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<title>GETTEXT</title> | |
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<h1 align="center">GETTEXT</h1> | |
<a href="#NAME">NAME</a><br> | |
<a href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a><br> | |
<a href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a><br> | |
<a href="#RETURN VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a><br> | |
<a href="#ERRORS">ERRORS</a><br> | |
<a href="#BUGS">BUGS</a><br> | |
<a href="#SEE ALSO">SEE ALSO</a><br> | |
<hr> | |
<h2>NAME | |
<a name="NAME"></a> | |
</h2> | |
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">gettext, | |
dgettext, dcgettext - translate message</p> | |
<h2>SYNOPSIS | |
<a name="SYNOPSIS"></a> | |
</h2> | |
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>#include | |
<libintl.h></b></p> | |
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>char * | |
gettext (const char *</b> <i>msgid</i><b>); <br> | |
char * dgettext (const char *</b> <i>domainname</i><b>, | |
const char *</b> <i>msgid</i><b>); <br> | |
char * dcgettext (const char *</b> <i>domainname</i><b>, | |
const char *</b> <i>msgid</i><b>, <br> | |
int</b> <i>category</i><b>);</b></p> | |
<h2>DESCRIPTION | |
<a name="DESCRIPTION"></a> | |
</h2> | |
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">The | |
<b>gettext</b>, <b>dgettext</b> and <b>dcgettext</b> | |
functions attempt to translate a text string into the | |
user’s native language, by looking up the translation | |
in a message catalog.</p> | |
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">The | |
<i>msgid</i> argument identifies the message to be | |
translated. By convention, it is the English version of the | |
message, with non-ASCII characters replaced by ASCII | |
approximations. This choice allows the translators to work | |
with message catalogs, called PO files, that contain both | |
the English and the translated versions of each message, and | |
can be installed using the <b>msgfmt</b> utility.</p> | |
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">A message | |
domain is a set of translatable <i>msgid</i> messages. | |
Usually, every software package has its own message domain. | |
The domain name is used to determine the message catalog | |
where the translation is looked up; it must be a non-empty | |
string. For the <b>gettext</b> function, it is specified | |
through a preceding <b>textdomain</b> call. For the | |
<b>dgettext</b> and <b>dcgettext</b> functions, it is passed | |
as the <i>domainname</i> argument; if this argument is NULL, | |
the domain name specified through a preceding | |
<b>textdomain</b> call is used instead.</p> | |
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Translation | |
lookup operates in the context of the current locale. For | |
the <b>gettext</b> and <b>dgettext</b> functions, the | |
<b>LC_MESSAGES</b> locale facet is used. It is determined by | |
a preceding call to the <b>setlocale</b> function. | |
<b>setlocale(LC_ALL,"")</b> initializes the | |
<b>LC_MESSAGES</b> locale based on the first nonempty value | |
of the three environment variables <b>LC_ALL</b>, | |
<b>LC_MESSAGES</b>, <b>LANG</b>; see <b>setlocale</b>(3). | |
For the <b>dcgettext</b> function, the locale facet is | |
determined by the <i>category</i> argument, which should be | |
one of the <b>LC_xxx</b> constants defined in the | |
<locale.h> header, excluding <b>LC_ALL</b>. In both | |
cases, the functions also use the <b>LC_CTYPE</b> locale | |
facet in order to convert the translated message from the | |
translator’s codeset to the current locale’s | |
codeset, unless overridden by a prior call to the | |
<b>bind_textdomain_codeset</b> function.</p> | |
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">The message | |
catalog used by the functions is at the pathname | |
<i>dirname</i>/<i>locale</i>/<i>category</i>/<i>domainname</i>.mo. | |
Here <i>dirname</i> is the directory specified through | |
<b>bindtextdomain</b>. Its default is system and | |
configuration dependent; typically it is | |
<i>prefix</i>/share/locale, where <i>prefix</i> is the | |
installation prefix of the package. <i>locale</i> is the | |
name of the current locale facet; the GNU implementation | |
also tries generalizations, such as the language name | |
without the territory name. <i>category</i> is | |
<b>LC_MESSAGES</b> for the <b>gettext</b> and | |
<b>dgettext</b> functions, or the argument passed to the | |
<b>dcgettext</b> function.</p> | |
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">If the | |
<b>LANGUAGE</b> environment variable is set to a nonempty | |
value, and the locale is not the "C" locale, the | |
value of <b>LANGUAGE</b> is assumed to contain a colon | |
separated list of locale names. The functions will attempt | |
to look up a translation of <i>msgid</i> in each of the | |
locales in turn. This is a GNU extension.</p> | |
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">In the | |
"C" locale, or if none of the used catalogs | |
contain a translation for <i>msgid</i>, the <b>gettext</b>, | |
<b>dgettext</b> and <b>dcgettext</b> functions return | |
<i>msgid</i>.</p> | |
<h2>RETURN VALUE | |
<a name="RETURN VALUE"></a> | |
</h2> | |
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">If a | |
translation was found in one of the specified catalogs, it | |
is converted to the locale’s codeset and returned. The | |
resulting string is statically allocated and must not be | |
modified or freed. Otherwise <i>msgid</i> is returned.</p> | |
<h2>ERRORS | |
<a name="ERRORS"></a> | |
</h2> | |
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>errno</b> is | |
not modified.</p> | |
<h2>BUGS | |
<a name="BUGS"></a> | |
</h2> | |
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">The return type | |
ought to be <b>const char *</b>, but is <b>char *</b> to | |
avoid warnings in C code predating ANSI C.</p> | |
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">When an empty | |
string is used for <i>msgid</i>, the functions may return a | |
nonempty string.</p> | |
<h2>SEE ALSO | |
<a name="SEE ALSO"></a> | |
</h2> | |
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>ngettext</b>(3), | |
<b>dngettext</b>(3), <b>dcngettext</b>(3), | |
<b>setlocale</b>(3), <b>textdomain</b>(3), | |
<b>bindtextdomain</b>(3), <b>bind_textdomain_codeset</b>(3), | |
<b>msgfmt</b>(1)</p> | |
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