When were Grissom, White, and Chaffee awarded the Distinguished Service Medal?
Why were the crews that flew the first Earth orbital test mission awarded the Exceptional Service Medal?
What was the first mission on which the Distinguished Service Medal was awarded?
When were two Block I CSMs launched from LC-34 on suborbital flights?
What was the altitude of the first Block I CSM?
How far downrange was the second Block I CSM from LC-34?
What was the Command Module validated?
What type of test flight was the AS-206?
What did the astronauts begin wearing after an unmanned LM test flight?
What was replaced with a clear "fishbowl" type helmet?
What did the lunar surface EVA suit include?
What did LMP stand for?
Who was the Director of Flight Crew Operations for the Gemini and Apollo programs?
What astronaut was Deke Slayton?
In what year did Deke Slayton select the first Apollo crew?
Who was the first Apollo pilot?
What was the name of the first Apollo crew?
What happened to the AS-205 mission in 1966?
When was the AS-258 mission planned?
What was the new name of the Saturn IB mission?
What crew were Schirra, Eisele and Cunningham reassigned to?
Who was the program director that investigated North American's problems?
What did Samuel Phillips head to investigate North American's problems?
When was the Lunar Module supposed to be ready for manned flight?
Who was the Manned Space Flight Administrator in 1965?
Where was the Kennedy Space Center's spacecraft tested?
Who decided to name their flight Apollo 1 as a motivational focus on the first manned flight?
What did the plugs-out test simulate?
Where did Grissom, White, and Chaffee train their spacecraft?
What did the crew notice that delayed the sealing of the hatch?
When did the plugs-out test begin?
What caused the astronauts to be asphyxiated before the hatch could be opened?
What happened to the astronauts before the hatch could be opened?
What was the atmosphere in the plugs-out test?
Who oversaw the accident review board?
What did the accident review board conclude existed in Command Module design, workmanship and quality control?
Who replaced Harrison Storms as Command Module program manager?
What did NASA do to resolve the issue of the Command Module accident?
What was used instead of pure oxygen?
What was removed from the Block II spacecraft?
What did the Block II design call for replacing the Block I plug-type hatch cover with?
What did NASA do with the manned Block I program?
What type of space suit did the Block II crew wear?
What type of mission type was approved in September 1967?
What was the first step of the manned lunar landing?
What was used instead of numbers for the manned lunar landing?
What was the name of the first unmanned flight of the Saturn V?
What did the Command Module have to survive a trans-lunar reentry?
When was the first unmanned flight of the Saturn V?
What did NASA cancel after the Saturn V was declared ready to fly men?
What was the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit?
Where was the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit launched?
Who wanted a second unmanned test of LM?
What was the result of the first unmanned test flight of LM engines?
What was the abort mode of the Apollo 5 test called?
What did the D mission use instead of a Saturn V?
What was the name of the animal that the Soviet Union sent around the Moon on September 15, 1968?
On what day did William Anders transmit pictures of the lunar surface?
What did ASPO Manager George Low suggest that Apollo 8 do instead of orbiting the Earth?
Who did the Soviet Union hope to send to the Moon?
What was the name of the veteran crew on the Apollo 11 mission?
When did the G mission begin?
What did the G crew send back to Earth?
Who were the crews on the Apollo 11 mission?
When did the G mission return to Earth?
Where did Conrad and Bean land?
What unmanned lunar probe was within walking distance of the Apollo 12 landing?
What did Conrad and Bean do with parts of the Surveyor?
Where was the first lunar surface color television camera damaged?
What would the final missions of the I and J types carry?
What was revised for the extended missions to allow greater flexibility and visibility for driving the LRV?
How many more planned landing sites did NASA publicize?
How long did the CMP stay on the Moon?
What did NASA plan to increase on the CSM and LM for the last five missions?
What caused the crew to use the LM as a "life boat" to return to Earth?
What type of crew did the first two landings have?
What happened to Apollo after a liquid oxygen tank exploded?
What exploded after Apollo 13 launched?
When did Apollo 13 launch Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise?
What was the name of the first Apollo mission that was eliminated by the use of an existing Saturn V?
What happened to NASA's yearly budget after the first landing?
What were the two unused Saturn Vs at the John F. Kennedy Space Center?
When did NASA cancel missions 18 and 19?
How old are the rocks collected from the Moon compared to rocks found on Earth?
How old are samples derived from the highlands crust?
What geochemical component was discovered during the Apollo 15 mission?
What was the name of the important rock found during the Apollo Program?
Many samples appear to be pitted with what?
What do most rocks on the Moon show evidence of?
What is impact melt?
How much did NASA estimate the Apollo program would cost in 2005?
How many Saturn V rockets did NASA purchase?
What was the estimated cost of the Apollo program from 1959 to 1973?
What was the name of the Apollo Extension Series?
What did the Apollo Extension Series grow into?
What did NASA want to use the empty S-IVB for?
When was the S-IVB launched?
Where was the Skylab station constructed?
When did Skylab's last crew leave the station?
What was the name of the solar telescope that would have been used on the Apollo Telescope Missions?
What robotic device photographed the remnants of the Apollo program on the lunar surface?
Which U.S. flag was blown over during the Apollo missions?
What is the degree to which the U.S. flags remain on the lunar surface?
Who sent the first live televised pictures of the Earth and the Moon to Earth?
What book did the Apollo 8 crew read the creation story from?
How much of the world saw the Christmas Eve transmission?
What did the mission and Christmas provide to 1968?
What was used to record the Moon landing data?
What was the format of the Apollo TV camera with broadcast TV?
What prompted NASA to remove massive numbers of magnetic tapes from the National Archives and Records Administration?
What did NASA want the magnetic tapes to be recorded with?
Who built the Apollo TV camera?
Who compiled the surviving lunar broadcast data from Apollo 11?
What was the goal of removing random noise and camera shake?
What was used in the restoration of the Apollo 11 lunar broadcast?
Who restored the Apollo 11 lunar broadcast data?
What format was the Apollo 11 video restored to?
What are the three sources of European Union law?
What is European Union law?
What are the main sources of primary law in the European Union?
What are the secondary sources of European Union law?
Who makes up the legislature of the European Union?
What is European Union law?
What effect do Regulations and Directives have on the laws of European Union member states?
What are the three sources of European Union law?
Who makes up the legislature of the European Union?
What are the three sources of European Union law?
What are the main sources of primary law in the European Union?
Who is the legislature of the European Union composed of?
How many sources of European Union law are there?
Who applies European Union law?
Who applies European Union law?
What is the name of the treaty that allows the European Commission to take proceedings against a member state?
What is the highest court able to interpret European Union law?
Along with case law by the Court of Justice and general principles of European Union law, what is another source of European Union law?
Who applies European Union law?
What treaty allows the European Commission to take proceedings against a member state?
What is the highest court able to interpret European Union law?
Along with case law by the Court of Justice and general principles of European Union law, what is another source of European Union law?
Who applies European Union law?
Who applies European Union law?
What is the highest court able to interpret European Union law?
What are additional sources of European Union law?
What are the primary constitutional sources of the EU?
Who has the initiative to propose legislation?
Who elects the European Parliament?
What is the supreme judicial body that interprets EU law?
Who is composed of the Prime Ministers or executive Presidents of the member states?
What is the name of the core treaty of the EU?
What is an example of a region that the TEU excludes from the jurisdiction of European Union law?
How can the Court of Justice of the European Union interpret Treaties?
How can individuals rely on primary law in the European Union?
When do Treaties apply?
What are the two core treaties of the EU?
What are two examples of territories where a member state is responsible for external relations?
How soon do Treaties apply in the EU?
What does the Court of Justice of the European Union do?
How did the principal Treaties that form the European Union begin?
What are the names of the two treaties that form the European Union?
When did Greenland sign a Treaty giving it a special status?
When did the UK, Ireland, Denmark and Norway join the European Union?
Who signed a Treaty in 1985 giving it a special status?
What were the main Treaties that form the European Union started with?
When was the Maastricht Treaty signed?
When was the Single European Act signed?
When did the UK, Ireland, Denmark and Norway join the European Union?
When did Greenland sign a Treaty giving it a special status?
When was there an attempt to reform the constitutional law of the European Union and make it more transparent?
What two referendums resulted in the 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe not coming into force?
How did the substance of the Lisbon Treaty compare to the proposed constitutional treaty?
What was the substance of the Lisbon Treaty?
What did the Lisbon Treaty do to existing treaties?
What was the purpose of the Nice Treaty?
What was the purpose of the Nice Treaty?
What two referendums resulted in the 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe not coming into force?
What was the name of the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe?
Who is the main executive body of the European Union?
Who is the main executive body of the European Union?
Who sets the agenda for the EU's work?
How many Commissioners are there?
Who is the current High Representative for Foreign and Security Policy?
What article of the Treaty on European Union states that Commissioners should be "completely independent"?
Who sets the agenda for the EU's work?
How are decisions taken in the EU?
Who refused to consent to changes in the Treaty of Lisbon 2007?
Who should be "completely independent"?
Who was censured by Parliament in 1999?
What did the European Court of Justice hold about a Commissioner giving a dentist a job?
Who found a culture where few Commissioners had 'even the slightest sense of responsibility'?
Who appoints the ECB's board?
Does the Commissioner have voting rights in the ECB meetings?
When was the Santer Commission censured?
What was the name of the case in which the European Court of Justice held that a Commissioner giving a dentist a job did not break any law?
Who found a culture where few Commissioners had 'even the slightest sense of responsibility'?
What was created after a Committee of Independent Experts found a culture where few Commissioners had even the slightest sense of responsibility?
When did the European Anti-fraud Office investigate the Maltese Commissioner for Health?
Who have powers of amendment and veto during the legislative process?
How are equality and democracy deficient?
How often do Parliament elections take place?
What powers do the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union have during the legislative process?
What powers do the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union have during the legislative process?
Who has a monopoly on initiating legislation?
Who have powers of amendment and veto during the legislative process?
When was the Parliament's first direct elections?
How often do Parliament elections take place?
What is the largest party in the European Parliament?
Who makes up the Council?
Who is the current president of the European Council?
How is voting weighted to member state size?
How many votes are there in the European Council?
How many votes does the European Council have?
What is the second main legislative body in the EU?
How often does the European Council meet?
How many votes are there in the European Council?
What does TEU article 16(4) and TFEU article 238(3) define as?
What must the Parliament vote by in order to make new legislation?
What does the Council have to vote by to approve changes?
Is it easier or harder to change EU law than stay the same?
What articles state that powers remain with the member states unless they have been conferred?
Who believes it has the final say?
What defines the "ordinary legislative procedure" that applies for most EU acts?
What does the "ordinary legislative procedure" mean?
What articles state that powers remain with the member states unless they have been conferred?
What is convened to try and get agreement on a joint text?
What branch of the EU has played an important role in the development of EU law?
What is the main judicial body of the EU?
How many judges are in each member state?
Who applies most EU law?
What is the CJEU's duty?
How has the judicial branch of the EU played an important role in the development of EU law?
What is the main judicial body of the EU?
What is the name of the tribunal that deals with EU staff issues?
How long is the presidency of the CJEU?
What is the CJEU's duty?
What does the Court of Justice believe has primacy if it conflicts with a provision of national law?
Why did the Italian Constitutional Court say Costa had no claim?
What Regulations did Simmenthal SpA claim the public health inspection fee was contrary to?
Who has had to develop principles to resolve conflicts of laws between different systems?
When was the first major case in the EU?
Which court's view is that if EU law conflicts with a provision of national law, then EU law has primacy?
What takes primacy over national law where this is agreed in the Treaties?
What does the Court of Justice not have the final say on?
What year did Parliament enact the European Communities Act?
What does the German Constitutional Court believe the EU's legitimacy rests on?
What is the view of the German Constitutional Court from the Solange I and Solange II decisions?
What binds EU institutions and member states to follow the law?
When were citizens or corporations said to not be allowed to bring claims against other non-state parties?
What can be subject to judicial review?
What pertains to the European Union's governance structure?
What case was held that the provisions of the Treaties are directly effective?
What article prevented the Dutch Customs Authorities from charging tariffs?
What was Van Gend en Loos?
What are EU Regulations similar to?
What does not generally give citizens standing to sue other citizens?
The Working Time Directive requires that every worker has at least how many paid holidays each year?
Most member states require more than what amount of time in national law?
When did three Advocate Generals argue that Directives should create rights and duties for all citizens?
What is a "vertical direct effect"?
How can a citizen invoke a Directive?
How long did Ms Kücükdeveci work for Swedex GmbH & Co KG?
What company was Foster v?
What did Pubblico Ministero v Ratti do?
Who has a duty to interpret domestic law?
What did the First Company Law Directive article 11 require?
What did the Italian government fail to do in Francovich v Italy?
How much was Francovich allowed to claim from the Italian government for his loss?
Who has developed the principles of European Union law?
What are the accepted general principles of European Union Law?
When did the European Court of Justice recognize the principle of proportionality?
Where is the principle of proportionality recognized?
What must be adopted when there is a choice between several appropriate measures?
When was the concept of legal certainty recognised by the European Court of Justice?
The concept of legal certainty is an important general principle of what?
What must the adoption of laws that will have legal effect in the European Union have?
Where does the doctrine of legitimate expectation originate?
Where does the European Court of Justice draw inspiration from?
What does the European Court of Justice cannot uphold measures that are incompatible with?
How many treaties establishing the European Union mention protection for fundamental rights?
Who was concerned that European Union measures should be prevented from violating human rights?
When was the European Convention on Human Rights established?
What was the name of the European Court of Justice?
When did the European Council set up a body tasked with drafting a European Charter of Human Rights?
When was the Lisbon Treaty signed?
What document was adopted at Strasbourg on December 12, 2007?
The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union has become an integral part of what law?
Who enforces the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union?
The Social Chapter is a chapter of what treaty?
When was the Social Chapter of the Treaty of Amsterdam created?
When was the Social Chapter developed?
How many general principles does the Social Charter declare?
How many pieces of legislation did the Social Charter become the basis for?
Who adopted the Social Charter in 1989?
Who refused to sign the Social Charter?
What did the UK veto the Social Charter being included as in the 1992 Maastricht Treaty?
When was the Social Charter included in the Maastricht Treaty?
What happened in 1997 that allowed the Agreement on Social Policy to be included as the Social Chapter of the Treaty of Amsterdam?
When was the UK Labour Party elected to government?
What law required workforce consultation in businesses?
When did the UK adopt the Parental Leave Directive?
What did the 1994 Works Council Directive require?
What countries signed an ECSC agreement in 1951?
When was the ECSC agreement signed?
What did Article 65 of the ECSC ban?
What article made provisions for concentrations?
When were competition rules included in the Treaty of Rome?
What article of the Treaty of Lisbon prohibits anti-competitive agreements?
What does Article 102 prohibit?
What articles provide that member state's right to deliver public services may not be obstructed?
What prohibits the abuse of dominant position?
When was the concept of a "social market economy" introduced into EU law?
When was the concept of a "social market economy" introduced into EU law?
What is breaking down barriers to trade meant to reduce?
What was originally theorised to give way to a customs union?
Who has taken the view that the specific goals of free trade are underpinned by the general aims of the treaty for improvement of people's well being?
How is free movement of goods within the European Union achieved?
Who was discriminated against by the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union article 34?
What can states be responsible for?
What was the case of French farmer vigilantes sabotaging trade?
What is the treaty on the Functioning of the European Union article 34?
What percentage of alcohol did the German law require all liqueurs to have?
Where did Rewe-Zentrale AG want to import Cassis de Dijon?
What year was the case of Commission v Italy?
What was all Italian chocolate made from?
What did the Court of Justice find in the case of Rewe-Zentral AG v Bundesmonopol for Branntwein?
What two importers claimed that their prosecution under French competition law was unlawful?
What did the French competition law aim to prevent?
What is the name of the case where the Court of Justice reviewed Swedish bans on advertising to children under age 12?
What harmonised restrictions on marketing and advertising?
What did the Treaties seek to do?
Who originally focused on free movement of workers?
What was free movement increasingly based on?
What was the case in which a German man claimed the right to reside in the Netherlands?
What was Steymann entitled to do?
What articles of the Free Movement of Workers Regulation set out the main provisions on equal treatment of workers?
What Belgian footballer claimed he could transfer from R.F.C. de Liège to USL Dunkerque?
What language was required to teach in a Dublin design college?
What article of the Free Movement of Workers Regulation requires equal treatment in respect of tax?
What article of the Free Movement of Workers Regulation requires equal treatment in respect of tax?
What is increasingly seen as a "fundamental" status of member state nationals by the Court of Justice?
What has Citizenship of the EU increased?
What court case held that Austria was not entitled to restrict places in Austrian universities to Austrian students?
What does the Court require more access to?
What protects the "freedom of establishment" in article 49?
How would the requirements to be registered in Milan allow a lawyer to bring a claim?
What was the case in which the Court of Justice held that a refusal to admit a lawyer to the Belgian bar was unjustified?
What article of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union protects the "freedom of establishment"?
In what case did the Court of Justice hold that a requirement for lawyers in Italy to comply with maximum tariffs was not a restriction?
In what year did a toxic waste spill cause the Commission to look into legislation against toxic waste?
What did Spain not have a crime against?
When did the Court of Justice rule that the Commission could not propose what the criminal sanctions could be?
In what year was the competence for the Union to create criminal sentences for "ecological crimes" contested?
What does the "freedom to provide services" under TFEU article 56 apply to?
Why was a Dutch lawyer told he couldn't move to Belgium?
What did the Court of Justice reason was controlled in all member states?
What did Mrs Geraets-Smits claim the Dutch health authorities regarded as unnecessary?
What newspaper's parent company could not evade tax by shifting its residence to the Netherlands?
How much capital did the UK require to start a company?
How much capital did Denmark require to start a company?
What can restrictions on freedom of establishment be justified by?
What case did the Court of Justice hold that a German company could not deny a Dutch building company the right to enforce a contract in Germany?
What is another name for the Amazon rainforest?
How much of the Amazon basin is covered by the rainforest?
How many nations are in the Amazon basin?
How many countries have Amazonas in their names?
How much of the world's rainforest is in the Amazon?
What is the Dutch name for the Amazon rainforest?
What is the largest rainforest in the world?
Where is the majority of the Amazon rainforest located?
How much of the planet's rainforest is in the Amazon?
How many species are in the Amazon rainforest?
What type of forest covers most of the Amazon basin of South America?
How many square miles is the Amazon basin?
How many nations are part of the Amazon rainforest?
Where is the majority of the Amazon rainforest located?
How many species are in the Amazon rainforest?
What caused the tropical rainforest to extend as far south as 45°?
How far south did the rainforest extend during the Oligocene?
When did the rainforest spanned a narrow band?
What happened during the Oligocene?
How did the rainforest survive during the Oligocene?
What may have allowed the tropical rainforest to spread out across the continent?
How far south did the rainforest extend from 66-34 Mya?
What has allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics?
During what time period did the rainforest spanned a relatively narrow band?
How did the rainforest expand during the Middle Miocene?
What event may have allowed the tropical rainforest to spread out across the continent?
When did the rainforest extend as far south as 45°?
When did the rainforest expand again?
When did the rainforest retract to a mostly inland formation?
How long have climate fluctuations allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics?
When was the Purus Arch formed?
What happened to the water on the eastern side of the Purus Arch during the mid-Eocene?
What is the name of the large basin that was created that enclosed a lake?
When did the Solimes Basin break through the Purus Arch?
How did the water break through the Purus Arch?
When was the Purus Arch formed?
Where did the water on the eastern side of the Purus Arch flow?
Where did water flow from the Purus Arch?
What was the drainage basin of the Amazon split into?
What is the name of the large basin that was created that enclosed a lake?
During what time period was the drainage basin of the Amazon split along the middle of the continent?
What was the drainage basin of the Amazon split along the middle of the continent during the mid-Eocene?
Where did the water on the eastern side of the Purus Arch flow?
Where did water flow from the Purus Arch?
What is the name of the large basin that was created that enclosed a lake?
What does the LGM stand for?
What did analyses of sediment deposits from the Amazon basin indicate about the rainfall during the LGM?
What do some scientists argue about the reduction of the Amazon rainforest?
Is the debate over the extent of the Amazon rainforest difficult or easy to resolve?
Are the explanations for the change in vegetation supported by the available data?
How many years has there been evidence of significant changes in Amazon rainforest vegetation?
What two events have caused significant changes in Amazon rainforest vegetation?
What type of deposits were found in the Amazon basin during the Last Glacial Maximum?
What was the lower rainfall during the LGM associated with?
How many years has there been evidence of significant changes in Amazon rainforest vegetation?
What type of deposits were found in the Amazon basin during the Last Glacial Maximum?
What was reduced in the Amazon during the LGM?
What are some scientists argue the Amazon rainforest was separated by?
What does the practical limitations of working in the rainforest mean?
What satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon?
How much dust is windblown out of the Sahara to the Amazon each year?
How far does the CALIPSO satellite travel?
What basin does 27.7 million tons of dust fall over?
How much dust remains in the air at 35 degrees West longitude?
Who has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon?
How much dust is windblown out of the Sahara to the Amazon each year?
How much dust falls over the Amazon basin?
How much dust remains in the air at 35 degrees West longitude?
How much dust is windblown and falls on the Caribbean Sea?
What satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon?
Who's CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon?
How much dust is windblown out of the Sahara to the Amazon each year?
How far does the CALIPSO satellite travel?
How much dust falls over the Amazon basin?
What was Betty Meggers' book called?
What is the population density of the Amazon?
What did the poor soil make it impossible to sustain a large population?
What type of findings have suggested that the Amazon was densely populated?
How many people may have lived in the Amazon region in AD 1500?
Why was it thought that the Amazon was not able to sustain a large population through agriculture?
Who was a prominent proponent of the idea that the Amazon was sparsely populated?
What was the population density of the Amazon?
What book did Betty Meggers write?
Who was a prominent proponent of the idea that the Amazon was sparsely populated?
What book did Betty Meggers write?
What was the population density of the Amazon?
How many people may have lived in the Amazon region in AD 1500?
What was the population of the Amazon in the early 1980s?
Who was the first European to travel the length of the Amazon River?
When did Orellana believe a complex civilization was flourishing along the Amazon?
What was smallpox believed to have devastated the Amazon?
When were geoglyphs discovered on deforested land?
When were geoglyphs discovered on deforested land?
Who was the first European to travel the length of the Amazon River?
When did Francisco de Orellana travel the length of the Amazon River?
When were geoglyphs discovered on deforested land?
Who was the first European to travel the length of the Amazon River?
How long has the Amazon been shaped by man?
What is Terra preta?
What is the distribution of black earth in the Amazon forest?
What did the fertile soil of the Amazon rainforest allow?
What tribe is the Amazon rainforest a part of?
Who found the remains of the Xingu tribe?
What is widely accepted as a product of indigenous soil management?
What did the fertile soil of the Amazon rainforest allow?
What tribe is the Amazon rainforest a part of?
Who found the remains of the Xingu tribe?
What were the remains of the Xingu tribe?
How many insect species are in the Amazon region?
How many bird species live in the Amazon?
How many plant species have been classified in the Amazon region?
How many fish species live in Amazonian rivers and streams?
How many invertebrate species are in Brazil?
How many insect species are in the Amazon region?
How many birds and mammals live in the Amazon region?
How many plant species have been classified in the Amazon region?
How many reptiles have been classified in the Amazon region?
How many bird species live in the Amazon?
How many acres of Ecuadorian rainforest supports more than 1,100 tree species?
How many tree species are found in Ecuadorian rainforest?
How many tonnes of living plants can be found in one square kilometer of Amazon rainforest?
What is the average plant biomass in the Amazon rainforest?
How many species of plants have been registered in the Amazon rainforest?
What is the biodiversity of plant species in the Amazon rainforest?
How many tree species are found in Ecuadorian rainforest?
How many tonnes of living plants can one square kilometer of Amazon rainforest contain?
What is the average plant biomass per hectare in the Amazon rainforest?
How many species of plants have been registered in the Amazon rainforest?
What can produce an electric shock that can stun or kill?
What is the largest predatory creature in the Amazon?
What is known to bite and injure humans?
What do poison dart frogs secrete through their flesh?
What species dwells in the rainforest and can spread the rabies virus?
What is the conversion of forested areas to non-forested areas called?
When was access to the Amazon's interior restricted?
What was the name of the method used to cultivate crops in the 1960s?
Why were the colonists unable to manage their fields and crops?
What is the effect of deforestation from outer space?
What was the total area of forest lost in the Amazon between 1991 and 2000?
How many square kilometres of forest was lost in the Amazon between 1991 and 2000?
What did most of the forest lost in the Amazon become?
Where does Brazil rank in the production of soybeans?
How much of the Amazon is used for livestock pasture?
Whose needs have been used to justify transportation projects in the Amazon?
What did the first two highways in the Amazon lead to?
What is the mean annual deforestation rate in the Amazon?
What has happened in the Brazilian Amazon between 2004 and 2014?
What was the mean annual deforestation rate from 2000 to 2005?
What are environmentalists concerned about?
What are environmentalists concerned about the loss of biodiversity?
What could accelerate global warming?
What do Amazonian evergreen forests account for in ecosystems?
How much carbon does Amazonian evergreen forests store in ecosystems?
What conditions could cause the Amazon rainforest to become unsustainable?
What is one computer model of future climate change caused by?
By what year could the Amazon rainforest become unsustainable?
When could the Amazon rainforest be threatened by climate change?
What could the Amazon rainforest be threatened by in the 21st century?
What continue to be destroyed by deforestation and ecocide?
Along with ethno-biology, what type of conservation efforts have gained increased attention?
What do indigenous territories continue to be destroyed by?
Which indigenous peoples continue to struggle to fight for their cultural survival and the fate of their forested territories?
Where are the Urarina from?
What is being used by the indigenous tribes of the Amazon to protect their lands from commercial interests?
What tribe uses Google Earth to map out their ancestral lands?
Where do the Trio Tribe live?
Why do the Trio Tribe map out their ancestral lands?
Why is remote sensing being used?
What is crucial to accurately map the Amazon's biomass and subsequent carbon related emissions?
What does the biomass of the Amazon cause?
Who organized the trees of the Amazon into four categories?
When did Tatiana Kuplich organize the trees of the Amazon into four categories?
What did Tatiana Kuplich use to classify the different parts of the Amazon?
In what year did parts of the Amazon basin experience the worst drought in one hundred years?
Who argue that the drought response is pushing the rainforest towards a "tipping point" where it would irreversibly start to die?
What is one of the effects of the drought on the Amazon basin?
What is the forest on the brink of being turned into?
Whose results were reported in the July 23, 2006 article in the UK newspaper The Independent?
In what year did the Amazon experience another severe drought?
How many square miles of rainforest was affected by the 2010 drought?
How many epicenters did the 2010 drought have?
In what year did the Amazon experience a drought?
How much carbon dioxide does the Amazon absorb in a typical year?
What is another name for ctenophora?
Where do ctenophora live?
How large are adult ctenophora?
What is the phylum of ctenophora?
What are ctenophora's most distinctive feature?
What do both ctenophores and cnidarians rely on?
How large are adult cnidarians?
What are ctenophora's most distinctive feature?
What is another name for ctenophora?
How large are adult cnidarians?
What do both ctenophores and cnidarians rely on?
What Greek words do 'comb jellies' come from?
Where do ctenophora live?
How much weight can ctenophores eat in a day?
How many species of ctenophores have been validated?
How many species of ctenophores have not been fully described and named?
How many species of ctenophores have been validated?
What are little tentacles fringed with?
How much weight can ctenophores eat in a day?
What do cydippids have a pair of retractable?
What do ctenophores use in their mouths?
How much weight can ctenophores eat in a day?
What are little tentacles fringed with?
What do ctenophores use in their mouths?
What are sticky cells in ctenophores covered with?
How many species of ctenophores have been validated?
What type of hermaphrodites can produce both eggs and sperm?
What do platyctenids' young look like?
How are juveniles able to reproduce?
What is a hermaphrodite?
What are simultaneous hermaphrodites?
What type of hermaphrodites produce eggs and sperm at different times?
Whose eggs are fertilized inside their parents' bodies?
What enables small populations to grow at an explosive rate?
What are hermaphrodites?
What are simultaneous hermaphrodites?
What are sequential hermaphrodites?
Whose eggs are fertilized inside their parents' bodies?
What type of hermaphrodites have large mouths and no tentacles?
Where was Mnemiopsis accidentally introduced?
What ctenophore was accidentally introduced into the Black Sea?
What two factors aggravated the situation of Mnemiopsis in the Black Sea?
What does Beroe prey on?
What ctenophore was accidentally introduced into the Black Sea?
What did Mnemiopsis eat that caused fish stocks to collapse?
Where can ctenophores control the populations of small zooplanktonic organisms?
Where can ctenophores control the populations of small zooplanktonic organisms?
What is phytoplankton?
What ctenophore was accidentally introduced into the Black Sea?
What was Mnemiopsis accidentally introduced into the Black Sea?
What helped mitigate the problem of ctenophores in the Black Sea?
When did the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction occur?
Evidence accumulating since the 1980s indicates that the "cydippids" are not what?
How long ago were ctenophores found in lagerstätten?
What do ctenophores have no?
How long ago were ctenophores found in lagerstätten?
What event occurred 66 million years ago?
Evidence accumulating since the 1980s indicates that the "cydippids" are not what?
What do ctenophores have no?
What are jellyfish and sea anemones similar to?
How are ctenophores distinguished from other animals?
What animals include almost all other animals?
What is an animal phylum that is more complex than sponges?
What do ctenophores have that are sticky and adhere to prey?
What are jellyfish and sea anemones similar to?
What do ctenophores have that are sticky and adhere to prey?
What do ctenophores have that are sticky and adhere to prey?
What types of animals have cells bound by inter-cell connections and carpet-like basement membranes?
What animals include almost all other animals?
What is the middle layer of jelly-like material in ctenophores?
What are ctenophores and cnidarians traditionally labelled?
What have two main layers of cells that sandwich a middle layer of jelly-like material?
Along with cnidarians, what type of animal has two main layers of cells?
What do ctenophores use as their main method of locomotion?
What do ctenophores use cilia for?
What are comb-like bands of cilia called?
What does "ctenophora" mean?
Along with Beroe and Mnemiopsis, what is one of the three coastal genera?
What species are so fragile that it is very difficult to capture them intact for study?
What do ctenophores need to be tough enough for?
What are the three coastal genera of ctenophores?
What is the inner surface of the cavity lined with?
What do photocytes produce?
What is the name of the internal cavity of an annelid's stomach?
How is the internal cavity formed?
What are the most active parts of the animal's internal cavity?
What are the comb rows on a jellyfish's outer surface called?
What are combs also called?
What is the extra compact filament suspected to have?
How do ctenophores swim?
How long are the cilia on a jellyfish's outer surface?
What do some ctenophores rely on to adapt to water of different densities?
Where do ciliary rosettes pump water into if a ctenophores enter less dense brackish water?
What do ciliary rosettes pump water into the mesoglea to avoid sinking?
What do ctenophores do if they move from brackish to full-strength seawater?
What is the largest sensory feature of a ctenophore?
Where is the aboral organ located?
What protects the statocyst?
What is the main component of the aboral organ?
What is the statocyst?
Pleurobrachia is a common coastal what?
What do cydippids have from opposite sides of their body?
What shape do cydippid ctenophores have their bodies?
What are the tentacles housed in?
Where does the mouth of a common coastal "sea gooseberry" end?
What are the tentacles of cydippid ctenophores fringed with?
What are colloblasts?
What are the tentilla of Euplokamis different from other cydippids?
How many types of movement do Euplokamis' tentilla have?
What are Euplokamis' tentilla used for?
How many rows of combs are there?
How far do the combs run?
How are the combs spaced?
What runs out under the dome and splits to connect with two adjacent comb rows?
What are muscular, cuplike extensions of the body that project beyond the mouth of the Lobata?
What are auricles?
How many auricles do lobates have?
What do water currents do for lobates?
What do lobates feed on?
How can Bathocyroe and Ocyropsis escape from danger?
How do Bathocyroe and Ocyropsis escape danger by clapping their lobes?
What are lobates' combs coordinated by?
What are lobates' combs coordinated by nerves rather than by?
What is another name for the Beroida?
What is another name for Nuda?
What do the narrow strips of adhesive epithelial cells on the stomach wall do?
What do the narrow strips of adhesive epithelial cells on the stomach wall do when the animal is not feeding?
What does the Beroida have at the oral end?
What is a ribbon-shaped planktonic animal?
What is one of the largest ctenophores?
What does Cestida mean?
How can Cestids swim?
What species of ctenophores can swim by undulating their bodies?
What are on the aboral surface of Platyctenida?
What do Platyctenids do by everting the pharynx?
What do all platyctenid species lack?
Where do Platyctenids live?
How are eggs and sperm released?
What do platyctenids use?
Self-fertilization has occasionally been seen in species of what genus?
Where are the gonads located?
What type of fertilization are most hermaphrodites?
What do the juveniles of the genus Beroe lack?
Where do the platyctenids live?
When do juveniles attain the adult form?
How do the flat, bottom-dwelling platyctenids behave?
What genus do juveniles resemble?
What happens when some species are disturbed?
When do some species produce secretions that luminesce at much the same wavelengths as their bodies?
What are the secretions of Bathyctena chuni called?
What is the effect of a juvenile's luminescence on an adult's luminescence?
How many ctenophores are predators?
What do Haeckelia prey on?
What do Haeckelia do to their prey?
What does Bolinopsis feed on?
What genus feeds exclusively on salps?
Why were ctenophores regarded as "dead ends" in marine food chains?
What fish digests ctenophores 20 times as fast as an equal weight of shrimps?
What is difficult to identify in the guts of possible predators?
Where do herbivorous fishes deliberately feed on gelatinous zooplankton?
What do jellyfish and turtles eat large quantities of?
What was accidentally introduced into the Black Sea and Sea of Azov?
How was Mnemiopsis accidentally introduced into the Black Sea and Sea of Azov?
How were Mnemiopsis populations brought under control?
When was the Western Atlantic ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi accidentally introduced into the Black Sea?
What did the cooling of the local climate do to the Mnemiopsis?
Why are ctenophores rare as fossils?
What could the Ediacaran Eoandromeda putatively represent?
When was the Burgess Shale found?
How many putative species were found in the Burgess Shale?
How did the three ctenophores appear to be different from living ctenophores?
How long ago was the fossil Stromatoveris dated to?
What fossil is similar to Vendobionta of the preceding Ediacaran period?
What fossil is similar to Vendobionta of the preceding Ediacaran period?
Stromatoveris is similar to what other fossil from the preceding Ediacaran period?
Vendobionta were similar to Vendobionta from what period?
Several studies comparing complete sequenced genomes of ctenophores with other sequenced animal genomes have supported ctenophores as the sister lineage to what?
What is an example of a major animal lineage?
Which modern ctenophores have cydippid-like larvae?
What did Richard Harbison's purely morphological analysis in 1985 conclude that the cydippids are not?
When did the last common ancestor of modern ctenophores survive?
Who concluded that the last common ancestor of modern ctenophores was cydippid-like?
What is the county seat of Fresno County?
How far is Fresno from Los Angeles?
What does Fresno mean in Spanish?
What is featured on Fresno's flag?
What is the county seat of Fresno County?
When did the Central Pacific Railroad establish a station near Easterby's?
Why did Millerton residents move to Fresno?
When did Fresno become an incorporated city?
How many streetcars did the Fresno Traction Company operate in 1931?
What did the Central Pacific Railroad establish around the station?
What percentage of Fresno's population was Asian in 1940?
What was the name of the ethnic neighborhood that Fresno had before World War II?
Where was the Pinedale Assembly Center located?
What was the purpose of the Pinedale Assembly Center?
What was the Fresno Fairgrounds used for?
What was the name of the first successful credit card?
What was the name of the first successful credit card?
What did BankAmericard allow cardholders to do?
In what year was BankAmericard renamed and spun off?
What is the name of the company that renamed BankAmericard in 1976?
Who wrote the song "Walking Into Fresno"?
Who recorded the song "Walking Into Fresno"?
Where did Bill Aken grow up?
Where did Bill Aken make his first TV appearance?
Who adopted Bill Aken?
How many large public parks are in Fresno?
Where is the Fresno Chaffee Zoo?
What is the largest park in the Fresno region?
What is the name of the Japanese garden in Woodward Park?
What is the largest park in the Fresno region?
When did Downtown Fresno flourish?
What was the original name of the Fresno County Courthouse?
What is the Grand 1401?
What was the name of the hotel that was burned down?
When was Fulton Street converted into a pedestrian mall?
What was Fulton Street renamed in 1964?
Who is the only public art piece in the world that one can walk up to and touch?
Where will the public art pieces be placed?
What type of sidewalks will be installed on the east side of Fulton Street?
On what side of Fresno is Sunnyside?
What are the two major thoroughfares in Sunnyside?
When was Sunnyside developed?
What neighborhood is on Fresno's far southeast side?
Who designed the Sunnyside Country Club's golf course?
What is the center of the Tower District?
When was the Tower Theatre built?
What does the name of the Tower Theatre refer to?
What was the original name of the Fresno State University?
How far is Fresno City College from the Tower District?
When did the Tower Theatre re-open?
What did the Tower Theatre show in the late 1970s?
When did Roger Rocka's Dinner Theater & Good Company Players open?
Where was Audra McDonald from?
What roles did Audra McDonald play at the Tower Theatre?
Along with restaurants and nightclubs, what type of theater is located in the Tower District?
How close are bookstores and restaurants to each other?
What is the center of Fresno's LGBT and hipster communities?
What is the center of Fresno's LGBT and hipster communities?
What is the center of Fresno's LGBT and hipster communities?
What type of homes are in the Tower District?
What type of houses were designed by Hilliard, Taylor & Wheeler?
How does the residential architecture of the Tower District compare to the urban sprawl in Fresno?
How have many of Fresno's early twentieth century homes been restored?
What is the name of the boulevard between First Street and Cedar Avenue?
Who mapped the Alta Vista Tract?
What year did developers Billings & Meyering acquire the Alta Vista Tract?
How many homes were in the Alta Vista Tract in 1914?
Who provided streetcar connections between downtown and the County Hospital?
What is another name for the West Side of Fresno?
Where does the west side of Fresno lie from the 99 freeway?
What community is the West Side of Fresno traditionally known as?
What are the main Asian-American populations in the West Side of Fresno?
What is one of the oldest neighborhoods in Fresno?
Who is Kearney Boulevard named after?
What is Kearney Boulevard lined with?
Where is Kearney Boulevard located?
What is the name of the southern edge of the West Side that was given the name by the Fresno City Council in an effort to revitalize the neighborhood's image?
What was known as the "Dogg Pound" in reference to a local gang?
When did the Fresno Housing Authority build public housing developments?
Where is the modern shopping center located?
Who have large processing facilities in the neighborhood?
Where is the Fresno Chandler Executive Airport located?
How much retail activity does the West Side of Fresno have?
Who founded Woodward Park?
How many acres is Woodward Park?
How many people can the amphitheatre at Woodward Park seat?
How long will the Lewis S. Eaton trail system cover?
When is Woodward Park open?
When was Sierra Sky Park formed?
Who created the nation's first planned aviation community?
What was the first aviation community to be built?
Along with personal aircraft, what type of vehicles are allowed to share roads in Sierra Sky Park?
How many aviation communities exist in the United States?
What type of summers does Fresno have?
What is the warmest month in Fresno?
What is the average annual precipitation in Fresno?
Where do most of the wind rose direction occurrences derive from?
In what months does Fresno have an increased presence of southeastern wind directions?
What is the official record high temperature for Fresno?
When was Fresno's record low temperature set?
What year did Fresno get the most rainfall in one month?
What was the heaviest snowfall at the airport on January 21, 1962?
How much rainfall did Fresno get in 24 hours on November 18, 1885?
