# YOLOv5 🚀 by Ultralytics, GPL-3.0 license
"""
Train a YOLOv5 model on a custom dataset
Usage:
$ python path/to/train.py --data coco128.yaml --weights yolov5s.pt --img 640
"""
import argparse
import logging
import math
import os
import random
import sys
import time
from copy import deepcopy
from pathlib import Path
import numpy as np
import torch
import torch.distributed as dist
import torch.nn as nn
import yaml
from torch.cuda import amp
from torch.nn.parallel import DistributedDataParallel as DDP
from torch.optim import SGD, Adam, lr_scheduler
from tqdm import tqdm
FILE = Path(__file__).absolute()
sys.path.append(FILE.parents[0].as_posix()) # add yolov5/ to path
import val # for end-of-epoch mAP
from models.experimental import attempt_load
from models.yolo import Model
from utils.autoanchor import check_anchors
from utils.callbacks import Callbacks
from utils.datasets import create_dataloader
from utils.downloads import attempt_download
from utils.general import (
check_dataset,
check_file,
check_git_status,
check_img_size,
check_requirements,
check_suffix,
check_yaml,
colorstr,
get_latest_run,
increment_path,
init_seeds,
labels_to_class_weights,
labels_to_image_weights,
methods,
one_cycle,
print_mutation,
set_logging,
strip_optimizer,
)
from utils.loggers import Loggers
from utils.loggers.wandb.wandb_utils import check_wandb_resume
from utils.loss import ComputeLoss
from utils.metrics import fitness
from utils.plots import plot_evolve, plot_labels
from utils.torch_utils import (
EarlyStopping,
ModelEMA,
de_parallel,
intersect_dicts,
select_device,
torch_distributed_zero_first,
)
LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
LOCAL_RANK = int(
os.getenv("LOCAL_RANK", -1)
) # https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/elastic/run.html
RANK = int(os.getenv("RANK", -1))
WORLD_SIZE = int(os.getenv("WORLD_SIZE", 1))
def train(hyp, opt, device, callbacks): # path/to/hyp.yaml or hyp dictionary
(
save_dir,
epochs,
batch_size,
weights,
single_cls,
evolve,
data,
cfg,
resume,
noval,
nosave,
workers,
freeze,
) = (
Path(opt.save_dir),
opt.epochs,
opt.batch_size,
opt.weights,
opt.single_cls,
opt.evolve,
opt.data,
opt.cfg,
opt.resume,
opt.noval,
opt.nosave,
opt.workers,
opt.freeze,
)
# Directories
w = save_dir / "weights" # weights dir
w.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True) # make dir
last, best = w / "last.pt", w / "best.pt"
# Hyperparameters
if isinstance(hyp, str):
with open(hyp) as f:
hyp = yaml.safe_load(f) # load hyps dict
LOGGER.info(
colorstr("hyperparameters: ")
+ ", ".join(f"{k}={v}" for k, v in hyp.items())
)
# Save run settings
with open(save_dir / "hyp.yaml", "w") as f:
yaml.safe_dump(hyp, f, sort_keys=False)
with open(save_dir / "opt.yaml", "w") as f:
yaml.safe_dump(vars(opt), f, sort_keys=False)
data_dict = None
# Loggers
if RANK in [-1, 0]:
loggers = Loggers(
save_dir, weights, opt, hyp, LOGGER
) # loggers instance
if loggers.wandb:
data_dict = loggers.wandb.data_dict
if resume:
weights, epochs, hyp = opt.weights, opt.epochs, opt.hyp
# Register actions
for k in methods(loggers):
callbacks.register_action(k, callback=getattr(loggers, k))
# Config
plots = not evolve # create plots
cuda = device.type != "cpu"
init_seeds(1 + RANK)
with torch_distributed_zero_first(RANK):
data_dict = data_dict or check_dataset(data) # check if None
train_path, val_path = data_dict["train"], data_dict["val"]
nc = 1 if single_cls else int(data_dict["nc"]) # number of classes
