id
int64 0
45.1k
| file_name
stringlengths 4
68
| file_path
stringlengths 14
193
| content
stringlengths 32
9.62M
| size
int64 32
9.62M
| language
stringclasses 1
value | extension
stringclasses 6
values | total_lines
int64 1
136k
| avg_line_length
float64 3
903k
| max_line_length
int64 3
4.51M
| alphanum_fraction
float64 0
1
| repo_name
stringclasses 779
values | repo_stars
int64 0
882
| repo_forks
int64 0
108
| repo_open_issues
int64 0
90
| repo_license
stringclasses 8
values | repo_extraction_date
stringclasses 146
values | sha
stringlengths 64
64
| __index_level_0__
int64 0
45.1k
| exdup_ids_cmlisp_stkv2
sequencelengths 1
47
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
32,619 | lazy-list-test.asd | mkrauss_lazy-list/lazy-list-test.asd | (defpackage :lazy-list-test-system (:use :cl :asdf))
(in-package :lazy-list-test-system)
(defsystem "lazy-list-test"
:description "Test suite for Lazy List"
:version "0.0.1"
:author "Matthew Krauss <[email protected]>"
:license "Not for distribution"
:depends-on ("parachute" "lazy-list")
:serial t
:components ((:module "test" :serial t
:components ((:file "package")
(:file "core")
(:file "sequence")))))
| 523 | Common Lisp | .asd | 13 | 30.538462 | 59 | 0.563851 | mkrauss/lazy-list | 0 | 0 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:11 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | d11f1059184d4f231005ebcd1994b69c8fadecf3f5f19063eb48dae59470096c | 32,619 | [
-1
] |
32,620 | lazy-list.asd | mkrauss_lazy-list/lazy-list.asd | (defpackage :lazy-list-system (:use :cl :asdf))
(in-package :lazy-list-system)
(defsystem "lazy-list"
:description "Lazy List: A modest experiment in bringing limited laziness to LISt Processing"
:version "0.0.1"
:author "Matthew Krauss <[email protected]>"
:license "Not for distribution"
:depends-on ()
:serial t
:components ((:module "core" :serial t
:components ((:file "package")
(:file "lcons")
(:file "lcar")
(:file "lcdr")
(:file "materialize")
(:file "print-object")
(:file "take")
(:file "take-while")))
(:module "sequence" :serial t
:components ((:file "package")
(:file "series")
(:file "lmapcar")
(:file "lfilter")
(:file "lappend")
(:file "lmappend")
(:file "lcross")))
(:file "package")))
| 1,281 | Common Lisp | .asd | 27 | 25.185185 | 95 | 0.381484 | mkrauss/lazy-list | 0 | 0 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:11 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 481084fb2b78afacbef97702b3716711fc0bc050f5a9b09cd35fa1302ec3965c | 32,620 | [
-1
] |
32,657 | guess-number.lisp | theminshew_learning-lisp/guess-number.lisp | (defun guess-my-number ()
(ash (+ *small* *big*) -1))
(defun smaller ()
(setf *big* (1- (guess-my-number)))
(guess-my-number))
(defun bigger ()
(setf *small* (1+ (guess-my-number)))
(guess-my-number))
(defun start-over ()
(defparameter *small* 1)
(defparameter *big* 100)
(guess-my-number))
| 316 | Common Lisp | .lisp | 12 | 23.25 | 41 | 0.626263 | theminshew/learning-lisp | 0 | 0 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:19 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 253ffc9d7b0dfbd411a4baa16b9b6cbacd8c2aee41a48ea18aedc64f9940d5a6 | 32,657 | [
6985,
83879,
185182,
312325
] |
32,660 | guess-number.lib | theminshew_learning-lisp/guess-number.lib | #0Y_ #0Y |CHARSET|::|UTF-8|
(|SYSTEM|::|C-DEFUN| '|COMMON-LISP-USER|::|GUESS-MY-NUMBER|
(|SYSTEM|::|LAMBDA-LIST-TO-SIGNATURE| '|COMMON-LISP|::|NIL|))
(|SYSTEM|::|C-DEFUN| '|COMMON-LISP-USER|::|SMALLER|
(|SYSTEM|::|LAMBDA-LIST-TO-SIGNATURE| '|COMMON-LISP|::|NIL|))
(|SYSTEM|::|C-DEFUN| '|COMMON-LISP-USER|::|BIGGER|
(|SYSTEM|::|LAMBDA-LIST-TO-SIGNATURE| '|COMMON-LISP|::|NIL|))
(|SYSTEM|::|C-DEFUN| '|COMMON-LISP-USER|::|START-OVER|
(|SYSTEM|::|LAMBDA-LIST-TO-SIGNATURE| '|COMMON-LISP|::|NIL|))
(|SYSTEM|::|C-PROCLAIM|
'(|COMMON-LISP|::|SPECIAL| |COMMON-LISP-USER|::|*SMALL*|))
(|SYSTEM|::|C-PROCLAIM|
'(|COMMON-LISP|::|SPECIAL| |COMMON-LISP-USER|::|*BIG*|))
| 664 | Common Lisp | .l | 13 | 49.615385 | 62 | 0.635945 | theminshew/learning-lisp | 0 | 0 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:19 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | a02a0852141928eb0261c3ffca191fb737c15496320e081248ea0ec0e33ef772 | 32,660 | [
-1
] |
32,677 | json-file-sdf.lisp | vlad-km_json-file/json-file-sdf.lisp | ;;; -*- mode:lisp; coding:utf-8 -*-
;;; Lisp JSON file primitives
;;; This file is part of the :json-file package
;;; Copyright © 2018 Vladimir Mezentsev
;;;
(lores:defsys :json-file
:path "git/json-file"
:components ((:file "pkg")
(:file "file-io")))
;;; EOF
| 290 | Common Lisp | .lisp | 10 | 25.1 | 47 | 0.612319 | vlad-km/json-file | 0 | 0 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:19 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 9ff94c954b525ca9f9cddd6daf4bcebb4acd7a4141ac0a5e7218af9ba72bdb20 | 32,677 | [
-1
] |
32,678 | pkg.lisp | vlad-km_json-file/pkg.lisp | ;;; -*- mode:lisp; coding:utf-8 -*-
;;; Lisp JSON file primitives
;;; This file is part of the :json-file package
;;; Copyright © 2018 Vladimir Mezentsev
;;;
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute)
(unless (find :json-file *features*)
(push :json-file *features*)))
(defpackage #:json-file
(:use #:cl)
(:export #:check-file-exists
#:read-from #:read-sync-from
#:write-to #:write-sync-to))
;;; EOF
| 457 | Common Lisp | .lisp | 14 | 28.5 | 54 | 0.636156 | vlad-km/json-file | 0 | 0 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:19 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 269c9afb84cb76d893a8a9994d790044bed62b93dbe6916dcd9d46ff07d94757 | 32,678 | [
-1
] |
32,679 | file-io.lisp | vlad-km_json-file/file-io.lisp | ;;; -*- mode:lisp; coding:utf-8 -*-
;;; Lisp JSON file primitives
;;; This file is part of the :json-file package
;;; Copyright © 2018 Vladimir Mezentsev
;;;
;;;
;;; Intended for moren environment/electron
;;;
(in-package :json-file)
;;;
(defun check-file-exists (pathname)
(#j:Fs:existsSync pathname))
;;; options
;;;
;;; encoding - encoding string
;;; throw - catch or not error msg
;;; spaces - how many spaces add to json format
;;; JSON:stringify spaces (write-to, write-sync-to)
;;;
;;; Async read json file
;;;
;;; (json-file:read-from
;;; "/tmp/config/some.json"
;;; (jso:mk "encoding" "window-1251" "throw" t)
;;; (lambda (errmsg readed-object) ))
;;;
;;; Return: none
(defun read-from (path opt &optional cb)
(let ((catchit)
(options opt))
(unless cb
(setq cb opt options (jscl::new)))
(if (stringp options)
(setq options (jso:mk "encoding" options)))
(setq catchit (jso:_get (options "throw")))
(#j:Fs:readFile
path
options
(lambda (err &optional data)
(let ((obj)
(errcond))
(handler-case
(progn
(cond ((jscl::js-null-p err)
(setq obj (#j:JSON:parse data)))
(t
(if catchit (setq errcond err)) )))
(error (msg)
(if catchit (setq errcond msg))))
(funcall cb errcond obj))))
(values)))
;;; Sync read json file
;;;
;;; (json-file:read-from "/tmp/config/some.json" "window-1251" )
;;;
;;; Return: deserialized object from file or nil | string
;;; if error condition
;;;
(defun read-sync-from (path opt)
(let ((catchit)
(options opt)
(data))
(if (stringp opt)
(setq options (jso:mk "encoding" opt)))
(setq catchit (jso:_get (options "throw")))
(handler-case
(progn
(setq data (#j:Fs:readFileSync path options))
(cond ((jscl::js-null-p data)
(setq data nil))
(t
(setq data (#j:JSON:parse data)))))
(error (msg)
(setq data nil)
(if catchit
(error msg))))
data))
;;; Async write object to file
(defun write-to (path obj opt &optional cb)
(let ((catchit)
(options opt)
(data)
(stream))
(unless cb
(setq cb opt options (jscl::new)))
(if (stringp options)
(setq options (jso:mk "encoding" options)))
(handler-case
(progn
(setq stream (#j:Fs:createWriteStream path opt))
(setq data (stringify obj options))
(jso:mcall (stream "write") data)
(jso:mcall (stream "end"))
(funcall cb (jso:_get (stream "bytesWritten"))))
(error (msg)
(jso:mcall (stream "end"))
(funcall cb nil)))))
;;; Sync write object to file
(defun write-sync-to (path obj opt)
(let ((options))
(if (stringp opt)
(setq options (jso:mk "encoding" options)))
(handler-case
(progn
(#j:Fs:writeFileSync path (stringify obj options) options))
(error (msg)
(error msg)))))
(defun stringify (object opt)
(let ((spaces (jso:_get (opt "spaces"))))
(concat
(setq data (if spaces
(#j:JSON:stringify object "" spaces)
(#j:JSON:stringify object)))
#\newline )))
(in-package :cl-user)
;;; EOF
| 3,765 | Common Lisp | .lisp | 116 | 22.948276 | 75 | 0.506061 | vlad-km/json-file | 0 | 0 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:19 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | e87e83bd821d9883badedccc2e5ee604200295c29b3e39afe41d01d769ab0d45 | 32,679 | [
-1
] |
32,698 | globals.lisp | erikmcguire_cl-shiritori/src/globals.lisp | (in-package :shiritori)
(defvar *h* (make-instance 'easy-acceptor :port 5067))
(defparameter thyme nil) ; Set current time after prompt shown.
(defparameter *tlm* nil) ; Toggle time limit.
(defparameter *lm* 5.0) ; Numerical limit.
(defparameter *user-opt* nil) ; Allow/forbid kanji word prompts.
(defparameter *pos* nil) ; Allow/forbid -ru endings.
(defparameter *word* nil) ; Word prompt: User supplies response.
(defparameter *rhead* nil) ; For computer chaining.
(defparameter *dict* nil) ; Level-specific hash table.
(defparameter *corr-resp* nil) ; Correct responses.
(defparameter *wrong-resp* nil) ; Wrong response.
(defparameter *missed-words* nil) ; Missed prompts.
(defparameter *export* nil) ; Toggle export missed prompts.
(defparameter *expath* (let ((prefix ""))
(lambda (&optional (x))
(format nil "~a~a_~a.txt"
(setf prefix (or x prefix))
"output"
(get-universal-time))))) ; Export path.
(defparameter *seen* nil) ; Avoid repeated prompts.
(defparameter *dict-all* (make-hash-table :test 'equal))
(defparameter *dicth* (make-hash-table :test 'equal)) ; letter(s)->hiragana
(defparameter *dictk* (make-hash-table :test 'equal)) ; letter(s)->katakana
(defvar youon '("ゃ" "ゅ" "ょ" "ャ" "ュ" "ョ"))
(defvar *hiragana-map* '(("je" "じぇ") ("cche" "っちぇ") ("che" "ちぇ") ("-" "ー") ("dyi" "でぃ") ("n" "ん") ("wo" "を") ("we" "ゑ") ("wi" "ゐ")
("wa" "わ") ("xwa" "ゎ") ("ro" "ろ") ("re" "れ") ("ru" "る") ("ryo" "りょ") ("ryu" "りゅ") ("rya" "りゃ") ("ri" "り")
("ra" "ら") ("yo" "よ") ("xyo" "ょ") ("yu" "ゆ") ("xyu" "ゅ") ("ya" "や") ("xya" "ゃ") ("mo" "も") ("me" "め")
("mu" "む") ("myo" "みょ") ("myu" "みゅ") ("mya" "みゃ") ("mi" "み") ("ma" "ま") ("po" "ぽ") ("bo" "ぼ") ("ho" "ほ")
("pe" "ぺ") ("be" "べ") ("he" "へ") ("pu" "ぷ") ("bu" "ぶ") ("fo" "ふぉ") ("fe" "ふぇ") ("fi" "ふぃ") ("fa" "ふぁ")
("fu" "ふ") ("pyo" "ぴょ") ("pyu" "ぴゅ") ("pya" "ぴゃ") ("pi" "ぴ") ("byo" "びょ") ("byu" "びゅ") ("bya" "びゃ")
("bi" "び") ("hyo" "ひょ") ("hyu" "ひゅ") ("hya" "ひゃ") ("hi" "ひ") ("pa" "ぱ") ("ba" "ば") ("ha" "は") ("no" "の")
("ne" "ね") ("nu" "ぬ") ("nyo" "にょ") ("nyu" "にゅ") ("nya" "にゃ") ("ni" "に") ("na" "な") ("do" "ど") ("to" "と")
("de" "で") ("te" "て") ("du" "づ") ("tsu" "つ") ("rro" "っろ") ("rre" "っれ") ("rru" "っる") ("rryo" "っりょ")
("rryu" "っりゅ") ("rrya" "っりゃ") ("rri" "っり") ("rra" "っら") ("yyo" "っよ") ("yyu" "っゆ") ("yya" "っや")
("ppo" "っぽ") ("bbo" "っぼ") ("hho" "っほ") ("ppe" "っぺ") ("bbe" "っべ") ("hhe" "っへ") ("ppu" "っぷ")
("bbu" "っぶ") ("ffo" "っふぉ") ("ffe" "っふぇ") ("ffi" "っふぃ") ("ffa" "っふぁ") ("ffu" "っふ") ("ppyo" "っぴょ")
("ppyu" "っぴゅ") ("ppya" "っぴゃ") ("ppi" "っぴ") ("bbyo" "っびょ") ("bbyu" "っびゅ") ("bbya" "っびゃ")
("bbi" "っび") ("hhyo" "っひょ") ("hhyu" "っひゅ") ("hhya" "っひゃ") ("hhi" "っひ") ("ppa" "っぱ") ("bba" "っば")
("hha" "っは") ("ddo" "っど") ("tto" "っと") ("dde" "っで") ("tte" "って") ("ddu" "っづ") ("ttsu" "っつ")
("ddyo" "っぢょ") ("ddyu" "っぢゅ") ("ddya" "っぢゃ") ("ddi" "っぢ") ("ccho" "っちょ") ("cchu" "っちゅ")
("ccha" "っちゃ") ("cchi" "っち") ("dda" "っだ") ("tta" "った") ("zzo" "っぞ") ("sso" "っそ") ("zze" "っぜ")
("sse" "っせ") ("zzu" "っず") ("ssu" "っす") ("jjo" "っじょ") ("jju" "っじゅ") ("jja" "っじゃ") ("jji" "っじ")
("ssho" "っしょ") ("sshu" "っしゅ") ("ssha" "っしゃ") ("sshi" "っし") ("zza" "っざ") ("ssa" "っさ") ("ggo" "っご")
("kko" "っこ") ("gge" "っげ") ("kke" "っけ") ("ggu" "っぐ") ("kku" "っく") ("ggyo" "っぎょ") ("ggyu" "っぎゅ")
("ggya" "っぎゃ") ("ggi" "っぎ") ("kkyo" "っきょ") ("kkyu" "っきゅ") ("kkya" "っきゃ") ("kki" "っき") ("gga" "っが")
("kka" "っか") ("vvo" "っう゛ぉ") ("vve" "っう゛ぇ") ("vvi" "っう゛ぃ") ("vva" "っう゛ぁ") ("vvu" "っう゛")
("xtsu" "っ") ("dyo" "ぢょ") ("dyu" "ぢゅ") ("dya" "ぢゃ") ("di" "ぢ") ("cho" "ちょ") ("chu" "ちゅ") ("cha" "ちゃ")
("chi" "ち") ("da" "だ") ("ta" "た") ("zo" "ぞ") ("so" "そ") ("ze" "ぜ") ("se" "せ") ("zu" "ず") ("su" "す")
("jo" "じょ") ("ju" "じゅ") ("ja" "じゃ") ("ji" "じ") ("sho" "しょ") ("shu" "しゅ") ("sha" "しゃ") ("shi" "し")
("za" "ざ") ("sa" "さ") ("go" "ご") ("ko" "こ") ("ge" "げ") ("ke" "け") ("gu" "ぐ") ("ku" "く") ("gyo" "ぎょ")
("gyu" "ぎゅ") ("gya" "ぎゃ") ("gi" "ぎ") ("kyo" "きょ") ("kyu" "きゅ") ("kya" "きゃ") ("ki" "き") ("ga" "が")
("ka" "か") ("o" "お") ("xo" "ぉ") ("e" "え") ("xe" "ぇ") ("vo" "う゛ぉ") ("ve" "う゛ぇ") ("vi" "う゛ぃ") ("va" "う゛ぁ")
("vu" "う゛") ("u" "う") ("xu" "ぅ") ("i" "い") ("xi" "ぃ") ("a" "あ") ("xa" "ぁ")))
(defvar *katakana-map* '(("je" "ジェ") ("cche" "ッチェ") ("che" "チェ") ("-" "ー") ("di" "ディ") ("n" "ン") ("wo" "ウォ") ("wo" "ヲ") ("we" "ウェ")
("we" "ヱ") ("wi" "ヰ") ("wi" "ウィ") ("wa" "ワ") ("xwa" "ヮ") ("ro" "ロ") ("re" "レ") ("ru" "ル") ("ryo" "リョ")
("ryu" "リュ") ("rya" "リャ") ("ri" "リ") ("ra" "ラ") ("yo" "ヨ") ("xyo" "ョ") ("yu" "ユ") ("xyu" "ュ") ("ya" "ヤ")
("xya" "ャ") ("mo" "モ") ("me" "メ") ("mu" "ム") ("myo" "ミョ") ("myu" "ミュ") ("mya" "ミャ") ("mi" "ミ") ("ma" "マ")
("po" "ポ") ("bo" "ボ") ("ho" "ホ") ("pe" "ペ") ("be" "ベ") ("he" "ヘ") ("pu" "プ") ("bu" "ブ") ("fu" "フュ")
("fo" "フォ") ("fe" "フェ") ("fi" "フィ") ("fa" "ファ") ("fu" "フ") ("pyo" "ピョ") ("pyu" "ピュ") ("pya" "ピャ")
("pi" "ピ") ("byo" "ビョ") ("byu" "ビュ") ("bya" "ビャ") ("bi" "ビ") ("hyo" "ヒョ") ("hyu" "ヒュ") ("hya" "ヒャ")
("hi" "ヒ") ("pa" "パ") ("ba" "バ") ("ha" "ハ") ("no" "ノ") ("ne" "ネ") ("nu" "ヌ") ("nyo" "ニョ") ("nyu" "ニュ")
("nya" "ニャ") ("ni" "ニ") ("na" "ナ") ("du" "ドゥ") ("do" "ド") ("to" "ト") ("de" "デ") ("te" "テ") ("du" "ヅ")
("tsu" "ツ") ("rro" "ッロ") ("rre" "ッレ") ("rru" "ッル") ("rryo" "ッリョ") ("rryu" "ッリュ") ("rrya" "ッリャ")
("rri" "ッリ") ("rra" "ッラ") ("yyo" "ッヨ") ("yyu" "ッユ") ("yya" "ッヤ") ("ppo" "ッポ") ("bbo" "ッボ")
("hho" "ッホ") ("ppe" "ッペ") ("bbe" "ッベ") ("hhe" "ッヘ") ("ppu" "ップ") ("bbu" "ッブ") ("ffo" "ッフォ")
("ffe" "ッフェ") ("ffi" "ッフィ") ("ffa" "ッファ") ("ffu" "ッフュ") ("ffu" "ッフ") ("ppyo" "ッピョ") ("ppyu" "ッピュ")
("ppya" "ッピャ") ("ppi" "ッピ") ("bbyo" "ッビョ") ("bbyu" "ッビュ") ("bbya" "ッビャ") ("bbi" "ッビ")
("hhyo" "ッヒョ") ("hhyu" "ッヒュ") ("hhya" "ッヒャ") ("hhi" "ッヒ") ("ppa" "ッパ") ("bba" "ッバ") ("hha" "ッハ")
("ddu" "ッドゥ") ("ddo" "ッド") ("tto" "ット") ("dde" "ッデ") ("tte" "ッテ") ("ddu" "ッヅ") ("ttsu" "ッツ")
("ddyo" "ッヂョ") ("ddyu" "ッヂュ") ("ddya" "ッヂャ") ("ddi" "ッヂ") ("ccho" "ッチョ") ("cchu" "ッチュ")
("ccha" "ッチャ") ("tti" "ッティ") ("cchi" "ッチ") ("dda" "ッダ") ("tta" "ッタ") ("zzo" "ッゾ") ("sso" "ッソ")
("zze" "ッゼ") ("sse" "ッセ") ("zzu" "ッズ") ("ssu" "ッス") ("jjo" "ッジョ") ("jju" "ッジュ") ("jja" "ッジャ")
("jji" "ッジ") ("sshe" "ッシェ") ("ssho" "ッショ") ("sshu" "ッシュ") ("ssha" "ッシャ") ("sshi" "ッシ")
("zza" "ッザ") ("ssa" "ッサ") ("ggo" "ッゴ") ("kko" "ッコ") ("gge" "ッゲ") ("kke" "ッケ") ("ggu" "ッグ")
("kku" "ック") ("ggyo" "ッギョ") ("ggyu" "ッギュ") ("ggya" "ッギャ") ("ggi" "ッギ") ("kkyo" "ッキョ")
("kkyu" "ッキュ") ("kkya" "ッキャ") ("kki" "ッキ") ("gga" "ッガ") ("kka" "ッカ") ("vvo" "ッヴォ") ("vve" "ッヴェ")
("vvi" "ッヴィ") ("vva" "ッヴァ") ("vvu" "ッヴ") ("xtsu" "ッ") ("ti" "ティ") ("dyo" "ヂョ") ("dyu" "ヂュ")
("dya" "ヂャ") ("di" "ヂ") ("cho" "チョ") ("chu" "チュ") ("cha" "チャ") ("chi" "チ") ("da" "ダ") ("ta" "タ")
("zo" "ゾ") ("so" "ソ") ("ze" "ゼ") ("se" "セ") ("zu" "ズ") ("su" "ス") ("jo" "ジョ") ("ju" "ジュ") ("ja" "ジャ")
("ji" "ジ") ("she" "シェ") ("sho" "ショ") ("shu" "シュ") ("sha" "シャ") ("shi" "シ") ("za" "ザ") ("sa" "サ")
("go" "ゴ") ("ko" "コ") ("ge" "ゲ") ("ke" "ケ") ("gu" "グ") ("ku" "ク") ("gyo" "ギョ") ("gyu" "ギュ") ("gya" "ギャ")
("gi" "ギ") ("kyo" "キョ") ("kyu" "キュ") ("kya" "キャ") ("ki" "キ") ("ga" "ガ") ("ka" "カ") ("o" "オ") ("xo" "ォ")
("e" "エ") ("xe" "ェ") ("vo" "ヴォ") ("ve" "ヴェ") ("vi" "ヴィ") ("va" "ヴァ") ("vu" "ヴ") ("u" "ウ") ("xu" "ゥ") ("i" "イ")
("xi" "ィ") ("a" "ア") ("xa" "ァ")))
| 8,943 | Common Lisp | .lisp | 85 | 81.858824 | 132 | 0.416026 | erikmcguire/cl-shiritori | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:19 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 7fb83c4a05370dec26c9b48c50de0a8fc4d2868d189fb7dd5336073a9b93c190 | 32,698 | [
-1
] |
32,699 | package.lisp | erikmcguire_cl-shiritori/src/package.lisp | (defpackage :shiritori
(:use :cl
:cl-who
:hunchentoot))
(in-package :shiritori)
#|
(load "/globals.lisp" :external-format :utf-8)
(load "/web-gui.lisp" :external-format :utf-8)
(load "/loader.lisp" :external-format :utf-8)
(load "/converters.lisp" :external-format :utf-8)
(load "/responses.lisp" :external-format :utf-8)
|#
| 345 | Common Lisp | .lisp | 12 | 26.083333 | 49 | 0.682779 | erikmcguire/cl-shiritori | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:19 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | ef348a8128a25d85a532d97ab7111c3440fdf0b95e5c3e4dc089c88c0f8b7fc3 | 32,699 | [
-1
] |
32,700 | web-gui.lisp | erikmcguire_cl-shiritori/src/web-gui.lisp | (in-package :shiritori)
(defmacro feedback (s)
`(htm (:script
:type "text/javascript"
"document.getElementById(\"feedback\").innerHTML ='" ,s "<br><br>';")))
(define-easy-handler (get-response :uri "/get-response") (user-in response)
(setf (hunchentoot:content-type*) "text/html; charset=utf-8")
(with-html-output-to-string (*standard-output* nil :prologue t :indent t)
(:html :style "background-color: aliceblue;"
(:head (:title "shiritori") (:meta :charset "utf-8")) (:h1 "<br>")
(:body (:div :style "margin: 0 auto; width: 400px;"
(:form :method :post :align "center"
(:label :lang "ja" :for "respo" (str *word*) " → ")
(:input :id "respo"
:autofocus "autofocus"
:onfocus "this.select();"
:type :text
:name "response" :value response)
(:input :type :submit :value "answer") (:br) (:br)
(:div :id "feedback" :style "margin: 0 auto; width: 400px;")
(:fieldset :style "font-family: georgia, sans-serif; font-size: 12;" (:legend "options")
(:input :type :submit :name "user-in" :value "show" :onchange "this.form.submit();")
(:input :type :submit :name "user-in" :value "skip" :onchange "this.form.submit();")
(:input :type :submit :name "user-in" :value "quit" :onchange "this.form.submit();")))
(when (setf response (or user-in response))
(setf answer (check-response response))
(cond ((equal response "skip") ; Prompt skips to next word.
(setf *rhead* nil)
(hunchentoot:redirect "/get-word"))
((and (equal response "show") ; Prompt w/ yomi if available.
(gethash *word* *dict-all*))
(feedback (concatenate 'string "<p lang=ja>" (str (gethash *word* *dict-all*)) "</p><br>';")))
((and (equal response "show")
(not (gethash *word* *dict-all*)))
(feedback "It\\'s already <i>kana</i>!"))
((equal "quit" response)
(feedback "Quitting to menu.")
(unless (equal *export* "n")
(export-missed (funcall *expath*)))
(hunchentoot:redirect "/menu"))
((equal "exceeded" answer)
(feedback "Sorry, you ran out of time!<br><br><a href=/menu>OK</a>"))
((checkn answer) ; End of Line
(feedback "You lose! You used a word that ends with ん. No word begins with ん, which makes a response impossible.<br><br><a href=/menu>OK</a>")
(unless (equal *export* "n")
(export-missed
(funcall *expath*))))
((usedp answer)
(feedback "You\\'ve already used that word."))
((not (realwordp answer))
(feedback "Word not in database, unable to verify."))
((correctp answer *word*)
(set-correct answer)
(feedback "Correct!<br><br><a href=/get-word>>></a>"))
(t (feedback "Sorry, try again.")
(set-wrong answer)))))))))
(define-easy-handler (get-word :uri "/get-word") ()
(setf (hunchentoot:content-type*) "text/html; charset=utf-8")
(with-html-output-to-string (*standard-output* nil :prologue t)
(:html
(:head (:title "shiritori") (:meta :charset "utf-8"))
(:body
(get-word)))))
(define-easy-handler (menu :uri "/menu") (pos level exmissed akanji custom delimiter tlm lm expath)
(setf (hunchentoot:content-type*) "text/html; charset='utf-8'")
(with-html-output-to-string (*standard-output* nil :prologue t :indent t)
(:html :style "background-color: aliceblue;"
(:head (:title "shiritori") (:meta :charset "utf-8"))
(:body (:h2 :lang "ja" :align :center "尻取り (しりとり)")
(:p :lang "ja" :style "margin: 0 auto; width: 40%; padding: 5px; border: 3px groove; font-family: georgia, sans-serif; font-size: 12;"
"Welcome to a prototype Common Lisp implementation of the Japanese word-chaining game,
<a href=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2017/01/16/language/shiritori-simple-game-thats-great-practicing-japanese-vocab/>
<i>shiritori</i></a>.
<br><br>When prompted with a word, respond with a word whose first syllable matches the final syllable of the prompt.
For instance, if prompted with む<b>し</b>, respond with something like <b>し</b>る.
<br><br>If the final grapheme of the reading is a <a href=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yōon>small kana</a>,
such as with 反射, or its kana form はん<b>しゃ</b>, match the final two kana in your response (e.g., <b>しゃ</b>ちょう).
<br><br>If the final grapheme is 'ー', such as with エレベータ<b>ー</b>, then match the kana before it (e.g., <b>タ</b>バコ).
<br><br>The system can recognize <i>hiragana, katakana, kanji,</i> and <i>romaji</i> input.
<br><br>You may set a time limit for each prompt-response pair, between 1-20 seconds (5s by default).
<br><br>If enabled, after quitting to menu, you can find exported file(s) in your default lisp folder
(e.g., 'C\:\\acl10.1express\\'), named output_[universal_time].txt, or in an existing directory path of your choosing.
<br><br>Word data are from public Japanese Language Proficiency Test
<a href=https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:JLPT>lists</a>.
<br><br>You may enter the path to a custom import file, also: by default, the .txt or .csv should be tab-delimited
with two columns: kanji word form and kana form; you can also use comma-delimited (e.g., on a given line: 漢字,かんじ).
If selected, the import list will be used for prompts.
To verify if a response is a real word, the system checks the combined import and JLPT lists.")
(:br)
(:div :style "margin: 0 auto; width: 30%; font-family: georgia, sans-serif; font-size: 12;"
(:form :method :post
(:fieldset (:legend "options")
(:select :autofocus "autofocus" :id "level" :name "level"
(loop for ulvl in '("N5" "N4" "N3" "N2" "N1")
do (htm (:option :value level (str ulvl)))))
(:label :for "level" " JLPT level") (:br) (:br)
(:input :type :checkbox :id "kmode" :name "akanji" :value akanji)
(:label :for "kmode" "allow <i>kanji</i> prompts") (:br)
(:input :type :checkbox :id "ru" :name "pos" :value pos)
(:label :for "ru" "allow <i>-ru</i> endings") (:br) (:br)
(:input :type :checkbox :id "tlm" :name "tlm" :value tlm)
(:label :for "tlm" "limit time")
(:input :type :number :min "1.0" :max "20.0" :step "1.0" :style "width: 2.5em;" :value lm :name "lm" :placeholder "5s") (:br) (:br)
(:input :type :checkbox :id "exp" :name "exmissed" :value exmissed)
(:label :for "exp" "export missed") (:br)
(:input :type :checkbox :id "delim" :name "delimiter" :value delimiter)
(:label :for "delim" "comma-delimited import") (:br) (:br)
(:label :for "imp" "Import path: ")
(:input :type :text :id "imp" :name "custom" :value custom :placeholder "C\:\\import.txt") (:br)
(:label :for "expp" "Export path: ")
(:input :type :text :id "expp" :name "expath" :value expath :placeholder "C\:\\export_lists\\") (:br)) (:br)
(:div :style "text-align: center;" (:input :type :submit :value "start the game"))))
(when level
(when (equal "" lm)
(setf lm "5.0"))
(setf *pos* (or pos "n")
*user-opt* (or (str akanji) "n")
*export* (or (str exmissed) "n")
*tlm* tlm
*lm* (read-from-string lm)
*kana* nil
*kanji* nil
*dict* (make-hash-table :test 'equal))
(funcall *expath* (str expath))
(cond ((and delimiter (> (length custom) 0))
(user-import (str custom) *dict* ","))
((> (length custom) 0)
(user-import (str custom) *dict*))
(t
(get-words (concatenate 'string "/jlpt" (string-downcase (str level)) ".txt") *dict*)
(call-mappr)))
; Starting over, reset lists...
(setf *corr-resp* nil
*wrong-resp* nil
*missed-words* nil)
(hunchentoot:redirect "/get-word"))))))
(hunchentoot:start *h*)
| 8,708 | Common Lisp | .lisp | 137 | 50.50365 | 163 | 0.560754 | erikmcguire/cl-shiritori | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:19 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 0d70b942f42ef238d6f4f0e812fb8bec2dad9792ab4d78921531bc5360def3a6 | 32,700 | [
-1
] |
32,701 | responses.lisp | erikmcguire_cl-shiritori/src/responses.lisp | (in-package :shiritori)
(defun check-time (tm &optional (lm *lm*))
(>= (* (/ (- (get-internal-real-time) tm)
internal-time-units-per-second) 1.0) lm))
(defun get-prompt-tail (word)
"Set prompt tail to appropriate window."
(setf word (or (gethash word *dict-all*) ; If kanji, then kana.
(consol word); If kata, then hira.
word) ; Else hira.
kanat-w (or (youonp word)
(longvp word)
(format nil "~a"
(elt (reverse word) 0)))))
(defun longvp (word)
"If word ends with dash, adjust tail."
(if (string= "ー" (elt (reverse word) 0))
(setf longv (subseq (reverse word) 1 2))
(setf longv nil))
longv)
(defun youonp (word)
"Get longer tail for youon endings."
(if (find (elt (reverse word) 0) youon :test #'string=)
(setf youons (subseq word (- (length word) 2)))
(setf youons nil))
youons)
(defun consol (s)
"Convert katakana to hiragana or leave as-is."
(let ((s (or (coerce (kata->hira s) 'list)
s)))
(if (equal (type-of s) 'cons)
(setf conss (coerce s 'string))
(setf conss nil))
conss))
(defun get-word ()
(when *pos*
(if (not (equal *user-opt* "n"))
(setf wdb *kanji*)
(setf wdb *kana*))
; Computer player continues chain or starts fresh.
(setf *word* (or *rhead*
(elt wdb (random (length wdb)))))
; Get new word if and until rules not violated.
(loop while (check-word *word*)
do (setf *word* (elt wdb (random (length wdb)))))
(push *word* *seen*)
(when *tlm*
(setf thyme (get-internal-real-time)))
(hunchentoot:redirect "/get-response")))
(defun check-word (word)
"Check compliance w/ ending rules."
(setf kanat-w (get-prompt-tail word))
(or
(and (< (length *seen*) (length wdb))
(member word *seen* :test 'equal))
(equal kanat-w
(car (gethash "n" *dicth*))); Skip kana 'n' tails.
(and
(equal *pos* "n") ; Honor -ru tail prohibition.
(equal kanat-w
(car (gethash "ru" *dicth*))))))
(defun checkn (response)
"Check user compliance with 'n' rule."
(equal (get-response-tail response)
(car (gethash "n" *dicth*))))
(defun usedp (response)
"True if response used before."
(remove-if #'null
(mapcar (lambda (x)
(find response x :test #'equal))
(append *corr-resp* *wrong-resp*))))
(defun realwordp (response)
"Check entire multi-script corpus for response."
(setf *known-word*
(block nil (maphash #'(lambda (k v)
(if (or (equal response k)
(equal (hira->kata response) k)
(equal response v)
(equal (concatenate 'string response "する") v))
(return t) nil)) *dict-all*))))
(defun correctp (response word)
"Prompt tail == response head."
(equal (get-prompt-tail word)
(get-response-head response)))
(defun set-correct (response)
"Saves correct response, searches for matching
computer response."
(push
(list response
(gethash response *dict-all*))
*corr-resp*)
(setf *corr-resp*
(mapcar (lambda (x)
(remove-if #'null
(remove-duplicates x :test 'equal))) *corr-resp*)
*rhead*
; Check dictionary for prompts to chain response tail.
; Add discovered word when its head matches, for prompt.
(block nil
(remove-if #'null (mapcar #'(lambda (h)
(when (and (not (check-word h)) (find (elt h 0) (get-response-tail response)))
(return h))) wdb)))))
(defun set-wrong (response)
"Saves incorrect response."
(push
(list response
(gethash response *dict-all*))
*wrong-resp*)
(setf *missed-words* (remove-if #'null (remove-duplicates (push *word* *missed-words*) :test 'equal)))
(setf *wrong-resp*
(mapcar (lambda (x)
(remove-if #'null
(remove-duplicates x :test 'equal))) *wrong-resp*)))
(defun get-response-tail (response)
"Set tail for computer to match."
(setf kanat-kr (or (youonp response)
(longvp response)
(subseq (reverse response) 0 1))))
(defun get-response-head (response)
"Set response head to appropriate window."
(if (and (>= (length response) 2) ; Capture if yōon.
(find (subseq response 1 2) youon :test #'string=))
(setf hrsp (subseq response 0 2))
(setf hrsp (subseq response 0 1))))
(defun check-response (response)
"Set response to hiragana."
(if (and *tlm* (check-time thyme))
(setf exceeded "exceeded")
(setf exceeded nil))
(setf response (or exceeded ; Time's up.
(gethash response *dict-all*) ; If kanji, then hira.
(consol response) ; If kata, then hira.
(roma->kana response *dicth*) ; If romaji, set hira.
response)) ; Else hira.
response)
| 5,066 | Common Lisp | .lisp | 134 | 29.902985 | 104 | 0.579751 | erikmcguire/cl-shiritori | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:19 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 2467e838cab568f2ed28513434b2d308be0d012b01dc9f5e6e73d35a919d9662 | 32,701 | [
-1
] |
32,702 | loader.lisp | erikmcguire_cl-shiritori/src/loader.lisp | (in-package :shiritori)
; Mappr macro modified from: http://reed.cs.depaul.edu/peterh/class/csc458/ to take function (e.g., mapcar, maphash) as argument.
(defmacro mappr (var args body colls)
"Maps lambdas to collections."
`(funcall ,var (lambda ,args
,@body)
,colls))
(defun get-words (p d)
"Obtain list of words from file."
(with-open-file (s p :external-format :utf-8)
(loop for l = (read-line s nil)
while l
do (if (null (search " " l))
(setf spsl 0)
(setf spsl (search " " l)))
do (setf subl (subseq l 0 spsl))
when (>= (length (remove #\, subl)) 2)
do (setf (gethash (remove #\, subl) d)
(string-trim '(#\/ #\space) (subseq l (search " " l) (search " -" l)))))))
; For checking legitimate words in corpus.
(get-words "/jlpt-all.txt" *dict-all*)
(defun user-import (p d &optional (dl " "))
"Import delimited file into hash-table and lists.
Tab-delimited by default."
(with-open-file (s p :external-format :utf-8)
(loop for l = (read-line s nil)
while l
do (let ((headword
(remove-if-not (lambda (x) (alphanumericp x))
(subseq l 0 (search dl l))))
(yomi
(remove-if-not (lambda (x) (alphanumericp x))
(subseq l (search dl l)))))
(setf (gethash headword d) yomi)
(setf *kanji*
(remove-duplicates (push headword *kanji*) :test 'equal)
*kana*
(remove-duplicates (push headword *kana*) :test 'equal))
(setf (gethash headword *dict-all*) yomi))
)))
(mappr 'maphash (k v)
((when v (if (equal "" v)
(setf (gethash k *dict-all*) nil))))
*dict-all*)
(defun export-missed (p)
"Export missed words to tab-separated text."
(with-open-file (s p :direction :output
:if-exists :supersede
:external-format :utf-8)
(mapcar (lambda (w)
(maphash (lambda (k v)
(cond ((and v (or (equal w v) (equal w k)))
(format s "~a~c~a~%~^" k #\Tab v))
((equal w k)
(format s "~a~%~^" k))))
*dict*))
*missed-words*)))
(defun get-kana (d l)
"Obtain letter->kana Hepburn mappings."
; Hepburn mappings modified from:
; https://github.com/mhagiwara/nltk/blob/master/jpbook/romkan.py."
(mapcar (lambda (x) (setf (gethash (car x) d) (cdr x))) l))
; Create hash tables for letter-kana correspondences.
(get-kana *dicth* *hiragana-map*)
(get-kana *dictk* *katakana-map*)
| 2,742 | Common Lisp | .lisp | 65 | 31.815385 | 129 | 0.533933 | erikmcguire/cl-shiritori | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:19 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 59098ba90a769ae095e0a3c7311dad5650120cf0c96276c5a424d0cbcf0baf2d | 32,702 | [
-1
] |
32,703 | shiritori.asd | erikmcguire_cl-shiritori/src/shiritori.asd | (defpackage :shiritori-system
(:use :cl :asdf))
(in-package :shiritori-system)
(asdf:defsystem shiritori
:version "1.0"
:author "Erik McGuire"
:licence "GPL 3.0"
:description "Shiritori"
:long-description "Common Lisp implementation of the Japanese word-chaining game, shiritori."
:depends-on (:hunchentoot :cl-who)
:serial t
:components ((:file "package")
(:file "globals")
(:file "web-gui")
(:file "loader")
(:file "converters")
(:file "responses")
))
| 563 | Common Lisp | .asd | 18 | 24.222222 | 95 | 0.600368 | erikmcguire/cl-shiritori | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:19 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | b17426d6015516792e3ff85f621c069c8638e06ced55e8b84c5111f1059a7265 | 32,703 | [
-1
] |
32,705 | jlptn5.txt | erikmcguire_cl-shiritori/datasets/jlptn5.txt | 会う, あう -to meet
青, あお -blue
青い, あおい -blue
赤, あか -red
赤い, あかい -red
明い, あかるい -bright
秋, あき -autumn
開く, あく -to open,to become open
開ける, あける -to open
上げる, あげる -to give
朝, あさ -morning
朝御飯, あさごはん -breakfast
あさって -day after tomorrow
足, あし -foot,leg
明日, あした -tomorrow
あそこ -over there
遊ぶ, あそぶ -to play,to make a visit
暖かい, あたたかい -warm
頭, あたま -head
新しい, あたらしい -new
あちら -there
暑い, あつい -hot
熱い, あつい -hot to the touch
厚い, あつい -kind, deep, thick
あっち -over there
後, あと -afterwards
あなた -you
兄, あに -(humble) older brother
姉, あね -(humble) older sister
あの -that over there
あの -um...
アパート -apartment
あびる -to bathe,to shower
危ない, あぶない -dangerous
甘い, あまい -sweet
あまり -not very
雨, あめ -rain
飴, あめ -candy
洗う, あらう -to wash
ある -to be,to have (used for inanimate objects)
歩く, あるく -to walk
あれ -that
いい / よい -good
いいえ -no
言う, いう -to say
家, いえ -house
いかが -how
行く, いく -to go
いくつ -how many?,how old?
いくら -how much?
池, いけ -pond
医者, いしゃ -medical doctor
いす -chair
忙しい, いそがしい -busy,irritated
痛い, いたい -painful
一, いち -one
一日, いちにち -(1) one day, (2) first of month
いちばん -best,first
いつ -when
五日, いつか -five days, fifth day
一緒, いっしょ -together
五つ, いつつ -five
いつも -always
犬, いぬ -dog
今, いま -now
意味, いみ -meaning
妹, いもうと -(humble) younger sister
嫌, いや -unpleasant
入口, いりぐち -entrance
居る, いる -to be, to have (used for people and animals)
要る, いる -to need
入れる, いれる -to put in
色, いろ -colour
いろいろ -various
上, うえ -on top of
後ろ, うしろ -behind
薄い, うすい -thin,weak
歌, うた -song
歌う, うたう -to sing
生まれる, うまれる -to be born
海, うみ -sea
売る, うる -to sell
煩い, うるさい -noisy,annoying
上着, うわぎ -jacket
絵, え -picture
映画, えいが -movie
映画館, えいがかん -cinema
英語, えいご -English language
ええ -yes
駅, えき -station
エレベーター -elevator
鉛筆, えんぴつ -pencil
おいしい -delicious
多い, おおい -many
大きい, おおきい -big
大きな, おおきな -big
大勢, おおぜい -great number of people
お母さん, おかあさん -(honorable) mother
お菓子, おかし -sweets, candy
お金, おかね -money
起きる, おきる -to get up
置く, おく -to put
奥さん, おくさん -(honorable) wife
お酒, おさけ -alcohol, rice wine
お皿, おさら -plate, dish
伯父 / 叔父, おじいさん -grandfather,male senior citizen
教える, おしえる -to teach,to tell
伯父 / 叔父, おじさん -uncle,middle aged gentleman
押す, おす -to push, to stamp something
遅い, おそい -late,slow
お茶, おちゃ -green tea
お手洗い, おてあらい -bathroom
お父さん, おとうさん -(honorable) father
弟, おとうと -younger brother
男, おとこ -man
男の子, おとこのこ -boy
一昨日, おととい -day before yesterday
一昨年, おととし -year before last
大人, おとな -adult
おなか -stomach
同じ, おなじ -same
お兄さん, おにいさん -(honorable) older brother
お姉さん, おねえさん -(honorable) older sister
おばあさん -grandmother,female senior-citizen
伯母さん / 叔母さん, おばさん -aunt
お風呂, おふろ -bath
お弁当, おべんとう -boxed lunch
覚える, おぼえる -to remember
おまわりさん -friendly term for policeman
重い, おもい -heavy
おもしろい -interesting
泳ぐ, およぐ -to swim
降りる, おりる -to get off, to descend
終る, おわる -to finish
音楽, おんがく -music
女, おんな -woman
女の子, おんなのこ -girl
外国, がいこく -foreign country
外国人, がいこくじん -foreigner
会社, かいしゃ -company
階段, かいだん -stairs
買い物, かいもの -shopping
買う, かう -to buy
返す, かえす -to return something
帰る, かえる -to go back
かかる -to take time or money
かぎ -key
書く, かく -to write
学生, がくせい -student
かける -to call by phone
傘, かさ -umbrella
貸す, かす -to lend
風, かぜ -wind
風邪, かぜ -a cold
家族, かぞく -family
方, かた -person, way of doing
学校, がっこう -school
カップ -cup
家庭, かてい -household
角, かど -a corner
かばん -bag,basket
花瓶, かびん -a vase
紙, かみ -paper
カメラ -camera
火曜日, かようび -Tuesday
辛い, からい -spicy
体, からだ -body
借りる, かりる -to borrow
軽い, かるい -light
カレー -curry
カレンダー -calendar
川 / 河, かわ -river
かわいい -cute
漢字, かんじ -Chinese character
木, き -tree,wood
黄色, きいろ -yellow
黄色い, きいろい -yellow
消える, きえる -to disappear
聞く, きく -to hear,to listen to,to ask
北, きた -north
ギター -guitar
汚い, きたない -dirty
喫茶店, きっさてん -coffee lounge
切手, きって -postage stamp
切符, きっぷ -ticket
昨日, きのう -yesterday
九, きゅう / く -nine
牛肉, ぎゅうにく -beef
牛乳, ぎゅうにゅう -milk
今日, きょう -today
教室, きょうしつ -classroom
兄弟, きょうだい -(humble) siblings
去年, きょねん -last year
嫌い, きらい -hate
切る, きる -to cut
着る, きる -to put on from the shoulders down
きれい -pretty,clean
キロ / キログラム -kilogram
キロ / キロメートル -kilometre
銀行, ぎんこう -bank
金曜日, きんようび -Friday
薬, くすり -medicine
ください -please
果物, くだもの -fruit
口, くち -mouth,opening
靴, くつ -shoes
靴下, くつした -socks
国, くに -country
曇り, くもり -cloudy weather
曇る, くもる -to become cloudy,to become dim
暗い, くらい -gloomy
クラス -class
グラム -gram
来る, くる -to come
車, くるま -car,vehicle
黒, くろ -black
黒い, くろい -black
警官, けいかん -policeman
今朝, けさ -this morning
消す, けす -to erase,to turn off power
結構, けっこう -splendid,enough
結婚, けっこん -marriage
月曜日, げつようび -Monday
玄関, げんかん -entry hall
元気, げんき -health, vitality
五, ご -five
公園, こうえん -park
交差点, こうさてん -intersection
紅茶, こうちゃ -black tea
交番, こうばん -police box
声, こえ -voice
コート -coat,tennis court
コーヒー -coffee
ここ -here
午後, ごご -afternoon
九日, ここのか -nine days, ninth day
九つ, ここのつ -nine
午前, ごぜん -morning
答える, こたえる -to answer
こちら -this person or way
こっち -this person or way
コップ -a glass
今年, ことし -this year
言葉, ことば -word,language
子供, こども -child
この -this
御飯, ごはん -cooked rice,meal
コピーする -to copy
困る, こまる -to be worried
これ -this
今月, こんげつ -this month
今週, こんしゅう -this week
こんな -such
今晩, こんばん -this evening
さあ -well…
財布, さいふ -wallet
魚, さかな -fish
先, さき -the future,previous
咲く, さく -to bloom
作文, さくぶん -composition,writing
差す, さす -to stretch out hands,to raise an umbrella
雑誌, ざっし -magazine
砂糖, さとう -sugar
寒い, さむい -cold
さ来年, さらいねん -year after next
三, さん -three
散歩, さんぽする -to stroll
四, し / よん -four
塩, しお -salt
しかし -however
時間, じかん -time
仕事, しごと -job
辞書, じしょ -dictionary
静か, しずか -quiet
下, した -below
七, しち / なな -seven
質問, しつもん -question
自転車, じてんしゃ -bicycle
自動車, じどうしゃ -automobile
死ぬ, しぬ -to die
字引, じびき -dictionary
自分, じぶん -oneself
閉まる, しまる -to close,to be closed
閉める, しめる -to close something
締める, しめる -to tie
じゃ / じゃあ -well then…
写真, しゃしん -photograph
シャツ -shirt
シャワー -shower
十, じゅう / とお -ten
授業, じゅぎょう -lesson,class work
宿題, しゅくだい -homework
上手, じょうず -skillful
丈夫, じょうぶ -strong,durable
しょうゆ -soy sauce
食堂, しょくどう -dining hall
知る, しる -to know
白, しろ -white
白い, しろい -white
新聞, しんぶん -newspaper
水曜日, すいようび -Wednesday
吸う, すう -to smoke,to suck
スカート -skirt
好き, すき -likeable
少ない, すくない -a few
すぐに -instantly
少し, すこし -few
涼しい, すずしい -refreshing
ストーブ -heater
スプーン -spoon
スポーツ -sport
ズボン -trousers
住む, すむ -to live in
スリッパ -slippers
する -to do
座る, すわる -to sit
背, せ -height,stature
生徒, せいと -pupil
セーター -sweater,jumper
せっけん -soap
背広, せびろ -business suit
狭い, せまい -narrow
ゼロ -zero
千, せん -thousand
先月, せんげつ -last month
先週, せんしゅう -last week
先生, せんせい -teacher,doctor
洗濯, せんたく -washing
全部, ぜんぶ -all
掃除, そうじ - cleaning, sweeping
そうして / そして -and
そこ -that place
そちら -over there
そっち -over there
外, そと -outside
その -that
そば -near,beside
空, そら -sky
それ -that
それから -after that
それでは -in that situation
大学, だいがく -university
大使館, たいしかん -embassy
大丈夫, だいじょうぶ -all right
大好き, だいすき -to be very likeable
大切, たいせつ -important
台所, だいどころ -kitchen
たいへん -very
たいへん -difficult situation
高い, たかい -tall, expensive
たくさん -many
タクシー -taxi
出す, だす -to put out
立つ, たつ -to stand
たて -length,height
建物, たてもの -building
楽しい, たのしい -enjoyable
頼む, たのむ -to ask
たばこ -tobacco,cigarettes
たぶん -probably
食べ物, たべもの -food
食べる, たべる -to eat
卵, たまご -egg
誰, だれ -who
誰, だれか -somebody
誕生日, たんじょうび -birthday
だんだん -gradually
小さい, ちいさい -little
小さな, ちいさな -little
近い, ちかい -near
違う, ちがう -to differ
近く, ちかく -near
地下鉄, ちかてつ -underground train
地図, ちず -map
茶色, ちゃいろ -brown
ちゃわん -rice bowl
ちょうど -exactly
ちょっと -somewhat
一日, ついたち -first of month
使う, つかう -to use
疲れる, つかれる -to get tired
次, つぎ -next
着く, つく -to arrive at
机, つくえ -desk
作る, つくる -to make
つける -to turn on
勤める, つとめる -to work for someone
つまらない -boring
冷たい, つめたい -cold to the touch
強い, つよい -powerful
手, て -hand
テープ -tape
テーブル -table
テープレコーダー -tape recorder
出かける, でかける -to go out
手紙, てがみ -letter
できる -to be able to
出口, でぐち -exit
テスト -test
では -with that...
デパート -department store
でも -but
出る, でる -to appear,to leave
テレビ -television
天気, てんき -weather
電気, でんき -electricity,electric light
電車, でんしゃ -electric train
電話, でんわ -telephone
戸, と -Japanese style door
ドア -Western style door
トイレ -toilet
どう -how,in what way
どうして -for what reason
どうぞ -please
動物, どうぶつ -animal
どうも -thanks
遠い, とおい -far
十日, とおか -ten days,the tenth day
時々, ときどき -sometimes
時計, とけい -watch,clock
どこ -where
所, ところ -place
年, とし -year
図書館, としょかん -library
どちら -which of two
どっち -which
とても -very
どなた -who
隣, となり -next door to
どの -which
飛ぶ, とぶ -to fly,to hop
止まる, とまる -to come to a halt
友達, ともだち -friend
土曜日, どようび -Saturday
鳥, とり -bird
とり肉, とりにく -chicken meat
取る, とる -to take something
撮る, とる -to take a photo or record a film
どれ -which (of three or more)
ナイフ -knife
中, なか -middle
長い, ながい -long
鳴く, なく -animal noise. to chirp, roar or croak etc.
無くす, なくす -to lose something
なぜ -why
夏, なつ -summer
夏休み, なつやすみ -summer holiday
など -et cetera
七つ, ななつ -seven
七日, なのか -seven days,the seventh day
名前, なまえ -name
習う, ならう -to learn
並ぶ, ならぶ -to line up,to stand in a line
並べる, ならべる -to line up,to set up
なる -to become
何, なん / なに -what
二, に -two
賑やか, にぎやか -bustling,busy
肉, にく -meat
西, にし -west
日曜日, にちようび -Sunday
荷物, にもつ -luggage
ニュース -news
庭, にわ -garden
脱ぐ, ぬぐ -to take off clothes
温い, ぬるい -luke warm
ネクタイ -tie,necktie
猫, ねこ -cat
寝る, ねる -to go to bed,to sleep
ノート -notebook,exercise book
登る, のぼる -to climb
飲み物, のみもの -a drink
飲む, のむ -to drink
乗る, のる -to get on,to ride
歯, は -tooth
パーティー -party
はい -yes
灰皿, はいざら -ashtray
入る, はいる -to enter,to contain
葉書, はがき -postcard
はく -to wear,to put on trousers
箱, はこ -box
橋, はし -bridge
はし -chopsticks
始まる, はじまる -to begin
初め / 始め, はじめ -beginning
初めて, はじめて -for the first time
走る, はしる -to run
バス -bus
バター -butter
二十歳, はたち -20 years old,20th year
働く, はたらく -to work
八, はち -eight
二十日, はつか -twenty days,twentieth
花, はな -flower
鼻, はな -nose
話, はなし -talk,story
話す, はなす -to speak
早い, はやい -early
速い, はやい -quick
春, はる -spring
貼る, はる -to stick
晴れ, はれ -clear weather
晴れる, はれる -to be sunny
半, はん -half
晩, ばん -evening
パン -bread
ハンカチ -handkerchief
番号, ばんごう -number
晩御飯, ばんごはん -evening meal
半分, はんぶん -half minute
東, ひがし -east
引く, ひく -to pull
弾く, ひく -to play an instrument with strings, including piano
低い, ひくい -short,low
飛行機, ひこうき -aeroplane
左, ひだり -left hand side
人, ひと -person
一つ, ひとつ -one
一月, ひとつき -one month
一人, ひとり -one person
暇, ひま -free time
百, ひゃく -hundred
病院, びょういん -hospital
病気, びょうき -illness
昼, ひる -noon, daytime
昼御飯, ひるごはん -midday meal
広い, ひろい -spacious,wide
フィルム -roll of film
封筒, ふうとう -envelope
プール -swimming pool
フォーク -fork
吹く, ふく -to blow
服, ふく -clothes
二つ, ふたつ -two
豚肉, ぶたにく -pork
二人, ふたり -two people
二日, ふつか -two days, second day of the month
太い, ふとい -fat
冬, ふゆ -winter
降る, ふる -to fall, e.g. rain or snow
古い, ふるい -old (not used for people)
ふろ -bath
文章, ぶんしょう -sentence,text
ページ -page
下手, へた -unskillful
ベッド -bed
ペット -pet
部屋, へや -room
辺, へん -area
ペン -pen
勉強, べんきょうする -to study
便利, べんり -useful, convenient
帽子, ぼうし -hat
ボールペン -ball-point pen
ほか -other, the rest
ポケット -pocket
欲しい, ほしい -want
ポスト -post
細い, ほそい -thin
ボタン -button
ホテル -hotel
本, ほん -book
本棚, ほんだな -bookshelves
ほんとう -truth
毎朝, まいあさ -every morning
毎月, まいげつ / まいつき -every month
毎週, まいしゅう -every week
毎日, まいにち -every day
毎年, まいねん / まいとし -every year
毎晩, まいばん -every night
前, まえ -before
曲る, まがる -to turn,to bend
まずい -unpleasant
また -again,and
まだ -yet,still
町, まち -town,city
待つ, まつ -to wait
まっすぐ -straight ahead,direct
マッチ -match
窓, まど -window
丸い / 円い, まるい -round,circular
万, まん -ten thousand
万年筆, まんねんひつ -fountain pen
磨く, みがく -to brush teeth, to polish
右, みぎ -right side
短い, みじかい -short
水, みず -water
店, みせ -shop
見せる, みせる -to show
道, みち -street
三日, みっか -three days, third day of the month
三つ, みっつ -three
緑, みどり -green
皆さん, みなさん -everyone
南, みなみ -south
耳, みみ -ear
見る / 観る, みる -to see, to watch
みんな -everyone
六日, むいか -six days, sixth day of the month
向こう, むこう -over there
難しい, むずかしい -difficult
六つ, むっつ -six
村, むら -village
目, め -eye
メートル -metre
眼鏡, めがね -glasses
もう -already
もう一度, もういちど -again
木曜日, もくようび -Thursday
持つ, もつ -to hold
もっと -more
物, もの -thing
門, もん -gate
問題, もんだい -problem
八百屋, やおや -greengrocer
野菜, やさい -vegetable
易しい, やさしい -easy, simple
安い, やすい -cheap
休み, やすみ -rest,holiday
休む, やすむ -to rest
八つ, やっつ -eight
山, やま -mountain
やる -to do
夕方, ゆうがた -evening
夕飯, ゆうはん -dinner
郵便局, ゆうびんきょく -post office
昨夜, ゆうべ -last night
有名, ゆうめい -famous
雪, ゆき -snow
ゆっくりと -slowly
八日, ようか -eight days, eighth day of the month
洋服, ようふく -western-style clothes
よく -often, well
横, よこ -beside,side,width
四日, よっか -four days, fouth day of the month
四つ, よっつ -four
呼ぶ, よぶ -to call out,to invite
読む, よむ -to read
夜, よる -evening,night
弱い, よわい -weak
来月, らいげつ -next month
来週, らいしゅう -next week
来年, らいねん -next year
ラジオ -radio
ラジカセ / ラジオカセット -radio cassette player
りっぱ -splendid
留学生, りゅうがくせい -overseas student
両親, りょうしん -both parents
料理, りょうり -cuisine
旅行, りょこう -travel
零, れい -zero
冷蔵庫, れいぞうこ -refrigerator
レコード -record
レストラン -restaurant
練習, れんしゅうする -to practice
廊下, ろうか -corridor
六, ろく -six
ワイシャツ -business shirt
若い, わかい -young
分かる, わかる -to be understood
忘れる, わすれる -to forget
私, わたくし -(humble) I,myself
私, わたし -I,myself
渡す, わたす -to hand over
渡る, わたる -to go across
悪い, わるい -bad
より, ほう -Used for comparison. | 18,967 | Common Lisp | .l | 668 | 17.928144 | 59 | 0.745324 | erikmcguire/cl-shiritori | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:19 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | b19083040208e31c4d39251774af43d53ca1c7324d78bbf8cf54a884afd5ec11 | 32,705 | [
-1
] |
32,706 | jlptn2.txt | erikmcguire_cl-shiritori/datasets/jlptn2.txt | あいかわらず -as ever,as usual,the same
アイデア / アイディア -idea
あいまい -vague,ambiguous
遭う, あう -to meet,to encounter (undesirable nuance)
扇ぐ, あおぐ -to fan,to flap
青白い, あおじろい -pale,pallid
あかんぼう -baby
明き, あき -room,time to spare,emptiness
あきれる -to be amazed,to be shocked
アクセント -accent
あくび -yawn
飽くまで, あくまで -to the end,to the last,stubbornly
明け方, あけがた -dawn
揚げる, あげる -to lift,to fry
挙げる, あげる -to raise,to fly
あげる, やる -to do for
憧れる, あこがれる -to long for,to yearn after,to admire
足跡, あしあと -footprints
味わう, あじわう -to taste,to savor,to relish
預かる, あずかる -to keep in custody,to receive on deposit,to take charge of
暖まる, あたたまる -to warm up,to get warm
暖める, あたためる -to warm,to heat
あたりまえ -usual,common,ordinary
あちら, あっち - over there, that way
あちらこちら -here and there
厚かましい, あつかましい -impudent,shameless,brazen
圧縮, あっしゅく -compression,condensation,pressure
宛名, あてな -address,direction
あてはまる -to be applicable,to come under (a category),to fulfill
あてはめる -to apply,to adapt
暴れる, あばれる -to act violently,to rage,to struggle,to be riotous
脂, あぶら -fat,tallow,lard
あぶる -to scorch
あふれる -to flood,to overflow,to brim over
雨戸, あまど -sliding storm door
甘やかす, あまやかす -to pamper,to spoil
余る, あまる -to remain,to be left over,to be in excess,to be too many
編物, あみもの -knitting,web
編む, あむ -to knit
危うい, あやうい -dangerous,critical,grave
怪しい, あやしい -suspicious,dubious,doubtful
荒い, あらい -rough,rude,wild
粗い, あらい -coarse,rough
あらすじ -outline,summary
争う, あらそう -to dispute,to argue,to be at variance,to compete
改めて, あらためて -another time,again,over again,anew,formally
改める, あらためる -to change,to alter,to reform,to revise
著す, あらわす -to write,to publish
有難い, ありがたい -grateful,thankful,welcome,appreciated,evoking gratitude
在る, ある -to live,to be
あれこれ -one thing or another,this and that,this or that
あわただしい -busy,hurried,confused,flurried
あわてる -to become confused
安易, あんい -easy-going
案外, あんがい -unexpectedly
アンテナ -antenna
言い出す, いいだす -to start talking,to speak,to tell,to propose,to suggest,to break the ice
言い付ける, いいつける -to tell,to tell on (someone),to order
意義, いぎ -meaning,significance
生き生き, いきいき -vividly,lively
いきなり -(uk) abruptly,suddenly,all of a sudden,without warning
育児, いくじ -childcare,nursing,upbringing
幾分, いくぶん -somewhat
生け花, いけばな -(1) flower arrangement
以後, いご -after this,from now on,hereafter,thereafter
以降, いこう -on and after,hereafter,thereafter
イコール -equal
勇ましい, いさましい -brave,valiant,gallant,courageous
衣食住, いしょくじゅう -necessities of life (food, clothing, etc.)
意地悪, いじわる -malicious,ill-tempered,unkind
いちいち -one by one,separately
一応, いちおう -once,tentatively,in outline,for the time being
一段と, いちだんと -greater,more,further,still more
一流, いちりゅう -first class,top grade,foremost,top-notch
佚, いつ -be lost,peace,hide,mistake,beautiful,in turn
一昨日, いっさくじつ -day before yesterday
一昨年, いっさくねん -year before last
一斉, いっせい -simultaneous,all at once
一旦, いったん -once,for a moment,one morning,temporarily
一定, いってい -fixed,settled,definite
いっていらっしゃい -
いってらっしゃい -
いってまいります -
いつのまにか -before one knows,unnoticed,unawares
移転, いてん -moving,transfer,demise
井戸, いど -water well
緯度, いど -latitude (nav.)
従姉妹, いとこ -cousin (female)
威張る, いばる -to be proud,to swagger
嫌がる, いやがる -to hate,to dislike
いよいよ -more and more,all the more,increasingly,at last,beyond doubt
煎る, いる -to parch,to fry
炒る, いる -
入れ物, いれもの -container,case,receptacle
インキ -ink
インタビュー -interview
引力, いんりょく -gravity
ウーマン -woman
ウール -wool
ウエートレス -waitress
植木, うえき -garden shrubs,trees,potted plant
飢える, うえる -to starve
浮ぶ, うかぶ -to float,to rise to surface,to come to mind
浮かべる, うかべる -to float,to express,to look (sad, glad)
浮く, うく -to float,to become merry,to become loose
承る, うけたまわる -(hum) to hear,to be told,to know
受取, うけとり -receipt
受け持つ, うけもつ -to take (be in) charge of
薄暗い, うすぐらい -dim,gloomy
薄める, うすめる -to dilute,to water down
打合せ, うちあわせ -business meeting,previous arrangement,appointment
打ち消す, うちけす -to deny,to negate,to contradict
討つ, うつ -to attack,to avenge
うっかり -carelessly,thoughtlessly,inadvertently
映す, うつす -to project,to reflect,to cast (shadow)
写る, うつる -to be photographed,to be projected
映る, うつる -to be reflected,to harmonize with,to come out (photo)
うどん -noodles (Japanese)
有無, うむ -yes or no,existence,flag indicator (comp),presence or absence marker
埋める, うめる -to bury,to fill up,to fill (a seat, a vacant position)
敬う, うやまう -to show respect,to honour
裏返す, うらがえす -to turn inside out,to turn (something) over
裏口, うらぐち -backdoor,rear entrance
占う, うらなう -to forecast,to predict
恨み, うらみ -resentment
恨む, うらむ -to curse,to feel bitter
羨ましい, うらやましい -envious,enviable
羨む, うらやむ -to envy
売上, うりあげ -amount sold,proceeds
売り切れ, うりきれ -sold-out
売り切れる, うりきれる -to be sold out
売行き, うれゆき -sales
うろうろ -loiteringly,aimless wandering
運河, うんが -canal,waterway
うんと -a great deal,very much
英文, えいぶん -sentence in English
英和, えいわ -English-Japanese (e.g. dictionary)
ええと -let me see,well,er....
液体, えきたい -liquid,fluid
エチケット -etiquette
絵の具, えのぐ -colors,paints
エプロン -apron
偉い, えらい -great,celebrated,eminent,terrible,awful,famous,remarkable,excellent
宴会, えんかい -party,banquet
園芸, えんげい -horticulture,gardening
演劇, えんげき -play (theatrical)
円周, えんしゅう -circumference
遠足, えんそく -trip,hike,picnic
延長, えんちょう -extension,elongation,prolongation,lengthening
煙突, えんとつ -chimney
追い掛ける, おいかける -to chase or run after someone,to run down,to pursue
追い越す, おいこす -to pass (e.g. car),to outdistance,to outstrip
オイル -oil,engine oil,kerosene
応援, おうえん -aid,assistance,help,reinforcement
王女, おうじょ -princess
応ずる, おうずる -to answer,to respond,to meet,to satisfy,to accept
応接, おうせつ -reception
応対, おうたい -receiving,dealing with
往復, おうふく -(col) round trip,coming and going,return ticket
欧米, おうべい -Europe and America,the West
応用, おうよう -application,put to practical use
オーケストラ -orchestra
おおざっぱ -rough (not precise),broad,sketchy
大通り, おおどおり -main street
オートメーション -automation
オーバーコート - overcoat
大凡, おおよそ -about,roughly,as a rule,approximately
お帰り, おかえり -return,welcome
おかけください -
おかげさまで -Thanks to god,thanks to you
おかず -side dish,accompaniment for rice dishes
拝む, おがむ -to worship,to beg,to make a supplication
お代わり, おかわり -second helping,another cup
補う, おぎなう -to compensate for
おきのどくに -
屋外, おくがい -outdoors
おくさん -(hon) wife,your wife,madam
送り仮名, おくりがな -part of word written in kana
おげんきで -
怠る, おこたる -to neglect,to be off guard,to be feeling better
押える, おさえる -to stop,to restrain,to seize,to repress,to suppress,to press down
おさきに -before,ahead,previously
納める, おさめる -to obtain,to reap,to pay,to supply,to accept
治める, おさめる -(1) to govern,to manage,(2) to subdue
惜しい, おしい -regrettable,disappointing,precious
御辞儀, おじぎ -bow
伯父さん, おじさん -middle-aged gentleman,uncle
小父さん, おじさん -middle-aged gentleman,uncle
叔父さん, おじさん -middle-aged gentleman,uncle
おしゃれ -smartly dressed,someone smartly dressed,fashion-conscious
おじゃまします -Excuse me for disturbing you
教わる, おそわる -to be taught
おだいじに -Take care of yourself
落着く, おちつく -to calm down,to settle down
御手洗, おてあらい -font of purifying water placed at entrance of shrine
お出掛け, おでかけ -
お手伝いさん, おてつだいさん -maid
おどかす -to threaten,to coerce
落し物, おとしもの -lost property
おととい -day before yesterday
おととし -year before last
おとなしい -obedient,docile,quiet
驚かす, おどろかす -to surprise,to frighten,to create a stir
おねがいします -please
各々, おのおの -each,every,either,respectively,severally
伯母さん, おばさん -(hon) aunt
叔母さん, おばさん -(1) aunt,(2) middle-aged lady
おはよう -(abbr) Good morning
お参り, おまいり -worship,shrine visit
おまたせしました -Sorry to have kept you waiting
おまちください -Please wait a moment
おまちどおさま -Sorry to have kept you waiting
おめでたい -happy event,matter for congratulation,auspicious event,pregnancy
思い掛けない, おもいがけない -unexpected,casual
思い込む, おもいこむ -to be under impression that,to be convinced that
思いっ切り, おもいっきり -
思い付く, おもいつく -to think of,to hit upon
重たい, おもたい -heavy,massive,serious
おやすみ -(1) holiday,absence,rest,(2) (exp) Good night
おやつ -(1) between meal snack,afternoon refreshment
親指, おやゆび -thumb
オルガン -organ
卸す, おろす -to sell wholesale,grated (vegetables)
恩恵, おんけい -grace,favor,blessing,benefit
温室, おんしつ -greenhouse
温泉, おんせん -spa,hot spring,onsen
温帯, おんたい -temperate zone
御中, おんちゅう -and Company,Messrs.
女の人, おんなのひと -woman
蚊, か -mosquito
カーブ -(1) curve,(2) curve ball (baseball)
貝, かい -shell,shellfish
開会, かいかい -opening of a meeting
会館, かいかん -meeting hall,assembly hall
改札, かいさつ -examination of tickets
解散, かいさん -breakup,dissolution
海水浴, かいすいよく -sea bathing,seawater bath
回数, かいすう -number of times,frequency
回数券, かいすうけん -book of tickets
改正, かいせい -revision,amendment,alteration
快晴, かいせい -good weather
解説, かいせつ -explanation,commentary
改造, かいぞう -(1) remodeling,(2) modding (comp)
開通, かいつう -opening,open
回転, かいてん -rotation,revolution,turning
解答, かいとう -answer,solution
回答, かいとう -reply,answer
外部, がいぶ -the outside,external
解放, かいほう -release,liberation,emancipation
開放, かいほう -open,throw open,liberalization
海洋, かいよう -ocean
概論, がいろん -intro,outline,general remarks
帰す, かえす -to send back
却って, かえって -on the contrary,rather,all the more,instead
代える, かえる -to exchange,to interchange,to substitute,to replace
反る, かえる -to warp,to be warped,to curve
家屋, かおく -house,building
係わる, かかわる -to concern oneself in,to have to do with,to affect,to influence,to stick to (opinions)
書留, かきとめ -writing down,putting on record,recording,making a note of,registration (of mail)
書取, かきとり -dictation
垣根, かきね -hedge
掻く, かく -to scratch,to perspire
嗅ぐ, かぐ -to sniff,to smell
架空, かくう -aerial,overhead,fiction,fanciful
各自, かくじ -individual,each
拡充, かくじゅう -expansion
学術, がくじゅつ -science,learning,scholarship
各地, かくち -every place,various places
拡張, かくちょう -expansion,extension,enlargement,escape (ESC)
角度, かくど -angle
学年, がくねん -year in school,grade in school
学部, がくぶ -department of a university,undergraduate
格別, かくべつ -exceptional
確率, かくりつ -probability
学力, がくりょく -scholarship,knowledge,literary ability
掛け算, かけざん -multiplication
可決, かけつ -approval,adoption (e.g. motion, bill),passage
火口, かこう -a burner,origin of a fire
下降, かこう -downward,descent,fall,drop,subsidence
重なる, かさなる -to be piled up,lie on top of one another,overlap each other
重ねる, かさねる -to pile up,to put something on another,to heap up,to add,to repeat
飾り, かざり -decoration
火山, かざん -volcano
かしこまりました -certainly!
貸し出し, かしだし -lending,loaning
過失, かしつ -error,blunder,accident
果実, かじつ -fruit,nut,berry.
貸間, かしま -room to let
貸家, かしや -house for rent
個所, かしょ -passage,place,point,part
過剰, かじょう -excess,over-
かじる -to chew,to bite (at),to gnaw,to nibble
課税, かぜい -taxation
下線, かせん -underline,underscore
カセット -cassette (tape)
加速, かそく -acceleration
加速度, かそくど -acceleration
固い, かたい -stubborn,firm (not viscous or easily moved)
堅い, かたい -hard (esp. wood),steadfast,honorable,stuffy writing
片仮名, かたかな -katakana
片付く, かたづく -to put in order,to dispose of,to solve
塊, かたまり -lump,mass,clod,cluster
固まる, かたまる -to harden,to solidify,to become firm,to become certain
片道, かたみち -one-way (trip)
傾く, かたむく -to incline toward,to slant,to lurch
片寄る, かたよる -to be one-sided,to incline,to be partial
学科, がっか -study subject,course of study
学会, がっかい -scientific society,academic meeting
楽器, がっき -musical instrument
学級, がっきゅう -grade in school
担ぐ, かつぐ -to shoulder,to carry on shoulder
括弧, かっこ -parenthesis,brackets
活字, かつじ -printing type
活躍, かつやく -activity
活力, かつりょく -vitality,energy
仮定, かてい -assumption,supposition,hypothesis
過程, かてい -process
課程, かてい -course,curriculum
仮名, かな -(n) alias,pseudonym,pen name
仮名遣い, かなづかい -kana orthography,syllabary spelling
鐘, かね -bell,chime
加熱, かねつ -heating
兼ねる, かねる -to hold (position),to serve,to be unable
カバー -cover (ex. book)
過半数, かはんすう -majority
被せる, かぶせる -to cover (with something)
釜, かま -iron pot,kettle
紙屑, かみくず -wastepaper
神様, かみさま -god
剃刀, かみそり -razor
ガム -chewing gum
貨物, かもつ -cargo,freight
かゆい -itchy,itching
歌謡, かよう -song,ballad
殻, から -shell,husk,hull,chaff
カラー -collar,color,colour
からかう -to ridicule,to tease,to banter with,to make fun of
空っぽ, からっぽ -empty,vacant,hollow
かるた -(n) playing cards (pt: carta)
枯れる, かれる -to wither,to die (plant),to be blasted (plant)
カロリー -calorie
かわいがる -to love,to be affectionate
乾かす, かわかす -to dry (clothes, etc.),to desiccate
渇く, かわく -to be thirsty
為替, かわせ -money order,exchange
瓦, かわら -roof tile
代る, かわる -(v5r,vi) to take the place of,to relieve,to be substituted for
間隔, かんかく -space,interval,SPC
換気, かんき -ventilation
感激, かんげき -deep emotion,impression,inspiration
関西, かんさい -
鑑賞, かんしょう -appreciation
感ずる, かんずる -to feel,to sense
間接, かんせつ -indirection,indirectness
乾燥, かんそう -dry,arid,insipid,dehydrated
感想, かんそう -impressions,thoughts
観測, かんそく -observation
寒帯, かんたい -frigid zone
官庁, かんちょう -government office,authorities
勘違い, かんちがい -misunderstanding,wrong guess
缶詰, かんづめ -packing (in cans),canning,canned goods,tin can
乾電池, かんでんち -dry cell,battery
関東, かんとう -eastern half of Japan, including Tokyo
観念, かんねん -(1) idea,notion,conception,(2) sense (e.g. of duty)
乾杯, かんぱい -toast (drink)
看板, かんばん -sign,signboard,doorplate,poster
看病, かんびょう -nursing (a patient)
冠, かんむり -crown,diadem,first,best
漢和, かんわ -Chinese Character-Japanese (e.g. dictionary)
気圧, きあつ -atmospheric pressure
器械, きかい -instrument
着替え, きがえ -changing clothes,change of clothes
機関車, きかんしゃ -locomotive,engine
飢饉, ききん -famine
器具, きぐ -utensil
期限, きげん -term,period
記号, きごう -symbol,code
刻む, きざむ -to mince,to carve,to engrave
儀式, ぎしき -ceremony,rite,ritual,service
基準, きじゅん -standard,basis,criteria,norm
規準, きじゅん -standard,basis,criteria,norm
起床, きしょう -rising,getting out of bed
着せる, きせる -to put on clothes
基礎, きそ -foundation,basis
気体, きたい -vapour,gas
基地, きち -base
きっかけ -chance,start,cue,excuse
ぎっしり -tightly,fully
基盤, きばん -foundation,basis
客席, きゃくせき -guest seating
客間, きゃくま -parlor,guest room
ギャング -gang
キャンパス -campus
休業, きゅうぎょう -closed (e.g. store),business suspended,shutdown,holiday
休講, きゅうこう -lecture cancelled
休息, きゅうそく -rest,relief,relaxation
給与, きゅうよ -allowance,grant,supply
休養, きゅうよう -rest,break,recreation
清い, きよい -clear,pure,noble
強化, きょうか -strengthen,intensify,reinforce,solidify
境界, きょうかい -boundary
行事, ぎょうじ -event,function
恐縮, きょうしゅく -shame,very kind of you,sorry to trouble
教養, きょうよう -culture,education,refinement,cultivation
行列, ぎょうれつ -(1) line,procession,(2) matrix (math)
漁業, ぎょぎょう -fishing (industry)
曲線, きょくせん -curve
規律, きりつ -order,rules,law
斬る, きる -(v5r) to behead,to murder
気を付ける, きをつける -to be careful,to pay attention,to take care
金魚, きんぎょ -goldfish
区域, くいき -limits,boundary,domain,zone,sphere,territory
偶数, ぐうすう -even number
空想, くうそう -daydream,fantasy,fancy,vision
空中, くうちゅう -sky,air
クーラー -cooler,air conditioner
釘, くぎ -nail
区切る, くぎる -to punctuate,to cut off,to mark off,to stop,to put an end to
櫛, くし -comb
くしゃみ -sneeze
苦情, くじょう -complaint,troubles,objection
苦心, くしん -pain,trouble
屑, くず -waste,scrap
崩す, くずす -to destroy,to pull down,to make change (money)
薬指, くすりゆび -ring finger
崩れる, くずれる -to collapse,to crumble
砕く, くだく -to break,to smash
砕ける, くだける -to break,to be broken
くたびれる -to get tired,to wear out
くだらない -good-for-nothing,stupid,trivial,worthless
下る, くだる -to get down,to descend
唇, くちびる -lips
口紅, くちべに -lipstick
くっつく -to adhere to,to keep close to
くっつける -to attach
くどい -verbose,importunate,heavy (taste)
句読点, くとうてん -punctuation marks
配る, くばる -to distribute,to deliver
工夫, くふう -labourer,worker
区分, くぶん -division,section,classification
組合せ, くみあわせ -combination
組み立てる, くみたてる -to assemble,to set up,to construct
汲む, くむ -(1) to draw (water),to dip,to scoop,to pump
酌む, くむ -to serve sake
悔しい, くやしい -regrettable,mortifying,vexing
悔やむ, くやむ -to mourn
クリーニング -cleaning,dry cleaning,laundry service
くるむ -to be engulfed in,to be enveloped by,to wrap up
くれぐれも -repeatedly,sincerely,earnestly
咥える, くわえる -
郡, ぐん -country,district
稽古, けいこ -practice,training,study
敬語, けいご -honorific,term of respect
蛍光灯, けいこうとう -fluorescent lamp,person who is slow to react
形式, けいしき -form,formality,format,math expression
継続, けいぞく -continuation
毛糸, けいと -knitting wool
経度, けいど -longitude
系統, けいとう -system,family line,geological formation
芸能, げいのう -public entertainment,accomplishments,attainments
競馬, けいば -horse racing
警備, けいび -defense,guard,policing,security
形容詞, けいようし -true adjective
形容動詞, けいようどうし -adjectival noun,quasi-adjective
外科, げか -surgical department
毛皮, けがわ -fur,skin,pelt
激増, げきぞう -sudden increase
下車, げしゃ -alighting,getting off
下旬, げじゅん -month (last third of)
下水, げすい -drainage,sewage,ditch,gutter,sewerage
削る, けずる -to cut down little by little,to take a percentage
桁, けた -column,beam,digit
下駄, げた -geta (Japanese footwear),wooden clogs
血圧, けつあつ -blood pressure
血液, けつえき -blood
月給, げっきゅう -monthly salary
傑作, けっさく -masterpiece,best work,boner,blunder
月末, げつまつ -end of the month
気配, けはい -indication,market trend,worry
下品, げひん -vulgarity,meanness,indecency,coarseness
煙い, けむい -smoky
蹴る, ける -to kick
けれど/けれども -but,however
険しい, けわしい -inaccessible place,sharp eyes
見学, けんがく -inspection,study by observation,field trip
謙虚, けんきょ -modesty,humility
原稿, げんこう -manuscript,copy
原産, げんさん -place of origin,habitat
原始, げんし -origin,primeval
研修, けんしゅう -training
厳重, げんじゅう -strict,rigour,severe,firm
謙遜, けんそん -humble,humility,modesty
県庁, けんちょう -prefectural office
限度, げんど -limit,bounds
現に, げんに -actually,really
顕微鏡, けんびきょう -microscope
原理, げんり -principle,theory,fundamental truth
原料, げんりょう -raw materials
碁, ご -Go (board game of capturing territory)
恋しい, こいしい -(1) dear,beloved,darling,(2) yearned for
請う, こう -to ask,to request
工員, こういん -factory worker
強引, ごういん -overbearing,coercive,pushy,forcible,high-handed
公害, こうがい -public nuisance,pollution
高級, こうきゅう -high class,high grade
公共, こうきょう -public,community,public service,society,communal
工芸, こうげい -industrial arts
孝行, こうこう -filial piety
交差, こうさ -cross
講師, こうし -lecturer
工事, こうじ -construction work
公式, こうしき -formula,formality,official
口実, こうじつ -excuse
こうして, こうして -thus
校舎, こうしゃ -school building
公衆, こうしゅう -the public
香水, こうすい -perfume
公正, こうせい -justice,fairness,impartiality
功績, こうせき -achievements,merit,meritorious service,meritorious deed
光線, こうせん -beam,light ray
高層, こうそう -upper
構造, こうぞう -structure,construction
交替, こうたい -alternation,change,relief,relay,shift
耕地, こうち -arable land
交通機関, こうつうきかん -transportation facilities
校庭, こうてい -campus
肯定, こうてい -positive,affirmation
高度, こうど -altitude,height,advanced
高等, こうとう -high class,high grade
合同, ごうどう -combination,incorporation,union,amalgamation
後輩, こうはい -junior (at work or school)
公表, こうひょう -official announcement,proclamation
鉱物, こうぶつ -mineral
公務, こうむ -official business,public business
項目, こうもく -item
紅葉, こうよう -(1) (Japanese) maple
合理, ごうり -rational
交流, こうりゅう -alternating current,intercourse,(cultural) exchange,intermingling
合流, ごうりゅう -confluence,union,linking up,merge
効力, こうりょく -effect,efficacy,validity,potency
超える, こえる -to exceed,to cross over,to cross
コース -course
コーラス -chorus
焦がす, こがす -to burn,to scorch,to singe,to char
国王, こくおう -king
国籍, こくせき -nationality
国立, こくりつ -national
ごくろうさま -Thank you very much for your....
焦げる, こげる -to burn,to be burned
凍える, こごえる -to freeze,to be chilled,to be frozen
心当たり, こころあたり -having some knowledge of,happening to know
心得る, こころえる -to be informed,to have thorough knowledge
腰掛け, こしかけ -seat,bench
腰掛ける, こしかける -to sit (down)
五十音, ごじゅうおん -the Japanese syllabary
胡椒, こしょう -pepper
こしらえる -to make,to manufacture
超す, こす -to cross,to pass,to tide over
擦る, こする -to rub,to chafe,to file,to frost (glass),to strike (match)
ごぞんじですか -
個体, こたい -an individual
御馳走, ごちそう -feast,treating (someone)
ごちそうさま -feast
こちらこそ -it is I who should say so
小遣い, こづかい -personal expenses,pocket money,spending money,incidental expenses,allowance
コック -(1) cook (nl:),(2) tap,spigot,faucet,cock
こっそり -stealthily,secretly
古典, こてん -old book,classics,classic
琴, こと -Koto (Japanese harp)
言付ける, ことづける -to send word,to send a message
言葉遣い, ことばづかい -speech,expression,wording
こないだ -the other day,lately,recently
御無沙汰, ごぶさた -not writing or contacting for a while
こぼす -to spill
こぼれる -to overflow,to spill
塵芥, ごみ -trash,rubbish
ゴム -gum,rubber,eraser
御免, ごめん -your pardon,declining (something),dismissal,permission
ごめんください -May I come in?
小指, こゆび -little finger
こらえる -to bear,to stand,to endure,to put up with
娯楽, ごらく -pleasure,amusement
御覧, ごらん -(hon) look,inspection,try
コレクション -(1) collection,(2) correction
転がす, ころがす -to roll
転がる, ころがる -to roll,to tumble
紺, こん -navy blue,deep blue
コンクール -contest (fr: concours)
コンクリート -concrete
混合, こんごう -mixing,mixture
コンセント -(1) consent,(2) concentric
献立, こんだて -menu,program,schedule
こんばんは -good evening
サークル -circle,sports club (i.e. at a company)
在学, ざいがく -(enrolled) in school
再三, さいさん -again and again,repeatedly
祭日, さいじつ -national holiday,festival day
催促, さいそく -request,demand,claim,urge (action),press for
採点, さいてん -marking,grading,looking over
災難, さいなん -calamity,misfortune
裁縫, さいほう -sewing
材木, ざいもく -lumber,timber
サイレン -siren
逆さ, さかさ -reverse,inversion,upside down
逆様, さかさま -inversion,upside down
捜す, さがす -to search,to seek,to look for
遡る, さかのぼる -to go back,to go upstream,to make retroactive
酒場, さかば -bar,bar-room
さきおととい -two days before yesterday
先程, さきほど -some time ago
裂く, さく -to tear,to split
索引, さくいん -index,indices
作者, さくしゃ -author,authoress
削除, さくじょ -elimination,cancellation,deletion,erasure
作成, さくせい -frame,draw up,make,producing
作製, さくせい -manufacture
探る, さぐる -to search,to look for,to sound out
囁く, ささやく -to whisper,to murmur
刺さる, ささる -to stick,to be stuck
匙, さじ -spoon
座敷, ざしき -tatami room
差し支え, さしつかえ -hindrance,impediment
差し引き, さしひき -deduction,subtraction,balance,ebb and flow,rise and fall
刺身, さしみ -sliced raw fish
刺す, さす -to pierce,to stab,to prick,to thrust
挿す, さす -to insert,to put in,to graft,to wear in belt
注す, さす -to pour (drink),to serve (drinks)
射す, さす -to shine,to strike
流石, さすが -clever,adept,good,expectations,as one would expect
撮影, さつえい -photographing
雑音, ざつおん -noise (jarring, grating)
さっさと -quickly
早速, さっそく -at once,immediately,without delay,promptly
錆, さび -rust (colour)
錆びる, さびる -to rust,to become rusty
座布団, ざぶとん -cushion (Japanese)
冷ます, さます -to cool,to dampen,to let cool
妨げる, さまたげる -to disturb,to prevent
冷める, さめる -to become cool,to wear off,to abate,to subside
さようなら -good-bye
再来月, さらいげつ -month after next
再来週, さらいしゅう -week after next
再来年, さらいねん -year after next
サラリーマン -salary man,company employee
騒がしい, さわがしい -noisy
さわやか -fresh,refreshing,invigorating
三角, さんかく -triangle,triangular
算数, さんすう -arithmetic
酸性, さんせい -acidity
産地, さんち -producing area
サンプル -sample
山林, さんりん -mountain forest,mountains and forest
仕上がる, しあがる -to be finished
しあさって -two days after tomorrow
シーズン -season (sporting)
シーツ -sheet
寺院, じいん -temple
しいんと, （する） -silent (as the grave),(deathly) quiet
自衛, じえい -self-defense
塩辛い, しおからい -salty (taste)
司会, しかい -chairmanship
四角, しかく -square
四角い, しかくい -square
時間割, じかんわり -timetable,schedule
四季, しき -four seasons
敷地, しきち -site
至急, しきゅう -urgent,pressing
敷く, しく -to spread out,to lay out
茂る, しげる -to grow thick,to luxuriate,to be luxurious
持参, じさん -bringing,taking,carrying
磁石, じしゃく -magnet
四捨五入, ししゃごにゅう -rounding up (fractions)
始終, しじゅう -continuously,from beginning to end
自習, じしゅう -self-study
静まる, しずまる -to quieten down,to calm down,to subside
姿勢, しせい -attitude,posture
自然科学, しぜんかがく -natural science
時速, じそく -speed (per hour)
子孫, しそん -descendants,posterity,offspring
死体, したい -corpse
下書き, したがき -rough copy,draft
下町, したまち -Shitamachi,lower parts of town
自治, じち -self-government,autonomy
実感, じっかん -feelings (actual, true)
湿気, しっけ -moisture,humidity,dampness
湿気, しっき -moisture,humidity,dampness
しつこい -insistent,obstinate
実習, じっしゅう -practice,training
実績, じっせき -achievements,actual results
湿度, しつど -level of humidity
執筆, しっぴつ -writing
実物, じつぶつ -real thing,original
しっぽ -tail (animal)
実用, じつよう -practical use,utility
実力, じつりょく -merit,efficiency,arms,force
実例, じつれい -example,illustration
失恋, しつれん -disappointed love,broken heart,unrequited love,be lovelorn
指定, してい -designation,specification,assignment,pointing at
私鉄, してつ -private railway
児童, じどう -children,juvenile
縛る, しばる -to tie,to bind
地盤, じばん -(the) ground
しびれる -to become numb,to go to sleep (i.e., a limb)
紙幣, しへい -paper money,notes,bills
しぼむ -to wither,to fade (away),to shrivel,to wilt
絞る, しぼる -to press,to wring,to squeeze
縞, しま -stripe
地味, じみ -plain,simple
しみじみ -keenly,deeply,heartily
氏名, しめい -full name,identity
締切, しめきり -closing,cut-off,end,deadline,Closed,No Entrance
締め切る, しめきる -to shut up
湿る, しめる -to be wet,to become wet,to be damp
ジャーナリスト -journalist
社会科学, しゃかいかがく -social science
しゃがむ -to squat
蛇口, じゃぐち -faucet,tap
弱点, じゃくてん -weak point,weakness
車庫, しゃこ -garage,car shed
車掌, しゃしょう -(train) conductor
写生, しゃせい -sketching,drawing from nature
社説, しゃせつ -editorial,leading article
しゃっくり -hiccough,hiccup
シャッター -shutter
しゃぶる -to suck,to chew
車輪, しゃりん -(car) wheel
洒落, しゃれ -joke,pun,witticism
じゃんけん -(n) rock-scissors-paper game
集会, しゅうかい -meeting,assembly
住居, じゅうきょ -dwelling,house,residence,address
集金, しゅうきん -money collection
集合, しゅうごう -gathering,assembly,meeting,set (math)
習字, しゅうじ -penmanship
修繕, しゅうぜん -repair,mending
重体, じゅうたい -seriously ill,serious condition,critical state
じゅうたん, （カーペット） -carpet
終点, しゅうてん -terminus,last stop (e.g train)
重点, じゅうてん -important point,lay stress on,colon,emphasis
就任, しゅうにん -inauguration,assumption of office
周辺, しゅうへん -circumference,outskirts,environs,(computer) peripheral
重役, じゅうやく -director,high executive
終了, しゅうりょう -end,close,termination
重量, じゅうりょう -(1) weight,(2) heavyweight boxer
重力, じゅうりょく -gravity
熟語, じゅくご -idiom,idiomatic phrase,kanji compound
祝日, しゅくじつ -national holiday
縮小, しゅくしょう -reduction,curtailment
受験, じゅけん -taking an examination
主語, しゅご -(gram) subject
出勤, しゅっきん -going to work,at work
述語, じゅつご -predicate
出張, しゅっちょう -official tour,business trip
寿命, じゅみょう -life span
主役, しゅやく -leading part,leading actor (actress)
受話器, じゅわき -(telephone) receiver
循環, じゅんかん -circulation,rotation,cycle
巡査, じゅんさ -police,policeman
順々, じゅんじゅん -in order,in turn
順序, じゅんじょ -order,sequence,procedure
純情, じゅんじょう -pure heart,naivete,self-sacrificing devotion
純粋, じゅんすい -pure,true,genuine,unmixed
消化, しょうか -digestion
小学生, しょうがくせい -grade school student
しょうがない -
将棋, しょうぎ -Japanese chess
蒸気, じょうき -steam,vapour
定規, じょうぎ -(measuring) ruler
上級, じょうきゅう -advanced level,high grade,senior
商業, しょうぎょう -commerce,trade,business
消極的, しょうきょくてき -passive
賞金, しょうきん -prize,monetary award
上下, じょうげ -high and low,up and down,unloading and loading,praising and blaming
障子, しょうじ -paper sliding door
商社, しょうしゃ -trading company,firm
乗車, じょうしゃ -taking a train,entraining
上旬, じょうじゅん -first 10 days of month
生ずる, しょうずる -to cause,to arise,to be generated
小数, しょうすう -fraction (part of),decimal
商店, しょうてん -shop,business firm
焦点, しょうてん -focus,point
消毒, しょうどく -disinfection,sterilization
勝敗, しょうはい -victory or defeat,issue (of battle)
蒸発, じょうはつ -evaporation,unexplained disappearance
賞品, しょうひん -prize,trophy
勝負, しょうぶ -victory or defeat,match,contest,game,bout
小便, しょうべん -(col) urine,piss
消防署, しょうぼうしょ -fire station
正味, しょうみ -net (weight)
正面, しょうめん -the front,honesty
消耗, しょうもう -exhaustion,consumption
醤油, しょうゆ -soy sauce
省略, しょうりゃく -omission,abbreviation,abridgment
初級, しょきゅう -elementary level
助教授, じょきょうじゅ -assistant professor
食塩, しょくえん -table salt
職人, しょくにん -worker,mechanic,artisan,craftsman
初旬, しょじゅん -first 10 days of the month
書籍, しょせき -book,publication
食器, しょっき -tableware
ショップ -a shop
書店, しょてん -bookshop
書道, しょどう -calligraphy
白髪, しらが -white or grey hair,trendy hair bleaching
知合い, しりあい -acquaintance
シリーズ -series
私立, しりつ -private (establishment)
資料, しりょう -materials,data
汁, しる -juice,sap,soup,broth
素人, しろうと -amateur,novice
芯, しん -core,heart,wick,marrow
新幹線, しんかんせん -bullet train (very high speed),shinkansen
真空, しんくう -vacuum,hollow,empty
信ずる, しんずる -to believe,to believe in,to place trust in
心身, しんしん -mind and body
申請, しんせい -application,request,petition
人造, じんぞう -man-made,synthetic,artificial
寝台, しんだい -bed,couch
診断, しんだん -diagnosis
侵入, しんにゅう -penetration,invasion,raid,aggression,trespass
人文科学, じんぶんかがく -social sciences,humanities
人命, じんめい -(human) life
深夜, しんや -late at night
森林, しんりん -forest,woods
親類, しんるい -relation,kin
針路, しんろ -course,direction,compass bearing
神話, しんわ -myth,legend
酢, す -vinegar
水産, すいさん -marine products,fisheries
炊事, すいじ -cooking,culinary arts
水蒸気, すいじょうき -water vapour,steam
水素, すいそ -hydrogen
垂直, すいちょく -vertical,perpendicular
推定, すいてい -presumption,assumption,estimation
水滴, すいてき -drop of water
水筒, すいとう -canteen,flask,water bottle
随筆, ずいひつ -essays,miscellaneous writings
水分, すいぶん -moisture
水平, すいへい -water level,horizon
水平線, すいへいせん -horizon
水曜, すいよう -Wednesday
ずうずうしい -impudent,shameless
ずうっと -
末っ子, すえっこ -youngest child
スカーフ -scarf
図鑑, ずかん -picture book
杉, すぎ -Japanese cedar
好き嫌い, すききらい -likes and dislikes,taste
好き好き, すきずき -matter of taste
透き通る, すきとおる -to be(come) transparent
隙間, すきま -crevice,crack,gap,opening
スクール -school
すくなくとも -at least
図形, ずけい -figure
スケジュール -schedule
鈴, すず -bell
涼む, すずむ -to cool oneself,to cool off,to enjoy evening cool
スタート -start
スチュワーデス -stewardess
すっきり -shapely,clear,neat
すっぱい -sour,acid
ステージ -(1) stage,(2) performance
棄てる, すてる -
ストッキング -stockings
ストップ -stop
素直, すなお -obedient,meek,docile,unaffected
頭脳, ずのう -head,brains,intellect
スピーカー -speaker
図表, ずひょう -chart,diagram,graph
スマート -smart,stylish,slim
住まい, すまい -dwelling,house,residence,address
すまない -sorry (phrase)
墨, すみ -ink
澄む, すむ -to clear (e.g. weather),to become transparent
清む, すむ -
相撲, すもう -sumo wrestling
スライド -slide
ずらす -to put off,to delay
ずらり -
掏摸, すり -pickpocket
刷る, する -to print
狡い, ずるい -sly,cunning
すれちがう -to pass by one another,to disagree
滑れる, ずれる -
寸法, すんぽう -measurement,size,dimension
姓, せい -surname,family name
税関, ぜいかん -customs house
製作, せいさく -manufacture,production
制作, せいさく -work (film, book)
性質, せいしつ -nature,property,disposition
清書, せいしょ -clean copy
青少年, せいしょうねん -youth,young person
整数, せいすう -integer
清掃, せいそう -cleaning
生存, せいぞん -existence,being,survival
生長, せいちょう -growth,increment
政党, せいとう -(member of) political party
生年月日, せいねんがっぴ -birth date
性能, せいのう -ability,efficiency
整備, せいび -adjustment,completion,consolidation
成分, せいぶん -ingredient,component,composition
性別, せいべつ -distinction by sex,sex,gender
正方形, せいほうけい -square
正門, せいもん -main gate,main entrance
成立, せいりつ -coming into existence,arrangements,establishment,completion
西暦, せいれき -Christian Era,anno domini (A.D.)
背負う, せおう -to be burdened with,to carry on back or shoulder
赤道, せきどう -equator
折角, せっかく -with trouble,at great pains,long-awaited
接近, せっきん -getting closer,drawing nearer,approaching
石鹸, せっけん -soap
接する, せっする -to come in contact with,to connect,to attend,to receive
せっせと -
接続, せつぞく -(1) connection,union,join,link,(2) changing trains
瀬戸物, せともの -earthenware,crockery,china
ぜひとも -by all means (with sense of not taking no for an answer)
迫る, せまる -to draw near,to press
ゼミ -(n) seminar
せめて -offense,method of attack
攻める, せめる -to attack,to assault
セメント -cement
栓, せん -stopper,cork,stopcock
前後, ぜんご -around,throughout,front and back,before and behind,before and after
洗剤, せんざい -detergent,washing material
全集, ぜんしゅう -complete works
全身, ぜんしん -the whole body,full-length (portrait)
扇子, せんす -folding fan
専制, せんせい -despotism,autocracy
先々月, せんせんげつ -month before last
先々週, せんせんしゅう -
先祖, せんぞ -ancestor
先端, せんたん -pointed end,tip,fine point
センチ -centimeter,centi-,10^-2
宣伝, せんでん -propaganda,publicity
先頭, せんとう -head,lead,vanguard,first
全般, ぜんぱん -(the) whole,universal,wholly,general
扇風機, せんぷうき -electric fan
線路, せんろ -line,track,roadbed
相違, そうい -difference,discrepancy,variation
そういえば -which reminds me ..
雑巾, ぞうきん -house-cloth,dust cloth
増減, ぞうげん -increase and decrease,fluctuation
倉庫, そうこ -storehouse,warehouse,godown
相互, そうご -mutual,reciprocal
創作, そうさく -production,literary creation,work
葬式, そうしき -funeral
そうして -and,like that
造船, ぞうせん -shipbuilding
騒々しい, そうぞうしい -noisy,boisterous
増大, ぞうだい -enlargement
そうっと -
送別, そうべつ -farewell,send-off
草履, ぞうり -zoori (Japanese footwear),sandals
総理大臣, そうりだいじん -Prime Minister
送料, そうりょう -postage,carriage
属する, ぞくする -to belong to,to come under,to be affiliated with,to be subject to
続々, ぞくぞく -successively,one after another
速達, そくたつ -express,special delivery
測定, そくてい -measurement
測量, そくりょう -measurement,surveying
速力, そくりょく -speed
素質, そしつ -character,qualities,genius
祖先, そせん -ancestor
そそっかしい -careless,thoughtless
卒直, そっちょく -frankness,candour,openheartedness
具える, そなえる -to be furnished with
そのうえ -in addition,furthermore
そのころ -
そのため -hence,for that reason
そのほか -otherwise
蕎麦, そば -soba (buckwheat noodles)
剃る, そる -to shave
それなのに -
逸れる, それる -to stray (turn) from subject,to get lost,to go astray
揃う, そろう -to become complete,to be equal,to be all present,to gather
揃える, そろえる -to put things in order,to arrange,to make uniform,to get something ready
算盤, そろばん -abacus
存じる, ぞんじる -(hum) to know
存ずる, ぞんずる -
損得, そんとく -loss and gain,advantage and disadvantage
田ぼ, たんぼ -paddy field,farm
だいいち, （副） -first,foremost,# 1
退院, たいいん -leaving hospital
大学院, だいがくいん -graduate school
大工, だいく -carpenter
体系, たいけい -system,organization
太鼓, たいこ -drum,tambourine
対策, たいさく -counter-plan,counter-measure
大して, たいして -(not so) much,(not) very
対照, たいしょう -contrast,antithesis,comparison
大小, だいしょう -size
体制, たいせい -order,system,structure,set-up,organization
体積, たいせき -capacity,volume
大層, たいそう -very much,exaggerated,very fine
体操, たいそう -gymnastics,physical exercises,calisthenics
大分, だいぶん -considerably,greatly,a lot
大木, たいぼく -large tree
題名, だいめい -title
代名詞, だいめいし -pronoun
タイア -tire,tyre
ダイヤグラム -diagram
ダイヤモンド -diamond
ダイヤル -dial
対立, たいりつ -confrontation,opposition,antagonism
田植え, たうえ -rice planting
絶えず, たえず -constantly
楕円, だえん -ellipse
高める, たかめる -to raise,to lift,to boost
耕す, たがやす -to till,to plow,to cultivate
滝, たき -waterfall
炊く, たく -to boil,to cook
焚く, たく -to burn,to kindle,to build a fire
蓄える, たくわえる -to store,to lay in stock
竹, たけ -bamboo,middle (of a three-tier ranking system)
助かる, たすかる -to be saved,to be rescued,to survive,to be helpful
只, ただ -free of charge,mere,sole,only,usual,common
但し, ただし -but,however,provided that
畳む, たたむ -to fold (clothes)
立ち止まる, たちどまる -to stop,to halt,to stand still
たちまち -at once,in a moment,suddenly,all at once
建つ, たつ -to erect,to be erected,to be built
発つ, たつ -to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)
脱線, だっせん -derailment,digression
妥当, だとう -valid,proper,right,appropriate
例える, たとえる -to compare,to liken,to speak figuratively,to illustrate,to use a simile
頼もしい, たのもしい -reliable,trustworthy,hopeful,promising
足袋, たび -tabi,Japanese socks (with split toe)
ダブル -double
だます -to trick,to cheat,to deceive
溜まる, たまる -to collect,to gather,to save
ダム -dumb
溜息, ためいき -a sigh
ためらう -to hesitate
溜める, ためる -to amass,to accumulate
だらしない -slovenly,loose,a slut
足る, たる -to be sufficient,to be enough
段階, だんかい -gradation,grade,stage
短期, たんき -short term
炭鉱, たんこう -coal mine,coal pit
短所, たんしょ -(1) defect,demerit,weak point,(2) disadvantage
たんす -chest of drawers
淡水, たんすい -fresh water
断水, だんすい -water outage
単数, たんすう -singular (number)
団地, だんち -multi-unit apartments
断定, だんてい -conclusion,decision
短編, たんぺん -short (e.g. story, film)
誓う, ちかう -to swear,to vow,to take an oath,to pledge
地下水, ちかすい -underground water
近々, ちかぢか -nearness,before long
近付ける, ちかづける -to bring near,to put close,to let come near,to associate with
近寄る, ちかよる -to approach,to draw near
力強い, ちからづよい -reassuring,emboldened
ちぎる -to cut up fine,to pick (fruit)
地質, ちしつ -geological features
知人, ちじん -friend,acquaintance
地帯, ちたい -area,zone
縮む, ちぢむ -to shrink,to be contracted
縮める, ちぢめる -to shorten,to reduce,to boil down,to shrink
縮れる, ちぢれる -to be wavy,to be curled
チップ -(1) gratuity,tip,(2) chip
地点, ちてん -site,point on a map
地名, ちめい -place name
茶色い, ちゃいろい -
着々, ちゃくちゃく -steadily
茶碗, ちゃわん -rice bowl,tea cup,teacup
中間, ちゅうかん -middle,midway,interim
中旬, ちゅうじゅん -second third of a month
抽象, ちゅうしょう -abstract
中世, ちゅうせい -Middle Ages,mediaeval times
中性, ちゅうせい -neuter gender,neutral (chem.),indifference,sterility
中途, ちゅうと -in the middle,half-way
中年, ちゅうねん -middle-aged
超過, ちょうか -excess,being more than
彫刻, ちょうこく -carving,engraving,sculpture
長所, ちょうしょ -(1) strong point,merit,(2) advantage
長女, ちょうじょ -eldest daughter
調整, ちょうせい -regulation,adjustment,tuning
調節, ちょうせつ -regulation,adjustment,control
長短, ちょうたん -length,long and short,+-
頂点, ちょうてん -top,summit
長男, ちょうなん -eldest son
長方形, ちょうほうけい -rectangle,oblong
調味料, ちょうみりょう -condiment,seasoning
チョーク -chock,chalk
直後, ちょくご -immediately following
直線, ちょくせん -straight line
直前, ちょくぜん -just before
直通, ちょくつう -direct communication
直流, ちょくりゅう -direct current
貯蔵, ちょぞう -storage,preservation
直角, ちょっかく -right angle
直径, ちょっけい -diameter
散らかす, ちらかす -to scatter around,to leave untidy
散らかる, ちらかる -to be in disorder,to lie scattered around
散らす, ちらす -to scatter,to disperse,to distribute
塵紙, ちりがみ -tissue paper,toilet paper
散る, ちる -to fall,to scatter (e.g. blossoms)
追加, ついか -addition,supplement,appendix
ついで -opportunity,occasion
通貨, つうか -currency
通勤, つうきん -commuting to work
通ずる, つうずる -
通知, つうち -notice,notification
通帳, つうちょう -passbook
通訳, つうやく -interpretation
通用, つうよう -popular use,circulation
通路, つうろ -passage,pathway
付合う, つきあう -to associate with,to keep company with,to get on with
突き当たり, つきあたり -end (e.g. of street)
突き当たる, つきあたる -to run into,to collide with
月日, つきひ -time,years,days
点く, つく -to catch fire,(electricity) comes on
突く, つく -(1) to thrust,to strike,(2) to poke
次ぐ, つぐ -to rank next to,to come after
作る/造る, つくる -to make,to create
着ける, つける -(1) to attach,to join,to add,to append
点ける, つける -to turn on,to switch on,to light up
浸ける, つける -to dip in,to soak
伝わる, つたわる -to be handed down,to be introduced,to be transmitted
突っ込む, つっこむ -to plunge into,to go into deeply
務める, つとめる -(1) to serve,to fill a post,to serve under,to work (for)
努める, つとめる -(1) to serve,to fill a post,to serve under,to work (for)
綱, つな -rope
繋がり, つながり -connection,link,relationship
繋がる, つながる -to be tied together,to be connected to,to be related to
繋げる, つなげる -to connect
粒, つぶ -grain
潰す, つぶす -to smash,to waste
潰れる, つぶれる -to be smashed,to go bankrupt
つまずく -to stumble,to trip
詰まる, つまる -to be blocked,to be packed
積む, つむ -to pile up,to stack
爪, つめ -fingernail or toenail,claw,talon,hoof
艶, つや -gloss,glaze
強気, つよき -firm,strong
釣り合う, つりあう -to balance,to be in harmony,to suit
吊る, つる -to hang
吊す, つるす -to hang
出合い, であい -an encounter
手洗い, てあらい -restroom,lavatory,hand-washing
定員, ていいん -fixed number of regular personnel,capacity (of boat, etc.)
