"""Predict protein structure using Folding Studio."""

import hashlib
import logging
import os
from pathlib import Path

import gradio as gr
import numpy as np
import plotly.graph_objects as go
from Bio import SeqIO
from Bio.PDB import PDBIO, MMCIFParser
from folding_studio.client import Client
from folding_studio.query import Query
from folding_studio.query.boltz import BoltzQuery
from folding_studio.query.chai import ChaiQuery
from folding_studio.query.protenix import ProtenixQuery
from folding_studio_data_models import FoldingModel

from folding_studio_demo.model_fasta_validators import (
    BaseFastaValidator,
    BoltzFastaValidator,
    ChaiFastaValidator,
    ProtenixFastaValidator,
)

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

SEQUENCE_DIR = Path("sequences")
SEQUENCE_DIR.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)

OUTPUT_DIR = Path("output")
OUTPUT_DIR.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)


def convert_cif_to_pdb(cif_path: str, pdb_path: str) -> None:
    """Convert a .cif file to .pdb format using Biopython.

    Args:
        cif_path (str): Path to input .cif file
        pdb_path (str): Path to output .pdb file
    """
    # Parse the CIF file
    parser = MMCIFParser()
    structure = parser.get_structure("structure", cif_path)

    # Save as PDB
    io = PDBIO()
    io.set_structure(structure)
    io.save(pdb_path)


def add_plddt_plot(plddt_vals: list[float]) -> str:
    """Create a plot of metrics."""
    visible = True
    plddt_trace = go.Scatter(
        x=np.arange(len(plddt_vals)),
        y=plddt_vals,
        hovertemplate="<i>pLDDT</i>: %{y:.2f} <br><i>Residue index:</i> %{x}<br>",
        name="seq",
        visible=visible,
    )

    plddt_fig = go.Figure(data=[plddt_trace])
    plddt_fig.update_layout(
        title="pLDDT",
        xaxis_title="Residue index",
        yaxis_title="pLDDT",
        height=500,
        template="simple_white",
        legend=dict(yanchor="bottom", y=0.01, xanchor="left", x=0.99),
    )
    return plddt_fig


def _write_fasta_file(
    sequence: str, directory: Path = SEQUENCE_DIR
) -> tuple[str, Path]:
    """Write sequence to FASTA file.

    Args:
        sequence (str): Sequence to write to FASTA file
        directory (Path): Directory to write FASTA file to (default: SEQUENCE_DIR)

    Returns:
        tuple[str, Path]: Tuple containing the sequence ID and the path to the FASTA file
    """
    seq_id = hashlib.sha1(sequence.encode()).hexdigest()
    seq_file = directory / f"sequence_{seq_id}.fasta"
    with open(seq_file, "w") as f:
        f.write(sequence)
    return seq_id, seq_file


class AF3Model:
    def __init__(
        self, api_key: str, model_name: str, query: Query, validator: BaseFastaValidator
    ):
        self.api_key = api_key
        self.model_name = model_name
        self.query = query
        self.validator = validator

    def call(self, seq_file: Path | str, output_dir: Path) -> None:
        """Predict protein structure from amino acid sequence using AF3 model.

        Args:
            seq_file (Path | str): Path to FASTA file containing amino acid sequence
            output_dir (Path): Path to output directory
        """
        # Validate FASTA format before calling
        is_valid, error_msg = self.check_file_description(seq_file)
        if not is_valid:
            logger.error(error_msg)
            raise gr.Error(error_msg)

        # Create a client using API key
        logger.info("Authenticating client with API key")
        client = Client.from_api_key(api_key=self.api_key)

        # Define query
        query: Query = self.query.from_file(path=seq_file, query_name="gradio")
        query.save_parameters(output_dir)

        logger.info("Payload: %s", query.payload)

        # Send a request
        logger.info(f"Sending {self.model_name} request to Folding Studio API")
        response = client.send_request(
            query, project_code=os.environ["FOLDING_PROJECT_CODE"]
        )

        # Access confidence data
        logger.info("Confidence data: %s", response.confidence_data)

        response.download_results(output_dir=output_dir, force=True, unzip=True)
        logger.info("Results downloaded to %s", output_dir)

    def format_fasta(self, sequence: str) -> str:
        """Format sequence to FASTA format."""
        return f">{self.model_name}\n{sequence}"

    def predictions(self, output_dir: Path) -> list[Path]:
        """Get the path to the prediction."""
        raise NotImplementedError("Not implemented")

    def has_prediction(self, output_dir: Path) -> bool:
        """Check if prediction exists in output directory."""
        return any(self.predictions(output_dir))

    def check_file_description(self, seq_file: Path | str) -> tuple[bool, str | None]:
        """Check if the file description is correct.

