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<title>GNU gettext utilities: 17. Concluding Remarks</title> | |
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gettext_16.html#SEC338" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td> | |
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<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td> | |
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td> | |
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td> | |
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gettext_toc.html#SEC_Top" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td> | |
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gettext_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td> | |
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gettext_21.html#SEC387" title="Index">Index</a>]</td> | |
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gettext_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td> | |
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<a name="Conclusion"></a> | |
<a name="SEC362"></a> | |
<h1 class="chapter"> <a href="gettext_toc.html#TOC356">17. Concluding Remarks</a> </h1> | |
<p>We would like to conclude this GNU <code>gettext</code> manual by presenting | |
an history of the Translation Project so far. We finally give | |
a few pointers for those who want to do further research or readings | |
about Native Language Support matters. | |
</p> | |
<a name="History"></a> | |
<a name="SEC363"></a> | |
<h2 class="section"> <a href="gettext_toc.html#TOC357">17.1 History of GNU <code>gettext</code></a> </h2> | |
<p>Internationalization concerns and algorithms have been informally | |
and casually discussed for years in GNU, sometimes around GNU | |
<code>libc</code>, maybe around the incoming <code>Hurd</code>, or otherwise | |
(nobody clearly remembers). And even then, when the work started for | |
real, this was somewhat independently of these previous discussions. | |
</p> | |
<p>This all began in July 1994, when Patrick D'Cruze had the idea and | |
initiative of internationalizing version 3.9.2 of GNU <code>fileutils</code>. | |
He then asked Jim Meyering, the maintainer, how to get those changes | |
folded into an official release. That first draft was full of | |
<code>#ifdef</code>s and somewhat disconcerting, and Jim wanted to find | |
nicer ways. Patrick and Jim shared some tries and experimentations | |
in this area. Then, feeling that this might eventually have a deeper | |
impact on GNU, Jim wanted to know what standards were, and contacted | |
Richard Stallman, who very quickly and verbally described an overall | |
design for what was meant to become <code>glocale</code>, at that time. | |
</p> | |
<p>Jim implemented <code>glocale</code> and got a lot of exhausting feedback | |
from Patrick and Richard, of course, but also from Mitchum DSouza | |
(who wrote a <code>catgets</code>-like package), Roland McGrath, maybe David | |
MacKenzie, François Pinard, and Paul Eggert, all pushing and | |
pulling in various directions, not always compatible, to the extent | |
that after a couple of test releases, <code>glocale</code> was torn apart. | |
In particular, Paul Eggert – always keeping an eye on developments | |
in Solaris – advocated the use of the <code>gettext</code> API over | |
<code>glocale</code>'s <code>catgets</code>-based API. | |
</p> | |
<p>While Jim took some distance and time and became dad for a second | |
time, Roland wanted to get GNU <code>libc</code> internationalized, and | |
got Ulrich Drepper involved in that project. Instead of starting | |
from <code>glocale</code>, Ulrich rewrote something from scratch, but | |
more conforming to the set of guidelines who emerged out of the | |
<code>glocale</code> effort. Then, Ulrich got people from the previous | |
forum to involve themselves into this new project, and the switch | |
from <code>glocale</code> to what was first named <code>msgutils</code>, renamed | |
<code>nlsutils</code>, and later <code>gettext</code>, became officially accepted | |
by Richard in May 1995 or so. | |
</p> | |
<p>Let's summarize by saying that Ulrich Drepper wrote GNU <code>gettext</code> | |
in April 1995. The first official release of the package, including | |
PO mode, occurred in July 1995, and was numbered 0.7. Other people | |
contributed to the effort by providing a discussion forum around | |
Ulrich, writing little pieces of code, or testing. These are quoted | |
in the <code>THANKS</code> file which comes with the GNU <code>gettext</code> | |
distribution. | |
</p> | |
<p>While this was being done, François adapted half a dozen of | |
GNU packages to <code>glocale</code> first, then later to <code>gettext</code>, | |
putting them in pretest, so providing along the way an effective | |
user environment for fine tuning the evolving tools. He also took | |
the responsibility of organizing and coordinating the Translation | |
Project. After nearly a year of informal exchanges between people from | |
many countries, translator teams started to exist in May 1995, through | |
the creation and support by Patrick D'Cruze of twenty unmoderated | |
mailing lists for that many native languages, and two moderated | |
lists: one for reaching all teams at once, the other for reaching | |
all willing maintainers of internationalized free software packages. | |
</p> | |
<p>François also wrote PO mode in June 1995 with the collaboration | |
of Greg McGary, as a kind of contribution to Ulrich's package. | |
He also gave a hand with the GNU <code>gettext</code> Texinfo manual. | |
</p> | |
<p>In 1997, Ulrich Drepper released the GNU libc 2.0, which included the | |
<code>gettext</code>, <code>textdomain</code> and <code>bindtextdomain</code> functions. | |
</p> | |
<p>In 2000, Ulrich Drepper added plural form handling (the <code>ngettext</code> | |
function) to GNU libc. Later, in 2001, he released GNU libc 2.2.x, | |
which is the first free C library with full internationalization support. | |
</p> | |
<p>Ulrich being quite busy in his role of General Maintainer of GNU libc, | |
he handed over the GNU <code>gettext</code> maintenance to Bruno Haible in | |
2000. Bruno added the plural form handling to the tools as well, added | |
support for UTF-8 and CJK locales, and wrote a few new tools for | |
manipulating PO files. | |
</p> | |
<a name="The-original-ABOUT_002dNLS"></a> | |
<a name="SEC364"></a> | |
<h2 class="section"> <a href="gettext_toc.html#TOC358">17.2 Notes on the Free Translation Project</a> </h2> | |