定価, ていか -established price
低下, ていか -fall,decline,lowering,deterioration
定期券, ていきけん -commuter pass,season ticket
定休日, ていきゅうび -regular holiday
停止, ていし -suspension,interruption,stoppage,ban
停車, ていしゃ -stopping (e.g. train)
停電, ていでん -failure of electricity
出入り, でいり -in and out,coming and going,free association,income and expenditure,debits and credit
出入口, でいりぐち -exit and entrance
手入れ, ていれ -repairs,maintenance
テーマ -(n) theme,project,topic (de: Thema)
出掛ける, でかける -to depart,to set out,to start,to be going out
出来上がり, できあがり -be finished,ready,made for,cut out
出来上がる, できあがる -(1) to be finished,to be ready,by definition,(2) to be very drunk
的確, てきかく -precise,accurate
適確, てきかく -precise,accurate
手首, てくび -wrist
凸凹, でこぼこ -unevenness,roughness,ruggedness
手頃, てごろ -moderate,handy
でたらめ -(1) irresponsible utterance,nonsense,nonsensical,(2) random
手帳, てちょう -notebook
鉄橋, てっきょう -railway bridge,iron bridge
手続き, てつづき -procedure,(legal) process,formalities
鉄砲, てっぽう -gun
テニスコート -tennis court
手拭い, てぬぐい -(hand) towel
手前, てまえ -before,this side,we,you
出迎え, でむかえ -meeting,reception
出迎える, でむかえる -to meet,to greet
照らす, てらす -to shine on,to illuminate
照る, てる -to shine
展開, てんかい -develop,expansion (opposite of compression)
伝記, でんき -biography,life story
電球, でんきゅう -light bulb
点数, てんすう -marks,points,score,runs
伝染, でんせん -contagion
電池, でんち -battery
点々, てんてん -here and there,little by little
転々, てんてん -
電柱, でんちゅう -telephone pole,telegraph pole,lightpole
天皇, てんのう -Emperor of Japan
電波, でんぱ -electro-magnetic wave
テンポ -tempo
電流, でんりゅう -electric current
電力, でんりょく -electric power
問い合わせ, といあわせ -enquiry,ENQ
銅, どう -copper
統一, とういつ -unity,consolidation,uniformity
同格, どうかく -the same rank,equality,apposition
峠, とうげ -ridge,(mountain) pass,difficult part
統計, とうけい -scattering,a scatter,dispersion
動作, どうさ -action,movements,motions,bearing,behaviour,manners
東西, とうざい -East and West,whole country
当日, とうじつ -appointed day,very day
投書, とうしょ -letter to the editor,letter from a reader,contribution
登場, とうじょう -entry (on stage)
どうせ -anyhow,in any case,at any rate
どうぞよろしく -pleased to meet you
灯台, とうだい -lighthouse
盗難, とうなん -theft,robbery
当番, とうばん -being on duty
等分, とうぶん -division into equal parts
透明, とうめい -transparency,cleanness
灯油, とうゆ -lamp oil,kerosene
東洋, とうよう -Orient
童話, どうわ -fairy tale
通り掛かる, とおりかかる -to happen to pass by
溶かす, とかす -to melt,to dissolve
尖る, とがる -to taper to a point,to become sharp,to be sour,to look displeased
どきどき -throb,beat (fast)
溶く, とく -to dissolve (paint)
退く, どく -(1) to retreat,to recede,to withdraw
特殊, とくしゅ -special,unique
特色, とくしょく -characteristic,feature
特長, とくちょう -forte,merit
特定, とくてい -specific,special,particular
特売, とくばい -special sale
溶け込む, とけこむ -to melt into
溶ける, とける -to melt,to thaw,to fuse,to dissolve
退ける, どける -to remove,to take away,to dislodge,to put something out of the way
床の間, とこのま -alcove
床屋, とこや -barber
所々, ところどころ -here and there,some parts (of something)
都心, としん -heart (of city)
戸棚, とだな -cupboard,locker,closet,wardrobe
とっくに -long ago,already,a long time ago
どっと -suddenly
整う, ととのう -to be prepared,to be in order,to be put in order,to be arranged
留まる, とどまる -(1) to be fixed,(2) to abide,to stay (in the one place)
どなる -to shout,to yell
飛び込む, とびこむ -to jump in,to leap in,to plunge into,to dive
跳ぶ, とぶ -to jump,to fly,to leap
留まる, とまる -(1) to be fixed,(2) to abide,to stay (in the one place)
泊める, とめる -to give shelter to,to lodge
ともかく -anyhow,anyway,somehow or other,generally speaking,in any case
捕える, とらえる -to seize,to grasp,to capture,to arrest
取り入れる, とりいれる -to harvest,to take in,to adopt
取り消す, とりけす -to cancel
取り出す, とりだす -to take out,to produce,to pick out
採る, とる -(1) to adopt (measure, proposal),(2) to pick (fruit)
捕る, とる -to take,to catch (fish),to capture
トレーニング -training
丼, どんぶり -porcelain bowl,bowl of rice with food on top
内科, ないか -internist clinic,internal medicine
内線, ないせん -phone extension,indoor wiring,inner line
ナイロン -nylon
治す, なおす -to cure,to heal,to fix,to correct,to repair
永い, ながい -long,lengthy
仲直り, なかなおり -reconciliation,make peace with
長引く, ながびく -to be prolonged,to drag on
中身, なかみ -contents,interior,substance,filling,(sword) blade
中味, なかみ -contents,interior,substance,filling,(sword) blade
中指, なかゆび -middle finger
仲良し, なかよし -intimate friend,bosom buddy,chum
慰める, なぐさめる -to comfort,to console
亡くす, なくす -to lose someone, wife, child, etc
なぐる -to strike,to hit
為す, なす -to accomplish,to do
謎謎, なぞなぞ -riddle,puzzle,enigma
傾らか, なだらか -
懐かしい, なつかしい -dear,desired,missed
撫でる, なでる -to brush gently,to stroke
斜め, ななめ -obliqueness
なにしろ -at any rate,anyhow,anyway,in any case
何々, なになに -such and such,What?
何分, なにぶん -what minute?,how many minutes?
生意気, なまいき -impertinent,saucy,cheeky,conceit,audacious,brazen
並木, なみき -roadside tree,row of trees
倣う, ならう -to imitate,to follow,to emulate
鳴らす, ならす -to ring,to sound,to chime,to beat,to snort (nose)
生る, なる -to bear fruit
馴れる, なれる -to become domesticated,to become tame
南極, なんきょく -south pole,Antarctic
なんとなく -somehow or other,for some reason or another
なんとも -nothing (with neg. verb),quite,not a bit
ナンバー -number
南米, なんべい -South America
南北, なんぼく -south and north
煮える, にえる -to boil,to cook,to be cooked
匂う, におう -to be fragrant,to smell,to stink
逃がす, にがす -to let loose,to set free,to let escape
憎い, にくい -hateful,abominable,poor-looking,detestable
憎む, にくむ -to hate,to detest
憎らしい, にくらしい -odious,hateful
にこにこ -
濁る, にごる -to become muddy,to get impure
虹, にじ -rainbow
日時, にちじ -date and time
日用品, にちようひん -daily necessities
日課, にっか -daily lesson,daily work,daily routine
日程, にってい -agenda
鈍い, にぶい -dull (e.g. a knife),thickheaded,slow (opposite of fast),stupid
入社, にゅうしゃ -entry to a company
女房, にょうぼう -wife
睨む, にらむ -to glare at,to scowl at,to keep an eye on
煮る, にる -to boil,to cook
俄, にわか -sudden,abrupt,unexpected,improvised,offhand
縫う, ぬう -to sew
濡らす, ぬらす -to wet,to soak,to dip
ねじ -(a) screw
捩る, ねじる -to twist
ネックレス -necklace
熱する, ねっする -to heat
寝間着, ねまき -sleep-wear,nightclothes,pyjamas,nightgown,nightdress
寝巻, ねまき -sleep-wear,nightclothes,pyjamas,nightgown,nightdress
狙い, ねらい -aim
狙う, ねらう -to aim at
年度, ねんど -year,fiscal year,school year,term
農産物, のうさんぶつ -agricultural produce
農村, のうそん -agricultural community,farm village,rural
濃度, のうど -concentration,brightness
農薬, のうやく -agricultural chemicals
能率, のうりつ -efficiency
のこぎり -saw
残らず, のこらず -all,entirely,completely,without exception
載せる, のせる -to place on (something),to take on board,to give a ride
覗く, のぞく -to peep in,to look in,to peek in,to stick out
延ばす, のばす -to lengthen,to stretch,to reach out,to grow (beard)
延びる, のびる -to be prolonged
上り, のぼり -up-train (going to Tokyo),ascent
上る, のぼる -to ascend,to go up,to climb
糊, のり -paste,starch
乗換, のりかえ -(n) transfer (trains, buses, etc.)
載る, のる -to appear (in print),to be recorded
鈍い, のろい -dull (e.g. a knife),thickheaded,slow (opposite of fast),stupid
のろのろ -slowly,sluggishly
呑気, のんき -carefree,optimistic,careless,reckless,heedless
灰色, はいいろ -grey,gray,ashen
俳句, はいく -haiku poetry
拝見, はいけん -(hum) (pol) seeing,look at
売店, ばいてん -shop,stand
バイバイ -
売買, ばいばい -trade,buying and selling
這う, はう -to creep,to crawl
生える, はえる -(1) to grow,to spring up,(2) to cut (teeth)
剥す, はがす -(v5s) to tear off,to peel off,to rip off
ばからしい -absurd
秤, はかり -scales,weighing machine
量る, はかる -to measure,to weigh,to survey
測る, はかる -to measure,to weigh,to survey
吐き気, はきけ -nausea,sickness in the stomach
はきはき -lucidly
掃く, はく -to sweep,to brush,to gather up
歯車, はぐるま -gear,cog-wheel
バケツ -bucket,pail
挟まる, はさまる -to get between,to be caught in
挟む, はさむ -to interpose,to hold between,to insert
箸, はし -chopsticks
梯子, はしご -ladder,stairs
始めに, はじめに -to begin with,first of all
初めに, はじめに -
はじめまして -How do you do?,I am glad to meet you
斜, はす -
外れる, はずれる -to be disconnected,to get out of place,to be off,to be out (e.g. of gear)
パターン -pattern
肌着, はだぎ -underwear
果して, はたして -as was expected,really
鉢, はち -a bowl,a pot
×, ばつ -
発揮, はっき -exhibition,demonstration,utilization,display
バック -back
発射, はっしゃ -firing,shooting,discharge,catapult
発想, はっそう -expression (music),conceptualization
発電, はつでん -generation (e.g. power)
発売, はつばい -sale
派手, はで -showy,loud,gay,flashy,gaudy
話合い, はなしあい -discussion,conference
話し掛ける, はなしかける -to accost a person,to talk (to someone)
話中, はなしちゅう -while talking,the line is busy
甚だしい, はなはだしい -extreme,excessive,terrible
花火, はなび -fireworks
花嫁, はなよめ -bride
放れる, はなれる -to leave,to get free,to cut oneself off
羽根, はね -shuttlecock
ばね -spring (e.g. coil, leaf)
跳ねる, はねる -to jump,to leap
破片, はへん -fragment,splinter,broken piece
歯磨き, はみがき -dentifrice,toothpaste
はめる -(col) to get in,to insert,to put on,to make love
早口, はやくち -fast-talking
流行る, はやる -to flourish,to thrive,to be popular,to come into fashion
払い込む, はらいこむ -to deposit,to pay in
払い戻す, はらいもどす -to repay,to pay back
バランス -balance
針金, はりがね -wire
張り切る, はりきる -to be in high spirits,to be full of vigor
反映, はんえい -reflection,influence
半径, はんけい -radius
判子, はんこ -seal (used for signature)
万歳, ばんざい -hurrah, cheers
判事, はんじ -judge,judiciary
反省, はんせい -reflection,reconsideration,introspection,meditation,contemplation
番地, ばんち -house number,address
パンツ -underpants
バンド -band
半島, はんとう -peninsula
ハンドル -handle,steering wheel
日当たり, ひあたり -exposure to the sun,sunny place
日帰り, ひがえり -day trip
比較的, ひかくてき -comparatively,relatively
日陰, ひかげ -shadow
ぴかぴか -glitter,sparkle
引受る, ひきうける -to undertake,to take up,to take over
引返す, ひきかえす -to repeat,to send back,to bring back
引算, ひきざん -subtraction
引出す, ひきだす -to pull out,to take out,to draw out,to withdraw
引き止める, ひきとめる -to detain,to check,to restrain
卑怯, ひきょう -cowardice,meanness,unfairness
引分け, ひきわけ -a draw (in competition),tie game
髭, ひげ -moustache,beard,whiskers
陽射, ひざし -sunlight,rays of the sun
肘, ひじ -elbow
ピストル -pistol
ビタミン -vitamin
ぴたり -
引っ掛かる, ひっかかる -to be caught in,to be stuck in,to be cheated
筆記, ひっき -(taking) notes,copying
引っ繰り返す, ひっくりかえす -to turn over,to overturn,to knock over,to upset,to turn inside out
引っ繰り返る, ひっくりかえる -to be overturned,to be upset,to topple over,to be reversed
引越し, ひっこし -moving (dwelling etc.),changing residence
引っ込む, ひっこむ -to draw back,to sink,to cave in
筆者, ひっしゃ -writer,author
必需品, ひつじゅひん -necessities,necessary article,requisite,essential
人差指, ひとさしゆび -index finger
一通り, ひととおり -ordinary,usual,in general,briefly
人通り, ひとどおり -pedestrian traffic
ひとまず -for the present,once,in outline
瞳, ひとみ -pupil (of eye)
一休み, ひとやすみ -a rest
独り言, ひとりごと -a soliloquy,a monologue,speaking to oneself
ひとりでに -by itself,automatically,naturally
ビニール -vinyl
皮肉, ひにく -cynicism,sarcasm
日日, ひにち -every day,daily,day after day
捻る, ひねる -to turn (a switch) on or off,to twist,to puzzle over
日の入り, ひのいり -sunset
日の出, ひので -sunrise
響き, ひびき -echo,sound,reverberation,noise
響く, ひびく -to resound
皮膚, ひふ -skin
冷やす, ひやす -to cool,to refrigerate
ひゃっかじてん -encyclopedia
美容, びよう -beauty of figure or form
表紙, ひょうし -front cover,binding
標識, ひょうしき -sign,mark
標準, ひょうじゅん -standard,level
標本, ひょうほん -example,specimen
評論, ひょうろん -criticism,critique
平仮名, ひらがな -hiragana,47 syllables,the cursive syllabary
ビルディング -building
昼寝, ひるね -nap (at home),siesta
広げる, ひろげる -to spread,to extend,to expand,to enlarge
広さ, ひろさ -extent
広場, ひろば -plaza
広々, ひろびろ -extensive,spacious
広める, ひろめる -to broaden,to propagate
ピンク -pink
便箋, びんせん -writing paper,stationery
瓶詰, びんづめ -bottling,bottled
ファスナー -fastener,zipper
風船, ふうせん -balloon
不運, ふうん -unlucky,misfortune,bad luck,fate
殖える, ふえる -to increase,to multiply
深まる, ふかまる -to deepen,to heighten,to intensify
不規則, ふきそく -irregularity,unsteadiness,disorderly
普及, ふきゅう -diffusion,spread
付近, ふきん -neighbourhood,vicinity,environs
拭く, ふく -to wipe,to dry
副詞, ふくし -adverb
複写, ふくしゃ -copy,duplicate
複数, ふくすう -plural,multiple
含める, ふくめる -to include,to instruct,to make one understand
膨らます, ふくらます -to swell,to expand,to inflate,to bulge
膨らむ, ふくらむ -to expand,to swell (out),to get big,to become inflated
不潔, ふけつ -unclean,dirty,filthy,impure
更ける, ふける -to get late,to advance,to wear on
符号, ふごう -sign,mark,symbol
夫妻, ふさい -man and wife,married couple
塞がる, ふさがる -to be plugged up,to be shut up
塞ぐ, ふさぐ -to stop up,to close up,to block (up)
ふざける -to romp,to gambol,to frolic,to joke
無沙汰, ぶさた -neglecting to stay in contact
武士, ぶし -warrior,samurai
部首, ぶしゅ -radical (of a kanji character)
襖, ふすま -sliding screen
附属, ふぞく -attached,belonging,affiliated
蓋, ふた -cover,lid,cap
不通, ふつう -suspension,interruption,stoppage,tie-up,cessation
ぶつかる -to strike,to collide with
ぶつける -to knock,to run into,to nail on,to strike hard,to hit and attack
物騒, ぶっそう -dangerous,disturbed,insecure
ぶつぶつ -grumbling,complaining in a small voice
船便, ふなびん -surface mail (ship)
部品, ぶひん -parts,accessories
吹雪, ふぶき -snow storm
父母, ふぼ -father and mother,parents
踏切, ふみきり -railway crossing,level crossing,starting line,scratch,crossover
麓, ふもと -the foot,the bottom,the base (of a mountain)
増やす, ふやす -to increase,to add to,to augment
殖やす, ふやす -to increase,to add to,to augment
フライパン -fry pan,frying pan
ブラウス -blouse
ぶらさげる -to hang,to suspend,to dangle,to swing
ブラシ -brushy,brush
プラスチック -plastic
プラットホーム -platform
フリー -free
振り仮名, ふりがな -,pronunciation key
プリント -print,handout
振舞う, ふるまう -to behave,to conduct oneself,to entertain (vt)
ブローチ -brooch
プログラム -program
風呂敷, ふろしき -wrapping cloth,cloth wrapper
ふわふわ -light,soft
噴火, ふんか -eruption
分解, ぶんかい -analysis,disassembly
文芸, ぶんげい -literature,art and literature,belles-lettres
文献, ぶんけん -literature,books (reference)
噴水, ふんすい -water fountain
分数, ぶんすう -fraction (in math)
文体, ぶんたい -literary style
分布, ぶんぷ -distribution
文房具, ぶんぼうぐ -stationery
文脈, ぶんみゃく -context
分量, ぶんりょう -amount,quantity
分類, ぶんるい -classification
閉会, へいかい -closure
平気, へいき -coolness,calmness,composure,unconcern
並行, へいこう -(going) side by side,concurrent,abreast,at the same time
平日, へいじつ -weekday,ordinary days
兵隊, へいたい -soldier,sailor
平凡, へいぼん -common,commonplace,ordinary,mediocre
平野, へいや -plain,open field
凹む, へこむ -to be dented,to be indented,to yield to,to give,to sink,to collapse,to cave in,to be snubbed
へそ -navel,belly-button
隔てる, へだてる -to be shut out
別荘, べっそう -holiday house,villa
別々, べつべつ -separately,individually
ベテラン -veteran
ヘリコプター -helicopter
へる -to decrease (in size or number),to diminish,to abate
ぺん -pen
編集, へんしゅう -editing,compilation,editorial (e.g. committee)
便所, べんじょ -toilet,lavatory,rest room,latrine,comfort station
ペンチ -(abbr) pliers (lit: pinchers)
望遠鏡, ぼうえんきょう -telescope
方角, ほうがく -direction,way,compass point
箒, ほうき -(n) broom
方言, ほうげん -dialect
坊さん, ぼうさん -Buddhist priest,monk
防止, ぼうし -prevention,check
方針, ほうしん -objective,plan,policy
包装, ほうそう -packing,wrapping
法則, ほうそく -law,rule
包帯, ほうたい -bandage,dressing
膨大, ぼうだい -huge,bulky,enormous,extensive,swelling,expansion
庖丁, ほうちょう -kitchen knife,carving knife
方程式, ほうていしき -equation
防犯, ぼうはん -prevention of crime
方面, ほうめん -direction,district,field (e.g., of study)
坊や, ぼうや -boy
放る, ほうる -to let go
ボーナス -bonus
朗らか, ほがらか -brightness,cheerfulness,melodious
牧場, ぼくじょう -(1) farm (livestock),(2) pasture land,meadow,grazing land
牧畜, ぼくちく -stock-farming
保健, ほけん -health preservation,hygiene,sanitation
募集, ぼしゅう -recruiting,taking applications
干す, ほす -to air,to dry,to desiccate,to drain (off),to drink up
ポスター -poster
北極, ほっきょく -North Pole
坊っちゃん, ぼっちゃん -son (of others)
ほどく -to unfasten
堀, ほり -moat,canal
掘る, ほる -to dig,to excavate
彫る, ほる -to carve,to engrave,to sculpture,to chisel
ぼろ -rag,scrap,tattered clothes,fault (esp. in a pretense)
盆, ぼん -Lantern Festival,Festival of the Dead,tray
盆地, ぼんち -basin (e.g. between mountains)
本部, ほんぶ -headquarters
本来, ほんらい -essentially,naturally,by nature
まあまあ -so-so
枚数, まいすう -the number of flat things
毎度, まいど -each time,common service-sector greeting
マイナス -minus
巻く, まく -to wind,to coil,to roll
蒔く, まく -to sow (seeds)
撒く, まく -to scatter,to sprinkle,to sow
枕, まくら -pillow,bolster
曲げる, まげる -to bend,to crook,to lean
まごまご -confused
摩擦, まさつ -friction,rubbing,rubdown,chafe
混ざる, まざる -to be mixed,to be blended with,to associate with,to mingle with,to join
交ざる, まざる -to be mixed,to be blended with,to associate with,to mingle with,to join
混じる, まじる -to be mixed,to be blended with,to associate with
交じる, まじる -to be mixed,to be blended with,to associate with
マスク -mask
混ぜる, まぜる -to mix,to stir
交ぜる, まぜる -to be mixed,to be blended with
またぐ -to straddle
又は, または -or,otherwise
待合室, まちあいしつ -waiting room
待ち合わせる, まちあわせる -to rendezvous,to meet at a prearranged place and time
街角, まちかど -street corner
真っ暗, まっくら -total darkness,shortsightedness,pitch dark
真っ黒, まっくろ -pitch black
真っ青, まっさお -deep blue,ghastly pale
真っ先, まっさき -the head,the foremost,beginning
真っ白, まっしろ -pure white
祭る, まつる -to deify,to enshrine
窓口, まどぐち -ticket window
纏まる, まとまる -to be collected,to be settled,to be in order
纏める, まとめる -to put in order,to collect,to bring to a conclusion
真似る, まねる -to mimic,to imitate
まぶしい -dazzling,radiant
まぶた -eyelids
マフラー -muffler,scarf
間も無く, まもなく -soon,before long,in a short time
マラソン -marathon
円い, まるい -round,circular,spherical
稀, まれ -rare,seldom
回り道, まわりみち -detour
満員, まんいん -full house,no vacancy,sold out
マンション -large apartment,apartment house
満点, まんてん -perfect score
見送る, みおくる -(1) to see off,to farewell,(2) to escort,(3) to let pass
見下ろす, みおろす -to overlook,to command a view of,to look down on something
見掛け, みかけ -outward appearance
三日月, みかづき -new moon,crescent moon
岬, みさき -cape (on coast)
みじめ -(arch) sad,pitiful,wretched
ミシン -sewing machine
店屋, みせや -store,shop
見出し, みだし -heading,caption,subtitle,index
道順, みちじゅん -itinerary,route
見付かる, みつかる -to be found,to be discovered
見付ける, みつける -to be familiar,to discover,to detect
みっともない -shameful,indecent
見直す, みなおす -to look again,to get a better opinion of
見慣れる, みなれる -to become used to seeing,to be familiar with
醜い, みにくい -ugly
実る, みのる -to bear fruit,to ripen
身分, みぶん -social position,social status
見本, みほん -sample
見舞う, みまう -to ask after (health),to visit
未満, みまん -less than,insufficient
名字, みょうじ -surname,family name
ミリ, （メートル） -milli-,10^-3
診る, みる -to examine (medical)
民間, みんかん -private,civilian,civil,popular,folk,unofficial
民謡, みんよう -folk song,popular song
向う, むかう -(v5u) to face,to go towards
剥く, むく -to peel,to skin,to pare,to hull
無限, むげん -infinite
無地, むじ -plain,unfigured
蒸し暑い, むしあつい -humid,sultry
矛盾, むじゅん -contradiction,inconsistency
蒸す, むす -to steam,to poultice,to be sultry
無数, むすう -countless number,infinite number
紫, むらさき -purple colour,violet
群れ, むれ -group,crowd,flock,herd
姪, めい -niece
名作, めいさく -masterpiece
名刺, めいし -business card
名詞, めいし -noun
名所, めいしょ -famous place
命ずる, めいずる -to command,to appoint
迷信, めいしん -superstition
名物, めいぶつ -famous product,special product,speciality
銘々, めいめい -each,individual
目上, めうえ -superior(s),senior
メーター -meter (clock)
恵まれる, めぐまれる -to be blessed with,to be rich in
巡る, めぐる -to go around
目指す, めざす -to aim at,to have an eye on
目覚し, めざまし -(abbr) alarm-clock
目下, めした -at present,now
目印, めじるし -mark,sign,landmark
目立つ, めだつ -to be conspicuous,to stand out
めちゃくちゃ -absurd,unreasonable,excessive,messed up,spoiled,wreaked
めっきり -remarkably
めでたい -happy,simple soul,propitious,joyous
メニュー -menu
めまい -dizziness,giddiness
目安, めやす -criterion,aim
免税, めんぜい -tax exemption,duty exemption
面積, めんせき -area
面接, めんせつ -interview
面倒臭い, めんどうくさい -bother to do,tiresome
儲かる, もうかる -to be profitable,to yield a profit
儲ける, もうける -to get,to earn,to gain,to have (bear, beget) a child
申し訳ない, もうしわけない -inexcusable
モーター -motor
木材, もくざい -lumber,timber,wood
目次, もくじ -table of contents
潜る, もぐる -(1) to drive,to pass through,(2) to evade,to hide,(3) to dive (into or under water),to go undergroun
もしかしたら -perhaps,maybe,by some chance
もしかすると -perhaps,maybe,by some chance
もたれる -to lean against,to lean on,to recline on,to lie heavy (on the stomach)
モダン -modern
餅, もち -sticky rice cake
もったいない -too good,more than one deserves,wasteful,sacrilegious,unworthy of
モデル -model
元々, もともと -originally,by nature,from the start
物置, ものおき -storage room
物語る, ものがたる -to tell,to indicate
物差し, ものさし -ruler,measure
物凄い, ものすごい -earth-shattering,staggering,to a very great extent
モノレール -monorail
紅葉, もみじ -(1) (Japanese) maple
揉む, もむ -to rub,to crumple (up),to wrinkle
燃やす, もやす -to burn
催し, もよおし -event,festivities,function
盛る, もる -(1) to serve (food, etc.),(2) to fill up,(3) to prescribe
問答, もんどう -questions and answers,dialogue
やかましい -(1) noisy,(2) strict,fussy
夜間, やかん -at night,nighttime
薬缶, やかん -kettle
役者, やくしゃ -actor,actress
役所, やくしょ -government office,public office
訳す, やくす -to translate
役人, やくにん -government official
薬品, やくひん -medicine(s),chemical(s)
役目, やくめ -duty,business
火傷, やけど -burn,scald
夜行, やこう -walking around at night,night train,night travel
矢印, やじるし -directing arrow
やたらに -randomly,recklessly,blindly
薬局, やっきょく -pharmacy,drugstore
やっつける -to attack (an enemy),to beat,to do away with,to finish off
家主, やぬし -landlord
やっぱり -also,as I thought,still,in spite of,absolutely,of course
破く, やぶく -
破れる, やぶれる -to get torn,to wear out
やむをえない -cannot be helped,unavoidable
軟らかい, やわらかい -soft,tender,limp
遊園地, ゆうえんち -amusement park
夕刊, ゆうかん -evening paper
友好, ゆうこう -friendship
郵送, ゆうそう -mailing
夕立, ゆうだち -(sudden) evening shower (rain)
夕日, ゆうひ -(in) the evening sun,setting sun
悠々, ゆうゆう -quiet,calm,leisurely
有料, ゆうりょう -admission-paid,toll
浴衣, ゆかた -bathrobe,informal summer kimono,yukata
湯気, ゆげ -steam,vapour
輸血, ゆけつ -blood transfusion
輸送, ゆそう -transport,transportation
油断, ゆだん -negligence,unpreparedness
ゆでる -to boil
湯飲み, ゆのみ -teacup
緩い, ゆるい -loose,lenient,slow
溶岩, ようがん -lava
容器, ようき -container,vessel
用語, ようご -term,terminology
要旨, ようし -gist,essentials,summary,fundamentals
幼児, ようじ -infant,baby,child
容積, ようせき -capacity,volume
幼稚, ようち -infancy,childish,infantile
幼稚園, ようちえん -kindergarten
用途, ようと -use,usefulness
洋品店, ようひんてん -shop which handles Western-style apparel and accessories
養分, ようぶん -nourishment,nutrient
羊毛, ようもう -wool
漸く, ようやく -gradually,finally,hardly
要領, ようりょう -point,gist,essentials,outline
欲張り, よくばり -avarice,covetousness,greed
余計, よけい -too much,unnecessary,abundance,surplus,excess,superfluity
よこす -(1) to send,to forward,(2) to hand over (e.g. money)
汚す, よごす -(1) to disgrace,to dishonour,(2) to pollute,to contaminate,to soil,to make dirty,to stain
寄せる, よせる -to collect,to gather,to add,to put aside
余所, よそ -another place,somewhere else,strange parts
四つ角, よつかど -four corners,crossroads
酔っ払い, よっぱらい -drunkard
予備, よび -preparation,preliminaries,reserve,spare
呼び掛ける, よびかける -to call out to,to accost,to address (crowd),to appeal
呼び出す, よびだす -to summon,to call (e.g. phone)
蘇る, よみがえる -to be resurrected,to be revived,to be resuscitated,to be rehabilitated
因る, よる -to come from
慶び, よろこび -(n) (a) joy,(a) delight,rapture,pleasure,gratification,rejoicing,congratulations,felicitations
慶ぶ, よろこぶ -
来日, らいにち -arrival in Japan,coming to Japan,visit to Japan
落第, らくだい -failure,dropping out of a class
ラッシュアワー -rush hour
欄, らん -column of text (e.g. as in a newspaper)
ランチ -launch,lunch
ランニング -(1) running,(2) tank top
乱暴, らんぼう -rude,violent,rough,lawless,unreasonable,reckless
理科, りか -science
利害, りがい -advantages and disadvantages,interest
リズム -rhythm
リットル -litre
リボン -ribbon
略す, りゃくす -to abbreviate
流域, りゅういき -(river) basin
寮, りょう -hostel,dormitory
両側, りょうがわ -both sides
漁師, りょうし -fisherman
領事, りょうじ -consul
領収, りょうしゅう -receipt,voucher
臨時, りんじ -temporary,special,extraordinary
留守番, るすばん -care-taking,caretaker,house-watching
例外, れいがい -exception
零点, れいてん -zero,no marks
冷凍, れいとう -freezing,cold storage,refrigeration
レインコート -raincoat
レクリェーション -recreation
レジャー -leisure
列島, れっとう -chain of islands
レベル -level
リポート -report,paper
煉瓦, れんが -brick
連合, れんごう -union,alliance
レンズ -lens
蝋燭, ろうそく -candle
ローマじ -romanization,Roman letters
録音, ろくおん -(audio) recording
ロッカー -locker
ロビー -lobby
論ずる, ろんずる -to argue,to discuss,to debate
和英, わえい -Japanese-English
分かる, わかる -to be understood
分かれる, わかれる -to branch off,to diverge from,to fork,to split,to dispense,to scatter,to divide into
若々しい, わかわかしい -youthful,young
湧く, わく -to boil,to grow hot,to get excited,to gush forth
詫びる, わびる -to apologize
和服, わふく -Japanese clothes
わりあいに -comparatively
割算, わりざん -division (math)
割と, わりと -relatively, comparitively
割引, わりびき -discount,reduction,rebate
椀, わん -Japanese soup bowl,wooden bowl
碗, わん -bowl
ワンピース -one-piece dress | 82,561 | Common Lisp | .l | 1,835 | 32.354223 | 109 | 0.785582 | erikmcguire/cl-shiritori | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:19 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 2ea55434bb110d19bd57d83a7dbc9204120dc8aa161fe6aea4f3d8dfa9b92064 | 32,706 | [
-1
] |
32,707 | jlptn3.txt | erikmcguire_cl-shiritori/datasets/jlptn3.txt | 愛, あい -love
愛情, あいじょう -love, affection
合図, あいず -sign, signal
愛する, あいする -to love
相手, あいて -companion, partner, company
あいにく -unfortunately, Sorry, but....
明かり, あかり -lamplight, light (in general),brightness
空き, あき -room, time to spare, emptiness
明らか, あきらか -obvious, evident, clear
諦める, あきらめる -to give up, to abandon
飽きる, あきる -to get tired of, to lose interest in, to have enough
握手, あくしゅ -handshake
悪魔, あくま -devil, demon, evil spirit
明ける, あける -to dawn, to become daylight
預ける, あずける -to give into custody, to entrust, to deposit
汗, あせ -sweat, perspiration
与える, あたえる -to give, to present, to award
暖かい, あたたか(い) -warm, mild
辺り, あたり -vicinity, nearby
当たる, あたる -to be hit, to be successful, to be equivalent to
あちこち -here and there
あっ -Ah!, Oh!
扱う, あつかう -to handle, to deal with, to treat
集まり, あつまり -gathering, meeting, assembly, collection
当てる, あてる -to hit, to apply a patch
跡, あと -(1) trace, tracks, mark, sign, (2) remains, ruins, (3) scar
穴, あな -hole
浴びる, あびる -to bathe, to bask in the sun, to shower
油, あぶら -oil
余り, あまり -not very (used as adverb),not much
誤り, あやまり -error
粗い, あらい -Coarse
嵐, あらし -storm, tempest
新た, あらた -new, fresh, novel
あらゆる -all, every
表す, あらわす -to express, to show, to reveal
現す, あらわす -to show, to indicate, to display
現れ, あらわれ -embodiment, materialization
現れる, あらわれる -(1) to appear, to come in sight, to become visible,(2) to express oneself
ありがとう -(conj,exp,int) Thank you
有る, ある -to be, to have(used for inanimate objects)
或, ある -a certain...,some...
あるいは -or, possibly
泡, あわ -bubble, foam, froth, head on beer
合わせる, あわせる -to join together, to be opposite, to face, to unite
哀れ, あわれ -helpless, pity, sorrow, grief
案, あん -plan, suffix meaning draft
暗記, あんき -memorization, learning by heart
安定, あんてい -stability, equilibrium
案内, あんないする -information, guidance, leading, to guide
あんなに -to that extent, to that degree
あんまり -not very, not much, remainder, rest
胃, い -stomach
委員, いいん -committee member
いえ, いえ -same as いいえ in spoken
意外, いがい -unexpected, surprising
息, いき -breath, tone
行き, いき / ゆき -going,
勢い, いきおい -force, vigour, energy, spirit
生き物, いきもの -living thing, animal
幾つ, いくつ -how many?, how old?
幾ら, いくら -how much?,
いけない -must not do, bad, wrong, not good
医師, いし -doctor, physician
意思, いし -mind, intention
意志, いし -will, volition
維持, いじ -maintenance, preservation
意識, いしき -consciousness, senses
異常, いじょう -strangeness, abnormality, disorder
椅子, いす -chair
泉, いずみ -spring, fountain
いずれ -which, either, one
以前, いぜん -ago since, before, previous
板, いた -board, plank
偉大, いだい -greatness
抱く, いだく -(sl) to embrace, to hug, to harbour, to entertain
いたずら -tease, prank, trick, practical joke
いただきます -expression of gratitude before meals
頂く, いただく -to receive, to take food or drink (hum)
痛み, いたみ -pain, ache, sore, grief, distress
至る, いたる -to come, to arrive
市, いち -market, fair
位置, いち -place, situation, position, location
一時, いちじ -moment, time
一度に, いちどに -all at once
市場, いちば -(the) market (as a concept)
一番, いちばん -best, first, number one
一家, いっか -a house, a home, a family, a household
いつか -sometime, someday, one day
一種, いっしゅ -a species, a kind, a variety
一瞬, いっしゅん -a moment, an instant
一生, いっしょう -whole life, a lifetime, all through life
一層, いっそう -much more, still more, all the more
一体, いったい -(1) one object, one body,(2) what on earth?, really?,(3) generally
一致, いっち -(1) coincidence, agreement,(2) conformity
いつでも -(at) any time, always, at all times, never (neg)
一般, いっぱん -general, liberal, universal, ordinary, average
一方, いっぽう -(1) on the other hand,(2) meanwhile,(3) only, simple, in turn
いつまでも -forever, for good, eternally, as long as one likes, indefinitely
いつも -always, usually, every time, never (with neg. verb)
移動, いどう -removal, migration, movement
従兄弟, いとこ -cousin (male)
稲, いね -rice-plant
居眠り, いねむり -dozing, nodding off
命, いのち -,life, destiny
違反, いはん -violation (of law),transgression, infringement, breach
衣服, いふく -clothes
居間, いま -living room (western style)
今に, いまに -before long, even now
今にも, いまにも -at any time, soon
否, いや -no, the nose
以来, いらい -since, henceforth
依頼, いらい -(1) request, commission, dispatch,(2) dependence, trust
いらいら -getting nervous, irritation
いらっしゃい -welcome
医療, いりょう -medical care, medical treatment
岩, いわ -rock, crag
祝い, いわい -celebration, festival
祝う, いわう -to congratulate, to celebrate
言わば, いわば -so to speak
いわゆる -the so-called, so to speak
印刷, いんさつ -printing
印象, いんしょう -impression
引退, いんたい -retire
引用, いんよう -quotation, citation
魚, うお -fish
うがい -gargle, rinse mouth
伺う, うかがう -(hon) to visit, to ask, to inquire
受け取る, うけとる -to receive, to get, to accept, to take
動かす, うごかす -to move, to shift
兎, うさぎ -rabbit, hare
牛, うし -cattle, cow
失う, うしなう -to lose, to part with
後ろ, うしろ -afterwards, since then, in the future, behind
嘘, うそ -lie, falsehood, incorrect fact, inappropriate
疑う, うたがう -to doubt, to distrust, to be suspicious of, to suspect
内, うち -inside
宇宙, うちゅう -universe, cosmos, space
撃つ, うつ -to attack, to defeat, to destroy
移す, うつす -to remove, to transfer, to infect
訴える, うったえる -to sue (a person),to resort to, to appeal to
うなる -to groan, to moan
奪う, うばう -to snatch away
馬, うま -(1) horse,(2) promoted bishop (shogi)
うまい, うまい -be good at, delicious (spoken)
生まれ, うまれ -birth, birth-place
梅, うめ -plum, plum-tree, lowest (of a three-tier ranking system)
裏切る, うらぎる -to betray, to turn traitor to, to double-cross
得る, うる -to get, to gain, to win
嬉しい, うれしい -happy, glad, pleasant
売れる, うれる -to be sold
噂, うわさ -rumour, report, gossip, common talk
運, うん -fortune, luck
運転, うんてんする -operation, motion, driving, to drive
運動, うんどうする -motion, exercise, to exercise
柄, え -handle, grip
永遠, えいえん -eternity, perpetuity, immortality, permanence
永久, えいきゅう -eternity ,perpetuity, immortality
影響, えいきょう -influence, effect
営業, えいぎょう -business, trade, management
衛星, えいせい -satellite
栄養, えいよう -nutrition, nourishment
笑顔, えがお -smiling face
描く, えがく -to draw, to paint, to sketch, to depict, to describe
餌, えさ -feed, bait
得る, える -to get, to gain, to win
円, えん -circle, money
縁, えん -relation, connection, ties, fate
延期, えんき -postponement, adjournment
演技, えんぎ -acting, performance
援助, えんじょ -assistance, aid, support
演説, えんぜつ -speech, address
演奏, えんそう -musical performance
遠慮, えんりょ -diffidence, restraint, reserve
御, お -honourable
老い, おい -old age, old person, the old, the aged
追い付く, おいつく -to overtake, to catch up (with)
王, おう -king, ruler, sovereign, monarch
追う, おう -to chase, to run after
王様, おうさま -king
王子, おうじ -prince
応じる, おうじる -to respond, to satisfy, to accept, to comply with, to apply for
横断, おうだん -crossing
終える, おえる -to finish
大いに, おおいに -very, much, greatly
覆う, おおう -to cover, to hide, to conceal, to wrap, to disguise
大家, おおや -rich family, distinguished family
丘, おか -hill, height, knoll, rising ground
沖, おき -open sea
奥, おく -interior, inner part
贈る, おくる -to send, to give to, to award to, to confer on
起こる, おこる -to occur, to happen
幼い, おさない -very young, childish
収める, おさめる -to obtain, to reap, to pay, to supply, to accept
おしゃべり -chattering, talk, idle talk
汚染, おせん -pollution, contamination
おそらく -perhaps
恐れる, おそれる -to fear, to be afraid of
恐ろしい, おそろしい -terrible, dreadful
お互い, おたがい -mutual, reciprocal, each other
穏やか, おだやか -calm, gentle, quiet
男の人, おとこのひと -man
劣る, おとる -to fall behind, to be inferior to
お腹, おなか -stomach, tummy
鬼, おに -ogre, demon, it (i.e., in a game of tag)
帯, おび -band (e.g. conduction, valence)
お昼, おひる -lunch, noon
溺れる, おぼれる -to be drowned, to indulge in
おまえ -(fam) you (sing)
おめでとう -Congratulations!, an auspicious occasion!
思い出, おもいで -memories, recollections, reminiscence
主に, おもに -mainly, primarily
思わず, おもわず -unintentional, spontaneous
泳ぎ, およぎ -swimming
およそ -about, roughly, as a rule, approximately
及ぼす, およぼす -to exert, to cause, to exercise
居る, おる -to be (animate),to be, to exist
下す, おろす -to lower, to let go down
降ろす, おろす -to take down, to launch, to drop
音, おん -sound, note
恩, おん -favour, obligation, debt of gratitude
温暖, おんだん -warmth
温度, おんど -temperature
可, か -passable
課, か -counter for chapters (of a book) section
会, かい -meeting, assembly, party, association, club
回, かい -counter for occurrences
害, がい -injury, harm, evil influence, damage
会員, かいいん -member, the membership
絵画, かいが -picture, paintings
海外, かいがい -foreign, abroad, overseas
会計, かいけい -account, finance, accountant
解決, かいけつ -settlement, solution, resolution
会合, かいごう -meeting, assembly
外交, がいこう -diplomacy
開始, かいし -start, commencement, beginning
解釈, かいしゃく -explanation, interpretation
外出, がいしゅつ -outing, going out
改善, かいぜん -betterment, improvement
快適, かいてき -pleasant, agreeable, comfortable
回復, かいふく -recovery (from illness),improvement, rehabilitation, restoration
飼う, かう -to keep, to raise, to feed
替える / 換える, かえる -to exchange, to interchange, to substitute, to replace
香り, かおり -aroma, fragrance, scent, smell
画家, がか -painter, artist
抱える, かかえる -to hold or carry under or in the arms
価格, かかく -price, value, cost
化学, かがく -chemistry
輝く, かがやく -to shine, to glitter, to sparkle
係, かかり -official, duty, person in charge
掛かる, かかる -to take (e.g. time, money, etc),to hang
罹る, かかる -to suffer from
鍵, かぎ -key
限る, かぎる -to restrict,to limit,to confine
描く, かく -to draw,to paint,to sketch,to depict,to describe
家具, かぐ -furniture
学, がく -learning,scholarship,erudition,knowledge
額, がく -picture frame
覚悟, かくご -resolution, resignation, readiness, preparedness
確実, かくじつ -certainty, reliability, soundness
学者, がくしゃ -scholar
学習, がくしゅう -study,learning
隠す, かくす -to hide,to conceal
拡大, かくだい -magnification, enlargement
確認, かくにん -affirmation, confirmation
学問, がくもん -scholarship, study, learning
隠れる, かくれる -to hide, to be hidden, to conceal oneself, to disappear
影, かげ -shade, shadow, other side
陰, かげ -shade,shadow,other side
欠ける, かける -to be lacking
加減, かげん -addition and subtraction,allowance for
過去, かこ -the past,bygone days,the previous
籠, かご -basket,cage
囲む, かこむ -to surround,to encircle
火災, かさい -conflagration,fire
菓子, かし -pastry
家事, かじ -housework,domestic chores
賢い, かしこい -wise,clever,smart
歌手, かしゅ -singer
数, かず -number,figure
稼ぐ, かせぐ -to earn income,to labor
数える, かぞえる -to count
型, かた -mold,model,style,shape,data-type
肩, かた -shoulder
硬い, かたい -solid,hard (esp. metal, stone),unpolished writing
方々, かたがた -persons,this and that,here and there,everywhere
計, かたち -shape, form
刀, かたな -sword,saber,knife,engraving tool
語る, かたる -to talk,to tell,to recite
勝ち, かち -win,victory
価値, かち -value,worth,merit
がっかり -feel disappointed,be dejected,lose heart
活気, かっき -energy,liveliness
学期, がっき -term (school)
格好, かっこう -shape,form,posture,suitability,appearance
活動, かつどう -action,activity
活用, かつよう -conjugation,practical use
悲しむ, かなしむ -to be sad,to mourn for,to regret
必ずしも, かならずしも -(not) always,(not) necessarily,(not) all,(not) entirely
かなり -considerably,fairly,quite
金, かね -(1) gold,(2) gold general (shogi) (abbr)
可能, かのう -possible,practicable,feasible
株, かぶ -share,stock,stump (of tree)
被る, かぶる -to put on , wear, cover (one's) head,
構う, かまう -to mind,to care about,to be concerned about
我慢, がまん -patience,endurance,perseverance
上, かみ -(1) first volume,(2) superior quality,(3) governmental
神, かみ -god
雷, かみなり -thunder
髪の毛, かみのけ -hair (head)
科目, かもく -(school) subject,curriculum,course
かもしれない -may,might,perhaps,may be,possibly
火曜, かよう -(abbr) Tuesday
空, から -empty
柄, がら -pattern
刈る, かる -to cut (hair),to mow (grass),to harvest
彼等, かれら -they (usually male)
川, かわ -river
河, かわ -river,stream
皮, かわ -skin,hide,leather,fur,pelt,bark,shell
革, かわ -leather
かわいそう -poor,pitiable,pathetic
かわいらしい -lovely,sweet
缶, かん -can,tin
勘, かん -perception,intuition,the sixth sense
考え, かんがえ -thinking,thought,ideas,intention
感覚, かんかく -sense,sensation
観客, かんきゃく -audience,spectator(s)
環境, かんきょう -environment,circumstance
歓迎, かんげい -welcome,reception
観光, かんこう -sightseeing
観察, かんさつ -observation,survey
感じ, かんじ -feeling,sense,impression
感謝, かんしゃ -thanks,gratitude
患者, かんじゃ -a patient
勘定, かんじょう -calculation,counting,consideration
感情, かんじょう -emotion(s),feeling(s),sentiment
感じる, かんじる -to feel,to sense,to experience
感心, かんしん -admiration,Well done!
関心, かんしん -concern,interest
関する, かんする -to concern,to be related
完成, かんせい -(1) complete,completion,(2) perfection,accomplishment
完全, かんぜん -perfection,completeness
感動, かんどう -being deeply moved,excitement,impression,deep emotion
監督, かんとく -supervision,control,superintendence
管理, かんり -control,management (e.g. of a business)
完了, かんりょう -completion,conclusion
関連, かんれん -relation,connection,relevance
議員, ぎいん -member of the Diet, congress or parliament
記憶, きおく -memory,recollection,remembrance
気温, きおん -temperature
機械, きかい -machine,mechanism
議会, ぎかい -Diet,congress,parliament
期間, きかん -period,term
機関, きかん -organ,mechanism,facility,engine
企業, きぎょう -enterprise,undertaking
効く, きく -to be effective
機嫌, きげん -humour,temper,mood
気候, きこう -climate
岸, きし -bank,coast,shore
生地, きじ -birthplace
記事, きじ -article,news story,report,account
技師, ぎし -engineer,technician
記者, きしゃ -reporter
傷, きず -wound,injury,hurt,cut
期待, きたい -expectation,anticipation,hope
帰宅, きたく -returning home
貴重, きちょう -precious,valuable
議長, ぎちょう -chairman
きちんと -precisely,accurately
きつい -tight,close,intense
気付く, きづく -to notice,to recognize,to become aware of
気に入る, きにいる -to be pleased with,to suit
記入, きにゅう -entry,filling in of forms
記念, きねん -commemoration,memory
機能, きのう -function,faculty
気の毒, きのどく -pitiful,a pity
寄付, きふ -contribution,donation
希望, きぼう -hope,wish,aspiration
基本, きほん -foundation,basis,standard
決まり, きまり -settlement,conclusion,regulation,rule
気味, きみ --like,-looking,-looked
奇妙, きみょう -strange,queer,curious
義務, ぎむ -duty,obligation,responsibility
疑問, ぎもん -question,problem,doubt,guess
逆, ぎゃく -reverse,opposite
旧, きゅう -ex-
級, きゅう -class, grade, rank,school class, grade
球, きゅう -globe,sphere,ball
九, きゅう / く -nine
休暇, きゅうか -holiday,day off,furlough
休憩, きゅうけい -rest,break,recess,intermission
急激, きゅうげき -sudden,precipitous,radical
吸収, きゅうしゅう -absorption,suction,attraction
救助, きゅうじょ -relief,aid,rescue
急速, きゅうそく -rapid (e.g. progress)
急に, きゅうに -suddenly
給料, きゅうりょう -salary,wages
器用, きよう -skillful,handy
教科書, きょうかしょ -text book
競技, きょうぎ -game,match,contest
行儀, ぎょうぎ -manners
供給, きょうきゅう -supply,provision
教師, きょうし -teacher (classroom)
教授, きょうじゅ -teaching,instruction,professor
強調, きょうちょう -emphasis,stress,stressed point
共通, きょうつう -commonness,community
共同, きょうどう -cooperation,association,collaboration,joint
恐怖, きょうふ -be afraid,dread,dismay,terror
協力, きょうりょく -cooperation,collaboration
強力, きょうりょく -herculean strength,mountain carrier-guide
さ, きょか -permission,approval
局, きょく -a bureau, department
極, きょく -a pole
巨大, きょだい -huge,gigantic,enormous
嫌う, きらう -to hate,to dislike,to loathe
霧, きり -fog,mist
切れ, きれ -cloth,piece,cut,chop
切れる, きれる -(1) to cut well,to be sharp,(2) to break (off)
キロ -(abbr) kilo-,kilogram,kilometre,10^3
記録, きろく -record,minutes,document
議論, ぎろん -argument,discussion,dispute
金, きん -(1) gold,(2) gold general (shogi) (abbr)
銀, ぎん -(1) silver,silver coin,silver paint
禁煙, きんえん -No Smoking!
金額, きんがく -amount of money
金庫, きんこ -safe,vault,treasury,provider of funds
禁止, きんし -prohibition,ban
金銭, きんせん -money,cash
金属, きんぞく -metal
近代, きんだい -modern ages
緊張, きんちょう -tension,mental strain,nervousness
筋肉, きんにく -muscle,sinew
金融, きんゆう -finance, monetary circulation,
金曜, きんよう -(abbr) Friday
九, く -nine
句, く -sentence
食う, くう -(male) (vulg) to eat
偶然, ぐうぜん -(by) chance,unexpectedly,suddenly
臭い, くさい -stink, smelly (bad)
鎖, くさり -chain
腐る, くさる -to rot,to go bad
癖, くせ -a habit (often a bad habit),peculiarity
管, くだ -pipe,tube
具体, ぐたい -concrete,tangible,material
下さる, くださる -(hon) to give,to confer
下り, くだり -down-train (going away from Tokyo)
苦痛, くつう -pain,agony
ぐっすり -sound asleep,fast asleep
区別, くべつ -distinction,differentiation,classification
組, くみ -class,group,team,set
組合, くみあい -association,union
組む, くむ -to put together
曇, くもり -cloudiness,cloudy weather,shadow
位, くらい -grade,rank,about
暮らし, くらし -living,livelihood,subsistence,circumstances
暮らす, くらす -to live,to get along
繰り返す, くりかえす -to repeat,to do something over again
狂う, くるう -to go mad,to get out of order
苦しい, くるしい -painful,difficult
苦しむ, くるしむ -to suffer,to groan,to be worried
暮れ, くれ -year end,sunset,nightfall,end
苦労, くろう -troubles,hardships
加える, くわえる -to append,to sum up,to add (up)
詳しい, くわしい -knowing very well,detailed,full,accurate
加わる, くわわる -to join in,to accede to,to increase,to gain in (influence)
訓, くん -native Japanese reading of a Chinese character
軍, ぐん -army,force,troops
軍隊, ぐんたい -army,troops
訓練, くんれん -practice,training
下, げ -under,below,beneath
敬意, けいい -respect,honour
経営, けいえい -management,administration
計画, けいかくする -plan,project,schedule,scheme,program,to plan
景気, けいき -business climate, condition,state
経験, けいけんする -experience, to experience
傾向, けいこう -tendency,trend,inclination
警告, けいこく -warning,advice
計算, けいさん -calculation,reckoning
掲示, けいじ -notice,bulletin
刑事, けいじ -a police detective
芸術, げいじゅつ -(fine) art,the arts
契約, けいやく -contract,compact,agreement
経由, けいゆ -go by the way,via
怪我, けがする -injury (to animate object),hurt, to injure
劇, げき -drama,play
劇場, げきじょう -theatre,playhouse
化粧, けしょう -make-up (cosmetic)
けち -stinginess,miser,miserliness
結果, けっか -result,consequence
欠陥, けっかん -defect,fault,deficiency
結局, けっきょく -after all,eventually
決心, けっしん -determination,resolution
欠席, けっせき -absence,non-attendance
決定, けってい -decision,determination
欠点, けってん -faults,defect,weakness
月曜, げつよう / げつようび -Monday
結論, けつろん -conclusion
煙, けむり -smoke,fumes
券, けん -ticket,coupon,bond,certificate
県, けん -prefecture
軒, けん -a couter for house
喧嘩, けんか -quarrel,(drunken) brawl,failure
見解, けんかい -opinion,point of view
限界, げんかい -limit,bound
現金, げんきん -cash,ready money,mercenary,
言語, げんご -language
健康, けんこう -health,sound,wholesome
検査, けんさ -inspection (e.g. customs, factory),examination
現在, げんざい -present,up to now,nowadays,modern times,current
現実, げんじつ -reality
現象, げんしょう -phenomenon
現状, げんじょう -present condition,existing state,status quo
建設, けんせつ -construction,establishment
現代, げんだい -nowadays,modern times,present-day
建築, けんちく -construction,architecture
見当, けんとう -be found,aim,estimate,guess,approx
検討, けんとう -consideration,examination,investigation,study,scrutiny
現場, げんば -actual spot,scene,scene of the crime
憲法, けんぽう -constitution
権利, けんり -right,privilege
後, ご -afterwards,since then,in the future
語, ご -suffix for language,word
恋, こい -love,tender passion
濃い, こい -thick (as of color, liquid),dense,strong
恋人, こいびと -lover,sweetheart
幸運, こううん -good luck,fortune
講演, こうえん -lecture,address
効果, こうか -effect,effectiveness,efficacy,result
硬貨, こうか -coin
高価, こうか -high price
豪華, ごうか -wonderful,gorgeous,splendor,pomp,extravagance
合格, ごうかく -success,passing (e.g. exam),eligibility
交換, こうかん -exchange,interchange,reciprocity
航空, こうくう -aviation,flying
光景, こうけい -scene,spectacle
合計, ごうけい -sum total,total amount
攻撃, こうげき -attack,strike,offensive,criticism,censure
貢献, こうけん -contribution,services
広告, こうこく -advertisement
交際, こうさい -company,friendship,association,society,acquaintance
後者, こうしゃ -the latter
構成, こうせい -organization,composition
高速, こうそく -high speed,high gear
行動, こうどう -action,conduct,behaviour,mobilization
強盗, ごうとう -robbery,burglary
幸福, こうふく -happiness,blessedness
公平, こうへい -fairness,impartial,justice
候補, こうほ -candidacy
考慮, こうりょ -consideration,taking into account
越える, こえる -to exceed,to cross over,to cross
氷, こおり -ice,hail
凍る, こおる -to freeze,to be frozen over,to congeal
誤解, ごかい -misunderstanding
語学, ごがく -language study
呼吸, こきゅう -breath,respiration
故郷, こきょう -home town,birthplace,old village,historic village
国語, こくご -national language
黒板, こくばん -blackboard
克服, こくふく -subjugation,conquest
国民, こくみん -national,people,citizen
穀物, こくもつ -grain,cereal,corn
ここ, ここ -here
腰, こし -hip
故障, こしょう -break-down,failure,accident,out of order
個人, こじん -individual,private person,personal,private
越す, こす -to go over (e.g. with audience)
国家, こっか -state,country,nation
国会, こっかい -National Diet,parliament,congress
国境, こっきょう -national or state border
骨折, こっせつ -bone fracture
小包, こづつみ -parcel,package
事, こと -thing,matter,fact,circumstances
異なる, ことなる -to differ,to vary,to disagree
諺, ことわざ -proverb,maxim
断る, ことわる -to refuse,to decline,to dismiss
粉, こな -flour,meal,powder
この, この -this
好み, このみ -liking,taste,choice
好む, このむ -to like,to prefer
塵, ごみ -dust,dirt rubbish
小麦, こむぎ -wheat
ごめんなさい -I beg your pardon,excuse me
小屋, こや -hut,cabin,shed,(animal) pen
これら -these
頃, ころ -time,about,toward,approximately (time)
殺す, ころす -to kill
転ぶ, ころぶ -to fall down,to fall over
今回, こんかい -now,this time,lately
今後, こんご -from now on,hereafter
混雑, こんざつ -congestion,
こんなに -so,like this,in this way
困難, こんなん -difficulty,distress
今日, こんにち -today,this day
こんにちは -hello,good day (daytime greeting, id)
婚約, こんやく -engagement,betrothal
混乱, こんらん -disorder,chaos,confusion,mayhem
差, さ -difference,variation
際, さい -on the occasion of,circumstances
最高, さいこう -highest,supreme,the most
財産, ざいさん -property,fortune,assets
最終, さいしゅう -last,final,closing
最中, さいちゅう -in the middle of
最低, さいてい -least,lowest,worst
才能, さいのう -talent,ability
裁判, さいばん -trial,judgement
材料, ざいりょう -ingredients,material
幸い, さいわい -happiness,blessedness
境, さかい -border,boundary,mental state
逆らう, さからう -to go against,to oppose,to disobey,to defy
盛り, さかり -the highest, the peak, prime
作業, さぎょう -work,operation,manufacturing,fatigue duty
作品, さくひん -work,opus,performance,production
作物, さくもつ -produce (e.g. agricultural),crops
桜, さくら -cherry blossom,cherry tree
酒, さけ -alcohol,sake
叫ぶ, さけぶ -to shout,to cry
避ける, さける -(1) to avoid (physical contact ),(2) to ward off,to avert
支える, ささえる -to support, to hold, maintain
指す, さす -to point,to put up umbrella,to play
座席, ざせき -seat
誘う, さそう -(1) to invite,to ask,(2) to tempt,to lure,to induce
札, さつ -(1) token,label,(2) ticket,(3) charm
作家, さっか -author,writer,novelist,artist
作曲, さっきょく -composition,setting (of music)
ざっと -roughly,in round numbers
さっぱり -feeling refreshed,feeling relieved,neat,trimmed
さて -well,now,then
砂漠, さばく -desert
差別, さべつ -discrimination,distinction,differentiation
作法, さほう -manners,etiquette,propriety
様々, さまざま -varied,various
覚ます, さます -to awaken
覚める, さめる -to wake,to wake up
左右, さゆう -(1) left and right,(2) influence,control,domination
皿, さら -plate,dish
更に, さらに -furthermore,again,after all,more and more,moreover
去る, さる -to leave,to go away
猿, さる -monkey
騒ぎ, さわぎ -uproar,disturbance
参加, さんか -participation
参考, さんこう -reference,consultation
賛成, さんせい -approval,agreement,support,favour
酸素, さんそ -oxygen
散歩, さんぽ -walk,stroll
氏, し -family name,lineage,birth
詩, し -poem,verse of poetry
四, し / よん -four
幸せ, しあわせ -happiness,good fortune,luck,blessing
ジェット機, ジェットき -jet aeroplane
直に, じかに -immediately,readily,directly
しかも -moreover,furthermore,nevertheless,and yet
叱る, しかる -to scold
式, しき -equation,formula,ceremony
お, じき -earnestly,immediately,exactly
時期, じき -time,season,period
支給, しきゅう -payment,allowance
しきりに -frequently,repeatedly,incessantly,eagerly
刺激, しげき -stimulus,impetus,incentive
資源, しげん -resources
事件, じけん -event,affair,incident
時刻, じこく -instant,time,moment
自殺, じさつ -suicide
事実, じじつ -fact,truth,reality
支出, ししゅつ -expenditure,expenses
事情, じじょう -circumstances,consideration,conditions,situation,reasons
詩人, しじん -poet
自身, じしん -by oneself,personally
沈む, しずむ -to sink,to feel depressed
自然, しぜん -nature,spontaneous
思想, しそう -thought,idea
舌, した -tongue
次第, しだい -(1) order,precedence,(2) circumstances,(3) immediate(ly)
事態, じたい -situation,present state of affairs
従う, したがう -to abide (by the rules),to obey,to follow,to accompany
したがって, したがって -therefore,consequently,in accordance with
支度, したくする -preparation, to prepare
親しい, したしい -intimate,close (e.g. friend)
七, しち / なな -seven
質, しつ -quality,nature (of person)
失業, しつぎょう -unemployment
実験, じっけん -experiment
実現, じつげん -implementation,materialization,realization
実行, じっこう -practice,performance,execution (e.g. program),realization
実際, じっさい -practical,actual condition,status quo
実施, じっし -enforcement,enact,put into practice,carry out,operation
じっと -fixedly,firmly,patiently,quietly
実に, じつに -indeed,truly,surely
実は, じつは -as a matter of fact,by the way
失望, しつぼう -disappointment,despair
支店, してん -branch store (office)
指導, しどう -leadership,guidance,coaching
自動, じどう -automatic,self-motion
品, しな -thing,article,goods,dignity,article (goods),counter for meal courses
支配, しはい -rule,control,direction
芝居, しばい -play,drama
しばしば -often,again and again,frequently
芝生, しばふ -lawn
支払, しはらい -payment
支払う, しはらう -to pay
死亡, しぼう -death,mortality
資本, しほん -funds,capital
姉妹, しまい -sisters
しまう -to finish, to close, put an end
しまった -Damn it!
自慢, じまん -pride,boast
事務, じむ -business,office work
示す, しめす -to denote,to show,to point out,to indicate
占める, しめる -(1) to comprise,to account for,to make up (of),(2) to hold,to occupy
下, しも -under,below,beneath
霜, しも -frost
借金, しゃっきん -debt,loan,liabilities
しゃべる -to talk,to chat,to chatter
邪魔, じゃま -hindrance,intrusion
週, しゅう -week
州, しゅう -a state, province, county
十, じゅう -10,ten
銃, じゅう -gun
周囲, しゅうい -surroundings,circumference,environs
収穫, しゅうかく -harvest,crop,ingathering
週間, しゅうかん -week,weekly
宗教, しゅうきょう -religion
重視, じゅうし -importance,stress,serious consideration
就職, しゅうしょく -finding employment,inauguration
修正, しゅうせい -amendment,correction,revision,modification
渋滞, じゅうたい -congestion (e.g. traffic),delay,stagnation
重大, じゅうだい -serious,important,grave,weighty
住宅, じゅうたく -resident,housing
集団, しゅうだん -group,mass
集中, しゅうちゅう -concentration,focusing the mind
収入, しゅうにゅう -income,receipts,revenue
住民, じゅうみん -citizens,inhabitants,residents,population
重要, じゅうよう -important, momentous, essential, principal, major
修理, しゅうり -repairing,mending
主義, しゅぎ -doctrine,rule,principle
宿泊, しゅくはく -lodging
手術, しゅじゅつ -surgical operation
首相, しゅしょう -Prime Minister
手段, しゅだん -means,way,measure
主張, しゅちょう -claim,request,insistence,assertion
出身, しゅっしん -graduate from,come from
出席, しゅっせきする -attendance,presence, to attend
出発, しゅっぱつする -departure, to depart
出版, しゅっぱん -publication
首都, しゅと -capital city
主婦, しゅふ -housewife,
主要, しゅよう -chief,main,principal,major
需要, じゅよう -demand,request
種類, しゅるい -variety,kind,type
順, じゅん -order,turn
瞬間, しゅんかん -moment,second,instant
順調, じゅんちょう -favourable,doing well,O.K.,all right
順番, じゅんばん -turn (in line),order of things
準備, じゅんびする -preparation,arrangements,provision,reserve, to prepare
小, しょう -small
章, しょう -(1) chapter,section,(2) medal
賞, しょう -prize,award
使用, しよう -use,application,employment,utilization
上, じょう -(1) first volume,(2) superior quality,
障害, しょうがい -obstacle,impediment (fault),damage
奨学金, しょうがくきん -scholarship
乗客, じょうきゃく -passenger
上京, じょうきょう -proceeding to the capital (Tokyo)
状況, じょうきょう -state of affairs,situation,circumstances
条件, じょうけん -conditions,terms
正午, しょうご -noon,mid-day
正直, しょうじき -honesty,integrity,frankness
常識, じょうしき -common sense
少女, しょうじょ -daughter,young lady,virgin,maiden,little girl
少々, しょうしょう -just a minute,small quantity
症状, しょうじょう -symptoms,condition
生じる, しょうじる -to produce,to yield,to result from,to arise,to be generated
状態, じょうたい -condition,situation,circumstances,state
招待, しょうたいする -invitation, to invite
上達, じょうたつ -improvement,advance,progress
冗談, じょうだん -jest,joke
承知, しょうちする -consent,acceptance,assent,admitting, to consent
上等, じょうとう -superiority,first class,very good
衝突, しょうとつ -collision,conflict
商人, しょうにん -trader,shopkeeper,merchant
承認, しょうにん -recognition,acknowledgement,approval,consent,agreement
少年, しょうねん -boys,juveniles
商売, しょうばい -trade,business,commerce,transaction,occupation
消費, しょうひ -consumption,expenditure
商品, しょうひん -commodity,article of commerce,goods,stock,merchandise
消防, しょうぼう -fire fighting,fire department
情報, じょうほう -information,(military) intelligence
証明, しょうめい -proof,verification
女王, じょおう -queen
職, しょく -employment
職業, しょくぎょう -occupation,business
食事, しょくじする -meal, to have a meal
食卓, しょくたく -dining table
食品, しょくひん -commodity,foodstuff
植物, しょくぶつ -plant,vegetation
食物, しょくもつ -food,foodstuff
食欲, しょくよく -appetite (for food)
食料, しょくりょう -food
食糧, しょくりょう -provisions,rations
書斎, しょさい -study
女子, じょし -woman,girl
助手, じょしゅ -helper,helpmeet,assistant,tutor
徐々に, じょじょに -slowly,little by little,gradually,steadily,quietly
署名, しょめい -signature
書物, しょもつ -books
女優, じょゆう -actress
処理, しょり -processing,dealing with,treatment,disposition,disposal
書類, しょるい -documents,official papers
知らせ, しらせ -notice
尻, しり -buttocks,bottom
印, しるし -(1) mark,(2) symbol,(3) evidence
城, しろ -castle
進学, しんがく -going on to a higher level school,
神経, しんけい -nerve,sensitivity
真剣, しんけん -seriousness,earnestness
信仰, しんこう -(religious) faith,belief,creed
信号, しんごう -traffic lights,signal,semaphore
人工, じんこう -artificial,manmade,human work,human skill,artificiality
深刻, しんこく -serious
診察, しんさつ -medical examination
人種, じんしゅ -race (of people)
信じる, しんじる -to believe,to place trust in
人生, じんせい -(human) life (i.e. conception to death)
親戚, しんせき -relative
新鮮, しんせん -fresh
心臓, しんぞう -heart (organ)
身体, しんたい -the body
身長, しんちょう -height (of body),stature
慎重, しんちょう -discretion,prudence
心配, しんぱいする -worry,concern,anxiety,care, to worry
審判, しんぱん -refereeing,trial,judgement,umpire,referee
人物, じんぶつ -character,personality,person,man,personage,talented man
進歩, しんぽ -progress,development
親友, しんゆう -close friend,buddy
信用, しんよう -confidence,dependence,credit,faith
信頼, しんらい -reliance,trust,confidence
心理, しんり -pshcyology, mental state
人類, じんるい -mankind,humanity
州, す -sandbank
巣, す -nest,rookery,breeding place,beehive,cobweb
図, ず -figure (e.g. Fig 1),drawing,picture,illustration
水準, すいじゅん -(1) level, standard, (2) water level
推薦, すいせん -recommendation
随分, ずいぶん -extremely
睡眠, すいみん -sleep
数, すう -number,figure
数字, すうじ -numeral,figure
末, すえ -the end of,powder
姿, すがた -figure,shape,appearance
空く, すく -(1) to open,to become empty,(2) to be less crowded
救う, すくう -to rescue from,to help out of
優れる, すぐれる -to surpass,to outstrip,to excel
すごい -terrible,dreadful,terrific,amazing,great
少しも, すこしも -anything of,not one bit
過ごす, すごす -to pass,to spend,to go through,to tide over
筋, すじ -muscle,string,line
進める, すすめる -to advance,to promote,to hasten
勧める, すすめる -to recommend,to advise,to encourage,to offer (wine)
頭痛, ずつう -headache
ずっと -consecutively,throughout,a lot
すてき -lovely,dreamy,beautiful,great
既に, すでに -already,too late
すなわち -that is,namely,i.e.
素晴らしい, すばらしい -wonderful,splendid,magnificent
全て, すべて -all,the whole,entirely,in general,wholly
全て, すべて -all,whole,entire,complete,overall,pan
済ませる, すませる -to be finished
すみません -sorry,excuse me
為る, する -to do
すると, すると -thereupon,hereupon
鋭い, するどい -pointed,sharp
背, せい -height,stature
正, せい -(logical) true,regular
性, せい -sex,gender
所為, せい -cause,reason,fault
税, ぜい -a tax
性格, せいかく -character,personality
正確, せいかく -accurate,punctuality,exactness,authenticity,veracity
世紀, せいき -century,era
請求, せいきゅう -claim,demand,application,request
税金, ぜいきん -tax,duty
清潔, せいけつ -clean
制限, せいげん -restriction,restraint,limitation
成功, せいこう -success,hit
生産, せいさん -production,manufacture
正式, せいしき -due form,official,formality
精神, せいしん -mind,soul,heart,spirit,intention
成人, せいじん -adult
精々, せいぜい -at the most,at best,to the utmost,as much (far) as possible
成績, せいせき -results,record
製造, せいぞう -manufacture,production
贅沢, ぜいたく -luxury,extravagance
成長, せいちょう -growth,grow to adulthood
制度, せいど -system,institution,organization
青年, せいねん -youth,young man
製品, せいひん -manufactured goods,finished goods
政府, せいふ -government,administration
生物, せいぶつ -raw food
生命, せいめい -life,existence
整理, せいり -sorting,arrangement,adjustment,regulation
咳, せき -cough
石炭, せきたん -coal
責任, せきにん -duty,responsibility
石油, せきゆ -oil,petroleum,kerosene
世間, せけん -world,society
説, せつ -theory
積極的, せっきょくてき -positive,active,proactive
設計, せっけい -plan,design
絶対, ぜったい -absolute,unconditional,absoluteness
設備, せつび -equipment,device,facilities,installation
絶滅, ぜつめつ -destruction,extinction
節約, せつやく -economising,saving
是非, ぜひ -certainly,without fail
責める, せめる -to condemn,to blame,to criticize
世話, せわする -looking after,help,aid,assistance, to look after
善, ぜん -good,goodness,right,virtue
全員, ぜんいん -all members (unanimity),all hands,the whole crew
専攻, せんこう -major subject,special study
全国, ぜんこく -country-wide,nation-wide,whole country,national
先日, せんじつ -the other day,a few days ago
前者, ぜんしゃ -the former
選手, せんしゅ -(1) player (in game),(2) team
前進, ぜんしん -advance,drive,progress
全然, ぜんぜん -(1) wholly,entirely,completely,(2) not at all (with neg. verb)
全体, ぜんたい -whole,entirety,whatever (is the matter)
選択, せんたく -selection,choice
そう, そう -so
象, ぞう -elephant
騒音, そうおん -noise
増加, ぞうか -increase,addition
操作, そうさ -operation,management,processing
掃除, そうじ / そうじする -cleaning,sweeping, to clean, to sweep
想像, そうぞう -imagination,guess
相続, そうぞく -succession,inheritance
相談, そうだん / そうだんする -consultation,discussion，to consult, to discuss
装置, そうち -equipment,installation,apparatus
相当, そうとう -suitable,fair,tolerable,proper
速度, そくど -speed,velocity,rate
底, そこ -bottom,sole
そこで -so (conj),accordingly,now,then,thereupon
組織, そしき -(1) organization,(2) structure,construction,(3) tissue,(4) system
そして -and
注ぐ, そそぐ -to pour (into),to irrigate,to pay,to fill,to feed (e.g. a fire)
育つ, そだつ -to raise (child),to be brought up,to grow (up)
そっくり -all,altogether,entirely,be just like,the splitting image of
そっと -face of the earth
袖, そで -sleeve
備える, そなえる -to furnish,to provide for,to equip,to install
その, その -the,that
そのうち -eventually,sooner or later,of the previously mentioned
そのまま -without change,as it is (i.e. now)
側, そば -side,edge,third person
粗末, そまつ -crude,rough,plain,humble
それ -it,that
それぞれ -each,every,either,respectively,severally
それでも -but (still),and yet,nevertheless,even so,notwithstanding
それとも -or,or else
損, そん -loss,disadvantage
損害, そんがい -damage,injury,loss
尊敬, そんけい -respect,esteem,reverence,honour
存在, そんざい -existence,being
尊重, そんちょう -respect,esteem,regard
田, た -rice field
他, た -other (esp. places and things)
台, だい -stand,rack,table,support, counter for machine
題, だい -title,subject,theme,topic
体育, たいいく -physical education,gymnastics,athletics
体温, たいおん -temperature (body)
大会, たいかい -convention,tournament,mass meeting,rally
大気, たいき -the air, atmosphere
代金, だいきん -price,payment,cost,charge
退屈, たいくつ -tedium,boredom
滞在, たいざい -stay,sojourn
大使, たいし -ambassador
大した, たいした -considerable,great,important,significant,a big deal
対象, たいしょう -target,object (of worship, study, etc),subject (of taxation, etc)
大臣, だいじん -cabinet minister
対する, たいする -to face,to confront,to oppose
大戦, たいせん -great war,great battle
大抵, たいてい -usually,generally
態度, たいど -attitude,manner
大統領, だいとうりょう -president,chief executive
大半, たいはん -majority,mostly,generally
代表, だいひょう -representative,representation,delegation,type,example,model
大部分, だいぶぶん -most part,greater part,majority
大変, たいへん -awful,dreadful,terrible,very
逮捕, たいほ -arrest,apprehension,capture
太陽, たいよう -sun,solar
平ら, たいら -flatness,level,smooth,calm,plain
代理, だいり -representation,agency,proxy,deputy,agent
大陸, たいりく -continent
倒す, たおす -to throw down,to beat,to bring down,to blow down
だが, だが -however
互い, たがい -mutual,reciprocal
宝, たから -treasure
だから, だから -so,therefore
宅, たく -house,home,husband
だけど -however
確かめる, たしかめる -to ascertain, confirm
多少, たしょう -more or less,somewhat,a little,some
助ける, たすける -to help,to save,to rescue
ただ -free of charge,
唯, ただ -mere,sole,only
戦い, たたかい -battle,fight,struggle,conflict
戦う, たたかう -to fight,to battle,to combat
叩く, たたく -to strike,to clap,to dust,to beat
直ちに, ただちに -at once,immediately,directly,in person
立ち上がる, たちあがる -to stand up
立場, たちば -standpoint,position,situation
経つ, たつ -to pass,to lapse
達する, たっする -to reach,to get to
唯, たった -only (use with a word which indicates numbers)
だって -but,because,even,also,too
たっぷり -full,in plenty,ample
縦, たて -length,height
たとえ -simile,metaphor,allegory
谷, たに -valley
他人, たにん -another person,unrelated person,outsider,stranger
種, たね -(1) seed,(2) material,(3) cause,source
束, たば -handbreadth,bundle
度, たび -counter for occurrences
旅, たび -travel,trip,journey
たびたび -often,repeatedly,frequently
多分, たぶん -perhaps,probably
玉, たま -ball,sphere,coin
球, たま -globe,sphere,ball
弾, たま -bullet,shot,shell
偶々, たまたま -casually,unexpectedly,accidentally,by chance
たまらない -intolerable, unbearable, unendurable
黙る, だまる -to be silent
駄目, だめ -useless,no good,hopeless
試し, ためし -trial,test
試す, ためす -to attempt,to test
便り, たより -news, tidings, information, correspondence, letter
頼る, たよる -to rely on,to have recourse to,to depend on
誰か, だれか -someone,somebody
段, だん -step,stair,flight of steps,grade,rank,level
単位, たんい -unit,denomination,credit (in school)
単語, たんご -word,vocabulary,(usually) single-character word
男子, だんし -a boy, a man, a male
単純, たんじゅん -simplicity
誕生, たんじょう -birth
団体, だんたい -organization,association, a group
担当, たんとう -(in) charge
単なる, たんなる -mere,simple,sheer
単に, たんに -simply,merely,only,solely
地, ち -earth
地位, ちい -(social) position,status
地域, ちいき -area,region
知恵, ちえ -wisdom, intelligence, advice
地下, ちか -basement,underground
違い, ちがい -difference,discrepancy
違いない, ちがいない -(phrase) sure,no mistaking it,for certain
近頃, ちかごろ -lately,recently,nowadays
地球, ちきゅう -the earth
地区, ちく -district,section,sector
遅刻, ちこく -lateness,late coming
知事, ちじ -prefectural governor
知識, ちしき -knowledge,information
父親, ちちおや -father
知能, ちのう -intelligence,brains
地平線, ちへいせん -horizon
地方, ちほう -area,locality,district,region,the coast
茶, ちゃ -tea
ちゃんと -perfectly,properly,exactly
中, ちゅう -inside,middle,among
注, ちゅう -annotation,explanatory note
中央, ちゅうおう -centre,central,center,middle
中学, ちゅうがく -middle school,junior high school
中古, ちゅうこ -(1) used,second-hand,old
中止, ちゅうし -suspension, stoppage, discontinuance, interruption
駐車, ちゅうしゃ -parking (e.g. car)
昼食, ちゅうしょく -lunch,midday meal
中心, ちゅうしん -center,core,heart,pivot,emphasis,balance
注目, ちゅうもく -notice,attention,observation
注文, ちゅうもん -order,request
長期, ちょうき -long time period
調査, ちょうさ -investigation,examination,inquiry,survey
調子, ちょうし -condition, form, shape, tune,tone,key
頂上, ちょうじょう -top,summit,peak
ちょうだい -(1) please do for me (preceded by -te),(2) reception,being given,get (spoken)
貯金, ちょきん -(bank) savings
直接, ちょくせつ -direct,immediate,personal,firsthand
著者, ちょしゃ -author,writer
対, つい -pair,couple,set
遂に, ついに -finally,at last
通過, つうか -passage through,passing
通学, つうがく -commuting to school
通行, つうこう -passage,passing
通じる, つうじる -to run to,to lead to,to communicate,to understand
通信, つうしん -correspondence,communication,news,signal
捕まる, つかまる -to be caught,to be arrested
掴む, つかむ -to seize,to catch,to grasp
疲れ, つかれ -tiredness,fatigue
月, つき -moon,month
付き合い, つきあい -association,socializing,fellowship
次々, つぎつぎ -in succession,one by one
就く, つく -to take (seat, position),to get (a job)
注ぐ, つぐ -to pour (into),to irrigate,to pay
付ける, つける -to attach,to join,to add,to append
土, つち -earth,soil
続き, つづき -sequel,continuation
包み, つつみ -bundle,package,parcel,bale
勤め, つとめ -(1) service, business, job(2) Buddhist religious services
務め, つとめ -(1) service,duty,
繋ぐ, つなぐ -to tie,to fasten,to connect,to transfer (phone call)
常に, つねに -always,constantly
角, つの -horn
翼, つばさ -wings
つまり -in short,in brief,in other words
罪, つみ -crime,fault,indiscretion
詰める, つめる -to pack,to shorten,to work out (details)
積もる, つもる -to pile up
梅雨, つゆ -rainy season,rain during the rainy season
辛い, つらい -painful,heart-breaking
釣, つり -fishing
連れ, つれ -companion,company
出会い, であい -meeting,rendezvous,encounter
出会う, であう -to meet by chance,to come across,to happen to encounter
提案, ていあん -proposal,proposition,suggestion
定期, ていき -fixed term
抵抗, ていこう -resistance,opposition, electrical resistance,
提出, ていしゅつ -presentation,submission,filing
程度, ていど -degree,amount,grade,standard,of the order of (following a number)
停留所, ていりゅうじょ -bus or tram stop
敵, てき -enemy,rival
出来事, できごと -incident,affair,happening,event
適する, てきする -to fit,to suit
適切, てきせつ -pertinent,appropriate,adequate,relevance
適度, てきど -moderate
適用, てきよう -applying
できる -to be able to,to be ready,to occur
出来るだけ, できるだけ -as (much) (soon) as possible
できれば -if at all possible
手品, てじな -sleight of hand,conjuring trick,magic,juggling
ですから -therefore
鉄, てつ -iron
哲学, てつがく -philosophy
手伝い, てつだい -help,helper,assistant
徹底, てってい -thoroughness,completeness
鉄道, てつどう -railroad
徹夜, てつや -all night,all night vigil,sleepless night
では, では -then, in that case,if so
手間, てま -time,labour
でも, でも -but,however
典型, てんけい -type,pattern,archetypal
天候, てんこう -weather
電子, でんし -electron
伝統, でんとう -tradition,convention
天然, てんねん -nature,spontaneity
度, ど -counter for occurrences
問い, とい -question,query
党, とう -party (political)
塔, とう -tower,pagoda
答案, とうあん -examination paper,examination script
同一, どういつ -identity,sameness,similarity
銅貨, どうか -copper coin
当時, とうじ -at that time,in those days
動詞, どうし -verb
同時, どうじ -simultaneous(ly),concurrent,same time,synchronous
どうしても -by all means,at any cost,no matter what
到着, とうちゃく -arrival
道徳, どうとく -morals
投票, とうひょう -voting,poll
同様, どうよう -identical,equal to,same (kind),like
同僚, どうりょう -coworker,colleague,associate
道路, どうろ -road,highway
十, とお -10,ten
通す, とおす -to let pass,to overlook,to continue
通り, とおり -in accordance with ~,following ~,~ Street,~ Avenue
通り過ぎる, とおりすぎる -to pass,to pass through
都会, とかい -city
時, とき -(1) time,hour,(2) occasion,moment
解く, とく -to unfasten, to solve
毒, どく -poison,toxicant
得意, とくい -pride,triumph,prosperity
読書, どくしょ -reading
独身, どくしん -bachelorhood,single,unmarried,celibate
特徴, とくちょう -distinctive feature,characteristic
独特, どくとく -peculiarity,uniqueness,characteristic
独立, どくりつ -independence (e.g. Ind. Day),self-support
解ける, とける -to come untied,to come apart
どこか -somewhere,anywhere
ところが -however,while,even if
ところで -by the way,even if,no matter what
登山, とざん -mountain-climbing
都市, とし -town,city,municipal,urban
年月, としつき(ねんげつ） -months and years
図書, としょ -books
年寄, としより -old people,the aged
閉じる, とじる -to close (e.g. book, eyes),to shut
途端, とたん -just (now, at the moment, etc.)
土地, とち -plot of land,lot,soil
突然, とつぜん -abruptly,suddenly,unexpectedly,all at once
届く, とどく -to reach
とにかく -anyhow,at any rate,anyway,somehow or other,generally speaking,in any case
飛ばす, とばす -to skip over,to omit
飛び出す, とびだす -to jump out,to rush out,to fly out
留める, とめる -to fasten,to turn off,to detain
友, とも -friend,companion,pal
共に, ともに -sharing with,participate in
土曜 / 土曜日, どよう / どようび -Saturday
虎, とら -tiger
取り上げる, とりあげる -to take up,to pick up,to disqualify,to confiscate,to deprive
努力, どりょく -great effort,exertion,endeavour,effort
どれ, どれ -which (of three or more)
取れる, とれる -to come off,to be taken off,to be removed
泥, どろ -mud
とんでもない -unexpected,offensive,What a thing to say!,No way!
どんな -what,what kind of
どんなに -how,how much
名, な -name,reputation
内容, ないよう -subject, contents, substance,
なお -straight,mischief,ordinary,common
仲, なか -relation,relationship
流す, ながす -to drain,to float,to shed (blood, tears),to cruise (e.g. taxi)
なかなか -very,considerably,easily
半ば, なかば -middle,half,semi,halfway,partly
仲間, なかま -company,fellow,colleague,associate
眺め, ながめ -scene,view,prospect,outlook
眺める, ながめる -to view,to gaze at
流れ, ながれ -stream,current
流れる, ながれる -to stream,to flow,to run (ink),to be washed away
無し, なし -without
なぜなら -because
謎, なぞ -riddle,puzzle,enigma
納得, なっとく -consent,assent,understanding
等, など -et cetera,etc.,and the like
七, なな -seven
何, なに -what
何か, なにか -something
なにも -nothing
鍋, なべ -saucepan,pot
生, なま -(1) draft (beer),(2) raw,unprocessed
生, なま -(1) draft (beer),(2) raw,unprocessed
怠ける, なまける -to be idle,to neglect
波, なみ -wave
涙, なみだ -tear
悩む, なやむ -to be worried,to be troubled
為る, なる -to change,to be of use,to reach to
成る, なる -to become
縄, なわ -rope,hemp
何で, なんで -Why?,What for?
何でも, なんでも -by all means,everything
何とか, なんとか -somehow,anyhow,one way or another
似合う, にあう -to suit,to match,to become,to be like
匂い, におい -odour,scent,smell,stench
苦手, にがて -poor (at),weak (in),dislike (of)
握る, にぎる -to grasp,to hold a (thing) in one's hand, grip
日, にち -sun,sunshine,day
日常, にちじょう -ordinary,regular,everyday,usual
日曜, にちよう -Sunday
日光, にっこう -sunlight
にっこり -smile sweetly,smile,grin
日中, にっちゅう -daytime,broad daylight
日本, にっぽん / にほん -Japan
入学, にゅうがく -entry to school or university,matriculation
入場, にゅうじょう -entrance,admission,entering
人気, にんき -popularity
人間, にんげん -human being,man,person
抜く, ぬく -to extract,to omit,to surpass,to draw out,to unplug
抜ける, ぬける -to come out,to fall out,to be omitted
布, ぬの -cloth
濡れる, ぬれる -to get wet
根, ね -root
値, ね -value,price,cost,worth,merit
願い, ねがい -desire,wish,request
願う, ねがう -to desire,to wish,to request
鼠, ねずみ -(1) mouse, rat,
値段, ねだん -price,cost
熱心, ねっしん -zeal,enthusiasm
熱帯, ねったい -tropics
熱中する, ねっちゅうする -to devote oneself, be devoted to, be crazy about
年間, ねんかん -year
年月, ねんげつ -months and years
年中, ねんじゅう -whole year,always,everyday
年代, ねんだい -age,era,period,date
年齢, ねんれい -age,years
野, の -field
能, のう -ability, talent, a Noh play
農家, のうか -farmer,farm family
農業, のうぎょう -agriculture
農民, のうみん -farmers,peasants
能力, のうりょく -ability,faculty
軒, のき -eaves
残す, のこす -to leave (behind, over),to bequeath,to save,to reserve
残り, のこり -remnant,residue,remaining,left-over
乗せる, のせる -to take on board,to give a ride
除く, のぞく -to remove,to exclude,to except
望み, のぞみ -wish,desire,(a) hope
望む, のぞむ -to desire,to wish for,to see,to command (a view of)
後, のち -afterwards,since then,in the future
喉, のど -throat
伸ばす, のばす -to lengthen,to stretch,to reach out,to grow (beard)
伸びる, のびる -to stretch,to extend,to make progress,to grow (beard, body height)
述べる, のべる -to state,to express,to mention
昇る, のぼる -to arise,to ascend,to go up
のんびり -carefree,at leisure
場, ば -place,field (physics)
はあ -Yes, Uh-huh, I see,
灰, はい -ash
梅雨, ばいう -rainy season,rain during the rainy season
配達, はいたつ -delivery,distribution
俳優, はいゆう -actor,actress,player,performer
墓, はか -grave,tomb
馬鹿, ばか -fool,idiot,trivial matter,folly
博士, はかせ -doctorate,PhD
計る, はかる -to measure,to weigh,to survey
履く, はく -to wear,to put on (lower body)
吐く, はく -to breathe out, to vomit
拍手, はくしゅ -clapping hands,applause
莫大, ばくだい -enormous,vast
爆発, ばくはつ -explosion,detonation,eruption
博物館, はくぶつかん -museum
激しい, はげしい -violent,vehement,intense
はさみ -scissors
破産, はさん -(personal) bankruptcy
端, はし -end (e.g. of street),edge,tip,margin,point
始まり, はじまり -origin,beginning
外す, はずす -to unfasten,to remove
旗, はた -flag
肌, はだ -skin
裸, はだか -naked,nude
畑, はたけ -field
二十（歳）, はたち -20 years old,
働き, はたらき -work,labor
発見, はっけん -discovery,detection,finding
発行, はっこう -issue (publications)
発車, はっしゃ -departure of a vehicle
罰する, ばっする -to punish,to penalize
発達, はったつ -development,growth
ばったり -with a clash (thud),with a bang,plump,flop
発展, はってん -development,growth
発表, はっぴょう -announcement,publication
発明, はつめい -invention
話し合う, はなしあう -to discuss,to talk together
離す, はなす -to part,divide,separate
放す, はなす -to separate,to set free
離れる, はなれる -to be separated from,to leave,to go away,to be a long way off
羽, はね -counter for birds,counter for rabbits
幅, はば -width,breadth
母親, ははおや -mother
省く, はぶく -to omit,to eliminate,to curtail,to economize
場面, ばめん -scene,setting (e.g. of novel)
腹, はら -abdomen,belly,stomach
原, はら -field,plain,prairie,tundra,moor,wilderness
針, はり -needle,hand (e.g. clock)
張る, はる -to stick,to paste
番, ばん -counter for a number
範囲, はんい -extent,scope,sphere,range
反抗, はんこう -opposition,resistance
犯罪, はんざい -crime
判断, はんだん -judgement,decision
犯人, はんにん -offender,criminal
販売, はんばい -sale,selling,marketing
灯, ひ -light
被害, ひがい -damage
比較, ひかく -comparison
轢く, ひく -to run somebody over (with vehicle),to knock someone down
悲劇, ひげき -tragedy
飛行, ひこう -aviation
膝, ひざ -knee,lap
非常, ひじょう -emergency,extraordinary,unusual
美人, びじん -beautiful person (woman)
額, ひたい -forehead,brow
びっくり -be surprised,be amazed,be frightened,astonishment
日付, ひづけ -date,dating
必死, ひっし -inevitable death,desperation,frantic,inevitable result
ぴったり -exactly,neatly,sharp
引っ張る, ひっぱる -(1) to pull,to draw,to stretch,to drag,(2) to pull the ball (baseball)
否定, ひてい -negation,denial,repudiation
一言, ひとこと -single word
人込み, ひとごみ -crowd of people
等しい, ひとしい -equal
独り, ひとり -alone,
一人一人, ひとりひとり -one by one,each,one at a time
批判, ひはん -criticism,judgement,comment
批評, ひひょう -criticism,review,commentary
秘密, ひみつ -secret,secrecy
微妙, びみょう -delicate,subtle
紐, ひも -(1) string,cord,(2) pimp
表, ひょう -table (e.g. Tab 1),chart,list
費用, ひよう -cost,expense
秒, びょう -second (60th min)
評価, ひょうか -valuation,estimation,assessment,evaluation
表現, ひょうげん -expression,presentation,representation (math)
表情, ひょうじょう -facial expression
平等, びょうどう -equality (a),impartiality,evenness
評判, ひょうばん -fame,reputation,popularity,arrant
表面, ひょうめん -surface,outside,face,appearance
広がる, ひろがる -to spread (out),to extend,to stretch,to reach to,to get around
品, ひん -elegance, grace, dignity,
瓶, びん -bottle
便, びん -way,means
不, ふ -un,non,negative prefix
無, ぶ -nothing,naught,nil,zero
分, ぶ -dividing,part
不安, ふあん -anxiety,uneasiness,insecurity,suspense
風景, ふうけい -scenery
夫婦, ふうふ -married couple,husband and wife
笛, ふえ -flute,pipe
不可, ふか -wrong,bad,improper,unjustifiable,inadvisable
武器, ぶき -weapon,arms,ordinance
服装, ふくそう -dress, clothes
含む, ふくむ -to hold in the mouth,to bear in mind
袋, ふくろ -bag,sack
不幸, ふこう -unhappiness,sorrow,misfortune,disaster,accident,death
節, ふし -tune,tone,knot,knob,point
無事, ぶじ -safety,peace,quietness
不思議, ふしぎ -mystery,curiosity
不自由, ふじゆう -discomfort,disability,inconvenience,destitution
夫人, ふじん -wife,Mrs,madam
婦人, ふじん -woman,female
不正, ふせい -injustice,unfairness
防ぐ, ふせぐ -to defend (against),to protect,to prevent
不足, ふそく -insufficiency,shortage,deficiency,lack,dearth
舞台, ぶたい -stage (theatre)
双子, ふたご -twins,a twin
再び, ふたたび -again,once more,a second time
普段, ふだん -usually,habitually,ordinarily,always
縁, ふち -an edge, a brim, a rim,
打つ, ぶつ -to hit,to strike
物価, ぶっか -prices of commodities,prices (in general)
物質, ぶっしつ -material,substance
物理, ぶつり -physics
筆, ふで -writing brush
ふと -suddenly,casually,accidentally,incidentally,unexpectedly,unintentionally
船, ふね -ship,boat,watercraft,shipping,vessel,steamship
部分, ぶぶん -portion,section,part
不平, ふへい -complaint,discontent,dissatisfaction
不満, ふまん -dissatisfaction,displeasure,discontent,complaints,unhappiness
不利, ふり -disadvantage,handicap,unfavorable,drawback
振る, ふる -(1) to wave,to shake,to swing,(2) to sprinkle,(3) to cast (actor),to allocate (work)
震える, ふるえる -to shiver,to shake,to quake
触れる, ふれる -to touch,to be touched,to touch on a subject,to feel,to violate (law, copyright, etc.),to perceive,t
風呂, ふろ -bath
分, ぶん -dividing,part,segment
文, ぶん -sentence
雰囲気, ふんいき -atmosphere (e.g. musical),mood,ambience
分析, ぶんせき -analysis
文明, ぶんめい -civilization,culture
分野, ぶんや -field,sphere,realm,division,branch
塀, へい -wall,fence
平均, へいきん -equilibrium,balance,average,mean
平和, へいわ -peace,harmony
別に, べつに -(not) particularly,nothing
減らす, へらす -to abate,to decrease,to diminish,to shorten
減る, へる -to decrease (in size or number),to diminish,to abate
変化, へんか -goblin,ghost,apparition,bugbear
勉強 / 勉強する, べんきょうする -study, work, to study, to sell (a thing) cheap
変更, へんこう -change,modification,alteration
弁当, べんとう -box lunch
方, ほう -side
法, ほう -Act (law: the X Act)
棒, ぼう -pole,rod,stick
冒険, ぼうけん -risk,venture,adventure
方向, ほうこう -direction,course,way
報告, ほうこく -report,information
宝石, ほうせき -gem,jewel
放送 / 放送する, ほうそうする -broadcast, broadcasting, to broadcast
豊富, ほうふ -abundance,wealth,plenty,bounty
方法, ほうほう -method,manner,way,means,technique
方々, ほうぼう -persons,this and that,here and there,everywhere
訪問, ほうもん -call,visit
吠える, ほえる -to bark,to bay,to howl,to bellow,to roar,to cry
頬, ほお -cheek (of face)
他（外）, ほか -some, other place, the rest
誇り, ほこり -pride
埃, ほこり -dust
保証, ほしょう -guarantee, security, assurance, pledge, warranty
保存, ほぞん -preservation, conservation, storage, maintenance
程, ほど -degree,extent,bounds,limit
歩道, ほどう -footpath,walkway,sidewalk
仏, ほとけ -Buddha,merciful person,Buddhist image,the dead
骨, ほね -bone
炎, ほのお -flame
頬, ほほ -cheek (of face)
ほぼ -almost,roughly,approximately
微笑む, ほほえむ -to smile
褒める, ほめる -to praise,to admire,to speak well
濠, ほり -moat
本当, ほんとう / ほんと -truth,reality
本人, ほんにん -the person himself
本物, ほんもの -genuine article
ぼんやり -absent-minded,block-head,dim,faint,vague
間, ま -space,room,time,pause
まあ -(female) you might say
マイク -mike
迷子, まいご -lost (stray) child
任せる, まかせる -to entrust to another,to leave to
幕, まく -curtain,bunting,act (in play)
負け, まけ -defeat,loss,losing (a game)
孫, まご -grandchild
まさか -nonsense, that's impossible,
まさに -correctly, surely
真面目, まじめ -diligent,serious,honest
増す, ます -to increase,to grow
先ず, まず -first (of all),to start with,about,almost,hardly (with neg. verb)
貧しい, まずしい -poor, needy
ますます -increasingly,more and more
又, また -again,and
未だ, まだ -yet,still,more,besides
街, まち -(1) town, city
間違い, まちがい -mistake
松, まつ -(1) pine tree,(2) highest (of a three-tier ranking system)
真っ赤, まっか -deep red,flushed (of face)
真っ直ぐ, まっすぐ -straight (ahead),direct,upright
全く, まったく -really,truly,entirely,completely
祭, まつり -festival,feast
学ぶ, まなぶ -to study (in depth),to learn,to take lessons in
真似, まね -mimicry,imitation,behavior,pretense
招く, まねく -to invite
豆, まめ -beans,peas
守る, まもる -to protect,to obey,to guard,to abide (by the rules)
丸, まる -circle,full (month),perfection,purity,suffix for ship names
丸い, まるい -round,circular,spherical
まるで -quite,entirely,completely
回す, まわす -to turn,to revolve
回り, まわり -circumference,surroundings,circulation
万一, まんいち -by any chance
満足, まんぞく -satisfaction
身, み -body,main part,oneself,sword
実, み -fruit,nut,seed,content,good result
見送り, みおくり -seeing one off,farewell,escort
味方, みかた -friend,ally,supporter
見事, みごと -splendid,magnificent,beautiful,admirable
満ちる, みちる -to be full,to rise (tide),to mature,to expire
密な, みつな -dense, thick
認める, みとめる -to recognize,to appreciate,to approve,to admit,to notice
見舞い, みまい -enquiry,expression of sympathy,expression of concern
土産, みやげ -present,souvenir
都, みやこ -capital
妙, みょう -strange,unusual
明後日, みょうごにち -day after tomorrow
未来, みらい -future (life, tense)
魅力, みりょく -charm,fascination,glamour
皆, みんな -all,everyone,everybody
無, む -nothing,naught,nil,zero
向かい, むかい -facing,opposite,across the street,other side
迎え, むかえ -meeting,person sent to pick up an arrival
向く, むく -to face
向ける, むける -to turn towards,to point
無視, むし -disregard,ignore
虫歯, むしば -cavity,tooth decay,decayed tooth,caries
寧ろ, むしろ -rather,better,instead
結ぶ, むすぶ -to tie,to bind,to link
無駄, むだ -futility,uselessness
夢中, むちゅう -daze,(in a) trance,ecstasy,delirium,engrossment
胸, むね -breast,chest
無料, むりょう -free,no charge
芽, め -sprout
明確, めいかく -clear up,clarify,define
命じる, めいじる -to order,to command,to appoint
名人, めいじん -master,expert
命令, めいれい -order,command,decree,directive,(software) instruction
迷惑, めいわく -trouble,bother,annoyance
飯, めし -(sl) meals,food
滅多に, めったに -rarely (with neg. verb),seldom
面, めん -a mask, the face, the surface, an aspect, a side,
綿, めん -cotton,padding
免許, めんきょ -license,permit,licence,certificate
面倒, めんどう -trouble,difficulty,care,attention
申し込む, もうしこむ -to apply for,to make an application
申し訳, もうしわけ -apology,excuse
毛布, もうふ -blanket
燃える, もえる -to burn
目的, もくてき -purpose,goal,aim,objective,intention
目標, もくひょう -mark,objective,target
木曜 / 木曜日, もくよう / もくようび -Thursday
文字, もじ -letter (of alphabet),character
もしも -if
持ち上げる, もちあげる -to raise,to lift up,to flatter
用いる, もちいる -to use,to make use of
勿論, もちろん -of course,certainly,naturally
最も, もっとも -most,extremely
尤も, もっとも -quite right,plausible,natural,but then,although
元, もと -(1) origin,original,(2) former
基, もと -basis
戻す, もどす -to restore,to put back,to return
基づく, もとづく -to be grounded on,to be based on,to be due to,to originate from
求める, もとめる -to seek,to request,to demand,to want,to wish for,to search for,to pursue (pleasure),to hunt (a job),
者, もの -person
物音, ものおと -sounds
物語, ものがたり -tale,story,legend
物事, ものごと -things,everything
模様, もよう -pattern,figure,design
貰う, もらう -to receive
文句, もんく -phrase,complaint
文字, もんじ -letter (of alphabet),character
やがて -before long,soon,at length
役, やく -use,service,role,position
約, やく -approximately,about,some
訳, やく -translation, a version
役割, やくわり -part,assigning (allotment of) parts,role,duties
家賃, やちん -rent
厄介, やっかい -trouble,burden,care,bother
宿, やど -inn,lodging
雇う, やとう -to employ,to hire
屋根, やね -roof
やはり -also,as I thought,still,in spite of,absolutely,of course
破る, やぶる -to tear,to violate,to defeat,to smash,to destroy
辞める, やめる -to retire
やや -a little,partially,somewhat,a short time,a while
唯一, ゆいいつ -only,sole,unique
言う, ゆう -to say
勇気, ゆうき -courage,bravery,valour,nerve,boldness
有効, ゆうこう -validity,availability,effectiveness
優秀, ゆうしゅう -superiority,excellence
優勝, ゆうしょう -overall victory,championship
友情, ゆうじょう -friendship,fellowship
友人, ゆうじん -friend
有能, ゆうのう -able,capable,efficient,skill
郵便, ゆうびん -mail,postal service
夕べ, ゆうべ -evening
有利, ゆうり -advantageous,better,profitable,lucrative
床, ゆか -floor
愉快, ゆかい -pleasant,happy
輸出, ゆしゅつする -export, to export
譲る, ゆずる -to turn over,to assign,to hand over
豊か, ゆたか -abundant,wealthy,plentiful,rich
ゆっくり / と -slowly,at ease
輸入, ゆにゅうする -importation,import,introduction, to import
許す, ゆるす -to permit, to allow, to approve, to forgive
夜, よ -evening,night
夜明け, よあけ -dawn,daybreak
よい -good,nice,pleasant,ok
様, よう -way,manner,kind
酔う, よう -to get drunk,to become intoxicated
容易, ようい -easy,simple,plain
陽気な, ようき -cheerful, lively, merry
要求, ようきゅう -request,demand,requisition
用心, ようじん -care,precaution,guarding,caution
様子, ようす -aspect,state,appearance
要するに, ようするに -in a word,after all,the point is ..,in short ..
