# Step 1: Install Required Libraries
# Uncomment and run this if you haven't installed these packages yet.
# !pip install pandas numpy matplotlib yfinance tensorflow scikit-learn

# Step 2: Import Required Libraries
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import yfinance as yf
from sklearn.preprocessing import MinMaxScaler
from tensorflow.keras.models import Sequential
from tensorflow.keras.layers import LSTM, Dense, Dropout
from datetime import datetime, timedelta

# Step 3: Load and Preprocess Data
def load_data(ticker, start_date, end_date):
    # Fetch data from Yahoo Finance
    data = yf.download(ticker, start=start_date, end=end_date)
    data = data[['Close']]  # We only need the closing prices
    return data

def preprocess_data(data):
    # Scale the data
    scaler = MinMaxScaler(feature_range=(0, 1))
    scaled_data = scaler.fit_transform(data)

    # Create training data
    training_data_len = int(np.ceil(len(scaled_data) * .8))  # 80% for training
    train_data = scaled_data[0:training_data_len, :]

    # Create the dataset with X_train and y_train
    x_train, y_train = [], []
    for i in range(60, len(train_data)):
        x_train.append(train_data[i-60:i, 0])
        y_train.append(train_data[i, 0])

    x_train, y_train = np.array(x_train), np.array(y_train)
    x_train = np.reshape(x_train, (x_train.shape[0], x_train.shape[1], 1))  # Reshape for LSTM

    return x_train, y_train, scaler, training_data_len, scaled_data

# Step 4: Build the LSTM Model
def build_model(input_shape):
    model = Sequential()
    model.add(LSTM(50, return_sequences=True, input_shape=input_shape))
    model.add(Dropout(0.2))
    model.add(LSTM(50, return_sequences=False))
    model.add(Dropout(0.2))
    model.add(Dense(25))
    model.add(Dense(1))  # Prediction of the next closing price
    model.compile(optimizer='adam', loss='mean_squared_error')
    return model

# Step 5: Train the Model
def train_model(model, x_train, y_train, epochs=10, batch_size=1):
    model.fit(x_train, y_train, batch_size=batch_size, epochs=epochs)

# Step 6: Make Predictions
def make_predictions(model, scaled_data, training_data_len, scaler):
    # Create the test dataset
    test_data = scaled_data[training_data_len - 60:, :]
    x_test = []
    for i in range(60, len(test_data)):
        x_test.append(test_data[i-60:i, 0])
    x_test = np.array(x_test)

    # Reshape the data
    x_test = np.reshape(x_test, (x_test.shape[0], x_test.shape[1], 1))

    # Get the predicted price
    predictions = model.predict(x_test)
    predictions = scaler.inverse_transform(predictions)  # Inverse scaling
    return predictions

# Step 7: Visualize the Results
def visualize_results(data, predictions):
    train = data[:len(data) - len(predictions)]
    valid = data[len(data) - len(predictions):]
    valid['Predictions'] = predictions

    # Plotting
    plt.figure(figsize=(16, 8))
    plt.title('Model')
    plt.xlabel('Date')
    plt.ylabel('Close Price USD')
    plt.plot(train['Close'])
    plt.plot(valid[['Close', 'Predictions']])
    plt.legend(['Train', 'Val', 'Predictions'], loc='lower right')
    plt.show()

# Example Usage
if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Set parameters
    ticker = "AAPL"  # Example ticker (Apple Inc.)
    start_date = "2020-01-01"
    end_date = datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d")

    # Load data
    data = load_data(ticker, start_date, end_date)

    # Preprocess data
    x_train, y_train, scaler, training_data_len, scaled_data = preprocess_data(data)

    # Build and train the model
    model = build_model((x_train.shape[1], 1))
    train_model(model, x_train, y_train, epochs=50)

    # Make predictions
    predictions = make_predictions(model, scaled_data, training_data_len, scaler)

    # Visualize results
    visualize_results(data, predictions)