<p>This section contains the text that was, for a long time, distributed | |
as a file named <code>ABOUT-NLS</code>. | |
</p> | |
<p><strong> NOTE: </strong> This documentation section is outdated. It it included | |
here for historical purposes only. | |
</p> | |
<p>Free software is going international! The Free Translation Project is | |
a way to get maintainers of free software, translators, and users all | |
together, so that free software will gradually become able to speak many | |
languages. A few packages already provide translations for their messages. | |
</p> | |
<p>If you found this ‘<tt>ABOUT-NLS</tt>’ file inside a distribution, you | |
may assume that the distributed package does use GNU <code>gettext</code> | |
internally, itself available at your nearest GNU archive site. But you | |
do <em>not</em> need to install GNU <code>gettext</code> prior to configuring, | |
installing or using this package with messages translated. | |
</p> | |
<p>Installers will find here some useful hints. These notes also explain | |
how users should proceed for getting the programs to use the available | |
translations. They tell how people wanting to contribute and work | |
on translations can contact the appropriate team. | |
</p> | |
<a name="INSTALL-Matters"></a> | |
<a name="SEC365"></a> | |
<h3 class="subsection"> <a href="gettext_toc.html#TOC359">17.2.1 INSTALL Matters</a> </h3> | |
<p>Some packages are <em>localizable</em> when properly installed; the | |
programs they contain can be made to speak your own native language. | |
Most such packages use GNU <code>gettext</code>. Other packages have their | |
own ways to internationalization, predating GNU <code>gettext</code>. | |
</p> | |
<p>By default, this package will be installed to allow translation of | |
messages. It will automatically detect whether the system already | |
provides the GNU <code>gettext</code> functions. Installers may use special | |
options at configuration time for changing the default behaviour. The | |
command: | |
</p> | |
<table><tr><td> </td><td><pre class="example">./configure --disable-nls | |
</pre></td></tr></table> | |
<p>will <em>totally</em> disable translation of messages. | |
</p> | |
<p>When you already have GNU <code>gettext</code> installed on your system and | |
run configure without an option for your new package, <code>configure</code> | |
will probably detect the previously built and installed ‘<tt>libintl</tt>’ | |
library and will decide to use it. If not, you may have to to use the | |
‘<samp>--with-libintl-prefix</samp>’ option to tell <code>configure</code> where to | |
look for it. | |
</p> | |
<p>Internationalized packages usually have many ‘<tt>po/<var>ll</var>.po</tt>’ | |
files, where <var>ll</var> gives an ISO 639 two-letter code | |
identifying the language. Unless translations have been forbidden | |
at <code>configure</code> time by using the ‘<samp>--disable-nls</samp>’ switch, | |
all available translations are installed together with the package. | |
However, the environment variable <code>LINGUAS</code> may be set, prior | |
to configuration, to limit the installed set. <code>LINGUAS</code> should | |
then contain a space separated list of two-letter codes, stating | |
which languages are allowed. | |
</p> | |
<a name="Using-This-Package"></a> | |
<a name="SEC366"></a> | |
<h3 class="subsection"> <a href="gettext_toc.html#TOC360">17.2.2 Using This Package</a> </h3> | |
<p>As a user, if your language has been installed for this package, you | |
only have to set the <code>LANG</code> environment variable to the appropriate | |
‘<samp><var>ll</var>_<var>CC</var></samp>’ combination. If you happen to have the <code>LC_ALL</code> | |
or some other <code>LC_xxx</code> environment variables set, you should unset them | |
before setting <code>LANG</code>, otherwise the setting of <code>LANG</code> will not | |
have the desired effect. Here ‘<samp><var>ll</var></samp>’ is an | |
ISO 639 two-letter language code, and ‘<samp><var>CC</var></samp>’ is an | |
ISO 3166 two-letter country code. For example, let's suppose that you | |
speak German and live in Germany. At the shell prompt, merely execute | |
‘<samp>setenv LANG de_DE</samp>’ (in <code>csh</code>), | |
‘<samp>export LANG; LANG=de_DE</samp>’ (in <code>sh</code>) or | |
‘<samp>export LANG=de_DE</samp>’ (in <code>bash</code>). This can be done from your | |
‘<tt>.login</tt>’ or ‘<tt>.profile</tt>’ file, once and for all. | |
</p> | |
<p>You might think that the country code specification is redundant. But in | |
fact, some languages have dialects in different countries. For example, | |
‘<samp>de_AT</samp>’ is used for Austria, and ‘<samp>pt_BR</samp>’ for Brazil. The country | |
code serves to distinguish the dialects. | |
</p> | |
<p>The locale naming convention of ‘<samp><var>ll</var>_<var>CC</var></samp>’, with | |
‘<samp><var>ll</var></samp>’ denoting the language and ‘<samp><var>CC</var></samp>’ denoting the | |
country, is the one use on systems based on GNU libc. On other systems, | |
some variations of this scheme are used, such as ‘<samp><var>ll</var></samp>’ or | |
‘<samp><var>ll</var>_<var>CC</var>.<var>encoding</var></samp>’. You can get the list of | |
locales supported by your system for your language by running the command | |
‘<samp>locale -a | grep '^<var>ll</var>'</samp>’. | |
</p> | |
<p>Not all programs have translations for all languages. By default, an | |
English message is shown in place of a nonexistent translation. If you | |
understand other languages, you can set up a priority list of languages. | |
This is done through a different environment variable, called | |
<code>LANGUAGE</code>. GNU <code>gettext</code> gives preference to <code>LANGUAGE</code> | |
over <code>LANG</code> for the purpose of message handling, but you still | |
need to have <code>LANG</code> set to the primary language; this is required | |
by other parts of the system libraries. | |
For example, some Swedish users who would rather read translations in | |
German than English for when Swedish is not available, set <code>LANGUAGE</code> | |
to ‘<samp>sv:de</samp>’ while leaving <code>LANG</code> to ‘<samp>sv_SE</samp>’. | |
</p> | |
<p>Special advice for Norwegian users: The language code for Norwegian | |
bokmål changed from ‘<samp>no</samp>’ to ‘<samp>nb</samp>’ recently (in 2003). | |
During the transition period, while some message catalogs for this language | |
