wavlm/WavLM.py

# --------------------------------------------------------
# WavLM: Large-Scale Self-Supervised  Pre-training  for Full Stack Speech Processing (https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.13900.pdf)
# Github source: https://github.com/microsoft/unilm/tree/master/wavlm
# Copyright (c) 2021 Microsoft
# Licensed under The MIT License [see LICENSE for details]
# Based on fairseq code bases
# https://github.com/pytorch/fairseq
# --------------------------------------------------------

import math
import logging
from typing import List, Optional, Tuple

import numpy as np

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F
from torch.nn import LayerNorm
from .modules import (
    Fp32GroupNorm,
    Fp32LayerNorm,
    GradMultiply,
    MultiheadAttention,
    SamePad,
    init_bert_params,
    get_activation_fn,
    TransposeLast,
    GLU_Linear,
)

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


def compute_mask_indices(
    shape: Tuple[int, int],
    padding_mask: Optional[torch.Tensor],
    mask_prob: float,
    mask_length: int,
    mask_type: str = "static",
    mask_other: float = 0.0,
    min_masks: int = 0,
    no_overlap: bool = False,
    min_space: int = 0,
) -> np.ndarray:
    """
    Computes random mask spans for a given shape

    Args:
        shape: the the shape for which to compute masks.
            should be of size 2 where first element is batch size and 2nd is timesteps
        padding_mask: optional padding mask of the same size as shape, which will prevent masking padded elements
        mask_prob: probability for each token to be chosen as start of the span to be masked. this will be multiplied by
            number of timesteps divided by length of mask span to mask approximately this percentage of all elements.
            however due to overlaps, the actual number will be smaller (unless no_overlap is True)
        mask_type: how to compute mask lengths
            static = fixed size
            uniform = sample from uniform distribution [mask_other, mask_length*2]
            normal = sample from normal distribution with mean mask_length and stdev mask_other. mask is min 1 element
            poisson = sample from possion distribution with lambda = mask length
        min_masks: minimum number of masked spans
        no_overlap: if false, will switch to an alternative recursive algorithm that prevents spans from overlapping
        min_space: only used if no_overlap is True, this is how many elements to keep unmasked between spans
    """

    bsz, all_sz = shape
    mask = np.full((bsz, all_sz), False)

    all_num_mask = int(
        # add a random number for probabilistic rounding
        mask_prob * all_sz / float(mask_length)
        + np.random.rand()
    )

    all_num_mask = max(min_masks, all_num_mask)

    mask_idcs = []
    for i in range(bsz):
        if padding_mask is not None:
            sz = all_sz - padding_mask[i].long().sum().item()
            num_mask = int(
                # add a random number for probabilistic rounding
                mask_prob * sz / float(mask_length)
                + np.random.rand()
            )
            num_mask = max(min_masks, num_mask)
        else:
            sz = all_sz
            num_mask = all_num_mask

        if mask_type == "static":
            lengths = np.full(num_mask, mask_length)
        elif mask_type == "uniform":
            lengths = np.random.randint(mask_other, mask_length * 2 + 1, size=num_mask)
        elif mask_type == "normal":
            lengths = np.random.normal(mask_length, mask_other, size=num_mask)
            lengths = [max(1, int(round(x))) for x in lengths]
        elif mask_type == "poisson":
            lengths = np.random.poisson(mask_length, size=num_mask)
            lengths = [int(round(x)) for x in lengths]
        else:
            raise Exception("unknown mask selection " + mask_type)

        if sum(lengths) == 0:
            lengths[0] = min(mask_length, sz - 1)

        if no_overlap:
            mask_idc = []

            def arrange(s, e, length, keep_length):
                span_start = np.random.randint(s, e - length)
                mask_idc.extend(span_start + i for i in range(length))

                new_parts = []
                if span_start - s - min_space >= keep_length:
                    new_parts.append((s, span_start - min_space + 1))
                if e - span_start - keep_length - min_space > keep_length:
                    new_parts.append((span_start + length + min_space, e))
                return new_parts