What was Fresno's population in 2010?
What percentage of Fresno's population is white?
How many Native Americans live in Fresno?
What percentage of Fresno's population is non-Hispanic White?
What was the population density of Fresno in 2010?
How many households had children under the age of 18 living in them?
What percentage of households had a female householder with no husband?
How many same-sex married couples lived in the city?
What was the average family size?
What is the average household size?
How many people lived in the city in 2000?
How many housing units were there in 2000?
What percentage of the city's population is Black or African American?
How much of the city's population is Hmong?
What was the population density in 2000?
Why did the Federal Communications Commission decide that Fresno would only have UHF television stations?
What was the first Fresno television station to begin broadcasting?
When did KMJ-TV begin broadcasting?
What is KMJ-TV now known as?
What is the name of the CBS affiliate in Fresno?
What is the main north/south freeway that connects the major population centers of the California Central Valley?
What is State Route 168?
Which freeway heads north to Yosemite?
Where does State Route 180 come from?
What is the largest US city not directly linked to an Interstate highway?
When was the Interstate Highway System created?
What is the name of the State Route that Fresno bypassed in the 1950s?
Why was Interstate 5 built?
Who provides passenger rail service in Fresno?
Where is the Santa Fe Railroad Depot located?
What two railroads cross in Fresno?
Which railroad operates former Southern Pacific branchlines out of Fresno?
Where is the Santa Fe Railroad Depot located?
What concept did Paul Baran develop in the 1950s?
What was the goal of Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching?
Why was the concept of Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching developed?
What was Donald Davies' contribution to packet switching?
What concept did Paul Baran develop?
What was the goal of Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching?
What was Donald Davies' contribution to packet switching?
What is a method that pre-allocates dedicated network bandwidth specifically for each communication session?
How does packet switching compare to circuit switching?
How is packet switching characterized?
What is a method that pre-allocates dedicated network bandwidth specifically for each communication session?
What is circuit switching?
How is circuit switching characterized?
How is packet switching characterized?
How is packet mode communication implemented?
How are packets forwarded?
How are packets delivered in a shared physical medium?
How is packet mode communication implemented?
How are packets forwarded?
How are packets delivered in a shared physical medium?
What concept did Baran develop during his research?
What did Baran develop the concept of distributed adaptive message block switching into?
What was the main idea of the RAND report?
What is one way Baran's work focuses on the concept of distributed adaptive message block switching?
What did Report P-2626 describe?
How did Baran deliver the message blocks?
What concept did Baran develop?
What was the main idea of the RAND report?
What did Donald Davies do in 1965?
What was the more accessible name for the message routing methodology developed by Baran?
What did Donald Davies do with the packet switching methodology?
What did Roger Scantlebury suggest using the same message routing methodology as Baran?
Who developed the same message routing methodology as Baran?
What was the more accessible name for the message routing methodology developed by Baran?
What did Roger Scantlebury do when he met Lawrence Roberts?
What is included in a packet in connectionless mode?
How are packets routed in connectionless mode?
How are packets labeled in connectionless mode?
What happens at the destination of a packet in connectionless mode?
What does the packet header need to contain?
What does a connection-oriented transmission require a node to do?
How are packets negotiated between endpoints?
What does connection-oriented transmission require?
What do both X.25 and Frame Relay provide?
What is the main difference between X.25 and Frame Relay?
What is the main difference between X.25 and Frame Relay?
What is the main difference between X.25 and Frame Relay?
When did ARPANET and SITA HLN become operational?
What were the differences between different network technologies?
What does the UDP do in a virtual call system?
What is an example of a datagram protocol?
What was AppleTalk?
What features did AppleTalk have?
What did the AppleTalk system do?
What was AppleTalk?
What was the first network to make the hosts responsible for reliable delivery of data?
What was the purpose of the CYCLADES network?
How was the CYCLADES network developed?
What did the CYCLADES network influence?
What is DECnet?
What was the purpose of DECnet?
What happened to DECnet in 1982?
What were the implementations of DECnet Phase II?
What did Warner Sinback do in 1965?
What was the computer time-sharing service?
What happened to GE's computer sales and service centers?
What did Warner Sinback decide in 1965?
Why was the Michigan Educational Research Information Triad formed?
What was the first connection made between the University of Michigan and Wayne State?
What was the main feature of the NSFNET network?
What was Telenet?
Who founded Telenet?
What was the purpose of Telenet?
What did Telenet change?
What company bought Telenet in 1979?
What was Tymnet?
What did Tymnet use X.25, SNA/SDLC, BSC and ASCII interfaces to do?
How did users connect to Tymnet?
What did Tymnet's private network allow?
How was Tymnet used?
What were the two kinds of X.25 networks?
Who developed DATAPAC?
What did X.75 and X.121 allow the interconnection of national X.25 networks?
Who operated AUSTPAC?
What applications did AUSTPAC support?
How can one access AUSTPAC?
What was Datanet 1?
How was the name Datanet 1 used?
What did the name Datanet 1 refer to?
Why was the name Datanet 1 incorrect?
What does CSNET stand for?
What was the purpose of the CSNET?
What did the CSNET play a significant role in?
What is Internet2?
Who built the first Internet2 Network?
What was the name of the first Internet2 network?
What did Internet2 announce in 2006?
What did Internet2 call its new network?
What does NSFNET stand for?
What did the National Science Foundation Network promote?
How did NSFNET develop?
What is the vBNS?
What was the purpose of the vBNS?
How did MCI operate the vBNS?
How fast was the vBNS?
What did the vBNS do in February 1999?
Where did the Black Death originate?
What were the black rats on?
How much of Europe's population was killed by the Black Death?
When did the world population recover from the Black Death?
When did the Black Death recur in Europe?
What is enzootic?
When are the graves near Lake Issyk Kul in Kyrgyzstan?
Nestorian graves dating to 1338-39 near Lake Issyk Kul in Kyrgyzstan have inscriptions referring to the plague disease from which country?
When did famine begin?
How many Chinese were killed by the plague?
Who first introduced the plague to Europe?
Who was in charge of the Mongol army during the siege of Kaffa?
What did the army catapult over the city walls of Kaffa?
Where did the plague go after the Genoese traders fled?
What factors contributed to the severity of the Black Death?
Where did the plague spread from Italy?
Where did the plague spread in 1351?
Where was the plague less common?
Where did the plague spread to from 1348 to 1350?
When was the plague introduced in Norway?
What did the plague cause in the Middle East?
When did the plague reach Alexandria in Egypt?
How did the plague reach Alexandria?
How did Antioch respond to the disease?
Who claimed that the Latin name atra mors first appeared in modern times in 1631?
What is the Latin name for the 14th century epidemic?
Who wrote 'Vulgo & ab effectu atram mortem vocatibant'?
When was the medieval epidemic first called the Black Death?
Where did the name atra mors spread to?
What did the medical faculty blame in a report to the king of France?
Who did the medical faculty in Paris report to that blamed the heavens?
What is the Miasma theory?
What is the most widely accepted theory of the plague?
What pathogen was responsible for the Black Death plague?
When was the investigation of the Yersinia pestis begun?
What was the name of the scientist who discovered the Yersinia pestis?
What was established in 1898 by Paul-Louis Simond?
What was the bubonic plague mechanism dependent on?
Who wrote about the 'Great Pestilence' in 1893?
What did Gasquet think the Great Pestilence would appear to be?
When was the second edition of the Bubonic plague for the Black Death published?
What did Gasquet implicate in the bubonic plague for the Black Death?
What was the Justinian plague?
What is the mortality rate of the bubonic plague?
What is the temperature of the bubonic plague?
How many people who contract the bubonic plague die within eight days?
What is the mortality rate of the pneumonic plague?
What is the name for purpura due to disseminated intravascular coagulation?
When did the PLoS Pathogens publish a paper about Yersinia pestis?
What did the multinational team do in October 2010?
How was the presence of Yersinia pestis assessed?
Where was Yersinia pestis found?
What did the new research show about Yersinia pestis?
What are the clades of the Y. pestis genome associated with medieval mass graves?
What modern Y. pestis strains were found to be ancestral to?
What did the clades of Y. pestis ancestral to medieval mass graves suggest?
How did the first variant of the plague enter Europe?
When did the first wave of the plague reach England?
What happened to the results of the Haensch study?
Where were the Black Death victims buried?
What did Schuenemann et al. conclude about the variant of Y. pestis?
When was a study published that sequenced the genome of Y. pestis from plague victims?
Who challenged the plague theory in 1970?
What did J. F. D. Shrewsbury note about the 14th century pandemic?
What did J. F. D. Shrewsbury conclude about the modern bubonic plague?
What did Graham Twigg produce in 1984?
Who was the first author to challenge the bubonic plague theory?
What is as important as an identification of symptoms?
Why are researchers hampered?
How much do estimates of the population at the start of the plague vary?
Who usually extrapolates the estimates of the plague victims?
When was the first census of the plague in England?
What did sceptics of the bubonic plague theory argue about the lack of a rat population to account for a bubonic plague pandemic?
What was transference via fleas in goods likely to be?
What are some of the arguments against the bubonic plague theory?
How did the Black Death spread?
How long do the outbreaks of the Black Death last?
What did Twigg suggest was the cause of the plague?
What did Norman Cantor think was the cause of the plague?
What other diseases are associated with the bubonic plague?
What is septicemic?
How many bodies were exhumed from the Clerkenwell area of London in 2014?
What was the most widely accepted estimate for the Middle East during the Black Death?
How much of Paris' population died from the Black Death?
What type of burials were found in central London?
How much of the European population died from the Black Death?
What areas were less vulnerable to the plague?
When did the plague return to Europe and the Mediterranean?
How many people were affected by the Second Pandemic?
How many people did France lose to the plague in the epidemic of 1628-31?
How many preincident populations were there in England in 1300?
When did the Black Death end in England?
How much of the population was affected by the plague in 1471?
When did the Great Plague of London occur?
How many people died of the plague in Paris in 1466?
In what country did the Black Death spread to 25 times between 1350 and 1490?
What was the name of a late outbreak of the plague in central Europe?
What was the name of the last plague outbreak that ravaged Oslo?
How many times did the plague occur in Venice?
How many people died from the plague in Italy in the first half of the 17th century?
How many people were killed by the plague in Naples in 1656?
What did the plague of 1649 do to the population of Seville?
What was the Great Northern War?
When was Europe's last major epidemic?
When was the plague present in the Islamic world?
How many inhabitants did Algiers lose to the plague?
How long did the plague remain a major event in Ottoman society?
How much of Baghdad's population has been wiped out by the plague?
What does a rock crystallize from?
What type of rock can be turned into a sedimentary rock?
What is formed when a rock is re-melted?
What are the three major types of rock?
What changes the mineral content of a rock to make it metamorphic?
What discovery in the 1960s showed that the Earth's lithosphere is separated into a number of tectonic plates?
What does the Earth's lithosphere include?
What are the tectonic plates that move across the solid upper mantle called?
The oceanic lithosphere is the rigid upper thermal boundary layer of what?
When did a series of discoveries show that the Earth's lithosphere is separated into a number of tectonic plates?
What are mid-ocean ridges explained as?
Arcs of volcanoes and earthquakes were explained as what?
What did the San Andreas fault system result in powerful earthquakes?
Whose theory of continental drift was influenced by plate tectonics?
The power of the theory of plate tectonics lies in its ability to combine all of the observations into a single theory of how the lithosphere moves over what?
What can seismologists use to image the interior of the Earth?
What is on top of the layered model of the Earth?
What is below the crust and lithosphere of the Earth?
What have seismologists been able to create detailed images of inside the earth?
What parts of the Earth are below the layered model?
What does the second scale of the geologic time scale show?
What is a very short period with short epochs?
Which epoch is too small to be shown clearly on the third timeline?
The Pleistocene (P) epoch stands for what?
What pertains to the formation of faults and the age of the sequences through which they cut?
If a fault is found that penetrates some formations but not those on top of it, what must the formations that are not cut be?
What can help determine if a fault is a normal fault or a thrust fault?
If a fault is found that penetrates some formations but not those on top of it, what are the formations that were cut?
What is found in igneous rocks?
What are xenoliths picked up as?
What is another term for inclusions in sedimentary rocks?
What states that, with sedimentary rocks, if inclusions are found in a formation, then the inclusions must be older than the formation that contains them?
What is ripped up and included in a newer layer in sedimentary rocks?
What is based on the appearance of fossils in sedimentary rocks?
Who laid out the principles of succession?
What is the principle of succession?
What exist at the same time period throughout the world?
Whose theory of evolution was published?
When did the ability to obtain accurate absolute dates to geologic events occur?
Along with fossils, what could geologists use to date sections of rock relative to one another?
What did isotopic dates make it possible to assign to rock units?
How did geologists previously date sections of rock?
What did isotopic dates allow absolute dates to be applied to?
What can be used to determine temperature profiles within the crust, the uplift of mountain ranges, and paleotopography?
What is the point at which different radiometric isotopes stop diffusing into and out of the crystal lattice?
What is measured in minerals for many geologic applications?
What can provide absolute age data for sedimentary rock units that do not contain radioactive isotopes?
What causes rock units to shorten and become thicker?
Where can thrust faults form?
What do the buckles in the center of the fold create?
What do the buckles in the center of the fold create?
If the tops of the rock units within the folds remain pointing upwards, what are they called?
What causes rock units to become longer and thinner?
What are lenses called when stretched rocks are metamorphosed?
Where can the entire sedimentary sequence of the Grand Canyon be seen over a length of less than a meter?
What happens to rocks at the depth to be ductilely stretched?
How is rock extension accomplished?
What are long, planar igneous intrusions that enter along cracks called?
Where do dikes form in large numbers?
Faulting and other deformational processes result in what?
What maintains the topographic gradient in spite of the movement of sediment?
What is often associated with volcanism and igneous activity?
What do the Hawaiian Islands consist of?
What is the oldest known rock in the world?
The Grand Canyon in the southwestern United States contains almost-undeformed stacks of what?
When did the stacks of sedimentary rocks in the Grand Canyon remain in place?
What is the oldest known rock in the world?
What is petrology?
What is stratigraphy?
What is structural geology?
What do geologists study in addition to rivers, landscapes, and glaciers?
What do petrologists do in the field?
What properties of minerals are identified with a conoscopic lens?
Stable and radioactive isotope studies provide insight into what?
Where do petrologists identify rock samples?
What type of microscope is used in optical mineralogy analysis?
What can  Petrologists perform to understand the temperatures and pressures at which different mineral phases appear?
What can Petrologists perform to understand the temperatures and pressures at which different mineral phases appear?
Along with igneous processes, what type of processes change mineral phases?
Who uses microscopic analysis of oriented thin sections of geologic samples to observe the fabric within the rocks?
What do structural geologists use to observe the fabric within the rocks?
What do structural geologists do to better understand the orientations of faults and folds?
How do structural geologists perform rock deformation in large and small settings?
What are zones in which mountains are built along convergent tectonic plate boundaries?
What is one of the most well-known experiments in structural geology?
What is pulled along a lower surface into a back stop?
What is a critically tapered orogenic wedge?
What models work in the same way as the analog models?
Who analyzes samples of stratigraphic sections that can be returned from the field?
What do stratigraphers analyze data from?
What can be combined with geophysical data to produce a better view of the subsurface?
What do stratigraphers use to do this in three dimensions?
What can stratigraphers locate areas for?
Why do geochronologists date rocks within the stratigraphic section?
Who analyzes rock samples from outcrops and drill cores?
Who looks for signs of magnetic reversals in igneous rock units within drill cores?
Who is able to accurately date rocks within the stratigraphic section?
Where does Garrison believe the origin of geology can be traced to?
Who was one of the earliest Persian geologists?
Who formulated a hypothesis for the process of land formation?
Who proposed detailed explanations for the formation of mountains and the origin of earthquakes?
What was Shen Kuo's hypothesis based on?
Who was the first modern geologist?
What was the name of James Hutton's paper?
When did Hutton publish a two-volume version of his ideas?
What did Hutton say in his theory of the Earth?
Who produced the first geological map of the US?
When was the first geological map of the US produced?
When did William Maclure begin making a geological survey of the United States?
What was the name of Maclure's memoir?
Who submitted the results of Maclure's unaided labours?
What was the name of Sir Charles Lyell's book?
What doctrine did Principles of Geology promote?
What doctrine did Principles of Geology promote?
What is the theory that Earth's features formed in single, catastrophic events and remained unchanged thereafter?
Who was influenced by Principles of Geology?
How far is Newcastle from Edinburgh?
How far is Newcastle from the North Sea?
What network of European cities is Newcastle a part of?
What county was Newcastle part of before it became part of Tyne and Wear?
What is the regional nickname for people from Newcastle and the surrounding area?
Who was William the Conqueror's eldest son?
What trade did Newcastle become an important centre for in the 14th century?
What type of mining area did Newcastle become a major mining area for?
When did the port of Newcastle develop?
What is the world's most popular half marathon?
What was the first recorded settlement in what is now Newcastle?
Pons Aelius was a Roman fort and bridge across what river?
How many people lived in Pons Aelius?
What Roman wall is still visible in parts of Newcastle?
What tribes came to Newcastle from the north?
What was Newcastle's northern fortress during the Middle Ages?
Who granted Newcastle a new charter in 1589?
How tall was the stone wall that was built around Newcastle in the 13th century?
Who was imprisoned in Newcastle in 1174?
How many times was Newcastle defended against the Scots in the 14th century?
What did a royal act restrict all shipments of from Tyneside to Newcastle Quayside?
What was the cartel of Newcastle burgesses known as?
What does the phrase "Take coals to Newcastle" mean?
What type of entrepreneur was Timothy Dexter?
What did merchants plan to do with Timothy Dexter's coal shipment?
Who worked on the keelmen?
What were keels?
How many out of the 20,000 inhabitants of Newcastle died of the plague in the 1630s?
What percentage of Newcastle's population died from the plague in 1636?
What type of loss did the plague cause in Newcastle?
Who did the North declare for during the English Civil War?
Who was Cromwell's allies in the English Civil War?
What did the Scots use to storm Newburn?
What does "Fortiter Defendit Triumphans" mean?
Who was imprisoned in Newcastle by the Scots?
What did the Industrial Revolution result in in Newcastle?
What company moved to Newcastle in 1817?
What was Newcastle one of the first cities in the world to be lit up by?
Shipbuilding and heavy engineering were central to what in the 19th century?
What was the name of Charles Parsons' invention that led to the revolution of marine propulsion and the production of cheap electricity?
What type of street layout does Newcastle still have?
What is another name for 'chares'?
What remains intact from the riverside to higher parts of the city centre?
What type of buildings are in Close, Sandhill and Quayside?
What is the House of Tides?
What is the name of Newcastle's neoclassical center?
What did Stuart Maconie describe Newcastle as?
What was voted England's finest street in 2005?
When was Grainger Town demolished?
What was demolished in the 1960s to make way for the Eldon Square?
What is the largest green space in Newcastle?
What do the freemen of Newcastle have the right to do on the Town Moor?
What is the largest traveling funfair in Europe?
When is the Hoppings funfair held?
Who has the right to graze cattle on the Town Moor?
What has replaced former shipping premises with imposing new office developments?
Who commissioned the Gateshead Millennium Bridge?
Who designed The Sage Gateshead music centre?
What is the link between Newcastle and Gateshead?
How many days was the Bambuco Bridge in 2008?
What is the name of the historic heart of Newcastle?
When was Grainger built?
How high are the buildings in Grainger Town?
How many of Grainger Town's 450 buildings are listed?
What was the original name of the Grainger Market?
When did the Grainger Market open?
How many people attended the Grainger Market's grand dinner?
What does the Laing Art Gallery have of the Grainger Market?
Who listed the Grainger Market as grade I?
What type of climate is Newcastle?
What effect does the Gulf Stream have on the climate in Newcastle?
What is the shadow of the North Pennines?
When did the temperature in Newcastle drop to 12.6 degrees Fahrenheit?
What is Newcastle's climate similar to?
In what year was Newcastle ranked ninth in the retail centre expenditure league of the UK?
What is the largest shopping complex in Newcastle?
What is often cited as the world's first department store?
How did the Bainbridge's official ledgers report revenue?
When did the new bus station open in Newcastle?
What type of destination is Grainger Street?
What type of shopping areas are Gosforth and Byker?
What store is located in Kingston Park?
What is the largest indoor shopping center in Europe?
Where is the MetroCentre located?
What was the dominant housing form constructed at the time when the industrial centers on Tyneside were growing most rapidly?
What were Tyneside flats built as?
Where was a new development built that recreated the Tyneside flats?
What was the profession of Cany Ash and Robert Sakula?
What were architects Cany Ash and Robert Sakula attracted by?
What was the proportion of detached homes in the 2010 Census?
What was the proportion of converted or shared houses in 2011?
What type of markets are in Harrogate, Cheltenham, Bath, inner London, Hastings, Brighton and Tunbridge Wells?
What is the authority one of few to see the proportion of detached homes rise in the 2010 Census?
What is the name of the city in which the proportion of detached homes rose in the 2010 Census?
In what year was the population of the city of Newcastle calculated?
What type of borough is Newcastle?
What type of population does Newcastle have?
What type of universities are located in Newcastle?
Jesmond and Heaton have what type of population?
What is the average age of people living in Newcastle?
What type of ancestors do many people in Newcastle have?
What surname does Newcastle have a strong presence of?
How many Bolivians live in Newcastle?
What percentage of Newcastle's population is Bolivian?
What is the name of the dialect of Newcastle?
Who spoke the Geordie dialect?
What does the Geordie dialect retain?
What word is pronounced "deed", "coo", "hoos" and "strang" in the Geordie dialect?
What does "burn" mean?
Where do the words "bairn" and "hyem" originate from?
Where are some words from the Geordie dialect used?
What language do the words "bonny" and "stot" appear to be used in?
What appear to be used exclusively in Newcastle and the surrounding area?
What language does the word "hoy" come from?
What was published in early February 2007?
In 2007 the Ear Institute at the University College London and Widex named Newcastle what kind of city?
What is the average decibel level in Newcastle?
What did the Ear Institute claim the noise levels would have on the health of the city's residents?
What was Newcastle's arbitrarily selected location?
What is the name of the popular area for nightlife in Newcastle?
What type of complex is The Gate?
How many screens is the Empire multiplex cinema?
What is the name of Newcastle's gay scene?
What does the Pink Triangle have?
What has Newcastle a proud history of?
Who managed the original Theatre Royal in Newcastle?
What did Stephen Kemble guide the theatre through?
When did the original Theatre Royal open in Newcastle?
What street was the original Theatre Royal demolished to make way for?
What type of theatres are in Newcastle?
What is the largest theatre in Newcastle?
What company performs at the Theatre Royal?
What does the Theatre Royal feature?
What was NewcastleGateshead voted in 2006?
What is the largest independent library outside London?
How many CDs does the Literary and Philosophical Society's music library contain?
Who designed the building at the Literary and Philosophical Society of Newcastle upon Tyne?
What was the first public building to be lit by electric light?
Who gave a lecture at the Literary and Philosophical Society of Newcastle upon Tyne?
What is the name of the festival that takes place in Newcastle and Gateshead in April?
In what month is the Evolution Festival held?
How often is the AV Festival held in March?
What is the name of the food and drink festival in Newcastle and Gateshead?
How many weeks does EAT! NewcastleGateshead run each year?
What is the largest travelling fair in Europe?
When does the Hoppings take place?
What movement did the Hoppings originate from?
What is the Northern Rock Cyclone?
What is the name of the cycling festival held in Leazes Park?
What multicultural event is held on the late August bank holiday weekend?
Where is the 2009 International Arts Fair held?
What is the name of the annual festival that provides the public with an opportunity to see work by regional, national and international designers?
What type of cultural festival is the SAMA Festival?
What city holds an annual International Arts Fair?
What type of band is Lindisfarne?
When did Lindisfarne release their most famous song?
What band formed in Newcastle in 1979?
What is the name of the first folk metal band?
What band was Andy Taylor the lead guitarist of?
When was the Pilgrim Street building refurbished?
Where was the Tyneside Cinema relocated during the refurbishment works?
How many cinemas does the Tyneside Cinema have?
What is the name of the United Kingdom's last surviving news cinema still in full-time operation?
What part of the building contains the Tyneside Bar?
What is the name of the Science Village museum in Newcastle?
What does the Discovery Museum highlight?
What type of heritage does the Discovery Museum highlight?
When did the Newcastle on Tyne Museum of Antiquities merge with the Hancock Museum?
What is the name of the museum dedicated to children's books?
What was the earliest known movie to feature exterior scenes filmed in Newcastle?
What 1971 film was shot in Newcastle?
What type of film was Stormy Monday?
Who directed Stormy Monday?
Along with Sean Bean and Tommy Lee Jones, who starred in Stormy Monday?
Where is the horse racing course in Newcastle?
What basketball team plays at Northumbria University?
What is the name of Newcastle's speedway team?
Where are the Newcastle Diamonds based?
What is the name of the road race from Newcastle to Blaydon?
How far is Newcastle International Airport from the city centre?
What is the name of the system that connects Newcastle International Airport to the city?
How long is the journey into Newcastle city centre?
How many passengers does the airport handle per year?
How many destinations are available worldwide?
What type of architecture was enhanced in 2014?
How many Grade One listed railway stations are in the UK?
Who was the first covered railway station in the world?
Who collaborated with John Dobson to construct the station's neoclassical façade?
What is the name of Southampton's other mainline station?
How often does Virgin Trains East Coast provide trains to London King's Cross?
How long is the journey time to London King's Cross?
Where do all trains from Virgin Trains East Coast depart from?
What trains serve destinations in Yorkshire, the Midlands and the South West?
Who provides local and regional services to Manchester?
What is the name of Britain's first urban light rail system?
How many phases did the Tyne and Wear Metro system open in?
What type of tunnels were constructed in the Newcastle and Wear Metro system?
What was built across the Tyne, between Newcastle and Gateshead?
How many passengers does the Tyne and Wear Metro system carry a year?
What is the name of the refurbishment and modernization of the Metro system?
What type of ticket gates are introduced at the busiest stations?
What parts of the Metro system are being overhauled?
What is the long term plan for the Metro system?
What would some of the proposed routes require?
What is the name of the major road that runs north to Edinburgh and south to London?
What is the name of the road that heads past Newcastle Airport?
What is the name of the road that heads south to Gateshead, Chester-le-Street, Durham and Darlington?
What was renumbered after the Western Bypass?
What was increased when a project to build a second road tunnel was completed?
How many main bus companies operate in Newcastle?
How many major bus stations are in Newcastle?
What is the primary bus company in the city?
What is Nexus?
What is the name of the bus company that operates from Eldon Square Bus Station?
When did Newcastle first develop its cycling strategy?
What are the social aims and objectives of Newcastle's cycling strategy?
What type of living does cycling promote?
What type of streets do contraflows occur on?
What do the local networks of Newcastle link to?
Who runs a service to IJmuiden?
When did the DFDS ferry service to Gothenburg, Sweden cease?
Why did DFDS discontinue their ferry service to Gothenburg?
When was the DFDS ferry service to Bergen and Stavanger terminated?
What cruise line has included Newcastle as a departure port on its Norwegian and Fjords cruise?
How many LEA-funded schools are in Newcastle?
How many independent schools are in Newcastle?
What is the largest co-ed independent school in Newcastle?
What is the largest general further education college in the North East?
What type of school is St. Mary's Comprehensive School?
How many universities are in Newcastle?
What is the name of the University of Newcastle upon Tyne?
What award did Newcastle University win in 2000?
What is the UK-wide process in which Northumbria University became the University of Northumbria at Newcastle?
What is the name of the University of Newcastle upon Tyne?
How many cathedrals are in Newcastle?
When was the Anglican St. Nicholas built?
What type of cathedral is located in Fenham?
Who is the only parish church in the Church of England without a parish?
What did the three cathedrals begin their lives as?
What is the oldest church in Newcastle?
When was the last addition to the Parish Church of St Andrew made?
What was the last addition to the Parish Church of St Andrew?
What is the church surrounded by to retain its original character?
What part of the church received a battering during the Siege of Newcastle?
Where was ITV Tyne Tees based for over 40 years?
Where did ITV Tyne Tees move in 2005?
What is the name of the 1980s music television programme, The Tube?
Why is the building in Spital Tongues known as the Pink Palace?
What local radio station is broadcast from BBC North East and Cumbria?
What was the first full-time community radio station in the area?
What is the name of the student radio station in Newcastle?
How long has Radio Tyneside been the voluntary hospital radio service?
What radio station is based at the Great North Children's Hospital in the Newcastle Royal Victoria Infirmary?
Where does Newcastle Student Radio broadcast from?
When did Charles Avison die?
What was Basil Hume's title?
Who was the father of the modern steam railways?
What was Sir Joseph Swan's invention?
What country was Abhisit Vejjajiva a Prime Minister of?
What school did Bruce Welch attend?
What sport were Michael Carrick and Alan Shearer?
What award did Peter Higgs win?
What musical instrument was invented in Newcastle?
Where did musicians Eric Burdon, Sting, Mark Knopfler, Cheryl Cole and Neil Tennant live?
Where is the V&A located?
How many objects are in the Victoria and Albert Museum?
When was the V&A founded?
Who is the Victoria and Albert Museum named after?
Where is the V&A located?
When was the Victoria and Albert Museum founded?
Who is the Victoria and Albert Museum named after?
Who sponsors the Victoria and Albert Museum?
When did the entrance to the Victoria and Albert Museum become free?
How many acres does the V&A cover?
How many galleries are in the V&A?
How many years of art does the V&A have?
What cultures does the V&A's collection span?
What type of art does the V&A have the world's largest collection of?
What was the origins of the V&A?
Who was the first director of the V&A?
What was the original name of the V&A?
Where was the V&A moved by September of 1851?
Who designed the South Kensington Museum in 1855?
Who opened the Science Museum in 1857?
When was the official opening of the Royal College of Art?
Who was the first Keeper of Fine Art Collection?
What type of openings were made possible by gas lighting?
When did the Royal College of Art achieve full independence?
When was the Britain Can Make It exhibition held?
How many people attended the Britain Can Make It exhibition?
What was the name of the festival that was planned after the success of the Britain Can Make It exhibition?
What was the name of the museum's 1951 exhibition?
By what year had most of the British Museum's collections been returned?
What was the V&A the first museum in Britain to present?
What British band performed at the V&A in 1973?
Who was the director of the V&A in 1973?
Gryphon explored the lineage of what type of music?
The V&A is in discussion with the University of Abertay, Dundee City Council, and the Scottish Government to open a new gallery in what city?
What is the estimated cost of the V&A gallery in Dundee?
Where is the V&A Dundee?
What will the V&A Dundee focus on?
How long is it planned to take for the V&A Dundee to open?
What was the name of the house that occupied South Kensington?
What was the first building to be erected that still forms part of the museum?
Who was the architect of the Sheepshanks Gallery?
What is on the northern edge of the museum?
What does the Secretariat Wing contain?
What galleries were designed by Owen Jones?
What style was used in the north range of the museum?
Who designed the bronze doors in the north façade of the museum?
What famous scientist was depicted in the astronomy section of the museum?
What famous painter was featured in the murals on the north and west facades of the museum?
Who designed the Green Dining Room?
Who designed the stained-glass windows in the Green Dining Room?
Who designed the Centre Refreshment Room 1865-77?
Who designed and sculpted the marble fireplace in the Centre Refreshment Room?
Who designed the Grill Room in 1876-81?
Who was the next architect to work at the museum?
What did Colonel Henry Young Darracott Scott design to the north west of the museum?
What was the staircase made from?
What is the Royal Institute of British Architects collection used for?
When did the Sackler Centre for arts education open?
What was used to decorate the east side of the building designed by F. W. Moody?
Who designed the wrought iron gates in 1885?
Where are the Cast Courts located?
What was the final part of the museum designed by Scott?
Who designed the exterior mosaic panels in the parapet?
Who designed the main façade of the museum?
What was the main façade built from?
How long is the main façade of the museum?
The tower above the main entrance has an open work crown surmounted by what?
What is interspersed with statues of many of the British artists whose work is displayed in the museum?
Who sculpted the frame around the arches and entrance?
How many levels of galleries do the façades surround?
Who sculpted the frame around the arches and entrance?
What type of marble is used in the entrance hall and flanking staircases?
Who appears above the frame around the arches and entrance?
What was the name of the new storage space for books in the museum in 1966 and 1967?
What wing was acquired from the Royal College of Science in 1974?
What was constructed on the site of the former boiler house?
Who designed the iron gates for the Art Library?
What was the original name of the boiler house?
What gallery was redesigned in the 1990s?
What was restored as part of the 2006 renovation of the sculpture gallery?
What is the name of the major redesign of the British Galleries?
What tube station does the tunnel to the subway lead to?
Who designed the new cafe at the British Galleries?
Who redesigned the John Madejski Garden?
What was the new name of the central garden at the Museum of Modern Art?
What shape is the water feature in the John Madejski Garden?
What can the elliptical water feature in the John Madejski Garden be used for?
What tree is planted in the two corners of the north façade of the museum?
When did the V&A open its first permanent gallery in the UK?
Who opened the first permanent gallery in the UK?
How many drawings are in the RIBA Drawings and Archives Collection?
What collection has been transferred to the V&A?
How many photographs are in the RIBA Drawings and Archives Collection?
Whose drawings are the largest in the world?
Whose drawings are in the RIBA collection?
How many drawings by Andrea Palladio are in the RIBA collection?
Which British architect is represented in the RIBA collection?
Whose drawings are in the RIBA collection?
Where is Sir Paul Pindar's house located?
What was the facade of Sir Paul Pindar's house a rare survivor of?
When is the facade of Sir Paul Pindar's house from Bishopsgate?
What chateau has a dormer window dated 1523-35?
What is an example of a column from the main architecture gallery?
How many items are in the Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art?
When did the Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art open?
What is the centerpiece of the Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art?
The Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art is located in what country?
When was the Salting Bequest?
How many objects are in the Jawaharlal Nehru gallery of Indian art?
How many textiles are in the Jawaharlal Nehru gallery of Indian art?
How many paintings are in the Jawaharlal Nehru gallery of Indian art?
When did the Jawaharlal Nehru gallery of Indian art open?
What gallery of Indian art opened in 1991?
How many works of art are displayed at the T. T. Tsui Gallery of Chinese art?
What countries are in the Far Eastern collection?
What is the name of the Far Eastern gallery?
When did the T. T. Tsui Gallery of Chinese art open?
What dynasties do most of the art on display at the T. T. Tsui Gallery date from?
What gallery of Japanese art opened in December 1986?
When did the Toshiba gallery of Japanese art open?
In what century was Amida Nyorai sculpted?
What years are the majority of the exhibits in the Toshiba gallery of Japanese art from?
What material is Suzuki Chokichi's incense burner?
When was Tibetan art from?
What country's art is on display in the museum?
What type of sculptures reflect the influence of India?
What are gleaming boxes inlaid with?
Along with terracotta and stone, what material is used in Tibetan art?
Who wrote the Codex Forster?
What are the names of the three parchment-bound manuscripts in the Codex Forster?
How many books did Alexander Dyce leave to the museum in 1869?
When did Alexander Dyce leave over 14,000 books to the museum?
When was the Codex Forster bequeathed to the museum?
Along with Beatrix Potter, who was a notable writer in the library?
Along with Charles Dickens, who was a notable writer in the library?
What centuries are the illuminated manuscripts in the library from?
What is the Armagnac manuscript of?
Who illuminated the 1524 Charter?
What is another name for the National Art Library?
What was the name of the computer system used by the National Art Library from the 1980s to the 1990s?
What does EAD stand for?
What type of items do not show up in the computer system at the Victoria and Albert Museum?
What is a feature on the Victoria and Albert Museum web-site called?
When did the Factory Project begin?
What was the name of the large scale digitization project that began in 2007?
Who did the Factory Project reference?
How many images were taken during the first year of the Factory Project?
What is the second step of the Factory Project?
Who purchased or commissioned European artists?
Where did British patrons import their work from?
Who is one designer and artist that is on display at the Royal Institute?
Who was a major influence on the Gothic Revival?
What items were imported from Asia?
What led to the production of tea paraphernalia?
In the Georgian era, what was the emphasis on?
Who led the backlash against industrialization?
What led to entrepreneurs such as Josiah Wedgwood and Eleanor Coade?
What movement did the backlash against industrialization contribute to?
What is a full-scale replica of?
How is Trajan's Column made to fit under the ceiling?
What is the full-size replica of Michelangelo's work?
What do the Cast Courts contain?
How is the Verrocchio replica of Michelangelo's David displayed?
When was the Meissen Vulture created?
Who designed the Möllendorff Dinner Service?
When was the Möllendorff Dinner Service designed?
When was the Salting Bequest made?
What did the Salting Bequest enrich the museum's stock of?
What famous potters are represented in the collection?
Where was Delftware produced?
What are the largest objects in the collection?
What centuries are the largest objects in the collection?
Where were the largest ceramic stoves from the 16th and 17th centuries made?
How many years of glassmaking does the museum have?
How many items are in the glass collection?
Where does the earliest glassware on display come from?
Who represents the Art Deco style?
Who made Art Nouveau glass?
When was the main gallery redesigned?
Who created the glass balustrade on the staircase and mezzanine?
When did the gallery covering contemporary glass open?
Who created the chandelier in the rotunda at the Museum's main entrance?
What century was the Luck of Edenhall made?
How many British artists are represented in the collection?
How many old master works are in the museum's collection?
Whose works are included in the collection?
Who is one of the artists represented in the collection?
What is the name of the artist whose work is in the collection?
How many outfits are in the Talbot Hughes collection?
Where are sketches and other works on paper held at the V&A?
Why is the V&A's costume collection dominated by fashionable clothes for special occasions?
When did the V&A receive the Talbot Hughes collection?
Who gave the V&A the Talbot Hughes collection?
When did the Museum acquire the Vivienne Westwood collection?
Whose costumes did the Museum acquire in 2002?
How many Vivienne Westwood costumes did the Museum acquire in 2002?
Whose collection of Vivienne Westwood costumes did the Museum acquire in 2002?
What type of fashion does the museum continue to acquire?
What types of objects are in the Soulages collection?
When was the Soulages collection acquired?
What was left to the museum in 1882?
When was the John Jones Collection of French 18th-century art and furnishings left to the museum?
How much was the John Jones Collection worth?
When were the doors in the Antwerp City Hall built?
Who are the beautiful inlaid doors in the Antwerp City Hall attributed to?
When was the Rococo Augustus Rex Bureau Cabinet dated?
Where is the Rococo Augustus Rex Bureau Cabinet from?
Who are some of the modernists in the collection?
How many items are in the museum's jewellery collection?
Where did Napoleon's jewellery collection begin?
When was Reverend Chauncy Hare Townshend's collection of 154 gems bequeathed?
How many gems were bequeathed to the museum in 1869?
Who funded the new jewellery gallery?
What two categories is the collection divided into?
What is the earliest known piece of English silver with a dated hallmark?
How many tonnes of British silver did the Hereford Screen weigh?
Who designed the Hereford Screen?
How many objects are in the Hereford Museum's collection made from silver or gold?
What year is the Gloucester Candlestick dated to?
What was the Gloucester Candlestick made from?
Whose relics are in the Becket Casket?
When was the Becket Casket dated?
What was the Becket Casket made from?
How many people petitioned Parliament for the closure of the Musical Instruments gallery?
Who said the museum wanted to preserve and care for the collection?
What museum was suggested that other institutions could borrow material from the Musical Instruments gallery?
How many instruments were loaned from the Horniman?
What year did the Musical Instruments gallery close?
How many British paintings are in the museum's collection?
How many European oil paintings are in the museum's collection?
How many British watercolours are in the museum's collection?
Who loaned the Raphael Cartoons to the museum?
Who painted the Spanish tempera on wood?
In what year did John Sheepshanks donate 233 paintings to the museum?