are installed under ‘<samp>nb</samp>’ and some older ones under ‘<samp>no</samp>’, it's | |
recommended for Norwegian users to set <code>LANGUAGE</code> to ‘<samp>nb:no</samp>’ so that | |
both newer and older translations are used. | |
</p> | |
<p>In the <code>LANGUAGE</code> environment variable, but not in the <code>LANG</code> | |
environment variable, ‘<samp><var>ll</var>_<var>CC</var></samp>’ combinations can be | |
abbreviated as ‘<samp><var>ll</var></samp>’ to denote the language's main dialect. | |
For example, ‘<samp>de</samp>’ is equivalent to ‘<samp>de_DE</samp>’ (German as spoken in | |
Germany), and ‘<samp>pt</samp>’ to ‘<samp>pt_PT</samp>’ (Portuguese as spoken in Portugal) | |
in this context. | |
</p> | |
<a name="Translating-Teams"></a> | |
<a name="SEC367"></a> | |
<h3 class="subsection"> <a href="gettext_toc.html#TOC361">17.2.3 Translating Teams</a> </h3> | |
<p>For the Free Translation Project to be a success, we need interested | |
people who like their own language and write it well, and who are also | |
able to synergize with other translators speaking the same language. | |
Each translation team has its own mailing list. The up-to-date list | |
of teams can be found at the Free Translation Project's homepage, | |
‘<tt>https://translationproject.org/</tt>’, in the "Teams" area. | |
</p> | |
<p>If you'd like to volunteer to <em>work</em> at translating messages, you | |
should become a member of the translating team for your own language. | |
The subscribing address is <em>not</em> the same as the list itself, it | |
has ‘<samp>-request</samp>’ appended. For example, speakers of Swedish can send | |
a message to ‘<tt>[email protected]</tt>’, having this message body: | |
</p> | |
<table><tr><td> </td><td><pre class="example">subscribe | |
</pre></td></tr></table> | |
<p>Keep in mind that team members are expected to participate | |
<em>actively</em> in translations, or at solving translational | |
difficulties, rather than merely lurking around. If your team does not | |
exist yet and you want to start one, or if you are unsure about what to | |
do or how to get started, please write to | |
‘<tt>[email protected]</tt>’ to reach the | |
coordinator for all translator teams. | |
</p> | |
<p>The English team is special. It works at improving and uniformizing | |
the terminology in use. Proven linguistic skills are praised | |
more than programming skills, here. | |
</p> | |
<a name="Available-Packages"></a> | |
<a name="SEC368"></a> | |
<h3 class="subsection"> <a href="gettext_toc.html#TOC362">17.2.4 Available Packages</a> </h3> | |
<p>Languages are not equally supported in all packages. The following | |
matrix shows the current state of internationalization, as of | |
July 2020. The matrix shows, in regard of each package, for which | |
languages PO files have been submitted to translation coordination, | |
with a translation percentage of at least 50%. | |
</p> | |
<table><tr><td> </td><td><pre class="example">Ready PO files af an ar ast be bg bn bn_IN ca ckb crh cs da de | |
+---------------------------------------------------+ | |
a2ps | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
aegis | [] [] | | |
anubis | [] [] | | |
aspell | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
bash | [] [] [] [] | | |
bfd | | | |
binutils | [] | | |
bison | [] [] | | |
bison-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
buzztrax | [] [] [] | | |
ccd2cue | [] [] | | |
ccide | [] [] | | |
cflow | [] [] | | |
clisp | [] [] | | |
coreutils | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
cpio | [] [] | | |
cppi | [] [] | | |
cpplib | [] [] [] | | |
cryptsetup | [] [] [] | | |
datamash | [] [] | | |
denemo | [] [] [] | | |
dfarc | [] [] [] | | |
dialog | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
dico | [] [] | | |
diffutils | [] [] [] [] | | |
dink | [] [] [] | | |
direvent | [] [] | | |
doodle | [] [] [] | | |
dos2unix | [] [] | | |
dos2unix-man | [] | | |
e2fsprogs | [] [] [] [] | | |
enscript | [] [] [] | | |
exif | [] [] [] [] | | |
fetchmail | [] [] [] () | | |
findutils | [] [] [] [] | | |
flex | [] [] [] [] | | |
freedink | [] [] [] [] | | |
fusionforge | [] | | |
gas | | | |
gawk | [] [] | | |
gcal | [] [] [] | | |
gcc | [] | | |
gdbm | [] [] | | |
gettext-examples | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gettext-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gettext-tools | [] [] [] [] | | |
gjay | [] | | |
glunarclock | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gnubiff | [] () | | |
gnubik | [] [] [] | | |
gnucash | [] () [] () | | |
gnuchess | [] [] | | |
gnucobol | | | |
gnulib | [] [] [] [] | | |
gnunet | | | |
gnunet-gtk | [] | | |
gnutls | [] [] | | |
gold | | | |
gphoto2 | [] [] () | | |
gprof | [] [] [] | | |
gramadoir | [] [] | | |
grep | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
grip | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
grub | [] [] [] [] | | |
gsasl | [] [] | | |
gss | [] [] | | |
gst-plugins-bad | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gst-plugins-base | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gst-plugins-good | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gst-plugins-ugly | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gstreamer | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gtick | [] [] () | | |
gtkam | [] [] [] () | | |
gtkspell | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
guix | [] [] | | |
guix-manual | [] | | |
guix-packages | | | |
gutenprint | [] [] [] | | |
hello | [] [] [] [] | | |
help2man | [] [] | | |
help2man-texi | [] | | |
hylafax | [] | | |
idutils | [] [] | | |
jwhois | [] | | |
kbd | [] | | |
klavaro | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
ld | [] | | |
libc | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
libexif | () [] [] | | |
libextractor | [] [] | | |
libgphoto2 | [] [] () | | |
libgphoto2_port | [] [] () | | |
libgsasl | [] [] | | |
libiconv | [] [] [] [] | | |
libidn | [] [] [] | | |
libidn2 | [] [] [] | | |
lilypond | [] [] [] [] | | |
lordsawar | [] [] [] | | |
lprng | | | |
lynx | [] [] [] [] | | |
m4 | [] [] [] [] | | |
mailfromd | [] | | |
mailutils | [] | | |
make | [] [] [] [] | | |
man-db | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
man-db-manpages | [] | | |
meritous | [] | | |
midi-instruments | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
minicom | [] [] [] | | |
mkisofs | [] | | |
mpop | [] | | |
msmtp | [] | | |
muibase | () | | |
myserver | [] [] | | |
nano | [] [] [] [] | | |
opcodes | [] | | |
