app.py

import io
import os
import re
import pickle
import base64
import tensorflow as tf
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import streamlit as st
import requests
import nltk
from PIL import Image
from poetpy import get_poetry
from nltk.corpus import stopwords
nltk.download('stopwords')

# CONTANTS
MAX_LENGTH = 40
# VOCABULARY_SIZE = 10000
BATCH_SIZE = 32
BUFFER_SIZE = 1000
EMBEDDING_DIM = 512
UNITS = 512


# LOADING DATA
vocab = pickle.load(open('saved_vocabulary/vocab_coco.file', 'rb'))

tokenizer = tf.keras.layers.TextVectorization(
    # max_tokens=VOCABULARY_SIZE,
    standardize=None,
    output_sequence_length=MAX_LENGTH,
    vocabulary=vocab
)

idx2word = tf.keras.layers.StringLookup(
    mask_token="",
    vocabulary=tokenizer.get_vocabulary(),
    invert=True
)


# MODEL
def CNN_Encoder():
    inception_v3 = tf.keras.applications.InceptionV3(
        include_top=False,
        weights='imagenet'
    )

    output = inception_v3.output
    output = tf.keras.layers.Reshape(
        (-1, output.shape[-1]))(output)

    cnn_model = tf.keras.models.Model(inception_v3.input, output)
    return cnn_model


class TransformerEncoderLayer(tf.keras.layers.Layer):

    def __init__(self, embed_dim, num_heads):
        super().__init__()
        self.layer_norm_1 = tf.keras.layers.LayerNormalization()
        self.layer_norm_2 = tf.keras.layers.LayerNormalization()
        self.attention = tf.keras.layers.MultiHeadAttention(
            num_heads=num_heads, key_dim=embed_dim)
        self.dense = tf.keras.layers.Dense(embed_dim, activation="relu")
    

    def call(self, x, training):
        x = self.layer_norm_1(x)
        x = self.dense(x)

        attn_output = self.attention(
            query=x,
            value=x,
            key=x,
            attention_mask=None,
            training=training
        )

        x = self.layer_norm_2(x + attn_output)
        return x


class Embeddings(tf.keras.layers.Layer):

    def __init__(self, vocab_size, embed_dim, max_len):
        super().__init__()
        self.token_embeddings = tf.keras.layers.Embedding(
            vocab_size, embed_dim)
        self.position_embeddings = tf.keras.layers.Embedding(
            max_len, embed_dim, input_shape=(None, max_len))
    

    def call(self, input_ids):
        length = tf.shape(input_ids)[-1]
        position_ids = tf.range(start=0, limit=length, delta=1)
        position_ids = tf.expand_dims(position_ids, axis=0)

        token_embeddings = self.token_embeddings(input_ids)
        position_embeddings = self.position_embeddings(position_ids)

        return token_embeddings + position_embeddings


class TransformerDecoderLayer(tf.keras.layers.Layer):

    def __init__(self, embed_dim, units, num_heads):
        super().__init__()
        self.embedding = Embeddings(
            tokenizer.vocabulary_size(), embed_dim, MAX_LENGTH)

        self.attention_1 = tf.keras.layers.MultiHeadAttention(
            num_heads=num_heads, key_dim=embed_dim, dropout=0.1
        )
        self.attention_2 = tf.keras.layers.MultiHeadAttention(
            num_heads=num_heads, key_dim=embed_dim, dropout=0.1
        )

        self.layernorm_1 = tf.keras.layers.LayerNormalization()
        self.layernorm_2 = tf.keras.layers.LayerNormalization()
        self.layernorm_3 = tf.keras.layers.LayerNormalization()

        self.ffn_layer_1 = tf.keras.layers.Dense(units, activation="relu")
        self.ffn_layer_2 = tf.keras.layers.Dense(embed_dim)

        self.out = tf.keras.layers.Dense(tokenizer.vocabulary_size(), activation="softmax")

        self.dropout_1 = tf.keras.layers.Dropout(0.3)
        self.dropout_2 = tf.keras.layers.Dropout(0.5)
    

    def call(self, input_ids, encoder_output, training, mask=None):
        embeddings = self.embedding(input_ids)

        combined_mask = None
        padding_mask = None
        
        if mask is not None:
            causal_mask = self.get_causal_attention_mask(embeddings)
            padding_mask = tf.cast(mask[:, :, tf.newaxis], dtype=tf.int32)
            combined_mask = tf.cast(mask[:, tf.newaxis, :], dtype=tf.int32)
            combined_mask = tf.minimum(combined_mask, causal_mask)

        attn_output_1 = self.attention_1(
            query=embeddings,
            value=embeddings,
            key=embeddings,
            attention_mask=combined_mask,
            training=training
        )

