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# OpenHands Microagents
Microagents are specialized prompts that enhance OpenHands with domain-specific knowledge and task-specific workflows. They help developers by providing expert guidance, automating common tasks, and ensuring consistent practices across projects. Each microagent is designed to excel in a specific area, from Git operations to code review processes.
## Sources of Microagents
OpenHands loads microagents from two sources:
### 1. Shareable Microagents (Public)
This directory (`OpenHands/microagents/`) contains shareable microagents that are:
- Available to all OpenHands users
- Maintained in the OpenHands repository
- Perfect for reusable knowledge and common workflows
Directory structure:
```
OpenHands/microagents/
├── # Keyword-triggered expertise
│ ├── git.md # Git operations
│ ├── testing.md # Testing practices
│ └── docker.md # Docker guidelines
└── # These microagents are always loaded
├── pr_review.md # PR review process
├── bug_fix.md # Bug fixing workflow
└── feature.md # Feature implementation
```
### 2. Repository Instructions (Private)
Each repository can have its own instructions in `.openhands/microagents/repo.md`. These instructions are:
- Private to that repository
- Automatically loaded when working with that repository
- Perfect for repository-specific guidelines and team practices
Example repository structure:
```
your-repository/
└── .openhands/
└── microagents/
└── repo.md # Repository-specific instructions
└── ... # Private micro-agents that are only available inside this repo
```
## Loading Order
When OpenHands works with a repository, it:
1. Loads repository-specific instructions from `.openhands/microagents/repo.md` if present
2. Loads relevant knowledge agents based on keywords in conversations
## Types of Microagents
Most microagents use markdown files with YAML frontmatter. For repository agents (repo.md), the frontmatter is optional - if not provided, the file will be loaded with default settings as a repository agent.
### 1. Knowledge Agents
Knowledge agents provide specialized expertise that's triggered by keywords in conversations. They help with:
- Language best practices
- Framework guidelines
- Common patterns
- Tool usage
Key characteristics:
- **Trigger-based**: Activated by specific keywords in conversations
- **Context-aware**: Provide relevant advice based on file types and content
- **Reusable**: Knowledge can be applied across multiple projects
- **Versioned**: Support multiple versions of tools/frameworks
You can see an example of a knowledge-based agent in [OpenHands's github microagent](https://github.com/All-Hands-AI/OpenHands/tree/main/microagents/github.md).
### 2. Repository Agents
Repository agents provide repository-specific knowledge and guidelines. They are:
- Loaded from `.openhands/microagents/repo.md`
- Specific to individual repositories
- Automatically activated for their repository
- Perfect for team practices and project conventions
Key features:
- **Project-specific**: Contains guidelines unique to the repository
- **Team-focused**: Enforces team conventions and practices
- **Always active**: Automatically loaded for the repository
- **Locally maintained**: Updated with the project
You can see an example of a repo agent in [the agent for the OpenHands repo itself](https://github.com/All-Hands-AI/OpenHands/blob/main/.openhands/microagents/repo.md).
## Contributing
### When to Contribute
1. **Knowledge Agents** - When you have:
- Language/framework best practices
- Tool usage patterns
- Common problem solutions
- General development guidelines
2. **Repository Agents** - When you need:
- Project-specific guidelines
- Team conventions and practices
- Custom workflow documentation
- Repository-specific setup instructions
### Best Practices
1. **For Knowledge Agents**:
- Choose distinctive triggers
- Focus on one area of expertise
- Include practical examples
- Use file patterns when relevant
- Keep knowledge general and reusable
2. **For Repository Agents**:
- Document clear setup instructions
- Include repository structure details
- Specify testing and build procedures
- List environment requirements
- Document CI workflows and checks
- Include information about code quality standards
- Maintain up-to-date team practices
- Consider using OpenHands to generate a comprehensive repo.md (see [Creating a Repository Agent](#creating-a-repository-agent))
- YAML frontmatter is optional - files without frontmatter will be loaded with default settings
### Submission Process
1. Create your agent file in the appropriate directory:
- `microagents/` for expertise (public, shareable)
- Note: Repository-specific agents should remain in their respective repositories' `.openhands/microagents/` directory
2. Test thoroughly
3. Submit a pull request to OpenHands
## License
All microagents are subject to the same license as OpenHands. See the root LICENSE file for details.
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