# Copyright 2022 Stanford University Team and The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
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#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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# limitations under the License.

# DISCLAIMER: This code is strongly influenced by https://github.com/pesser/pytorch_diffusion
# and https://github.com/hojonathanho/diffusion

import math
from dataclasses import dataclass
from typing import List, Optional, Tuple, Union
import numpy as np
import torch
from diffusers.configuration_utils import ConfigMixin, register_to_config
from diffusers.utils import BaseOutput
from diffusers.utils.torch_utils import randn_tensor
from diffusers.schedulers.scheduling_utils import KarrasDiffusionSchedulers, SchedulerMixin


@dataclass
# Copied from diffusers.schedulers.scheduling_ddpm.DDPMSchedulerOutput with DDPM->DDIM
class DDIMSchedulerOutput(BaseOutput):
    """
    Output class for the scheduler's step function output.

    Args:
        prev_sample (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_channels, height, width)` for images):
            Computed sample (x_{t-1}) of previous timestep. `prev_sample` should be used as next model input in the
            denoising loop.
        pred_original_sample (`torch.FloatTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_channels, height, width)` for images):
            The predicted denoised sample (x_{0}) based on the model output from the current timestep.
            `pred_original_sample` can be used to preview progress or for guidance.
    """

    prev_sample: torch.FloatTensor
    pred_original_sample: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None
    log_prob: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None



def betas_for_alpha_bar(num_diffusion_timesteps, max_beta=0.999) -> torch.Tensor:
    """
    Create a beta schedule that discretizes the given alpha_t_bar function, which defines the cumulative product of
    (1-beta) over time from t = [0,1].

    Contains a function alpha_bar that takes an argument t and transforms it to the cumulative product of (1-beta) up
    to that part of the diffusion process.


    Args:
        num_diffusion_timesteps (`int`): the number of betas to produce.
        max_beta (`float`): the maximum beta to use; use values lower than 1 to
                     prevent singularities.

    Returns:
        betas (`np.ndarray`): the betas used by the scheduler to step the model outputs
    """

    def alpha_bar(time_step):
        return math.cos((time_step + 0.008) / 1.008 * math.pi / 2) ** 2

    betas = []
    for i in range(num_diffusion_timesteps):
        t1 = i / num_diffusion_timesteps
        t2 = (i + 1) / num_diffusion_timesteps
        betas.append(min(1 - alpha_bar(t2) / alpha_bar(t1), max_beta))
    return torch.tensor(betas)


class DDIMSchedulerCustom(SchedulerMixin, ConfigMixin):
    """
    Denoising diffusion implicit models is a scheduler that extends the denoising procedure introduced in denoising
    diffusion probabilistic models (DDPMs) with non-Markovian guidance.

    [`~ConfigMixin`] takes care of storing all config attributes that are passed in the scheduler's `__init__`
    function, such as `num_train_timesteps`. They can be accessed via `scheduler.config.num_train_timesteps`.
    [`SchedulerMixin`] provides general loading and saving functionality via the [`SchedulerMixin.save_pretrained`] and
    [`~SchedulerMixin.from_pretrained`] functions.

    For more details, see the original paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.02502

    Args:
        num_train_timesteps (`int`): number of diffusion steps used to train the model.
        beta_start (`float`): the starting `beta` value of inference.
        beta_end (`float`): the final `beta` value.
        beta_schedule (`str`):
            the beta schedule, a mapping from a beta range to a sequence of betas for stepping the model. Choose from
            `linear`, `scaled_linear`, or `squaredcos_cap_v2`.
        trained_betas (`np.ndarray`, optional):
            option to pass an array of betas directly to the constructor to bypass `beta_start`, `beta_end` etc.
        clip_sample (`bool`, default `True`):
            option to clip predicted sample between -1 and 1 for numerical stability.
        set_alpha_to_one (`bool`, default `True`):
            each diffusion step uses the value of alphas product at that step and at the previous one. For the final
            step there is no previous alpha. When this option is `True` the previous alpha product is fixed to `1`,
            otherwise it uses the value of alpha at step 0.
        steps_offset (`int`, default `0`):
            an offset added to the inference steps. You can use a combination of `offset=1` and
            `set_alpha_to_one=False`, to make the last step use step 0 for the previous alpha product, as done in
            stable diffusion.
        prediction_type (`str`, default `epsilon`, optional):
            prediction type of the scheduler function, one of `epsilon` (predicting the noise of the diffusion
            process), `sample` (directly predicting the noisy sample`) or `v_prediction` (see section 2.4
            https://imagen.research.google/video/paper.pdf)
    """