names = (
["item"]
if single_cls and len(data_dict["names"]) != 1
else data_dict["names"]
) # class names
assert (
len(names) == nc
), f"{len(names)} names found for nc={nc} dataset in {data}" # check
is_coco = data.endswith("coco.yaml") and nc == 80 # COCO dataset
# Model
check_suffix(weights, ".pt") # check weights
pretrained = weights.endswith(".pt")
if pretrained:
with torch_distributed_zero_first(RANK):
weights = attempt_download(
weights
) # download if not found locally
ckpt = torch.load(weights, map_location=device) # load checkpoint
model = Model(
cfg or ckpt["model"].yaml, ch=3, nc=nc, anchors=hyp.get("anchors")
).to(
device
) # create
exclude = (
["anchor"] if (cfg or hyp.get("anchors")) and not resume else []
) # exclude keys
csd = (
ckpt["model"].float().state_dict()
) # checkpoint state_dict as FP32
csd = intersect_dicts(
csd, model.state_dict(), exclude=exclude
) # intersect
model.load_state_dict(csd, strict=False) # load
LOGGER.info(
f"Transferred {len(csd)}/{len(model.state_dict())} items from {weights}"
) # report
else:
model = Model(cfg, ch=3, nc=nc, anchors=hyp.get("anchors")).to(
device
) # create
# Freeze
freeze = [f"model.{x}." for x in range(freeze)] # layers to freeze
for k, v in model.named_parameters():
v.requires_grad = True # train all layers
if any(x in k for x in freeze):
print(f"freezing {k}")
v.requires_grad = False
# Optimizer
nbs = 64 # nominal batch size
accumulate = max(
round(nbs / batch_size), 1
) # accumulate loss before optimizing
hyp["weight_decay"] *= batch_size * accumulate / nbs # scale weight_decay
LOGGER.info(f"Scaled weight_decay = {hyp['weight_decay']}")
g0, g1, g2 = [], [], [] # optimizer parameter groups
for v in model.modules():
if hasattr(v, "bias") and isinstance(v.bias, nn.Parameter): # bias
g2.append(v.bias)
if isinstance(v, nn.BatchNorm2d): # weight (no decay)
g0.append(v.weight)
elif hasattr(v, "weight") and isinstance(
v.weight, nn.Parameter
): # weight (with decay)
g1.append(v.weight)
if opt.adam:
optimizer = Adam(
g0, lr=hyp["lr0"], betas=(hyp["momentum"], 0.999)
) # adjust beta1 to momentum
else:
optimizer = SGD(
g0, lr=hyp["lr0"], momentum=hyp["momentum"], nesterov=True
)
optimizer.add_param_group(
{"params": g1, "weight_decay": hyp["weight_decay"]}
) # add g1 with weight_decay
optimizer.add_param_group({"params": g2}) # add g2 (biases)
LOGGER.info(
f"{colorstr('optimizer:')} {type(optimizer).__name__} with parameter groups "
f"{len(g0)} weight, {len(g1)} weight (no decay), {len(g2)} bias"
)
del g0, g1, g2
# Scheduler
if opt.linear_lr:
lf = (
lambda x: (1 - x / (epochs - 1)) * (1.0 - hyp["lrf"]) + hyp["lrf"]
) # linear
else:
lf = one_cycle(1, hyp["lrf"], epochs) # cosine 1->hyp['lrf']
scheduler = lr_scheduler.LambdaLR(
optimizer, lr_lambda=lf
) # plot_lr_scheduler(optimizer, scheduler, epochs)
# EMA
ema = ModelEMA(model) if RANK in [-1, 0] else None
# Resume
start_epoch, best_fitness = 0, 0.0
if pretrained:
# Optimizer
if ckpt["optimizer"] is not None:
optimizer.load_state_dict(ckpt["optimizer"])
best_fitness = ckpt["best_fitness"]
# EMA
if ema and ckpt.get("ema"):
ema.ema.load_state_dict(ckpt["ema"].float().state_dict())
ema.updates = ckpt["updates"]
# Epochs
start_epoch = ckpt["epoch"] + 1
if resume:
assert (
start_epoch > 0
), f"{weights} training to {epochs} epochs is finished, nothing to resume."
if epochs < start_epoch:
LOGGER.info(
f"{weights} has been trained for {ckpt['epoch']} epochs. Fine-tuning for {epochs} more epochs."
