metadata

license: apache-2.0

Introduction

CSMPT7b is a large Czech language model continously pretrained from English MPT7b model. Model trained on ~67b token Large Czech Collection has Czech tokenizer, obtained using our vocabulary swap method (see below).

Eval

Dev eval at CS-HellaSwag (automatically translated HellaSwag benchmark).

Model	CS-HellaSwag Accuracy
mistral7b	0.4992
csmpt@130k steps [released]	0.5004
csmpt@100k steps	0.4959
csmpt@75k steps	0.4895
csmpt@50k steps	0.4755
csmpt@26,5k steps	0.4524

However, we ran validation over the course of training on CS-Hellaswag, and after 100k steps, the improvements were very noisy if any. The improvement over mistral7b is not significant.

More evaluation details teaser.

Loss

We encountered loss spikes during training. As the model always recovered, and our budget for training 7b model was very constrained, we kept on training. We observed such loss spikes before in our ablations. In these ablations (with GPT-2 small), we found these to be

(a) influenced by learning rate, the lower the learning rate, less they appear, as it gets higher, they start to appear, and with too high learning rate, the training might diverge on such loss spike.
(b) in preliminary ablations, they only appear for continuously pretrained models. While we do not know why do they appear, we hypothesize this might be linked to theory on Adam instability in time-domain correlation of update vectors. However such instabilities were previously observed only for much larger models (larger than 65b).

Corpora

The model was trained on 3 corpora, which were hot-swapped during the training. These were collected/filtered during the course of training.

Corpus #1 was the same we used for our Czech GPT-2 training (15,621,685,248 tokens).
Corpus #2 contained 67,981,934,592 tokens, coming mostly from HPLT and CulturaX corpora.
Corpus #3 is Corpus #2 after we removed proportions of the unappropriate content (which avoided our other checks) through linear classifier.

Figure 1: Training loss.

Figure 2: Training loss closeup. We mark two hotswap places, where the training corpus #1 was switched for internal-corpus #2 and internal-corpus #2.1 respectively. Additionaly, we perform two ablations:

(a) After first hot swap, we continued training on the corpus #1 for a while.
(b) On step 94,000, the training loss stopped decreasing, increased, and around step 120,000 (near hot swap #2) started decreasing again. To ablate whether this was an effect of hot-swap,
we resume training from step 93,000 using corpus #3. The optimizer states were reinitialized. Figure 3: Test loss closeup, testing performed on split of internal-corpus #1. See Figure 2 description for ablation explanation.

Training Method

tbd.

Usage

How to Setup Environment

pip install transformers==4.37.2 torch==2.1.2 einops==0.7.0

# be sure to install right flash-attn, we use torch compiled with CUDA 12.1, no ABI, python 3.9, Linux x86_64 architecture
pip install https://github.com/Dao-AILab/flash-attention/releases/download/v2.5.3/flash_attn-2.5.3+cu122torch2.1cxx11abiFALSE-cp39-cp39-linux_x86_64.whl

Running the Code

import torch
import transformers
from transformers import pipeline

name = 'BUT-FIT/csmpt7b'

config = transformers.AutoConfig.from_pretrained(name, trust_remote_code=True)
config.init_device = 'cuda:0'  # For fast initialization directly on GPU!
model = transformers.AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
    name,
    config=config,
    torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16,  # Load model weights in bfloat16
    trust_remote_code=True
)

tokenizer = transformers.AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(name, trust_remote_code=True)

pipe = pipeline('text-generation', model=model, tokenizer=tokenizer, device='cuda:0')

with torch.autocast('cuda', dtype=torch.bfloat16):
    print(
        pipe('Nejznámějším českým spisovatelem ',
             max_new_tokens=100,
             top_p=0.95,
             repetition_penalty=1.0,
             do_sample=True,
             use_cache=True))

Training Data

We release most (95.79%) of our training data corpus BUT-Large Czech Collection.

Our Release Plan

Stage	Description	Date
1	'Best' model + training data	11.03.2024
2	All checkpoints + training code
3	Benczechmark a collection of Czech datasets for few-shot LLM evaluation Get in touch if you want to contribute!
4	Preprint Publication

Getting in Touch

For further questions, email to [email protected].

Disclaimer

This is a probabilistic model, it can output stochastic information. Authors are not responsible for the model outputs. Use at your own risk.

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by NAKI III program of Ministry of Culture Czech Republic, project semANT --- "Sémantický průzkumník textového kulturního dědictví" grant no. DH23P03OVV060 and by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic through the e-INFRA CZ (ID:90254).

Citation

@article{benczechmark,
  author    = {Martin Fajčík, Martin Dočekal, Jan Doležal, Karel Beneš, Michal Hradiš},
  title     = {BenCzechMark: Machine Language Understanding Benchmark for Czech Language},
  journal   = {arXiv preprint arXiv:insert-arxiv-number-here},
  year      = {2024},
  month     = {March},
  eprint    = {insert-arxiv-number-here},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  primaryClass  = {cs.CL},
}