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| <a name="Updating"></a> | |
| <a name="SEC52"></a> | |
| <h1 class="chapter"> <a href="gettext_toc.html#TOC46">7. Updating Existing PO Files</a> </h1> | |
| <a name="msgmerge-Invocation"></a> | |
| <a name="SEC53"></a> | |
| <h2 class="section"> <a href="gettext_toc.html#TOC47">7.1 Invoking the <code>msgmerge</code> Program</a> </h2> | |
| <table><tr><td> </td><td><pre class="example">msgmerge [<var>option</var>] <var>def</var>.po <var>ref</var>.pot | |
| </pre></td></tr></table> | |
| <p>The <code>msgmerge</code> program merges two Uniforum style .po files together. | |
| The <var>def</var>.po file is an existing PO file with translations which will | |
| be taken over to the newly created file as long as they still match; | |
| comments will be preserved, but extracted comments and file positions will | |
| be discarded. The <var>ref</var>.pot file is the last created PO file with | |
| up-to-date source references but old translations, or a PO Template file | |
| (generally created by <code>xgettext</code>); any translations or comments | |
| in the file will be discarded, however dot comments and file positions | |
| will be preserved. Where an exact match cannot be found, fuzzy matching | |
| is used to produce better results. | |
| </p> | |
| <a name="SEC54"></a> | |
| <h3 class="subsection"> <a href="gettext_toc.html#TOC48">7.1.1 Input file location</a> </h3> | |
| <dl compact="compact"> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp><var>def</var>.po</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><p>Translations referring to old sources. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp><var>ref</var>.pot</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><p>References to the new sources. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>-D <var>directory</var></samp>’</dt> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--directory=<var>directory</var></samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX259"></a> | |
| <a name="IDX260"></a> | |
| <p>Add <var>directory</var> to the list of directories. Source files are | |
| searched relative to this list of directories. The resulting ‘<tt>.po</tt>’ | |
| file will be written relative to the current directory, though. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>-C <var>file</var></samp>’</dt> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--compendium=<var>file</var></samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX261"></a> | |
| <a name="IDX262"></a> | |
| <p>Specify an additional library of message translations. See section <a href="gettext_8.html#SEC79">Using Translation Compendia</a>. | |
| This option may be specified more than once. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| </dl> | |
| <a name="SEC55"></a> | |
| <h3 class="subsection"> <a href="gettext_toc.html#TOC49">7.1.2 Operation mode</a> </h3> | |
| <dl compact="compact"> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>-U</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--update</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX263"></a> | |
| <a name="IDX264"></a> | |
| <p>Update <var>def</var>.po. Do nothing if <var>def</var>.po is already up to date. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| </dl> | |
| <a name="SEC56"></a> | |
| <h3 class="subsection"> <a href="gettext_toc.html#TOC50">7.1.3 Output file location</a> </h3> | |
| <dl compact="compact"> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>-o <var>file</var></samp>’</dt> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--output-file=<var>file</var></samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX265"></a> | |
| <a name="IDX266"></a> | |
| <p>Write output to specified file. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| </dl> | |
| <a name="IDX267"></a> | |
| <p>The results are written to standard output if no output file is specified | |
| or if it is ‘<samp>-</samp>’. | |
| </p> | |
| <a name="SEC57"></a> | |
| <h3 class="subsection"> <a href="gettext_toc.html#TOC51">7.1.4 Output file location in update mode</a> </h3> | |
| <p>The result is written back to <var>def</var>.po. | |
| </p> | |
| <dl compact="compact"> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--backup=<var>control</var></samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX268"></a> | |
| <a name="IDX269"></a> | |
| <p>Make a backup of <var>def</var>.po | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--suffix=<var>suffix</var></samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX270"></a> | |
| <p>Override the usual backup suffix. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| </dl> | |
| <a name="IDX271"></a> | |
| <p>The version control method may be selected via the <code>--backup</code> option | |
| or through the <code>VERSION_CONTROL</code> environment variable. Here are the | |
| values: | |
| </p> | |
| <dl compact="compact"> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>none</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>off</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><p>Never make backups (even if <code>--backup</code> is given). | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>numbered</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>t</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><p>Make numbered backups. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>existing</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>nil</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><p>Make numbered backups if numbered backups for this file already exist, | |
| otherwise make simple backups. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>simple</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>never</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><p>Always make simple backups. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| </dl> | |
| <p>The backup suffix is ‘<samp>~</samp>’, unless set with <code>--suffix</code> or the | |
| <code>SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX</code> environment variable. | |
| </p> | |
| <a name="SEC58"></a> | |
| <h3 class="subsection"> <a href="gettext_toc.html#TOC52">7.1.5 Operation modifiers</a> </h3> | |
| <dl compact="compact"> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>-m</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--multi-domain</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX272"></a> | |
| <a name="IDX273"></a> | |
| <p>Apply <var>ref</var>.pot to each of the domains in <var>def</var>.po. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--for-msgfmt</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX274"></a> | |
| <p>Produce a PO file meant for <code>msgfmt</code> only, not for a translator. | |
| This option omits untranslated messages, fuzzy messages (except the header | |
| entry), and obsolete messages from the output. Also, it omits translator | |
| comments and ‘<samp>#: <var>filename</var>:<var>line</var></samp>’ lines from the output. | |
| In particular, this option implies ‘<samp>--no-fuzzy-matching</samp>’. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>-N</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--no-fuzzy-matching</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX275"></a> | |
| <a name="IDX276"></a> | |
| <p>Do not use fuzzy matching when an exact match is not found. This may speed | |
| up the operation considerably. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--previous</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX277"></a> | |
| <p>Keep the previous msgids of translated messages, marked with ‘<samp>#|</samp>’, when | |
| adding the fuzzy marker to such messages. | |