)
epochs += ckpt["epoch"] # finetune additional epochs
del ckpt, csd
# Image sizes
gs = max(int(model.stride.max()), 32) # grid size (max stride)
nl = model.model[
-1
].nl # number of detection layers (used for scaling hyp['obj'])
imgsz = check_img_size(
opt.imgsz, gs, floor=gs * 2
) # verify imgsz is gs-multiple
# DP mode
if cuda and RANK == -1 and torch.cuda.device_count() > 1:
logging.warning(
"DP not recommended, instead use torch.distributed.run for best DDP Multi-GPU results.\n"
"See Multi-GPU Tutorial at https://github.com/ultralytics/yolov5/issues/475 to get started."
)
model = torch.nn.DataParallel(model)
# SyncBatchNorm
if opt.sync_bn and cuda and RANK != -1:
model = torch.nn.SyncBatchNorm.convert_sync_batchnorm(model).to(device)
LOGGER.info("Using SyncBatchNorm()")
# Trainloader
train_loader, dataset = create_dataloader(
train_path,
imgsz,
batch_size // WORLD_SIZE,
gs,
single_cls,
hyp=hyp,
augment=True,
cache=opt.cache,
rect=opt.rect,
rank=RANK,
workers=workers,
image_weights=opt.image_weights,
quad=opt.quad,
prefix=colorstr("train: "),
)
mlc = int(np.concatenate(dataset.labels, 0)[:, 0].max()) # max label class
nb = len(train_loader) # number of batches
assert (
mlc < nc
), f"Label class {mlc} exceeds nc={nc} in {data}. Possible class labels are 0-{nc - 1}"
# Process 0
if RANK in [-1, 0]:
val_loader = create_dataloader(
val_path,
imgsz,
batch_size // WORLD_SIZE * 2,
gs,
single_cls,
hyp=hyp,
cache=None if noval else opt.cache,
rect=True,
rank=-1,
workers=workers,
pad=0.5,
prefix=colorstr("val: "),
)[0]
if not resume:
labels = np.concatenate(dataset.labels, 0)
# c = torch.tensor(labels[:, 0]) # classes
# cf = torch.bincount(c.long(), minlength=nc) + 1. # frequency
# model._initialize_biases(cf.to(device))
if plots:
plot_labels(labels, names, save_dir)
# Anchors
if not opt.noautoanchor:
check_anchors(
dataset, model=model, thr=hyp["anchor_t"], imgsz=imgsz
)
model.half().float() # pre-reduce anchor precision
callbacks.run("on_pretrain_routine_end")
# DDP mode
if cuda and RANK != -1:
model = DDP(model, device_ids=[LOCAL_RANK], output_device=LOCAL_RANK)
# Model parameters
hyp["box"] *= 3.0 / nl # scale to layers
hyp["cls"] *= nc / 80.0 * 3.0 / nl # scale to classes and layers
hyp["obj"] *= (
(imgsz / 640) ** 2 * 3.0 / nl
) # scale to image size and layers
hyp["label_smoothing"] = opt.label_smoothing
model.nc = nc # attach number of classes to model
model.hyp = hyp # attach hyperparameters to model
model.class_weights = (
labels_to_class_weights(dataset.labels, nc).to(device) * nc
) # attach class weights
model.names = names
# Start training
t0 = time.time()
nw = max(
round(hyp["warmup_epochs"] * nb), 1000
) # number of warmup iterations, max(3 epochs, 1k iterations)
# nw = min(nw, (epochs - start_epoch) / 2 * nb) # limit warmup to < 1/2 of training
last_opt_step = -1
maps = np.zeros(nc) # mAP per class
results = (
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
) # P, R, mAP@.5, mAP@.5-.95, val_loss(box, obj, cls)
scheduler.last_epoch = start_epoch - 1 # do not move
scaler = amp.GradScaler(enabled=cuda)
stopper = EarlyStopping(patience=opt.patience)
compute_loss = ComputeLoss(model) # init loss class
LOGGER.info(
f"Image sizes {imgsz} train, {imgsz} val\n"
f"Using {train_loader.num_workers} dataloader workers\n"
f"Logging results to {colorstr('bold', save_dir)}\n"
f"Starting training for {epochs} epochs..."
