|
--- |
|
language: |
|
- en |
|
library_name: sentence-transformers |
|
tags: |
|
- sentence-transformers |
|
- sentence-similarity |
|
- feature-extraction |
|
- dataset_size:1K<n<10K |
|
- loss:MultipleNegativesRankingLoss |
|
- loss:CoSENTLoss |
|
base_model: google-bert/bert-base-uncased |
|
widget: |
|
- source_sentence: A sleeping man. |
|
sentences: |
|
- A man is sleeping. |
|
- The child is dancing inside. |
|
- A women in black drinks. |
|
- source_sentence: the guy is dead |
|
sentences: |
|
- There is a man on the ground. |
|
- The man is playing a guitar. |
|
- A women in black drinks. |
|
- source_sentence: There is a party |
|
sentences: |
|
- People gather for an event. |
|
- The woman's hands are empty. |
|
- The dog is in the water. |
|
- source_sentence: Women are running. |
|
sentences: |
|
- Two women are running. |
|
- A small dog is laying on a bed. |
|
- A small boy laying on a sofa with a dog. |
|
- source_sentence: A plane in the sky. |
|
sentences: |
|
- Two airplanes in the sky. |
|
- A man is erasing a chalk board. |
|
- A small boy laying on a sofa with a dog. |
|
pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity |
|
--- |
|
|
|
# SentenceTransformer based on google-bert/bert-base-uncased |
|
|
|
This is a [sentence-transformers](https://www.SBERT.net) model finetuned from [google-bert/bert-base-uncased](https://huggingface.co/google-bert/bert-base-uncased) on the [all-nli-triplet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/sentence-transformers/all-nli) and [stsb](https://huggingface.co/datasets/sentence-transformers/stsb) datasets. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 768-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more. |
|
|
|
## Model Details |
|
|
|
### Model Description |
|
- **Model Type:** Sentence Transformer |
|
- **Base model:** [google-bert/bert-base-uncased](https://huggingface.co/google-bert/bert-base-uncased) <!-- at revision 86b5e0934494bd15c9632b12f734a8a67f723594 --> |
|
- **Maximum Sequence Length:** 512 tokens |
|
- **Output Dimensionality:** 768 tokens |
|
- **Similarity Function:** Cosine Similarity |
|
- **Training Datasets:** |
|
- [all-nli-triplet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/sentence-transformers/all-nli) |
|
- [stsb](https://huggingface.co/datasets/sentence-transformers/stsb) |
|
- **Language:** en |
|
<!-- - **License:** Unknown --> |
|
|
|
### Model Sources |
|
|
|
- **Documentation:** [Sentence Transformers Documentation](https://sbert.net) |
|
- **Repository:** [Sentence Transformers on GitHub](https://github.com/UKPLab/sentence-transformers) |
|
- **Hugging Face:** [Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models?library=sentence-transformers) |
|
|
|
### Full Model Architecture |
|
|
|
``` |
|
SentenceTransformer( |
|
(0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': False}) with Transformer model: BertModel |
|
(1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 768, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': True, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True}) |
|
) |
|
``` |
|
|
|
## Usage |
|
|
|
### Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers) |
|
|
|
First install the Sentence Transformers library: |
|
|
|
```bash |
|
pip install -U sentence-transformers |
|
``` |
|
|
|
Then you can load this model and run inference. |
|
```python |
|
from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer |
|
|
|
# Download from the 🤗 Hub |
|
model = SentenceTransformer("aisuko/ft-with-st") |
|
# Run inference |
|
sentences = [ |
|
'A plane in the sky.', |
|