要素, ようそ -element
要点, ようてん -gist,main point
曜日, ようび -day of the week
予期, よき -expectation,assume will happen,forecast
横切る, よこぎる -to cross (e.g. arms),to traverse
予算, よさん -estimate,budget
止す, よす -to cease,to abolish,to resign,to give up
予測, よそく -prediction,estimation
夜中, よなか -midnight,dead of night
世の中, よのなか -society,the world,the times
余分, よぶん -extra,excess,surplus
予報, よほう -forecast,prediction
予防, よぼう -prevention,precaution,protection against
読み, よみ -reading
嫁, よめ -bride,daughter-in-law
余裕, よゆう -surplus,composure,margin,room,time,allowance,scope,rope
よると -according to
喜び, よろこび -(a) joy,(a) delight,rapture,pleasure,gratification,rejoicing,congratulations,felicitations
宜しい, よろしい -(hon) good,OK,all right,fine,very well,will do,may,can
よろしく -well,properly,suitably,best regards,please remember me
四, よん -four
来, らい -,for (10 days),next (year)
楽, らく -comfort,ease
利益, りえき -profits,gains,(political, economic) interest
理解, りかい -understanding,comprehension
陸, りく -(the) land
利口, りこう -clever,shrewd,bright,sharp,wise,intelligent
離婚, りこん -divorce
理想, りそう -ideal
率, りつ -rate,ratio,proportion,percentage
立派, りっぱ -splendid,fine,handsome,elegant,imposing,prominent,legal,legitimate
留学, りゅうがく -studying abroad
流行, りゅうこう -fashionable,fad,in vogue,prevailing
量, りょう -quantity,amount,volume,portion (of food)
両替, りょうがえ -change,money exchange
料金, りょうきん -fee,charge,fare
例, れい -instance,example,case
礼, れい -expression of gratitude
礼儀, れいぎ -manners,courtesy,etiquette
冷静, れいせい -calm,composure,coolness,serenity
列, れつ -queue,line,row
列車, れっしゃ -train (ordinary)
練習, れんしゅうする -practice, to practice
連想, れんそう -association (of ideas),suggestion
連続, れんぞく -serial,consecutive,continuity,continuing
老人, ろうじん -the aged,old person
労働, ろうどう -manual labor,toil,work
論じる, ろんじる -to argue,to discuss,to debate
論争, ろんそう -controversy,dispute
論文, ろんぶん -thesis,essay,treatise,paper
輪, わ -ring,hoop,circle
わがまま -selfishness, wilfulness, whim
別れ, わかれ -parting,separation,farewell
脇, わき -side
分ける, わける -to divide,to separate
わざと -on purpose
僅か, わずか -only,merely,a little,small quantity
綿, わた -cotton,padding
話題, わだい -topic,subject
笑い, わらい -laugh,laughter,smile
割る, わる -to divide,to cut,to break,to halve
悪口, わるくち -abuse,insult,slander,evil speaking
我々, われわれ -we
湾, わん -bay,gulf,inlet
アイスクリーム -ice cream
アイロン -(electric) iron
アウト -out
アルバム -album
インク -ink
ウイスキー -whisky
エネルギー -(n) energy (de: Energie)
エンジン -engine
オーバー -(1) overcoat,(2) over
オフィス -office
カー -car
カード -card,curd
キャプテン -captain
キャンプ -camp
キロ -(abbr) kilo-, kilogram, kilometre,
クラシック -classic(s)
グラス -(1) glass,(2) grass
グランド -gland,grand,(electrical) ground
クリーム -cream
クリスマス -Christmas
グループ -group
ケース -case
ゲーム -game
コーチ -coach
コード -code,cord,chord
ゴール -goal
コピー -(1) a (photo)copy,(2) blurb on a book jacket
コンピューター -computer
サービス -(1) service,support system,(2) goods or services without charge
サイン -(1) autograph,(2) sign,(3) sine
ジーンズ -jeans
ジェット機, ジェットき -jet aeroplane
ジュース -juice,soft drink,deuce
スイッチ -switch
スープ -(Western) soup
スキー -skiing
スケート -skate(s),skating
スター -star
スタイル -style
スタンド -stand
スピーチ -speech
セット -set
センター -a center
ソファー -sofa,couch
タイプライター -typewriter
ダイヤ -(1) diagram,(2) (railway) schedule,(3) diamond
タオル -towel
ダンス -dance
チーズ -cheese
チーム -team
チャンス -chance,opportunity
デート -date,go on a date
デモ -(abbr) demo,demonstration
テント -tent
トップ -top
ドライブ -drive,trip by car,driving
トラック -(1) truck,(2) (running) track
ドラマ -drama
トランプ -playing cards (lit: trump)
ドレス -dress
トン -ton
トンネル -tunnel
ノー -no
ノック -(1) knock,(2) fungo (baseball)
パーセント -percent
バイオリン -violin
ハイキング -hiking
パイプ -(1) pipe,tube,(2) channels, official or otherwise
パイロット -pilot
パス -path,pass (in games)
パスポート -passport
バッグ -bag,
バン -bun,van (caravan),VAN (value-added network)
ハンサム -handsome
ビール -beer
ピクニック -picnic
ビデオ -video
ピン -pin
プラス -plus
プラン -plan
ブレーキ -a brake
プロ -professional
ベルト -Belt for western clothes
ペンキ -(n) paint (nl: pek)
ベンチ -bench
ボーイ -boy
ボート -rowing boat
ホーム -(1) platform,(2) home
ボール -ball,bowl
マーケット -market
マイク -mike
マスター -proprietor,manager,barowner,master (e.g. arts, science)
ママ -Mama
ミス -miss (mistake, error, failure),Miss
ミルク -milk
メモ -memorandum
メンバー -member
ユーモア -humor
ヨーロッパ -Europe
ヨット -yacht
ライター -lighter,rider,writer
ラケット -racket, paddle,
レポート -report,paper
ロケット -locket,rocket
ワイン -wine | 79,004 | Common Lisp | .l | 1,803 | 32.537992 | 111 | 0.776975 | erikmcguire/cl-shiritori | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:19 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | ac5b945a3238191c62daa9f825ebc7f2833c68e928c0be15f35ae6d32344c78b | 32,707 | [
-1
] |
32,708 | jlptn4.txt | erikmcguire_cl-shiritori/datasets/jlptn4.txt | あ -Ah
ああ -like that
間, あいだ -a space
合う, あう -to match
あかちゃん -baby
上る, あがる -to rise
赤ん坊, あかんぼう -baby
空く, あく -to open, to become empty
あげる -to give
浅い, あさい -shallow, superficial
味, あじ -flavour
明日, あす / あした -tomorrow
遊び, あそび -play
集る, あつまる -to gather
集める, あつめる -to collect something
謝る, あやまる -to apologize
安心, あんしん -relief
安全, あんぜん -safety
あんな -such
以下, いか -less than
以外, いがい -with the exception of
医学, いがく -medical science
生きる, いきる -to live
意見, いけん -opinion
石, いし -stone
いじめる -to tease
以上, いじょう -more than, this is all
急ぐ, いそぐ -to hurry
致す, いたす -(humble) to do
一度, いちど -once
一生懸命, いっしょうけんめい -with utmost effort
いっぱい -full
糸, いと -thread
以内, いない -within
田舎, いなか -countryside
祈る, いのる -to pray
いらっしゃる -(respectful) to be, to come or to go
植える, うえる -to plant, to grow
受付, うけつけ -receipt
受ける, うける -to take a lesson or test
動く, うごく -to move
うち -within
打つ, うつ -to hit
美しい, うつくしい -beautiful
写す, うつす -to copy or photograph
移る, うつる -to move house or transfer
腕, うで -arm
裏, うら -reverse side
売り場, うりば -place where things are sold
うん -(informal) yes
運転手, うんてんしゅ -driver
枝, えだ -branch, twig
選ぶ, えらぶ -to choose
遠慮, えんりょする -to be reserved, to be restrained
おいでになる -(respectful) to be
お祝い, おいわい -congratulation
おかげ -owing to, thanks to
おかしい -strange or funny
億, おく -one hundred million
屋上, おくじょう -rooftop
贈り物, おくりもの -gift
送る, おくる -to send
遅れる, おくれる -to be late
起す, おこす -to wake
行う, おこなう -to do
怒る, おこる -to get angry, to be angry
押し入れ, おしいれ -closet
お嬢さん, おじょうさん -young lady
お宅, おたく -(polite) your house
落ちる, おちる -to fall or drop
おっしゃる -(respectful) to say
夫, おっと -husband
おつり -change from purchase, balance
音, おと -sound, note
落す, おとす -to drop
踊り, おどり -a dance
踊る, おどる -to dance
驚く, おどろく -to be surprised
お祭り, おまつり -festival
お見舞い, おみまい -calling on someone who is ill, enquiry
お土産, おみやげ -souvenir
思い出す, おもいだす -to remember
思う, おもう -to think, to feel
おもちゃ -toy
表, おもて -the front
親, おや -parents
泳ぎ方, およぎかた -way of swimming
下りる, おりる -to get off, to descend
折る, おる -to break or to fold
お礼, おれい -expression of gratitude
折れる, おれる -to break or be folded
終わり, おわり -the end
海岸, かいがん -coast
会議, かいぎ -meeting
会議室, かいぎしつ -meeting room
会場, かいじょう -assembly hall or meeting place
会話, かいわ -conversation
帰り, かえり -return
変える, かえる -to change
科学, かがく -science
鏡, かがみ -mirror
掛ける, かける -to hang something
飾る, かざる -to decorate
火事, かじ -fire
ガス -gas
堅 / 硬, 固い, かたい -hard
形, かたち -shape
片付ける, かたづける -to tidy up
課長, かちょう -section manager
勝つ, かつ -to win
家内, かない -housewife
悲しい, かなしい -sad
必ず, かならず -certainly,necessarily
お金持ち, かねもち / おかねもち -rich man
彼女, かのじょ -she,girlfriend
壁, かべ -wall
髪, かみ -hair
噛む, かむ -to bite,to chew
通う, かよう -to commute
彼, かれ -he,boyfriend
乾く, かわく -to get dry
代わり, かわり -substitute,alternate
変わる, かわる -to change
考える, かんがえる -to consider
関係, かんけい -relationship
看護師, かんごし -nurse
簡単, かんたん -simple
気, き -spirit,mood
機会, きかい -opportunity
危険, きけん -danger
聞こえる, きこえる -to be heard
汽車, きしゃ -steam train
技術, ぎじゅつ -art,technology,skill
季節, きせつ -season
規則, きそく -regulations
きっと -surely
絹, きぬ -silk
厳しい, きびしい -strict
気分, きぶん -mood
決る, きまる -to be decided
君, きみ -(informal) You
決める, きめる -to decide
気持ち, きもち -feeling,mood
着物, きもの -kimono
客, きゃく -guest,customer
急, きゅう -urgent, steep
急行, きゅうこう -speedy, express
教育, きょういく -education
教会, きょうかい -church
競争, きょうそう -competition
興味, きょうみ -an interest
近所, きんじょ -neighbourhood
具合, ぐあい -condition,health
空気, くうき -air,atmosphere
空港, くうこう -airport
草, くさ -grass
首, くび -neck
雲, くも -cloud
比べる, くらべる -to compare
くれる -to give
暮れる, くれる -to get dark,to come to an end
君, くん -suffix for familiar young male
毛, け -hair or fur
経済, けいざい -finance,economy
警察, けいさつ -police
景色, けしき -scene,landscape
消しゴム, けしゴム -eraser
下宿, げしゅく -lodging
決して, けっして -never
けれど / けれども -however
原因, げんいん -cause,source
けんかする -to quarrel
研究, けんきゅう -research
研究室, けんきゅうしつ -study room,laboratory
見物, けんぶつ -sightseeing
子, こ -child
こう -this way
郊外, こうがい -outskirts
講義, こうぎ -lecture
工業, こうぎょう -the manufacturing industry
高校, こうこう -high school
高校生, こうこうせい -high school student
工場, こうじょう / こうば -factory,plant,mill,workshop
校長, こうちょう -headmaster
交通, こうつう -traffic,transportation
講堂, こうどう -auditorium
高等学校, こうとうがっこう -high school
公務員, こうむいん -civil servant, government worker
国際, こくさい -international
心, こころ -heart, mind, core
御主人, ごしゅじん -(honorable) your husband
故障, こしょうする -to break-down
ご存じ, ごぞんじ -(respect form ) to know
答, こたえ -response
ごちそう -a feast
小鳥, ことり -small bird
このあいだ -the other day,recently
このごろ -these days,nowadays
細かい, こまかい -small, fine
込む, こむ -to include
米, こめ -uncooked rice
ごらんになる -(respectful) to see
これから -after this
怖い, こわい -frightening
壊す, こわす -to break
壊れる, こわれる -to be broken
今度, こんど -now,next time
今夜, こんや -tonight
最近, さいきん -latest,nowadays
最後, さいご -last,end
最初, さいしょ -beginning,first
坂, さか -slope,hill
探す, さがす -to look for
下る, さがる -to get down,to descend
盛ん, さかん -popularity,prosperous
下げる, さげる -to hang,to lower,to move back
差し上げる, さしあげる -(polite) to give
さっき -some time ago
寂しい, さびしい -lonely
さ来月, さらいげつ -the month after next
さ来週, さらいしゅう -the week after next
騒ぐ, さわぐ -to make noise,to be excited
触る, さわる -to touch
産業, さんぎょう -industry
残念, ざんねん -disappointment
市, し -city
字, じ -character
試合, しあい -match,game
仕方, しかた -method
試験, しけん -examination
事故, じこ -accident
地震, じしん -earthquake
時代, じだい -era
下着, したぎ -underwear
しっかり -firmly,steadily
失敗, しっぱい -failure,mistake
辞典, じてん -dictionary
品物, しなもの -goods
しばらく -little while
島, しま -island
市民, しみん -citizen
事務所, じむしょ -office
社会, しゃかい -society,public
社長, しゃちょう -company president
自由, じゆう -freedom
習慣, しゅうかん -custom,manners
住所, じゅうしょ -an address,a residence
柔道, じゅうどう -judo
十分, じゅうぶん -enough
趣味, しゅみ -hobby
紹介, しょうかい -introduction
小学校, しょうがっこう -elementary school
小説, しょうせつ -novel
将来, しょうらい -future,prospects
食料品, しょくりょうひん -groceries
女性, じょせい -woman
知らせる, しらせる -to notify
調べる, しらべる -to investigate
人口, じんこう -population
神社, じんじゃ -Shinto shrine
親切, しんせつ -kindness
新聞社, しんぶんしゃ -newspaper company
水泳, すいえい -swimming
水道, すいどう -water supply
数学, すうがく -mathematics,arithmetic
過ぎる, すぎる -to exceed
凄い, すごい -terrific
進む, すすむ -to make progress
すっかり -completely
すっと -straight,all of a sudden
捨てる, すてる -to throw away
砂, すな -sand
滑る, すべる -to slide,to slip
隅, すみ -corner,nook
済む, すむ -to finish
すり -pickpocket
すると -then
生活, せいかつする -to live
生産, せいさんする -to produce
政治, せいじ -politics,government
西洋, せいよう -western countries
世界, せかい -the world
席, せき -seat
説明, せつめい -explanation
背中, せなか -back of the body
線, せん -line
戦争, せんそう -war
先輩, せんぱい -senior
そう -really
育てる, そだてる -to rear,to bring up
卒業, そつぎょう -graduation
祖父, そふ -grandfather
祖母, そぼ -grandmother
それで -because of that
それに -moreover
それほど -to that extent
そろそろ -gradually,soon
そんな -that sort of
そんなに -so much,like that
退院, たいいんする -to leave hospital
大学生, だいがくせい -university student
大事, だいじ -important,valuable,serious matter
大体, だいたい -generally
たいてい -usually
大分, だいぶ -greatly
台風, たいふう -typhoon
倒れる, たおれる -to break down
だから -so,therefore
確か, たしか -definite
足す, たす -to add a number
訪ねる, たずねる -to visit
尋ねる, たずねる -to ask
正しい, ただしい -correct
畳, たたみ -Japanese straw mat
立てる, たてる -to stand something up
建てる, たてる -to build
例えば, たとえば -for example
棚, たな -shelves
楽しみ, たのしみ -joy
楽む, たのしむ -to enjoy oneself
たまに -occasionally
為, ため -in order to
足りる, たりる -to be enough
男性, だんせい -male
暖房, だんぼう -heating
血, ち -blood
チェックする -to check
力, ちから -strength,power
ちっとも -not at all (used with a negative verb)
ちゃん -suffix for familiar person
注意, ちゅうい -caution
中学校, ちゅうがっこう -junior high school,middle school
注射, ちゅうしゃ -injection
駐車場, ちゅうしゃじょう -parking lot
地理, ちり -geography
捕まえる, つかまえる -to seize
付く, つく -to be attached
漬ける, つける -to soak,to pickle
都合, つごう -circumstances,convenience
伝える, つたえる -to report
続く, つづく -to be continued
続ける, つづける -to continue
包む, つつむ -to wrap
妻, つま -my wife
つもり -intention
釣る, つる -to fish
丁寧, ていねい -polite
適当, てきとう -suitability
手伝う, てつだう -to assist
手袋, てぶくろ -glove
寺, てら -temple
点, てん -point,dot
店員, てんいん -shop assistant
天気予報, てんきよほう -weather forecast
電灯, でんとう -electric light
電報, でんぽう -telegram
展覧会, てんらんかい -exhibition
都, と -metropolitan
道具, どうぐ -tool,means
とうとう -finally, after all
動物園, どうぶつえん -zoo
遠く, とおく -distant
通る, とおる -to go through
特に, とくに -particularly,especially
特別, とくべつ -special
とこや -barber
途中, とちゅう -on the way
特急, とっきゅう -limited express train (faster than an express train)
届ける, とどける -to send, to deliver, to report
泊まる, とまる -to lodge at
止める, とめる -to stop something
取り替える, とりかえる -to exchange
泥棒, どろぼう -thief
どんどん -more and more
直す, なおす -to fix,to repair
直る, なおる -to be fixed,to be repaired
治る, なおる -to be cured,to heal
泣く, なく -to weep
無くなる, なくなる -to disappear,to get lost
亡くなる, なくなる -to die
投げる, なげる -to throw or cast away
なさる -(respectful) to do
鳴る, なる -to sound
なるべく -as much as possible
なるほど -now I understand
慣れる, なれる -to grow accustomed to
苦い, にがい -bitter
二階建て, にかいだて -two storied
逃げる, にげる -to escape
日記, にっき -journal
入院, にゅういんする -to hospitalise, hospitalisation
入学, にゅうがくする -to enter school or university
似る, にる -to be similar
人形, にんぎょう -doll, figure
盗む, ぬすむ -to steal
塗る, ぬる -to paint, to colour, to plaster
ぬれる -to get wet
ねだん -price
熱, ねつ -fever
寝坊, ねぼう -sleeping in late
眠い, ねむい -sleepy
眠る, ねむる -to sleep
残る, のこる -to remain
乗り換える, のりかえる -to change between buses or trains
乗り物, のりもの -vehicle
葉, は -leaf
場合, ばあい -situation
倍, ばい -double
拝見, はいけんする -(humble) to look at
歯医者, はいしゃ -dentist
運ぶ, はこぶ -to transport
始める, はじめる -to begin
場所, ばしょ -location
はず -it should be so
恥ずかしい, はずかしい -embarrassed
発音, はつおん -pronunciation
はっきり -clearly
花見, はなみ -cherry-blossom viewing
林, はやし -woods,forester
払う, はらう -to pay
番組, ばんぐみ -television or radio program
反対, はんたい -opposition
日, ひ -day, sun
火, ひ -fire
冷える, ひえる -to grow cold
光, ひかり -light
光る, ひかる -to shine,to glitter
引き出し, ひきだし -drawer,drawing out
ひきだす -to withdraw
ひげ -beard
飛行場, ひこうじょう -airport
久しぶり, ひさしぶり -after a long time
美術館, びじゅつかん -art gallery
非常に, ひじょうに -extremely
引っ越す, ひっこす -to move house
必要, ひつよう -necessary
ひどい -awful
開く, ひらく -to open an event
昼間, ひるま -daytime,during the day
昼休み, ひるやすみ -noon break
拾う, ひろう -to pick up,to gather
増える, ふえる -to increase
深い, ふかい -deep
複雑, ふくざつ -complexity,complication
復習, ふくしゅう -revision
部長, ぶちょう -head of a section
普通, ふつう -usually, or a train that stops at every station
ぶどう -grapes
太る, ふとる -to become fat
布団, ふとん -Japanese bedding, futon
舟, ふね -ship
不便, ふべん -inconvenience
踏む, ふむ -to step on
降り出す, ふりだす -to start to rain
文化, ぶんか -culture
文学, ぶんがく -literature
文法, ぶんぽう -grammar
別, べつ -different
変, へん -strange
返事, へんじ -reply
貿易, ぼうえき -trade
法律, ほうりつ -law
僕, ぼく -I (used by males)
星, ほし -star
ほとんど -mostly
ほめる -to praise
翻訳, ほんやく -translation
参る, まいる -(humble) to go,to come
負ける, まける -to lose
または -or,otherwise
間違える, まちがえる -to make a mistake
間に合う, まにあう -to be in time for
周り, まわり -surroundings
回る, まわる -to go around
漫画, まんが -comic
真中, まんなか -middle
見える, みえる -to be in sight
湖, みずうみ -lake
味噌, みそ -miso, soybean paste
見つかる, みつかる -to be discovered
見つける, みつける -to discover
皆, みな -everybody
港, みなと -harbour
向かう, むかう -to face
迎える, むかえる -to go out to meet
昔, むかし -old times, old days, long ago, formerly
虫, むし -insect
息子, むすこ -(humble) son
娘, むすめ -(humble) daughter
無理, むり -impossible
召し上がる, めしあがる -(polite) to eat
珍しい, めずらしい -rare
申し上げる, もうしあげる -(humble) to say,to tell
申す, もうす -(humble) to be called,to say
もうすぐ -soon
もし -if
戻る, もどる -to turn back
木綿, もめん -cotton
森, もり -forest
焼く, やく -to bake,to grill
約束, やくそく -promise
役に立つ, やくにたつ -to be helpful
焼ける, やける -to burn,to be roasted
優しい, やさしい -kind
痩せる, やせる -to become thin
やっと -at last
止む, やむ -to stop
止める, やめる -to stop
柔らかい, やわらかい -soft
湯, ゆ -hot water
指, ゆび -finger
指輪, ゆびわ -a ring
夢, ゆめ -dream
揺れる, ゆれる -to shake,to sway
用, よう -use
用意, ようい -preparation
用事, ようじ -things to do
汚れる, よごれる -to get dirty
予習, よしゅう -preparation for a lesson
予定, よてい -arrangement
予約, よやく -reservation
寄る, よる -to visit
喜ぶ, よろこぶ -to be delighted
理由, りゆう -reason
利用, りよう -utilization
両方, りょうほう -both sides
旅館, りょかん -Japanese hotel
留守, るす -absence
冷房, れいぼう -air conditioning
歴史, れきし -history
連絡, れんらく -contact
沸かす, わかす -to boil,to heat
別れる, わかれる -to separate
沸く, わく -to boil, to grow hot,to get excited
訳, わけ -meaning,reason
忘れ物, わすれもの -lost article
笑う, わらう -to laugh,to smile
割合, わりあい -rate,ratio,percentage
割れる, われる -to break
アクセサリー -accessory
アジア -Asia
アナウンサー -announcer
アフリカ -Africa
アメリカ -America
アルコール -alcohol
アルバイト -part-time job
エスカレーター -escalator
オートバイ -motorcycle
カーテン -curtain
ガス -gas
ガソリン -petrol
ガソリンスタンド -petrol station
ガラス -a glass pane
ケーキ -cake
消しゴム, けしゴム -eraser, rubber
コンサート -concert
コンピューター -computer
サラダ -salad
サンダル -sandal
サンドイッチ -sandwich
ジャム -jam
スーツ -suit
スーツケース -suitcase
スクリーン -screen
ステーキ -steak
ステレオ -stereo
ソフト -soft
タイプ -type,style
チェックする -to check
テキスト -text,text book
テニス -tennis
パート -part time
パソコン -personal computer
ハンドバッグ -handbag
ピアノ -piano
ビル -building or bill
ファックス -fax
プレゼント -present
ベル -bell
レジ -register
レポート / リポート -report
ワープロ -word processor | 18,888 | Common Lisp | .l | 582 | 20.718213 | 63 | 0.762252 | erikmcguire/cl-shiritori | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:19 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 33c9d5bd87b3628436a3d6fc6cb66328385814f08e1c0a3a9d0951b37253aa20 | 32,708 | [
-1
] |
32,709 | jlptn1.txt | erikmcguire_cl-shiritori/datasets/jlptn1.txt | アイデア -idea
アクセル -accelerator
アップ -up
アプローチ -approach (in golf)
アマチュア -amateur
アラブ -Arab
アルカリ -alkali
アルミ -aluminum (Al), aluminium
アワー -hour
アンケート -(fr:) (n) questionnaire (fr: enquete), survey
アンコール -encore
イエス -Jesus, yes
インターチェンジ -interchange
インターナショナル -international
インターフォン -intercom
インテリ -egghead, intelligentsia
インフォメーション -information
インフレ -inflation
ウェートレス -waitress
エアメール -air mail
エレガント -elegant
エンジニア -engineer
オーケー -OK
オートマチック -automatic
オープン -open
オリエンテーション -orientation
オレンジ -an orange
オンライン -on-line
カーペット -carpet
カクテル -cocktail
カット -cut, cutting
カテゴリー -category
カムバック -comeback
カメラマン -cameraman
カルテ -(de:) (n) clinical records (de: Karte)
カンニング -cunning, cheat
ガイド -tour guide
ガイドブック -guidebook
ガレージ -garage (at house)
キャッチ -catch
キャリア -career, career government employee
クイズ -quiz
クラブ -club, crab
クレーン -crane
グラフ -graph
グレー -grey, gray
ゲスト -guest
コーナー -corner
コマーシャル -a commercial
コミュニケーション -communication
コメント -comment
コンタクト -contact, contact lens
コンテスト -contest
コントラスト -contrast
コントロール -control
コンパス -compass
サイクル -cycle
サイズ -size
サボる -to be truant, to be idle, to sabotage by slowness
サンキュー -thank you
サンタクロース -Santa Claus
シート -seat, sheet
システム -system
シック -chic
シナリオ -scenario
ショー -show
ショック -shock
ジーパン -jeans (lit: jeans pants), dungarees
ジャズ -jazz
ジャンパー -jacket, jumper
ジャンプ -jump
ジャンボ -jumbo
ジャンル -genre
スタジオ -studio
スチーム -steam
ストライキ -strike
ストレス -stress
ストロー -straw
ストロボ -stroboscope (lit: strobo), strobe lamp, stroboscopic lamp
スピード -speed
スプリング -spring
スペース -space
スポーツカー -sports car
スラックス -slacks
セール -sale
セクション -section
セックス -sexual intercourse
セレモニー -ceremony
センス -good sense (for music style tact etc.)
ゼリー -1. jelly, 2. Jerry
ソース -source
ソックス -socks
ソロ -solo
タイトル -title
タイピスト -typist
タイマー -timer
タイミング -timing
タイム -time
タイムリー -timely, run-batted-in (baseball), RBI
タイヤ -tire, tyre
タイル -tile
タレント -talent, star, personality
タワー -tower
ダース -dozen
ダウン -down
ダブる -to coincide (fall on the same day), to have two of something, to repeat a school year after failing
ダンプ -dump
チームワーク -teamwork
チェンジ -change
チャイム -chime
チャンネル -a channel
ティッシュペーパー -tissue paper
テレックス -telex, teletypewriter exchange
データ -data
デコレーション -decoration
デザート -dessert
デザイン -design
デッサン -(fr:) (n) rough sketch (fr: dessin)
デモンストレーション -demonstration
トーン -tone
トラブル -trouble (sometimes used as a verb)
トランジスター -transistor
ドライ -dry
ドライクリーニング -dry cleaning
ドライバー -driver, screwdriver
ドライブイン -drive in
ドリル -drill
ナイター -game under lights (e.g. baseball) (lit: nighter), night game
ナプキン -napkin
ナンセンス -nonsense
ニュー -new
ニュアンス -nuance
ネガ -(photographic) negative
ノイローゼ -(de:) (n) neurosis (de: Neurose)
ハンガー -hangar, (coat) hanger, hunger
バー -bar
バッジ -badge
バット -bat, vat
パジャマ -pajamas, pyjamas
パチンコ -pachinko (Japanese pinball)
パトカー -patrol car
パンク -1. (abbr) puncture, bursting, 2. punk
ヒント -hint
ビールス -virus
ビジネス -business
ファイト -fight
ファイル -file
ファン -fan, fun
フィルター -(camera) filter
フェリー -ferry
フォーム -foam, form
フロント -front
ブーツ -boots
ブーム -boom
ブザー -buzzer
ブルー -blue
ベース -base, bass
ベスト -best, vest
ベストセラー -best-seller
ペア -pair, pear
ホース -hose
ホール -hall, hole
ボイコット -boycott
ボルト -volt, bolt
ポーズ -pause
ポイント -point
ポジション -position
ポット -pot
ポンプ -pump
マーク -mark
マスコミ -mass communication
マッサージ -massage
ミスプリント -misprint
ミセス -Mrs.
ミュージック -music
ミリ -milli-, 10^-3
ムード -mood
メーカー -maker
メッセージ -message
メディア -media
メロディー -melody
モーテル -motel
モニター -(computer) monitor
ヤング -young
ユニーク -unique
ユニフォーム -uniform
ライス -rice
ラベル -label
ランプ -lamp, ramp, headlight, light
ルーズ -loose
ルール -rule
レース -race, lace
レギュラー -regular
レクリエーション -recreation
レッスン -lesson
レディー -lady
レバー -lever, liver
レンジ -range, stove
レンタカー -hire car (lit: rent-a-car)
レントゲン -X-ray (lit: Roentgen)
ロープ -rope
ローマ字, ローマじ -romanization, Roman letters
ロマンチック -romantic
ワット -watt
嗚呼, ああ -Ah!, Oh!, Alas!
相, あい -together, mutually, fellow
相変わらず, あいかわらず -as ever, as usual, the same
愛想, あいそ -civility, courtesy, compliments, sociability, graces
相対, あいたい -confrontation, facing, between ourselves, no third party, tete-a-tete
間柄, あいだがら -relation(ship)
愛憎, あいにく -likes and dislikes
合間, あいま -interval
曖昧, あいまい -vague, ambiguous
敢えて, あえて -dare (to do), challenge (to do)
仰ぐ, あおぐ -to look up (to), to respect, to depend on, to ask for, to seek, to revere, to drink, to take
垢, あか -dirt, filth
亜科, あか -suborder, subfamily
銅, あかがね -copper
証, あかし -proof, evidence
赤字, あかじ -deficit, go in the red
明かす, あかす -to pass, spend, to reveal, to divulge
赤ちゃん, あかちゃん -baby, infant
明白, あからさま -obvious, overt, plainly, frankly
赤らむ, あからむ -to become red, to redden, to blush
明るい, あかるい -bright, cheerful
上がり, あがり -1. slope, advance income, crop yield, ascent, rise, advance, death, spinning, completion, stop, finish, after
上がる, あがる -to enter, to go up, to rise, to climb up, to advance, to appreciate, to be promoted, to improve, to call on,
商人, あきうど -trader, shopkeeper, merchant
空間, あきま -vacancy, room for rent or lease
諦め, あきらめ -resignation, acceptance, consolation
呆れる, あきれる -to be amazed, to be shocked
悪, あく -evil, wickedness
灰, あく -puckery juice
あくどい -1. gaudy, showy, excessive, 2. vicious
悪日, あくび -unlucky day
明くる, あくる -next, following
憧れ, あこがれ -yearning, longing, aspiration
顎, あご -chin
麻, あさ -flax, linen, hemp
明後日, あさって -day after tomorrow
朝寝坊, あさねぼう -oversleeping, late riser
浅ましい, あさましい -wretched, miserable, shameful, mean, despicable, abject
字, あざ -section of village
欺く, あざむく -to deceive
鮮やか, あざやか -vivid, clear, brilliant
あざ笑う, あざわらう -to sneer at, to ridicule
味わい, あじわい -flavour, meaning, significance
東, あずま -east, Eastern Japan
焦る, あせる -to be in a hurry, to be impatient
彼処, あそこ -1. (uk) there, over there, that place, 2. (X) (col) genitals
値, あたい -value, price, cost, worth, merit
値する, あたいする -to be worth, to deserve, to merit
私, あたし -I (fem)
当たり, あたり -hit, success, reaching the mark, per ..., vicinity, neighborhood
当たり前, あたりまえ -usual, common, ordinary, natural, reasonable, obvious
他人, あだびと -another person, unrelated person, outsider, stranger
彼方此方, あちこち -here and there
彼方, あちら -1. there, yonder, that
彼方此方, あちらこちら -here and there
悪化, あっか -deterioration, growing worse, aggravation, degeneration, corruption
呆気ない, あっけない -not enough, too quick (short long etc.)
悪口, あっこう -abuse, insult, slander, evil speaking
あっさり -easily, readily, quickly
圧迫, あっぱく -pressure, coercion, oppression
扱い, あつかい -treatment, service
集まる, あつまる -to gather, to collect, to assemble
誂える, あつらえる -to give an order, to place an order
圧力, あつりょく -stress, pressure
当て, あて -object, aim, end, hopes, expectations
宛, あて -addressed to
当て字, あてじ -phonetic-equivalent character, substitute character
当てはまる, あてはまる -to apply (a rule)
当てはめる, あてはめる -to apply, to adapt
宛てる, あてる -to address
跡継ぎ, あとつぎ -heir, successor
後回し, あとまわし -putting off, postponing
貴女, あなた -you, lady
彼の, あの -that over there
溢れる, あふれる -to flood, to overflow, to brim over
油絵, あぶらえ -oil painting
炙る, あぶる -to scorch
あべこべ -contrary, opposite, inverse
甘える, あまえる -to behave like a spoiled child, to fawn on
甘口, あまくち -sweet flavour, mildness, flattery, stupidity
雨具, あまぐ -rain gear
天, あまつ -heavenly, imperial
網, あみ -net, network
天地, あめつち -heaven and earth, the universe, nature, top and bottom, realm, sphere, world
操る, あやつる -to manipulate, to operate, to pull strings
あやふや -uncertain, vague, ambiguous
危ぶむ, あやぶむ -to fear, to have misgivings, to be doubtful, to mistrust
過ち, あやまち -fault, error, indiscretion
誤る, あやまる -to make a mistake
歩み, あゆみ -walking
歩む, あゆむ -to walk, to go on foot
あら -oh, ah, saw-edged perch (Niphon spinosus)
予め, あらかじめ -beforehand, in advance, previously
荒らす, あらす -to lay waste, to devastate, to damage, to invade, to break into
粗筋, あらすじ -outline, summary
争い, あらそい -dispute, strife, quarrel, dissension, conflict, rivalry, contest
改まる, あらたまる -to be renewed
荒っぽい, あらっぽい -rough, rude
凡ゆる, あらゆる -all, every
あられ -kind of cookie, cartoon character
現われ, あらわれ -embodiment, materialization
現われる, あらわれる -to appear, to come in sight, to become visible, to come out, to embody, to materialize, to express oneself
有難う, ありがとう -Thank you
有様, ありさま -state, condition, circumstances, the way things are or should be, truth
有りのまま, ありのまま -the truth, fact, as it is, frankly
或る, ある -a certain..., some...
或いは, あるいは -or, possibly
彼此, あれこれ -one thing or another, this and that, this or that
合わす, あわす -to join together, to face, to unite, to be opposite, to combine, to connect, to add up, to mix, to match, to
合わせ, あわせ -joint together, opposite, facing
慌ただしい, あわただしい -busy, hurried, confused, flurried
慌てる, あわてる -to become confused (disconcerted disorganized)
暗殺, あんさつ -assassination
暗算, あんざん -mental arithmetic
暗示, あんじ -hint, suggestion
案じる, あんじる -to be anxious, to ponder
安静, あんせい -rest
案の定, あんのじょう -sure enough, as usual
余り, あんまり -not very (this form only used as adverb), not much, remainder, rest, remnant, surplus, balance, excess, rema
依, い -depending on
良い, いい -good
伊井, いい -that one, Italy
否, いいえ -no, nay, yes, well
いい加減, いいかげん -moderate, right, random, not thorough, vague, irresponsible, halfhearted
言い訳, いいわけ -excuse, explanation
家出, いえで -running away from home, leaving home
家主, いえぬし -landlord
如何, いかが -how, in what way
生かす, いかす -to revive, to resuscitate, to make use of
雷, いかずち -thunder
如何に, いかに -how?, in what way?, how much?, however, whatever
如何にも, いかにも -indeed, really, phrase meaning agreement
怒り, いかり -anger, hatred
怒る, いかる -to get angry, to be angry
歪む, いがむ -to warp, to swerve, to deflect, to be crooked, to be distorted, to be bent, to incline, to slant, to be perv
粋, いき -chic, style, purity, essence
域外, いきがい -outside the area
意気込む, いきごむ -to be enthusiastic about
経緯, いきさつ -1. details, whole story, sequence of events, particulars, how it started, how things got this way, 2. c
行き違い, いきちがい -misunderstanding, estrangement, disagreement, crossing without meeting, going astray
行き成り, いきなり -suddenly
異議, いぎ -objection, dissent, protest
いく -to come, to orgasm
軍, いくさ -war, battle, campaign, fight
戦, いくさ -war, battle, campaign, fight
育成, いくせい -rearing, training, nurture, cultivation, promotion
幾多, いくた -many, numerous
活ける, いける -to arrange (flowers)
異見, いけん -different opinion, objection
意向, いこう -intention, idea, inclination
移行, いこう -switching over to
いざ -now, come (now), well, crucial moment
碑, いしぶみ -stone monument bearing an inscription
衣装, いしょう -clothing, costume, outfit, garment, dress
意地, いじ -disposition, spirit, willpower, obstinacy, backbone, appetite
苛める, いじめる -to tease, to torment, to persecute, to chastise
移住, いじゅう -migration, immigration
弄る, いじる -to touch, to tamper with
何れ, いずれ -where, which, who, anyway, anyhow, at any rate
異性, いせい -the opposite sex
遺跡, いせき -historic ruins (remains relics)
依然, いぜん -still, as yet
依存, いそん -dependence, dependent, reliance
委託, いたく -consign (goods (for sale) to a firm), entrust (person with something), commit
悪戯, いたずら -tease, prank, trick, practical joke, mischief
頂, いただき -(top of) head, summit, spire
戴きます, いただきます -expression of gratitude before meals
至って, いたって -very much, exceedingly, extremely
痛む, いたむ -to hurt, to feel a pain, to be injured
痛める, いためる -to hurt, to injure, to cause pain, to worry, to bother, to afflict, to be grieved over
炒める, いためる -to stir-fry
労る, いたわる -to pity, to sympathize with, to console, to care for, to be kind to
市, いち -market, fair
位地, いち -place, situation, position, location
一々, いちいち -one by one, separately
一概に, いちがいに -unconditionally, as a rule
一見, いちげん -unfamiliar, never before met
一言, いちげん -single word
一日, いちじつ -(1) one day, (2) first of month
一定, いちじょう -fixed, settled, definite, uniform, regularized, defined, standardized, certain, prescribed
著しい, いちじるしい -remarkable, considerable
一同, いちどう -all present, all concerned, all of us
一人, いちにん -one person
一部, いちぶ -1. one copy e.g. of a document, 2. a part, partly, some
一部分, いちぶぶん -a part
一別, いちべつ -parting
一面, いちめん -one side, one phase, front page, the other hand, the whole surface
一目, いちもく -a glance, a look, a glimpse
一様, いちよう -uniformity, evenness, similarity, equality, impartiality
一律, いちりつ -evenness, uniformity, monotony, equality
一連, いちれん -a series, a chain, a ream (of paper)
一括, いっかつ -all together, batch, one lump, one bundle, summing up
一気, いっき -drink!(said repeatedly as a party cheer)
一挙に, いっきょに -at a stroke, with a single swoop
一切, いっさい -all, everything, without exception, the whole, entirely, absolutely
一心, いっしん -one mind, wholeheartedness, the whole heart
いっそ -rather, sooner, might as well
一帯, いったい -a region, a zone, the whole place
一敗, いっぱい -one defeat
一変, いっぺん -complete change, about-face
何時, いつ -when, how soon
何時か, いつか -sometime, someday, one day, some time or other, the other day, in due course, in time
何時でも, いつでも -(at) any time, always, at all times, never (neg), whenever
何時の間にか, いつのまにか -before one knows, unnoticed, unawares
何時までも, いつまでも -forever, for good, eternally, as long as one likes, indefinitely
何時も, いつも -always, usually, every time, never (with neg. verb)
意図, いと -intention, aim, design
営む, いとなむ -to carry on (e.g. in ceremony), to run a business
暇, いとま -free time, leisure, leave, spare time, farewell
異動, いどう -a change
挑む, いどむ -to challenge, to contend for, to make love to
稲光, いなびかり -(flash of) lightning
古, いにしえ -antiquity, ancient times
祈り, いのり -prayer, supplication
鼾, いびき -snoring
今更, いまさら -now, at this late hour
未だ, いまだ -as yet, hitherto, not yet (neg)
移民, いみん -emigration, immigration, emigrant, immigrant
厭々, いやいや -unwillingly, grudgingly, shaking head in refusal (to children)
卑しい, いやしい -greedy, vulgar, shabby, humble, base, mean, vile
いやに -awfully, terribly
厭やらしい, いやらしい -detestable, disagreeable
愈々, いよいよ -more and more, all the more, increasingly, at last, beyond doubt
意欲, いよく -will, desire, ambition
苛々, いらいら -getting nervous, irritation
入口, いりくち -entrance, gate, approach, mouth
衣料, いりょう -clothing
威力, いりょく -power, might, authority, influence
入る, いる -to get in, to go in, to come in, to flow into, to set, to set in
衣類, いるい -clothes, clothing, garments
色々, いろいろ -various
異論, いろん -different opinion, objection
所謂, いわゆる -the so-called, so to speak
印, いん -seal, stamp, mark, print
員, いん -member
印鑑, いんかん -stamp, seal
陰気, いんき -gloom, melancholy
隠居, いんきょ -retirement, retired person
上下, うえした -high and low, up and down, unloading and loading, praising and blaming
浮かぶ, うかぶ -to float, to rise to surface, to come to mind
受かる, うかる -to pass (examination)
含嗽, うがい -gargle, rinse mouth
受け入れ, うけいれ -receiving, acceptance
受け入れる, うけいれる -to accept, to receive
受け継ぐ, うけつぐ -to inherit, to succeed, to take over
受け付ける, うけつける -to be accepted, to receive (an application)
受け止める, うけとめる -to catch, to stop the blow, to react to, to take
受け取り, うけとり -receipt
受身, うけみ -passive, passive voice
動き, うごき -movement, activity, trend, development, change
潮, うしお -tide
氏, うじ -family name
渦, うず -swirl
埋まる, うずまる -to be buried, to be surrounded, to overflow, to be filled
嘘つき, うそつき -liar (sometimes said with not much seriousness), fibber
打ち合わせ, うちあわせ -business meeting, previous arrangement, appointment
打ち合わせる, うちあわせる -to knock together, to arrange
打ち切る, うちきる -to stop, to abort, to discontinue, to close
打ち消し, うちけし -negation, denial, negative
打ち込む, うちこむ -to drive in (e.g. nail stake), to devote oneself to, to shoot into, to smash, to throw into, to cast int
団扇, うちわ -fan
内訳, うちわけ -the items, breakdown, classification
訴え, うったえ -lawsuit, complaint
鬱陶しい, うっとうしい -gloomy, depressing
写し, うつし -copy, duplicate, facsimile, transcript
空ろ, うつろ -blank, cavity, hollow, empty (space)
器, うつわ -bowl, vessel, container
雨天, うてん -rainy weather
腕前, うでまえ -ability, skill, facility
饂飩, うどん -noodles (Japanese)
促す, うながす -to urge, to press, to suggest, to demand, to stimulate, to quicken, to incite, to invite (attention to)
唸る, うなる -to groan, to moan, to roar, to howl, to growl, to hum, to buzz, to sough
自惚れ, うぬぼれ -pretension, conceit, hubris
甘い, うまい -delicious
生まれつき, うまれつき -by nature, by birth, native
海路, うみじ -sea route
産む, うむ -to give birth, to deliver, to produce
埋め込む, うめこむ -to bury
梅干, うめぼし -dried plum
末, うら -top end, tip
裏返し, うらがえし -inside out, upside down
売り出し, うりだし -(bargain) sale
売り出す, うりだす -to put on sale, to market, to become popular
潤う, うるおう -to be moist, to be damp, to get wet, to profit by, to be watered, to receive benefits, to favor, to charm, t
五月蝿い, うるさい -noisy, loud, fussy
売れ行き, うれゆき -sales
浮気, うわき -flighty, fickle, wanton, unfaithful
上手, うわて -1. upper part, upper stream, left side (of a stage), 2. skillful (only in comparisons), dexterity (on
上回る, うわまわる -to exceed
植わる, うわる -to be planted
運営, うんえい -management, administration, operation
うんざり -tedious, boring, being fed up with
運送, うんそう -shipping, marine transportation
運賃, うんちん -freight rates, shipping expenses, fare
云々, うんぬん -and so on, and so forth, comment
運搬, うんぱん -transport, carriage
運命, うんめい -fate
運輸, うんゆ -transportation
運用, うんよう -making use of, application, investment, practical use
会, え -understanding
重, え --fold, -ply
えい -ray (fish)
映写, えいしゃ -projection
英字, えいじ -English letter (character)
衛生, えいせい -health, hygiene, sanitation, medical
映像, えいぞう -reflection, image
英雄, えいゆう -hero, great man
液, えき -liquid, fluid
役, えき -war, campaign, battle
閲覧, えつらん -inspection, reading
獲物, えもの -game, spoils, trophy
襟, えり -neck, collar, lapel, neckband
縁, えん -chance, fate, destiny, relation, bonds, connection, karma
塩, えん -salt
艶, えん -charming, fascinating, voluptuous
園, えん -garden (esp. man-made)
円滑, えんかつ -harmony, smoothness
縁側, えんがわ -veranda, porch, balcony, open corridor
沿岸, えんがん -coast, shore
婉曲, えんきょく -euphemistic, circumlocution, roundabout, indirect, insinuating
演習, えんしゅう -practice, exercises, manoeuvers
演出, えんしゅつ -production (e.g. play), direction
演じる, えんじる -to perform (a play), to play (a part), to act (a part), to commit (a blunder)
演ずる, えんずる -to perform, to play
沿線, えんせん -along railway line
縁談, えんだん -marriage proposal, engagement
遠方, えんぽう -long way, distant place
円満, えんまん -perfection, harmony, peace, smoothness, completeness, satisfaction, integrity
尾, お -tail, ridge
於, お -at, in, on
甥, おい -nephew
追い込む, おいこむ -to herd, to corner, to drive
美味しい, おいしい -delicious, tasty
追い出す, おいだす -to expel, to drive out
於いて, おいて -at, in, on
お出でになる, おいでになる -to be
老いる, おいる -to age, to grow old
負う, おう -to bear, to owe
応急, おうきゅう -emergency
黄金, おうごん -gold
黄色, おうしょく -yellow
応募, おうぼ -subscription, application
おおい -hey!
大方, おおかた -perhaps, almost all, majority
大柄, おおがら -large build, large pattern
大げさ, おおげさ -grandiose, exaggerated
大事, おおごと -important, valuable, serious matter
大ざっぱ, おおざっぱ -rough (as in not precise), broad, sketchy
大筋, おおすじ -outline, summary
大空, おおぞら -heaven, firmament, the sky
大幅, おおはば -full width, large scale, drastic
大水, おおみず -flood
公, おおやけ -official, public, formal, open, governmental
お蔭, おかげ -(your) backing, assistance
お蔭様で, おかげさまで -Thanks to god, thanks to you
可笑しい, おかしい -strange, funny, amusing, ridiculous
犯す, おかす -to commit, to perpetrate, to violate, to rape
侵す, おかす -to invade, to raid, to trespass, to violate, to intrude on
お菜, おかず -side dish, accompaniment for rice dishes
臆病, おくびょう -cowardice, timidity
遅らす, おくらす -to retard, to delay
遅れ, おくれ -delay, lag
起こす, おこす -to raise, to cause, to wake someone
行い, おこない -deed, conduct, behavior, action, asceticism
厳か, おごそか -austere, majestic, dignified, stately, awful, impressive
傲る, おごる -to be proud
長, おさ -chief, head
押さえる, おさえる -to stop, to restrain, to seize, to repress, to suppress, to press down
お先に, おさきに -before, ahead, previously
収まる, おさまる -to be obtained, to end, to settle into, to fit into, to be settled, to be paid, to be delivered
納まる, おさまる -to be obtained, to end, to settle into, to fit into, to be settled, to be paid, to be delivered
治まる, おさまる -to be at peace, to clamp down, to lessen (storm terror anger)
お産, おさん -(giving) birth
教え, おしえ -teachings, precept, lesson, doctrine
押し込む, おしこむ -to push into, to crowd into
惜しむ, おしむ -to be frugal, to value, to regret
お喋り, おしゃべり -chattering, talk, idle talk, chat, chitchat, gossip, chatty, talkative, chatterbox, blabbermouth
お洒落, おしゃれ -smartly dressed, someone smartly dressed, fashion-conscious
押し寄せる, おしよせる -to push aside, to advance on
お祖父さん, おじいさん -grandfather, male senior-citizen
お邪魔します, おじゃまします -Excuse me for disturbing (interrupting) you
雄, おす -male (animal)
お世辞, おせじ -flattery, compliment
襲う, おそう -to attack
遅くとも, おそくとも -at the latest
恐らく, おそらく -perhaps
恐れ, おそれ -fear, horror
恐れ入る, おそれいる -to be filled with awe, to feel small, to be amazed, to be surprised, to be disconcerted, to be sorry, to b
お大事に, おだいじに -Take care of yourself
煽てる, おだてる -to stir up, to instigate, to flatter
落ち込む, おちこむ -to fall into, to feel down (sad)
落ち着き, おちつき -calm, composure
落ち葉, おちば -fallen leaves, leaf litter, defoliation, shedding leaves
落ちる, おちる -to fail (e.g. exam), to fall down, to drop
おっかない -frightening, huge
仰っしゃる, おっしゃる -to say, to speak, to tell, to talk
乙, おつ -1. strange, quaint, stylish, chic, spicy, queer, witty, tasty, romantic, 2. 2nd in rank, second sign of the
お使い, おつかい -errand
お手上げ, おてあげ -all over, given in, given up hope, bring to knees
御手洗い, おてあらい -toilet, restroom, lavatory, bathroom (US)
弟, おと -younger brother
落とす, おとす -to drop, to lose, to let fall
訪れる, おとずれる -to visit
大人しい, おとなしい -obedient, docile, quiet
少女, おとめ -daughter, young lady, virgin, maiden, little girl
お供, おとも -attendant, companion
衰える, おとろえる -to become weak, to decline, to wear, to abate, to decay, to wither, to waste away
おどおど -coweringly, hesitantly
脅かす, おどかす -to threaten, to coerce
脅す, おどす -to threaten, to menace
驚き, おどろき -surprise, astonishment, wonder
同い年, おないどし -of the same age
女子, おなご -woman, girl
お願いします, おねがいします -please
各, おのおの -each, every, either, respectively, severally
自ずから, おのずから -naturally, as a matter of course
お早う, おはよう -Good morning
お祖母さん, おばあさん -grandmother, female senior-citizen
怯える, おびえる -to become frightened, to have a nightmare
夥しい, おびただしい -abundantly, innumerably
帯びる, おびる -to wear, to carry, to be entrusted, to have, to take on, to have a trace of, to be tinged with
覚え, おぼえ -memory, sense, experience
御負け, おまけ -1. a discount, a prize, 2. something additional, bonus, an extra, 3. an exaggeration
お巡りさん, おまわりさん -policeman (friendly term)
お宮, おみや -Shinto shrine
お襁褓, おむつ -diaper, nappy
お目出度う, おめでとう -(ateji) (int) (uk) Congratulations!, an auspicious occasion!
面, おも -face
思い付き, おもいつき -plan, idea, suggestion
面白い, おもしろい -interesting, amusing
玩具, おもちゃ -toy
重なる, おもなる -main, principal, important
趣, おもむき -meaning, tenor, gist, effect, appearance, taste, grace, charm, refinement
赴く, おもむく -to go, to proceed, to repair to, to become
重役, おもやく -heavy responsibilities, director
重んじる, おもんじる -to respect, to honor, to esteem, to prize
重んずる, おもんずる -to honor, to respect, to esteem, to prize
お休み, おやすみ -holiday, absence, rest, Good night
お八, おやつ -1. (uk) between meal snack, afternoon refreshment, afternoon tea, 2. mid-day snack
凡そ, およそ -about, roughly, as a rule, approximately
及び, および -and, as well as
及ぶ, およぶ -to reach, to come up to, to amount to, to befall, to happen to, to extend, to match, to equal
織, おり -weave, weaving, woven item
檻, おり -cage, pen, jail cell
折り返す, おりかえす -to turn up, to fold back
織物, おりもの -textile, fabric
織る, おる -to weave
俺, おれ -I (ego) (boastful first-person pronoun)
愚か, おろか -foolish, stupid
疎か, おろそか -neglect, negligence, carelessness
終わる, おわる -to finish, to close
音色, おんいろ -tone color, tone quality, timbre, synthesizer patch
温和, おんわ -gentle, mild, moderate
仮, か -tentative, provisional
科, か -department, section
個, か -article counter
下位, かい -low rank, subordinate, lower order (e.g. byte)
改悪, かいあく -deterioration, changing for the worse
海運, かいうん -maritime, marine transportation
改革, かいかく -reform, reformation, innovation
貝殻, かいがら -shell
階級, かいきゅう -class, rank, grade
海峡, かいきょう -channel
会見, かいけん -interview, audience
介護, かいご -nursing
開催, かいさい -holding a meeting, open an exhibition
回収, かいしゅう -collection, recovery
改修, かいしゅう -repair, improvement
怪獣, かいじゅう -monster
解除, かいじょ -cancellation, rescinding, release, calling off
回送, かいそう -forwarding
階層, かいそう -class, level, stratum, hierarchy
開拓, かいたく -reclamation (of wasteland), cultivation, pioneer
会談, かいだん -conversation, conference, discussion, interview
改定, かいてい -reform
改訂, かいてい -revision
街道, かいどう -highway
介入, かいにゅう -intervention
開発, かいはつ -development, exploitation
海抜, かいばつ -height above sea level
介抱, かいほう -nursing, looking after
解剖, かいぼう -dissection, autopsy
回覧, かいらん -circulation
海流, かいりゅう -ocean current
改良, かいりょう -improvement, reform
回路, かいろ -circuit (electric)
顧みる, かえりみる -to look back, to turn around, to review
省みる, かえりみる -to reflect
返る, かえる -to return, to come back, to go back
顔付き, かおつき -(outward) looks, features, face, countenance, expression
掲げる, かかげる -to publish, to print, to carry (an article), to put up, to hang out, to hoist, to fly (a sail), to float (a
踵, かかと -(shoe) heel
係り, かかり -official, duty, person in charge
課外, かがい -extracurricular
書き取り, かきとり -dictation
書き取る, かきとる -to write down, to take dictation, to take notes
掻き回す, かきまわす -to stir up, to churn, to ransack, to disturb
欠く, かく -to lack, to break, to crack, to chip
角, かく -1. angle, 2. bishop (shogi)
核, かく -nucleus, kernel
格, かく -status, character, case
佳句, かく -beautiful passage of literature
画, かく -stroke
格差, かくさ -qualitative difference, disparity
拡散, かくさん -scattering, diffusion
各種, かくしゅ -every kind, all sorts
隔週, かくしゅう -every other week
確信, かくしん -conviction, confidence
革新, かくしん -reform, innovation
確定, かくてい -definition (math), decision, settlement
獲得, かくとく -acquisition, possession
確保, かくほ -guarantee, ensure, maintain, insure, secure
革命, かくめい -revolution
確立, かくりつ -establishment
賭け, かけ -betting, gambling, a gamble
掛け, かけ -credit
駆け足, かけあし -running fast, double time
家計, かけい -household economy, family finances
駆けっこ, かけっこ -(foot) race
駆ける, かける -to run (race esp. horse), to gallop, to canter
賭ける, かける -to wager, to bet, to risk, to stake, to gamble
NAME?
加工, かこう -manufacturing, processing, treatment
化合, かごう -chemical combination
嵩張る, かさばる -to be bulky, to be unwieldy, to grow voluminous
嵩む, かさむ -to pile up, to increase
風車, かざぐるま -1. windmill, 2. pinwheel
畏まりました, かしこまりました -certainly!
華奢, かしゃ -luxury, pomp, delicate, slender, gorgeous
箇所, かしょ -passage, place, point, part
火傷, かしょう -burn, scald
箇条書き, かじょうがき -itemized form, itemization
噛る, かじる -to chew, to bite (at), to gnaw, to nibble, to munch, to crunch, to have a smattering of
微か, かすか -faint, dim, weak, indistinct, hazy, poor, wretched
霞む, かすむ -to grow hazy, to be misty
化する, かする -to change into, to convert into, to transform, to be reduced, to influence, to improve (someone)
擦る, かする -to touch lightly, to take a percentage (from)
火星, かせい -Mars (planet)
化石, かせき -fossil, petrifaction, fossilization
河川, かせん -rivers
化繊, かせん -synthetic fibres
過疎, かそ -depopulation
過多, かた -excess, superabundance
難い, かたい -difficult, hard
片思い, かたおもい -unrequited love
敵, かたき -enemy, rival
気質, かたぎ -spirit, character, trait, temperament, disposition
片言, かたこと -a smattering, talk like a baby, speak haltingly
片付け, かたづけ -tidying up, finishing
傾く, かたぶく -to incline toward, to slant, to lurch, to heel over, to be disposed to, to trend toward, to be prone to, to
傾ける, かたむける -to incline, to list, to bend, to lean, to tip, to tilt, to slant, to concentrate on, to ruin (a country), to
固める, かためる -to harden, to freeze, to fortify
偏る, かたよる -to be one-sided, to incline, to be partial, to be prejudiced, to lean, to be biased
傍ら, かたわら -beside(s), while, nearby
課題, かだい -subject, theme, task
花壇, かだん -flower bed
家畜, かちく -domestic animals, livestock, cattle
画期, かっき -epoch-making
活発, かっぱつ -vigor, active
且つ, かつ -yet, and
割, かつ -divide, cut, halve, separate, split, rip, break, crack, smash, dilute
嘗て, かつて -once, ever
日付, かづけ -date, dating
門, かど -gate
叶う, かなう -to come true (wish)
叶える, かなえる -to grant (request wish)
金槌, かなづち -1. (iron) hammer, 2. punishment
鉄棒, かなぼう -iron rod, crowbar, horizontal bar (gymnastics)
可成, かなり -considerably, fairly, quite
加入, かにゅう -becoming a member, joining, entry, admission, subscription, affiliation, adherence, signing
金庫, かねぐら -safe, vault, treasury, provider of funds
予言, かねごと -prediction, promise, prognostication
兼ねて, かねて -simultaneously
下番, かばん -going off duty
下品, かひん -inferior article
華美, かび -pomp, splendor, gaudiness
花粉, かふん -pollen
株式, かぶしき -stock (company)
気触れる, かぶれる -to react to, to be influenced by, to go overboard for
貨幣, かへい -money, currency, coinage
構え, かまえ -posture, pose, style
構える, かまえる -to set up
加味, かみ -seasoning, flavoring
噛み切る, かみきる -to bite off, to gnaw through
過密, かみつ -crowded
瓶, かめ -earthenware pot
かも知れない, かもしれない -may, might, perhaps, may be, possibly
粥, かゆ -(rice) gruel
痒い, かゆい -itchy, itching
揶揄う, からかう -to ridicule, to tease, to banter with, to make fun of
身体, からだ -the body
体付き, からだつき -body build, figure
絡む, からむ -to entangle, to entwine
借り, かり -borrowing, debt, loan
下吏, かり -lower official
加留多, かるた -(pt:) (n) playing cards (pt: carta)
涸れる, かれる -to dry up, to run out
過労, かろう -overwork, strain
辛うじて, かろうじて -barely, narrowly, just manage to do st
側, かわ -side, row, surroundings, part, (watch) case
可愛い, かわいい -pretty, cute, lovely, charming, dear, darling, pet
可愛がる, かわいがる -to love, to be affectionate
可哀想, かわいそう -poor, pitiable, pathetic
可愛らしい, かわいらしい -lovely, sweet
交わす, かわす -to exchange (messages), to dodge, to parry, to avoid, to turn aside
代わる, かわる -to take the place of, to relieve, to be substituted for, to be exchanged, to change places with, to take
代わる代わる, かわるがわる -alternately
乾, かん -heaven, emperor
管, かん -pipe, tube
幹, かん -(tree) trunk
冠, かん -crown, diadem, first, best, peerless, cap, naming, designating, initiating on coming of age, top character ra
観, かん -look, appearance, spectacle
館, かん -house, hall, building, hotel, inn, guesthouse
簡易, かんい -simplicity, easiness, quasi-
感慨, かんがい -strong feelings, deep emotion
寒気, かんき -cold, frost, chill
簡潔, かんけつ -brevity, conciseness, simplicity
還元, かんげん -resolution, reduction, return to origins
刊行, かんこう -publication, issue
慣行, かんこう -customary practice, habit, traditional event
勧告, かんこく -advice, counsel, remonstrance, recommendation
看護, かんご -nursing, (army) nurse
漢語, かんご -Chinese word, Sino-Japanese word
換算, かんさん -conversion, change, exchange
監視, かんし -observation, guarding, inspection, surveillance
慣習, かんしゅう -usual (historical) custom
観衆, かんしゅう -spectators, onlookers, members of the audience
干渉, かんしょう -interference, intervention
感触, かんしょく -sense of touch, feeling, sensation
肝心, かんじん -essential, fundamental, crucial, vital, main
歓声, かんせい -cheer, shout of joy
感染, かんせん -infection, contagion
幹線, かんせん -main line, trunk line
関税, かんぜい -customs, duty, tariff
簡素, かんそ -simplicity, plain
観点, かんてん -point of view
感度, かんど -sensitivity, severity (quake)
幹部, かんぶ -management, (executive) staff, leaders
勘弁, かんべん -pardon, forgiveness, forbearance
完璧, かんぺき -perfection, completeness, flawless
感無量, かんむりょう -deep feeling, inexpressible feeling, filled with emotion
勧誘, かんゆう -invitation, solicitation, canvassing, inducement, persuasion, encouragement
関与, かんよ -participation, taking part in, participating in, being concerned in
慣用, かんよう -common, customary
寛容, かんよう -forbearance, tolerance, generosity
観覧, かんらん -viewing
官僚, かんりょう -bureaucrat, bureaucracy
慣例, かんれい -custom, precedent, of convention
還暦, かんれき -60th birthday
貫禄, かんろく -presence, dignity
緩和, かんわ -relief, mitigation
蓋, がい -cover, lid, cap
街, がい -~street, ~quarters
外貨, がいか -imported goods, foreign money
外観, がいかん -appearance, exterior, facade
外相, がいしょう -Foreign Minister
害する, がいする -to injure, to damage, to harm, to kill, to hinder
概説, がいせつ -general statement, outline
該当, がいとう -corresponding, answering to, coming under
街頭, がいとう -in the street
概念, がいねん -general idea, concept, notion
外来, がいらい -imported, outpatient clinic
概略, がいりゃく -outline, summary, gist, in brief
学芸, がくげい -arts and sciences, liberal arts
学士, がくし -university graduate
学説, がくせつ -theory
楽譜, がくふ -score (music)
学歴, がくれき -academic background
崖, がけ -cliff
雅致, がち -artistry, good taste, elegance, grace
がっくり -heartbroken
合唱, がっしょう -chorus, singing in a chorus
がっしり -firmly, solidly, tough
合致, がっち -agreement, concurrence, conforming to
がっちり -solidly built, tightly, shrewd, calculating
月日, がっぴ -(the) date
合併, がっぺい -combination, union, amalgamation, consolidation, merger, coalition, fusion, annexation, affiliation, incorpor
がる -feel
側, がわ -side, row, surroundings, part, (watch) case
癌, がん -cancer
眼科, がんか -ophthalmology
眼球, がんきゅう -eyeball
眼鏡, がんきょう -spectacles, glasses
頑固, がんこ -stubbornness, obstinacy
願書, がんしょ -written application or petition
頑丈, がんじょう -solid, firm, stout, burly, strong, sturdy
岩石, がんせき -rock
元年, がんねん -first year (of a specific reign)
贋物, がんぶつ -imitation, counterfeit, forgery, sham
元来, がんらい -originally, primarily, essentially, logically, naturally
生, き -pure, undiluted, raw, crude
期, き -period, time
企画, きかく -planning, project
規格, きかく -standard, norm
着飾る, きかざる -to dress up
器官, きかん -organ (of body), instrument
季刊, きかん -quarterly (e.g. magazine)
危害, きがい -injury, harm, danger
気兼ね, きがね -hesitance, diffidence, feeling constraint, fear of troubling someone, having scruples about doing someth
気軽, きがる -cheerful, buoyant, lighthearted
危機, きき -crisis
聞き取り, ききとり -listening comprehension
効き目, ききめ -effect, virtue, efficacy, impression
帰京, ききょう -returning to Tokyo
基金, ききん -fund, foundation
棄権, きけん -abstain from voting, renunciation of a right
喜劇, きげき -comedy, funny show
起源, きげん -origin, beginning, rise
機構, きこう -mechanism, organization
既婚, きこん -marriage, married
記載, きさい -mention, entry
気障, きざ -affectation, conceit, snobbery
兆し, きざし -signs, omen, symptoms
兆, きざし -signs, omen, symptoms
軋む, きしむ -to jar, to creak, to grate
気象, きしょう -weather, climate
期日, きじつ -fixed date, settlement date
記述, きじゅつ -describing, descriptor
奇数, きすう -odd number
築く, きずく -to build, to pile up, to amass
傷付く, きずつく -to be hurt, to be wounded, to get injured
規制, きせい -regulation
汽船, きせん -steamship
寄贈, きそう -donation, presentation
貴族, きぞく -noble, aristocrat
鍛える, きたえる -to forge, to drill, to temper, to train, to discipline
来る, きたる -to come, to arrive, to be due to, to be next, to be forthcoming
気立て, きだて -disposition, nature
きちっと -exactly, perfectly
几帳面, きちょうめん -methodical, punctual, steady
切っ掛け, きっかけ -chance, start, cue, excuse, motive, impetus, occasion
きっかり -exactly, precisely
喫茶, きっさ -tea drinking, tea house
きっちり -precisely, tightly
屹度, きっと -1. (uk) surely, undoubtedly, certainly, without fail, 2. sternly, severely
きっぱり -clearly, plainly, distinctly
規定, きてい -regulation, provisions
起点, きてん -starting point
軌道, きどう -orbit, railroad track
甲, きのえ -1st in rank, first sign of the Chinese calendar, shell, instep, grade A
気配, きはい -indication, market trend, worry
規範, きはん -model, standard, pattern, norm, criterion, example
気品, きひん -aroma
気風, きふう -character, traits, ethos
起伏, きふく -undulation
規模, きぼ -scale, scope, plan, structure
気まぐれ, きまぐれ -whim, caprice, whimsy, fickle, moody, uneven temper
生真面目, きまじめ -too serious, person who is too serious, honesty, sincerity
期末, きまつ -end of term
決まり悪い, きまりわるい -feeling awkward, being ashamed
決まる, きまる -to be decided, to be settled, to look good in (clothes)
記名, きめい -signature, register
脚色, きゃくしょく -dramatization (e.g. film)
脚本, きゃくほん -scenario
客観, きゃっかん -objective
規約, きやく -agreement, rules, code
救援, きゅうえん -relief, rescue, reinforcement
休学, きゅうがく -temporary absence from school, suspension
究極, きゅうきょく -ultimate, final, eventual
窮屈, きゅうくつ -narrow, tight, stiff, rigid, uneasy, formal, constrained
球根, きゅうこん -(plant) bulb
救済, きゅうさい -relief, aid, rescue, salvation, help
給食, きゅうしょく -school lunch, providing a meal
給仕, きゅうじ -office boy (girl), page, waiter
休戦, きゅうせん -truce, armistice
旧知, きゅうち -old friend, old friendship
宮殿, きゅうでん -palace
窮乏, きゅうぼう -poverty
丘陵, きゅうりょう -hill
共, きょう -both, neither (neg), all, and, as well as, including, with, together with, plural ending
供, きょう -offer, present, submit, serve (a meal), supply
驚異, きょうい -wonder, miracle
教員, きょういん -teaching staff
教科, きょうか -subject, curriculum
協会, きょうかい -association, society, organization
共感, きょうかん -sympathy, response
共学, きょうがく -coeducation
協議, きょうぎ -conference, consultation, discussion, negotiation
教訓, きょうくん -lesson, precept, moral instruction
境遇, きょうぐう -environment, circumstances
強行, きょうこう -forcing, enforcement
強硬, きょうこう -firm, vigorous, unbending, unyielding, strong, stubborn
凶作, きょうさく -bad harvest, poor crop
共産, きょうさん -communism
教材, きょうざい -teaching materials
教習, きょうしゅう -training, instruction
郷愁, きょうしゅう -nostalgia, homesickness
教職, きょうしょく -teaching certificate, the teaching profession
享受, きょうじゅ -reception, acceptance, enjoyment, being given
興じる, きょうじる -to amuse oneself, to make merry
強制, きょうせい -obligation, coercion, compulsion, enforcement
共存, きょうそん -coexistence
姉妹, きょうだい -sisters
協調, きょうちょう -co-operation, conciliation, harmony, firm (market) tone
協定, きょうてい -arrangement, pact, agreement
脅迫, きょうはく -threat, menace, coercion, terrorism
共鳴, きょうめい -resonance, sympathy
郷里, きょうり -birth-place, home town
強烈, きょうれつ -strong, intense, severe
共和, きょうわ -republicanism, cooperation
曲, きょく -tune, piece of music
局限, きょくげん -limit, localize
極端, きょくたん -extreme, extremity
居住, きょじゅう -residence
拒絶, きょぜつ -refusal, rejection
拒否, きょひ -denial, veto, rejection, refusal
許容, きょよう -permission, pardon
距離, きょり -distance, range
寄与, きよ -contribution, service
清らか, きよらか -clean, pure, chaste
気楽, きらく -at ease, comfortable
煌びやか, きらびやか -gorgeous, gaudy, dazzling, gay
切り, きり -limits, end, bounds, period, place to leave off, closing sentence, all there is, only, since
桐, きり -paulownia tree
切り替える, きりかえる -to change, to exchange, to convert, to renew, to throw a switch, to replace, to switch over
気流, きりゅう -atmospheric current
奇麗, きれい -pretty, clean, nice, tidy, beautiful, fair
切れ目, きれめ -break, pause, gap, end, rift, interruption, cut, section, notch, incision, end (of a task)
際, きわ -edge, brink, verge, side
木綿, きわた -cotton
極めて, きわめて -exceedingly, extremely
僅, きん -a little, small quantity
近眼, きんがん -nearsightedness, shortsightedness, myopia
緊急, きんきゅう -urgent, pressing, emergency
近々, きんきん -nearness, before long
近郊, きんこう -suburbs, outskirts
均衡, きんこう -equilibrium, balance
近視, きんし -shortsightedness
禁じる, きんじる -to prohibit
禁ずる, きんずる -to forbid, to suppress
勤勉, きんべん -industry, diligence
勤務, きんむ -service, duty, work
禁物, きんもつ -taboo, forbidden thing
勤労, きんろう -labor, exertion, diligent service
議案, ぎあん -legislative bill
戯曲, ぎきょく -play, drama
議決, ぎけつ -resolution, decision, vote
議事堂, ぎじどう -Diet building
犠牲, ぎせい -sacrifice
偽造, ぎぞう -forgery, falsification, fabrication, counterfeiting
議題, ぎだい -topic of discussion, agenda
技能, ぎのう -technical skill, ability, capacity
逆転, ぎゃくてん -(sudden) change, reversal, turn-around, coming from behind (baseball)
行, ぎょう -line, row, verse
業者, ぎょうしゃ -trader, merchant
行政, ぎょうせい -administration
業績, ぎょうせき -achievement, performance, results, work, contribution
業務, ぎょうむ -business, affairs, duties, work
玉, ぎょく -king (shogi)
漁船, ぎょせん -fishing boat
漁村, ぎょそん -fishing village
義理, ぎり -duty, sense of duty, honor, decency, courtesy, debt of gratitude, social obligation
疑惑, ぎわく -doubt, misgivings, distrust, suspicion
吟味, ぎんみ -testing, scrutiny, careful investigation
区, く -ward, district, section
食い違う, くいちがう -to cross each other, to run counter to, to differ, to clash, to go awry
空腹, くうふく -hunger
区画, くかく -division, section, compartment, boundary, area, block
区間, くかん -section (of track etc)
茎, くき -stalk
区切り, くぎり -an end, a stop, punctuation
潜る, くぐる -1. to drive, to pass through, 2. to evade, to hide, 3. to dive (into or under water), to go undergro
種々, くさぐさ -variety
嚏, くしゃみ -sneeze
旧事, くじ -past events, bygones
籤引, くじびき -lottery, drawn lot
擽ぐったい, くすぐったい -ticklish
草臥れる, くたびれる -to get tired, to wear out
下らない, くだらない -good-for-nothing, stupid, trivial, worthless
件, くだん -example, precedent, the usual, the said, the above-mentioned, (man) in question
口ずさむ, くちずさむ -to hum something, to sing to oneself
嘴, くちばし -beak, bill
朽ちる, くちる -to rot
くっきり -distinctly, clearly, boldly
屈折, くっせつ -bending, indentation, refraction
くっ付く, くっつく -to adhere to, to keep close to
くっ付ける, くっつける -to attach
覆す, くつがえす -to overturn, to upset, to overthrow, to undermine
諄い, くどい -verbose, importunate, heavy (taste)
国境, くにざかい -national or state border
首飾り, くびかざり -necklace
首輪, くびわ -necklace, choker
組み合わせ, くみあわせ -combination
組み合わせる, くみあわせる -to join together, to combine, to join up
組み込む, くみこむ -to insert, to include, to cut in (printing)
蔵, くら -warehouse, cellar, magazine, granary, godown, depository, treasury, elevator
苦しめる, くるしめる -to torment, to harass, to inflict pain
包む, くるむ -to be engulfed in, to be enveloped by, to wrap up, to tuck in, to pack, to do up, to cover with, to dress i
呉れ呉れも, くれぐれも -repeatedly, sincerely, earnestly
呉れる, くれる -to give, to let one have, to do for one, to be given
玄人, くろうと -expert, professional, geisha, prostitute
黒字, くろじ -balance (figure) in the black
君主, くんしゅ -ruler, monarch
愚痴, ぐち -idle complaint, grumble
ぐっと -firmly, fast, much, more
ぐらい -approximately
群, ぐん -group (math)
軍艦, ぐんかん -warship, battleship
群集, ぐんしゅう -(social) group, crowd, throng, mob, multitude
軍事, ぐんじ -military affairs
軍備, ぐんび -armaments, military preparations
軍服, ぐんぷく -military or naval uniform
刑, けい -penalty, sentence, punishment
頃, けい -time, about, toward, approximately (time)
傾, けい -lean, incline
系, けい -system, lineage, group
経過, けいか -passage, expiration, progress
軽快, けいかい -rhythmical (e.g. melody), casual (e.g. dress), light, nimble
警戒, けいかい -warning, admonition, vigilance
計器, けいき -meter, gauge
契機, けいき -opportunity, chance
敬具, けいぐ -Sincerely yours
軽減, けいげん -abatement
掲載, けいさい -appearance (e.g. article in paper)
傾斜, けいしゃ -inclination, slant, slope, bevel, list, dip
形成, けいせい -formation
形勢, けいせい -condition, situation, prospects
軽率, けいそつ -rash, thoughtless, careless, hasty
携帯, けいたい -carrying something
形態, けいたい -form, shape, figure
刑罰, けいばつ -judgement, penalty, punishment
経費, けいひ -expenses, cost, outlay
警部, けいぶ -police inspector
軽蔑, けいべつ -scorn, disdain
経歴, けいれき -personal history, career
経路, けいろ -course, route, channel
汚す, けがす -to disgrace, to dishonour
汚らわしい, けがらわしい -filthy, unfair
汚れ, けがれ -uncleanness, impurity, disgrace
汚れる, けがれる -to get dirty, to become dirty
獣, けだもの -beast, brute
吝嗇, けち -stinginess, miser, miserliness, skinflint, tightwad, niggard, pinching pennies
結核, けっかく -tuberculosis, tubercule
血管, けっかん -blood vessel
決行, けっこう -doing (with resolve), carrying out (i.e. a plan)
決算, けっさん -balance sheet, settlement of accounts
決勝, けっしょう -decision of a contest, finals (in sports)
結晶, けっしょう -crystal, crystallization
結成, けっせい -formation
結束, けっそく -union, unity
傑, けつ -excellence
決意, けつい -decision, determination
決議, けつぎ -resolution, vote, decision
結合, けつごう -combination, union
決断, けつだん -decision, determination
欠乏, けつぼう -want, shortage, famine
蹴飛ばす, けとばす -to kick away, to kick off, to kick (someone), to refuse, to reject
貶す, けなす -to speak ill of
煙たい, けむたい -smoky, feeling awkward
煙る, けむる -to smoke (e.g. fire)
家来, けらい -retainer, retinue, servant
けれど -but, however
圏, けん -sphere, circle, range
権, けん -authority, the right (to do something)
権威, けんい -authority, power, influence
兼業, けんぎょう -side line, second business
権限, けんげん -power, authority, jurisdiction
健在, けんざい -in good health, well
懸賞, けんしょう -offering prizes, winning, reward
検事, けんじ -public prosecutor
健全, けんぜん -health, soundness, wholesome
見地, けんち -point of view
賢明, けんめい -wisdom, intelligence, prudence
倹約, けんやく -thrift, economy, frugality
兼用, けんよう -multi-use, combined use, combination, serving two purposes
権力, けんりょく -power, authority, influence
劇団, げきだん -troupe, theatrical company
激励, げきれい -encouragement
月謝, げっしゃ -monthly tuition fee
げっそり -being disheartened, losing weight
月賦, げっぷ -monthly installment
下痢, げり -diarrhoea
原, げん -original, primitive, primary, fundamental, raw
原形, げんけい -original form, base form
現行, げんこう -present, current, in operation
原作, げんさく -original work
原子, げんし -atom
元首, げんしゅ -ruler, sovereign
原書, げんしょ -original document
減少, げんしょう -decrease, reduction, decline
現場, げんじょう -actual spot, scene, scene of the crime
元素, げんそ -chemical element
原則, げんそく -principle, general rule
現像, げんぞう -developing (film)
現地, げんち -actual place, local
限定, げんてい -limit, restriction
原点, げんてん -origin (coordinates), starting point
原典, げんてん -original (text)
減点, げんてん -subtract, give a demerit
原爆, げんばく -atomic bomb
原文, げんぶん -the text, original
厳密, げんみつ -strict, close
原油, げんゆ -crude oil
言論, げんろん -discussion
故, こ -the late (deceased)
戸, こ -counter for houses
児, こ -child, the young of animals
巨, こ -big, large, great
恋する, こいする -to fall in love with, to love
溝, こう -10^38, hundred undecillion (American), hundred sextillion (British)
NAME?
好意, こうい -good will, favor, courtesy
行為, こうい -act, deed, conduct
行員, こういん -bank clerk
交易, こうえき -trade, commerce
公演, こうえん -public performance
後悔, こうかい -regret, repentance
公開, こうかい -presenting to the public
航海, こうかい -sail, voyage
工学, こうがく -engineering
皇居, こうきょ -Imperial Palace
好況, こうきょう -prosperous conditions, healthy economy
抗議, こうぎ -protest, objection
鉱業, こうぎょう -mining industry
興業, こうぎょう -industrial enterprise
高原, こうげん -tableland, plateau
煌々と, こうこうと -brilliantly, brightly
考古学, こうこがく -archaeology
交互, こうご -mutual, reciprocal, alternate
工作, こうさく -work, construction, handicraft, maneuvering
耕作, こうさく -cultivation, farming
鉱山, こうざん -mine (ore)
講習, こうしゅう -short course, training
交渉, こうしょう -negotiations, discussions, connection
高尚, こうしょう -high, noble, refined, advanced
行進, こうしん -march, parade
香辛料, こうしんりょう -spices
口述, こうじゅつ -verbal statement
控除, こうじょ -subsidy, deduction
向上, こうじょう -elevation, rise, improvement, advancement, progress
降水, こうすい -rainfall, precipitation
洪水, こうずい -flood
公然, こうぜん -open (e.g. secret), public, official
抗争, こうそう -dispute, resistance
構想, こうそう -plan, plot, idea, conception
拘束, こうそく -restriction, restraint
後退, こうたい -retreat, backspace (BS)
光沢, こうたく -brilliance, polish, lustre, glossy finish (of photographs)
公団, こうだん -public corporation
好調, こうちょう -favourable, promising, satisfactory, in good shape
口頭, こうとう -oral
講読, こうどく -reading, translation
購読, こうどく -subscription (e.g. magazine)
購入, こうにゅう -purchase, buy
公認, こうにん -official recognition, authorization, licence, accreditation
光熱費, こうねつひ -cost of fuel and light
荒廃, こうはい -ruin
購買, こうばい -purchase, buy
好評, こうひょう -popularity, favorable reputation
交付, こうふ -delivering, furnishing (with copies)
降伏, こうふく -capitulation, surrender, submission
興奮, こうふん -excitement, stimulation, agitation, arousal
公募, こうぼ -public appeal, public contribution
巧妙, こうみょう -ingenious, skillful, clever, deft
公用, こうよう -government business, public use, public expense
小売, こうり -retail
効率, こうりつ -efficiency
公立, こうりつ -public (institution)
小柄, こがら -short (build)
小切手, こぎって -cheque, check
国産, こくさん -domestic products
国定, こくてい -state-sponsored, national
国土, こくど -realm
告白, こくはく -confession, acknowledgement
国防, こくぼう -national defence
国有, こくゆう -national ownership
国連, こくれん -U.N., United Nations
漕ぐ, こぐ -to row, to scull, to pedal
焦げ茶, こげちゃ -black tea
個々, ここ -individual, one by one
箇箇, ここ -individual, separate
心地, ここち -feeling, sensation, mood
心得, こころえ -knowledge, information
心掛け, こころがけ -readiness, intention, aim
心掛ける, こころがける -to bear in mind, to aim to do
志, こころざし -will, intention, motive
志す, こころざす -to plan, to intend, to aspire to, to set aims (sights on)
心強い, こころづよい -heartening, reassuring
心細い, こころぼそい -helpless, forlorn, hopeless, unpromising, lonely, discouraging, disheartening
試み, こころみ -trial, experiment
試みる, こころみる -to try, to test
快い, こころよい -pleasant, agreeable
凝らす, こごらす -to freeze, to congeal
凝る, こごる -to congeal, to freeze
拵える, こしらえる -to make, to manufacture
孤児, こじ -orphan
拗れる, こじれる -to get complicated, to grow worse
故人, こじん -the deceased, old friend
梢, こずえ -treetop
個性, こせい -individuality, personality, idiosyncrasy
戸籍, こせき -census, family register
小銭, こぜに -coins, small change
固体, こたい -solid (body)
答え, こたえ -answer, response
堪える, こたえる -to bear, to stand, to endure, to put up with, to support, to withstand, to resist, to brave, to be fit for, t
火燵, こたつ -table with heater, (orig) charcoal brazier in a floor well
古代, こだい -ancient times
こだわる -to fuss over, to be particular about, to be concerned about
誇張, こちょう -exaggeration
滑稽, こっけい -funny, humorous, comical, laughable, ridiculous, joking
国交, こっこう -diplomatic relations
骨董品, こっとうひん -curio
骨, こつ -knack, skill
固定, こてい -fixation
事柄, ことがら -matter, thing, affair, circumstance
悉く, ことごとく -altogether, entirely
言伝, ことづて -declaration, hearsay
殊に, ことに -especially, above all
事によると, ことによると -depending on the circumstances
孤独, こどく -isolation, loneliness, solitude
粉々, こなごな -in very small pieces
此の, この -this
この間, このあいだ -the other day, lately, recently
この頃, このごろ -recently
好ましい, このましい -nice, likeable, desirable
個別, こべつ -particular case
零す, こぼす -to spill
零れる, こぼれる -to overflow, to spill
細やか, こまやか -friendly
混む, こむ -to be crowded
込める, こめる -to include, to put into
篭る, こもる -to seclude oneself, to be confined in, to be implied, to be stuffy
固有, こゆう -characteristic, tradition, peculiar, inherent, eigen-
雇用, こよう -employment (long term), hire
暦, こよみ -calendar, almanac
堪える, こらえる -to bear, to stand, to endure, to put up with, to support, to withstand, to resist, to brave, to be fit for, t
孤立, こりつ -isolation, helplessness
懲りる, こりる -to learn by experience, to be disgusted with
此れ, これ -this
此れ等, これら -these
魂, こん -soul, spirit
根気, こんき -patience, perseverance, energy
根拠, こんきょ -basis, foundation
混血, こんけつ -mixed race, mixed parentage
昆虫, こんちゅう -insect, bug
根底, こんてい -root, basis, foundation
混同, こんどう -confusion, mixing, merger
今日は, こんにちは -hello, good day (daytime greeting id)
今晩は, こんばんは -good evening
根本, こんぽん -origin, source, foundation, root, base, principle
御, ご -go-, honourable
語彙, ごい -vocabulary, glossary
濠, ごう -moat
業, ごう -Buddhist karma, actions committed in a former life
号, ごう -number, issue
合意, ごうい -agreement, consent, mutual understanding
合議, ごうぎ -consultation, conference
強気, ごうぎ -great, grand
合成, ごうせい -synthesis, composition, synthetic, composite, mixed, combined, compound
護衛, ごえい -guard, convoy, escort
語句, ごく -words, phrases
極楽, ごくらく -paradise
ご苦労様, ごくろうさま -Thank you very much for your....
語源, ごげん -word root, word derivation, etymology
誤差, ごさ -error
ご座います, ございます -to be (polite), to exist
ご馳走, ごちそう -feast, treating (someone)
ご馳走さま, ごちそうさま -feast
毎, ごと -each respectively
碁盤, ごばん -Go board
ご無沙汰, ごぶさた -not writing or contacting for a while
誤魔化す, ごまかす -to deceive, to falsify, to misrepresent
御免ください, ごめんください -May I come in?
御免なさい, ごめんなさい -I beg your pardon, excuse me
御覧なさい, ごらんなさい -(please) look, (please) try to do
佐, さ -help
再, さい -re-, again, repeated
差異, さい -difference, disparity
再会, さいかい -another meeting, meeting again, reunion
災害, さいがい -calamity, disaster, misfortune
細菌, さいきん -bacillus, bacterium, germ
細工, さいく -work, craftsmanship, tactics, trick
採掘, さいくつ -mining
採決, さいけつ -vote, roll call
再建, さいけん -rebuilding, reconstruction, rehabilitation
再現, さいげん -reappearance, reproduction, return, revival
採算, さいさん -profit
採集, さいしゅう -collecting, gathering
再生, さいせい -playback, regeneration, resuscitation, return to life, rebirth, reincarnation, narrow escape, reclamation, r
最善, さいぜん -the very best
採択, さいたく -adoption, selection, choice
再発, さいはつ -return, relapse, reoccurrence
栽培, さいばい -cultivation
細胞, さいぼう -cell (biology)
採用, さいよう -use, adopt
遮る, さえぎる -to interrupt, to intercept, to obstruct
囀る, さえずる -to sing, to chirp, to twitter
冴える, さえる -to be clear, to be serene, to be cold, to be skillful
竿, さお -rod, pole (e.g. for drying laundry)
栄える, さかえる -to prosper, to flourish
杯, さかずき -wine cups
逆立ち, さかだち -handstand, headstand
逆上る, さかのぼる -to go back, to go upstream, to make retroactive
盛る, さかる -to prosper, to flourish, to copulate (animals)
差額, さがく -balance, difference, margin
下がる, さがる -to hang down, to abate, to retire, to fall, to step back
一昨昨日, さきおととい -two days before yesterday
先に, さきに -before, earlier than, ahead, beyond, away, previously, recently
詐欺, さぎ -fraud, swindle
作, さく -a work, a harvest
策, さく -plan, policy
柵, さく -fence, paling
削減, さくげん -cut, reduction, curtailment
錯誤, さくご -mistake
作戦, さくせん -military or naval operations, tactics, strategy
作物, さくぶつ -literary work
叫び, さけび -shout, scream, outcry
裂ける, さける -to split, to tear, to burst
捧げる, ささげる -to lift up, to give, to offer, to consecrate, to devote, to sacrifice, to dedicate
差し掛かる, さしかかる -to come near to, to approach
指図, さしず -instruction, mandate
差し出す, さしだす -to present, to submit, to tender, to hold out
差し支える, さしつかえる -to interfere, to hinder, to become impeded
差し引く, さしひく -to deduct
些事, さじ -something small or petty, trifle
授ける, さずける -to grant, to award, to teach
嘸, さぞ -I am sure, certainly, no doubt
定まる, さだまる -to become settled, to be fixed
定める, さだめる -to decide, to establish, to determine
錯覚, さっかく -optical illusion, hallucination
早急, さっきゅう -urgent
察する, さっする -to guess, to sense, to presume, to judge, to sympathize with
さっと -quickly, suddenly
冊, さつ -counter for books
殺人, さつじん -murder
偖, さて -well, now, then
悟る, さとる -to attain enlightenment, to perceive, to understand, to discern
真実, さな -truth, reality
裁く, さばく -to judge
錆び, さび -rust (colour)
左程, さほど -(not) very, (not) much
様, さま -Mr. or Mrs., manner, kind, appearance
三味線, さみせん -three-stringed Japanese guitar, shamisen
侍, さむらい -Samurai, warrior
然も, さも -with gusto, with satisfaction
作用, さよう -action, operation, effect, function
左様なら, さようなら -good-bye
拐う, さらう -to carry off, to run away with, to kidnap, to abduct
爽やか, さわやか -fresh, refreshing, invigorating, clear, fluent, eloquent
障る, さわる -to hinder, to interfere with, to affect, to do one harm, to be harmful to
酸, さん -acid
さん -Mr or Mrs
酸化, さんか -oxidation
山岳, さんがく -mountains
産休, さんきゅう -maternity leave
桟橋, さんきょう -wharf, bridge, jetty, pier
参議院, さんぎいん -House of Councillors
産後, さんご -postpartum, after childbirth
産出, さんしゅつ -yield, produce
参照, さんしょう -reference, consultation, consultation
参上, さんじょう -calling on, visiting
賛成, さんせい -approval, agreement, support, favour
賛美, さんび -praise, adoration, glorification
産婦人科, さんふじんか -maternity and gynecology department
産物, さんぶつ -product, result, fruit
山腹, さんぷく -hillside, mountainside
山脈, さんみゃく -mountain range
財, ざい -fortune, riches
財源, ざいげん -source of funds, resources, finances
在庫, ざいこ -stockpile, stock
財政, ざいせい -economy, financial affairs
座談会, ざだんかい -symposium, round-table discussion
雑貨, ざっか -miscellaneous goods, general goods, sundries
雑, ざつ -rough, crude
雑談, ざつだん -chatting, idle talk
雑木, ざつぼく -various kinds of small trees, assorted trees
座標, ざひょう -coordinate(s)
残金, ざんきん -remaining money
残酷, ざんこく -cruelty, harshness
残高, ざんだか -(bank) balance, remainder
死, し -death, decease
し -10^24 (kanji is JIS X 0212 kuten 4906), septillion (American), quadrillion (British)
次, し -order, sequence, times, next, below
仕上がり, しあがり -finish, end, completion
仕上げ, しあげ -end, finishing touches, being finished
仕上げる, しあげる -to finish up, to complete
明々後日, しあさって -two days after tomorrow
飼育, しいく -breeding, raising, rearing
強いて, しいて -by force
強いる, しいる -to force, to compel, to coerce
仕入れる, しいれる -to lay in stock, to replenish stock, to procure
しいんと -silent (as the grave), (deathly) quiet
歯科, しか -dentistry
資格, しかく -qualifications, requirements, capabilities
視覚, しかく -sense of sight, vision
仕掛け, しかけ -device, trick, mechanism, gadget, (small) scale, half finished, commencement, set up, challenge
仕掛ける, しかける -to commence, to lay (mines), to set (traps), to wage (war), to challenge
然し, しかし -however, but
然しながら, しかしながら -nevertheless, however
而も, しかも -moreover, furthermore, nevertheless, and yet
市街, しがい -urban areas, the streets, town, city
指揮, しき -command, direction
色彩, しきさい -colour, hue, tints
式場, しきじょう -ceremonial hall, place of ceremony (e.g. marriage)
為来り, しきたり -customs
頻りに, しきりに -frequently, repeatedly, incessantly, eagerly
仕切る, しきる -to partition, to divide, to mark off, to settle accounts, to toe the mark
資金, しきん -funds, capital
施行, しぎょう -1. execution, enforcing, carrying out
しくじる -to fail, to fall through, to blunder
仕組み, しくみ -devising, plan, plot, contrivance, construction, arrangement
死刑, しけい -death penalty, capital punishment
湿気る, しける -to be damp, to be moist
思考, しこう -thought
志向, しこう -intention, aim
嗜好, しこう -taste, liking, preference
視察, しさつ -inspection, observation
資産, しさん -property, fortune, means, assets
刺繍, ししゅう -embroidery
支持, しじ -support, maintenance
指示, しじ -indication, instruction, directions
雫, しずく -drop (of water)
沈める, しずめる -to sink, to submerge
施設, しせつ -institution, establishment, facility, (army) engineer
子息, しそく -son
慕う, したう -to yearn for, to miss, to adore, to love dearly
従って, したがって -therefore, consequently, in accordance with
下心, したごころ -secret intention, motive
親しむ, したしむ -to be intimate with, to befriend
下調べ, したしらべ -preliminary investigation, preparation
下地, したじ -groundwork, foundation, inclination, aptitude, elementary knowledge of, grounding in, prearrangement, spade
認める, したためる -to write up
仕立てる, したてる -to tailor, to make, to prepare, to train, to send (a messenger)
下取り, したどり -trade in, part exchange
下火, したび -burning low, waning, declining
失格, しっかく -disqualification, elimination, incapacity (legal)
確り, しっかり -firmly, tightly, reliable, level-headed, steady
質素, しっそ -simplicity, modesty, frugality
失調, しっちょう -lack of harmony
嫉妬, しっと -jealousy
尻尾, しっぽ -tail (animal)
室, しつ -room
質疑, しつぎ -question
躾, しつけ -home discipline, training, upbringing, breeding
仕付ける, しつける -to be used to a job, to begin to do, to baste, to tack, to plant
指摘, してき -pointing out, identification
視点, してん -opinion, point of view, visual point
萎びる, しなびる -to wilt, to fade
嫋か, しなやか -supple, flexible, elastic
屎尿, しにょう -excreta, raw sewage, human waste, night soil
凌ぐ, しのぐ -to outdo, to surpass, to endure, to keep out (rain), to stave off, to tide over, to pull through, to defy, t
始発, しはつ -first train
芝, しば -lawn, sod, turf
屡, しばしば -often, again and again, frequently
暫く, しばらく -little while
痺れる, しびれる -to become numb, to go to sleep (i.e. a limb)
渋い, しぶい -1. tasteful (clothing), cool, an aura of refined masculinity, 2. astringent, sullen, bitter (taste), 3
私物, しぶつ -private property, personal effects
しぶとい -tenacious, stubborn
司法, しほう -administration of justice
脂肪, しぼう -fat, grease, blubber
志望, しぼう -wish, desire, ambition
萎む, しぼむ -to wither, to fade (away), to shrivel, to wilt
仕舞, しまい -end, termination, informal (Noh play)
仕舞う, しまう -to finish, to close, to do something completely, to put away, to put an end to
しまった -Damn it!
始末, しまつ -management, dealing, settlement, cleaning up afterwards
泌み泌み, しみじみ -keenly, deeply, heartily
染みる, しみる -to pierce, to permeate
使命, しめい -mission, errand, message
締め切り, しめきり -closing, cut-off, end, deadline, Closed, No Entrance
僕, しもべ -manservant, servant (of God)
社交, しゃこう -social life, social intercourse
謝絶, しゃぜつ -refusal
社宅, しゃたく -company owned house
吃逆, しゃっくり -hiccough, hiccup
喋る, しゃべる -to talk, to chat, to chatter
斜面, しゃめん -slope, slanting surface, bevel
洒落, しゃらく -frank, open-hearted
洒落る, しゃれる -to joke, to play on words, to dress stylishly
視野, しや -field of vision, outlook
種, しゅ -kind, variety, species
衆, しゅう -masses, great number, the people
周, しゅう -circuit, lap, circumference, vicinity, Chou (dynasty)
収益, しゅうえき -earnings, proceeds, returns
修学, しゅうがく -learning
周期, しゅうき -cycle, period
衆議院, しゅうぎいん -Lower House, House of Representatives
就業, しゅうぎょう -employment, starting work
修行, しゅうぎょう -pursuit of knowledge, studying, learning, training, ascetic practice, discipline
集計, しゅうけい -totalization, aggregate
襲撃, しゅうげき -attack, charge, raid
収支, しゅうし -income and expenditure
終始, しゅうし -beginning and end, from beginning to end, doing a thing from beginning to end
修士, しゅうし -Masters degree program
収集, しゅうしゅう -gathering up, collection, accumulation
修飾, しゅうしょく -ornamentation, embellishment, decoration, adornment, polish up (writing), modification (gram)
終日, しゅうじつ -all day
執着, しゅうじゃく -attachment, adhesion, tenacity
収容, しゅうよう -accommodation, reception, seating, housing, custody, admission, entering (in a dictionary)
修了, しゅうりょう -completion (of a course)
守衛, しゅえい -security guard, doorkeeper
主演, しゅえん -starring, playing the leading part
主観, しゅかん -subjectivity, subject, ego
祝賀, しゅくが -celebration, congratulations
宿命, しゅくめい -fate, destiny, predestination
主権, しゅけん -sovereignty, supremacy, dominion
手芸, しゅげい -handicrafts
主催, しゅさい -organization, sponsorship
取材, しゅざい -choice of subject, collecting data
趣旨, しゅし -object, meaning
主食, しゅしょく -staple food
主人公, しゅじんこう -protagonist, main character, hero(ine) (of a story), head of household
主体, しゅたい -subject, main constituent
主題, しゅだい -subject, theme, motif
出血, しゅっけつ -bleeding, haemorrhage
出産, しゅっさん -(child)birth, delivery, production (of goods)
出社, しゅっしゃ -arrival (in a country at work etc.)
出生, しゅっしょう -birth
出世, しゅっせ -promotion, successful career, eminence
出費, しゅっぴ -expenses, disbursements
出品, しゅっぴん -exhibit, display
出演, しゅつえん -performance, stage appearance
出題, しゅつだい -proposing a question
出動, しゅつどう -sailing, marching, going out
主導, しゅどう -main leadership
主任, しゅにん -person in charge, responsible official
首脳, しゅのう -head, brains
守備, しゅび -defense
手法, しゅほう -technique
私有, しゆう -private ownership
諸, しょ -various, many, several
背負う, しょう -to be burdened with, to carry on back or shoulder
象, しょう -phenomenon
症, しょう -illness
傷, しょう -wound, injury, hurt, cut, gash, bruise, scratch, scar, weak point
商, しょう -quotient
消去, しょうきょ -elimination, erasing, dying out, melting away
衝撃, しょうげき -shock, crash, impact, ballistic
証言, しょうげん -evidence, testimony
証拠, しょうこ -evidence, proof
消耗, しょうこう -exhaustion, consumption
照合, しょうごう -collation, comparison
詳細, しょうさい -detail, particulars
昇進, しょうしん -promotion
少数, しょうすう -minority, few
称する, しょうする -to pretend, to take the name of, to feign, to purport
消息, しょうそく -news, letter, circumstances
承諾, しょうだく -consent, acquiescence, agreement
象徴, しょうちょう -symbol
小児科, しょうにか -pediatrics
証人, しょうにん -witness
照明, しょうめい -illumination
勝利, しょうり -victory, triumph, conquest, success, win
奨励, しょうれい -encouragement, promotion, message, address
職員, しょくいん -staff member, personnel
植民地, しょくみんち -colony
職務, しょくむ -professional duties
諸君, しょくん -Gentlemen!, Ladies!
所在, しょざい -whereabouts
所々, しょしょ -here and there, some parts (of something)
所持, しょじ -possession, owning
所属, しょぞく -attached to, belong to
処置, しょち -treatment
しょっちゅう -always, constantly
所定, しょてい -fixed, prescribed
所得, しょとく -income, earnings
初版, しょはん -first edition
処罰, しょばつ -punishment
書評, しょひょう -book review
処分, しょぶん -disposal, dealing, punishment
庶民, しょみん -masses, common people
庶務, しょむ -general affairs
私用, しよう -personal use, private business
仕様, しよう -way, method, resource, remedy, (technical) specification
使用人, しようにん -employee, servant
調べ, しらべ -preparation, investigation, inspection
知り合い, しりあい -acquaintance
退く, しりぞく -to retreat, to recede, to withdraw
退ける, しりぞける -to repel, to drive away
記す, しるす -to note, to write down
指令, しれい -orders, instructions, directive
代, しろ -price, materials, substitution
皺, しわ -wrinkles, creases
新, しん -new
進化, しんか -evolution, progress
殿, しんがり -rear, rear unit guard
審議, しんぎ -deliberation
進行, しんこう -advance
新興, しんこう -rising, developing, emergent
振興, しんこう -promotion, encouragement
申告, しんこく -report, statement, filing a return, notification
新婚, しんこん -newly-wed
審査, しんさ -judging, inspection, examination, investigation
紳士, しんし -gentleman
進出, しんしゅつ -advance, step forward
信者, しんじゃ -believer, adherent, devotee, Christian
真珠, しんじゅ -pearl
心中, しんじゅう -double suicide, lovers suicide
心情, しんじょう -mentality
新人, しんじん -new face, newcomer
神聖, しんせい -holiness, sacredness, dignity
親善, しんぜん -friendship
真相, しんそう -truth, real situation
新築, しんちく -new building, new construction
進呈, しんてい -presentation
進展, しんてん -progress, development
神殿, しんでん -temple, sacred place
進度, しんど -progress
振動, しんどう -oscillation, vibration
新入生, しんにゅうせい -freshman, first-year student
信任, しんにん -trust, confidence, credence
審判, しんばん -refereeing, trial, judgement, umpire, referee
神秘, しんぴ -mystery
辛抱, しんぼう -patience, endurance
真理, しんり -truth
侵略, しんりゃく -aggression, invasion, raid
診療, しんりょう -medical examination and treatment, diagnosis
進路, しんろ -course, route
自覚, じかく -self-conscious
地方, じかた -area, locality, district, region, the coast
自我, じが -self, the ego
磁気, じき -magnetism
磁器, じき -porcelain, china
事業, じぎょう -project, enterprise, business, industry, operations
地形, じぎょう -terrain, geographical features, topography
軸, じく -axis, stem, shaft, axle
自己, じこ -self, oneself
事項, じこう -matter, item, facts
時刻表, じこくひょう -table, diagram, chart, timetable, schedule
地獄, じごく -hell
時差, じさ -time difference
自在, じざい -freely, at will
自主, じしゅ -independence, autonomy
自首, じしゅ -surrender, give oneself up
辞職, じしょく -resignation
自信, じしん -self-confidence
事前, じぜん -prior, beforehand, in advance
自尊心, じそんしん -self-respect, conceit
持続, じぞく -continuation
字体, じたい -type, font, lettering
辞退, じたい -refusal
じっくり -deliberately, carefully
実質, じっしつ -substance, essence
実践, じっせん -practice, put into practice
実態, じったい -truth, fact
実費, じっぴ -actual expense, cost price
十分, じっぷん -10 minutes
実, じつ -truth, reality, sincerity, fidelity, kindness, faith, substance, essence
実業家, じつぎょうか -industrialist, businessman
実情, じつじょう -real condition, actual circumstances, actual state of affairs
自転, じてん -rotation, spin
自動詞, じどうし -intransitive verb (no direct obj)
地主, じぬし -landlord
耳鼻科, じびか -otolaryngology
地元, じもと -local
弱, じゃく -weakness, the weak, little less then
若干, じゃっかん -some, few, number of
砂利, じゃり -gravel, ballast, pebbles
じゃん拳, じゃんけん -rock-scissors-paper game
住, じゅう -dwelling, living
従業員, じゅうぎょういん -employee, worker
従事, じゅうじ -engaging, pursuing, following
充実, じゅうじつ -fullness, completion, perfection, substantiality, enrichment
十字路, じゅうじろ -crossroads
絨毯, じゅうたん -carpet
柔軟, じゅうなん -flexible, lithe
重複, じゅうふく -duplication, repetition, overlapping, redundancy, restoration
重宝, じゅうほう -priceless treasure, convenience, usefulness
従来, じゅうらい -up to now, so far, traditional
塾, じゅく -coaching school, lessons
樹木, じゅもく -trees and shrubs, arbour
樹立, じゅりつ -establish, create
準急, じゅんきゅう -local express (train slower than an express)
準じる, じゅんじる -to follow, to conform, to apply to
準ずる, じゅんずる -to apply correspondingly, to correspond to, to be proportionate to, to conform to
助, じょ -help, rescue, assistant
情, じょう -feelings, emotion, passion
NAME?
尉, じょう -jailer, old man, rank, company officer
嬢, じょう -young woman
状, じょう -shape
上位, じょうい -superior (rank not class), higher order (e.g. byte), host computer (of connected device)
上演, じょうえん -performance (e.g. music)
城下, じょうか -land near the castle
乗客, じょうかく -passenger
上空, じょうくう -sky, the skies, high-altitude sky, upper air
上司, じょうし -superior authorities, boss
情緒, じょうしょ -emotion, feeling
上昇, じょうしょう -rising, ascending, climbing
情勢, じょうせい -state of things, condition, situation
情熱, じょうねつ -passion, enthusiasm, zeal
丈夫, じょうふ -1. hero, gentleman, warrior, manly person, 2. good health, robustness, strong, solid, durable
譲歩, じょうほ -concession, conciliation, compromise
条約, じょうやく -treaty, pact
上陸, じょうりく -landing, disembarkation
蒸留, じょうりゅう -distillation
除外, じょがい -exception, exclusion
助言, じょげん -advice, suggestion
徐行, じょこう -going slowly
女史, じょし -Ms.
助詞, じょし -particle, postposition
助動詞, じょどうし -auxiliary verb
自立, じりつ -independence, self-reliance
人, じん -man, person, people
人格, じんかく -personality, character, individuality
人材, じんざい -man of talent
迅速, じんそく -quick, fast, rapid, swift, prompt
人体, じんたい -human body
人民, じんみん -people, public
人目, じんもく -glimpse, public gaze
水気, すいき -1. moisture, dampness, vapor, 2. dropsy, edema
水源, すいげん -source of river, fountainhead
推進, すいしん -propulsion, driving force
水洗, すいせん -flushing
吹奏, すいそう -playing wind instruments
推測, すいそく -guess, conjecture
水田, すいでん -(water-filled) paddy field
推理, すいり -reasoning, inference, mystery or detective genre (movie novel etc.)
数詞, すうし -numeral
崇拝, すうはい -worship, adoration, admiration, cult
据え付ける, すえつける -to install, to equip, to mount
据える, すえる -to set (table), to lay (foundation), to place (gun), to apply (moxa)
清々しい, すがすがしい -fresh, refreshing
過ぎ, すぎ -past, after
救い, すくい -help, aid, relief
掬う, すくう -to scoop, to ladle out
少なくとも, すくなくとも -at least
直ぐ, すぐ -immediately, soon, easily, right (near), honest, upright
健やか, すこやか -vigorous, healthy, sound
濯ぐ, すすぐ -to rinse, to wash out
進み, すすみ -progress
勧め, すすめ -recommendation, advice, encouragement
裾, すそ -(trouser) cuff, (skirt) hem, cut edge of a hairdo, foot of mountain
廃れる, すたれる -to go out of use, to become obsolete, to die out, to go out of fashion
酸っぱい, すっぱい -sour, acid
素敵, すてき -lovely, dreamy, beautiful, great, fantastic, superb, cool, capital
即ち, すなわち -that is, namely, i.e.
すばしこい -nimble, smart, quick
素早い, すばやい -fast, quick, prompt, agile
済ます, すます -to finish, to get it over with, to settle, to conclude, to pay back
澄ます, すます -to clear, to make clear, to be unruffled, to look unconcerned, to look demure, look prim, put on airs
済まない, すまない -sorry (phrase)
済みません, すみません -sorry, excuse me
天皇, すめらぎ -Emperor of Japan
刷り, すり -printing
剃る, する -to shave
擦れ違い, すれちがい -chance encounter
すれ違う, すれちがう -to pass by one another, to disagree, to miss each other
擦れる, すれる -to rub, to chafe, to wear, to become sophisticated
すんなり -pass with no objection, slim, slender
図々しい, ずうずうしい -impudent, shameless
ずばり -decisively, decidedly, once and for all, unreservedly, frankly
ずぶ濡れ, ずぶぬれ -soaked, dripping wet
ずらっと -in a line, in a row
ずるずる -sound or act of dragging, loose, inconclusive but unwanted situation, trailingly
ずれ -gap, slippage
ずれる -to slide, to slip off
制, せい -system, organization, imperial command, laws, regulation, control, government, suppression, restraint, holding
生育, せいいく -growth, development, breeding
成果, せいか -results, fruits
正解, せいかい -correct, right, correct interpretation (answer solution)
正規, せいき -regular, legal, formal, established, legitimate
正義, せいぎ -justice, right, righteousness, correct meaning
生計, せいけい -livelihood, living
政権, せいけん -administration, political power
精巧, せいこう -elaborate, delicate, exquisite
制裁, せいさい -restraint, sanctions, punishment
政策, せいさく -political measures, policy
清算, せいさん -liquidation, settlement
星座, せいざ -constellation
生死, せいし -life and death
静止, せいし -stillness, repose, standing still
青春, せいしゅん -youth, springtime of life, adolescent
聖書, せいしょ -Bible, scriptures
誠実, せいじつ -sincere, honest, faithful
成熟, せいじゅく -maturity, ripeness
清純, せいじゅん -purity, innocence
正常, せいじょう -normalcy, normality, normal
制する, せいする -to control, to command, to get the better of
整然, せいぜん -orderly, regular, well-organized, trim, accurate
盛装, せいそう -be dressed up, wear rich clothes
盛大, せいだい -grand, prosperous, magnificent
清濁, せいだく -good and evil, purity and impurity
制定, せいてい -enactment, establishment, creation
静的, せいてき -static
製鉄, せいてつ -iron manufacture
晴天, せいてん -fine weather
正当, せいとう -just, justifiable, right, due, proper, equitable, reasonable, legitimate, lawful
成年, せいねん -majority, adult age
制服, せいふく -uniform
征服, せいふく -conquest, subjugation, overcoming
製法, せいほう -manufacturing method, recipe, formula
精密, せいみつ -precise, exact, detailed, minute, close
声明, せいめい -declaration, statement, proclamation
姓名, せいめい -full name
制約, せいやく -limitation, restriction, condition, constraints
生理, せいり -physiology, menses
勢力, せいりょく -influence, power, might, strength, potency, force, energy
整列, せいれつ -stand in a row, form a line
急かす, せかす -to hurry, to urge on
伜, せがれ -son, my son
責務, せきむ -duty, obligation
世辞, せじ -flattery, compliment
世帯, せたい -household
世代, せだい -generation, the world, the age
切開, せっかい -clearing (land), opening up, cutting through
接触, せっしょく -touch, contact
設置, せっち -establishment, institution
折衷, せっちゅう -compromise, cross, blending, eclecticism
設定, せってい -establishment, creation
説得, せっとく -persuasion
節, せつ -node, section, occasion, time
切実, せつじつ -compelling, serious, severe, acute, earnest, pressing, urgent
接続詞, せつぞくし -conjunction
切ない, せつない -painful, trying, oppressive, suffocating
設立, せつりつ -establishment, foundation, institution
攻め, せめ -attack, offence
世論, せろん -public opinion
仙, せん -hermit, wizard
前, せん -before
繊維, せんい -fibre, fiber, textile
選挙, せんきょ -election
宣教, せんきょう -religious mission
宣言, せんげん -declaration, proclamation, announcement
先行, せんこう -preceding, going first
選考, せんこう -selection, screening
戦災, せんさい -war damage
専修, せんしゅう -specialization
戦術, せんじゅつ -tactics
潜水, せんすい -diving
先先月, せんせんげつ -month before last
先先週, せんせんしゅう -week before last
先代, せんだい -family predecessor, previous age, previous generation
先だって, せんだって -recently, the other day
先着, せんちゃく -first arrival
先天的, せんてんてき -a priori, inborn, innate, inherent, congenital, hereditary
戦闘, せんとう -battle, fight, combat
潜入, せんにゅう -infiltration, sneaking in
船舶, せんぱく -ship
専用, せんよう -exclusive use, personal use
占領, せんりょう -occupation, capture, possession, have a room to oneself
戦力, せんりょく -war potential
税務署, ぜいむしょ -tax office
是正, ぜせい -correction, revision
絶版, ぜっぱん -out of print
絶望, ぜつぼう -despair, hopelessness
是非とも, ぜひとも -by all means (with sense of not taking no for an answer)
膳, ぜん -(small) table, tray, meal
禅, ぜん -Zen (Buddhism)
全快, ぜんかい -complete recovery of health
全盛, ぜんせい -height of prosperity
前提, ぜんてい -preamble, premise, reason, prerequisite
前途, ぜんと -future prospects, outlook, the journey ahead
全滅, ぜんめつ -annihilation
善良, ぜんりょう -goodness, excellence, virtue
前例, ぜんれい -precedent
僧, そう -monk, priest
沿う, そう -to run along, to follow
添う, そう -to accompany, to become married, to comply with
総, そう -whole, all, general, gross
相応, そうおう -suitability, fitness
総会, そうかい -general meeting
創刊, そうかん -launching (e.g. newspaper), first issue
送金, そうきん -remittance, sending money
走行, そうこう -running a wheeled vehicle (e.g. car), traveling
総合, そうごう -synthesis, coordination, putting together, integration, composite
捜査, そうさ -search (esp. in criminal investigations), investigation
捜索, そうさく -search (esp. for someone or something missing), investigation
然うして, そうして -and, like that
装飾, そうしょく -ornament
操縦, そうじゅう -management, handling, control, manipulation
創造, そうぞう -creation
壮大, そうだい -magnificent, grand, majestic, splendid
騒動, そうどう -strife, riot, rebellion
遭難, そうなん -disaster, shipwreck, accident
相場, そうば -market price, speculation, estimation
装備, そうび -equipment
創立, そうりつ -establishment, founding, organization
添える, そえる -to add to, to attach, to append, to accompany, to garnish, to imitate, to annex
即座に, そくざに -immediately, right away
促進, そくしん -promotion, acceleration, encouragement, facilitation, spurring on
即する, そくする -to conform to, to agree with, to be adapted to, to be based on
束縛, そくばく -restraint, shackles, restriction, confinement, binding
側面, そくめん -side, flank, sidelight, lateral
其処, そこ -that place, there
其処で, そこで -so (conj), accordingly, now, then, thereupon
損なう, そこなう -to harm, to hurt, to injure, to damage, to fail in doing
其処ら, そこら -everywhere, somewhere, approximately, that area, around there
素材, そざい -raw materials, subject matter
阻止, そし -obstruction, check, hindrance, prevention, interdiction
然して, そして -and
訴訟, そしょう -litigation, lawsuit
育ち, そだち -breeding, growth
措置, そち -measure, step
其方, そちら -over there, the other
素っ気ない, そっけない -cold, short, curt, blunt
率直, そっちょく -frankness, candour, openheartedness
外方, そっぽ -look (or turn) the other way
備え付ける, そなえつける -to provide, to furnish, to equip, to install
備わる, そなわる -to be furnished with, to be endowed with, to possess, to be among, to be one of, to be possessed of
園, その -garden, park, plantation
その上, そのうえ -in addition, furthermore
その内, そのうち -eventually, sooner or later, of the previously mentioned
その為, そのため -hence, for that reason
その外, そのほか -besides, in addition, the rest
其の儘, そのまま -without change, as it is (i.e. now)
聳える, そびえる -to rise, to tower, to soar
素朴, そぼく -simplicity, artlessness, naivete
染まる, そまる -to dye
背く, そむく -to run counter to, to go against, to disobey, to infringe
染める, そめる -to dye, to colour
逸らす, そらす -to turn away, to avert
反り, そり -warp, curvature, curve, arch
其れ, それ -it, that
其れから, それから -and then, after that
各々, それぞれ -each, every, either, respectively, severally
其れで, それで -and (conj), thereupon, because of that
其れでは, それでは -in that situation, well then ...
其れでも, それでも -but (still), and yet, nevertheless, even so, notwithstanding
其れ共, それとも -or, or else
其れに, それに -besides, moreover
其れ程, それほど -to that degree, extent
其れ故, それゆえ -therefore, for that reason, so
揃い, そろい -set, suit, uniform
徐々, そろそろ -gradually, steadily, quietly, slowly, soon
損失, そんしつ -loss
存続, そんぞく -duration, continuance
沿い, ぞい -along
像, ぞう -statue, image, figure, picture, portrait
増強, ぞうきょう -augment, reinforce, increase
蔵相, ぞうしょう -Minister of Finance
増進, ぞうしん -promoting, increase, advance
ぞんざい -rude, careless, slovenly
他意, たい -ill will, malice, another intention, secret purpose, ulterior motive, fickleness, double-mindedness
対応, たいおう -interaction, correspondence, coping with, dealing with
退化, たいか -degeneration, retrogression
体格, たいかく -physique, constitution
大概, たいがい -in general, mainly
退学, たいがく -dropping out of school
大金, たいきん -great cost
待遇, たいぐう -treatment, reception
対決, たいけつ -confrontation, showdown
体験, たいけん -personal experience
対抗, たいこう -opposition, antagonism
対して, たいして -for, in regard to, per
大衆, たいしゅう -general public
対処, たいしょ -deal with, cope
退職, たいしょく -retirement (from office)
退治, たいじ -extermination
態勢, たいせい -attitude, conditions, preparations
対談, たいだん -talk, dialogue, conversation
対等, たいとう -equivalent
滞納, たいのう -non-payment, default
対比, たいひ -contrast, comparison
大部, たいぶ -most (e.g. most part), greater, fairly, a good deal, much
対辺, たいへん -(geometrical) opposite side
待望, たいぼう -expectant waiting
怠慢, たいまん -negligence, procrastination, carelessness
対面, たいめん -interview, meeting
対立, たいりつ -confrontation, opposition, antagonism
体力, たいりょく -physical strength
対話, たいわ -interactive, interaction, conversation, dialogue
耐える, たえる -to bear, to endure
絶える, たえる -to die out, to peter out, to become extinct
堪える, たえる -to bear, to stand, to endure, to put up with, to support, to withstand, to resist, to brave, to be fit for, t
高, たか -quantity, amount, volume, number, amount of money
高まる, たかまる -to rise, to swell, to be promoted
焚火, たきび -(open) fire
沢山, たくさん -many, a lot, much
逞しい, たくましい -burly, strong, sturdy
巧み, たくみ -skill, cleverness
類, たぐい -a kind
丈, たけ -height, stature, length, measure, all (one has)
足し算, たしざん -addition
多数決, たすうけつ -majority rule
助け, たすけ -assistance
携わる, たずさわる -to participate, to take part
漂う, ただよう -to drift about, to float, to hang in air
館, たち -1. mansion, small castle
立方, たちかた -dancing (geisha)
忽ち, たちまち -at once, in a moment, suddenly, all at once
立ち寄る, たちよる -to stop by, to drop in for a short visit
達者, たっしゃ -skillful, in good health
達成, たっせい -achievement
たった -only, merely, but, no more than
尊い, たっとい -precious, valuable, priceless, noble, exalted, sacred
貴い, たっとい -precious, valuable, priceless, noble, exalted, sacred
尊ぶ, たっとぶ -to value, to prize, to esteem
絶つ, たつ -to sever, to cut off, to suppress, to abstain (from)
盾, たて -shield, buckler, escutcheon, pretext
建前, たてまえ -face, official stance, public position or attitude (as opposed to private thoughts)
奉る, たてまつる -to offer, to present, to revere, to do respectfully
例え, たとえ -example, even if, if, though, although
仮令, たとえ -example, even if, if, though, although
他動詞, たどうし -transitive verb (direct obj)
辿り着く, たどりつく -to grope along to, to struggle on to, to arrive somewhere after a struggle
辿る, たどる -to follow (road), to pursue (course), to follow up
掌, たなごころ -the palm
楽しむ, たのしむ -to enjoy oneself
頼み, たのみ -request, favor, reliance, dependence
煙草, たばこ -(pt:) (n) (uk) tobacco (pt: tabaco), cigarettes
度々, たびたび -often, repeatedly, frequently
他方, たほう -another side, different direction, (on) the other hand
多忙, たぼう -busy, pressure of work
給う, たまう -to receive, to grant
偶に, たまに -occasionally, once in a while
堪らない, たまらない -intolerable, unbearable, unendurable
溜まり, たまり -collected things, gathering place, arrears
賜る, たまわる -to grant, to bestow
例, ためし -instance, example, case, precedent, experience, custom, usage, parallel, illustration
躊躇う, ためらう -to hesitate
保つ, たもつ -to keep, to preserve, to hold, to retain, to maintain, to support, to sustain, to last, to endure, to keep we
容易い, たやすい -easy, simple, light
多様, たよう -diversity, variety
弛み, たるみ -slack, slackening, dullness, letdown
弛む, たるむ -to slacken, to loosen, to relax
誰, たれ -adjectival suffix for a person
垂れる, たれる -to hang, to droop, to drop, to lower, to pull down, to dangle, to sag, to drip, to ooze, to trickle, to leave
歎, たん -grief, sigh, lamentation
反, たん -roll of cloth (c. 10 yds.), .245 acres, 300 tsubo
単一, たんいつ -single, simple, sole, individual, unitory
短歌, たんか -tanka, 31-syllable Japanese poem
担架, たんか -stretcher, litter
短気, たんき -quick temper
探検, たんけん -exploration, expedition
短縮, たんしゅく -shortening, abbreviation, reduction
箪笥, たんす -chest of drawers
炭素, たんそ -carbon (C)
短大, たんだい -junior college
単調, たんちょう -monotony, monotone, dullness
単独, たんどく -sole, independence, single, solo (flight)
短波, たんぱ -short wave
蛋白質, たんぱくしつ -protein
第, だい -ordinal
第一, だいいち -first, foremost, # 1
大胆, だいたん -bold, daring, audacious
台無し, だいなし -mess, spoiled, (come to) nothing
大便, だいべん -feces, excrement, shit
代弁, だいべん -pay by proxy, act for another, speak for another
台本, だいほん -libretto, scenario
代用, だいよう -substitution
打開, だかい -break in the deadlock
妥協, だきょう -compromise, giving in
丈, だけ -only, just, as
妥結, だけつ -agreement
打撃, だげき -1. blow, shock, strike, damage, 2. batting (baseball)
駄作, ださく -poor work, rubbish
脱出, だっしゅつ -escape
脱する, だっする -to escape from, to get out
脱退, だったい -secession
だぶだぶ -loose, baggy
騙す, だます -to trick, to cheat, to deceive
だらけ -implying (negatively) that something is full of e.g. mistakes
怠い, だるい -sluggish, feel heavy, languid, dull
壇, だん -1. platform, podium, rostrum, 2. (arch) mandala
団結, だんけつ -unity, union, combination
断言, だんげん -declaration, affirmation
断然, だんぜん -firmly, absolutely, definitely
段々, だんだん -gradually, by degrees
旦那, だんな -master (of house), husband (informal)
断面, だんめん -cross section
弾力, だんりょく -elasticity, flexibility
治安, ちあん -public order
近付く, ちかづく -to approach, to get near, to get acquainted with, to get closer
違える, ちがえる -to change
契る, ちぎる -to pledge, to promise, to swear
畜産, ちくさん -animal husbandry
畜生, ちくしょう -beast, brute, damn
蓄積, ちくせき -accumulation, accumulate, store
知性, ちせい -intelligence
乳, ちち -milk, breast, loop
父母, ちちはは -father and mother, parents
縮まる, ちぢまる -to be shortened, to be contracted, to shrink
窒息, ちっそく -suffocation
些とも, ちっとも -not at all (neg. verb)
秩序, ちつじょ -order, regularity, system, method
知的, ちてき -intellectual
著, ちゃく -counter for suits of clothing, arriving at ..