)
for epoch in range(
start_epoch, epochs
): # epoch ------------------------------------------------------------------
model.train()
# Update image weights (optional, single-GPU only)
if opt.image_weights:
cw = (
model.class_weights.cpu().numpy() * (1 - maps) ** 2 / nc
) # class weights
iw = labels_to_image_weights(
dataset.labels, nc=nc, class_weights=cw
) # image weights
dataset.indices = random.choices(
range(dataset.n), weights=iw, k=dataset.n
) # rand weighted idx
# Update mosaic border (optional)
# b = int(random.uniform(0.25 * imgsz, 0.75 * imgsz + gs) // gs * gs)
# dataset.mosaic_border = [b - imgsz, -b] # height, width borders
mloss = torch.zeros(3, device=device) # mean losses
if RANK != -1:
train_loader.sampler.set_epoch(epoch)
pbar = enumerate(train_loader)
LOGGER.info(
("\n" + "%10s" * 7)
% ("Epoch", "gpu_mem", "box", "obj", "cls", "labels", "img_size")
)
if RANK in [-1, 0]:
pbar = tqdm(pbar, total=nb) # progress bar
optimizer.zero_grad()
for i, (
imgs,
targets,
paths,
_,
) in (
pbar
): # batch -------------------------------------------------------------
ni = (
i + nb * epoch
) # number integrated batches (since train start)
imgs = (
imgs.to(device, non_blocking=True).float() / 255.0
) # uint8 to float32, 0-255 to 0.0-1.0
# Warmup
if ni <= nw:
xi = [0, nw] # x interp
# compute_loss.gr = np.interp(ni, xi, [0.0, 1.0]) # iou loss ratio (obj_loss = 1.0 or iou)
accumulate = max(
1, np.interp(ni, xi, [1, nbs / batch_size]).round()
)
for j, x in enumerate(optimizer.param_groups):
# bias lr falls from 0.1 to lr0, all other lrs rise from 0.0 to lr0
x["lr"] = np.interp(
ni,
xi,
[
hyp["warmup_bias_lr"] if j == 2 else 0.0,
x["initial_lr"] * lf(epoch),
],
)
if "momentum" in x:
x["momentum"] = np.interp(
ni, xi, [hyp["warmup_momentum"], hyp["momentum"]]
)
# Multi-scale
if opt.multi_scale:
sz = (
random.randrange(imgsz * 0.5, imgsz * 1.5 + gs) // gs * gs
) # size
sf = sz / max(imgs.shape[2:]) # scale factor
if sf != 1:
ns = [
math.ceil(x * sf / gs) * gs for x in imgs.shape[2:]
] # new shape (stretched to gs-multiple)
imgs = nn.functional.interpolate(
imgs, size=ns, mode="bilinear", align_corners=False
)
# Forward
with amp.autocast(enabled=cuda):
pred = model(imgs) # forward
loss, loss_items = compute_loss(
pred, targets.to(device)
) # loss scaled by batch_size
if RANK != -1:
loss *= WORLD_SIZE # gradient averaged between devices in DDP mode
if opt.quad:
loss *= 4.0
# Backward
scaler.scale(loss).backward()
# Optimize
if ni - last_opt_step >= accumulate:
scaler.step(optimizer) # optimizer.step
scaler.update()
optimizer.zero_grad()
if ema:
ema.update(model)