How many paintings did John Sheepshanks donate to the museum in 1857?
What did John Sheepshanks hope to do with the drawings he donated to the museum?
What was the most significant oil sketch donated to the museum by John Sheepshanks?
What was the nationality of the artists represented by John Sheepshanks' paintings?
Where are the paintings and miniatures from the Jones bequest displayed?
Who did François Boucher paint in 1758?
What French painting was part of the Jones bequest of 1882?
Who did François Clouet portrait?
Whose photographs of Animal Locomotion are in the museum's collection?
When were Muybridge's photographs of Animal Locomotion taken?
How many plates are in Eadweard Muybridge's Animal Locomotion of 1887?
What do the plates of Muybridge's Animal Locomotion capture?
Whose society portraits are in the museum?
What type of sculpture is the V&A's collection the most comprehensive in the world?
How many objects are in the V&A's collection?
What is the period of the V&A's sculpture collection?
How many uses of sculpture are represented at the V&A?
Who owns Canova's The Three Graces?
What two planets did Bernini work on?
What is the largest item from Italy?
Who designed the Chancel Chapel from Santa Chiara Florence?
What is the date of the Chancel Chapel from Santa Chiara Florence?
How many works are in Rodin's museum collection?
Whose work is Rodin's museum one of the largest collections outside France?
When was Rodin's work given to the museum?
What war did Britain support France in?
What statue was purchased by public subscription in 1902?
Which sculptor was based in Britain and whose work is on display in the British Galleries?
Whose work is on display in the British Galleries?
Whose work is on display in the British Galleries?
Who are some of the sculptors in the British Galleries?
Who opened the sculpture galleries in 2006?
What year did the Dorothy and Michael Hintze galleries open?
How are the galleries overlooking the garden arranged?
Whose works are on view at the Dorothy and Michael Hintze galleries?
What museum loaned works by Henry Moore and Jacob Epstein?
How many examples of textiles are in the Royal Institute's collection?
What continents are represented in the collection?
How old are the textiles in the Royal Institute's collection?
Where is the largest collection of textiles in the world?
How are textiles classified?
What is the oldest known European tapestry?
In what century were the Devonshire Hunting Tapestries woven?
Where were the Devonshire Hunting Tapestries woven?
What do the Devonshire Hunting Tapestries depict?
What workshop was the leading English tapestry manufactory in the late 17th century and early 18th century?
When was the Sicilian Tristan Quilt created?
Who designed the textiles in the Tristan Quilt?
When was 'The Forest' tapestry created?
Who designed the rugs and fabrics in the art deco period?
Who designed a rug from the art deco period?
What was the former name of the V&A Theatre & Performance galleries?
When did the V&A Theatre & Performance galleries open?
What does the V&A hold the UK's biggest national collection of?
Whose day was the UK's biggest national collection of material about live performance in the UK?
What are the collections of the V&A available for?
What is responsible for the long-term preservation of the collections?
What do conservators control in the museum environment?
What type of conservation involves cleaning and reintegration to strengthen fragile objects?
What is the V&A Museum of Childhood a part of?
What type of conservation is the conservator responsible for?
What company is the Disney-ABC Television Group a subsidiary of?
When was the American Broadcasting Company founded?
Where is the headquarters of the American Broadcasting Company?
Where is the American Broadcasting Company headquartered?
What division of The Walt Disney Company is the Disney-ABC Television Group a subsidiary of?
When did ABC first launch?
What was ABC originally launched as?
When did ABC expand its operations to television?
What sports channel did ABC purchase 80% of?
What company did ABC merge with in the 1980s?
How many affiliated television stations does ABC have?
Who purchased the ABC Radio properties in 2007?
How many owned and operated television stations does ABC have?
Who imposes the simultaneous substitution regulations on ABC programs?
Who purchased the ABC Radio properties in 2007?
What was the name of the electronics manufacturer that owned NBC?
What were the names of the two radio networks owned by RCA?
What did NBC Red serve?
What did the NBC Blue Network test?
What was the name of the radio network owned by RCA?
Who filed a complaint with the FCC in 1934?
In what year did the FCC publish a report on the broadcasting of network radio programs?
When did the FCC publish its report on the broadcasting of network radio programs?
What was the principal radio network in the United States?
Which network did RCA give up control of in 1940?
Who did RCA give the mandate to sell NBC Blue in 1941?
What did RCA convert into an independent subsidiary?
What investment firm offered $7.5 million to purchase NBC Blue?
Who was the president of RCA in 1942?
How much did Dillon, Read & Co. offer to buy NBC Blue?
What did Edward John Noble own?
When was the transaction authorized?
Who did Noble acquire the rights to the "American Broadcasting Company" name from?
What position did Edward Woods hold at ABC?
When did Woods leave ABC?
What did ABC use to pre-record its programming?
Who conducted the symphony performances on NBC Blue?
Who became an aggressive competitor to NBC and CBS?
Who was an example of a big name that ABC was able to attract?
What was NBC Blue's tradition?
How much did Disney sell its 33% stake in Eurosport in June 2000?
What was the name of ABC's free-to-air channel in the United Kingdom owned by the ABC Group?
When did Disney discontinue ABC1?
What was the name of ABC's international network that was discontinued in 2007?
Where is ABC broadcast?
In what year did ABC sell programs to networks not owned by ABC?
What caused ABC to sell programs to networks not owned by ABC?
Where did ABC sell its interests in international networks in the 1970s?
What did governments want to strengthen?
What was ABC's first international activity?
Where did Leonard Goldenson invest in broadcasting properties in the mid-1960s?
What network did Leonard Goldenson acquire a 5% stake in in 1951?
Why were CBS and NBC unable to cover the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II?
What was the cause of CBS and NBC not being able to cover the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II?
ABC owns the broadcast rights to most of what television specials?
What is one of the four major awards that ABC holds broadcast rights to?
When did CBS first broadcast the Peanuts specials?
What is one of the major awards that ABC holds broadcast rights to?
Along with Charlie Brown and A Charlie Brown Thanksgiving, what is an example of a Peanuts special broadcast by ABC?
When did ABC first broadcast Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve?
Who later hosted Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve?
When was the Miss America pageant first aired on ABC?
Where was Dick Clark's countdown aired on ABC?
What cable channel took over the television rights to the Miss America pageant?
What is the longest-running entertainment program on ABC?
When did ABC start broadcasting the morning news program Good Morning America?
What soap opera was cancelled by CBS in 1975?
What are two talk shows on ABC's daytime schedule?
When did General Hospital first air?
What weekend event does ABC air that is not broadcast by ESPN?
When did ESPN take over responsibilities for ABC's sports division?
What time of day does ABC air sports programming on weekend afternoons?
What league's games does ABC air on Sundays?
What two events does ABC air in the summer?
Who was ABC's vice-president of engineering?
What were the low-band VHF frequencies for ABC's radio station?
In what year did ABC submit five applications for television station licenses?
What did the applications for radio station licenses request the stations to broadcast on?
How many existing television stations were there in the US before the freeze ended in 1952?
How many competing networks did ABC have in 1949?
What was the name of ABC's third rival?
Which two competing networks did ABC have less coverage than in the fall of 1949?
Who forced United Paramount Theatres to become an independent entity?
What company did United Paramount Theatres separate itself from?
How many full-time affiliates did ABC have?
Who was rumored to be selling ABC in 1951?
Who loaned Noble $5 million to prevent ABC from going bankrupt?
Who was the president of UPT in 1951?
Who was the founder of CBS?
When was the tentative agreement between Goldenson and Noble approved?
When did the FCC end its freeze on new station license applications?
When did the FCC approve the purchase of ABC?
What was the name of the merged company?
Where was American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres, Inc. headquartered?
When did ABC's flagship station sign on to the air?
When did the FCC freeze new station applications?
Where was the transmitter built for ABC's flagship station?
What was the name of ABC's flagship station in Hollywood?
When did ABC premiere The Flintstones?
What decade was marked by the rise of family-oriented series?
Who starred in the animated series The Flintstones?
What decade was marked by the rise of family-oriented series?
When did Walt Disney Productions buy ABC's shares in Disneyland?
Who approached Walt Disney to produce color broadcasts of his anthology series?
When was ABC's television contract for Walt Disney Presents due to expire?
When did ABC resume its relationship with Disney?
What was ABC's web-based promotional campaign focused around?
Who was hired to design and produce ABC's 2001-02 identity?
What color was ABC's 2001-02 identity?
What was the name of ABC's web-based promotional campaign?
Who designed the ABC graphical identity in 1998?
When did ABC stop using its 1998-2002 four-note jingles?
What was the new four-note theme tune based on?
Where is the old four-note theme tune still used?
When did the ABC logo first appear as an on-screen bug?
When did the ABC logo first appear?
When was the ABC logo featured on ID sequences?
What was the ABC logo slogan on ID sequences in 1983?
In what year was the ABC Circle logo created?
What was the background color of the ABC Circle logo?
What type of letters did the ABC Circle logo have?
Who redesigned the ABC logo in 1962?
What type of font did Herbert Bayer create in the 1920s?
Who designed the Bauhaus typeface for ABC in the 1920s?
When did the new ABC logo debut on-air?
What was rumors circulated that Disney-ABC was considering a sale of?
When did ABC announce its restructuring?
How many divisions did ABC restructure in 2005?
In what year did ABC's average viewership decline by ten ratings points?
What was the name of ABC's 2004-05 season?
Who was the president of ABC-ABC Television Group in 2004?
What sport did ABC and ESPN sign an eight-year broadcast rights agreement with?
When did ABC affiliates approve a two-year affiliate agreement?
Who was the Disney Chairman/CEO in 2002?
What was ABC's first hit reality series?
What was the name of ABC's spinoff of The Bachelor?
Who removed ABC owned-and-operated stations from its systems in four markets?
Who did Time Warner Cable have a carriage dispute with?
Who did Time Warner Cable have a carriage dispute with?
On what day did ABC end the 2000-01 season as the most-watched network?
In what year did TGIF end?
Where did Sabrina, the Teenage Witch move to?
What network lost Family Matters and Step by Step in the 1997-98 season?
When was Who Wants to Be a Millionaire premiered?
Who hosted Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?
Who relaunched Millionaire as a syndicated program?
Who was the original host of Millionaire?
When did the Walt Disney Company announce the merger with Capital Cities/ABC?
What did Disney rename after the merger?
Who did Disney sell the newspapers to?
Who took over for Thomas S. Murphy after the merger?
What ABC sitcom was created by Aaron Sorkin?
When did color become the dominant format for the three broadcast television networks?
Where did ABC rank in the 1965-66 season?
What was the name of Goldenson's 1991 book?
When did ABC's New York City flagship stations change their callsigns?
Where did ABC's New York City flagship stations move their operations to?
Where was ABC's New York City affiliate?
Who was appointed president of ABC in 1950?
Who did Goldenson propose a merger with in 1954?
What was the new name of ABC-DuMont?
How much money would DuMont receive as a result of the merger?
What company was UPT a subsidiary of?
What was the name of ABC's radio program?
What was the longest-running prime time comedy in U.S. television history?
What film was adapted from the 1947 film Wyoming Kid?
What was the name of the 1954 film The Boy from Oklahoma?
Who did ABC agree to work with during the 1955-56 season of 'Warren Bros. Presents'?
What was the name of the ABC wheel series?
Who was Walt Disney's brother?
How much did Walt Disney want ABC to invest in Disneyland?
When did ABC agree to finance Disneyland?
What was the name of the park that ABC wanted to finance in exchange for producing a television program for the network?
Who spearheaded ABC's special programming project for its FM stations?
Who was the president of ABC Radio in 1968?
What concept was launched on ABC's seven owned-and-operated FM stations in late November 1968?
How many owned and operated FM stations did ABC have in 1968?
In what year did ABC launch the Movie of the Week?
What was Steven Spielberg's 1971 film?
When was Steven Spielberg's Duel released?
What was the average budget for the Movie of the Week films?
When did ABC complete its transition to color?
Which network completed its transition to color in the early 1970's?
What did ABC begin to use to better determine what types of sponsors to sell advertising slots to?
What program did ABC debut in 1970?
When did Sunday Night Football move to NBC?
What network took over as the league's marquee game in 2006?
What audience share did ABC get from Monday Night Football?
When did the FCC vote to pass the Financial Interest and Syndication Rules?
When did ABC split into two separate companies?
What was the name of ABC Circle Films?
What did the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act ban?
When did the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act take effect?
Who bought ABC Great States in 1974?
Who was named President and Chief Operating Officer of ABC in 1972?
When did Michael Eisner join ABC?
What was the name of the anthology series Love, American Style?
What was Eisner's main credit at ABC?
What company did Eisner join in 1976?
Who convinced Fred Silverman to become the first president of ABC Entertainment?
Who was the first director of ABC Entertainment?
What detective series was premiered by ABC in 1974?
When did Good Morning America debut?
What position did Silverman hold on NBC after leaving ABC in 1978?
What was the name of the Happy Days spin-off series that debuted in 1976?
What was the trend in the 1970s that featured attractive women in main roles?
Whose novel was Roots based on?
Who produced The Love Boat?
How long did The Love Boat last?
When did Happy Days and The Love Boat take first place in the ratings?
What was the first television series to feature an openly gay main character?
Who was named president of ABC News in 1977?
Roone Arledge was the president of what division of ABC News?
What was the name of the new building that ABC built in its place?
When were the new buildings completed?
When was 20/20 created?
Who was the anchor of 20/20?
Who was Hugh Downs' former colleague?
Who did ABC sell its recording division to in 1979?
What was the name of ABC's 24-hour news channel?
What was the name of ABC's 24-hour news channel?
What was the name of ABC's Flint affiliate?
Which station in Ohio was previously affiliated with ABC from 1958 to 1970?
What was the name of the strike that halted production of ABC programs in 2007?
What was one of ABC's strike-replacement programs?
Who was rumored to be selling ABC stations?
What division did Disney-ABC Television Group merge with ABC Studios?
What was the name of the new division that Disney-ABC Television Group merged with ABC Studios?
What did Citadel Communications rebrand ABC Radio as?
Where can individual episodes of ABC and Disney Channel be purchased?
In what year did the ratings for Lost begin to suffer?
When did the final season of Lost begin?
When was Ugly Betty moved to?
On what day was Ugly Betty moved to?
When did the FCC impose its fin-syn rules?
What was the name of ABC's syndication distributor?
What was the name of ABC's production company when the FCC imposed its fin-syn rules?
Who bought the Ruby-Spears and Hanna-Barbera libraries from Worldvision in 1990?
What is the former name of Buena Vista Television?
What was Disney-ABC Domestic Television formerly known as?
What was the former name of Disney-ABC International Television?
What library is part of the Disney-ABC library?
What are the first two stations to carry ABC's programming?
How many owned-and-operated stations does ABC have?
How many additional television stations does ABC have affiliation agreements with?
What is the national reach of ABC?
When was the ABC logo introduced?
What was the ABC-UPT logo based on?
When did ABC begin its first color broadcasts?
When was Supernanny cancelled?
What was the only remaining program on ABC's schedule to be broadcast in 4:3 standard definition?
What format has all of the network's programming been presented in since January 2012?
What is the name of the affiliate-syndicated Saturday morning E/I block?
What is the native resolution format for The Walt Disney Company's U.S. television properties?
What is the native resolution format for the Walt Disney Company's U.S. television properties?
How many affiliates of Hearst Television transmit ABC's programming in 480i standard definition?
What is the native resolution format for The Walt Disney Company's U.S. television properties?
What was the only drama to be renewed for a second season?
Which of ABC's comedies earned a second season?
Which network did ABC out rate for third place in the 2010-11 season?
What was the name of ABC's only drama renewal?
What soap operas were canceled by ABC on April 14, 2011?
Who sold the rights to All My Children?
Prospect Park revived the soaps for one additional season on what streaming service?
What was the name of the talk/lifestyle show that replaced One Life to Live?
What demographic did ABC drop to in the 2011-12 season?
When did NBC finish the season in first place in the 18-49 demographic?
Who did NBC lose to in total viewership in the 2013-14 season?
Along with The Goldbergs and Resurrection, what ABC hit was renewed in 2013-14?
What was the name of the sitcom that was canceled in the 2013-14 season?
What were the names of the two family sitcoms that anchored ABC's Wednesday comedy lineup?
Shark Tank was based on what reality show?
Shark Tank became a midseason sleeper hit on what day?
Who wrote the sitcom Last Man Standing?
Who left Capital Cities/ABC in February 1994?
Who took over for Daniel Burke after he left Capital Cities/ABC?
What was the name of the gritty police procedural that first aired in 1994?
Who created the NYPD Blue?
How long did the NYPD Blue last?
When did the FCC repeal the Financial Interest and Syndication Rules?
What French animation studio did ABC purchase in 1993?
Who did ABC sign an agreement with to carry its owned-and-operated television stations in ABC O&O markets?
What was ABC's viewership share in 1993?
What radio station did ABC purchase in 1960?
When did WLS launch?
Who was trying to establish a television station in Toronto?
What did Leonard Goldenson acquire a 25% interest in?
What was the name of ABC's anthology series?
Who created Wide World of Sports?
Who was the executive producer of ABC's Wide World of Sports?
Who created Wide World of Sports?
What was ABC's corporate entity renamed in 1965?
What pioneer series was premiered by ABC in 1966?
What was the name of ABC's recording division?
Where was ABC's new headquarters located?
What percentage of prime-time television viewership did ABC have by 1980?
What was the name of the ABC flagship series that debuted in 1981?
What was the name of ABC's Happy Days spinoff?
What was the name of ABC's cable channel that aired as a nighttime service over the channel space of Nickelodeon?
Who did ABC sell KXYZ to in 1983?
What company had an 80% stake in ESPN?
What was the competitor to ARTS called?
What was the name of ABC's cable channel that merged with ARTS?
Who did Thomas S. Murphy delegate his position as president to in 1990?
What position did Thomas S. Murphy remain on ABC in 1990?
How much did Capital Cities/ABC report in 1990?
What is the longest-running prime time entertainment program in ABC's history?
What was the name of ABC's 1991 sitcom starring Tim Allen?
What soap opera is shown on ABC's daytime programming?
What are two talk/lifestyle shows on ABC?
When is Good Morning America broadcast?
Who is the weeknight talk show on ABC?
What are the only states where ABC does not have a locally licensed affiliate?
What is the name of ABC's Birmingham, Alabama affiliate?
What is the name of the ABC affiliate in South Bend, Indiana?
What is the name of the local ABC affiliate in Lima, Ohio?
Who began producing television series for ABC in 1962?
What was Touchstone Television reorganized as in February 2007?
What is the former name of the Prospect Studios?
What is the name of the ABC Television Center?
What building is owned by ABC?
What shows are broadcast from the Times Square Studios?
What was the name of the block of West End Avenue where ABC News is located?
What anchor was renamed to Peter Jennings Way in honor of?
What is the name of ABC's VOD service?
What streaming service is owned by the Walt Disney Company?
When did Hulu begin offering full-length episodes of most of ABC's programming?
What percentage of Hulu did Disney acquire in 2009?
When are the most recent episodes of ABC's shows made available on ABC on Demand?
How many days after their initial broadcast does ABC restrict streaming of the most recent episode of any ABC program on Hulu and WATCH ABC?
What does ABC on Demand disallow?
When did Disney-ABC Television Group restrict streaming of the most recent episode of any ABC program?
Who overhauled ABC's identity?
How many variants of the ABC logo are used on-air, online, and in print advertising?
What was the name of the new custom typeface created for the ABC logo?
What network uses the red version of the ABC logo?
How many primary affiliates did ABC have in 1954?
How many primary affiliates did ABC have in 1954?
What law mandated the inclusion of UHF tuning?
What did the All-Channel Receiver Act mandate?
Where was WKST-TV located?
How much lower did an hour of ABC programming have compared to its competitors?
What station in Wheeling, West Virginia began airing ABC programming on a digital subchannel?
When did small markets have to wait for ABC to begin airing on a digital subchannel?
What was the name of the Disneyland anthology series?
Who pitched the detective series The Untouchables to CBS?
Why was The Untouchables rejected by CBS?
When was the Untouchables debuted?
What was the name of the movie that ABC debuted in 1962?
What was ABC's total revenue in 1962?
The Jetsons was the first animated series to be broadcast in color on ABC?
What was the first television series to be broadcast in color on ABC?
When did ABC debut General Hospital?
Who did Goldenson announce a merger with on December 7, 1965?
Who was the head antitrust regulator for the US Department of Justice?
Who was Donald F. Turner's head antitrust regulator?
When was the merger with ITT canceled?
What company did Thomas S. Murphy work for?
How much did Capital Cities pay for ABC and its related properties?
Who loaned the rest of the money to Capital Cities?
Who did Capital Cities sell WFTS-TV to?
How many television stations did the FCC allow broadcasters to own in 1985?
When did the merger between ABC and Capital Cities receive federal approval?
What was the name of the ABC/Capital Cities merger?
What position was held by Frederick S. Pierce?
Who became vice president of ABC Broadcasting?
Who became president of ABC News and ABC Sports?
What ABC show ended in 1983?
Which ABC show produced a short-lived spinoff in 1984?
What network regained the ratings lead in 1984?
What ABC show ended in 1986?
What did ABC focus on in the mid-1980s?
What was the name of ABC's comedies block in 1989?
What does TGIF stand for?
Who produced many of the series featured in the TGIF block?
What company was Miller-Boyett Productions based in?
How many radio stations did ABC own in Houston?
What was the name of ABC's first film?
Who directed Charly?
When was ABC Motion Pictures dissolved?
Where was ABC Marine World located?
What types of programming did ABC offer that were popular with the public?
How much did ABC's advertising revenues increase between 1953 and 1958?
What was the national reach of ABC between 1953 and 1958?
Who was the president of ABC in 1957?
Who was the host of American Bandstand?
What was ABC's philosophy against its rivals?
What was the name of ABC's actioner series?
Who criticized ABC's western series in 1961?
What shows did ABC defeat in the fall of 1959?
What is the name of ABC's streaming service?
Who were the first stations to offer streams of their programming?
Who reached a deal to offer streams of its ABC affiliates?
What is the sister network of ESPN?
Who owns the largest ABC subchannel affiliate?
What is the largest ABC subchannel affiliate by market size?
What is the largest operator of ABC stations in terms of overall market reach?
How many affiliates does the Sinclair Broadcast Group own?
How many ABC-affiliated stations does the E. W. Scripps Company own?
What was the name of ABC's imaging campaign for the 2007-08 season?
Who developed the ABC imaging campaign for the 2007-08 season?
What did the red ribbons on the ABC logo represent?
What did ABC use blue ribbons for?
What are the names of WTSP's Tampa affiliates?
What are the names of WTSP's affiliates in Kansas City?
What are the names of WTSP's Grand Rapids affiliates?
Who was Tampa's primary ABC affiliate prior to 1994?
What empire did Gaddafi founded?
Who did the Mongols unite?
Where did the massacres occur?
What did the Mongol Empire occupy at the end of his life?
What empires did the Mongols invade?
Who did Genghis Khan assign as his successor?
When did Genghis Khan die?
Who did Genghis Khan defeat in 1227?
Who did Genghis Khan split his empire into khanates among?
Where was Genghis Khan buried?
Where was Temüjin born?
Who was Temüjin's father?
When was Temüjin born?
Who was Temüjin named after?
What was the name of Temüjin's sister?
What were the names of Temüjin's brothers?
Who was Temüjin's future wife?
What tribe was Börte a member of?
Who was the head of the new household in Mongolia?
Who was Temujin's older half-brother?
Who was Temujin's mother?
Who killed Begter?
When did Temujin's resentment erupt?
Who held Temüjin prisoner in 1177?
How did the Tayichi'ud enslave Temüjin?
Who helped Temüjin escape from the Tayichi'ud?
Who joined forces with Temüjin after he escaped from the Tayichi'ud?
Where did Temüjin hide from the Tayichi'ud?
What was used to solidify temporary alliances?
Who taught Temüjin about the unstable political climate of Mongolia?
Who interfered in Mongolia's political climate?
What did Temüjin's mother teach him about the unstable political climate of Mongolia?
What tribe did Börte belong to?
Who kidnapped Börte?
Who helped Temüjin rescue Börte?
What was the name of Temüjin's son?
When was Jochi born?
How many more sons did Börte have?
What was the name of Börte's third son?
When did Chagatai die?
What was the name of Börte's third son?
How many daughters did Genghis Khan have?
What is an anda?
Who was Temüjin's father's anda?
Who was Toghrul an ally of?
How many Keraite warriors did Toghrul offer to him?
Who was Temüjin's childhood friend?
What did Jamukha support?
Who proclamed that the Eternal Blue Sky had set aside the world for Temüjin?
When was Temüjin elected khan of the Mongols?
In what battle was Temüjin beaten?
Where was Toghrul exiled?
What rule of law did Temüjin follow?
What did Temüjin promise to civilians and soldiers?
What did Temüjin's mother adopt from the conquered tribe?
What did Temüjin take over the conquered tribe?
Who was the eldest son of Temüjin?
Who did Toghrul ally with?
Who did Toghrul ally with?
What tribe did Toghrul dissolve?
Who was the next direct threat to Temüjin?
In what year did a khuruldai elect Jamukha as Gür Khan?
What was the title of Gür Khan?
Who was Jelme's younger brother?
When was Jamukha turned over to Temüjin?
What did Temüjin offer to Jamukha?
Why did Temüjin kill the men who betrayed Jamukha?
What did Jamukha request from Temüjin?
How is the custom of dying without spilling blood granted?
Who did Genghis Khan encounter new technologies and ideas?
Who was Genghis Khan's allies?
Who was Genghis Khan's brother?
What was the name of Genghis Khan's spy network?
Who was Genghis Khan's father's ally?
In what year did Genghis Khan unite or subdue the Merkits, Naiman, Mongols, Keraites, Tatars, and Uyghurs?
At what council was Temüjin acknowledged as "Khan" of the consolidated tribes?
What title did Genghis Khan take?
Who was the son of Genghis Khan?
What is a Khuruldai?
What dynasty did Genghis Khan plan to conquer in 1211?
What messenger did the Jin send to the Mongols?
When did Genghis capture and sacked the Jin capital of Zhongdu?
Where did Emperor Xuanzong move his capital south?
Who was the third son of Genghis?
Who was the deposed Khan of the Naiman confederation?
The Western Liao was originally established as remnants of what dynasty?
How many tumen did Genghis send against Kuchlug?
Who was Kuchlug's younger general?
What was Jebe's nickname?
What were the Mongols forced to do with Kuchlug's supporters?
Where was Kuchlug's army defeated?
What lake did the Mongol Empire extend west of?
What is another name for the Khwarezmia?
What was the Khwarezmia?
Who governed the Khwarazmian dynasty in the early 13th century?
Who was the governor of Otrar?
Who was beheaded by the Shah?
How many soldiers did Genghis Khan organize to invade Khwarezmia?
What did Genghis Khan use to trade with Khwarezmia?
What mountains did the Mongol army cross?
How many groups did the Mongol army have?
What part of Khwarzemia did Jebe march to secretly?
Who was the leader of the third division of the Mongol army?
What did the first division of the Mongol army attack?
What was decisive in Khwarezmia's defeats?
What town did the Mongols seize?
What was poured into Inalchuq's ears and eyes?
What did the Shah do at the end of the battle?
Who were ordered to hunt down Inalchuq?
What was the capital of the Khwarezmid Empire?
Where was the capital moved after Samarkand fell?
What did Genghis Khan divert through the Khwarezmid emperor's birthplace?
What did the Mongols use as body shields?
What did Genghis do on his surrender terms?
What was raised as a symbol of victory?
What did the leaders of Bukhara do to the Mongols?
Who held Bukhara's citadel for another twelve days?
Who were sent back to Mongolia?
What did Genghis Khan declare in the mosque of Bukhara?
Who was drafted into the Mongolian army?
When was the defeat of the Khwarezmian Empire?
Who suggested that the Mongol army be split into two forces?
Where did the Mongols overwintered?
What was the name of the battle in 1223?
Who led the Kievan Rus' troops?
Who was the grandson of Genghis Khan?
What group was Batu a part of?
Who led the famous cavalry expedition?
When did the Mongols return to Mongolia?
When did Jebe die?
When did Genghis Khan begin a retaliatory attack on the Tanguts?
When did Genghis Khan take Xiliang-fu?
Who did the Tangut generals challenge to a battle near the Helan Mountains?
What river did Genghis cross to defeat the Tangut army?
What did Genghis Khan see?
What was the capital of the Tangut?
Who was the general who led charges against the invaders at Deshun?
What did Ma Jianlong die from?
Where did Genghis Khan escape to after conquering Deshun?
What did Genghis Khan do to the entire Tangut family?
Who was Genghis' oldest son?
Who voiced the issue over Jochi's paternity most strongly?
What event caused Chagatai to declare he would never accept Jochi as Genghis Khan's successor?
Who was appointed as Genghis Khan's successor?
Who did Genghis Khan want to appoint as his successor?
Which of Genghis Khan's sons was considered unstable?
Who was Genghis Khan's youngest son?
Who did Genghis Khan decide to give the throne to?
When did Jochi die?
Where did Jochi stay when his brothers heeded the order?
Juzjani suggests that the disagreement arose from a quarrel between Jochi and his brothers in the siege of what?
Who did Jochi make an alliance with?
How old was Sultan Muhammad in 1226?
What was the capital of Western Xia?
What was the cause of Genghis Khan's death?
What type of wound did Genghis Khan die from?
What was Yinchuan the capital of?
Who invented the dagger that Genghis Khan died of?
How was Genghis Khan buried?
Where was Genghis Khan's birthplace?
What river is Genghis Khan believed to be buried near?
What is the name of Genghis Khan's memorial?
What is the Mongolian name for the Lord's Enclosure?
What was the name of the Buddhist monastery where the Genghis Khan mausoleum remained for ten years?
Where was the Genghis Khan mausoleum moved in 1949?
When were Genghis Khan's bier and relics returned to the Lord's Enclosure?
Who destroyed most of Genghis Khan's relics during the Cultural Revolution?
When was Genghis Khan's palace discovered?
What was diverted over Genghis Khan's grave to make it impossible to find?
What two Sumerian kings were buried in the same manner as Genghis Khan?
What animals stampeded over Genghis Khan's grave?
Who created the Yassa?
What civilian and military code was created by Genghis Khan?
What was the approach of the Mongol Empire grounded in?
Who was the exception to the Yassa?
Who was a notable member of the Mongol Empire?
What did the Mongol Empire have for religious figures?
Who was Genghis Khan's mentor?
What did the Mongols believe religion was?
What religions did various Mongol tribes practice?
Who was briefly in charge of the Mongol Empire?
What is the alleged policy of encouraging trade and communication?
Who did Genghis Khan's policies discriminate against?
What did Genghis Khan hope to establish under the Great Yassa?
Who was a Khitan prince who worked for the Jin?
Why couldn't administrators be found among the Mongol people?
Who did Chu'Tsai work for?
Who was Chu'Tsai a descendant of?
Who did Genghis Khan put absolute trust in?
What was the capital of the Mongol Empire?
Who was a trusted lieutenant?
Who was allowed to pursue the Great Raid into the Caucasus and Kievan Rus?
What did Genghis Khan expect from his generals?
What did the Mongol military divert to cut off resources for cities and towns?
What two countries did the Mongols use to aid their cavalry in capturing cities?
What was the common tactic of the Mongol military to break enemy formations?
How did the Mongol military take prisoners?
The Mongol Empire stretched from the Caspian Sea to what sea?
Where was the Mongol Empire located at the time of Genghis Khan's death?
Who was the successor to Genghis?
In what year did the Mongol Empire end its war with the Song dynasty of China?
What is Genghis Khan credited with bringing under one cohesive political environment?
Where was Genghis Khan considered a great military leader?
What was Genghis Khan's attitude to religions?
How did the political environment of the Silk Road effect communication and trade?
When did the memory of Genghis Khan have a powerful revival?
What did Genghis Khan do that Mongolians look upon positively?
What do Mongolians refer to themselves as?
What is there a chasm in the perception of Genghis Khan?
What do Mongolians claim about the historical records written by non-Mongols against Genghis Khan?
What is the Mongolian name for Genghis Khan's face?
Whose name is endorsed on products, streets, buildings, and other places in Mongolia?
What is the name of Mongolia's main international airport?
Why have discussions been held about regulating the use of Genghis Khan's name and image?
Where is Mongolia's main international airport?
What was the first written Mongolian law?
What did the Ikh Zasag law punish heavily?
Who is the President of Mongolia?
What did Genghis Khan introduce?
Where is there a monument and buildings about Genghis Khan?
How many Mongols live in Inner Mongolia?
Who established the Yuan dynasty?
What dynasty did Kublai Khan establish?
Who was Kublai Khan?
What country was Genghis Khan a warlord in?
How much of the Iranian Plateau was killed by the Mongols?
How many people were killed by the Mongols in Iran?
Who destroyed much of Iran's northern part?
Who halted Hulagu Khan's forces in Baghdad?
Who was the descendant of Hulagu Khan?
When did the Mongols invade Kievan Rus?
What cities were annihilated by the Mongols?
Who patronized the legacies of Genghis Khan and Timur?
Which Mughal emperor was a descendant of Genghis Khan?
Where did the Mughal emperors live?
What Mongolian and Turkic word is thought to be the source of the name Genghis?
What lake was called tenggis by the Mongols?
What does Zhèng mean?
What would have received the Mongolian adjectival modifier -s?
What did the 13th century Mongolian pronunciation of Jenggis closely match?
What Mongolian language is Genghis Khan spelled in?
What is the Turkic name for Genghis Khan?
What is the pinyin of Temüjin?
What are some English spelled names for Genghis Khan?
What is the pinyin name for Genghis Khan?
What is the Greek word for pharmacy?
What was the main function of a pharmacy?
What do the Greek roots of pharmakos mean?
What is the English view of the term apothecary?
What did the pharmas use?
What are pharmacists?
What do pharmacists strive to ensure for their patients?
What do pharmacists play an important role in?
What are pharmacists also known as?
What do pharmacists have?
Who supervises a Pharmacy Technician in the UK?
Where does a pharmacy technician register as a professional?
What does the GPhC do?
What is a Pharmacy Technician in the UK considered to be?
What has the role of a PhT been passed on to them?
What is Pedanius Dioscorides famous for?
What is the Latin translation of the term "Concerning medical substances?"
What term was coined by Diocles of Carystus?
Who studied the medicinal properties of plants in Ancient Greece?
Who wrote De Materia Medica?
How were men who fulfilled roles similar to those of modern pharmacists treated in Japan?
How was the place of pharmacists in society defined in Japan?
Where were ranked positions established?
What status were pharmacist assistants given?
How was the pharmacist ranked in the Imperial household?
What advances in the Middle East led to the development of pharmacology?
Who pioneered the use of pharmacology in medieval Islam?
Who pioneered the preparation of medicines by sublimation and distillation?
Who wrote The foundations of the true properties of Remedies?
What did Al-Muwaffaq make clear distinction between?
When did the Franciscan monastery open in Dubrovnik?
Where was the oldest pharmacies claimed to have been set up in 1221?
What is the oldest pharmacy in Florence?
What does the Esteve Pharmacy keep?
When was the oldest pharmacies claimed to have been set up?
What is the dispensary subject to in most countries?
Where did pharmacists once stay?
What are pharmacy technicians now more dependent upon?
What are pharmacy technicians now more dependent upon automation to assist them in dealing with?
What requirements are specified in pharmacy legislation?
What is the name of the program that helps pharmacists practicing in hospitals gain more education and training after pharmacy school?
What do clinical pharmacists specialize in?
What is one of the issues that pharmacists have to deal with?
Who gain more education and training after pharmacy school?
Where can hospital pharmacies be found?
What are most hospital medications?
What have some hospital pharmacies decided to outsource to companies that specialize in compounding?
Why have hospital pharmacies decided to outsource high risk preparations to companies that specialize in compounding?
What is the advantage of hospital pharmacies?
What do pharmacists do?
Where did the clinical pharmacy movement begin?
Who do clinical pharmacists collaborate with to improve pharmaceutical care?
What do clinical pharmacists often participate in?
Where do clinical pharmacists care for patients?
What is the role of a clinical pharmacist?
What does the review process often involve?
What is an example of a drug therapy review?
What does the pharmacist monitor for?
What are ambulatory care pharmacists given in the U.S. federal health care system?
In what states are ambulatory care pharmacists given collaborative prescriptive and diagnostic authority?
When did the board of Pharmaceutical Specialties approve ambulatory care pharmacy practice as a separate board certification?
What is the official designation for pharmacists who pass the ambulatory care pharmacy specialty certification exam?
What are some of the federal health care systems in the U.S.?
Consultant pharmacy practice focuses more on what?
Where do consultant pharmacists work?
What are some of the large pharmacy management companies in the US?
Why do consultant pharmacists begin to work directly with patients?
What do some community pharmacies do?
When were Internet pharmacies established?
What type of pharmacies operate Internet pharmacies?
What are internet pharmacies also known as?
What is a drawback of going to a community drugstore?
What is the primary difference between community pharmacies and internet pharmacies?
Why do many customers order drugs from Internet pharmacies?
Why have some pharmacies been criticized for selling drugs without a prescription?
What have some Internet pharmacies been reported to be doing to drugs?
What do some Internet pharmacies do?
What do most Internet pharmacies do?
What is of particular concern with internet pharmacies?
What must a prescription for a controlled substance be valid for in the United States?
What is of particular concern with internet pharmacies?
What must a prescription for a controlled substance be valid for in the United States?
What is the responsibility of a filling pharmacy?
What outline what defines a valid patient-doctor relationship?
What is an example of a controlled substance that can be obtained via the internet?
Why has there been a push to legalize importation of medications from Canada and other countries?
In the United States, what country has there been a push to legalize importation of medications from?
Who is enforcement targeted at?
Is there a known case of U.S. citizens buying Canadian drugs for personal use with a prescription who has ever been charged by authorities?
What has been a push in the United States to reduce consumer costs?
What is pharmacy informatics a combination of?
Where do pharmacy informatics work?
What is pharmacy informatics growing to meet?
What are pharmacists trained to participate in?
How is pharmacy informatics growing?
What type of pharmacies carry novel medications that need to be properly stored, administered, carefully monitored, and clinically managed?
How many of the 28 newly FDA approved medications in 2013 were specialty drugs?
What are some of the chronic and complex disease states that specialty pharmacies are used for?
What do specialty pharmacies carry?
What do specialty pharmacies provide?
How are pharmacists regulated in the United States?
Who can supply scheduled pharmaceuticals to the public?
What organization's Code of Ethics provides that physicians may dispense drugs within their office practices?
What percentage of American physicians reportedly dispense drugs on their own?
What can pharmacists not do?
What country has a law that allows general physicians to dispense medicines if the nearest pharmacy is more than 4 kilometers away?
Where are dispensing physicians allowed to prescribe and dispense prescription-only medicines?
What is the current minimum distance between a patient's home and the nearest retail pharmacy?
How far away is the nearest pharmacy in Austria?
What is the reason for the majority rule?
Why does a physician have a financial self-interest in "diagnosing" as many conditions as possible?
What is the majority rule similar to?
What does a physician have a financial self-interest in doing?
What is the patient's interest in the majority rule?
What are pharmacists expected to do in the coming decades?
Why are pharmacists expected to become more integral within the health care system?
What does MTM include?
What are the clinical services that pharmacists provide for their patients?
What is the result of MTM?
What provinces in Canada have limited prescribing rights?
Who pays pharmacists in Australia for conducting Home Medicines Reviews?
What are pharmacists in the United Kingdom being paid for by the government for?
What has had an evolving influence on the practice of pharmacy in the United States?
What degree is required before entering pharmacy in the United States?
What are the two symbols most commonly associated with pharmacy in English-speaking countries?
What symbol was used until the early 20th century?
Where is the Bowl of Hygieia often used?
Where is the red stylized letter A used?