            parts = [(0, sz)]
            min_length = min(lengths)
            for length in sorted(lengths, reverse=True):
                lens = np.fromiter(
                    (e - s if e - s >= length + min_space else 0 for s, e in parts),
                    np.int,
                )
                l_sum = np.sum(lens)
                if l_sum == 0:
                    break
                probs = lens / np.sum(lens)
                c = np.random.choice(len(parts), p=probs)
                s, e = parts.pop(c)
                parts.extend(arrange(s, e, length, min_length))
            mask_idc = np.asarray(mask_idc)
        else:
            min_len = min(lengths)
            if sz - min_len <= num_mask:
                min_len = sz - num_mask - 1

            mask_idc = np.random.choice(sz - min_len, num_mask, replace=False)

            mask_idc = np.asarray(
                [
                    mask_idc[j] + offset
                    for j in range(len(mask_idc))
                    for offset in range(lengths[j])
                ]
            )

        mask_idcs.append(np.unique(mask_idc[mask_idc < sz]))

    min_len = min([len(m) for m in mask_idcs])
    for i, mask_idc in enumerate(mask_idcs):
        if len(mask_idc) > min_len:
            mask_idc = np.random.choice(mask_idc, min_len, replace=False)
        mask[i, mask_idc] = True

    return mask


class WavLMConfig:
    def __init__(self, cfg=None):
        self.extractor_mode: str = "default"     # mode for feature extractor. default has a single group norm with d groups in the first conv block, whereas layer_norm has layer norms in every block (meant to use with normalize=True)
        self.encoder_layers: int = 12     # num encoder layers in the transformer

        self.encoder_embed_dim: int = 768     # encoder embedding dimension
        self.encoder_ffn_embed_dim: int = 3072     # encoder embedding dimension for FFN
        self.encoder_attention_heads: int = 12     # num encoder attention heads
        self.activation_fn: str = "gelu"     # activation function to use

        self.layer_norm_first: bool = False     # apply layernorm first in the transformer
        self.conv_feature_layers: str = "[(512,10,5)] + [(512,3,2)] * 4 + [(512,2,2)] * 2"     # string describing convolutional feature extraction layers in form of a python list that contains [(dim, kernel_size, stride), ...]
        self.conv_bias: bool = False     # include bias in conv encoder
        self.feature_grad_mult: float = 1.0     # multiply feature extractor var grads by this

        self.normalize: bool = False  # normalize input to have 0 mean and unit variance during training

        # dropouts
        self.dropout: float = 0.1     # dropout probability for the transformer
        self.attention_dropout: float = 0.1     # dropout probability for attention weights
        self.activation_dropout: float = 0.0     # dropout probability after activation in FFN
        self.encoder_layerdrop: float = 0.0     # probability of dropping a tarnsformer layer
        self.dropout_input: float = 0.0     # dropout to apply to the input (after feat extr)
        self.dropout_features: float = 0.0     # dropout to apply to the features (after feat extr)

        # masking
        self.mask_length: int = 10     # mask length
        self.mask_prob: float = 0.65     # probability of replacing a token with mask
        self.mask_selection: str = "static"     # how to choose mask length
        self.mask_other: float = 0     # secondary mask argument (used for more complex distributions), see help in compute_mask_indicesh
        self.no_mask_overlap: bool = False     # whether to allow masks to overlap
        self.mask_min_space: int = 1     # min space between spans (if no overlap is enabled)

        # channel masking
        self.mask_channel_length: int = 10     # length of the mask for features (channels)
        self.mask_channel_prob: float = 0.0     # probability of replacing a feature with 0
        self.mask_channel_selection: str = "static"     # how to choose mask length for channel masking
        self.mask_channel_other: float = 0     # secondary mask argument (used for more complex distributions), see help in compute_mask_indices
        self.no_mask_channel_overlap: bool = False     # whether to allow channel masks to overlap
        self.mask_channel_min_space: int = 1     # min space between spans (if no overlap is enabled)

        # positional embeddings
        self.conv_pos: int = 128     # number of filters for convolutional positional embeddings
        self.conv_pos_groups: int = 16     # number of groups for convolutional positional embedding

