def install_packages():
    import subprocess
    import sys
    import importlib

    def _is_package_available(name) -> bool:
        try:
            importlib.import_module(name)
            return True
        except (ImportError, ModuleNotFoundError):
            return False

    # upgrade pip
    subprocess.run(
        f"{sys.executable} -m pip install --upgrade pip", shell=True, check=True
    )
    subprocess.run(
        f"{sys.executable} -m pip install --upgrade ninja wheel setuptools packaging", shell=True, check=True
    )

    # install ninja
    if not _is_package_available("ninja"):
        subprocess.run(f"{sys.executable} -m pip install ninja nvidia-cudnn-cu12==9.1.0.70 nvidia-cublas-cu12==12.4.5.8 torch==2.5.1 --extra-index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu124", shell=True, check=True)

    # install flash attention
    if not _is_package_available("flash_attn"):
        subprocess.run(
            f"{sys.executable} -m pip install -v -U flash-attention --no-build-isolation",
            env={"MAX_JOBS": "1"},
            shell=True,
            check=True
        )

    # install xformers
    if not _is_package_available("xformers"):
        subprocess.run(
            f"{sys.executable} -m pip install -v -U xformers nvidia-cudnn-cu12==9.1.0.70 nvidia-cublas-cu12==12.4.5.8 torch==2.5.1 --extra-index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu124",
            shell=True,
            check=True
        )