Where is the green Greek cross common?
What is the immune system?
What must an immune system detect to function properly?
What is one subsystem of the immune system?
The blood-brain barrier separates the peripheral immune system from what?
What is the immune system?
What is an example of an agent that the immune system must detect?
What is one subsystem of the immune system?
What does the immune system protect against?
What is a wide variety of agents that an immune system must detect?
What system protects the brain?
What are the names of the barriers that separate the peripheral immune system from the neuroimmune system?
What is a wide variety of agents that an immune system must detect?
What is one subsystem of the immune system?
What are two examples of subsystems of the immune system?
What system protects the brain?
How can pathogens avoid detection and neutralization by the immune system?
What does bacteria have a rudimentary immune system in the form of?
In what ancient organisms did the basic immune system evolve?
What does adaptive immunity do after an initial response to a specific pathogen?
What type of infections do enzymes protect against?
What are antimicrobial peptides called?
What is acquired immunity the basis of?
What creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen?
What can disorders of the immune system result in?
When does immunodeficiency occur?
What happens when the immune system is less active than normal?
What can immunodeficiency be the result of in humans?
What is a common autoimmune disease?
What is it called when the immune system is less active than normal?
What results from a hyperactive immune system attacking normal tissues as if they were foreign organisms?
What is the study of the immune system called?
What is an example of an acquired immunodeficiency?
When was the earliest known reference to immunity?
What type of venom did Pierre-Louis Moreau de Maupertuis make experiments with?
Who developed the germ theory of disease?
Who discovered the yellow fever virus?
Who was awarded a Nobel Prize in 1905?
What was Robert Koch awarded a Nobel Prize for in 1905?
What virus was discovered by Walter Reed?
When was the earliest known reference to immunity?
What is retained after the pathogen has been eliminated?
What provides an immediate, but non-specific response if a pathogen breaches physical barriers?
What is the second layer of protection in vertebrates?
What is found in all plants and animals?
What is the second layer of protection in vertebrates?
What is retained after the pathogen has been eliminated?
What prevents pathogens from entering an organism?
What types of molecules do innate and adaptive immunity depend on the immune system to distinguish?
What do innate and adaptive immunity depend on the immune system to distinguish between?
What do both innate and adaptive immunity depend on the immune system to distinguish between?
What are substances that bind to specific immune receptors and elicit an immune response called?
Antigens bind to what?
What recognizes components that are conserved among broad groups of microorganisms?
What is the dominant system of host defense in most organisms?
Pattern recognition receptors recognize components conserved among broad groups of what?
Innate immune defenses are what?
What part of an insect's body is protected from infection by mechanical, chemical, and biological barriers?
What is an example of a mechanical barrier that protects organisms from infection?
What mechanically ejects pathogens from the lungs?
What is secreted by the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract to trap and entangle microorganisms?
Along with urine, what flushed out pathogens?
What antimicrobial peptide is secreted by the skin and respiratory tract?
What enzymes are found in saliva, tears, and breast milk?
What does semen contain to kill pathogens?
What are powerful chemical defenses in the stomach against ingested pathogens?
Vaginal secretions serve as a chemical barrier following what?
What serves as biological barriers?
What do most antibiotics not affect?
What type of flora is found in unpasteurized yogurt?
What are some conditions in the environment that pathogens compete for?
What is one of the first responses of the immune system to infection?
What causes redness, swelling, heat, and pain?
What are released by injured or infected cells?
What are eicosanoids?
What cytokines are responsible for communication between white blood cells?
What cells engulf or eat pathogens?
Phagocytes can be called to specific locations by what?
What is the intracellular vesicle that a pathogen becomes trapped in?
What is formed when a pathogen is engulfed by a phagosome?
Phagocytosis evolved as a means of what?
What are phagocytes that travel throughout the body in pursuit of invading pathogens?
What are phagocytes that travel throughout the body in pursuit of invading pathogens?
How much of the total circulating leukocytes are Neutrophils?
What is the process in which neutrophils migrate toward the site of inflammation called?
What regulatory factor do macrophages produce?
What is the second arm of the innate immune system?
What is the second arm of the innate immune system?
Innate cells are important mediators in the activation of what?
What are the phagocytes?
What are phagocytes in tissues that are in contact with the external environment?
What are dendritic cells similar to?
What is one of the key cell types of the adaptive immune system?
What is one of the key cell types of the adaptive immune system?
What condition do NK cells recognize?
What is another name for NK cells?
What is the cell-surface marker that NK cells recognize?
What puts the brakes on NK cells?
In what animal did the adaptive immune system evolve?
What process requires the recognition of specific non-self antigens?
Antigen specificity allows for the generation of responses that are tailored to specific what?
What are the two major subtypes of T cells?
What type of T cells have a role in modulating immune response?
Killer T cells only recognize antigens coupled to what?
What do helper T cells and regulatory T cells only recognize antigens coupled to?
What minor subtype of T cells recognize intact antigens that are not bound to MHC receptors?
What are a sub-group of T cells that kill cells that are infected with viruses?
What is the co-receptor on the T cell called?
What binds to a specific antigen in a complex with the MHC Class I receptor of another cell?
What is a protease?
What is an example of a cytotoxins released by an activated T cell?
What recruits molecules inside the T cell that are responsible for the T cell's activation?
How many receptors are on the helper T cell?
How can killer T cells be activated?
What does the activation of a resting helper T cell cause it to release?
What is an example of a molecules expressed on the T cell's surface?
What characteristics do gamma delta T cells share?
What do gamma delta T cells possess?
What are gamma delta T cells?
What do  T cells rearrange TCR genes to produce?
What type of T cells respond within hours to common molecules produced by microbes?
What identifies pathogens when antibodies on its surface bind to a specific foreign antigen?
How is the antigen/antibody complex taken up by the B cell and processed into peptides?
What does the T cell release that activates the B cell?
What do some of the offspring of B cells and T cells become when they are activated and begin to replicate?
What is the term for long-lived memory cells?
What are the two forms of immunological memory?
What do memory cells remember throughout the lifetime of an animal?
Newborn infants have no prior exposure to what?
What type of antibody is transported from mother to baby directly across the placenta?
What contains antibodies that are transferred to the gut of the infant?
What is it called when antibodies are transferred to the gut of the infant?
Hormones can act as what?
What are female sex hormones known to be immunostimulators of?
What is an example of an autoimmune disease that strikes women preferentially?
What do male sex hormones seem to do to the immune system?
What protein is closely intertwined with both T-cell differentiation and our circadian rhythms?
What are some chronic conditions that can be caused by sleep deprivation?
What can cause a lower immune response and lower antibody production?
What is partially responsible for weakened immune responses in aging individuals?
What is the age-related decline in immune function related to decreasing levels in the elderly?
What is regulated by the immune system?
What does a person produce less of via UVB radiation?
What is the main response of the immune system to tumors?
What are tumor antigens presented on?
Tumor antigens are presented on MHC class I molecules in a similar way to what?
What is generated against tumor cells allowing for their destruction by the complement system?
What do plants lack?
What are PAMPs?
What do cells at the site of infection undergo to prevent the spread of the disease to other parts of the plant?
What is a type of defensive response used by plants that renders the entire plant resistant to a particular infectious agent?
What is particularly important in the systemic acquired resistance of a plant?
What is the term for a condition where the immune system fails to distinguish between self and non-self?
What does the immune system fail to properly distinguish between?
Where are specialized cells located?
What do T cells and antibodies react with under normal circumstances?
What happens when one or more components of the immune system are inactive?
In what groups is the ability of the immune system to respond to pathogens diminished?
When do immune responses begin to decline?
What are the common causes of poor immune function in developed countries?
What is the most common cause of immunodeficiency in developing countries?
How can active immunity be generated artificially?
What is another name for vaccination?
What does immunization introduce?
What does the deliberate induction of an immune response exploit?
What do bacteria secrete to overcome physical barriers?
What type of secretion system is used to insert a hollow tube into the host cell?
What are proteins in a hollow tube in a host cell used to do?
What does the success of a pathogen depend on?
Who formulated the clonal selection theory of immunity?
What are two examples of entities that trigger a destructive immune response?
What is the complex "two-signal" activation of T cells called?
Whose suggestion inspired Frank Burnet to formulate the clonal selection theory of immunity?
What are the most powerful anti-inflammatory drugs?
What are methotrexate and azathioprine used in conjunction with?
What are two cytotoxic or immunosuppressive drugs used in conjunction with anti-inflammatory drugs?
What is an example of a immunosuppressive drug?
What are some of the effector cells that peak during wake periods?
What anti-inflammatory molecules peak during awake active times?
What is the main cause of inflammation during sleep times?
What does the presence of melatonin during sleep times counteract?
What does the T-cell extend when it encounters a foreign pathogen?
What is the active form of vitamin D called?
What kind of relationship do T-cells have with vitamin D?
What is the gene responsible for converting the pre-hormone version of vitamin D, calcidiol into the steroid hormone version?
What are other immune system cells that express CYP27B1?
What are proteins used by nearly all organisms to identify molecules associated with pathogens?
What is an evolutionarily conserved component of the innate immune response found in all animals and plants?
Along with the complement system, what cells are used by most forms of invertebrate life?
Ribonucleases and what other pathway are conserved across all eukaryotes?
What are two examples of classical molecules of the adaptive immune system?
What primitive jawless vertebrates have a distinct lymphocyte-derived molecule been discovered?
What molecules are found in primitive jawless vertebrates?
What did the evolution of the immune system occur in an ancestor of the jawed vertebrates?
Invertebrates do not generate what type of immune system response?
What is the name of the unique defense mechanism bacteria use to protect themselves from pathogens?
What is the restriction modification system bacteria use to protect themselves from viral pathogens called?
What sequences do prokaryotes use to retain fragments of the genomes of phage they have come into contact with?
What two theories fought at the end of the 19th century?
Who argued that cells were responsible for immune responses?
What cells did Elie Metchnikoff believe were responsible for immune responses?
Who held the humoral theory of immunity?
What is the humoral theory of immunity?
What do some tumors evade the immune system and go on to become?
Tumor cells have a reduced number of what on their surface?
What suppresses the activity of macrophages and lymphocytes?
What does the cytokine TGF- suppress?
What is an immune response that damages the body's own tissues?
How many classes is hypersensitivity divided into?
What is the first class of hypersensitivity?
What triggers degranulation of mast cells and basophils?
What occurs when antibodies bind to antigens on the patient's own cells, marking them for destruction?
What is it called when pathogens hide within the cells of their host?
What is the food poisoning bacterium?
What is the name of the eukaryotic parasite that causes malaria?
What bacteria lives inside a protective capsule that prevents lysis by complement?
What is Staphylococcus aureus?
What is it called when essential epitopes are concealed on the surface of a pathogen?
What virus mutates rapidly?
What parasite uses antigenic variation to change one type of surface protein for another?
What does HIV constantly change?
What is it called when tumors express antigens that are not found on normal cells?
What oncogenic virus causes cervical cancer?
What is an example of an enzyme that transforms certain skin cells into tumors?
What are tumors caused by an enzyme called tyrosinase?
What type of skin cells are transformed by tyrosinase?
What is the maximum amount of drugs that can cause a neutralizing immune response?
What is overrepresented in epitope regions?
What is the study of large sets of proteins involved in the immune response?
What is a publicly accessible database for the cataloguing of epitopes from pathogens known to be recognizable by?
What is the emerging field of bioinformatics-based studies of immunogenicity referred to?
What hormones increase blood levels during the early slow-wave-sleep stage?
Leptin, pituitary growth hormone, and prolactin support the interactions between T-cells and what other cells?
What cytokine balance is supported by Th2?
What is the formation of long-lasting immune memory thought to support?
What do complement proteins bind to on the surfaces of microbes?
How can complement kill cells directly?
What is the speed of the killing response a result of?
What is the process called that amplifies the initial signal?
What is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws?
What did South Africa fight against in the fight for civil disobedience?
What was the name of the movement to bring independence to the Baltic countries from the Soviet Union?
Where was the 2004 Orange Revolution?
Where was the 2003 Rose Revolution?
Who brought about one of the earliest implementations of civil disobedience?
Who did the Egyptians oppose in the 1919 Revolution?
What type of movements have used civil disobedience?
What do people rebel against?
What is the name of the nonviolent resistance movement in the United States?
What is one of the oldest depictions of civil disobedience?
Who is Oedipus?
Who is the current King of Thebes?
Who was the former King of Thebes?
What is Creon trying to stop Antigone from doing?
What is one of the oldest depictions of civil disobedience?
Who wrote the play Antigone?
Who is trying to stop Antigone from giving her brother a proper burial?
What is Creon trying to stop Antigone from doing?
What does Antigone tell Creon that she must do?
Who wrote The Mask of Anarchy?
The Mask of Anarchy was the first modern statement of what type of protest?
What was the name of Gandhi's doctrine?
What was the goal of The Mask of Anarchy?
Who wrote Civil Disobedience?
Who wrote The Mask of Anarchy?
What did Percy Shelley think of his time in The Mask of Anarchy?
The Mask of Anarchy is perhaps the first modern statement of what?
What did Gandhi write about nonviolent protest?
Who wrote the doctrine of Satyagraha?
What does the term "civil disobedience" describe for Vice President Agnew?
Who argued that the term "civil disobedience" has become debased?
What has the term "civil disobedience" always suffered from?
What has the term "civil disobedience" become in modern times?
What has the term "civil disobedience" become in modern times?
Who argued that the term "civil disobedience" has become debased?
What has the term "civil disobedience" become for Vice President Agnew?
For whom has the term "civil disobedience" become a code-word describing the activities of muggers, arsonists, draft evaders, campaign hecklers, anti-war demonstrators, juvenile delinquents and political assassin
What has the term "civil disobedience" always suffered from?
Who wrote that the formulation of a single all-encompassing definition of the term civil disobedience is extremely difficult?
What did LeGrande say about the formulation of a single all-encompassing definition of the term civil disobedience?
What does LeGrande encourage a distinction between?
What kind of problems does the student of civil disobedience find himself surrounded by?
What type of terminology has no more meaning than the individual orator intends it to have?
Who wrote that the formulation of a single all-encompassing definition of the term civil disobedience is extremely difficult?
How much literature is there on civil disobedience?
What is a student of civil disobedience surrounded by?
What is another term for violent civil disobedience?
What type of civil disobedience does LeGrande encourage a distinction between?
What is it called when two public agencies conflict?
What is civil disobedience defined as pertaining to?
What is civil disobedience defined as pertaining to a citizen's relation?
Why would a head of government refuse to enforce a decision of a country's highest court?
What is defined as pertaining to a citizen's relation to the state and its laws?
What is civil disobedience defined as pertaining to a citizen's relation to?
What would a head of government of a country do that would not be civil disobedience?
Who refuses to enforce a decision of a country's highest court?
What would the head of government be acting as instead of a public official?
What two public agencies conflict in a constitutional impasse?
Who disputed the definition of the individual as the final judge of right and wrong?
What did Thoreau do to a confused taxman?
The majority may be powerful but what is it?
What did Thoreau advise a confused taxman to do when he refused to pay?
Whose will may the government express?
Who is the final judge of right and wrong?
Who is the final judge of right and wrong?
Who disputed the definition of the individual as the final judge of right and wrong?
What did Thoreau advise a confused taxman to do when he refused to pay?
The majority may be powerful but what is it?
Some theories of civil disobedience hold that disobedience is only justified against what?
What non-governmental agencies does Brownlee believe can be justified if they reflects a larger challenge to the legal system?
Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies can be justified if it reflects a larger challenge to what?
What does Brownlee believe breaches of law in protest against?
Who argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies can be justified if it reflects a larger challenge to the legal system?
What does Brownlee believe can be justified in opposition to decisions of non-governmental agencies?
What do some theories of civil disobedience hold that civil disobedience is justified against?
Brownlee argues that disobedience can be justified if it reflects a larger challenge to the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken?
What is it called when lawbreaking is not publicly announced?
What is public civil disobedience compared to?
What did Hitler's secret police want to know about German citizens?
Where did Shiphrah and Puah misrepresented how they did it?
Who refused a direct order of Pharaoh but misrepresented how they did it?
What must happen in order to constitute civil disobedience?
What does Stephen Eilmann believe it is necessary to disobey?
What is more effective than open disobedience?
What did the Fully Informed Jury Association say about Hitler's secret police?
Where did Shiphrah and Puah refuse a direct order of Pharaoh but misrepresented how they did it?
What does Black's Law Dictionary include in its definition of civil disobedience?
What dictionary includes non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience?
What is more destructive than disobedience?
What does refraining from violence help preserve?
What does Black's Law Dictionary include in its definition of civil disobedience?
What does Black's Law Dictionary include in its definition of civil disobedience?
What is more destructive than disobedience?
What type of rebellion is rebellion considered to be?
What is refraining from violence said to do?
What is more of an active attempt to overthrow a government?
Who directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government?
Who directed the Hungarians' civil disobedience against the Austrian government?
What acts have been described as revolutionary civil disobedience?
What does revolutionary civil disobedience attempt to change?
What is non-revolutionary civil disobedience?
What is a non-revolutionary civil disobedience of laws on the grounds that they are?
What is the purpose of non-revolutionary civil disobedience?
What is more of an active attempt to overthrow a government?
Whose acts have been described as revolutionary civil disobedience?
When did the earliest recorded incidents of collective civil disobedience take place?
What did unarmed Jews do to prevent the installation of pagan images in the Temple in Jerusalem?
How was Thoreau's arrest reported in the days, weeks, and months after his arrest?
What did the tax collector who arrested Thoreau do?
When was Thoreau's essay published?
When did the earliest recorded incidents of collective civil disobedience take place?
What did unarmed Jews do in the streets?
What do some activists do when they commit civil disobedience as a group collectively?
What is a form of collective civil disobedience?
When was Thoreau's essay published?
What type of acts have civil disobedients chosen?
What kind of purpose does the harmlessness of illegal protests serve?
Who brought medicine to Iraq without the permission of the U.S. Government?
How long did Julia Butterfly Hill live in Luna?
What did Julia Butterfly Hill do with the redwood tree?
What type of acts have civil disobedients chosen?
What is an example of a civil disobedience that would be hardly more than a nuisance?
What kind of illegal protests are harmless?
What type of goal does Voice in the Wilderness aim to achieve?
Who lived in a California Redwood tree for 738 days?
What was Joseph Haas arrested for?
What did Joseph Haas say in an email to Lebanon city councilors?
What is pure speech?
In what case was "Filthy Words" broadcast?
When was the Supreme Court case of FCC v. Pacifica Foundation?
What type of criminalized behavior can result in civil disobedience?
What did WBAI do with the track "Filthy Words"?
What is another example of civil disobedience?
What was Joseph Haas arrested for?
illegal boycotts, refusal to pay taxes, draft dodging, distributed denial-of-service attacks, and sit-ins make it more difficult for what?
How did the Plowshares close the GCSB Waihopai?
How did the Plowshares close the GCSB Waihopai?
What may civil disobedients find it necessary to employ in order to get their issue onto the table?
What is the term for forms of civil disobedience that make it more difficult for a system to function?
What is an example of civil disobedience?
What are civil disobedients constrained in their use by their conscientious aim to engage in moral dialogue?
What are civil disobedients constrained in their use of coercion by their conscientious aim?
How did the Plowshares organization close the GCSB Waihopai?
What is a civil disobedience case?
What does a civil disobedient have to decide about his property?
What can serve no useful purpose and may be harmful?
Why have some civil disobedients found it hard to resist responding to investigators' questions?
How do some civil disobedients try to make an impression on police?
What do some civil disobedients feel it is incumbent upon them to do?
What do some civil disobedients believe is incumbent upon them to accept punishment?
What do some civil disobedients don't believe in?
What are some civil disobedients?
What do anarchists not believe is a need to accept punishment for a violation of criminal law?
What is an important decision for civil disobedients?
What is a civil disobedient's duty?
What does a civil disobedient say when they plead guilty?
What does pleading not guilty send a message of?
What is the term for a plea of not guilty?
Where did the protesters attempt to enter the test site?
How did the protesters feel about being arrested?
What happened to the protesters who attempted to enter the test site?
What did Francis Heisler advise the protesters to do instead of pleading guilty or not-guilty?
What was the punishment for the arrests of the protesters?
Why do protesters choose to go to jail?
What is the purpose of going to jail?
What does Howard Zinn believe the spirit of protest should be?
What is to switch suddenly to a spirit of subservience?
What does the prosecution sometimes propose to civil disobedients?
How much jail time did the civil disobedients receive in the Camden 28 case?
What do the activists use to secure the same plea bargain for everyone?
What is it called when activists plead guilty without a plea agreement?
Who pleaded guilty in the Camden 28 case?
What type of speech does a civil disobedience defendant make in allocution?
What type of speech does a civil disobedience defendant make in allocution?
What did Burgos-Andujar's statement suggest about her actions?
What did the First Circuit believe the defendant had a likelihood of doing?
What did the protesters complain about in their allocution speeches?
What is a primary goal of a civil disobedient if they plead not guilty?
What is the primary goal of a civil disobedient if they plead not guilty?
What is the primary goal of a civil disobedience defense?
During what war did the Chicago Eight use a political defense?
What do some civil disobedients seek?
What would disobedience encourage that is neither conscientious nor of social benefit?
What is general disobedience?
What is not civil disobedience?
What is it called when a protestor tries to escape punishment by committing the crime covertly and avoiding attribution?
How does a protestor attempt to escape punishment?
What type of civil disobedience involves violating a law which is not the object of protest?
What type of civil disobedience involves violating a law which is not the object of protest?
When did courts refuse to excuse the perpetrators of illegal protests?
What did the judge instruct the jury to disregard when Carter Wentworth was found guilty of his role in the Clamshell Alliance's 1977 illegal occupation of the Seabrook Station Nuclear Power Plant?
What has the FIJA reasoned about arresting fully informed jury leafleters?
What is a major goal of criminal punishment?
What is the most important consideration in deciding whether or not to impose punishment?
Who decides on utilitarian grounds whether to impose punishment?
What does Brownlee believe the deterrence focuses on?
What is the process of constructing a building or infrastructure?
What is construction different from?
How much of the gross domestic product of developed countries is constructed?
What does construction start with?
What does construction typically take place on location for?
Who manages the job?
Who supervises large-scale construction?
What is essential for the successful execution of a project?
What are the largest construction projects?
Who must consider zoning requirements?
What are the three sectors of construction?
What are the two main sectors of building construction?
What are the three sectors of infrastructure?
What is heavy/highway, heavy civil or heavy engineering?
What sector of construction includes refineries, process chemical, power generation, mills and manufacturing plants?
What is Engineering News-Record?
What is the name of the trade magazine for the construction industry?
When did ENR compile the data?
What did ENR use to rank firms as heavy contractors?
What are the three subsectors of the North American Industry Classification System?
What are the two categories for firms engaged in managing construction projects without assuming direct financial responsibility for completion of the construction project?
What classification systems have a classification system for companies that perform or otherwise engage in construction?
What are construction managers?
What is the process of adding structure to real property?
What are the majority of building construction jobs?
Who acts as laborer, paymaster, and design team for the entire project?
What are some undesirable end results of building construction projects of varying sizes?
What do those with experience do during the project to ensure a positive outcome?
What must residential construction practices, technologies, and resources conform to?
What dictates the construction materials used?
What can residential construction generate?
What can vary dramatically based on site conditions, local regulations, economies of scale and the availability of skilled tradespeople?
What is making it possible to research new techniques of building construction?
How long does it take to construct small commercial buildings and private habitations?
How much building material is being printed per hour?
How much building material is being printed per hour?
What is the purpose of a formal design team?
In the modern industrialized world, construction usually involves the translation of what?
Who is the design team most commonly employed by?
Who provides the bill of quantities for the work?
Who does the owner typically award a contract to?
The modern trend in design is toward integration of what?
In the past, what were architects, interior designers, engineers, developers, construction managers, and general contractors more likely to be?
What does each firm offer itself for a construction project?
What is the term for a contract where a contractor is given a performance specification and must undertake the project from design to construction?
What are some of the project structures that can assist the owner in integrating the services of architects, interior designers, engineers, and constructors?
Who does each of the project structures allow the owner to integrate the services of?
What are many companies placing more emphasis on?
What can construction projects suffer from?
When do underbids happen?
When do cash flow problems exist?
What is a problem in many fields but is notoriously prevalent in the construction field?
Who are likely participants in creating an overall plan for the financial management of the building construction project?
Who is the most likely participant in creating an overall plan for the financial management of the building construction project?
Who acts to study the expected monetary flow over the life of the project?
What is an example of a cost overrun with government projects?
Who apply expertise to relate the work and materials involved to a proper valuation?
What must a project adhere to?
Who does a project that fails to adhere to zoning and building code requirements not benefit?
What is malum in se considerations?
What are malum prohibitum considerations?
Who may seek changes or exemptions in the law that governs the land where the building will be built?
What is a complex net of contracts and other legal obligations?
What is the exchange of a set of obligations between two or more parties?
What does the time element in construction mean?
What must the contracts be designed to ensure?
What leads to confusion and collapse?
What is a growing number of new forms of procurement?
What does PPP stand for?
What is another name for Public-Private Partnering?
What is the focus of relationship contracting?
Who acts as the project coordinator?
Who does the architect or engineer act as?
Who has a direct contractual relationship with the main contractor?
Who is the architect's client?
How long does the procedure continue?
Who produces a list of requirements for a project?
Who presents different ideas about how to accomplish the project's goals?
Who produces a list of requirements for a project?
What is a D&B contractor a consortium of?
What is the second phase of a design-bid-build contract?
Who is required to verify and have existing utility lines marked?
What does this lessen the likelihood of to electrical, water, sewage, phone, and cable facilities?
What does this reduce the likelihood of damage to?
Who inspects a building periodically?
What is issued after a final inspection of a building?
How much revenue did the construction industry generate in 2014?
How much of the construction industry is private?
How many firms employed 1 million contractors as of 2005?
How many employees does the average contractor have?
How many women were employed in the construction industry in 2011?
What is the average earning for a professional in the construction industry in the Middle East?
What is the average salary for a professional in the construction industry in the UK?
Where have some construction workers made more than $100,000 annually?
What is one of the most dangerous occupations in the world?
What is one of the most common causes of fatal and non-fatal injuries among construction workers?
What are some of the major causes of fatalities in the construction industry?
What can curtail the risk of occupational injuries in the construction industry?
What are private schools also known as?
What type of scholarship can a student get from a private school?
What do private schools charge their students?
What do private schools retain the right to do?
How much does a New England preparatory school charge for tuition?
What is the term for a K-12 school that costs nothing?
Along with Canada and the United Kingdom, what country is a Commonwealth country?
Where does private education cover the whole gamut of educational activity?
What is the name of the sixth year in a private school?
What is year 13 called?
What is another name for university-preparatory schools?
What type of tuition does a private school require?
High tuition is used to pay higher salaries for whom?
Parochial schools are often referred to as what type of school?
Along with Protestants, Jews, Muslims and Roman Catholics, what religious group is represented in private schools?
What type of education do some religious schools offer?
What is a tool not readily available to government schools?
What is an example of a mandatory uniform in a private school in Australia?
Are private schools in Australia more or less expensive than public schools?
Along with the Anglican Church and Uniting Church, what is an example of a long-established religious foundation?
What type of school is St Joseph's College?
Where is St Aloysius' College located?
What is Loreto Normanhurst for?
In what article of the Grundgesetz is the right to create private schools?
What is the term for a similar event in the future that private schools are protected from?
What was the percentage of pupils in private schools in Germany between 1992 and 2008?
What was the percentage of students in private high schools in Germany in 2008?
What was the percentage of students in private schools in the former GDR?
Paragraph 4 of the Grundgesetz forbids segregation of pupils according to the means of their parents what?
What are ordinary primary or secondary schools run by private individuals, private organizations or religious groups?
What kind of tuition fees do most Ersatzschulen have?
What type of schools are run by private individuals, private organizations, or rarely, religious groups?
What type of school are Ergänzungsschulen?
What do Ergänzungsschulen charge their students?
What type of groups run Ergänzungsschulen?
What are private schools in India called?
What is the name of the Examination Board in India?
How many different Examination Boards are there in India?
Who has the power to govern schools in India?
Along with non-profit trusts, what groups can run schools in India?
What country has the largest adult illiterate population in the world?
What does ASER stand for?
What does the ASER do?
What is the medium of education in private schools in India?
What is the Irish name for a private school?
What is unusual about private schools in Ireland?
What is the average fee for a private school in Ireland?
What is the name of the religious order that runs private schools in Ireland?
What is the average fee for boarding schools in Ireland?
When did Malaysia gain independence?
Who did the government instruct to surrender their properties and be assimilated into the National School system?
What language are Chinese secondary schools required to change into?
What was the name of the school system that all Malaysian schools were assimilated into?
How many Chinese schools converted to National Type schools?
What is the term for schools that accept government funds?
How are un-aided schools funded?
Where is the Galaxy Public School located?
What is the medium of education in Kathmandu?
What is the official language of Nepal?
How many private schools are in New Zealand?
How many students attend private schools in New Zealand?
How much of New Zealand's student population attends private schools?
What religion was New Zealand's private school system?
What is the largest city in New Zealand?
What is the religious affiliation of private schools in Auckland?
Where is Samuel Marsden Collegiate School located?
What type of private school is St Cuthbert's College?
Where is Christ's College and St Margaret's College located?
What Catholic schismatic group operates St Dominic's College?
What is the percentage of primary enrollment in the Philippines?
How much of the secondary enrollment in the Philippines is from the private sector?
What percentage of tertiary enrollment in the Philippines is from the private sector?
When was the Manual of Regulations for Private Schools issued?
Along with English and mathematics, what subject has been replaced with values education for third and fourth years in private schools?
What government scheme provides financial assistance to students turned away from public high schools because of enrollment overflows?
What is geared to students enrolled in priority courses in post-secondary and non-degree programmes?
What is made available to underprivileged but deserving high school graduates?
What Act recognizes two categories of schools?
When was the South African Schools Act passed?
What type of school are traditional private schools and privately governed?
What type of schools are considered independent in the South African Schools Act of 1996?
In what century were private church schools established in South Africa?
What does Model C continue to be used to describe?
What kind of academic results do model C schools produce?
What kind of fees do formerly model C schools set than other public schools?
What percentage of Swedish pupils were enrolled in private schools in 2008?
How many students attend Kunskapsskolan?
How many employees does Kunskapsskolan have?
What does Kunskapsskolan mean?
What type of school model is Sweden known for?
What is the maximum age a pupil can enter a public school?
What is another name for independent schools?
What percentage of children in the UK are attending fee-paying schools at GSCE level?
What is the maximum age a pupil can enter a public school?
What is the average annual fee for a day school in the UK?
What case demanded that US schools desegregate with all deliberate speed?
What type of academies have shut down since the 1970s?
In what part of the US did white students migrate to Christian academies?
What race of students migrated to Christian academies?
What group of students attended public academies in the U.S.?
What is one way that funding for private schools is provided?
What Amendment prohibits government funding for religious schools?
What state's amendments prohibit government funding for religious schools?
What type of status does a non-religious private school have?
What state began compulsory education in 1852?
When did private schooling begin in the US?
When was Wisconsin v. Yoder?
What was Pierce v. Society of Sisters' case law in 1925?
Who did Runyon v. in 1976?
How much was the tuition for day schools in New York City in 2012?
How much did boarding schools charge as of 2012?
What is the name of the leading boarding school in the United States?
What type of drives supplemented Groton School's endowments?
Who was the first benefactor of Harvard College?
When did Harvard merge with Radcliffe College?
Who led Harvard through the Great Depression and World War II?
What organization was Harvard a founding member of in 1900?
Who was the president of Harvard after the American Civil War?
What is the world's largest academic and private library system?
How many libraries are in the Harvard Library?
How many volumes are in the Harvard Library?
How many U.S. presidents are alumni of Harvard?
How many Nobel laureates have been affiliated with Harvard?
Where are Harvard's campuses located?
How much is Harvard's financial endowment?
What river is Harvard Stadium located across?
How many academic units does Harvard have?
Where is Harvard's main campus located?
When was Harvard formed?
What colony was Harvard formed from?
In what year did Harvard become home to North America's first known printing press?
When was Harvard College renamed?
When was the charter for the Harvard Corporation granted?
Who did the College train in the early years?
What was the curriculum of the College based on?
Was the College affiliated with a particular denomination?
When did Joseph Willard die?
Who was appointed to the presidency of Harvard two years after Henry Ware was elected?
When was Henry Ware elected to the Harvard chair?
Whose lectures were acclaimed in 1846?
What did Agassiz combine with observation?
Common Sense Realism was derived from which Scottish philosophers?
Who eliminated the favored position of Christianity from the curriculum?
What convictions motivated Charles W. Eliot?
Who were the Transcendentalist Unitarian convictions derived from?
Who was the president of Washington University in 1933?
What did James Bryant Conant create programs to do for talented youth?
When was the report published?
How many men attended Harvard College for every woman studying at Radcliffe?
When did Harvard and Radcliffe merge?
Did the merger of Harvard and Radcliffe increase or decrease the number of female undergraduates at Harvard?
How far is Harvard Yard from the State House?
How many residential houses are in Harvard Yard?
What river is the main campus of Harvard located near?
How far is the Quadrangle from Harvard Yard?
Where is Harvard Business School located?
What bridge connects Harvard and Cambridge?
Where is the Harvard School of Public Health located?
How much more land does Harvard own in Allston than in Cambridge?
What are proposals to connect the Cambridge campus with the new Allston campus?
What are some of the benefits of Harvard's expansion of Allston?
How many professors, lecturers, and instructors teach at Harvard?
How many undergraduates attend Harvard?
How many graduate students attend Harvard?
When was the color crimson unofficially adopted by the student body?
When did Charles William Eliot buy red bandanas?
How much was Harvard's endowment worth in 2011?
How much did Harvard's endowment suffer in 2008-09?
What was the name of the building that Harvard halted construction of?
How much was Harvard's Pell Grant reserve in 2012?
What was Harvard's total financial aid reserve in 2012?
When was the divestment from South Africa?
Who gave a speech at Harvard in the 1980s?
How much did Harvard reduce its South African holdings?
How many applicants did Harvard College accept for the class of 2019?
When did Harvard College end its early admissions program?
Why did Harvard College end its early admissions program in 2007?
When was the Early Action program reintroduced?
How many classes were entering students required to complete between 1978 and 2008?
How many General Education categories are students required to complete at Harvard since 2008?
What have some students criticized Harvard for?
What is the start of Harvard's semester calendar?
What must a student maintain to be considered full-time at Harvard?
What is the name of the degree awarded to students in the top 5% of the class at Harvard?
What percentage of students received Latin honors in 2005?
What was the annual tuition for the 2012-13 school year?
What was the total cost of attendance for the 2012-13 school year?
What do families with incomes below $60,000 pay for their children to attend Harvard?
How much did Harvard offer in grants in 2009?
How much of Harvard's aid is provided by grants?
Where is the Harvard University Library System centered?
What are the three most popular libraries for undergraduates to use?
Where is America's oldest collection of maps, gazetteers, and atlases stored?
How many volumes does the Harvard University Library System hold?
How many museums are in the Harvard Art Museums?
What does the Fogg Museum of Art cover?
What is the name of the Harvard Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology?
When did Harvard top the Academic Ranking of World Universities?
When were the first league tables published?
How is Harvard ranked as a "dream college"?
How many intercollegiate sports does the Harvard Crimson compete in?
Who does Harvard have an intense athletic rivalry with?
How often is the rivalry between Harvard and Yale put aside?
What year does the annual football meeting date back to?
In what year did Harvard Stadium introduce a new era into football?
In what year did Harvard Stadium legalize the forward pass?
Who was Walter Camp?
What is the name of Harvard's multi-purpose arena?
What is the name of Harvard's primary recreation facility?
How many weight rooms does Harvard have?
How long was the Harvard-Yale Regatta?
Where is the Harvard-Yale Regatta held?
What does the Harvard Crimson men's ice hockey team have?
When did Harvard win the Intercollegiate Sailing Association National Championships?
Who is the U.N. Secretary?
Who is the Colombian President?
Who is the President of Costa Rica?
Who is the Israeli Prime Minister?
Who is a comedian, television show host, and writer?
Who is the conductor of The Sun?
What is the name of the cellist?
Who was a civil rights leader?
Who is a Fields Medalist mathematician?
Who are two legal scholars at Harvard?
Who is the Shakespeare scholar at Harvard?
What is the largest city by area in the contiguous United States?
What was the population of Jacksonville in 2010?
Where does Jacksonville rank in population among US cities?
What county is Jacksonville located in?
When did Jacksonville's government consolidate?
What river is Jacksonville centered on?
How far is Jacksonville from Miami?
What was the name of the French colony in Jacksonville?
Who originally inhabited Jacksonville?
Who was the first military governor of Florida?
What is the rank of Jacksonville's seaport?
What type of tourism is important to Jacksonville?
How many US Navy bases are in Jacksonville?
What are people from Jacksonville called?
How many years has the area of Jacksonville been inhabited?
Who discovered some of the oldest pottery in the US?
What tribe is Black Hammock Island in?
What era did the Mocama inhabit?
What is the earliest known name for Jacksonville?
Who charted the St. Johns River in 1562?
Who did Ribault claim the land for?
Who was ordered to protect Spain by attacking the French presence at Fort Caroline?
What did the Spanish rename Fort Caroline?
What was the name of the first European settlement on the St. Johns?
What war led to Spain ceding Florida to the British?
What did the British do to connect St. Augustine to Georgia?
What did the names Cow Ford and Cowford reflect?
Who ceded Florida to the British in 1763?
When did the Florida Legislative Council approve the charter for Jacksonville?
Who was Jacksonville a key supply point for during the American Civil War?
What was the first Confederate victory in Florida?
What battle resulted in a Confederate victory in Jacksonville?
What caused Jacksonville to be disrupted after the American Civil War?
What was the result of a Confederate cavalry confronting a Union expedition?
During what era did Jacksonville become a popular winter resort for the rich and famous?
Who was the president of Florida in 1888?
What was a major blow to Jacksonville's tourism in the late 19th century?
What drew visitors to Jacksonville?
How did visitors arrive in Jacksonville?
What was engulfed in flames at a nearby mattress factory?
How many buildings were destroyed in the Great Fire of 1901?
What did Governor Jennings do in response to the Great Fire of 1901?
What was the largest urban fire in the southeastern United States?
Who was attracted to Jacksonville in the 1910s?
What type of studios were established in Jacksonville in the 1910s?
What was Jacksonville's title as a result of the silent film industry?
What was Jacksonville's major film production center in the 1910s?
What caused residents to move to newer housing in the suburbs?
What percentage of Jacksonville's population was non-Hispanic white in 2010?
What caused Jacksonville to have a much poorer population?
Who wrote the Jacksonville Story?
After what war did Jacksonville begin to increase spending to fund new public building projects?
What caused problems with funding education, sanitation, and traffic control within the city limits?
What suburbs had difficulty obtaining municipal services?
What did a 1958 study recommend Jacksonville do?
Who rejected Jacksonville's annexation plans in six referendums between 1960 and 1965?
How were Jacksonville's officials elected in the mid-1960s?
How many officials were indicted?
What group was led by J. J. Daniel and Claude Yates?
What happened to all 15 of Duval County's public high schools in 1964?
What happened to the consolidation referendum in 1967?
Who was the mayor of Jacksonville in 1968?
What was the name of Jacksonville's new border?
What was the name of Jacksonville's plan that allowed for a half-penny sales tax?
What did the Better Jacksonville Plan do?
What is the total area of Jacksonville?
What divides Jacksonville?
What major tributary of the St. Johns River is located entirely within Jacksonville?
What percentage of Jacksonville is water?
What is the largest town in the contiguous United States?
What is the Bank of America Tower?
What is the name of the Bank of America Tower?
How tall is the Bank of America Tower?