着, ちゃく -counter for suits of clothing, arriving at ..
着手, ちゃくしゅ -embarkation, launch
着色, ちゃくしょく -colouring, coloring
着席, ちゃくせき -sit down, seat
着目, ちゃくもく -attention
着陸, ちゃくりく -landing, alighting, touch down
着工, ちゃっこう -start of (construction) work
茶の間, ちゃのま -living room (Japanese style)
茶の湯, ちゃのゆ -tea ceremony
ちやほや -pamper, make a fuss of, spoil
昼間, ちゅうかん -daytime, during the day
宙返り, ちゅうがえり -somersault, looping-the-loop
中継, ちゅうけい -relay, hook-up
忠告, ちゅうこく -advice, warning
中指, ちゅうし -middle finger
中傷, ちゅうしょう -slander, libel, defamation
忠実, ちゅうじつ -fidelity, faithfulness
中枢, ちゅうすう -centre, pivot, mainstay, nucleus, backbone, central figure, pillar, key man
抽選, ちゅうせん -lottery, raffle, drawing (of lots)
中断, ちゅうだん -interruption, suspension, break
中腹, ちゅうっぱら -irritated, offended
中毒, ちゅうどく -poisoning
仲人, ちゅうにん -go-between, matchmaker
昼飯, ちゅうはん -lunch, midday meal
中立, ちゅうりつ -neutrality
中和, ちゅうわ -neutralize, counteract
腸, ちょう -guts, bowels, intestines
蝶, ちょう -butterfly
超, ちょう -super-, ultra-, hyper-
庁, ちょう -government office
調印, ちょういん -signature, sign, sealing
聴覚, ちょうかく -the sense of hearing
長官, ちょうかん -chief, (government) secretary
聴講, ちょうこう -lecture attendance, auditing
徴収, ちょうしゅう -collection, levy
聴診器, ちょうしんき -stethoscope
挑戦, ちょうせん -challenge, defiance
長大, ちょうだい -very long, great length
調停, ちょうてい -arbitration, conciliation, mediation
恰度, ちょうど -just, right, exactly
長編, ちょうへん -long (e.g. novel film)
丁目, ちょうめ -district of a town, city block (of irregular size)
調理, ちょうり -cooking
調和, ちょうわ -harmony
ちょくちょく -often, frequently, now and then, occasionally
直面, ちょくめん -confrontation
著書, ちょしょ -literary work, book
貯蓄, ちょちく -savings
直感, ちょっかん -intuition
一寸, ちょっと -(ateji) (adv int) (uk) just a minute, a short time, a while, just a little, somewhat, easily, readily, rath
著名, ちょめい -well-known, noted, celebrated
ちらっと -at a glance, by accident
塵取り, ちりとり -dustpan
治療, ちりょう -medical treatment
賃金, ちんぎん -wages
沈殿, ちんでん -precipitation, settlement
沈没, ちんぼつ -sinking, foundering
沈黙, ちんもく -silence, reticence
陳列, ちんれつ -exhibition, display, show
追及, ついきゅう -gaining on, carrying out, solving (crime)
追跡, ついせき -pursuit
次いで, ついで -next, secondly, subsequently
追放, ついほう -exile, banishment
費やす, ついやす -to spend, to devote, to waste
墜落, ついらく -falling, crashing
通, つう -connoisseur, counter for letters
痛感, つうかん -feeling keenly, fully realizing
通常, つうじょう -common, general, usually
痛切, つうせつ -keen, acute
杖, つえ -cane
遣い, つかい -mission, simple task, doing
使い道, つかいみち -use
仕える, つかえる -to serve, to work for
司る, つかさどる -to rule, to govern, to administer
束の間, つかのま -moment, brief time, brief, transient
付き, つき -attached to, impression, sociality, appearance, furnished with, under, to
付き合う, つきあう -to associate with, to keep company with, to get on with
月並み, つきなみ -every month, common
尽きる, つきる -to be used up, to be run out, to be exhausted, to be consumed, to come to an end
継ぎ目, つぎめ -a joint, joining point
吐く, つく -1. to breathe, 2. to tell (lies), 3. to vomit, to disgorge
尽くす, つくす -to exhaust, to run out, to serve (a person), to befriend
作り, つくり -make-up, sliced raw fish
造り, つくり -make up, structure, physique
造る, つくる -to make, to create, to manufacture, to draw up, to write, to compose, to build, to coin, to cultivate, to org
繕う, つくろう -to mend, to repair, to fix, to patch up, to darn, to tidy up, to adjust, to trim
接ぐ, つぐ -to join, to piece together, to set (bones), to graft (trees)
継ぐ, つぐ -to succeed
付け加える, つけくわえる -to add one thing to another
告げる, つげる -to inform
辻褄, つじつま -coherence, consistency
途中, つちゅう -on the way, en route
突っ張る, つっぱる -to support, to become stiff, to become taut, to thrust (ones opponent), to stick to (ones opinion), to in
筒, つつ -pipe, tube
銃, つつ -gun
突く, つつく -1. to thrust, to strike, to attack, 2. to poke, to nudge, to pick at
慎む, つつしむ -to be careful, to be chaste or discreet, to abstain or refrain
伝言, つてごと -verbal message, rumor, word
勤まる, つとまる -to be fit for, to be equal to, to function properly
勤め先, つとめさき -place of work
努めて, つとめて -make an effort!, work hard!
津波, つなみ -tsunami, tidal wave
抓る, つねる -to pinch
募る, つのる -to invite, to solicit help participation etc
唾, つば -saliva, sputum
呟く, つぶやく -to mutter, to murmur
瞑る, つぶる -to close the eyes
壷, つぼ -tsubo jar, pot, vase
蕾, つぼみ -bud, flower bud
躓く, つまずく -to stumble, to trip
摘む, つまむ -to pinch, to hold, to pick up
詰らない, つまらない -insignificant, boring, trifling
詰まり, つまり -in short, in brief, in other words, that is to say, in the long run, after all, blockade, stuffing, ultimate
積もり, つもり -intention, plan
露, つゆ -dew
強まる, つよまる -to get strong, to gain strength
強める, つよめる -to strengthen, to emphasize
連なる, つらなる -to extend, to stretch out, to stand in a row
貫く, つらぬく -to go through
連ねる, つらねる -to link, to join, to put together
釣り, つり -fishing, angling
吊り革, つりかわ -strap
釣鐘, つりがね -hanging bell
吊るす, つるす -to hang
手当て, てあて -allowance, compensation, treatment, medical care
体, てい -appearance, air, condition, state, form
提供, ていきょう -offer, tender, program sponsoring, furnishing
定義, ていぎ -definition
提携, ていけい -cooperation, tie-up, joint business, link-up
体裁, ていさい -decency, style, form, appearance, show, get-up, format
梯子, ていし -ladder, stairs
定食, ていしょく -set meal, special (of the day)
提示, ていじ -presentation, exhibit, suggest, citation
訂正, ていせい -correction, revision
停滞, ていたい -stagnation, tie-up, congestion, retention, accumulation, falling into arrears
邸宅, ていたく -mansion, residence
定年, ていねん -retirement age
堤防, ていぼう -bank, weir
手遅れ, ておくれ -too late, belated treatment
手数, てかず -number of moves, trouble
手掛かり, てがかり -contact, trail, scent, on hand, hand hold, clue, key
手掛ける, てがける -to handle, to manage, to work with, to rear, to look after, to have experience with
手軽, てがる -easy, simple, informal, offhand, cheap
NAME?
適応, てきおう -adaptation, accommodation, conformity
適宜, てきぎ -suitability
適性, てきせい -aptitude
手際, てぎわ -performance, skill, tact
手順, てじゅん -process, procedure, protocol
手錠, てじょう -handcuffs, manacles
手近, てぢか -near, handy, familiar
てっきり -surely, certainly, beyond doubt
鉄鋼, てっこう -iron and steel
徹する, てっする -to sink in, to penetrate, to devote oneself, to believe in, to go through, to do intently and exclusively
鉄片, てっぺん -iron scraps
手配, てはい -arrangement, search (by police)
手筈, てはず -arrangement, plan, programme
手引き, てびき -guidance, guide, introduction
手本, てほん -model, pattern
手回し, てまわし -preparations, arrangements
手元, てもと -on hand, at hand, at home
照り返す, てりかえす -to reflect, to throw back light
手分け, てわけ -division of labour
店, てん -store, shop, establishment
点火, てんか -ignition, lighting, set fire to
転回, てんかい -revolution, rotation
転換, てんかん -convert, divert
転居, てんきょ -moving, changing residence
転勤, てんきん -transfer, transmission
点検, てんけん -inspection, examination, checking
転校, てんこう -change schools
天国, てんごく -paradise, heaven, Kingdom of Heaven
天才, てんさい -genius, prodigy, natural gift
天災, てんさい -natural calamity, disaster
展示, てんじ -exhibition, display
天井, てんじょう -ceiling, ceiling price
転じる, てんじる -to turn, to shift, to alter, to distract
点線, てんせん -dotted line, perforated line
天体, てんたい -heavenly body
転転, てんてん -rolling about, moving from place to place, being passed around repeatedly
てんで -(not) at all, altogether, entirely
転任, てんにん -change of post
展望, てんぼう -view, outlook, prospect
転落, てんらく -fall, degradation, slump
出合う, であう -to meet by chance, to come across, to happen to encounter, to hold a rendezvous, to have a date
出入り口, でいりぐち -exit and entrance
でかい -huge
出来物, できもの -able man, tumour, growth, boil, ulcer, abcess, rash, pimple
出切る, できる -to be out of, to have no more at hand
出くわす, でくわす -to happen to meet, to come across
出鱈目, でたらめ -irresponsible utterance, nonsense, nonsensical, random, haphazard, unsystematic
出直し, でなおし -adjustment, touch up
田園, でんえん -country, rural districts
電源, でんげん -source of electricity, power (button on TV etc.)
伝説, でんせつ -tradition, legend, folklore
電線, でんせん -electric line
伝達, でんたつ -transmission (e.g. news), communication, delivery
伝来, でんらい -ancestral, hereditary, imported, transmitted, handed down
と -1. if (conjunction), 2. promoted pawn (shogi) (abbr)
問い合わせる, といあわせる -to enquire, to seek information
問屋, といや -wholesale store
問う, とう -to ask, to question, to charge (i.e. with a crime), to accuse, without regard to (neg)
棟, とう -place, section, building
等, とう -et cetera, etc., and the like
陶器, とうき -pottery, ceramics
等級, とうきゅう -grade, class
討議, とうぎ -debate, discussion
登校, とうこう -attendance (at school)
統合, とうごう -integration, unification, synthesis
倒産, とうさん -(corporate) bankruptcy, insolvency
投資, とうし -investment
統治, とうじ -rule, reign, government, governing
統制, とうせい -regulation, control
当選, とうせん -being elected, winning the prize
逃走, とうそう -flight, desertion, escape
統率, とうそつ -command, lead, generalship, leadership
到達, とうたつ -reaching, attaining, arrival
到底, とうてい -(cannot) possibly
丁々, とうとう -clashing of swords, felling of trees, ringing of an ax
投入, とうにゅう -throw, investment, making (an electrical circuit)
当人, とうにん -the one concerned, the said person
逃亡, とうぼう -escape
冬眠, とうみん -hibernation, winter sleep
登録, とうろく -registration, register, entry, record
討論, とうろん -debate, discussion
遠ざかる, とおざかる -to go far off
遠回り, とおまわり -detour, roundabout way
通りかかる, とおりかかる -to happen to pass by
兎角, とかく -anyhow, anyway, somehow or other, generally speaking, in any case, this and that, many, be apt to
咎める, とがめる -to blame, to find fault, to take someone to task, to aggravate (an injury)
時折, ときおり -sometimes
跡切れる, とぎれる -to pause, to be interrupted
説く, とく -to explain, to advocate, to preach, to persuade
特技, とくぎ -special skill
特産, とくさん -specialty, special product
特集, とくしゅう -feature (e.g. newspaper), special edition, report
得点, とくてん -score, points made, marks obtained, runs
特派, とくは -send specially, special envoy
特有, とくゆう -characteristic (of), peculiar (to)
研ぐ, とぐ -to sharpen, to grind, to scour, to hone, to polish, to wash (rice)
刺, とげ -thorn, splinter, spine, biting words
遂げる, とげる -to accomplish, to achieve, to carry out
床, とこ -bed, sickbed, alcove, padding
所が, ところが -however, while, even if
所で, ところで -by the way, even if, no matter what
年頃, としごろ -age, marriageable age, age of puberty, adolescence, for some years
年寄り, としより -old people, the aged
戸締り, とじまり -closing up, fastening the doors
途上, とじょう -en route, half way
綴じる, とじる -to bind, to file
途絶える, とだえる -to stop, to cease, to come to an end
特許, とっきょ -special permission, patent
疾っくに, とっくに -long ago, already, a long time ago
特権, とっけん -privilege, special right
咄嗟, とっさ -moment, instant
取っ手, とって -handle, grip, knob
突破, とっぱ -breaking through, breakthrough, penetration
突如, とつじょ -suddenly, all of a sudden
迚も, とても -very, awfully, exceedingly
整える, ととのえる -to put in order, to get ready, to arrange, to adjust
届け, とどけ -report, notification, registration
滞る, とどこおる -to stagnate, to be delayed
止まる, とどまる -to be limited to
留める, とどめる -to stop, to cease, to put an end to
止める, とどめる -to stop, to cease, to put an end to
唱える, となえる -to recite, to chant, to call upon
兎に角, とにかく -anyhow, at any rate, anyway, somehow or other, generally speaking, in any case
殿様, とのさま -feudal lord
幕, とばり -curtain, bunting, act (in play)
帳, とばり -curtain
扉, とびら -door, opening
徒歩, とほ -walking, going on foot
乏しい, とぼしい -meagre, scarce, limited, destitute, hard up, scanty, poor
富, とみ -wealth, fortune
富む, とむ -to be rich, to become rich
兎も角, ともかく -anyhow, anyway, somehow or other, generally speaking, in any case
共稼ぎ, ともかせぎ -working together, (husband and wife) earning a living together
灯, ともしび -light
伴う, ともなう -to accompany, to bring with, to be accompanied by, to be involved in
共働き, ともばたらき -dual income
捕らえる, とらえる -to seize, to grasp, to capture, to arrest
取りあえず, とりあえず -at once, first of all, for the time being
取り扱い, とりあつかい -treatment, service, handling, management
取り扱う, とりあつかう -to treat, to handle, to deal in
鳥居, とりい -torii (Shinto shrine archway)
取り替え, とりかえ -swap, exchange
取り組む, とりくむ -to tackle, to wrestle with, to engage in a bout, to come to grips with
取り締まり, とりしまり -control, management, supervision
取り締まる, とりしまる -to manage, to control, to supervise
取り調べる, とりしらべる -to investigate, to examine
取り立てる, とりたてる -to collect, to extort, to appoint, to promote
取り次ぐ, とりつぐ -to act as an agent for, to announce (someone), to convey (a message)
取り除く, とりのぞく -to remove, to take away, to set apart
取り引き, とりひき -transactions, dealings, business
取り巻く, とりまく -to surround, to circle, to enclose
取り混ぜる, とりまぜる -to mix, to put together
取り戻す, とりもどす -to take back, to regain
取り寄せる, とりよせる -to order, to send away for
取り分, とりわけ -especially, above all
副, とりわけ -especially, above all
蕩ける, とろける -to be enchanted with
とんだ -terrible, awful, serious, preposterous, absolutely not
胴, どう -trunk, body, frame
働, どう -work, labor
同, どう -the same, the said, ibid.
同意, どうい -agreement, consent, same meaning, same opinion, approval
動員, どういん -mobilization
同感, どうかん -agreement, same opinion, same feeling, sympathy, concurrence
動機, どうき -motive, incentive
同級, どうきゅう -the same grade, same class
同居, どうきょ -living together
動向, どうこう -trend, tendency, movement, attitude
同士, どうし -fellow, companion, comrade
同志, どうし -same mind, comrade, kindred soul
如何して, どうして -why?, for what reason, how, in what way, for what purpose, what for
如何しても, どうしても -by all means, at any cost, no matter what, after all, in the long run, cravingly, at any rate, surely
同情, どうじょう -sympathy, compassion, sympathize, pity, feel for
道場, どうじょう -dojo, hall used for martial arts training, mandala
何卒, どうぞ -please, kindly, by all means
どうぞ宜しく, どうぞよろしく -pleased to meet you
同調, どうちょう -sympathy, agree with, alignment, tuning
動的, どうてき -dynamic, kinetic
同等, どうとう -equality, equal, same rights, same rank
堂々, どうどう -magnificent, grand, impressive
どうにか -in some way or other, one way or another
導入, どうにゅう -introduction, bringing in, leading in
同封, どうふう -enclosure (e.g. in a letter)
同盟, どうめい -alliance, union, league
どうやら -it seems like, somehow or other
動揺, どうよう -disturbance, unrest, shaking, trembling, pitching, rolling, oscillation, agitation, excitement, commotion
動力, どうりょく -power, motive power, dynamic force
独裁, どくさい -dictatorship, despotism
読者, どくしゃ -reader
独自, どくじ -original, peculiar, characteristic
独占, どくせん -monopoly
独創, どくそう -originality
何処, どこ -where, what place
何処か, どこか -somewhere, anywhere, in some respects
土産, どさん -product of the land
土台, どだい -foundation, base, basis
何方, どちら -which, who
土手, どて -embankment, bank
何方, どなた -who?
怒鳴る, どなる -to shout, to yell
何の, どの -which, what
土俵, どひょう -arena
土木, どぼく -public works
何れ, どれ -well, now, let me see, which (of three or more)
何々, どれどれ -which (emphatic)
度忘れ, どわすれ -lapse of memory, forget for a moment
鈍感, どんかん -thickheadedness, stolidity
内閣, ないかく -cabinet, (government) ministry
乃至, ないし -from...to, between...and, or
内臓, ないぞう -internal organs, intestines, viscera
内部, ないぶ -interior, inside, internal
内乱, ないらん -civil war, insurrection, rebellion, domestic conflict
内陸, ないりく -inland
苗, なえ -rice seedling
尚, なお -furthermore, still, yet, more, still more, greater, further, less
尚更, なおさら -all the more, still less
中程, なかほど -middle, midway
流し, ながし -sink
長々, ながなが -long, drawn-out, very long
殴る, なぐる -to strike, to hit
嘆く, なげく -to sigh, to lament, to grieve
投げ出す, なげだす -to throw down, to abandon, to sacrifice, to throw out
和やか, なごやか -mild, calm, gentle, quiet, harmonious
名残, なごり -remains, traces, memory
情け, なさけ -sympathy, compassion
情け深い, なさけぶかい -tender-hearted, compassionate
為さる, なさる -to do
詰る, なじる -to rebuke, to scold, to tell off
何故, なぜ -why, how
何故なら, なぜなら -because
名高い, なだかい -famous, celebrated, well-known
雪崩, なだれ -avalanche
懐く, なつく -to become emotionally attached
名付ける, なづける -to name (someone)
何気ない, なにげない -casual, unconcerned
何しろ, なにしろ -at any rate, anyhow, anyway, in any case
何卒, なにとぞ -please
何も, なにも -nothing
何より, なにより -most, best
七日, なぬか -seven days, the seventh day (of the month)
名札, なふだ -name plate, name tag
生臭い, なまぐさい -smelling of fish or blood, fish or meat
生温い, なまぬるい -lukewarm, halfhearted
生身, なまみ -living flesh, flesh and blood, the quick
鉛, なまり -lead (the metal)
鈍る, なまる -to become less capable, to grow dull, to become blunt, to weaken
並み, なみ -average, medium, common, ordinary
滑らか, なめらか -smoothness, glassiness
嘗める, なめる -to lick, to taste, to experience, to make fun of, to make light of, to put down, to treat with contempt
悩ましい, なやましい -seductive, melancholy, languid
悩ます, なやます -to afflict, to torment, to harass, to molest
悩み, なやみ -trouble(s), worry, distress, anguish, agony, problem
平均, ならし -equilibrium, balance, average, mean
慣らす, ならす -to accustom
馴らす, ならす -to domesticate, to tame
並びに, ならびに -and
成り立つ, なりたつ -to conclude, to consist of, to be practical (logical feasible viable), to hold true
成る丈, なるたけ -as much as possible, if possible
成るべく, なるべく -as much as possible
慣れ, なれ -practice, experience
馴れ馴れしい, なれなれしい -over-familiar
難, なん -difficulty, hardships, defect
南, なん -south
なんか -things like ..., or something like that .. (often derogatory)
何だか, なんだか -a little, somewhat, somehow
なんだかんだ -something or other
何て, なんて -how...!, what...!
何と, なんと -what, how, whatever
何となく, なんとなく -somehow or other, for some reason or another
何とも, なんとも -nothing (with neg. verb), quite, not a bit
何なり, なんなり -any, anything, whatever
荷, に -load, baggage, cargo
似通う, にかよう -to resemble closely
面皰, にきび -pimple, acne
賑わう, にぎわう -to prosper, to flourish, to do thriving business, to be crowded with people
悪い, にくい -hateful, abominable, poor-looking
憎しみ, にくしみ -hatred
肉親, にくしん -blood relationship, blood relative
肉体, にくたい -the body, the flesh
逃げ出す, にげだす -to run away, to escape from
西日, にしび -westering sun
滲む, にじむ -to run, to blur, to spread, to blot, to ooze
日夜, にちや -day and night, always
日当, にっとう -daily allowance
荷造り, にづくり -packing, baling, crating
担う, になう -to carry on shoulder, to bear (burden), to shoulder (gun)
二人, ににん -two persons, two people, pair, couple
にも拘らず, にもかかわらず -in spite of, nevertheless
入手, にゅうしゅ -obtaining, coming to hand
入賞, にゅうしょう -winning a prize or place (in a contest)
入浴, にゅうよく -bathe, bathing
尿, にょう -urine
俄か, にわか -sudden, abrupt, unexpected, improvised, offhand
認識, にんしき -recognition, cognizance
妊娠, にんしん -conception, pregnancy
人情, にんじょう -humanity, empathy, kindness, sympathy, human nature, common sense, customs and manners
任務, にんむ -duty, function, office, mission, task
任命, にんめい -appointment, nomination, ordination, commission, designation
抜かす, ぬかす -to omit, to leave out
抜け出す, ぬけだす -to slip out, to sneak away, to excel
盗み, ぬすみ -stealing
沼, ぬま -swamp, bog, pond, lake
音, ね -sound, note
値打ち, ねうち -value, worth, price, dignity
寝かせる, ねかせる -to put to bed, to lay down, to ferment
捻子, ねじ -screw, helix, spiral
ねじ回し, ねじまわし -screwdriver
捻じれる, ねじれる -to twist, to wrench, to screw
鼠, ねず -1. mouse, rat, 2. dark gray, slate color
妬む, ねたむ -to be jealous, to be envious
強請る, ねだる -to tease, to coax, to solicit, to demand
熱湯, ねっとう -boiling water
熱意, ねつい -zeal, enthusiasm
熱量, ねつりょう -temperature
粘り, ねばり -stickyness, viscosity
粘る, ねばる -to be sticky, to be adhesive, to persevere, to persist, to stick to
値引き, ねびき -price reduction, discount
根回し, ねまわし -making necessary arrangements
眠たい, ねむたい -sleepy
練る, ねる -to knead, to work over, to polish up
念, ねん -sense, idea, thought, feeling, desire, concern, attention, care
年鑑, ねんかん -yearbook
年号, ねんごう -name of an era, year number
燃焼, ねんしょう -burning, combustion
年生, ねんせい -pupil in .... year, student in .... year
年長, ねんちょう -seniority
燃料, ねんりょう -fuel
年輪, ねんりん -annual tree ring
脳, のう -brain, memory
農耕, のうこう -farming, agriculture
農場, のうじょう -farm (agriculture)
農地, のうち -agricultural land
納入, のうにゅう -payment, supply
逃す, のがす -to let loose, to set free, to let escape
逃れる, のがれる -to escape
軒並み, のきなみ -row of houses
鋸, のこぎり -saw
望ましい, のぞましい -desirable, hoped for
臨む, のぞむ -to look out on, to face, to deal with, to attend (function)
乗っ取る, のっとる -to capture, to occupy, to usurp
長閑, のどか -tranquil, calm, quiet
罵る, ののしる -to speak ill of, to abuse
延べ, のべ -futures, credit (buying), stretching, total
飲み込む, のみこむ -to gulp down, to swallow deeply, to understand, to take in, to catch on to, to learn, to digest
乗り換え, のりかえ -transfer (trains buses etc.)
乗り込む, のりこむ -to board, to embark on, to get into (a car), to ship (passengers), to man (a ship), to help (someone) int
刃, は -edge (of a sword)
派, は -clique, faction, school
把握, はあく -grasp, catch, understanding
肺, はい -lung
廃棄, はいき -annullment, disposal, abandon, scrap, discarding, repeal
配給, はいきゅう -distribution (eg. films rice)
配偶者, はいぐうしゃ -spouse, wife, husband
拝啓, はいけい -Dear (so and so)
背景, はいけい -background, scenery, setting, circumstance
背後, はいご -back, rear
灰皿, はいさら -ashtray
廃止, はいし -abolition, repeal
拝借, はいしゃく -borrowing
排除, はいじょ -exclusion, removal, rejection
排水, はいすい -drainage
敗戦, はいせん -defeat, losing a war
配置, はいち -arrangement (of resources), disposition
配布, はいふ -distribution
配分, はいぶん -distribution, allotment
配慮, はいりょ -consideration, concern, forethought
配列, はいれつ -arrangement, array (programming)
映える, はえる -to shine, to look attractive, to look pretty
破壊, はかい -destruction
墓地, はかち -cemetery, graveyard
捗る, はかどる -to make progress, to move right ahead (with the work), to advance
果ない, はかない -fleeting, transient, short-lived, momentary, vain, fickle, miserable, empty, ephemeral
諮る, はかる -to consult with, to confer
図る, はかる -to plot, to attempt, to plan, to take in, to deceive, to devise, to design, to refer A to B
剥がす, はがす -to tear off, to peel off, to rip off, to strip off, to skin, to flay, to disrobe, to deprive of, to detach, t
破棄, はき -revocation, annulment, breaking (e.g. treaty)
泊, はく -counter for nights of a stay
迫害, はくがい -persecution
薄弱, はくじゃく -feebleness, weakness, weak
白状, はくじょう -confession
剥ぐ, はぐ -to tear off, to peel off, to rip off, to strip off, to skin, to flay, to disrobe, to deprive of
派遣, はけん -dispatch, send
励ます, はげます -to encourage, to cheer, to raise (the voice)
励む, はげむ -to be zealous, to brace oneself, to endeavour, to strive, to make an effort
剥げる, はげる -to come off, to be worn off, to fade, to discolor
鋏, はさみ -scissors
柱, はしら -pillar, post
橋渡し, はしわたし -bridge building, mediation
恥, はじ -shame, embarrassment
弾く, はじく -to flip, to snap
始め, はじめ -beginning, start, origin
始めまして, はじめまして -How do you do?, I am glad to meet you
恥じらう, はじらう -to feel shy, to be bashful, to blush
恥じる, はじる -to feel ashamed
蓮, はす -lotus
筈, はず -it should be so
弾む, はずむ -to spring, to bound, to bounce, to be stimulated, to be encouraged, to get lively, to treat oneself to, to
破損, はそん -damage
機, はた -loom
果たして, はたして -as was expected, really
果たす, はたす -to accomplish, to fulfill, to carry out, to achieve
裸足, はだし -barefoot
蜂蜜, はちみつ -honey
発掘, はっくつ -excavation, exhumation
発生, はっせい -outbreak, spring forth, occurrence, incidence, origin
発足, はっそく -starting, inauguration
初, はつ -first, new
発, はつ -departure, beginning, counter for gunshots
発育, はついく -(physical) growth, development
発芽, はつが -burgeoning
発言, はつげん -utterance, speech, proposal
発病, はつびょう -attack (disease)
初耳, はつみみ -something heard for the first time
果て, はて -the end, the extremity, the limit(s), the result
果てる, はてる -to end, to be finished, to be exhausted, to die, to perish
話し合い, はなしあい -discussion, conference
甚だ, はなはだ -very, greatly, exceedingly
華々しい, はなばなしい -brilliant, magnificent, spectacular
花びら, はなびら -(flower) petal
華やか, はなやか -gay, showy, brilliant, gorgeous, florid
阻む, はばむ -to keep someone from doing, to stop, to prevent, to check, to hinder, to obstruct, to oppose, to thwart
浜, はま -beach, seashore
浜辺, はまべ -beach, foreshore
填まる, はまる -to get into, to go into, to fit, to be fit for, to suit, to fall into, to plunge into, to be deceived, to be
歯磨, はみがき -dentifrice, toothpaste
填める, はめる -to get in, to insert, to put on, to make love
生やす, はやす -to grow, to cultivate, to wear beard
早める, はやめる -to hasten, to quicken, to expedite, to precipitate, to accelerate
流行, はやり -fashionable, fad, in vogue, prevailing
腹立ち, はらだち -anger
原っぱ, はらっぱ -open field, empty lot, plain
張り紙, はりがみ -paper patch, paper backing, poster
遥か, はるか -far, far-away, distant, remote, far off
破裂, はれつ -explosion, rupture, break off
腫れる, はれる -to swell (from inflammation), to become swollen
班, はん -group, party, section (mil)
判, はん -seal, stamp, monogram signature, judgment
版, はん -edition
繁栄, はんえい -prospering, prosperity, thriving, flourishing
反感, はんかん -antipathy, revolt, animosity
版画, はんが -art print
反響, はんきょう -echo, reverberation, repercussion, reaction, influence
判決, はんけつ -judicial decision, judgement, sentence, decree
反撃, はんげき -counterattack, counteroffensive, counterblow
反射, はんしゃ -reflection, reverberation
繁殖, はんしょく -breed, multiply, increase, propagation
繁盛, はんじょう -prosperity, flourishing, thriving
反する, はんする -to be inconsistent with, to oppose, to contradict, to transgress, to rebel
判定, はんてい -judgement, decision, award, verdict
反応, はんのう -reaction, response
半端, はんぱ -remnant, fragment, incomplete set, fraction, odd sum, incompleteness
反発, はんぱつ -repelling, rebound, recover, oppose
反乱, はんらん -insurrection, mutiny, rebellion, revolt, uprising
氾濫, はんらん -overflowing, flood
黴菌, ばいきん -bacteria, germ(s)
賠償, ばいしょう -reparations, indemnity, compensation
倍率, ばいりつ -diameter, magnification
馬鹿馬鹿しい, ばかばかしい -stupid
馬鹿らしい, ばからしい -absurd
漠然, ばくぜん -obscure, vague, equivocal
爆弾, ばくだん -bomb
爆破, ばくは -blast, explosion, blow up
暴露, ばくろ -disclosure, exposure, revelation
化ける, ばける -to appear in disguise, to take the form of, to change for the worse
罰, ばち -(divine) punishment, curse, retribution
伐, ばつ -strike, attack, punish
ばてる -to be exhausted, to be worn out
発条, ばね -spring (e.g. coil leaf)
散蒔く, ばらまく -to disseminate, to scatter, to give money freely
判, ばん -size (of paper or books)
万, ばん -many, all
万人, ばんじん -all people, everybody, 10000 people
万能, ばんのう -all-purpose, almighty, omnipotent
番目, ばんめ -cardinal number suffix
非, ひ -faulty-, non-
費, ひ -cost, expense
延いては, ひいては -not only...but also, in addition to, consequently
控室, ひかえしつ -waiting room
控える, ひかえる -to draw in, to hold back, to make notes, to be temperate in
悲観, ひかん -pessimism, disappointment
匹, ひき -head, small animal counter, roll of cloth
引き上げる, ひきあげる -to withdraw, to leave, to pull out, to retire
率いる, ひきいる -to lead, to spearhead (a group), to command (troops)
引き受ける, ひきうける -to undertake, to take up, to take over, to be responsible for, to guarantee, to contract (disease)
引き起こす, ひきおこす -to cause
引き下げる, ひきさげる -to pull down, to lower, to reduce, to withdraw
引きずる, ひきずる -to seduce, to drag along, to pull, to prolong, to support
引き取る, ひきとる -to take charge of, to take over, to retire to a private place
引き分け, ひきわけ -a draw (in competition), tie game
否決, ひけつ -rejection, negation, voting down
非行, ひこう -delinquency, misconduct
日頃, ひごろ -normally, habitually
久しい, ひさしい -long, long-continued, old (story)
久し振り, ひさしぶり -after a long time
悲惨, ひさん -misery
秘書, ひしょ -(private) secretary
比重, ひじゅう -specific gravity
密か, ひそか -secret, private, surreptitious
浸す, ひたす -to soak, to dip, to drench
一向, ひたすら -earnestly
左利き, ひだりきき -left-handedness, sake drinker, left-hander
引っ掻く, ひっかく -to scratch
引っ掛ける, ひっかける -1. to hang (something) on (something), to throw on (clothes), 2. to hook, to catch, to trap, to ensnar
必修, ひっしゅう -required (subject)
匹敵, ひってき -comparing with, match, rival, equal
未, ひつじ -eighth sign of Chinese zodiac (The Ram 1pm-3pm south-southwest June)
必然, ひつぜん -inevitable, necessary
一息, ひといき -puffy, a breath, a pause, an effort
単, ひとえ -one layer, single
人柄, ひとがら -personality, character, personal appearance, gentility
一頃, ひところ -once, some time ago
人質, ひとじち -hostage, prisoner
一筋, ひとすき -a line, earnestly, blindly, straightforwardly
一まず, ひとまず -for the present, once, in outline
一人でに, ひとりでに -by itself, automatically, naturally
酷い, ひどい -cruel, awful, severe, very bad, serious, terrible, heavy, violent
日取り, ひどり -fixed date, appointed day
雛, ひな -young bird, chick, doll
日向, ひなた -sunny place, in the sun
非難, ひなん -blame, attack, criticism
避難, ひなん -taking refuge, finding shelter
日の丸, ひのまる -the Japanese flag
火花, ひばな -spark
日々, ひび -every day, daily, day after day
悲鳴, ひめい -shriek, scream
百科事典, ひゃっかじてん -encyclopedia
百科辞典, ひゃっかじてん -encyclopedia
冷やかす, ひやかす -to banter, to make fun of, to jeer at, to cool, to refrigerate
日焼け, ひやけ -sunburn
票, ひょう -label, ballot, ticket, sign
標語, ひょうご -motto, slogan, catchword
ひょっと -possibly, accidentally
平たい, ひらたい -flat, even, level, simple, plain
比率, ひりつ -ratio, proportion, percentage
肥料, ひりょう -manure, fertilizer
比例, ひれい -proportion
疲労, ひろう -fatigue, weariness
広まる, ひろまる -to spread, to be propagated
貧困, ひんこん -poverty, lack
品質, ひんしつ -quality
品種, ひんしゅ -brand, kind, description
貧弱, ひんじゃく -poor, meagre, insubstantial
頻繁, ひんぱん -frequency
美, び -beauty
微笑, びしょう -smile
美術, びじゅつ -art, fine arts
吃驚, びっくり -be surprised, be amazed, be frightened, astonishment
びっしょり -wet through, drenched
描写, びょうしゃ -depiction, description, portrayal
びり -last on the list, at the bottom
微量, びりょう -minuscule amount, extremely small quantity
敏感, びんかん -sensibility, susceptibility, sensitive (to), well attuned to
貧乏, びんぼう -poverty, destitute, poor
歩, ふ -pawn (in chess or shogi)
不意, ふい -sudden, abrupt, unexpected, unforeseen
封, ふう -seal
封鎖, ふうさ -blockade, freezing (funds)
風習, ふうしゅう -custom
風俗, ふうぞく -1. manners, customs, 2. sex service, sex industry
風土, ふうど -natural features, topography, climate, spiritual features
不可欠, ふかけつ -indispensable, essential
深める, ふかめる -to deepen, to heighten, to intensify
不吉, ふきつ -ominous, sinister, bad luck, ill omen, inauspiciousness
不況, ふきょう -recession, depression, slump
布巾, ふきん -tea-towel, dish cloth
福, ふく -good fortune
復旧, ふくきゅう -restoration, restitution, rehabilitation
複合, ふくごう -composite, complex
福祉, ふくし -welfare, well-being
覆面, ふくめん -mask, veil, disguise
膨れる, ふくれる -to get cross, to get sulky, to swell (out), to expand, to be inflated, to distend, to bulge
不景気, ふけいき -business recession, hard times, depression, gloom, sullenness, cheerlessness
老ける, ふける -to age
布告, ふこく -edict, ordinance, proclamation
富豪, ふごう -wealthy person, millionaire
負債, ふさい -debt, liabilities
相応しい, ふさわしい -appropriate
不在, ふざい -absence
不山戯る, ふざける -to romp, to gambol, to frolic, to joke, to make fun of, to flirt
負傷, ふしょう -injury, wound
不審, ふしん -incomplete understanding, doubt, question, distrust, suspicion, strangeness, infidelity
不振, ふしん -dullness, depression, slump, stagnation
不順, ふじゅん -irregularity, unseasonableness
付属, ふぞく -attached, belonging, affiliated, annexed, associated, subordinate, incidental, dependent, auxiliary
負担, ふたん -burden, charge, responsibility
不調, ふちょう -bad condition, not to work out (ie a deal), disagreement, break-off, disorder, slump, out of form
復活, ふっかつ -revival (e.g. musical), restoration
復興, ふっこう -revival, renaissance, reconstruction
沸騰, ふっとう -boiling, seething
仏, ふつ -French
不図, ふと -suddenly, casually, accidentally, incidentally, unexpectedly, unintentionally
不当, ふとう -injustice, impropriety, unreasonableness, undeservedness, unfair, invalid
不動産, ふどうさん -real estate
赴任, ふにん -(proceeding to) new appointment
腐敗, ふはい -decay, depravity
不評, ふひょう -bad reputation, disgrace, unpopularity
不便, ふびん -pity, compassion
不服, ふふく -dissatisfaction, discontent, disapproval, objection, complaint, protest, disagreement
普遍, ふへん -universality, ubiquity, omnipresence
踏まえる, ふまえる -to be based on, to have origin in
文, ふみ -letter, writings
不明, ふめい -unknown, obscure, indistinct, uncertain, ambiguous, ignorant, lack of wisdom, anonymous, unidentified
扶養, ふよう -support, maintenance
振り, ふり -pretence, show, appearance
振り出し, ふりだし -outset, starting point, drawing or issuing (draft)
不良, ふりょう -badness, delinquent, inferiority, failure
浮力, ふりょく -buoyancy, floating power
震わせる, ふるわせる -to be shaking, to be trembling
付録, ふろく -appendix, supplement
分, ふん -minute
憤慨, ふんがい -indignation, resentment
紛失, ふんしつ -losing something
噴出, ふんしゅつ -spewing, gushing, spouting, eruption, effusion
紛争, ふんそう -dispute, trouble, strife
ふんだん -plentiful, abundant, lavish
奮闘, ふんとう -hard struggle, strenuous effort
粉末, ふんまつ -fine powder
部, ぶ -department, part, category, counter for copies of a newspaper or magazine
部下, ぶか -subordinate person
ぶかぶか -too big, baggy
侮辱, ぶじょく -insult, contempt, slight
武装, ぶそう -arms, armament, armed
斑, ぶち -spots, speckles, mottles
物資, ぶっし -goods, materials
物体, ぶったい -body, object
物議, ぶつぎ -public discussion (criticism)
打付ける, ぶつける -to knock, to run into, to nail on, to strike hard, to hit and attack
仏像, ぶつぞう -Buddhist image (statue)
無難, ぶなん -safety, security
部門, ぶもん -class, group, category, department, field, branch
ぶら下げる, ぶらさげる -to hang, to suspend, to dangle, to swing
ぶらぶら -dangle heavily, swing, sway to and fro, aimlessly, idly, lazily, loiter, loaf, be idle, stroll idly
武力, ぶりょく -armed might, military power, the sword, force
無礼, ぶれい -impolite, rude
文化財, ぶんかざい -cultural assets, cultural property
分業, ぶんぎょう -division of labor, specialization, assembly-line production
文語, ぶんご -written language, literary language
分散, ぶんさん -dispersion, decentralization, variance (statistics)
分子, ぶんし -numerator, molecule
文書, ぶんしょ -document, writing, letter, note, records, archives
分担, ぶんたん -apportionment, sharing
分配, ぶんぱい -division, sharing
分母, ぶんぼ -denominator
分離, ぶんり -separation, detachment, segregation, isolation
分裂, ぶんれつ -split, division, break up
兵器, へいき -arms, weapons, ordinance
閉口, へいこう -shut mouth
平行, へいこう -(going) side by side, concurrent, abreast, at the same time, occurring together, parallel, parallelism
閉鎖, へいさ -closing, closure, shutdown, lockout, unsociable
兵士, へいし -soldier
平常, へいじょう -normal, usual
平方, へいほう -square (e.g. metre), square
並列, へいれつ -arrangement, parallel, abreast
辟易, へきえき -wince, shrink back, succumbing to, being frightened, disconcerted
臍, へそ -navel, belly-button
隔たる, へだたる -to be distant
謙る, へりくだる -to deprecate oneself and praise the listener
経る, へる -to pass, to elapse, to experience
編, へん -compilation, editing, completed poem, book, part of book
偏, へん -side, left radical of a character, inclining, inclining toward, biased
変革, へんかく -change, reform, revolution, upheaval, (the) Reformation
返還, へんかん -return, restoration
偏見, へんけん -prejudice, narrow view
返済, へんさい -repayment
変遷, へんせん -change, transition, vicissitudes
返答, へんとう -reply
変動, へんどう -change, fluctuation
弁解, べんかい -explanation, justification, defence, excuse
便宜, べんぎ -convenience, accommodation, advantage, expedience
弁護, べんご -defense, pleading, advocacy
弁償, べんしょう -next word, compensation, reparation, indemnity, reimbursement
弁論, べんろん -discussion, debate, argument
ぺこぺこ -fawn, be very hungry
穂, ほ -ear (of plant), head (of plant)
保育, ほいく -nursing, nurturing, rearing, lactation, suckling
倣, ほう -imitate, follow, emulate
法案, ほうあん -bill (law)
崩壊, ほうかい -collapse, decay (physics), crumbling, breaking down, caving in
法学, ほうがく -law, jurisprudence
放棄, ほうき -abandonment, renunciation, abdication (responsibility right)
宝器, ほうき -treasured article or vessel, outstanding individual
封建, ほうけん -feudalistic
豊作, ほうさく -abundant harvest, bumper crop
方策, ほうさく -plan, policy
奉仕, ほうし -attendance, service
方式, ほうしき -form, method, system
放射, ほうしゃ -radiation, emission
放射能, ほうしゃのう -radioactivity
報酬, ほうしゅう -remuneration, recompense, reward, toll
放出, ほうしゅつ -release, emit
報じる, ほうじる -to inform, to report
報ずる, ほうずる -to inform, to report
放置, ほうち -leave as is, leave to chance, leave alone, neglect
法廷, ほうてい -courtroom
報道, ほうどう -information, report
褒美, ほうび -reward, prize
葬る, ほうむる -to bury, to inter, to entomb, to consign to oblivion, to shelve
放り込む, ほうりこむ -to throw into
放り出す, ほうりだす -to throw out, to fire, to expel, to give up, to abandon, to neglect
飽和, ほうわ -saturation
保温, ほおん -retaining warmth, keeping heat in, heat insulation
捕獲, ほかく -capture, seizure
保管, ほかん -charge, custody, safekeeping, deposit, storage
補給, ほきゅう -supply, supplying, replenishment
補強, ほきょう -compensation, reinforcement
保険, ほけん -insurance, guarantee
捕鯨, ほげい -whaling, whale fishing
誇る, ほこる -to boast of, to be proud of
綻びる, ほころびる -to come apart at the seams, to begin to open, to smile broadly
保護, ほご -care, protection, shelter, guardianship, favor, patronage
乾, ほし -dried, cured
干し物, ほしもの -dried washing (clothes)
保守, ほしゅ -conservative, maintaining
保障, ほしょう -guarantee, security, assurance, pledge, warranty
補償, ほしょう -compensation, reparation
補充, ほじゅう -supplementation, supplement, replenishment, replenishing
補助, ほじょ -assistance, support, aid, auxiliary
舗装, ほそう -pavement, road surface
補足, ほそく -supplement, complement
発作, ほっさ -fit, spasm
ほっと -feel relieved
頬っぺた, ほっぺた -cheek
辺り, ほとり -(in the) neighbourhood, vicinity, nearby
殆ど, ほとんど -mostly, almost
解く, ほどく -to unfasten
施す, ほどこす -to donate, to give, to conduct, to apply, to perform
保母, ほぼ -day care worker in a kindergarten nursery school etc.
保養, ほよう -health preservation, recuperation, recreation
捕吏, ほり -constable
捕虜, ほりょ -prisoner (of war)
滅びる, ほろびる -to be ruined, to go under, to perish, to be destroyed
滅ぼす, ほろぼす -to destroy, to overthrow, to wreck, to ruin
本格, ほんかく -propriety, fundamental rules
本館, ほんかん -main building
本気, ほんき -seriousness, truth, sanctity
本質, ほんしつ -essence, true nature, reality
本体, ほんたい -substance, real form, object of worship
本音, ほんね -real intention, motive
本の, ほんの -mere, only, just
本能, ほんのう -instinct
本場, ほんば -home, habitat, center, best place, genuine
本文, ほんぶん -text (of document), body (of letter)
本名, ほんみょう -real name
卯, ぼう -fourth sign of Chinese zodiac (The Hare 5am-7am east February)
防衛, ぼうえい -defense, protection, self-defense
防火, ぼうか -fire prevention, fire fighting, fire proof
妨害, ぼうがい -disturbance, obstruction, hindrance, jamming, interference
紡績, ぼうせき -spinning
呆然, ぼうぜん -dumbfounded, overcome with surprise, in blank amazement
膨脹, ぼうちょう -expansion, swelling, increase, growth
冒頭, ぼうとう -beginning, start, outset
暴動, ぼうどう -insurrection, rebellion, revolt, riot, uprising
暴風, ぼうふう -storm, windstorm, gale
暴力, ぼうりょく -violence
募金, ぼきん -fund-raising, collection of funds
牧師, ぼくし -pastor, minister, clergyman
母校, ぼこう -alma mater
没収, ぼっしゅう -forfeited
坊ちゃん, ぼっちゃん -son (of others)
ぼつぼつ -gradually, here and there, spots, pimples
没落, ぼつらく -ruin, fall, collapse
ぼやく -to grumble, to complain
ぼやける -to become dim, to become blurred
藍褸, ぼろ -rag, scrap, tattered clothes, fault (esp. in a pretense), defect, run-down or junky
枚, まい -counter for flat objects (e.g. sheets of paper)
埋蔵, まいぞう -buried property, treasure trove
舞う, まう -to dance, to flutter about, to revolve
真上, まうえ -just above, right overhead
前売り, まえうり -advance sale, booking
前置き, まえおき -preface, introduction
前もって, まえもって -in advance, beforehand, previously
任す, まかす -to entrust, to leave to a person
負かす, まかす -to defeat
賄う, まかなう -to give board to, to provide meals, to pay
曲がる, まがる -to turn, to bend
巻, まき -volume
紛らわしい, まぎらわしい -confusing, misleading, equivocal, ambiguous
紛れる, まぎれる -to be diverted, to slip into
膜, まく -membrane, film
捲る, まくる -verb suffix to indicate reckless abandon to the activity
真心, まこころ -sincerity, devotion
誠, まこと -truth, faith, fidelity, sincerity, trust, confidence, reliance, devotion
真に, まことに -truly, actually, really
まごつく -to be confused, to be flustered
正しく, まさしく -surely, no doubt, evidently
正に, まさに -correctly, surely
勝る, まさる -to excel, to surpass, to outrival
増し, まし -extra, additional, less objectionable, better, preferable
真下, ました -right under, directly below
況して, まして -still more, still less (with neg. verb), to say nothing of, not to mention
交える, まじえる -to mix, to converse with, to cross (swords)
交わる, まじわる -to cross, to intersect, to associate with, to mingle with, to interest, to join
麻酔, ますい -anaesthesia
益々, ますます -increasingly, more and more
不味い, まずい -unappetising, unpleasant (taste appearance situation), ugly, unskilful, awkward, bungling, unwise, untime
股, また -groin, crotch, thigh
跨がる, またがる -to extend over or into, to straddle
跨ぐ, またぐ -to straddle
瞬き, またたき -wink, twinkling (of stars), flicker (of light)
待ち合わせ, まちあわせ -appointment
間違う, まちがう -to make a mistake, to be incorrect, to be mistaken
待ち遠しい, まちどおしい -looking forward to
待ち望む, まちのぞむ -to look anxiously for, to wait eagerly for
区々, まちまち -1. several, various, divergent, conflicting, different, diverse, 2. trivial
末期, まっき -closing years (period days), last stage
真っ二つ, まっぷたつ -in two equal parts
的, まと -mark, target
纏まり, まとまり -conclusion, settlement, consistency
纏め, まとめ -settlement, conclusion
免れる, まぬかれる -to escape from, to be rescued from, to avoid, to evade, to avert, to elude, to be exempted, to be relieved
招き, まねき -invitation
麻痺, まひ -paralysis, palsy, numbness, stupor
眩しい, まぶしい -dazzling, radiant
目蓋, まぶた -eyelid
間々, まま -occasionally, frequently
間もなく, まもなく -soon, before long, in a short time
眉, まゆ -eyebrow
鞠, まり -ball
丸ごと, まるごと -in its entirety, whole, wholly
丸っきり, まるっきり -completely, perfectly, just as if
丸で, まるで -quite, entirely, completely, at all, as if, as though, so to speak
丸々, まるまる -completely
丸める, まるめる -to make round, to round off, to roll up, to curl up, to seduce, to cajole, to explain away
満月, まんげつ -full moon
満場, まんじょう -unanimous, whole audience
真ん中, まんなか -middle, centre, mid-way
真ん前, まんまえ -right in front, under the nose
真ん丸い, まんまるい -perfectly circular
三, み -(num) three
見合い, みあい -formal marriage interview
見合わせる, みあわせる -to exchange glances, to postpone, to suspend operations, to refrain from performing an action
見落とす, みおとす -to overlook, to fail to notice
未開, みかい -savage land, backward region, uncivilized
味覚, みかく -taste, palate, sense of taste
見掛ける, みかける -to (happen to) see, to notice, to catch sight of
三日月, みかずき -new moon, crescent moon
見方, みかた -viewpoint
見苦しい, みぐるしい -unsightly, ugly
見込み, みこみ -hope, prospects, expectation
未婚, みこん -unmarried
惨め, みじめ -miserable
未熟, みじゅく -inexperience, unripeness, raw, unskilled, immature, inexperienced
微塵, みじん -particle, atom
見すぼらしい, みすぼらしい -shabby, seedy
見せびらかす, みせびらかす -to show off, to flaunt
見せ物, みせもの -show, exhibition
満たす, みたす -to satisfy, to ingratiate, to fill, to fulfill
乱す, みだす -to throw out of order, to disarrange, to disturb
乱れる, みだれる -to get confused, to be disordered, to be disturbed
未知, みち -not yet known
導く, みちびく -to be guided, to be shown
身近, みぢか -near oneself, close to one, familiar
密集, みっしゅう -crowd, close formation, dense
密接, みっせつ -related, connected, close, intimate
見っともない, みっともない -shameful, indecent
蜜, みつ -nectar, honey
密度, みつど -density
見積り, みつもり -estimation, quotation
未定, みてい -not yet fixed, undecided, pending
見通し, みとおし -perspective, unobstructed view, outlook, forecast, prospect, insight
源, みなもと -source, origin
身なり, みなり -personal appearance
峰, みね -peak, ridge
見逃す, みのがす -to miss, to overlook, to leave at large
見晴らし, みはらし -view
身振り, みぶり -gesture
見舞, みまい -enquiry, expression of sympathy, expression of concern
脈, みゃく -pulse
未練, みれん -lingering affection, attachment, regret(s), reluctance
見渡す, みわたす -to look out over, to survey (scene), to take an extensive view of
民主, みんしゅ -democratic, the head of the nation
民宿, みんしゅく -private home providing lodging for travelers
民族, みんぞく -people, race, nation, racial customs, folk customs
民俗, みんぞく -people, race, nation, racial customs, folk customs
六, む -(num) six
無意味, むいみ -nonsense, no meaning
向き, むき -direction, situation, exposure, aspect, suitability
無口, むくち -reticence
向け, むけ -for ~, oriented towards ~
婿, むこ -son-in-law
無効, むこう -invalid, no effect, unavailable
無言, むごん -silence
毟る, むしる -to pluck, to pick, to tear
無邪気, むじゃき -innocence, simple-mindedness
結び, むすび -ending, conclusion, union
結び付き, むすびつき -connection, relation
結び付く, むすびつく -to be connected or related, to join together
結び付ける, むすびつける -to combine, to join, to tie on, to attach with a knot
無線, むせん -wireless, radio
無駄遣い, むだづかい -waste money on, squander money on, flog a dead horse
無断, むだん -without permission, without notice
無知, むち -ignorance
無茶, むちゃ -absurd, unreasonable, excessive, rash, absurdity, nonsense
無茶苦茶, むちゃくちゃ -confused, jumbled, mixed up, unreasonable
空しい, むなしい -vacant, futile, vain, void, empty, ineffective, lifeless
無念, むねん -chagrin, regret
無能, むのう -inefficiency, incompetence
無闇に, むやみに -unreasonably, absurdly, recklessly, indiscreetly, at random
無用, むよう -useless, futility, needlessness, unnecessariness
群がる, むらがる -to swarm, to gather
無論, むろん -of course, naturally
名産, めいさん -noted product
名称, めいしょう -name
命中, めいちゅう -a hit
名簿, めいぼ -register of names
名誉, めいよ -honor, credit, prestige
明瞭, めいりょう -clarity
明朗, めいろう -bright, clear, cheerful
目方, めかた -weight
恵み, めぐみ -blessing
恵む, めぐむ -to bless, to show mercy to
目覚しい, めざましい -brilliant, splendid, striking, remarkable
目覚める, めざめる -to wake up
召す, めす -to call, to send for, to put on, to wear, to take (a bath), to ride in, to buy, to eat, to drink, to catch (a
雌, めす -female (animal)
滅茶苦茶, めちゃくちゃ -absurd, unreasonable, excessive, messed up, spoiled, wreaked
目付き, めつき -look, expression of the eyes, eyes
滅亡, めつぼう -downfall, ruin, collapse, destruction
愛でたい, めでたい -auspicious
目眩, めまい -dizziness, giddiness
目盛, めもり -scale, gradations
面会, めんかい -interview
免除, めんじょ -exemption, exoneration, discharge
面する, めんする -to face on, to look out on to
面目, めんぼく -face, honour, reputation, prestige, dignity, credit
設ける, もうける -to create, to establish
申し入れる, もうしいれる -to propose, to suggest
申し込み, もうしこみ -application, entry, request, subscription, offer, proposal, overture, challenge
申出, もうしで -proposal, request, claim, report, notice
申し出る, もうしでる -to report to, to tell, to suggest, to submit, to request, to make an offer, to come forward with informati
申し分, もうしぶん -objection, shortcomings
盲点, もうてん -blind spot
猛烈, もうれつ -violent, vehement, rage
藻掻く, もがく -to struggle, to wriggle, to be impatient
目録, もくろく -catalogue, catalog, list
目論見, もくろみ -a plan, a scheme, a project, a program, intention, goal
模型, もけい -model, dummy, maquette
模索, もさく -groping (for)
若し, もし -if, in case, supposing
若しかしたら, もしかしたら -perhaps, maybe, by some chance
若しかして, もしかして -perhaps, possibly
若しかすると, もしかすると -perhaps, maybe, by some chance
若しくは, もしくは -or, otherwise
若しも, もしも -if
齎らす, もたらす -to bring, to take, to bring about
凭れる, もたれる -to lean against, to lean on, to recline on, to lie heavy (on the stomach)
持ち, もち -1. hold, charge, keep possession, in charge, 2. wear, durability, life, draw, 3. usage (suff)
持ち切り, もちきり -hot topic, talk of the town
物体ない, もったいない -too good, more than one deserves, wasteful, sacrilegious, unworthy of
以て, もって -with, by, by means of, because, in view of
専ら, もっぱら -wholly, solely, entirely
持て成す, もてなす -to entertain, to make welcome
持てる, もてる -to be well liked, to be popular
基, もとい -basis
物置き, ものおき -storeroom
物好き, ものずき -curiosity
物足りない, ものたりない -unsatisfied, unsatisfactory
最早, もはや -already, now
模範, もはん -exemplar, exemplification, exemplum, model, example
模倣, もほう -imitation, copying
揉める, もめる -to disagree, to dispute
腿, もも -thigh, femur
催す, もよおす -to hold (a meeting), to give (a dinner), to feel, to show signs of, to develop symptoms of, to feel (sick
漏らす, もらす -to let leak, to reveal
盛り上がる, もりあがる -to rouse, to swell, to rise
漏る, もる -to leak, to run out
漏れる, もれる -to leak out, to escape, to come through, to shine through, to filter out, to be omitted
脆い, もろい -brittle, fragile, tender-hearted
もろに -completely, all the way
問, もん -problem, question
矢, や -arrow
哉, や -question mark
喧しい, やかましい -noisy, strict, fussy
野外, やがい -fields, outskirts, open air, suburbs
軈て, やがて -before long, soon, at length
夜行, やぎょう -walking around at night, night train, night travel
役職, やくしょく -post, managerial position, official position
役立つ, やくだつ -to be useful, to be helpful, to serve the purpose
役場, やくば -town hall
夜具, やぐ -bedding
優, やさ -gentle, affectionate
屋敷, やしき -mansion
養う, やしなう -to rear, to maintain, to cultivate
社, やしろ -Shinto shrine
野心, やしん -ambition, aspiration, designs, treachery
易い, やすい -easy
安っぽい, やすっぽい -cheap-looking, tawdry, insignificant
休める, やすめる -to rest, to suspend, to give relief
野生, やせい -wild
矢鱈に, やたらに -randomly, recklessly, blindly
夜中, やちゅう -all night, the whole night
奴, やっこ -servant, fellow
やっ付ける, やっつける -to beat
矢っ張り, やっぱり -also, as I thought, still, in spite of, absolutely
野党, やとう -opposition party
病, やまい -illness, disease
闇, やみ -darkness, the dark, black-marketeering, dark, shady, illegal
病む, やむ -to fall ill, to be ill
止むを得ない, やむをえない -cannot be helped, unavoidable
稍, やや -a little, partially, somewhat, a short time, a while
ややこしい -puzzling, tangled, complicated, complex
遣り通す, やりとおす -to carry through, to achieve, to complete
やり遂げる, やりとげる -to accomplish
遣る, やる -to do, to have sexual intercourse, to kill, to give (to inferiors animals etc.), to dispatch (a letter
和らげる, やわらげる -to soften, to moderate, to relieve
優位, ゆうい -predominance, ascendancy, superiority
憂鬱, ゆううつ -depression, melancholy, dejection, gloom
有益, ゆうえき -beneficial, profitable
優越, ゆうえつ -supremacy, predominance, being superior to
勇敢, ゆうかん -bravery, heroism, gallantry
有機, ゆうき -organic
夕暮れ, ゆうぐれ -evening, (evening) twilight
融資, ゆうし -financing, loan
有する, ゆうする -to own, to be endowed with
融通, ゆうずう -lending (money), accommodation, adaptability, versatility, finance
優勢, ゆうせい -superiority, superior power, predominance, preponderance
優先, ゆうせん -preference, priority
誘導, ゆうどう -guidance, leading, induction, introduction, incitement, inducement
優美, ゆうび -grace, refinement, elegance
有望, ゆうぼう -good prospects, full of hope, promising
遊牧, ゆうぼく -nomadism
夕焼け, ゆうやけ -sunset
有力, ゆうりょく -1. influence, prominence, 2. potent
幽霊, ゆうれい -ghost, specter, apparition, phantom
誘惑, ゆうわく -temptation, allurement, lure
揺さぶる, ゆさぶる -to shake, to jolt, to rock, to swing
茹でる, ゆでる -to boil
ゆとり -reserve, affluence, room, time (to spare)
指差す, ゆびさす -to point at
弓, ゆみ -bow (and arrow)
揺らぐ, ゆらぐ -to swing, to sway, to shake, to tremble
緩む, ゆるむ -to become loose, to slacken
緩める, ゆるめる -to loosen, to slow down
緩やか, ゆるやか -lenient
世, よ -world, society, age, generation
好い, よい -good
要因, よういん -primary factor, main cause
溶液, ようえき -solution (liquid)
用件, ようけん -business
養護, ようご -protection, nursing, protective care
用紙, ようし -blank form
様式, ようしき -style, form, pattern
要する, ようする -to demand, to require, to take
要請, ようせい -claim, demand, request, application
養成, ようせい -training, development
様相, ようそう -aspect
用品, ようひん -articles, supplies, parts
洋風, ようふう -western style
用法, ようほう -directions, rules of use
要望, ようぼう -demand for, request
余暇, よか -leisure, leisure time, spare time
予感, よかん -presentiment, premonition
余興, よきょう -side show, entertainment
預金, よきん -deposit, bank account
抑圧, よくあつ -check, restraint, oppression, suppression
浴室, よくしつ -bathroom, bath
抑制, よくせい -suppression
欲深い, よくふかい -greedy
欲望, よくぼう -desire, appetite
寄こす, よこす -to send, to forward
横綱, よこづな -sumo grand champion
葦, よし -reed, bulrush
善し悪し, よしあし -good or bad, merits or demerits, quality, suitability
予想, よそう -expectation, anticipation, prediction, forecast
余所見, よそみ -looking away, looking aside
余地, よち -place, room, margin, scope
依って, よって -therefore, consequently, accordingly, because of
余程, よっぽど -very, greatly, much, to a large extent, quite
与党, よとう -government party, (ruling) party in power, government
呼び止める, よびとめる -to challenge, to call somebody to halt
夜更かし, よふかし -staying up late, keeping late hours, sitting up late at night, nighthawk
夜更け, よふけ -late at night
読み上げる, よみあげる -to read out loud (and clearly), to call a roll
寄り掛かる, よりかかる -to lean against, to recline on, to lean on, to rely on
宜しく, よろしく -well, properly, suitably, best regards, please remember me
弱まる, よわまる -to abate, to weaken, to be emaciated, to be dejected, to be perplexed
弱める, よわめる -to weaken
弱る, よわる -to weaken, to be troubled, to be downcast, to be emaciated, to be dejected, to be perplexed, to impair
来場, らいじょう -attendance
酪農, らくのう -dairy (farm)
落下, らっか -fall, drop, come down
楽観, らっかん -optimism
濫用, らんよう -abuse, misuse, misappropriation, using to excess
理屈, りくつ -theory, reason
利根, りこん -intelligence
利子, りし -interest (bank)
利潤, りじゅん -profit, returns
理性, りせい -reason, sense
利息, りそく -interest (bank)
立体, りったい -solid body
立法, りっぽう -legislation, lawmaking
利点, りてん -advantage, point in favor
略語, りゃくご -abbreviation, acronym
略奪, りゃくだつ -pillage, plunder, looting, robbery
流, りゅう -style of, method of, manner of
流通, りゅうつう -circulation of money or goods, flow of water or air, distribution
了, りょう -finish, completion, understanding
料, りょう -material, charge, rate, fee
領域, りょういき -area, domain, territory, field, region, regime
了解, りょうかい -comprehension, consent, understanding, roger (on the radio)
領海, りょうかい -territorial waters
両極, りょうきょく -both extremities, north and south poles, positive and negative poles
良好, りょうこう -favorable, satisfactory
良識, りょうしき -good sense
良質, りょうしつ -good quality, superior quality
了承, りょうしょう -acknowledgement, understanding (e.g. please be understanding of the mess during our renovation)
良心, りょうしん -conscience
領地, りょうち -territory, dominion
領土, りょうど -dominion, territory, possession
両立, りょうりつ -compatibility, coexistence, standing together
旅客, りょかく -passenger (transport)
旅券, りょけん -passport
履歴, りれき -personal history, background, career, log
理論, りろん -theory
輪, りん -counter for wheels and flowers
林業, りんぎょう -forestry
類似, るいじ -analogous
類推, るいすい -analogy
冷酷, れいこく -cruelty, coldheartedness, relentless, ruthless
冷蔵, れいぞう -cold storage, refrigeration
冷淡, れいたん -coolness, indifference
恋愛, れんあい -love, love-making, passion, emotion, affections
連休, れんきゅう -consecutive holidays
連日, れんじつ -every day, prolonged
連中, れんじゅう -colleagues, company, a lot
連帯, れんたい -solidarity
連邦, れんぽう -commonwealth, federation of states
連盟, れんめい -league, union, alliance
老衰, ろうすい -senility, senile decay
朗読, ろうどく -reading aloud, recitation
浪費, ろうひ -waste, extravagance
労力, ろうりょく -labour, effort, toil, trouble
碌 (碌な), ろく (ろくな) -satisfactory, decent
碌 (碌に), ろく (ろくに) -well, enough, sufficient
露骨, ろこつ -1. frank, blunt, plain, outspoken, 2. conspicuous, open, 3. broad, suggestive
論議, ろんぎ -discussion
論理, ろんり -logic
和, わ -sum, harmony, peace
我がまま, わがまま -selfishness, egoism, wilfulness, disobedience, whim
枠, わく -frame, slide
惑星, わくせい -planet
技, わざ -art, technique
態と, わざと -on purpose
態々, わざわざ -expressly, specially, doing something especially rather than incidentally
煩わしい, わずらわしい -troublesome, annoying, complicated
渡り鳥, わたりどり -migratory bird, bird of passage
詫び, わび -apology
和風, わふう -Japanese style
和文, わぶん -Japanese text, sentence in Japanese
藁, わら -straw
割合に, わりあいに -comparatively
割り当て, わりあて -allotment, assignment, allocation, quota, rationing
割り込む, わりこむ -to cut in, to thrust oneself into, to wedge oneself in, to muscle in on, to interrupt, to disturb
割り算, わりざん -division (math)
割引き, わりびき -discount, reduction, rebate, tenths discounted
悪者, わるもの -bad fellow, rascal, ruffian, scoundrel | 175,547 | Common Lisp | .l | 3,473 | 37.91218 | 120 | 0.764622 | erikmcguire/cl-shiritori | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:19 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 3e71d8cb946294cc00773136cd0e31c5b12a751026865b1ac89ab4c0771d2c43 | 32,709 | [
-1
] |
32,710 | jlpt-all.txt | erikmcguire_cl-shiritori/datasets/jlpt-all.txt | アイデア -idea
アクセル -accelerator
アップ -up
アプローチ -approach (in golf)
アマチュア -amateur
アラブ -Arab
アルカリ -alkali
アルミ -aluminum (Al), aluminium
アワー -hour
アンケート -(fr:) (n) questionnaire (fr: enquete), survey
アンコール -encore
イエス -Jesus, yes
インターチェンジ -interchange
インターナショナル -international
インターフォン -intercom
インテリ -egghead, intelligentsia
インフォメーション -information
インフレ -inflation
ウェートレス -waitress
エアメール -air mail
エレガント -elegant
エンジニア -engineer
オーケー -OK
オートマチック -automatic
オープン -open
オリエンテーション -orientation
オレンジ -an orange
オンライン -on-line
カーペット -carpet
カクテル -cocktail
カット -cut, cutting
カテゴリー -category
カムバック -comeback
カメラマン -cameraman
カルテ -(de:) (n) clinical records (de: Karte)
カンニング -cunning, cheat
ガイド -tour guide
ガイドブック -guidebook
ガレージ -garage (at house)
キャッチ -catch
キャリア -career, career government employee
クイズ -quiz
クラブ -club, crab
クレーン -crane
グラフ -graph
グレー -grey, gray
ゲスト -guest
コーナー -corner
コマーシャル -a commercial
コミュニケーション -communication
コメント -comment
コンタクト -contact, contact lens
コンテスト -contest
コントラスト -contrast
コントロール -control
コンパス -compass
サイクル -cycle
サイズ -size
サボる -to be truant, to be idle, to sabotage by slowness
サンキュー -thank you
サンタクロース -Santa Claus
シート -seat, sheet
システム -system
シック -chic
シナリオ -scenario
ショー -show
ショック -shock
ジーパン -jeans (lit: jeans pants), dungarees
ジャズ -jazz
ジャンパー -jacket, jumper
ジャンプ -jump
ジャンボ -jumbo
ジャンル -genre
スタジオ -studio
スチーム -steam
ストライキ -strike
ストレス -stress
ストロー -straw
ストロボ -stroboscope (lit: strobo), strobe lamp, stroboscopic lamp
スピード -speed
スプリング -spring
スペース -space
スポーツカー -sports car
スラックス -slacks
セール -sale
セクション -section
セックス -sexual intercourse
セレモニー -ceremony
センス -good sense (for music style tact etc.)
ゼリー -1. jelly, 2. Jerry
ソース -source
ソックス -socks
ソロ -solo
タイトル -title
タイピスト -typist
タイマー -timer
タイミング -timing
タイム -time
タイムリー -timely, run-batted-in (baseball), RBI
タイヤ -tire, tyre
タイル -tile
タレント -talent, star, personality
タワー -tower
ダース -dozen
ダウン -down
ダブる -to coincide (fall on the same day), to have two of something, to repeat a school year after failing
ダンプ -dump
チームワーク -teamwork
チェンジ -change
チャイム -chime
チャンネル -a channel
ティッシュペーパー -tissue paper
テレックス -telex, teletypewriter exchange
データ -data
デコレーション -decoration
デザート -dessert
デザイン -design
デッサン -(fr:) (n) rough sketch (fr: dessin)
デモンストレーション -demonstration
トーン -tone
トラブル -trouble (sometimes used as a verb)
トランジスター -transistor
ドライ -dry
ドライクリーニング -dry cleaning
ドライバー -driver, screwdriver
ドライブイン -drive in
ドリル -drill
ナイター -game under lights (e.g. baseball) (lit: nighter), night game
ナプキン -napkin
ナンセンス -nonsense
ニュー -new
ニュアンス -nuance
ネガ -(photographic) negative
ノイローゼ -(de:) (n) neurosis (de: Neurose)
ハンガー -hangar, (coat) hanger, hunger
バー -bar
バッジ -badge
バット -bat, vat
パジャマ -pajamas, pyjamas
パチンコ -pachinko (Japanese pinball)
パトカー -patrol car
パンク -1. (abbr) puncture, bursting, 2. punk
ヒント -hint
ビールス -virus
ビジネス -business
ファイト -fight
ファイル -file
ファン -fan, fun
フィルター -(camera) filter
フェリー -ferry
フォーム -foam, form
フロント -front
ブーツ -boots
ブーム -boom
ブザー -buzzer
ブルー -blue
ベース -base, bass
ベスト -best, vest
ベストセラー -best-seller
ペア -pair, pear
ホース -hose
ホール -hall, hole
ボイコット -boycott
ボルト -volt, bolt
ポーズ -pause
ポイント -point
ポジション -position
ポット -pot
ポンプ -pump
マーク -mark
マスコミ -mass communication
マッサージ -massage
ミスプリント -misprint
ミセス -Mrs.
ミュージック -music
ミリ -milli-, 10^-3
ムード -mood
メーカー -maker
メッセージ -message
メディア -media
メロディー -melody
モーテル -motel
モニター -(computer) monitor
ヤング -young
ユニーク -unique
ユニフォーム -uniform
ライス -rice
ラベル -label
ランプ -lamp, ramp, headlight, light
ルーズ -loose
ルール -rule
レース -race, lace
レギュラー -regular
レクリエーション -recreation
レッスン -lesson
レディー -lady
レバー -lever, liver
レンジ -range, stove
レンタカー -hire car (lit: rent-a-car)
レントゲン -X-ray (lit: Roentgen)
ロープ -rope
ローマ字, ろーまじ -romanization, Roman letters
ロマンチック -romantic
ワット -watt
嗚呼, ああ -Ah!, Oh!, Alas!
相, あい -together, mutually, fellow
相変わらず, あいかわらず -as ever, as usual, the same
愛想, あいそ -civility, courtesy, compliments, sociability, graces
相対, あいたい -confrontation, facing, between ourselves, no third party, tete-a-tete
間柄, あいだがら -relation(ship)
愛憎, あいにく -likes and dislikes
合間, あいま -interval
曖昧, あいまい -vague, ambiguous
敢えて, あえて -dare (to do), challenge (to do)
仰ぐ, あおぐ -to look up (to), to respect, to depend on, to ask for, to seek, to revere, to drink, to take
垢, あか -dirt, filth
亜科, あか -suborder, subfamily
銅, あかがね -copper
証, あかし -proof, evidence
赤字, あかじ -deficit, go in the red
明かす, あかす -to pass, spend, to reveal, to divulge
赤ちゃん, あかちゃん -baby, infant
明白, あからさま -obvious, overt, plainly, frankly
赤らむ, あからむ -to become red, to redden, to blush
明るい, あかるい -bright, cheerful
上がり, あがり -1. slope, advance income, crop yield, ascent, rise, advance, death, spinning, completion, stop, finish, after
上がる, あがる -to enter, to go up, to rise, to climb up, to advance, to appreciate, to be promoted, to improve, to call on,
商人, あきうど -trader, shopkeeper, merchant
空間, あきま -vacancy, room for rent or lease
諦め, あきらめ -resignation, acceptance, consolation
呆れる, あきれる -to be amazed, to be shocked
悪, あく -evil, wickedness
灰, あく -puckery juice
あくどい -1. gaudy, showy, excessive, 2. vicious
悪日, あくび -unlucky day
明くる, あくる -next, following
憧れ, あこがれ -yearning, longing, aspiration
顎, あご -chin
麻, あさ -flax, linen, hemp
明後日, あさって -day after tomorrow
朝寝坊, あさねぼう -oversleeping, late riser
浅ましい, あさましい -wretched, miserable, shameful, mean, despicable, abject
字, あざ -section of village
欺く, あざむく -to deceive
鮮やか, あざやか -vivid, clear, brilliant
あざ笑う, あざわらう -to sneer at, to ridicule
味わい, あじわい -flavour, meaning, significance
東, あずま -east, Eastern Japan
焦る, あせる -to be in a hurry, to be impatient
彼処, あそこ -1. (uk) there, over there, that place, 2. (X) (col) genitals
値, あたい -value, price, cost, worth, merit
値する, あたいする -to be worth, to deserve, to merit
私, あたし -I (fem)
当たり, あたり -hit, success, reaching the mark, per ..., vicinity, neighborhood
当たり前, あたりまえ -usual, common, ordinary, natural, reasonable, obvious
他人, あだびと -another person, unrelated person, outsider, stranger
彼方此方, あちこち -here and there
彼方, あちら -1. there, yonder, that
彼方此方, あちらこちら -here and there
悪化, あっか -deterioration, growing worse, aggravation, degeneration, corruption
呆気ない, あっけない -not enough, too quick (short long etc.)
悪口, あっこう -abuse, insult, slander, evil speaking
あっさり -easily, readily, quickly
圧迫, あっぱく -pressure, coercion, oppression
扱い, あつかい -treatment, service
集まる, あつまる -to gather, to collect, to assemble
誂える, あつらえる -to give an order, to place an order
圧力, あつりょく -stress, pressure
当て, あて -object, aim, end, hopes, expectations
宛, あて -addressed to
当て字, あてじ -phonetic-equivalent character, substitute character
当てはまる, あてはまる -to apply (a rule)
当てはめる, あてはめる -to apply, to adapt
宛てる, あてる -to address
跡継ぎ, あとつぎ -heir, successor
後回し, あとまわし -putting off, postponing
貴女, あなた -you, lady
彼の, あの -that over there
溢れる, あふれる -to flood, to overflow, to brim over
油絵, あぶらえ -oil painting
炙る, あぶる -to scorch
あべこべ -contrary, opposite, inverse
甘える, あまえる -to behave like a spoiled child, to fawn on
甘口, あまくち -sweet flavour, mildness, flattery, stupidity
雨具, あまぐ -rain gear
天, あまつ -heavenly, imperial
網, あみ -net, network
天地, あめつち -heaven and earth, the universe, nature, top and bottom, realm, sphere, world
操る, あやつる -to manipulate, to operate, to pull strings
あやふや -uncertain, vague, ambiguous
危ぶむ, あやぶむ -to fear, to have misgivings, to be doubtful, to mistrust
過ち, あやまち -fault, error, indiscretion
誤る, あやまる -to make a mistake
歩み, あゆみ -walking
歩む, あゆむ -to walk, to go on foot
あら -oh, ah, saw-edged perch (Niphon spinosus)
予め, あらかじめ -beforehand, in advance, previously
荒らす, あらす -to lay waste, to devastate, to damage, to invade, to break into
粗筋, あらすじ -outline, summary
争い, あらそい -dispute, strife, quarrel, dissension, conflict, rivalry, contest
改まる, あらたまる -to be renewed
荒っぽい, あらっぽい -rough, rude
凡ゆる, あらゆる -all, every
あられ -kind of cookie, cartoon character
現われ, あらわれ -embodiment, materialization
現われる, あらわれる -to appear, to come in sight, to become visible, to come out, to embody, to materialize, to express oneself
有難う, ありがとう -Thank you
有様, ありさま -state, condition, circumstances, the way things are or should be, truth
有りのまま, ありのまま -the truth, fact, as it is, frankly
或る, ある -a certain..., some...
或いは, あるいは -or, possibly
彼此, あれこれ -one thing or another, this and that, this or that
合わす, あわす -to join together, to face, to unite, to be opposite, to combine, to connect, to add up, to mix, to match, to
合わせ, あわせ -joint together, opposite, facing
慌ただしい, あわただしい -busy, hurried, confused, flurried
慌てる, あわてる -to become confused (disconcerted disorganized)
暗殺, あんさつ -assassination
暗算, あんざん -mental arithmetic
暗示, あんじ -hint, suggestion
案じる, あんじる -to be anxious, to ponder
安静, あんせい -rest
案の定, あんのじょう -sure enough, as usual
余り, あんまり -not very (this form only used as adverb), not much, remainder, rest, remnant, surplus, balance, excess, rema
依, い -depending on
良い, いい -good
伊井, いい -that one, Italy
否, いいえ -no, nay, yes, well
いい加減, いいかげん -moderate, right, random, not thorough, vague, irresponsible, halfhearted
言い訳, いいわけ -excuse, explanation
家出, いえで -running away from home, leaving home
家主, いえぬし -landlord
如何, いかが -how, in what way
生かす, いかす -to revive, to resuscitate, to make use of
雷, いかずち -thunder
如何に, いかに -how?, in what way?, how much?, however, whatever
如何にも, いかにも -indeed, really, phrase meaning agreement
怒り, いかり -anger, hatred
怒る, いかる -to get angry, to be angry
歪む, いがむ -to warp, to swerve, to deflect, to be crooked, to be distorted, to be bent, to incline, to slant, to be perv
粋, いき -chic, style, purity, essence
域外, いきがい -outside the area
意気込む, いきごむ -to be enthusiastic about
経緯, いきさつ -1. details, whole story, sequence of events, particulars, how it started, how things got this way, 2. c
行き違い, いきちがい -misunderstanding, estrangement, disagreement, crossing without meeting, going astray
行き成り, いきなり -suddenly
異議, いぎ -objection, dissent, protest
いく -to come, to orgasm
軍, いくさ -war, battle, campaign, fight
戦, いくさ -war, battle, campaign, fight
育成, いくせい -rearing, training, nurture, cultivation, promotion
幾多, いくた -many, numerous
活ける, いける -to arrange (flowers)
異見, いけん -different opinion, objection
意向, いこう -intention, idea, inclination
移行, いこう -switching over to
いざ -now, come (now), well, crucial moment
碑, いしぶみ -stone monument bearing an inscription
衣装, いしょう -clothing, costume, outfit, garment, dress
意地, いじ -disposition, spirit, willpower, obstinacy, backbone, appetite
苛める, いじめる -to tease, to torment, to persecute, to chastise
移住, いじゅう -migration, immigration
弄る, いじる -to touch, to tamper with
何れ, いずれ -where, which, who, anyway, anyhow, at any rate
異性, いせい -the opposite sex
遺跡, いせき -historic ruins (remains relics)
依然, いぜん -still, as yet
依存, いそん -dependence, dependent, reliance
委託, いたく -consign (goods (for sale) to a firm), entrust (person with something), commit
悪戯, いたずら -tease, prank, trick, practical joke, mischief
頂, いただき -(top of) head, summit, spire
戴きます, いただきます -expression of gratitude before meals
至って, いたって -very much, exceedingly, extremely
痛む, いたむ -to hurt, to feel a pain, to be injured
痛める, いためる -to hurt, to injure, to cause pain, to worry, to bother, to afflict, to be grieved over
炒める, いためる -to stir-fry
労る, いたわる -to pity, to sympathize with, to console, to care for, to be kind to
市, いち -market, fair
位地, いち -place, situation, position, location
一々, いちいち -one by one, separately
一概に, いちがいに -unconditionally, as a rule
一見, いちげん -unfamiliar, never before met
一言, いちげん -single word
一日, いちじつ -(1) one day, (2) first of month
一定, いちじょう -fixed, settled, definite, uniform, regularized, defined, standardized, certain, prescribed
著しい, いちじるしい -remarkable, considerable
一同, いちどう -all present, all concerned, all of us
一人, いちにん -one person
一部, いちぶ -1. one copy e.g. of a document, 2. a part, partly, some
一部分, いちぶぶん -a part
一別, いちべつ -parting
一面, いちめん -one side, one phase, front page, the other hand, the whole surface
一目, いちもく -a glance, a look, a glimpse
一様, いちよう -uniformity, evenness, similarity, equality, impartiality
一律, いちりつ -evenness, uniformity, monotony, equality
一連, いちれん -a series, a chain, a ream (of paper)
一括, いっかつ -all together, batch, one lump, one bundle, summing up
一気, いっき -drink!(said repeatedly as a party cheer)
一挙に, いっきょに -at a stroke, with a single swoop
一切, いっさい -all, everything, without exception, the whole, entirely, absolutely
一心, いっしん -one mind, wholeheartedness, the whole heart
いっそ -rather, sooner, might as well
一帯, いったい -a region, a zone, the whole place
一敗, いっぱい -one defeat
一変, いっぺん -complete change, about-face
何時, いつ -when, how soon
何時か, いつか -sometime, someday, one day, some time or other, the other day, in due course, in time
何時でも, いつでも -(at) any time, always, at all times, never (neg), whenever
何時の間にか, いつのまにか -before one knows, unnoticed, unawares
何時までも, いつまでも -forever, for good, eternally, as long as one likes, indefinitely
何時も, いつも -always, usually, every time, never (with neg. verb)
意図, いと -intention, aim, design
営む, いとなむ -to carry on (e.g. in ceremony), to run a business
暇, いとま -free time, leisure, leave, spare time, farewell
異動, いどう -a change
挑む, いどむ -to challenge, to contend for, to make love to
稲光, いなびかり -(flash of) lightning
古, いにしえ -antiquity, ancient times
祈り, いのり -prayer, supplication
鼾, いびき -snoring
今更, いまさら -now, at this late hour
未だ, いまだ -as yet, hitherto, not yet (neg)
移民, いみん -emigration, immigration, emigrant, immigrant
厭々, いやいや -unwillingly, grudgingly, shaking head in refusal (to children)
卑しい, いやしい -greedy, vulgar, shabby, humble, base, mean, vile
いやに -awfully, terribly
厭やらしい, いやらしい -detestable, disagreeable
愈々, いよいよ -more and more, all the more, increasingly, at last, beyond doubt
意欲, いよく -will, desire, ambition
苛々, いらいら -getting nervous, irritation
入口, いりくち -entrance, gate, approach, mouth
衣料, いりょう -clothing
威力, いりょく -power, might, authority, influence
入る, いる -to get in, to go in, to come in, to flow into, to set, to set in
衣類, いるい -clothes, clothing, garments
色々, いろいろ -various
異論, いろん -different opinion, objection
所謂, いわゆる -the so-called, so to speak
印, いん -seal, stamp, mark, print
員, いん -member
印鑑, いんかん -stamp, seal
陰気, いんき -gloom, melancholy
隠居, いんきょ -retirement, retired person
上下, うえした -high and low, up and down, unloading and loading, praising and blaming
浮かぶ, うかぶ -to float, to rise to surface, to come to mind
受かる, うかる -to pass (examination)
含嗽, うがい -gargle, rinse mouth
受け入れ, うけいれ -receiving, acceptance
受け入れる, うけいれる -to accept, to receive
受け継ぐ, うけつぐ -to inherit, to succeed, to take over
受け付ける, うけつける -to be accepted, to receive (an application)
受け止める, うけとめる -to catch, to stop the blow, to react to, to take
受け取り, うけとり -receipt
受身, うけみ -passive, passive voice
動き, うごき -movement, activity, trend, development, change
潮, うしお -tide
氏, うじ -family name
渦, うず -swirl
埋まる, うずまる -to be buried, to be surrounded, to overflow, to be filled
嘘つき, うそつき -liar (sometimes said with not much seriousness), fibber
打ち合わせ, うちあわせ -business meeting, previous arrangement, appointment
打ち合わせる, うちあわせる -to knock together, to arrange
打ち切る, うちきる -to stop, to abort, to discontinue, to close
打ち消し, うちけし -negation, denial, negative
打ち込む, うちこむ -to drive in (e.g. nail stake), to devote oneself to, to shoot into, to smash, to throw into, to cast int
団扇, うちわ -fan
内訳, うちわけ -the items, breakdown, classification
訴え, うったえ -lawsuit, complaint
鬱陶しい, うっとうしい -gloomy, depressing
写し, うつし -copy, duplicate, facsimile, transcript
空ろ, うつろ -blank, cavity, hollow, empty (space)
器, うつわ -bowl, vessel, container
雨天, うてん -rainy weather
腕前, うでまえ -ability, skill, facility
饂飩, うどん -noodles (Japanese)
促す, うながす -to urge, to press, to suggest, to demand, to stimulate, to quicken, to incite, to invite (attention to)
唸る, うなる -to groan, to moan, to roar, to howl, to growl, to hum, to buzz, to sough
自惚れ, うぬぼれ -pretension, conceit, hubris
甘い, うまい -delicious
生まれつき, うまれつき -by nature, by birth, native
海路, うみじ -sea route
産む, うむ -to give birth, to deliver, to produce
埋め込む, うめこむ -to bury
梅干, うめぼし -dried plum
末, うら -top end, tip
裏返し, うらがえし -inside out, upside down
売り出し, うりだし -(bargain) sale
売り出す, うりだす -to put on sale, to market, to become popular
潤う, うるおう -to be moist, to be damp, to get wet, to profit by, to be watered, to receive benefits, to favor, to charm, t
五月蝿い, うるさい -noisy, loud, fussy
売れ行き, うれゆき -sales
浮気, うわき -flighty, fickle, wanton, unfaithful
上手, うわて -1. upper part, upper stream, left side (of a stage), 2. skillful (only in comparisons), dexterity (on
上回る, うわまわる -to exceed
植わる, うわる -to be planted
運営, うんえい -management, administration, operation
うんざり -tedious, boring, being fed up with
運送, うんそう -shipping, marine transportation
運賃, うんちん -freight rates, shipping expenses, fare
云々, うんぬん -and so on, and so forth, comment
運搬, うんぱん -transport, carriage
運命, うんめい -fate
運輸, うんゆ -transportation
運用, うんよう -making use of, application, investment, practical use
会, え -understanding
重, え --fold, -ply
えい -ray (fish)
映写, えいしゃ -projection
英字, えいじ -English letter (character)
衛生, えいせい -health, hygiene, sanitation, medical
映像, えいぞう -reflection, image
英雄, えいゆう -hero, great man
液, えき -liquid, fluid
役, えき -war, campaign, battle
閲覧, えつらん -inspection, reading
獲物, えもの -game, spoils, trophy
襟, えり -neck, collar, lapel, neckband
縁, えん -chance, fate, destiny, relation, bonds, connection, karma
塩, えん -salt
艶, えん -charming, fascinating, voluptuous
園, えん -garden (esp. man-made)
円滑, えんかつ -harmony, smoothness
縁側, えんがわ -veranda, porch, balcony, open corridor
沿岸, えんがん -coast, shore
婉曲, えんきょく -euphemistic, circumlocution, roundabout, indirect, insinuating
演習, えんしゅう -practice, exercises, manoeuvers
演出, えんしゅつ -production (e.g. play), direction
演じる, えんじる -to perform (a play), to play (a part), to act (a part), to commit (a blunder)
演ずる, えんずる -to perform, to play
沿線, えんせん -along railway line
縁談, えんだん -marriage proposal, engagement
遠方, えんぽう -long way, distant place
円満, えんまん -perfection, harmony, peace, smoothness, completeness, satisfaction, integrity
尾, お -tail, ridge
於, お -at, in, on
甥, おい -nephew
追い込む, おいこむ -to herd, to corner, to drive
美味しい, おいしい -delicious, tasty
追い出す, おいだす -to expel, to drive out
於いて, おいて -at, in, on
お出でになる, おいでになる -to be
老いる, おいる -to age, to grow old
負う, おう -to bear, to owe
応急, おうきゅう -emergency
黄金, おうごん -gold
黄色, おうしょく -yellow
応募, おうぼ -subscription, application
おおい -hey!
大方, おおかた -perhaps, almost all, majority
大柄, おおがら -large build, large pattern
大げさ, おおげさ -grandiose, exaggerated
大事, おおごと -important, valuable, serious matter
大ざっぱ, おおざっぱ -rough (as in not precise), broad, sketchy
大筋, おおすじ -outline, summary
大空, おおぞら -heaven, firmament, the sky
大幅, おおはば -full width, large scale, drastic
大水, おおみず -flood
公, おおやけ -official, public, formal, open, governmental
お蔭, おかげ -(your) backing, assistance
お蔭様で, おかげさまで -Thanks to god, thanks to you
可笑しい, おかしい -strange, funny, amusing, ridiculous
犯す, おかす -to commit, to perpetrate, to violate, to rape
侵す, おかす -to invade, to raid, to trespass, to violate, to intrude on
お菜, おかず -side dish, accompaniment for rice dishes
臆病, おくびょう -cowardice, timidity
遅らす, おくらす -to retard, to delay
遅れ, おくれ -delay, lag
起こす, おこす -to raise, to cause, to wake someone
行い, おこない -deed, conduct, behavior, action, asceticism
厳か, おごそか -austere, majestic, dignified, stately, awful, impressive
傲る, おごる -to be proud
長, おさ -chief, head
押さえる, おさえる -to stop, to restrain, to seize, to repress, to suppress, to press down
お先に, おさきに -before, ahead, previously
収まる, おさまる -to be obtained, to end, to settle into, to fit into, to be settled, to be paid, to be delivered
納まる, おさまる -to be obtained, to end, to settle into, to fit into, to be settled, to be paid, to be delivered
治まる, おさまる -to be at peace, to clamp down, to lessen (storm terror anger)
お産, おさん -(giving) birth
教え, おしえ -teachings, precept, lesson, doctrine
押し込む, おしこむ -to push into, to crowd into
惜しむ, おしむ -to be frugal, to value, to regret
お喋り, おしゃべり -chattering, talk, idle talk, chat, chitchat, gossip, chatty, talkative, chatterbox, blabbermouth
お洒落, おしゃれ -smartly dressed, someone smartly dressed, fashion-conscious
押し寄せる, おしよせる -to push aside, to advance on
お祖父さん, おじいさん -grandfather, male senior-citizen
お邪魔します, おじゃまします -Excuse me for disturbing (interrupting) you
雄, おす -male (animal)
お世辞, おせじ -flattery, compliment
襲う, おそう -to attack
遅くとも, おそくとも -at the latest
恐らく, おそらく -perhaps
恐れ, おそれ -fear, horror
恐れ入る, おそれいる -to be filled with awe, to feel small, to be amazed, to be surprised, to be disconcerted, to be sorry, to b
お大事に, おだいじに -Take care of yourself
煽てる, おだてる -to stir up, to instigate, to flatter
落ち込む, おちこむ -to fall into, to feel down (sad)
落ち着き, おちつき -calm, composure
落ち葉, おちば -fallen leaves, leaf litter, defoliation, shedding leaves
落ちる, おちる -to fail (e.g. exam), to fall down, to drop
おっかない -frightening, huge
仰っしゃる, おっしゃる -to say, to speak, to tell, to talk
乙, おつ -1. strange, quaint, stylish, chic, spicy, queer, witty, tasty, romantic, 2. 2nd in rank, second sign of the
お使い, おつかい -errand
お手上げ, おてあげ -all over, given in, given up hope, bring to knees
御手洗い, おてあらい -toilet, restroom, lavatory, bathroom (US)
弟, おと -younger brother
落とす, おとす -to drop, to lose, to let fall
訪れる, おとずれる -to visit
大人しい, おとなしい -obedient, docile, quiet
少女, おとめ -daughter, young lady, virgin, maiden, little girl
お供, おとも -attendant, companion
衰える, おとろえる -to become weak, to decline, to wear, to abate, to decay, to wither, to waste away
おどおど -coweringly, hesitantly
脅かす, おどかす -to threaten, to coerce
脅す, おどす -to threaten, to menace
驚き, おどろき -surprise, astonishment, wonder
同い年, おないどし -of the same age
女子, おなご -woman, girl
お願いします, おねがいします -please
各, おのおの -each, every, either, respectively, severally
自ずから, おのずから -naturally, as a matter of course
お早う, おはよう -Good morning
お祖母さん, おばあさん -grandmother, female senior-citizen
怯える, おびえる -to become frightened, to have a nightmare
夥しい, おびただしい -abundantly, innumerably
帯びる, おびる -to wear, to carry, to be entrusted, to have, to take on, to have a trace of, to be tinged with
覚え, おぼえ -memory, sense, experience
御負け, おまけ -1. a discount, a prize, 2. something additional, bonus, an extra, 3. an exaggeration
お巡りさん, おまわりさん -policeman (friendly term)
お宮, おみや -Shinto shrine
お襁褓, おむつ -diaper, nappy
お目出度う, おめでとう -(ateji) (int) (uk) Congratulations!, an auspicious occasion!
面, おも -face
思い付き, おもいつき -plan, idea, suggestion
面白い, おもしろい -interesting, amusing
玩具, おもちゃ -toy
重なる, おもなる -main, principal, important
趣, おもむき -meaning, tenor, gist, effect, appearance, taste, grace, charm, refinement
赴く, おもむく -to go, to proceed, to repair to, to become
重役, おもやく -heavy responsibilities, director
重んじる, おもんじる -to respect, to honor, to esteem, to prize
重んずる, おもんずる -to honor, to respect, to esteem, to prize
お休み, おやすみ -holiday, absence, rest, Good night
お八, おやつ -1. (uk) between meal snack, afternoon refreshment, afternoon tea, 2. mid-day snack
凡そ, およそ -about, roughly, as a rule, approximately
及び, および -and, as well as
及ぶ, およぶ -to reach, to come up to, to amount to, to befall, to happen to, to extend, to match, to equal
織, おり -weave, weaving, woven item
檻, おり -cage, pen, jail cell
折り返す, おりかえす -to turn up, to fold back
織物, おりもの -textile, fabric
織る, おる -to weave
俺, おれ -I (ego) (boastful first-person pronoun)
愚か, おろか -foolish, stupid
疎か, おろそか -neglect, negligence, carelessness
終わる, おわる -to finish, to close
音色, おんいろ -tone color, tone quality, timbre, synthesizer patch
温和, おんわ -gentle, mild, moderate
仮, か -tentative, provisional
科, か -department, section
個, か -article counter
下位, かい -low rank, subordinate, lower order (e.g. byte)
改悪, かいあく -deterioration, changing for the worse
海運, かいうん -maritime, marine transportation
改革, かいかく -reform, reformation, innovation
貝殻, かいがら -shell
階級, かいきゅう -class, rank, grade
海峡, かいきょう -channel
会見, かいけん -interview, audience
介護, かいご -nursing
開催, かいさい -holding a meeting, open an exhibition
回収, かいしゅう -collection, recovery
改修, かいしゅう -repair, improvement
怪獣, かいじゅう -monster
解除, かいじょ -cancellation, rescinding, release, calling off
回送, かいそう -forwarding
階層, かいそう -class, level, stratum, hierarchy
開拓, かいたく -reclamation (of wasteland), cultivation, pioneer
会談, かいだん -conversation, conference, discussion, interview
改定, かいてい -reform
改訂, かいてい -revision
街道, かいどう -highway
介入, かいにゅう -intervention
開発, かいはつ -development, exploitation
海抜, かいばつ -height above sea level
介抱, かいほう -nursing, looking after
解剖, かいぼう -dissection, autopsy
回覧, かいらん -circulation
海流, かいりゅう -ocean current
改良, かいりょう -improvement, reform
回路, かいろ -circuit (electric)
顧みる, かえりみる -to look back, to turn around, to review
省みる, かえりみる -to reflect
返る, かえる -to return, to come back, to go back
顔付き, かおつき -(outward) looks, features, face, countenance, expression
掲げる, かかげる -to publish, to print, to carry (an article), to put up, to hang out, to hoist, to fly (a sail), to float (a
踵, かかと -(shoe) heel
係り, かかり -official, duty, person in charge
課外, かがい -extracurricular
書き取り, かきとり -dictation
書き取る, かきとる -to write down, to take dictation, to take notes
掻き回す, かきまわす -to stir up, to churn, to ransack, to disturb
欠く, かく -to lack, to break, to crack, to chip
角, かく -1. angle, 2. bishop (shogi)
核, かく -nucleus, kernel
格, かく -status, character, case
佳句, かく -beautiful passage of literature
画, かく -stroke
格差, かくさ -qualitative difference, disparity
拡散, かくさん -scattering, diffusion
各種, かくしゅ -every kind, all sorts
隔週, かくしゅう -every other week
確信, かくしん -conviction, confidence
革新, かくしん -reform, innovation
確定, かくてい -definition (math), decision, settlement
獲得, かくとく -acquisition, possession
確保, かくほ -guarantee, ensure, maintain, insure, secure
革命, かくめい -revolution
確立, かくりつ -establishment
賭け, かけ -betting, gambling, a gamble
掛け, かけ -credit
駆け足, かけあし -running fast, double time
家計, かけい -household economy, family finances
駆けっこ, かけっこ -(foot) race
駆ける, かける -to run (race esp. horse), to gallop, to canter
賭ける, かける -to wager, to bet, to risk, to stake, to gamble
NAME?
加工, かこう -manufacturing, processing, treatment
化合, かごう -chemical combination
嵩張る, かさばる -to be bulky, to be unwieldy, to grow voluminous
嵩む, かさむ -to pile up, to increase
風車, かざぐるま -1. windmill, 2. pinwheel
畏まりました, かしこまりました -certainly!
華奢, かしゃ -luxury, pomp, delicate, slender, gorgeous
箇所, かしょ -passage, place, point, part
火傷, かしょう -burn, scald
箇条書き, かじょうがき -itemized form, itemization
噛る, かじる -to chew, to bite (at), to gnaw, to nibble, to munch, to crunch, to have a smattering of
微か, かすか -faint, dim, weak, indistinct, hazy, poor, wretched
霞む, かすむ -to grow hazy, to be misty
化する, かする -to change into, to convert into, to transform, to be reduced, to influence, to improve (someone)
擦る, かする -to touch lightly, to take a percentage (from)
火星, かせい -Mars (planet)
化石, かせき -fossil, petrifaction, fossilization
河川, かせん -rivers
化繊, かせん -synthetic fibres
過疎, かそ -depopulation
過多, かた -excess, superabundance
難い, かたい -difficult, hard
片思い, かたおもい -unrequited love
敵, かたき -enemy, rival
気質, かたぎ -spirit, character, trait, temperament, disposition
片言, かたこと -a smattering, talk like a baby, speak haltingly
片付け, かたづけ -tidying up, finishing
傾く, かたぶく -to incline toward, to slant, to lurch, to heel over, to be disposed to, to trend toward, to be prone to, to
傾ける, かたむける -to incline, to list, to bend, to lean, to tip, to tilt, to slant, to concentrate on, to ruin (a country), to
固める, かためる -to harden, to freeze, to fortify
偏る, かたよる -to be one-sided, to incline, to be partial, to be prejudiced, to lean, to be biased
傍ら, かたわら -beside(s), while, nearby
課題, かだい -subject, theme, task
花壇, かだん -flower bed
家畜, かちく -domestic animals, livestock, cattle
画期, かっき -epoch-making
活発, かっぱつ -vigor, active
且つ, かつ -yet, and
割, かつ -divide, cut, halve, separate, split, rip, break, crack, smash, dilute
嘗て, かつて -once, ever
日付, かづけ -date, dating
門, かど -gate
叶う, かなう -to come true (wish)
叶える, かなえる -to grant (request wish)
金槌, かなづち -1. (iron) hammer, 2. punishment
鉄棒, かなぼう -iron rod, crowbar, horizontal bar (gymnastics)
可成, かなり -considerably, fairly, quite
加入, かにゅう -becoming a member, joining, entry, admission, subscription, affiliation, adherence, signing
金庫, かねぐら -safe, vault, treasury, provider of funds
予言, かねごと -prediction, promise, prognostication
兼ねて, かねて -simultaneously
下番, かばん -going off duty
下品, かひん -inferior article
華美, かび -pomp, splendor, gaudiness
花粉, かふん -pollen
株式, かぶしき -stock (company)
気触れる, かぶれる -to react to, to be influenced by, to go overboard for
貨幣, かへい -money, currency, coinage
構え, かまえ -posture, pose, style
構える, かまえる -to set up
加味, かみ -seasoning, flavoring
噛み切る, かみきる -to bite off, to gnaw through
過密, かみつ -crowded
瓶, かめ -earthenware pot
かも知れない, かもしれない -may, might, perhaps, may be, possibly
粥, かゆ -(rice) gruel
痒い, かゆい -itchy, itching
揶揄う, からかう -to ridicule, to tease, to banter with, to make fun of
身体, からだ -the body
体付き, からだつき -body build, figure
絡む, からむ -to entangle, to entwine
借り, かり -borrowing, debt, loan
下吏, かり -lower official
加留多, かるた -(pt:) (n) playing cards (pt: carta)
涸れる, かれる -to dry up, to run out
過労, かろう -overwork, strain
辛うじて, かろうじて -barely, narrowly, just manage to do st
側, かわ -side, row, surroundings, part, (watch) case
可愛い, かわいい -pretty, cute, lovely, charming, dear, darling, pet
可愛がる, かわいがる -to love, to be affectionate
可哀想, かわいそう -poor, pitiable, pathetic
可愛らしい, かわいらしい -lovely, sweet
交わす, かわす -to exchange (messages), to dodge, to parry, to avoid, to turn aside
代わる, かわる -to take the place of, to relieve, to be substituted for, to be exchanged, to change places with, to take
代わる代わる, かわるがわる -alternately
乾, かん -heaven, emperor
管, かん -pipe, tube
幹, かん -(tree) trunk
冠, かん -crown, diadem, first, best, peerless, cap, naming, designating, initiating on coming of age, top character ra
観, かん -look, appearance, spectacle
館, かん -house, hall, building, hotel, inn, guesthouse
簡易, かんい -simplicity, easiness, quasi-
感慨, かんがい -strong feelings, deep emotion
寒気, かんき -cold, frost, chill
簡潔, かんけつ -brevity, conciseness, simplicity
還元, かんげん -resolution, reduction, return to origins
刊行, かんこう -publication, issue
慣行, かんこう -customary practice, habit, traditional event
勧告, かんこく -advice, counsel, remonstrance, recommendation
看護, かんご -nursing, (army) nurse
漢語, かんご -Chinese word, Sino-Japanese word
換算, かんさん -conversion, change, exchange
監視, かんし -observation, guarding, inspection, surveillance
慣習, かんしゅう -usual (historical) custom
観衆, かんしゅう -spectators, onlookers, members of the audience
干渉, かんしょう -interference, intervention
感触, かんしょく -sense of touch, feeling, sensation
肝心, かんじん -essential, fundamental, crucial, vital, main
歓声, かんせい -cheer, shout of joy
感染, かんせん -infection, contagion
幹線, かんせん -main line, trunk line
関税, かんぜい -customs, duty, tariff
簡素, かんそ -simplicity, plain
観点, かんてん -point of view
感度, かんど -sensitivity, severity (quake)
幹部, かんぶ -management, (executive) staff, leaders
勘弁, かんべん -pardon, forgiveness, forbearance
完璧, かんぺき -perfection, completeness, flawless
感無量, かんむりょう -deep feeling, inexpressible feeling, filled with emotion
勧誘, かんゆう -invitation, solicitation, canvassing, inducement, persuasion, encouragement
関与, かんよ -participation, taking part in, participating in, being concerned in
慣用, かんよう -common, customary
寛容, かんよう -forbearance, tolerance, generosity
観覧, かんらん -viewing
官僚, かんりょう -bureaucrat, bureaucracy
慣例, かんれい -custom, precedent, of convention
還暦, かんれき -60th birthday
貫禄, かんろく -presence, dignity
緩和, かんわ -relief, mitigation
蓋, がい -cover, lid, cap
街, がい -~street, ~quarters
外貨, がいか -imported goods, foreign money
外観, がいかん -appearance, exterior, facade
外相, がいしょう -Foreign Minister
害する, がいする -to injure, to damage, to harm, to kill, to hinder
概説, がいせつ -general statement, outline
該当, がいとう -corresponding, answering to, coming under
街頭, がいとう -in the street
概念, がいねん -general idea, concept, notion
外来, がいらい -imported, outpatient clinic
概略, がいりゃく -outline, summary, gist, in brief
学芸, がくげい -arts and sciences, liberal arts
学士, がくし -university graduate
学説, がくせつ -theory
楽譜, がくふ -score (music)
学歴, がくれき -academic background
崖, がけ -cliff
雅致, がち -artistry, good taste, elegance, grace
がっくり -heartbroken
合唱, がっしょう -chorus, singing in a chorus
がっしり -firmly, solidly, tough
合致, がっち -agreement, concurrence, conforming to
がっちり -solidly built, tightly, shrewd, calculating
月日, がっぴ -(the) date
合併, がっぺい -combination, union, amalgamation, consolidation, merger, coalition, fusion, annexation, affiliation, incorpor
がる -feel
側, がわ -side, row, surroundings, part, (watch) case
癌, がん -cancer
眼科, がんか -ophthalmology
眼球, がんきゅう -eyeball
眼鏡, がんきょう -spectacles, glasses
頑固, がんこ -stubbornness, obstinacy
願書, がんしょ -written application or petition
頑丈, がんじょう -solid, firm, stout, burly, strong, sturdy
岩石, がんせき -rock
元年, がんねん -first year (of a specific reign)
贋物, がんぶつ -imitation, counterfeit, forgery, sham
元来, がんらい -originally, primarily, essentially, logically, naturally
生, き -pure, undiluted, raw, crude
期, き -period, time
企画, きかく -planning, project
規格, きかく -standard, norm
着飾る, きかざる -to dress up
器官, きかん -organ (of body), instrument
季刊, きかん -quarterly (e.g. magazine)
危害, きがい -injury, harm, danger
気兼ね, きがね -hesitance, diffidence, feeling constraint, fear of troubling someone, having scruples about doing someth
気軽, きがる -cheerful, buoyant, lighthearted
危機, きき -crisis
聞き取り, ききとり -listening comprehension
効き目, ききめ -effect, virtue, efficacy, impression
帰京, ききょう -returning to Tokyo
基金, ききん -fund, foundation
棄権, きけん -abstain from voting, renunciation of a right
喜劇, きげき -comedy, funny show
起源, きげん -origin, beginning, rise
機構, きこう -mechanism, organization
既婚, きこん -marriage, married
記載, きさい -mention, entry
気障, きざ -affectation, conceit, snobbery
兆し, きざし -signs, omen, symptoms
兆, きざし -signs, omen, symptoms
軋む, きしむ -to jar, to creak, to grate
気象, きしょう -weather, climate
期日, きじつ -fixed date, settlement date
記述, きじゅつ -describing, descriptor
奇数, きすう -odd number
築く, きずく -to build, to pile up, to amass
傷付く, きずつく -to be hurt, to be wounded, to get injured
規制, きせい -regulation
汽船, きせん -steamship
寄贈, きそう -donation, presentation
貴族, きぞく -noble, aristocrat
鍛える, きたえる -to forge, to drill, to temper, to train, to discipline
来る, きたる -to come, to arrive, to be due to, to be next, to be forthcoming
気立て, きだて -disposition, nature
きちっと -exactly, perfectly
几帳面, きちょうめん -methodical, punctual, steady
切っ掛け, きっかけ -chance, start, cue, excuse, motive, impetus, occasion
きっかり -exactly, precisely
喫茶, きっさ -tea drinking, tea house
きっちり -precisely, tightly
屹度, きっと -1. (uk) surely, undoubtedly, certainly, without fail, 2. sternly, severely
きっぱり -clearly, plainly, distinctly
規定, きてい -regulation, provisions
起点, きてん -starting point
軌道, きどう -orbit, railroad track
甲, きのえ -1st in rank, first sign of the Chinese calendar, shell, instep, grade A
気配, きはい -indication, market trend, worry
規範, きはん -model, standard, pattern, norm, criterion, example
気品, きひん -aroma
気風, きふう -character, traits, ethos
起伏, きふく -undulation
規模, きぼ -scale, scope, plan, structure
気まぐれ, きまぐれ -whim, caprice, whimsy, fickle, moody, uneven temper
生真面目, きまじめ -too serious, person who is too serious, honesty, sincerity
期末, きまつ -end of term
決まり悪い, きまりわるい -feeling awkward, being ashamed
決まる, きまる -to be decided, to be settled, to look good in (clothes)
記名, きめい -signature, register
脚色, きゃくしょく -dramatization (e.g. film)
脚本, きゃくほん -scenario
客観, きゃっかん -objective
規約, きやく -agreement, rules, code
救援, きゅうえん -relief, rescue, reinforcement
休学, きゅうがく -temporary absence from school, suspension
究極, きゅうきょく -ultimate, final, eventual
窮屈, きゅうくつ -narrow, tight, stiff, rigid, uneasy, formal, constrained
球根, きゅうこん -(plant) bulb
救済, きゅうさい -relief, aid, rescue, salvation, help
給食, きゅうしょく -school lunch, providing a meal
給仕, きゅうじ -office boy (girl), page, waiter
休戦, きゅうせん -truce, armistice
旧知, きゅうち -old friend, old friendship
宮殿, きゅうでん -palace
窮乏, きゅうぼう -poverty
丘陵, きゅうりょう -hill
共, きょう -both, neither (neg), all, and, as well as, including, with, together with, plural ending
供, きょう -offer, present, submit, serve (a meal), supply
驚異, きょうい -wonder, miracle
教員, きょういん -teaching staff
教科, きょうか -subject, curriculum
協会, きょうかい -association, society, organization
共感, きょうかん -sympathy, response
共学, きょうがく -coeducation
協議, きょうぎ -conference, consultation, discussion, negotiation
教訓, きょうくん -lesson, precept, moral instruction
境遇, きょうぐう -environment, circumstances
強行, きょうこう -forcing, enforcement
強硬, きょうこう -firm, vigorous, unbending, unyielding, strong, stubborn
凶作, きょうさく -bad harvest, poor crop
共産, きょうさん -communism
教材, きょうざい -teaching materials
教習, きょうしゅう -training, instruction
郷愁, きょうしゅう -nostalgia, homesickness
教職, きょうしょく -teaching certificate, the teaching profession
享受, きょうじゅ -reception, acceptance, enjoyment, being given
興じる, きょうじる -to amuse oneself, to make merry
強制, きょうせい -obligation, coercion, compulsion, enforcement
共存, きょうそん -coexistence
姉妹, きょうだい -sisters
協調, きょうちょう -co-operation, conciliation, harmony, firm (market) tone
協定, きょうてい -arrangement, pact, agreement
脅迫, きょうはく -threat, menace, coercion, terrorism
共鳴, きょうめい -resonance, sympathy
郷里, きょうり -birth-place, home town
強烈, きょうれつ -strong, intense, severe
共和, きょうわ -republicanism, cooperation
曲, きょく -tune, piece of music
局限, きょくげん -limit, localize
極端, きょくたん -extreme, extremity
居住, きょじゅう -residence
拒絶, きょぜつ -refusal, rejection
拒否, きょひ -denial, veto, rejection, refusal
許容, きょよう -permission, pardon
距離, きょり -distance, range
寄与, きよ -contribution, service
清らか, きよらか -clean, pure, chaste
気楽, きらく -at ease, comfortable
煌びやか, きらびやか -gorgeous, gaudy, dazzling, gay
切り, きり -limits, end, bounds, period, place to leave off, closing sentence, all there is, only, since
桐, きり -paulownia tree
切り替える, きりかえる -to change, to exchange, to convert, to renew, to throw a switch, to replace, to switch over
気流, きりゅう -atmospheric current
奇麗, きれい -pretty, clean, nice, tidy, beautiful, fair
切れ目, きれめ -break, pause, gap, end, rift, interruption, cut, section, notch, incision, end (of a task)
際, きわ -edge, brink, verge, side
木綿, きわた -cotton
極めて, きわめて -exceedingly, extremely
僅, きん -a little, small quantity
近眼, きんがん -nearsightedness, shortsightedness, myopia
緊急, きんきゅう -urgent, pressing, emergency
近々, きんきん -nearness, before long
近郊, きんこう -suburbs, outskirts
均衡, きんこう -equilibrium, balance
近視, きんし -shortsightedness
禁じる, きんじる -to prohibit
禁ずる, きんずる -to forbid, to suppress
勤勉, きんべん -industry, diligence
勤務, きんむ -service, duty, work
禁物, きんもつ -taboo, forbidden thing
勤労, きんろう -labor, exertion, diligent service
議案, ぎあん -legislative bill
戯曲, ぎきょく -play, drama
議決, ぎけつ -resolution, decision, vote
議事堂, ぎじどう -Diet building
犠牲, ぎせい -sacrifice
偽造, ぎぞう -forgery, falsification, fabrication, counterfeiting
議題, ぎだい -topic of discussion, agenda
技能, ぎのう -technical skill, ability, capacity
逆転, ぎゃくてん -(sudden) change, reversal, turn-around, coming from behind (baseball)
行, ぎょう -line, row, verse
業者, ぎょうしゃ -trader, merchant
行政, ぎょうせい -administration
業績, ぎょうせき -achievement, performance, results, work, contribution
業務, ぎょうむ -business, affairs, duties, work
玉, ぎょく -king (shogi)
漁船, ぎょせん -fishing boat
漁村, ぎょそん -fishing village
義理, ぎり -duty, sense of duty, honor, decency, courtesy, debt of gratitude, social obligation
疑惑, ぎわく -doubt, misgivings, distrust, suspicion
吟味, ぎんみ -testing, scrutiny, careful investigation
区, く -ward, district, section
食い違う, くいちがう -to cross each other, to run counter to, to differ, to clash, to go awry
空腹, くうふく -hunger
区画, くかく -division, section, compartment, boundary, area, block
区間, くかん -section (of track etc)
茎, くき -stalk
区切り, くぎり -an end, a stop, punctuation
潜る, くぐる -1. to drive, to pass through, 2. to evade, to hide, 3. to dive (into or under water), to go undergro
種々, くさぐさ -variety
嚏, くしゃみ -sneeze
旧事, くじ -past events, bygones
籤引, くじびき -lottery, drawn lot
擽ぐったい, くすぐったい -ticklish
草臥れる, くたびれる -to get tired, to wear out
下らない, くだらない -good-for-nothing, stupid, trivial, worthless
件, くだん -example, precedent, the usual, the said, the above-mentioned, (man) in question
口ずさむ, くちずさむ -to hum something, to sing to oneself
嘴, くちばし -beak, bill
朽ちる, くちる -to rot
くっきり -distinctly, clearly, boldly
屈折, くっせつ -bending, indentation, refraction
くっ付く, くっつく -to adhere to, to keep close to
くっ付ける, くっつける -to attach
覆す, くつがえす -to overturn, to upset, to overthrow, to undermine
諄い, くどい -verbose, importunate, heavy (taste)
国境, くにざかい -national or state border
首飾り, くびかざり -necklace
首輪, くびわ -necklace, choker
組み合わせ, くみあわせ -combination
組み合わせる, くみあわせる -to join together, to combine, to join up
組み込む, くみこむ -to insert, to include, to cut in (printing)
蔵, くら -warehouse, cellar, magazine, granary, godown, depository, treasury, elevator
苦しめる, くるしめる -to torment, to harass, to inflict pain
包む, くるむ -to be engulfed in, to be enveloped by, to wrap up, to tuck in, to pack, to do up, to cover with, to dress i
呉れ呉れも, くれぐれも -repeatedly, sincerely, earnestly
呉れる, くれる -to give, to let one have, to do for one, to be given
玄人, くろうと -expert, professional, geisha, prostitute
黒字, くろじ -balance (figure) in the black
君主, くんしゅ -ruler, monarch
愚痴, ぐち -idle complaint, grumble
ぐっと -firmly, fast, much, more
ぐらい -approximately
群, ぐん -group (math)
軍艦, ぐんかん -warship, battleship
群集, ぐんしゅう -(social) group, crowd, throng, mob, multitude
軍事, ぐんじ -military affairs
軍備, ぐんび -armaments, military preparations
軍服, ぐんぷく -military or naval uniform
刑, けい -penalty, sentence, punishment
頃, けい -time, about, toward, approximately (time)
傾, けい -lean, incline
系, けい -system, lineage, group
経過, けいか -passage, expiration, progress
軽快, けいかい -rhythmical (e.g. melody), casual (e.g. dress), light, nimble
警戒, けいかい -warning, admonition, vigilance
計器, けいき -meter, gauge
契機, けいき -opportunity, chance
敬具, けいぐ -Sincerely yours
軽減, けいげん -abatement
掲載, けいさい -appearance (e.g. article in paper)
傾斜, けいしゃ -inclination, slant, slope, bevel, list, dip
形成, けいせい -formation
形勢, けいせい -condition, situation, prospects
軽率, けいそつ -rash, thoughtless, careless, hasty
携帯, けいたい -carrying something
形態, けいたい -form, shape, figure
刑罰, けいばつ -judgement, penalty, punishment
経費, けいひ -expenses, cost, outlay
警部, けいぶ -police inspector
軽蔑, けいべつ -scorn, disdain
経歴, けいれき -personal history, career
経路, けいろ -course, route, channel
汚す, けがす -to disgrace, to dishonour
汚らわしい, けがらわしい -filthy, unfair
汚れ, けがれ -uncleanness, impurity, disgrace
汚れる, けがれる -to get dirty, to become dirty
獣, けだもの -beast, brute
吝嗇, けち -stinginess, miser, miserliness, skinflint, tightwad, niggard, pinching pennies
結核, けっかく -tuberculosis, tubercule
血管, けっかん -blood vessel
決行, けっこう -doing (with resolve), carrying out (i.e. a plan)
決算, けっさん -balance sheet, settlement of accounts
決勝, けっしょう -decision of a contest, finals (in sports)
結晶, けっしょう -crystal, crystallization
結成, けっせい -formation
結束, けっそく -union, unity
傑, けつ -excellence
決意, けつい -decision, determination
決議, けつぎ -resolution, vote, decision
結合, けつごう -combination, union
決断, けつだん -decision, determination
欠乏, けつぼう -want, shortage, famine
蹴飛ばす, けとばす -to kick away, to kick off, to kick (someone), to refuse, to reject
貶す, けなす -to speak ill of
煙たい, けむたい -smoky, feeling awkward
煙る, けむる -to smoke (e.g. fire)
家来, けらい -retainer, retinue, servant
けれど -but, however
圏, けん -sphere, circle, range
権, けん -authority, the right (to do something)
権威, けんい -authority, power, influence
兼業, けんぎょう -side line, second business
権限, けんげん -power, authority, jurisdiction
健在, けんざい -in good health, well
懸賞, けんしょう -offering prizes, winning, reward
検事, けんじ -public prosecutor
健全, けんぜん -health, soundness, wholesome
見地, けんち -point of view
賢明, けんめい -wisdom, intelligence, prudence
倹約, けんやく -thrift, economy, frugality
兼用, けんよう -multi-use, combined use, combination, serving two purposes
権力, けんりょく -power, authority, influence
劇団, げきだん -troupe, theatrical company
激励, げきれい -encouragement
月謝, げっしゃ -monthly tuition fee
げっそり -being disheartened, losing weight
月賦, げっぷ -monthly installment
下痢, げり -diarrhoea
原, げん -original, primitive, primary, fundamental, raw
原形, げんけい -original form, base form
現行, げんこう -present, current, in operation
原作, げんさく -original work
原子, げんし -atom
元首, げんしゅ -ruler, sovereign
原書, げんしょ -original document
減少, げんしょう -decrease, reduction, decline
現場, げんじょう -actual spot, scene, scene of the crime
元素, げんそ -chemical element
原則, げんそく -principle, general rule
現像, げんぞう -developing (film)
現地, げんち -actual place, local
限定, げんてい -limit, restriction
原点, げんてん -origin (coordinates), starting point
原典, げんてん -original (text)
減点, げんてん -subtract, give a demerit
原爆, げんばく -atomic bomb
原文, げんぶん -the text, original
厳密, げんみつ -strict, close
原油, げんゆ -crude oil
言論, げんろん -discussion
故, こ -the late (deceased)
戸, こ -counter for houses
児, こ -child, the young of animals
巨, こ -big, large, great
恋する, こいする -to fall in love with, to love
溝, こう -10^38, hundred undecillion (American), hundred sextillion (British)
NAME?
