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 Topic: Defintion of a dog
 Description: a domesticated carnivorous mammal that typically has a long snout, an acute sense of smell, nonretractable claws, and a barking, howling, or whining voice.
 
+Topic: Why a Dog Tilts Their Head to One Side
+Description: A dog tilts their head if they’re uncertain about something they’re really interested in. They can also show this behavior when waiting for more information, especially from a trainer. In addition, they can tilt their head to listen to a sound and accurately determine its source.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Shakes Their Head
+Description: A dog shakes their head if they’re relieved from tension. They also behave this way after being aggressive or alert. In addition, you can see this body language from a dog that was eagerly waiting for something.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Yawns
+Description: A dog yawns if they’re under stress or facing a threat to help ease pressure and tension. A dog can also show this behavior if they are confused, tired, or threatened. In addition, a dog can behave this way when meeting other canines.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Closes Their Mouth or Opens It Slightly 
+Description: If their mouth is closed or slightly opened and held in the normal position, you should know that they are relaxed and happy. However, if the mouth is closed and pulled back, they are stressed, frightened, submissive, or in pain. Other dogs can have their mouths pulled back and still be content. So, you may have to carefully monitor your four-legged friend to determine the exact cause of the behavior.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Licks Their Lips
+Description: A dog licks their lips if they’re stressed or uncertain. Sometimes, this body language can mean that your canine buddy is sexually active. In addition, if you see them licking the lips of other dogs, you should know that they aren’t ready to make friends with them. This behavior is common with puppies.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Shows Teeth and Bites
+Description: If your canine friend retracts their lips to show teeth, they are aggressive or showing dominance. You should be very careful when your dog shows teeth, as they can end up biting you. If this behavior is accompanied by snarling and muzzle wrinkling, you should understand that your canine friend is very angry. It is advisable not to come close to any dog showing this behavior.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Pants
+Description: Your four-legged pal will pant if they’re overheating or have a heatstroke. Dogs do this just to cool down. This is how they regulate their body temperature. Some dogs may adopt this behavior to relieve pain or stress.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Barks and Yelps
+Description: If your dog barks loudly and rapidly, they may be acting out of aggression or have sensed danger. A short and soft bark means that your dog is friendly or wants to play. If they produce a sudden, sharp yelp, you should know that your canine friend is in pain.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Growls
+Description: If your companion animal produces a low or medium growl with or without a bark, they are protective, territorial, or threatened and can become aggressive and end up attacking people or other animals. In addition, your dog may produce a soft growl if they’re alert, anxious, contented, or in a playful mood.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Howls
+Description: Your dog produces a long howl if they are feeling lonely. Most dogs do this to announce their presence to other canines or even people. If they produce a short howl, you should know that they’re satisfied or excited. A dog also howls to mimic other sounds.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Whines and Whimpers
+Description: If a dog produces a low, short whine or whimper, they are excited, anxious, or submissive. A prolonged whine or whimper shows that they are uncomfortable or in pain. According to my own observations, most dogs use this body language to ask for attention.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Opens Their Eyes and Stares
+Description: If your dog has their eyes wide open, you should know that they are alert. If they give an intense stare accompanied by narrowing eyes, they’re trying to be dominant or threatening. If they show the whites of the eyes, they’re threatened and want to attack. If they look away after a short stare, it shows that they are polite or submissive. Your dog can also stare at you if you are carrying some treats or food. Any kind of eye blinking in your canine playmate shows love or playfulness.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Pricks Their Ears
+Description: Your dog will hold their ears forward or up if they’re curious, aggressive, or want to play or chase. If they hold their ears flat and close to the head, they’re scared or insecure. In addition, if they hold their ears apart but not flat, they’re likely to be sad or unsure.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Flicks Their Ears
+Description: If your dog is flicking their ears, you should know that they’re simply listening. Most animals usually flick their ears when there is an unfamiliar sound. So, if you see your four-legged pal flicking their ears forward and backward, you should know that they’re just trying to catch the sound clearly.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Wrinkles Their Muzzle
+Description: If your canine friend is wrinkling their muzzle, they’re angry or aggressive. If they show teeth and snarl while wrinkling the muzzle, they’re sending a warning and can attack anytime. You should stop the thing causing this behavior and move away to avoid being attacked.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Sniffs the Air
+Description: If your dog is sniffing the air, they have likely sensed danger or are tracking a threat or prey. A dog sniffing the air doesn’t bark, growl, or howl to avoid alerting their target. A dog can also sniff other dogs or even people to see if they can become friends.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Exposes Their Belly