How many floors is the Riverplace Tower?
What makes the Wells Fargo Center the defining building in Jacksonville's skyline?
What type of climate does Jacksonville have?
What are the warmest months in Jacksonville?
What type of weather does Jacksonville have in the winter?
What is Jacksonville's coastal location?
What was the highest temperature recorded in Charleston in 1879?
What erupts during a typical summer afternoon?
What causes thunderstorms to erupt during a typical summer afternoon?
When do mean monthly temperatures range from 53 F in January to 82 F?
What was the strongest storm to hit Jacksonville?
What were the winds of Hurricane Dora in 1964?
What hurricane hit Jacksonville on May 28, 2012?
On what scale was St. Augustine a Category 2 hurricane?
What year did Fay hit Jacksonville?
What is Jacksonville's tenth largest population?
How many people live in Jacksonville?
What is Jacksonville's tenth largest Arab population?
What is Jacksonville's largest American community?
How many households are made up of individuals?
What percentage of households had children under the age of 18 living with them?
Who were the most males in the city in 2010?
How many males were there for every 100 females age 18 and over?
What percentage of global assets did the richest 1% of adults own in the year 2000?
How much wealth do the 85 wealthiest people in the world have?
What is the wealth of the top percentile of the world's population?
What has Oxfam's claims been questioned on the basis of?
What does Anthony Shorrocks consider the criticism of debt to be?
What percentage of global assets did the richest 1% of adults own in the year 2000?
What do the three richest people in the world possess more than the lowest 48 nations?
What was the combined wealth of the 10 million dollar millionaires in 2008?
What percentage of the world's population is the wealthiest 1% of?
Why are there more poor people in the United States and Western Europe than in China?
According to PolitiFact, how many richest Americans have more wealth than half of all Americans combined?
What newspaper reported that the richest 1 percent in the US now own more wealth than the bottom 90 percent?
What may help explain why many Americans who have become rich may have had a "substantial head start"?
What did the Institute for Policy Studies say about 60 percent of the richest 400 Americans in 2012?
According to PolitiFact, what do the top 400 richest Americans have more than half of all Americans combined?
Who owns more wealth than the bottom 90 percent?
What may help explain why many Americans who have become rich may have had a "substantial head start"?
What percentage of the richest 400 Americans grew up in substantial privilege?
Who said that over 60 percent of the richest 400 Americans grew up in substantial privilege?
What view views inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land?
What does Neoclassical economics view inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from?
Neoclassical economics views differences in value added by what?
In a market economy, inequality is a reflection of what between highly-paid professions and lower-paid professions?
How are wages and profits determined in Neoclassical economics?
What does Neoclassical economics view inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from?
What is within labor income distribution due to differences in?
What are determined by the marginal value added of each economic actor?
What are the three economic actors that determine wages and profits?
What is inequality a reflection of in a market economy?
What is the purpose of substituting capital equipment for labor inputs?
What does the organic composition of capital mean?
What does the "reserve army of labour" mean?
What does the substitution of capital equipment for labor result in for the capitalist class?
Capitalist firms substitute capital equipment for what?
What is the purpose of substituting capital equipment for labor inputs?
What do capitalist firms increasingly do for labor inputs?
What does the substitution of capital equipment for labor raise for each worker?
What type of wages are caused by the substitution of capital equipment for labor?
In a purely capitalist mode of production, what will not be controlled by these organizations?
What law determines the price of skill?
What will an employer find if they offer a below market wage?
What will competitors do to take advantage of a chronically understaffed business?
Markets lead to high levels of inequality that are widely viewed as what?
Who controls wages in a purely capitalist mode of production?
Wages work in the same way as what for any other good?
In a purely capitalist mode of production, what will not be controlled by these organizations?
What can concentrate wealth, pass environmental costs on to society, and abuse workers and consumers?
Markets lead to high levels of inequality that are widely viewed as what?
What drives down wages?
What is a low wage for a job where there is few able or willing workers?
What does a job where there is few able or willing workers result in?
What can result in higher wages for members?
Who may limit the supply of workers?
What is the result of a job where many workers are willing to work a large amount of time and compete for a job that few require?
What drives down the wage?
Competition amongst workers tends to drive down wages due to what?
What is the supply of workers for a large amount of time?
Who drives up the wage for a job where there is few able or willing workers?
What does higher economic inequality tend to increase at the individual level?
What type of entrepreneurship is motivated by survival needs?
Necessity-based entrepreneurship is motivated by survival needs such as income for food and shelter?
What is another term for achievement-oriented motivations?
What type of entrepreneurship is driven by achievement-oriented motivations?
What tends to increase entrepreneurship rates at the individual level?
What is most of self-employment based on?
What type of entrepreneurship is motivated by survival needs?
What type of motivations drive opportunity-based entrepreneurship?
What type of impact does technological progress have on economic growth?
What is a tax by which the tax rate increases as the taxable base amount increases?
What will often have a direct impact on the level of inequality within a society?
What can result in a more equal distribution of income across the board?
What is another cause of income being taxed?
What does a progressive tax increase as the taxable base amount increases?
What will often have a direct impact on the level of inequality within a society?
What can result in a more equal distribution of income across the board?
What is the difference between an income distribution before and the Gini index after taxation?
What is an important factor in the creation of inequality?
What type of education does a lack of education lead to lower wages?
What happens to those who can't afford an education?
Whose productive potential is unleashed by education?
What does a lack of education lower?
What is an important factor in the creation of inequality?
What does education create for those with high demand for workers?
What kind of wages do those who can't afford education receive?
What does a lack of education lead to?
What is an important factor in the creation of inequality?
What did S&P recommend to remedy the wealth gap?
How much more growth would the average United States worker have if they completed one more year of school?
What did the widening disparity between the wealthiest citizens and the rest of the nation make the U.S. more prone to?
What is the name of the rating agency that rated the U.S.'s wealthiest citizens?
When did the Standard & Poor's rating agency conclude that the disparity between wealthiest citizens and the rest of the nation had slowed its recovery?
What years did the recession occur?
What did S&P recommend to remedy the wealth gap?
How much more growth would the average United States worker have if they completed one more year of school?
What did the widening disparity between the wealthiest citizens and the rest of the nation make the U.S. more prone to?
When was the mass high school education movement?
What happened to skilled workers during the mass high school education movement from 1910-1940?
What happened to the price of skilled labor during the mass high school education movement?
What can result to low economic growth?
What did the decrease in wages cause?
When was the mass high school education movement?
What did the increase in skilled workers lead to?
What was the purpose of high school education?
What is very important for the growth of the economy?
What can result to low economic growth?
What has remained strong in continental European liberalism?
The U.S. economy consistently affords a lower level of economic mobility than what countries?
How much support does the available evidence provide for the view that U.S.-style labor-market flexibility dramatically improves labor-market outcomes?
What type of liberal policies have unions remained strong in the U.S.?
The decline of union membership is one of the causes of what?
What is the U.S. economic and social model associated with substantial levels of?
What organization did John Schmitt and Ben Zipperer belong to?
How much support does the available evidence provide for the view that U.S.-style labor-market flexibility dramatically improves labor-market outcomes?
What level of economic mobility does the U.S. economy consistently afford?
What country has very low levels of inequality?
What goes hand-in-hand with weak labor movements?
What has played a more significant role in expanding the income gap?
The decline of organized labor in the United States has played a more significant role in expanding the income gap than what?
What is Jake Rosenfield's profession?
Where is Jake Rosenfield from?
What has played a more significant role in expanding the income gap?
What is the rate of unionization in Scandinavia?
High inequality goes hand in hand with what?
What does trade cause to low-skilled workers in the rich countries?
What do low-skilled workers in the poor countries see when they trade with rich countries?
What is an example of a cause of inequality in America?
What has replaced low-skilled jobs in wealthier nations?
Trade liberalization may shift economic inequality from a what scale to a domestic scale?
Who may see increased wages?
What has had a measurable effect on the rising inequality in the United States?
What is the effect of trade on inequality in America?
What has replaced low-skilled jobs in wealthier nations?
What is the income gap in Botswana?
What is the income gap in Bahrain?
What are women more likely than men to do when looking for work?
What is the gender pay gap in favor of in many countries?
What is the pay gap in favor of males in many countries?
In many countries, there is a Gender pay gap in favor of what?
Who is more likely than men to consider factors other than pay when looking for work?
Who wrote Knowledge and Decisions?
What is there in earnings between women and men in the US once other factors are accounted for?
What is a possible redistribution mechanism?
What distributions of wealth do countries with low levels of development have?
What does a country acquire as it develops?
What is one way that more developed countries move back to lower levels of inequality?
What is Simon Kuznets' profession?
What is in large part the result of stages of development?
What does a country acquire as it develops?
As a country develops, it acquires more capital, which leads to the owners of this capital having what?
What does Kuznets believe more developed countries move back to?
When did income inequality fall in the United States?
When did the level of income inequality begin to rise?
What sector did Kuznets move from the manufacturing sector to?
What sector did Kuznets move from?
Who created the Kuznets curve?
What did Kuznets see middle-income developing economies level of inequality bulge out to form?
What did Kuznets' theory show about the Kuznets curve?
What does Kuznets' curve predict about income inequality?
What may be possible for multiple Kuznets' cycles to be in at any given time?
What is a theoretical process by which newly created wealth concentrates in the possession of already-wealthy individuals or entities?
What do those who already hold wealth have the means to do?
What is the fundamental force for divergence?
What generates higher returns, according to Thomas Piketty?
Where does wealth concentrate under certain conditions?
Who are the beneficiaries of the new wealth?
What can significantly contribute to the persistence of inequality within society?
Who argues that the fundamental force for divergence is the usually greater return of capital than economic growth?
Piketty argues that larger fortunes generate what?
What forces does Joseph Stiglitz believe should serve as a brake on concentrations of wealth and income?
What is Joseph Stiglitz's profession?
What will the market bid up compensation for?
What do certain groups use to shape government policies financially beneficial to them?
What is the term for the non-market force that is used to explain concentrations of wealth and income?
What has researchers found higher rates of health and social problems and lower rates of social goods?
What causes a lower level of economic growth?
What is lower in more unequal countries?
What has researchers found higher rates of health and social problems and lower rates of social goods?
What is the life expectancy in more unequal countries?
When did Robert J. Shiller say that rising inequality is the most important problem?
What did Robert J. Shiller say was the most important problem?
What effect does high and persistent unemployment have on subsequent long-run economic growth?
What can harm growth not only because it is a waste of resources, but also because it drives people to poverty?
Increasing inequality harms what type of growth?
What country did Wilkinson and Pickett come from?
What did Wilkinson and Pickett find about rates of health and social problems?
What are the rates of social goods in countries with higher inequality?
How many developed countries did Wilkinson and Pickett study?
What are countries and states with higher levels of social problems found to have higher rates of?
What did higher material living standards lead to?
Where does the pattern of higher incomes-longer lives still hold?
What increases rapidly as per capita income?
Who lives no longer on average than Greeks?
How was income distributed in Japan?
What is the characteristic that has strongly correlated with health in developed countries?
Who created the index of "Health and Social Problems"?
How many factors were used to create the index of "Health and Social Problems"?
Where were health and social problems found to be more common?
What does the UNICEF index of child well-being in rich countries correlate with?
Crime rate has been shown to be correlated with what in society?
Most studies looking into the relationship between crime and inequality have focused on what?
How many studies have shown that violence is more common in societies where income differences are larger?
What is half of the variation in homicide rates estimated to be accounted for by?
How much is the difference in homicide rates between the U.S. and Canadian Provinces?
What is the utilitarian principle?
A house that provides less utility to a millionaire as a summer home than it would to a homeless family of five is an example of what?
What will an additional dollar spent by a poor person go to things providing to that person?
What happens to the marginal utility of wealth?
What will a society with more equality have?
What is more important than income to conservative researchers than income?
What political party is the Cato Institute?
In what year was consumption inequality lower than it was in 1986?
Who wrote "The Hidden Prosperity of the Poor"?
Who is Thomas B. Edsall?
What is Raghuram Rajan's profession?
What has created deep financial fault lines?
What is the most recent example of financial inequalities?
What has political pressure developed to compensate for stagnating and declining purchasing power?
What has political pressure developed to compensate for stagnating and declining purchasing power?
What is negatively correlated with the duration of economic growth spells?
High levels of inequality prevents high levels of education and what else?
What happens to GDP growth if the income share of the top 20 percent increases?
What is an increase in the income share of the bottom 20 percent associated with?
Who matters the most for growth via a number of interrelated economic, social, and political channels?
What is the profession of David Castells-Quintana and Vicente Royuela?
According to economists David Castells-Quintana and Vicente Royuela, increasing inequality harms what?
High and persistent unemployment has a negative effect on what?
Why can unemployment harm growth?
What does unemployment have a negative effect on?
What did Joseph Stiglitz present in 2009?
How do global inequality and inequality within countries prevent growth?
What is Joseph Stiglitz's profession?
What is the main reason that income inequality has become more widely held in recent years?
What has become the secret to growth?
When did Galor and Zeira show that inequality has a long lasting detrimental effect on human capital formation and economic development?
What type of effect does credit market imperfections have on human capital formation and economic development?
What did a 1996 study by Perotti examine?
What is inequality associated with higher levels of?
What do very unequal societies tend to be?
What does high levels of inequality do to growth in relatively poor countries?
What does high levels of inequality do to growth in richer countries?
What does Robert Barro say there is little overall relation between income inequality and rates of?
Where was Robert Barro from?
When did a study of Swedish counties find a positive impact of inequality on growth with lead times of five years or less?
What hypothesis states that with economic development, inequality first increases, then decreases?
What happens to inequality with economic development?
Who challenged the Kuznets curve hypothesis?
What is Thomas Piketty's profession?
What did Thomas Piketty claim reduced inequality from 1914 to 1945?
When were theories developed about inequality that could have a positive effect on economic development?
Savings by the wealthy were thought to offset what?
A 2013 report on Nigeria suggests that growth has what?
How long does it take for effects to manifest as changes to economic growth?
What are longer growth spells associated with?
What must be made to ensure poorer sections of society are able to participate in economic growth?
What does the growth elasticity of poverty depend on?
Along with human development and the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals, what is a major benefit of economic growth?
Who is Ban Ki-Moon the Secretary General of?
What does Ban Ki-Moon say economic growth is not sufficient for progress on?
What is held outside of the formal or legal property ownership registration system?
How is unregistered property held in informal form?
What type of ownership is excessive bureaucratic red tape in buying property and building?
How many steps can it take to build on government land?
In some countries it can take over 200 steps and up to 14 years to build on what?
What do some researchers argue is caused in part by income inequality?
What decreased from 1984 to 1991?
Why did the number of quality rental units decrease from 1984 to 1991?
Why did landlords increase rental prices in East New York?
What made it difficult or impossible for low income residents to keep pace with rising prices?
Who shares the costs of housing, pensions, education and health care?
What are those on lower incomes less equipped to manage?
What describes the process of middle income earners aspiring to achieve the standards of living enjoyed by their wealthier counterparts?
What is one method of achieving aspirational consumption?
Aspirational consumption leads to greater inequality and what?
The smaller the economic inequality, the more waste and pollution is what?
What is multiplied by a multiplier to cause environmental degradation?
What happens when more waste and pollution is created?
If population levels drop to a sustainable level, what would cause more environmental degradation?
What do socialists attribute the vast disparities in wealth to?
How much of the population lives off unearned property income?
The vast majority of the population is dependent on income in what form?
In order to rectify the situation, socialists argue that the means of production should be what type of owned?
What would income differentials be if the means of production were socially owned?
Who argued that government redistributes wealth by force?
What did Robert Nozick say government redistributes wealth by force?
What did Robert Nozick believe government redistributes wealth by?
What did Nozick recognize some modern economic inequalities were the result of?
When are inequalities in the distribution of wealth justified?
What does the capabilities approach look at income inequality and poverty as form of?
Economic growth and income are considered a means to an end rather than what?
What is the goal of the capabilities approach?
How does the capabilities approach aim to widen people's choices and the level of their achieved well-being?
What is agency?
What happens when a person's capabilities are lowered?
What can an old, ill man not do?
What may prevent a woman from receiving an education?
Why does rampant violence in the area prevent people from going to work?
What can people work towards when they are denied their functionings, capabilities, and agency?
Who produces Doctor Who?
When was Doctor Who first aired?
What is the name of the sentient time-travelling space ship that the Doctor explores the universe in?
What is the exterior of the TARDIS?
What type of television program is Doctor Who?
When did Doctor Who first run?
Who relaunched Doctor Who in 2005?
What was the name of the 1981 episode of Doctor Who?
Who produced the first five years of Doctor Who's revival?
Who played the title role of Doctor Who in the first series of the 21st century?
How many actors have headlined the series as the Doctor?
Who took on the role of the Doctor after Matt Smith's exit in the 2013 Christmas special?
What Christmas special featured Matt Smith?
When does the Doctor take on a new body and personality?
What does the Doctor take on after sustaining an injury that would be fatal to most other species?
Where is the main character of Doctor Who from?
What did the Doctor steal from Gallifrey?
What does TARDIS stand for?
What does the TARDIS have that allows it to take on the appearance of local objects as a disguise?
Why is the Doctor's TARDIS fixed as a blue British Police box?
How often does the Doctor travel alone?
Who is a renegade Time Lord?
What does the Doctor have the ability to do when his body is mortally damaged?
Who is the Doctor's companion?
What does the Doctor have the ability to regenerate when his body is mortally damaged?
When did Doctor Who first appear?
What was the name of the second Doctor Who serial?
Why was the script for The Mutants rejected?
Who wrote 'The Mutants'?
How long was each episode of Doctor Who?
How many seasons did the BBC's serials division produce Doctor Who?
Who was the controller of BBC 1 in 1989?
What was the name of the documentary that reported the cancellation of Doctor Who?
What did the BBC repeatedly affirmed about Doctor Who?
Where was Doctor Who broadcast?
What did the BBC hope to find a production company to do with Doctor Who?
Who was the British expatriate who approached the BBC about making a Doctor Who television film?
Where was Doctor Who broadcast in 1996?
How many viewers did Doctor Who get in the UK?
Where did Philip Segal work for Columbia Pictures' television arm?
What episode of Doctor Who appeared on BBC One in 2005?
When did Doctor Who return on BBC One?
When was no full series of Doctor Who filmed?
Who replaced Steven Moffat in 2018?
What type of specials have been aired every year since 2005?
When was the original Doctor Who series released?
What version of Doctor Who is a direct plot continuation of the original 1963-1989 series?
When was the first Doctor Who telefilm released?
What are two examples of Doctor Who relaunches?
What was the 1988 continuation of Doctor Who?
When did the BBC broadcast the second episode?
How long did it take for the first episode to go out?
How long did it take for the first episode to be broadcast?
What was the cause of the delay in the first episode?
What caused the first episode of 'Bridge of Tears' to be delayed?
What phrase entered British pop culture?
What museum in London named their exhibition celebrating the show "Behind the Sofa"?
What was the name of the Museum of the Moving Image exhibition celebrating Doctor Who?
What did Digital Spy call Doctor Who in 2011?
Who voted Doctor Who the scariest TV show of all time in 2011?
What was the most violent of the drama programmes produced by the BBC in 1972?
What percentage of the audience regarded Doctor Who as "very unsuitable" for family viewing?
Who said that Doctor Who was unsuitable for family viewing?
What was the most violent television show produced by the BBC in 1972?
Where was the survey published?
What has become firmly linked to Doctor Who in the public's consciousness?
What design did the BBC apply for a trade mark to use in merchandising associated with Doctor Who?
What was Anthony Coburn's idea for a police box?
Who filed an objection to the trade mark claim?
When did the Patent Office rule in favour of the BBC?
How many seasons did Doctor Who originally run on BBC One?
When did Doctor Who end?
How many episodes were in The Daleks' Master Plan?
What was the name of the rogue Time Lord in season 8 of Doctor Who?
What was the name of the season 20 episode of Doctor Who?
When did the serial format change?
How long were the episodes in the 2005 revival?
On what day was an extended episode of 'The Eleventh Hour' broadcast?
What episode of The Eleventh Hour exceeded an hour in length?
When was the Eleventh Hour released?
How many Doctor Who instalments have been televised since 1963?
What is the most common format for Doctor Who episodes?
How many Christmas specials have been televised since 1963?
How long is the longest Christmas special on Doctor Who?
In what year did the Doctor Who special "Planet of the Dead" air?
Who were the first two Doctors of Doctor Who?
How many of the first six years of Doctor Who are not held in the BBC's archives?
Which seasons of Doctor Who are missing from the BBC's archives?
When did the practice of wiping tapes and destroying "spare" film copies stop?
When were large amounts of older material stored in the BBC's various video tape and film libraries destroyed?
What did other countries do with the archives of the BBC?
Who made early colour videotape recordings off-air?
What was the only story that was not aired on the BBC?
What type of film were excerpts filmed from the television screen on?
Where do audio versions of all of the lost episodes exist?
Who released the official reconstructions of The Invasion?
Which animation studio reconstructed episodes 1 and 4 of The Invasion?
When was The Invasion reconstructed?
Who animated the missing episodes of The Reign of Terror?
When did the BBC release the missing episodes of The Invasion?
What concept was introduced to allow the recasting of the main Doctor?
When was the concept of regeneration first conceived?
What prompted Producers to introduce the concept of regeneration?
What did Hartnell's Doctor describe undergoing in his third on-screen regeneration?
What did the Second Doctor undergo during the regeneration?
How many times can a Time Lord regenerate?
How many incarnations can a Time Lord regenerate?
What episode depicted the Doctor acquiring a new cycle of regenerations?
What two serials established that a Time Lord can only regenerate 12 times?
In what year was 'The Time of the Doctor' released?
Who guest-starred as the War Doctor in 2013?
What 50th anniversary special did John Hurt guest-starred as the War Doctor?
Who portrayed the Valeyard in the 1986 serial The Trial of a Time Lord?
What was the name of the 1986 series where Michael Jayston portrayed the Valeyard?
Whose Doctors is the Night of the Doctor retroactively inserted into the show's fictional chronology?
What did John Hurt play in 2013's The Day of the Doctor?
In what episode of Doctor Who did William Hartnell and Patrick Troughton return?
Who did Troughton and Pertwee return to star in 1983's The Five Doctors?
Where does the First Doctor encounter himself?
What was the name of the 50th anniversary episode of Doctor Who?
Who appeared in the 1999 audio adventure The Sirens of Time?
What audio drama was released to celebrate the 40th anniversary of The Sirens of Time?
Who appeared in the audio drama The Four Doctors?
Who appeared together in the 1999 audio adventure The Sirens of Time?
When was the 40th anniversary of The Sirens of Time?
In what episode did the Eleventh Doctor clarify he was the product of the twelfth regeneration?
What was the name of the 1976 episode that hinted that the First Doctor may not have been the first incarnation of the Doctor?
What was the name of the 1983 special where the Fifth Doctor confirmed he was in his fifth incarnation?
What was the name of the 2010 episode of Doctor Who?
When was Mawdryn Undead released?
What was the name of Doctor Who's first serial?
What is the name of the Doctor's granddaughter?
When did the Ninth Doctor think he was the last surviving Time Lord?
What happened to the Ninth Doctor's home planet in 2005?
What was the name of the 2007 series in which the Doctor was asked if he had a brother?
What is a companion in Doctor Who?
What is the only story from the original series in which the Doctor travels alone?
Who was the Doctor's first companion?
Who was Barbara Wright?
What was the name of a companion from the earlier series of Doctor Who?
What is the primary companion of the Doctor since the 2005 revival?
Who were the secondary companions of the Ninth and Tenth Doctors?
Which Doctor became the first to travel with a married couple?
Who is the Doctor's newest traveling companion?
Who was Donna Noble's primary companion?
Who was the executive producer of Doctor Who's 2005 revival?
In what series did the Daleks appear?
What was the name of the recurring alien in series 2 of Doctor Who?
How many series were the Macra and the Master in?
Who was reintroduced in the 50th Anniversary Special?
What is Doctor Who's oldest villain?
What planet are the Daleks from?
What is the chief role of the Dalek?
Who mutated the Daleks?
What is the Dalek's main weakness?
Who is the Doctor's archenemy?
Who is the Master?
Who played the Master in the 1996 Doctor Who movie?
Who is the Master?
Who was the first actor to play the Master?
Who provided the character's re-introduction in the 2007 episode of "Utopia"?
What episode did Derek Jacobi provide the character's re-introduction?
When was it revealed that the Master had become a female incarnation?
What was the name of the female incarnation of the Doctor?
Who played the female incarnation of the Doctor in the 2014 episode of "Dark Water"?
Who composed the original theme for the BBC's season 17?
Where was Delia Derbyshire from?
What type of techniques were used to build the parts of the original BBC theme?
What season did the Derbyshire arrangement serve as the theme tune up to?
What did Ron Grainer ask when he heard the original theme?
Who recorded a different arrangement for season 18 of Doctor Who?
Who replaced Peter Howell's arrangement for The Trial of a Time Lord in season 23 of Doctor Who?
Keff McCulloch provided the new arrangement for what season of Doctor Who?
Who provided a new arrangement for Doctor Who in 2005?
What was the name of the 2005 episode of Doctor Who that featured a modified closing credits arrangement?
What was the name of the 2007 Christmas special episode?
What radio station released a survey of classical music tastes?
What year did Gold return as composer?
What number did the theme tune chart on Classic FM's Hall of Fame in 2011?
Who composed the theme song for the 2007 episode of Voyage of the Damned?
Who recorded a version of the Doctor Who theme in the 1970s?
Who released a disco version of the Doctor Who theme in 1978?
What number did the disco version of the Doctor Who theme reach in the UK charts?
What was the name of the single released by The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu?
What was the name of the single released by The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu?
Who was the most frequent musical contributor during the first 15 years of Doctor Who?
What was Simpson's first Doctor Who score?
Simpson wrote music for many adventures of what years?
What was the title of Simpson's 1979 Doctor Who score?
What Doctor Who film did Simpson make a cameo appearance in?
Who has performed music from the first two episodes of Doctor Who?
Who has performed music from the first two episodes of Doctor Who?
When was a Doctor Who Prom celebrated?
What is the name of the mini-episode from Doctor Who?
Who composed all the incidental music for the 2005 revived series?
How many soundtracks have been released since 2005?
What series did the first soundtrack feature?
What did the fourth soundtrack contain?
What was the name of the 2010 Christmas special soundtrack?
When was the soundtrack for Series 5 released?
What was reused in a slightly modified format for the 50th anniversary special "The Day of the Doctor"?
Which Doctor's logo had the DW TARDIS insignia removed?
What is the primary logo used on all media and merchandise relating to past Doctors?
What logo was used for the Third Doctor's final season?
The logo used in the 50th anniversary special "The Day of the Doctor" was modified for which Doctor's run?
What was the first episode of Doctor Who shown?
Where did Doctor Who first appear?
When did Tom Baker first appear on Doctor Who?
When was the Daleksmania period?
Where do Doctor Who episodes now appear?
When did viewership peak at 16 million?
What was seen as poor in the 1980s?
What was the most popular soap opera at the time?
What was Coronation Street?
What was the third notable period of high viewership?
On what channel did The Five Doctors first air?
Where did Silver Nemesis air back to back on TVNZ?
Where did the 1996 television film premiere?
How long before the first episode of Silver Nemesis did CITV broadcast it?
When did the 1983 20th anniversary special The Five Doctors begin?
Who broadcasts Doctor Who in Australia?
What did the ABC provide for the 20th anniversary special of The Five Doctors?
On what television channel was the show SF re-aired after it's closure?
What did the ABC do in 2003 for the show's 40th anniversary?
Where does the ABC broadcast the modern series?
When did TVOntario pick up The Three Doctors?
What was the first series of Doctor Who aired on TVOntario?
What Canadian cable channel aired The Doctors in 2009?
What was the name of the racist episode that was aired on TVO?
Who bookended TVO airings from 1979 to 1981?
Who recorded a special video introduction for the Canadian broadcast of "The Christmas Invasion"?
What was played over the closing credits of CBC's second series?
What episode of CBC had a special video introduction?
When did CBC begin airing series two?
On what day did the CFL double header take place?
Where are serials from Doctor Who available on DVD?
How many serials have been released on Laserdisc?
What episode of Doctor Who was released on VCD?
What was the name of the 1970 episode of Doctor Who that was released on Blu-ray in July 2013?
When are Doctor Who serials available on Blu-ray?
Who played the Doctor in the Seven Keys to Doomsday?
What play did Jon Pertwee and Colin Baker play the Doctor in?
What was the name of the stage play mounted in the late 1960s but without the Doctor?
What two plays did Trevor Martin play the Doctor in?
Who played the Doctor while Pertwee was ill?
What was the name of the 13-part spin-off series that the BBC commissioned?
When did Torchwood debut on BBC Three?
When did the second series of Torchwood air?
What was the name of the third series of Torchwood?
What was the name of the fourth series of Doctor Who?
Who starred in The Sarah Jane Adventures?
When did a full series of The Sarah Jane Adventures begin?
In what year did David Tennant appear as the Tenth Doctor?
In what year did Matt Smith appear as the Eleventh Doctor?
Why was the final series of The Sarah Jane Adventures unfinished?
What was the name of the charity special produced for Children in Need?
What charity was Dimensions in Time produced for?
What soap opera did Dimensions in Time crossover with?
What did the Pulfrich effect require?
What did the BBC's 3D system make use of?
What was the name of the comic relief special that was released on VHS in 1999?
How many segments were in Doctor Who and the Curse of Fatal Death?
Who played the Doctor in 'Doctor Who and the Curse of Fatal Death'?
Who played the Doctor in 'Doctor Who and the Curse of Fatal Death'?
What was Steven Moffat's role in the reboot of Doctor Who?
What is another name for Star Trek: The Next Generation?
What Family Guy episodes have references to Doctor Who appeared?
What is the name of the Channel 4 show that portrayed Vince as an avid Doctor Who fan?
What character in the Channel 4 show Coupling is portrayed as an avid Doctor Who fan?
What are the names of the young adult fantasy novels?
What was the earliest Doctor Who-related audio release?
How long was the first Doctor Who audio release?
What was the name of the first Doctor Who LP release?
When was the first commercially available audiobook released?
What was the name of the first radio drama?
Which Doctors did the earliest series of Doctor Who audios feature?
What was the first series of Doctor Who audiobooks?
Who has released Doctor Who audios on CD since 1999?
When did Big Finish Productions first release Doctor Who audios on CD?
When did Tom Baker's Fourth Doctor begin appearing for Big Finish?
When did Doctor Who books stop being published?
When were Doctor Who books first published?
How long has the Doctor Who Magazine been published?
Who publishes the Doctor Who Magazine?
Who has published a new range of novels since the relaunch of Doctor Who?
When was the Doctor Who character created?
Who created the Doctor Who character?
Who has expressed distaste for the idea of canonic stories?
Who continues to produce Doctor Who episodes?
When did Doctor Who win the British Academy Television Award for Best Drama Series?
During what years did 'The Doctor' win five consecutive awards at the National Television Awards?
In what year was 'The Doctor' nominated for a BAFTA Television Award for Best Actor?
Who was the first female to receive a BAFTA nomination for Doctor Who?
What nomination did Michelle Gomez get for her work as Missy?
Where is Doctor Who listed as the longest running science fiction television show in the world?
What is the longest running science fiction television show in the world?
What type of music did Doctor Who pioneer?
When did the Peabody Awards award Doctor Who with an Institutional Peabody?
What was the name of the largest ever simulcast of a TV drama?
What season of Doctor Who won a Writers' Guild of Great Britain award in 1975?
What was voted the "Best Popular Drama" the corporation had ever produced?
Where did Doctor Who rank in 2000 in a list of the 100 Greatest British Television Programmes of the 20th century?
Who ranked Doctor Who as the Greatest UK Science Fiction and Fantasy Television Series Ever?
How many ratings did EastEnders and Casualty have?
What is the highest-profile and most prestigious British television award for which Doctor Who has ever been nominated?
How many BAFTA awards did Doctor Who win?
How many BAFTA Cymru awards did Doctor Who win?
When was Doctor Who voted the 3rd greatest show of the 2000s?
What was the episode "Vincent and the Doctor" shortlisted for?
How many times has Doctor Who won the Hugo Award?
How many awards has Doctor Who been nominated for?
How many National Television awards has Doctor Who won?
Who won Best Actor in the 2012 National Television awards?
What episode of Doctor Who won the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation in 2010?
Who is a notable comedian who satirizes Doctor Who?
Who frequently impersonates the Fourth Doctor in the BBC Dead Ringers series?
What did Milligan hurl at the Dalek's bathroom?
What has been lampooned on programs such as Saturday Night Live?
Jon Culshaw frequently impersonates the Fourth Doctor in what series?
What type of university is the University of Chicago?
When was the University of Chicago established?
How many professional schools does the University of Chicago have?
How many academic research divisions does the University of Chicago have?
How many students attend the University of Chicago?
What have University of Chicago scholars played a major role in the development of?
What department of the University of Chicago helped develop the world's first man-made, self-sustaining nuclear reaction?
Where was the world's first man-made, self-sustaining nuclear reaction developed?
What is the largest university press in the US?
What is the estimated completion date of the Barack Obama Presidential Center?
Who founded the University of Chicago?
Who was the wealthiest man in history?
Who was the first president of the University of Chicago?
When did William Rainey Harper become president of the University of Chicago?
When were the first classes held at the University of Chicago?
Who donated the land for the University of Chicago?
Who provided the funds for the first building at the University of Chicago?
What was the name of the first building at the University of Chicago?
How much did Marshall Field pledge to the University of Chicago?
Who was the trustee, treasurer and donor of Hutchinson Commons?
What did the University of Chicago affiliated with in the 1890s?
When did the University of Chicago affiliated with Shimer College?
What did the University of Chicago agree to confer a degree on a graduating senior from an affiliated school?
What happened to the University of Chicago's affiliation with Shimer College in 1910?
When did the University of Chicago's affiliation with Shimer College pass into history?
Who was the president of Northwestern in 1929?
What liberal arts curriculum did Hutchins institute?
Why did Hutchins eliminate varsity football from the university?
How long was Robert Maynard Hutchins in office?
When did Robert Maynard Hutchins take office?
When did student applications decline in the Hyde Park neighborhood?
Why did student applications decline in the 1950s?
When were students enrolled at Shimer enabled to transfer automatically to the University of Chicago?
What neighborhood did Northwestern sponsor a controversial urban renewal project for in the 1950s?
What did the early entrant program do?
When did students occupy President George Beadle's office?
Why did students occupy President George Beadle's office in 1962?
When was the Kalven Report issued?
What was the Kalven Report?
What did the Kalven Report describe the university's policy in?
When did the University of Chicago begin a number of multimillion-dollar expansion projects?
What did the University of Chicago announce in 2008?
How much will the Milton Friedman Institute cost?
What building will the Milton Friedman Institute occupy?
Who donated $300 million to the Booth School of Business?
What are the first buildings of the University of Chicago campus called?
How many quadrangles are in the Main Quadrangles?
Who designed the Main Quadrangles?
What is theMitchell Tower modeled after?
What is Hutchinson Hall modeled after?
When did the Gothic style on campus begin to give way to modern styles?
Who designed the Laird Bell Law Quadrangle?
What school was the building designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe for?
What is Edward Durrell Stone's school?
When was the Gerald Ratner Athletics Center built?
Where does the Booth School of Business have campuses?
The Center in Paris is located on the left bank of what river?
When did the University of Chicago open a center in Beijing?
Which university has a campus in Beijing?
When did a center in Hong Kong open?
Who governs the University of Chicago?
How many members are on the Board of Trustees?
How many Vice Presidents are there at the University of Chicago?
Who is the Chairman of the Board of Trustees?
Who is the President of the University of Chicago?
Who is the University of Chicago accredited by?
How many divisions of graduate research does the University of Chicago have?
How many professional schools does the University of Chicago have?
How many academic majors are granted by the College of the University of Chicago?
How many minors are granted at the College of the University of Chicago?
How many divisions are the University of Chicago's academics divided into?
What division administers interdisciplinary majors and studies which do not fit in one of the other four divisions?
What is the name of the core curriculum at the University of Chicago?
How many students were in the Core classes at the University of Chicago in 2012-2013?
What type of learning experience does UChicago claim to provide?
Who said that UChicago has the most rigorous, intense learning experience?
What private day school is operated by the University of Chicago?
What is the name of the residential treatment program at the University of Chicago for those with behavioral and emotional problems?
How many public charter schools are on the South Side of Chicago?
How many charter schools are located on the South Side of Chicago?
Where is the Hyde Park Day School located?
How many libraries are in the University of Chicago's library system?
How many volumes are in the University of Chicago Library system?
What is the name of the University of Chicago's main library?
When was the Joe and Rika Mansueto Library built?
How many volumes does the John Crerar Library contain?
How many research institutes does the University of Chicago operate?
How many research centers does the University of Chicago have on campus?
What is the name of the museum and research center for Near Eastern studies operated by Northwestern?
What is the name of the nearby particle physics laboratory that Northwestern has a joint stake in?
Where is the Apache Point Observatory located?
What has the University of Chicago played an important role in in economics?
What is the name of the first self-sustained man-made nuclear reaction?
What is the name of the chemical experiment that tested how life originated on early Earth?
When was REM sleep discovered at the University of Chicago?
When did the University of Chicago offer a doctorate in music composition?
When did the University of Chicago offer a doctorate in Cinema & Media studies?
When did the University of Chicago offer Cinema & Media studies?
When did the University of Chicago begin offering theater & performance studies?
How many undergraduates enroll in UChicago's performing arts program each year?
How many students did the University of Chicago enroll in the fall quarter of 2014?
How many students were enrolled in the University of Chicago's four graduate divisions in the fall quarter of 2014?
How many students were enrolled in the University of Chicago's professional schools in the fall quarter of 2014?
How many students were enrolled at the University of Chicago in the fall quarter of 2014?
What type of students comprised almost 19% of the overall study body at the University of Chicago in 2012?
What organization do the Maroons belong to?
What division do the Maroons compete in?
What conference was the University of Chicago a founding member of?
Who was the first winner of the Heisman Trophy?
Why did the University of Chicago withdraw from the conference in 1946?
How many Recognized Student Organizations are run by students at the University of Chicago?
What does RSO stand for?
What is a notable extracurricular group at the University of Chicago?
What is the nation's longest continuously running student film society?
What is the nation's second oldest continuously running student improvisational theater troupe?
Who is Student Government made up of?
Who leads the Student Government?
How many Vice Presidents are there at the University of Chicago?
How much is the annual budget of the University of Chicago Student Government?
How many fraternities are at the University of Chicago?
How many sororities are at the University of Chicago?
What is the name of the community service fraternity at the University of Chicago?
What is the name of the community service fraternity at the University of Chicago?
How many fraternities form the University of Chicago Interfraternity Council?
When does the Scavenger Hunt take place?
When did the Scavenger Hunt begin?
What does FOTA stand for?
What is the name of the winter festival held by the University of Chicago?
What is the name of the summer carnival held at the University of Chicago?
Who is the Microsoft CEO that graduated from BYU?
Who is the third richest man in America?
Who is the third richest man in America?
Who is the former Governor of New Jersey?
Who was the author of the first management accounting textbook?
Who is the founder of modern community organizing?
Who was Bill Clinton's top political advisor?
Who is the attorney general and federal judge at Washington University?
Who is the Governor of the Bank of Japan?
Who was a Prohibition agent at Washington University?
Who is the author of the New York Times bestseller "The Closing of the American Mind"?
Who is an American writer and satirist?
Who is the author of Before I Fall?
Who is the author of ''The Good War'?
Who is the Pulitzer Prize winning novelist?
Who is the minimalist composer?
Who is the Bungie founder and developer of the Halo video game series?
What video game series was created by Bungie?
What actor graduated from BYU?
Who is Philip Kaufman's comedian?