'Two airplanes in the sky.', |
|
'A man is erasing a chalk board.', |
|
] |
|
embeddings = model.encode(sentences) |
|
print(embeddings.shape) |
|
# [3, 768] |
|
|
|
# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings |
|
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings) |
|
print(similarities.shape) |
|
# [3, 3] |
|
``` |
|
|
|
<!-- |
|
### Direct Usage (Transformers) |
|
|
|
<details><summary>Click to see the direct usage in Transformers</summary> |
|
|
|
</details> |
|
--> |
|
|
|
<!-- |
|
### Downstream Usage (Sentence Transformers) |
|
|
|
You can finetune this model on your own dataset. |
|
|
|
<details><summary>Click to expand</summary> |
|
|
|
</details> |
|
--> |
|
|
|
<!-- |
|
### Out-of-Scope Use |
|
|
|
*List how the model may foreseeably be misused and address what users ought not to do with the model.* |
|
--> |
|
|
|
<!-- |
|
## Bias, Risks and Limitations |
|
|
|
*What are the known or foreseeable issues stemming from this model? You could also flag here known failure cases or weaknesses of the model.* |
|
--> |
|
|
|
<!-- |
|
### Recommendations |
|
|
|
*What are recommendations with respect to the foreseeable issues? For example, filtering explicit content.* |
|
--> |
|
|
|
## Training Details |
|
|
|
### Training Datasets |
|
|
|
#### all-nli-triplet |
|
|
|
* Dataset: [all-nli-triplet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/sentence-transformers/all-nli) at [d482672](https://huggingface.co/datasets/sentence-transformers/all-nli/tree/d482672c8e74ce18da116f430137434ba2e52fab) |
|
* Size: 500 training samples |
|
* Columns: <code>anchor</code>, <code>positive</code>, and <code>negative</code> |
|
* Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples: |
|
| | anchor | positive | negative | |
|
|:--------|:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| |
|
| type | string | string | string | |
|
| details | <ul><li>min: 7 tokens</li><li>mean: 12.26 tokens</li><li>max: 46 tokens</li></ul> | <ul><li>min: 6 tokens</li><li>mean: 12.97 tokens</li><li>max: 30 tokens</li></ul> | <ul><li>min: 5 tokens</li><li>mean: 12.64 tokens</li><li>max: 30 tokens</li></ul> | |
|
* Samples: |
|
| anchor | positive | negative | |
|
|:---------------------------------------------------------------------------|:-------------------------------------------------|:-----------------------------------------------------------| |
|
| <code>A person on a horse jumps over a broken down airplane.</code> | <code>A person is outdoors, on a horse.</code> | <code>A person is at a diner, ordering an omelette.</code> | |
|
| <code>Children smiling and waving at camera</code> | <code>There are children present</code> | <code>The kids are frowning</code> | |
|
| <code>A boy is jumping on skateboard in the middle of a red bridge.</code> | <code>The boy does a skateboarding trick.</code> | <code>The boy skates down the sidewalk.</code> | |
|
* Loss: [<code>MultipleNegativesRankingLoss</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/losses.html#multiplenegativesrankingloss) with these parameters: |
|
```json |
|
{ |
|
"scale": 20.0, |
|
"similarity_fct": "cos_sim" |
|
} |
|
``` |
|
|
|
#### stsb |
|
|
|
* Dataset: [stsb](https://huggingface.co/datasets/sentence-transformers/stsb) at [ab7a5ac](https://huggingface.co/datasets/sentence-transformers/stsb/tree/ab7a5ac0e35aa22088bdcf23e7fd99b220e53308) |
|
* Size: 500 training samples |
|
* Columns: <code>sentence1</code>, <code>sentence2</code>, and <code>score</code> |
|
* Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples: |
|
| | sentence1 | sentence2 | score | |
|