| </p></dd> | |
| </dl> | |
| <a name="SEC59"></a> | |
| <h3 class="subsection"> <a href="gettext_toc.html#TOC53">7.1.6 Input file syntax</a> </h3> | |
| <dl compact="compact"> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>-P</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--properties-input</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX278"></a> | |
| <a name="IDX279"></a> | |
| <p>Assume the input files are Java ResourceBundles in Java <code>.properties</code> | |
| syntax, not in PO file syntax. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--stringtable-input</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX280"></a> | |
| <p>Assume the input files are NeXTstep/GNUstep localized resource files in | |
| <code>.strings</code> syntax, not in PO file syntax. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| </dl> | |
| <a name="SEC60"></a> | |
| <h3 class="subsection"> <a href="gettext_toc.html#TOC54">7.1.7 Output details</a> </h3> | |
| <dl compact="compact"> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--lang=<var>catalogname</var></samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX281"></a> | |
| <p>Specify the ‘<samp>Language</samp>’ field to be used in the header entry. See | |
| <a href="gettext_6.html#SEC51">Filling in the Header Entry</a> for the meaning of this field. Note: The | |
| ‘<samp>Language-Team</samp>’ and ‘<samp>Plural-Forms</samp>’ fields are left unchanged. | |
| If this option is not specified, the ‘<samp>Language</samp>’ field is inferred, as | |
| best as possible, from the ‘<samp>Language-Team</samp>’ field. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--color</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--color=<var>when</var></samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX282"></a> | |
| <p>Specify whether or when to use colors and other text attributes. | |
| See <a href="gettext_9.html#SEC157">The <code>--color</code> option</a> for details. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--style=<var>style_file</var></samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX283"></a> | |
| <p>Specify the CSS style rule file to use for <code>--color</code>. | |
| See <a href="gettext_9.html#SEC159">The <code>--style</code> option</a> for details. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--force-po</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX284"></a> | |
| <p>Always write an output file even if it contains no message. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>-i</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--indent</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX285"></a> | |
| <a name="IDX286"></a> | |
| <p>Write the .po file using indented style. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--no-location</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX287"></a> | |
| <p>Do not write ‘<samp>#: <var>filename</var>:<var>line</var></samp>’ lines. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>-n</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--add-location=<var>type</var></samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX288"></a> | |
| <p>Generate ‘<samp>#: <var>filename</var>:<var>line</var></samp>’ lines (default). | |
| </p> | |
| <p>The optional <var>type</var> can be either ‘<samp>full</samp>’, ‘<samp>file</samp>’, or | |
| ‘<samp>never</samp>’. If it is not given or ‘<samp>full</samp>’, it generates the | |
| lines with both file name and line number. If it is ‘<samp>file</samp>’, the | |
| line number part is omitted. If it is ‘<samp>never</samp>’, it completely | |
| suppresses the lines (same as <code>--no-location</code>). | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--strict</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX289"></a> | |
| <p>Write out a strict Uniforum conforming PO file. Note that this | |
| Uniforum format should be avoided because it doesn't support the | |
| GNU extensions. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>-p</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--properties-output</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX290"></a> | |
| <a name="IDX291"></a> | |
| <p>Write out a Java ResourceBundle in Java <code>.properties</code> syntax. Note | |
| that this file format doesn't support plural forms and silently drops | |
| obsolete messages. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--stringtable-output</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX292"></a> | |
| <p>Write out a NeXTstep/GNUstep localized resource file in <code>.strings</code> syntax. | |
| Note that this file format doesn't support plural forms. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>-w <var>number</var></samp>’</dt> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--width=<var>number</var></samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX293"></a> | |
| <a name="IDX294"></a> | |
| <p>Set the output page width. Long strings in the output files will be | |
| split across multiple lines in order to ensure that each line's width | |
| (= number of screen columns) is less or equal to the given <var>number</var>. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--no-wrap</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX295"></a> | |
| <p>Do not break long message lines. Message lines whose width exceeds the | |
| output page width will not be split into several lines. Only file reference | |
| lines which are wider than the output page width will be split. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>-s</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--sort-output</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX296"></a> | |
| <a name="IDX297"></a> | |
| <a name="IDX298"></a> | |
| <p>Generate sorted output. Note that using this option makes it much harder | |
| for the translator to understand each message's context. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>-F</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--sort-by-file</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX299"></a> | |
| <a name="IDX300"></a> | |
| <p>Sort output by file location. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| </dl> | |
| <a name="SEC61"></a> | |
| <h3 class="subsection"> <a href="gettext_toc.html#TOC55">7.1.8 Informative output</a> </h3> | |
| <dl compact="compact"> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>-h</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--help</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX301"></a> | |
| <a name="IDX302"></a> | |
| <p>Display this help and exit. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>-V</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--version</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX303"></a> | |
| <a name="IDX304"></a> | |
| <p>Output version information and exit. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>-v</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--verbose</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX305"></a> | |
| <a name="IDX306"></a> | |
| <p>Increase verbosity level. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>-q</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--quiet</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dt> ‘<samp>--silent</samp>’</dt> | |
| <dd><a name="IDX307"></a> | |
| <a name="IDX308"></a> | |
| <a name="IDX309"></a> | |
| <p>Suppress progress indicators. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| </dl> | |
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| <tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC52" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td> | |
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