parted | [] [] [] | | |
pies | [] | | |
pnmixer | [] [] | | |
procps-ng | [] | | |
procps-ng-man | [] | | |
psmisc | [] [] [] | | |
pspp | [] [] | | |
pushover | [] () | | |
pwdutils | [] [] | | |
pyspread | [] [] | | |
radius | [] | | |
recode | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
recutils | [] | | |
rush | [] [] | | |
sarg | [] [] | | |
savane | | | |
sed | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
sharutils | [] [] | | |
shepherd | [] [] | | |
shishi | [] | | |
skribilo | [] | | |
solfege | [] [] [] [] | | |
solfege-manual | [] [] | | |
spotmachine | [] [] | | |
sudo | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
sudoers | [] [] [] [] | | |
sysstat | [] [] | | |
tar | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
texinfo | [] [] [] [] | | |
texinfo_document | [] [] [] | | |
tigervnc | [] [] [] [] | | |
tin | [] [] | | |
tin-man | | | |
tracgoogleappsa... | [] [] | | |
trader | [] [] | | |
util-linux | [] [] [] | | |
ve | [] | | |
vmm | [] | | |
vorbis-tools | [] [] [] | | |
wastesedge | [] | | |
wcd | [] [] | | |
wcd-man | [] | | |
wdiff | [] [] [] [] | | |
wget | [] [] | | |
wget2 | [] | | |
wyslij-po | [] [] | | |
xboard | [] [] | | |
xdg-user-dirs | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
xkeyboard-config | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
xz | [] [] | | |
+---------------------------------------------------+ | |
af an ar ast be bg bn bn_IN ca ckb crh cs da de | |
3 2 4 17 6 31 1 1 54 1 1 69 114 138 | |
el en en_GB eo es et eu fa fi fr fur ga gd gl | |
+-------------------------------------------------+ | |
a2ps | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
aegis | [] [] | | |
anubis | [] [] [] | | |
aspell | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
bash | [] [] [] [] | | |
bfd | [] | | |
binutils | [] | | |
bison | [] [] [] | | |
bison-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
buzztrax | [] [] [] | | |
ccd2cue | [] [] [] | | |
ccide | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
cflow | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
clisp | [] [] [] | | |
coreutils | [] [] [] | | |
cpio | [] [] [] [] | | |
cppi | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
cpplib | [] [] [] [] | | |
cryptsetup | [] [] | | |
datamash | [] [] [] | | |
denemo | | | |
dfarc | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
dialog | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
dico | [] [] [] | | |
diffutils | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
dink | [] [] [] [] | | |
direvent | [] [] [] | | |
doodle | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
dos2unix | [] [] [] [] | | |
dos2unix-man | [] [] | | |
e2fsprogs | [] [] | | |
enscript | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
exif | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
fetchmail | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
findutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
flex | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
freedink | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
fusionforge | [] [] | | |
gas | [] [] [] | | |
gawk | [] [] [] | | |
gcal | [] [] | | |
gcc | [] [] | | |
gdbm | [] [] [] [] | | |
gettext-examples | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gettext-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gettext-tools | [] [] [] | | |
gjay | [] [] [] [] | | |
glunarclock | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gnubiff | [] [] () | | |
gnubik | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gnucash | () () () () () | | |
gnuchess | [] [] [] | | |
gnucobol | [] [] | | |
gnulib | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gnunet | [] | | |
gnunet-gtk | [] | | |
gnutls | [] [] [] [] | | |
gold | [] [] [] | | |
gphoto2 | [] [] | | |
gprof | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gramadoir | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
grep | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
grip | [] [] [] [] | | |
grub | [] [] [] [] | | |
gsasl | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gss | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gst-plugins-bad | [] [] | | |
gst-plugins-base | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gst-plugins-good | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gst-plugins-ugly | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gstreamer | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gtick | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gtkam | [] [] [] [] | | |
gtkspell | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
guix | [] [] | | |
guix-manual | [] [] | | |
guix-packages | | | |
gutenprint | [] [] [] | | |
hello | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
help2man | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
help2man-texi | [] [] | | |
hylafax | [] | | |
idutils | [] [] [] [] | | |
jwhois | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
kbd | [] | | |
klavaro | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
ld | [] [] | | |
libc | [] [] [] [] | | |
libexif | () [] [] | | |
libextractor | [] [] | | |
libgphoto2 | [] [] | | |
libgphoto2_port | [] [] [] [] | | |
libgsasl | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
libiconv | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
libidn | [] [] [] | | |
libidn2 | [] [] | | |
lilypond | [] [] [] [] | | |
lordsawar | [] | | |
lprng | | | |
lynx | [] [] [] [] | | |
m4 | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
mailfromd | [] | | |
mailutils | [] [] [] | | |
make | [] [] [] [] | | |
man-db | [] [] [] | | |
man-db-manpages | [] [] | | |
meritous | [] | | |
midi-instruments | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
minicom | [] [] [] | | |
mkisofs | [] [] [] [] | | |
mpop | [] [] | | |
msmtp | [] [] | | |
muibase | [] | | |
myserver | [] [] [] | | |
nano | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
opcodes | [] [] | | |
parted | [] [] [] | | |
pies | [] [] | | |
pnmixer | [] | | |
procps-ng | [] | | |
procps-ng-man | [] | | |
psmisc | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
pspp | [] [] [] [] | | |
pushover | [] [] [] | | |
pwdutils | [] | | |
pyspread | [] | | |
radius | [] [] | | |
recode | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
recutils | [] [] | | |
rush | [] [] | | |
sarg | [] [] | | |
savane | [] [] | | |
sed | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
sharutils | [] [] [] | | |
shepherd | [] [] | | |