        # relative position embedding
        self.relative_position_embedding: bool = False     # apply relative position embedding
        self.num_buckets: int = 320     # number of buckets for relative position embedding
        self.max_distance: int = 1280     # maximum distance for relative position embedding
        self.gru_rel_pos: bool = False     # apply gated relative position embedding

        if cfg is not None:
            self.update(cfg)

    def update(self, cfg: dict):
        self.__dict__.update(cfg)


class WavLM(nn.Module):
    def __init__(
        self,
        cfg: WavLMConfig,
    ) -> None:
        super().__init__()
        logger.info(f"WavLM Config: {cfg.__dict__}")

        self.cfg = cfg
        feature_enc_layers = eval(cfg.conv_feature_layers)
        self.embed = feature_enc_layers[-1][0]

        self.feature_extractor = ConvFeatureExtractionModel(
            conv_layers=feature_enc_layers,
            dropout=0.0,
            mode=cfg.extractor_mode,
            conv_bias=cfg.conv_bias,
        )

        self.post_extract_proj = (
            nn.Linear(self.embed, cfg.encoder_embed_dim)
            if self.embed != cfg.encoder_embed_dim
            else None
        )

        self.mask_prob = cfg.mask_prob
        self.mask_selection = cfg.mask_selection
        self.mask_other = cfg.mask_other
        self.mask_length = cfg.mask_length
        self.no_mask_overlap = cfg.no_mask_overlap
        self.mask_min_space = cfg.mask_min_space

        self.mask_channel_prob = cfg.mask_channel_prob
        self.mask_channel_selection = cfg.mask_channel_selection
        self.mask_channel_other = cfg.mask_channel_other
        self.mask_channel_length = cfg.mask_channel_length
        self.no_mask_channel_overlap = cfg.no_mask_channel_overlap
        self.mask_channel_min_space = cfg.mask_channel_min_space

        self.dropout_input = nn.Dropout(cfg.dropout_input)
        self.dropout_features = nn.Dropout(cfg.dropout_features)

        self.feature_grad_mult = cfg.feature_grad_mult

        self.mask_emb = nn.Parameter(
            torch.FloatTensor(cfg.encoder_embed_dim).uniform_()
        )

        self.encoder = TransformerEncoder(cfg)
        self.layer_norm = LayerNorm(self.embed)

    def apply_mask(self, x, padding_mask):
        B, T, C = x.shape
        if self.mask_prob > 0:
            mask_indices = compute_mask_indices(
                (B, T),
                padding_mask,
                self.mask_prob,
                self.mask_length,
                self.mask_selection,
                self.mask_other,
                min_masks=2,
                no_overlap=self.no_mask_overlap,
                min_space=self.mask_min_space,
            )
            mask_indices = torch.from_numpy(mask_indices).to(x.device)
            x[mask_indices] = self.mask_emb
        else:
            mask_indices = None

        if self.mask_channel_prob > 0:
            mask_channel_indices = compute_mask_indices(
                (B, C),
                None,
                self.mask_channel_prob,
                self.mask_channel_length,
                self.mask_channel_selection,
                self.mask_channel_other,
                no_overlap=self.no_mask_channel_overlap,
                min_space=self.mask_channel_min_space,
            )
            mask_channel_indices = (
                torch.from_numpy(mask_channel_indices)
                .to(x.device)
                .unsqueeze(1)
                .expand(-1, T, -1)
            )
            x[mask_channel_indices] = 0

        return x, mask_indices

    def forward_padding_mask(
            self, features: torch.Tensor, padding_mask: torch.Tensor,
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        extra = padding_mask.size(1) % features.size(1)
        if extra > 0:
            padding_mask = padding_mask[:, :-extra]
        padding_mask = padding_mask.view(
            padding_mask.size(0), features.size(1), -1
        )
        padding_mask = padding_mask.all(-1)
        return padding_mask

    def extract_features(
        self,
        source: torch.Tensor,
        padding_mask: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        mask: bool = False,
        ret_conv: bool = False,
        output_layer: Optional[int] = None,
        ret_layer_results: bool = False,
    ):

        if self.feature_grad_mult > 0:
            features = self.feature_extractor(source)
            if self.feature_grad_mult != 1.0:
                features = GradMultiply.apply(features, self.feature_grad_mult)
        else:
            with torch.no_grad():
                features = self.feature_extractor(source)

        features = features.transpose(1, 2)
        features = self.layer_norm(features)

        if padding_mask is not None:
            padding_mask = self.forward_padding_mask(features, padding_mask)

        if self.post_extract_proj is not None:
            features = self.post_extract_proj(features)

        features = self.dropout_input(features)

        if mask:
            x, mask_indices = self.apply_mask(
                features, padding_mask
            )
        else:
            x = features

