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# Ultralytics YOLO 🚀, AGPL-3.0 license
"""
Functions for estimating the best YOLO batch size to use a fraction of the available CUDA memory in PyTorch.
"""
from copy import deepcopy
import numpy as np
import torch
from ultralytics.yolo.utils import DEFAULT_CFG, LOGGER, colorstr
from ultralytics.yolo.utils.torch_utils import profile
def check_train_batch_size(model, imgsz=640, amp=True):
"""
Check YOLO training batch size using the autobatch() function.
Args:
model (torch.nn.Module): YOLO model to check batch size for.
imgsz (int): Image size used for training.
amp (bool): If True, use automatic mixed precision (AMP) for training.
Returns:
(int): Optimal batch size computed using the autobatch() function.
"""
with torch.cuda.amp.autocast(amp):
return autobatch(deepcopy(model).train(), imgsz) # compute optimal batch size
def autobatch(model, imgsz=640, fraction=0.67, batch_size=DEFAULT_CFG.batch):
"""
Automatically estimate the best YOLO batch size to use a fraction of the available CUDA memory.
Args:
model (torch.nn.module): YOLO model to compute batch size for.
imgsz (int, optional): The image size used as input for the YOLO model. Defaults to 640.
fraction (float, optional): The fraction of available CUDA memory to use. Defaults to 0.67.
batch_size (int, optional): The default batch size to use if an error is detected. Defaults to 16.
Returns:
(int): The optimal batch size.
"""
# Check device
prefix = colorstr('AutoBatch: ')
LOGGER.info(f'{prefix}Computing optimal batch size for imgsz={imgsz}')
device = next(model.parameters()).device # get model device
if device.type == 'cpu':
LOGGER.info(f'{prefix}CUDA not detected, using default CPU batch-size {batch_size}')
return batch_size
if torch.backends.cudnn.benchmark:
LOGGER.info(f'{prefix} ⚠️ Requires torch.backends.cudnn.benchmark=False, using default batch-size {batch_size}')
return batch_size
# Inspect CUDA memory
gb = 1 << 30 # bytes to GiB (1024 ** 3)
d = str(device).upper() # 'CUDA:0'
properties = torch.cuda.get_device_properties(device) # device properties
t = properties.total_memory / gb # GiB total
r = torch.cuda.memory_reserved(device) / gb # GiB reserved
a = torch.cuda.memory_allocated(device) / gb # GiB allocated
f = t - (r + a) # GiB free
LOGGER.info(f'{prefix}{d} ({properties.name}) {t:.2f}G total, {r:.2f}G reserved, {a:.2f}G allocated, {f:.2f}G free')
# Profile batch sizes
batch_sizes = [1, 2, 4, 8, 16]
try:
img = [torch.empty(b, 3, imgsz, imgsz) for b in batch_sizes]
results = profile(img, model, n=3, device=device)
# Fit a solution
y = [x[2] for x in results if x] # memory [2]
p = np.polyfit(batch_sizes[:len(y)], y, deg=1) # first degree polynomial fit
b = int((f * fraction - p[1]) / p[0]) # y intercept (optimal batch size)
if None in results: # some sizes failed
i = results.index(None) # first fail index
if b >= batch_sizes[i]: # y intercept above failure point
b = batch_sizes[max(i - 1, 0)] # select prior safe point
if b < 1 or b > 1024: # b outside of safe range
b = batch_size
LOGGER.info(f'{prefix}WARNING ⚠️ CUDA anomaly detected, using default batch-size {batch_size}.')
fraction = (np.polyval(p, b) + r + a) / t # actual fraction predicted
LOGGER.info(f'{prefix}Using batch-size {b} for {d} {t * fraction:.2f}G/{t:.2f}G ({fraction * 100:.0f}%) ✅')
return b
except Exception as e:
LOGGER.warning(f'{prefix}WARNING ⚠️ error detected: {e}, using default batch-size {batch_size}.')
return batch_size
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