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# -- encoding: UTF-8 -- | |
from babel._compat import string_types | |
from babel.core import Locale | |
from babel.numbers import format_decimal, LC_NUMERIC | |
class UnknownUnitError(ValueError): | |
def __init__(self, unit, locale): | |
ValueError.__init__(self, "%s is not a known unit in %s" % (unit, locale)) | |
def get_unit_name(measurement_unit, length='long', locale=LC_NUMERIC): | |
""" | |
Get the display name for a measurement unit in the given locale. | |
>>> get_unit_name("radian", locale="en") | |
'radians' | |
Unknown units will raise exceptions: | |
>>> get_unit_name("battery", locale="fi") | |
Traceback (most recent call last): | |
... | |
UnknownUnitError: battery/long is not a known unit/length in fi | |
:param measurement_unit: the code of a measurement unit. | |
Known units can be found in the CLDR Unit Validity XML file: | |
https://unicode.org/repos/cldr/tags/latest/common/validity/unit.xml | |
:param length: "short", "long" or "narrow" | |
:param locale: the `Locale` object or locale identifier | |
:return: The unit display name, or None. | |
""" | |
locale = Locale.parse(locale) | |
unit = _find_unit_pattern(measurement_unit, locale=locale) | |
if not unit: | |
raise UnknownUnitError(unit=measurement_unit, locale=locale) | |
return locale.unit_display_names.get(unit, {}).get(length) | |
def _find_unit_pattern(unit_id, locale=LC_NUMERIC): | |
""" | |
Expand an unit into a qualified form. | |
Known units can be found in the CLDR Unit Validity XML file: | |
https://unicode.org/repos/cldr/tags/latest/common/validity/unit.xml | |
>>> _find_unit_pattern("radian", locale="en") | |
'angle-radian' | |
Unknown values will return None. | |
>>> _find_unit_pattern("horse", locale="en") | |
:param unit_id: the code of a measurement unit. | |
:return: A key to the `unit_patterns` mapping, or None. | |
""" | |
locale = Locale.parse(locale) | |
unit_patterns = locale._data["unit_patterns"] | |
if unit_id in unit_patterns: | |
return unit_id | |
for unit_pattern in sorted(unit_patterns, key=len): | |
if unit_pattern.endswith(unit_id): | |
return unit_pattern | |
def format_unit(value, measurement_unit, length='long', format=None, locale=LC_NUMERIC): | |
"""Format a value of a given unit. | |
Values are formatted according to the locale's usual pluralization rules | |
and number formats. | |
>>> format_unit(12, 'length-meter', locale='ro_RO') | |
u'12 metri' | |
>>> format_unit(15.5, 'length-mile', locale='fi_FI') | |
u'15,5 mailia' | |
>>> format_unit(1200, 'pressure-millimeter-ofhg', locale='nb') | |
u'1\\xa0200 millimeter kvikks\\xf8lv' | |
>>> format_unit(270, 'ton', locale='en') | |
u'270 tons' | |
Number formats may be overridden with the ``format`` parameter. | |
>>> from babel._compat import decimal | |
>>> format_unit(decimal.Decimal("-42.774"), 'temperature-celsius', 'short', format='#.0', locale='fr') | |
u'-42,8\\u202f\\xb0C' | |
The locale's usual pluralization rules are respected. | |
>>> format_unit(1, 'length-meter', locale='ro_RO') | |
u'1 metru' | |
>>> format_unit(0, 'length-mile', locale='cy') | |
u'0 mi' | |
>>> format_unit(1, 'length-mile', locale='cy') | |
u'1 filltir' | |
>>> format_unit(3, 'length-mile', locale='cy') | |
u'3 milltir' | |
>>> format_unit(15, 'length-horse', locale='fi') | |
Traceback (most recent call last): | |
... | |
UnknownUnitError: length-horse is not a known unit in fi | |
.. versionadded:: 2.2.0 | |
:param value: the value to format. If this is a string, no number formatting will be attempted. | |
:param measurement_unit: the code of a measurement unit. | |
Known units can be found in the CLDR Unit Validity XML file: | |
https://unicode.org/repos/cldr/tags/latest/common/validity/unit.xml | |
:param length: "short", "long" or "narrow" | |
:param format: An optional format, as accepted by `format_decimal`. | |
:param locale: the `Locale` object or locale identifier | |
""" | |
locale = Locale.parse(locale) | |
q_unit = _find_unit_pattern(measurement_unit, locale=locale) | |
if not q_unit: | |
raise UnknownUnitError(unit=measurement_unit, locale=locale) | |
unit_patterns = locale._data["unit_patterns"][q_unit].get(length, {}) | |
if isinstance(value, string_types): # Assume the value is a preformatted singular. | |
formatted_value = value | |
plural_form = "one" | |
else: | |
formatted_value = format_decimal(value, format, locale) | |
plural_form = locale.plural_form(value) | |
if plural_form in unit_patterns: | |
return unit_patterns[plural_form].format(formatted_value) | |
# Fall back to a somewhat bad representation. | |
# nb: This is marked as no-cover, as the current CLDR seemingly has no way for this to happen. | |
return '%s %s' % ( # pragma: no cover | |
formatted_value, | |
(get_unit_name(measurement_unit, length=length, locale=locale) or measurement_unit) | |
) | |
def _find_compound_unit(numerator_unit, denominator_unit, locale=LC_NUMERIC): | |
""" | |
Find a predefined compound unit pattern. | |
Used internally by format_compound_unit. | |
>>> _find_compound_unit("kilometer", "hour", locale="en") | |
'speed-kilometer-per-hour' | |
>>> _find_compound_unit("mile", "gallon", locale="en") | |
'consumption-mile-per-gallon' | |
If no predefined compound pattern can be found, `None` is returned. | |
>>> _find_compound_unit("gallon", "mile", locale="en") | |
>>> _find_compound_unit("horse", "purple", locale="en") | |
:param numerator_unit: The numerator unit's identifier | |