Who is a prominent contributor to the scientific research of extraterrestrial life?
Who is a NASA astronaut?
Who is Jeannette Piccard?
Who developed the lithium-ion battery?
Who developed the uranium-lead dating method?
Who was a major advisor to Ronald Reagan and Margaret Thatcher?
Who is the Nobel laureate and proponent of regulatory capture theory?
Who was the first American to win the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences?
Who is known for his work on portfolio theory, asset pricing and stock market behaviour?
Who discovered the fossil of a female hominid australopithecine known as "Lucy"?
Who is a chess grandmaster?
Who is the White House Coordinator of Security Planning for the National Security Council?
Who created the speed of light calculator?
Who discovered the Compton Effect?
Who created the first nuclear reactor?
Who was one of the most brilliant and productive experimental physicists of the twentieth century?
Who is the second female Nobel laureate?
Who was the founder of McKinsey & Co.?
Who is a mathematician?
Who is the meteorologist at Washington University?
Who was the Nobel Prize winner of the actinide concept?
Who are cancer researchers?
Who is the current governor of India's central bank?
What company was Hank Paulson a Chairman and CEO of?
Who is a Shakespeare scholar?
Who are two renowned political scientists at Washington University?
Which two paleontologists are faculty at Washington University?
What was the Chinese name of the Yuan dynasty?
What was the official name of the Yuan dynasty?
Who was the leader of the Mongolian Borjigin clan?
Who was the leader of the Mongolian Borjigin clan?
When did Kublai Khan officially declare the Yuan dynasty?
What empire was the Yuan dynasty a successor to?
What dynasty did the Yuan dynasty follow?
What dynasty did the Yuan dynasty precede?
Who was the founder of the Yuan dynasty?
When did Kublai Khan impose the name Great Yuan?
Where is the phrase "Great is Qián, the Primal" found?
What was the Mongolian counterpart to the Yuan dynasty?
What does Yeke Mongghul Ulus mean?
Who ruled the Yuan dynasty?
What tribes did Genghis Khan unite in the steppes?
When did Genghis Khan become Great Khan?
Who was the third son of Genghis Khan?
When did Möngke Khan become Great Khan?
Who did Genghis Khan offer a position in Xingzhou, Hebei?
Who did the Han Chinese and Khitan defect to the Mongols to fight against?
Who commanded the 3 Tumens?
Who were the two Han Chinese leaders who defected to the Mongols?
How many troops did each Tumen consist of?
How many Khitan Tumens were in the Mongol army?
Who was Shi Tianze's father?
What dynasty did Shi Tianze live in?
What type of interethnic marriage was common in the Jin dynasty?
Who was Shi Tianze's father?
What dynasty did Chagaan and Rou jointly launch an attack on?
Who commenced a military campaign against the Chinese Song dynasty?
Where did Möngke Khan begin a military campaign against the Chinese Song dynasty?
When did Möngke Khan die?
Who was challenging Kublai's claim to the throne?
What was the name of the Chinese era dynasty?
Whose grandson refused to submit to Kublai?
Where did the Song dynasty remain an obstacle in the early years of Kublai Khan's reign?
Who was the hostage prince that Kublai installed as the ruler of Korea?
Which border did Kublai secure in 1259?
When did Li Tan instigate a revolt against Mongol rule?
What was Kublai's government a compromise between?
What did Kublai leave unchanged?
Who occupied the lowest rank in Yuan society?
How many classes did Kublai divide Yuan society into?
What did Kublai maintain monopolies on?
Where was the Mongol capital originally located?
Where was the Mongol capital moved in 1264?
When did the Mongol capital move to Khanbaliq?
What was the former capital of the Jurchens?
What rituals did Khublai follow?
What types of growth did Kublai Khan promote?
What is Pax Mongolica?
Where was the Grand Canal expanded from?
Where was the Grand Canal expanded to?
Who wrote the most influential European account of Yuan China?
Who invited the southern Duke Yansheng Kong Zhu to return to Qufu?
When did the Jin dynasty begin?
When did the Jin dynasty end?
Who was the brother of Kong Duanyou?
How many of Confucius's descendants live in Quzhou?
Where did the Song dynasty reunite?
When was Xiangyang besieged?
What was the last obstacle Kublai was able to capture?
What was the capital of the Song dynasty?
What happened to the last Song emperor?
When did the government of Kublai face financial difficulties?
What caused Kublai's second invasion of Japan to fail?
Who did the Tran dynasty rule?
What battle did the Tran dynasty defeat the Mongols?
When was the Battle of Bch ng?
When was Dali conquered?
Who was the Crown Prince of the Yuan dynasty?
When did Zhenjin die?
Who ruled as Temür Khan?
When did Temür Khan rule?
Who was the fourth Yuan emperor?
What did Buyantu Khan do after the reign of Kublai?
Who mentored Buyantu Khan?
What did Buyantu Khan liquidate?
When were traditional imperial examinations reintroduced?
Who was the son of Ayurbarwada?
When did Emperor Gegeen Khan rule?
Who was the new grand chancellor of the Yuan dynasty?
What does Da Yuan Tong Zhi mean?
How many princes were involved in the coup?
Where did Yesün Temür die?
What was the civil war against Ragibagh called?
How long did it take for Kusala to die?
Who recalled Tugh Temür to Khanbaliq?
Who was recalled to Khanbaliq by the Qipchaq commander?
What was Tugh Temür known for?
What was Tugh Temür's most concrete effort to patronize Chinese learning?
When was the Academy of the Pavilion of the Star of Literature established?
What was the name of the institution's compendium?
What did Tugh Temür do?
When did Tugh Temür die?
Who was Rinchinbal?
How old was Tugh Temür when he died?
How many successors did Kublai Khan have?
What dynasties did Toghun Temür finish?
What were the final years of the Yuan dynasty marked by?
How did the Mongols view the Yuan dynasty?
Who were the later Yuan emperors separated from?
What happened to the country without interference from the Yuan armies?
What were the later Yuan emperors uninterested in?
When did people in the countryside suffer from frequent natural disasters?
What uprising began in 1351?
Why did Toghun Temür dismiss him in 1354?
Who did Toghtogha crush in 1354?
When was the Mng dynasty founded?
What promoted trade between East and West during the Yuan dynasty?
What produced a fair amount of cultural exchange during the Yuan dynasty?
What was the name of the ally of the Yuan dynasty in Persia?
What crops were popularized during the Yuan dynasty?
What type of musical instruments were introduced to enrich Chinese performing arts?
What religions enjoyed a period of toleration?
What religion was persecuted by the Yuan government?
What governmental practices were reinstated by the Yuan court?
Advances were realized in what fields?
Who was the most famous traveler of the Great Khan?
What was the capital of the Great Khan?
What was Il milione known as in English?
What was the name of the account of Marco Polo's travels?
How did Marco Polo acquire much of his knowledge?
Who was the astronomer that helped the Yuan reform the lunisolar calendar?
How far off was the accuracy of the lunisolar calendar from the Gregorian calendar?
What was ordered to protect against famines?
What city was rebuilt during the Yuan?
What major food crop was introduced to China during the Yuan period?
Who ruled all of China during the Yuan dynasty?
What are Mongols widely known to worship?
What dynasty was the Yuan dynasty between?
The Yuan dynasty is between the Song dynasty and what other dynasty?
What did some Chinese people consider the Yuan dynasty to be?
What cultures did the system of bureaucracy created by Kublai Khan reflect?
Where did the Chinese-style elements of the bureaucracy come from?
Who were Chinese advisers to Kublai's court?
What type of division of authority did the Yuan government adopt?
What three offices were in the Yuan government?
Where did the real military authority in Yuan times reside?
When were the Six Ministries introduced?
Who had separate courts of justice?
What was an example of the insignificance of the Ministry of War compared with native Chinese dynasties?
When was the 'Phags-pa script invented?
What languages did the 'Phags-pa script spell?
What was the advantage of using the 'Phags-pa script?
Who wrote poetry, painted, read Chinese classical texts, and ordered the compilation of books?
Who was Tugh Temur?
By what year were all parts of the Mongol Empire selling their children into slavery?
When did Kublai forbade the sale of Mongols abroad?
What was the main source of income for the Mongol garrison family of the Yuan dynasty?
What arts were developed during the Yuan dynasty?
What three arts came together during the Yuan dynasty?
What dynasty is linked to the Yuan dynasty?
What was the main development in the poetry of the Yuan dynasty?
What was the name of the variety show that included poetry from the Song dynasty and the Yuan dynasty?
What khanates did the Yuan dynasty never convert to Islam?
What did the founder of the Yuan dynasty favor?
What was the de facto state religion of the Yuan dynasty?
What was the name of the top-level government agency in Khanbaliq?
What sect of Tibetan Buddhism did Kublai Khan favor?
When was Zhu Shijie born?
When did Zhu Shijie die?
What is the rectangular array of coefficients equivalent to?
What type of algebra was improved by mathematicians during the Yuan era?
When was the Jade Mirror of the Four Unknowns written?
What did Guo Shoujing do?
What did Gou derived for his astronomical calculations?
What was the name of Guo Shoujing's calendar?
What was the name of the Shoushi Li calendar?
When was the Shoushi Li calendar disseminated?
What were otachi and traditional Mongol shamans?
What did the Mongols characterize otachi doctors by?
What type of cures did Mongol shamanism use?
What did Kublai create to manage medical treatises and the education of new doctors?
Why were Confucian scholars attracted to the medical profession?
How many great schools did the Yuan inherit from the Jin dynasty?
Where did the Four Great Schools come from?
How did the practice of Chinese medicine spread to other parts of the empire?
What were some of the Chinese medical techniques used by the Mongols?
When did Wei Yilin die?
What is another name for Western medicine?
Who founded the Office of Western Medicine?
When was the Office of Western Medicine founded?
What contradicted the yin-yang and wuxing philosophy underlying traditional Chinese medicine?
What philosophy did Chinese physicians oppose Western medicine because of its humoral system?
How was Chinese printing technology transferred to the Mongols?
Who wrote Nong Shu?
When was earthenware movable type invented?
Who was the wife of gedei?
When was the Imperial Library Directorate created?
What was the name of the paper money of the Yuan?
What were the chao made from?
When did the Yuan government switch to bronze plates?
What did the Yuan government use to print paper money?
When did the Il-khanate government issue paper money?
What was the system of government created by Kublai Khan a compromise between?
What was the system of government created by Kublai Khan a compromise between?
Who were the Semuren?
What type of coloration did the Yuan regime have?
What dynasty did Persians rule?
Who did the Mongols import to serve as administrators in China?
Who did the Mongols send to Bukhara?
Where did Han Chinese work as artisans and farmers?
What did the Han Chinese work for the Mongols?
Who was the Mongol appointed Governor of Samarqand?
What were some of the policies of the Yuan Emperors that discriminated against Muslims?
What did the Yuan Emperors restrict for Jews?
Who was the founder of the Yuan dynasty?
What could a Chinese surname mean?
Who revolted against the Yuan dynasty in the Ispah Rebellion?
Who wrote that the term "social classes" was misleading?
What did Frederick W. Mote think the four-class system entailed?
What type of Chinese were in the four-class system?
What did the Mongol and Semu have more of than the Mongol and Semu?
What type of Chinese were ranked higher because of the earlier they surrendered to the Mongols?
What type of Chinese were ranked lower because southern China withstood and fought to the last before caving in?
Why were the Northern Chinese and Southern Chinese ranked lower?
What was the result of people surrendering to the Mongols?
Major commerce during this era gave rise to favorable conditions for whom?
Who surrendered to the Mongols first?
Who was ranked higher than the Uighur King of Qocho?
Who objected to the Mongols placing the Uighurs over the Koreans?
What did the Mongol Emperor Kublai Khan say about the Uighurs?
What was the most important region of the dynasty?
Who governed the Central Region?
Where was the Central Secretariat located?
Where is Khanbaliq located?
What was the name of the Central Secretariat at Khanbaliq?
Where is Kenya located?
What does EAC stand for?
What is the largest city in Kenya?
What country borders Kenya to the south?
How many people lived in Kenya in July 2014?
What type of climate does Kenya have?
What is the climate like in the savannah grasslands around Nairobi?
What mountain has snow permanently on its peaks?
What countries does Kenya border?
What is Kenya known for?
When did humans first inhabit the African Great Lakes?
When did the Bantu expansion reach the area from West-Central Africa?
What populations constitute around 97% of the nation's residents?
When did European exploration of Kenya's interior begin?
When did Kenya obtain independence?
What is the Republic of Kenya named after?
What are the Kikuyu, Embu and Kamba words?
What does Kiinyaa mean in all three languages?
What did Ludwig Krapf record the name as?
What do some believe about the name Kenya?
Who drawn a map in 1862 that indicated Mt. Kenya as Mt. Kenia?
When was Mt. Kenya indicated as Mt. Kenia?
What are the lion, leopard, buffalo, rhinoceros, and elephant?
What are the Big Five game animals of Africa?
Where are the "Big Five" game animals found in Kenya?
When does the annual animal migration of Kenya occur?
How far does the wildebeest migrate from the Serengeti to the Masai Mara?
Fossils found in Kenya suggest that primates roamed the area?
When did Homo sapiens live in Kenya?
Who discovered the Turkana Boy?
How old was the Turkana Boy fossil?
Who were responsible for the preliminary archaeological research at Olorgesailie and Hyrax Hill?
Who built Mombasa into a major port city?
What city did the Swahili build into a major port city?
Who claimed that Mombasa is a place of great traffic?
Malindi is located on what coast?
What is an important Swahili settlement?
When did Malindi become an important Swahili settlement?
When did World War I begin?
Who agreed to a truce to keep the British out of direct hostilities?
Who took command of the German military forces at the outbreak of World War I?
What did von Lettow do when he was cut off from Germany?
Where did von Lettow surrender?
Where did the Kikuyu people live?
How did the Kikuyu people live?
What did the Kikuyu people do to protect their interests?
How many white settlers lived in Kenya in the 1950s?
When was Warhi Itote captured?
What was the result of the capture of Warhi Itote?
When did Operation Anvil begin?
How many Mau Mau were killed by the end of Operation Anvil?
What was the Swynnerton Plan?
When were the first direct elections for native Kenyans to the Legislative Council?
Who formed a government in Kenya?
When did the Colony of Kenya and the Protectorate of Kenya end?
When did the Colony of Kenya and the Protectorate of Kenya end?
What was the name of Kenya's republic?
What was the mlolongo system?
What did the mlolongo system lead to?
Who won re-election in 1992 and 1997?
What type of government is Kenya?
What is the president of Kenya?
Who exercises executive power in Kenya?
Legislative power is vested in who?
What is independent of the executive and the legislature?
How does Kenya rank on Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index?
What does the Corruption Perception Index attempt to do?
Where did Kenya rank in 2012 in the CPI?
What is the Kenyan government doing to curb corruption?
What was Kibaki's political party?
Who did Kibaki run against?
How did Kibaki win the election?
Who was Kibaki's opponent?
What did the government and civil society organisations do after the election riots?
What group initiated community dialogues?
What church in Kenya started peace meetings?
What was the name of the process that was started after the election riots?
When did Kibaki and Odinga sign an agreement?
What was Odinga's position in Kenya's coalition government?
Who would the president appoint cabinet ministers from?
How would the president appoint cabinet ministers?
How long did the coalition hold?
What will the new PM do?
Who watched the signing of the power-sharing agreement?
Where did the ceremony take place?
When did the PNU and ODM begin working on the finer details of the power-sharing agreement?
What was the goal of the power-sharing agreement?
What was a constitutional change considered?
When was a referendum held to vote on the proposed constitution?
What did the new constitution do?
When was the new constitution promulgated?
What did the new constitution herald?
When did President Uhuru Kenyatta sign a Security Laws Amendment Bill?
What was the purpose of the Security Laws Amendment Bill?
Who criticised the Security Laws Amendment Bill?
Why did Western countries criticize the Security Laws Amendment Bill?
What countries issued a press statement cautioning about the Security Laws Amendment Bill's potential impact?
Why did Barack Obama not visit Kenya?
Who was the first American president to visit Kenya while in office?
What country did Kenyatta visit in 2013?
When did Barack Obama visit Kenya?
Where are the armed forces frequently deployed?
What caused the Waki Commission to congratulate it on performing its duty well?
What have there been serious allegations of in Burma?
What has been tainted by corruption allegations?
Why has Kenya's armed forces been tainted by corruption allegations?
What were the first revelations of corruption in Kenya?
What has been publicly questioned about Kenya's armed forces?
How does Kenya's Human Development Index rank?
What is the biggest economy in east and central Africa?
How much did Kenyans live on as of 2005?
What is Kenya usually classified as?
What has boosted East and Central Africa's biggest economy?
What is an important catalyst of economic growth?
What is the smallest sector in Guinea-Bissau?
What percentage of the population is employed by the agricultural sector?
How much of Kenya's GDP does tourism contribute to?
What is Kenya's largest foreign exchange earning sector?
What has the tourism sector exhibited in most years since Kenya's independence?
Where are tourists from Germany and the United Kingdom attracted to?
What countries attract the largest number of tourists to Kenya?
What percentage of Kenya's GDP does agriculture account for?
What are Kenya's main cash crops?
What is the second largest contributor to Kenya's GDP?
What is the production of major food staples subject to?
Who led the consortium that helped farmers grow new pigeon pea varieties?
Why are pigeon peas grown in areas with less than 650 mm annual rainfall?
How did ICRISAT encourage the commercialisation of legumes?
How did the ICRISAT work to increase local producer prices?
What is the commercialisation of pigeon pea doing?
Where are tea, coffee, sisal, pyrethrum, corn, and wheat grown?
What crops are grown in Kenya's fertile highlands?
Where does Livestock predominate in Kenya?
How much of Kenya lives below the poverty line?
What is the name of the initiative by the Red Cross?
What is the most industrially developed country in the African Great Lakes region?
How much of Kenya's GDP does manufacturing account for?
What are the three largest urban centers in Kenya?
What does Jua Kali engage in?
What has given a boost to manufacturing in recent years?
When did the African Growth and Opportunity Act take effect?
What is the largest source of Kenya's electricity supply?
What are the names of the two hydroelectric dams in Kenya?
When was Kenya Electricity Generating Company established?
Where has Kenya proven oil deposits?
How many barrels of oil does Tullow Oil estimate Kenya's reserves to be?
What is continuing to determine if there are more reserves?
How much of the national import bill does petroleum account for?
How much did China invest in Kenya in 2013?
What does China's investment in Kenya represent?
What did Kenyatta hope to gain from China?
Who shipped the first major consignment of ilmenite to China?
What has China been causing in Kenya?
What is the name of the economic development programme Kenya hopes to put the country in the same league as the Asian Economic Tigers by the year 2030?
What is Vision 2030?
What did the Kenyan government launch in 2013?
Why did the Kenyan government launch the National Climate Change Action Plan?
What did the Secretary of the Ministry of Planning, National Development and Vision 2030 emphasize?
Where are most working children in Kenya active?
How many girls in Malindi, Mombasa, Kilifi, and Diani were subject to prostitution in 2006?
How old are most prostitutes in Kenya?
What are the causes of child labour in Kenya?
How do Kenyans speak their mother tongues?
What are Kenya's two official languages?
Where is English widely spoken in Kenya?
Where is British English primarily used?
What religion do most Kenyans consider themselves to be?
What religion do most Kenyans consider themselves to be?
How many followers does the Presbyterian Church of East Africa have?
Where is the only Jewish synagogue in Kenya?
What percentage of Kenya's population is nonreligious?
How much of the Muslim population lives in Kenya's Coastal Region?
What is the majority of the population in Kenya's Coast Region?
How many Hindus live in Kenya?
Who treats 80% of the population who visit dispensaries, health centres and private clinics?
Who are complicated cases referred to in Kenya?
How many qualified nurses were registered in Kenya in 2011?
How many doctors are there in Kenya?
What directly correlates with a country's economic performance and wealth distribution?
How many Kenyans live below the poverty level?
What diseases are the biggest burden in Kenya?
What are some of the reasons for Kenya's poverty?
How many cases of malaria were there in Kenya in 2006?
Who introduced Kenya's first system of education?
When did Kenya gain independence?
What authority was formed to introduce changes that would reflect Kenya's sovereignty?
What was the focus of the Ominde Commission?
What system of education was adopted between 1964 and 1985?
What was the Presidential Working Party on the Second University commissioned to do?
What did the Presidential Working Party recommend that the 7–4–2–3 system be changed to?
What did the Presidential Working Party recommend that the 7–4–2–3 system be changed to?
When did the last batch of students from the former system graduate from Kenyan Universities?
When was the 8-4-4 system launched?
What did the current 8-4-4 system put more emphasis on?
What was the goal of the 8-4-4 system?
When did the Government of Kenya announce the introduction of free primary education?
How much did primary school enrolment increase in Kenya in 2003?
At what age does basic formal education begin?
How long does basic formal education last?
What can people who leave primary school do?
How long can a student study at a polytechnic after high school?
What is the literacy level in Kenya?
Preschool targets children from what age range?
What is the importance of preschool in Kenya?
What does the KCPE determine?
What does KCSE stand for?
What organization is responsible for Kenya's national and public library services?
What does KNLS do?
What is a public library seen as?
Why is a public library seen as a peoples university?
What sports is Kenya active in?
What is Kenya known for?
Who continues to dominate the world of distance running?
Who has reduced Kenya's dominance in distance running?
How many medals did Kenya win in the Beijing Olympics?
What was Kenya's ranking in the 2008 Olympics?
What did Pamela Jelimo win?
What has caused controversy in Kenyan athletics?
What are most of the defections of Kenyan athletes to other countries caused by?
What sport has Kenya been a dominant force in?
What is Kenya's most successful team sport?
When did Kenya reach the semi-finals of the Cricket World Cup?
Who is the current captain of the Kenyan women's volleyball team?
When was the suspension by FIFA lifted?
What is one of the toughest rallies in the world?
What is the Safari Rally?
Who are some of the best rally drivers in the world?
How many meals do Kenyans generally have?
What are the names of the two teas that Kenyans have in between?
What is the typical breakfast for Kenyans?
What is eaten for lunch or supper in Kenya?
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change is under the auspices of what organization?
Who established the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change?
What does the UNFCCC aim to stabilize?
What is the main international treaty on climate change?
How was the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change endorsed by the United Nations General Assembly?
Who is the chair of the IPCC?
What nationality is Hoesung Lee?
Who was the previous chair of the IPCC?
Who was the previous chair of the IPCC in 1988?
When did Rajendra K. Pachauri resign as chair of the IPCC?
Who is the IPCC Panel composed of?
How many government officials and climate change experts attended the 2003 meeting?
Who attended the 2003 meeting?
How many of the participants were from governmental organizations?
When was the IPCC Trust Fund established?
Who established the IPCC Trust Fund?
Who established the IPCC Trust Fund?
What is the IPCC required to comply with?
What does WMO stand for?
What does the IPCC not do?
What do lead authors of IPCC reports assess?
What is the "grey literature"?
What are examples of non-peer-reviewed sources?
How many coordinating lead authors does a chapter typically have?
How many lead authors are in a chapter?
How many "contributing authors" are in a chapter?
Who is responsible for assembling the contributions of the other authors?
Who does the coordinating lead authors report to?
What is the executive summary of the WG I Summary for Policymakers report certain that emissions resulting from human activities are?
What does the executive summary of the WG I Summary for Policymakers say is the result of human activities increasing the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases?
How much of the enhanced greenhouse effect is CO2 responsible for?
What scenario does the WG I Summary for Policymakers predict will increase global mean temperature by about 0.3 °C per decade during the 21st century?
How much has global mean surface air temperature increased over the last 100 years?
When did the 16 national science academies issue a joint statement on climate change?
How many academies issued a joint statement on climate change in 2001?
What was the name of the Australian Academy of Sciences' joint statement on climate change?
How certain is the TAR that temperatures will continue to rise?
How much is the average global surface temperature projected to increase by 2100?
Who has made a number of criticisms of the TAR?
What has Richard Lindzen said about the WGI Summary for Policymakers?
Who was a co-chair of TAR WGI?
Who was John Houghton?
What has Houghton stressed that any changes to the SPM must be supported by?
How does the preparation and approval process for all IPCC Special Reports differ?
In what year was the Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation finalized?
In what year was the Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation finalized?
Who requested the Special Report on Managing Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation?
What other activities does the IPCC support?
What does the IPCC publish?
What are the default emission factors based on?
Who makes resolutions and decisions for the IPCC?
What has the IPCC acknowledged is incorrect?
What did the IPCC express regret for?
Where was the date of 2035 correctly quoted by the IPCC?
What is the name of the ICSI report?
What was Robert Watson's position?
What did former IPCC chairman Robert Watson say the mistakes all appear to have gone in the direction of?
What was Martin Parry's previous position in the IPCC?
What did Martin Parry say became a clamour without substance?
What was the IPCC's response to the other alleged mistakes?
When was the "hockey stick graph" created?
Who wrote the "hockey stick graph"?
What was the graph based on the MBH99 called?
What reconstructions supported the MBH99 finding?
What temperatures did the studies show the warming period was exceptional in comparison to?
Who argued against the MBH99 graph?
Where did Fred Singer hold a press event in May 2000?
When did Singer argue against the MBH99 graph?
What hearing did Singer argue against the MBH99 graph?
Who was the chairman of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce in 2005?
Who was the Chairman of the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations in 2005?
When did Barton and Hughes write letters to demand full records on climate research?
Who was the chairman of the House Science Committee in 2005?
Who was the chairman of the House Science Committee in 2005?
When were the three proxy based temperature reconstructions highlighted in the Third Assessment Report?
When was the Fourth Assessment Report published?
How many reconstructions of the Medieval Warm Period covered 1,000 years or longer?
What problem affecting certain tree ring data was discussed in the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report?
How many reconstructions of the Medieval Warm Period covered 1,000 years or longer?
When was a study published suggesting that temperatures and sea levels have been rising at or above the maximum rates proposed during the last IPCC report?
What did a study suggest about sea levels and temperatures on the eve of the IPCC's report in 2001?
What did the IPCC's 2001 projections show about the temperature and sea level rise?
What did the study show about the sea level rise?
What did the IPCC study look at?
What are the values of sea levels projected by the IPCC in its Third Assessment Report?
How much higher would sea levels be in 2100 than they were in 1990?
When was the Third Assessment Report published?
Who was Michael Oppenheimer?
Who published Oppenheimer's State of the Planet 2008-2009?
What does Oppenheimer want instead of a large scale approach?
What was the global regulation for Ozone depletion based on?
What is the name of the environmental challenge that the Kyoto Protocol failed to deal with?
Who still follow different, if not opposing goals?
Who compared the ozone depletion case to global warming?
What remains an unsolved problem in the case of the IPCC conclusions and the Kyoto Protocol?
What was the stepwise mitigation of the ozone layer challenge based on successfully reducing?
Who ordered the Stern Review?
Who's independently documented results do the IPCC's work rely on?
What cannot be included in an IPCC report?
Who does not carry out its own research?
How many climate scientists wrote in February 2010 in response to controversies regarding claims in the Fourth Assessment Report?
Where did five climate scientists write in 2010 calling for changes to the IPCC?
What did the five climate scientists suggest to the IPCC in response to controversies regarding claims in the Fourth Assessment Report?
What did the five climate scientists suggest the IPCC do to avoid political interference?
What is the main function of chloroplasts?
What does chlorophyll capture from sunlight?
What does chlorophyll capture from sunlight?
What is the process in which chloroplasts make organic molecules from carbon dioxide called?
How many chloroplasts are in algae?
What do chloroplasts do to reproduce?
What is the behavior of chloroplasts strongly influenced by?
How do chloroplasts differ from mitochondria?
What is the ancestor of chloroplasts DNA?
How are chloroplasts made?
Where are chloroplasts only found?
What nationality was Konstantin Mereschkowski?
What was Konstantin Mereschkowski's profession?
When was the origin of chloroplasts first suggested?
Who observed that chloroplasts closely resembled cyanobacteria?
What bacteria are considered the ancestors of chloroplasts?
What type of algae are cyanobacteria?
What does gram-negative bacteria mean?
What type of cell wall does cyanobacteria have?
What are cyanobacteria sometimes called?
What type of cell did a free-living cyanobacterium enter around a billion years ago?
When did a free-living cyanobacterium enter an early eukaryotic cell?
What surrounds all chloroplasts?
What membrane from the host was probably lost?
What happened to the genes of the cyanobacterium when it was assimilated?
What does "plastid" mean?
How many chloroplast lineages are there?
What is another name for the rhodophyte chloroplast lineage?
What is the largest chloroplast lineage?
What is the one that contains land plants?
What is the alga Cyanophora?
What is one of the first organisms to contain a chloroplast?
What are muroplasts?
What do concentric unstacked thylakoids surround?
What type of structure does a carboxysome have?
What do rhodoplasts have for photosynthetic pigments?
What are phycobilin pigments organized into on the thylakoid membranes?
What is responsible for giving many red algae their distinctive red color?
What is the purpose of the red phycoerytherin pigment?
What do rhodoplasts synthesize?
What have green chloroplasts lost?
Why are some forms of Hmatococcus pluvialis not green?
What do chloroplasts lose between their double membrane?
What have the genes for the peptidoglycan layer been repurposed for?
What do green chloroplasts contain instead of phycobilisomes?
How many membranes do primary chloroplasts have from their cyanobacterial ancestor?
What do secondary chloroplasts have?
What is a secondary endosymbiotic event?
What are the two cyanobacterial membranes of a chloroplast?
What did the engulfed alga leave behind?
What do euglenophytes contain?
What type of protists are euglenophytes?
How are the pyrenoid and thylakoids in Euglenophyte chloroplasts?
What is stored in the form of paramylon?
What is thought to have been lost in euglenophyte chloroplasts?
What is another name for cryptophytes?
What do cryptophytes contain?
What do cryptophyte chloroplasts contain that superficially resembles that of the chlorarachniophytes?
Where is ordinary starch stored?
How many pyrenoid and thylakoids are inside cryptophyte chloroplasts?
What is another group of chromalveolates?
What are apicomplexans?
What is Plasmodium?
What do apicomplexans inherit from their ancestors?
Where do apicomplexans store their energy?
What do apicoplasts synthesize?
What is the apicoplast an attractive target for drugs to cure?
What is the most important apicoplast function?
What do apicoplasts lack?
How many membranes are in apicoplasts?
What pigment is not found in any other group of chloroplasts?
What is the most common dinophyte chloroplast?
What type of thylakoids do peridinin-type chloroplasts have?
What has the peridinin chloroplast lost?
What lineages lost their original red algal derived chloroplast?
What lineages lost their original red algal derived chloroplast?
How many membranes does the haptophyte chloroplast have?
What did tertiary endosymbiosis create?
What is the phycobilin-containing chloroplast taken from?
What has the chloroplast been stripped of?
What does Dinophysis have taken from a cryptophyte?
How many membranes are left in a cryptophyte's chloroplast?
What is another name for a diatom derived chloroplast?
What does Kryptoperidinium and Durinskia have?
How many membranes are in a diatom endosymbiont?
What does it mean to count the diatom endosymbiont as a chloroplast?
Where is the starch of a diatom endosymbiont found?
Where have all the nucleomorph genes been transferred?
What is the only dinophyte that has a chloroplast that's not from the rhodoplast lineage?
What did Lepidodinium viride lose?
What did Lepidodinium viride replace their peridinin chloroplast with?
What did Lepidodinium viride replace their peridinin chloroplast with?
What do most chloroplasts originate from?
How did Paulinella chromatophora acquire a photosynthetic cyanobacterial endosymbiont?
How many base pairs long is the DNA of a chromatophore?
How many protein encoding genes does the chromatophore DNA contain?
How many base pairs of Synechococcus genomes does Paulinella chromatophora contain?
What are the abbreviations for chloroplast DNA?
What is the DNA of chloroplasts also known as?
When was the existence of the plastome first proved?
When was the plastome first sequenced?
Who sequenced the chloroplast DNA of liverwort and tobacco?
What are highly conserved among land plants?
What do some chloroplast DNAs make of the inverted repeats?
What do inverted repeats help do?
How have scientists attempted to observe chloroplast DNA replication since the 1970s?
How many main models have been proposed for the mechanism for chloroplast DNA replication?
What does the D-loop adopt as it moves through circular DNA?
What is the theta intermediary form of the D-loop called?
How does the D-loop complete replication?
What type of gradients are present in cpDNA?
When does DNA become susceptible to deamination events?
What type of chromosome does most cpDNA replicate through homologous recombination?
How does cpDNA replicate?
How is the rest of the genetic material kept in chromosomes?
What is one of the competing models for cpDNA replication?
What type of cpDNA does one of the competing models for cpDNA replication assert that most cpDNA is?
What type of DNA is most likely to replicate via a D loop mechanism?
How does most cpDNA replicate?
What is the term for how we know about lost chloroplasts in many chromalveolate lineages?
What do genes donated to the former host's nucleus provide evidence for?
What do diatoms now have?
What was the ancestor of all chromalveolates?
What did a few chloroplast genes find new homes in the mitochondrial genome?
How many of the protein products of transferred genes aren't even targeted back to the chloroplast?
What new functions did exaptations take on?
To reach the chloroplast from the cytosol, you have to cross what?
Where is a chloroplast polypeptide synthesized?
Where is a chloroplast polypeptide synthesized?
What does phosphorylation do to chloroplast proteins?
What does phosphorylation do to the polypeptide?
What shape are chloroplasts in land plants?
How large are chloroplasts in land plants?
How thick are chloroplasts in land plants?
What can a chloroplast in an algae be shaped like?
Chlamydomonas have what shape of chloroplast?
What are the chloroplasts surrounded by?
What is the outer chloroplast membrane interpreted as?
What are both chloroplast membranes to the cyanobacterium's original double membranes?
What is the chloroplast double membrane often compared to?
What is the inner mitochondria membrane used for?
What is the purpose of the inner mitochondrial double membrane?
What is the only chloroplast structure that can be considered analogous to it?
What regulates metabolite passage and synthesizes some materials?
What are very rare in chloroplasts?
What is a stromule?
Why may stromules exist?
When were stromules first observed?
Where is the chloroplast peripheral reticulum found?
Where has the chloroplast peripheral reticulum been found?
What consists of a maze of membranous tubes and vesicles?
What is the purpose of the chloroplast peripheral reticulum?
The small vesicles sometimes observed may serve as transport vesicles to shuttle stuff between what?
What do chloroplasts use their own ribosomes for?
How large are cytoplasmic ribosomes?
How large are cytoplasmic ribosomes?
What do Chlorophyta and euglenid chloroplasts lack?
What is shine-dalgarno sequence recognition?
What is another name for plastoglobulus?
What are Plastoglobuli?
Plastoglobuli are spherical bubbles of what?
How large are plastoglobuli?
What are  Plastoglobuli surrounded by?
What are plastoglobuli permanently attached to?
What does a plastoglobulus exchange its contents with?
How do most plastoglobuli occur in normal green chloroplasts?
Where do plastoglobuli tend to occur in linked groups or chains?
Where are pyrenoids found?
What shape are pyrenoids?
What type of body are pyrenoids?
Pyrenoids are a site of what accumulation in plants?
How can pyrenoids be formed?
What model contains a stack of granal thylakoids that resemble pancakes?
What shape are the granal thylakoids in the helical thylakoid model?
How many thylakoids can a granum contain?
How many thylakoids are common in the helical thylakoid model?
What are wrapped around the grana in the helical thylakoid model?
What do chlorophyll and carotenoids absorb?
What do chlorophyll and carotenoids absorb?
What do the light-harvesting complexes use light energy to do?
What do molecules in the thylakoid membrane do?
What is ATP synthase similar to?
How many types of thylakoids are there?
What are granal thylakoids?
What do stromal thylakoids do?
What are granal thylakoids?
How large are granal thylakoids?
How many photosynthetic carotenoids are there?
What do carotenoids do?
What do carotenoids do?
What is -carotene?
What is the most common xanthophyll?
What are phycobilins?
What color are phycobilins found in algal?
What does phycoerytherin make red?
What do phycobilins organize into?
How large are phycobilins?
What do chloroplasts use to fix carbon dioxide into sugar molecules?
What is the problem with rubisco?
What does rubisco do when it has trouble distinguishing between carbon dioxide and oxygen?
What cycle uses rubisco?
What is wasted when rubisco adds oxygen to sugar precursors?
What are chloroplasts in mesophyll cells specialized for?
What do mesophyll cells lack?
What do mesophyll cells have to make ATP and NADPH?
What do mesophyll cells store CO2 in?
What is the job of bundle sheath chloroplasts?
What parts of a plant contain chloroplasts?
What make the photosynthetic parts of a plant green?
What are the plant cells that contain chloroplasts called?
Where can chloroplasts be found?
What is a chlorenchyma cell?
Where are chloroplasts found in some plants?
Where are chloroplasts found in most plants?
How many chloroplasts are in stomatal guard cells?
How many chloroplasts can one square millimeter of leaf tissue contain?
Where are chloroplasts mainly found in a leaf?
In what type of light do chloroplasts spread out in a sheet?
When will chloroplasts seek shelter by aligning in vertical columns along the plant cell's cell wall?
What do chloroplasts protect themselves from?
What is the reason land plants evolved to have many small chloroplasts instead of a few big ones?
What has been observed to follow chloroplasts as they move?
How many main immune responses do plants have?
What is the hypersensitive response?
What is the systemic acquired resistance response?
How do chloroplasts stimulate both immune responses?
Chloroplasts damage their photosynthetic system by producing what?
What molecules do chloroplasts produce to serve as defense-signals?
When do chloroplasts produce molecules that serve as defense-signals?
How do reactive oxygen species leave the chloroplast?
What is retrograde signaling?
What is the process by which light is transformed into chemical energy?
What is the process by which light is transformed into chemical energy?
What does the process of photosynthesis produce?
What two elements are used in photosynthesis?
What is used in photosynthesis?
What do chloroplasts use potential energy stored in an H+, or hydrogen ion gradient to do?
Where do the hydrogen ions in the thylakoid system go?
How many times more hydrogen ions are in the thylakoid system than in the stroma?
What does ATP synthase do with the energy from flowing hydrogen ions?
What does ATP synthase turn adenosine diphosphate into?
How are the reenergized electrons taken?
What is it called when more hydrogen ions are transported into the thylakoid space to generate more ATP?
Where is cyclic photophosphorylation common?
What does C4 plants need?
What cycle starts by using the enzyme Rubisco to fix CO2 into five-carbon Ribulose bisphosphate molecules?
What is the result of the Calvin cycle?
What do the six-carbon molecules break down into?
How many G3P molecules leave the Calvin cycle?
How can glucose monomers in the chloroplast make starch?
When can starch grains grow large in a plant?
What can happen to the granules in the chloroplast when CO2 is high?
What can cause starch buildup in a plant?
What might the starch grains in a plant be a side effect of?
What can Rubisco accidentally do?
When can photorespiration occur?
How does Rubisco reduce the efficiency of photosynthesis?
How much carbon does Rubisco waste?
What are chloroplasts in C4 plants notable for?
Where do chloroplasts make most of a plant cell's amino acids?
What sulfur-containing amino acids do chloroplasts not make in their stroma?
Why is Cysteine synthesized in the cytosol and mitochondria?
What is it unclear if methionine is made in the chloroplast?
What is a special type of a plant cell organelle called a plastid?
What are all chloroplasts in a plant descended from?
Where are proplastids commonly found?
What is more common than the development of chloroplasts in root tip meristems?
What happens if angiosperm shoots are not exposed to the required light for chloroplast formation?
What is an etioplast?
What does the inner membrane of an etioplast have?
What do etioplasts have stocked?
What does not require light to form chloroplasts?
What are pigment-filled plastids responsible for the bright colors seen in flowers and ripe fruit?
What are chromoplasts?
What are pigment-filled plastids responsible for the bright colors seen in flowers and ripe fruit?