shishi | [] [] | | |
skribilo | [] [] [] | | |
solfege | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
solfege-manual | [] [] [] [] | | |
spotmachine | [] [] [] | | |
sudo | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
sudoers | [] [] [] | | |
sysstat | [] [] [] | | |
tar | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
texinfo | [] [] [] | | |
texinfo_document | [] [] [] | | |
tigervnc | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
tin | [] [] | | |
tin-man | [] | | |
tracgoogleappsa... | [] [] [] [] | | |
trader | [] [] [] [] | | |
util-linux | [] [] | | |
ve | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
vmm | [] | | |
vorbis-tools | [] [] [] | | |
wastesedge | [] | | |
wcd | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
wcd-man | [] | | |
wdiff | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
wget | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
wget2 | [] | | |
wyslij-po | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
xboard | [] [] | | |
xdg-user-dirs | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
xkeyboard-config | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
xz | [] [] [] | | |
+-------------------------------------------------+ | |
el en en_GB eo es et eu fa fi fr fur ga gd gl | |
24 1 6 89 122 20 8 4 90 154 24 33 2 38 | |
gu he hi hr hu hy id is it ja ka kk kn ko ku ky | |
+-------------------------------------------------+ | |
a2ps | [] [] [] [] | | |
aegis | [] | | |
anubis | [] [] [] [] | | |
aspell | [] [] [] [] | | |
bash | [] [] [] | | |
bfd | | | |
binutils | | | |
bison | [] | | |
bison-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
buzztrax | | | |
ccd2cue | [] | | |
ccide | [] [] | | |
cflow | [] [] | | |
clisp | | | |
coreutils | [] [] | | |
cpio | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
cppi | [] [] [] [] | | |
cpplib | [] [] | | |
cryptsetup | [] [] | | |
datamash | | | |
denemo | [] | | |
dfarc | [] [] [] | | |
dialog | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
dico | | | |
diffutils | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
dink | [] | | |
direvent | [] | | |
doodle | [] | | |
dos2unix | [] [] | | |
dos2unix-man | | | |
e2fsprogs | [] | | |
enscript | [] [] | | |
exif | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
fetchmail | [] [] [] | | |
findutils | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
flex | | | |
freedink | [] [] [] [] | | |
fusionforge | | | |
gas | [] | | |
gawk | [] () [] | | |
gcal | | | |
gcc | | | |
gdbm | | | |
gettext-examples | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gettext-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gettext-tools | [] [] [] [] | | |
gjay | | | |
glunarclock | [] [] [] [] | | |
gnubiff | [] [] () | | |
gnubik | [] [] | | |
gnucash | () () () () () () [] () () | | |
gnuchess | | | |
gnucobol | | | |
gnulib | [] [] [] | | |
gnunet | | | |
gnunet-gtk | | | |
gnutls | [] | | |
gold | | | |
gphoto2 | [] [] [] [] | | |
gprof | [] [] [] | | |
gramadoir | [] [] | | |
grep | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
grip | [] [] [] [] | | |
grub | [] [] [] | | |
gsasl | [] [] [] [] | | |
gss | [] [] [] [] | | |
gst-plugins-bad | [] [] [] [] | | |
gst-plugins-base | [] [] [] [] | | |
gst-plugins-good | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gst-plugins-ugly | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gstreamer | [] [] [] [] | | |
gtick | [] [] [] | | |
gtkam | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gtkspell | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
guix | | | |
guix-manual | | | |
guix-packages | | | |
gutenprint | [] [] [] | | |
hello | [] [] [] | | |
help2man | [] [] [] | | |
help2man-texi | | | |
hylafax | [] | | |
idutils | [] [] | | |
jwhois | [] [] [] | | |
kbd | | | |
klavaro | [] [] [] [] | | |
ld | | | |
libc | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
libexif | [] | | |
libextractor | | | |
libgphoto2 | | | |
libgphoto2_port | [] [] | | |
libgsasl | [] [] [] | | |
libiconv | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
libidn | [] [] [] [] | | |
libidn2 | [] | | |
lilypond | [] [] | | |
lordsawar | | | |
lprng | [] | | |
lynx | [] [] [] [] | | |
m4 | [] [] [] | | |
mailfromd | | | |
mailutils | | | |
make | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
man-db | [] [] | | |
man-db-manpages | [] | | |
meritous | | | |
midi-instruments | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
minicom | [] [] [] | | |
mkisofs | [] [] | | |
mpop | | | |
msmtp | | | |
muibase | | | |
myserver | [] | | |
nano | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
opcodes | | | |
parted | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
pies | | | |
pnmixer | [] [] | | |
procps-ng | | | |
procps-ng-man | | | |
psmisc | [] [] [] | | |
pspp | [] [] | | |
pushover | [] | | |
pwdutils | [] | | |
pyspread | | | |
radius | [] | | |
recode | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
recutils | | | |
rush | | | |
sarg | | | |
savane | | | |
sed | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
sharutils | | | |
shepherd | | | |
shishi | | | |
skribilo | [] | | |
solfege | [] | | |
solfege-manual | | | |
spotmachine | | | |
sudo | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
sudoers | [] [] [] [] | | |
sysstat | [] [] | | |
tar | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
texinfo | [] [] [] | | |
texinfo_document | [] [] [] | | |
tigervnc | [] [] [] | | |
tin | | | |
tin-man | | | |
tracgoogleappsa... | [] [] [] [] | | |
trader | [] [] | | |
util-linux | [] [] | | |
ve | [] [] | | |
vmm | | | |
vorbis-tools | [] [] | | |
wastesedge | [] | | |
wcd | | | |
wcd-man | | | |
wdiff | [] [] | | |
wget | [] [] [] [] | | |
wget2 | [] [] | | |
wyslij-po | [] [] [] | | |
xboard | | | |
xdg-user-dirs | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
xkeyboard-config | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
xz | [] [] [] | | |
+-------------------------------------------------+ | |
gu he hi hr hu hy id is it ja ka kk kn ko ku ky | |
1 5 1 61 69 2 63 7 76 49 0 2 1 20 3 6 | |
lg lt lv mk ml mn mr ms mt nb ne nl nn or pa pl | |
+---------------------------------------------------+ | |
a2ps | [] [] [] | | |
aegis | [] | | |
anubis | [] [] [] [] | | |
aspell | [] [] [] | | |
bash | [] [] [] | | |
bfd | | | |
binutils | | | |
bison | | | |
bison-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
buzztrax | | | |
ccd2cue | | | |
ccide | [] [] [] | | |
cflow | [] [] | | |
clisp | [] | | |