    _compatibles = [e.name for e in KarrasDiffusionSchedulers]
    order = 1

    @register_to_config
    def __init__(
        self,
        num_train_timesteps: int = 1000,
        beta_start: float = 0.0001,
        beta_end: float = 0.02,
        beta_schedule: str = "linear",
        trained_betas: Optional[Union[np.ndarray, List[float]]] = None,
        clip_sample: bool = True,
        set_alpha_to_one: bool = True,
        steps_offset: int = 0,
        prediction_type: str = "epsilon",
    ):
        if trained_betas is not None:
            self.betas = torch.tensor(trained_betas, dtype=torch.float32)
        elif beta_schedule == "linear":
            self.betas = torch.linspace(beta_start, beta_end, num_train_timesteps, dtype=torch.float32)
        elif beta_schedule == "scaled_linear":
            # this schedule is very specific to the latent diffusion model.
            self.betas = (
                torch.linspace(beta_start**0.5, beta_end**0.5, num_train_timesteps, dtype=torch.float32) ** 2
            )
        elif beta_schedule == "squaredcos_cap_v2":
            # Glide cosine schedule
            self.betas = betas_for_alpha_bar(num_train_timesteps)
        else:
            raise NotImplementedError(f"{beta_schedule} does is not implemented for {self.__class__}")

        self.alphas = 1.0 - self.betas
        self.alphas_cumprod = torch.cumprod(self.alphas, dim=0)

        # At every step in ddim, we are looking into the previous alphas_cumprod
        # For the final step, there is no previous alphas_cumprod because we are already at 0
        # `set_alpha_to_one` decides whether we set this parameter simply to one or
        # whether we use the final alpha of the "non-previous" one.
        self.final_alpha_cumprod = torch.tensor(1.0) if set_alpha_to_one else self.alphas_cumprod[0]

        # standard deviation of the initial noise distribution
        self.init_noise_sigma = 1.0

        # setable values
        self.num_inference_steps = None
        self.timesteps = torch.from_numpy(np.arange(0, num_train_timesteps)[::-1].copy().astype(np.int64))

    def scale_model_input(self, sample: torch.FloatTensor, timestep: Optional[int] = None) -> torch.FloatTensor:
        """
        Ensures interchangeability with schedulers that need to scale the denoising model input depending on the
        current timestep.

        Args:
            sample (`torch.FloatTensor`): input sample
            timestep (`int`, optional): current timestep

        Returns:
            `torch.FloatTensor`: scaled input sample
        """
        return sample

    def _get_variance(self, timestep, prev_timestep):
        alpha_prod_t = self.alphas_cumprod[timestep]
        alpha_prod_t_prev = self.alphas_cumprod[prev_timestep] if prev_timestep >= 0 else self.final_alpha_cumprod
        beta_prod_t = 1 - alpha_prod_t
        beta_prod_t_prev = 1 - alpha_prod_t_prev

        variance = (beta_prod_t_prev / beta_prod_t) * (1 - alpha_prod_t / alpha_prod_t_prev)

        return variance

    def set_timesteps(self, num_inference_steps: int, device: Union[str, torch.device] = None):
        """
        Sets the discrete timesteps used for the diffusion chain. Supporting function to be run before inference.

        Args:
            num_inference_steps (`int`):
                the number of diffusion steps used when generating samples with a pre-trained model.
        """

        if num_inference_steps > self.config.num_train_timesteps:
            raise ValueError(
                f"`num_inference_steps`: {num_inference_steps} cannot be larger than `self.config.train_timesteps`:"
                f" {self.config.num_train_timesteps} as the unet model trained with this scheduler can only handle"
                f" maximal {self.config.num_train_timesteps} timesteps."
            )

        self.num_inference_steps = num_inference_steps
        step_ratio = self.config.num_train_timesteps // self.num_inference_steps
        # creates integer timesteps by multiplying by ratio
        # casting to int to avoid issues when num_inference_step is power of 3
        timesteps = (np.arange(0, num_inference_steps) * step_ratio).round()[::-1].copy().astype(np.int64)
        self.timesteps = torch.from_numpy(timesteps).to(device)
        self.timesteps += self.config.steps_offset

    def step(
        self,
        model_output: torch.FloatTensor,
        timestep: int,
        sample: torch.FloatTensor,
        eta: float = 0.0,
        use_clipped_model_output: bool = False,
        generator=None,
        variance_noise: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        return_dict: bool = True,
        prev_sample: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
    ) -> Union[DDIMSchedulerOutput, Tuple]:
        """

        Predict the sample at the previous timestep by reversing the SDE. Core function to propagate the diffusion
        process from the learned model outputs (most often the predicted noise).