+Description: If your dog lies down and exposes their belly, they’re trying to show respect, or they are being playful. If you find this behavior interesting, you can encourage it by rubbing their belly. Your canine buddy can also expose their belly when they’re being attacked by other animals.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Raises Their Hackles
+Description: Your companion animal raises their hackles if they’re threatened, insecure, angry, or afraid. A dog with raised hackles is usually alert and aggressive and can attack at any time. When your animal is meeting other dogs, they can raise their hackles and stand tall to defend themselves in case of an attack from the fellow canines.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Raises Their Paws
+Description: If your canine friend raises their paws, they’re asking for something or want to play. This behavior is common with younger dogs. A puppy can raise their paws and touch their mother when they want to suck milk. If a dog raises their paws to touch you, you should know that they love you.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Digs
+Description: A dog digs to bury or uncover their valuables. It is normal for them to dig, so you should not be worried if you see your dog behaving this way. Your four-legged friend can also dig holes to catch small animals in their hiding places. Others dig to create suitable resting places for their young ones.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Crouches
+Description: If a dog crouches, they are frightened, nervous, insecure, or preparing to catch another animal. Your canine friend can also crouch to show submission. In addition, they can crouch if they want to play.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Mounts or Humps
+Description: If a dog mounts you in a polite manner, they are seeking attention or asking for treats. If they hump objects in the presence of other dogs, they are likely to be under stress. In addition, they can mount other dogs as a way of showing dominance.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Bows
+Description: A dog bows by lowering their chest and head to the ground while keeping the rear body up. If your companion animal bows, they want to play. Some dogs swing their hips and wag their tails to emphasize the need to play. This body language is popularly known as the play bow.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Stretches
+Description: Your canine playmate stretches to show love or playfulness. If you come home after being away for some time and see them stretching, you should know that they’re happy. These animals usually stretch with the front or rear body close to the ground.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Freezes and Leans Forward
+Description: A dog freezes and leans forward if they are feeling threatened, dominant, or challenged. This is common when they’re interrupted while eating. The behavior can be accompanied by snarling and wagging of the tail. You should leave a dog alone when they are showing this behavior to avoid being attacked.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Walks in Circles Before Lying Down
+Description: If you see your dog walking in circles before lying down, you should understand that they are looking for the most comfortable place to rest. Your canine buddy could also be having some discomfort which is forcing them to find the best way to lie down without hurting their body.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Paces
+Description: A dog is nervous, excited, or bored if they’re pacing frequently. If you see your canine playmate running in a circle around you, you should know that they are playful and want you to join in the play. It is important to note that these animals usually run after other animals regardless of whether they are bored or excited.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Licks Their Genitals
+Description: Animals usually lick their genitals to clean them. If you see your four-legged friend licking them excessively, you should know that they are bored or have a urinary tract infection. Most urinary tract infections are itchy and can cause genital discharge which can trigger the genital licking behavior.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Wags Their Tail
+Description: Usually, a dog wags their tail to show friendliness or happiness. If they wag rapidly while holding it down, they’re showing submissiveness. If they slowly wag the tail while keeping it in the natural position, you should know that they are alert or want to play. Your canine friend is confused, sad, or unwell if they slowly wag their tail while holding it down. If they slowly wag it while holding it high, they’re excited or confident.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Holds Their Tail Straight
+Description: If your dog holds their tail straight up, they’re confident, aroused, or excited. Some dogs show this behavior when they meet other canines or other animals. If the upright tail is slightly shaking, you should know that they’re facing a challenge. A dog is content, happy, or relaxed if their tail is level with the body. Moreover, if your canine buddy is holding their tail low with no movement, they’re showing alertness or insecurity.
+
+Topic: Why a Dog Tucks Their Tail Between Their Legs
+Description: Your canine friend is afraid, nervous, worried, or under stress, if they hold their tail between the legs. If they hold the tail tightly against the belly, you should know that they’re extremely scared or submissive. According to my own findings, dogs show this behavior when meeting other dominant animals. They also show this body language when punishing them.
+
 Topic: Attention-Seeking Behaviors in Dogs
 Description: Attention-seeking behavior is any action a dog performs to get a human to notice them. It can include barking, whining, jumping on you, pawing you, or mouthing you with their jaws. Anything that serves to capture your attention has the potential to become an attention-seeking nuisance behavior.