last_opt_step = ni
# Log
if RANK in [-1, 0]:
mloss = (mloss * i + loss_items) / (
i + 1
) # update mean losses
mem = f"{torch.cuda.memory_reserved() / 1E9 if torch.cuda.is_available() else 0:.3g}G" # (GB)
pbar.set_description(
("%10s" * 2 + "%10.4g" * 5)
% (
f"{epoch}/{epochs - 1}",
mem,
*mloss,
targets.shape[0],
imgs.shape[-1],
)
)
callbacks.run(
"on_train_batch_end",
ni,
model,
imgs,
targets,
paths,
plots,
opt.sync_bn,
)
# end batch ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Scheduler
lr = [x["lr"] for x in optimizer.param_groups] # for loggers
scheduler.step()
if RANK in [-1, 0]:
# mAP
callbacks.run("on_train_epoch_end", epoch=epoch)
ema.update_attr(
model,
include=[
"yaml",
"nc",
"hyp",
"names",
"stride",
"class_weights",
],
)
final_epoch = (epoch + 1 == epochs) or stopper.possible_stop
if not noval or final_epoch: # Calculate mAP
results, maps, _ = val.run(
data_dict,
batch_size=batch_size // WORLD_SIZE * 2,
imgsz=imgsz,
model=ema.ema,
single_cls=single_cls,
dataloader=val_loader,
save_dir=save_dir,
save_json=is_coco and final_epoch,
verbose=nc < 50 and final_epoch,
plots=plots and final_epoch,
callbacks=callbacks,
compute_loss=compute_loss,
)
# Update best mAP
fi = fitness(
np.array(results).reshape(1, -1)
) # weighted combination of [P, R, mAP@.5, mAP@.5-.95]
if fi > best_fitness:
best_fitness = fi
log_vals = list(mloss) + list(results) + lr
callbacks.run(
"on_fit_epoch_end", log_vals, epoch, best_fitness, fi
)
# Save model
if (not nosave) or (final_epoch and not evolve): # if save
ckpt = {
"epoch": epoch,
"best_fitness": best_fitness,
"model": deepcopy(de_parallel(model)).half(),
"ema": deepcopy(ema.ema).half(),
"updates": ema.updates,
"optimizer": optimizer.state_dict(),
"wandb_id": loggers.wandb.wandb_run.id
if loggers.wandb
else None,
}
# Save last, best and delete
torch.save(ckpt, last)
if best_fitness == fi:
torch.save(ckpt, best)
del ckpt
callbacks.run(
"on_model_save", last, epoch, final_epoch, best_fitness, fi
)
# Stop Single-GPU
if RANK == -1 and stopper(epoch=epoch, fitness=fi):
break
# Stop DDP TODO: known issues shttps://github.com/ultralytics/yolov5/pull/4576
# stop = stopper(epoch=epoch, fitness=fi)
# if RANK == 0:
# dist.broadcast_object_list([stop], 0) # broadcast 'stop' to all ranks
# Stop DPP
# with torch_distributed_zero_first(RANK):
# if stop:
# break # must break all DDP ranks
# end epoch ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# end training -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if RANK in [-1, 0]:
LOGGER.info(
f"\n{epoch - start_epoch + 1} epochs completed in {(time.time() - t0) / 3600:.3f} hours."