        Args:
            seq_file (Path | str): Path to FASTA file

        Returns:
            tuple[bool, str | None]: Tuple containing a boolean indicating if the format is correct and an error message if not
        """
        input_rep = list(SeqIO.parse(seq_file, "fasta"))
        if not input_rep:
            error_msg = f"{self.model_name.upper()} Validation Error: No sequence found"
            return False, error_msg

        is_valid, error_msg = self.validator.is_valid_fasta(seq_file)
        if not is_valid:
            return False, error_msg

        return True, None


class ChaiModel(AF3Model):
    def __init__(self, api_key: str):
        super().__init__(api_key, "Chai", ChaiQuery, ChaiFastaValidator())

    def call(self, seq_file: Path | str, output_dir: Path) -> None:
        """Predict protein structure from amino acid sequence using Chai model.

        Args:
            seq_file (Path | str): Path to FASTA file containing amino acid sequence
            output_dir (Path): Path to output directory
        """
        super().call(seq_file, output_dir)

    def predictions(self, output_dir: Path) -> list[Path]:
        """Get the path to the prediction."""
        return list(output_dir.rglob("*_model_[0-9].cif"))


class ProtenixModel(AF3Model):
    def __init__(self, api_key: str):
        super().__init__(api_key, "Protenix", ProtenixQuery, ProtenixFastaValidator())

    def call(self, seq_file: Path | str, output_dir: Path) -> None:
        """Predict protein structure from amino acid sequence using Protenix model.

        Args:
            seq_file (Path | str): Path to FASTA file containing amino acid sequence
            output_dir (Path): Path to output directory
        """
        super().call(seq_file, output_dir)

    def predictions(self, output_dir: Path) -> list[Path]:
        """Get the path to the prediction."""
        return list(output_dir.rglob("*_model_[0-9].cif"))


class BoltzModel(AF3Model):
    def __init__(self, api_key: str):
        super().__init__(api_key, "Boltz", BoltzQuery, BoltzFastaValidator())

    def call(self, seq_file: Path | str, output_dir: Path) -> None:
        """Predict protein structure from amino acid sequence using Boltz model.

        Args:
            seq_file (Path | str): Path to FASTA file containing amino acid sequence
            output_dir (Path): Path to output directory
        """

        super().call(seq_file, output_dir)

    def predictions(self, output_dir: Path) -> list[Path]:
        """Get the path to the prediction."""
        return list(output_dir.rglob("*_model_[0-9].cif"))


def predict(sequence: str, api_key: str, model_type: FoldingModel) -> tuple[str, str]:
    """Predict protein structure from amino acid sequence using Boltz model.

    Args:
        sequence (str): Amino acid sequence to predict structure for
        api_key (str): Folding API key
        model (FoldingModel): Folding model to use

    Returns:
        tuple[str, str]: Tuple containing the path to the PDB file and the pLDDT plot
    """

    # Set up unique output directory based on sequence hash
    seq_id, seq_file = _write_fasta_file(sequence)
    output_dir = OUTPUT_DIR / seq_id / model_type
    output_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)

    if model_type == FoldingModel.BOLTZ:
        model = BoltzModel(api_key)
    elif model_type == FoldingModel.CHAI:
        model = ChaiModel(api_key)
    elif model_type == FoldingModel.PROTENIX:
        model = ProtenixModel(api_key)
    else:
        raise ValueError(f"Model {model_type} not supported")

    # Check if prediction already exists
    if not model.has_prediction(output_dir):
        # Run Boltz prediction
        logger.info(f"Predicting {seq_id}")
        model.call(seq_file=seq_file, output_dir=output_dir)
        logger.info("Prediction done. Output directory: %s", output_dir)
    else:
        logger.info("Prediction already exists. Output directory: %s", output_dir)

    # output_dir = Path("boltz_results")  # debug

    # Convert output CIF to PDB
    if not model.has_prediction(output_dir):
        raise gr.Error("No prediction found")

    pred_cif = model.predictions(output_dir)[0]
    logger.info("Output file: %s", pred_cif)

    converted_pdb_path = str(output_dir / f"pred_{seq_id}.pdb")
    convert_cif_to_pdb(str(pred_cif), str(converted_pdb_path))
    logger.info("Converted PDB file: %s", converted_pdb_path)

    plddt_file = list(pred_cif.parent.glob("plddt_*.npz"))[0]
    logger.info("plddt file: %s", plddt_file)
    plddt_vals = np.load(plddt_file)["plddt"]

    return converted_pdb_path, add_plddt_plot(plddt_vals=plddt_vals)