        First, the model_output is used to calculate the prev_sample_mean. If
        key is not None, some noise is added to produce prev_sample (with
        variance depending on eta). If prev_sample is not None, this function
        essentially just calculates the log_prob of prev_sample given
        prev_sample_mean, and prev_sample is returned unmodified.


        Args:
            model_output (`torch.FloatTensor`): direct output from learned diffusion model.
            timestep (`int`): current discrete timestep in the diffusion chain.
            sample (`torch.FloatTensor`):
                current instance of sample being created by diffusion process.
            eta (`float`): weight of noise for added noise in diffusion step.
            use_clipped_model_output (`bool`): if `True`, compute "corrected" `model_output` from the clipped
                predicted original sample. Necessary because predicted original sample is clipped to [-1, 1] when
                `self.config.clip_sample` is `True`. If no clipping has happened, "corrected" `model_output` would
                coincide with the one provided as input and `use_clipped_model_output` will have not effect.
            generator: random number generator.
            variance_noise (`torch.FloatTensor`): instead of generating noise for the variance using `generator`, we
                can directly provide the noise for the variance itself. This is useful for methods such as
                CycleDiffusion. (https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.05559)
            return_dict (`bool`): option for returning tuple rather than DDIMSchedulerOutput class

        Returns:
            [`~schedulers.scheduling_utils.DDIMSchedulerOutput`] or `tuple`:
            [`~schedulers.scheduling_utils.DDIMSchedulerOutput`] if `return_dict` is True, otherwise a `tuple`. When
            returning a tuple, the first element is the sample tensor.

        """
        # eta = 1.0
        if self.num_inference_steps is None:
            raise ValueError(
                "Number of inference steps is 'None', you need to run 'set_timesteps' after creating the scheduler"
            )

        # See formulas (12) and (16) of DDIM paper https://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.02502.pdf
        # Ideally, read DDIM paper in-detail understanding

        # Notation (<variable name> -> <name in paper>
        # - pred_noise_t -> e_theta(x_t, t)
        # - pred_original_sample -> f_theta(x_t, t) or x_0
        # - std_dev_t -> sigma_t
        # - eta -> η
        # - pred_sample_direction -> "direction pointing to x_t"
        # - pred_prev_sample -> "x_t-1"

        # 1. get previous step value (=t-1)
        prev_timestep = timestep - self.config.num_train_timesteps // self.num_inference_steps


        # 2. compute alphas, betas
        alpha_prod_t = self.alphas_cumprod[timestep]
        alpha_prod_t_prev = self.alphas_cumprod[prev_timestep] if prev_timestep >= 0 else self.final_alpha_cumprod

        beta_prod_t = 1 - alpha_prod_t

        # 3. compute predicted original sample from predicted noise also called
        # "predicted x_0" of formula (12) from https://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.02502.pdf
        if self.config.prediction_type == "epsilon":
            pred_original_sample = (sample - beta_prod_t ** (0.5) * model_output) / alpha_prod_t ** (0.5)
        elif self.config.prediction_type == "sample":
            pred_original_sample = model_output
        elif self.config.prediction_type == "v_prediction":
            pred_original_sample = (alpha_prod_t**0.5) * sample - (beta_prod_t**0.5) * model_output
            # predict V
            model_output = (alpha_prod_t**0.5) * model_output + (beta_prod_t**0.5) * sample
        else:
            raise ValueError(
                f"prediction_type given as {self.config.prediction_type} must be one of `epsilon`, `sample`, or"
                " `v_prediction`"
            )

        # 4. Clip "predicted x_0"
        if self.config.clip_sample:
            pred_original_sample = torch.clamp(pred_original_sample, -1, 1)


        # 5. compute variance: "sigma_t(η)" -> see formula (16)
        # σ_t = sqrt((1 − α_t−1)/(1 − α_t)) * sqrt(1 − α_t/α_t−1)
        variance = self._get_variance(timestep, prev_timestep)
        std_dev_t = eta * variance ** (0.5)


        if use_clipped_model_output:
            # the model_output is always re-derived from the clipped x_0 in Glide
            model_output = (sample - alpha_prod_t ** (0.5) * pred_original_sample) / beta_prod_t ** (0.5)