)
if not evolve:
if is_coco: # COCO dataset
for m in (
[last, best] if best.exists() else [last]
): # speed, mAP tests
results, _, _ = val.run(
data_dict,
batch_size=batch_size // WORLD_SIZE * 2,
imgsz=imgsz,
model=attempt_load(m, device).half(),
iou_thres=0.7, # NMS IoU threshold for best pycocotools results
single_cls=single_cls,
dataloader=val_loader,
save_dir=save_dir,
save_json=True,
plots=False,
)
# Strip optimizers
for f in last, best:
if f.exists():
strip_optimizer(f) # strip optimizers
callbacks.run("on_train_end", last, best, plots, epoch)
LOGGER.info(f"Results saved to {colorstr('bold', save_dir)}")
torch.cuda.empty_cache()
return results
def parse_opt(known=False):
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument(
"--weights",
type=str,
default="yolov5s.pt",
help="initial weights path",
)
parser.add_argument("--cfg", type=str, default="", help="model.yaml path")
parser.add_argument(
"--data",
type=str,
default="data/coco128.yaml",
help="dataset.yaml path",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--hyp",
type=str,
default="data/hyps/hyp.scratch.yaml",
help="hyperparameters path",
)
parser.add_argument("--epochs", type=int, default=300)
parser.add_argument(
"--batch-size",
type=int,
default=16,
help="total batch size for all GPUs",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--imgsz",
"--img",
"--img-size",
type=int,
default=640,
help="train, val image size (pixels)",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--rect", action="store_true", help="rectangular training"
)
parser.add_argument(
"--resume",
nargs="?",
const=True,
default=False,
help="resume most recent training",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--nosave", action="store_true", help="only save final checkpoint"
)
parser.add_argument(
"--noval", action="store_true", help="only validate final epoch"
)
parser.add_argument(
"--noautoanchor", action="store_true", help="disable autoanchor check"
)
parser.add_argument(
"--evolve",
type=int,
nargs="?",
const=300,
help="evolve hyperparameters for x generations",
)
parser.add_argument("--bucket", type=str, default="", help="gsutil bucket")
parser.add_argument(
"--cache",
type=str,
nargs="?",
const="ram",
help='--cache images in "ram" (default) or "disk"',
)
parser.add_argument(
"--image-weights",
action="store_true",
help="use weighted image selection for training",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--device", default="", help="cuda device, i.e. 0 or 0,1,2,3 or cpu"
)
parser.add_argument(
"--multi-scale", action="store_true", help="vary img-size +/- 50%%"
)
parser.add_argument(
"--single-cls",
action="store_true",
help="train multi-class data as single-class",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--adam", action="store_true", help="use torch.optim.Adam() optimizer"
)
parser.add_argument(
"--sync-bn",
action="store_true",
help="use SyncBatchNorm, only available in DDP mode",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--workers",
type=int,
default=8,
help="maximum number of dataloader workers",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--project", default="runs/train", help="save to project/name"
)
parser.add_argument("--entity", default=None, help="W&B entity")
parser.add_argument("--name", default="exp", help="save to project/name")
parser.add_argument(
"--exist-ok",
action="store_true",
help="existing project/name ok, do not increment",
)
parser.add_argument("--quad", action="store_true", help="quad dataloader")
parser.add_argument("--linear-lr", action="store_true", help="linear LR")
parser.add_argument(
"--label-smoothing",
type=float,
default=0.0,