        # feature: (B, T, D), float
        # target: (B, T), long
        # x: (B, T, D), float
        # padding_mask: (B, T), bool
        # mask_indices: (B, T), bool
        x, layer_results = self.encoder(
            x,
            padding_mask=padding_mask,
            layer=None if output_layer is None else output_layer - 1
        )

        res = {"x": x, "padding_mask": padding_mask, "features": features, "layer_results": layer_results}

        feature = res["features"] if ret_conv else res["x"]
        if ret_layer_results:
            feature = (feature, res["layer_results"])
        return feature, res["padding_mask"]


class ConvFeatureExtractionModel(nn.Module):
    def __init__(
            self,
            conv_layers: List[Tuple[int, int, int]],
            dropout: float = 0.0,
            mode: str = "default",
            conv_bias: bool = False,
            conv_type: str = "default"
    ):
        super().__init__()

        assert mode in {"default", "layer_norm"}

        def block(
                n_in,
                n_out,
                k,
                stride,
                is_layer_norm=False,
                is_group_norm=False,
                conv_bias=False,
        ):
            def make_conv():
                conv = nn.Conv1d(n_in, n_out, k, stride=stride, bias=conv_bias)
                nn.init.kaiming_normal_(conv.weight)
                return conv

            assert (
                           is_layer_norm and is_group_norm
                   ) == False, "layer norm and group norm are exclusive"

            if is_layer_norm:
                return nn.Sequential(
                    make_conv(),
                    nn.Dropout(p=dropout),
                    nn.Sequential(
                        TransposeLast(),
                        Fp32LayerNorm(dim, elementwise_affine=True),
                        TransposeLast(),
                    ),
                    nn.GELU(),
                )
            elif is_group_norm:
                return nn.Sequential(
                    make_conv(),
                    nn.Dropout(p=dropout),
                    Fp32GroupNorm(dim, dim, affine=True),
                    nn.GELU(),
                )
            else:
                return nn.Sequential(make_conv(), nn.Dropout(p=dropout), nn.GELU())

        self.conv_type = conv_type
        if self.conv_type == "default":
            in_d = 1
            self.conv_layers = nn.ModuleList()
            for i, cl in enumerate(conv_layers):
                assert len(cl) == 3, "invalid conv definition: " + str(cl)
                (dim, k, stride) = cl

                self.conv_layers.append(
                    block(
                        in_d,
                        dim,
                        k,
                        stride,
                        is_layer_norm=mode == "layer_norm",
                        is_group_norm=mode == "default" and i == 0,
                        conv_bias=conv_bias,
                    )
                )
                in_d = dim
        elif self.conv_type == "conv2d":
            in_d = 1
            self.conv_layers = nn.ModuleList()
            for i, cl in enumerate(conv_layers):
                assert len(cl) == 3
                (dim, k, stride) = cl

                self.conv_layers.append(
                    torch.nn.Conv2d(in_d, dim, k, stride)
                )
                self.conv_layers.append(torch.nn.ReLU())
                in_d = dim
        elif self.conv_type == "custom":
            in_d = 1
            idim = 80
            self.conv_layers = nn.ModuleList()
            for i, cl in enumerate(conv_layers):
                assert len(cl) == 3
                (dim, k, stride) = cl
                self.conv_layers.append(
                    torch.nn.Conv2d(in_d, dim, k, stride, padding=1)
                )
                self.conv_layers.append(
                    torch.nn.LayerNorm([dim, idim])
                )
                self.conv_layers.append(torch.nn.ReLU())
                in_d = dim
                if (i + 1) % 2 == 0:
                    self.conv_layers.append(
                        torch.nn.MaxPool2d(2, stride=2, ceil_mode=True)
                    )
                    idim = int(math.ceil(idim / 2))
        else:
            pass

    def forward(self, x, mask=None):