        # 6. compute "direction pointing to x_t" of formula (12) from https://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.02502.pdf
        pred_sample_direction = (1 - alpha_prod_t_prev - std_dev_t**2) ** (0.5) * model_output

        # 7. compute x_t without "random noise" of formula (12) from https://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.02502.pdf
        prev_sample_mean = alpha_prod_t_prev ** (0.5) * pred_original_sample + pred_sample_direction


        if prev_sample is None and eta > 0:
            device = model_output.device
            if variance_noise is not None and generator is not None:
                raise ValueError(
                    "Cannot pass both generator and variance_noise. Please make sure that either `generator` or"
                    " `variance_noise` stays `None`."
                )

            if variance_noise is None:
                variance_noise = randn_tensor(
                    model_output.shape, generator=generator, device=device, dtype=model_output.dtype
                )

            prev_sample = prev_sample_mean + std_dev_t * variance_noise
        
        # std_dev_t = torch.clip(std_dev_t, min=1e-6)
        log_prob = (
            -((prev_sample - prev_sample_mean) ** 2) / (2 * (std_dev_t**2))
            - math.log(std_dev_t)
            - math.log(math.sqrt(2 * math.pi))
        )

        log_prob_mean = torch.mean(log_prob, axis=tuple(range(1, log_prob.ndim)))
    


        if not return_dict:
            return (prev_sample, pred_original_sample, log_prob, log_prob_mean)

        return DDIMSchedulerOutput(prev_sample=prev_sample, pred_original_sample=pred_original_sample, log_prob=log_prob_mean)

    def add_noise(
        self,
        original_samples: torch.FloatTensor,
        noise: torch.FloatTensor,
        timesteps: torch.IntTensor,
    ) -> torch.FloatTensor:
        # Make sure alphas_cumprod and timestep have same device and dtype as original_samples
        self.alphas_cumprod = self.alphas_cumprod.to(device=original_samples.device, dtype=original_samples.dtype)
        timesteps = timesteps.to(original_samples.device)

        sqrt_alpha_prod = self.alphas_cumprod[timesteps] ** 0.5
        sqrt_alpha_prod = sqrt_alpha_prod.flatten()
        while len(sqrt_alpha_prod.shape) < len(original_samples.shape):
            sqrt_alpha_prod = sqrt_alpha_prod.unsqueeze(-1)

        sqrt_one_minus_alpha_prod = (1 - self.alphas_cumprod[timesteps]) ** 0.5
        sqrt_one_minus_alpha_prod = sqrt_one_minus_alpha_prod.flatten()
        while len(sqrt_one_minus_alpha_prod.shape) < len(original_samples.shape):
            sqrt_one_minus_alpha_prod = sqrt_one_minus_alpha_prod.unsqueeze(-1)

        noisy_samples = sqrt_alpha_prod * original_samples + sqrt_one_minus_alpha_prod * noise
        return noisy_samples

    def get_velocity(
        self, sample: torch.FloatTensor, noise: torch.FloatTensor, timesteps: torch.IntTensor
    ) -> torch.FloatTensor:
        # Make sure alphas_cumprod and timestep have same device and dtype as sample
        self.alphas_cumprod = self.alphas_cumprod.to(device=sample.device, dtype=sample.dtype)
        timesteps = timesteps.to(sample.device)

        sqrt_alpha_prod = self.alphas_cumprod[timesteps] ** 0.5
        sqrt_alpha_prod = sqrt_alpha_prod.flatten()
        while len(sqrt_alpha_prod.shape) < len(sample.shape):
            sqrt_alpha_prod = sqrt_alpha_prod.unsqueeze(-1)

        sqrt_one_minus_alpha_prod = (1 - self.alphas_cumprod[timesteps]) ** 0.5
        sqrt_one_minus_alpha_prod = sqrt_one_minus_alpha_prod.flatten()
        while len(sqrt_one_minus_alpha_prod.shape) < len(sample.shape):
            sqrt_one_minus_alpha_prod = sqrt_one_minus_alpha_prod.unsqueeze(-1)

        velocity = sqrt_alpha_prod * noise - sqrt_one_minus_alpha_prod * sample
        return velocity

    def __len__(self):
        return self.config.num_train_timesteps