|:--------|:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:---------------------------------------------------------------| |
|
| type | string | string | float | |
|
| details | <ul><li>min: 6 tokens</li><li>mean: 9.94 tokens</li><li>max: 21 tokens</li></ul> | <ul><li>min: 6 tokens</li><li>mean: 9.88 tokens</li><li>max: 17 tokens</li></ul> | <ul><li>min: 0.0</li><li>mean: 0.47</li><li>max: 1.0</li></ul> | |
|
* Samples: |
|
| sentence1 | sentence2 | score | |
|
|:-----------------------------------------------------------|:----------------------------------------------------------------------|:------------------| |
|
| <code>A plane is taking off.</code> | <code>An air plane is taking off.</code> | <code>1.0</code> | |
|
| <code>A man is playing a large flute.</code> | <code>A man is playing a flute.</code> | <code>0.76</code> | |
|
| <code>A man is spreading shreded cheese on a pizza.</code> | <code>A man is spreading shredded cheese on an uncooked pizza.</code> | <code>0.76</code> | |
|
* Loss: [<code>CoSENTLoss</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/losses.html#cosentloss) with these parameters: |
|
```json |
|
{ |
|
"scale": 20.0, |
|
"similarity_fct": "pairwise_cos_sim" |
|
} |
|
``` |
|
|
|
### Evaluation Datasets |
|
|
|
#### all-nli-triplet |
|
|
|
* Dataset: [all-nli-triplet](https://huggingface.co/datasets/sentence-transformers/all-nli) at [d482672](https://huggingface.co/datasets/sentence-transformers/all-nli/tree/d482672c8e74ce18da116f430137434ba2e52fab) |
|
* Size: 400 evaluation samples |
|
* Columns: <code>anchor</code>, <code>positive</code>, and <code>negative</code> |
|
* Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples: |
|
| | anchor | positive | negative | |
|
|:--------|:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| |
|
| type | string | string | string | |
|
| details | <ul><li>min: 6 tokens</li><li>mean: 17.93 tokens</li><li>max: 53 tokens</li></ul> | <ul><li>min: 5 tokens</li><li>mean: 9.78 tokens</li><li>max: 28 tokens</li></ul> | <ul><li>min: 5 tokens</li><li>mean: 10.45 tokens</li><li>max: 29 tokens</li></ul> | |
|
* Samples: |
|
| anchor | positive | negative | |
|
|:-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:------------------------------------------------------------|:--------------------------------------------------------| |
|
| <code>Two women are embracing while holding to go packages.</code> | <code>Two woman are holding packages.</code> | <code>The men are fighting outside a deli.</code> | |
|
| <code>Two young children in blue jerseys, one with the number 9 and one with the number 2 are standing on wooden steps in a bathroom and washing their hands in a sink.</code> | <code>Two kids in numbered jerseys wash their hands.</code> | <code>Two kids in jackets walk to school.</code> | |
|
| <code>A man selling donuts to a customer during a world exhibition event held in the city of Angeles</code> | <code>A man selling donuts to a customer.</code> | <code>A woman drinks her coffee in a small cafe.</code> | |
|
* Loss: [<code>MultipleNegativesRankingLoss</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/losses.html#multiplenegativesrankingloss) with these parameters: |
|
```json |
|
{ |
|
"scale": 20.0, |
|
"similarity_fct": "cos_sim" |
|
} |
|
``` |
|
|
|
#### stsb |
|
|
|
* Dataset: [stsb](https://huggingface.co/datasets/sentence-transformers/stsb) at [ab7a5ac](https://huggingface.co/datasets/sentence-transformers/stsb/tree/ab7a5ac0e35aa22088bdcf23e7fd99b220e53308) |
|
* Size: 400 evaluation samples |
|
* Columns: <code>sentence1</code>, <code>sentence2</code>, and <code>score</code> |