好意, こうい -good will, favor, courtesy
行為, こうい -act, deed, conduct
行員, こういん -bank clerk
交易, こうえき -trade, commerce
公演, こうえん -public performance
後悔, こうかい -regret, repentance
公開, こうかい -presenting to the public
航海, こうかい -sail, voyage
工学, こうがく -engineering
皇居, こうきょ -Imperial Palace
好況, こうきょう -prosperous conditions, healthy economy
抗議, こうぎ -protest, objection
鉱業, こうぎょう -mining industry
興業, こうぎょう -industrial enterprise
高原, こうげん -tableland, plateau
煌々と, こうこうと -brilliantly, brightly
考古学, こうこがく -archaeology
交互, こうご -mutual, reciprocal, alternate
工作, こうさく -work, construction, handicraft, maneuvering
耕作, こうさく -cultivation, farming
鉱山, こうざん -mine (ore)
講習, こうしゅう -short course, training
交渉, こうしょう -negotiations, discussions, connection
高尚, こうしょう -high, noble, refined, advanced
行進, こうしん -march, parade
香辛料, こうしんりょう -spices
口述, こうじゅつ -verbal statement
控除, こうじょ -subsidy, deduction
向上, こうじょう -elevation, rise, improvement, advancement, progress
降水, こうすい -rainfall, precipitation
洪水, こうずい -flood
公然, こうぜん -open (e.g. secret), public, official
抗争, こうそう -dispute, resistance
構想, こうそう -plan, plot, idea, conception
拘束, こうそく -restriction, restraint
後退, こうたい -retreat, backspace (BS)
光沢, こうたく -brilliance, polish, lustre, glossy finish (of photographs)
公団, こうだん -public corporation
好調, こうちょう -favourable, promising, satisfactory, in good shape
口頭, こうとう -oral
講読, こうどく -reading, translation
購読, こうどく -subscription (e.g. magazine)
購入, こうにゅう -purchase, buy
公認, こうにん -official recognition, authorization, licence, accreditation
光熱費, こうねつひ -cost of fuel and light
荒廃, こうはい -ruin
購買, こうばい -purchase, buy
好評, こうひょう -popularity, favorable reputation
交付, こうふ -delivering, furnishing (with copies)
降伏, こうふく -capitulation, surrender, submission
興奮, こうふん -excitement, stimulation, agitation, arousal
公募, こうぼ -public appeal, public contribution
巧妙, こうみょう -ingenious, skillful, clever, deft
公用, こうよう -government business, public use, public expense
小売, こうり -retail
効率, こうりつ -efficiency
公立, こうりつ -public (institution)
小柄, こがら -short (build)
小切手, こぎって -cheque, check
国産, こくさん -domestic products
国定, こくてい -state-sponsored, national
国土, こくど -realm
告白, こくはく -confession, acknowledgement
国防, こくぼう -national defence
国有, こくゆう -national ownership
国連, こくれん -U.N., United Nations
漕ぐ, こぐ -to row, to scull, to pedal
焦げ茶, こげちゃ -black tea
個々, ここ -individual, one by one
箇箇, ここ -individual, separate
心地, ここち -feeling, sensation, mood
心得, こころえ -knowledge, information
心掛け, こころがけ -readiness, intention, aim
心掛ける, こころがける -to bear in mind, to aim to do
志, こころざし -will, intention, motive
志す, こころざす -to plan, to intend, to aspire to, to set aims (sights on)
心強い, こころづよい -heartening, reassuring
心細い, こころぼそい -helpless, forlorn, hopeless, unpromising, lonely, discouraging, disheartening
試み, こころみ -trial, experiment
試みる, こころみる -to try, to test
快い, こころよい -pleasant, agreeable
凝らす, こごらす -to freeze, to congeal
凝る, こごる -to congeal, to freeze
拵える, こしらえる -to make, to manufacture
孤児, こじ -orphan
拗れる, こじれる -to get complicated, to grow worse
故人, こじん -the deceased, old friend
梢, こずえ -treetop
個性, こせい -individuality, personality, idiosyncrasy
戸籍, こせき -census, family register
小銭, こぜに -coins, small change
固体, こたい -solid (body)
答え, こたえ -answer, response
堪える, こたえる -to bear, to stand, to endure, to put up with, to support, to withstand, to resist, to brave, to be fit for, t
火燵, こたつ -table with heater, (orig) charcoal brazier in a floor well
古代, こだい -ancient times
こだわる -to fuss over, to be particular about, to be concerned about
誇張, こちょう -exaggeration
滑稽, こっけい -funny, humorous, comical, laughable, ridiculous, joking
国交, こっこう -diplomatic relations
骨董品, こっとうひん -curio
骨, こつ -knack, skill
固定, こてい -fixation
事柄, ことがら -matter, thing, affair, circumstance
悉く, ことごとく -altogether, entirely
言伝, ことづて -declaration, hearsay
殊に, ことに -especially, above all
事によると, ことによると -depending on the circumstances
孤独, こどく -isolation, loneliness, solitude
粉々, こなごな -in very small pieces
此の, この -this
この間, このあいだ -the other day, lately, recently
この頃, このごろ -recently
好ましい, このましい -nice, likeable, desirable
個別, こべつ -particular case
零す, こぼす -to spill
零れる, こぼれる -to overflow, to spill
細やか, こまやか -friendly
混む, こむ -to be crowded
込める, こめる -to include, to put into
篭る, こもる -to seclude oneself, to be confined in, to be implied, to be stuffy
固有, こゆう -characteristic, tradition, peculiar, inherent, eigen-
雇用, こよう -employment (long term), hire
暦, こよみ -calendar, almanac
堪える, こらえる -to bear, to stand, to endure, to put up with, to support, to withstand, to resist, to brave, to be fit for, t
孤立, こりつ -isolation, helplessness
懲りる, こりる -to learn by experience, to be disgusted with
此れ, これ -this
此れ等, これら -these
魂, こん -soul, spirit
根気, こんき -patience, perseverance, energy
根拠, こんきょ -basis, foundation
混血, こんけつ -mixed race, mixed parentage
昆虫, こんちゅう -insect, bug
根底, こんてい -root, basis, foundation
混同, こんどう -confusion, mixing, merger
今日は, こんにちは -hello, good day (daytime greeting id)
今晩は, こんばんは -good evening
根本, こんぽん -origin, source, foundation, root, base, principle
御, ご -go-, honourable
語彙, ごい -vocabulary, glossary
濠, ごう -moat
業, ごう -Buddhist karma, actions committed in a former life
号, ごう -number, issue
合意, ごうい -agreement, consent, mutual understanding
合議, ごうぎ -consultation, conference
強気, ごうぎ -great, grand
合成, ごうせい -synthesis, composition, synthetic, composite, mixed, combined, compound
護衛, ごえい -guard, convoy, escort
語句, ごく -words, phrases
極楽, ごくらく -paradise
ご苦労様, ごくろうさま -Thank you very much for your....
語源, ごげん -word root, word derivation, etymology
誤差, ごさ -error
ご座います, ございます -to be (polite), to exist
ご馳走, ごちそう -feast, treating (someone)
ご馳走さま, ごちそうさま -feast
毎, ごと -each respectively
碁盤, ごばん -Go board
ご無沙汰, ごぶさた -not writing or contacting for a while
誤魔化す, ごまかす -to deceive, to falsify, to misrepresent
御免ください, ごめんください -May I come in?
御免なさい, ごめんなさい -I beg your pardon, excuse me
御覧なさい, ごらんなさい -(please) look, (please) try to do
佐, さ -help
再, さい -re-, again, repeated
差異, さい -difference, disparity
再会, さいかい -another meeting, meeting again, reunion
災害, さいがい -calamity, disaster, misfortune
細菌, さいきん -bacillus, bacterium, germ
細工, さいく -work, craftsmanship, tactics, trick
採掘, さいくつ -mining
採決, さいけつ -vote, roll call
再建, さいけん -rebuilding, reconstruction, rehabilitation
再現, さいげん -reappearance, reproduction, return, revival
採算, さいさん -profit
採集, さいしゅう -collecting, gathering
再生, さいせい -playback, regeneration, resuscitation, return to life, rebirth, reincarnation, narrow escape, reclamation, r
最善, さいぜん -the very best
採択, さいたく -adoption, selection, choice
再発, さいはつ -return, relapse, reoccurrence
栽培, さいばい -cultivation
細胞, さいぼう -cell (biology)
採用, さいよう -use, adopt
遮る, さえぎる -to interrupt, to intercept, to obstruct
囀る, さえずる -to sing, to chirp, to twitter
冴える, さえる -to be clear, to be serene, to be cold, to be skillful
竿, さお -rod, pole (e.g. for drying laundry)
栄える, さかえる -to prosper, to flourish
杯, さかずき -wine cups
逆立ち, さかだち -handstand, headstand
逆上る, さかのぼる -to go back, to go upstream, to make retroactive
盛る, さかる -to prosper, to flourish, to copulate (animals)
差額, さがく -balance, difference, margin
下がる, さがる -to hang down, to abate, to retire, to fall, to step back
一昨昨日, さきおととい -two days before yesterday
先に, さきに -before, earlier than, ahead, beyond, away, previously, recently
詐欺, さぎ -fraud, swindle
作, さく -a work, a harvest
策, さく -plan, policy
柵, さく -fence, paling
削減, さくげん -cut, reduction, curtailment
錯誤, さくご -mistake
作戦, さくせん -military or naval operations, tactics, strategy
作物, さくぶつ -literary work
叫び, さけび -shout, scream, outcry
裂ける, さける -to split, to tear, to burst
捧げる, ささげる -to lift up, to give, to offer, to consecrate, to devote, to sacrifice, to dedicate
差し掛かる, さしかかる -to come near to, to approach
指図, さしず -instruction, mandate
差し出す, さしだす -to present, to submit, to tender, to hold out
差し支える, さしつかえる -to interfere, to hinder, to become impeded
差し引く, さしひく -to deduct
些事, さじ -something small or petty, trifle
授ける, さずける -to grant, to award, to teach
嘸, さぞ -I am sure, certainly, no doubt
定まる, さだまる -to become settled, to be fixed
定める, さだめる -to decide, to establish, to determine
錯覚, さっかく -optical illusion, hallucination
早急, さっきゅう -urgent
察する, さっする -to guess, to sense, to presume, to judge, to sympathize with
さっと -quickly, suddenly
冊, さつ -counter for books
殺人, さつじん -murder
偖, さて -well, now, then
悟る, さとる -to attain enlightenment, to perceive, to understand, to discern
真実, さな -truth, reality
裁く, さばく -to judge
錆び, さび -rust (colour)
左程, さほど -(not) very, (not) much
様, さま -Mr. or Mrs., manner, kind, appearance
三味線, さみせん -three-stringed Japanese guitar, shamisen
侍, さむらい -Samurai, warrior
然も, さも -with gusto, with satisfaction
作用, さよう -action, operation, effect, function
左様なら, さようなら -good-bye
拐う, さらう -to carry off, to run away with, to kidnap, to abduct
爽やか, さわやか -fresh, refreshing, invigorating, clear, fluent, eloquent
障る, さわる -to hinder, to interfere with, to affect, to do one harm, to be harmful to
酸, さん -acid
さん -Mr or Mrs
酸化, さんか -oxidation
山岳, さんがく -mountains
産休, さんきゅう -maternity leave
桟橋, さんきょう -wharf, bridge, jetty, pier
参議院, さんぎいん -House of Councillors
産後, さんご -postpartum, after childbirth
産出, さんしゅつ -yield, produce
参照, さんしょう -reference, consultation, consultation
参上, さんじょう -calling on, visiting
賛成, さんせい -approval, agreement, support, favour
賛美, さんび -praise, adoration, glorification
産婦人科, さんふじんか -maternity and gynecology department
産物, さんぶつ -product, result, fruit
山腹, さんぷく -hillside, mountainside
山脈, さんみゃく -mountain range
財, ざい -fortune, riches
財源, ざいげん -source of funds, resources, finances
在庫, ざいこ -stockpile, stock
財政, ざいせい -economy, financial affairs
座談会, ざだんかい -symposium, round-table discussion
雑貨, ざっか -miscellaneous goods, general goods, sundries
雑, ざつ -rough, crude
雑談, ざつだん -chatting, idle talk
雑木, ざつぼく -various kinds of small trees, assorted trees
座標, ざひょう -coordinate(s)
残金, ざんきん -remaining money
残酷, ざんこく -cruelty, harshness
残高, ざんだか -(bank) balance, remainder
死, し -death, decease
し -10^24 (kanji is JIS X 0212 kuten 4906), septillion (American), quadrillion (British)
次, し -order, sequence, times, next, below
仕上がり, しあがり -finish, end, completion
仕上げ, しあげ -end, finishing touches, being finished
仕上げる, しあげる -to finish up, to complete
明々後日, しあさって -two days after tomorrow
飼育, しいく -breeding, raising, rearing
強いて, しいて -by force
強いる, しいる -to force, to compel, to coerce
仕入れる, しいれる -to lay in stock, to replenish stock, to procure
しいんと -silent (as the grave), (deathly) quiet
歯科, しか -dentistry
資格, しかく -qualifications, requirements, capabilities
視覚, しかく -sense of sight, vision
仕掛け, しかけ -device, trick, mechanism, gadget, (small) scale, half finished, commencement, set up, challenge
仕掛ける, しかける -to commence, to lay (mines), to set (traps), to wage (war), to challenge
然し, しかし -however, but
然しながら, しかしながら -nevertheless, however
而も, しかも -moreover, furthermore, nevertheless, and yet
市街, しがい -urban areas, the streets, town, city
指揮, しき -command, direction
色彩, しきさい -colour, hue, tints
式場, しきじょう -ceremonial hall, place of ceremony (e.g. marriage)
為来り, しきたり -customs
頻りに, しきりに -frequently, repeatedly, incessantly, eagerly
仕切る, しきる -to partition, to divide, to mark off, to settle accounts, to toe the mark
資金, しきん -funds, capital
施行, しぎょう -1. execution, enforcing, carrying out
しくじる -to fail, to fall through, to blunder
仕組み, しくみ -devising, plan, plot, contrivance, construction, arrangement
死刑, しけい -death penalty, capital punishment
湿気る, しける -to be damp, to be moist
思考, しこう -thought
志向, しこう -intention, aim
嗜好, しこう -taste, liking, preference
視察, しさつ -inspection, observation
資産, しさん -property, fortune, means, assets
刺繍, ししゅう -embroidery
支持, しじ -support, maintenance
指示, しじ -indication, instruction, directions
雫, しずく -drop (of water)
沈める, しずめる -to sink, to submerge
施設, しせつ -institution, establishment, facility, (army) engineer
子息, しそく -son
慕う, したう -to yearn for, to miss, to adore, to love dearly
従って, したがって -therefore, consequently, in accordance with
下心, したごころ -secret intention, motive
親しむ, したしむ -to be intimate with, to befriend
下調べ, したしらべ -preliminary investigation, preparation
下地, したじ -groundwork, foundation, inclination, aptitude, elementary knowledge of, grounding in, prearrangement, spade
認める, したためる -to write up
仕立てる, したてる -to tailor, to make, to prepare, to train, to send (a messenger)
下取り, したどり -trade in, part exchange
下火, したび -burning low, waning, declining
失格, しっかく -disqualification, elimination, incapacity (legal)
確り, しっかり -firmly, tightly, reliable, level-headed, steady
質素, しっそ -simplicity, modesty, frugality
失調, しっちょう -lack of harmony
嫉妬, しっと -jealousy
尻尾, しっぽ -tail (animal)
室, しつ -room
質疑, しつぎ -question
躾, しつけ -home discipline, training, upbringing, breeding
仕付ける, しつける -to be used to a job, to begin to do, to baste, to tack, to plant
指摘, してき -pointing out, identification
視点, してん -opinion, point of view, visual point
萎びる, しなびる -to wilt, to fade
嫋か, しなやか -supple, flexible, elastic
屎尿, しにょう -excreta, raw sewage, human waste, night soil
凌ぐ, しのぐ -to outdo, to surpass, to endure, to keep out (rain), to stave off, to tide over, to pull through, to defy, t
始発, しはつ -first train
芝, しば -lawn, sod, turf
屡, しばしば -often, again and again, frequently
暫く, しばらく -little while
痺れる, しびれる -to become numb, to go to sleep (i.e. a limb)
渋い, しぶい -1. tasteful (clothing), cool, an aura of refined masculinity, 2. astringent, sullen, bitter (taste), 3
私物, しぶつ -private property, personal effects
しぶとい -tenacious, stubborn
司法, しほう -administration of justice
脂肪, しぼう -fat, grease, blubber
志望, しぼう -wish, desire, ambition
萎む, しぼむ -to wither, to fade (away), to shrivel, to wilt
仕舞, しまい -end, termination, informal (Noh play)
仕舞う, しまう -to finish, to close, to do something completely, to put away, to put an end to
しまった -Damn it!
始末, しまつ -management, dealing, settlement, cleaning up afterwards
泌み泌み, しみじみ -keenly, deeply, heartily
染みる, しみる -to pierce, to permeate
使命, しめい -mission, errand, message
締め切り, しめきり -closing, cut-off, end, deadline, Closed, No Entrance
僕, しもべ -manservant, servant (of God)
社交, しゃこう -social life, social intercourse
謝絶, しゃぜつ -refusal
社宅, しゃたく -company owned house
吃逆, しゃっくり -hiccough, hiccup
喋る, しゃべる -to talk, to chat, to chatter
斜面, しゃめん -slope, slanting surface, bevel
洒落, しゃらく -frank, open-hearted
洒落る, しゃれる -to joke, to play on words, to dress stylishly
視野, しや -field of vision, outlook
種, しゅ -kind, variety, species
衆, しゅう -masses, great number, the people
周, しゅう -circuit, lap, circumference, vicinity, Chou (dynasty)
収益, しゅうえき -earnings, proceeds, returns
修学, しゅうがく -learning
周期, しゅうき -cycle, period
衆議院, しゅうぎいん -Lower House, House of Representatives
就業, しゅうぎょう -employment, starting work
修行, しゅうぎょう -pursuit of knowledge, studying, learning, training, ascetic practice, discipline
集計, しゅうけい -totalization, aggregate
襲撃, しゅうげき -attack, charge, raid
収支, しゅうし -income and expenditure
終始, しゅうし -beginning and end, from beginning to end, doing a thing from beginning to end
修士, しゅうし -Masters degree program
収集, しゅうしゅう -gathering up, collection, accumulation
修飾, しゅうしょく -ornamentation, embellishment, decoration, adornment, polish up (writing), modification (gram)
終日, しゅうじつ -all day
執着, しゅうじゃく -attachment, adhesion, tenacity
収容, しゅうよう -accommodation, reception, seating, housing, custody, admission, entering (in a dictionary)
修了, しゅうりょう -completion (of a course)
守衛, しゅえい -security guard, doorkeeper
主演, しゅえん -starring, playing the leading part
主観, しゅかん -subjectivity, subject, ego
祝賀, しゅくが -celebration, congratulations
宿命, しゅくめい -fate, destiny, predestination
主権, しゅけん -sovereignty, supremacy, dominion
手芸, しゅげい -handicrafts
主催, しゅさい -organization, sponsorship
取材, しゅざい -choice of subject, collecting data
趣旨, しゅし -object, meaning
主食, しゅしょく -staple food
主人公, しゅじんこう -protagonist, main character, hero(ine) (of a story), head of household
主体, しゅたい -subject, main constituent
主題, しゅだい -subject, theme, motif
出血, しゅっけつ -bleeding, haemorrhage
出産, しゅっさん -(child)birth, delivery, production (of goods)
出社, しゅっしゃ -arrival (in a country at work etc.)
出生, しゅっしょう -birth
出世, しゅっせ -promotion, successful career, eminence
出費, しゅっぴ -expenses, disbursements
出品, しゅっぴん -exhibit, display
出演, しゅつえん -performance, stage appearance
出題, しゅつだい -proposing a question
出動, しゅつどう -sailing, marching, going out
主導, しゅどう -main leadership
主任, しゅにん -person in charge, responsible official
首脳, しゅのう -head, brains
守備, しゅび -defense
手法, しゅほう -technique
私有, しゆう -private ownership
諸, しょ -various, many, several
背負う, しょう -to be burdened with, to carry on back or shoulder
象, しょう -phenomenon
症, しょう -illness
傷, しょう -wound, injury, hurt, cut, gash, bruise, scratch, scar, weak point
商, しょう -quotient
消去, しょうきょ -elimination, erasing, dying out, melting away
衝撃, しょうげき -shock, crash, impact, ballistic
証言, しょうげん -evidence, testimony
証拠, しょうこ -evidence, proof
消耗, しょうこう -exhaustion, consumption
照合, しょうごう -collation, comparison
詳細, しょうさい -detail, particulars
昇進, しょうしん -promotion
少数, しょうすう -minority, few
称する, しょうする -to pretend, to take the name of, to feign, to purport
消息, しょうそく -news, letter, circumstances
承諾, しょうだく -consent, acquiescence, agreement
象徴, しょうちょう -symbol
小児科, しょうにか -pediatrics
証人, しょうにん -witness
照明, しょうめい -illumination
勝利, しょうり -victory, triumph, conquest, success, win
奨励, しょうれい -encouragement, promotion, message, address
職員, しょくいん -staff member, personnel
植民地, しょくみんち -colony
職務, しょくむ -professional duties
諸君, しょくん -Gentlemen!, Ladies!
所在, しょざい -whereabouts
所々, しょしょ -here and there, some parts (of something)
所持, しょじ -possession, owning
所属, しょぞく -attached to, belong to
処置, しょち -treatment
しょっちゅう -always, constantly
所定, しょてい -fixed, prescribed
所得, しょとく -income, earnings
初版, しょはん -first edition
処罰, しょばつ -punishment
書評, しょひょう -book review
処分, しょぶん -disposal, dealing, punishment
庶民, しょみん -masses, common people
庶務, しょむ -general affairs
私用, しよう -personal use, private business
仕様, しよう -way, method, resource, remedy, (technical) specification
使用人, しようにん -employee, servant
調べ, しらべ -preparation, investigation, inspection
知り合い, しりあい -acquaintance
退く, しりぞく -to retreat, to recede, to withdraw
退ける, しりぞける -to repel, to drive away
記す, しるす -to note, to write down
指令, しれい -orders, instructions, directive
代, しろ -price, materials, substitution
皺, しわ -wrinkles, creases
新, しん -new
進化, しんか -evolution, progress
殿, しんがり -rear, rear unit guard
審議, しんぎ -deliberation
進行, しんこう -advance
新興, しんこう -rising, developing, emergent
振興, しんこう -promotion, encouragement
申告, しんこく -report, statement, filing a return, notification
新婚, しんこん -newly-wed
審査, しんさ -judging, inspection, examination, investigation
紳士, しんし -gentleman
進出, しんしゅつ -advance, step forward
信者, しんじゃ -believer, adherent, devotee, Christian
真珠, しんじゅ -pearl
心中, しんじゅう -double suicide, lovers suicide
心情, しんじょう -mentality
新人, しんじん -new face, newcomer
神聖, しんせい -holiness, sacredness, dignity
親善, しんぜん -friendship
真相, しんそう -truth, real situation
新築, しんちく -new building, new construction
進呈, しんてい -presentation
進展, しんてん -progress, development
神殿, しんでん -temple, sacred place
進度, しんど -progress
振動, しんどう -oscillation, vibration
新入生, しんにゅうせい -freshman, first-year student
信任, しんにん -trust, confidence, credence
審判, しんばん -refereeing, trial, judgement, umpire, referee
神秘, しんぴ -mystery
辛抱, しんぼう -patience, endurance
真理, しんり -truth
侵略, しんりゃく -aggression, invasion, raid
診療, しんりょう -medical examination and treatment, diagnosis
進路, しんろ -course, route
自覚, じかく -self-conscious
地方, じかた -area, locality, district, region, the coast
自我, じが -self, the ego
磁気, じき -magnetism
磁器, じき -porcelain, china
事業, じぎょう -project, enterprise, business, industry, operations
地形, じぎょう -terrain, geographical features, topography
軸, じく -axis, stem, shaft, axle
自己, じこ -self, oneself
事項, じこう -matter, item, facts
時刻表, じこくひょう -table, diagram, chart, timetable, schedule
地獄, じごく -hell
時差, じさ -time difference
自在, じざい -freely, at will
自主, じしゅ -independence, autonomy
自首, じしゅ -surrender, give oneself up
辞職, じしょく -resignation
自信, じしん -self-confidence
事前, じぜん -prior, beforehand, in advance
自尊心, じそんしん -self-respect, conceit
持続, じぞく -continuation
字体, じたい -type, font, lettering
辞退, じたい -refusal
じっくり -deliberately, carefully
実質, じっしつ -substance, essence
実践, じっせん -practice, put into practice
実態, じったい -truth, fact
実費, じっぴ -actual expense, cost price
十分, じっぷん -10 minutes
実, じつ -truth, reality, sincerity, fidelity, kindness, faith, substance, essence
実業家, じつぎょうか -industrialist, businessman
実情, じつじょう -real condition, actual circumstances, actual state of affairs
自転, じてん -rotation, spin
自動詞, じどうし -intransitive verb (no direct obj)
地主, じぬし -landlord
耳鼻科, じびか -otolaryngology
地元, じもと -local
弱, じゃく -weakness, the weak, little less then
若干, じゃっかん -some, few, number of
砂利, じゃり -gravel, ballast, pebbles
じゃん拳, じゃんけん -rock-scissors-paper game
住, じゅう -dwelling, living
従業員, じゅうぎょういん -employee, worker
従事, じゅうじ -engaging, pursuing, following
充実, じゅうじつ -fullness, completion, perfection, substantiality, enrichment
十字路, じゅうじろ -crossroads
絨毯, じゅうたん -carpet
柔軟, じゅうなん -flexible, lithe
重複, じゅうふく -duplication, repetition, overlapping, redundancy, restoration
重宝, じゅうほう -priceless treasure, convenience, usefulness
従来, じゅうらい -up to now, so far, traditional
塾, じゅく -coaching school, lessons
樹木, じゅもく -trees and shrubs, arbour
樹立, じゅりつ -establish, create
準急, じゅんきゅう -local express (train slower than an express)
準じる, じゅんじる -to follow, to conform, to apply to
準ずる, じゅんずる -to apply correspondingly, to correspond to, to be proportionate to, to conform to
助, じょ -help, rescue, assistant
情, じょう -feelings, emotion, passion
NAME?
尉, じょう -jailer, old man, rank, company officer
嬢, じょう -young woman
状, じょう -shape
上位, じょうい -superior (rank not class), higher order (e.g. byte), host computer (of connected device)
上演, じょうえん -performance (e.g. music)
城下, じょうか -land near the castle
乗客, じょうかく -passenger
上空, じょうくう -sky, the skies, high-altitude sky, upper air
上司, じょうし -superior authorities, boss
情緒, じょうしょ -emotion, feeling
上昇, じょうしょう -rising, ascending, climbing
情勢, じょうせい -state of things, condition, situation
情熱, じょうねつ -passion, enthusiasm, zeal
丈夫, じょうふ -1. hero, gentleman, warrior, manly person, 2. good health, robustness, strong, solid, durable
譲歩, じょうほ -concession, conciliation, compromise
条約, じょうやく -treaty, pact
上陸, じょうりく -landing, disembarkation
蒸留, じょうりゅう -distillation
除外, じょがい -exception, exclusion
助言, じょげん -advice, suggestion
徐行, じょこう -going slowly
女史, じょし -Ms.
助詞, じょし -particle, postposition
助動詞, じょどうし -auxiliary verb
自立, じりつ -independence, self-reliance
人, じん -man, person, people
人格, じんかく -personality, character, individuality
人材, じんざい -man of talent
迅速, じんそく -quick, fast, rapid, swift, prompt
人体, じんたい -human body
人民, じんみん -people, public
人目, じんもく -glimpse, public gaze
水気, すいき -1. moisture, dampness, vapor, 2. dropsy, edema
水源, すいげん -source of river, fountainhead
推進, すいしん -propulsion, driving force
水洗, すいせん -flushing
吹奏, すいそう -playing wind instruments
推測, すいそく -guess, conjecture
水田, すいでん -(water-filled) paddy field
推理, すいり -reasoning, inference, mystery or detective genre (movie novel etc.)
数詞, すうし -numeral
崇拝, すうはい -worship, adoration, admiration, cult
据え付ける, すえつける -to install, to equip, to mount
据える, すえる -to set (table), to lay (foundation), to place (gun), to apply (moxa)
清々しい, すがすがしい -fresh, refreshing
過ぎ, すぎ -past, after
救い, すくい -help, aid, relief
掬う, すくう -to scoop, to ladle out
少なくとも, すくなくとも -at least
直ぐ, すぐ -immediately, soon, easily, right (near), honest, upright
健やか, すこやか -vigorous, healthy, sound
濯ぐ, すすぐ -to rinse, to wash out
進み, すすみ -progress
勧め, すすめ -recommendation, advice, encouragement
裾, すそ -(trouser) cuff, (skirt) hem, cut edge of a hairdo, foot of mountain
廃れる, すたれる -to go out of use, to become obsolete, to die out, to go out of fashion
酸っぱい, すっぱい -sour, acid
素敵, すてき -lovely, dreamy, beautiful, great, fantastic, superb, cool, capital
即ち, すなわち -that is, namely, i.e.
すばしこい -nimble, smart, quick
素早い, すばやい -fast, quick, prompt, agile
済ます, すます -to finish, to get it over with, to settle, to conclude, to pay back
澄ます, すます -to clear, to make clear, to be unruffled, to look unconcerned, to look demure, look prim, put on airs
済まない, すまない -sorry (phrase)
済みません, すみません -sorry, excuse me
天皇, すめらぎ -Emperor of Japan
刷り, すり -printing
剃る, する -to shave
擦れ違い, すれちがい -chance encounter
すれ違う, すれちがう -to pass by one another, to disagree, to miss each other
擦れる, すれる -to rub, to chafe, to wear, to become sophisticated
すんなり -pass with no objection, slim, slender
図々しい, ずうずうしい -impudent, shameless
ずばり -decisively, decidedly, once and for all, unreservedly, frankly
ずぶ濡れ, ずぶぬれ -soaked, dripping wet
ずらっと -in a line, in a row
ずるずる -sound or act of dragging, loose, inconclusive but unwanted situation, trailingly
ずれ -gap, slippage
ずれる -to slide, to slip off
制, せい -system, organization, imperial command, laws, regulation, control, government, suppression, restraint, holding
生育, せいいく -growth, development, breeding
成果, せいか -results, fruits
正解, せいかい -correct, right, correct interpretation (answer solution)
正規, せいき -regular, legal, formal, established, legitimate
正義, せいぎ -justice, right, righteousness, correct meaning
生計, せいけい -livelihood, living
政権, せいけん -administration, political power
精巧, せいこう -elaborate, delicate, exquisite
制裁, せいさい -restraint, sanctions, punishment
政策, せいさく -political measures, policy
清算, せいさん -liquidation, settlement
星座, せいざ -constellation
生死, せいし -life and death
静止, せいし -stillness, repose, standing still
青春, せいしゅん -youth, springtime of life, adolescent
聖書, せいしょ -Bible, scriptures
誠実, せいじつ -sincere, honest, faithful
成熟, せいじゅく -maturity, ripeness
清純, せいじゅん -purity, innocence
正常, せいじょう -normalcy, normality, normal
制する, せいする -to control, to command, to get the better of
整然, せいぜん -orderly, regular, well-organized, trim, accurate
盛装, せいそう -be dressed up, wear rich clothes
盛大, せいだい -grand, prosperous, magnificent
清濁, せいだく -good and evil, purity and impurity
制定, せいてい -enactment, establishment, creation
静的, せいてき -static
製鉄, せいてつ -iron manufacture
晴天, せいてん -fine weather
正当, せいとう -just, justifiable, right, due, proper, equitable, reasonable, legitimate, lawful
成年, せいねん -majority, adult age
制服, せいふく -uniform
征服, せいふく -conquest, subjugation, overcoming
製法, せいほう -manufacturing method, recipe, formula
精密, せいみつ -precise, exact, detailed, minute, close
声明, せいめい -declaration, statement, proclamation
姓名, せいめい -full name
制約, せいやく -limitation, restriction, condition, constraints
生理, せいり -physiology, menses
勢力, せいりょく -influence, power, might, strength, potency, force, energy
整列, せいれつ -stand in a row, form a line
急かす, せかす -to hurry, to urge on
伜, せがれ -son, my son
責務, せきむ -duty, obligation
世辞, せじ -flattery, compliment
世帯, せたい -household
世代, せだい -generation, the world, the age
切開, せっかい -clearing (land), opening up, cutting through
接触, せっしょく -touch, contact
設置, せっち -establishment, institution
折衷, せっちゅう -compromise, cross, blending, eclecticism
設定, せってい -establishment, creation
説得, せっとく -persuasion
節, せつ -node, section, occasion, time
切実, せつじつ -compelling, serious, severe, acute, earnest, pressing, urgent
接続詞, せつぞくし -conjunction
切ない, せつない -painful, trying, oppressive, suffocating
設立, せつりつ -establishment, foundation, institution
攻め, せめ -attack, offence
世論, せろん -public opinion
仙, せん -hermit, wizard
前, せん -before
繊維, せんい -fibre, fiber, textile
選挙, せんきょ -election
宣教, せんきょう -religious mission
宣言, せんげん -declaration, proclamation, announcement
先行, せんこう -preceding, going first
選考, せんこう -selection, screening
戦災, せんさい -war damage
専修, せんしゅう -specialization
戦術, せんじゅつ -tactics
潜水, せんすい -diving
先先月, せんせんげつ -month before last
先先週, せんせんしゅう -week before last
先代, せんだい -family predecessor, previous age, previous generation
先だって, せんだって -recently, the other day
先着, せんちゃく -first arrival
先天的, せんてんてき -a priori, inborn, innate, inherent, congenital, hereditary
戦闘, せんとう -battle, fight, combat
潜入, せんにゅう -infiltration, sneaking in
船舶, せんぱく -ship
専用, せんよう -exclusive use, personal use
占領, せんりょう -occupation, capture, possession, have a room to oneself
戦力, せんりょく -war potential
税務署, ぜいむしょ -tax office
是正, ぜせい -correction, revision
絶版, ぜっぱん -out of print
絶望, ぜつぼう -despair, hopelessness
是非とも, ぜひとも -by all means (with sense of not taking no for an answer)
膳, ぜん -(small) table, tray, meal
禅, ぜん -Zen (Buddhism)
全快, ぜんかい -complete recovery of health
全盛, ぜんせい -height of prosperity
前提, ぜんてい -preamble, premise, reason, prerequisite
前途, ぜんと -future prospects, outlook, the journey ahead
全滅, ぜんめつ -annihilation
善良, ぜんりょう -goodness, excellence, virtue
前例, ぜんれい -precedent
僧, そう -monk, priest
沿う, そう -to run along, to follow
添う, そう -to accompany, to become married, to comply with
総, そう -whole, all, general, gross
相応, そうおう -suitability, fitness
総会, そうかい -general meeting
創刊, そうかん -launching (e.g. newspaper), first issue
送金, そうきん -remittance, sending money
走行, そうこう -running a wheeled vehicle (e.g. car), traveling
総合, そうごう -synthesis, coordination, putting together, integration, composite
捜査, そうさ -search (esp. in criminal investigations), investigation
捜索, そうさく -search (esp. for someone or something missing), investigation
然うして, そうして -and, like that
装飾, そうしょく -ornament
操縦, そうじゅう -management, handling, control, manipulation
創造, そうぞう -creation
壮大, そうだい -magnificent, grand, majestic, splendid
騒動, そうどう -strife, riot, rebellion
遭難, そうなん -disaster, shipwreck, accident
相場, そうば -market price, speculation, estimation
装備, そうび -equipment
創立, そうりつ -establishment, founding, organization
添える, そえる -to add to, to attach, to append, to accompany, to garnish, to imitate, to annex
即座に, そくざに -immediately, right away
促進, そくしん -promotion, acceleration, encouragement, facilitation, spurring on
即する, そくする -to conform to, to agree with, to be adapted to, to be based on
束縛, そくばく -restraint, shackles, restriction, confinement, binding
側面, そくめん -side, flank, sidelight, lateral
其処, そこ -that place, there
其処で, そこで -so (conj), accordingly, now, then, thereupon
損なう, そこなう -to harm, to hurt, to injure, to damage, to fail in doing
其処ら, そこら -everywhere, somewhere, approximately, that area, around there
素材, そざい -raw materials, subject matter
阻止, そし -obstruction, check, hindrance, prevention, interdiction
然して, そして -and
訴訟, そしょう -litigation, lawsuit
育ち, そだち -breeding, growth
措置, そち -measure, step
其方, そちら -over there, the other
素っ気ない, そっけない -cold, short, curt, blunt
率直, そっちょく -frankness, candour, openheartedness
外方, そっぽ -look (or turn) the other way
備え付ける, そなえつける -to provide, to furnish, to equip, to install
備わる, そなわる -to be furnished with, to be endowed with, to possess, to be among, to be one of, to be possessed of
園, その -garden, park, plantation
その上, そのうえ -in addition, furthermore
その内, そのうち -eventually, sooner or later, of the previously mentioned
その為, そのため -hence, for that reason
その外, そのほか -besides, in addition, the rest
其の儘, そのまま -without change, as it is (i.e. now)
聳える, そびえる -to rise, to tower, to soar
素朴, そぼく -simplicity, artlessness, naivete
染まる, そまる -to dye
背く, そむく -to run counter to, to go against, to disobey, to infringe
染める, そめる -to dye, to colour
逸らす, そらす -to turn away, to avert
反り, そり -warp, curvature, curve, arch
其れ, それ -it, that
其れから, それから -and then, after that
各々, それぞれ -each, every, either, respectively, severally
其れで, それで -and (conj), thereupon, because of that
其れでは, それでは -in that situation, well then ...
其れでも, それでも -but (still), and yet, nevertheless, even so, notwithstanding
其れ共, それとも -or, or else
其れに, それに -besides, moreover
其れ程, それほど -to that degree, extent
其れ故, それゆえ -therefore, for that reason, so
揃い, そろい -set, suit, uniform
徐々, そろそろ -gradually, steadily, quietly, slowly, soon
損失, そんしつ -loss
存続, そんぞく -duration, continuance
沿い, ぞい -along
像, ぞう -statue, image, figure, picture, portrait
増強, ぞうきょう -augment, reinforce, increase
蔵相, ぞうしょう -Minister of Finance
増進, ぞうしん -promoting, increase, advance
ぞんざい -rude, careless, slovenly
他意, たい -ill will, malice, another intention, secret purpose, ulterior motive, fickleness, double-mindedness
対応, たいおう -interaction, correspondence, coping with, dealing with
退化, たいか -degeneration, retrogression
体格, たいかく -physique, constitution
大概, たいがい -in general, mainly
退学, たいがく -dropping out of school
大金, たいきん -great cost
待遇, たいぐう -treatment, reception
対決, たいけつ -confrontation, showdown
体験, たいけん -personal experience
対抗, たいこう -opposition, antagonism
対して, たいして -for, in regard to, per
大衆, たいしゅう -general public
対処, たいしょ -deal with, cope
退職, たいしょく -retirement (from office)
退治, たいじ -extermination
態勢, たいせい -attitude, conditions, preparations
対談, たいだん -talk, dialogue, conversation
対等, たいとう -equivalent
滞納, たいのう -non-payment, default
対比, たいひ -contrast, comparison
大部, たいぶ -most (e.g. most part), greater, fairly, a good deal, much
対辺, たいへん -(geometrical) opposite side
待望, たいぼう -expectant waiting
怠慢, たいまん -negligence, procrastination, carelessness
対面, たいめん -interview, meeting
対立, たいりつ -confrontation, opposition, antagonism
体力, たいりょく -physical strength
対話, たいわ -interactive, interaction, conversation, dialogue
耐える, たえる -to bear, to endure
絶える, たえる -to die out, to peter out, to become extinct
堪える, たえる -to bear, to stand, to endure, to put up with, to support, to withstand, to resist, to brave, to be fit for, t
高, たか -quantity, amount, volume, number, amount of money
高まる, たかまる -to rise, to swell, to be promoted
焚火, たきび -(open) fire
沢山, たくさん -many, a lot, much
逞しい, たくましい -burly, strong, sturdy
巧み, たくみ -skill, cleverness
類, たぐい -a kind
丈, たけ -height, stature, length, measure, all (one has)
足し算, たしざん -addition
多数決, たすうけつ -majority rule
助け, たすけ -assistance
携わる, たずさわる -to participate, to take part
漂う, ただよう -to drift about, to float, to hang in air
館, たち -1. mansion, small castle
立方, たちかた -dancing (geisha)
忽ち, たちまち -at once, in a moment, suddenly, all at once
立ち寄る, たちよる -to stop by, to drop in for a short visit
達者, たっしゃ -skillful, in good health
達成, たっせい -achievement
たった -only, merely, but, no more than
尊い, たっとい -precious, valuable, priceless, noble, exalted, sacred
貴い, たっとい -precious, valuable, priceless, noble, exalted, sacred
尊ぶ, たっとぶ -to value, to prize, to esteem
絶つ, たつ -to sever, to cut off, to suppress, to abstain (from)
盾, たて -shield, buckler, escutcheon, pretext
建前, たてまえ -face, official stance, public position or attitude (as opposed to private thoughts)
奉る, たてまつる -to offer, to present, to revere, to do respectfully
例え, たとえ -example, even if, if, though, although
仮令, たとえ -example, even if, if, though, although
他動詞, たどうし -transitive verb (direct obj)
辿り着く, たどりつく -to grope along to, to struggle on to, to arrive somewhere after a struggle
辿る, たどる -to follow (road), to pursue (course), to follow up
掌, たなごころ -the palm
楽しむ, たのしむ -to enjoy oneself
頼み, たのみ -request, favor, reliance, dependence
煙草, たばこ -(pt:) (n) (uk) tobacco (pt: tabaco), cigarettes
度々, たびたび -often, repeatedly, frequently
他方, たほう -another side, different direction, (on) the other hand
多忙, たぼう -busy, pressure of work
給う, たまう -to receive, to grant
偶に, たまに -occasionally, once in a while
堪らない, たまらない -intolerable, unbearable, unendurable
溜まり, たまり -collected things, gathering place, arrears
賜る, たまわる -to grant, to bestow
例, ためし -instance, example, case, precedent, experience, custom, usage, parallel, illustration
躊躇う, ためらう -to hesitate
保つ, たもつ -to keep, to preserve, to hold, to retain, to maintain, to support, to sustain, to last, to endure, to keep we
容易い, たやすい -easy, simple, light
多様, たよう -diversity, variety
弛み, たるみ -slack, slackening, dullness, letdown
弛む, たるむ -to slacken, to loosen, to relax
誰, たれ -adjectival suffix for a person
垂れる, たれる -to hang, to droop, to drop, to lower, to pull down, to dangle, to sag, to drip, to ooze, to trickle, to leave
歎, たん -grief, sigh, lamentation
反, たん -roll of cloth (c. 10 yds.), .245 acres, 300 tsubo
単一, たんいつ -single, simple, sole, individual, unitory
短歌, たんか -tanka, 31-syllable Japanese poem
担架, たんか -stretcher, litter
短気, たんき -quick temper
探検, たんけん -exploration, expedition
短縮, たんしゅく -shortening, abbreviation, reduction
箪笥, たんす -chest of drawers
炭素, たんそ -carbon (C)
短大, たんだい -junior college
単調, たんちょう -monotony, monotone, dullness
単独, たんどく -sole, independence, single, solo (flight)
短波, たんぱ -short wave
蛋白質, たんぱくしつ -protein
第, だい -ordinal
第一, だいいち -first, foremost, # 1
大胆, だいたん -bold, daring, audacious
台無し, だいなし -mess, spoiled, (come to) nothing
大便, だいべん -feces, excrement, shit
代弁, だいべん -pay by proxy, act for another, speak for another
台本, だいほん -libretto, scenario
代用, だいよう -substitution
打開, だかい -break in the deadlock
妥協, だきょう -compromise, giving in
丈, だけ -only, just, as
妥結, だけつ -agreement
打撃, だげき -1. blow, shock, strike, damage, 2. batting (baseball)
駄作, ださく -poor work, rubbish
脱出, だっしゅつ -escape
脱する, だっする -to escape from, to get out
脱退, だったい -secession
だぶだぶ -loose, baggy
騙す, だます -to trick, to cheat, to deceive
だらけ -implying (negatively) that something is full of e.g. mistakes
怠い, だるい -sluggish, feel heavy, languid, dull
壇, だん -1. platform, podium, rostrum, 2. (arch) mandala
団結, だんけつ -unity, union, combination
断言, だんげん -declaration, affirmation
断然, だんぜん -firmly, absolutely, definitely
段々, だんだん -gradually, by degrees
旦那, だんな -master (of house), husband (informal)
断面, だんめん -cross section
弾力, だんりょく -elasticity, flexibility
治安, ちあん -public order
近付く, ちかづく -to approach, to get near, to get acquainted with, to get closer
違える, ちがえる -to change
契る, ちぎる -to pledge, to promise, to swear
畜産, ちくさん -animal husbandry
畜生, ちくしょう -beast, brute, damn
蓄積, ちくせき -accumulation, accumulate, store
知性, ちせい -intelligence
乳, ちち -milk, breast, loop
父母, ちちはは -father and mother, parents
縮まる, ちぢまる -to be shortened, to be contracted, to shrink
窒息, ちっそく -suffocation
些とも, ちっとも -not at all (neg. verb)
秩序, ちつじょ -order, regularity, system, method
知的, ちてき -intellectual
著, ちゃく -counter for suits of clothing, arriving at ..
着, ちゃく -counter for suits of clothing, arriving at ..
着手, ちゃくしゅ -embarkation, launch
着色, ちゃくしょく -colouring, coloring
着席, ちゃくせき -sit down, seat
着目, ちゃくもく -attention
着陸, ちゃくりく -landing, alighting, touch down
着工, ちゃっこう -start of (construction) work
茶の間, ちゃのま -living room (Japanese style)
茶の湯, ちゃのゆ -tea ceremony
ちやほや -pamper, make a fuss of, spoil
昼間, ちゅうかん -daytime, during the day
宙返り, ちゅうがえり -somersault, looping-the-loop
中継, ちゅうけい -relay, hook-up
忠告, ちゅうこく -advice, warning
中指, ちゅうし -middle finger
中傷, ちゅうしょう -slander, libel, defamation
忠実, ちゅうじつ -fidelity, faithfulness
中枢, ちゅうすう -centre, pivot, mainstay, nucleus, backbone, central figure, pillar, key man
抽選, ちゅうせん -lottery, raffle, drawing (of lots)
中断, ちゅうだん -interruption, suspension, break
中腹, ちゅうっぱら -irritated, offended
中毒, ちゅうどく -poisoning
仲人, ちゅうにん -go-between, matchmaker
昼飯, ちゅうはん -lunch, midday meal
中立, ちゅうりつ -neutrality
中和, ちゅうわ -neutralize, counteract
腸, ちょう -guts, bowels, intestines
蝶, ちょう -butterfly
超, ちょう -super-, ultra-, hyper-
庁, ちょう -government office
調印, ちょういん -signature, sign, sealing
聴覚, ちょうかく -the sense of hearing
長官, ちょうかん -chief, (government) secretary
聴講, ちょうこう -lecture attendance, auditing
徴収, ちょうしゅう -collection, levy
聴診器, ちょうしんき -stethoscope
挑戦, ちょうせん -challenge, defiance
長大, ちょうだい -very long, great length
調停, ちょうてい -arbitration, conciliation, mediation
恰度, ちょうど -just, right, exactly
長編, ちょうへん -long (e.g. novel film)
丁目, ちょうめ -district of a town, city block (of irregular size)
調理, ちょうり -cooking
調和, ちょうわ -harmony
ちょくちょく -often, frequently, now and then, occasionally
直面, ちょくめん -confrontation
著書, ちょしょ -literary work, book
貯蓄, ちょちく -savings
直感, ちょっかん -intuition
一寸, ちょっと -(ateji) (adv int) (uk) just a minute, a short time, a while, just a little, somewhat, easily, readily, rath
著名, ちょめい -well-known, noted, celebrated
ちらっと -at a glance, by accident
塵取り, ちりとり -dustpan
治療, ちりょう -medical treatment
賃金, ちんぎん -wages
沈殿, ちんでん -precipitation, settlement
沈没, ちんぼつ -sinking, foundering
沈黙, ちんもく -silence, reticence
陳列, ちんれつ -exhibition, display, show
追及, ついきゅう -gaining on, carrying out, solving (crime)
追跡, ついせき -pursuit
次いで, ついで -next, secondly, subsequently
追放, ついほう -exile, banishment
費やす, ついやす -to spend, to devote, to waste
墜落, ついらく -falling, crashing
通, つう -connoisseur, counter for letters
痛感, つうかん -feeling keenly, fully realizing
通常, つうじょう -common, general, usually
痛切, つうせつ -keen, acute
杖, つえ -cane
遣い, つかい -mission, simple task, doing
使い道, つかいみち -use
仕える, つかえる -to serve, to work for
司る, つかさどる -to rule, to govern, to administer
束の間, つかのま -moment, brief time, brief, transient
付き, つき -attached to, impression, sociality, appearance, furnished with, under, to
付き合う, つきあう -to associate with, to keep company with, to get on with
月並み, つきなみ -every month, common
尽きる, つきる -to be used up, to be run out, to be exhausted, to be consumed, to come to an end
継ぎ目, つぎめ -a joint, joining point
吐く, つく -1. to breathe, 2. to tell (lies), 3. to vomit, to disgorge
尽くす, つくす -to exhaust, to run out, to serve (a person), to befriend
作り, つくり -make-up, sliced raw fish
造り, つくり -make up, structure, physique
造る, つくる -to make, to create, to manufacture, to draw up, to write, to compose, to build, to coin, to cultivate, to org
繕う, つくろう -to mend, to repair, to fix, to patch up, to darn, to tidy up, to adjust, to trim
接ぐ, つぐ -to join, to piece together, to set (bones), to graft (trees)
継ぐ, つぐ -to succeed
付け加える, つけくわえる -to add one thing to another
告げる, つげる -to inform
辻褄, つじつま -coherence, consistency
途中, つちゅう -on the way, en route
突っ張る, つっぱる -to support, to become stiff, to become taut, to thrust (ones opponent), to stick to (ones opinion), to in
筒, つつ -pipe, tube
銃, つつ -gun
突く, つつく -1. to thrust, to strike, to attack, 2. to poke, to nudge, to pick at
慎む, つつしむ -to be careful, to be chaste or discreet, to abstain or refrain
伝言, つてごと -verbal message, rumor, word
勤まる, つとまる -to be fit for, to be equal to, to function properly
勤め先, つとめさき -place of work
努めて, つとめて -make an effort!, work hard!
津波, つなみ -tsunami, tidal wave
抓る, つねる -to pinch
募る, つのる -to invite, to solicit help participation etc
唾, つば -saliva, sputum
呟く, つぶやく -to mutter, to murmur
瞑る, つぶる -to close the eyes
壷, つぼ -tsubo jar, pot, vase
蕾, つぼみ -bud, flower bud
躓く, つまずく -to stumble, to trip
摘む, つまむ -to pinch, to hold, to pick up
詰らない, つまらない -insignificant, boring, trifling
詰まり, つまり -in short, in brief, in other words, that is to say, in the long run, after all, blockade, stuffing, ultimate
積もり, つもり -intention, plan
露, つゆ -dew
強まる, つよまる -to get strong, to gain strength
強める, つよめる -to strengthen, to emphasize
連なる, つらなる -to extend, to stretch out, to stand in a row
貫く, つらぬく -to go through
連ねる, つらねる -to link, to join, to put together
釣り, つり -fishing, angling
吊り革, つりかわ -strap
釣鐘, つりがね -hanging bell
吊るす, つるす -to hang
手当て, てあて -allowance, compensation, treatment, medical care
体, てい -appearance, air, condition, state, form
提供, ていきょう -offer, tender, program sponsoring, furnishing
定義, ていぎ -definition
提携, ていけい -cooperation, tie-up, joint business, link-up
体裁, ていさい -decency, style, form, appearance, show, get-up, format
梯子, ていし -ladder, stairs
定食, ていしょく -set meal, special (of the day)
提示, ていじ -presentation, exhibit, suggest, citation
訂正, ていせい -correction, revision
停滞, ていたい -stagnation, tie-up, congestion, retention, accumulation, falling into arrears
邸宅, ていたく -mansion, residence
定年, ていねん -retirement age
堤防, ていぼう -bank, weir
手遅れ, ておくれ -too late, belated treatment
手数, てかず -number of moves, trouble
手掛かり, てがかり -contact, trail, scent, on hand, hand hold, clue, key
手掛ける, てがける -to handle, to manage, to work with, to rear, to look after, to have experience with
手軽, てがる -easy, simple, informal, offhand, cheap
NAME?
適応, てきおう -adaptation, accommodation, conformity
適宜, てきぎ -suitability
適性, てきせい -aptitude
手際, てぎわ -performance, skill, tact
手順, てじゅん -process, procedure, protocol
手錠, てじょう -handcuffs, manacles
手近, てぢか -near, handy, familiar
てっきり -surely, certainly, beyond doubt
鉄鋼, てっこう -iron and steel
徹する, てっする -to sink in, to penetrate, to devote oneself, to believe in, to go through, to do intently and exclusively
鉄片, てっぺん -iron scraps
手配, てはい -arrangement, search (by police)
手筈, てはず -arrangement, plan, programme
手引き, てびき -guidance, guide, introduction
手本, てほん -model, pattern
手回し, てまわし -preparations, arrangements
手元, てもと -on hand, at hand, at home
照り返す, てりかえす -to reflect, to throw back light
手分け, てわけ -division of labour
店, てん -store, shop, establishment
点火, てんか -ignition, lighting, set fire to
転回, てんかい -revolution, rotation
転換, てんかん -convert, divert
転居, てんきょ -moving, changing residence
転勤, てんきん -transfer, transmission
点検, てんけん -inspection, examination, checking
転校, てんこう -change schools
天国, てんごく -paradise, heaven, Kingdom of Heaven
天才, てんさい -genius, prodigy, natural gift
天災, てんさい -natural calamity, disaster
展示, てんじ -exhibition, display
天井, てんじょう -ceiling, ceiling price
転じる, てんじる -to turn, to shift, to alter, to distract
点線, てんせん -dotted line, perforated line
天体, てんたい -heavenly body
転転, てんてん -rolling about, moving from place to place, being passed around repeatedly
てんで -(not) at all, altogether, entirely
転任, てんにん -change of post
展望, てんぼう -view, outlook, prospect
転落, てんらく -fall, degradation, slump
出合う, であう -to meet by chance, to come across, to happen to encounter, to hold a rendezvous, to have a date
出入り口, でいりぐち -exit and entrance
でかい -huge
出来物, できもの -able man, tumour, growth, boil, ulcer, abcess, rash, pimple
出切る, できる -to be out of, to have no more at hand
出くわす, でくわす -to happen to meet, to come across
出鱈目, でたらめ -irresponsible utterance, nonsense, nonsensical, random, haphazard, unsystematic
出直し, でなおし -adjustment, touch up
田園, でんえん -country, rural districts
電源, でんげん -source of electricity, power (button on TV etc.)
伝説, でんせつ -tradition, legend, folklore
電線, でんせん -electric line
伝達, でんたつ -transmission (e.g. news), communication, delivery
伝来, でんらい -ancestral, hereditary, imported, transmitted, handed down
と -1. if (conjunction), 2. promoted pawn (shogi) (abbr)
問い合わせる, といあわせる -to enquire, to seek information
問屋, といや -wholesale store
問う, とう -to ask, to question, to charge (i.e. with a crime), to accuse, without regard to (neg)
棟, とう -place, section, building
等, とう -et cetera, etc., and the like
陶器, とうき -pottery, ceramics
等級, とうきゅう -grade, class
討議, とうぎ -debate, discussion
登校, とうこう -attendance (at school)
統合, とうごう -integration, unification, synthesis
倒産, とうさん -(corporate) bankruptcy, insolvency
投資, とうし -investment
統治, とうじ -rule, reign, government, governing
統制, とうせい -regulation, control
当選, とうせん -being elected, winning the prize
逃走, とうそう -flight, desertion, escape
統率, とうそつ -command, lead, generalship, leadership
到達, とうたつ -reaching, attaining, arrival
到底, とうてい -(cannot) possibly
丁々, とうとう -clashing of swords, felling of trees, ringing of an ax
投入, とうにゅう -throw, investment, making (an electrical circuit)
当人, とうにん -the one concerned, the said person
逃亡, とうぼう -escape
冬眠, とうみん -hibernation, winter sleep
登録, とうろく -registration, register, entry, record
討論, とうろん -debate, discussion
遠ざかる, とおざかる -to go far off
遠回り, とおまわり -detour, roundabout way
通りかかる, とおりかかる -to happen to pass by
兎角, とかく -anyhow, anyway, somehow or other, generally speaking, in any case, this and that, many, be apt to
咎める, とがめる -to blame, to find fault, to take someone to task, to aggravate (an injury)
時折, ときおり -sometimes
跡切れる, とぎれる -to pause, to be interrupted
説く, とく -to explain, to advocate, to preach, to persuade
特技, とくぎ -special skill
特産, とくさん -specialty, special product
特集, とくしゅう -feature (e.g. newspaper), special edition, report
得点, とくてん -score, points made, marks obtained, runs
特派, とくは -send specially, special envoy
特有, とくゆう -characteristic (of), peculiar (to)
研ぐ, とぐ -to sharpen, to grind, to scour, to hone, to polish, to wash (rice)
刺, とげ -thorn, splinter, spine, biting words
遂げる, とげる -to accomplish, to achieve, to carry out
床, とこ -bed, sickbed, alcove, padding
所が, ところが -however, while, even if
所で, ところで -by the way, even if, no matter what
年頃, としごろ -age, marriageable age, age of puberty, adolescence, for some years
年寄り, としより -old people, the aged
戸締り, とじまり -closing up, fastening the doors
途上, とじょう -en route, half way
綴じる, とじる -to bind, to file
途絶える, とだえる -to stop, to cease, to come to an end
特許, とっきょ -special permission, patent
疾っくに, とっくに -long ago, already, a long time ago
特権, とっけん -privilege, special right
咄嗟, とっさ -moment, instant
取っ手, とって -handle, grip, knob
突破, とっぱ -breaking through, breakthrough, penetration
突如, とつじょ -suddenly, all of a sudden
迚も, とても -very, awfully, exceedingly
整える, ととのえる -to put in order, to get ready, to arrange, to adjust
届け, とどけ -report, notification, registration
滞る, とどこおる -to stagnate, to be delayed
止まる, とどまる -to be limited to
留める, とどめる -to stop, to cease, to put an end to
止める, とどめる -to stop, to cease, to put an end to
唱える, となえる -to recite, to chant, to call upon
兎に角, とにかく -anyhow, at any rate, anyway, somehow or other, generally speaking, in any case
殿様, とのさま -feudal lord
幕, とばり -curtain, bunting, act (in play)
帳, とばり -curtain
扉, とびら -door, opening
徒歩, とほ -walking, going on foot
乏しい, とぼしい -meagre, scarce, limited, destitute, hard up, scanty, poor
富, とみ -wealth, fortune
富む, とむ -to be rich, to become rich
兎も角, ともかく -anyhow, anyway, somehow or other, generally speaking, in any case
共稼ぎ, ともかせぎ -working together, (husband and wife) earning a living together
灯, ともしび -light
伴う, ともなう -to accompany, to bring with, to be accompanied by, to be involved in
共働き, ともばたらき -dual income
捕らえる, とらえる -to seize, to grasp, to capture, to arrest
取りあえず, とりあえず -at once, first of all, for the time being
取り扱い, とりあつかい -treatment, service, handling, management
取り扱う, とりあつかう -to treat, to handle, to deal in
鳥居, とりい -torii (Shinto shrine archway)
取り替え, とりかえ -swap, exchange
取り組む, とりくむ -to tackle, to wrestle with, to engage in a bout, to come to grips with
取り締まり, とりしまり -control, management, supervision
取り締まる, とりしまる -to manage, to control, to supervise
取り調べる, とりしらべる -to investigate, to examine
取り立てる, とりたてる -to collect, to extort, to appoint, to promote
取り次ぐ, とりつぐ -to act as an agent for, to announce (someone), to convey (a message)
取り除く, とりのぞく -to remove, to take away, to set apart
取り引き, とりひき -transactions, dealings, business
取り巻く, とりまく -to surround, to circle, to enclose
取り混ぜる, とりまぜる -to mix, to put together
取り戻す, とりもどす -to take back, to regain
取り寄せる, とりよせる -to order, to send away for
取り分, とりわけ -especially, above all
副, とりわけ -especially, above all
蕩ける, とろける -to be enchanted with
とんだ -terrible, awful, serious, preposterous, absolutely not
胴, どう -trunk, body, frame
働, どう -work, labor
同, どう -the same, the said, ibid.
同意, どうい -agreement, consent, same meaning, same opinion, approval
動員, どういん -mobilization
同感, どうかん -agreement, same opinion, same feeling, sympathy, concurrence
動機, どうき -motive, incentive
同級, どうきゅう -the same grade, same class
同居, どうきょ -living together
動向, どうこう -trend, tendency, movement, attitude
同士, どうし -fellow, companion, comrade
同志, どうし -same mind, comrade, kindred soul
如何して, どうして -why?, for what reason, how, in what way, for what purpose, what for
如何しても, どうしても -by all means, at any cost, no matter what, after all, in the long run, cravingly, at any rate, surely
同情, どうじょう -sympathy, compassion, sympathize, pity, feel for
道場, どうじょう -dojo, hall used for martial arts training, mandala
何卒, どうぞ -please, kindly, by all means
どうぞ宜しく, どうぞよろしく -pleased to meet you
同調, どうちょう -sympathy, agree with, alignment, tuning
動的, どうてき -dynamic, kinetic
同等, どうとう -equality, equal, same rights, same rank
堂々, どうどう -magnificent, grand, impressive
どうにか -in some way or other, one way or another
導入, どうにゅう -introduction, bringing in, leading in
同封, どうふう -enclosure (e.g. in a letter)
同盟, どうめい -alliance, union, league
どうやら -it seems like, somehow or other
動揺, どうよう -disturbance, unrest, shaking, trembling, pitching, rolling, oscillation, agitation, excitement, commotion
動力, どうりょく -power, motive power, dynamic force
独裁, どくさい -dictatorship, despotism
読者, どくしゃ -reader
独自, どくじ -original, peculiar, characteristic
独占, どくせん -monopoly
独創, どくそう -originality
何処, どこ -where, what place
何処か, どこか -somewhere, anywhere, in some respects
土産, どさん -product of the land
土台, どだい -foundation, base, basis
何方, どちら -which, who
土手, どて -embankment, bank
何方, どなた -who?
怒鳴る, どなる -to shout, to yell
何の, どの -which, what
土俵, どひょう -arena
土木, どぼく -public works
何れ, どれ -well, now, let me see, which (of three or more)
何々, どれどれ -which (emphatic)
度忘れ, どわすれ -lapse of memory, forget for a moment
鈍感, どんかん -thickheadedness, stolidity
内閣, ないかく -cabinet, (government) ministry
乃至, ないし -from...to, between...and, or
内臓, ないぞう -internal organs, intestines, viscera
内部, ないぶ -interior, inside, internal
内乱, ないらん -civil war, insurrection, rebellion, domestic conflict
内陸, ないりく -inland
苗, なえ -rice seedling
尚, なお -furthermore, still, yet, more, still more, greater, further, less
尚更, なおさら -all the more, still less
中程, なかほど -middle, midway
流し, ながし -sink
長々, ながなが -long, drawn-out, very long
殴る, なぐる -to strike, to hit
嘆く, なげく -to sigh, to lament, to grieve
投げ出す, なげだす -to throw down, to abandon, to sacrifice, to throw out
和やか, なごやか -mild, calm, gentle, quiet, harmonious
名残, なごり -remains, traces, memory
情け, なさけ -sympathy, compassion
情け深い, なさけぶかい -tender-hearted, compassionate
為さる, なさる -to do
詰る, なじる -to rebuke, to scold, to tell off
何故, なぜ -why, how
何故なら, なぜなら -because
名高い, なだかい -famous, celebrated, well-known
雪崩, なだれ -avalanche
懐く, なつく -to become emotionally attached
名付ける, なづける -to name (someone)
何気ない, なにげない -casual, unconcerned
何しろ, なにしろ -at any rate, anyhow, anyway, in any case
何卒, なにとぞ -please
何も, なにも -nothing
何より, なにより -most, best
七日, なぬか -seven days, the seventh day (of the month)
名札, なふだ -name plate, name tag
生臭い, なまぐさい -smelling of fish or blood, fish or meat
生温い, なまぬるい -lukewarm, halfhearted
生身, なまみ -living flesh, flesh and blood, the quick
鉛, なまり -lead (the metal)
鈍る, なまる -to become less capable, to grow dull, to become blunt, to weaken
並み, なみ -average, medium, common, ordinary
滑らか, なめらか -smoothness, glassiness
嘗める, なめる -to lick, to taste, to experience, to make fun of, to make light of, to put down, to treat with contempt
悩ましい, なやましい -seductive, melancholy, languid
悩ます, なやます -to afflict, to torment, to harass, to molest
悩み, なやみ -trouble(s), worry, distress, anguish, agony, problem
平均, ならし -equilibrium, balance, average, mean
慣らす, ならす -to accustom
馴らす, ならす -to domesticate, to tame
並びに, ならびに -and
成り立つ, なりたつ -to conclude, to consist of, to be practical (logical feasible viable), to hold true
成る丈, なるたけ -as much as possible, if possible
成るべく, なるべく -as much as possible
慣れ, なれ -practice, experience
馴れ馴れしい, なれなれしい -over-familiar
難, なん -difficulty, hardships, defect
南, なん -south
なんか -things like ..., or something like that .. (often derogatory)
何だか, なんだか -a little, somewhat, somehow
なんだかんだ -something or other
何て, なんて -how...!, what...!
何と, なんと -what, how, whatever
何となく, なんとなく -somehow or other, for some reason or another
何とも, なんとも -nothing (with neg. verb), quite, not a bit
何なり, なんなり -any, anything, whatever
荷, に -load, baggage, cargo
似通う, にかよう -to resemble closely
面皰, にきび -pimple, acne
賑わう, にぎわう -to prosper, to flourish, to do thriving business, to be crowded with people
悪い, にくい -hateful, abominable, poor-looking
憎しみ, にくしみ -hatred
肉親, にくしん -blood relationship, blood relative
肉体, にくたい -the body, the flesh
逃げ出す, にげだす -to run away, to escape from
西日, にしび -westering sun
滲む, にじむ -to run, to blur, to spread, to blot, to ooze
日夜, にちや -day and night, always
日当, にっとう -daily allowance
荷造り, にづくり -packing, baling, crating
担う, になう -to carry on shoulder, to bear (burden), to shoulder (gun)
二人, ににん -two persons, two people, pair, couple
にも拘らず, にもかかわらず -in spite of, nevertheless
入手, にゅうしゅ -obtaining, coming to hand
入賞, にゅうしょう -winning a prize or place (in a contest)
入浴, にゅうよく -bathe, bathing
尿, にょう -urine
俄か, にわか -sudden, abrupt, unexpected, improvised, offhand
認識, にんしき -recognition, cognizance
妊娠, にんしん -conception, pregnancy
人情, にんじょう -humanity, empathy, kindness, sympathy, human nature, common sense, customs and manners
任務, にんむ -duty, function, office, mission, task
任命, にんめい -appointment, nomination, ordination, commission, designation
抜かす, ぬかす -to omit, to leave out
抜け出す, ぬけだす -to slip out, to sneak away, to excel
盗み, ぬすみ -stealing
沼, ぬま -swamp, bog, pond, lake
音, ね -sound, note
値打ち, ねうち -value, worth, price, dignity
寝かせる, ねかせる -to put to bed, to lay down, to ferment
捻子, ねじ -screw, helix, spiral
ねじ回し, ねじまわし -screwdriver
捻じれる, ねじれる -to twist, to wrench, to screw
鼠, ねず -1. mouse, rat, 2. dark gray, slate color
妬む, ねたむ -to be jealous, to be envious
強請る, ねだる -to tease, to coax, to solicit, to demand
熱湯, ねっとう -boiling water
熱意, ねつい -zeal, enthusiasm
熱量, ねつりょう -temperature
粘り, ねばり -stickyness, viscosity
粘る, ねばる -to be sticky, to be adhesive, to persevere, to persist, to stick to
値引き, ねびき -price reduction, discount
根回し, ねまわし -making necessary arrangements
眠たい, ねむたい -sleepy
練る, ねる -to knead, to work over, to polish up
念, ねん -sense, idea, thought, feeling, desire, concern, attention, care
年鑑, ねんかん -yearbook
年号, ねんごう -name of an era, year number
燃焼, ねんしょう -burning, combustion
年生, ねんせい -pupil in .... year, student in .... year
年長, ねんちょう -seniority
燃料, ねんりょう -fuel
年輪, ねんりん -annual tree ring
脳, のう -brain, memory
農耕, のうこう -farming, agriculture
農場, のうじょう -farm (agriculture)
農地, のうち -agricultural land
納入, のうにゅう -payment, supply
逃す, のがす -to let loose, to set free, to let escape
逃れる, のがれる -to escape
軒並み, のきなみ -row of houses
鋸, のこぎり -saw
望ましい, のぞましい -desirable, hoped for
臨む, のぞむ -to look out on, to face, to deal with, to attend (function)
乗っ取る, のっとる -to capture, to occupy, to usurp
長閑, のどか -tranquil, calm, quiet
罵る, ののしる -to speak ill of, to abuse
延べ, のべ -futures, credit (buying), stretching, total
飲み込む, のみこむ -to gulp down, to swallow deeply, to understand, to take in, to catch on to, to learn, to digest
乗り換え, のりかえ -transfer (trains buses etc.)
乗り込む, のりこむ -to board, to embark on, to get into (a car), to ship (passengers), to man (a ship), to help (someone) int
刃, は -edge (of a sword)
派, は -clique, faction, school
把握, はあく -grasp, catch, understanding
肺, はい -lung
廃棄, はいき -annullment, disposal, abandon, scrap, discarding, repeal
配給, はいきゅう -distribution (eg. films rice)
配偶者, はいぐうしゃ -spouse, wife, husband
拝啓, はいけい -Dear (so and so)
背景, はいけい -background, scenery, setting, circumstance
背後, はいご -back, rear
灰皿, はいさら -ashtray
廃止, はいし -abolition, repeal
拝借, はいしゃく -borrowing
排除, はいじょ -exclusion, removal, rejection
排水, はいすい -drainage
敗戦, はいせん -defeat, losing a war
配置, はいち -arrangement (of resources), disposition
配布, はいふ -distribution
配分, はいぶん -distribution, allotment
配慮, はいりょ -consideration, concern, forethought
配列, はいれつ -arrangement, array (programming)
映える, はえる -to shine, to look attractive, to look pretty
破壊, はかい -destruction
墓地, はかち -cemetery, graveyard
捗る, はかどる -to make progress, to move right ahead (with the work), to advance
果ない, はかない -fleeting, transient, short-lived, momentary, vain, fickle, miserable, empty, ephemeral
諮る, はかる -to consult with, to confer
図る, はかる -to plot, to attempt, to plan, to take in, to deceive, to devise, to design, to refer A to B
剥がす, はがす -to tear off, to peel off, to rip off, to strip off, to skin, to flay, to disrobe, to deprive of, to detach, t
破棄, はき -revocation, annulment, breaking (e.g. treaty)
泊, はく -counter for nights of a stay
迫害, はくがい -persecution
薄弱, はくじゃく -feebleness, weakness, weak
白状, はくじょう -confession
剥ぐ, はぐ -to tear off, to peel off, to rip off, to strip off, to skin, to flay, to disrobe, to deprive of
派遣, はけん -dispatch, send
励ます, はげます -to encourage, to cheer, to raise (the voice)
励む, はげむ -to be zealous, to brace oneself, to endeavour, to strive, to make an effort
剥げる, はげる -to come off, to be worn off, to fade, to discolor
鋏, はさみ -scissors
柱, はしら -pillar, post
橋渡し, はしわたし -bridge building, mediation
恥, はじ -shame, embarrassment
弾く, はじく -to flip, to snap
始め, はじめ -beginning, start, origin
始めまして, はじめまして -How do you do?, I am glad to meet you
恥じらう, はじらう -to feel shy, to be bashful, to blush
恥じる, はじる -to feel ashamed
蓮, はす -lotus
筈, はず -it should be so
弾む, はずむ -to spring, to bound, to bounce, to be stimulated, to be encouraged, to get lively, to treat oneself to, to
破損, はそん -damage
機, はた -loom
果たして, はたして -as was expected, really
果たす, はたす -to accomplish, to fulfill, to carry out, to achieve
裸足, はだし -barefoot
蜂蜜, はちみつ -honey
発掘, はっくつ -excavation, exhumation
発生, はっせい -outbreak, spring forth, occurrence, incidence, origin
発足, はっそく -starting, inauguration
初, はつ -first, new
発, はつ -departure, beginning, counter for gunshots
発育, はついく -(physical) growth, development
発芽, はつが -burgeoning
発言, はつげん -utterance, speech, proposal
発病, はつびょう -attack (disease)
初耳, はつみみ -something heard for the first time
果て, はて -the end, the extremity, the limit(s), the result
果てる, はてる -to end, to be finished, to be exhausted, to die, to perish
話し合い, はなしあい -discussion, conference
甚だ, はなはだ -very, greatly, exceedingly
華々しい, はなばなしい -brilliant, magnificent, spectacular
花びら, はなびら -(flower) petal
華やか, はなやか -gay, showy, brilliant, gorgeous, florid
阻む, はばむ -to keep someone from doing, to stop, to prevent, to check, to hinder, to obstruct, to oppose, to thwart
浜, はま -beach, seashore
浜辺, はまべ -beach, foreshore
填まる, はまる -to get into, to go into, to fit, to be fit for, to suit, to fall into, to plunge into, to be deceived, to be
歯磨, はみがき -dentifrice, toothpaste
填める, はめる -to get in, to insert, to put on, to make love
生やす, はやす -to grow, to cultivate, to wear beard
早める, はやめる -to hasten, to quicken, to expedite, to precipitate, to accelerate
流行, はやり -fashionable, fad, in vogue, prevailing
腹立ち, はらだち -anger
原っぱ, はらっぱ -open field, empty lot, plain
張り紙, はりがみ -paper patch, paper backing, poster
遥か, はるか -far, far-away, distant, remote, far off
破裂, はれつ -explosion, rupture, break off
腫れる, はれる -to swell (from inflammation), to become swollen
班, はん -group, party, section (mil)
判, はん -seal, stamp, monogram signature, judgment
版, はん -edition
繁栄, はんえい -prospering, prosperity, thriving, flourishing
反感, はんかん -antipathy, revolt, animosity
版画, はんが -art print
反響, はんきょう -echo, reverberation, repercussion, reaction, influence
判決, はんけつ -judicial decision, judgement, sentence, decree
反撃, はんげき -counterattack, counteroffensive, counterblow
反射, はんしゃ -reflection, reverberation
繁殖, はんしょく -breed, multiply, increase, propagation
繁盛, はんじょう -prosperity, flourishing, thriving
反する, はんする -to be inconsistent with, to oppose, to contradict, to transgress, to rebel
判定, はんてい -judgement, decision, award, verdict
反応, はんのう -reaction, response
半端, はんぱ -remnant, fragment, incomplete set, fraction, odd sum, incompleteness
反発, はんぱつ -repelling, rebound, recover, oppose
反乱, はんらん -insurrection, mutiny, rebellion, revolt, uprising
氾濫, はんらん -overflowing, flood
黴菌, ばいきん -bacteria, germ(s)
賠償, ばいしょう -reparations, indemnity, compensation
倍率, ばいりつ -diameter, magnification
馬鹿馬鹿しい, ばかばかしい -stupid
馬鹿らしい, ばからしい -absurd
漠然, ばくぜん -obscure, vague, equivocal
爆弾, ばくだん -bomb
爆破, ばくは -blast, explosion, blow up
暴露, ばくろ -disclosure, exposure, revelation
化ける, ばける -to appear in disguise, to take the form of, to change for the worse
罰, ばち -(divine) punishment, curse, retribution
伐, ばつ -strike, attack, punish
ばてる -to be exhausted, to be worn out
発条, ばね -spring (e.g. coil leaf)
散蒔く, ばらまく -to disseminate, to scatter, to give money freely
判, ばん -size (of paper or books)
万, ばん -many, all
万人, ばんじん -all people, everybody, 10000 people
万能, ばんのう -all-purpose, almighty, omnipotent
番目, ばんめ -cardinal number suffix
非, ひ -faulty-, non-
費, ひ -cost, expense
延いては, ひいては -not only...but also, in addition to, consequently
控室, ひかえしつ -waiting room
控える, ひかえる -to draw in, to hold back, to make notes, to be temperate in
悲観, ひかん -pessimism, disappointment
匹, ひき -head, small animal counter, roll of cloth
引き上げる, ひきあげる -to withdraw, to leave, to pull out, to retire
率いる, ひきいる -to lead, to spearhead (a group), to command (troops)
引き受ける, ひきうける -to undertake, to take up, to take over, to be responsible for, to guarantee, to contract (disease)
引き起こす, ひきおこす -to cause
引き下げる, ひきさげる -to pull down, to lower, to reduce, to withdraw
引きずる, ひきずる -to seduce, to drag along, to pull, to prolong, to support
引き取る, ひきとる -to take charge of, to take over, to retire to a private place
引き分け, ひきわけ -a draw (in competition), tie game
否決, ひけつ -rejection, negation, voting down
非行, ひこう -delinquency, misconduct
日頃, ひごろ -normally, habitually
久しい, ひさしい -long, long-continued, old (story)
久し振り, ひさしぶり -after a long time
悲惨, ひさん -misery
秘書, ひしょ -(private) secretary
比重, ひじゅう -specific gravity
密か, ひそか -secret, private, surreptitious
浸す, ひたす -to soak, to dip, to drench
一向, ひたすら -earnestly
左利き, ひだりきき -left-handedness, sake drinker, left-hander
引っ掻く, ひっかく -to scratch
引っ掛ける, ひっかける -1. to hang (something) on (something), to throw on (clothes), 2. to hook, to catch, to trap, to ensnar
必修, ひっしゅう -required (subject)
匹敵, ひってき -comparing with, match, rival, equal
未, ひつじ -eighth sign of Chinese zodiac (The Ram 1pm-3pm south-southwest June)
必然, ひつぜん -inevitable, necessary
一息, ひといき -puffy, a breath, a pause, an effort
単, ひとえ -one layer, single
人柄, ひとがら -personality, character, personal appearance, gentility
一頃, ひところ -once, some time ago
人質, ひとじち -hostage, prisoner
一筋, ひとすき -a line, earnestly, blindly, straightforwardly
一まず, ひとまず -for the present, once, in outline
一人でに, ひとりでに -by itself, automatically, naturally
酷い, ひどい -cruel, awful, severe, very bad, serious, terrible, heavy, violent
日取り, ひどり -fixed date, appointed day
雛, ひな -young bird, chick, doll
日向, ひなた -sunny place, in the sun
非難, ひなん -blame, attack, criticism
避難, ひなん -taking refuge, finding shelter
日の丸, ひのまる -the Japanese flag
火花, ひばな -spark
日々, ひび -every day, daily, day after day
悲鳴, ひめい -shriek, scream
百科事典, ひゃっかじてん -encyclopedia
百科辞典, ひゃっかじてん -encyclopedia
冷やかす, ひやかす -to banter, to make fun of, to jeer at, to cool, to refrigerate
日焼け, ひやけ -sunburn
票, ひょう -label, ballot, ticket, sign
標語, ひょうご -motto, slogan, catchword
ひょっと -possibly, accidentally
平たい, ひらたい -flat, even, level, simple, plain
比率, ひりつ -ratio, proportion, percentage
肥料, ひりょう -manure, fertilizer
比例, ひれい -proportion
疲労, ひろう -fatigue, weariness
広まる, ひろまる -to spread, to be propagated
貧困, ひんこん -poverty, lack
品質, ひんしつ -quality
品種, ひんしゅ -brand, kind, description
貧弱, ひんじゃく -poor, meagre, insubstantial
頻繁, ひんぱん -frequency
美, び -beauty
微笑, びしょう -smile
美術, びじゅつ -art, fine arts
吃驚, びっくり -be surprised, be amazed, be frightened, astonishment
びっしょり -wet through, drenched
描写, びょうしゃ -depiction, description, portrayal
びり -last on the list, at the bottom
微量, びりょう -minuscule amount, extremely small quantity
敏感, びんかん -sensibility, susceptibility, sensitive (to), well attuned to
貧乏, びんぼう -poverty, destitute, poor
歩, ふ -pawn (in chess or shogi)
不意, ふい -sudden, abrupt, unexpected, unforeseen
封, ふう -seal
封鎖, ふうさ -blockade, freezing (funds)
風習, ふうしゅう -custom
風俗, ふうぞく -1. manners, customs, 2. sex service, sex industry
風土, ふうど -natural features, topography, climate, spiritual features
不可欠, ふかけつ -indispensable, essential
深める, ふかめる -to deepen, to heighten, to intensify
不吉, ふきつ -ominous, sinister, bad luck, ill omen, inauspiciousness
不況, ふきょう -recession, depression, slump
布巾, ふきん -tea-towel, dish cloth
福, ふく -good fortune
復旧, ふくきゅう -restoration, restitution, rehabilitation
複合, ふくごう -composite, complex
福祉, ふくし -welfare, well-being
覆面, ふくめん -mask, veil, disguise
膨れる, ふくれる -to get cross, to get sulky, to swell (out), to expand, to be inflated, to distend, to bulge
不景気, ふけいき -business recession, hard times, depression, gloom, sullenness, cheerlessness
老ける, ふける -to age
布告, ふこく -edict, ordinance, proclamation
富豪, ふごう -wealthy person, millionaire
負債, ふさい -debt, liabilities
相応しい, ふさわしい -appropriate
不在, ふざい -absence
不山戯る, ふざける -to romp, to gambol, to frolic, to joke, to make fun of, to flirt
負傷, ふしょう -injury, wound
不審, ふしん -incomplete understanding, doubt, question, distrust, suspicion, strangeness, infidelity
不振, ふしん -dullness, depression, slump, stagnation
不順, ふじゅん -irregularity, unseasonableness
付属, ふぞく -attached, belonging, affiliated, annexed, associated, subordinate, incidental, dependent, auxiliary
負担, ふたん -burden, charge, responsibility
不調, ふちょう -bad condition, not to work out (ie a deal), disagreement, break-off, disorder, slump, out of form
復活, ふっかつ -revival (e.g. musical), restoration
復興, ふっこう -revival, renaissance, reconstruction
沸騰, ふっとう -boiling, seething
仏, ふつ -French
不図, ふと -suddenly, casually, accidentally, incidentally, unexpectedly, unintentionally
不当, ふとう -injustice, impropriety, unreasonableness, undeservedness, unfair, invalid
不動産, ふどうさん -real estate
赴任, ふにん -(proceeding to) new appointment
腐敗, ふはい -decay, depravity
不評, ふひょう -bad reputation, disgrace, unpopularity
不便, ふびん -pity, compassion
不服, ふふく -dissatisfaction, discontent, disapproval, objection, complaint, protest, disagreement
普遍, ふへん -universality, ubiquity, omnipresence
踏まえる, ふまえる -to be based on, to have origin in
文, ふみ -letter, writings
不明, ふめい -unknown, obscure, indistinct, uncertain, ambiguous, ignorant, lack of wisdom, anonymous, unidentified
扶養, ふよう -support, maintenance
振り, ふり -pretence, show, appearance
振り出し, ふりだし -outset, starting point, drawing or issuing (draft)
不良, ふりょう -badness, delinquent, inferiority, failure
浮力, ふりょく -buoyancy, floating power
震わせる, ふるわせる -to be shaking, to be trembling
付録, ふろく -appendix, supplement
分, ふん -minute
憤慨, ふんがい -indignation, resentment
紛失, ふんしつ -losing something
噴出, ふんしゅつ -spewing, gushing, spouting, eruption, effusion
紛争, ふんそう -dispute, trouble, strife
ふんだん -plentiful, abundant, lavish
奮闘, ふんとう -hard struggle, strenuous effort
粉末, ふんまつ -fine powder
部, ぶ -department, part, category, counter for copies of a newspaper or magazine
部下, ぶか -subordinate person
ぶかぶか -too big, baggy
侮辱, ぶじょく -insult, contempt, slight
武装, ぶそう -arms, armament, armed
斑, ぶち -spots, speckles, mottles
物資, ぶっし -goods, materials
物体, ぶったい -body, object
物議, ぶつぎ -public discussion (criticism)
打付ける, ぶつける -to knock, to run into, to nail on, to strike hard, to hit and attack
仏像, ぶつぞう -Buddhist image (statue)
無難, ぶなん -safety, security
部門, ぶもん -class, group, category, department, field, branch
ぶら下げる, ぶらさげる -to hang, to suspend, to dangle, to swing
ぶらぶら -dangle heavily, swing, sway to and fro, aimlessly, idly, lazily, loiter, loaf, be idle, stroll idly
武力, ぶりょく -armed might, military power, the sword, force
無礼, ぶれい -impolite, rude
文化財, ぶんかざい -cultural assets, cultural property
分業, ぶんぎょう -division of labor, specialization, assembly-line production
文語, ぶんご -written language, literary language
分散, ぶんさん -dispersion, decentralization, variance (statistics)
分子, ぶんし -numerator, molecule
文書, ぶんしょ -document, writing, letter, note, records, archives
分担, ぶんたん -apportionment, sharing
分配, ぶんぱい -division, sharing
分母, ぶんぼ -denominator
分離, ぶんり -separation, detachment, segregation, isolation
分裂, ぶんれつ -split, division, break up
兵器, へいき -arms, weapons, ordinance
閉口, へいこう -shut mouth
平行, へいこう -(going) side by side, concurrent, abreast, at the same time, occurring together, parallel, parallelism
閉鎖, へいさ -closing, closure, shutdown, lockout, unsociable
兵士, へいし -soldier
平常, へいじょう -normal, usual
平方, へいほう -square (e.g. metre), square
並列, へいれつ -arrangement, parallel, abreast
辟易, へきえき -wince, shrink back, succumbing to, being frightened, disconcerted
臍, へそ -navel, belly-button
隔たる, へだたる -to be distant
謙る, へりくだる -to deprecate oneself and praise the listener
経る, へる -to pass, to elapse, to experience
編, へん -compilation, editing, completed poem, book, part of book
偏, へん -side, left radical of a character, inclining, inclining toward, biased
変革, へんかく -change, reform, revolution, upheaval, (the) Reformation
返還, へんかん -return, restoration
偏見, へんけん -prejudice, narrow view
返済, へんさい -repayment
変遷, へんせん -change, transition, vicissitudes
返答, へんとう -reply
変動, へんどう -change, fluctuation
弁解, べんかい -explanation, justification, defence, excuse
便宜, べんぎ -convenience, accommodation, advantage, expedience
弁護, べんご -defense, pleading, advocacy
弁償, べんしょう -next word, compensation, reparation, indemnity, reimbursement
弁論, べんろん -discussion, debate, argument
ぺこぺこ -fawn, be very hungry
穂, ほ -ear (of plant), head (of plant)
保育, ほいく -nursing, nurturing, rearing, lactation, suckling
倣, ほう -imitate, follow, emulate
法案, ほうあん -bill (law)
崩壊, ほうかい -collapse, decay (physics), crumbling, breaking down, caving in
法学, ほうがく -law, jurisprudence
放棄, ほうき -abandonment, renunciation, abdication (responsibility right)
宝器, ほうき -treasured article or vessel, outstanding individual
封建, ほうけん -feudalistic
豊作, ほうさく -abundant harvest, bumper crop
方策, ほうさく -plan, policy
奉仕, ほうし -attendance, service
方式, ほうしき -form, method, system
放射, ほうしゃ -radiation, emission
放射能, ほうしゃのう -radioactivity
報酬, ほうしゅう -remuneration, recompense, reward, toll
放出, ほうしゅつ -release, emit
報じる, ほうじる -to inform, to report
報ずる, ほうずる -to inform, to report
放置, ほうち -leave as is, leave to chance, leave alone, neglect
法廷, ほうてい -courtroom
報道, ほうどう -information, report
褒美, ほうび -reward, prize
葬る, ほうむる -to bury, to inter, to entomb, to consign to oblivion, to shelve
放り込む, ほうりこむ -to throw into
放り出す, ほうりだす -to throw out, to fire, to expel, to give up, to abandon, to neglect
飽和, ほうわ -saturation
保温, ほおん -retaining warmth, keeping heat in, heat insulation
捕獲, ほかく -capture, seizure
保管, ほかん -charge, custody, safekeeping, deposit, storage
補給, ほきゅう -supply, supplying, replenishment
補強, ほきょう -compensation, reinforcement
保険, ほけん -insurance, guarantee
捕鯨, ほげい -whaling, whale fishing
誇る, ほこる -to boast of, to be proud of
綻びる, ほころびる -to come apart at the seams, to begin to open, to smile broadly
保護, ほご -care, protection, shelter, guardianship, favor, patronage
乾, ほし -dried, cured
干し物, ほしもの -dried washing (clothes)
保守, ほしゅ -conservative, maintaining
保障, ほしょう -guarantee, security, assurance, pledge, warranty
補償, ほしょう -compensation, reparation
補充, ほじゅう -supplementation, supplement, replenishment, replenishing
補助, ほじょ -assistance, support, aid, auxiliary
舗装, ほそう -pavement, road surface
補足, ほそく -supplement, complement
発作, ほっさ -fit, spasm
ほっと -feel relieved
頬っぺた, ほっぺた -cheek
辺り, ほとり -(in the) neighbourhood, vicinity, nearby
殆ど, ほとんど -mostly, almost
解く, ほどく -to unfasten
施す, ほどこす -to donate, to give, to conduct, to apply, to perform
保母, ほぼ -day care worker in a kindergarten nursery school etc.