coreutils | [] [] [] | | |
cpio | [] [] | | |
cppi | [] | | |
cpplib | [] | | |
cryptsetup | [] | | |
datamash | [] [] | | |
denemo | | | |
dfarc | [] [] [] | | |
dialog | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
dico | [] | | |
diffutils | [] [] [] [] | | |
dink | [] | | |
direvent | [] [] | | |
doodle | [] | | |
dos2unix | [] [] [] | | |
dos2unix-man | [] [] | | |
e2fsprogs | [] [] | | |
enscript | [] [] | | |
exif | [] [] [] [] | | |
fetchmail | [] [] | | |
findutils | [] [] [] | | |
flex | [] [] | | |
freedink | [] [] [] | | |
fusionforge | | | |
gas | | | |
gawk | [] [] | | |
gcal | | | |
gcc | | | |
gdbm | [] | | |
gettext-examples | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gettext-runtime | [] [] [] [] | | |
gettext-tools | [] | | |
gjay | | | |
glunarclock | [] [] [] | | |
gnubiff | [] | | |
gnubik | [] [] [] | | |
gnucash | () () () () () [] () | | |
gnuchess | [] [] | | |
gnucobol | | | |
gnulib | [] [] | | |
gnunet | | | |
gnunet-gtk | | | |
gnutls | [] [] | | |
gold | | | |
gphoto2 | [] [] | | |
gprof | [] [] | | |
gramadoir | [] | | |
grep | [] [] [] | | |
grip | [] [] [] | | |
grub | [] [] [] [] | | |
gsasl | [] [] | | |
gss | [] | | |
gst-plugins-bad | [] [] [] [] | | |
gst-plugins-base | [] [] [] [] | | |
gst-plugins-good | [] [] [] [] | | |
gst-plugins-ugly | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gstreamer | [] [] [] [] | | |
gtick | [] [] | | |
gtkam | [] [] [] [] | | |
gtkspell | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
guix | | | |
guix-manual | | | |
guix-packages | | | |
gutenprint | [] | | |
hello | [] [] [] [] | | |
help2man | [] [] | | |
help2man-texi | [] | | |
hylafax | [] | | |
idutils | [] [] [] | | |
jwhois | [] [] [] | | |
kbd | [] | | |
klavaro | [] [] [] [] | | |
ld | | | |
libc | [] [] | | |
libexif | [] [] | | |
libextractor | [] [] | | |
libgphoto2 | [] [] | | |
libgphoto2_port | [] [] | | |
libgsasl | [] [] | | |
libiconv | [] [] [] | | |
libidn | [] [] | | |
libidn2 | [] | | |
lilypond | [] | | |
lordsawar | | | |
lprng | [] | | |
lynx | [] | | |
m4 | [] [] | | |
mailfromd | [] | | |
mailutils | [] | | |
make | [] [] | | |
man-db | [] [] | | |
man-db-manpages | [] | | |
meritous | | | |
midi-instruments | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
minicom | [] [] | | |
mkisofs | [] [] | | |
mpop | | | |
msmtp | | | |
muibase | [] | | |
myserver | | | |
nano | [] [] [] [] | | |
opcodes | | | |
parted | [] [] | | |
pies | [] | | |
pnmixer | [] | | |
procps-ng | [] | | |
procps-ng-man | [] | | |
psmisc | [] [] | | |
pspp | [] [] [] | | |
pushover | | | |
pwdutils | [] [] | | |
pyspread | [] | | |
radius | [] [] | | |
recode | [] [] [] | | |
recutils | [] | | |
rush | [] [] | | |
sarg | | | |
savane | | | |
sed | [] [] [] | | |
sharutils | [] [] | | |
shepherd | | | |
shishi | [] | | |
skribilo | | | |
solfege | [] [] [] | | |
solfege-manual | [] [] | | |
spotmachine | [] | | |
sudo | [] [] [] | | |
sudoers | [] [] [] | | |
sysstat | [] [] [] | | |
tar | [] [] [] | | |
texinfo | [] [] [] | | |
texinfo_document | [] [] | | |
tigervnc | [] | | |
tin | | | |
tin-man | | | |
tracgoogleappsa... | [] [] [] [] | | |
trader | [] | | |
util-linux | [] [] | | |
ve | [] [] | | |
vmm | [] | | |
vorbis-tools | [] [] | | |
wastesedge | [] | | |
wcd | [] | | |
wcd-man | [] | | |
wdiff | [] [] [] [] | | |
wget | [] [] [] | | |
wget2 | [] | | |
wyslij-po | [] [] [] | | |
xboard | [] [] | | |
xdg-user-dirs | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
xkeyboard-config | [] [] | | |
xz | [] | | |
+---------------------------------------------------+ | |
lg lt lv mk ml mn mr ms mt nb ne nl nn or pa pl | |
1 9 16 2 1 3 1 12 2 44 1 111 5 1 3 107 | |
ps pt pt_BR ro ru rw sk sl sq sr sv sw ta te tg | |
+---------------------------------------------------+ | |
a2ps | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
aegis | [] [] [] [] | | |
anubis | [] [] [] [] | | |
aspell | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
bash | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
bfd | [] [] [] | | |
binutils | [] [] [] [] | | |
bison | [] [] [] [] | | |
bison-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
buzztrax | [] [] [] | | |
ccd2cue | [] [] [] | | |
ccide | [] [] [] | | |
cflow | [] [] [] | | |
clisp | [] [] | | |
coreutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
cpio | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
cppi | [] [] [] | | |
cpplib | [] [] [] [] | | |
cryptsetup | [] [] [] [] | | |
datamash | [] [] [] | | |
denemo | | | |
dfarc | [] [] [] | | |
dialog | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
dico | [] [] [] | | |
diffutils | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
dink | [] | | |
direvent | [] [] [] | | |
doodle | [] [] [] | | |
dos2unix | [] [] [] [] | | |
dos2unix-man | [] [] | | |
e2fsprogs | [] [] [] | | |
enscript | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
exif | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
fetchmail | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
findutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
flex | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
freedink | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
fusionforge | | | |
gas | [] [] | | |
gawk | [] [] [] [] | | |
gcal | [] | | |
gcc | [] [] | | |
gdbm | [] [] [] [] | | |
gettext-examples | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gettext-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gettext-tools | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gjay | [] [] | | |
glunarclock | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gnubiff | [] [] | | |
gnubik | [] [] [] [] | | |
gnucash | () () () [] () () | | |
gnuchess | [] [] [] | | |
gnucobol | [] | | |
gnulib | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gnunet | | | |
gnunet-gtk | | | |
gnutls | [] [] [] | | |
gold | [] | | |
gphoto2 | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gprof | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gramadoir | [] [] [] | | |
grep | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
grip | [] [] [] | | |
grub | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gsasl | [] [] [] [] | | |
gss | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gst-plugins-bad | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gst-plugins-base | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gst-plugins-good | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gst-plugins-ugly | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gstreamer | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gtick | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gtkam | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