        out_1 = self.layernorm_1(embeddings + attn_output_1)

        attn_output_2 = self.attention_2(
            query=out_1,
            value=encoder_output,
            key=encoder_output,
            attention_mask=padding_mask,
            training=training
        )

        out_2 = self.layernorm_2(out_1 + attn_output_2)

        ffn_out = self.ffn_layer_1(out_2)
        ffn_out = self.dropout_1(ffn_out, training=training)
        ffn_out = self.ffn_layer_2(ffn_out)

        ffn_out = self.layernorm_3(ffn_out + out_2)
        ffn_out = self.dropout_2(ffn_out, training=training)
        preds = self.out(ffn_out)
        return preds


    def get_causal_attention_mask(self, inputs):
        input_shape = tf.shape(inputs)
        batch_size, sequence_length = input_shape[0], input_shape[1]
        i = tf.range(sequence_length)[:, tf.newaxis]
        j = tf.range(sequence_length)
        mask = tf.cast(i >= j, dtype="int32")
        mask = tf.reshape(mask, (1, input_shape[1], input_shape[1]))
        mult = tf.concat(
            [tf.expand_dims(batch_size, -1), tf.constant([1, 1], dtype=tf.int32)],
            axis=0
        )
        return tf.tile(mask, mult)


class ImageCaptioningModel(tf.keras.Model):

    def __init__(self, cnn_model, encoder, decoder, image_aug=None):
        super().__init__()
        self.cnn_model = cnn_model
        self.encoder = encoder
        self.decoder = decoder
        self.image_aug = image_aug
        self.loss_tracker = tf.keras.metrics.Mean(name="loss")
        self.acc_tracker = tf.keras.metrics.Mean(name="accuracy")


    def calculate_loss(self, y_true, y_pred, mask):
        loss = self.loss(y_true, y_pred)
        mask = tf.cast(mask, dtype=loss.dtype)
        loss *= mask
        return tf.reduce_sum(loss) / tf.reduce_sum(mask)


    def calculate_accuracy(self, y_true, y_pred, mask):
        accuracy = tf.equal(y_true, tf.argmax(y_pred, axis=2))
        accuracy = tf.math.logical_and(mask, accuracy)
        accuracy = tf.cast(accuracy, dtype=tf.float32)
        mask = tf.cast(mask, dtype=tf.float32)
        return tf.reduce_sum(accuracy) / tf.reduce_sum(mask)
    

    def compute_loss_and_acc(self, img_embed, captions, training=True):
        encoder_output = self.encoder(img_embed, training=True)
        y_input = captions[:, :-1]
        y_true = captions[:, 1:]
        mask = (y_true != 0)
        y_pred = self.decoder(
            y_input, encoder_output, training=True, mask=mask
        )
        loss = self.calculate_loss(y_true, y_pred, mask)
        acc = self.calculate_accuracy(y_true, y_pred, mask)
        return loss, acc

    
    def train_step(self, batch):
        imgs, captions = batch

        if self.image_aug:
            imgs = self.image_aug(imgs)
        
        img_embed = self.cnn_model(imgs)

        with tf.GradientTape() as tape:
            loss, acc = self.compute_loss_and_acc(
                img_embed, captions
            )
    
        train_vars = (
            self.encoder.trainable_variables + self.decoder.trainable_variables
        )
        grads = tape.gradient(loss, train_vars)
        self.optimizer.apply_gradients(zip(grads, train_vars))
        self.loss_tracker.update_state(loss)
        self.acc_tracker.update_state(acc)

        return {"loss": self.loss_tracker.result(), "acc": self.acc_tracker.result()}
    

    def test_step(self, batch):
        imgs, captions = batch

        img_embed = self.cnn_model(imgs)

        loss, acc = self.compute_loss_and_acc(
            img_embed, captions, training=False
        )

        self.loss_tracker.update_state(loss)
        self.acc_tracker.update_state(acc)

        return {"loss": self.loss_tracker.result(), "acc": self.acc_tracker.result()}

    @property
    def metrics(self):
        return [self.loss_tracker, self.acc_tracker]


def load_image_from_path(img_path):
    img = tf.io.read_file(img_path)
    img = tf.io.decode_jpeg(img, channels=3)
    img = tf.keras.layers.Resizing(299, 299)(img)
    img = tf.keras.applications.inception_v3.preprocess_input(img)
    return img


def generate_caption(img, caption_model, add_noise=False):
    if isinstance(img, str):
        img = load_image_from_path(img)
    
    if add_noise == True:
        noise = tf.random.normal(img.shape)*0.1
        img = (img + noise)
        img = (img - tf.reduce_min(img))/(tf.reduce_max(img) - tf.reduce_min(img))
    