|
* Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples: |
|
| | sentence1 | sentence2 | score | |
|
|:--------|:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:---------------------------------------------------------------| |
|
| type | string | string | float | |
|
| details | <ul><li>min: 6 tokens</li><li>mean: 10.9 tokens</li><li>max: 23 tokens</li></ul> | <ul><li>min: 6 tokens</li><li>mean: 10.95 tokens</li><li>max: 22 tokens</li></ul> | <ul><li>min: 0.0</li><li>mean: 0.48</li><li>max: 1.0</li></ul> | |
|
* Samples: |
|
| sentence1 | sentence2 | score | |
|
|:--------------------------------------------------|:------------------------------------------------------|:------------------| |
|
| <code>A man with a hard hat is dancing.</code> | <code>A man wearing a hard hat is dancing.</code> | <code>1.0</code> | |
|
| <code>A young child is riding a horse.</code> | <code>A child is riding a horse.</code> | <code>0.95</code> | |
|
| <code>A man is feeding a mouse to a snake.</code> | <code>The man is feeding a mouse to the snake.</code> | <code>1.0</code> | |
|
* Loss: [<code>CoSENTLoss</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/losses.html#cosentloss) with these parameters: |
|
```json |
|
{ |
|
"scale": 20.0, |
|
"similarity_fct": "pairwise_cos_sim" |
|
} |
|
``` |
|
|
|
### Training Hyperparameters |
|
#### Non-Default Hyperparameters |
|
|
|
- `eval_strategy`: steps |
|
- `per_device_train_batch_size`: 16 |
|
- `per_device_eval_batch_size`: 16 |
|
- `num_train_epochs`: 1 |
|
- `warmup_ratio`: 0.1 |
|
- `fp16`: True |
|
- `batch_sampler`: no_duplicates |
|
|
|
#### All Hyperparameters |
|
<details><summary>Click to expand</summary> |
|
|
|
- `overwrite_output_dir`: False |
|
- `do_predict`: False |
|
- `eval_strategy`: steps |
|
- `prediction_loss_only`: True |
|
- `per_device_train_batch_size`: 16 |
|
- `per_device_eval_batch_size`: 16 |
|
- `per_gpu_train_batch_size`: None |
|
- `per_gpu_eval_batch_size`: None |
|
- `gradient_accumulation_steps`: 1 |
|
- `eval_accumulation_steps`: None |
|
- `learning_rate`: 5e-05 |
|
- `weight_decay`: 0.0 |
|
- `adam_beta1`: 0.9 |
|
- `adam_beta2`: 0.999 |
|
- `adam_epsilon`: 1e-08 |
|
- `max_grad_norm`: 1.0 |
|
- `num_train_epochs`: 1 |
|
- `max_steps`: -1 |
|
- `lr_scheduler_type`: linear |
|
- `lr_scheduler_kwargs`: {} |
|
- `warmup_ratio`: 0.1 |
|
- `warmup_steps`: 0 |
|
- `log_level`: passive |
|
- `log_level_replica`: warning |
|
- `log_on_each_node`: True |
|
- `logging_nan_inf_filter`: True |
|
- `save_safetensors`: True |
|
- `save_on_each_node`: False |
|
- `save_only_model`: False |
|
- `restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint`: False |
|
- `no_cuda`: False |
|
- `use_cpu`: False |
|
- `use_mps_device`: False |
|
- `seed`: 42 |
|
- `data_seed`: None |
|
- `jit_mode_eval`: False |
|
- `use_ipex`: False |
|
- `bf16`: False |
|
- `fp16`: True |
|
- `fp16_opt_level`: O1 |
|
- `half_precision_backend`: auto |
|
- `bf16_full_eval`: False |
|
- `fp16_full_eval`: False |
|
- `tf32`: None |
|
- `local_rank`: 0 |
|
- `ddp_backend`: None |
|
- `tpu_num_cores`: None |
|
- `tpu_metrics_debug`: False |
|
- `debug`: [] |
|
- `dataloader_drop_last`: False |
|
- `dataloader_num_workers`: 0 |
|
- `dataloader_prefetch_factor`: None |
|
- `past_index`: -1 |
|
- `disable_tqdm`: False |
|
- `remove_unused_columns`: True |
|
- `label_names`: None |
|
- `load_best_model_at_end`: False |
|
- `ignore_data_skip`: False |
|
- `fsdp`: [] |
|
- `fsdp_min_num_params`: 0 |
|
- `fsdp_config`: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False} |
|