        # BxT -> BxCxT
        x = x.unsqueeze(1)
        if self.conv_type == "custom":
            for conv in self.conv_layers:
                if isinstance(conv, nn.LayerNorm):
                    x = x.transpose(1, 2)
                    x = conv(x).transpose(1, 2)
                else:
                    x = conv(x)
            x = x.transpose(2, 3).contiguous()
            x = x.view(x.size(0), -1, x.size(-1))
        else:
            for conv in self.conv_layers:
                x = conv(x)
            if self.conv_type == "conv2d":
                b, c, t, f = x.size()
                x = x.transpose(2, 3).contiguous().view(b, c * f, t)
        return x


class TransformerEncoder(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, args):
        super().__init__()

        self.dropout = args.dropout
        self.embedding_dim = args.encoder_embed_dim

        self.pos_conv = nn.Conv1d(
            self.embedding_dim,
            self.embedding_dim,
            kernel_size=args.conv_pos,
            padding=args.conv_pos // 2,
            groups=args.conv_pos_groups,
        )
        dropout = 0
        std = math.sqrt((4 * (1.0 - dropout)) / (args.conv_pos * self.embedding_dim))
        nn.init.normal_(self.pos_conv.weight, mean=0, std=std)
        nn.init.constant_(self.pos_conv.bias, 0)

        self.pos_conv = nn.utils.weight_norm(self.pos_conv, name="weight", dim=2)
        self.pos_conv = nn.Sequential(self.pos_conv, SamePad(args.conv_pos), nn.GELU())

        if hasattr(args, "relative_position_embedding"):
            self.relative_position_embedding = args.relative_position_embedding
            self.num_buckets = args.num_buckets
            self.max_distance = args.max_distance
        else:
            self.relative_position_embedding = False
            self.num_buckets = 0
            self.max_distance = 0

        self.layers = nn.ModuleList(
            [
                TransformerSentenceEncoderLayer(
                    embedding_dim=self.embedding_dim,
                    ffn_embedding_dim=args.encoder_ffn_embed_dim,
                    num_attention_heads=args.encoder_attention_heads,
                    dropout=self.dropout,
                    attention_dropout=args.attention_dropout,
                    activation_dropout=args.activation_dropout,
                    activation_fn=args.activation_fn,
                    layer_norm_first=args.layer_norm_first,
                    has_relative_attention_bias=(self.relative_position_embedding and i == 0),
                    num_buckets=self.num_buckets,
                    max_distance=self.max_distance,
                    gru_rel_pos=args.gru_rel_pos,
                )
                for i in range(args.encoder_layers)
            ]
        )

        self.layer_norm_first = args.layer_norm_first
        self.layer_norm = LayerNorm(self.embedding_dim)
        self.layerdrop = args.encoder_layerdrop

        self.apply(init_bert_params)

    def forward(self, x, padding_mask=None, streaming_mask=None, layer=None):
        x, layer_results = self.extract_features(x, padding_mask, streaming_mask, layer)

        if self.layer_norm_first and layer is None:
            x = self.layer_norm(x)

        return x, layer_results

    def extract_features(self, x, padding_mask=None, streaming_mask=None, tgt_layer=None):

        if padding_mask is not None:
            x[padding_mask] = 0

        x_conv = self.pos_conv(x.transpose(1, 2))
        x_conv = x_conv.transpose(1, 2)
        x += x_conv

        if not self.layer_norm_first:
            x = self.layer_norm(x)

        x = F.dropout(x, p=self.dropout, training=self.training)