help="Label smoothing epsilon",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--upload_dataset",
action="store_true",
help="Upload dataset as W&B artifact table",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--bbox_interval",
type=int,
default=-1,
help="Set bounding-box image logging interval for W&B",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--save_period",
type=int,
default=-1,
help='Log model after every "save_period" epoch',
)
parser.add_argument(
"--artifact_alias",
type=str,
default="latest",
help="version of dataset artifact to be used",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--local_rank",
type=int,
default=-1,
help="DDP parameter, do not modify",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--freeze",
type=int,
default=0,
help="Number of layers to freeze. backbone=10, all=24",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--patience",
type=int,
default=100,
help="EarlyStopping patience (epochs without improvement)",
)
opt = parser.parse_known_args()[0] if known else parser.parse_args()
return opt
def main(opt, callbacks=Callbacks()):
# Checks
set_logging(RANK)
if RANK in [-1, 0]:
print(
colorstr("train: ")
+ ", ".join(f"{k}={v}" for k, v in vars(opt).items())
)
check_git_status()
check_requirements(
requirements=FILE.parent / "requirements.txt", exclude=["thop"]
)
# Resume
if (
opt.resume and not check_wandb_resume(opt) and not opt.evolve
): # resume an interrupted run
ckpt = (
opt.resume if isinstance(opt.resume, str) else get_latest_run()
) # specified or most recent path
assert os.path.isfile(
ckpt
), "ERROR: --resume checkpoint does not exist"
with open(Path(ckpt).parent.parent / "opt.yaml") as f:
opt = argparse.Namespace(**yaml.safe_load(f)) # replace
opt.cfg, opt.weights, opt.resume = "", ckpt, True # reinstate
LOGGER.info(f"Resuming training from {ckpt}")
else:
opt.data, opt.cfg, opt.hyp = (
check_file(opt.data),
check_yaml(opt.cfg),
check_yaml(opt.hyp),
) # check YAMLs
assert len(opt.cfg) or len(
opt.weights
), "either --cfg or --weights must be specified"
if opt.evolve:
opt.project = "runs/evolve"
opt.exist_ok = opt.resume
opt.save_dir = str(
increment_path(Path(opt.project) / opt.name, exist_ok=opt.exist_ok)
)
# DDP mode
device = select_device(opt.device, batch_size=opt.batch_size)
if LOCAL_RANK != -1:
from datetime import timedelta
assert (
torch.cuda.device_count() > LOCAL_RANK
), "insufficient CUDA devices for DDP command"
assert (
opt.batch_size % WORLD_SIZE == 0
), "--batch-size must be multiple of CUDA device count"
assert (
not opt.image_weights
), "--image-weights argument is not compatible with DDP training"
assert (
not opt.evolve
), "--evolve argument is not compatible with DDP training"
torch.cuda.set_device(LOCAL_RANK)
device = torch.device("cuda", LOCAL_RANK)
dist.init_process_group(
backend="nccl" if dist.is_nccl_available() else "gloo"
)
# Train
if not opt.evolve:
train(opt.hyp, opt, device, callbacks)
if WORLD_SIZE > 1 and RANK == 0:
_ = [
print("Destroying process group... ", end=""),
dist.destroy_process_group(),
print("Done."),
]
# Evolve hyperparameters (optional)
else:
# Hyperparameter evolution metadata (mutation scale 0-1, lower_limit, upper_limit)
meta = {
"lr0": (
1,
1e-5,
1e-1,
), # initial learning rate (SGD=1E-2, Adam=1E-3)
"lrf": (
1,
0.01,
1.0,
), # final OneCycleLR learning rate (lr0 * lrf)
"momentum": (0.3, 0.6, 0.98), # SGD momentum/Adam beta1
"weight_decay": (1, 0.0, 0.001), # optimizer weight decay
"warmup_epochs": (1, 0.0, 5.0), # warmup epochs (fractions ok)
"warmup_momentum": (1, 0.0, 0.95), # warmup initial momentum
"warmup_bias_lr": (1, 0.0, 0.2), # warmup initial bias lr
"box": (1, 0.02, 0.2), # box loss gain
"cls": (1, 0.2, 4.0), # cls loss gain