- `fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap`: None |
|
- `accelerator_config`: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None} |
|
- `deepspeed`: None |
|
- `label_smoothing_factor`: 0.0 |
|
- `optim`: adamw_torch |
|
- `optim_args`: None |
|
- `adafactor`: False |
|
- `group_by_length`: False |
|
- `length_column_name`: length |
|
- `ddp_find_unused_parameters`: None |
|
- `ddp_bucket_cap_mb`: None |
|
- `ddp_broadcast_buffers`: False |
|
- `dataloader_pin_memory`: True |
|
- `dataloader_persistent_workers`: False |
|
- `skip_memory_metrics`: True |
|
- `use_legacy_prediction_loop`: False |
|
- `push_to_hub`: False |
|
- `resume_from_checkpoint`: None |
|
- `hub_model_id`: None |
|
- `hub_strategy`: every_save |
|
- `hub_private_repo`: False |
|
- `hub_always_push`: False |
|
- `gradient_checkpointing`: False |
|
- `gradient_checkpointing_kwargs`: None |
|
- `include_inputs_for_metrics`: False |
|
- `eval_do_concat_batches`: True |
|
- `fp16_backend`: auto |
|
- `push_to_hub_model_id`: None |
|
- `push_to_hub_organization`: None |
|
- `mp_parameters`: |
|
- `auto_find_batch_size`: False |
|
- `full_determinism`: False |
|
- `torchdynamo`: None |
|
- `ray_scope`: last |
|
- `ddp_timeout`: 1800 |
|
- `torch_compile`: False |
|
- `torch_compile_backend`: None |
|
- `torch_compile_mode`: None |
|
- `dispatch_batches`: None |
|
- `split_batches`: None |
|
- `include_tokens_per_second`: False |
|
- `include_num_input_tokens_seen`: False |
|
- `neftune_noise_alpha`: None |
|
- `optim_target_modules`: None |
|
- `batch_eval_metrics`: False |
|
- `batch_sampler`: no_duplicates |
|
- `multi_dataset_batch_sampler`: proportional |
|
|
|
</details> |
|
|
|
### Framework Versions |
|
- Python: 3.10.13 |
|
- Sentence Transformers: 3.0.0 |
|
- Transformers: 4.41.1 |
|
- PyTorch: 2.1.2 |
|
- Accelerate: 0.30.1 |
|
- Datasets: 2.19.1 |
|
- Tokenizers: 0.19.1 |
|
|
|
## Citation |
|
|
|
### BibTeX |
|
|
|
#### Sentence Transformers |
|
```bibtex |
|
@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert, |
|
title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks", |
|
author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna", |
|
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing", |
|
month = "11", |
|
year = "2019", |
|
publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics", |
|
url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084", |
|
} |
|
``` |
|
|
|
#### MultipleNegativesRankingLoss |
|
```bibtex |
|
@misc{henderson2017efficient, |
|
title={Efficient Natural Language Response Suggestion for Smart Reply}, |
|
author={Matthew Henderson and Rami Al-Rfou and Brian Strope and Yun-hsuan Sung and Laszlo Lukacs and Ruiqi Guo and Sanjiv Kumar and Balint Miklos and Ray Kurzweil}, |
|
year={2017}, |
|
eprint={1705.00652}, |
|
archivePrefix={arXiv}, |
|
primaryClass={cs.CL} |
|
} |
|
``` |
|
|
|
#### CoSENTLoss |
|
```bibtex |
|
@online{kexuefm-8847, |
|
title={CoSENT: A more efficient sentence vector scheme than Sentence-BERT}, |
|
author={Su Jianlin}, |
|
year={2022}, |
|
month={Jan}, |
|
url={https://kexue.fm/archives/8847}, |
|
} |
|
``` |
|
|
|
<!-- |
|
## Glossary |
|
|
|
*Clearly define terms in order to be accessible across audiences.* |
|
--> |
|
|
|
<!-- |
|
## Model Card Authors |
|
|
|
*Lists the people who create the model card, providing recognition and accountability for the detailed work that goes into its construction.* |
|
--> |
|
|
|
<!-- |
|
## Model Card Contact |
|
|
|
*Provides a way for people who have updates to the Model Card, suggestions, or questions, to contact the Model Card authors.* |
|
--> |