        # B x T x C -> T x B x C
        x = x.transpose(0, 1)

        layer_results = []
        z = None
        if tgt_layer is not None:
            layer_results.append((x, z))
        r = None
        pos_bias = None
        for i, layer in enumerate(self.layers):
            dropout_probability = np.random.random()
            if not self.training or (dropout_probability > self.layerdrop):
                x, z, pos_bias = layer(x, self_attn_padding_mask=padding_mask, need_weights=False,
                                       self_attn_mask=streaming_mask, pos_bias=pos_bias)
            if tgt_layer is not None:
                layer_results.append((x, z))
            if i == tgt_layer:
                r = x
                break

        if r is not None:
            x = r

        # T x B x C -> B x T x C
        x = x.transpose(0, 1)

        return x, layer_results


class TransformerSentenceEncoderLayer(nn.Module):
    """
    Implements a Transformer Encoder Layer used in BERT/XLM style pre-trained
    models.
    """

    def __init__(
            self,
            embedding_dim: float = 768,
            ffn_embedding_dim: float = 3072,
            num_attention_heads: float = 8,
            dropout: float = 0.1,
            attention_dropout: float = 0.1,
            activation_dropout: float = 0.1,
            activation_fn: str = "relu",
            layer_norm_first: bool = False,
            has_relative_attention_bias: bool = False,
            num_buckets: int = 0,
            max_distance: int = 0,
            rescale_init: bool = False,
            gru_rel_pos: bool = False,
    ) -> None:

        super().__init__()
        # Initialize parameters
        self.embedding_dim = embedding_dim
        self.dropout = dropout
        self.activation_dropout = activation_dropout

        # Initialize blocks
        self.activation_name = activation_fn
        self.activation_fn = get_activation_fn(activation_fn)
        self.self_attn = MultiheadAttention(
            self.embedding_dim,
            num_attention_heads,
            dropout=attention_dropout,
            self_attention=True,
            has_relative_attention_bias=has_relative_attention_bias,
            num_buckets=num_buckets,
            max_distance=max_distance,
            rescale_init=rescale_init,
            gru_rel_pos=gru_rel_pos,
        )

        self.dropout1 = nn.Dropout(dropout)
        self.dropout2 = nn.Dropout(self.activation_dropout)
        self.dropout3 = nn.Dropout(dropout)

        self.layer_norm_first = layer_norm_first

        # layer norm associated with the self attention layer
        self.self_attn_layer_norm = LayerNorm(self.embedding_dim)

        if self.activation_name == "glu":
            self.fc1 = GLU_Linear(self.embedding_dim, ffn_embedding_dim, "swish")
        else:
            self.fc1 = nn.Linear(self.embedding_dim, ffn_embedding_dim)
        self.fc2 = nn.Linear(ffn_embedding_dim, self.embedding_dim)

        # layer norm associated with the position wise feed-forward NN
        self.final_layer_norm = LayerNorm(self.embedding_dim)

    def forward(
            self,
            x: torch.Tensor,
            self_attn_mask: torch.Tensor = None,
            self_attn_padding_mask: torch.Tensor = None,
            need_weights: bool = False,
            pos_bias=None
    ):
        """
        LayerNorm is applied either before or after the self-attention/ffn
        modules similar to the original Transformer imlementation.
        """
        residual = x

        if self.layer_norm_first:
            x = self.self_attn_layer_norm(x)
            x, attn, pos_bias = self.self_attn(
                query=x,
                key=x,
                value=x,
                key_padding_mask=self_attn_padding_mask,
                need_weights=False,
                attn_mask=self_attn_mask,
                position_bias=pos_bias
            )
            x = self.dropout1(x)
            x = residual + x

            residual = x
            x = self.final_layer_norm(x)
            if self.activation_name == "glu":
                x = self.fc1(x)
            else:
                x = self.activation_fn(self.fc1(x))
            x = self.dropout2(x)
            x = self.fc2(x)
            x = self.dropout3(x)
            x = residual + x
        else:
            x, attn, pos_bias = self.self_attn(
                query=x,
                key=x,
                value=x,
                key_padding_mask=self_attn_padding_mask,
                need_weights=need_weights,
                attn_mask=self_attn_mask,
                position_bias=pos_bias
            )

            x = self.dropout1(x)
            x = residual + x

            x = self.self_attn_layer_norm(x)

            residual = x
            if self.activation_name == "glu":
                x = self.fc1(x)
            else:
                x = self.activation_fn(self.fc1(x))
            x = self.dropout2(x)
            x = self.fc2(x)
            x = self.dropout3(x)
            x = residual + x
            x = self.final_layer_norm(x)

        return x, attn, pos_bias