保養, ほよう -health preservation, recuperation, recreation
捕吏, ほり -constable
捕虜, ほりょ -prisoner (of war)
滅びる, ほろびる -to be ruined, to go under, to perish, to be destroyed
滅ぼす, ほろぼす -to destroy, to overthrow, to wreck, to ruin
本格, ほんかく -propriety, fundamental rules
本館, ほんかん -main building
本気, ほんき -seriousness, truth, sanctity
本質, ほんしつ -essence, true nature, reality
本体, ほんたい -substance, real form, object of worship
本音, ほんね -real intention, motive
本の, ほんの -mere, only, just
本能, ほんのう -instinct
本場, ほんば -home, habitat, center, best place, genuine
本文, ほんぶん -text (of document), body (of letter)
本名, ほんみょう -real name
卯, ぼう -fourth sign of Chinese zodiac (The Hare 5am-7am east February)
防衛, ぼうえい -defense, protection, self-defense
防火, ぼうか -fire prevention, fire fighting, fire proof
妨害, ぼうがい -disturbance, obstruction, hindrance, jamming, interference
紡績, ぼうせき -spinning
呆然, ぼうぜん -dumbfounded, overcome with surprise, in blank amazement
膨脹, ぼうちょう -expansion, swelling, increase, growth
冒頭, ぼうとう -beginning, start, outset
暴動, ぼうどう -insurrection, rebellion, revolt, riot, uprising
暴風, ぼうふう -storm, windstorm, gale
暴力, ぼうりょく -violence
募金, ぼきん -fund-raising, collection of funds
牧師, ぼくし -pastor, minister, clergyman
母校, ぼこう -alma mater
没収, ぼっしゅう -forfeited
坊ちゃん, ぼっちゃん -son (of others)
ぼつぼつ -gradually, here and there, spots, pimples
没落, ぼつらく -ruin, fall, collapse
ぼやく -to grumble, to complain
ぼやける -to become dim, to become blurred
藍褸, ぼろ -rag, scrap, tattered clothes, fault (esp. in a pretense), defect, run-down or junky
枚, まい -counter for flat objects (e.g. sheets of paper)
埋蔵, まいぞう -buried property, treasure trove
舞う, まう -to dance, to flutter about, to revolve
真上, まうえ -just above, right overhead
前売り, まえうり -advance sale, booking
前置き, まえおき -preface, introduction
前もって, まえもって -in advance, beforehand, previously
任す, まかす -to entrust, to leave to a person
負かす, まかす -to defeat
賄う, まかなう -to give board to, to provide meals, to pay
曲がる, まがる -to turn, to bend
巻, まき -volume
紛らわしい, まぎらわしい -confusing, misleading, equivocal, ambiguous
紛れる, まぎれる -to be diverted, to slip into
膜, まく -membrane, film
捲る, まくる -verb suffix to indicate reckless abandon to the activity
真心, まこころ -sincerity, devotion
誠, まこと -truth, faith, fidelity, sincerity, trust, confidence, reliance, devotion
真に, まことに -truly, actually, really
まごつく -to be confused, to be flustered
正しく, まさしく -surely, no doubt, evidently
正に, まさに -correctly, surely
勝る, まさる -to excel, to surpass, to outrival
増し, まし -extra, additional, less objectionable, better, preferable
真下, ました -right under, directly below
況して, まして -still more, still less (with neg. verb), to say nothing of, not to mention
交える, まじえる -to mix, to converse with, to cross (swords)
交わる, まじわる -to cross, to intersect, to associate with, to mingle with, to interest, to join
麻酔, ますい -anaesthesia
益々, ますます -increasingly, more and more
不味い, まずい -unappetising, unpleasant (taste appearance situation), ugly, unskilful, awkward, bungling, unwise, untime
股, また -groin, crotch, thigh
跨がる, またがる -to extend over or into, to straddle
跨ぐ, またぐ -to straddle
瞬き, またたき -wink, twinkling (of stars), flicker (of light)
待ち合わせ, まちあわせ -appointment
間違う, まちがう -to make a mistake, to be incorrect, to be mistaken
待ち遠しい, まちどおしい -looking forward to
待ち望む, まちのぞむ -to look anxiously for, to wait eagerly for
区々, まちまち -1. several, various, divergent, conflicting, different, diverse, 2. trivial
末期, まっき -closing years (period days), last stage
真っ二つ, まっぷたつ -in two equal parts
的, まと -mark, target
纏まり, まとまり -conclusion, settlement, consistency
纏め, まとめ -settlement, conclusion
免れる, まぬかれる -to escape from, to be rescued from, to avoid, to evade, to avert, to elude, to be exempted, to be relieved
招き, まねき -invitation
麻痺, まひ -paralysis, palsy, numbness, stupor
眩しい, まぶしい -dazzling, radiant
目蓋, まぶた -eyelid
間々, まま -occasionally, frequently
間もなく, まもなく -soon, before long, in a short time
眉, まゆ -eyebrow
鞠, まり -ball
丸ごと, まるごと -in its entirety, whole, wholly
丸っきり, まるっきり -completely, perfectly, just as if
丸で, まるで -quite, entirely, completely, at all, as if, as though, so to speak
丸々, まるまる -completely
丸める, まるめる -to make round, to round off, to roll up, to curl up, to seduce, to cajole, to explain away
満月, まんげつ -full moon
満場, まんじょう -unanimous, whole audience
真ん中, まんなか -middle, centre, mid-way
真ん前, まんまえ -right in front, under the nose
真ん丸い, まんまるい -perfectly circular
三, み -(num) three
見合い, みあい -formal marriage interview
見合わせる, みあわせる -to exchange glances, to postpone, to suspend operations, to refrain from performing an action
見落とす, みおとす -to overlook, to fail to notice
未開, みかい -savage land, backward region, uncivilized
味覚, みかく -taste, palate, sense of taste
見掛ける, みかける -to (happen to) see, to notice, to catch sight of
三日月, みかずき -new moon, crescent moon
見方, みかた -viewpoint
見苦しい, みぐるしい -unsightly, ugly
見込み, みこみ -hope, prospects, expectation
未婚, みこん -unmarried
惨め, みじめ -miserable
未熟, みじゅく -inexperience, unripeness, raw, unskilled, immature, inexperienced
微塵, みじん -particle, atom
見すぼらしい, みすぼらしい -shabby, seedy
見せびらかす, みせびらかす -to show off, to flaunt
見せ物, みせもの -show, exhibition
満たす, みたす -to satisfy, to ingratiate, to fill, to fulfill
乱す, みだす -to throw out of order, to disarrange, to disturb
乱れる, みだれる -to get confused, to be disordered, to be disturbed
未知, みち -not yet known
導く, みちびく -to be guided, to be shown
身近, みぢか -near oneself, close to one, familiar
密集, みっしゅう -crowd, close formation, dense
密接, みっせつ -related, connected, close, intimate
見っともない, みっともない -shameful, indecent
蜜, みつ -nectar, honey
密度, みつど -density
見積り, みつもり -estimation, quotation
未定, みてい -not yet fixed, undecided, pending
見通し, みとおし -perspective, unobstructed view, outlook, forecast, prospect, insight
源, みなもと -source, origin
身なり, みなり -personal appearance
峰, みね -peak, ridge
見逃す, みのがす -to miss, to overlook, to leave at large
見晴らし, みはらし -view
身振り, みぶり -gesture
見舞, みまい -enquiry, expression of sympathy, expression of concern
脈, みゃく -pulse
未練, みれん -lingering affection, attachment, regret(s), reluctance
見渡す, みわたす -to look out over, to survey (scene), to take an extensive view of
民主, みんしゅ -democratic, the head of the nation
民宿, みんしゅく -private home providing lodging for travelers
民族, みんぞく -people, race, nation, racial customs, folk customs
民俗, みんぞく -people, race, nation, racial customs, folk customs
六, む -(num) six
無意味, むいみ -nonsense, no meaning
向き, むき -direction, situation, exposure, aspect, suitability
無口, むくち -reticence
向け, むけ -for ~, oriented towards ~
婿, むこ -son-in-law
無効, むこう -invalid, no effect, unavailable
無言, むごん -silence
毟る, むしる -to pluck, to pick, to tear
無邪気, むじゃき -innocence, simple-mindedness
結び, むすび -ending, conclusion, union
結び付き, むすびつき -connection, relation
結び付く, むすびつく -to be connected or related, to join together
結び付ける, むすびつける -to combine, to join, to tie on, to attach with a knot
無線, むせん -wireless, radio
無駄遣い, むだづかい -waste money on, squander money on, flog a dead horse
無断, むだん -without permission, without notice
無知, むち -ignorance
無茶, むちゃ -absurd, unreasonable, excessive, rash, absurdity, nonsense
無茶苦茶, むちゃくちゃ -confused, jumbled, mixed up, unreasonable
空しい, むなしい -vacant, futile, vain, void, empty, ineffective, lifeless
無念, むねん -chagrin, regret
無能, むのう -inefficiency, incompetence
無闇に, むやみに -unreasonably, absurdly, recklessly, indiscreetly, at random
無用, むよう -useless, futility, needlessness, unnecessariness
群がる, むらがる -to swarm, to gather
無論, むろん -of course, naturally
名産, めいさん -noted product
名称, めいしょう -name
命中, めいちゅう -a hit
名簿, めいぼ -register of names
名誉, めいよ -honor, credit, prestige
明瞭, めいりょう -clarity
明朗, めいろう -bright, clear, cheerful
目方, めかた -weight
恵み, めぐみ -blessing
恵む, めぐむ -to bless, to show mercy to
目覚しい, めざましい -brilliant, splendid, striking, remarkable
目覚める, めざめる -to wake up
召す, めす -to call, to send for, to put on, to wear, to take (a bath), to ride in, to buy, to eat, to drink, to catch (a
雌, めす -female (animal)
滅茶苦茶, めちゃくちゃ -absurd, unreasonable, excessive, messed up, spoiled, wreaked
目付き, めつき -look, expression of the eyes, eyes
滅亡, めつぼう -downfall, ruin, collapse, destruction
愛でたい, めでたい -auspicious
目眩, めまい -dizziness, giddiness
目盛, めもり -scale, gradations
面会, めんかい -interview
免除, めんじょ -exemption, exoneration, discharge
面する, めんする -to face on, to look out on to
面目, めんぼく -face, honour, reputation, prestige, dignity, credit
設ける, もうける -to create, to establish
申し入れる, もうしいれる -to propose, to suggest
申し込み, もうしこみ -application, entry, request, subscription, offer, proposal, overture, challenge
申出, もうしで -proposal, request, claim, report, notice
申し出る, もうしでる -to report to, to tell, to suggest, to submit, to request, to make an offer, to come forward with informati
申し分, もうしぶん -objection, shortcomings
盲点, もうてん -blind spot
猛烈, もうれつ -violent, vehement, rage
藻掻く, もがく -to struggle, to wriggle, to be impatient
目録, もくろく -catalogue, catalog, list
目論見, もくろみ -a plan, a scheme, a project, a program, intention, goal
模型, もけい -model, dummy, maquette
模索, もさく -groping (for)
若し, もし -if, in case, supposing
若しかしたら, もしかしたら -perhaps, maybe, by some chance
若しかして, もしかして -perhaps, possibly
若しかすると, もしかすると -perhaps, maybe, by some chance
若しくは, もしくは -or, otherwise
若しも, もしも -if
齎らす, もたらす -to bring, to take, to bring about
凭れる, もたれる -to lean against, to lean on, to recline on, to lie heavy (on the stomach)
持ち, もち -1. hold, charge, keep possession, in charge, 2. wear, durability, life, draw, 3. usage (suff)
持ち切り, もちきり -hot topic, talk of the town
物体ない, もったいない -too good, more than one deserves, wasteful, sacrilegious, unworthy of
以て, もって -with, by, by means of, because, in view of
専ら, もっぱら -wholly, solely, entirely
持て成す, もてなす -to entertain, to make welcome
持てる, もてる -to be well liked, to be popular
基, もとい -basis
物置き, ものおき -storeroom
物好き, ものずき -curiosity
物足りない, ものたりない -unsatisfied, unsatisfactory
最早, もはや -already, now
模範, もはん -exemplar, exemplification, exemplum, model, example
模倣, もほう -imitation, copying
揉める, もめる -to disagree, to dispute
腿, もも -thigh, femur
催す, もよおす -to hold (a meeting), to give (a dinner), to feel, to show signs of, to develop symptoms of, to feel (sick
漏らす, もらす -to let leak, to reveal
盛り上がる, もりあがる -to rouse, to swell, to rise
漏る, もる -to leak, to run out
漏れる, もれる -to leak out, to escape, to come through, to shine through, to filter out, to be omitted
脆い, もろい -brittle, fragile, tender-hearted
もろに -completely, all the way
問, もん -problem, question
矢, や -arrow
哉, や -question mark
喧しい, やかましい -noisy, strict, fussy
野外, やがい -fields, outskirts, open air, suburbs
軈て, やがて -before long, soon, at length
夜行, やぎょう -walking around at night, night train, night travel
役職, やくしょく -post, managerial position, official position
役立つ, やくだつ -to be useful, to be helpful, to serve the purpose
役場, やくば -town hall
夜具, やぐ -bedding
優, やさ -gentle, affectionate
屋敷, やしき -mansion
養う, やしなう -to rear, to maintain, to cultivate
社, やしろ -Shinto shrine
野心, やしん -ambition, aspiration, designs, treachery
易い, やすい -easy
安っぽい, やすっぽい -cheap-looking, tawdry, insignificant
休める, やすめる -to rest, to suspend, to give relief
野生, やせい -wild
矢鱈に, やたらに -randomly, recklessly, blindly
夜中, やちゅう -all night, the whole night
奴, やっこ -servant, fellow
やっ付ける, やっつける -to beat
矢っ張り, やっぱり -also, as I thought, still, in spite of, absolutely
野党, やとう -opposition party
病, やまい -illness, disease
闇, やみ -darkness, the dark, black-marketeering, dark, shady, illegal
病む, やむ -to fall ill, to be ill
止むを得ない, やむをえない -cannot be helped, unavoidable
稍, やや -a little, partially, somewhat, a short time, a while
ややこしい -puzzling, tangled, complicated, complex
遣り通す, やりとおす -to carry through, to achieve, to complete
やり遂げる, やりとげる -to accomplish
遣る, やる -to do, to have sexual intercourse, to kill, to give (to inferiors animals etc.), to dispatch (a letter
和らげる, やわらげる -to soften, to moderate, to relieve
優位, ゆうい -predominance, ascendancy, superiority
憂鬱, ゆううつ -depression, melancholy, dejection, gloom
有益, ゆうえき -beneficial, profitable
優越, ゆうえつ -supremacy, predominance, being superior to
勇敢, ゆうかん -bravery, heroism, gallantry
有機, ゆうき -organic
夕暮れ, ゆうぐれ -evening, (evening) twilight
融資, ゆうし -financing, loan
有する, ゆうする -to own, to be endowed with
融通, ゆうずう -lending (money), accommodation, adaptability, versatility, finance
優勢, ゆうせい -superiority, superior power, predominance, preponderance
優先, ゆうせん -preference, priority
誘導, ゆうどう -guidance, leading, induction, introduction, incitement, inducement
優美, ゆうび -grace, refinement, elegance
有望, ゆうぼう -good prospects, full of hope, promising
遊牧, ゆうぼく -nomadism
夕焼け, ゆうやけ -sunset
有力, ゆうりょく -1. influence, prominence, 2. potent
幽霊, ゆうれい -ghost, specter, apparition, phantom
誘惑, ゆうわく -temptation, allurement, lure
揺さぶる, ゆさぶる -to shake, to jolt, to rock, to swing
茹でる, ゆでる -to boil
ゆとり -reserve, affluence, room, time (to spare)
指差す, ゆびさす -to point at
弓, ゆみ -bow (and arrow)
揺らぐ, ゆらぐ -to swing, to sway, to shake, to tremble
緩む, ゆるむ -to become loose, to slacken
緩める, ゆるめる -to loosen, to slow down
緩やか, ゆるやか -lenient
世, よ -world, society, age, generation
好い, よい -good
要因, よういん -primary factor, main cause
溶液, ようえき -solution (liquid)
用件, ようけん -business
養護, ようご -protection, nursing, protective care
用紙, ようし -blank form
様式, ようしき -style, form, pattern
要する, ようする -to demand, to require, to take
要請, ようせい -claim, demand, request, application
養成, ようせい -training, development
様相, ようそう -aspect
用品, ようひん -articles, supplies, parts
洋風, ようふう -western style
用法, ようほう -directions, rules of use
要望, ようぼう -demand for, request
余暇, よか -leisure, leisure time, spare time
予感, よかん -presentiment, premonition
余興, よきょう -side show, entertainment
預金, よきん -deposit, bank account
抑圧, よくあつ -check, restraint, oppression, suppression
浴室, よくしつ -bathroom, bath
抑制, よくせい -suppression
欲深い, よくふかい -greedy
欲望, よくぼう -desire, appetite
寄こす, よこす -to send, to forward
横綱, よこづな -sumo grand champion
葦, よし -reed, bulrush
善し悪し, よしあし -good or bad, merits or demerits, quality, suitability
予想, よそう -expectation, anticipation, prediction, forecast
余所見, よそみ -looking away, looking aside
余地, よち -place, room, margin, scope
依って, よって -therefore, consequently, accordingly, because of
余程, よっぽど -very, greatly, much, to a large extent, quite
与党, よとう -government party, (ruling) party in power, government
呼び止める, よびとめる -to challenge, to call somebody to halt
夜更かし, よふかし -staying up late, keeping late hours, sitting up late at night, nighthawk
夜更け, よふけ -late at night
読み上げる, よみあげる -to read out loud (and clearly), to call a roll
寄り掛かる, よりかかる -to lean against, to recline on, to lean on, to rely on
宜しく, よろしく -well, properly, suitably, best regards, please remember me
弱まる, よわまる -to abate, to weaken, to be emaciated, to be dejected, to be perplexed
弱める, よわめる -to weaken
弱る, よわる -to weaken, to be troubled, to be downcast, to be emaciated, to be dejected, to be perplexed, to impair
来場, らいじょう -attendance
酪農, らくのう -dairy (farm)
落下, らっか -fall, drop, come down
楽観, らっかん -optimism
濫用, らんよう -abuse, misuse, misappropriation, using to excess
理屈, りくつ -theory, reason
利根, りこん -intelligence
利子, りし -interest (bank)
利潤, りじゅん -profit, returns
理性, りせい -reason, sense
利息, りそく -interest (bank)
立体, りったい -solid body
立法, りっぽう -legislation, lawmaking
利点, りてん -advantage, point in favor
略語, りゃくご -abbreviation, acronym
略奪, りゃくだつ -pillage, plunder, looting, robbery
流, りゅう -style of, method of, manner of
流通, りゅうつう -circulation of money or goods, flow of water or air, distribution
了, りょう -finish, completion, understanding
料, りょう -material, charge, rate, fee
領域, りょういき -area, domain, territory, field, region, regime
了解, りょうかい -comprehension, consent, understanding, roger (on the radio)
領海, りょうかい -territorial waters
両極, りょうきょく -both extremities, north and south poles, positive and negative poles
良好, りょうこう -favorable, satisfactory
良識, りょうしき -good sense
良質, りょうしつ -good quality, superior quality
了承, りょうしょう -acknowledgement, understanding (e.g. please be understanding of the mess during our renovation)
良心, りょうしん -conscience
領地, りょうち -territory, dominion
領土, りょうど -dominion, territory, possession
両立, りょうりつ -compatibility, coexistence, standing together
旅客, りょかく -passenger (transport)
旅券, りょけん -passport
履歴, りれき -personal history, background, career, log
理論, りろん -theory
輪, りん -counter for wheels and flowers
林業, りんぎょう -forestry
類似, るいじ -analogous
類推, るいすい -analogy
冷酷, れいこく -cruelty, coldheartedness, relentless, ruthless
冷蔵, れいぞう -cold storage, refrigeration
冷淡, れいたん -coolness, indifference
恋愛, れんあい -love, love-making, passion, emotion, affections
連休, れんきゅう -consecutive holidays
連日, れんじつ -every day, prolonged
連中, れんじゅう -colleagues, company, a lot
連帯, れんたい -solidarity
連邦, れんぽう -commonwealth, federation of states
連盟, れんめい -league, union, alliance
老衰, ろうすい -senility, senile decay
朗読, ろうどく -reading aloud, recitation
浪費, ろうひ -waste, extravagance
労力, ろうりょく -labour, effort, toil, trouble
碌 (碌な), ろく (ろくな) -satisfactory, decent
碌 (碌に), ろく (ろくに) -well, enough, sufficient
露骨, ろこつ -1. frank, blunt, plain, outspoken, 2. conspicuous, open, 3. broad, suggestive
論議, ろんぎ -discussion
論理, ろんり -logic
和, わ -sum, harmony, peace
我がまま, わがまま -selfishness, egoism, wilfulness, disobedience, whim
枠, わく -frame, slide
惑星, わくせい -planet
技, わざ -art, technique
態と, わざと -on purpose
態々, わざわざ -expressly, specially, doing something especially rather than incidentally
煩わしい, わずらわしい -troublesome, annoying, complicated
渡り鳥, わたりどり -migratory bird, bird of passage
詫び, わび -apology
和風, わふう -Japanese style
和文, わぶん -Japanese text, sentence in Japanese
藁, わら -straw
割合に, わりあいに -comparatively
割り当て, わりあて -allotment, assignment, allocation, quota, rationing
割り込む, わりこむ -to cut in, to thrust oneself into, to wedge oneself in, to muscle in on, to interrupt, to disturb
割り算, わりざん -division (math)
割引き, わりびき -discount, reduction, rebate, tenths discounted
悪者, わるもの -bad fellow, rascal, ruffian, scoundrel
あいかわらず -as ever,as usual,the same
アイデア / アイディア -idea
あいまい -vague,ambiguous
遭う, あう -to meet,to encounter (undesirable nuance)
扇ぐ, あおぐ -to fan,to flap
青白い, あおじろい -pale,pallid
あかんぼう -baby
明き, あき -room,time to spare,emptiness
あきれる -to be amazed,to be shocked
アクセント -accent
あくび -yawn
飽くまで, あくまで -to the end,to the last,stubbornly
明け方, あけがた -dawn
揚げる, あげる -to lift,to fry
挙げる, あげる -to raise,to fly
あげる, やる -to do for
憧れる, あこがれる -to long for,to yearn after,to admire
足跡, あしあと -footprints
味わう, あじわう -to taste,to savor,to relish
預かる, あずかる -to keep in custody,to receive on deposit,to take charge of
暖まる, あたたまる -to warm up,to get warm
暖める, あたためる -to warm,to heat
あたりまえ -usual,common,ordinary
あちら, あっち - over there, that way
あちらこちら -here and there
厚かましい, あつかましい -impudent,shameless,brazen
圧縮, あっしゅく -compression,condensation,pressure
宛名, あてな -address,direction
あてはまる -to be applicable,to come under (a category),to fulfill
あてはめる -to apply,to adapt
暴れる, あばれる -to act violently,to rage,to struggle,to be riotous
脂, あぶら -fat,tallow,lard
あぶる -to scorch
あふれる -to flood,to overflow,to brim over
雨戸, あまど -sliding storm door
甘やかす, あまやかす -to pamper,to spoil
余る, あまる -to remain,to be left over,to be in excess,to be too many
編物, あみもの -knitting,web
編む, あむ -to knit
危うい, あやうい -dangerous,critical,grave
怪しい, あやしい -suspicious,dubious,doubtful
荒い, あらい -rough,rude,wild
粗い, あらい -coarse,rough
あらすじ -outline,summary
争う, あらそう -to dispute,to argue,to be at variance,to compete
改めて, あらためて -another time,again,over again,anew,formally
改める, あらためる -to change,to alter,to reform,to revise
著す, あらわす -to write,to publish
有難い, ありがたい -grateful,thankful,welcome,appreciated,evoking gratitude
在る, ある -to live,to be
あれこれ -one thing or another,this and that,this or that
あわただしい -busy,hurried,confused,flurried
あわてる -to become confused
安易, あんい -easy-going
案外, あんがい -unexpectedly
アンテナ -antenna
言い出す, いいだす -to start talking,to speak,to tell,to propose,to suggest,to break the ice
言い付ける, いいつける -to tell,to tell on (someone),to order
意義, いぎ -meaning,significance
生き生き, いきいき -vividly,lively
いきなり -(uk) abruptly,suddenly,all of a sudden,without warning
育児, いくじ -childcare,nursing,upbringing
幾分, いくぶん -somewhat
生け花, いけばな -(1) flower arrangement
以後, いご -after this,from now on,hereafter,thereafter
以降, いこう -on and after,hereafter,thereafter
イコール -equal
勇ましい, いさましい -brave,valiant,gallant,courageous
衣食住, いしょくじゅう -necessities of life (food, clothing, etc.)
意地悪, いじわる -malicious,ill-tempered,unkind
いちいち -one by one,separately
一応, いちおう -once,tentatively,in outline,for the time being
一段と, いちだんと -greater,more,further,still more
一流, いちりゅう -first class,top grade,foremost,top-notch
佚, いつ -be lost,peace,hide,mistake,beautiful,in turn
一昨日, いっさくじつ -day before yesterday
一昨年, いっさくねん -year before last
一斉, いっせい -simultaneous,all at once
一旦, いったん -once,for a moment,one morning,temporarily
一定, いってい -fixed,settled,definite
いっていらっしゃい -
いってらっしゃい -
いってまいります -
いつのまにか -before one knows,unnoticed,unawares
移転, いてん -moving,transfer,demise
井戸, いど -water well
緯度, いど -latitude (nav.)
従姉妹, いとこ -cousin (female)
威張る, いばる -to be proud,to swagger
嫌がる, いやがる -to hate,to dislike
いよいよ -more and more,all the more,increasingly,at last,beyond doubt
煎る, いる -to parch,to fry
炒る, いる -
入れ物, いれもの -container,case,receptacle
インキ -ink
インタビュー -interview
引力, いんりょく -gravity
ウーマン -woman
ウール -wool
ウエートレス -waitress
植木, うえき -garden shrubs,trees,potted plant
飢える, うえる -to starve
浮ぶ, うかぶ -to float,to rise to surface,to come to mind
浮かべる, うかべる -to float,to express,to look (sad, glad)
浮く, うく -to float,to become merry,to become loose
承る, うけたまわる -(hum) to hear,to be told,to know
受取, うけとり -receipt
受け持つ, うけもつ -to take (be in) charge of
薄暗い, うすぐらい -dim,gloomy
薄める, うすめる -to dilute,to water down
打合せ, うちあわせ -business meeting,previous arrangement,appointment
打ち消す, うちけす -to deny,to negate,to contradict
討つ, うつ -to attack,to avenge
うっかり -carelessly,thoughtlessly,inadvertently
映す, うつす -to project,to reflect,to cast (shadow)
写る, うつる -to be photographed,to be projected
映る, うつる -to be reflected,to harmonize with,to come out (photo)
うどん -noodles (Japanese)
有無, うむ -yes or no,existence,flag indicator (comp),presence or absence marker
埋める, うめる -to bury,to fill up,to fill (a seat, a vacant position)
敬う, うやまう -to show respect,to honour
裏返す, うらがえす -to turn inside out,to turn (something) over
裏口, うらぐち -backdoor,rear entrance
占う, うらなう -to forecast,to predict
恨み, うらみ -resentment
恨む, うらむ -to curse,to feel bitter
羨ましい, うらやましい -envious,enviable
羨む, うらやむ -to envy
売上, うりあげ -amount sold,proceeds
売り切れ, うりきれ -sold-out
売り切れる, うりきれる -to be sold out
売行き, うれゆき -sales
うろうろ -loiteringly,aimless wandering
運河, うんが -canal,waterway
うんと -a great deal,very much
英文, えいぶん -sentence in English
英和, えいわ -English-Japanese (e.g. dictionary)
ええと -let me see,well,er....
液体, えきたい -liquid,fluid
エチケット -etiquette
絵の具, えのぐ -colors,paints
エプロン -apron
偉い, えらい -great,celebrated,eminent,terrible,awful,famous,remarkable,excellent
宴会, えんかい -party,banquet
園芸, えんげい -horticulture,gardening
演劇, えんげき -play (theatrical)
円周, えんしゅう -circumference
遠足, えんそく -trip,hike,picnic
延長, えんちょう -extension,elongation,prolongation,lengthening
煙突, えんとつ -chimney
追い掛ける, おいかける -to chase or run after someone,to run down,to pursue
追い越す, おいこす -to pass (e.g. car),to outdistance,to outstrip
オイル -oil,engine oil,kerosene
応援, おうえん -aid,assistance,help,reinforcement
王女, おうじょ -princess
応ずる, おうずる -to answer,to respond,to meet,to satisfy,to accept
応接, おうせつ -reception
応対, おうたい -receiving,dealing with
往復, おうふく -(col) round trip,coming and going,return ticket
欧米, おうべい -Europe and America,the West
応用, おうよう -application,put to practical use
オーケストラ -orchestra
おおざっぱ -rough (not precise),broad,sketchy
大通り, おおどおり -main street
オートメーション -automation
オーバーコート - overcoat
大凡, おおよそ -about,roughly,as a rule,approximately
お帰り, おかえり -return,welcome
おかけください -
おかげさまで -Thanks to god,thanks to you
おかず -side dish,accompaniment for rice dishes
拝む, おがむ -to worship,to beg,to make a supplication
お代わり, おかわり -second helping,another cup
補う, おぎなう -to compensate for
おきのどくに -
屋外, おくがい -outdoors
おくさん -(hon) wife,your wife,madam
送り仮名, おくりがな -part of word written in kana
おげんきで -
怠る, おこたる -to neglect,to be off guard,to be feeling better
押える, おさえる -to stop,to restrain,to seize,to repress,to suppress,to press down
おさきに -before,ahead,previously
納める, おさめる -to obtain,to reap,to pay,to supply,to accept
治める, おさめる -(1) to govern,to manage,(2) to subdue
惜しい, おしい -regrettable,disappointing,precious
御辞儀, おじぎ -bow
伯父さん, おじさん -middle-aged gentleman,uncle
小父さん, おじさん -middle-aged gentleman,uncle
叔父さん, おじさん -middle-aged gentleman,uncle
おしゃれ -smartly dressed,someone smartly dressed,fashion-conscious
おじゃまします -Excuse me for disturbing you
教わる, おそわる -to be taught
おだいじに -Take care of yourself
落着く, おちつく -to calm down,to settle down
御手洗, おてあらい -font of purifying water placed at entrance of shrine
お出掛け, おでかけ -
お手伝いさん, おてつだいさん -maid
おどかす -to threaten,to coerce
落し物, おとしもの -lost property
おととい -day before yesterday
おととし -year before last
おとなしい -obedient,docile,quiet
驚かす, おどろかす -to surprise,to frighten,to create a stir
おねがいします -please
各々, おのおの -each,every,either,respectively,severally
伯母さん, おばさん -(hon) aunt
叔母さん, おばさん -(1) aunt,(2) middle-aged lady
おはよう -(abbr) Good morning
お参り, おまいり -worship,shrine visit
おまたせしました -Sorry to have kept you waiting
おまちください -Please wait a moment
おまちどおさま -Sorry to have kept you waiting
おめでたい -happy event,matter for congratulation,auspicious event,pregnancy
思い掛けない, おもいがけない -unexpected,casual
思い込む, おもいこむ -to be under impression that,to be convinced that
思いっ切り, おもいっきり -
思い付く, おもいつく -to think of,to hit upon
重たい, おもたい -heavy,massive,serious
おやすみ -(1) holiday,absence,rest,(2) (exp) Good night
おやつ -(1) between meal snack,afternoon refreshment
親指, おやゆび -thumb
オルガン -organ
卸す, おろす -to sell wholesale,grated (vegetables)
恩恵, おんけい -grace,favor,blessing,benefit
温室, おんしつ -greenhouse
温泉, おんせん -spa,hot spring,onsen
温帯, おんたい -temperate zone
御中, おんちゅう -and Company,Messrs.
女の人, おんなのひと -woman
蚊, か -mosquito
カーブ -(1) curve,(2) curve ball (baseball)
貝, かい -shell,shellfish
開会, かいかい -opening of a meeting
会館, かいかん -meeting hall,assembly hall
改札, かいさつ -examination of tickets
解散, かいさん -breakup,dissolution
海水浴, かいすいよく -sea bathing,seawater bath
回数, かいすう -number of times,frequency
回数券, かいすうけん -book of tickets
改正, かいせい -revision,amendment,alteration
快晴, かいせい -good weather
解説, かいせつ -explanation,commentary
改造, かいぞう -(1) remodeling,(2) modding (comp)
開通, かいつう -opening,open
回転, かいてん -rotation,revolution,turning
解答, かいとう -answer,solution
回答, かいとう -reply,answer
外部, がいぶ -the outside,external
解放, かいほう -release,liberation,emancipation
開放, かいほう -open,throw open,liberalization
海洋, かいよう -ocean
概論, がいろん -intro,outline,general remarks
帰す, かえす -to send back
却って, かえって -on the contrary,rather,all the more,instead
代える, かえる -to exchange,to interchange,to substitute,to replace
反る, かえる -to warp,to be warped,to curve
家屋, かおく -house,building
係わる, かかわる -to concern oneself in,to have to do with,to affect,to influence,to stick to (opinions)
書留, かきとめ -writing down,putting on record,recording,making a note of,registration (of mail)
書取, かきとり -dictation
垣根, かきね -hedge
掻く, かく -to scratch,to perspire
嗅ぐ, かぐ -to sniff,to smell
架空, かくう -aerial,overhead,fiction,fanciful
各自, かくじ -individual,each
拡充, かくじゅう -expansion
学術, がくじゅつ -science,learning,scholarship
各地, かくち -every place,various places
拡張, かくちょう -expansion,extension,enlargement,escape (ESC)
角度, かくど -angle
学年, がくねん -year in school,grade in school
学部, がくぶ -department of a university,undergraduate
格別, かくべつ -exceptional
確率, かくりつ -probability
学力, がくりょく -scholarship,knowledge,literary ability
掛け算, かけざん -multiplication
可決, かけつ -approval,adoption (e.g. motion, bill),passage
火口, かこう -a burner,origin of a fire
下降, かこう -downward,descent,fall,drop,subsidence
重なる, かさなる -to be piled up,lie on top of one another,overlap each other
重ねる, かさねる -to pile up,to put something on another,to heap up,to add,to repeat
飾り, かざり -decoration
火山, かざん -volcano
かしこまりました -certainly!
貸し出し, かしだし -lending,loaning
過失, かしつ -error,blunder,accident
果実, かじつ -fruit,nut,berry.
貸間, かしま -room to let
貸家, かしや -house for rent
個所, かしょ -passage,place,point,part
過剰, かじょう -excess,over-
かじる -to chew,to bite (at),to gnaw,to nibble
課税, かぜい -taxation
下線, かせん -underline,underscore
カセット -cassette (tape)
加速, かそく -acceleration
加速度, かそくど -acceleration
固い, かたい -stubborn,firm (not viscous or easily moved)
堅い, かたい -hard (esp. wood),steadfast,honorable,stuffy writing
片仮名, かたかな -katakana
片付く, かたづく -to put in order,to dispose of,to solve
塊, かたまり -lump,mass,clod,cluster
固まる, かたまる -to harden,to solidify,to become firm,to become certain
片道, かたみち -one-way (trip)
傾く, かたむく -to incline toward,to slant,to lurch
片寄る, かたよる -to be one-sided,to incline,to be partial
学科, がっか -study subject,course of study
学会, がっかい -scientific society,academic meeting
楽器, がっき -musical instrument
学級, がっきゅう -grade in school
担ぐ, かつぐ -to shoulder,to carry on shoulder
括弧, かっこ -parenthesis,brackets
活字, かつじ -printing type
活躍, かつやく -activity
活力, かつりょく -vitality,energy
仮定, かてい -assumption,supposition,hypothesis
過程, かてい -process
課程, かてい -course,curriculum
仮名, かな -(n) alias,pseudonym,pen name
仮名遣い, かなづかい -kana orthography,syllabary spelling
鐘, かね -bell,chime
加熱, かねつ -heating
兼ねる, かねる -to hold (position),to serve,to be unable
カバー -cover (ex. book)
過半数, かはんすう -majority
被せる, かぶせる -to cover (with something)
釜, かま -iron pot,kettle
紙屑, かみくず -wastepaper
神様, かみさま -god
剃刀, かみそり -razor
ガム -chewing gum
貨物, かもつ -cargo,freight
かゆい -itchy,itching
歌謡, かよう -song,ballad
殻, から -shell,husk,hull,chaff
カラー -collar,color,colour
からかう -to ridicule,to tease,to banter with,to make fun of
空っぽ, からっぽ -empty,vacant,hollow
かるた -(n) playing cards (pt: carta)
枯れる, かれる -to wither,to die (plant),to be blasted (plant)
カロリー -calorie
かわいがる -to love,to be affectionate
乾かす, かわかす -to dry (clothes, etc.),to desiccate
渇く, かわく -to be thirsty
為替, かわせ -money order,exchange
瓦, かわら -roof tile
代る, かわる -(v5r,vi) to take the place of,to relieve,to be substituted for
間隔, かんかく -space,interval,SPC
換気, かんき -ventilation
感激, かんげき -deep emotion,impression,inspiration
関西, かんさい -
鑑賞, かんしょう -appreciation
感ずる, かんずる -to feel,to sense
間接, かんせつ -indirection,indirectness
乾燥, かんそう -dry,arid,insipid,dehydrated
感想, かんそう -impressions,thoughts
観測, かんそく -observation
寒帯, かんたい -frigid zone
官庁, かんちょう -government office,authorities
勘違い, かんちがい -misunderstanding,wrong guess
缶詰, かんづめ -packing (in cans),canning,canned goods,tin can
乾電池, かんでんち -dry cell,battery
関東, かんとう -eastern half of Japan, including Tokyo
観念, かんねん -(1) idea,notion,conception,(2) sense (e.g. of duty)
乾杯, かんぱい -toast (drink)
看板, かんばん -sign,signboard,doorplate,poster
看病, かんびょう -nursing (a patient)
冠, かんむり -crown,diadem,first,best
漢和, かんわ -Chinese Character-Japanese (e.g. dictionary)
気圧, きあつ -atmospheric pressure
器械, きかい -instrument
着替え, きがえ -changing clothes,change of clothes
機関車, きかんしゃ -locomotive,engine
飢饉, ききん -famine
器具, きぐ -utensil
期限, きげん -term,period
記号, きごう -symbol,code
刻む, きざむ -to mince,to carve,to engrave
儀式, ぎしき -ceremony,rite,ritual,service
基準, きじゅん -standard,basis,criteria,norm
規準, きじゅん -standard,basis,criteria,norm
起床, きしょう -rising,getting out of bed
着せる, きせる -to put on clothes
基礎, きそ -foundation,basis
気体, きたい -vapour,gas
基地, きち -base
きっかけ -chance,start,cue,excuse
ぎっしり -tightly,fully
基盤, きばん -foundation,basis
客席, きゃくせき -guest seating
客間, きゃくま -parlor,guest room
ギャング -gang
キャンパス -campus
休業, きゅうぎょう -closed (e.g. store),business suspended,shutdown,holiday
休講, きゅうこう -lecture cancelled
休息, きゅうそく -rest,relief,relaxation
給与, きゅうよ -allowance,grant,supply
休養, きゅうよう -rest,break,recreation
清い, きよい -clear,pure,noble
強化, きょうか -strengthen,intensify,reinforce,solidify
境界, きょうかい -boundary
行事, ぎょうじ -event,function
恐縮, きょうしゅく -shame,very kind of you,sorry to trouble
教養, きょうよう -culture,education,refinement,cultivation
行列, ぎょうれつ -(1) line,procession,(2) matrix (math)
漁業, ぎょぎょう -fishing (industry)
曲線, きょくせん -curve
規律, きりつ -order,rules,law
斬る, きる -(v5r) to behead,to murder
気を付ける, きをつける -to be careful,to pay attention,to take care
金魚, きんぎょ -goldfish
区域, くいき -limits,boundary,domain,zone,sphere,territory
偶数, ぐうすう -even number
空想, くうそう -daydream,fantasy,fancy,vision
空中, くうちゅう -sky,air
クーラー -cooler,air conditioner
釘, くぎ -nail
区切る, くぎる -to punctuate,to cut off,to mark off,to stop,to put an end to
櫛, くし -comb
くしゃみ -sneeze
苦情, くじょう -complaint,troubles,objection
苦心, くしん -pain,trouble
屑, くず -waste,scrap
崩す, くずす -to destroy,to pull down,to make change (money)
薬指, くすりゆび -ring finger
崩れる, くずれる -to collapse,to crumble
砕く, くだく -to break,to smash
砕ける, くだける -to break,to be broken
くたびれる -to get tired,to wear out
くだらない -good-for-nothing,stupid,trivial,worthless
下る, くだる -to get down,to descend
唇, くちびる -lips
口紅, くちべに -lipstick
くっつく -to adhere to,to keep close to
くっつける -to attach
くどい -verbose,importunate,heavy (taste)
句読点, くとうてん -punctuation marks
配る, くばる -to distribute,to deliver
工夫, くふう -labourer,worker
区分, くぶん -division,section,classification
組合せ, くみあわせ -combination
組み立てる, くみたてる -to assemble,to set up,to construct
汲む, くむ -(1) to draw (water),to dip,to scoop,to pump
酌む, くむ -to serve sake
悔しい, くやしい -regrettable,mortifying,vexing
悔やむ, くやむ -to mourn
クリーニング -cleaning,dry cleaning,laundry service
くるむ -to be engulfed in,to be enveloped by,to wrap up
くれぐれも -repeatedly,sincerely,earnestly
咥える, くわえる -
郡, ぐん -country,district
稽古, けいこ -practice,training,study
敬語, けいご -honorific,term of respect
蛍光灯, けいこうとう -fluorescent lamp,person who is slow to react
形式, けいしき -form,formality,format,math expression
継続, けいぞく -continuation
毛糸, けいと -knitting wool
経度, けいど -longitude
系統, けいとう -system,family line,geological formation
芸能, げいのう -public entertainment,accomplishments,attainments
競馬, けいば -horse racing
警備, けいび -defense,guard,policing,security
形容詞, けいようし -true adjective
形容動詞, けいようどうし -adjectival noun,quasi-adjective
外科, げか -surgical department
毛皮, けがわ -fur,skin,pelt
激増, げきぞう -sudden increase
下車, げしゃ -alighting,getting off
下旬, げじゅん -month (last third of)
下水, げすい -drainage,sewage,ditch,gutter,sewerage
削る, けずる -to cut down little by little,to take a percentage
桁, けた -column,beam,digit
下駄, げた -geta (Japanese footwear),wooden clogs
血圧, けつあつ -blood pressure
血液, けつえき -blood
月給, げっきゅう -monthly salary
傑作, けっさく -masterpiece,best work,boner,blunder
月末, げつまつ -end of the month
気配, けはい -indication,market trend,worry
下品, げひん -vulgarity,meanness,indecency,coarseness
煙い, けむい -smoky
蹴る, ける -to kick
けれど/けれども -but,however
険しい, けわしい -inaccessible place,sharp eyes
見学, けんがく -inspection,study by observation,field trip
謙虚, けんきょ -modesty,humility
原稿, げんこう -manuscript,copy
原産, げんさん -place of origin,habitat
原始, げんし -origin,primeval
研修, けんしゅう -training
厳重, げんじゅう -strict,rigour,severe,firm
謙遜, けんそん -humble,humility,modesty
県庁, けんちょう -prefectural office
限度, げんど -limit,bounds
現に, げんに -actually,really
顕微鏡, けんびきょう -microscope
原理, げんり -principle,theory,fundamental truth
原料, げんりょう -raw materials
碁, ご -Go (board game of capturing territory)
恋しい, こいしい -(1) dear,beloved,darling,(2) yearned for
請う, こう -to ask,to request
工員, こういん -factory worker
強引, ごういん -overbearing,coercive,pushy,forcible,high-handed
公害, こうがい -public nuisance,pollution
高級, こうきゅう -high class,high grade
公共, こうきょう -public,community,public service,society,communal
工芸, こうげい -industrial arts
孝行, こうこう -filial piety
交差, こうさ -cross
講師, こうし -lecturer
工事, こうじ -construction work
公式, こうしき -formula,formality,official
口実, こうじつ -excuse
こうして, こうして -thus
校舎, こうしゃ -school building
公衆, こうしゅう -the public
香水, こうすい -perfume
公正, こうせい -justice,fairness,impartiality
功績, こうせき -achievements,merit,meritorious service,meritorious deed
光線, こうせん -beam,light ray
高層, こうそう -upper
構造, こうぞう -structure,construction
交替, こうたい -alternation,change,relief,relay,shift
耕地, こうち -arable land
交通機関, こうつうきかん -transportation facilities
校庭, こうてい -campus
肯定, こうてい -positive,affirmation
高度, こうど -altitude,height,advanced
高等, こうとう -high class,high grade
合同, ごうどう -combination,incorporation,union,amalgamation
後輩, こうはい -junior (at work or school)
公表, こうひょう -official announcement,proclamation
鉱物, こうぶつ -mineral
公務, こうむ -official business,public business
項目, こうもく -item
紅葉, こうよう -(1) (Japanese) maple
合理, ごうり -rational
交流, こうりゅう -alternating current,intercourse,(cultural) exchange,intermingling
合流, ごうりゅう -confluence,union,linking up,merge
効力, こうりょく -effect,efficacy,validity,potency
超える, こえる -to exceed,to cross over,to cross
コース -course
コーラス -chorus
焦がす, こがす -to burn,to scorch,to singe,to char
国王, こくおう -king
国籍, こくせき -nationality
国立, こくりつ -national
ごくろうさま -Thank you very much for your....
焦げる, こげる -to burn,to be burned
凍える, こごえる -to freeze,to be chilled,to be frozen
心当たり, こころあたり -having some knowledge of,happening to know
心得る, こころえる -to be informed,to have thorough knowledge
腰掛け, こしかけ -seat,bench
腰掛ける, こしかける -to sit (down)
五十音, ごじゅうおん -the Japanese syllabary
胡椒, こしょう -pepper
こしらえる -to make,to manufacture
超す, こす -to cross,to pass,to tide over
擦る, こする -to rub,to chafe,to file,to frost (glass),to strike (match)
ごぞんじですか -
個体, こたい -an individual
御馳走, ごちそう -feast,treating (someone)
ごちそうさま -feast
こちらこそ -it is I who should say so
小遣い, こづかい -personal expenses,pocket money,spending money,incidental expenses,allowance
コック -(1) cook (nl:),(2) tap,spigot,faucet,cock
こっそり -stealthily,secretly
古典, こてん -old book,classics,classic
琴, こと -Koto (Japanese harp)
言付ける, ことづける -to send word,to send a message
言葉遣い, ことばづかい -speech,expression,wording
こないだ -the other day,lately,recently
御無沙汰, ごぶさた -not writing or contacting for a while
こぼす -to spill
こぼれる -to overflow,to spill
塵芥, ごみ -trash,rubbish
ゴム -gum,rubber,eraser
御免, ごめん -your pardon,declining (something),dismissal,permission
ごめんください -May I come in?
小指, こゆび -little finger
こらえる -to bear,to stand,to endure,to put up with
娯楽, ごらく -pleasure,amusement
御覧, ごらん -(hon) look,inspection,try
コレクション -(1) collection,(2) correction
転がす, ころがす -to roll
転がる, ころがる -to roll,to tumble
紺, こん -navy blue,deep blue
コンクール -contest (fr: concours)
コンクリート -concrete
混合, こんごう -mixing,mixture
コンセント -(1) consent,(2) concentric
献立, こんだて -menu,program,schedule
こんばんは -good evening
サークル -circle,sports club (i.e. at a company)
在学, ざいがく -(enrolled) in school
再三, さいさん -again and again,repeatedly
祭日, さいじつ -national holiday,festival day
催促, さいそく -request,demand,claim,urge (action),press for
採点, さいてん -marking,grading,looking over
災難, さいなん -calamity,misfortune
裁縫, さいほう -sewing
材木, ざいもく -lumber,timber
サイレン -siren
逆さ, さかさ -reverse,inversion,upside down
逆様, さかさま -inversion,upside down
捜す, さがす -to search,to seek,to look for
遡る, さかのぼる -to go back,to go upstream,to make retroactive
酒場, さかば -bar,bar-room
さきおととい -two days before yesterday
先程, さきほど -some time ago
裂く, さく -to tear,to split
索引, さくいん -index,indices
作者, さくしゃ -author,authoress
削除, さくじょ -elimination,cancellation,deletion,erasure
作成, さくせい -frame,draw up,make,producing
作製, さくせい -manufacture
探る, さぐる -to search,to look for,to sound out
囁く, ささやく -to whisper,to murmur
刺さる, ささる -to stick,to be stuck
匙, さじ -spoon
座敷, ざしき -tatami room
差し支え, さしつかえ -hindrance,impediment
差し引き, さしひき -deduction,subtraction,balance,ebb and flow,rise and fall
刺身, さしみ -sliced raw fish
刺す, さす -to pierce,to stab,to prick,to thrust
挿す, さす -to insert,to put in,to graft,to wear in belt
注す, さす -to pour (drink),to serve (drinks)
射す, さす -to shine,to strike
流石, さすが -clever,adept,good,expectations,as one would expect
撮影, さつえい -photographing
雑音, ざつおん -noise (jarring, grating)
さっさと -quickly
早速, さっそく -at once,immediately,without delay,promptly
錆, さび -rust (colour)
錆びる, さびる -to rust,to become rusty
座布団, ざぶとん -cushion (Japanese)
冷ます, さます -to cool,to dampen,to let cool
妨げる, さまたげる -to disturb,to prevent
冷める, さめる -to become cool,to wear off,to abate,to subside
さようなら -good-bye
再来月, さらいげつ -month after next
再来週, さらいしゅう -week after next
再来年, さらいねん -year after next
サラリーマン -salary man,company employee
騒がしい, さわがしい -noisy
さわやか -fresh,refreshing,invigorating
三角, さんかく -triangle,triangular
算数, さんすう -arithmetic
酸性, さんせい -acidity
産地, さんち -producing area
サンプル -sample
山林, さんりん -mountain forest,mountains and forest
仕上がる, しあがる -to be finished
しあさって -two days after tomorrow
シーズン -season (sporting)
シーツ -sheet
寺院, じいん -temple
しいんと, （する） -silent (as the grave),(deathly) quiet
自衛, じえい -self-defense
塩辛い, しおからい -salty (taste)
司会, しかい -chairmanship
四角, しかく -square
四角い, しかくい -square
時間割, じかんわり -timetable,schedule
四季, しき -four seasons
敷地, しきち -site
至急, しきゅう -urgent,pressing
敷く, しく -to spread out,to lay out
茂る, しげる -to grow thick,to luxuriate,to be luxurious
持参, じさん -bringing,taking,carrying
磁石, じしゃく -magnet
四捨五入, ししゃごにゅう -rounding up (fractions)
始終, しじゅう -continuously,from beginning to end
自習, じしゅう -self-study
静まる, しずまる -to quieten down,to calm down,to subside
姿勢, しせい -attitude,posture
自然科学, しぜんかがく -natural science
時速, じそく -speed (per hour)
子孫, しそん -descendants,posterity,offspring
死体, したい -corpse
下書き, したがき -rough copy,draft
下町, したまち -Shitamachi,lower parts of town
自治, じち -self-government,autonomy
実感, じっかん -feelings (actual, true)
湿気, しっけ -moisture,humidity,dampness
湿気, しっき -moisture,humidity,dampness
しつこい -insistent,obstinate
実習, じっしゅう -practice,training
実績, じっせき -achievements,actual results
湿度, しつど -level of humidity
執筆, しっぴつ -writing
実物, じつぶつ -real thing,original
しっぽ -tail (animal)
実用, じつよう -practical use,utility
実力, じつりょく -merit,efficiency,arms,force
実例, じつれい -example,illustration
失恋, しつれん -disappointed love,broken heart,unrequited love,be lovelorn
指定, してい -designation,specification,assignment,pointing at
私鉄, してつ -private railway
児童, じどう -children,juvenile
縛る, しばる -to tie,to bind
地盤, じばん -(the) ground
しびれる -to become numb,to go to sleep (i.e., a limb)
紙幣, しへい -paper money,notes,bills
しぼむ -to wither,to fade (away),to shrivel,to wilt
絞る, しぼる -to press,to wring,to squeeze
縞, しま -stripe
地味, じみ -plain,simple
しみじみ -keenly,deeply,heartily
氏名, しめい -full name,identity
締切, しめきり -closing,cut-off,end,deadline,Closed,No Entrance
締め切る, しめきる -to shut up
湿る, しめる -to be wet,to become wet,to be damp
ジャーナリスト -journalist
社会科学, しゃかいかがく -social science
しゃがむ -to squat
蛇口, じゃぐち -faucet,tap
弱点, じゃくてん -weak point,weakness
車庫, しゃこ -garage,car shed
車掌, しゃしょう -(train) conductor
写生, しゃせい -sketching,drawing from nature
社説, しゃせつ -editorial,leading article
しゃっくり -hiccough,hiccup
シャッター -shutter
しゃぶる -to suck,to chew
車輪, しゃりん -(car) wheel
洒落, しゃれ -joke,pun,witticism
じゃんけん -(n) rock-scissors-paper game
集会, しゅうかい -meeting,assembly
住居, じゅうきょ -dwelling,house,residence,address
集金, しゅうきん -money collection
集合, しゅうごう -gathering,assembly,meeting,set (math)
習字, しゅうじ -penmanship
修繕, しゅうぜん -repair,mending
重体, じゅうたい -seriously ill,serious condition,critical state
じゅうたん, （カーペット） -carpet
終点, しゅうてん -terminus,last stop (e.g train)
重点, じゅうてん -important point,lay stress on,colon,emphasis
就任, しゅうにん -inauguration,assumption of office
周辺, しゅうへん -circumference,outskirts,environs,(computer) peripheral
重役, じゅうやく -director,high executive
終了, しゅうりょう -end,close,termination
重量, じゅうりょう -(1) weight,(2) heavyweight boxer
重力, じゅうりょく -gravity
熟語, じゅくご -idiom,idiomatic phrase,kanji compound
祝日, しゅくじつ -national holiday
縮小, しゅくしょう -reduction,curtailment
受験, じゅけん -taking an examination
主語, しゅご -(gram) subject
出勤, しゅっきん -going to work,at work
述語, じゅつご -predicate
出張, しゅっちょう -official tour,business trip
寿命, じゅみょう -life span
主役, しゅやく -leading part,leading actor (actress)
受話器, じゅわき -(telephone) receiver
循環, じゅんかん -circulation,rotation,cycle
巡査, じゅんさ -police,policeman
順々, じゅんじゅん -in order,in turn
順序, じゅんじょ -order,sequence,procedure
純情, じゅんじょう -pure heart,naivete,self-sacrificing devotion
純粋, じゅんすい -pure,true,genuine,unmixed
消化, しょうか -digestion
小学生, しょうがくせい -grade school student
しょうがない -
将棋, しょうぎ -Japanese chess
蒸気, じょうき -steam,vapour
定規, じょうぎ -(measuring) ruler
上級, じょうきゅう -advanced level,high grade,senior
商業, しょうぎょう -commerce,trade,business
消極的, しょうきょくてき -passive
賞金, しょうきん -prize,monetary award
上下, じょうげ -high and low,up and down,unloading and loading,praising and blaming
障子, しょうじ -paper sliding door
商社, しょうしゃ -trading company,firm
乗車, じょうしゃ -taking a train,entraining
上旬, じょうじゅん -first 10 days of month
生ずる, しょうずる -to cause,to arise,to be generated
小数, しょうすう -fraction (part of),decimal
商店, しょうてん -shop,business firm
焦点, しょうてん -focus,point
消毒, しょうどく -disinfection,sterilization
勝敗, しょうはい -victory or defeat,issue (of battle)
蒸発, じょうはつ -evaporation,unexplained disappearance
賞品, しょうひん -prize,trophy
勝負, しょうぶ -victory or defeat,match,contest,game,bout
小便, しょうべん -(col) urine,piss
消防署, しょうぼうしょ -fire station
正味, しょうみ -net (weight)
正面, しょうめん -the front,honesty
消耗, しょうもう -exhaustion,consumption
醤油, しょうゆ -soy sauce
省略, しょうりゃく -omission,abbreviation,abridgment
初級, しょきゅう -elementary level
助教授, じょきょうじゅ -assistant professor
食塩, しょくえん -table salt
職人, しょくにん -worker,mechanic,artisan,craftsman
初旬, しょじゅん -first 10 days of the month
書籍, しょせき -book,publication
食器, しょっき -tableware
ショップ -a shop
書店, しょてん -bookshop
書道, しょどう -calligraphy
白髪, しらが -white or grey hair,trendy hair bleaching
知合い, しりあい -acquaintance
シリーズ -series
私立, しりつ -private (establishment)
資料, しりょう -materials,data
汁, しる -juice,sap,soup,broth
素人, しろうと -amateur,novice
芯, しん -core,heart,wick,marrow
新幹線, しんかんせん -bullet train (very high speed),shinkansen
真空, しんくう -vacuum,hollow,empty
信ずる, しんずる -to believe,to believe in,to place trust in
心身, しんしん -mind and body
申請, しんせい -application,request,petition
人造, じんぞう -man-made,synthetic,artificial
寝台, しんだい -bed,couch
診断, しんだん -diagnosis
侵入, しんにゅう -penetration,invasion,raid,aggression,trespass
人文科学, じんぶんかがく -social sciences,humanities
人命, じんめい -(human) life
深夜, しんや -late at night
森林, しんりん -forest,woods
親類, しんるい -relation,kin
針路, しんろ -course,direction,compass bearing
神話, しんわ -myth,legend
酢, す -vinegar
水産, すいさん -marine products,fisheries
炊事, すいじ -cooking,culinary arts
水蒸気, すいじょうき -water vapour,steam
水素, すいそ -hydrogen
垂直, すいちょく -vertical,perpendicular
推定, すいてい -presumption,assumption,estimation
水滴, すいてき -drop of water
水筒, すいとう -canteen,flask,water bottle
随筆, ずいひつ -essays,miscellaneous writings
水分, すいぶん -moisture
水平, すいへい -water level,horizon
水平線, すいへいせん -horizon
水曜, すいよう -Wednesday
ずうずうしい -impudent,shameless
ずうっと -
末っ子, すえっこ -youngest child
スカーフ -scarf
図鑑, ずかん -picture book
杉, すぎ -Japanese cedar
好き嫌い, すききらい -likes and dislikes,taste
好き好き, すきずき -matter of taste
透き通る, すきとおる -to be(come) transparent
隙間, すきま -crevice,crack,gap,opening
スクール -school
すくなくとも -at least
図形, ずけい -figure
スケジュール -schedule
鈴, すず -bell
涼む, すずむ -to cool oneself,to cool off,to enjoy evening cool
スタート -start
スチュワーデス -stewardess
すっきり -shapely,clear,neat
すっぱい -sour,acid
ステージ -(1) stage,(2) performance
棄てる, すてる -
ストッキング -stockings
ストップ -stop
素直, すなお -obedient,meek,docile,unaffected
頭脳, ずのう -head,brains,intellect
スピーカー -speaker
図表, ずひょう -chart,diagram,graph
スマート -smart,stylish,slim
住まい, すまい -dwelling,house,residence,address
すまない -sorry (phrase)
墨, すみ -ink
澄む, すむ -to clear (e.g. weather),to become transparent
清む, すむ -
相撲, すもう -sumo wrestling
スライド -slide
ずらす -to put off,to delay
ずらり -
掏摸, すり -pickpocket
刷る, する -to print
狡い, ずるい -sly,cunning
すれちがう -to pass by one another,to disagree
滑れる, ずれる -
寸法, すんぽう -measurement,size,dimension
姓, せい -surname,family name
税関, ぜいかん -customs house
製作, せいさく -manufacture,production
制作, せいさく -work (film, book)
性質, せいしつ -nature,property,disposition
清書, せいしょ -clean copy
青少年, せいしょうねん -youth,young person
整数, せいすう -integer
清掃, せいそう -cleaning
生存, せいぞん -existence,being,survival
生長, せいちょう -growth,increment
政党, せいとう -(member of) political party
生年月日, せいねんがっぴ -birth date
性能, せいのう -ability,efficiency
整備, せいび -adjustment,completion,consolidation
成分, せいぶん -ingredient,component,composition
性別, せいべつ -distinction by sex,sex,gender
正方形, せいほうけい -square
正門, せいもん -main gate,main entrance
成立, せいりつ -coming into existence,arrangements,establishment,completion
西暦, せいれき -Christian Era,anno domini (A.D.)
背負う, せおう -to be burdened with,to carry on back or shoulder
赤道, せきどう -equator
折角, せっかく -with trouble,at great pains,long-awaited
接近, せっきん -getting closer,drawing nearer,approaching
石鹸, せっけん -soap
接する, せっする -to come in contact with,to connect,to attend,to receive
せっせと -
接続, せつぞく -(1) connection,union,join,link,(2) changing trains
瀬戸物, せともの -earthenware,crockery,china
ぜひとも -by all means (with sense of not taking no for an answer)
迫る, せまる -to draw near,to press
ゼミ -(n) seminar
せめて -offense,method of attack
攻める, せめる -to attack,to assault
セメント -cement
栓, せん -stopper,cork,stopcock
前後, ぜんご -around,throughout,front and back,before and behind,before and after
洗剤, せんざい -detergent,washing material
全集, ぜんしゅう -complete works
全身, ぜんしん -the whole body,full-length (portrait)
扇子, せんす -folding fan
専制, せんせい -despotism,autocracy
先々月, せんせんげつ -month before last
先々週, せんせんしゅう -
先祖, せんぞ -ancestor
先端, せんたん -pointed end,tip,fine point
センチ -centimeter,centi-,10^-2
宣伝, せんでん -propaganda,publicity
先頭, せんとう -head,lead,vanguard,first
全般, ぜんぱん -(the) whole,universal,wholly,general
扇風機, せんぷうき -electric fan
線路, せんろ -line,track,roadbed
相違, そうい -difference,discrepancy,variation
そういえば -which reminds me ..
雑巾, ぞうきん -house-cloth,dust cloth
増減, ぞうげん -increase and decrease,fluctuation
倉庫, そうこ -storehouse,warehouse,godown
相互, そうご -mutual,reciprocal
創作, そうさく -production,literary creation,work
葬式, そうしき -funeral
そうして -and,like that
造船, ぞうせん -shipbuilding
騒々しい, そうぞうしい -noisy,boisterous
増大, ぞうだい -enlargement
そうっと -
送別, そうべつ -farewell,send-off
草履, ぞうり -zoori (Japanese footwear),sandals
総理大臣, そうりだいじん -Prime Minister
送料, そうりょう -postage,carriage
属する, ぞくする -to belong to,to come under,to be affiliated with,to be subject to
続々, ぞくぞく -successively,one after another
速達, そくたつ -express,special delivery
測定, そくてい -measurement
測量, そくりょう -measurement,surveying
速力, そくりょく -speed
素質, そしつ -character,qualities,genius
祖先, そせん -ancestor
そそっかしい -careless,thoughtless
卒直, そっちょく -frankness,candour,openheartedness
具える, そなえる -to be furnished with
そのうえ -in addition,furthermore
そのころ -
そのため -hence,for that reason
そのほか -otherwise
蕎麦, そば -soba (buckwheat noodles)
剃る, そる -to shave
それなのに -
逸れる, それる -to stray (turn) from subject,to get lost,to go astray
揃う, そろう -to become complete,to be equal,to be all present,to gather
揃える, そろえる -to put things in order,to arrange,to make uniform,to get something ready
算盤, そろばん -abacus
存じる, ぞんじる -(hum) to know
存ずる, ぞんずる -
損得, そんとく -loss and gain,advantage and disadvantage
田ぼ, たんぼ -paddy field,farm
だいいち, （副） -first,foremost,# 1
退院, たいいん -leaving hospital
大学院, だいがくいん -graduate school
大工, だいく -carpenter
体系, たいけい -system,organization
太鼓, たいこ -drum,tambourine
対策, たいさく -counter-plan,counter-measure
大して, たいして -(not so) much,(not) very
対照, たいしょう -contrast,antithesis,comparison
大小, だいしょう -size
体制, たいせい -order,system,structure,set-up,organization
体積, たいせき -capacity,volume
大層, たいそう -very much,exaggerated,very fine
体操, たいそう -gymnastics,physical exercises,calisthenics
大分, だいぶん -considerably,greatly,a lot
大木, たいぼく -large tree
題名, だいめい -title
代名詞, だいめいし -pronoun
タイア -tire,tyre
ダイヤグラム -diagram
ダイヤモンド -diamond
ダイヤル -dial
対立, たいりつ -confrontation,opposition,antagonism
田植え, たうえ -rice planting
絶えず, たえず -constantly
楕円, だえん -ellipse
高める, たかめる -to raise,to lift,to boost
耕す, たがやす -to till,to plow,to cultivate
滝, たき -waterfall
炊く, たく -to boil,to cook
焚く, たく -to burn,to kindle,to build a fire
蓄える, たくわえる -to store,to lay in stock
竹, たけ -bamboo,middle (of a three-tier ranking system)
助かる, たすかる -to be saved,to be rescued,to survive,to be helpful
只, ただ -free of charge,mere,sole,only,usual,common
但し, ただし -but,however,provided that
畳む, たたむ -to fold (clothes)
立ち止まる, たちどまる -to stop,to halt,to stand still
たちまち -at once,in a moment,suddenly,all at once
建つ, たつ -to erect,to be erected,to be built
発つ, たつ -to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)
脱線, だっせん -derailment,digression
妥当, だとう -valid,proper,right,appropriate
例える, たとえる -to compare,to liken,to speak figuratively,to illustrate,to use a simile
頼もしい, たのもしい -reliable,trustworthy,hopeful,promising
足袋, たび -tabi,Japanese socks (with split toe)
ダブル -double
だます -to trick,to cheat,to deceive
溜まる, たまる -to collect,to gather,to save
ダム -dumb
溜息, ためいき -a sigh
ためらう -to hesitate
溜める, ためる -to amass,to accumulate
だらしない -slovenly,loose,a slut
足る, たる -to be sufficient,to be enough
段階, だんかい -gradation,grade,stage
短期, たんき -short term
炭鉱, たんこう -coal mine,coal pit
短所, たんしょ -(1) defect,demerit,weak point,(2) disadvantage
たんす -chest of drawers
淡水, たんすい -fresh water
断水, だんすい -water outage
単数, たんすう -singular (number)
団地, だんち -multi-unit apartments
断定, だんてい -conclusion,decision
短編, たんぺん -short (e.g. story, film)
誓う, ちかう -to swear,to vow,to take an oath,to pledge
地下水, ちかすい -underground water
近々, ちかぢか -nearness,before long
近付ける, ちかづける -to bring near,to put close,to let come near,to associate with
近寄る, ちかよる -to approach,to draw near
力強い, ちからづよい -reassuring,emboldened
ちぎる -to cut up fine,to pick (fruit)
地質, ちしつ -geological features
知人, ちじん -friend,acquaintance
地帯, ちたい -area,zone
縮む, ちぢむ -to shrink,to be contracted
縮める, ちぢめる -to shorten,to reduce,to boil down,to shrink
縮れる, ちぢれる -to be wavy,to be curled
チップ -(1) gratuity,tip,(2) chip
地点, ちてん -site,point on a map
地名, ちめい -place name
茶色い, ちゃいろい -
着々, ちゃくちゃく -steadily
茶碗, ちゃわん -rice bowl,tea cup,teacup
中間, ちゅうかん -middle,midway,interim
中旬, ちゅうじゅん -second third of a month
抽象, ちゅうしょう -abstract
中世, ちゅうせい -Middle Ages,mediaeval times
中性, ちゅうせい -neuter gender,neutral (chem.),indifference,sterility
中途, ちゅうと -in the middle,half-way
中年, ちゅうねん -middle-aged
超過, ちょうか -excess,being more than
彫刻, ちょうこく -carving,engraving,sculpture
長所, ちょうしょ -(1) strong point,merit,(2) advantage
長女, ちょうじょ -eldest daughter
調整, ちょうせい -regulation,adjustment,tuning
調節, ちょうせつ -regulation,adjustment,control
長短, ちょうたん -length,long and short,+-
頂点, ちょうてん -top,summit
長男, ちょうなん -eldest son
長方形, ちょうほうけい -rectangle,oblong
調味料, ちょうみりょう -condiment,seasoning
チョーク -chock,chalk
直後, ちょくご -immediately following
直線, ちょくせん -straight line
直前, ちょくぜん -just before
直通, ちょくつう -direct communication
直流, ちょくりゅう -direct current
貯蔵, ちょぞう -storage,preservation
直角, ちょっかく -right angle
直径, ちょっけい -diameter
散らかす, ちらかす -to scatter around,to leave untidy
散らかる, ちらかる -to be in disorder,to lie scattered around
散らす, ちらす -to scatter,to disperse,to distribute
塵紙, ちりがみ -tissue paper,toilet paper
散る, ちる -to fall,to scatter (e.g. blossoms)
追加, ついか -addition,supplement,appendix
ついで -opportunity,occasion
通貨, つうか -currency
通勤, つうきん -commuting to work
通ずる, つうずる -
通知, つうち -notice,notification
通帳, つうちょう -passbook
通訳, つうやく -interpretation
通用, つうよう -popular use,circulation
通路, つうろ -passage,pathway
付合う, つきあう -to associate with,to keep company with,to get on with
突き当たり, つきあたり -end (e.g. of street)
突き当たる, つきあたる -to run into,to collide with
月日, つきひ -time,years,days
点く, つく -to catch fire,(electricity) comes on
突く, つく -(1) to thrust,to strike,(2) to poke
次ぐ, つぐ -to rank next to,to come after
作る/造る, つくる -to make,to create
着ける, つける -(1) to attach,to join,to add,to append
点ける, つける -to turn on,to switch on,to light up
浸ける, つける -to dip in,to soak
伝わる, つたわる -to be handed down,to be introduced,to be transmitted
突っ込む, つっこむ -to plunge into,to go into deeply
務める, つとめる -(1) to serve,to fill a post,to serve under,to work (for)
努める, つとめる -(1) to serve,to fill a post,to serve under,to work (for)
綱, つな -rope
繋がり, つながり -connection,link,relationship
繋がる, つながる -to be tied together,to be connected to,to be related to
繋げる, つなげる -to connect
粒, つぶ -grain
潰す, つぶす -to smash,to waste
潰れる, つぶれる -to be smashed,to go bankrupt
つまずく -to stumble,to trip
詰まる, つまる -to be blocked,to be packed
積む, つむ -to pile up,to stack
爪, つめ -fingernail or toenail,claw,talon,hoof
艶, つや -gloss,glaze
強気, つよき -firm,strong
釣り合う, つりあう -to balance,to be in harmony,to suit
吊る, つる -to hang
吊す, つるす -to hang
出合い, であい -an encounter
手洗い, てあらい -restroom,lavatory,hand-washing
定員, ていいん -fixed number of regular personnel,capacity (of boat, etc.)
定価, ていか -established price
低下, ていか -fall,decline,lowering,deterioration
定期券, ていきけん -commuter pass,season ticket
定休日, ていきゅうび -regular holiday
停止, ていし -suspension,interruption,stoppage,ban
停車, ていしゃ -stopping (e.g. train)
停電, ていでん -failure of electricity
出入り, でいり -in and out,coming and going,free association,income and expenditure,debits and credit
出入口, でいりぐち -exit and entrance
手入れ, ていれ -repairs,maintenance
テーマ -(n) theme,project,topic (de: Thema)
出掛ける, でかける -to depart,to set out,to start,to be going out
出来上がり, できあがり -be finished,ready,made for,cut out
出来上がる, できあがる -(1) to be finished,to be ready,by definition,(2) to be very drunk
的確, てきかく -precise,accurate
適確, てきかく -precise,accurate
手首, てくび -wrist
凸凹, でこぼこ -unevenness,roughness,ruggedness
手頃, てごろ -moderate,handy
でたらめ -(1) irresponsible utterance,nonsense,nonsensical,(2) random
手帳, てちょう -notebook
鉄橋, てっきょう -railway bridge,iron bridge
手続き, てつづき -procedure,(legal) process,formalities
鉄砲, てっぽう -gun
テニスコート -tennis court
手拭い, てぬぐい -(hand) towel
手前, てまえ -before,this side,we,you
出迎え, でむかえ -meeting,reception
出迎える, でむかえる -to meet,to greet
照らす, てらす -to shine on,to illuminate
照る, てる -to shine
展開, てんかい -develop,expansion (opposite of compression)
伝記, でんき -biography,life story
電球, でんきゅう -light bulb
点数, てんすう -marks,points,score,runs
伝染, でんせん -contagion
電池, でんち -battery
点々, てんてん -here and there,little by little
転々, てんてん -
電柱, でんちゅう -telephone pole,telegraph pole,lightpole
天皇, てんのう -Emperor of Japan
電波, でんぱ -electro-magnetic wave
テンポ -tempo
電流, でんりゅう -electric current
電力, でんりょく -electric power
問い合わせ, といあわせ -enquiry,ENQ
銅, どう -copper
統一, とういつ -unity,consolidation,uniformity
同格, どうかく -the same rank,equality,apposition
峠, とうげ -ridge,(mountain) pass,difficult part
統計, とうけい -scattering,a scatter,dispersion
動作, どうさ -action,movements,motions,bearing,behaviour,manners
東西, とうざい -East and West,whole country
当日, とうじつ -appointed day,very day
投書, とうしょ -letter to the editor,letter from a reader,contribution
登場, とうじょう -entry (on stage)
どうせ -anyhow,in any case,at any rate
どうぞよろしく -pleased to meet you
灯台, とうだい -lighthouse
盗難, とうなん -theft,robbery
当番, とうばん -being on duty
等分, とうぶん -division into equal parts
透明, とうめい -transparency,cleanness
灯油, とうゆ -lamp oil,kerosene
東洋, とうよう -Orient
童話, どうわ -fairy tale
通り掛かる, とおりかかる -to happen to pass by
溶かす, とかす -to melt,to dissolve
尖る, とがる -to taper to a point,to become sharp,to be sour,to look displeased
どきどき -throb,beat (fast)
溶く, とく -to dissolve (paint)
退く, どく -(1) to retreat,to recede,to withdraw
特殊, とくしゅ -special,unique
特色, とくしょく -characteristic,feature
特長, とくちょう -forte,merit
特定, とくてい -specific,special,particular
特売, とくばい -special sale
溶け込む, とけこむ -to melt into
溶ける, とける -to melt,to thaw,to fuse,to dissolve
退ける, どける -to remove,to take away,to dislodge,to put something out of the way
床の間, とこのま -alcove
床屋, とこや -barber
所々, ところどころ -here and there,some parts (of something)
都心, としん -heart (of city)
戸棚, とだな -cupboard,locker,closet,wardrobe
とっくに -long ago,already,a long time ago
どっと -suddenly
整う, ととのう -to be prepared,to be in order,to be put in order,to be arranged
留まる, とどまる -(1) to be fixed,(2) to abide,to stay (in the one place)
どなる -to shout,to yell
飛び込む, とびこむ -to jump in,to leap in,to plunge into,to dive
跳ぶ, とぶ -to jump,to fly,to leap
留まる, とまる -(1) to be fixed,(2) to abide,to stay (in the one place)
泊める, とめる -to give shelter to,to lodge
ともかく -anyhow,anyway,somehow or other,generally speaking,in any case
捕える, とらえる -to seize,to grasp,to capture,to arrest
取り入れる, とりいれる -to harvest,to take in,to adopt
取り消す, とりけす -to cancel
取り出す, とりだす -to take out,to produce,to pick out
採る, とる -(1) to adopt (measure, proposal),(2) to pick (fruit)
捕る, とる -to take,to catch (fish),to capture
トレーニング -training
丼, どんぶり -porcelain bowl,bowl of rice with food on top
内科, ないか -internist clinic,internal medicine
内線, ないせん -phone extension,indoor wiring,inner line
ナイロン -nylon
治す, なおす -to cure,to heal,to fix,to correct,to repair
永い, ながい -long,lengthy
仲直り, なかなおり -reconciliation,make peace with
長引く, ながびく -to be prolonged,to drag on
中身, なかみ -contents,interior,substance,filling,(sword) blade
中味, なかみ -contents,interior,substance,filling,(sword) blade
中指, なかゆび -middle finger
仲良し, なかよし -intimate friend,bosom buddy,chum
慰める, なぐさめる -to comfort,to console
亡くす, なくす -to lose someone, wife, child, etc
なぐる -to strike,to hit
為す, なす -to accomplish,to do
謎謎, なぞなぞ -riddle,puzzle,enigma
傾らか, なだらか -
懐かしい, なつかしい -dear,desired,missed
撫でる, なでる -to brush gently,to stroke
斜め, ななめ -obliqueness
なにしろ -at any rate,anyhow,anyway,in any case
何々, なになに -such and such,What?
何分, なにぶん -what minute?,how many minutes?
生意気, なまいき -impertinent,saucy,cheeky,conceit,audacious,brazen
並木, なみき -roadside tree,row of trees
倣う, ならう -to imitate,to follow,to emulate
鳴らす, ならす -to ring,to sound,to chime,to beat,to snort (nose)
生る, なる -to bear fruit
馴れる, なれる -to become domesticated,to become tame
南極, なんきょく -south pole,Antarctic
なんとなく -somehow or other,for some reason or another
なんとも -nothing (with neg. verb),quite,not a bit
ナンバー -number
南米, なんべい -South America
南北, なんぼく -south and north
煮える, にえる -to boil,to cook,to be cooked
匂う, におう -to be fragrant,to smell,to stink
逃がす, にがす -to let loose,to set free,to let escape
憎い, にくい -hateful,abominable,poor-looking,detestable
憎む, にくむ -to hate,to detest
憎らしい, にくらしい -odious,hateful
にこにこ -
濁る, にごる -to become muddy,to get impure
虹, にじ -rainbow
日時, にちじ -date and time
日用品, にちようひん -daily necessities
日課, にっか -daily lesson,daily work,daily routine
日程, にってい -agenda
鈍い, にぶい -dull (e.g. a knife),thickheaded,slow (opposite of fast),stupid
入社, にゅうしゃ -entry to a company
女房, にょうぼう -wife
睨む, にらむ -to glare at,to scowl at,to keep an eye on
煮る, にる -to boil,to cook
俄, にわか -sudden,abrupt,unexpected,improvised,offhand
縫う, ぬう -to sew
濡らす, ぬらす -to wet,to soak,to dip
ねじ -(a) screw
捩る, ねじる -to twist
ネックレス -necklace
熱する, ねっする -to heat
寝間着, ねまき -sleep-wear,nightclothes,pyjamas,nightgown,nightdress
寝巻, ねまき -sleep-wear,nightclothes,pyjamas,nightgown,nightdress
狙い, ねらい -aim
狙う, ねらう -to aim at
年度, ねんど -year,fiscal year,school year,term
農産物, のうさんぶつ -agricultural produce
農村, のうそん -agricultural community,farm village,rural
濃度, のうど -concentration,brightness
農薬, のうやく -agricultural chemicals
能率, のうりつ -efficiency
のこぎり -saw
残らず, のこらず -all,entirely,completely,without exception
載せる, のせる -to place on (something),to take on board,to give a ride
覗く, のぞく -to peep in,to look in,to peek in,to stick out
延ばす, のばす -to lengthen,to stretch,to reach out,to grow (beard)
延びる, のびる -to be prolonged
上り, のぼり -up-train (going to Tokyo),ascent
上る, のぼる -to ascend,to go up,to climb
糊, のり -paste,starch
乗換, のりかえ -(n) transfer (trains, buses, etc.)
載る, のる -to appear (in print),to be recorded
鈍い, のろい -dull (e.g. a knife),thickheaded,slow (opposite of fast),stupid
のろのろ -slowly,sluggishly
呑気, のんき -carefree,optimistic,careless,reckless,heedless
灰色, はいいろ -grey,gray,ashen
俳句, はいく -haiku poetry
拝見, はいけん -(hum) (pol) seeing,look at
売店, ばいてん -shop,stand
バイバイ -
売買, ばいばい -trade,buying and selling
這う, はう -to creep,to crawl
生える, はえる -(1) to grow,to spring up,(2) to cut (teeth)
剥す, はがす -(v5s) to tear off,to peel off,to rip off
ばからしい -absurd
秤, はかり -scales,weighing machine
量る, はかる -to measure,to weigh,to survey
測る, はかる -to measure,to weigh,to survey
吐き気, はきけ -nausea,sickness in the stomach
はきはき -lucidly
掃く, はく -to sweep,to brush,to gather up
歯車, はぐるま -gear,cog-wheel
バケツ -bucket,pail
挟まる, はさまる -to get between,to be caught in
挟む, はさむ -to interpose,to hold between,to insert
箸, はし -chopsticks
梯子, はしご -ladder,stairs
始めに, はじめに -to begin with,first of all
初めに, はじめに -
はじめまして -How do you do?,I am glad to meet you
斜, はす -
外れる, はずれる -to be disconnected,to get out of place,to be off,to be out (e.g. of gear)
パターン -pattern
肌着, はだぎ -underwear
果して, はたして -as was expected,really
鉢, はち -a bowl,a pot
×, ばつ -
発揮, はっき -exhibition,demonstration,utilization,display
バック -back
発射, はっしゃ -firing,shooting,discharge,catapult
発想, はっそう -expression (music),conceptualization
発電, はつでん -generation (e.g. power)
発売, はつばい -sale
派手, はで -showy,loud,gay,flashy,gaudy
話合い, はなしあい -discussion,conference
話し掛ける, はなしかける -to accost a person,to talk (to someone)
話中, はなしちゅう -while talking,the line is busy
甚だしい, はなはだしい -extreme,excessive,terrible
花火, はなび -fireworks
花嫁, はなよめ -bride
放れる, はなれる -to leave,to get free,to cut oneself off
羽根, はね -shuttlecock
ばね -spring (e.g. coil, leaf)
跳ねる, はねる -to jump,to leap
破片, はへん -fragment,splinter,broken piece
歯磨き, はみがき -dentifrice,toothpaste
はめる -(col) to get in,to insert,to put on,to make love
早口, はやくち -fast-talking
流行る, はやる -to flourish,to thrive,to be popular,to come into fashion
払い込む, はらいこむ -to deposit,to pay in
払い戻す, はらいもどす -to repay,to pay back
バランス -balance
針金, はりがね -wire
張り切る, はりきる -to be in high spirits,to be full of vigor
反映, はんえい -reflection,influence
半径, はんけい -radius
判子, はんこ -seal (used for signature)
万歳, ばんざい -hurrah, cheers
判事, はんじ -judge,judiciary
反省, はんせい -reflection,reconsideration,introspection,meditation,contemplation
番地, ばんち -house number,address
パンツ -underpants
バンド -band
半島, はんとう -peninsula
ハンドル -handle,steering wheel
日当たり, ひあたり -exposure to the sun,sunny place
日帰り, ひがえり -day trip
比較的, ひかくてき -comparatively,relatively
日陰, ひかげ -shadow
ぴかぴか -glitter,sparkle
引受る, ひきうける -to undertake,to take up,to take over
引返す, ひきかえす -to repeat,to send back,to bring back
引算, ひきざん -subtraction
引出す, ひきだす -to pull out,to take out,to draw out,to withdraw
引き止める, ひきとめる -to detain,to check,to restrain
卑怯, ひきょう -cowardice,meanness,unfairness
引分け, ひきわけ -a draw (in competition),tie game
髭, ひげ -moustache,beard,whiskers
陽射, ひざし -sunlight,rays of the sun
肘, ひじ -elbow
ピストル -pistol
ビタミン -vitamin
ぴたり -
引っ掛かる, ひっかかる -to be caught in,to be stuck in,to be cheated
筆記, ひっき -(taking) notes,copying
引っ繰り返す, ひっくりかえす -to turn over,to overturn,to knock over,to upset,to turn inside out
引っ繰り返る, ひっくりかえる -to be overturned,to be upset,to topple over,to be reversed
引越し, ひっこし -moving (dwelling etc.),changing residence
引っ込む, ひっこむ -to draw back,to sink,to cave in
筆者, ひっしゃ -writer,author
必需品, ひつじゅひん -necessities,necessary article,requisite,essential
人差指, ひとさしゆび -index finger
一通り, ひととおり -ordinary,usual,in general,briefly
人通り, ひとどおり -pedestrian traffic
ひとまず -for the present,once,in outline
瞳, ひとみ -pupil (of eye)
一休み, ひとやすみ -a rest
独り言, ひとりごと -a soliloquy,a monologue,speaking to oneself
ひとりでに -by itself,automatically,naturally
ビニール -vinyl
皮肉, ひにく -cynicism,sarcasm
日日, ひにち -every day,daily,day after day
捻る, ひねる -to turn (a switch) on or off,to twist,to puzzle over
日の入り, ひのいり -sunset
日の出, ひので -sunrise
響き, ひびき -echo,sound,reverberation,noise
響く, ひびく -to resound
皮膚, ひふ -skin
冷やす, ひやす -to cool,to refrigerate
ひゃっかじてん -encyclopedia
美容, びよう -beauty of figure or form
表紙, ひょうし -front cover,binding
標識, ひょうしき -sign,mark
標準, ひょうじゅん -standard,level
標本, ひょうほん -example,specimen
評論, ひょうろん -criticism,critique
平仮名, ひらがな -hiragana,47 syllables,the cursive syllabary
ビルディング -building
昼寝, ひるね -nap (at home),siesta
広げる, ひろげる -to spread,to extend,to expand,to enlarge
広さ, ひろさ -extent
広場, ひろば -plaza
広々, ひろびろ -extensive,spacious
広める, ひろめる -to broaden,to propagate
ピンク -pink
便箋, びんせん -writing paper,stationery
瓶詰, びんづめ -bottling,bottled
ファスナー -fastener,zipper
風船, ふうせん -balloon
不運, ふうん -unlucky,misfortune,bad luck,fate
殖える, ふえる -to increase,to multiply
深まる, ふかまる -to deepen,to heighten,to intensify
不規則, ふきそく -irregularity,unsteadiness,disorderly
普及, ふきゅう -diffusion,spread
付近, ふきん -neighbourhood,vicinity,environs
拭く, ふく -to wipe,to dry
副詞, ふくし -adverb
複写, ふくしゃ -copy,duplicate
複数, ふくすう -plural,multiple
含める, ふくめる -to include,to instruct,to make one understand
膨らます, ふくらます -to swell,to expand,to inflate,to bulge
膨らむ, ふくらむ -to expand,to swell (out),to get big,to become inflated
不潔, ふけつ -unclean,dirty,filthy,impure
更ける, ふける -to get late,to advance,to wear on
符号, ふごう -sign,mark,symbol
夫妻, ふさい -man and wife,married couple
塞がる, ふさがる -to be plugged up,to be shut up
塞ぐ, ふさぐ -to stop up,to close up,to block (up)
ふざける -to romp,to gambol,to frolic,to joke
無沙汰, ぶさた -neglecting to stay in contact
武士, ぶし -warrior,samurai
部首, ぶしゅ -radical (of a kanji character)
襖, ふすま -sliding screen
附属, ふぞく -attached,belonging,affiliated
蓋, ふた -cover,lid,cap
不通, ふつう -suspension,interruption,stoppage,tie-up,cessation
ぶつかる -to strike,to collide with
ぶつける -to knock,to run into,to nail on,to strike hard,to hit and attack
物騒, ぶっそう -dangerous,disturbed,insecure
ぶつぶつ -grumbling,complaining in a small voice
船便, ふなびん -surface mail (ship)
部品, ぶひん -parts,accessories
吹雪, ふぶき -snow storm
父母, ふぼ -father and mother,parents
踏切, ふみきり -railway crossing,level crossing,starting line,scratch,crossover
麓, ふもと -the foot,the bottom,the base (of a mountain)
増やす, ふやす -to increase,to add to,to augment
殖やす, ふやす -to increase,to add to,to augment
フライパン -fry pan,frying pan
ブラウス -blouse
ぶらさげる -to hang,to suspend,to dangle,to swing
ブラシ -brushy,brush
プラスチック -plastic
プラットホーム -platform
フリー -free
振り仮名, ふりがな -,pronunciation key
プリント -print,handout
振舞う, ふるまう -to behave,to conduct oneself,to entertain (vt)
ブローチ -brooch
プログラム -program
風呂敷, ふろしき -wrapping cloth,cloth wrapper
ふわふわ -light,soft
噴火, ふんか -eruption
分解, ぶんかい -analysis,disassembly
文芸, ぶんげい -literature,art and literature,belles-lettres
文献, ぶんけん -literature,books (reference)
噴水, ふんすい -water fountain
分数, ぶんすう -fraction (in math)
文体, ぶんたい -literary style
分布, ぶんぷ -distribution
文房具, ぶんぼうぐ -stationery
文脈, ぶんみゃく -context
分量, ぶんりょう -amount,quantity
分類, ぶんるい -classification
閉会, へいかい -closure
平気, へいき -coolness,calmness,composure,unconcern
並行, へいこう -(going) side by side,concurrent,abreast,at the same time
平日, へいじつ -weekday,ordinary days
兵隊, へいたい -soldier,sailor
平凡, へいぼん -common,commonplace,ordinary,mediocre
平野, へいや -plain,open field
凹む, へこむ -to be dented,to be indented,to yield to,to give,to sink,to collapse,to cave in,to be snubbed
へそ -navel,belly-button
隔てる, へだてる -to be shut out
別荘, べっそう -holiday house,villa
別々, べつべつ -separately,individually
ベテラン -veteran
ヘリコプター -helicopter
へる -to decrease (in size or number),to diminish,to abate
ぺん -pen
編集, へんしゅう -editing,compilation,editorial (e.g. committee)
便所, べんじょ -toilet,lavatory,rest room,latrine,comfort station
ペンチ -(abbr) pliers (lit: pinchers)
望遠鏡, ぼうえんきょう -telescope
方角, ほうがく -direction,way,compass point
箒, ほうき -(n) broom
方言, ほうげん -dialect
坊さん, ぼうさん -Buddhist priest,monk
防止, ぼうし -prevention,check
方針, ほうしん -objective,plan,policy
包装, ほうそう -packing,wrapping
法則, ほうそく -law,rule
包帯, ほうたい -bandage,dressing
膨大, ぼうだい -huge,bulky,enormous,extensive,swelling,expansion
庖丁, ほうちょう -kitchen knife,carving knife
方程式, ほうていしき -equation
防犯, ぼうはん -prevention of crime
方面, ほうめん -direction,district,field (e.g., of study)
坊や, ぼうや -boy
放る, ほうる -to let go
ボーナス -bonus
朗らか, ほがらか -brightness,cheerfulness,melodious
牧場, ぼくじょう -(1) farm (livestock),(2) pasture land,meadow,grazing land
牧畜, ぼくちく -stock-farming
保健, ほけん -health preservation,hygiene,sanitation
募集, ぼしゅう -recruiting,taking applications
干す, ほす -to air,to dry,to desiccate,to drain (off),to drink up
ポスター -poster
北極, ほっきょく -North Pole
坊っちゃん, ぼっちゃん -son (of others)
ほどく -to unfasten
堀, ほり -moat,canal
掘る, ほる -to dig,to excavate
彫る, ほる -to carve,to engrave,to sculpture,to chisel
ぼろ -rag,scrap,tattered clothes,fault (esp. in a pretense)
盆, ぼん -Lantern Festival,Festival of the Dead,tray
盆地, ぼんち -basin (e.g. between mountains)
本部, ほんぶ -headquarters
本来, ほんらい -essentially,naturally,by nature
まあまあ -so-so
枚数, まいすう -the number of flat things
毎度, まいど -each time,common service-sector greeting
マイナス -minus
巻く, まく -to wind,to coil,to roll
蒔く, まく -to sow (seeds)
撒く, まく -to scatter,to sprinkle,to sow
枕, まくら -pillow,bolster
曲げる, まげる -to bend,to crook,to lean
まごまご -confused
摩擦, まさつ -friction,rubbing,rubdown,chafe
混ざる, まざる -to be mixed,to be blended with,to associate with,to mingle with,to join
交ざる, まざる -to be mixed,to be blended with,to associate with,to mingle with,to join
混じる, まじる -to be mixed,to be blended with,to associate with
交じる, まじる -to be mixed,to be blended with,to associate with
マスク -mask
混ぜる, まぜる -to mix,to stir
交ぜる, まぜる -to be mixed,to be blended with
またぐ -to straddle
又は, または -or,otherwise
待合室, まちあいしつ -waiting room
待ち合わせる, まちあわせる -to rendezvous,to meet at a prearranged place and time
街角, まちかど -street corner
真っ暗, まっくら -total darkness,shortsightedness,pitch dark
真っ黒, まっくろ -pitch black
真っ青, まっさお -deep blue,ghastly pale
真っ先, まっさき -the head,the foremost,beginning
真っ白, まっしろ -pure white
祭る, まつる -to deify,to enshrine
窓口, まどぐち -ticket window
纏まる, まとまる -to be collected,to be settled,to be in order
纏める, まとめる -to put in order,to collect,to bring to a conclusion
真似る, まねる -to mimic,to imitate
まぶしい -dazzling,radiant
まぶた -eyelids
マフラー -muffler,scarf
間も無く, まもなく -soon,before long,in a short time
マラソン -marathon
円い, まるい -round,circular,spherical
稀, まれ -rare,seldom
回り道, まわりみち -detour
満員, まんいん -full house,no vacancy,sold out
マンション -large apartment,apartment house
満点, まんてん -perfect score
見送る, みおくる -(1) to see off,to farewell,(2) to escort,(3) to let pass
見下ろす, みおろす -to overlook,to command a view of,to look down on something
見掛け, みかけ -outward appearance
三日月, みかづき -new moon,crescent moon
岬, みさき -cape (on coast)
みじめ -(arch) sad,pitiful,wretched
ミシン -sewing machine
店屋, みせや -store,shop
見出し, みだし -heading,caption,subtitle,index
道順, みちじゅん -itinerary,route
見付かる, みつかる -to be found,to be discovered
見付ける, みつける -to be familiar,to discover,to detect
みっともない -shameful,indecent
見直す, みなおす -to look again,to get a better opinion of
見慣れる, みなれる -to become used to seeing,to be familiar with
醜い, みにくい -ugly
実る, みのる -to bear fruit,to ripen
身分, みぶん -social position,social status
見本, みほん -sample
見舞う, みまう -to ask after (health),to visit
未満, みまん -less than,insufficient
名字, みょうじ -surname,family name
ミリ, （メートル） -milli-,10^-3
診る, みる -to examine (medical)
民間, みんかん -private,civilian,civil,popular,folk,unofficial
民謡, みんよう -folk song,popular song
向う, むかう -(v5u) to face,to go towards
剥く, むく -to peel,to skin,to pare,to hull
無限, むげん -infinite
無地, むじ -plain,unfigured
蒸し暑い, むしあつい -humid,sultry
矛盾, むじゅん -contradiction,inconsistency
蒸す, むす -to steam,to poultice,to be sultry
無数, むすう -countless number,infinite number
紫, むらさき -purple colour,violet
群れ, むれ -group,crowd,flock,herd
姪, めい -niece
名作, めいさく -masterpiece
名刺, めいし -business card
名詞, めいし -noun
名所, めいしょ -famous place
命ずる, めいずる -to command,to appoint
迷信, めいしん -superstition
名物, めいぶつ -famous product,special product,speciality
銘々, めいめい -each,individual
目上, めうえ -superior(s),senior
メーター -meter (clock)
恵まれる, めぐまれる -to be blessed with,to be rich in
巡る, めぐる -to go around
目指す, めざす -to aim at,to have an eye on
目覚し, めざまし -(abbr) alarm-clock
目下, めした -at present,now
目印, めじるし -mark,sign,landmark
目立つ, めだつ -to be conspicuous,to stand out
めちゃくちゃ -absurd,unreasonable,excessive,messed up,spoiled,wreaked
めっきり -remarkably
めでたい -happy,simple soul,propitious,joyous
メニュー -menu
めまい -dizziness,giddiness
目安, めやす -criterion,aim
免税, めんぜい -tax exemption,duty exemption
面積, めんせき -area
面接, めんせつ -interview
面倒臭い, めんどうくさい -bother to do,tiresome
儲かる, もうかる -to be profitable,to yield a profit
儲ける, もうける -to get,to earn,to gain,to have (bear, beget) a child
申し訳ない, もうしわけない -inexcusable
モーター -motor
木材, もくざい -lumber,timber,wood
目次, もくじ -table of contents
潜る, もぐる -(1) to drive,to pass through,(2) to evade,to hide,(3) to dive (into or under water),to go undergroun
もしかしたら -perhaps,maybe,by some chance
もしかすると -perhaps,maybe,by some chance
もたれる -to lean against,to lean on,to recline on,to lie heavy (on the stomach)
モダン -modern
餅, もち -sticky rice cake
もったいない -too good,more than one deserves,wasteful,sacrilegious,unworthy of
モデル -model
元々, もともと -originally,by nature,from the start
物置, ものおき -storage room
物語る, ものがたる -to tell,to indicate
物差し, ものさし -ruler,measure
物凄い, ものすごい -earth-shattering,staggering,to a very great extent
モノレール -monorail
紅葉, もみじ -(1) (Japanese) maple
揉む, もむ -to rub,to crumple (up),to wrinkle
燃やす, もやす -to burn
催し, もよおし -event,festivities,function
盛る, もる -(1) to serve (food, etc.),(2) to fill up,(3) to prescribe
問答, もんどう -questions and answers,dialogue
やかましい -(1) noisy,(2) strict,fussy
夜間, やかん -at night,nighttime
薬缶, やかん -kettle
役者, やくしゃ -actor,actress
役所, やくしょ -government office,public office
訳す, やくす -to translate
役人, やくにん -government official
薬品, やくひん -medicine(s),chemical(s)
役目, やくめ -duty,business
火傷, やけど -burn,scald
夜行, やこう -walking around at night,night train,night travel
矢印, やじるし -directing arrow
やたらに -randomly,recklessly,blindly
薬局, やっきょく -pharmacy,drugstore
やっつける -to attack (an enemy),to beat,to do away with,to finish off
家主, やぬし -landlord
やっぱり -also,as I thought,still,in spite of,absolutely,of course
破く, やぶく -
破れる, やぶれる -to get torn,to wear out
やむをえない -cannot be helped,unavoidable
軟らかい, やわらかい -soft,tender,limp
遊園地, ゆうえんち -amusement park
夕刊, ゆうかん -evening paper
友好, ゆうこう -friendship
郵送, ゆうそう -mailing
夕立, ゆうだち -(sudden) evening shower (rain)
夕日, ゆうひ -(in) the evening sun,setting sun
悠々, ゆうゆう -quiet,calm,leisurely
有料, ゆうりょう -admission-paid,toll
浴衣, ゆかた -bathrobe,informal summer kimono,yukata
湯気, ゆげ -steam,vapour
輸血, ゆけつ -blood transfusion
輸送, ゆそう -transport,transportation
油断, ゆだん -negligence,unpreparedness
ゆでる -to boil
湯飲み, ゆのみ -teacup
緩い, ゆるい -loose,lenient,slow
溶岩, ようがん -lava
容器, ようき -container,vessel
用語, ようご -term,terminology
要旨, ようし -gist,essentials,summary,fundamentals
幼児, ようじ -infant,baby,child
容積, ようせき -capacity,volume
幼稚, ようち -infancy,childish,infantile
幼稚園, ようちえん -kindergarten
用途, ようと -use,usefulness
洋品店, ようひんてん -shop which handles Western-style apparel and accessories
養分, ようぶん -nourishment,nutrient
羊毛, ようもう -wool
漸く, ようやく -gradually,finally,hardly
要領, ようりょう -point,gist,essentials,outline
欲張り, よくばり -avarice,covetousness,greed
余計, よけい -too much,unnecessary,abundance,surplus,excess,superfluity
よこす -(1) to send,to forward,(2) to hand over (e.g. money)
汚す, よごす -(1) to disgrace,to dishonour,(2) to pollute,to contaminate,to soil,to make dirty,to stain
寄せる, よせる -to collect,to gather,to add,to put aside
余所, よそ -another place,somewhere else,strange parts
四つ角, よつかど -four corners,crossroads
酔っ払い, よっぱらい -drunkard
予備, よび -preparation,preliminaries,reserve,spare
呼び掛ける, よびかける -to call out to,to accost,to address (crowd),to appeal
呼び出す, よびだす -to summon,to call (e.g. phone)
蘇る, よみがえる -to be resurrected,to be revived,to be resuscitated,to be rehabilitated
因る, よる -to come from
慶び, よろこび -(n) (a) joy,(a) delight,rapture,pleasure,gratification,rejoicing,congratulations,felicitations
慶ぶ, よろこぶ -
来日, らいにち -arrival in Japan,coming to Japan,visit to Japan
落第, らくだい -failure,dropping out of a class
ラッシュアワー -rush hour
欄, らん -column of text (e.g. as in a newspaper)
ランチ -launch,lunch
ランニング -(1) running,(2) tank top
乱暴, らんぼう -rude,violent,rough,lawless,unreasonable,reckless
理科, りか -science
利害, りがい -advantages and disadvantages,interest
リズム -rhythm
リットル -litre
リボン -ribbon
略す, りゃくす -to abbreviate
流域, りゅういき -(river) basin
寮, りょう -hostel,dormitory
両側, りょうがわ -both sides
漁師, りょうし -fisherman
領事, りょうじ -consul
領収, りょうしゅう -receipt,voucher
臨時, りんじ -temporary,special,extraordinary
留守番, るすばん -care-taking,caretaker,house-watching
例外, れいがい -exception
零点, れいてん -zero,no marks
冷凍, れいとう -freezing,cold storage,refrigeration
レインコート -raincoat
レクリェーション -recreation
レジャー -leisure
列島, れっとう -chain of islands
レベル -level
リポート -report,paper
煉瓦, れんが -brick
連合, れんごう -union,alliance
レンズ -lens
蝋燭, ろうそく -candle
録音, ろくおん -(audio) recording
ロッカー -locker
ロビー -lobby
論ずる, ろんずる -to argue,to discuss,to debate
和英, わえい -Japanese-English
分かる, わかる -to be understood
分かれる, わかれる -to branch off,to diverge from,to fork,to split,to dispense,to scatter,to divide into
若々しい, わかわかしい -youthful,young
湧く, わく -to boil,to grow hot,to get excited,to gush forth
詫びる, わびる -to apologize
和服, わふく -Japanese clothes
わりあいに -comparatively
割算, わりざん -division (math)
割と, わりと -relatively, comparitively
割引, わりびき -discount,reduction,rebate
椀, わん -Japanese soup bowl,wooden bowl
碗, わん -bowl
ワンピース -one-piece dress
愛, あい -love
愛情, あいじょう -love, affection
合図, あいず -sign, signal
愛する, あいする -to love
相手, あいて -companion, partner, company
あいにく -unfortunately, Sorry, but....
明かり, あかり -lamplight, light (in general),brightness
空き, あき -room, time to spare, emptiness
明らか, あきらか -obvious, evident, clear
諦める, あきらめる -to give up, to abandon
飽きる, あきる -to get tired of, to lose interest in, to have enough
握手, あくしゅ -handshake
悪魔, あくま -devil, demon, evil spirit
明ける, あける -to dawn, to become daylight
預ける, あずける -to give into custody, to entrust, to deposit
汗, あせ -sweat, perspiration
与える, あたえる -to give, to present, to award
暖かい, あたたか(い) -warm, mild
辺り, あたり -vicinity, nearby
当たる, あたる -to be hit, to be successful, to be equivalent to
あちこち -here and there
あっ -Ah!, Oh!
扱う, あつかう -to handle, to deal with, to treat
集まり, あつまり -gathering, meeting, assembly, collection
当てる, あてる -to hit, to apply a patch
跡, あと -(1) trace, tracks, mark, sign, (2) remains, ruins, (3) scar
穴, あな -hole
浴びる, あびる -to bathe, to bask in the sun, to shower
油, あぶら -oil
余り, あまり -not very (used as adverb),not much
誤り, あやまり -error
粗い, あらい -Coarse
嵐, あらし -storm, tempest
新た, あらた -new, fresh, novel
あらゆる -all, every
表す, あらわす -to express, to show, to reveal
現す, あらわす -to show, to indicate, to display
現れ, あらわれ -embodiment, materialization
現れる, あらわれる -(1) to appear, to come in sight, to become visible,(2) to express oneself
ありがとう -(conj,exp,int) Thank you
有る, ある -to be, to have(used for inanimate objects)
或, ある -a certain...,some...
あるいは -or, possibly
泡, あわ -bubble, foam, froth, head on beer
合わせる, あわせる -to join together, to be opposite, to face, to unite
哀れ, あわれ -helpless, pity, sorrow, grief
案, あん -plan, suffix meaning draft
暗記, あんき -memorization, learning by heart
安定, あんてい -stability, equilibrium
案内, あんないする -information, guidance, leading, to guide
あんなに -to that extent, to that degree
あんまり -not very, not much, remainder, rest
胃, い -stomach
委員, いいん -committee member
いえ, いえ -same as いいえ in spoken
意外, いがい -unexpected, surprising
息, いき -breath, tone
行き, いき / ゆき -going,
勢い, いきおい -force, vigour, energy, spirit
生き物, いきもの -living thing, animal
幾つ, いくつ -how many?, how old?
幾ら, いくら -how much?,
いけない -must not do, bad, wrong, not good
医師, いし -doctor, physician
意思, いし -mind, intention
意志, いし -will, volition
維持, いじ -maintenance, preservation
意識, いしき -consciousness, senses
異常, いじょう -strangeness, abnormality, disorder
椅子, いす -chair
泉, いずみ -spring, fountain
いずれ -which, either, one
以前, いぜん -ago since, before, previous
板, いた -board, plank
偉大, いだい -greatness
抱く, いだく -(sl) to embrace, to hug, to harbour, to entertain
いたずら -tease, prank, trick, practical joke
いただきます -expression of gratitude before meals
頂く, いただく -to receive, to take food or drink (hum)
痛み, いたみ -pain, ache, sore, grief, distress
至る, いたる -to come, to arrive
市, いち -market, fair
位置, いち -place, situation, position, location
一時, いちじ -moment, time
一度に, いちどに -all at once
市場, いちば -(the) market (as a concept)
一番, いちばん -best, first, number one
一家, いっか -a house, a home, a family, a household
いつか -sometime, someday, one day
一種, いっしゅ -a species, a kind, a variety
一瞬, いっしゅん -a moment, an instant
一生, いっしょう -whole life, a lifetime, all through life
一層, いっそう -much more, still more, all the more
一体, いったい -(1) one object, one body,(2) what on earth?, really?,(3) generally
一致, いっち -(1) coincidence, agreement,(2) conformity
いつでも -(at) any time, always, at all times, never (neg)
一般, いっぱん -general, liberal, universal, ordinary, average
一方, いっぽう -(1) on the other hand,(2) meanwhile,(3) only, simple, in turn
いつまでも -forever, for good, eternally, as long as one likes, indefinitely
いつも -always, usually, every time, never (with neg. verb)
移動, いどう -removal, migration, movement
従兄弟, いとこ -cousin (male)
稲, いね -rice-plant
居眠り, いねむり -dozing, nodding off
命, いのち -,life, destiny
違反, いはん -violation (of law),transgression, infringement, breach
衣服, いふく -clothes
居間, いま -living room (western style)
今に, いまに -before long, even now
今にも, いまにも -at any time, soon
否, いや -no, the nose
以来, いらい -since, henceforth
依頼, いらい -(1) request, commission, dispatch,(2) dependence, trust
いらいら -getting nervous, irritation
いらっしゃい -welcome
医療, いりょう -medical care, medical treatment
岩, いわ -rock, crag
祝い, いわい -celebration, festival
祝う, いわう -to congratulate, to celebrate
言わば, いわば -so to speak
いわゆる -the so-called, so to speak
印刷, いんさつ -printing
印象, いんしょう -impression
引退, いんたい -retire
引用, いんよう -quotation, citation
魚, うお -fish
うがい -gargle, rinse mouth
伺う, うかがう -(hon) to visit, to ask, to inquire
受け取る, うけとる -to receive, to get, to accept, to take
動かす, うごかす -to move, to shift
兎, うさぎ -rabbit, hare
牛, うし -cattle, cow
失う, うしなう -to lose, to part with
後ろ, うしろ -afterwards, since then, in the future, behind
嘘, うそ -lie, falsehood, incorrect fact, inappropriate
疑う, うたがう -to doubt, to distrust, to be suspicious of, to suspect
内, うち -inside
宇宙, うちゅう -universe, cosmos, space
撃つ, うつ -to attack, to defeat, to destroy
移す, うつす -to remove, to transfer, to infect
訴える, うったえる -to sue (a person),to resort to, to appeal to
うなる -to groan, to moan
奪う, うばう -to snatch away
馬, うま -(1) horse,(2) promoted bishop (shogi)
うまい, うまい -be good at, delicious (spoken)
生まれ, うまれ -birth, birth-place
梅, うめ -plum, plum-tree, lowest (of a three-tier ranking system)
裏切る, うらぎる -to betray, to turn traitor to, to double-cross
得る, うる -to get, to gain, to win
嬉しい, うれしい -happy, glad, pleasant
売れる, うれる -to be sold
噂, うわさ -rumour, report, gossip, common talk
運, うん -fortune, luck
運転, うんてんする -operation, motion, driving, to drive
運動, うんどうする -motion, exercise, to exercise
柄, え -handle, grip
永遠, えいえん -eternity, perpetuity, immortality, permanence
永久, えいきゅう -eternity ,perpetuity, immortality
影響, えいきょう -influence, effect
営業, えいぎょう -business, trade, management
衛星, えいせい -satellite
栄養, えいよう -nutrition, nourishment
笑顔, えがお -smiling face
描く, えがく -to draw, to paint, to sketch, to depict, to describe
餌, えさ -feed, bait
得る, える -to get, to gain, to win
円, えん -circle, money
縁, えん -relation, connection, ties, fate
延期, えんき -postponement, adjournment
演技, えんぎ -acting, performance
援助, えんじょ -assistance, aid, support
演説, えんぜつ -speech, address
演奏, えんそう -musical performance
遠慮, えんりょ -diffidence, restraint, reserve
御, お -honourable
老い, おい -old age, old person, the old, the aged
追い付く, おいつく -to overtake, to catch up (with)
王, おう -king, ruler, sovereign, monarch
追う, おう -to chase, to run after
王様, おうさま -king
王子, おうじ -prince
応じる, おうじる -to respond, to satisfy, to accept, to comply with, to apply for
横断, おうだん -crossing
終える, おえる -to finish
大いに, おおいに -very, much, greatly
覆う, おおう -to cover, to hide, to conceal, to wrap, to disguise
大家, おおや -rich family, distinguished family
丘, おか -hill, height, knoll, rising ground
沖, おき -open sea
奥, おく -interior, inner part
贈る, おくる -to send, to give to, to award to, to confer on
起こる, おこる -to occur, to happen
幼い, おさない -very young, childish
収める, おさめる -to obtain, to reap, to pay, to supply, to accept
おしゃべり -chattering, talk, idle talk
汚染, おせん -pollution, contamination
おそらく -perhaps
恐れる, おそれる -to fear, to be afraid of
恐ろしい, おそろしい -terrible, dreadful
お互い, おたがい -mutual, reciprocal, each other
穏やか, おだやか -calm, gentle, quiet
男の人, おとこのひと -man
劣る, おとる -to fall behind, to be inferior to
お腹, おなか -stomach, tummy
鬼, おに -ogre, demon, it (i.e., in a game of tag)
帯, おび -band (e.g. conduction, valence)
お昼, おひる -lunch, noon
溺れる, おぼれる -to be drowned, to indulge in
おまえ -(fam) you (sing)
おめでとう -Congratulations!, an auspicious occasion!
思い出, おもいで -memories, recollections, reminiscence
主に, おもに -mainly, primarily
思わず, おもわず -unintentional, spontaneous
泳ぎ, およぎ -swimming
およそ -about, roughly, as a rule, approximately
及ぼす, およぼす -to exert, to cause, to exercise
居る, おる -to be (animate),to be, to exist
下す, おろす -to lower, to let go down
降ろす, おろす -to take down, to launch, to drop
音, おん -sound, note
恩, おん -favour, obligation, debt of gratitude
温暖, おんだん -warmth
温度, おんど -temperature
可, か -passable
課, か -counter for chapters (of a book) section
会, かい -meeting, assembly, party, association, club
回, かい -counter for occurrences
害, がい -injury, harm, evil influence, damage
会員, かいいん -member, the membership
絵画, かいが -picture, paintings
海外, かいがい -foreign, abroad, overseas
会計, かいけい -account, finance, accountant
解決, かいけつ -settlement, solution, resolution
会合, かいごう -meeting, assembly
外交, がいこう -diplomacy
開始, かいし -start, commencement, beginning
解釈, かいしゃく -explanation, interpretation
外出, がいしゅつ -outing, going out
改善, かいぜん -betterment, improvement
快適, かいてき -pleasant, agreeable, comfortable
回復, かいふく -recovery (from illness),improvement, rehabilitation, restoration
飼う, かう -to keep, to raise, to feed
替える / 換える, かえる -to exchange, to interchange, to substitute, to replace
香り, かおり -aroma, fragrance, scent, smell
画家, がか -painter, artist
抱える, かかえる -to hold or carry under or in the arms
価格, かかく -price, value, cost
化学, かがく -chemistry
輝く, かがやく -to shine, to glitter, to sparkle
係, かかり -official, duty, person in charge
掛かる, かかる -to take (e.g. time, money, etc),to hang
罹る, かかる -to suffer from
鍵, かぎ -key
限る, かぎる -to restrict,to limit,to confine
描く, かく -to draw,to paint,to sketch,to depict,to describe
家具, かぐ -furniture
学, がく -learning,scholarship,erudition,knowledge
額, がく -picture frame
覚悟, かくご -resolution, resignation, readiness, preparedness
確実, かくじつ -certainty, reliability, soundness
学者, がくしゃ -scholar
学習, がくしゅう -study,learning
隠す, かくす -to hide,to conceal
拡大, かくだい -magnification, enlargement
確認, かくにん -affirmation, confirmation
学問, がくもん -scholarship, study, learning
隠れる, かくれる -to hide, to be hidden, to conceal oneself, to disappear
影, かげ -shade, shadow, other side
陰, かげ -shade,shadow,other side
欠ける, かける -to be lacking
加減, かげん -addition and subtraction,allowance for
過去, かこ -the past,bygone days,the previous
籠, かご -basket,cage
囲む, かこむ -to surround,to encircle
火災, かさい -conflagration,fire
菓子, かし -pastry
家事, かじ -housework,domestic chores
賢い, かしこい -wise,clever,smart
歌手, かしゅ -singer
数, かず -number,figure
稼ぐ, かせぐ -to earn income,to labor
数える, かぞえる -to count
型, かた -mold,model,style,shape,data-type
肩, かた -shoulder
硬い, かたい -solid,hard (esp. metal, stone),unpolished writing
方々, かたがた -persons,this and that,here and there,everywhere
計, かたち -shape, form
刀, かたな -sword,saber,knife,engraving tool
語る, かたる -to talk,to tell,to recite
勝ち, かち -win,victory
価値, かち -value,worth,merit
がっかり -feel disappointed,be dejected,lose heart
活気, かっき -energy,liveliness
学期, がっき -term (school)
格好, かっこう -shape,form,posture,suitability,appearance
活動, かつどう -action,activity
活用, かつよう -conjugation,practical use
悲しむ, かなしむ -to be sad,to mourn for,to regret
必ずしも, かならずしも -(not) always,(not) necessarily,(not) all,(not) entirely
かなり -considerably,fairly,quite
金, かね -(1) gold,(2) gold general (shogi) (abbr)
可能, かのう -possible,practicable,feasible
株, かぶ -share,stock,stump (of tree)
被る, かぶる -to put on , wear, cover (one's) head,
構う, かまう -to mind,to care about,to be concerned about
我慢, がまん -patience,endurance,perseverance
上, かみ -(1) first volume,(2) superior quality,(3) governmental
神, かみ -god
雷, かみなり -thunder
髪の毛, かみのけ -hair (head)
科目, かもく -(school) subject,curriculum,course
かもしれない -may,might,perhaps,may be,possibly
火曜, かよう -(abbr) Tuesday
空, から -empty
柄, がら -pattern
刈る, かる -to cut (hair),to mow (grass),to harvest
彼等, かれら -they (usually male)
川, かわ -river
河, かわ -river,stream
皮, かわ -skin,hide,leather,fur,pelt,bark,shell
革, かわ -leather
かわいそう -poor,pitiable,pathetic
かわいらしい -lovely,sweet
缶, かん -can,tin
勘, かん -perception,intuition,the sixth sense
考え, かんがえ -thinking,thought,ideas,intention
感覚, かんかく -sense,sensation
観客, かんきゃく -audience,spectator(s)
環境, かんきょう -environment,circumstance
歓迎, かんげい -welcome,reception
観光, かんこう -sightseeing
観察, かんさつ -observation,survey
感じ, かんじ -feeling,sense,impression
感謝, かんしゃ -thanks,gratitude
患者, かんじゃ -a patient
勘定, かんじょう -calculation,counting,consideration
感情, かんじょう -emotion(s),feeling(s),sentiment
感じる, かんじる -to feel,to sense,to experience
感心, かんしん -admiration,Well done!
関心, かんしん -concern,interest
関する, かんする -to concern,to be related
完成, かんせい -(1) complete,completion,(2) perfection,accomplishment
完全, かんぜん -perfection,completeness
感動, かんどう -being deeply moved,excitement,impression,deep emotion
監督, かんとく -supervision,control,superintendence
管理, かんり -control,management (e.g. of a business)
完了, かんりょう -completion,conclusion
関連, かんれん -relation,connection,relevance
議員, ぎいん -member of the Diet, congress or parliament
記憶, きおく -memory,recollection,remembrance
気温, きおん -temperature
機械, きかい -machine,mechanism
議会, ぎかい -Diet,congress,parliament
期間, きかん -period,term
機関, きかん -organ,mechanism,facility,engine
企業, きぎょう -enterprise,undertaking
効く, きく -to be effective
機嫌, きげん -humour,temper,mood
気候, きこう -climate
岸, きし -bank,coast,shore
生地, きじ -birthplace
記事, きじ -article,news story,report,account
技師, ぎし -engineer,technician
記者, きしゃ -reporter
傷, きず -wound,injury,hurt,cut
期待, きたい -expectation,anticipation,hope
帰宅, きたく -returning home
貴重, きちょう -precious,valuable
議長, ぎちょう -chairman
きちんと -precisely,accurately
きつい -tight,close,intense
気付く, きづく -to notice,to recognize,to become aware of
気に入る, きにいる -to be pleased with,to suit
記入, きにゅう -entry,filling in of forms
記念, きねん -commemoration,memory
機能, きのう -function,faculty
気の毒, きのどく -pitiful,a pity
寄付, きふ -contribution,donation
希望, きぼう -hope,wish,aspiration
基本, きほん -foundation,basis,standard
決まり, きまり -settlement,conclusion,regulation,rule
気味, きみ --like,-looking,-looked
奇妙, きみょう -strange,queer,curious
義務, ぎむ -duty,obligation,responsibility
疑問, ぎもん -question,problem,doubt,guess
逆, ぎゃく -reverse,opposite
旧, きゅう -ex-
級, きゅう -class, grade, rank,school class, grade
球, きゅう -globe,sphere,ball
九, きゅう / く -nine
休暇, きゅうか -holiday,day off,furlough
休憩, きゅうけい -rest,break,recess,intermission
急激, きゅうげき -sudden,precipitous,radical
吸収, きゅうしゅう -absorption,suction,attraction
救助, きゅうじょ -relief,aid,rescue
急速, きゅうそく -rapid (e.g. progress)
急に, きゅうに -suddenly
給料, きゅうりょう -salary,wages
器用, きよう -skillful,handy
教科書, きょうかしょ -text book
競技, きょうぎ -game,match,contest
行儀, ぎょうぎ -manners
供給, きょうきゅう -supply,provision
教師, きょうし -teacher (classroom)
教授, きょうじゅ -teaching,instruction,professor
強調, きょうちょう -emphasis,stress,stressed point
共通, きょうつう -commonness,community
共同, きょうどう -cooperation,association,collaboration,joint
恐怖, きょうふ -be afraid,dread,dismay,terror
協力, きょうりょく -cooperation,collaboration
強力, きょうりょく -herculean strength,mountain carrier-guide
さ, きょか -permission,approval
局, きょく -a bureau, department
極, きょく -a pole
巨大, きょだい -huge,gigantic,enormous
嫌う, きらう -to hate,to dislike,to loathe
霧, きり -fog,mist
切れ, きれ -cloth,piece,cut,chop
切れる, きれる -(1) to cut well,to be sharp,(2) to break (off)
キロ -(abbr) kilo-,kilogram,kilometre,10^3
記録, きろく -record,minutes,document
議論, ぎろん -argument,discussion,dispute
金, きん -(1) gold,(2) gold general (shogi) (abbr)
銀, ぎん -(1) silver,silver coin,silver paint
禁煙, きんえん -No Smoking!