"cls_pw": (1, 0.5, 2.0), # cls BCELoss positive_weight
"obj": (1, 0.2, 4.0), # obj loss gain (scale with pixels)
"obj_pw": (1, 0.5, 2.0), # obj BCELoss positive_weight
"iou_t": (0, 0.1, 0.7), # IoU training threshold
"anchor_t": (1, 2.0, 8.0), # anchor-multiple threshold
"anchors": (2, 2.0, 10.0), # anchors per output grid (0 to ignore)
"fl_gamma": (
0,
0.0,
2.0,
), # focal loss gamma (efficientDet default gamma=1.5)
"hsv_h": (1, 0.0, 0.1), # image HSV-Hue augmentation (fraction)
"hsv_s": (
1,
0.0,
0.9,
), # image HSV-Saturation augmentation (fraction)
"hsv_v": (1, 0.0, 0.9), # image HSV-Value augmentation (fraction)
"degrees": (1, 0.0, 45.0), # image rotation (+/- deg)
"translate": (1, 0.0, 0.9), # image translation (+/- fraction)
"scale": (1, 0.0, 0.9), # image scale (+/- gain)
"shear": (1, 0.0, 10.0), # image shear (+/- deg)
"perspective": (
0,
0.0,
0.001,
), # image perspective (+/- fraction), range 0-0.001
"flipud": (1, 0.0, 1.0), # image flip up-down (probability)
"fliplr": (0, 0.0, 1.0), # image flip left-right (probability)
"mosaic": (1, 0.0, 1.0), # image mixup (probability)
"mixup": (1, 0.0, 1.0), # image mixup (probability)
"copy_paste": (1, 0.0, 1.0),
} # segment copy-paste (probability)
with open(opt.hyp) as f:
hyp = yaml.safe_load(f) # load hyps dict
if "anchors" not in hyp: # anchors commented in hyp.yaml
hyp["anchors"] = 3
opt.noval, opt.nosave, save_dir = (
True,
True,
Path(opt.save_dir),
) # only val/save final epoch
# ei = [isinstance(x, (int, float)) for x in hyp.values()] # evolvable indices
evolve_yaml, evolve_csv = (
save_dir / "hyp_evolve.yaml",
save_dir / "evolve.csv",
)
if opt.bucket:
os.system(
f"gsutil cp gs://{opt.bucket}/evolve.csv {save_dir}"
) # download evolve.csv if exists
for _ in range(opt.evolve): # generations to evolve
if (
evolve_csv.exists()
): # if evolve.csv exists: select best hyps and mutate
# Select parent(s)
parent = (
"single" # parent selection method: 'single' or 'weighted'
)
x = np.loadtxt(evolve_csv, ndmin=2, delimiter=",", skiprows=1)
n = min(5, len(x)) # number of previous results to consider
x = x[np.argsort(-fitness(x))][:n] # top n mutations
w = fitness(x) - fitness(x).min() + 1e-6 # weights (sum > 0)
if parent == "single" or len(x) == 1:
# x = x[random.randint(0, n - 1)] # random selection
x = x[
random.choices(range(n), weights=w)[0]
] # weighted selection
elif parent == "weighted":
x = (x * w.reshape(n, 1)).sum(
0
) / w.sum() # weighted combination
# Mutate
mp, s = 0.8, 0.2 # mutation probability, sigma
npr = np.random
npr.seed(int(time.time()))
g = np.array([meta[k][0] for k in hyp.keys()]) # gains 0-1
ng = len(meta)
v = np.ones(ng)
while all(
v == 1
): # mutate until a change occurs (prevent duplicates)
v = (
g
* (npr.random(ng) < mp)
* npr.randn(ng)
* npr.random()
* s
+ 1
).clip(0.3, 3.0)
for i, k in enumerate(hyp.keys()): # plt.hist(v.ravel(), 300)
hyp[k] = float(x[i + 7] * v[i]) # mutate
# Constrain to limits
for k, v in meta.items():
hyp[k] = max(hyp[k], v[1]) # lower limit
hyp[k] = min(hyp[k], v[2]) # upper limit
hyp[k] = round(hyp[k], 5) # significant digits
# Train mutation
results = train(hyp.copy(), opt, device, callbacks)
# Write mutation results
print_mutation(results, hyp.copy(), save_dir, opt.bucket)
# Plot results
plot_evolve(evolve_csv)
print(
f"Hyperparameter evolution finished\n"
f"Results saved to {colorstr('bold', save_dir)}\n"
f"Use best hyperparameters example: $ python train.py --hyp {evolve_yaml}"
)
def run(**kwargs):
# Usage: import train; train.run(data='coco128.yaml', imgsz=320, weights='yolov5m.pt')
opt = parse_opt(True)
for k, v in kwargs.items():
setattr(opt, k, v)
main(opt)
if __name__ == "__main__":
opt = parse_opt()
main(opt)