:param denominator_unit: The denominator unit's identifier | |
:param locale: the `Locale` object or locale identifier | |
:return: A key to the `unit_patterns` mapping, or None. | |
:rtype: str|None | |
""" | |
locale = Locale.parse(locale) | |
# Qualify the numerator and denominator units. This will turn possibly partial | |
# units like "kilometer" or "hour" into actual units like "length-kilometer" and | |
# "duration-hour". | |
numerator_unit = _find_unit_pattern(numerator_unit, locale=locale) | |
denominator_unit = _find_unit_pattern(denominator_unit, locale=locale) | |
# If either was not found, we can't possibly build a suitable compound unit either. | |
if not (numerator_unit and denominator_unit): | |
return None | |
# Since compound units are named "speed-kilometer-per-hour", we'll have to slice off | |
# the quantities (i.e. "length", "duration") from both qualified units. | |
bare_numerator_unit = numerator_unit.split("-", 1)[-1] | |
bare_denominator_unit = denominator_unit.split("-", 1)[-1] | |
# Now we can try and rebuild a compound unit specifier, then qualify it: | |
return _find_unit_pattern("%s-per-%s" % (bare_numerator_unit, bare_denominator_unit), locale=locale) | |
def format_compound_unit( | |
numerator_value, numerator_unit=None, | |
denominator_value=1, denominator_unit=None, | |
length='long', format=None, locale=LC_NUMERIC | |
): | |
""" | |
Format a compound number value, i.e. "kilometers per hour" or similar. | |
Both unit specifiers are optional to allow for formatting of arbitrary values still according | |
to the locale's general "per" formatting specifier. | |
>>> format_compound_unit(7, denominator_value=11, length="short", locale="pt") | |
'7/11' | |
>>> format_compound_unit(150, "kilometer", denominator_unit="hour", locale="sv") | |
'150 kilometer per timme' | |
>>> format_compound_unit(150, "kilowatt", denominator_unit="year", locale="fi") | |
'150 kilowattia / vuosi' | |
>>> format_compound_unit(32.5, "ton", 15, denominator_unit="hour", locale="en") | |
'32.5 tons per 15 hours' | |
>>> format_compound_unit(160, denominator_unit="square-meter", locale="fr") | |
'160 par m\\xe8tre carr\\xe9' | |
>>> format_compound_unit(4, "meter", "ratakisko", length="short", locale="fi") | |
'4 m/ratakisko' | |
>>> format_compound_unit(35, "minute", denominator_unit="fathom", locale="sv") | |
'35 minuter per famn' | |
>>> from babel.numbers import format_currency | |
>>> format_compound_unit(format_currency(35, "JPY", locale="de"), denominator_unit="liter", locale="de") | |
'35\\xa0\\xa5 pro Liter' | |
See https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr35/tr35-general.html#perUnitPatterns | |
:param numerator_value: The numerator value. This may be a string, | |
in which case it is considered preformatted and the unit is ignored. | |
:param numerator_unit: The numerator unit. See `format_unit`. | |
:param denominator_value: The denominator value. This may be a string, | |
in which case it is considered preformatted and the unit is ignored. | |
:param denominator_unit: The denominator unit. See `format_unit`. | |
:param length: The formatting length. "short", "long" or "narrow" | |
:param format: An optional format, as accepted by `format_decimal`. | |
:param locale: the `Locale` object or locale identifier | |
:return: A formatted compound value. | |
""" | |
locale = Locale.parse(locale) | |
# Look for a specific compound unit first... | |
if numerator_unit and denominator_unit and denominator_value == 1: | |
compound_unit = _find_compound_unit(numerator_unit, denominator_unit, locale=locale) | |
if compound_unit: | |
return format_unit(numerator_value, compound_unit, length=length, format=format, locale=locale) | |
# ... failing that, construct one "by hand". | |
if isinstance(numerator_value, string_types): # Numerator is preformatted | |
formatted_numerator = numerator_value | |
elif numerator_unit: # Numerator has unit | |
formatted_numerator = format_unit( | |
numerator_value, numerator_unit, length=length, format=format, locale=locale | |
) | |
else: # Unitless numerator | |
formatted_numerator = format_decimal(numerator_value, format=format, locale=locale) | |
if isinstance(denominator_value, string_types): # Denominator is preformatted | |
formatted_denominator = denominator_value | |
elif denominator_unit: # Denominator has unit | |
if denominator_value == 1: # support perUnitPatterns when the denominator is 1 | |
denominator_unit = _find_unit_pattern(denominator_unit, locale=locale) | |
per_pattern = locale._data["unit_patterns"].get(denominator_unit, {}).get(length, {}).get("per") | |
if per_pattern: | |
return per_pattern.format(formatted_numerator) | |
# See TR-35's per-unit pattern algorithm, point 3.2. | |
# For denominator 1, we replace the value to be formatted with the empty string; | |
# this will make `format_unit` return " second" instead of "1 second". | |
denominator_value = "" | |
formatted_denominator = format_unit( | |
denominator_value, denominator_unit, length=length, format=format, locale=locale | |
).strip() | |
else: # Bare denominator | |
formatted_denominator = format_decimal(denominator_value, format=format, locale=locale) | |
# TODO: this doesn't support "compound_variations" (or "prefix"), and will fall back to the "x/y" representation | |
per_pattern = locale._data["compound_unit_patterns"].get("per", {}).get(length, {}).get("compound", "{0}/{1}") | |
return per_pattern.format(formatted_numerator, formatted_denominator) | |