金額, きんがく -amount of money
金庫, きんこ -safe,vault,treasury,provider of funds
禁止, きんし -prohibition,ban
金銭, きんせん -money,cash
金属, きんぞく -metal
近代, きんだい -modern ages
緊張, きんちょう -tension,mental strain,nervousness
筋肉, きんにく -muscle,sinew
金融, きんゆう -finance, monetary circulation,
金曜, きんよう -(abbr) Friday
九, く -nine
句, く -sentence
食う, くう -(male) (vulg) to eat
偶然, ぐうぜん -(by) chance,unexpectedly,suddenly
臭い, くさい -stink, smelly (bad)
鎖, くさり -chain
腐る, くさる -to rot,to go bad
癖, くせ -a habit (often a bad habit),peculiarity
管, くだ -pipe,tube
具体, ぐたい -concrete,tangible,material
下さる, くださる -(hon) to give,to confer
下り, くだり -down-train (going away from Tokyo)
苦痛, くつう -pain,agony
ぐっすり -sound asleep,fast asleep
区別, くべつ -distinction,differentiation,classification
組, くみ -class,group,team,set
組合, くみあい -association,union
組む, くむ -to put together
曇, くもり -cloudiness,cloudy weather,shadow
位, くらい -grade,rank,about
暮らし, くらし -living,livelihood,subsistence,circumstances
暮らす, くらす -to live,to get along
繰り返す, くりかえす -to repeat,to do something over again
狂う, くるう -to go mad,to get out of order
苦しい, くるしい -painful,difficult
苦しむ, くるしむ -to suffer,to groan,to be worried
暮れ, くれ -year end,sunset,nightfall,end
苦労, くろう -troubles,hardships
加える, くわえる -to append,to sum up,to add (up)
詳しい, くわしい -knowing very well,detailed,full,accurate
加わる, くわわる -to join in,to accede to,to increase,to gain in (influence)
訓, くん -native Japanese reading of a Chinese character
軍, ぐん -army,force,troops
軍隊, ぐんたい -army,troops
訓練, くんれん -practice,training
下, げ -under,below,beneath
敬意, けいい -respect,honour
経営, けいえい -management,administration
計画, けいかくする -plan,project,schedule,scheme,program,to plan
景気, けいき -business climate, condition,state
経験, けいけんする -experience, to experience
傾向, けいこう -tendency,trend,inclination
警告, けいこく -warning,advice
計算, けいさん -calculation,reckoning
掲示, けいじ -notice,bulletin
刑事, けいじ -a police detective
芸術, げいじゅつ -(fine) art,the arts
契約, けいやく -contract,compact,agreement
経由, けいゆ -go by the way,via
怪我, けがする -injury (to animate object),hurt, to injure
劇, げき -drama,play
劇場, げきじょう -theatre,playhouse
化粧, けしょう -make-up (cosmetic)
けち -stinginess,miser,miserliness
結果, けっか -result,consequence
欠陥, けっかん -defect,fault,deficiency
結局, けっきょく -after all,eventually
決心, けっしん -determination,resolution
欠席, けっせき -absence,non-attendance
決定, けってい -decision,determination
欠点, けってん -faults,defect,weakness
月曜, げつよう / げつようび -Monday
結論, けつろん -conclusion
煙, けむり -smoke,fumes
券, けん -ticket,coupon,bond,certificate
県, けん -prefecture
軒, けん -a couter for house
喧嘩, けんか -quarrel,(drunken) brawl,failure
見解, けんかい -opinion,point of view
限界, げんかい -limit,bound
現金, げんきん -cash,ready money,mercenary,
言語, げんご -language
健康, けんこう -health,sound,wholesome
検査, けんさ -inspection (e.g. customs, factory),examination
現在, げんざい -present,up to now,nowadays,modern times,current
現実, げんじつ -reality
現象, げんしょう -phenomenon
現状, げんじょう -present condition,existing state,status quo
建設, けんせつ -construction,establishment
現代, げんだい -nowadays,modern times,present-day
建築, けんちく -construction,architecture
見当, けんとう -be found,aim,estimate,guess,approx
検討, けんとう -consideration,examination,investigation,study,scrutiny
現場, げんば -actual spot,scene,scene of the crime
憲法, けんぽう -constitution
権利, けんり -right,privilege
後, ご -afterwards,since then,in the future
語, ご -suffix for language,word
恋, こい -love,tender passion
濃い, こい -thick (as of color, liquid),dense,strong
恋人, こいびと -lover,sweetheart
幸運, こううん -good luck,fortune
講演, こうえん -lecture,address
効果, こうか -effect,effectiveness,efficacy,result
硬貨, こうか -coin
高価, こうか -high price
豪華, ごうか -wonderful,gorgeous,splendor,pomp,extravagance
合格, ごうかく -success,passing (e.g. exam),eligibility
交換, こうかん -exchange,interchange,reciprocity
航空, こうくう -aviation,flying
光景, こうけい -scene,spectacle
合計, ごうけい -sum total,total amount
攻撃, こうげき -attack,strike,offensive,criticism,censure
貢献, こうけん -contribution,services
広告, こうこく -advertisement
交際, こうさい -company,friendship,association,society,acquaintance
後者, こうしゃ -the latter
構成, こうせい -organization,composition
高速, こうそく -high speed,high gear
行動, こうどう -action,conduct,behaviour,mobilization
強盗, ごうとう -robbery,burglary
幸福, こうふく -happiness,blessedness
公平, こうへい -fairness,impartial,justice
候補, こうほ -candidacy
考慮, こうりょ -consideration,taking into account
越える, こえる -to exceed,to cross over,to cross
氷, こおり -ice,hail
凍る, こおる -to freeze,to be frozen over,to congeal
誤解, ごかい -misunderstanding
語学, ごがく -language study
呼吸, こきゅう -breath,respiration
故郷, こきょう -home town,birthplace,old village,historic village
国語, こくご -national language
黒板, こくばん -blackboard
克服, こくふく -subjugation,conquest
国民, こくみん -national,people,citizen
穀物, こくもつ -grain,cereal,corn
ここ, ここ -here
腰, こし -hip
故障, こしょう -break-down,failure,accident,out of order
個人, こじん -individual,private person,personal,private
越す, こす -to go over (e.g. with audience)
国家, こっか -state,country,nation
国会, こっかい -National Diet,parliament,congress
国境, こっきょう -national or state border
骨折, こっせつ -bone fracture
小包, こづつみ -parcel,package
事, こと -thing,matter,fact,circumstances
異なる, ことなる -to differ,to vary,to disagree
諺, ことわざ -proverb,maxim
断る, ことわる -to refuse,to decline,to dismiss
粉, こな -flour,meal,powder
この, この -this
好み, このみ -liking,taste,choice
好む, このむ -to like,to prefer
塵, ごみ -dust,dirt rubbish
小麦, こむぎ -wheat
ごめんなさい -I beg your pardon,excuse me
小屋, こや -hut,cabin,shed,(animal) pen
これら -these
頃, ころ -time,about,toward,approximately (time)
殺す, ころす -to kill
転ぶ, ころぶ -to fall down,to fall over
今回, こんかい -now,this time,lately
今後, こんご -from now on,hereafter
混雑, こんざつ -congestion,
こんなに -so,like this,in this way
困難, こんなん -difficulty,distress
今日, こんにち -today,this day
こんにちは -hello,good day (daytime greeting, id)
婚約, こんやく -engagement,betrothal
混乱, こんらん -disorder,chaos,confusion,mayhem
差, さ -difference,variation
際, さい -on the occasion of,circumstances
最高, さいこう -highest,supreme,the most
財産, ざいさん -property,fortune,assets
最終, さいしゅう -last,final,closing
最中, さいちゅう -in the middle of
最低, さいてい -least,lowest,worst
才能, さいのう -talent,ability
裁判, さいばん -trial,judgement
材料, ざいりょう -ingredients,material
幸い, さいわい -happiness,blessedness
境, さかい -border,boundary,mental state
逆らう, さからう -to go against,to oppose,to disobey,to defy
盛り, さかり -the highest, the peak, prime
作業, さぎょう -work,operation,manufacturing,fatigue duty
作品, さくひん -work,opus,performance,production
作物, さくもつ -produce (e.g. agricultural),crops
桜, さくら -cherry blossom,cherry tree
酒, さけ -alcohol,sake
叫ぶ, さけぶ -to shout,to cry
避ける, さける -(1) to avoid (physical contact ),(2) to ward off,to avert
支える, ささえる -to support, to hold, maintain
指す, さす -to point,to put up umbrella,to play
座席, ざせき -seat
誘う, さそう -(1) to invite,to ask,(2) to tempt,to lure,to induce
札, さつ -(1) token,label,(2) ticket,(3) charm
作家, さっか -author,writer,novelist,artist
作曲, さっきょく -composition,setting (of music)
ざっと -roughly,in round numbers
さっぱり -feeling refreshed,feeling relieved,neat,trimmed
さて -well,now,then
砂漠, さばく -desert
差別, さべつ -discrimination,distinction,differentiation
作法, さほう -manners,etiquette,propriety
様々, さまざま -varied,various
覚ます, さます -to awaken
覚める, さめる -to wake,to wake up
左右, さゆう -(1) left and right,(2) influence,control,domination
皿, さら -plate,dish
更に, さらに -furthermore,again,after all,more and more,moreover
去る, さる -to leave,to go away
猿, さる -monkey
騒ぎ, さわぎ -uproar,disturbance
参加, さんか -participation
参考, さんこう -reference,consultation
賛成, さんせい -approval,agreement,support,favour
酸素, さんそ -oxygen
散歩, さんぽ -walk,stroll
氏, し -family name,lineage,birth
詩, し -poem,verse of poetry
四, し / よん -four
幸せ, しあわせ -happiness,good fortune,luck,blessing
ジェット機, ジェットき -jet aeroplane
直に, じかに -immediately,readily,directly
しかも -moreover,furthermore,nevertheless,and yet
叱る, しかる -to scold
式, しき -equation,formula,ceremony
お, じき -earnestly,immediately,exactly
時期, じき -time,season,period
支給, しきゅう -payment,allowance
しきりに -frequently,repeatedly,incessantly,eagerly
刺激, しげき -stimulus,impetus,incentive
資源, しげん -resources
事件, じけん -event,affair,incident
時刻, じこく -instant,time,moment
自殺, じさつ -suicide
事実, じじつ -fact,truth,reality
支出, ししゅつ -expenditure,expenses
事情, じじょう -circumstances,consideration,conditions,situation,reasons
詩人, しじん -poet
自身, じしん -by oneself,personally
沈む, しずむ -to sink,to feel depressed
自然, しぜん -nature,spontaneous
思想, しそう -thought,idea
舌, した -tongue
次第, しだい -(1) order,precedence,(2) circumstances,(3) immediate(ly)
事態, じたい -situation,present state of affairs
従う, したがう -to abide (by the rules),to obey,to follow,to accompany
したがって, したがって -therefore,consequently,in accordance with
支度, したくする -preparation, to prepare
親しい, したしい -intimate,close (e.g. friend)
七, しち / なな -seven
質, しつ -quality,nature (of person)
失業, しつぎょう -unemployment
実験, じっけん -experiment
実現, じつげん -implementation,materialization,realization
実行, じっこう -practice,performance,execution (e.g. program),realization
実際, じっさい -practical,actual condition,status quo
実施, じっし -enforcement,enact,put into practice,carry out,operation
じっと -fixedly,firmly,patiently,quietly
実に, じつに -indeed,truly,surely
実は, じつは -as a matter of fact,by the way
失望, しつぼう -disappointment,despair
支店, してん -branch store (office)
指導, しどう -leadership,guidance,coaching
自動, じどう -automatic,self-motion
品, しな -thing,article,goods,dignity,article (goods),counter for meal courses
支配, しはい -rule,control,direction
芝居, しばい -play,drama
しばしば -often,again and again,frequently
芝生, しばふ -lawn
支払, しはらい -payment
支払う, しはらう -to pay
死亡, しぼう -death,mortality
資本, しほん -funds,capital
姉妹, しまい -sisters
しまう -to finish, to close, put an end
しまった -Damn it!
自慢, じまん -pride,boast
事務, じむ -business,office work
示す, しめす -to denote,to show,to point out,to indicate
占める, しめる -(1) to comprise,to account for,to make up (of),(2) to hold,to occupy
下, しも -under,below,beneath
霜, しも -frost
借金, しゃっきん -debt,loan,liabilities
しゃべる -to talk,to chat,to chatter
邪魔, じゃま -hindrance,intrusion
週, しゅう -week
州, しゅう -a state, province, county
十, じゅう -10,ten
銃, じゅう -gun
周囲, しゅうい -surroundings,circumference,environs
収穫, しゅうかく -harvest,crop,ingathering
週間, しゅうかん -week,weekly
宗教, しゅうきょう -religion
重視, じゅうし -importance,stress,serious consideration
就職, しゅうしょく -finding employment,inauguration
修正, しゅうせい -amendment,correction,revision,modification
渋滞, じゅうたい -congestion (e.g. traffic),delay,stagnation
重大, じゅうだい -serious,important,grave,weighty
住宅, じゅうたく -resident,housing
集団, しゅうだん -group,mass
集中, しゅうちゅう -concentration,focusing the mind
収入, しゅうにゅう -income,receipts,revenue
住民, じゅうみん -citizens,inhabitants,residents,population
重要, じゅうよう -important, momentous, essential, principal, major
修理, しゅうり -repairing,mending
主義, しゅぎ -doctrine,rule,principle
宿泊, しゅくはく -lodging
手術, しゅじゅつ -surgical operation
首相, しゅしょう -Prime Minister
手段, しゅだん -means,way,measure
主張, しゅちょう -claim,request,insistence,assertion
出身, しゅっしん -graduate from,come from
出席, しゅっせきする -attendance,presence, to attend
出発, しゅっぱつする -departure, to depart
出版, しゅっぱん -publication
首都, しゅと -capital city
主婦, しゅふ -housewife,
主要, しゅよう -chief,main,principal,major
需要, じゅよう -demand,request
種類, しゅるい -variety,kind,type
順, じゅん -order,turn
瞬間, しゅんかん -moment,second,instant
順調, じゅんちょう -favourable,doing well,O.K.,all right
順番, じゅんばん -turn (in line),order of things
準備, じゅんびする -preparation,arrangements,provision,reserve, to prepare
小, しょう -small
章, しょう -(1) chapter,section,(2) medal
賞, しょう -prize,award
使用, しよう -use,application,employment,utilization
上, じょう -(1) first volume,(2) superior quality,
障害, しょうがい -obstacle,impediment (fault),damage
奨学金, しょうがくきん -scholarship
乗客, じょうきゃく -passenger
上京, じょうきょう -proceeding to the capital (Tokyo)
状況, じょうきょう -state of affairs,situation,circumstances
条件, じょうけん -conditions,terms
正午, しょうご -noon,mid-day
正直, しょうじき -honesty,integrity,frankness
常識, じょうしき -common sense
少女, しょうじょ -daughter,young lady,virgin,maiden,little girl
少々, しょうしょう -just a minute,small quantity
症状, しょうじょう -symptoms,condition
生じる, しょうじる -to produce,to yield,to result from,to arise,to be generated
状態, じょうたい -condition,situation,circumstances,state
招待, しょうたいする -invitation, to invite
上達, じょうたつ -improvement,advance,progress
冗談, じょうだん -jest,joke
承知, しょうちする -consent,acceptance,assent,admitting, to consent
上等, じょうとう -superiority,first class,very good
衝突, しょうとつ -collision,conflict
商人, しょうにん -trader,shopkeeper,merchant
承認, しょうにん -recognition,acknowledgement,approval,consent,agreement
少年, しょうねん -boys,juveniles
商売, しょうばい -trade,business,commerce,transaction,occupation
消費, しょうひ -consumption,expenditure
商品, しょうひん -commodity,article of commerce,goods,stock,merchandise
消防, しょうぼう -fire fighting,fire department
情報, じょうほう -information,(military) intelligence
証明, しょうめい -proof,verification
女王, じょおう -queen
職, しょく -employment
職業, しょくぎょう -occupation,business
食事, しょくじする -meal, to have a meal
食卓, しょくたく -dining table
食品, しょくひん -commodity,foodstuff
植物, しょくぶつ -plant,vegetation
食物, しょくもつ -food,foodstuff
食欲, しょくよく -appetite (for food)
食料, しょくりょう -food
食糧, しょくりょう -provisions,rations
書斎, しょさい -study
女子, じょし -woman,girl
助手, じょしゅ -helper,helpmeet,assistant,tutor
徐々に, じょじょに -slowly,little by little,gradually,steadily,quietly
署名, しょめい -signature
書物, しょもつ -books
女優, じょゆう -actress
処理, しょり -processing,dealing with,treatment,disposition,disposal
書類, しょるい -documents,official papers
知らせ, しらせ -notice
尻, しり -buttocks,bottom
印, しるし -(1) mark,(2) symbol,(3) evidence
城, しろ -castle
進学, しんがく -going on to a higher level school,
神経, しんけい -nerve,sensitivity
真剣, しんけん -seriousness,earnestness
信仰, しんこう -(religious) faith,belief,creed
信号, しんごう -traffic lights,signal,semaphore
人工, じんこう -artificial,manmade,human work,human skill,artificiality
深刻, しんこく -serious
診察, しんさつ -medical examination
人種, じんしゅ -race (of people)
信じる, しんじる -to believe,to place trust in
人生, じんせい -(human) life (i.e. conception to death)
親戚, しんせき -relative
新鮮, しんせん -fresh
心臓, しんぞう -heart (organ)
身体, しんたい -the body
身長, しんちょう -height (of body),stature
慎重, しんちょう -discretion,prudence
心配, しんぱいする -worry,concern,anxiety,care, to worry
審判, しんぱん -refereeing,trial,judgement,umpire,referee
人物, じんぶつ -character,personality,person,man,personage,talented man
進歩, しんぽ -progress,development
親友, しんゆう -close friend,buddy
信用, しんよう -confidence,dependence,credit,faith
信頼, しんらい -reliance,trust,confidence
心理, しんり -pshcyology, mental state
人類, じんるい -mankind,humanity
州, す -sandbank
巣, す -nest,rookery,breeding place,beehive,cobweb
図, ず -figure (e.g. Fig 1),drawing,picture,illustration
水準, すいじゅん -(1) level, standard, (2) water level
推薦, すいせん -recommendation
随分, ずいぶん -extremely
睡眠, すいみん -sleep
数, すう -number,figure
数字, すうじ -numeral,figure
末, すえ -the end of,powder
姿, すがた -figure,shape,appearance
空く, すく -(1) to open,to become empty,(2) to be less crowded
救う, すくう -to rescue from,to help out of
優れる, すぐれる -to surpass,to outstrip,to excel
すごい -terrible,dreadful,terrific,amazing,great
少しも, すこしも -anything of,not one bit
過ごす, すごす -to pass,to spend,to go through,to tide over
筋, すじ -muscle,string,line
進める, すすめる -to advance,to promote,to hasten
勧める, すすめる -to recommend,to advise,to encourage,to offer (wine)
頭痛, ずつう -headache
ずっと -consecutively,throughout,a lot
すてき -lovely,dreamy,beautiful,great
既に, すでに -already,too late
すなわち -that is,namely,i.e.
素晴らしい, すばらしい -wonderful,splendid,magnificent
全て, すべて -all,the whole,entirely,in general,wholly
全て, すべて -all,whole,entire,complete,overall,pan
済ませる, すませる -to be finished
すみません -sorry,excuse me
為る, する -to do
すると, すると -thereupon,hereupon
鋭い, するどい -pointed,sharp
背, せい -height,stature
正, せい -(logical) true,regular
性, せい -sex,gender
所為, せい -cause,reason,fault
税, ぜい -a tax
性格, せいかく -character,personality
正確, せいかく -accurate,punctuality,exactness,authenticity,veracity
世紀, せいき -century,era
請求, せいきゅう -claim,demand,application,request
税金, ぜいきん -tax,duty
清潔, せいけつ -clean
制限, せいげん -restriction,restraint,limitation
成功, せいこう -success,hit
生産, せいさん -production,manufacture
正式, せいしき -due form,official,formality
精神, せいしん -mind,soul,heart,spirit,intention
成人, せいじん -adult
精々, せいぜい -at the most,at best,to the utmost,as much (far) as possible
成績, せいせき -results,record
製造, せいぞう -manufacture,production
贅沢, ぜいたく -luxury,extravagance
成長, せいちょう -growth,grow to adulthood
制度, せいど -system,institution,organization
青年, せいねん -youth,young man
製品, せいひん -manufactured goods,finished goods
政府, せいふ -government,administration
生物, せいぶつ -raw food
生命, せいめい -life,existence
整理, せいり -sorting,arrangement,adjustment,regulation
咳, せき -cough
石炭, せきたん -coal
責任, せきにん -duty,responsibility
石油, せきゆ -oil,petroleum,kerosene
世間, せけん -world,society
説, せつ -theory
積極的, せっきょくてき -positive,active,proactive
設計, せっけい -plan,design
絶対, ぜったい -absolute,unconditional,absoluteness
設備, せつび -equipment,device,facilities,installation
絶滅, ぜつめつ -destruction,extinction
節約, せつやく -economising,saving
是非, ぜひ -certainly,without fail
責める, せめる -to condemn,to blame,to criticize
世話, せわする -looking after,help,aid,assistance, to look after
善, ぜん -good,goodness,right,virtue
全員, ぜんいん -all members (unanimity),all hands,the whole crew
専攻, せんこう -major subject,special study
全国, ぜんこく -country-wide,nation-wide,whole country,national
先日, せんじつ -the other day,a few days ago
前者, ぜんしゃ -the former
選手, せんしゅ -(1) player (in game),(2) team
前進, ぜんしん -advance,drive,progress
全然, ぜんぜん -(1) wholly,entirely,completely,(2) not at all (with neg. verb)
全体, ぜんたい -whole,entirety,whatever (is the matter)
選択, せんたく -selection,choice
そう, そう -so
象, ぞう -elephant
騒音, そうおん -noise
増加, ぞうか -increase,addition
操作, そうさ -operation,management,processing
掃除, そうじ / そうじする -cleaning,sweeping, to clean, to sweep
想像, そうぞう -imagination,guess
相続, そうぞく -succession,inheritance
相談, そうだん / そうだんする -consultation,discussion，to consult, to discuss
装置, そうち -equipment,installation,apparatus
相当, そうとう -suitable,fair,tolerable,proper
速度, そくど -speed,velocity,rate
底, そこ -bottom,sole
そこで -so (conj),accordingly,now,then,thereupon
組織, そしき -(1) organization,(2) structure,construction,(3) tissue,(4) system
そして -and
注ぐ, そそぐ -to pour (into),to irrigate,to pay,to fill,to feed (e.g. a fire)
育つ, そだつ -to raise (child),to be brought up,to grow (up)
そっくり -all,altogether,entirely,be just like,the splitting image of
そっと -face of the earth
袖, そで -sleeve
備える, そなえる -to furnish,to provide for,to equip,to install
その, その -the,that
そのうち -eventually,sooner or later,of the previously mentioned
そのまま -without change,as it is (i.e. now)
側, そば -side,edge,third person
粗末, そまつ -crude,rough,plain,humble
それ -it,that
それぞれ -each,every,either,respectively,severally
それでも -but (still),and yet,nevertheless,even so,notwithstanding
それとも -or,or else
損, そん -loss,disadvantage
損害, そんがい -damage,injury,loss
尊敬, そんけい -respect,esteem,reverence,honour
存在, そんざい -existence,being
尊重, そんちょう -respect,esteem,regard
田, た -rice field
他, た -other (esp. places and things)
台, だい -stand,rack,table,support, counter for machine
題, だい -title,subject,theme,topic
体育, たいいく -physical education,gymnastics,athletics
体温, たいおん -temperature (body)
大会, たいかい -convention,tournament,mass meeting,rally
大気, たいき -the air, atmosphere
代金, だいきん -price,payment,cost,charge
退屈, たいくつ -tedium,boredom
滞在, たいざい -stay,sojourn
大使, たいし -ambassador
大した, たいした -considerable,great,important,significant,a big deal
対象, たいしょう -target,object (of worship, study, etc),subject (of taxation, etc)
大臣, だいじん -cabinet minister
対する, たいする -to face,to confront,to oppose
大戦, たいせん -great war,great battle
大抵, たいてい -usually,generally
態度, たいど -attitude,manner
大統領, だいとうりょう -president,chief executive
大半, たいはん -majority,mostly,generally
代表, だいひょう -representative,representation,delegation,type,example,model
大部分, だいぶぶん -most part,greater part,majority
大変, たいへん -awful,dreadful,terrible,very
逮捕, たいほ -arrest,apprehension,capture
太陽, たいよう -sun,solar
平ら, たいら -flatness,level,smooth,calm,plain
代理, だいり -representation,agency,proxy,deputy,agent
大陸, たいりく -continent
倒す, たおす -to throw down,to beat,to bring down,to blow down
だが, だが -however
互い, たがい -mutual,reciprocal
宝, たから -treasure
だから, だから -so,therefore
宅, たく -house,home,husband
だけど -however
確かめる, たしかめる -to ascertain, confirm
多少, たしょう -more or less,somewhat,a little,some
助ける, たすける -to help,to save,to rescue
ただ -free of charge,
唯, ただ -mere,sole,only
戦い, たたかい -battle,fight,struggle,conflict
戦う, たたかう -to fight,to battle,to combat
叩く, たたく -to strike,to clap,to dust,to beat
直ちに, ただちに -at once,immediately,directly,in person
立ち上がる, たちあがる -to stand up
立場, たちば -standpoint,position,situation
経つ, たつ -to pass,to lapse
達する, たっする -to reach,to get to
唯, たった -only (use with a word which indicates numbers)
だって -but,because,even,also,too
たっぷり -full,in plenty,ample
縦, たて -length,height
たとえ -simile,metaphor,allegory
谷, たに -valley
他人, たにん -another person,unrelated person,outsider,stranger
種, たね -(1) seed,(2) material,(3) cause,source
束, たば -handbreadth,bundle
度, たび -counter for occurrences
旅, たび -travel,trip,journey
たびたび -often,repeatedly,frequently
多分, たぶん -perhaps,probably
玉, たま -ball,sphere,coin
球, たま -globe,sphere,ball
弾, たま -bullet,shot,shell
偶々, たまたま -casually,unexpectedly,accidentally,by chance
たまらない -intolerable, unbearable, unendurable
黙る, だまる -to be silent
駄目, だめ -useless,no good,hopeless
試し, ためし -trial,test
試す, ためす -to attempt,to test
便り, たより -news, tidings, information, correspondence, letter
頼る, たよる -to rely on,to have recourse to,to depend on
誰か, だれか -someone,somebody
段, だん -step,stair,flight of steps,grade,rank,level
単位, たんい -unit,denomination,credit (in school)
単語, たんご -word,vocabulary,(usually) single-character word
男子, だんし -a boy, a man, a male
単純, たんじゅん -simplicity
誕生, たんじょう -birth
団体, だんたい -organization,association, a group
担当, たんとう -(in) charge
単なる, たんなる -mere,simple,sheer
単に, たんに -simply,merely,only,solely
地, ち -earth
地位, ちい -(social) position,status
地域, ちいき -area,region
知恵, ちえ -wisdom, intelligence, advice
地下, ちか -basement,underground
違い, ちがい -difference,discrepancy
違いない, ちがいない -(phrase) sure,no mistaking it,for certain
近頃, ちかごろ -lately,recently,nowadays
地球, ちきゅう -the earth
地区, ちく -district,section,sector
遅刻, ちこく -lateness,late coming
知事, ちじ -prefectural governor
知識, ちしき -knowledge,information
父親, ちちおや -father
知能, ちのう -intelligence,brains
地平線, ちへいせん -horizon
地方, ちほう -area,locality,district,region,the coast
茶, ちゃ -tea
ちゃんと -perfectly,properly,exactly
中, ちゅう -inside,middle,among
注, ちゅう -annotation,explanatory note
中央, ちゅうおう -centre,central,center,middle
中学, ちゅうがく -middle school,junior high school
中古, ちゅうこ -(1) used,second-hand,old
中止, ちゅうし -suspension, stoppage, discontinuance, interruption
駐車, ちゅうしゃ -parking (e.g. car)
昼食, ちゅうしょく -lunch,midday meal
中心, ちゅうしん -center,core,heart,pivot,emphasis,balance
注目, ちゅうもく -notice,attention,observation
注文, ちゅうもん -order,request
長期, ちょうき -long time period
調査, ちょうさ -investigation,examination,inquiry,survey
調子, ちょうし -condition, form, shape, tune,tone,key
頂上, ちょうじょう -top,summit,peak
ちょうだい -(1) please do for me (preceded by -te),(2) reception,being given,get (spoken)
貯金, ちょきん -(bank) savings
直接, ちょくせつ -direct,immediate,personal,firsthand
著者, ちょしゃ -author,writer
対, つい -pair,couple,set
遂に, ついに -finally,at last
通過, つうか -passage through,passing
通学, つうがく -commuting to school
通行, つうこう -passage,passing
通じる, つうじる -to run to,to lead to,to communicate,to understand
通信, つうしん -correspondence,communication,news,signal
捕まる, つかまる -to be caught,to be arrested
掴む, つかむ -to seize,to catch,to grasp
疲れ, つかれ -tiredness,fatigue
月, つき -moon,month
付き合い, つきあい -association,socializing,fellowship
次々, つぎつぎ -in succession,one by one
就く, つく -to take (seat, position),to get (a job)
注ぐ, つぐ -to pour (into),to irrigate,to pay
付ける, つける -to attach,to join,to add,to append
土, つち -earth,soil
続き, つづき -sequel,continuation
包み, つつみ -bundle,package,parcel,bale
勤め, つとめ -(1) service, business, job(2) Buddhist religious services
務め, つとめ -(1) service,duty,
繋ぐ, つなぐ -to tie,to fasten,to connect,to transfer (phone call)
常に, つねに -always,constantly
角, つの -horn
翼, つばさ -wings
つまり -in short,in brief,in other words
罪, つみ -crime,fault,indiscretion
詰める, つめる -to pack,to shorten,to work out (details)
積もる, つもる -to pile up
梅雨, つゆ -rainy season,rain during the rainy season
辛い, つらい -painful,heart-breaking
釣, つり -fishing
連れ, つれ -companion,company
出会い, であい -meeting,rendezvous,encounter
出会う, であう -to meet by chance,to come across,to happen to encounter
提案, ていあん -proposal,proposition,suggestion
定期, ていき -fixed term
抵抗, ていこう -resistance,opposition, electrical resistance,
提出, ていしゅつ -presentation,submission,filing
程度, ていど -degree,amount,grade,standard,of the order of (following a number)
停留所, ていりゅうじょ -bus or tram stop
敵, てき -enemy,rival
出来事, できごと -incident,affair,happening,event
適する, てきする -to fit,to suit
適切, てきせつ -pertinent,appropriate,adequate,relevance
適度, てきど -moderate
適用, てきよう -applying
できる -to be able to,to be ready,to occur
出来るだけ, できるだけ -as (much) (soon) as possible
できれば -if at all possible
手品, てじな -sleight of hand,conjuring trick,magic,juggling
ですから -therefore
鉄, てつ -iron
哲学, てつがく -philosophy
手伝い, てつだい -help,helper,assistant
徹底, てってい -thoroughness,completeness
鉄道, てつどう -railroad
徹夜, てつや -all night,all night vigil,sleepless night
では, では -then, in that case,if so
手間, てま -time,labour
でも, でも -but,however
典型, てんけい -type,pattern,archetypal
天候, てんこう -weather
電子, でんし -electron
伝統, でんとう -tradition,convention
天然, てんねん -nature,spontaneity
度, ど -counter for occurrences
問い, とい -question,query
党, とう -party (political)
塔, とう -tower,pagoda
答案, とうあん -examination paper,examination script
同一, どういつ -identity,sameness,similarity
銅貨, どうか -copper coin
当時, とうじ -at that time,in those days
動詞, どうし -verb
同時, どうじ -simultaneous(ly),concurrent,same time,synchronous
どうしても -by all means,at any cost,no matter what
到着, とうちゃく -arrival
道徳, どうとく -morals
投票, とうひょう -voting,poll
同様, どうよう -identical,equal to,same (kind),like
同僚, どうりょう -coworker,colleague,associate
道路, どうろ -road,highway
十, とお -10,ten
通す, とおす -to let pass,to overlook,to continue
通り, とおり -in accordance with ~,following ~,~ Street,~ Avenue
通り過ぎる, とおりすぎる -to pass,to pass through
都会, とかい -city
時, とき -(1) time,hour,(2) occasion,moment
解く, とく -to unfasten, to solve
毒, どく -poison,toxicant
得意, とくい -pride,triumph,prosperity
読書, どくしょ -reading
独身, どくしん -bachelorhood,single,unmarried,celibate
特徴, とくちょう -distinctive feature,characteristic
独特, どくとく -peculiarity,uniqueness,characteristic
独立, どくりつ -independence (e.g. Ind. Day),self-support
解ける, とける -to come untied,to come apart
どこか -somewhere,anywhere
ところが -however,while,even if
ところで -by the way,even if,no matter what
登山, とざん -mountain-climbing
都市, とし -town,city,municipal,urban
年月, としつき(ねんげつ） -months and years
図書, としょ -books
年寄, としより -old people,the aged
閉じる, とじる -to close (e.g. book, eyes),to shut
途端, とたん -just (now, at the moment, etc.)
土地, とち -plot of land,lot,soil
突然, とつぜん -abruptly,suddenly,unexpectedly,all at once
届く, とどく -to reach
とにかく -anyhow,at any rate,anyway,somehow or other,generally speaking,in any case
飛ばす, とばす -to skip over,to omit
飛び出す, とびだす -to jump out,to rush out,to fly out
留める, とめる -to fasten,to turn off,to detain
友, とも -friend,companion,pal
共に, ともに -sharing with,participate in
土曜 / 土曜日, どよう / どようび -Saturday
虎, とら -tiger
取り上げる, とりあげる -to take up,to pick up,to disqualify,to confiscate,to deprive
努力, どりょく -great effort,exertion,endeavour,effort
どれ, どれ -which (of three or more)
取れる, とれる -to come off,to be taken off,to be removed
泥, どろ -mud
とんでもない -unexpected,offensive,What a thing to say!,No way!
どんな -what,what kind of
どんなに -how,how much
名, な -name,reputation
内容, ないよう -subject, contents, substance,
なお -straight,mischief,ordinary,common
仲, なか -relation,relationship
流す, ながす -to drain,to float,to shed (blood, tears),to cruise (e.g. taxi)
なかなか -very,considerably,easily
半ば, なかば -middle,half,semi,halfway,partly
仲間, なかま -company,fellow,colleague,associate
眺め, ながめ -scene,view,prospect,outlook
眺める, ながめる -to view,to gaze at
流れ, ながれ -stream,current
流れる, ながれる -to stream,to flow,to run (ink),to be washed away
無し, なし -without
なぜなら -because
謎, なぞ -riddle,puzzle,enigma
納得, なっとく -consent,assent,understanding
等, など -et cetera,etc.,and the like
七, なな -seven
何, なに -what
何か, なにか -something
なにも -nothing
鍋, なべ -saucepan,pot
生, なま -(1) draft (beer),(2) raw,unprocessed
生, なま -(1) draft (beer),(2) raw,unprocessed
怠ける, なまける -to be idle,to neglect
波, なみ -wave
涙, なみだ -tear
悩む, なやむ -to be worried,to be troubled
為る, なる -to change,to be of use,to reach to
成る, なる -to become
縄, なわ -rope,hemp
何で, なんで -Why?,What for?
何でも, なんでも -by all means,everything
何とか, なんとか -somehow,anyhow,one way or another
似合う, にあう -to suit,to match,to become,to be like
匂い, におい -odour,scent,smell,stench
苦手, にがて -poor (at),weak (in),dislike (of)
握る, にぎる -to grasp,to hold a (thing) in one's hand, grip
日, にち -sun,sunshine,day
日常, にちじょう -ordinary,regular,everyday,usual
日曜, にちよう -Sunday
日光, にっこう -sunlight
にっこり -smile sweetly,smile,grin
日中, にっちゅう -daytime,broad daylight
日本, にっぽん / にほん -Japan
入学, にゅうがく -entry to school or university,matriculation
入場, にゅうじょう -entrance,admission,entering
人気, にんき -popularity
人間, にんげん -human being,man,person
抜く, ぬく -to extract,to omit,to surpass,to draw out,to unplug
抜ける, ぬける -to come out,to fall out,to be omitted
布, ぬの -cloth
濡れる, ぬれる -to get wet
根, ね -root
値, ね -value,price,cost,worth,merit
願い, ねがい -desire,wish,request
願う, ねがう -to desire,to wish,to request
鼠, ねずみ -(1) mouse, rat,
値段, ねだん -price,cost
熱心, ねっしん -zeal,enthusiasm
熱帯, ねったい -tropics
熱中する, ねっちゅうする -to devote oneself, be devoted to, be crazy about
年間, ねんかん -year
年月, ねんげつ -months and years
年中, ねんじゅう -whole year,always,everyday
年代, ねんだい -age,era,period,date
年齢, ねんれい -age,years
野, の -field
能, のう -ability, talent, a Noh play
農家, のうか -farmer,farm family
農業, のうぎょう -agriculture
農民, のうみん -farmers,peasants
能力, のうりょく -ability,faculty
軒, のき -eaves
残す, のこす -to leave (behind, over),to bequeath,to save,to reserve
残り, のこり -remnant,residue,remaining,left-over
乗せる, のせる -to take on board,to give a ride
除く, のぞく -to remove,to exclude,to except
望み, のぞみ -wish,desire,(a) hope
望む, のぞむ -to desire,to wish for,to see,to command (a view of)
後, のち -afterwards,since then,in the future
喉, のど -throat
伸ばす, のばす -to lengthen,to stretch,to reach out,to grow (beard)
伸びる, のびる -to stretch,to extend,to make progress,to grow (beard, body height)
述べる, のべる -to state,to express,to mention
昇る, のぼる -to arise,to ascend,to go up
のんびり -carefree,at leisure
場, ば -place,field (physics)
はあ -Yes, Uh-huh, I see,
灰, はい -ash
梅雨, ばいう -rainy season,rain during the rainy season
配達, はいたつ -delivery,distribution
俳優, はいゆう -actor,actress,player,performer
墓, はか -grave,tomb
馬鹿, ばか -fool,idiot,trivial matter,folly
博士, はかせ -doctorate,PhD
計る, はかる -to measure,to weigh,to survey
履く, はく -to wear,to put on (lower body)
吐く, はく -to breathe out, to vomit
拍手, はくしゅ -clapping hands,applause
莫大, ばくだい -enormous,vast
爆発, ばくはつ -explosion,detonation,eruption
博物館, はくぶつかん -museum
激しい, はげしい -violent,vehement,intense
はさみ -scissors
破産, はさん -(personal) bankruptcy
端, はし -end (e.g. of street),edge,tip,margin,point
始まり, はじまり -origin,beginning
外す, はずす -to unfasten,to remove
旗, はた -flag
肌, はだ -skin
裸, はだか -naked,nude
畑, はたけ -field
二十（歳）, はたち -20 years old,
働き, はたらき -work,labor
発見, はっけん -discovery,detection,finding
発行, はっこう -issue (publications)
発車, はっしゃ -departure of a vehicle
罰する, ばっする -to punish,to penalize
発達, はったつ -development,growth
ばったり -with a clash (thud),with a bang,plump,flop
発展, はってん -development,growth
発表, はっぴょう -announcement,publication
発明, はつめい -invention
話し合う, はなしあう -to discuss,to talk together
離す, はなす -to part,divide,separate
放す, はなす -to separate,to set free
離れる, はなれる -to be separated from,to leave,to go away,to be a long way off
羽, はね -counter for birds,counter for rabbits
幅, はば -width,breadth
母親, ははおや -mother
省く, はぶく -to omit,to eliminate,to curtail,to economize
場面, ばめん -scene,setting (e.g. of novel)
腹, はら -abdomen,belly,stomach
原, はら -field,plain,prairie,tundra,moor,wilderness
針, はり -needle,hand (e.g. clock)
張る, はる -to stick,to paste
番, ばん -counter for a number
範囲, はんい -extent,scope,sphere,range
反抗, はんこう -opposition,resistance
犯罪, はんざい -crime
判断, はんだん -judgement,decision
犯人, はんにん -offender,criminal
販売, はんばい -sale,selling,marketing
灯, ひ -light
被害, ひがい -damage
比較, ひかく -comparison
轢く, ひく -to run somebody over (with vehicle),to knock someone down
悲劇, ひげき -tragedy
飛行, ひこう -aviation
膝, ひざ -knee,lap
非常, ひじょう -emergency,extraordinary,unusual
美人, びじん -beautiful person (woman)
額, ひたい -forehead,brow
びっくり -be surprised,be amazed,be frightened,astonishment
日付, ひづけ -date,dating
必死, ひっし -inevitable death,desperation,frantic,inevitable result
ぴったり -exactly,neatly,sharp
引っ張る, ひっぱる -(1) to pull,to draw,to stretch,to drag,(2) to pull the ball (baseball)
否定, ひてい -negation,denial,repudiation
一言, ひとこと -single word
人込み, ひとごみ -crowd of people
等しい, ひとしい -equal
独り, ひとり -alone,
一人一人, ひとりひとり -one by one,each,one at a time
批判, ひはん -criticism,judgement,comment
批評, ひひょう -criticism,review,commentary
秘密, ひみつ -secret,secrecy
微妙, びみょう -delicate,subtle
紐, ひも -(1) string,cord,(2) pimp
表, ひょう -table (e.g. Tab 1),chart,list
費用, ひよう -cost,expense
秒, びょう -second (60th min)
評価, ひょうか -valuation,estimation,assessment,evaluation
表現, ひょうげん -expression,presentation,representation (math)
表情, ひょうじょう -facial expression
平等, びょうどう -equality (a),impartiality,evenness
評判, ひょうばん -fame,reputation,popularity,arrant
表面, ひょうめん -surface,outside,face,appearance
広がる, ひろがる -to spread (out),to extend,to stretch,to reach to,to get around
品, ひん -elegance, grace, dignity,
瓶, びん -bottle
便, びん -way,means
不, ふ -un,non,negative prefix
無, ぶ -nothing,naught,nil,zero
分, ぶ -dividing,part
不安, ふあん -anxiety,uneasiness,insecurity,suspense
風景, ふうけい -scenery
夫婦, ふうふ -married couple,husband and wife
笛, ふえ -flute,pipe
不可, ふか -wrong,bad,improper,unjustifiable,inadvisable
武器, ぶき -weapon,arms,ordinance
服装, ふくそう -dress, clothes
含む, ふくむ -to hold in the mouth,to bear in mind
袋, ふくろ -bag,sack
不幸, ふこう -unhappiness,sorrow,misfortune,disaster,accident,death
節, ふし -tune,tone,knot,knob,point
無事, ぶじ -safety,peace,quietness
不思議, ふしぎ -mystery,curiosity
不自由, ふじゆう -discomfort,disability,inconvenience,destitution
夫人, ふじん -wife,Mrs,madam
婦人, ふじん -woman,female
不正, ふせい -injustice,unfairness
防ぐ, ふせぐ -to defend (against),to protect,to prevent
不足, ふそく -insufficiency,shortage,deficiency,lack,dearth
舞台, ぶたい -stage (theatre)
双子, ふたご -twins,a twin
再び, ふたたび -again,once more,a second time
普段, ふだん -usually,habitually,ordinarily,always
縁, ふち -an edge, a brim, a rim,
打つ, ぶつ -to hit,to strike
物価, ぶっか -prices of commodities,prices (in general)
物質, ぶっしつ -material,substance
物理, ぶつり -physics
筆, ふで -writing brush
ふと -suddenly,casually,accidentally,incidentally,unexpectedly,unintentionally
船, ふね -ship,boat,watercraft,shipping,vessel,steamship
部分, ぶぶん -portion,section,part
不平, ふへい -complaint,discontent,dissatisfaction
不満, ふまん -dissatisfaction,displeasure,discontent,complaints,unhappiness
不利, ふり -disadvantage,handicap,unfavorable,drawback
振る, ふる -(1) to wave,to shake,to swing,(2) to sprinkle,(3) to cast (actor),to allocate (work)
震える, ふるえる -to shiver,to shake,to quake
触れる, ふれる -to touch,to be touched,to touch on a subject,to feel,to violate (law, copyright, etc.),to perceive,t
風呂, ふろ -bath
分, ぶん -dividing,part,segment
文, ぶん -sentence
雰囲気, ふんいき -atmosphere (e.g. musical),mood,ambience
分析, ぶんせき -analysis
文明, ぶんめい -civilization,culture
分野, ぶんや -field,sphere,realm,division,branch
塀, へい -wall,fence
平均, へいきん -equilibrium,balance,average,mean
平和, へいわ -peace,harmony
別に, べつに -(not) particularly,nothing
減らす, へらす -to abate,to decrease,to diminish,to shorten
減る, へる -to decrease (in size or number),to diminish,to abate
変化, へんか -goblin,ghost,apparition,bugbear
勉強 / 勉強する, べんきょうする -study, work, to study, to sell (a thing) cheap
変更, へんこう -change,modification,alteration
弁当, べんとう -box lunch
方, ほう -side
法, ほう -Act (law: the X Act)
棒, ぼう -pole,rod,stick
冒険, ぼうけん -risk,venture,adventure
方向, ほうこう -direction,course,way
報告, ほうこく -report,information
宝石, ほうせき -gem,jewel
放送 / 放送する, ほうそうする -broadcast, broadcasting, to broadcast
豊富, ほうふ -abundance,wealth,plenty,bounty
方法, ほうほう -method,manner,way,means,technique
方々, ほうぼう -persons,this and that,here and there,everywhere
訪問, ほうもん -call,visit
吠える, ほえる -to bark,to bay,to howl,to bellow,to roar,to cry
頬, ほお -cheek (of face)
他（外）, ほか -some, other place, the rest
誇り, ほこり -pride
埃, ほこり -dust
保証, ほしょう -guarantee, security, assurance, pledge, warranty
保存, ほぞん -preservation, conservation, storage, maintenance
程, ほど -degree,extent,bounds,limit
歩道, ほどう -footpath,walkway,sidewalk
仏, ほとけ -Buddha,merciful person,Buddhist image,the dead
骨, ほね -bone
炎, ほのお -flame
頬, ほほ -cheek (of face)
ほぼ -almost,roughly,approximately
微笑む, ほほえむ -to smile
褒める, ほめる -to praise,to admire,to speak well
濠, ほり -moat
本当, ほんとう / ほんと -truth,reality
本人, ほんにん -the person himself
本物, ほんもの -genuine article
ぼんやり -absent-minded,block-head,dim,faint,vague
間, ま -space,room,time,pause
まあ -(female) you might say
マイク -mike
迷子, まいご -lost (stray) child
任せる, まかせる -to entrust to another,to leave to
幕, まく -curtain,bunting,act (in play)
負け, まけ -defeat,loss,losing (a game)
孫, まご -grandchild
まさか -nonsense, that's impossible,
まさに -correctly, surely
真面目, まじめ -diligent,serious,honest
増す, ます -to increase,to grow
先ず, まず -first (of all),to start with,about,almost,hardly (with neg. verb)
貧しい, まずしい -poor, needy
ますます -increasingly,more and more
又, また -again,and
未だ, まだ -yet,still,more,besides
街, まち -(1) town, city
間違い, まちがい -mistake
松, まつ -(1) pine tree,(2) highest (of a three-tier ranking system)
真っ赤, まっか -deep red,flushed (of face)
真っ直ぐ, まっすぐ -straight (ahead),direct,upright
全く, まったく -really,truly,entirely,completely
祭, まつり -festival,feast
学ぶ, まなぶ -to study (in depth),to learn,to take lessons in
真似, まね -mimicry,imitation,behavior,pretense
招く, まねく -to invite
豆, まめ -beans,peas
守る, まもる -to protect,to obey,to guard,to abide (by the rules)
丸, まる -circle,full (month),perfection,purity,suffix for ship names
丸い, まるい -round,circular,spherical
まるで -quite,entirely,completely
回す, まわす -to turn,to revolve
回り, まわり -circumference,surroundings,circulation
万一, まんいち -by any chance
満足, まんぞく -satisfaction
身, み -body,main part,oneself,sword
実, み -fruit,nut,seed,content,good result
見送り, みおくり -seeing one off,farewell,escort
味方, みかた -friend,ally,supporter
見事, みごと -splendid,magnificent,beautiful,admirable
満ちる, みちる -to be full,to rise (tide),to mature,to expire
密な, みつな -dense, thick
認める, みとめる -to recognize,to appreciate,to approve,to admit,to notice
見舞い, みまい -enquiry,expression of sympathy,expression of concern
土産, みやげ -present,souvenir
都, みやこ -capital
妙, みょう -strange,unusual
明後日, みょうごにち -day after tomorrow
未来, みらい -future (life, tense)
魅力, みりょく -charm,fascination,glamour
皆, みんな -all,everyone,everybody
無, む -nothing,naught,nil,zero
向かい, むかい -facing,opposite,across the street,other side
迎え, むかえ -meeting,person sent to pick up an arrival
向く, むく -to face
向ける, むける -to turn towards,to point
無視, むし -disregard,ignore
虫歯, むしば -cavity,tooth decay,decayed tooth,caries
寧ろ, むしろ -rather,better,instead
結ぶ, むすぶ -to tie,to bind,to link
無駄, むだ -futility,uselessness
夢中, むちゅう -daze,(in a) trance,ecstasy,delirium,engrossment
胸, むね -breast,chest
無料, むりょう -free,no charge
芽, め -sprout
明確, めいかく -clear up,clarify,define
命じる, めいじる -to order,to command,to appoint
名人, めいじん -master,expert
命令, めいれい -order,command,decree,directive,(software) instruction
迷惑, めいわく -trouble,bother,annoyance
飯, めし -(sl) meals,food
滅多に, めったに -rarely (with neg. verb),seldom
面, めん -a mask, the face, the surface, an aspect, a side,
綿, めん -cotton,padding
免許, めんきょ -license,permit,licence,certificate
面倒, めんどう -trouble,difficulty,care,attention
申し込む, もうしこむ -to apply for,to make an application
申し訳, もうしわけ -apology,excuse
毛布, もうふ -blanket
燃える, もえる -to burn
目的, もくてき -purpose,goal,aim,objective,intention
目標, もくひょう -mark,objective,target
木曜 / 木曜日, もくよう / もくようび -Thursday
文字, もじ -letter (of alphabet),character
もしも -if
持ち上げる, もちあげる -to raise,to lift up,to flatter
用いる, もちいる -to use,to make use of
勿論, もちろん -of course,certainly,naturally
最も, もっとも -most,extremely
尤も, もっとも -quite right,plausible,natural,but then,although
元, もと -(1) origin,original,(2) former
基, もと -basis
戻す, もどす -to restore,to put back,to return
基づく, もとづく -to be grounded on,to be based on,to be due to,to originate from
求める, もとめる -to seek,to request,to demand,to want,to wish for,to search for,to pursue (pleasure),to hunt (a job),
者, もの -person
物音, ものおと -sounds
物語, ものがたり -tale,story,legend
物事, ものごと -things,everything
模様, もよう -pattern,figure,design
貰う, もらう -to receive
文句, もんく -phrase,complaint
文字, もんじ -letter (of alphabet),character
やがて -before long,soon,at length
役, やく -use,service,role,position
約, やく -approximately,about,some
訳, やく -translation, a version
役割, やくわり -part,assigning (allotment of) parts,role,duties
家賃, やちん -rent
厄介, やっかい -trouble,burden,care,bother
宿, やど -inn,lodging
雇う, やとう -to employ,to hire
屋根, やね -roof
やはり -also,as I thought,still,in spite of,absolutely,of course
破る, やぶる -to tear,to violate,to defeat,to smash,to destroy
辞める, やめる -to retire
やや -a little,partially,somewhat,a short time,a while
唯一, ゆいいつ -only,sole,unique
言う, ゆう -to say
勇気, ゆうき -courage,bravery,valour,nerve,boldness
有効, ゆうこう -validity,availability,effectiveness
優秀, ゆうしゅう -superiority,excellence
優勝, ゆうしょう -overall victory,championship
友情, ゆうじょう -friendship,fellowship
友人, ゆうじん -friend
有能, ゆうのう -able,capable,efficient,skill
郵便, ゆうびん -mail,postal service
夕べ, ゆうべ -evening
有利, ゆうり -advantageous,better,profitable,lucrative
床, ゆか -floor
愉快, ゆかい -pleasant,happy
輸出, ゆしゅつする -export, to export
譲る, ゆずる -to turn over,to assign,to hand over
豊か, ゆたか -abundant,wealthy,plentiful,rich
ゆっくり / と -slowly,at ease
輸入, ゆにゅうする -importation,import,introduction, to import
許す, ゆるす -to permit, to allow, to approve, to forgive
夜, よ -evening,night
夜明け, よあけ -dawn,daybreak
よい -good,nice,pleasant,ok
様, よう -way,manner,kind
酔う, よう -to get drunk,to become intoxicated
容易, ようい -easy,simple,plain
陽気な, ようき -cheerful, lively, merry
要求, ようきゅう -request,demand,requisition
用心, ようじん -care,precaution,guarding,caution
様子, ようす -aspect,state,appearance
要するに, ようするに -in a word,after all,the point is ..,in short ..
要素, ようそ -element
要点, ようてん -gist,main point
曜日, ようび -day of the week
予期, よき -expectation,assume will happen,forecast
横切る, よこぎる -to cross (e.g. arms),to traverse
予算, よさん -estimate,budget
止す, よす -to cease,to abolish,to resign,to give up
予測, よそく -prediction,estimation
夜中, よなか -midnight,dead of night
世の中, よのなか -society,the world,the times
余分, よぶん -extra,excess,surplus
予報, よほう -forecast,prediction
予防, よぼう -prevention,precaution,protection against
読み, よみ -reading
嫁, よめ -bride,daughter-in-law
余裕, よゆう -surplus,composure,margin,room,time,allowance,scope,rope
よると -according to
喜び, よろこび -(a) joy,(a) delight,rapture,pleasure,gratification,rejoicing,congratulations,felicitations
宜しい, よろしい -(hon) good,OK,all right,fine,very well,will do,may,can
よろしく -well,properly,suitably,best regards,please remember me
四, よん -four
来, らい -,for (10 days),next (year)
楽, らく -comfort,ease
利益, りえき -profits,gains,(political, economic) interest
理解, りかい -understanding,comprehension
陸, りく -(the) land
利口, りこう -clever,shrewd,bright,sharp,wise,intelligent
離婚, りこん -divorce
理想, りそう -ideal
率, りつ -rate,ratio,proportion,percentage
立派, りっぱ -splendid,fine,handsome,elegant,imposing,prominent,legal,legitimate
留学, りゅうがく -studying abroad
流行, りゅうこう -fashionable,fad,in vogue,prevailing
量, りょう -quantity,amount,volume,portion (of food)
両替, りょうがえ -change,money exchange
料金, りょうきん -fee,charge,fare
例, れい -instance,example,case
礼, れい -expression of gratitude
礼儀, れいぎ -manners,courtesy,etiquette
冷静, れいせい -calm,composure,coolness,serenity
列, れつ -queue,line,row
列車, れっしゃ -train (ordinary)
練習, れんしゅうする -practice, to practice
連想, れんそう -association (of ideas),suggestion
連続, れんぞく -serial,consecutive,continuity,continuing
老人, ろうじん -the aged,old person
労働, ろうどう -manual labor,toil,work
論じる, ろんじる -to argue,to discuss,to debate
論争, ろんそう -controversy,dispute
論文, ろんぶん -thesis,essay,treatise,paper
輪, わ -ring,hoop,circle
わがまま -selfishness, wilfulness, whim
別れ, わかれ -parting,separation,farewell
脇, わき -side
分ける, わける -to divide,to separate
わざと -on purpose
僅か, わずか -only,merely,a little,small quantity
綿, わた -cotton,padding
話題, わだい -topic,subject
笑い, わらい -laugh,laughter,smile
割る, わる -to divide,to cut,to break,to halve
悪口, わるくち -abuse,insult,slander,evil speaking
我々, われわれ -we
湾, わん -bay,gulf,inlet
アイスクリーム -ice cream
アイロン -(electric) iron
アウト -out
アルバム -album
インク -ink
ウイスキー -whisky
エネルギー -(n) energy (de: Energie)
エンジン -engine
オーバー -(1) overcoat,(2) over
オフィス -office
カー -car
カード -card,curd
キャプテン -captain
キャンプ -camp
キロ -(abbr) kilo-, kilogram, kilometre,
クラシック -classic(s)
グラス -(1) glass,(2) grass
グランド -gland,grand,(electrical) ground
クリーム -cream
クリスマス -Christmas
グループ -group
ケース -case
ゲーム -game
コーチ -coach
コード -code,cord,chord
ゴール -goal
コピー -(1) a (photo)copy,(2) blurb on a book jacket
コンピューター -computer
サービス -(1) service,support system,(2) goods or services without charge
サイン -(1) autograph,(2) sign,(3) sine
ジーンズ -jeans
ジェット機, ジェットき -jet aeroplane
ジュース -juice,soft drink,deuce
スイッチ -switch
スープ -(Western) soup
スキー -skiing
スケート -skate(s),skating
スター -star
スタイル -style
スタンド -stand
スピーチ -speech
セット -set
センター -a center
ソファー -sofa,couch
タイプライター -typewriter
ダイヤ -(1) diagram,(2) (railway) schedule,(3) diamond
タオル -towel
ダンス -dance
チーズ -cheese
チーム -team
チャンス -chance,opportunity
デート -date,go on a date
デモ -(abbr) demo,demonstration
テント -tent
トップ -top
ドライブ -drive,trip by car,driving
トラック -(1) truck,(2) (running) track
ドラマ -drama
トランプ -playing cards (lit: trump)
ドレス -dress
トン -ton
トンネル -tunnel
ノー -no
ノック -(1) knock,(2) fungo (baseball)
パーセント -percent
バイオリン -violin
ハイキング -hiking
パイプ -(1) pipe,tube,(2) channels, official or otherwise
パイロット -pilot
パス -path,pass (in games)
パスポート -passport
バッグ -bag,
バン -bun,van (caravan),VAN (value-added network)
ハンサム -handsome
ビール -beer
ピクニック -picnic
ビデオ -video
ピン -pin
プラス -plus
プラン -plan
ブレーキ -a brake
プロ -professional
ベルト -Belt for western clothes
ペンキ -(n) paint (nl: pek)
ベンチ -bench
ボーイ -boy
ボート -rowing boat
ホーム -(1) platform,(2) home
ボール -ball,bowl
マーケット -market
マイク -mike
マスター -proprietor,manager,barowner,master (e.g. arts, science)
ママ -Mama
ミス -miss (mistake, error, failure),Miss
ミルク -milk
メモ -memorandum
メンバー -member
ユーモア -humor
ヨーロッパ -Europe
ヨット -yacht
ライター -lighter,rider,writer
ラケット -racket, paddle,
レポート -report,paper
ロケット -locket,rocket
ワイン -wine
あ -Ah
ああ -like that
間, あいだ -a space
合う, あう -to match
あかちゃん -baby
上る, あがる -to rise
赤ん坊, あかんぼう -baby
空く, あく -to open, to become empty
あげる -to give
浅い, あさい -shallow, superficial
味, あじ -flavour
明日, あす / あした -tomorrow
遊び, あそび -play
集る, あつまる -to gather
集める, あつめる -to collect something
謝る, あやまる -to apologize
安心, あんしん -relief
安全, あんぜん -safety
あんな -such
以下, いか -less than
以外, いがい -with the exception of
医学, いがく -medical science
生きる, いきる -to live
意見, いけん -opinion
石, いし -stone
いじめる -to tease
以上, いじょう -more than, this is all
急ぐ, いそぐ -to hurry
致す, いたす -(humble) to do
一度, いちど -once
一生懸命, いっしょうけんめい -with utmost effort
いっぱい -full
糸, いと -thread
以内, いない -within
田舎, いなか -countryside
祈る, いのる -to pray
いらっしゃる -(respectful) to be, to come or to go
植える, うえる -to plant, to grow
受付, うけつけ -receipt
受ける, うける -to take a lesson or test
動く, うごく -to move
うち -within
打つ, うつ -to hit
美しい, うつくしい -beautiful
写す, うつす -to copy or photograph
移る, うつる -to move house or transfer
腕, うで -arm
裏, うら -reverse side
売り場, うりば -place where things are sold
うん -(informal) yes
運転手, うんてんしゅ -driver
枝, えだ -branch, twig
選ぶ, えらぶ -to choose
遠慮, えんりょする -to be reserved, to be restrained
おいでになる -(respectful) to be
お祝い, おいわい -congratulation
おかげ -owing to, thanks to
おかしい -strange or funny
億, おく -one hundred million
屋上, おくじょう -rooftop
贈り物, おくりもの -gift
送る, おくる -to send
遅れる, おくれる -to be late
起す, おこす -to wake
行う, おこなう -to do
怒る, おこる -to get angry, to be angry
押し入れ, おしいれ -closet
お嬢さん, おじょうさん -young lady
お宅, おたく -(polite) your house
落ちる, おちる -to fall or drop
おっしゃる -(respectful) to say
夫, おっと -husband
おつり -change from purchase, balance
音, おと -sound, note
落す, おとす -to drop
踊り, おどり -a dance
踊る, おどる -to dance
驚く, おどろく -to be surprised
お祭り, おまつり -festival
お見舞い, おみまい -calling on someone who is ill, enquiry
お土産, おみやげ -souvenir
思い出す, おもいだす -to remember
思う, おもう -to think, to feel
おもちゃ -toy
表, おもて -the front
親, おや -parents
泳ぎ方, およぎかた -way of swimming
下りる, おりる -to get off, to descend
折る, おる -to break or to fold
お礼, おれい -expression of gratitude
折れる, おれる -to break or be folded
終わり, おわり -the end
海岸, かいがん -coast
会議, かいぎ -meeting
会議室, かいぎしつ -meeting room
会場, かいじょう -assembly hall or meeting place
会話, かいわ -conversation
帰り, かえり -return
変える, かえる -to change
科学, かがく -science
鏡, かがみ -mirror
掛ける, かける -to hang something
飾る, かざる -to decorate
火事, かじ -fire
ガス -gas
堅 / 硬, 固い, かたい -hard
形, かたち -shape
片付ける, かたづける -to tidy up
課長, かちょう -section manager
勝つ, かつ -to win
家内, かない -housewife
悲しい, かなしい -sad
必ず, かならず -certainly,necessarily
お金持ち, かねもち / おかねもち -rich man
彼女, かのじょ -she,girlfriend
壁, かべ -wall
髪, かみ -hair
噛む, かむ -to bite,to chew
通う, かよう -to commute
彼, かれ -he,boyfriend
乾く, かわく -to get dry
代わり, かわり -substitute,alternate
変わる, かわる -to change
考える, かんがえる -to consider
関係, かんけい -relationship
看護師, かんごし -nurse
簡単, かんたん -simple
気, き -spirit,mood
機会, きかい -opportunity
危険, きけん -danger
聞こえる, きこえる -to be heard
汽車, きしゃ -steam train
技術, ぎじゅつ -art,technology,skill
季節, きせつ -season
規則, きそく -regulations
きっと -surely
絹, きぬ -silk
厳しい, きびしい -strict
気分, きぶん -mood
決る, きまる -to be decided
君, きみ -(informal) You
決める, きめる -to decide
気持ち, きもち -feeling,mood
着物, きもの -kimono
客, きゃく -guest,customer
急, きゅう -urgent, steep
急行, きゅうこう -speedy, express
教育, きょういく -education
教会, きょうかい -church
競争, きょうそう -competition
興味, きょうみ -an interest
近所, きんじょ -neighbourhood
具合, ぐあい -condition,health
空気, くうき -air,atmosphere
空港, くうこう -airport
草, くさ -grass
首, くび -neck
雲, くも -cloud
比べる, くらべる -to compare
くれる -to give
暮れる, くれる -to get dark,to come to an end
君, くん -suffix for familiar young male
毛, け -hair or fur
経済, けいざい -finance,economy
警察, けいさつ -police
景色, けしき -scene,landscape
消しゴム, けしゴム -eraser
下宿, げしゅく -lodging
決して, けっして -never
けれど / けれども -however
原因, げんいん -cause,source
けんかする -to quarrel
研究, けんきゅう -research
研究室, けんきゅうしつ -study room,laboratory
見物, けんぶつ -sightseeing
子, こ -child
こう -this way
郊外, こうがい -outskirts
講義, こうぎ -lecture
工業, こうぎょう -the manufacturing industry
高校, こうこう -high school
高校生, こうこうせい -high school student
工場, こうじょう / こうば -factory,plant,mill,workshop
校長, こうちょう -headmaster
交通, こうつう -traffic,transportation
講堂, こうどう -auditorium
高等学校, こうとうがっこう -high school
公務員, こうむいん -civil servant, government worker
国際, こくさい -international
心, こころ -heart, mind, core
御主人, ごしゅじん -(honorable) your husband
故障, こしょうする -to break-down
ご存じ, ごぞんじ -(respect form ) to know
答, こたえ -response
ごちそう -a feast
小鳥, ことり -small bird
このあいだ -the other day,recently
このごろ -these days,nowadays
細かい, こまかい -small, fine
込む, こむ -to include
米, こめ -uncooked rice
ごらんになる -(respectful) to see
これから -after this
怖い, こわい -frightening
壊す, こわす -to break
壊れる, こわれる -to be broken
今度, こんど -now,next time
今夜, こんや -tonight
最近, さいきん -latest,nowadays
最後, さいご -last,end
最初, さいしょ -beginning,first
坂, さか -slope,hill
探す, さがす -to look for
下る, さがる -to get down,to descend
盛ん, さかん -popularity,prosperous
下げる, さげる -to hang,to lower,to move back
差し上げる, さしあげる -(polite) to give
さっき -some time ago
寂しい, さびしい -lonely
さ来月, さらいげつ -the month after next
さ来週, さらいしゅう -the week after next
騒ぐ, さわぐ -to make noise,to be excited
触る, さわる -to touch
産業, さんぎょう -industry
残念, ざんねん -disappointment
市, し -city
字, じ -character
試合, しあい -match,game
仕方, しかた -method
試験, しけん -examination
事故, じこ -accident
地震, じしん -earthquake
時代, じだい -era
下着, したぎ -underwear
しっかり -firmly,steadily
失敗, しっぱい -failure,mistake
辞典, じてん -dictionary
品物, しなもの -goods
しばらく -little while
島, しま -island
市民, しみん -citizen
事務所, じむしょ -office
社会, しゃかい -society,public
社長, しゃちょう -company president
自由, じゆう -freedom
習慣, しゅうかん -custom,manners
住所, じゅうしょ -an address,a residence
柔道, じゅうどう -judo
十分, じゅうぶん -enough
趣味, しゅみ -hobby
紹介, しょうかい -introduction
小学校, しょうがっこう -elementary school
小説, しょうせつ -novel
将来, しょうらい -future,prospects
食料品, しょくりょうひん -groceries
女性, じょせい -woman
知らせる, しらせる -to notify
調べる, しらべる -to investigate
人口, じんこう -population
神社, じんじゃ -Shinto shrine
親切, しんせつ -kindness
新聞社, しんぶんしゃ -newspaper company
水泳, すいえい -swimming
水道, すいどう -water supply
数学, すうがく -mathematics,arithmetic
過ぎる, すぎる -to exceed
凄い, すごい -terrific
進む, すすむ -to make progress
すっかり -completely
すっと -straight,all of a sudden
捨てる, すてる -to throw away
砂, すな -sand
滑る, すべる -to slide,to slip
隅, すみ -corner,nook
済む, すむ -to finish
すり -pickpocket
すると -then
生活, せいかつする -to live
生産, せいさんする -to produce
政治, せいじ -politics,government
西洋, せいよう -western countries
世界, せかい -the world
席, せき -seat
説明, せつめい -explanation
背中, せなか -back of the body
線, せん -line
戦争, せんそう -war
先輩, せんぱい -senior
そう -really
育てる, そだてる -to rear,to bring up
卒業, そつぎょう -graduation
祖父, そふ -grandfather
祖母, そぼ -grandmother
それで -because of that
それに -moreover
それほど -to that extent
そろそろ -gradually,soon
そんな -that sort of
そんなに -so much,like that
退院, たいいんする -to leave hospital
大学生, だいがくせい -university student
大事, だいじ -important,valuable,serious matter
大体, だいたい -generally
たいてい -usually
大分, だいぶ -greatly
台風, たいふう -typhoon
倒れる, たおれる -to break down
だから -so,therefore
確か, たしか -definite
足す, たす -to add a number
訪ねる, たずねる -to visit
尋ねる, たずねる -to ask
正しい, ただしい -correct
畳, たたみ -Japanese straw mat
立てる, たてる -to stand something up
建てる, たてる -to build
例えば, たとえば -for example
棚, たな -shelves
楽しみ, たのしみ -joy
楽む, たのしむ -to enjoy oneself
たまに -occasionally
為, ため -in order to
足りる, たりる -to be enough
男性, だんせい -male
暖房, だんぼう -heating
血, ち -blood
チェックする -to check
力, ちから -strength,power
ちっとも -not at all (used with a negative verb)
ちゃん -suffix for familiar person
注意, ちゅうい -caution
中学校, ちゅうがっこう -junior high school,middle school
注射, ちゅうしゃ -injection
駐車場, ちゅうしゃじょう -parking lot
地理, ちり -geography
捕まえる, つかまえる -to seize
付く, つく -to be attached
漬ける, つける -to soak,to pickle
都合, つごう -circumstances,convenience
伝える, つたえる -to report
続く, つづく -to be continued
続ける, つづける -to continue
包む, つつむ -to wrap
妻, つま -my wife
つもり -intention
釣る, つる -to fish
丁寧, ていねい -polite
適当, てきとう -suitability
手伝う, てつだう -to assist
手袋, てぶくろ -glove
寺, てら -temple
点, てん -point,dot
店員, てんいん -shop assistant
天気予報, てんきよほう -weather forecast
電灯, でんとう -electric light
電報, でんぽう -telegram
展覧会, てんらんかい -exhibition
都, と -metropolitan
道具, どうぐ -tool,means
とうとう -finally, after all
動物園, どうぶつえん -zoo
遠く, とおく -distant
通る, とおる -to go through
特に, とくに -particularly,especially
特別, とくべつ -special
とこや -barber
途中, とちゅう -on the way
特急, とっきゅう -limited express train (faster than an express train)
届ける, とどける -to send, to deliver, to report
泊まる, とまる -to lodge at
止める, とめる -to stop something
取り替える, とりかえる -to exchange
泥棒, どろぼう -thief
どんどん -more and more
直す, なおす -to fix,to repair
直る, なおる -to be fixed,to be repaired
治る, なおる -to be cured,to heal
泣く, なく -to weep
無くなる, なくなる -to disappear,to get lost
亡くなる, なくなる -to die
投げる, なげる -to throw or cast away
なさる -(respectful) to do
鳴る, なる -to sound
なるべく -as much as possible
なるほど -now I understand
慣れる, なれる -to grow accustomed to
苦い, にがい -bitter
二階建て, にかいだて -two storied
逃げる, にげる -to escape
日記, にっき -journal
入院, にゅういんする -to hospitalise, hospitalisation
入学, にゅうがくする -to enter school or university
似る, にる -to be similar
人形, にんぎょう -doll, figure
盗む, ぬすむ -to steal
塗る, ぬる -to paint, to colour, to plaster
ぬれる -to get wet
ねだん -price
熱, ねつ -fever
寝坊, ねぼう -sleeping in late
眠い, ねむい -sleepy
眠る, ねむる -to sleep
残る, のこる -to remain
乗り換える, のりかえる -to change between buses or trains
乗り物, のりもの -vehicle
葉, は -leaf
場合, ばあい -situation
倍, ばい -double
拝見, はいけんする -(humble) to look at
歯医者, はいしゃ -dentist
運ぶ, はこぶ -to transport
始める, はじめる -to begin
場所, ばしょ -location
はず -it should be so
恥ずかしい, はずかしい -embarrassed
発音, はつおん -pronunciation
はっきり -clearly
花見, はなみ -cherry-blossom viewing
林, はやし -woods,forester
払う, はらう -to pay
番組, ばんぐみ -television or radio program
反対, はんたい -opposition
日, ひ -day, sun
火, ひ -fire
冷える, ひえる -to grow cold
光, ひかり -light
光る, ひかる -to shine,to glitter
引き出し, ひきだし -drawer,drawing out
ひきだす -to withdraw
ひげ -beard
飛行場, ひこうじょう -airport
久しぶり, ひさしぶり -after a long time
美術館, びじゅつかん -art gallery
非常に, ひじょうに -extremely
引っ越す, ひっこす -to move house
必要, ひつよう -necessary
ひどい -awful
開く, ひらく -to open an event
昼間, ひるま -daytime,during the day
昼休み, ひるやすみ -noon break
拾う, ひろう -to pick up,to gather
増える, ふえる -to increase
深い, ふかい -deep
複雑, ふくざつ -complexity,complication
復習, ふくしゅう -revision
部長, ぶちょう -head of a section
普通, ふつう -usually, or a train that stops at every station
ぶどう -grapes
太る, ふとる -to become fat
布団, ふとん -Japanese bedding, futon
舟, ふね -ship
不便, ふべん -inconvenience
踏む, ふむ -to step on
降り出す, ふりだす -to start to rain
文化, ぶんか -culture
文学, ぶんがく -literature
文法, ぶんぽう -grammar
別, べつ -different
変, へん -strange
返事, へんじ -reply
貿易, ぼうえき -trade
法律, ほうりつ -law
僕, ぼく -I (used by males)
星, ほし -star
ほとんど -mostly
ほめる -to praise
翻訳, ほんやく -translation
参る, まいる -(humble) to go,to come
負ける, まける -to lose
または -or,otherwise
間違える, まちがえる -to make a mistake
間に合う, まにあう -to be in time for
周り, まわり -surroundings
回る, まわる -to go around
漫画, まんが -comic
真中, まんなか -middle
見える, みえる -to be in sight
湖, みずうみ -lake
味噌, みそ -miso, soybean paste
見つかる, みつかる -to be discovered
見つける, みつける -to discover
皆, みな -everybody
港, みなと -harbour
向かう, むかう -to face
迎える, むかえる -to go out to meet
昔, むかし -old times, old days, long ago, formerly
虫, むし -insect
息子, むすこ -(humble) son
娘, むすめ -(humble) daughter
無理, むり -impossible
召し上がる, めしあがる -(polite) to eat
珍しい, めずらしい -rare
申し上げる, もうしあげる -(humble) to say,to tell
申す, もうす -(humble) to be called,to say
もうすぐ -soon
もし -if
戻る, もどる -to turn back
木綿, もめん -cotton
森, もり -forest
焼く, やく -to bake,to grill
約束, やくそく -promise
役に立つ, やくにたつ -to be helpful
焼ける, やける -to burn,to be roasted
優しい, やさしい -kind
痩せる, やせる -to become thin
やっと -at last
止む, やむ -to stop
止める, やめる -to stop
柔らかい, やわらかい -soft
湯, ゆ -hot water
指, ゆび -finger
指輪, ゆびわ -a ring
夢, ゆめ -dream
揺れる, ゆれる -to shake,to sway
用, よう -use
用意, ようい -preparation
用事, ようじ -things to do
汚れる, よごれる -to get dirty
予習, よしゅう -preparation for a lesson
予定, よてい -arrangement
予約, よやく -reservation
寄る, よる -to visit
喜ぶ, よろこぶ -to be delighted
理由, りゆう -reason
利用, りよう -utilization
両方, りょうほう -both sides
旅館, りょかん -Japanese hotel
留守, るす -absence
冷房, れいぼう -air conditioning
歴史, れきし -history
連絡, れんらく -contact
沸かす, わかす -to boil,to heat
別れる, わかれる -to separate
沸く, わく -to boil, to grow hot,to get excited
訳, わけ -meaning,reason
忘れ物, わすれもの -lost article
笑う, わらう -to laugh,to smile
割合, わりあい -rate,ratio,percentage
割れる, われる -to break
アクセサリー -accessory
アジア -Asia
アナウンサー -announcer
アフリカ -Africa
アメリカ -America
アルコール -alcohol
アルバイト -part-time job
エスカレーター -escalator
オートバイ -motorcycle
カーテン -curtain
ガス -gas
ガソリン -petrol
ガソリンスタンド -petrol station
ガラス -a glass pane
ケーキ -cake
消しゴム, けしゴム -eraser, rubber
コンサート -concert
コンピューター -computer
サラダ -salad
サンダル -sandal
サンドイッチ -sandwich
ジャム -jam
スーツ -suit
スーツケース -suitcase
スクリーン -screen
ステーキ -steak
ステレオ -stereo
ソフト -soft
タイプ -type,style
チェックする -to check
テキスト -text,text book
テニス -tennis
パート -part time
パソコン -personal computer
ハンドバッグ -handbag
ピアノ -piano
ビル -building or bill
ファックス -fax
プレゼント -present
ベル -bell
レジ -register
レポート / リポート -report
ワープロ -word processor
会う, あう -to meet
青, あお -blue
青い, あおい -blue
赤, あか -red
赤い, あかい -red
明い, あかるい -bright
秋, あき -autumn
開く, あく -to open,to become open
開ける, あける -to open
上げる, あげる -to give
朝, あさ -morning
朝御飯, あさごはん -breakfast
あさって -day after tomorrow
足, あし -foot,leg
明日, あした -tomorrow
あそこ -over there
遊ぶ, あそぶ -to play,to make a visit
暖かい, あたたかい -warm
頭, あたま -head
新しい, あたらしい -new
あちら -there
暑い, あつい -hot
熱い, あつい -hot to the touch
厚い, あつい -kind, deep, thick
あっち -over there
後, あと -afterwards
あなた -you
兄, あに -(humble) older brother
姉, あね -(humble) older sister
あの -that over there
あの -um...
アパート -apartment
あびる -to bathe,to shower
危ない, あぶない -dangerous
甘い, あまい -sweet
あまり -not very
雨, あめ -rain
飴, あめ -candy
洗う, あらう -to wash
ある -to be,to have (used for inanimate objects)
歩く, あるく -to walk
あれ -that
いい / よい -good
いいえ -no
言う, いう -to say
家, いえ -house
いかが -how
行く, いく -to go
いくつ -how many?,how old?
いくら -how much?
池, いけ -pond
医者, いしゃ -medical doctor
いす -chair
忙しい, いそがしい -busy,irritated
痛い, いたい -painful
一, いち -one
一日, いちにち -(1) one day, (2) first of month
いちばん -best,first
いつ -when
五日, いつか -five days, fifth day
一緒, いっしょ -together
五つ, いつつ -five
いつも -always
犬, いぬ -dog
今, いま -now
意味, いみ -meaning
妹, いもうと -(humble) younger sister
嫌, いや -unpleasant
入口, いりぐち -entrance
居る, いる -to be, to have (used for people and animals)
要る, いる -to need
入れる, いれる -to put in
色, いろ -colour
いろいろ -various
上, うえ -on top of
後ろ, うしろ -behind
薄い, うすい -thin,weak
歌, うた -song
歌う, うたう -to sing
生まれる, うまれる -to be born
海, うみ -sea
売る, うる -to sell
煩い, うるさい -noisy,annoying
上着, うわぎ -jacket
絵, え -picture
映画, えいが -movie
映画館, えいがかん -cinema
英語, えいご -English language
ええ -yes
駅, えき -station
エレベーター -elevator
鉛筆, えんぴつ -pencil
おいしい -delicious
多い, おおい -many
大きい, おおきい -big
大きな, おおきな -big
大勢, おおぜい -great number of people
お母さん, おかあさん -(honorable) mother
お菓子, おかし -sweets, candy
お金, おかね -money
起きる, おきる -to get up
置く, おく -to put
奥さん, おくさん -(honorable) wife
お酒, おさけ -alcohol, rice wine
お皿, おさら -plate, dish
伯父 / 叔父, おじいさん -grandfather,male senior citizen
教える, おしえる -to teach,to tell
伯父 / 叔父, おじさん -uncle,middle aged gentleman
押す, おす -to push, to stamp something
遅い, おそい -late,slow
お茶, おちゃ -green tea
お手洗い, おてあらい -bathroom
お父さん, おとうさん -(honorable) father
弟, おとうと -younger brother
男, おとこ -man
男の子, おとこのこ -boy
一昨日, おととい -day before yesterday
一昨年, おととし -year before last
大人, おとな -adult
おなか -stomach
同じ, おなじ -same
お兄さん, おにいさん -(honorable) older brother
お姉さん, おねえさん -(honorable) older sister
おばあさん -grandmother,female senior-citizen
伯母さん / 叔母さん, おばさん -aunt
お風呂, おふろ -bath
お弁当, おべんとう -boxed lunch
覚える, おぼえる -to remember
おまわりさん -friendly term for policeman
重い, おもい -heavy
おもしろい -interesting
泳ぐ, およぐ -to swim
降りる, おりる -to get off, to descend
終る, おわる -to finish
音楽, おんがく -music
女, おんな -woman
女の子, おんなのこ -girl
外国, がいこく -foreign country
外国人, がいこくじん -foreigner
会社, かいしゃ -company
階段, かいだん -stairs
買い物, かいもの -shopping
買う, かう -to buy
返す, かえす -to return something
帰る, かえる -to go back
かかる -to take time or money
かぎ -key
書く, かく -to write
学生, がくせい -student
かける -to call by phone
傘, かさ -umbrella
貸す, かす -to lend
風, かぜ -wind
風邪, かぜ -a cold
家族, かぞく -family
方, かた -person, way of doing
学校, がっこう -school
カップ -cup
家庭, かてい -household
角, かど -a corner
かばん -bag,basket
花瓶, かびん -a vase
紙, かみ -paper
カメラ -camera
火曜日, かようび -Tuesday
辛い, からい -spicy
体, からだ -body
借りる, かりる -to borrow
軽い, かるい -light
カレー -curry
カレンダー -calendar
川 / 河, かわ -river
かわいい -cute
漢字, かんじ -Chinese character
木, き -tree,wood
黄色, きいろ -yellow
黄色い, きいろい -yellow
消える, きえる -to disappear
聞く, きく -to hear,to listen to,to ask
北, きた -north
ギター -guitar
汚い, きたない -dirty
喫茶店, きっさてん -coffee lounge
切手, きって -postage stamp
切符, きっぷ -ticket
昨日, きのう -yesterday
九, きゅう / く -nine
牛肉, ぎゅうにく -beef
牛乳, ぎゅうにゅう -milk
今日, きょう -today
教室, きょうしつ -classroom
兄弟, きょうだい -(humble) siblings
去年, きょねん -last year
嫌い, きらい -hate
切る, きる -to cut
着る, きる -to put on from the shoulders down
きれい -pretty,clean
キロ / キログラム -kilogram
キロ / キロメートル -kilometre
銀行, ぎんこう -bank
金曜日, きんようび -Friday
薬, くすり -medicine
ください -please
果物, くだもの -fruit
口, くち -mouth,opening
靴, くつ -shoes
靴下, くつした -socks
国, くに -country
曇り, くもり -cloudy weather
曇る, くもる -to become cloudy,to become dim
暗い, くらい -gloomy
クラス -class
グラム -gram
来る, くる -to come
車, くるま -car,vehicle
黒, くろ -black
黒い, くろい -black
警官, けいかん -policeman
今朝, けさ -this morning
消す, けす -to erase,to turn off power
結構, けっこう -splendid,enough
結婚, けっこん -marriage
月曜日, げつようび -Monday
玄関, げんかん -entry hall
元気, げんき -health, vitality
五, ご -five
公園, こうえん -park
交差点, こうさてん -intersection
紅茶, こうちゃ -black tea
交番, こうばん -police box
声, こえ -voice
コート -coat,tennis court
コーヒー -coffee
ここ -here
午後, ごご -afternoon
九日, ここのか -nine days, ninth day
九つ, ここのつ -nine
午前, ごぜん -morning
答える, こたえる -to answer
こちら -this person or way
こっち -this person or way
コップ -a glass
今年, ことし -this year
言葉, ことば -word,language
子供, こども -child
この -this
御飯, ごはん -cooked rice,meal
コピーする -to copy
困る, こまる -to be worried
これ -this
今月, こんげつ -this month
今週, こんしゅう -this week
こんな -such
今晩, こんばん -this evening
さあ -well…
財布, さいふ -wallet
魚, さかな -fish
先, さき -the future,previous
咲く, さく -to bloom
作文, さくぶん -composition,writing
差す, さす -to stretch out hands,to raise an umbrella
雑誌, ざっし -magazine
砂糖, さとう -sugar
寒い, さむい -cold
さ来年, さらいねん -year after next
三, さん -three
散歩, さんぽする -to stroll
四, し / よん -four
塩, しお -salt
しかし -however
時間, じかん -time
仕事, しごと -job
辞書, じしょ -dictionary
静か, しずか -quiet
下, した -below
七, しち / なな -seven
質問, しつもん -question
自転車, じてんしゃ -bicycle
自動車, じどうしゃ -automobile
死ぬ, しぬ -to die
字引, じびき -dictionary
自分, じぶん -oneself
閉まる, しまる -to close,to be closed
閉める, しめる -to close something
締める, しめる -to tie
じゃ / じゃあ -well then…
写真, しゃしん -photograph
シャツ -shirt
シャワー -shower
十, じゅう / とお -ten
授業, じゅぎょう -lesson,class work
宿題, しゅくだい -homework
上手, じょうず -skillful
丈夫, じょうぶ -strong,durable
しょうゆ -soy sauce
食堂, しょくどう -dining hall
知る, しる -to know
白, しろ -white
白い, しろい -white
新聞, しんぶん -newspaper
水曜日, すいようび -Wednesday
吸う, すう -to smoke,to suck
スカート -skirt
好き, すき -likeable
少ない, すくない -a few
すぐに -instantly
少し, すこし -few
涼しい, すずしい -refreshing
ストーブ -heater
スプーン -spoon
スポーツ -sport
ズボン -trousers
住む, すむ -to live in
スリッパ -slippers
する -to do
座る, すわる -to sit
背, せ -height,stature
生徒, せいと -pupil
セーター -sweater,jumper
せっけん -soap
背広, せびろ -business suit
狭い, せまい -narrow
ゼロ -zero
千, せん -thousand
先月, せんげつ -last month
先週, せんしゅう -last week
先生, せんせい -teacher,doctor
洗濯, せんたく -washing
全部, ぜんぶ -all
掃除, そうじ - cleaning, sweeping
そうして / そして -and
そこ -that place
そちら -over there
そっち -over there
外, そと -outside
その -that
そば -near,beside
空, そら -sky
それ -that
それから -after that
それでは -in that situation
大学, だいがく -university
大使館, たいしかん -embassy
大丈夫, だいじょうぶ -all right
大好き, だいすき -to be very likeable
大切, たいせつ -important
台所, だいどころ -kitchen
たいへん -very
たいへん -difficult situation
高い, たかい -tall, expensive
たくさん -many
タクシー -taxi
出す, だす -to put out
立つ, たつ -to stand
たて -length,height
建物, たてもの -building
楽しい, たのしい -enjoyable
頼む, たのむ -to ask
たばこ -tobacco,cigarettes
たぶん -probably
食べ物, たべもの -food
食べる, たべる -to eat
卵, たまご -egg
誰, だれ -who
誰, だれか -somebody
誕生日, たんじょうび -birthday
だんだん -gradually
小さい, ちいさい -little
小さな, ちいさな -little
近い, ちかい -near
違う, ちがう -to differ
近く, ちかく -near
地下鉄, ちかてつ -underground train
地図, ちず -map
茶色, ちゃいろ -brown
ちゃわん -rice bowl
ちょうど -exactly
ちょっと -somewhat
一日, ついたち -first of month
使う, つかう -to use
疲れる, つかれる -to get tired
次, つぎ -next
着く, つく -to arrive at
机, つくえ -desk
作る, つくる -to make
つける -to turn on
勤める, つとめる -to work for someone
つまらない -boring
冷たい, つめたい -cold to the touch
強い, つよい -powerful
手, て -hand
テープ -tape
テーブル -table
テープレコーダー -tape recorder
出かける, でかける -to go out
手紙, てがみ -letter
できる -to be able to
出口, でぐち -exit
テスト -test
では -with that...
デパート -department store
でも -but
出る, でる -to appear,to leave
テレビ -television
天気, てんき -weather
電気, でんき -electricity,electric light
電車, でんしゃ -electric train
電話, でんわ -telephone
戸, と -Japanese style door
ドア -Western style door
トイレ -toilet
どう -how,in what way
どうして -for what reason
どうぞ -please
動物, どうぶつ -animal
どうも -thanks
遠い, とおい -far
十日, とおか -ten days,the tenth day
時々, ときどき -sometimes
時計, とけい -watch,clock
どこ -where
所, ところ -place
年, とし -year
図書館, としょかん -library
どちら -which of two
どっち -which
とても -very
どなた -who
隣, となり -next door to
どの -which
飛ぶ, とぶ -to fly,to hop
止まる, とまる -to come to a halt
友達, ともだち -friend
土曜日, どようび -Saturday
鳥, とり -bird
とり肉, とりにく -chicken meat
取る, とる -to take something
撮る, とる -to take a photo or record a film
どれ -which (of three or more)
ナイフ -knife
中, なか -middle
長い, ながい -long
鳴く, なく -animal noise. to chirp, roar or croak etc.
無くす, なくす -to lose something
なぜ -why
夏, なつ -summer
夏休み, なつやすみ -summer holiday
など -et cetera
七つ, ななつ -seven
七日, なのか -seven days,the seventh day
名前, なまえ -name
習う, ならう -to learn
並ぶ, ならぶ -to line up,to stand in a line
並べる, ならべる -to line up,to set up
なる -to become
何, なん / なに -what
二, に -two
賑やか, にぎやか -bustling,busy
肉, にく -meat
西, にし -west
日曜日, にちようび -Sunday
荷物, にもつ -luggage
ニュース -news
庭, にわ -garden
脱ぐ, ぬぐ -to take off clothes
温い, ぬるい -luke warm
ネクタイ -tie,necktie
猫, ねこ -cat
寝る, ねる -to go to bed,to sleep
ノート -notebook,exercise book
登る, のぼる -to climb
飲み物, のみもの -a drink
飲む, のむ -to drink
乗る, のる -to get on,to ride
歯, は -tooth
パーティー -party
はい -yes
灰皿, はいざら -ashtray
入る, はいる -to enter,to contain
葉書, はがき -postcard
はく -to wear,to put on trousers
箱, はこ -box
橋, はし -bridge
はし -chopsticks
始まる, はじまる -to begin
初め / 始め, はじめ -beginning
初めて, はじめて -for the first time
走る, はしる -to run
バス -bus
バター -butter
二十歳, はたち -20 years old,20th year
働く, はたらく -to work
八, はち -eight
二十日, はつか -twenty days,twentieth
花, はな -flower
鼻, はな -nose
話, はなし -talk,story
話す, はなす -to speak
早い, はやい -early
速い, はやい -quick
春, はる -spring
貼る, はる -to stick
晴れ, はれ -clear weather
晴れる, はれる -to be sunny
半, はん -half
晩, ばん -evening
パン -bread
ハンカチ -handkerchief
番号, ばんごう -number
晩御飯, ばんごはん -evening meal
半分, はんぶん -half minute
東, ひがし -east
引く, ひく -to pull
弾く, ひく -to play an instrument with strings, including piano
低い, ひくい -short,low
飛行機, ひこうき -aeroplane
左, ひだり -left hand side
人, ひと -person
一つ, ひとつ -one
一月, ひとつき -one month
一人, ひとり -one person
暇, ひま -free time
百, ひゃく -hundred
病院, びょういん -hospital
病気, びょうき -illness
昼, ひる -noon, daytime
昼御飯, ひるごはん -midday meal
広い, ひろい -spacious,wide
フィルム -roll of film
封筒, ふうとう -envelope
プール -swimming pool
フォーク -fork
吹く, ふく -to blow
服, ふく -clothes
二つ, ふたつ -two
豚肉, ぶたにく -pork
二人, ふたり -two people
二日, ふつか -two days, second day of the month
太い, ふとい -fat
冬, ふゆ -winter
降る, ふる -to fall, e.g. rain or snow
古い, ふるい -old (not used for people)
ふろ -bath
文章, ぶんしょう -sentence,text
ページ -page
下手, へた -unskillful
ベッド -bed
ペット -pet
部屋, へや -room
辺, へん -area
ペン -pen
勉強, べんきょうする -to study
便利, べんり -useful, convenient
帽子, ぼうし -hat
ボールペン -ball-point pen
ほか -other, the rest
ポケット -pocket
欲しい, ほしい -want
ポスト -post
細い, ほそい -thin
ボタン -button
ホテル -hotel
本, ほん -book
本棚, ほんだな -bookshelves
ほんとう -truth
毎朝, まいあさ -every morning
毎月, まいげつ / まいつき -every month
毎週, まいしゅう -every week
毎日, まいにち -every day
毎年, まいねん / まいとし -every year
毎晩, まいばん -every night
前, まえ -before
曲る, まがる -to turn,to bend
まずい -unpleasant
また -again,and
まだ -yet,still
町, まち -town,city
待つ, まつ -to wait
まっすぐ -straight ahead,direct
マッチ -match
窓, まど -window
丸い / 円い, まるい -round,circular
万, まん -ten thousand
万年筆, まんねんひつ -fountain pen
磨く, みがく -to brush teeth, to polish
右, みぎ -right side
短い, みじかい -short
水, みず -water
店, みせ -shop
見せる, みせる -to show
道, みち -street
三日, みっか -three days, third day of the month
三つ, みっつ -three
緑, みどり -green
皆さん, みなさん -everyone
南, みなみ -south
耳, みみ -ear
見る / 観る, みる -to see, to watch
みんな -everyone
六日, むいか -six days, sixth day of the month
向こう, むこう -over there
難しい, むずかしい -difficult
六つ, むっつ -six
村, むら -village
目, め -eye
メートル -metre
眼鏡, めがね -glasses
もう -already
もう一度, もういちど -again
木曜日, もくようび -Thursday
持つ, もつ -to hold
もっと -more
物, もの -thing
門, もん -gate
問題, もんだい -problem
八百屋, やおや -greengrocer
野菜, やさい -vegetable
易しい, やさしい -easy, simple
安い, やすい -cheap
休み, やすみ -rest,holiday
休む, やすむ -to rest
八つ, やっつ -eight
山, やま -mountain
やる -to do
夕方, ゆうがた -evening
夕飯, ゆうはん -dinner
郵便局, ゆうびんきょく -post office
昨夜, ゆうべ -last night
有名, ゆうめい -famous
雪, ゆき -snow
ゆっくりと -slowly
八日, ようか -eight days, eighth day of the month
洋服, ようふく -western-style clothes
よく -often, well
横, よこ -beside,side,width
四日, よっか -four days, fouth day of the month
四つ, よっつ -four
呼ぶ, よぶ -to call out,to invite
読む, よむ -to read
夜, よる -evening,night
弱い, よわい -weak
来月, らいげつ -next month
来週, らいしゅう -next week
来年, らいねん -next year
ラジオ -radio
ラジカセ / ラジオカセット -radio cassette player
りっぱ -splendid
留学生, りゅうがくせい -overseas student
両親, りょうしん -both parents
料理, りょうり -cuisine
旅行, りょこう -travel
零, れい -zero
冷蔵庫, れいぞうこ -refrigerator
レコード -record
レストラン -restaurant
練習, れんしゅうする -to practice
廊下, ろうか -corridor
六, ろく -six
ワイシャツ -business shirt
若い, わかい -young
分かる, わかる -to be understood
忘れる, わすれる -to forget
私, わたくし -(humble) I,myself
私, わたし -I,myself
渡す, わたす -to hand over
渡る, わたる -to go across
悪い, わるい -bad
より, ほう -Used for comparison. | 374,930 | Common Lisp | .l | 8,360 | 32.740072 | 120 | 0.770854 | erikmcguire/cl-shiritori | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:19 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 0f8e064ae3f879b602897dea0b354945c042d3e8767419b1e9371ae02ff4686e | 32,710 | [
-1
] |
32,730 | Carr.lisp | rwoldford_Quail/data/Carr.lisp |
(<- genedata
(array
'(0.81 0.72 0.72 0.68 0.85 1 0.89 0.85 0.97
0.91 0.56 0.57 0.47 0.6 0.92 0.71 0.66 1
0.84 0.69 0.75 1 0.77 0.73 0.8 0.65 0.77
1 0.57 0.53 0.75 0.57 0.59 0.75 0.54 0.7
1 1 0.67 0.72 0.87 0.73 0.65 0.41 0.3
0.51 0.42 0.72 0.75 1 0.71 0.74 0.65 0.35
1 0.99 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0.34 0.47 1 0.86 0.73 0.59 0.31 0.19 0.16
0.68 0.63 0.71 0.73 0.74 0.68 0.65 0.79 1
1 0.91 0.96 0.86 0.95 0.77 0.81 0.63 0.63
0.99 1 1 0.49 0.52 0.47 0.42 0.23 0.02
0.87 0.95 0.89 1 0.94 0.89 0.81 0.68 0.83
0 0.01 0.56 0.72 0.99 0.98 0.96 0.86 1
0.23 0.47 0.49 0.34 0.45 0.4 0.42 0.51 1
0.11 0.11 0.2 0.31 0.37 0.59 0.39 0.35 1
0.8 1 0.6 0.66 0.55 0.5 0.34 0.41 0.27
0.9 0.84 0.86 0.88 0.98 1 0.99 0.91 0.72
0.88 0.87 0.89 0.94 1 0.99 0.69 0.35 0.62
0.87 0.71 0.55 0.58 0.61 0.71 0.7 1 0.6
0.48 0.42 0.65 0.62 0.69 0.62 0.81 0.94 1
0.62 0.73 0.62 0.48 0.88 1 0.35 0.29 0.19
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0.86 0.72 0.72 0.74 0.65 0.65 0.47 0.98
0.77 0.98 0.91 0.85 1 0.97 0.79 0.79 0.81
0.9 1 0.84 0.78 0.53 0.57 0.43 0.4 0.19
0.67 0.66 0.99 0.96 1 0.97 0.8 0.33 0.37
0.77 0.62 1 0.61 0.52 0.61 0.38 0.56 0.59
1 0.7 0.86 0.73 0.56 0.51 0.42 0.31 0.28
0.29 0.59 0.14 0.2 0.18 0.24 0.17 0.35 1
0.63 1 0.75 0.36 0.48 0.33 0 0.05 0.37
0.66 1 0.64 0.95 0.99 0.84 0.59 0.55 0.44
0.64 0.66 0.27 0.26 0.4 0.76 0.87 0.9 1
0 0.3 1 0.19 0.07 0.1 0.07 0.03 0
0.05 0.09 1 0.41 0.52 0.54 0.57 0.5 0.59
0.15 0.42 1 0.71 0.82 0.97 0.75 0.99 0.99
0.85 0.95 0.96 0.89 1 0.9 0.81 0.84 0.95
0.68 1 0.79 0.55 0.43 0.5 0.59 0.47 0.27
0.8 0.9 1 0.76 0.75 0.7 0.82 0.9 0.63
1 0.86 0.18 0.28 0.52 0.52 0.4 0.23 0.12
0.39 0.5 0.2 0.37 0.58 0.9 0.98 0.2 1
0.01 0.08 0.11 0.31 0.55 0.68 0.73 0.73 1
0.01 0.04 0.16 0.21 0.48 0.42 0.69 0.64 1
0.87 0.7 0.68 0.82 0.87 0.75 0.77 1 1
0.55 1 0.54 0.51 0.1 0 0 0 0
0.27 0.48 0.33 0.5 1 0.78 0.91 0.76 0.26
1 0.92 0.61 0.75 0.88 0.85 0.76 0.83 0.88
0.82 1 0.99 0.31 0.32 0.32 0.31 0.28 0.5
0.6 0.82 1 0.72 0.57 0.56 0.68 0.82 0.82
1 0.2 0.31 0.24 0.4 0.27 0.19 0.05 0
1 0.77 0.21 0.37 0.4 0.44 0.68 0.69 0.47
0.49 0.63 1 0.54 0.29 0.21 0.1 0.1 0.08
0.02 0.27 0.82 0.88 0.88 0.79 0.76 0.84 1
0.36 0.62 0.7 0.81 0.97 0.96 0.78 0.78 1
0.06 0.17 0.53 0.96 1 0.9 0.51 0.42 0.39
0.03 0.37 0.45 0.66 0.66 0.9 1 0.53 0.3
0.02 0.12 0.19 0.15 0.16 0.25 0.24 0.49 1
0.04 0.03 0.13 0.28 0.38 0.41 0.47 1 0.95
0.08 0.26 0.66 0.62 0.81 0.84 1 0.92 0.74
0.15 0.38 0.76 0.78 1 0.83 0.87 0.85 0.81
0.02 0 0.22 0.57 0.65 0.6 0.63 1 0.95
0 0 0 0.03 0.31 0.43 1 0.86 0.75
0 0 0 0 0.01 0.18 0.7 1 0.87
0.09 0.29 0.67 1 0.85 0.73 0.7 0.61 0.62
0.05 0.13 0.81 1 1 0.96 0.81 0.7 0.68
0.08 0.08 0.3 0.78 1 0.89 0.73 0.64 0.58
0.32 0.59 1 0.8 0.57 0.43 0.28 0.24 0.13
0.09 0.26 0.84 1 0.53 0.27 0.07 0.03 0
0.15 0.19 1 0.68 0.84 0.83 0.86 0.81 0.82
0 0.01 0.25 0.23 0.47 0.41 0.56 0.71 1
0.04 0.1 0.39 0.65 0.78 0.84 1 0.92 0.94
0.92 1 0.9 0.8 0.78 0.78 0.69 0.65 0.56
0.52 1 0.83 0.66 0.53 0.57 0.19 0.23 0
0.06 0.16 0.73 0.68 0.94 1 0.86 0.7 0.43
0 0 0 0.4 0.91 1 0.81 0.7 0.54
0.14 0.69 1 0.69 0.89 0.85 0.68 0.61 0.14
0.02 0.15 0.95 0.6 0.88 1 0.59 0.47 0.24
0.24 0.83 1 0.85 0.88 0.79 0.62 0.34 0.35
0.95 1 0.19 0.51 0.32 0.69 0.7 0 0
0.47 0.11 0.12 0.89 1 0.94 0.74 0.92 0.5
0.36 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0.26 0 0.03 0 0 0.15
0.05 0.03 0.26 0.69 0.78 0.8 0.97 1 0.53
0.1 0.17 0.29 0.5 1 0.98 0.37 0.39 0.11
0.29 0.21 0.08 0.2 0.46 0.5 0.64 1 0.59
0.3 0.41 0.53 0.64 0.67 0.78 0.85 0.97 1
0.01 0.06 0.58 0.8 0.8 0.89 0.79 0.94 1
0.17 0.16 0.89 1 0.91 0.79 0.64 0.84 0.73
0.01 0.19 0.53 0.81 1 0.94 0.67 0.53 0.22
0.06 0.06 0.54 0.94 0.97 0.94 0.83 1 0.87
0 0 0.33 0.58 0.56 0.53 0.54 1 0.5
0 0 0 1 0.57 0.66 0.66 0.27 0.17
0.27 0.36 0.74 0.74 0.8 0.79 0.69 1 0.57
0.01 0.03 0.23 0.5 0.48 0.58 0.55 0.97 1
0 0.32 0.73 0.83 0.81 0.63 0.53 0.65 1
0.13 0.18 0.54 0.85 1 0.92 0.69 0.74 0.61
0 0 0 0.19 0.21 0.25 0.19 0.45 1
0 0.41 0.35 0.84 0.82 1 0.73 0.11 0.25
0.02 0.07 0.4 0.79 0.89 0.79 0.66 0.93 1
0 0 0.15 0.29 0.89 1 0.7 0.39 0.53
0 0 0.15 1 0.8 0.76 0.73 0.5 0.61
0 0.14 0.64 0.67 0.92 1 0.47 0.09 0.18
0 0.12 0.31 0.87 0.92 0.87 0.64 1 0.75
0.21 0 1 0.86 0.95 0.82 0.49 0.5 0.34
0 0 0.19 1 0.84 0.88 0.87 0.43 0.5
0 0 0 0 0 0.07 0.14 0.38 1
0.07 0 0.48 0.73 0.71 0.68 0.49 0.81 1
0 0 0 0.38 0.68 1 0.58 0.22 0.35
0.67 0.62 0.33 0.76 0.99 1 0.5 0.32 0.21
0.15 0.34 0.57 0.76 1 0.98 0.71 0.63 0.29
0 0 0.12 0.58 0.73 0.81 1 0.92 0.82
0.15 0.1 0.43 0.81 1 0.84 0.79 0.64 0.54
0.15 0.15 0.52 0.75 0.75 1 0.72 0.19 0.05
)
:dimensions '(112 9)
)
)
(<- gene-vars '("Gestation day 11"
"Gestation day 13"
"Gestation day 15"
"Gestation day 18"
"Gestation day 21"
"Birth day"
"Day 7"
"Day 14"
"Adult"))
(<- gene-ids '(L1
NFL
NFM
NFH
synaptophysin
neno
S100_beta
GFAP
MOG
GAD65
pre-GAD67
GAD67
G67I80/86
G67I86
GAT1
ChAT
ACHE
ODC
TH
NOS
nAChRa2
nAChRa3
nAChRa4
nAChRa5
nAChRa6
nAChRa7
nAChRd
nAChRe
mAChR2
mAChR3
mAChR4
GRa1
GRa2
GRa3
GRa4
GRa5
GRb1
GRb2
GRb3
GRg1
GRg2
GRg3
mGluR1
mGluR2
mGluR3
mGluR4
mGluR5
mGluR6
mGluR7
mGluR8
NMDA1
NMDA2A
NMDA2B
NMDA2C
NMDA2D
5HT1b
5HT1c
5HT2
5HT3
))
(<- euclidean-clusters
'(1 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 1 1 3 1 4 5 5 3 1 1
1 5 3 3 1 1 3 1 3 3 5 3 1 5 3 2 4 1
3 1 3 2 5 5 1 3 2 1 3 1 3 3 3 4 2 6
6 5 5 4 4 5 5 5 4 4 6 3 3 4 5 4 1 3
4 6 3 4 3 3 6 3 3 6 6 5 2 4 4 6 4 4
6 4 5 4 6 5 6 4 6 6 6 6 4 6 5 4 6 3
6 6 6 6)
)
(<- genedata (cglue genedata euclidean-clusters))
(<- rat-genes
(dataset genedata :variates (append gene-vars '("Euclidean Clusters"))
:identifiers gene-ids :name "Dan Carr's gene data."))
(<- line-colors
'("RED" "RED" "RED" "RED" "RED" "RED" "RED" "RED" "RED" "WHITE"
"RED" "RED" "RED" "RED" "WHITE" "RED" "RED" "RED" "RED" "RED"
"RED" "RED" "RED" "RED" "RED" "RED" "RED" "RED" "RED" "RED"
"RED" "RED" "WHITE" "RED" "WHITE" "WHITE" "RED" "WHITE" "RED"
"WHITE" "WHITE" "RED" "WHITE" "WHITE" "GREEN" "WHITE" "WHITE"
"WHITE" "WHITE" "WHITE" "WHITE" "WHITE" "WHITE" "YELLOW" "YELLOW"
"YELLOW" "RED" "WHITE" "RED" "RED" "RED" "RED" "WHITE" "RED" "RED"
"RED" "RED" "RED" "RED" "YELLOW" "YELLOW" "YELLOW" "YELLOW" "YELLOW"
"YELLOW" "YELLOW" "YELLOW" "RED" "RED" "RED" "RED" "RED" "SKYBLUE"
"SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE"
"WHITE" "SKYBLUE" "WHITE" "ORANGE" "ORANGE" "WHITE" "ORANGE" "ORANGE"
"YELLOW" "YELLOW" "YELLOW" "YELLOW" "YELLOW" "RED" "RED" "RED" "RED"
"RED" "RED" "RED" "RED" "RED" "WHITE" "WHITE" "RED" "RED" "RED" "RED"
"WHITE" "WHITE" "WHITE" "WHITE" "WHITE" "WHITE" "YELLOW" "WHITE" "YELLOW"
"YELLOW" "YELLOW" "RED" "RED" "RED" "RED" "RED" "RED" "RED" "YELLOW" "YELLOW"
"WHITE" "RED" "WHITE" "WHITE" "WHITE" "YELLOW" "YELLOW" "WHITE" "YELLOW"
"YELLOW" "YELLOW" "YELLOW" "ORANGE" "YELLOW" "YELLOW" "YELLOW" "YELLOW"
"RED" "WHITE" "WHITE" "WHITE" "YELLOW" "WHITE" "WHITE" "WHITE" "SKYBLUE"
"WHITE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "YELLOW" "YELLOW" "RED"
"RED" "RED" "YELLOW" "YELLOW" "ORANGE" "ORANGE" "ORANGE" "ORANGE" "RED"
"YELLOW" "YELLOW" "YELLOW" "YELLOW" "WHITE" "WHITE" "RED" "RED" "YELLOW" "YELLOW" "YELLOW" "YELLOW" "YELLOW" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "WHITE" "WHITE" "WHITE" "WHITE" "WHITE" "HOTPINK" "WHITE" "WHITE" "WHITE" "HOTPINK" "HOTPINK" "HOTPINK" "HOTPINK" "HOTPINK" "WHITE" "HOTPINK" "HOTPINK" "WHITE" "HOTPINK" "HOTPINK" "HOTPINK" "WHITE" "ORANGE" "ORANGE" "ORANGE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "ORANGE" "ORANGE" "ORANGE" "WHITE" "ORANGE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "HOTPINK" "HOTPINK" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "WHITE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "WHITE" "WHITE" "SKYBLUE" "WHITE" "SKYBLUE" "WHITE" "SKYBLUE" "WHITE" "HOTPINK" "HOTPINK" "YELLOW" "WHITE" "WHITE" "SKYBLUE" "WHITE" "WHITE" "HOTPINK" "HOTPINK" "HOTPINK" "HOTPINK" "HOTPINK" "WHITE" "HOTPINK" "WHITE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "SKYBLUE" "HOTPINK" "HOTPINK" "SKYBLUE" "WHITE" "SKYBLUE" "HOTPINK" "SKYBLUE" "WHITE" "SKYBLUE" "HOTPINK" "HOTPINK" "ORANGE" "HOTPINK" "WHITE" "HOTPINK" "WHITE" "SKYBLUE" "HOTPINK" "HOTPINK" "WHITE" "HOTPINK" "WHITE" "HOTPINK")
)
;;; case ids to connect as lines
(<- lines
(array
'(1 2
1 3
1 9
1 17
1 19
1 38
1 43
1 46
1 48
1 53
2 4
2 9
2 19
2 23
2 32
2 43
2 46
3 4
3 9
3 10
3 17
3 18
3 23
3 31
3 38
3 43
3 46
3 48
3 71
4 5
4 19
4 23
4 27
4 48
4 50
5 16
5 18
5 25
5 26
5 27
5 28
5 31
5 37
6 31
6 45
6 55
6 73
6 75
6 77
6 79
6 92
6 103
6 108
7 44
7 80
8 66
9 19
9 20
9 23
9 43
9 46
9 48
9 53
10 12
10 18
10 31
10 38
10 46
10 71
11 16
11 25
11 28
11 30
11 37
11 39
11 47
11 72
12 17
12 24
12 36
12 38
12 46
13 52
13 58
13 59
13 68
13 70
13 86
13 89
13 98
13 102
13 106
13 110
14 15
14 29
14 34
15 41
15 84
16 25
16 27
16 28
16 37
16 72
17 24
17 36
17 38
17 46
17 71
18 26
18 31
18 71
19 23
19 27
19 32
19 38
19 43
19 46
19 48
19 50
20 53
20 85
20 92
21 26
21 45
21 77
21 83
21 108
22 49
22 80
23 26
23 31
23 38
23 43
23 46
23 48
24 36
25 28
25 37
26 27
26 31
26 77
26 108
27 31
27 37
27 47
27 48
27 50
28 37
28 47
28 72
29 105
30 44
30 47
30 51
30 72
31 48
31 108
32 40
32 50
33 81
34 76
34 83
34 103
35 52
35 53
35 59
35 68
35 92
35 94
37 47
37 72
38 46
38 48
38 71
39 50
39 78
41 57
41 60
41 69
42 69
43 46
44 47
44 51
44 78
44 80
45 55
45 79
46 48
46 71
47 51
47 72
49 80
51 67
51 72
52 58
52 59
52 63
52 64
52 68
52 86
52 87
52 89
52 92
52 94
53 59
53 64
53 68
53 92
53 94
54 55
54 63
54 73
54 76
54 83
54 88
54 95
54 97
54 101
54 103
54 109
54 112
55 73
55 79
55 83
55 97
55 103
56 96
56 105
57 60
58 59
58 68
58 70
58 73
58 89
58 92
58 94
59 63
59 64
59 68
59 87
59 89
59 92
60 93
61 62
61 84
61 90
62 84
63 64
63 73
63 87
63 92
63 94
63 103
64 68
64 73
64 87
64 92
65 95
65 111
68 87
68 92
68 94
70 82
70 86
70 89
70 98
70 102
70 110
73 76
73 88
73 92
73 95
73 103
73 109
74 99
74 107
75 77
76 77
76 101
76 103
76 109
77 103
82 110
83 91
83 97
83 101
83 107
83 108
83 112
84 90
86 89
86 98
87 92
88 95
88 109
89 98
89 102
89 106
91 97
92 94
93 106
94 106
95 109
95 111
96 105
97 101
97 103
97 112
98 102
98 106
99 107
100 104
101 103
101 112
102 106
102 110)
:dimensions '(316 2))
)
| 14,865 | Common Lisp | .lisp | 544 | 17.384191 | 1,267 | 0.438527 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 2b622752ed3232b5529fa3e87e479a50690bdbec268b08538054f31b3951e6bc | 32,730 | [
-1
] |
32,731 | restored-lisp-functions.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/initialization/restored-lisp-functions.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; restored-lisp-functions.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1991 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; R.W. Oldford 1991.
;;;
;;;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :quail)
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Top-level functions to be restored first.
;;;
(add-restore-lisp-functions #'setup-system-top-level-loop-variable
#'setup-legal-top-level-loop-functions
#'setup-legal-quail-loop
#'qk::find-quail
;; #'(lambda () (ccl:eval-enqueue '(quail)))
;;#'install-quail-menubar
#'qk::load-quail-init
;; The following seems to cause a problem in MCL 4.1 +
;; #'qk::quail-release-print
)
(add-save-exit-functions #'qk::quail-release-unprint)
| 1,265 | Common Lisp | .lisp | 30 | 30.333333 | 89 | 0.350448 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | f20775871f85ff11eb9ae2067188465672576611f091d1fb0c609ef2e2a3705c | 32,731 | [
-1
] |
32,732 | draw-text(*).lisp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/host/draw-text(*).lisp | From Greg Bennett running "Version 1.11-r16812 (LinuxX8664)" of Clozure
under Linux Mint 18.1 64bit.