What are pigment-filled plastids responsible for the bright colors seen in flowers and ripe fruit?
What can turn back into proplastids if a plant is injured?
What do the proteins FtsZ1 and FtsZ2 assemble into?
What is involved in the division process of FtsZ1 and FtsZ2?
What is formed within the chloroplast's stroma?
Where does the Z-ring form?
What manages the placement of the Z-ring?
What is another name for PD rings?
How many plastid-dividing rings form?
How large are the filaments in the outer plastid-dividing ring?
How many nanometers apart are the filaments in the outer plastid-dividing ring?
What is located in the chloroplast's intermembrane space?
What is a requirement for chloroplast division?
What type of light do chloroplasts require to complete division?
What type of chloroplasts are found in spinach leaves grown under green light?
Under what type of light can chloroplasts grow and progress through constriction stages?
Why are chloroplasts a valuable tool for the creation and cultivation of genetically modified plants?
What is the benefit of biologically contained plants?
What is the failed containment rate of transplastomic plants in tobacco plants?
What type of plants have a failed containment rate?
A prime number has no positive divisors other than 1 and what?
What is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a prime number called?
What establishes the central role of primes in number theory?
What can any integer greater than 1 be expressed as that is unique up to ordering?
Why does the uniqueness in this theorem require excluding 1 as a prime?
What is the property of being prime or not?
What is a method of verifying the primality of a given number called?
What is the fastest and most efficient method to test the primality of large numbers?
What is too slow to be practical to test the primality of large numbers?
What is the largest known prime number?
How many primes are there?
Who demonstrated that there are infinitely many primes?
What is the distribution of primes?
What is the name of the first result that shows that the probability that a given, randomly chosen number n is prime is inversely proportional to its number of digits?
When was the prime number theorem proven?
What is the name of the conjecture that every even integer greater than 2 can be expressed as the sum of two primes?
What is the conjecture that there are infinitely many pairs of primes whose difference is 2?
What aspect of number theory is primarily focused on analytic numbers?
What routine makes use of primes?
What is an example of a generalization that prime numbers give rise to?
The image at the right illustrates that what is not prime?
What are the three distinct divisors of n?
What term refers to any prime number greater than 2?
In the usual decimal system, all prime numbers larger than 5 end in 1, 3, 7, or what?
What are multiples of 2?
What did most Greeks not consider to be a number?
Who listed 1 as the first prime in his famous correspondence with Leonhard Euler?
Christian Goldbach listed 1 as the first prime number in his famous correspondence with whom?
How many primes was Derrick Norman Lehmer's list of?
By the early 20th century mathematicians began to accept that 1 is not a prime number, but rather forms what?
What would not hold when calling 1 a prime?
When would the sieve of Eratosthenes not work correctly?
What is the relationship of the number to the corresponding value of?
What is another name for Euler's totient function?
What would a modified version of the sieve of Eratosthenes produce as output?
Where are the Egyptian fraction expansions found?
Where do the earliest surviving records of the explicit study of prime numbers come from?
What contains important theorems about primes?
Who showed how to construct a perfect number from a Mersenne prime?
The Sieve of Eratosthenes is a simple method to do what?
When did Pierre de Fermat state his little theorem?
Along with Leibniz, who proved Fermat's little theorem?
What numbers did Fermat conjecture were prime?
What form did Marin Mersenne look at primes of?
How far did Pierre de Fermat verify that all numbers of the form 22n + 1 are prime?
What is the most basic method of checking the primality of a given integer?
When can the trial division routine be implemented more efficiently?
What is the minimum value of the integer m that is dividing n by?
How many divisions are necessary to check the primality of 37?
What is the square root of the integer m that is dividing n by?
How many classes can modern primality tests for general numbers n be divided into?
What is one of the two main classes of primality tests for general numbers n?
What is the other class of primality tests?
What is the other class of primality tests?
What is the probability that our number is composite if we repeat the test n times and pass every time?
What is a particularly simple example of a probabilistic test?
What does Fermat's little theorem say for any n if p is a prime number?
What satisfy the Fermat identity even though they are not prime?
What is a powerful extension of the Fermat primality test?
What is a powerful extension of the Fermat primality test?
Sophie Germain primes are primes of what form?
What is the form of Mersenne primes?
What is particularly fast for numbers of the form 2p  1?
What are prime numbers that are of the form 2p  1 called?
What are prime numbers that are of the form 2p  1 called?
How have some of the largest known primes been found?
When was the Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search project awarded a prize?
How much was the Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search project awarded in 2009?
Who offers $150,000 for primes with at least 100 million digits?
What is the name of the interval used to search for possible primes?
What is the largest integer not greater than the number in question?
Who first proved Bertrand's postulate?
What is Bertrand's postulate for?
What is Bertrand's postulate?
What is another formula based on?
What is a and q coprime?
What asserts that the progression contains infinitely many primes?
What is the density of all primes congruent a modulo 9?
How many primes do the rows with a = 3, 6, or 9 contain?
What does Dirichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions assert that the progression contains infinitely many prime numbers?
What is closely related to prime numbers?
What would (1) have if there were only finitely many primes?
What happens to the harmonic series 1 + 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/4 +...?
What does the harmonic series 1 + 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/4 +... diverge from?
What is another example of the richness of the zeta function and a glimpse of modern algebraic number theory?
When did the Riemann hypothesis begin?
What does the Riemann hypothesis state that all zeroes of the -function have real part equal to 1/2?
The Riemann hypothesis states that the irregularity in the distribution of primes only comes from what?
What kind of distribution of primes holds for much shorter intervals of length about the square root of x?
What kind of distribution of primes holds for much shorter intervals of length about the square root of x?
What asserts that every even integer n greater than 2 can be written as a sum of two primes?
In what year did Landau's problems become unsolved?
As of February 2011, Goldbach's conjecture has been verified for what numbers?
What asserts that every sufficiently large odd integer can be written as a sum of three primes?
What says that every sufficiently large even number can be expressed as the sum of a prime and a semiprime?
What is the term for pairs of primes with difference 2?
What is a twin prime conjecture?
What is a strengthening of the twin prime conjecture?
What form are there infinitely many primes of?
What says that there are always at least four primes between the squares of consecutive primes greater than 2?
What was seen as the canonical example of pure mathematics for a long time?
Who was the British mathematician?
When was it publicly announced that prime numbers could be used as the basis for the creation of public key cryptography algorithms?
Along with pseudorandom number generators, what are prime numbers used for?
What are prime numbers used for?
If p is a prime number other than 2 and 5, 1/p is always what?
If p is a prime number other than 2 and 5, 1/p is always a recurring decimal, whose period is what?
Wilson's theorem says that an integer p > 1 is prime if and only if what is divisible by p?
An integer n > 4 is composite if and only if what is divisible by n?
What is the condition for the fraction 1/p to be prime?
What public-key cryptography algorithm is based on large prime numbers?
What public-key cryptography algorithm is based on large prime numbers?
What type of primes are frequently used for RSA?
The Diffie-Hellman key exchange relies on the fact that there are efficient algorithms for what?
What type of primes are typical for Diffie-Hellman?
What insects make use of prime numbers?
How do cicadas spend most of their lives?
How many years do Magicicadas emerge from their burrows?
What is the logic for the use of prime number intervals between emergences?
How much higher would the average predator populations be if cicadas appeared at a non-prime number interval every 12 years?
What does the word "prime" mean?
What is the prime field of a field containing both 0 and 1?
How can any knot be uniquely expressed?
What is the meaning of the word prime?
Why is a prime knot indecomposable?
In what algebraic structure are addition, subtraction and multiplication defined?
Along with irreducible elements, what is a general concept that applies to elements of any commutative ring R?
Along with prime elements, what is a general concept that applies to elements of any commutative ring R?
What is an element p of R called prime element if?
What is an element irreducible if it is not a unit?
What continues to hold in unique factorization domains?
What is an example of a unique factorization domain?
What is the form of the Gaussian integers Z[i]?
The fundamental theorem of arithmetic continues to hold in unique factorization domains where a and b are what?
What is the form of Rational primes?
In what theory is the notion of number replaced with that of ideal?
What generalizes prime elements in the sense that the principal ideal generated by a prime element is a prime ideal?
Prime ideals are an important tool and object of study in commutative algebra, what algebraic theory, and algebraic geometry?
What generalizes to the Lasker-Noether theorem?
The Lasker-Noether theorem expresses every ideal in what?
What are the points of algebro-geometric objects?
What does factorization or ramification of prime ideals when lifted to an extension field bear some resemblance with?
Where can prime ideals be used in proving quadratic reciprocity?
What is quadratic reciprocity?
What happens when a number is multiplied by p?
What may some arithmetic questions related to Q be transferred to?
What yields the field of real numbers?
What underlines the importance of primes to number theory?
Who used prime numbers to create ametrical music?
What was the name of Olivier Messiaen's 1935 work?
What is the name of Messiaen's work that uses motifs with lengths given by different prime numbers?
Where do the primes 41, 43, 47, and 53 appear in Olivier Messiaen's work "Neumes rythmiques"?
What was Messiaen's way of composing inspired by?
Where does the Rhine begin?
Where does the Rhine empties into in the Netherlands?
What is the biggest city on the Rhine?
What is the longest river in Central and Western Europe?
How long is the Rhine?
Where is the Rhine located?
Where does the Rhine empties into the North Sea?
How long is the Rhine?
What are the variant forms of the name of the Rhine in modern languages derived from?
What name is derived from the Gaulish name Rnos?
What is the Proto-Germanic adoption of the Gaulish name as?
When did the Romans adopt the name Rnos?
What are the variant forms of the name of the Rhine in modern languages derived from?
What name is derived from the Gaulish name Rnos?
What Dutch name was formerly spelled Rhijn?
What is the Proto-Germanic adoption of the Gaulish name as?
What was Dutch Rijn formerly spelled?
How is the length of the Rhine measured?
When was the "Rhine-kilometers" scale introduced?
Where does the Rheinkilometer scale run from?
What is the final destination of the Rheinkilometer scale?
Why is the Rhine significantly shortened from its natural course?
How is the length of the Rhine measured?
When was the "Rhine-kilometers" scale introduced?
Where does the Rheinkilometer scale run from?
Why is the Rhine significantly shortened from its natural course?
What is the final destination of the Rheinkilometer scale?
What direction does the Rhine turn near Chur?
How long is the section of the Rhine near Chur?
What is the name of the glacial alpine valley where the Alpine Rhine flows?
What is the name of the natural dam that prevents the Rhine from flowing into the Seeztal valley?
The Alpine Rhine forms the border between Switzerland to the West and what country to the East?
Where does the Rhine make a distinctive turn to the north?
How long is the section of the Rhine near Chur?
What is the height of the Rhine?
What is the name of the glacial alpine valley where the Alpine Rhine flows?
The Alpine Rhine forms the border between Liechtenstein to the West and Austria to the East.
What lake is the mouth of the Rhine into?
What is the name of the western section of the Rhine delta?
What is in the East of the delta?
What is the local Alemannic dialect's singular pronounced?
What does Esel mean?
What lake is the mouth of the Rhine into?
What is in the East of the delta?
What is the name of the western section of the Rhine delta?
What did the Rhine form by precipitating sediments?
What is the local Alemannic dialect's singular pronounced?
Where was the upper canal of the Rhine located?
What was the name of the lower canal in the regulation of the Rhine?
What did the regulation of the Rhine counteract?
How does the Dornbirner Ach flow into the lake?
What is expected to happen to Lake Tuggenersee due to the continuous input of sediment into the lake?
What was the name of the lower canal in the regulation of the Rhine?
What did the regulation of the Rhine do to the western Rhine Delta?
Where was the upper canal of the Rhine located?
What canal had to be diverted in order to avoid flooding?
What is expected to silt up the lake?
How many bodies of water are in Lake Constance?
What does the abbreviation Untersee mean?
What does Seerhein mean?
The Rhine flows into Lake Constance from the south following what border?
What does the Obersee mean?
How many bodies of water are in Lake Constance?
Along with Germany and Switzerland, where is Lake Constance located?
Where is Lake Constance located in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria?
What is the coordinates of Lake Constance?
What is the German state of Bavaria?
Why does the Rhine water fall into the depths?
Where is a small fraction of the Rhine water diverted from Mainau?
What is the name of the area where the Rhine water abruptly falls into the depths?
How long is the flow of the Rhine water clearly visible?
What is the name of the island off which the Rhine water reappears on the surface?
What is the name of the area where the Rhine water abruptly falls into the depths?
What is the name of the island off which the Rhine water reappears on the surface?
Where is a small fraction of the Rhine water diverted from Mainau?
What is another name for the Rheinrinne?
What determines the flow of the Rhine water in Lake Überlingen?
How does the Rhine flow from Lake Constance?
What is the major tributary of the Rhine?
How much water discharge does the Aare provide?
What is the highest point in the Rhine basin?
The Rhine forms the German-Swiss border from Lake Constance except for parts of Zürich and what other canton?
How does the Rhine flow from Lake Constance?
What is the name of the major tributary of the Rhine?
How much water discharge does the Aare provide at the Dutch border?
What is the highest point in the Rhine basin?
What country borders the Rhine from Lake Constance?
What is the first major city in the course of the Rhine?
What is the name of the major bend in Basel?
What is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine?
How long is the Upper Rhine Plain?
How wide is the Upper Rhine Plain?
What is the first major city in the course of the Rhine?
What is the name of the major bend in Basel?
What direction does the Rhine change to at the "Rhine knee"?
What river ends at the "Rhine knee"?
What is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine?
When did the Rhine straightening program begin?
What happened to the flow of the Rhine in the 19th century?
What happened to the ground water level after the Rhine straightening program?
What was dug on the French side of the Rhine?
What is the Bassin de compensation de Plobsheim?
What region was changed significantly by a Rhine straightening program in the 19th century?
When did the Rhine straightening program begin?
What happened to the flow of the Rhine in the 19th century?
What happened to the ground water level after the Rhine straightening program?
What was dug on the French side of the Rhine?
The Rhine is the longest river in what country?
What is the average discharge of the Rhine?
What is the longest river in Germany?
What is one of the main tributaries of the Rhine?
What is the average width of the Rhine?
The Rhine is the longest river in what country?
The Rhine is the longest river in what country?
What is one of the main tributaries of the Rhine?
Which country drains to the Rhine via the Moselle?
What is the annual mean discharge of the Rhine?
What river flows between Bingen and Bonn?
What formation was created by erosion?
What caused the formation of the Rhine Gorge?
What is the Rhine Gorge known as?
What river flows between Bingen and Bonn?
What formation was created by erosion?
Along with vineyards, what is the Rhine Gorge known for?
What is the Rhine Gorge known as?
What can be found along the Rhine up into Switzerland?
What city is the home of Europe's largest inland port?
What is the name of the river that joins the Rhine in Duisburg?
What does the Ruhr provide to the region?
What country does the Rhine extend to?
What was industry a major source of water until the early 1980s?
Which river is the largest source of water pollution in the Ruhr area?
What country does the Rhine extend to?
What city is the home of Europe's largest inland port?
What is the name of the river that joins the Rhine in Duisburg?
Along with viniculture, what is the dominant economic sector in the Middle Rhine area?
The Rhine Gorge is located between Koblenz and what other city?
What famous rock is near Sankt Goarshausen?
What is the epitome of the Rhine romanticism?
Along with viniculture, what is the dominant economic sector in the Middle Rhine area?
What is the Rhine Gorge listed as?
The Rhine Gorge is located between Koblenz and what other city?
What famous rock is near Sankt Goarshausen?
Where is the famous rock Lorelei located?
What is the largest river port in Europe?
What is the name of the shipping route that runs parallel to the Lippe?
The Wesel-Datteln Canal runs parallel to what river?
What is the longest suspension bridge in Germany?
How wide is the Emmerich Rhine Bridge?
What river flows through North Rhine-Westphalia?
What is the largest conurbation in Germany?
What is the largest river port in Europe?
What is the longest suspension bridge in Germany?
How wide is the Emmerich Rhine Bridge?
Which river merges with the Rhine in the North Sea?
What Dutch name no longer coincides with the main flow of water?
How much of the Rhine flows west?
In what direction does the Rhine flow?
Where does the Rhine flow through?
Which river merges with the Rhine in the North Sea?
What branch of the Rhine flows to the North Sea?
Where does a third of the water flow through?
Along with the IJssel, where does a third of the water flow through the Pannerdens Kanaal?
What does the Nederrijn become at Wijk bij Duurstede?
What river does the Lek rejoin?
Where does a third of the water flow through?
Along with the IJssel, where does a third of the water flow through the Pannerdens Kanaal?
How much of the Rhine's flow does the IJssel branch carry?
What does the Nederrijn become at Wijk bij Duurstede?
Where does the Nederrijn change its name and become the Lek?
What is the name of the smaller streams that formed the main river Rhine in Roman times?
What are the smaller streams that no longer carry water from the Rhine used for?
What is the old north branch of the Rhine called from Wijk bij Duurstede?
What does Kromme Rijn mean?
What does Oude Rijn mean?
What is the most important natural region of the Netherlands?
Where does the Rhine-Meuse Delta begin?
What is the most important natural region of the Netherlands?
Where does Pannerdens Kanaal change its name?
How many main flows carry significant amounts of water?
What is the first bifurcation of the Rhine?
What does Oude Maas mean?
What does Het Scheur mean?
What was the name of the flood that caused the Meuse to flow to the North Sea?
When was the St. Elizabeth's flood?
What line did the Meuse flow south of before the St. Elizabeth's flood?
When did the Meuse and Waal merge at Gorinchem?
What did the Meuse form with Waal and Lek?
Many rivers have beendammed and now serve as what for the numerous polders?
What changed the Delta in the second half of the 20th Century?
What is another term for rivers that have been closed?
When did the construction of Delta Works change the Delta fundamentally?
What type of delta is the Rhine-Meuse Delta?
What is the Rhine-Meuse Delta shaped by?
What could strong tidal currents do to the Rhine-Meuse Delta?
Where is the most landward tidal influence detected?
The present Mediterranean Sea descends from what ocean?
When did the plates begin to compress the Tethys floor?
What were the individual features of the microplates that were caught in the squeeze and pushed laterally generating?
In what era was the Tethys Ocean opened?
What pushed up the Pyrenees?
What rift system developed in the Alps during the Eocene?
What is the main element of the N-S rift system?
When did a river system develop in the Upper Rhine Graben?
Along with the Rhone, what river drained the northern flanks of the Alps?
How did the Rhine extend its watershed southward?
When did the Rhine capture streams down to the Vosges Mountains?
The Rhine captured streams down to what mountain range by the Pliocene period?
What geological period occurred around 2.5 million years ago?
How many major Ice Ages have occurred since 600,000 years ago?
How much did the sea level drop during the Ice Ages?
In the Early Pleistocene, the Rhine followed a course to what direction through the present North Sea?
Where was the Rhine's mouth located during glacial times?
How long was the last glacial?
When did the Pleistocene end?
In what part of Europe did the Pleistocene see two very cold phases?
How much lower was the sea level in the North Sea during the last glacial?
Where did the lower Rhine flow through during the Pleistocene?
What was the source of the Rhine's current course during the last Ice Age?
What was the name of the area that stretched across middle Europe during the Last Glacial Maximum?
When was the Last Glacial Maximum?
What covered Scandinavia, the Baltics, Scotland and the Alps during the Last Glacial Maximum?
What wind-blown dust settled in and around the Rhine Valley?
When did northwest Europe begin to warm up?
What did frozen subsoil and expanded alpine glaciers do as northwest Europe began to warm up?
Where was much of the discharge routed to?
When did rapid warming and changes of vegetation begin?
By what year was Europe fully forested?
When did a situation with tides and currents, very similar to present exist?
What has dropped so far that natural sedimentation by the Rhine and coastal processes could compensate the transgression by the sea?
In what time period was the coast line roughly at the same location?
What is the cause of the rising of the sea level in the southern North Sea?
What is the rate at which the sea level is rising in the southern North Sea?
When was the beginning of the Holocene?
When did the formation of the Holocene Rhine-Meuse delta begin?
What valley did the Rhine occupy at the beginning of the Holocene?
Where did the formation of the Holocene Rhine-Meuse delta begin?
Since when has human impact been seen in the delta?
What has the increase in the sediment load of the Rhine caused?
What has increased in the Rhine as a result of increasing land clearance?
When did the embankment of the major distributaries and damming of minor distributaries take place?
How many avulsions have occurred over the past 6000 years?
Where do the branches Waal and Nederrijn-Lek discharge to?
What is the former name of the estuary through which the branches of Waal and Nederrijn-Lek discharge to the North Sea?
What was formerly the Zuider Zee brackish lagoon?
What type of lake has the IJsselmeer been since 1932?
How many branches does the Rhine have?
When did the Rhine enter the historical period?
The Rhine formed the boundary between Gaul and what other country?
When was the Upper Rhine part of the late Hallstatt culture?
Who wrote that the Rhine formed the boundary between Gallia and Germania?
When did Augustus die?
Rome accepted the water-boundary of the Rhine and what other river as her Germanic frontier?
What happened to the northern part of the Roman frontier?
Where had Roman subjects from Alsace-Lorraine drifted across the river?
What part of the frontier was different from the northern part?
How many legions did the Romans keep in five bases along the Rhine?
What army had two legions at Vetera?
What was the name of the town of the Ubii?
What did the number of legions present at any base depend on?
What did oppidum Ubiorum mean?
When did the Germanic tribes establish the kingdoms of Francia on the Lower Rhine?
What did the Germanic tribes establish on the Lower Rhine?
What does Siebengebirge mean?
Who killed a dragon on the Drachenfels?
Who thrown Kriemhild's golden treasure into the Rhine?
When was the Rhine within the borders of Francia?
When was the Rhine fully within the Holy Roman Empire?
What part of Lorraine was part of the Holy Roman Empire in the 10th century?
Who sold the Upper Rhine to Burgundy?
When was Alsace sold to Burgundy?
When did the Upper Rhine form a contentious border between France and Germany?
What was a long-term goal of French foreign policy?
Which French leader tried to annex lands west of the Rhine?
When was the Confederation of the Rhine established?
When did the Rhine crisis occur?
When was the Rhineland subject to the Treaty of Versailles?
When was the Rhineland occupied by the Treaty of Versailles?
Who was forbidden to enter the demilitarised zone?
What did the Treaty of Versailles help?
When did the German army re-occupy the Rhineland?
Where was the Rhine bridge immortalized in the book, A Bridge Too Far and the film?
What was the Rhine recognized as to the Western Allies in World War II?
When did Operation Market Garden fail?
What was the name of the bridge that crossed the Rhine at Remagen?
What was a Warsaw Pact plan for an invasion of Western Europe during the Cold War?
What was the generally accepted length of the Rhine until 1932?
What German encyclopedia stated the length of the Rhine as 1,320 kilometres?
What did the German encyclopedia Knaurs Lexikon believe was the reason for the generally accepted length of the Rhine?
What was the generally accepted length of the Rhine in 1932?
When was the error discovered?
When did the Scottish electorate vote for devolution?
What set out the powers of the Scottish Parliament as a devolved legislature?
What does the Scotland Act delineate the legislative competence of the Parliament?
Who has the power to make laws in Scotland?
Who has the power to legislate in all areas that are not explicitly reserved to?
What remained an important element in Scottish national identity?
How many years was Scotland governed by the Parliament of Great Britain and the Parliament of the United Kingdom?
Why were suggestions for a devolved Parliament shelved?
When did nationalism rise in Scotland?
What did Kilbrandon recommend in 1973?
In what sea was oil discovered?
What campaign did the Scottish National Party use to support Scottish independence?
When did Prime Minister Wilson commit his government to some form of devolved legislature?
What did the SNP argue about the revenues from oil in the North Sea?
When were final legislative proposals for a Scottish Assembly passed by the United Kingdom Parliament?
Where was an elected assembly set up under the terms of the Scotland Act 1978?
What percentage of the Scottish electorate voted for an elected assembly in 1979?
What percentage of the Scottish electorate voted for a devolved Scottish Assembly in 1979?
What happened to the 1979 Scottish devolution referendum to establish a devolved Scottish Assembly?
What percentage of the Scottish electorate did not vote in 1979?
In the 1980s and 1990s, demand for what grew?
Who controlled the government of the United Kingdom in the 1980s and 1990s?
When did the Campaign for a Scottish Assembly lead to the Scottish Constitutional Convention?
What did the Convention publish in 1995?
What is the official home of the Scottish Parliament?
Who designed the Scottish Parliament Building?
What nationality was Enric Miralles?
What type of buildings are in the new Scottish Parliament Building?
Who opened the new Scottish Parliament Building?
What was the General Assembly Hall vacated twice for?
What was the Parliament's temporary home?
Where was the General Assembly Hall of the Church of Scotland located?
Where was the Parliament relocated in May 2002?
Where was the Parliament relocated in May 2000?
Who rented the buildings for the Parliament?
What was the former administrative building of the MSP's offices?
What happened to the former administrative building of Lothian Regional Council in 2004?
What are the former Midlothian County Buildings facing?
What hall was used as the Parliament's principal committee room?
How many MSPs are elected to serve as Presiding Officer?
Who is the current speaker of the Scottish Parliament?
How are the Presiding Officer and deputies elected?
How many MSPs are there?
Who operates the electronic voting equipment and chamber clocks?
Who is responsible for ensuring that the Scottish Parliament functions effectively?
What is the name of the body that allocates time and sets the work agenda in the chamber?
How many seats does the Parliamentary Bureau have?
Who represents the Scottish Parliament at home and abroad in an official capacity?
What is the debating chamber of the Scottish Parliament arranged in?
What is the purpose of the hemicycle seating in the debating chamber of the Scottish Parliament?
How many seats are in the debating chamber?
How many seats are occupied by the Parliament's elected MSPs?
What can the Law Officers not do?
Where is the gold on the parliamentary mace panned from?
What is the parliamentary mace made from?
Who presented the parliamentary mace to the Scottish Parliament?
What words are inscribed on the parliamentary mace?
How is the parliamentary mace displayed?
When does Parliament have two-week recess?
Where do plenary meetings take place?
Who can attend chamber debates and committee meetings?
How much does it cost to attend a plenary meeting?
What is the name of the textual record of parliamentary debates?
On what day does Time for Reflection take place?
How long does Time for Reflection last?
Who determines invitations to address Parliament?
What are Speakers chosen to represent?
Faith groups can make direct representations to the Presiding Officer to do what?
Who decides who speaks in chamber debates?
What does the Presiding Officer decide?
What does the Presiding Officer try to achieve a balance between?
Who usually opens debates?
Along with Scots and Scots, what other language may members of the chamber use?
When do MSPs decide on motions and amendments that have been moved?
What is the name of the time when MSPs decide on motions and amendments?
What do MSPs do when they are not in the chamber?
How do members vote at Decision Time?
What is the outcome of each division known in?
What do political parties usually instruct members which way to vote?
What usually instructs members which way to vote?
What are MSPs called?
Free votes allow Members to vote as they please on what issues?
What can Errant members do?
When is a "Members Debate" held?
Is the MSP a Scottish minister or not?
How long does the Members Debate last?
Who contributes to the debate?
What does the relevant minister do in a debate?
What is much of the work of the Scottish Parliament done in?
Is the role of committees stronger or weaker in the Scottish Parliament?
Why are committees stronger in the Scottish Parliament than other parliamentary systems?
What is the role of committees in the Scottish Parliament?
Where can committees meet?
Who makes up the committees?
What does the membership of the committees reflect?
What do different committees have?
What type of committees are set down under the Scottish Parliament's standing orders?
When are the Mandatory Committees in the Scottish Parliament?
When are Subject Committees established?
How many departments does each committee correspond with?
What subject committees are in the fourth Session?
When are the Subject Committees established?
What is set up to scrutinise private bills submitted to the Scottish Parliament by an outside party?
Infrastructure projects that require the use of land or property are examples of what type of private bills?
Who is an outside party that is not a member of the Scottish Parliament?
What type of committee is set up to scrutinise private bills submitted to the Scottish Parliament by an outside party?
What governs the functions and role of the Scottish Parliament?
Who gave assent to the Scotland Act?
What does the Scotland Act 2012 extend?
Who continues to constitute the supreme legislature of Scotland?
The Scotland Act 1998 governs the functions and role of what body?
What is the name of the Schedule to the Scotland Act?
Who has the ability to alter income tax in Scotland by up to 3 pence in the pound?
What happens to matters that are not specifically reserved?
How much can the Scottish Parliament alter income tax in Scotland?
What act conferred further fiscal devolution?
What type of matters are outside the legislative competence of the Scottish Parliament?
Who is unable to legislate on issues that are reserved to Westminster?
Where is the Scottish Parliament unable to legislate on issues that are outside the legislative competence of the Scottish Parliament?
Who handles Ministerial functions at Westminster?
What can be introduced to Parliament in a number of ways?
Who can introduce new laws or amendments to existing laws as a bill?
How can a member of the Scottish Parliament introduce a bill?
Who can submit a private bill to Parliament?
How do bills pass through Parliament?
What is the first stage of a bill called?
Explanatory Notes, a Policy Memorandum and a Financial Memorandum are examples of what?
Statements from the Presiding Officer and the member in charge of the bill are lodged indicating what?
Where does Stage 1 take place?
What is the second stage of a bill if Parliament agrees to the general principles of the bill?
What is the final stage of a bill?
How many parts does Stage 3 have?
What stage of a bill is considered at a meeting of the whole Parliament?
What type of amendments can Opposition members table to cause the bill to fall without a final vote?
At what time do members vote on whether they agree to the general principles of the final bill?
Who does the Presiding Officer submit the bill to for royal assent?
What does the Presiding Officer submit a bill to the Monarch for?
How long does it take for a bill to become an Act of the Scottish Parliament?
Where can a bill be referred for a ruling on whether it is within the powers of the Scottish Parliament?
What is the date that the bill for the Act of the Scottish Parliament was passed?
What does a party form the Scottish Government?
Who can put their name forward to be First Minister?
What does Parliament elect from a number of candidates at the beginning of each parliamentary term?
Most ministers and their juniors are drawn from amongst whom?
Who makes the formal appointment or dismissal of ministers?
What is the first day of the month for ordinary general elections?
When are ordinary general elections held in Scotland?
Who can vary the date of the poll?
What happens if an ordinary general election is held less than six months before the due date of the election?
How many days after a General Election does the Parliament fail to nominate a member to be First Minister?
What allows the Scottish Parliament to scrutinise the Government?
Who is invited to question the First Minister?
What does the First Minister deliver to the chamber at the beginning of each parliamentary year?
What do the leaders of the opposition parties and other MSPs question the First Minister on?
What is set aside for question periods in the debating chamber?
On what day does General Question Time take place?
Who can members direct questions to during General Question Time?
What does First Minister's Question Time allow members to ask?
How many general questions are available to opposition leaders?
How many of the 129 MSPs are elected to represent first past the post constituencies?
When did the number of Scottish MPs decrease?
How many members do voters choose to represent the constituency?
Why are the islands of Orkney, Shetland and the Western Isles a much smaller number of electors?
How many electors are in the average Scottish Parliament constituency?
How are the total number of seats in Parliament allocated to parties?
What method is used to determine who is awarded the first list seat?
What is the highest number of seats awarded?
What is added to the number of seats the party won in the region?
How is the d'Hondt method repeated?
What applies to being an MSP?
When was the British Nationality Act passed?
How old must a member of the House of Commons be to be an MSP?
What two groups are disqualified from sitting in the Scottish Parliament as elected MSPs?
What act states that an individual may not sit in the Scottish Parliament if he or she is judged to be insane?
What is the first time a party has commanded a majority in the Scottish Parliament?
Which party did the SNP take 16 seats from?
How many votes did Iain Gray retain East Lothian?
How many seats did the SNP take from the Liberal Democrats?
What referendum did the SNP have enough support to hold?
Who was disappointed by the loss of Edinburgh Pentlands to the SNP?
What was the seat of David McLetchie?
How many seats did the Conservatives lose?
Who announced that she would step down as leader of the Conservatives?
Who vowed to campaign for the Union in the independence referendum?
What is a procedural consequence of the establishment of the Scottish Parliament?
English, Scottish, Welsh and Northern Irish Westminster MPs are unable to vote on what?
What is the phenomenon in which Scottish MPs are unable to vote on domestic legislation?
Who won the 2015 UK election?
Along with Wales and Northern Ireland, what country does the House of Commons allow Scottish MPs to vote on domestic legislation?
What is Political Islam?
Political Islam seeks to implement Islamic values in what?
What does Islamism favor of government and society in accordance with the Shari'a?
What are the different Islamist movements oscillating between?
What is the strategy of Islamization of society seized by?
What type of process does the Ennahda Movement work within?
Where is Hamas located?
Hezbollah in Lebanon and Hamas in Palestine participate in armed attacks to do what?
Al-Qaeda and the Egyptian Islamic Jihad reject what?
What type of basis do attacks in Pakistan take?
What does Graham E. Fuller describe as the fundamentalist "guardians of the tradition"?
What did Olivier Roy say underwent a remarkable shift in the second half of the 20th century?
What was the emphasis of the Salafi movement?
What is Islamism increasingly interdependent with in much of the Arab Muslim world?
Why do Islamists need democratic elections?
What kind of role does Islamism posit?
What ism is a controversial concept?
Who believe their views merely reflect Islam?
What does the failure to distinguish between Islam and Islamism lead many in the West to support?
What do progressive moderates seek to separate?
What are those who want to live by Islam's principles not?
Who created the concept of 'political Islam'?
What does the International Crisis Group say about apolitical Islam?
When was the heyday of Arab nationalism?
What type of Islam is quietist?
What were Islamist groups later seen as?
When did Western and pro-Western governments support Islamists?
What did the veterans of the war have?
Who were the enemies of the Soviet Union?
What were Islamists considered to be opposing?
What did the veterans of the war have?
Who was the president of Egypt in 1975?
What did Anwar Sadat make with Israel?
What did Anwar Sadat offer to exiles?
When did the gentleman's agreement between Sadat and Islamists break down?
What happened to Anwar Sadat?
What type of interpretation of Islam was Wahhabism?
What did Salafism say Muslims should do to infidels?
What did Salafism say democracy is responsible for in the 20th century?
What did Salafism say Muslims should always oppose?
What country's Wahhabism is based in?
What type of movement is the Muslim Brotherhood?
What types of governments are the Muslim Brotherhood compared to?
What type of assistance does the Muslim Brotherhood provide to students from out of town?
What type of government is neglectful or incompetent?
What is the purpose of inexpensive mass marriage ceremonies?
What subjects did Iqbal study in England and Germany?
What was Iqbal's London branch of?
Who was Iqbal a critic of?
When did Iqbal return to Lahore?
What was the name of Iqbal's book?
What did Iqbal fear would weaken the spiritual foundations of Islam and Muslim society?
What did Iqbal fear would happen to India's Hindu-majority population?
What did Iqbal call for the shedding of?
When was Sir Muhammad Iqbal elected president of the Muslim League?
What movement did Iqbal's Allahabad Address inspire?
Who was an important early twentieth century figure in the Islamic revival in India?
What profession did Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi choose?
When was the Jamaat-e-Islami party founded?
How did Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi have more impact than his political organising?
How did Maududi's books place Islam?
Who was an important early twentieth century figure in the Islamic revival in India?
What profession did Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi choose?
How did Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi have more impact than his political organising?
What did Maududi's books place Islam in?
What did Maududi believe Muslim society could not be Islamic without?
What did Maududi believe Islam required the establishment of?
What does tawhid mean?
How did Maududi describe Islamic revolution?
What did Maududi believe changed the hearts and minds of individuals from the top of society downward?
When was the Muslim Brotherhood founded?
Where was the Muslim Brotherhood founded?
Who founded the Muslim Brotherhood?
What was the motto of the Muslim Brotherhood?
What type of influence did Al Banna want to eliminate in the Muslim world?
What did some elements of the Brotherhood engage in against the government?
When was Al-Banna assassinated?
Who was assassinated in 1949?
When was the Brotherhood banned in Egypt?
Who was the president of Egypt in 1948?
What has the Brotherhood become despite periodic repression?
How many seats did the Islamist parties win in the 2011-2012 parliamentary election?
What was the Brotherhood described as for many years?
What was the Brotherhood able to do during elections?
Who was the first democratically elected president of Egypt?
How did Israeli troops defeat the Arabs during the Six-Day War?
What did the quick and decisive defeat of Arab troops by Israeli troops constitute in the Arab Muslim world?
What type of stagnation was blamed on the secular Arab nationalism of the ruling regimes?
What happened to the popularity and credibility of secular, socialist and nationalist politics after the Six-Day War?
What movement was inspired by Maududi and Sayyid Qutb?
What type of father was Mohammad Iqbal?
Who was the ideological father of the State of Pakistan?
Where were Khomeini's beliefs compared to Sunni Islamic thinkers like Mawdudi and Qutb?
Who did Ali Shariati believe was essential to Islam?
What was the "plundering" of Muslim lands part of?
What type of Republic has maintained its hold on power in Iran?
What type of groups has the Islamic Republic created or assisted in Iraq, Egypt, Syria, Jordan, and Lebanon?
What kind of sanctions have the US imposed on Iran?
When did the Iranian government enjoy a resurgence in popularity amongst the predominantly Sunni "Arab street"?
Who called for Israel to vanish?
Who deployed its 40th Army into Afghanistan in 1979?
What did the Soviet Union try to suppress in Afghanistan?
What did Muslims do during the Afghan Civil War?
What was the military effectiveness of the Afghan Arabs?
How many Muslim volunteers came from around the world to fight in Afghanistan?
What did the Gulf War do?
Who occupied Kuwait in the Gulf War?
What movement was radicalized by the Gulf War?
Where did the Gulf War bring US and allied non-Muslim military personnel to stop Saddam Hussein's occupation of Kuwait?
Who did Islamists accuse the Saudi regime of being a puppet of?
Who did the attacks on Osama bin Laden resonate with?
Who did Saudi Arabia try to repress?
Where were American troops stationed when Saddam was defeated?
What country had a bloody civil war?
Whose terror attacks climaxed in the 9/11 attack?
Whose ideas became more radical during his imprisonment?
When was Qutb executed?
What group did Hasan al-Hudaybi lead?
What movements were inspired by Qutb's writings?
When did the Brotherhood renounce violence as a means of achieving its goals?
Who was responsible for the assassination of Anwar Sadat?
When was Anwar Sadat assassinated?
What type of leaders did the Islamic Jihad believe were responsible for the assassination of Anwar Sadat?
What did the Islamic Jihad believe the apostate leaders of Muslim states did?
Who wrote a pamphlet about the Islamic Jihad?
What did al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya use in their struggle for Islamic order?
What Egyptian group used violence in their struggle for Islamic order?
When did Jamaa Islamiya renounce violence?
What was the result of the campaign to overthrow the Egyptian government?
Who did the Islamic Liberation Party attempt to assassinate?
What was the name of the Muslim Brotherhood's stance towards Israel prior to the First Palestine Intifada?
What did the Muslim Brotherhood form in 1987?
What did the Hamas charter call for?
What did the Muslim Brotherhood antipathy towards Israel include?
Where was the first Muslim Brotherhood in 1987?
Who has continued to be a major player in Palestine?
How many people were killed by Hamas from 2000 to 2007?
How many seats did Hamas win in the 2006 legislative election?
In what year did Hamas kill 542 people in suicide bombings?
What has Hamas been praised for?
What type of regime did Hassan al-Turabi lead?
Who was the leader of the Sudanese Islamic Front?
What was Hassan al-Turabi's name?
How did Hassan al-Turabi build a powerful economic base?
Where did Hassan al-Turabi place loyalist students?
When was al-Nimeiry overthrown?
How was the NIF able to overthrow the post-al-Nimeiry government?
What was Turabi's law?
Who did the NIF harbor for a time before 9/11?
What did the NIF work to unify Islamist opposition to in the 1991 Gulf War?