gtkspell | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
guix | [] | | |
guix-manual | | | |
guix-packages | | | |
gutenprint | [] [] [] [] | | |
hello | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
help2man | [] [] [] [] | | |
help2man-texi | [] [] | | |
hylafax | [] | | |
idutils | [] [] [] [] | | |
jwhois | [] [] [] [] | | |
kbd | [] [] [] [] | | |
klavaro | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
ld | [] [] [] | | |
libc | [] [] [] [] | | |
libexif | [] [] | | |
libextractor | [] [] | | |
libgphoto2 | [] | | |
libgphoto2_port | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
libgsasl | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
libiconv | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
libidn | [] [] [] | | |
libidn2 | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
lilypond | [] | | |
lordsawar | [] | | |
lprng | [] | | |
lynx | [] [] [] | | |
m4 | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
mailfromd | [] [] | | |
mailutils | [] | | |
make | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
man-db | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
man-db-manpages | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
meritous | [] [] | | |
midi-instruments | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
minicom | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
mkisofs | [] [] [] | | |
mpop | [] [] | | |
msmtp | [] [] | | |
muibase | [] | | |
myserver | [] [] [] | | |
nano | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
opcodes | [] [] [] | | |
parted | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
pies | [] | | |
pnmixer | [] () [] [] | | |
procps-ng | [] [] | | |
procps-ng-man | [] [] | | |
psmisc | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
pspp | [] [] | | |
pushover | [] [] | | |
pwdutils | [] [] | | |
pyspread | [] | | |
radius | [] | | |
recode | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
recutils | [] [] [] | | |
rush | [] [] [] | | |
sarg | [] [] [] | | |
savane | [] () | | |
sed | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
sharutils | [] [] [] | | |
shepherd | [] [] [] [] | | |
shishi | [] [] | | |
skribilo | [] [] [] | | |
solfege | [] [] [] | | |
solfege-manual | [] | | |
spotmachine | [] [] [] | | |
sudo | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
sudoers | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
sysstat | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
tar | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
texinfo | [] [] [] [] | | |
texinfo_document | [] [] [] | | |
tigervnc | [] [] [] [] | | |
tin | [] | | |
tin-man | | | |
tracgoogleappsa... | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
trader | [] [] [] [] | | |
util-linux | [] [] [] | | |
ve | [] [] [] [] | | |
vmm | [] [] | | |
vorbis-tools | [] [] [] | | |
wastesedge | [] [] | | |
wcd | [] [] | | |
wcd-man | [] | | |
wdiff | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
wget | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
wget2 | [] | | |
wyslij-po | [] [] [] | | |
xboard | [] [] | | |
xdg-user-dirs | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | |
xkeyboard-config | [] [] [] [] [] | | |
xz | [] [] [] | | |
+---------------------------------------------------+ | |
ps pt pt_BR ro ru rw sk sl sq sr sv sw ta te tg | |
1 46 121 43 86 0 35 35 8 121 132 1 8 1 0 | |
th tr uk ur vi wa wo zh_CN zh_HK zh_TW | |
+------------------------------------------+ | |
a2ps | [] [] [] [] | 30 | |
aegis | [] | 11 | |
anubis | [] [] [] | 20 | |
aspell | [] [] [] [] | 32 | |
bash | [] [] [] [] [] | 24 | |
bfd | [] | 5 | |
binutils | [] | 7 | |
bison | [] [] | 12 | |
bison-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 40 | |
buzztrax | [] [] | 11 | |
ccd2cue | [] [] [] [] | 13 | |
ccide | [] [] [] | 18 | |
cflow | [] [] [] | 17 | |
clisp | | 11 | |
coreutils | [] [] [] [] | 23 | |
cpio | [] [] [] [] | 23 | |
cppi | [] [] [] | 18 | |
cpplib | [] [] [] [] [] | 19 | |
cryptsetup | [] | 13 | |
datamash | [] | 11 | |
denemo | [] | 5 | |
dfarc | [] | 18 | |
dialog | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 46 | |
dico | [] | 10 | |
diffutils | [] [] [] [] [] | 28 | |
dink | [] | 11 | |
direvent | [] [] | 13 | |
doodle | [] | 14 | |
dos2unix | [] [] [] [] | 19 | |
dos2unix-man | [] [] | 9 | |
e2fsprogs | [] [] [] | 15 | |
enscript | [] [] [] | 22 | |
exif | [] [] [] [] | 31 | |
fetchmail | [] [] [] | 21 | |
findutils | [] [] [] [] [] | 32 | |
flex | [] [] [] [] [] | 22 | |
freedink | [] [] | 25 | |
fusionforge | | 3 | |
gas | [] | 7 | |
gawk | [] [] | 15 | |
gcal | [] [] | 8 | |
gcc | | 5 | |
gdbm | [] [] | 13 | |
gettext-examples | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 43 | |
gettext-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] | 34 | |
gettext-tools | [] [] [] [] [] | 25 | |
gjay | [] [] [] | 10 | |
glunarclock | [] [] [] [] | 28 | |
gnubiff | [] [] | 10 | |
gnubik | [] [] [] | 21 | |
gnucash | [] [] () () () | 8 | |
gnuchess | [] [] [] | 13 | |
gnucobol | | 3 | |
gnulib | [] [] [] [] | 24 | |
gnunet | | 1 | |
gnunet-gtk | | 2 | |
gnutls | [] [] [] | 15 | |
gold | [] | 5 | |
gphoto2 | [] [] [] [] | 19 | |
gprof | [] [] [] | 21 | |
gramadoir | [] [] | 15 | |
grep | [] [] [] [] [] | 32 | |
grip | [] [] [] [] [] | 24 | |
grub | [] [] [] [] | 25 | |
gsasl | [] [] [] [] | 21 | |
gss | [] [] | 19 | |
gst-plugins-bad | [] [] [] [] [] | 26 | |
gst-plugins-base | [] [] [] [] | 30 | |
gst-plugins-good | [] [] [] [] [] | 32 | |
gst-plugins-ugly | [] [] [] [] [] | 38 | |
gstreamer | [] [] [] [] [] | 32 | |
gtick | [] [] [] | 21 | |
gtkam | [] [] [] | 24 | |
gtkspell | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 50 | |
guix | | 5 | |
guix-manual | | 3 | |
guix-packages | | 0 | |
gutenprint | [] [] [] | 17 | |
hello | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 33 | |
help2man | [] [] [] | 19 | |
help2man-texi | [] | 7 | |
hylafax | [] | 6 | |
idutils | [] [] [] | 18 | |
jwhois | [] [] [] [] | 20 | |
kbd | [] | 8 | |
klavaro | [] [] [] [] [] | 32 | |
ld | [] | 7 | |
libc | [] [] [] [] [] | 25 | |
libexif | [] [] () | 11 | |
libextractor | [] [] | 10 | |
libgphoto2 | [] [] | 9 | |
libgphoto2_port | [] [] [] [] | 19 | |
libgsasl | [] [] [] | 20 | |
libiconv | [] [] [] [] [] | 30 | |
libidn | [] [] [] | 18 | |