    img = tf.expand_dims(img, axis=0)
    img_embed = caption_model.cnn_model(img)
    img_encoded = caption_model.encoder(img_embed, training=False)

    y_inp = '[start]'
    for i in range(MAX_LENGTH-1):
        tokenized = tokenizer([y_inp])[:, :-1]
        mask = tf.cast(tokenized != 0, tf.int32)
        pred = caption_model.decoder(
            tokenized, img_encoded, training=False, mask=mask)
        
        pred_idx = np.argmax(pred[0, i, :])
        pred_word = idx2word(pred_idx).numpy().decode('utf-8')
        if pred_word == '[end]':
            break
        
        y_inp += ' ' + pred_word
    
    y_inp = y_inp.replace('[start] ', '')
    return y_inp


def get_caption_model():
    encoder = TransformerEncoderLayer(EMBEDDING_DIM, 1)
    decoder = TransformerDecoderLayer(EMBEDDING_DIM, UNITS, 8)

    cnn_model = CNN_Encoder()

    caption_model = ImageCaptioningModel(
        cnn_model=cnn_model, encoder=encoder, decoder=decoder, image_aug=None,
    )

    def call_fn(batch, training):
        return batch

    caption_model.call = call_fn
    sample_x, sample_y = tf.random.normal((1, 299, 299, 3)), tf.zeros((1, 40))

    caption_model((sample_x, sample_y))

    sample_img_embed = caption_model.cnn_model(sample_x)
    sample_enc_out = caption_model.encoder(sample_img_embed, training=False)
    caption_model.decoder(sample_y, sample_enc_out, training=False)

    try:
        caption_model.load_weights('saved_models/image_captioning_coco_weights.h5')
    except FileNotFoundError:
        caption_model.load_weights('Image-Captioning/saved_models/image_captioning_coco_weights.h5')

    return caption_model

#part-2

@st.cache_resource
def get_model():
    return get_caption_model()

caption_model = get_model()

@st.cache_data
def extract_important_term(caption):
    # Remove stopwords
    stop_words = set(stopwords.words('english'))
    words = caption.lower().split()
    filtered_words = [word for word in words if word not in stop_words]

    # Find the longest word
    important_term = max(filtered_words, key=len)

    return important_term


def generate_poem(word, num_lines):
    # Retrieve poetry lines containing the given word
    poetry_lines = get_poetry('lines', word)

    # Filter out the lines that don't contain the word
    selected_lines = []
    for poem in poetry_lines:
        lines = poem['lines']
        for line in lines:
            if word.lower() in line.lower():
                selected_lines.append(line)

    # Select num_lines lines from the retrieved poetry lines
    selected_lines = selected_lines[:num_lines]

    return selected_lines


def predict(term_col, poem_col):
    pred_caption = generate_caption('tmp.jpg', caption_model)
    # Extract the important term
    important_term = extract_important_term(pred_caption)
    
    # Generate poem using poetpy
    poem_lines = generate_poem(important_term, num_lines=10)

    # Display the poem
    
    poem_col.markdown('#### Generated Poem:')
    poem_col.markdown('<div class="poem-container">', unsafe_allow_html=True)
    for line in poem_lines:
        poem_col.markdown(f'<div class="poem-line" style="color: #FF4500; background-color: #ADD8E6; padding: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; font-family: \'Palatino Linotype\', \'Book Antiqua\', Palatino, serif;">{line}</div>', unsafe_allow_html=True)
    poem_col.markdown('</div>', unsafe_allow_html=True)


   
st.markdown('<h1 style="text-align:center; font-family:Comic Sans MS; width:fit-content; font-size:3em; color:green; text-shadow: 2px 2px 4px #000000;">AUTO POEM GENERATOR</h1>', unsafe_allow_html=True)
col1, col2 = st.columns(2)

# Image URL input
img_url = st.text_input(label='Enter Image URL')

# Image upload input
img_upload = st.file_uploader(label='Upload Image', type=['jpg', 'png', 'jpeg'])

# Process image and generate poem
if img_url:
    img = Image.open(requests.get(img_url, stream=True).raw)
    img = img.convert('RGB')
    col1.image(img, caption="Input Image", use_column_width=True)
    img.save('tmp.jpg')
    predict(col1, col2)

    st.markdown('<center style="opacity: 70%">OR</center>', unsafe_allow_html=True)

elif img_upload:
    img = img_upload.read()
    img = Image.open(io.BytesIO(img))
    img = img.convert('RGB')
    col1.image(img, caption="Input Image", use_column_width=True)
    img.save('tmp.jpg')
    predict(col1, col2)

    
# Remove temporary image file
if img_url or img_upload:
    os.remove('tmp.jpg')