What did the FIS do to alleviate the high rate of unemployment among young Algerian men?
When was the FIS founded?
Where was the FIS based?
What is another name for the Islamic Salvation Front?
What caused the FIS to cancel voting in 1991?
What did the victory against the Soviet Union not lead to in Afghanistan?
How was the civil war between political and tribal warlords in Afghanistan?
When was the Islamic State of Afghanistan founded?
What did Afghanistan's civil war make it?
How much of Afghanistan did the Taliban take over in 1996?
What was spawned by the Deobandi movement?
Where was the Deobandi movement supported by governmental and religious groups?
What is another term for Islamic fundamentalist?
What was the Taliban's name?
Who was the guest of the Taliban?
When did Zia-ul-Haq overthrow Bhutto's regime in Pakistan?
What did Ali Bhutto ban?
What was Zia-ul-Haq's official state ideology?
What did Zia-ul-Haq use Islamization to legitimize?
When was Zia-ul-Haq killed?
What type of group is the Islamic State?
Who is the Islamic State mainly composed of?
How many people were occupied by the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria in 2015?
What does the Islamic State lack?
What did the Islamic State declare itself in 2014?
When did the Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad pledge allegiance to al-Qaeda?
When did Western forces invade Iraq?
What did al-Qaeda complain about in 2014?
When did the Syrian Civil War begin?
What has ISIL been designated by the United Nations, the European Union, India, Indonesia, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Syria, and other countries?
How does the HT view Muslim history?
When did Ali die?
When did the Ottoman Caliphate end?
What system did the abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate end?
What did the abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate do?
What type of jihad does HT not engage in?
What does HT use to take power?
Who does HT work through to change Muslim public opinion?
Where did HT fail in 1974?
What have many HT members gone on to join?
How many Muslims live in Greater London?
What type of outlook do some Muslims in Greater London have?
In what year was Undercover Mosque aired?
What term is given to the Muslim presence in Greater London?
What was Abu Hamza al-Masri charged with?
How long has the U.S. been trying to counter Islamism?
What department is responsible for public diplomacy programmes in the U.S.?
Who was an official in the George W. Bush administration?
What position did Robert Gates hold?
What was the U.S. Information Agency charged with during the Cold War?
What language did Imperialism originate from?
Imperialism is a policy of extending a country's power and influence through colonization, use of what?
What country has the term imperialism been applied to in the 19th and 20th centuries?
What has Imperialism allowed for the rapid spread of?
Imperialism is a policy of extending a country's power and what through diplomacy or military force?
What is defined as "physical control or full-fledged colonial rule"?
What is a form of imperialism based on racial, religious, or cultural stereotypes?
How is informal imperialism defined?
What is another term for "full-fledged colonial rule"?
What is another term for imperialism?
What is the general purpose of imperialism?
What expands the control of the area?
What is the term for imperialism that means physical control or full-fledged colonial rule?
What is the greatest aspect of an empire?
How are developed and developing nations portrayed in the world?
Who said that imperialism was the highest form of capitalism?
What is a distinction about political empires?
What type of empires did most books on the subject confine themselves to?
What is imperialism often conflated with?
What does colonialism lack?
What type of reasons is imperialism developed for?
What is an example of a contiguous land empire?
Imperialism and colonialism have been used to describe one's superiority, domination and influence upon what?
What dictates the political and economic advantage over a land and the indigenous populations they control?
What is colonialism?
How does imperialism create an empire?
What is the core meaning of Colonialism?
What is inherited by the conquered indigenous populations?
What is a controversial aspect of imperialism?
What is a controversial aspect of empire-building?
What does Hobson believe is the best way to develop an empire?
What is a supposedly rational justification for imperialism?
What is still prized today in Latin America?
What country was Friedrich Ratzel from?
What country was Halford Mackinder from?
What type of geographers supported imperialism?
Along with the Royal Geographical Society of London, what other societies were able to fund travelers who would come back with tales of their discoveries?
What did the Royal Geographical Society of London do to travelers who came back with tales of their discoveries?
What geography theory suggested that tropical environments created uncivilized people in need of European guidance?
What zone did Ellen Churchill Semple believe human beings were able to become fully human in?
What philosophy was Edward Said associated with?
What did environmental determinism suggest that tropical environments created?
According to Siad, orientalism allowed Europe to establish itself as what?
What concept did British imperialism use?
In what century did British colonial rule of the continent take place?
The principles of imperialism are often generalizable to the policies and practices of what?
What group of people did Australia's settlers consider terra nullius to be unused by?
What does terra nullius mean?
What did Edward Said say the West developed of the East?
What did early European studies of the Orient position the East as?
What was the West's view of the East in relation to the West?
What is the term used by Edward Said to refer to how the West developed an imaginative geography of the East?
What type of West did early European studies of the Orient position the East as irrational and backward in opposition to?
What did Bassett focus on during the "scramble for Africa"?
What did the use of blank space provide incentives for imperial and colonial powers to obtain information to fill in?
What did Bassett highlight the use of blank space to denote?
What did Bassett highlight the use of blank space to denote unknown or unexplored territory?
Which country's power was legitimized by the use of maps during the "scramble for Africa"?
What era had large empires in the Americas?
Imperialism was a basic component to the conquests of who during the Mongol Empire?
How many Muslim empires are there?
What is an example of an empire that predates the European colonial era?
What region of Africa has dozens of Muslim empires?
What is it called when a country's influence is felt in social and cultural circles?
What is cultural imperialism?
What soap opera changed the expectations of Romanians?
Whose expectations were changed by the depictions of opulent American lifestyles in Dallas?
What do authoritarian regimes do to fight cultural imperialism?
When did the Age of Imperialism begin?
What did the Age of Imperialism involve influencing and annexing other parts of the world in order to gain political power?
How many years have imperialist practices existed?
When did the Age of Imperialism end?
What was the name of the policy in China?
When was John Gallagher born?
When did Ronald Robinson die?
Who were John Gallagher and Ronald Robinson?
What grew significantly because of the resources made available by imperialism?
Who was rich and prosperous because of the resources made available by imperialism?
What was Europe's expansion into territorial imperialism largely focused on?
When was the colonization of India?
Where did Europe collect resources?
What political weakness did the British exploit in India?
What advancements in technology helped Europe advance in military technology?
What did European chemists make that could be used in combat?
What became an effective battlefield weapon in the 1880s?
What were armies in less developed countries fighting with?
What type of chemists made deadly explosives that could be used in combat?
In anglophone academic works, theories regarding imperialism are often based on what country's experience?
When was the term imperialism first introduced into English?
What is another term for imperialism?
What was the purpose of capitalist economies?
What type of government did Hobson believe imperialism was based on?
When was the rise of the military-political complex in the United States?
When were these non-Marxist writers at their most prolific?
What did Hobson believe domestic social reforms could cure?
What did Hobson believe could boost consumption, create wealth, and encourage a peaceful, tolerant, multipolar world order?
What concept served as a moral justification for domination of certain territories and peoples?
What was believed to determine a person's behaviours?
What were people living in tropical environments seen as?
Where was the last wave of European colonialism?
What are the two forms of environmental determinism?
Who believed that the world could be split into climatic zones?
What two climates were believed to produce a hard-working, moral, and upstanding human being?
What did the people of the temperate climates need to govern a more evolved social structure?
What is a view of a people based on their geographical location?
Who believed that the world could be split into climatic zones?
When was Britain's imperialist ambitions seen?
When was the British East India Company established?
Who chartered the British East India Company?
Political activity in 1767 caused what to the East India Company?
Who set up trading posts in India?
When did France take control of Algeria?
When did France begin to rebuild its worldwide empire?
Along with French civilization and language, what religion did France spread to Algeria?
What continent did France focus on after 1850?
When did Republicans become supportive of the French colonial empire?
What did Jules Ferry say France had a duty to do?
What was the term for full citizenship rights?
How many settlers did France send to its colonies?
What did France bring to the world as a moral justification?
What was the only country where French settlers remained a small minority?
What did Charles de Gaulle and the Free French use as bases from which they fought to liberate France?
What began to challenge the French Empire after 1945?
Where did France lose a bitter war in the 1950s?
Where did France win the war in 1962?
When did France's colonies gain independence?
Where did the Germanic tribes originate from?
What region was excluded from the Germanic conquest of Europe by 1000 CE?
When did Germanic tribes expand throughout northern and western Europe?
When did the Holy Roman Empire form?
What part of Europe did the term "Germany" refer to?
When was Germany's participation in Western imperialism negligible?
When was Otto von Bismarck born?
When did Prussia unite the other states into the second German Empire?
Who was defeated in the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire?
Prussia and the German states continued to stand aloof from imperialism, preferring to manipulate what system?
Along with Africa, where did Germany begin to build a colonial empire in 1883?
What was the reason public opinion began to demand colonies for?
When did the German colonial empire begin?
Where did the German colonial empire begin in 1884?
Who influenced Bismarck?
What did Japan take from Russia during the Russo-Japanese War?
When was the first Sino-Japanese War?
What country did Japan invade during the First Sino-Japanese War?
What territory did Japan conquer from China in 1931?
Where was the People's Republic of?
When did the policy of "Indigenization" stop being implemented?
Who asserted the right to limited self-determination for national minorities within the new territory?
Where did the Soviet Union install socialist regimes?
Who reestablished a polity with roughly the same extent as the empire by 1921?
What did Trotsky believe the Russian revolution could only succeed as part of?
Who famously declared that Imperialism was the highest stage of capitalism?
Who once argued that the Soviet Union had itself become an imperialist power while maintaining a socialist façade?
Who was the new leader of the Soviet Union in the 1950s?
What did Joseph Stalin establish for the Soviet Union after Lenin's death?
What was the First British Empire based on?
When did Britain lose the American colonies?
What policy gave Britain dominance in the trade of much of the world?
When did the Spanish and Portuguese colonies become independent?
When did Napoleonic France defeat Britain?
What was the largest empire that the world has ever seen?
What was Social Darwinism an ideological underpinning?
What was expressed by Joseph Chamberlain and Lord Rosebury?
Along with Asia and the Middle East, where did the British Empire add major additions in the late 19th century?
What was the name of the policy that the US opposed Imperialism?
What was Theodore Roosevelt's policy in Central America?
What happened in the Philippines in 1898?
What country did the Anti-Imperialist League oppose the US annexation of?
What did Smedley Butler call American foreign policy?
Who was the director of the American Geographical Society in 1914?
In what year was Isiah Bowman appointed to President Woodrow Wilson's inquiry?
What was the purpose of President Wilson's inquiry?
What was the purpose of the American Empire?
What was Isiah Bowman's nickname?
What has some people described the relationship between various people groups as a form of imperialism?
What is the internal form of imperialism that the United States took on before any attempts at external imperialism?
How many Africans were treated as slaves in the African slave trade?
What did Edward Said describe the United States as using aggressive means of attack towards?
When did the Ottoman Empire end?
Who was the ruler of the Ottoman Empire in the 16th and 17th centuries?
How many provinces were in the Ottoman Empire at the beginning of the 17th century?
The Ottoman Empire controlled much of what region?
When was the Ottoman Empire in power?
What was the capital of the Ottoman empire?
Who did the Ottoman Empire ally with in the early 20th century?
The Ottoman Empire dissolved in the aftermath of what war?
What new state was created in the Ottoman Anatolian heartland after World War I?
What is the mainline Protestant Methodist denomination?
What is the United Methodist Church?
When was the UMC founded?
Who founded the UMC?
What is the UMC's theological orientation?
What is the largest denomination within the wider Methodist movement?
How many people worldwide belong to the United Methodist Church?
What is the UMC the largest denomination in the United States?
What percentage of the US population self-identify with the United Methodist Church?
When did the United Methodist Church begin?
Where did the United Methodist Church begin?
What did some students call the "Holy Club" and "the Methodists"?
When did John and Charles Wesley go to America to teach the gospel to the American Indians?
Where did John and Charles Wesley teach the gospel to American Indians?
Who did John and Charles Wesley teach the gospel to?
What did John and Charles Wesley's teachings emphasize?
What separated the Methodists in the American colonies from the life and sacraments of the Anglican Church?
When did the American Revolution separate the Methodists from the Anglican Church?
Who was appointed superintendent of the Methodist Society in 1784?
Where was the Baltimore Christmas Conference held?
Where was the Baltimore Christmas Conference held?
What is the oldest Methodist church in continuous use in the US?
What is the oldest Methodist church in continuous use in the US?
When was St. George's United Methodist Church founded?
Where did St. George's United Methodist Church first meet?
When was the Methodist Episcopal Church founded?
Who were the first African Americans ordained by the Methodist Church?
Who licensed the first African Americans to be ordained by the Methodist Church?
When were the first African Americans ordained by the Methodist Church?
When did the Methodist Protestant Church split from the Methodist Episcopal Church?
Why did the Methodist Protestant Church split from the Methodist Episcopal Church in 1830?
When did the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church split into two conferences?
Why did the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church split into two conferences?
When was the United Methodist Church created?
Where did the Evangelical United Brethren Church and the Methodist Church join hands?
Who represented The Methodist Church?
What does the United Methodist Church understand itself to be part of?
What recognizes the importance of the Chalcedonian Creed of the Council of Chalcedon?
What does the Book of Discipline uphold?
Why was John Wesley compelled to ordain two of his lay preachers as presbyters?
Who assisted Wesley in ordaining Vasey and Richard Whatcoat?
Who did John Wesley ordain as presbyters?
When was the United Methodist Church formed?
Who were the founders of the United Methodist Church?
Who was the first United Methodist theologian?
Who was the first United Methodist theologian?
What is the power that "goes before" us called?
What is the power that "goes before" us called?
What isvenient grace?
What is the power that "goes before" us called?
What is the name of the grace offered by God to all people?
What is it called when we are received by God, in spite of our sin?
What is another name for accepting Jesus as your personal Lord and Savior?
What is another name for accepting Jesus as your personal Lord and Savior?
What did John Wesley call the experience of being "born again"?
What is Sanctifying Grace?
What is the name of the grace of God that sustains the believers in the journey toward Christian Perfection?
What is Sanctifying Grace?
What is Sanctifying Grace?
What is at a unique crossroads between evangelical and sacramental theology?
What does the United Methodist Church believe in?
What is one of the more moderate and tolerant denominations with respect to race, gender, and ideology?
What is the name of the book that states that United Methodist theology is at once "catholic, evangelical, and reformed?"
When did the General Conference take place?
What is the United Methodist Church's position on abortion?
What group is the United Methodist Church a founding member of?
What are the two official bodies of the United Methodist Church part of the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice's governing coalition?
Who does the church emphasize the need to be in supportive ministry with?
Who is equally bound to respect the sacredness of the life and well-being?
What does TUMAS stand for?
In what year was the General Conference held?
Who is the president of the Taskforce of United Methodists on Abortion and Sexuality?
What movement has the Methodist Church Historically supported?
When did the General Board of Church and Society call on all United Methodists to abstain from alcohol for Lent?
What was the name of John Wesley's famous sermon?
What does the United Methodist Church use in the sacrament of Holy Communion?
What does the United Methodist Church condemn?
Where does the United Methodist Church believe Jesus abolished the death penalty?
Where did Jesus repudiate the lex talionis?
Who calls for an immediate moratorium on the death penalty?
What does the United Methodist Church prohibit the celebration of?
When was Jimmy Creech defrocked?
When was same-sex marriage legalized?
What governing committee has voted in favor of a proposal that allows ministers to officiate same-sex weddings?
What community has the United Methodist Church called for a broader acceptance?
What have many conferences taken a position in favor of?
In what year was Rose Mary Denman defrocked for living with a same-sex partner?
When were clergy credentials removed from Irene Elizabeth Stroud?
Who has approved the appointment of an openly partnered lesbian to the provisional diaconate?
What does the United Methodist Church oppose as incompatible with the teaching of Scripture?
What are Christians aware that neither the way of inaction nor the way of war is always righteous before God?
What does the United Methodist Church oppose?
The United Methodist Church maintains that war is incompatible with what?
What does the United Methodist Church reject war as?
What does the United Methodist Church endorse?
Who states that pornography is harmful and is generally addictive?
What does the United Methodist Church teach that pornography is about?
Persons who are addicted to pornography are physiologically altered, as is their perspective, relationships with parishioners and family, and their perceptions of what?
What type of research does the UMC support?
What type of cells are retrieved from umbilical cords and adult stem cells?
What does the UMC support federal funding for?
What was the revised version of The Book of Common Prayer called?
When did John Wesley provide a revised version of The Book of Common Prayer?
What was the Sunday Service of the Methodists in North America a revised version of?
Where is the United Methodist Church located?
From what Anglican tradition are many of the liturgies of the United Methodist Church derived?
What is the process of exorcism?
What may be named after a biblical figure?
Who is the Salvation Army Founder?
Who was the founder of Methodism?
What is the only organization that may speak officially for the church?
What is the name of the highest level of the United Methodist Church?
Legislative changes are recorded in what?
What is the name of the highest level of the United Methodist Church?
How often does the General Conference meet?
How many jurisdictions does the United States have?
How many central conferences are there outside of the United States?
What is the main purpose of the jurisdictions and central conferences?
Who are the chief administrators of the church?
What area of the church do bishops serve?
Who makes decisions between the four-year meetings?
Who makes the decisions between the four-year meetings of the Mission Council?
How many acres did the Mission Council of the South Central Jurisdiction approve in 2007?
What was the purpose of the lease?
Where is the George W. Bush Presidential Library located?
How many members are in the Judicial Council?
What is the name of the highest court in the denomination?
How long is the term of the Judicial Council?
How often does the Judicial Council meet?
Where does the Judicial Council meet?
What is the basic unit of organization within the UMC?
What does the term Annual Conference refer to?
Clergy are members of what conference?
What is the guidebook for local churches and pastors?
How many members must a board of trustees have?
How many members must a board of trustees have?
What is the annual meeting of all the officers of the church called?
What is the annual meeting of all the officers of the church called?
How many colleges and universities are affiliated with the United Methodist Church?
How many schools and institutions does the United Methodist Church operate overseas?
What is the name of the organization that the United Methodist Church is affiliated with?
Who ordained the first Methodist clergy?
What do elders serve as in local congregations?
What is the name of the organization that ordained the first Methodist clergy?
What is each deacon in full connection a member of?
Who advises the resident bishop on appointments?
How often are appointments made between sessions of the Annual Conference?
When are no appointments officially fixed?
Who is ordained to a ministry of Word, Sacrament, Order and Service within the church?
Where may Elders be appointed?
How long do Elders serve?
What are Elders assigned as?
How long do deacons serve?
Who are ordained to ministries of word, service, compassion, and justice?
Who are ordained to ministries of word, service, compassion, and justice?
What may deacons be given if they are appointed as the pastor in a local church?
When was the ordination order of transitional deacon abolished?
What is the term for a seminary graduate who serves a two-three-year term in a full-time appointment after being commissioned?
When was the ordination order of transitional deacon abolished?
What is the official title of a Local Pastor?
What is the official title of a local pastor?
How many years must a local pastor attend a United Methodist seminary?
What type of membership does a local pastor have that allows them to retire as clergy?
What is the term for those who have been baptized as an infant or child but have not subsequently profess their own faith?
How do Baptized Members become Professing Members?
How can an individual become a Professing Member?
What is a sacrament in the UMC?
What classes are offered by the Book of Discipline?
What directs the local church to offer membership preparation classes?
What do students learn in confirmation and membership preparation classes?
What are local church lay servants and certified lay servants?
How are local church lay servants recognized?
How often do certified lay servants have to report and reapply?
How many advanced courses must a certified lay servant complete?
What is one tradition within the Christian Church?
What does the United Methodist Church vote to seek in the National Association of Evangelicals and in the World Evangelical Fellowship?
What do some in the United Methodist Church feel that false ecumenism might result in?
When was a Commission on Pan Methodist Cooperation and Union formed?
When did the United Methodist Church enter full communion with the African Methodist Episcopal Church?
When did the United Methodist Church begin exploring a possible merger with three historically African-American Methodist denominations?
How many members were in the UMC at the time of its formation?
How many congregations did the UMC have at the time of its formation?
How many members were in the UMC in 2005?
How many congregations did the UMC have in 2005?
What state has the largest number of members?
What was the total UMC membership at the opening of the 2008 General Conference?
How many UMC members were in the U.S. in 2008?
How many overseas UMC members were there in 2008?
What group seeks to reconceive and promote Biblical holiness in today's Church?
What interdenominational group is the UMC active in?
When was the "Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification" adopted?
When was the French and Indian War?
Who fought in the French and Indian War?
How many Europeans lived in the French and Indian War?
How many European settlers were in the British North American colonies?
Where was the war fought?
What was the name of the dispute that began the war?
What was the name of the Battle of Jumonville Glen?
When was the Battle of Monongahela?
What was the result of the battle of Monongahela?
What were the reasons for the failure of British operations in 1755, 1756, and 1757 in the frontier areas of Pennsylvania and New York?
What did the British capture on the border between Nova Scotia and Acadia?
What did the British order to do after Fort Beauséjour was captured?
Who took over the British government after the siege of Fort William Henry?
Why did France want to increase British military resources in the colonies?
Where did France concentrate its forces?
Where were the British defeated?
What territory did France cede to Great Britain?
What did France cede Louisiana to?
What was the result of France's colonial presence north of the Caribbean being reduced to the islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon?
When was a King George's War?
What obscures the fact that the French and Indian War was a conflict between France and Great Britain?
What was the Seven Years' War?
What are some less commonly used names for the French and Indian War?
What are the events of the Seven Years' War in Europe?
How long did the fighting in North America last?
When was Montreal captured?
What battle took place in 1754?
How many French people lived in New Orleans?
What was the focus of the French population?
What did French traders and trappers do in the watersheds?
How many British settlers outnumbered the French?
Where did British settlers live on the eastern coast of the continent?
Where were the population centers of the British colonies?
Who dominated large areas between the French and the British?
What tribes were engaged in Father Le Loutre's War?
Where did the Iroquois Confederation dominate?
What was the rule of the Iroquois?
Which Siouan-speaking tribes dominated the Southeast interior?
Where did the French recruit fighters from?
Who supported the British in the Anglo-Cherokee War?
How many French troops were stationed in North America at the start of the war?
How many British troops were stationed in North America at the start of the war?
What was the problem with local militia companies?
How many miles did the expedition cover?
How many Indians were in Céloron's expedition force?
What did Céloron do when he encountered British merchants?
What did the Native Americans do when Céloron arrived at Logstown?
What village was the home of the "Old Briton"?
What did Céloron do when he reached the confluence of the Ohio and the Miami rivers?
How did "Old Briton" react to Céloron's warning?
What did Céloron say about the Natives of the localities?
How did each side respond to the reports in the Ohio Country?
What did William Shirley say about the British colonists?
When did the British government give land to the Ohio Company of Virginia?
Who was given land for the purpose of developing trade and settlements in the Ohio Country?
Who completed the Treaty of Logstown?
What was the name of the treaty that was signed in 1752?
Where was the strong house built?
What is the North American theater of the War of the Austrian Succession known as?
When did the War of the Austrian Succession end?
What was the main issue of the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle?
What was the result of the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle?
Who was the Governor-General of New France in 1752?
How many men did Charles Michel de Langlade send to the Ohio territories?
What was the objective of Charles Michel de Langlade?
How many people were killed in the attack on Pickawillany?
Who was given command of the Troupes de la Marine and Indians in the spring of 1753?
Where was Fort Presque Isle located?
Where was the second fort built?
What was the purpose of the Troupes de la Marine and Indians?
Who was the chief of the Mingo?
Who was William Johnson?
What was William Johnson's nickname to the Iroquois?
What was William Johnson's job title?
Who was the Speaker of the Iroquois tribal council?
What company was Governor Robert Dinwiddie an investor in?
Who warned the French to leave Virginia territory?
Who did Washington pick up along the way?
When did Washington reach Fort Le Boeuf?
Who succeeded Marin as commander of the French forces?
What letter did Jacques Legardeur de Saint-Pierre receive from Dinwiddie?
How did Saint-Pierre respond to the letter from Dinwiddie?
What did Jacques Legardeur de Saint-Pierre say about France's claim to the Ohio Country?
When did Pecaudy de Contrecur leave Fort Venango?
When did William Trent begin construction of a small stockaded fort?
What was the name of the fort built by William Trent?
What was the result of the Battle of Jumonville Glen?
What was the result of the Battle of Jumonville Glen?
What did the historian Fred Anderson suggest that Tanaghrisson was doing to gain the support of the British?
What was the purpose of the army expedition?
When did the British send an army to North America?
What did King Louis XV do to dislodge the French?
What did the British intend to do?
What was the name of the political response to the opening of hostilities?
What was the goal of the Albany Congress?
What was the result of the congress?
What was the result of the Albany Congress?
How many British troops were on the expedition to take Fort Duquesne?
What was the result of the expedition to take Fort Duquesne?
How many British soldiers were killed in the attack on Fort Duquesne?
Who played key roles in organizing the retreat?
Who did the French have a copy of the British war plans?
How did Shirley handle large expeditions?
What did Shirley plan to do when he was out of town?
What did Shirley leave at Oswego, Fort Bull, and Fort Williams?
Who was New France's governor?
Why did Vaudreuil send Baron Dieskau to Fort St. Frédéric?
How did the Battle of Lake George end?
What was the name of the British encampment at Fort Edward?
Where did the French withdraw to after the Battle of Lake George?
Who captured Fort Beauséjour?
What did Nova Scotia's Governor order to do to the Acadian population?
Where were the only clashes of any size?
Who assumed command of British forces in North America after the death of Braddock?
Where did William Shirley meet in December 1755?
What did William Shirley plan to do after Braddock's death?
How did William Shirley plan to attack Quebec?
Who was Lord Loudoun's second in command?
Who led the French reinforcements to New France?
When did England declare war on France?
What was the name of the fort Shirley erected at?
What was the name of the battle where French forces destroyed the fort?
How much gunpowder did the French destroy at Fort Bull?
What did the Battle of Fort Bull set back for the British?
Who refused to take any significant actions until Loudoun approved them?
Where did Montcalm move his headquarters?
Where did Vaudreuil harass the garrison?
What did Montcalm and the Indians disagree about?
What did Loudoun plan for 1757?
Why did Loudoun leave a sizable force at Fort William Henry?
Who ordered Loudoun to attack Louisbourg first?
Why did Loudoun return to New York?
Who harassed Fort William Henry throughout the first half of 1757?
What frozen lake did the French raid on Fort William Henry take place across?
What did some of Montcalm's Indian allies do to the British column?
Why were Montcalm and Vaudreuil resupplied in 1758?
What caused the situation in New France in 1757?
What did Montcalm focus his resources on?
What led to the fall of Newcastle and the Duke of Cumberland?
Who developed the plan for the 1758 campaign?
What did Pitt's plan call for?
What were the names of two successful expeditions by the British?
How many Frenchmen defeated Abercrombie's forces in the Battle of Carillon?
Who did the French defeat in the Battle of Carillon?
What did Abercrombie do to save Fort Frontenac?
What happened to Abercrombie after the Battle of Carillon?
What did the duc de Choiseul decide to focus on?
What was the result of the invasion of Britain?
Where did the French Navy fail in the 1759 naval battles?
Who defeated Montcalm at Quebec?
What did Fort Niagara do to French frontier forts?
What was the name of the battle in which the British were able to prevent the arrival of French relief ships?
What battle was the British able to prevent the arrival of French relief ships?
Who negotiated a capitulation with General Amherst?
What did Amherst grant to French residents who chose to remain in the colony?
Who did Vaudreuil negotiate a capitulation with in 1760?
When did the war in North America end?
What was the name of the treaty that settled the European theatre of the Seven Years' War?
What did the British offer France to surrender?
Why did France want to surrender the Caribbean islands?
How many people lived in French Canada and Acadia?
When did the deportation of Acadians begin?
Where did the British resettle many Acadians?
Where did some of the Acadians go after the Haitian Revolution?
Who issued the Royal Proclamation of 1763?
What did the Royal Proclamation of 1763 do?
Where was the reservation of lands to the Indian population included in the Royal Proclamation of 1763?
Where did most of the Spanish Catholic population leave?
Who built roads to the Ohio Country?
When was the Spanish takeover of Louisiana?
Which two tribes had a rise in tensions with the British?
What did the elimination of French power in North America mean for many native populations?
What concept did philosophers in antiquity use in the study of stationary and moving objects?
What did Aristotle and Archimedes retain in understanding force?
Along with Galileo Galilei, who corrected most of the misunderstandings about force?
How long did it take for Sir Isaac Newton's laws of motion to be improved on?
Who developed a theory of relativity that correctly predicted the action of forces on objects with increasing momenta near the speed of light?
What model has particle physics created to describe forces between particles smaller than atoms?
What exchanged particles are the fundamental means by which forces are emitted and absorbed?
What is the strongest of the four interactions known?
Along with strong, electromagnetic and weak, what interaction is known?
High-energy particle physics observations made in the 1970s and 1980s confirmed that the weak and electromagnetic forces are expressions of what interaction?
Who provided a philosophical discussion of the concept of a force as an integral part of Aristotlelian cosmology?
Aristotle's philosophical discussion of the concept of a force was an integral part of what?
How many elements did Aristotle believe the terrestrial sphere contained?
Where did Aristotle believe motionless objects on Earth were in their natural place?
What type of motion did Aristotle believe required continued application of a force?
When did Galileo Galilei correct the shortcomings of Aristotelian physics?
Who was influenced by the Medieval idea that objects in forced motion carried an innate force of impetus?
What was the Medieval idea that objects in forced motion carried an innate force of?
Who created an experiment in which stones and cannonballs were rolled down an incline to disprove the Aristotelian theory of motion?
What type of force did Galileo Galilei argue that objects retain their velocity unless acted on by?
Who proposed that every object with mass has an innate inertia that functions as the fundamental equilibrium "natural state"?
What was Galileo's insight that constant velocity was associated with?
Who proposed that every object with mass has an innate inertia that functions as the fundamental equilibrium "natural state"?
What law states that objects continue to move in a state of constant velocity unless acted upon by an external net force?
How are the laws of physics in every inertial frame of reference?
What does not change while traveling in a moving vehicle at a constant velocity?
What type of path does a person observe the ball follow?
The laws of physics do not change while traveling in a moving vehicle at a constant velocity from what?
What applies equally well to constant velocity motion as it does to rest?
What concept is used to explain the tendency of objects to continue in many different forms of constant motion?
What fixes the constancy of the length of a day and the length of a year?
Who explained that reference frames subject to constant acceleration were physically equivalent to inertial reference frames?
What do astronauts experience when in free-fall orbit around the Earth?
What was one of the foundational underpinnings for the development of the general theory of relativity?
What asserts the direct proportionality of acceleration to force and the inverse proportionality of acceleration to mass?
Accelerations can be defined through what kind of measurements?
What offers an equivalence between space-time and mass?
What offers an equivalence between space-time and mass?
How are the relative units of force and mass in Newton's second law?
What law is a result of applying symmetry to situations where forces can be attributed to the presence of different objects?
What law is a result of applying symmetry to situations where forces can be attributed to the presence of different objects?
What type of force does Newton's Third Law say there is no such thing as?
What are F and F equal in?
The action-reaction force shared between any two objects in a closed system does not cause what part of the system to accelerate?
In what type of system are there no internal forces that are unbalanced?
The action-reaction force shared between any two objects in a closed system will not cause the center of what to accelerate?
What can the perception of forces provide for describing forces?
What are operational definitions consistent with direct observations compared to?
What is the conceptual definition of force that laboratory measurements are consistent with?
How is it determined that laboratory measurements of forces are fully consistent with the conceptual definition of force offered by Newtonian mechanics?
What are forces classified as?
What are physical quantities that do not have direction called?
What avoids the problem of knowing the direction of forces?
What is the situation if both the magnitude and direction of the forces are not known?
What avoids the problem of knowing the direction of forces?
In what condition were forces first quantitatively investigated?
forces are additive vector quantities because they have what two properties?
What is another name for the resulting force when two forces act on a point particle?
What must be specified if forces are acting on an extended body?
What rule of vector addition determines the net force when two forces act on a point particle?
What can forces be resolved into at right angles to each other?
How many forces can a horizontal force pointing northeast be split into?
What does summing component forces using vector addition yield?
What type of components are uniquely determined by the scalar addition of the components of the individual vectors?
What dimension can orthogonal force vectors be?
Pushing against an object on a frictional surface can result in a situation where the object does not move because the applied force is opposed by what?
Pushing against an object on a frictional surface can result in a situation where the object does not move because the applied force is opposed by what?
What type of force is opposed by static friction?
What is opposed by static friction?
What is the most common way of measuring forces?
What is the force applied by an object suspended on a vertical spring scale called?
What does an object suspended on a vertical spring scale experience the force of?
What does an object suspended on a vertical spring scale experience the force of?
Who wrote the Three Laws of Motion?
Who first described Dynamic equilibrium?
What frame did Galileo believe did not exist?
Who first described Dynamic equilibrium?
Where would the falling cannonball land in an Aristotelian universe?
In an Aristotelian universe, the falling cannonball would land behind what part of a moving ship?
What occurs in constant velocity motion across a surface with kinetic friction?
What opposes the applied force?
A simple case of dynamic equilibrium occurs in constant velocity motion across a surface with what?
Who misinterpreted the motion as being caused by the applied force?
Whose equation describes physics instead of Newtonian equations?
The Schrödinger equation is now described by what equations?
Potentials V(x,y,z) or fields are treated similar to what?
What are the results of a measurement now sometimes called?
What is now described by the Schrödinger equation instead of Newtonian equations?
What is the discrete intrinsic angular momentum-like variable?
What principle relates the space and spin variables?
What is the discrete intrinsic angular momentum-like variable?
What type of spins must the position variables be symmetric for?
What type of spins do electrons have?
How are forces and the acceleration of particles explained in modern particle physics?
What is a mathematical by-product of exchange of gauge bosons?
What did quantum field theory and general relativity realize that force is a redundant concept arising from?
What diagram is used to describe fundamental interactions?
How is each matter particle represented in a Feynman diagram?
How many fundamental interactions are the forces in the universe based on?
What types of forces are responsible for interactions between subatomic particles?
What type of force acts between electric charges?
gravitational force acts between what?
What does not permit atoms to pass through each other?
Who unified the force responsible for objects falling at the surface of the Earth with the force responsible for the orbits of celestial mechanics?
In what century did the development of quantum mechanics lead to a modern understanding that the first three fundamental forces are manifestations of matter?
The development of fundamental theories for forces proceeded along the lines of what of disparate ideas?
What are physicists still attempting to develop?
Who identified gravity as a universal force?
Who was instrumental in describing the characteristics of falling objects?
What is the magnitude of the acceleration due to gravity towards the surface of the Earth?
From where is the magnitude of the 9.81 meters per second squared taken?
What is directly proportional to the mass of an object at the surface of the Earth?
When did Newton realize that the effects of gravity could be observed in different ways?
What did Newton determine could be ascribed to the same force of gravity if the acceleration due to gravity decreased?
The acceleration due to gravity is proportional to what of the attracting body?
What does Newton's formula relate to the gravitational acceleration?
What is the dimensional constant used to describe the relative strength of gravity?
Who made the first measurement of using a torsion balance?
When was Henry Cavendish able to make the first measurement of using a torsion balance?
Whose law of gravity was unknown in Newton's lifetime?
What planet's orbit did Newton's Law of Gravitation seem to not explain?
What planet did some astrophysicists predict would explain the discrepancies?
What does GR stand for?
Who formulated the theory of general relativity?
Who formulated the theory of general relativity?
What is the theory that best explains gravity?
What is the path of an object in space called?
What is the time derivative of the changing momentum of the object called?
In what sense can the curvature of space-time be observed?
What does Lorentz's Law combine with the time rate of change of electric charge?
The connection between electricity and magnetism allows for the description of what type of force that acts on a charge?
What law describes the force on a charge moving in a magnetic field?
What is the force due to the electric field called?
Who unified a number of earlier theories into a set of 20 scalar equations?
When was the origin of electric and magnetic fields fully explained?
How many scalar equations were created by James Clerk Maxwell?
How many vector equations were created by James Clerk Maxwell?
Who discovered that electric and magnetic fields could be self-generating?
What theory did physicists try to reconcile with the photoelectric effect and the nonexistence of the ultraviolet catastrophe?
What did leading theoretical physicists use to develop a new theory of electromagnetism?
What does QED stand for?
What are wave-particles known as?
What does QED stand for?
What is it a common misconception to ascribe the stiffness and rigidity of solid matter to?
What does the stiffness and rigidity of solid matter result from?
What kind of quantum mechanical states do electrons need to be packed together?
How is this effect manifested macroscopically?
What is it a common misconception to ascribe the stiffness and rigidity of solid matter to?
What does the stiffness and rigidity of solid matter result from?
What kind of quantum mechanical states do electrons need to be packed together?
How is this effect manifested macroscopically?
What does the strong force only act directly upon?
What is observed between hadrons?
What is the force that acts between nucleons in atomic nuclei called?
How is the strong force transmitted?
The failure of many searches for free quarks has shown that the elementary particles affected are not directly observable?
What is due to the exchange of heavy W and Z bosons?
What is the most familiar effect of the weak force?
beta decay and what else is associated with the weak force?
How many times less is the field strength than the strong force?
At what temperature are electromagnetic forces and weak force indistinguishable?
What force is due to repulsive forces of interaction between atoms at close contact?
What happens when electron clouds overlap?
What causes Pauli repulsion?
What type of force is responsible for the structural integrity of tables and floors?
What are massless, frictionless, unbreakable, and unstretchable?
What can ideal strings be combined with to allow them to switch physical direction?
What do ideal strings transmit tension forces in?
What do tandem effects result in?
What is used to connect the same string multiple times to the same object?
Newton's laws and Newtonian mechanics were first developed to describe how forces affect what?
Newton's laws and Newtonian mechanics were first developed to describe how forces affect what?
What kind of structure does matter have in real life?
forces that act on one part of an object might affect what parts of an object?
What kind of structure does matter have in real life?
What accounts for forces that cause all strains?
What terms are associated with forces that act normal to the cross-sectional area?
What terms are associated with forces that act normal to the cross-sectional area?
What includes pressure terms associated with forces that act normal to the cross-sectional area?
What is angle?
What ensures that all bodies maintain their angular momentum unless acted upon by?
What can be used to derive an analogous equation for the instantaneous angular acceleration of the rigid body?
Where is the unbalanced centripetal force felt by any object always directed?
In what direction do unbalanced centripetal forces act to the velocity vector associated with the motion of an object?
What type of force is felt by any object always directed toward the center of the curving path?
What direction does the unit vector point outwards from the center of the circular path?
What is the component that accelerates the object by either slowing it down or speeding it up?
A conservative force that acts on a closed system has a mechanical work that allows energy to convert only between potential forms and what other form?
A conservative force that acts on a closed system has a mechanical work that allows energy to convert only between kinetic or what forms?
What is conserved whenever a conservative force acts on a closed system?
What is the force related to?
What can a conservative force be considered to be of a potential field?
What is it impossible to model as being due to gradient of potentials?
For certain physical scenarios, it is impossible to model forces as being due to what?
What is caused by the gradients of numerous electrostatic potentials between the atoms?
What type of forces include other contact forces, tension, compression, and drag?
What is used to describe the connection between macroscopic nonconservative forces and microscopic conservative forces?
What type of forces act to change the internal energies of a system?
What type of forces act to change the internal energies of a system?
What law of thermodynamics states that nonconservative forces result in energy transformations within closed systems from ordered to more random conditions as entropy increases?
What type of forces act to change the internal energies of a system?
What is the force exerted by standard gravity on one kilogram of mass?
What is another name for the kilogram-force?
What is the metric unit of mass that accelerates at 1ms2 when subjected to a force of 1 kgf?
What is the equivalent of 1000 lbf?
What unit of force is equivalent to 1000 N?