libidn2 | [] [] | 14 | |
lilypond | | 12 | |
lordsawar | [] | 6 | |
lprng | [] | 4 | |
lynx | [] [] [] | 19 | |
m4 | [] [] [] | 24 | |
mailfromd | [] [] | 7 | |
mailutils | [] | 7 | |
make | [] [] [] [] | 24 | |
man-db | [] [] [] [] | 22 | |
man-db-manpages | [] [] | 13 | |
meritous | | 4 | |
midi-instruments | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 43 | |
minicom | [] [] | 18 | |
mkisofs | [] [] [] | 15 | |
mpop | [] | 6 | |
msmtp | [] | 6 | |
muibase | [] | 4 | |
myserver | [] | 10 | |
nano | [] [] [] [] [] | 30 | |
opcodes | [] | 7 | |
parted | [] [] [] [] [] | 24 | |
pies | [] [] | 7 | |
pnmixer | [] [] () | 13 | |
procps-ng | [] [] | 7 | |
procps-ng-man | [] | 6 | |
psmisc | [] [] [] [] | 22 | |
pspp | [] [] [] | 16 | |
pushover | | 7 | |
pwdutils | [] | 9 | |
pyspread | [] | 6 | |
radius | [] [] | 9 | |
recode | [] [] [] [] | 31 | |
recutils | [] [] | 9 | |
rush | [] [] [] | 12 | |
sarg | | 7 | |
savane | | 3 | |
sed | [] [] [] [] [] | 36 | |
sharutils | [] [] [] | 13 | |
shepherd | [] | 9 | |
shishi | [] [] | 8 | |
skribilo | [] | 9 | |
solfege | [] [] [] | 21 | |
solfege-manual | [] | 10 | |
spotmachine | [] [] | 11 | |
sudo | [] [] [] [] [] | 31 | |
sudoers | [] [] [] [] | 23 | |
sysstat | [] [] [] | 19 | |
tar | [] [] [] [] [] | 33 | |
texinfo | [] [] [] | 20 | |
texinfo_document | [] | 15 | |
tigervnc | [] [] [] [] [] | 23 | |
tin | [] [] [] | 8 | |
tin-man | | 1 | |
tracgoogleappsa... | [] [] [] [] [] | 25 | |
trader | | 13 | |
util-linux | [] [] [] [] | 16 | |
ve | [] [] [] | 17 | |
vmm | | 5 | |
vorbis-tools | [] | 14 | |
wastesedge | [] | 7 | |
wcd | [] [] [] | 13 | |
wcd-man | [] | 5 | |
wdiff | [] [] [] [] | 26 | |
wget | [] [] [] [] [] | 27 | |
wget2 | [] | 7 | |
wyslij-po | [] [] [] | 19 | |
xboard | [] [] [] | 11 | |
xdg-user-dirs | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 70 | |
xkeyboard-config | [] [] | 25 | |
xz | [] [] [] [] | 16 | |
+------------------------------------------+ | |
85 teams th tr uk ur vi wa wo zh_CN zh_HK zh_TW | |
166 domains 12 55 117 1 111 6 1 92 4 48 2827 | |
</pre></td></tr></table> | |
<p>Some counters in the preceding matrix are higher than the number of visible | |
blocks let us expect. This is because a few extra PO files are used for | |
implementing regional variants of languages, or language dialects. | |
</p> | |
<p>For a PO file in the matrix above to be effective, the package to which | |
it applies should also have been internationalized and distributed as | |
such by its maintainer. There might be an observable lag between the | |
mere existence a PO file and its wide availability in a distribution. | |
</p> | |
<p>If July 2020 seems to be old, you may fetch a more recent copy | |
of this ‘<tt>ABOUT-NLS</tt>’ file on most GNU archive sites. The most | |
up-to-date matrix with full percentage details can be found at | |
‘<tt>https://translationproject.org/extra/matrix.html</tt>’. | |
</p> | |
<a name="Using-gettext-in-own-code"></a> | |
<a name="SEC369"></a> | |
<h3 class="subsection"> <a href="gettext_toc.html#TOC363">17.2.5 Using <code>gettext</code> in new packages</a> </h3> | |
<p>If you are writing a freely available program and want to internationalize | |
it you are welcome to use GNU ‘<tt>gettext</tt>’ in your package. Of course | |
you have to respect the GNU Lesser General Public License which covers | |
the use of the GNU ‘<tt>gettext</tt>’ library. This means in particular that | |
even non-free programs can use <code>libintl</code> as a shared library, whereas | |
only free software can use <code>libintl</code> as a static library or use | |
modified versions of <code>libintl</code>. | |
</p> | |
<p>Once the sources are changed appropriately and the setup can handle the | |
use of <code>gettext</code> the only thing missing are the translations. The | |
Free Translation Project is also available for packages which are not | |
developed inside the GNU project. Therefore the information given above | |
applies also for every other Free Software Project. Contact | |
‘<tt>[email protected]</tt>’ to make the ‘<tt>.pot</tt>’ files | |
available to the translation teams. | |
</p> | |
<a name="References"></a> | |
<a name="SEC370"></a> | |
<h2 class="section"> <a href="gettext_toc.html#TOC364">17.3 Related Readings</a> </h2> | |
<p><strong> NOTE: </strong> This documentation section is outdated and needs to be | |
revised. | |
</p> | |
<p>Eugene H. Dorr (‘<tt>[email protected]</tt>’) maintains an interesting | |
bibliography on internationalization matters, called | |
<cite>Internationalization Reference List</cite>, which is available as: | |
</p><table><tr><td> </td><td><pre class="example">ftp://ftp.ora.com/pub/examples/nutshell/ujip/doc/i18n-books.txt | |
</pre></td></tr></table> | |
<p>Michael Gschwind (‘<tt>[email protected]</tt>’) maintains a | |
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) list, entitled <cite>Programming for | |
Internationalisation</cite>. This FAQ discusses writing programs which | |
can handle different language conventions, character sets, etc.; | |
and is applicable to all character set encodings, with particular | |
emphasis on ISO 8859-1. It is regularly published in Usenet | |
groups ‘<tt>comp.unix.questions</tt>’, ‘<tt>comp.std.internat</tt>’, | |
‘<tt>comp.software.international</tt>’, ‘<tt>comp.lang.c</tt>’, | |
‘<tt>comp.windows.x</tt>’, ‘<tt>comp.std.c</tt>’, ‘<tt>comp.answers</tt>’ | |
and ‘<tt>news.answers</tt>’. The home location of this document is: | |
</p><table><tr><td> </td><td><pre class="example">ftp://ftp.vlsivie.tuwien.ac.at/pub/8bit/ISO-programming | |
</pre></td></tr></table> | |
<p>Patrick D'Cruze (‘<tt>[email protected]</tt>’) wrote a tutorial about NLS | |
matters, and Jochen Hein (‘<tt>[email protected]</tt>’) took | |
over the responsibility of maintaining it. It may be found as: | |
</p><table><tr><td> </td><td><pre class="example">ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/utils/nls/catalogs/Incoming/... | |
...locale-tutorial-0.8.txt.gz | |
</pre></td></tr></table> | |
<p>This site is mirrored in: | |
</p><table><tr><td> </td><td><pre class="example">ftp://ftp.ibp.fr/pub/linux/sunsite/ | |
</pre></td></tr></table> | |
<p>A French version of the same tutorial should be findable at: | |
</p><table><tr><td> </td><td><pre class="example">ftp://ftp.ibp.fr/pub/linux/french/docs/ | |
</pre></td></tr></table> | |
<p>together with French translations of many Linux-related documents. | |
</p> | |
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