I have two queries about draw-text* as I try to port code to mcclim,
and a comment
[C] The comment first. It seems that the towards-x and towards-y and towards-point
of the printed page should be, respectively, toward-x, toward-y, and toward-point.
The latter are accepted, the former produce in invalid keyword error.
I use the setup defined by p19 of the CLIM2.2.2 manual which gives mea
*test-frame* and *test-pane* together with a live repl.
I try this:
(draw-text* *test-pane* "Some Text" 25 25)
and receive, rather to my surprise, I confess:
Stream #<BASIC-FILE-BINARY-INPUT-STREAM ("/usr/share/fonts/truetype/dejavu/DejaVuSans.ttf"/6 ISO-8859-1) #x302003C2055D> is private to #<PROCESS test(13) [Semaphore timed wait] #x302003BCF8AD>
[Condition of type SIMPLE-ERROR]
[Q1] Does this mean that I have to specify the text-style explicitly every time I call draw-text* even if
I want the value of *default-text-style*?
In an attempt to write vertically, I see that x,y is the start and things are drawn on the line from it to
toward-x toward-y. Thus I try 25 25 25 500 to get things vertically setting :transform-glyphs to T just in case:
(draw-text* *test-pane* "Some more text" 25 25 :text-style (clim:make-text-style :fix :bold :large) :toward-x 25 :toward-y 500 :transform-glyphs T)
and there is the text, still horizontally displayed.
[Q2] What have I failed to percieve ?
Thanks for any and all advice and assistance
Cheers /Greg Bennett | 1,565 | Common Lisp | .lisp | 23 | 66.434783 | 192 | 0.769883 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 37a4c4f2e7980fdb8d5d74e2e8aecb167bf895d42f2123a7ef5db91ff0fef5f0 | 32,732 | [
-1
] |
32,733 | clim-ellipses.lisp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/host/clim-ellipses.lisp | ;; This clim-ellipses.lisp
;; holding some test forms based on P34-35 and P53 of the clim-ug 2.2.2
;; started 03May2017
(draw-ellipse* *test-pane* 100 100 30 0 0 20 :start-angle 0)
;; There it is (green as it happens as a carry over from invert-rectangle)
(draw-ellipse* *test-pane* 200 200 30 0 0 50 :filled NIL)
;; another one .. so start-angle defaults to 0, it seems - that is reasonable
(draw-ellipse* *test-pane* 300 300 30 10 10 50)
;; Fails because we can only draw ellipses parallel to the standard coordinate axes
;; But there is the keyword argument transformation and P71 shows how to combine
;; transforms, including location and scale and rotation. Critically, there is
;; the identity: +identity-transformation+ so that simple location, scale, rotation
;; changes are composites with +i-t+ as described on P71 etc..
;;
;; Quail's draw-ellipse uses canvas left &optional top right bot suggesting
;; axes-aligned figures - check with rwo.
;;
;; arcs seem to come from :start-angle and :end-angle arguments.
(draw-ellipse* *test-pane* 300 300 30 0 0 50 :start-angle 1.0 :end-angle 2.0)
;; Yup
;; SInce the syntax is ltrb, try This:
;; A rectangle centred at 200 200, 200 wide 100 high:
(draw-rectangle* *test-pane* 100 150 300 250 :filled NIL)
(draw-ellipse* *test-pane* 200 200 100 0 0 50 :filled NIL)
;; the ellipse matches the box since we must draw parallel to the axes
;; at some point I must try the :transformation argument.
;;; On to polygons..
;;; the manual mentions a list of either points or x-y pairs .. is this a real list?
;; Try this
(draw-polygon* *test-pane* 100 100 180 190 250 330 100 100 :filled NIL)
;; Nope - incorrect argumen error. Try this instead
(draw-polygon* *test-pane* (list 100 100 180 190 250 330 100 100) :filled NIL)
;; That's OK There is also d-p which takes a list of points as vertices.
(setf vertices (list (make-point 100 100) (make-point 180 190) (make-point 250 200) (make-point 100 100)))
(draw-polygon *test-pane* vertices :filled NIL) -> OK
;; This is the way the -pc function is called
;;
;; Now strings/text
(draw-text* *test-pane* "Some Text" 25 25)
;; Yipe!
Stream #<BASIC-FILE-BINARY-INPUT-STREAM ("/usr/share/fonts/truetype/dejavu/DejaVuSans.ttf"/6 ISO-8859-1) #x302003C2055D> is private to #<PROCESS test(13) [Semaphore timed wait] #x302003BCF8AD>
[Condition of type SIMPLE-ERROR]
;; But
(clim:with-text-style (*test-pane* (clim:make-text-style :fix :bold :large))
(write-string "Here is a text-style example." *test-pane*))
;; works
;; Try this
(draw-text* *test-pane* "Some text" 25 25 :text-style (clim:make-text-style :fix :bold :large) :towards-x 25 :towards-y 100 :transform-glyphs T)
;; Which draws the text horizonatally
(draw-text *test-pane* "Some more text" (make-point 25 25) :text-style (clim:make-text-style :fix :bold :large) :toward-point (make-point 25 200)) | 2,857 | Common Lisp | .lisp | 50 | 55.88 | 192 | 0.733262 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 3efa3b9fe96e807026f2da5142424e50c6bede76f2520cefb76834f8e7e845f9 | 32,733 | [
-1
] |
32,734 | d-i-r.lisp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/host/d-i-r.lisp | (defun draw-inside-rectangle (canvas left &optional top right bot)
"Draws a specified box no longer worrying about ~
Inside but compatible with fast-macros."
(let ((mp (clim-user::get-frame-pane canvas 'display)))
(cond ((numberp bot)
(format t "~% bot=number: l t r b as input ~d ~d ~d ~d ~%" left top right bot)
(let* ((mx (truncate (+ left right) 2))
(my (truncate (+ top bot ) 2))
(sh (truncate (- right left) 2))
(sv (truncate (- bot top) 2))
(lhs (- mx sh))
(rhs (+ lhs (- right left)))
(ths (if (oddp (- bot top)) (- my sv -1) (- my sv)))
(bhs (+ ths (- bot top))))
;(if (= 1 (- rhs lhs))
(format t "~% bot=number l t r b used ~d ~d ~d ~d ~%" lhs ths rhs bhs)
;(clim-user::draw-point* mp lhs ths :ink clim-user::+black+)
;(clim-user::draw-rectangle* mp lhs ths rhs bhs :filled NIL))
))
((equal (type-of left) 'STANDARD-RECTANGLE)
;;; left is then a box which must be picked apart
(let* ((lx (clim-user::rectangle-min-x left)) (rx (clim-user::rectangle-max-x left))
(ty (clim-user::rectangle-min-y left)) (by (clim-user::rectangle-max-y left))
(mx (truncate (+ lx rx) 2))
(my (truncate (+ ty by ) 2))
(sh (truncate (- rx lx) 2))
(sv (truncate (- by ty) 2))
(lhs (- mx sh))
(rhs (+ lhs (- rx lx)))
(ths (if (oddp (- by ty)) (- my sv -1) (- my sv)))
(bhs (+ ths (- by ty))))
(format t "~% left=rectangle: l t r b as input ~d ~d ~d ~d ~%" lx ty rx by)
(format t "~% left=rectangle: l t r b as input ~d ~d ~d ~d ~%" lhs ths rhs bhs)
;(if (= 1 (- rhs lhs))
;(clim-user::draw-point* mp lhs ths :ink clim-user::+black+)
;(clim-user::draw-rectangle* mp lhs ths rhs bhs :filled NIL))
))
((equal (type-of top) 'STANDARD-POINT)
;;; top is a position and thus so is left. left is top-left top is bottom-right
(let* ((lx (clim-user::point-x left)) (rx (clim-user::point-x top))
(ty (clim-user::point-y left)) (by (clim-user::point-y top))
(mx (truncate (+ lx rx) 2))
(my (truncate (+ ty by ) 2))
(sh (truncate (- rx lx) 2))
(sv (truncate (- by ty) 2))
(lhs (- mx sh))
(rhs (+ lhs (- rx lx)))
(ths (if (oddp (- by ty)) (- my sv -1) (- my sv)))
(bhs (+ ths (- by ty))))
(format t "~% top=point: l t r b as input ~d ~d ~d ~d ~%" lx tx rx bx)
(format t "~% top=point: l t r b as input ~d ~d ~d ~d ~%" lhs ths rhs bhs)
;(if (= 1 (- rhs lhs)) ;;02nov99
;(clim-user::draw-point* mp lhs ths :ink clim-user::+black+)
;(clim-user::draw-rectangle* mp lhs ths rhs bhs :filled NIL))
))
((equal (type-of right) 'STANDARD-POINT)
;;; left *is* left, top *is* top, right *is* position(bottom-right)
(let* ((lx left) (rx (clim-user::point-x right)) (ty top)
(by (clim-user::point-y right))
(mx (truncate (+ lx rx) 2))
(my (truncate (+ ty by ) 2))
(sh (truncate (- rx lx) 2))
(sv (truncate (- by ty) 2))
(lhs (- mx sh))
(rhs (+ lhs (- rx lx)))
(ths (if (oddp (- by ty)) (- my sv -1) (- my sv)))
(bhs (+ ths (- by ty))))
(format t "~% right=point: l t r b as input ~d ~d ~d ~d ~%" lx tx rx bx)
(format t "~% right=point: l t r b as input ~d ~d ~d ~d ~%" lhs ths rhs bhs)
;(if (= 1 (- rhs lhs)) ;;02nov99
;(clim-user::draw-point* mp lhs ths rhs bhs :ink clim-user::+black+)
;(clim-user::draw-rectangle* mp lhs ths rhs bhs :filled NIL))
))
#|
(t
;;; all four arguments are what they say they are
(let* ((mx (truncate (+ left right) 2))
(my (truncate (+ top bot ) 2))
(sh (truncate (- right left) 2))
(sv (truncate (- bot top) 2))
(lhs (- mx sh))
(rhs (+ lhs (- right left)))
(ths (if (oddp (- bot top)) (- my sv -1) (- my sv))) ;<**
(bhs (+ ths (- bot top))))
(if (= 1 (- rhs lhs)) ;;02nov99
(setf (cg::pixel-x-y mp lhs ths) cg::black) ;;02nov99
(cg::draw-box mp (cg::make-box lhs ths rhs bhs)))
))|#
)))
| 4,852 | Common Lisp | .lisp | 89 | 39.202247 | 94 | 0.441948 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 7e7d4e7a1fcf165c6bd24986ce7a36de1250fb10edc0821da993f128319be942 | 32,734 | [
-1
] |
32,735 | host-draw-outtakes.lisp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/host/host-draw-outtakes.lisp | ;(defun make-point (x &optional y)
; "Returns a point having x and y as its coordinates."
; (if y
; (cg::make-position x y)
; (if (cg::positionp x)
; x
; (error "X (~s) is not a position or y missing" x)
; )))
;(defun point-x (point)
; "Returns the x-coordinate of point."
; (cg::position-x point))
;(defun point-y (point)
; "Returns the y-coordinate of point."
; (cg::position-y point))
;(defun pen-position (canvas)
; (let ((mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
; (cg::current-position mp)))
;(defun pen-size (canvas)
; (let ((mp (cg::frame-child canvas )))
; (cg::line-width mp)))
#| ;;original version 18oct05
(defun set-pen-size (canvas h &optional v)
(declare (inline point-x point-y))
(let ((mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
(if v
(cg::set-line-width mp (floor (+ h v) 2))
(cg::set-line-width mp (floor (+ (point-x h)
(point-y h))
2)))))
|#
#| old version 18oct05
(defun set-pen-color (canvas new-color)
(let ((mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
(cg::set-foreground-color mp new-color)))
|# old version 18oct05
;; start new version 18oct05
; (declare (inline point-x point-y))
; (let ((mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
; (if v
; (setf (cg::line-width mp) (floor (+h v) 2))
; (setf (cg::line-width mp) (floor (+ (point-x h)
; (point-y h))
; 2)))))
;; end new version 18oct05
;(defun pen-mode (canvas)
; (let ((mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
; (cg::paint-operation mp)))
;(defun set-pen-mode (canvas new-mode)
; (let ((mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
; ;(cg::set-paint-operation mp new-mode) 18oct05
; (setf (cg::paint-operation mp) new-mode) ;18oct05
; ))
;(defun set-pen-pattern (canvas new-mode)
; (let ((mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
; (setf (cg::line-texture mp) new-pattern)))
;;; start new version 18oct05
;(defun set-pen-color (canvas new-color)
; (let ((mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
; (setf (cg::foreground-color mp) new-color)))
;;; end new version 18oct05
;(defun move-to (canvas h &optional v)
; (let ((mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
; (if v
; (cg::move-to-x-y mp h v)
; (cg::move-to mp h))))
;(defun move (canvas h &optional v)
; (let ((mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
; (if v
; (cg::move-by-x-y mp h v)
; (cg::move-by mp h))))
;(defun line-to (canvas h &optional v)
; (let ((mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
; (cg::draw-to mp (make-point h v))))
;; WHat does the following form do then ? What is draw-by about ?
;; It draws from cur-pos to cur-pos+offset
;(defun line (canvas h &optional v)
; (let ((mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
; (cg::draw-by mp (make-point h v))))
#|original version
(defun draw-line (canvas x1 y1 x2 y2)
(move-to canvas x1 y1)
(line-to canvas x2 y2))
|#
;; Add a point if we are drawing horizontally or vertically
;; to fix the cross symbol in static form (vs dynamic form).
;(defun draw-line (canvas x1 y1 x2 y2)
; (let ((mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
; (move-to canvas x1 y1)
; (line-to canvas x2 y2)
; (cond ((= x1 x2)
; (cg::draw-to mp (cg::make-position x2 (+ 1 y2))))
; ((= y1 y2)
; (cg::draw-to mp (cg::make-position (+ 1 x2) y2)))
; )
; (cg::move-to mp (cg::make-position x2 y2) ;; to expected end for next draw
; )))
;(defun draw-rectangle (canvas left right bot top) ;;x1 x2 y1 y2)
; (let ((mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
; (cg::draw-box mp (cg::make-box left top right bot))) ;; x1 y1 x2 y2)))
; )
;; Version compatible with fast-macros using centre and radius
;; in drawing boxes - 15 Feb 98
;; and compatible with V/V-M/draw-macros.lsp/with-point-symbol-bounds
;; 17 Feb 98. and fixed overall Feb 25 1998
;(defun draw-inside-rectangle (canvas left &optional top right bot)
; "Draws a specified box no longer worrying about ~
;Inside but compatible with fast-macros."
; (let ((mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
; (cond ((numberp left)
; (let* ((mx (truncate (+ left right) 2))
; (my (truncate (+ top bot ) 2))
; (sh (truncate (- right left) 2))
; (sv (truncate (- bot top) 2))
; (lhs (- mx sh))
; (rhs (+ lhs (- right left)))
; (ths (if (oddp (- bot top)) (- my sv -1) (- my sv))) ;<**
; (bhs (+ ths (- bot top))))
; (if (= 1 (- rhs lhs)) ;;02nov99
; (setf (cg::pixel-x-y mp lhs ths) cg::black) ;;02nov99
; (cg::draw-box mp (cg::make-box lhs ths rhs bhs)))
; ))
; ((cg::boxp left)
; ;;; left is then a box which must be picked apart
; (let* ((lx (cg::box-left left)) (rx (cg::box-right left))
; (ty (cg::box-top left)) (by (cg::box-bottom left))
; (mx (truncate (+ lx rx) 2))
; (my (truncate (+ ty by ) 2))
; (sh (truncate (- rx lx) 2))
; (sv (truncate (- by ty) 2))
; (lhs (- mx sh))
; (rhs (+ lhs (- rx lx)))
; (ths (if (oddp (- by ty)) (- my sv -1) (- my sv)))
; (bhs (+ ths (- by ty))))
; (if (= 1 (- rhs lhs)) ;;02nov99
; (setf (cg::pixel-x-y mp lhs ths) cg::black) ;;02nov99
; (cg::draw-box mp (cg::make-box lhs ths rhs bhs)))
; ))
; ((cg::positionp top)
; ;;; top is a position and thus so is left. left is top-left top is bottom-right
; (let* ((lx (cg::position-x left)) (rx (cg::position-x top))
; (ty (cg::position-y left)) (by (cg::position-y top))
; (mx (truncate (+ lx rx) 2))
; (my (truncate (+ ty by ) 2))
; (sh (truncate (- rx lx) 2))
; (sv (truncate (- by ty) 2))
; (lhs (- mx sh))
; (rhs (+ lhs (- rx lx)))
; (ths (if (oddp (- by ty)) (- my sv -1) (- my sv)))
; (bhs (+ ths (- by ty))))
; (if (= 1 (- rhs lhs)) ;;02nov99
; (setf (cg::pixel-x-y mp lhs ths) cg::black) ;;02nov99
; (cg::draw-box mp (cg::make-box lhs ths rhs bhs)))
; ))
; ((cg::positionp right)
; ;;; left *is* left, top *is* top, right *is* position(bottom-right)
; (let* ((lx left) (rx (cg::position-x right)) (ty top)
; (by (cg::position-y right))
; (mx (truncate (+ lx rx) 2))
; (my (truncate (+ ty by ) 2))
; (sh (truncate (- rx lx) 2))
; (sv (truncate (- by ty) 2))
; (lhs (- mx sh))
; (rhs (+ lhs (- rx lx)))
; (ths (if (oddp (- by ty)) (- my sv -1) (- my sv)))
; (bhs (+ ths (- by ty))))
; (if (= 1 (- rhs lhs)) ;;02nov99
; (setf (cg::pixel-x-y mp lhs ths) cg::black) ;;02nov99
; (cg::draw-box mp (cg::make-box lhs ths rhs bhs)))
; ))
; #|
; (t
; ;;; all four arguments are what they say they are
; (let* ((mx (truncate (+ left right) 2))
; (my (truncate (+ top bot ) 2))
; (sh (truncate (- right left) 2))
; (sv (truncate (- bot top) 2))
; (lhs (- mx sh))
; (rhs (+ lhs (- right left)))
; (ths (if (oddp (- bot top)) (- my sv -1) (- my sv))) ;<**
; (bhs (+ ths (- bot top))))
; (if (= 1 (- rhs lhs)) ;;02nov99
; (setf (cg::pixel-x-y mp lhs ths) cg::black) ;;02nov99
; (cg::draw-box mp (cg::make-box lhs ths rhs bhs)))
; ))|#
; )))
#|
> .. what (draw-inside-rectangle canvas left top right bottom) is supposed
> to draw.
>
> Is it supposed to really draw (+ 1 left) (+ 1 top) (- 1 right) (- 1
> bot) ,for example, thus
>
> drawing 1-inside l t r b ?
I think so. Can¹t tell from the mac version but from host-draw-clx.lsp
it seems that that is true.
(defun draw-inside-rectangle (canvas left &optional top right bot)
(let* ((window (wb::host-window canvas))
(gcontext (wb::gcontext canvas))
(x1 (+ left 1))
(y1 (+ top 1))
(width (- right x1 1))
(height (- bot y1 1)))
(xlib:draw-rectangle window gcontext x1 y1 width height)
(move-to canvas x1 y1)))
|#
#| carry over from -pc and not correct even then
(defun draw-inside-rectangle (canvas left &optional top right bot)
"Draws a specified box no longer worrying about ~
Inside but compatible with fast-macros."
(let ((mp (clim-user::get-frame-pane canvas 'display)))
(cond ((numberp bot)
(let* ((mx (truncate (+ left right) 2))
(my (truncate (+ top bot ) 2))
(sh (truncate (- right left) 2))
(sv (truncate (- bot top) 2))
(lhs (- mx sh))
(rhs (+ lhs (- right left)))
(ths (if (oddp (- bot top)) (- my sv -1) (- my sv)))
(bhs (+ ths (- bot top))))
(if (= 1 (- rhs lhs))
(clim-user::draw-point* mp lhs ths :ink clim-user::+black+)
(clim-user::draw-rectangle* mp lhs ths rhs bhs :filled NIL))
))
((equal (type-of left) 'STANDARD-RECTANGLE)
;;; left is then a box which must be picked apart
(let* ((lx (clim-user::rectangle-min-x left)) (rx (clim-user::rectangle-max-x left))
(ty (clim-user::rectangle-min-y left)) (by (clim-user::rectangle-max-y left))
(mx (truncate (+ lx rx) 2))
(my (truncate (+ ty by ) 2))
(sh (truncate (- rx lx) 2))
(sv (truncate (- by ty) 2))
(lhs (- mx sh))
(rhs (+ lhs (- rx lx)))
(ths (if (oddp (- by ty)) (- my sv -1) (- my sv)))
(bhs (+ ths (- by ty))))
(if (= 1 (- rhs lhs))
(clim-user::draw-point* mp lhs ths :ink clim-user::+black+)
(clim-user::draw-rectangle* mp lhs ths rhs bhs :filled NIL))
))
((equal (type-of top) 'STANDARD-POINT)
;;; top is a position and thus so is left. left is top-left top is bottom-right
(let* ((lx (clim-user::point-x left)) (rx (clim-user::point-x top))
(ty (clim-user::point-y left)) (by (clim-user::point-y top))
(mx (truncate (+ lx rx) 2))
(my (truncate (+ ty by ) 2))
(sh (truncate (- rx lx) 2))
(sv (truncate (- by ty) 2))
(lhs (- mx sh))
(rhs (+ lhs (- rx lx)))
(ths (if (oddp (- by ty)) (- my sv -1) (- my sv)))
(bhs (+ ths (- by ty))))
(if (= 1 (- rhs lhs)) ;;02nov99
(clim-user::draw-point* mp lhs ths :ink clim-user::+black+)
(clim-user::draw-rectangle* mp lhs ths rhs bhs :filled NIL))
))
((equal (type-of right) 'STANDARD-POINT)
;;; left *is* left, top *is* top, right *is* position(bottom-right)
(let* ((lx left) (rx (clim-user::point-x right)) (ty top)
(by (clim-user::point-y right))
(mx (truncate (+ lx rx) 2))
(my (truncate (+ ty by ) 2))
(sh (truncate (- rx lx) 2))
(sv (truncate (- by ty) 2))
(lhs (- mx sh))
(rhs (+ lhs (- rx lx)))
(ths (if (oddp (- by ty)) (- my sv -1) (- my sv)))
(bhs (+ ths (- by ty))))
(if (= 1 (- rhs lhs)) ;;02nov99
(clim-user::draw-point* mp lhs ths rhs bhs :ink clim-user::+black+)
(clim-user::draw-rectangle* mp lhs ths rhs bhs :filled NIL))
))
#|
(t
;;; all four arguments are what they say they are
(let* ((mx (truncate (+ left right) 2))
(my (truncate (+ top bot ) 2))
(sh (truncate (- right left) 2))
(sv (truncate (- bot top) 2))
(lhs (- mx sh))
(rhs (+ lhs (- right left)))
(ths (if (oddp (- bot top)) (- my sv -1) (- my sv))) ;<**
(bhs (+ ths (- bot top))))
(if (= 1 (- rhs lhs)) ;;02nov99
(setf (cg::pixel-x-y mp lhs ths) cg::black) ;;02nov99
(cg::draw-box mp (cg::make-box lhs ths rhs bhs)))
))|#
)))
|#
;(defun draw-filled-rectangle (canvas left &optional top right bot)
; "Greg's try at draw-filled-rectangle"
; ;;; fill-box demands a box as well as a stream
; ;;; So I have to invert the order of tests as I've done elsewhere
; ;;; in draw-ellipse
; (let ((mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
; (if bot (if (oddp (- bot top))
; (cg::fill-box mp (cg::make-box left (+ 1 top) right (+ 1 bot)))
; (cg::fill-box mp (cg::make-box left top right bot)))
; (if right (cg::fill-box mp (cg::make-box-from-corners (cg::make-position left top) right))
; (if top (cg::fill-box mp (cg::make-box-from-corners left top))
; (cg::fill-box mp left))))))
#| outmoded
(defun draw-filled-rectangle (canvas left &optional top right bot)
"Greg's try at draw-filled-rectangle"
;;; fill-box demands a box as well as a stream
;;; So I have to invert the order of tests as I've done elsewhere
;;; in draw-ellipse
(let ((mp (clim-user::get-frame-pane canvas 'display)))
(if bot (if (oddp (- bot top))
(clim-user::draw-rectangle* mp left (+ 1 top) right (+ 1 bot))
(clim-user::draw-rectangle* mp left top right bot))
(if right (clim-user::draw-rectangle mp (clim-user::make-point left top) right)
(if top (clim-user::draw-rectangle mp left top)
(clim-user::draw-rectangle mp (clim-user::rectangle-min-point left)
(clim-user::rectangle-max-point left)))))))
|#
;;; New version to make compatible with draw-inside-rectangle
;;; Feb 25 1998
;(defun erase-rect (canvas left &optional top right bot)
; "Erases a box 1 pixel inside specified box"
; (cond ((cg::boxp left)
; ;;; left is then a box which must be picked apart;
; (let* ((lx (cg::box-left left)) (rx (cg::box-right left))
; (ty (cg::box-top left)) (by (cg::box-bottom left))
; (mx (truncate (+ lx rx) 2))
; (my (truncate (+ ty by ) 2))
; (sh (truncate (- rx lx) 2))
; (sv (truncate (- by ty) 2))
; (lhs (- mx sh))
; (rhs (+ lhs (- rx lx)))
; (ths (if (oddp (- by ty)) (- my sv -1) (- my sv)))
; (bhs (+ ths (- by ty)))
; (the-box (cg::make-box lhs ths rhs bhs)))
; (let ((mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
; (cg::erase-box mp the-box)
; (cg::erase-contents-box mp the-box))
; ))
; ((cg::positionp top)
; ;;; top is a position and thus so is left. left is top-left top is bottom-right
; (let* ((lx (cg::position-x left)) (rx (cg::position-x top))
; (ty (cg::position-y left)) (by (cg::position-y top))
; (mx (truncate (+ lx rx) 2))
; (my (truncate (+ ty by ) 2))
; (sh (truncate (- rx lx) 2))
; (sv (truncate (- by ty) 2))
; (lhs (- mx sh))
; (rhs (+ lhs (- rx lx)))
; (ths (if (oddp (- by ty)) (- my sv -1) (- my sv)))
; (bhs (+ ths (- by ty)))
; (the-box (cg::make-box lhs ths rhs bhs)))
; (let ((mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
; (cg::erase-box mp the-box)
; (cg::erase-contents-box mp the-box)))
; )
; ((cg::positionp right)
; ;;; left *is* left, top *is* top, right *is* position(bottom-right)
; (let* ((lx left) (rx (cg::position-x right)) (ty top)
; (by (cg::position-y right))
; (mx (truncate (+ lx rx) 2))
; (my (truncate (+ ty by ) 2))
; (sh (truncate (- rx lx) 2))
; (sv (truncate (- by ty) 2))
; (lhs (- mx sh))
; (rhs (+ lhs (- rx lx)));
; (ths (if (oddp (- by ty)) (- my sv -1) (- my sv)))
; (bhs (+ ths (- by ty)))
; (the-box (cg::make-box lhs ths rhs bhs)))
; (let ((mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
; (cg::erase-box mp the-box)
; (cg::erase-contents-box mp the-box)))
; )
; (t
; ;;; all four arguments are what they say they are
; (let* ((mx (truncate (+ left right) 2))
; (my (truncate (+ top bot ) 2))
; (sh (truncate (- right left) 2))
; (sv (truncate (- bot top) 2))
; (lhs (- mx sh))
; (rhs (+ lhs (- right left)))
; (ths (if (oddp (- bot top)) (- my sv -1) (- my sv))) ;<**
; (bhs (+ ths (- bot top)))
; (the-box (cg::make-box lhs ths rhs bhs)))
; (let ((mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
; (cg::erase-box mp the-box)
; (cg::erase-contents-box mp the-box)))
; )
; ))
;;; New version ends
;; there seems to be a need to separately erase r anf b sides as lines
#|
This mimics the old draw-inside-rectangle and is thus outmoded
(defun erase-rect (canvas left &optional top right bot)
"Draws a specified box no longer worrying about ~
Inside but compatible with fast-macros."
(let ((mp (clim-user::get-frame-pane canvas 'display)))
(cond ((numberp bot)
(let* ((mx (truncate (+ left right) 2))
(my (truncate (+ top bot ) 2))
(sh (truncate (- right left) 2))
(sv (truncate (- bot top) 2))
(lhs (- mx sh))
(rhs (+ lhs (- right left)))
(ths (if (oddp (- bot top)) (- my sv -1) (- my sv)))
(bhs (+ ths (- bot top))))
(if (= 1 (- rhs lhs))
(clim-user::draw-point* mp lhs ths :ink (clim-user::medium-background mp))
(clim-user::draw-rectangle* mp lhs ths rhs bhs :ink (clim-user::medium-background mp)))
(clim-user::draw-line* mp rhs ths rhs bhs :ink (clim-user::medium-background mp))
(clim-user::draw-line* mp lhs bhs rhs bhs :ink (clim-user::medium-background mp))
)
)
((equal (type-of left) 'STANDARD-RECTANGLE)
;; left is then a box which must be picked apart
(let* ((lx (clim-user::rectangle-min-x left)) (rx (clim-user::rectangle-max-x left))
(ty (clim-user::rectangle-min-y left)) (by (clim-user::rectangle-max-y left))
(mx (truncate (+ lx rx) 2))
(my (truncate (+ ty by ) 2))
(sh (truncate (- rx lx) 2))
(sv (truncate (- by ty) 2))
(lhs (- mx sh))
(rhs (+ lhs (- rx lx)))
(ths (if (oddp (- by ty)) (- my sv -1) (- my sv)))
(bhs (+ ths (- by ty))))
(if (= 1 (- rhs lhs))
(clim-user::draw-point* mp lhs ths :ink (clim-user::medium-background mp))
(clim-user::draw-rectangle* mp lhs ths rhs bhs :ink (clim-user::medium-background mp)))
(clim-user::draw-line* mp rhs ths rhs bhs :ink (clim-user::medium-background mp))
(clim-user::draw-line* mp lhs bhs rhs bhs :ink (clim-user::medium-background mp))
)
)
((equal (type-of top) 'STANDARD-POINT)
;;; top is a position and thus so is left. left is top-left top is bottom-right
(let* ((lx (clim-user::point-x left)) (rx (clim-user::point-x top))
(ty (clim-user::point-y left)) (by (clim-user::point-y top))
(mx (truncate (+ lx rx) 2))
(my (truncate (+ ty by ) 2))
(sh (truncate (- rx lx) 2))
(sv (truncate (- by ty) 2))
(lhs (- mx sh))
(rhs (+ lhs (- rx lx)))
(ths (if (oddp (- by ty)) (- my sv -1) (- my sv)))
(bhs (+ ths (- by ty))))
(if (= 1 (- rhs lhs)) ;;02nov99
(clim-user::draw-point* mp lhs ths :ink (clim-user::medium-background mp))
(clim-user::draw-rectangle* mp lhs ths rhs bhs :ink (clim-user::medium-background mp)))
(clim-user::draw-line* mp rhs ths rhs bhs :ink (clim-user::medium-background mp))
(clim-user::draw-line* mp lhs bhs rhs bhs :ink (clim-user::medium-background mp))
)
)
((equal (type-of right) 'STANDARD-POINT)
;;; left *is* left, top *is* top, right *is* position(bottom-right)
(let* ((lx left) (rx (clim-user::point-x right)) (ty top)
(by (clim-user::point-y right))
(mx (truncate (+ lx rx) 2))
(my (truncate (+ ty by ) 2))
(sh (truncate (- rx lx) 2))
(sv (truncate (- by ty) 2))
(lhs (- mx sh))
(rhs (+ lhs (- rx lx)))
(ths (if (oddp (- by ty)) (- my sv -1) (- my sv)))
(bhs (+ ths (- by ty))))
(if (= 1 (- rhs lhs))
(clim-user::draw-point* mp lhs ths rhs bhs :ink (clim-user::medium-background mp))
(clim-user::draw-rectangle* mp lhs ths rhs bhs :ink (clim-user::medium-background mp)))
(clim-user::draw-line* mp rhs ths rhs bhs :ink (clim-user::medium-background mp))
(clim-user::draw-line* mp lhs bhs rhs bhs :ink (clim-user::medium-background mp))
))
)))
|#
#| outmoded
(defun erase-filled-rectangle (canvas left &optional top right bot)
"Greg's try at draw-filled-rectangle"
;;; fill-box demands a box as well as a stream
;;; So I have to invert the order of tests as I've done elsewhere
;;; in draw-ellipse
(let ((mp (clim-user::get-frame-pane canvas 'display)))
(if bot (if (oddp (- bot top))
(clim-user::draw-rectangle* mp left (+ 1 top) right (+ 1 bot) :ink (clim-user::medium-background mp))
(clim-user::draw-rectangle* mp left top right bot :ink (clim-user::medium-background mp)))
(if right (clim-user::draw-rectangle mp (clim-user::make-point left top) right :ink (clim-user::medium-background mp))
(if top (clim-user::draw-rectangle mp left top :ink (clim-user::medium-background mp))
(clim-user::draw-rectangle mp (clim-user::rectangle-min-point left)
(clim-user::rectangle-max-point left) :ink (clim-user::medium-background mp)))))))
|#
;(defun comp-color (canvas)
; "Takes the complement of the current rgb-color triple of stream - returns this new triple"
; (let* ((mp (cg::frame-child canvas))
; (current (cg::foreground-color mp))
; ( new_red (logxor 255 (cg::rgb-red current)))
; ( new_green (logxor 255 (cg::rgb-green current)))
; ( new_blue (logxor 255 (cg::rgb-blue current)))
; (newfgcol (cg::make-rgb :red new_red :green new_green
; :blue new_blue)))
; newfgcol))
;;;
;(defun invert-rectangle (canvas left &optional top right bot)
; "A new version using a supplied CG macro"
; (let ((mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
; (cg::with-paint-operation
; ;(mp cg::invert) 19oct05
; (mp cg::po-invert) ;19oct05
; ;; (cg::with-foreground-color (canvas (comp-color canvas))
; (if bot (cg::fill-box mp
; (cg::make-box left top right bot))
; (if right
; (cg::fill-box mp
; (cg::make-box-from-corners
; (cg::make-position left top) (cg::make-position
; (cg::position-y right)
; (cg::position-x right)
; )))
; (if top
; (cg::fill-box mp
; (cg::make-box-from-corners
; (cg:make-position (cg::position-y left)
; (cg::position-x left)) (cg::make-position
; (cg::position-y top)
; (cg::position-x top))))
; (cg::fill-box mp (cg::box-left left)
; (cg::box-top left) (cg::box-right left)
; (cg::box-bottom left)))
; )
; )
; )
; ))
#|
(defun draw-ellipse (canvas left &optional top right bot)
;;; aclpc uses quite a different set of parameters for ellipses
;;; centre, semi-major and minor axes, semi-major-axis-angle
(cond ((cg::boxp left)
;;; left is then a box which must be picked apart
(let* ((lx (cg::box-left left)) (rx (cg::box-right left))
(ty (cg::box-top left)) (by (cg::box-bottom left))
(centre (cg::make-position (/ (+ lx rx) 2) (/ (+ ty by) 2)))
; (majorhalf (- rx lx)) (minorhalf (- by ty)))
(majorhalf (/ (- rx lx) 2)) (minorhalf (/ (- by ty) 2)) ;; took out halves 10Nov99
(mp (cg::frame-child canvas))
)
(cg::draw-ellipse mp centre majorhalf minorhalf 0))
)
((cg::positionp top)
;;; top is a position and thus so is left
;;; left is top-left while top is bottom-right
(let* ((lx (cg::position-x left)) (rx (cg::position-x top))
(ty (cg::position-y left)) (by (cg::position-y top))
(centre (cg::make-position (/ (+ lx rx) 2) (/ (+ ty by) 2)))
;(majorhalf (- rx lx)) (minorhalf (- by ty)))
(majorhalf (/ (- rx lx) 2)) (minorhalf (/ (- by ty) 2)) ;; took out halves 10Nov99
(mp (cg::frame-child canvas))
)
(cg::draw-ellipse mp centre majorhalf minorhalf 0))
)
((cg::positionp right)
;;; left *is* left, top *is* top, right is pos(bottom-right)
(let* ((lx left) (rx (cg::position-x right)) (ty top)
(by (cg::position-y right))
(centre (cg::make-position (/ (+ lx rx) 2) (/ (+ ty by) 2)))
; (majorhalf (- rx lx)) (minorhalf (- by ty)))
(majorhalf (/ (- rx lx) 2)) (minorhalf (/ (- by ty) 2)) ;; took out halves 10Nov99
(mp (cg::frame-child canvas))
)
(cg::draw-ellipse mp centre majorhalf minorhalf 0))
)
(t
;;; all four arguments are what they say they are
;;; Check for single point 05jan00
(cond ((or (eq 1 (- right left)) (eq right left))
(setf (cg:pixel-x-y canvas left top)
(cg:foreground-color canvas)))
(t
(let* ((lx left) (rx right) (ty top) (by bot)
(centre (cg::make-position (/ (+ lx rx) 2) (/ (+ ty by) 2)))
; (majorhalf (- rx lx)) (minorhalf (- by ty)))
(majorhalf (/ (- rx lx) 2)) (minorhalf (/ (- by ty) 2))
;; took out halves 10Nov99
(mp (cg::frame-child canvas))
)
(cg::draw-ellipse mp centre majorhalf minorhalf 0))
)
))
))
|#
#|
;;; Changed 10Nov99 to add the circumference to the interior.
(defun draw-filled-ellipse (canvas left &optional top right bot)
;;; aclpc uses quite a different set of parameters for ellipses
;;; centre, semi-major and minor axes, semi-major-axis-angle
(cond ((cg::boxp left)
;;; left is then a box which must be picked apart
(let* ((lx (cg::box-left left)) (rx (cg::box-right left))
(ty (cg::box-top left)) (by (cg::box-bottom left))
(centre (cg::make-position (/ (+ lx rx) 2) (/ (+ ty by) 2)))
; (majorhalf (- rx lx)) (minorhalf (- by ty)))
(majorhalf (/ (- rx lx) 2)) (minorhalf (/ (- by ty) 2)) ;; took out halves 10Nov99
(mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
(cg::fill-ellipse mp centre majorhalf minorhalf 0)
(cg::draw-ellipse mp centre majorhalf minorhalf 0)))
((cg::positionp top)
;;; top is a position and thus so is left
;;; left is top-left while top is bottom-right
(let* ((lx (cg::position-x left)) (rx (cg::position-x top))
(ty (cg::position-y left)) (by (cg::position-y top))
(centre (cg::make-position (/ (+ lx rx) 2) (/ (+ ty by) 2)))
;(majorhalf (- rx lx)) (minorhalf (- by ty)))
(majorhalf (/ (- rx lx) 2)) (minorhalf (/ (- by ty) 2)) ;; took out halves 10Nov99
(mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
(cg::fill-ellipse mp centre majorhalf minorhalf 0)
(cg::draw-ellipse mp centre majorhalf minorhalf 0)))
((cg::positionp right)
;;; left *is* left, top *is* top, right is pos(bottom-right)
(let* ((lx left) (rx (cg::position-x right)) (ty top)
(by (cg::position-y right))
(centre (cg::make-position (/ (+ lx rx) 2) (/ (+ ty by) 2)))
; (majorhalf (- rx lx)) (minorhalf (- by ty)))
(majorhalf (/ (- rx lx) 2)) (minorhalf (/ (- by ty) 2)) ;; took out halves 10Nov99
(mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
(cg::fill-ellipse mp centre majorhalf minorhalf 0)
(cg::draw-ellipse mp centre majorhalf minorhalf 0)))
(t
;;; all four arguments are what they say they are
;;; Check for single point 05jan00
(cond ((or (eq 1 (- right left)) (eq right left))
(let ((mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
(setf (cg:pixel-x-y mp left top)
(cg:foreground-color mp))))
(t
(let* ((lx left) (rx right) (ty top) (by bot)
(centre (cg::make-position (/ (+ lx rx) 2) (/ (+ ty by) 2)))
; (majorhalf (- rx lx)) (minorhalf (- by ty)))
(majorhalf (/ (- rx lx) 2)) (minorhalf (/ (- by ty) 2)) ;; took out halves 10Nov99
(mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
(cg::fill-ellipse mp centre majorhalf minorhalf 0)
(cg::draw-ellipse mp centre majorhalf minorhalf 0)))
))))
|#
#|
(defun draw-arc (canvas start-angle arc-angle x-centre y-centre x-radius y-radius)
;;; Draws a SECTOR of an ellipse which includes drawing the radii
(let ( (lengthangle (+ start-angle arc-angle))
(centre (cg::make-position x-centre y-centre))
(mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
(cg::draw-ellipse-sector mp centre x-radius y-radius 0 start-angle lengthangle)))
|#
#|
(defun fill-arc (canvas start-angle arc-angle
x-centre y-centre x-radius y-radius)
;;; Draws a filled SECTOR of an ellipse including drawing the radii
(let ( (lengthangle (+ start-angle arc-angle))
(centre (cg::make-position x-centre y-centre))
(mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
(cg::fill-ellipse-sector mp centre x-radius y-radius 0 start-angle lengthangle)))
|#
#|
(defun erase-arc (canvas start-angle arc-angle
x-centre y-centre x-radius y-radius)
;;; Erases the SECTOR drawn by draw-arc
;;; and then erases the contents, if any
(let ( (lengthangle (+ start-angle arc-angle))
(centre (cg::make-position x-centre y-centre))
(mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
(cg::erase-ellipse-sector mp centre x-radius y-radius 0 start-angle lengthangle)
(cg::erase-contents-ellipse-sector mp centre x-radius y-radius 0 start-angle lengthangle))
)
|#
#|
(defun invert-arc (canvas start-angle arc-angle
x-centre y-centre x-radius y-radius)
"A new version using supplied CG:: macro"
(let ((lengthangle (+ start-angle arc-angle))
(centre (cg::make-position x-centre y-centre))
(mp (cg::frame-child canvas)))
(cg::with-foreground-color (mp (comp-color canvas))
(cg::fill-ellipse-sector mp centre x-radius y-radius 0 start-angle lengthangle))) )
|#
#|
(defun draw-polygon (canvas list-of-points)
(let* ((mp (cg::frame-child canvas))
(pts list-of-points)
(start (first pts))
(first-x (car start))
(first-y (cdr start)))
;; Check for size = 1 right away for draw-polygon doe NOT default.
(cond ((equal (first pts) (second pts))
(setf (cg:pixel-x-y mp first-x first-y)
(cg:foreground-color mp))) ;; these 3 lines 07jan00
((and (= 4 (length pts)) (equal (first pts) (second pts)))
(cg::draw-polygon mp
(list
(cg::make-position (- first-x 1) first-y)
(cg::make-position first-x (+ 1 first-y))
(cg::make-position (+ 1 first-x) first-y)
(cg::make-position first-x (- first-y 1))
(cg::make-position (- first-x 1) first-y))))
((and (= 3 (length pts))(equal (first pts) (second pts)))
(cg::draw-polygonmp
(list
(cg::make-position (- first-x 1) (+ first-y 1))
(cg::make-position first-x (- first-y 1))
(cg::make-position (+ first-x 1) (+ first-y 1))
(cg::make-position (- first-x 1) (+ first-y 1)))))
(T
(cg::draw-polygon mp
(mapcar #'(lambda (x)
(cg::make-position
(car x) (cdr x)))
pts)))
)))
|#
(defun draw-filled-polygon (canvas list-of-points)
(let ((mp (clim-user::get-frame-pane canvas 'display)))
(clim-user::draw-polygon mp list-of-points)
))
(pts list-of-points)
(start (first pts))
(first-x (car start))
(first-y (cdr start)))
;;; Check for size = 1 off the top - see draw-polygon itself.
(cond ((equal (first pts) (second pts))
(setf (cg:pixel-x-y mp first-x first-y)
(cg:foreground-color mp))) ;; these 3 lines 07jan00
((equal (first pts) (second pts))
(let ((vert
;;(cg::fill-polygon canvas
(list
(cg::make-position (- first-x 1) first-y)
(cg::make-position first-x (+ 1 first-y))
(cg::make-position (+ 1 first-x) first-y)
(cg::make-position first-x (- first-y 1))
(cg::make-position (- first-x 1) first-y))))
(cg::fill-polygon mp vert)
(cg::draw-polygon mp vert)))
((and (= 3 (length pts))(equal (first pts) (second pts)))
(let ((vert
; (cg::fill-polygonmp
(list
(cg::make-position (- first-x 1) (+ first-y 1))
(cg::make-position first-x (- first-y 1))
(cg::make-position (+ first-x 1) (+ first-y 1))
(cg::make-position (- first-x 1) (+ first-y 1)))))
(cg::fill-polygon mp vert)
(cg::draw-polygon mp vert)))
(T
(let ((vert
;(cg::fill-polygon canvas
(mapcar #'(lambda (x)
(cg::make-position
(car x) (cdr x)))
pts)))
(cg::draw-polygon mp vert)
(cg::fill-polygon mp vert)))
)
))
#|
(defun draw-filled-polygon (canvas list-of-points)
(cg::fill-polygon canvas
(mapcar #'(lambda (x)
(cg::make-position
(car x) (cdr x)))
list-of-points)))
|#
#|
(defun draw-string (canvas string)
"Since acl draws DOWN, we have to move up first and then
draw a string on the canvas at the NEW current position with
the current font and colour."
(let* ((mp (cg::frame-child canvas))
(y-shift (cg::make-position 0 (- (cg::font-height
(cg::fontmetrics mp)))))
(current (cg::transparent-character-background mp))) ;N1
(cg::move-to mp (cg::position+ (cg::current-position mp)
y-shift))
(setf (cg::transparent-character-background mp) :transparent) ;N2
(princ string mp)
(setf (cg::transparent-character-background mp) current) ;N3
(cg::move-to mp (cg::position- (cg::current-position mp)
y-shift))
))
|# | 37,872 | Common Lisp | .lisp | 777 | 39.848134 | 137 | 0.487838 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 2a1897065bf86d02d24a62061f39ca8540cb3b4443188c16a0f9e1593f363a22 | 32,735 | [
-1
] |
32,736 | window-basics.asd | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics.asd | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; window-basics.asd
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1991 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; R.W. Oldford 1991 - 1992.
;;; G.W. Bennett 2017.
;;;
;;;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;;; THIS IS THE SBCL FILE
(asdf:defsystem "window-basics"
:default-component-class cl-source-file.lsp
:components
((:file "window-basics/window-basics-package")
(:module "window-basics/startup"
:components
((:file "restore")
;;(:file (wb-add-system-extension "restore"))
;;<-- use quail's restore fns instead
(:file "debug"))
)
(:module "window-basics/macros"
:components
(#+:sbcl-linux(:file "macros-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "macros-pc")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "operations-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "operations-pc")
(:file "operations")
(:file "positions")
(:file "display-mode"))
)
(:module "window-basics/host"
:components
((:file "host-draw-package")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "host-system-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "host-system-pc")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "host-draw-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "host-draw-pc")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "scrolling-window-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "scrolling-window-pc")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "host-menu-canvas-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "host-menu-canvas-pc")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "host-window-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "host-window-pc")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "host-fonts-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "host-fonts-pc")
)
)
(:module "window-basics/region"
:components
((:file "region")))
(:module "window-basics/transforms"
:components
((:file "list-transforms"))
;;(:file integer-affine-transforms)
)
(:module "window-basics/color"
:components
(#+:sbcl-linux(:file "color-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "color-pc")
(:file "color")
(:file "color-table")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "color-mixin-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "color-mixin-pc")
)
:depends-on ("window-basics/macros")
)
(:module "window-basics/fonts"
:components
((:file "font")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "default-fonts-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "default-fonts-pc")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "font-mixin-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "font-mixin-pc")
)
:depends-on ("window-basics/macros")
)
(:module "window-basics/pen"
:components
((:file "pen")
;; Following contains only a list of legal pen-ops ... never used.
;; (:file (wb-add-system-extension "pen"))
(:file "pen-mixin"))
)
(:module "window-basics/bitmap"
:components
(
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "bitmap-sblx") ;; stubbed 11MAR2022 gwb
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "bitmap-pc")
(:file "bitmap") ;; stubbed 11MAR2022 gwb
;#+:sbcl-linux(:file "cursor-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "cursor-pc")
(:file "shades")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "shades-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "shades-pc")
;(:file "cursor")
(:file "patterns")
)
:depends-on ("window-basics/pen" "window-basics/macros")
)
(:module "window-basics/monitor"
:components
(#+:sbcl-linux(:file "screen-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "screen-pc")
(:file "screen")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "device-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "device-pc")
(:file "device"))
)
(:module "window-basics/mouse"
:components
(#+:sbcl-linux(:file "mouse-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "mouse-pc")
(:file "button-default")
(:file "canvas-button")
(:file "mouse")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "canvas-button-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "canvas-button-pc"))
)
(:module "window-basics/menus"
:components
((:file "menu-canvas")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "menu-canvas-sblx") ;does nothing
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "menu-canvas-pc")
(:file "menu")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "menu-sblx") ;stub version 07MAR2022
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "menu-pc"))
)
(:module "window-basics/prompt"
:components
(#+:sbcl-linux(:file "dialog-items-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "dialog-items-pc")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "dialog-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "dialog-pc")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "prompt-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "prompt-pc")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "pick-one-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "pick-one-pc")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "check-items-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "check-items-pc")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "collect-input-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "collect-input-pc"))
)
(:module "window-basics/redisplay"
:components
(#+:sbcl-linux(:file "canvas-ops-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "canvas-ops-pc")
(:file "canvas-redisplay")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "canvas-redisplay-sblx") ; 27AUG2021
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "canvas-redisplay-pc"))
)
(:module "window-basics/postscript"
:components
((:file "postscript-canvas")
(:file "ps-font-sblx") ;30AUG2021
;(:file "ps-font")
(:file "ps-file")
(:file "ps-draw")
(:file "ps-strings")
(:file "ps-prompt")
(:file "canvas-to-ps"))
:depends-on ("window-basics/macros")
)
(:module "window-basics/canvas"
:components
((:file "canvas")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "bw-canvas-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "bw-canvas-pc")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "color-canvas-sblx")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "color-canvas-ops-sblx") ;;New 28AUG2021
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "color-canvas-pc")
(:file "make-canvas")
(:file "key-event")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "key-event-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "key-event-pc"))
)
(:module "window-basics/draw"
:components
((:file "draw")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "draw-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "draw-pc")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "strings-sblx") ;DONE! 22 November 2019
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "strings-pc")
(:file "strings")
(:file "erase")
)
:depends-on ("window-basics/macros" "window-basics/pen" "window-basics/fonts" "window-basics/host"))
(:module "window-basics/canvas-regions"
:components
(;;(:file (wb-add-system-extension "canvas-regions"))
(:file "canvas-regions")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "clip-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "clip-pc")
(:file "clip")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "drag-sblx") ;07MAR2022 test
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "drag-pc")
)
:depends-on ("window-basics/macros" "window-basics/pen"))
(:module "window-basics/hardcopy"
:components
(#+:sbcl-linux(:file "canvas-export-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "canvas-export-pc")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "hardcopy-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "hardcopy-pc"))
)
(:module "window-basics/fast-graphics"
:components
(#+:sbcl-linux(:file "point-defs-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "point-defs-pc")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "points-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "points-pc")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "symbols-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "symbols-pc" )
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "lines-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "lines-pc")
(:file "rotate"))
:depends-on ("window-basics/macros" "window-basics/pen"))
(:module "window-basics/surface"
:components
((:file "surface-rotate")
(:file "surface-update")
(:file "show-lines")
(:file "hide-lines")
(:file "surface-fill"))
)
(:module "window-basics/start-windows"
:components
(#+:sbcl-linux(:file "start-windows-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "start-windows-pc")
))
))
| 9,440 | Common Lisp | .asd | 237 | 27.594937 | 112 | 0.479482 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 3b23fd5effe6eaf935195b7a9df7a36c461ccacc201b7a6e74ce63fb427bcc9a | 32,736 | [
-1
] |
32,737 | quail-user.asd | rwoldford_Quail/source/quail-user.asd | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; quail-user.asd
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1990 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; Greg Anglin 1989, 1990, 1991.
;;; R.W. Oldford 1989 +
;;; Bob White
;;; Greg Bennett 2017
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(asdf:defsystem "quail-user"
:default-component-class cl-source-file.lsp
:components ((:file "quail-user-package")
)) | 686 | Common Lisp | .asd | 22 | 28.227273 | 79 | 0.34488 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 65a5766dbb6eb49ff54abee7a2e878bb98ebde98ea5f24a582f733ea023acb93 | 32,737 | [
-1
] |
32,738 | probability.asd | rwoldford_Quail/source/probability.asd | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; probability.asd
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1993 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; R.W. Oldford 1993.
;;;
;;;
;;;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(asdf:defsystem "probability"
:default-component-class cl-source-file.lsp
:components
((:module "probability/generators"
:components
((:file "random")
(:file "system")
(:file "congruential")
(:file "default")
))
(:module "probability/distributions"
:components
((:file "prob-measure")
(:file "findlimits")
(:file "discrete-dist")
(:file "bisection")
(:file "continuous-dist")
(:file "location-scale")
(:file "beta")
(:file "uniform")
(:file "prob-methods")
(:file "gamma")
(:file "exponential")
(:file "chi-squared")
(:file "student")
(:file "gaussian")
(:file "cauchy")
(:file "binomial")
(:file "bernoulli")
(:file "negative-binomial")
(:file "geometric")
(:file "hypergeometric") ;;; <---- fix simultaneous setting
(:file "discrete-uniform")
(:file "poisson")
(:file "finite-mixture")
(:file "data-prob")
(:file "pareto")
(:file "weibull")
(:file "F-dist")
(:file "K-dist")
(:file "init-dist")
))
(:module "probability/random"
:components
((:file "permute")))
)
) | 2,041 | Common Lisp | .asd | 62 | 21.935484 | 83 | 0.379346 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 97903ec9bfcf35a06b0dbc4c00aaea281b0d255d3e1fcbc2d72f1c99b5f35afb | 32,738 | [
-1
] |
32,739 | mathematics.asd | rwoldford_Quail/source/mathematics.asd | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; mathematics.asd
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1992 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; R.W. Oldford 1992.
;;; G.W.Bennett 2018
;;;
;;;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(asdf:defsystem "mathematics"
:default-component-class cl-source-file.lsp
:components
((:module "mathematics/special-functions"
:components
((:file "log-gamma")
(:file "continued-fraction")
(:file "complete-beta")
(:file "incomplete-gamma")
(:file "incomplete-beta")
(:file "error-function")
))
(:module "mathematics/combinatorics"
:components
((:file "factorial")
(:file "choose")
(:file "factor")
))
(:module "mathematics/functions"
:components ((:file "fn")
;(:file "surface")
)
)
#|
(:module borel-sets
:source-pathname (path-borel-sets)
:binary-pathname (bin (path-borel-sets))
:components ((:file "utility")
(:file "borel-special")
(:file "set-collections")
(:file "borel-sets")
(:file "borel-sets2")
(:file "borel-functions")
(:file "borel-special2")
(:file "borel-sets-methods")
(:file "memberp-methods")
(:file "insidep-methods")
(:file "copy-methods")
(:file "disjoint-sets-p-methods")
(:file "simplify-methods")
(:file "set-union-methods")
(:file "set-intersection-methods")
(:file "set-complement-methods")
)
)
(:module measures
:source-pathname (path-measures)
:binary-pathname (bin (path-measures))
:components ((:file "measure")
(:file "measure-generics")
(:file "lebesgue-measure")
(:file "counting-measure")
(:file "finite-measure")
(:file "probability-measure")
)
)
|#
(:module "mathematics/calculus"
:components ((:file "numerical-deriv")
(:file "simplify")
(:file "deriv")
(:file "simpsons")
)
)
(:module "mathematics/root-finders"
:components ((:file "newton")
(:file "illinois")
)
)
#|
(:module graphics
:source-pathname (path-math-graphics)
:binary-pathname (bin (path-math-graphics))
:components ((:file "surface-view")
(:file "surface-plot")
(:file "rotate-surface")
)
)
|#
)) | 3,366 | Common Lisp | .asd | 95 | 21.926316 | 83 | 0.398826 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | f825876cdbbd4577afbb90acf871f855853a75c6aec32a2641530577ba47b9fd | 32,739 | [
-1
] |
32,740 | initialization.asd | rwoldford_Quail/source/initialization.asd | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; initialization.asd
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1990 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; R.W. Oldford 1991.
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(asdf:defsystem "initialization"
:default-component-class cl-source-file.lsp
:components ((:file "initialization/update-special-vars") ;; contains vw:
(:file "initialization/synonyms")
;; no longer supported
;; (:file (add-system-extension "ffenv-std"))
(:file "initialization/load-quail-init")
;; a temporary way to deal with this ...
(:file "initialization/release-path")
(:file "initialization/release") ;<< contains vw:
(:file "initialization/restore-sblx")
(:file "initialization/restored-lisp-functions") ;<< some undefined functions invoked
(:file "initialization/export-syms-from-quail") ;<< contains wb:
(:file "initialization/views-init") ;<< contains vw:
(:file "initialization/redefine-quail-io") ;<< contains wb:
))
| 1,419 | Common Lisp | .asd | 31 | 36.903226 | 100 | 0.463663 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 9b944444e903d843cd0f7c7409cd304f0d52beac55f2573702a3515e09cecdb0 | 32,740 | [
-1
] |
32,741 | linear.asd | rwoldford_Quail/source/linear.asd | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; linear.asd
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1994 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; Michael E. Lewis 1991.
;;; R.W. Oldford 1994.
;;;
;;;
;;;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(asdf:defsystem "linear"
:default-component-class cl-source-file.lsp
:components ((:file "linear/misc-defs")
(:file "linear/pivot")
(:file "linear/linpack-macros")
(:file "linear/dasum")
(:file "linear/daxpy")
(:file "linear/dchdc")
(:file "linear/dcopy")
(:file "linear/ddot")
(:file "linear/dgeco")
(:file "linear/dgedi")
(:file "linear/dgefa")
(:file "linear/dgels")
(:file "linear/dgesl")
(:file "linear/dnrm2")
(:file "linear/dpoco")
(:file "linear/dpodi")
(:file "linear/dpofa")
(:file "linear/dposl")
(:file "linear/dqrdc")
(:file "linear/dqrls")
(:file "linear/dqrsl")
(:file "linear/drot")
(:file "linear/drotg")
(:file "linear/dscal")
(:file "linear/dsico")
(:file "linear/dsidi")
(:file "linear/dsifa")
(:file "linear/dsisl")
(:file "linear/dsvdc")
(:file "linear/dswap")
(:file "linear/dtrco")
(:file "linear/dtrdi")
(:file "linear/dtrls")
(:file "linear/dtrsl")
(:file "linear/dpbco")
(:file "linear/dpbfa")
(:file "linear/dpbsl")
(:file "linear/dpbdi")
(:file "linear/dgbco")
(:file "linear/dgbfa")
(:file "linear/dgbsl")
(:file "linear/dgbdi")
(:file "linear/idamax")
(:file "linear/jacobi")
(:file "linear/linpack")
(:file "linear/table-mixin")
(:file "linear/matrix-decomposition")
(:file "linear/diagonal")
(:file "linear/triangular")
(:file "linear/qr-decomposition")
(:file "linear/lu-decomposition")
(:file "linear/cholesky-decomposition")
(:file "linear/sv-decomposition")
(:file "linear/eigen-decomposition")
(:file "linear/inverse")
(:file "linear/identity-matrix")
(:file "linear/solve")
(:file "linear/qr-solution")
(:file "linear/lin-binary-methods")
(:file "linear/rank")
(:file "linear/condition-number")
(:file "linear/determinant")
(:file "linear/trace")
(:file "linear/matrix-sqrt")
(:file "linear/apply-weight")
))
| 3,240 | Common Lisp | .asd | 84 | 25.547619 | 83 | 0.412678 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | a137b93711af5657655c63cc17c9f6e11c6835bc788ff47a81eed73a99f750dc | 32,741 | [
-1
] |
32,742 | new-math.asd | rwoldford_Quail/source/new-math.asd | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; new-math.asd
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1990 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; M.E.Lewis 1991.
;;; G.W.Bennett 2017.
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(asdf:defsystem "new-math"
:default-component-class cl-source-file.lsp
:components ((:file "new-math/new-math-package")
(:file "new-math/new-math")
(:file "new-math/num-array-math")
(:file "new-math/init-new-math")))
| 764 | Common Lisp | .asd | 21 | 31.190476 | 79 | 0.349057 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | f2696c0d527b464d0f109872b7ff81592fcd1e23c11eb1228e6905fcc685daa5 | 32,742 | [
-1
] |
32,743 | statistics.asd | rwoldford_Quail/source/statistics.asd | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; statistics.asd
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1992 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; D.G. Anglin 1992.
;;; R.W. Oldford 1992.
;;;
;;;
;;;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(asdf:defsystem "statistics"
:default-component-class cl-source-file.lsp
:components
((:module "statistics/basic-statistics"
:components
((:file "summary-statistics")
(:file "sweep")))
(:module "statistics/stat-graphics"
:components
((:file "projection-trace")
(:file "qq-plot")
;; --> split between Views and Stat-Sessions (:file "display")
(:file "display-probability")
(:file "stem")
(:file "hue-light-view")
(:file "imagel")
(:file "image")
)
)
(:module "statistics/models"
:components ((:file "parse")
(:file "formula-reduce")
(:file "additive-formula-semantics")
(:file "formula-object")
(:file "factor")
(:file "contrasts")
(:file "response-matrix")
(:file "data-object")
(:file "data-frame")
;;(:file "fn") ---> gone to Mathematics directory
(:file "link")
(:file "family")
(:file "weight-fn")
(:file "model-object")
(:file "model-frame")
(:file "fit")
(:file "deviance")
(:file "residuals")
(:file "model-matrix")
(:file "gam")
(:file "gamfit-1") ;; temporary name, probably
(:file "glm")
(:file "least-squares-mixin")
(:file "linear-model")
(:file "lsfit")
;; (:file "models-topic-doc")
(:file "new-terms")
;;(:file "display") << has wb:
)
)
(:module "statistics/stat-sessions"
:components
((:file "response-session"))
)
)) | 2,777 | Common Lisp | .asd | 71 | 23.169014 | 83 | 0.345251 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | dddbe4fb728e83b8687700a22006cb52a6ca01b1987c59c8fc0113678773a87e | 32,743 | [
-1
] |
32,744 | analysis-map.asd | rwoldford_Quail/source/analysis-map.asd | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; analysis-map.asd
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1992 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; R.W. Oldford 1992.
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
PLACEHOLDER ONLY
(defsystem analysis-map
:source-pathname (identity (append-directories
(path-source)
(path-analysis-map)))
:binary-pathname (identity (append-directories
(path-binary)
(bin (path-analysis-map))))
:components ((:module browser
:source-pathname (path-browser)
:binary-pathname (bin (path-browser))
:components ((:file "cl-extensions")
(:file "grapher-package")
(:file "specific-package")
(:file "browser-package")
;;(:file (add-system-extension "wb-extensions"))
(:file "grapher-var")
(:file "graph-window")
(:file (add-system-extension "graph-window"))
(:file "grapher")
;;(:file "quail-window")
;;(:file "mop")
(:file (add-system-extension "browser"))
(:file (add-system-extension "browser-2"))
(:file "browser")
(:file (add-system-extension "browser-menu"))
)
)
(:module display-network
:source-pathname (path-display-network)
:binary-pathname (bin (path-display-network))
:components ((:file (add-system-extension "quail-functions"))
(:file "utility")
(:file (add-system-extension "quail-icon"))
(:file "prompt-mixin")
(:file "dated-object")
(:file "initable-object")
(:file "editable-object")
(:file "indexed-object")
(:file "named-object")
(:file "documented-object")
(:file "linked-object")
(:file "tool-box-link")
(:file "find-where-mixin")
(:file "body-menu")
(:file "title-bar-mixin")
(:file "quail-object")
(:file "memo")
(:file "quail-browser")
(:file "network-view")
(:file "micro-view")
(:file "analysis-network")
(:file "toolbox-network")
(:file "analysis-path")
;;(:file "junk-extract")
(:file (add-system-extension "quail-methods"))
)
)
)
)
| 3,955 | Common Lisp | .asd | 75 | 25.893333 | 86 | 0.307553 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | c3b34cb44c0a43496931de72bc88ab79ddb7ddc0ca044b2b41718a9c55806011 | 32,744 | [
-1
] |
32,745 | top-level.asd | rwoldford_Quail/source/top-level.asd | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; top-level.asd
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1990 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; R.W. Oldford 1991.
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(asdf:defsystem "top-level"
:default-component-class cl-source-file.lsp
:components ((:file "top-level/quail-top-level-read")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "top-level/top-level-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "top-level/top-level-pc")
(:file "top-level/infix")
(:file "top-level/top-level")
;; the following allows execution of forms from within an edit
;; window *when* the Quail top-level loop is running.
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "top-level/editor-sblx")
#+:ccl (:file "top-level/editor-mcl")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "top-level/editor-pc")
(:file "top-level/quail-menu")
(:file "top-level/quail-plot-menu")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "top-level/quail-menubar-sblx")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "top-level/quail-menubar-pc")
))
| 1,388 | Common Lisp | .asd | 32 | 34.5 | 79 | 0.432792 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 78bd1fbcba938230d2a51d253268cc0a32048b680b278e8af35c79353b839e4b | 32,745 | [
-1
] |
32,746 | quail-kernel.asd | rwoldford_Quail/source/quail-kernel.asd | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; quail-kernel.asd
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1990 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; Greg Anglin 1989, 1990, 1991.
;;; R.W. Oldford 1989 +
;;; Bob White
;;; Greg Bennett 2017
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(asdf:defsystem "quail-kernel"
:default-component-class cl-source-file.lsp
:components ((:file "quail-kernel/quail-kernel-package")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "quail-kernel/quail-kernel-system-sblx")
#+:ccl-1.11(:file "quail-kernel/quail-kernel-system-ccl")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "quail-kernel/quail-kernel-system-pc")
(:module "quail-kernel/mop"
:components (#+:sbcl-linux(:file "mop-sblx")
#+:ccl.1-11(:file "mop-ccl")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "mop-pc")
(:file "mixin-to-quail")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "function-info-sblx")
#+:ccl-1.11(:file "function-info-ccl")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "function-info-pc")
))
(:module "quail-kernel/basic"
:components ((:file "defmethod-multi")
(:file "special-vars")
(:file "synonym")
(:file "seq")
(:file "tree")
(:file "search-tree")
(:file "utility"
:depends-on ("special-vars"))
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "utility-sblx")
#+:ccl-1.11(:file "utility-ccl")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "utility-pc")
(:file "seq-utilities")
(:file "symbols")
(:file "quail-object")
(:file "proto-mixin")
(:file "open-mixin")
(:file "return-class")
(:file "make-result")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "defconstant")))
(:module "quail-kernel/io"
:components ((:file "quail-io")
(:file "quail-file")
(:file "scan")
(:file "slots")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "save-sblx")
#+:ccl-1.11(:file "save-ccl")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "save-pc")
(:file "restore")
;; (:file (add-system-extension "restore"))
)
:depends-on ("quail-kernel/basic")
)
(:module "quail-kernel/ref"
:components ((:file "ref-object")
(:file "eref")
(:file "ref")
(:file "indices")
(:file "ref-if")
(:file "ref-eq")
(:file "setf-ref")
(:file "sel")
(:file "with-ref")
(:file "number-of-elements")
(:file "number-of-slices")
(:file "subscript-utility")
(:file "row-major-ops")
(:file "column-major-ops")
;; this wasn't doing anything anywhere ... dga 94 03
;; (:file "ref-behavior")
)
:depends-on ("quail-kernel/basic" "quail-kernel/io")
)
(:module "quail-kernel/math"
:components (#+(not (or :sbcl-linux :ccl-1.11))(:file "extended-ops")
#+:sbcl-linux(:file "extended-ops-sblx")
#+:ccl-1.11(:file "extended-ops-ccl")
#+:aclpc-linux(:file "extended-ops-pc")
(:file "matrix-multiply"))
:depends-on ("quail-kernel/basic" "quail-kernel/io" "quail-kernel/ref")
)
(:module "quail-kernel/array"
:components ((:file "map-element")
(:file "map-slices")
(:file "array")
(:file "ref-array")
(:file "mk-array")
(:file "copy-dispatch")
(:file "num-array")
(:file "ones-array")
(:file "matrix")
(:file "file-matrix")
(:file "collapse")
(:file "tp")
(:file "glue")
(:file "slice")
(:file "sort-object"
:depends-on ("slice"))
(:file "sort")
(:file "sort-position"
:depends-on ("slice"))
(:file "ranks")
(:file "order")
(:file "remove-slices")
(:file "find-slices")
(:file "count-slices"
:depends-on ("slice"))
(:file "substitute-slices")
(:file "replace-slices")
(:file "slice-positions")
(:file "reduce-slices")
)
:depends-on ("quail-kernel/basic" "quail-kernel/io" "quail-kernel/ref" "quail-kernel/math")
))
)
| 7,081 | Common Lisp | .asd | 128 | 25.992188 | 116 | 0.296675 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 7871a2798787c953d15e7cc8db6a449a7663430a072eabb5d45cd2fe2e99a333 | 32,746 | [
-1
] |
32,747 | views.asd | rwoldford_Quail/source/views.asd | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; views.asd
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1991 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; C. Hurley
;;; R.W. Oldford 1991.
;;;
;;;
;;;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(asdf:defsystem "views"
:default-component-class cl-source-file.lsp
:components
((:file "views/views-package")
(:module "views/views-macros"
:components
((:file "region")
(:file "draw-macros")
(:file "linkbounds-macros")))
(:module "views/utilities"
:components
(
;;(:file "affinetrans")
(:file "fasttrans")
(:file "title-menu")
(:file "class-info")
(:file "function-info")
(:file "stats")
)
:depends-on ("views/views-macros"))
(:module "views/views-data"
:components
((:file "data")
(:file "simple-case-object")
(:file "dataset")
(:file "mway-dataset")
(:file "data-lists")
(:file "data-ref-arrays")
(:file "dataset-class")
(:file "mlevel-dataset")
(:file "data-subsets")
(:file "prompt-data")
))
(:module "views/views-general"
:components
((:file "special-vars")
(:file "draw-styles")
(:file "draw-style-mixins")
(:file "button-mixin" )
(:file "linkbounds")
(:file "view-generics")
(:file "view-def" )
(:file "view-ops" )
(:file "layer" )
(:file "view-window")
(:file "abstract-views" )
(:file "make-views" )
(:file "display"))
:depends-on ("views/views-macros"))
#|
(:module "views/views-mixins"
:components
( (:file "brush" )
(:file "angled-brush" )
(:file "lines-mixin")
(:file "mixin" )
(:file "link-table" )
(:file "link" )
(:file "tic-mixin")
(:file "bordered-view-mixin"))
:depends-on ("views/views-macros"))
(:module "views/controls"
:components
((:file "button-control")
(:file "control-button")
(:file "elliptical-button")
(:file "rounded-button")
(:file "signpost-button")
(:file "prompt-widget")
(:file "slider")
(:file "double-slider")
(:file "range-slider"))
:depends-on ("views/views-macros"))
(:module "views/simple-views"
:components
((:file "label")
(:file "point-symbol")
(:file "bar" )
(:file "pie" )
(:file "line-segment")
(:file "function-view")
(:file "line" )
(:file "text-view" )
(:file "numerical-label")
(:file "key-input")
(:file "editable-text")
)
:depends-on ("views/views-macros"))
(:module "views/dview-def"
:components
((:file "d-view-mixins" )
(:file "d-view-defs" )
(:file "d-view" )
(:file "d-view-menus" )
(:file "change-var" )
(:file "change-cases" )
(:file "text-link" ))
:depends-on ("views/views-macros"))
(:module "views/d-views"
:components
((:file "one-per-case")
(:file "point-cloud")
(:file "fitted-line")
(:file "simple-lines")
(:file "lines" )
(:file "histogram")
(:file "boxplot")
(:file "axis")
(:file "grid-view")
(:file "smooth")
;;(:file "barchart")
;;(:file "fringe-view")
(:file "interval-view")
(:file "line-segments-per-case")
(:file "moving-cloud-mixin" )
(:file "rotation")
(:file "rotating-lines")
)
:depends-on ("views/views-macros"))
(:module "views/layout"
:components
((:file "view-layers")
(:file "view-layout")
(:file "grid-layout")
(:file "batch-layout")
(:file "1d-layout")
(:file "pairs-layout")
(:file "xy-layout")
(:file "case-layout")
(:file "barchart")
(:file "table")
)
:depends-on ("views/views-macros"))
(:module "views/plots"
:components
((:file "plot-mixins")
(:file "plot" )
(:file "plot-d" )
(:file "grid-plot")
(:file "rotating-plot")
(:file "bar-plot")
(:file "overlay-plots" )
(:file "make-plots" ))
:depends-on ("views/views-macros"))
(:module "views/scroll"
:components
((:file "arrow")
(:file "scroll-bar")
(:file "scrollable-view-mixin" )
(:file "display-list")
(:file "scrolling-display"))
:depends-on ("views/views-macros"))
(:module "views/prompt-plot"
:components
((:file "prompt-selections")
(:file "single-plot")
(:file "group-plot")
;; (:file "prompt-projection-trace" )
(:file "prompt-plot")
(:file "prompt-plot-menu")))
(:module "views/clone"
:components
((:file "clone")
(:file "copy")
(:file "combine-args")))
(:module "views/display"
:components
((:file "display-methods")
(:file "display-data")
(:file "signposts-methods")
))
(:module "views/other"
:components
((:file "connected-points")
))
|#
)
)
| 6,331 | Common Lisp | .asd | 196 | 20.806122 | 83 | 0.422401 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 8d1a118d670b6060e90b8dd03395ebb8f14a3a64e32abf601d7de6b6c034e5f0 | 32,747 | [
-1
] |
32,748 | quail.asd | rwoldford_Quail/source/quail.asd | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; quail.asd
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1990 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; Greg Anglin 1989, 1990, 1991.
;;; R.W. Oldford 1989 +
;;; Bob White
;;; Greg Bennett 2017
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(asdf:defsystem "quail" ;; since that is where quail-package.lsp is!
;; There is now a quail directory within source.
:default-component-class cl-source-file.lsp
:components ((:file "quail/quail-package")
;(:file "force-to-pathname") ;; this is in test-documentation-path.lsp
)) | 894 | Common Lisp | .asd | 24 | 32.291667 | 84 | 0.394707 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 10e4a7847bca470cef207b4ac71caba5628d4f1a8fd423cf12a13d7a40901cbd | 32,748 | [
-1
] |
32,749 | documentation.asd | rwoldford_Quail/source/documentation.asd | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; documentation.asd
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1991 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; R.W. Oldford 1991.
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
(asdf:defsystem "documentation"
:default-component-class cl-source-file.lsp
:components ((:file "documentation/documentation-path") ;07JAN2020
(:file "documentation/inform-user")
(:file "documentation/edit-file")
(:file "documentation/doc-vars")
(:file "documentation/doc-utility")
(:file "documentation/documentation")
(:file "documentation/doc-type")
(:file "documentation/utility-args")
(:file "documentation/doc")
(:file "documentation/write-doc")
(:file "documentation/format-ext")
(:file "documentation/format-doc")
(:file "documentation/topic")
(:file "documentation/install-topics")
(:file "documentation/generate-topic")
(:file "documentation/format-tree")
(:file "documentation/documentation-string")
(:file "documentation/make-doc")
(:file "documentation/document-topics")
(:file "documentation/auto-topics")
(:file "documentation/help")
(:file "documentation/tex-basic")
(:file "documentation/write-tex")
(:file "documentation/tex-ext")
(:file "documentation/doc-tex-index")
(:file "documentation/write-tex-doc")
(:file "documentation/document-symbols")
(:file "documentation/tex-doc-symbols")
(:file "documentation/track-new-symbols")
(:file "documentation/header-box")
(:file "documentation/help-window")
;(:file "documentation/header-box")
(:file "documentation/doc-display-lists")
;(:file "documentation/help-window")
(:file "documentation/help-sub-views")
(:file "documentation/help-view")
(:file "documentation/help-display")
(:file "documentation/doc-index")
))
| 2,574 | Common Lisp | .asd | 55 | 34.163636 | 83 | 0.481732 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 11ece105924f7b0bf3c6ac5788b9f487f8111b9d05646e23c0d3a0e7623502d9 | 32,749 | [
-1
] |
32,750 | display-network.asd | rwoldford_Quail/source/display-network.asd | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; display-network.system
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1992 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; R.W. Oldford 1992.
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
PLACEHOLDER ONLY
(defsystem display-network
:source-pathname (identity (append-directories
(path-source)
(path-display-network)))
:binary-pathname (identity (append-directories
(path-binary)
(bin (path-display-network))))
:components ((:file (add-system-extension "quail-functions"))
(:file "utility")
(:file (add-system-extension "quail-icon"))
(:file "prompt-mixin")
(:file "dated-object")
(:file "initable-object")
(:file "editable-object")
(:file "indexed-object")
(:file "named-object")
(:file "documented-object")
(:file "linked-object")
(:file "zoom-mixin")
(:file "tool-box-link")
(:file "find-where-mixin")
(:file "body-menu")
(:file "title-bar-mixin")
(:file "quail-object")
(:file "memo")
(:file "quail-browser")
(:file "network-view")
(:file "micro-view")
(:file "analysis-network")
(:file "toolbox-network")
(:file "analysis-path")
;;(:file "junk-extract")
(:file (add-system-extension "quail-methods"))
;; to be added (:file "setup-menus")
)
)
(defun compile-display-network (&rest op-on-sys-keyword-pairs
&key (verbose T)
&allow-other-keys)
"Compiles the display-network system using make's~
operate-on-system's keywords."
(apply #'operate-on-system 'display-network 'compile
:verbose verbose
:allow-other-keys T op-on-sys-keyword-pairs))
(defun load-display-network (&rest op-on-sys-keyword-pairs
&key (verbose T)
&allow-other-keys)
"Loads the display-network system using make's~
operate-on-system's keywords."
(apply #'operate-on-system 'display-network 'load
:verbose verbose
:allow-other-keys T op-on-sys-keyword-pairs)) | 2,732 | Common Lisp | .asd | 68 | 28.279412 | 87 | 0.456767 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 1a13042719cc93b33082cd12fe5b5fc88415b65c55ee9dcf59462b3f3dd03b26 | 32,750 | [
-1
] |
32,751 | hardcopy-mcl-tpc.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/doc/auto/quail-user/hardcopy-mcl-tpc.lsp | (setf (doc 'HARDCOPY-MCL :topic)
(MAKE-INSTANCE
'QUAIL-KERNEL::TOPIC-DOCUMENTATION
:NAME
"HARDCOPY-MCL"
:PACKAGE
"QUAIL-USER"
:SYMBOL
'HARDCOPY-MCL
:DOC-CAPSULE
NIL
:DOC-ELABORATION
NIL
:EXAMPLES
'NIL
:REFERENCES
NIL
:SEE-ALSO
'NIL
:SUPER-TOPICS
'NIL
:SUB-TOPICS
'((WINDOW-BASICS:CANVAS-HARDCOPY :GENERIC-FUNCTION)
(WINDOW-BASICS:HARDCOPY-BITMAP :GENERIC-FUNCTION)
(WINDOW-BASICS:PRINT-CONTENTS :GENERIC-FUNCTION)))
)
(setf (doc 'HARDCOPY-MCL :topic)
(MAKE-INSTANCE
'QUAIL-KERNEL::TOPIC-DOCUMENTATION
:NAME
"HARDCOPY-MCL"
:PACKAGE
"QUAIL-USER"
:SYMBOL
'HARDCOPY-MCL
:DOC-CAPSULE
NIL
:DOC-ELABORATION
NIL
:EXAMPLES
'NIL
:REFERENCES
NIL
:SEE-ALSO
'NIL
:SUPER-TOPICS
'NIL
:SUB-TOPICS
'((WINDOW-BASICS:CANVAS-HARDCOPY :GENERIC-FUNCTION)
(WINDOW-BASICS:HARDCOPY-BITMAP :GENERIC-FUNCTION)
(WINDOW-BASICS:PRINT-CONTENTS :GENERIC-FUNCTION)))
)
| 992 | Common Lisp | .cl | 52 | 15.076923 | 55 | 0.685897 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | c688ee3d8e953adb1932f90ab5eab7be53b6cf8537734848095152ccb7586192 | 32,751 | [
-1
] |
32,752 | bugs-mcl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/comments/bugs-mcl.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Known bugs and workarounds for the Mac
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1995 Statistical Computing Laboratory,
;;; University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; R.W. Oldford 1995.
;;;
;;;
;;;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;;;
;;;
(in-package :quail-user)
;;; CODE FOR ALL FIXES MAY BE FOUND IN "q:comments;fixes-mcl.lsp"
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Suddenly inactive menubars
;;;
;;; Occasionally some or all of the menubar becomes inactive.
;;; We have not been able to determine the cause of this, but offer
;;; the following fix.
;;;
;;; Evaluate the form (re-enable-menubars)
;;;
;;; This evaluation can be programmed to be executed when you press
;;; either
;;;
;;; ... the f12 function key (if you have one), as in
;;; (ccl::def-fred-command (:function #\c) re-enable-menubars)
;;;
;;; or
;;;
;;; ... CTRL-META-M (the control key + the option key + the m key)
;;; (ccl::def-fred-command (:control :meta #\m) re-enable-menubars)
;;;
;;; You may want to put either form (or both forms) in your initialization
;;; file quail-init.lsp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Disappearing menubar (never actually seen this one, but ... rwo)
;;;
;;; Should the menubar ever disappear, it can be reconstructed by
;;; evaluating (q::install-default-quail-menubar)
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; MIXED UP MENUS
;;;
;;; For some bizarre reason, after prolonged use, MCL can start
;;; messing up all the pointers to the contents of their menus.
;;;
;;; I think that the reason this happens is that the heap MCL uses
;;; for menus gets confused after awhile.
;;;
;;; So to release all of the space we use for Quail's pop-up menus, evaluate
;;;
;;; (restart-menus)
;;;
;;; This removes all menus and releases their space. This just gives you
;;; a clean slate. When you next need a pop-up menu it will be built from
;;; scratch and cached as before.
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
| 2,498 | Common Lisp | .cl | 73 | 31.547945 | 87 | 0.485679 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 9e51b141254432b6de4a228eb4722c1828470903c7d83e318bde3f966485bddb | 32,752 | [
-1
] |
32,753 | fixes-mcl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/comments/fixes-mcl.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; fixes-mcl.lsp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1995 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; R.W. Oldford 1995.
;;;
;;;
;;;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;;;
;;;
;;; This file sets up some MCL specific fixes.
;;;
(in-package :quail-user)
(export '(re-enable-menubars))
(defvar *all-menus*
(list ccl:*apple-menu*
ccl:*edit-menu*
ccl:*eval-menu*
ccl:*file-menu*
ccl:*tools-menu*
ccl:*windows-menu*
(q::quail-menu)
(q::quail-plot-menu)))
(defun re-enable-menubars (&rest whatever)
"Re-enables the menubars in case they have been ~
mysteriously rendered inactive."
(declare (ignore whatever))
(loop
for m in
(union
*all-menus*
(union
(ccl::menubar)
(loop for vw in (ccl::windows :class 'view-window)
append
(loop for (key . m) in (slot-value vw 'wb::title-menus)
;; using key here just suppresses a warning message
collect (progn key m)))
:test #'eq)
:test #'eq)
do (ccl::menu-enable m)))
(defun restart-menus ()
"Removes all Quail menus cached on any view and on the menubar ~
and releases the space."
(loop
for menu in
(set-difference *quail-menubar* wb::*system-default-menubar*)
do
(wb::release-menu-space menu)
finally
(ccl::set-menubar wb::*system-default-menubar*))
(labels
((doit (&optional class)
(unless (class-p class)
(setf class (find-class class)))
(let ((an-instance (allocate-instance class))
(sub-classes (class-direct-subclasses class))
)
(loop for m in '(vw::left-menu
vw::middle-menu
vw::right-menu
vw::ctrl-left-menu
vw::ctrl-middle-menu
vw::ctrl-right-menu
)
when
(and (slot-exists-p an-instance m)
(wb::menu-p (slot-value an-instance m)))
do
(wb::release-menu-space (slot-value an-instance m))
(setf (slot-value an-instance m) NIL))
(when sub-classes
(loop for sub-class in sub-classes
do (doit sub-class))))
))
(doit (find-class 'vw::button-mixin)))
(q::install-default-quail-menubar))
| 2,866 | Common Lisp | .cl | 84 | 24.02381 | 84 | 0.468912 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | fca2b339056c391d99ce9c7be41e3424db7f62037296038219aaca8940d44777 | 32,753 | [
-1
] |
32,755 | scroll-ccl-obs.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/analysis-map/Misc/browser-obs/scroll-ccl-obs.lsp | ;;
;; scroll-bars
;;
(in-package 'specific)
(proclaim '(object-variable wptr))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; window event functions
(defobfun (window-activate-event-handler graph-window) (&aux graph)
(declare (object-variable browser))
(dolist (control (dialog-items))
(ask control (dialog-item-enable)))
(when (setq graph (ask (self) browser))
(install-browser-menubar graph))
(usual-window-activate-event-handler)
;;
;; after activating the window, we generate a mouse-up and down again
;; so that we can select a node in the window the same time the window
;; is activated
(unless (eq 0 (logand 512 (rref *current-event* event.modifiers)))
(_PostEvent :errchk :a0 2 :d0 0 :d0)
(_PostEvent :errchk :a0 1 :d0 0 :d0)))
(defobfun (window-deactivate-event-handler graph-window) ()
(dolist (control (dialog-items))
(ask control (dialog-item-disable)))
(set-menubar *default-menubar*)
(usual-window-deactivate-event-handler))
(defobfun (window-update-event-handler graph-window) ()
(mac-redisplay-graph (self))
(dolist (control (dialog-items))
(ask control (dialog-item-draw)))
(window-draw-grow-icon))
(defobfun (window-click-event-handler graph-window) (where &aux (window (self)))
;; ********* rwo (declare (special *last-mouse-state*))
(or (usual-window-click-event-handler where)
(progn
#| removed so that mouse info is only thru wb package ********* rwo
(or (boundp '*last-mouse-state*)
(setq *last-mouse-state* (make-mouse-state)))
(setf (mouse-state-position *last-mouse-state*)
(make-position (point-h (rref *current-event* event.where))
(point-v (rref *current-event* event.where))))
(setf (mouse-state-button *last-mouse-state*)
(if (eq (rref *current-event* event.what) 1) ; mouse button down
(if (logbitp 11 (rref *current-event* event.modifiers)) ; option key down
'left
'middle)
'up))
|#
(graph::apply-to-selected-node window))))
(defun mac-redisplay-graph (window &aux (w-ptr (ask window wptr)))
(_BeginUpdate :ptr w-ptr)
(graph::redisplay-graph window (make-translation-vector window))
(_EndUpdate :ptr w-ptr))
(defun redisplay-graph-in-rect (window rect)
(with-port (ask window wptr)
(_InvalRect :ptr rect))
(mac-redisplay-graph window))
| 2,662 | Common Lisp | .cl | 58 | 37.086207 | 93 | 0.597656 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 8e27c4cc6af8b38718ab15eb717755534f7d8df45b6183daad2db0548d3001c3 | 32,755 | [
-1
] |
32,756 | menu-ccl-obs.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/analysis-map/Misc/browser-obs/menu-ccl-obs.lsp | ;;;
;;; this file should be loaded after class browser has been created
;;;
;;; it contains the functions necessary to build the menubar associated with each
;;; class of browser, the functions necessary to activate those menubars and to
;;; apply the correct methods
;;;
;;; this file contains also the building of pop-up hierarchical menus
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; title menu : MENUBAR
;;;
(in-package 'pcl)
(defmethod initialize-instance :after ((browser browser::browser) &key)
;;; when a new browser is created, we must build a new menubar for its class
;;; if it doesn't already exist
;;; the building of menu should be specialized for Z-Browser which has both
;;; left and middle items
;; the browse-font slot is using a Xerox format and must be translated into a
;; mac format
(setf (slot-value browser 'browser::browse-font)
(mapcar #'(lambda (x)
(if (symbolp x)
(let ((x-name (symbol-name x)))
(cond
((string= x-name "HELVETICA") "helvetica")
((string= x-name "BOLD") ':bold)
((string= x-name "MEDIUM") ':plain)
(t x)))
x))
(slot-value browser 'browser::browse-font)))
(specific::make-menubar browser))
(in-package 'specific)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(make-menu
menu-p
select-in-menu)))
(defmethod make-menubar ((browser browser::browser) &aux menu)
;;; create a menubar for this class if it doesn't already exist and cache it
(declare (special *class-menubar-cache*))
(or (boundp '*class-menubar-cache*)
(setq *class-menubar-cache* nil))
(unless (assoc (class-of browser) *class-menubar-cache*)
;; if menubar doesn't exist, create it and save it in association list
(setq menu (create-menu-with-list
(slot-value browser 'browser::left-title-items)
"Edit"))
(push (cons (class-of browser)
(push (first *default-menubar*)
menu))
*class-menubar-cache*)))
(defun create-menu-with-list (the-list title)
;;; returns a list of menus, the first of them having the title title and the other
;;; ones if any the title of the corresponding item of the menu hierarchically
;;; superior
(let ((menu (oneof *menu* :menu-title title))
menu-list
(action '(browser-action nil)))
(dolist (item the-list)
(when (second item)
(setf (second action) (list 'quote (second item)))
(ask menu (add-menu-items
(oneof *menu-item*
:menu-item-title (first item)
:menu-item-action action))))
(if (> (length item) 3)
(dolist (sub-menu (create-menu-with-list (cdr (fourth item)) (first item)))
(push sub-menu menu-list))))
(push menu menu-list)
menu-list))
(defun install-browser-menubar (browser)
;;; make the menubar of the browser represented in window be the active menubar
;;; this function is called when window is activated
(declare (special *class-menubar-cache*))
(set-menubar (cdr (assoc (class-of browser)
*class-menubar-cache*))))
(defobfun (window-close graph-window) ()
;;; closes the window if command is down with mouse button
;;; hides it if just mouse button is down
;;; when a window is closed, we must deactivate its menubar.
(declare (special *current-event*))
(if (and (boundp '*current-event*)
(eq (rref *current-event* event.modifiers) 256))
(usual-window-close)
(_HideWindow :ptr (ask (self) wptr)))
(set-menubar *default-menubar*))
(defun browser-action (action)
;;; apply action to the selected window when a selection is made in a menu
(browser:do-selected-command (get-window-browser (front-window)) action nil))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; some function to update pcl object when window characteristics are changed
;;;
(defobfun (set-window-size graph-window) (h &optional v
&aux (window (self)) browser)
;;; when window is resized, controls must be resized
;;; h and v are the new dimensions of content-region
;; resize the window
(usual-set-window-size h v)
(unless v
(setq v (point-v h))
(setq h (point-h h)))
;; save the new size in the browser object
(when (setq browser (get-window-browser window))
(setf (slot-value browser 'browser::width) (- h 24))
(setf (slot-value browser 'browser::height) (- v 16)))
(resize-scroll-controls (self))
(_InvalRgn :ptr (rref (ask (self) wptr) window.strucRgn))
(redisplay-graph-in-rect window (graph-rect window))
(dolist (control (dialog-items))
(ask control (dialog-item-draw)))
(ask window (window-draw-grow-icon)))
(defobfun (set-window-position graph-window) (h &optional v)
;;; moving a window
;; move the window
(usual-set-window-position h v)
(unless v
(setq v (point-v h))
(setq h (point-h h)))
;; save the new position in the browser object
(let ((browser (get-window-browser (self))))
(when browser
(setf (slot-value browser 'browser::left) h)
(setf (slot-value browser 'browser::bottom) v))))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; pop up hierarchical menus implementation
;;;
(defobject *pop-up-menu* *menu* *menu-item*)
(defobfun (exist *pop-up-menu*) (init-list)
(have 'menu-rect nil)
(have 'title-rect nil)
(have 'default-item 1)
(usual-exist (init-list-default init-list))
(set-command-key #x1B)
(set-menu-item-check-mark menu-id))
(defobfun (menu-select *pop-up-menu*)
(&aux selection selected-menu selected-menu-item
(mouse-point (rref *current-event* Event.where)))
"Update the menu's items then displays the pop-menu. Default-item is the
item which will come up selected when the menu is displayed."
(menu-update)
(setq selection (_PopUpMenuSelect
:ptr menu-handle
:word (point-v mouse-point)
:word (- (point-h mouse-point) 2)
:word (or default-item 0)
:long)
;we get the selected menu in case you want to break the rules
;and use hierarchical menus in a pop-up menu
selected-menu (cdr (assoc (ash (logand #xFFFF0000 selection) -16)
*menu-id-object-alist*))
selected-menu-item (logand #x0000FFFF selection))
(ask selected-menu
(unless (eq selected-menu-item 0)
(setq default-item selected-menu-item)
(ask (nth (- selected-menu-item 1) (menu-items))
(menu-item-action)))))
(defobfun (menu-install *pop-up-menu*) ()
"Creates the actual Macintosh menu with all of the menu's current items."
(with-pstrs ((menu-title (menu-title)))
(setq menu-handle (_NewMenu :word menu-id
:ptr menu-title
:ptr))
(dolist (item (menu-items))
(with-pstrs ((data (simple-string (ask item (menu-item-title)))))
(_AppendMenu :ptr menu-handle
:ptr data))
(ask item
(if (eq (command-key) #x1B)
(menu-install))
(set-command-key (command-key))
(set-menu-item-check-mark (menu-item-check-mark))
(if (menu-item-enabled-p)
(menu-item-enable)
(menu-item-disable))
(unless (eq (menu-item-style) :plain)
(set-menu-item-style (menu-item-style))))))
(_InsertMenu :ptr menu-handle
:word -1))
(defun make-menu (&key (items nil)
(title nil)
(when-selected-fn nil)
(when-held-fn nil)
(change-offset-fn nil)
&aux menu)
(declare (ignore when-selected-fn when-held-fn change-offset-fn))
(labels ((force-string (x) (if (stringp x) x (format nil "~a" x)))
(make-submenu (a-menu-item)
(labels ((make-menu-item (a-menu-item)
(oneof *menu-item*
:menu-item-title (force-string (first a-menu-item))
:menu-item-action (list 'quote (second a-menu-item)))))
(if (>= (length a-menu-item) 4)
(oneof *pop-up-menu*
:menu-title (force-string (first a-menu-item))
:menu-item-title (force-string (first a-menu-item))
:menu-item-action (list 'quote (second a-menu-item))
:menu-items (mapcar #'make-submenu (rest (fourth a-menu-item))))
(make-menu-item a-menu-item)))))
(setq menu (oneof *pop-up-menu*
:menu-title (if (null title) "Untitled" (force-string title))
:menu-items (mapcar #'make-submenu items)))
(ask menu (have 'items items))
(ask menu (menu-install))
menu))
(defun menu-p (menu)
(typep menu *pop-up-menu*))
(defun select-in-menu (menu)
;;; menu-select works only if button is down so if this is not the case, we wait
;;; until button is pressed
(unless (logbitp 8 (_Button :word))
(loop
(when (logbitp 8 (_Button :word))
(return)))
(rlet ((event :event))
(_GetNextEvent :word 2 :ptr event :word)))
(ask menu (menu-select)))
| 10,188 | Common Lisp | .cl | 218 | 35.472477 | 95 | 0.561254 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 3d984e55ab6118519bbddbf8d1588380216a0178445d380fcc4f32972802feb4 | 32,756 | [
-1
] |
32,757 | browser-spec-ccl-obs.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/analysis-map/Misc/browser-obs/browser-spec-ccl-obs.lsp |
;;; replaced by canvas-title
(defun get-window-title (window) (ask window (window-title)))
;;; Replaced by setf (canvas-title canvas) in window-basics
(defun put-window-title (window title)
"Set a new title to window."
(or (stringp title)
(setq title (format nil "~a" title)))
(ask window (set-window-title title)))
| 348 | Common Lisp | .cl | 8 | 38.5 | 62 | 0.692073 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 9b404df9e664a1a86f3baa35e3f5157e827a62aa986416697cec0420267f8673 | 32,757 | [
-1
] |
32,758 | browser-spec-ccl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/analysis-map/Misc/browser-obs/browser-spec-ccl.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; browser-spec-mcl.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1988-1991 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; G. Desvignes 1988,1989
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;;;
;;;
;;; functions needed by browser specific to Macintosh
;;;
;;;
;;; uses region-as-list (NO MORE!! ... rwo)
;;; defined in package graph but don't use package graph
;;; because graph uses specific
;;;
;;;
;;; package definition
;;;
(in-package 'browser) ; package browser must exist before compiling file
(in-package 'specific)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(browser-prompt-print
browser-prompt-read
get-active-region
get-window-browser
it
*graph-format-choices*
*horiz-lattice*
*horiz-tree*
*vertical-lattice*
*vertical-tree*
make-menu
menu-p
push-in-buffer
scrolling-window
select-in-menu
set-window-browser
the-shift-key-p)))
;;;
;;; variables definition
;;;
(defvar *horiz-lattice* '(graph:lattice))
(defvar *horiz-tree* '(graph:copies-only))
(defvar *vertical-lattice* '(graph:reverse graph:vertical graph:lattice))
(defvar *vertical-tree* '(graph:reverse graph:vertical graph:copies-only))
(defvar *graph-format-choices* '(("horizontal lattice" (graph:lattice))
("vertical lattice" (graph:reverse graph:vertical graph:lattice))
("horizontal tree" (graph:copies-only))
("vertical tree" (graph:reverse graph:vertical graph:copies-only))))
;;;
;;; function definitions
;;;
(defun browser-prompt-print (prompt)
(quail-print prompt))
(defun browser-prompt-read (message)
(let ((active-window (front-window))
result)
(princ message)
(princ " > ")
(setq result (read-line))
(if (string= result "")
(setq result nil)
(setq result (read-from-string result)))
(ask active-window (window-select))
result))
(defun get-active-region (window)
"Return the inside region of the window. ~
As the height and width of the clipping region are the inside dimensions ~
of the window, we use it and the origin position of the window which is ~
given by the outside region of the window to built the inside region."
(let ((reg-1 (get-clipping-region window))
(reg-2 (get-window-region window)))
(setf (region-left reg-1)
(region-left reg-2))
(setf (region-bottom reg-1)
(region-bottom reg-2))
(setf (region-width reg-1)
(- (region-width reg-1) 24))
(setf (region-height reg-1)
(- (region-height reg-1) 16))
reg-1))
(defun get-window-browser (window)
"Returns the browser represented in window."
(declare (object-variable browser))
(ask window browser))
(defun push-in-buffer (text)
(ask (front-window) (set-window-layer 1))
(or (stringp text)
(setq text (format nil "~s" text)))
(dotimes (k (length text))
(_PostEvent :errchk :a0 3 :d0 (char text k) :d0)
(_PostEvent :errchk :a0 4 :d0 (char text k) :d0)
(event-dispatch))
(_PostEvent :errchk :a0 3 :d0 #\NewLine :d0)
(_PostEvent :errchk :a0 4 :d0 #\NewLine :d0))
(defun scrolling-window (window position)
;;; scrolls the window to position
(set-window-x-offset window (position-x position))
(set-window-y-offset window (position-y position))
(redisplay-graph-in-rect window (graph-rect window)))
(defun set-window-browser (window value)
"Associate a browser to the window."
(declare (object-variable browser))
(install-browser-menubar value)
(ask window (setq browser value)))
(defun the-shift-key-p () (shift-key-p))
(in-package 'graph)
(defun apply-function-to-node (window node)
(funcall (case (mouse-state)
(:left (browser-left-fn-of window))
(:middle (browser-middle-fn-of window))
(:right (browser-right-fn-of window)))
node window))
(defun track-node-in-window (window node-lst trans)
;; if cursor is in the content region then track node
(declare (object-variable selected-node))
(when node-lst
(let ((rect (specific::graph-rect window))
(now (ask window selected-node))
cursor near)
(loop
(setq cursor (get-cursor-position window))
(when (and (< (position-x cursor) (rref rect rect.right))
(< (position-y cursor) (rref rect rect.bottom)))
(setf (position-x cursor) (- (position-x cursor)
(position-x trans)))
(setf (position-y cursor) (- (position-y cursor)
(position-y trans)))
(setq near (node-lst-as-menu node-lst cursor)))
(unless (eq now near)
(if now (flip-node now window trans))
(if near (flip-node near window trans))
(setq now near))
(when (eq 0 (_StillDown :word))
(return)))
now)))
(defun apply-to-selected-node (window)
(declare (object-variable selected-node))
(let ((graph (graph-of window))
(trans (specific::make-translation-vector window))
node-lst node)
(when (and graph
(setq node-lst (graph-node-lst graph)))
(if (the-shift-key-p)
(when (setq node (track-node-in-window window node-lst trans))
(apply-function-to-node window node)
(flip-node node window trans)
(if (setq node (ask window selected-node))
(flip-node node window trans)))
(if (or (command-key-p)
(option-key-p))
(when (setq node (ask window selected-node))
(apply-function-to-node window node))
(ask window
(setq selected-node
(track-node-in-window window node-lst trans))))))))
| 6,671 | Common Lisp | .cl | 164 | 30.853659 | 103 | 0.551278 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 2453eaf0b475e6eea13f267d4bc8d1ec3bcfdd52ccdf1eee9f5cf5db842bd66a | 32,758 | [
-1
] |
32,759 | graph-spec-ccl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/analysis-map/Misc/browser-obs/graph-spec-ccl.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; graph-spec-mcl.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;;
;;; This file contains the definitions of functions specific for Mac needed
;;; by GRAPH.
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; G. Desvignes 1988-89
;;; R.W. Oldford 1988-1991
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package 'specific)
(import 'pcl::object) ; make specific::object be pcl::object to avoid
(shadow 'object) ; a conflict with ccl:object when object is exported
; from pcl in browser-pcl
(use-package 'ccl) ; in package ccl are defined the records and traps
(use-package 'ccl 'graph 'window-basics)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(apply-default-window-command
browser-left-fn-of
browser-middle-fn-of
browser-right-fn-of
graph-of
left-title-fn-of
get-window-middle-title-fn
make-window
set-window-browser-left-fn
set-window-browser-middle-fn
set-window-browser-right-fn
set-window-button-event-fn
set-window-graph
set-window-left-title-fn
set-window-middle-title-fn
)))
(use-package 'specific 'graph)
(proclaim '(object-variable wptr))
;;;
;;; function definitions
;;;
(defun apply-default-window-command (window)
"Apply the default command for the window when the button of the mouse is ~
pressed inside the window."
(declare (ignore window))
;; for Mac, we modify the title-bar of the window so that the window can be
;; moved by clicking inside an icon inside the title bar and graph functions
;; are performed when you click somewhere else in the title bar
;; this means that we don't need any default function
;;
nil)
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; WINDOW FUNCTIONS
;;;
(defobject graph-window (*color-canvas*)) ;<----------------change later **** rwo
(defun make-window (&key region title)
;;;
;;; creates a new window
;;; region is a list (left bottom width height)
;;; the dimensions are those of the content region of the window
;;;
(or (stringp title)
(setf title (format nil "~a" title)))
(let* ((window (oneof graph-window :window-title (or title "Untitled")
:window-type :document-with-zoom
:close-box-p t
:window-show nil))
(w-ptr (ask window wptr)))
(ask window (have 'browser-left-fn nil))
(ask window (have 'browser-middle-fn nil))
(ask window (have 'graph nil))
(ask window (have 'menubar nil)))
(ask window (have 'browser nil))
(ask window (have 'icon nil))
(ask window (have 'icon-w nil))
(ask window (have 'graph::selected-node nil))
(when region
(ask window (set-window-size (third region)(fourth region)))
(_MoveWindow :ptr w-ptr
:word (first region)
:word (max 40 (second region))
:word 255))
(ask window (window-select))
window))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; WINDOW FIELDS ACCESS FUNCTIONS
;;;
(defun browser-left-fn-of (window)
(declare (object-variable browser-left-fn))
(ask window browser-left-fn))
(defun browser-middle-fn-of (window)
(declare (object-variable browser-middle-fn))
(ask window browser-middle-fn))
(defun browser-right-fn-of (window)
(declare (ignore window))
nil)
(defun graph-of (window)
;;; returns the graph represented in the window
(declare (object-variable graph))
(if (ask window (boundp 'graph))
(ask window graph)
nil))
(defun left-title-fn-of (window)
;;; title menu is in menubar
(declare (ignore window))
nil)
(defun get-window-middle-title-fn (window)
;;; title menu is in menubar
(declare (ignore window))
nil)
(defun set-window-browser-left-fn (window fn)
(declare (object-variable browser-left-fn))
(ask window (setf browser-left-fn fn)))
(defun set-window-browser-middle-fn (window fn)
(declare (object-variable browser-middle-fn))
(ask window (setf browser-middle-fn fn)))
(defun set-window-browser-right-fn (window fn)
(declare (ignore window fn))
nil)
(defun set-window-button-event-fn (window fn)
;;; the button event fn is implemented by creating an object function
;;; window-click-event-handler for the new window class graph-window
(declare (ignore window))
fn)
(defun set-window-graph (window gr)
(declare (object-variable graph))
(ask window (setf graph gr)))
(defun set-window-left-title-fn (window fn)
;;; title menu is in menubar
(declare (ignore window))
fn)
(defun set-window-middle-title-fn (window fn)
;;; title menu is in menubar
(declare (ignore window))
fn)
| 5,407 | Common Lisp | .cl | 144 | 31.152778 | 94 | 0.583577 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | ef3f643fe24985d4c56f886e20210590b8b652c37a144c105122a17c31131b39 | 32,759 | [
-1
] |
32,760 | graph-spec-ccl-obs.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/analysis-map/Misc/browser-obs/graph-spec-ccl-obs.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; This file contains the functions and data structures which
;;; originally defined in the file having the same name without the
;;; "obs" (for obsolete) extension. All code contained here has been
;;; superseded by other code.
;;;
;;; RWO
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; This file contains the definitions of functions specific for Mac needed
;;; by GRAPH.
;;;
(eval-when (:execute :compile-toplevel)
(require 'records) ; system files needed
(require 'traps)) ; graph-mac is not compatible with quickdraw
;;;
;;; package definitions
;;;
(in-package 'pcl)
(in-package 'specific)
(import 'pcl::object) ; make specific::object be pcl::object to avoid
(shadow 'object) ; a conflict with ccl:object when object is exported
; from pcl in browser-pcl
(use-package 'ccl) ; in package ccl are defined the records and traps
(use-package 'ccl 'graph 'window-basics)
(use-package 'specific 'graph)
(proclaim '(object-variable wptr))
;;; Not used. Depends now on window-basics ********* rwo
;;;
;;; Structure definition not defined in graph-var (specific to Mac)
;;;
(defstruct mouse-state
position
button)
;;;
;;;
;;; function definitions
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; BITMAP FUNCTIONS <<<<<<<<<<<<< Should be replaced by window-basics bitmap
;;; funs **************** rwo
;;;
;;; ************
(defun make-bitmap (width height)
;;;
;;; make a new empty bitmap with given dimensions in pixels
;;;
(let ((zero 0)
(bm-object (make-bit-map))
row-bytes bm)
(with-rectangle-arg (r zero zero width height) ; the Y axis of the screen
; is oriented from top to bottom
(setf row-bytes (logand #xfffe
(+ 2 (ash (- (rref r rect.right) 1) -3))))
(setf bm (_NewPtr :errchk
:d0 (+ 14 (* row-bytes (rref r rect.bottom)))
:a0))
(rset bm bitmap.bounds r)
(rset bm bitmap.rowbytes row-bytes)
(rset bm bitmap.baseaddr (%inc-ptr bm 14)))
(setf (bit-map-height bm-object) height)
(setf (bit-map-width bm-object) width)
(setf (bit-map-bitmap bm-object) bm)
bm-object))
(defun bitmap-p (bitmap)
;;;
;;; returns T if bitmap is a bitmap
;;;
(typep bitmap 'bit-map))
(defun bitmap-height (bitmap)
(bit-map-height bitmap))
(defun bitmap-width (bitmap)
(bit-map-width bitmap))
;;; moved to window-basics as penmode-arg
(defun mode-arg (thing)
(or (and (fixnump thing)
(<= 0 thing 15)
thing)
(position thing *pen-modes*)
(quail-error "Unknown pen mode : ~a" thing)))
(defun copy-bitmap-to-window-region (source-bitmap
dest-window
dest-left
dest-top
width
height)
;;; sometimes, I don't know why, the slot bitmap of a bit-map becomes equal to
;;; nil. When this is the case, copybits doesn't work and we unexpectedly quit
;;; allegro
(with-port (ask dest-window wptr)
(rlet ((r-source :rect :top 0 :left 0 :bottom height :right width)
(r-dest :rect :top (- (+ dest-top height)) :left dest-left
:bottom (- dest-top) :right (+ dest-left width)))
(_CopyBits :ptr (bit-map-bitmap source-bitmap)
:ptr (rref (rref (ask dest-window wptr) window.port)
grafport.portbits)
:ptr r-source
:ptr r-dest
:word (mode-arg :patCopy)
:ptr nil))))
(defun copy-window-region-to-bitmap (source-window
source-left
source-top
dest-bitmap
width
height)
;;;
(with-port (ask source-window wptr)
(rlet ((r-source :rect :top (- (+ source-top height)) :left source-left
:bottom (- source-top) :right (+ source-left width))
(r-dest :rect :top 0 :left 0 :bottom height :right width))
(_CopyBits :ptr (rref (rref (ask source-window wptr) window.port)
grafport.portbits)
:ptr (bit-map-bitmap dest-bitmap)
:ptr r-source
:ptr r-dest
:word (mode-arg :patCopy)
:ptr nil))))
;;; ***********
;;; Replaced by window-basics functions ********** rwo
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; MOUSE READING FUNCTIONS
;;;
(defun get-mouse-state ()
;;;
;;; this function saves the state of the mouse in global variable *last-mouse-state*
;;; *last-mouse-state* is a variable of type mouse-state which has 2 slots :
;;; - position which is the position of the mouse
;;; - button which is the state of the button of the mouse. This state can be
;;; left, middle or up (but not right)
;;; as the mouse has only one button, the convention is that we return left
;;; if both the button and option key are pressed, and we return middle if
;;; only middle key is pressed without option
;;;
(declare (special *last-mouse-state*))
(or (boundp '*last-mouse-state*)
(setf *last-mouse-state* (make-mouse-state)))
(rlet((event :Event))
(if (eq 0 (_GetNextEvent :word 6 :ptr event :word))
(with-port (ask (front-window) wptr) ; if no event just update position of mouse
(rlet ((pos :point))
(_GetMouse :ptr pos)
(_LocalToGlobal :ptr pos)
(setf (mouse-state-position *last-mouse-state*)
(make-position (rref pos Point.h)
(rref pos Point.v)))))
(progn ; read mouse event
(setf (mouse-state-position *last-mouse-state*)
(make-position (point-h (rref event event.where))
(point-v (rref event event.where))))
(setf (mouse-state-button *last-mouse-state*)
(if (eq (rref event event.what) 1) ; if mouse button down
(if (logbitp 11 (rref event event.modifiers)) ; if option key down
'left
'middle)
'up))))
*last-mouse-state*))
(defun mouse-position ()
;;;
;;; return last mouse position last time get-mouse-state was called
;;;
(declare (special *last-mouse-state*))
(mouse-state-position *last-mouse-state*))
(defun last-mouse-state (state)
;;;
;;; state is left, middle, right or up
;;;
;;; returns T if the button *last-mouse-state* is state
;;;
(declare (special *last-mouse-state*))
(when (eq state (mouse-state-button *last-mouse-state*))
t))
(defun get-cursor-position (window)
;;;
;;; returns the position of the cursor in the local coordinates of the window
;;;
(with-port (ask window wptr)
(rlet ((pos :Point))
(_GetMouse :ptr pos)
(make-position (rref pos Point.h)
(- (rref pos Point.v))))))
;;; **********
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; FONT FUNCTIONS
;;;
;;;
;;; String-Width is already defined in Allegro
;;;
;;; ******** renamed with prefix canvas- and moved to window-basics **** rwo
(defun font-p (font)
"Returns t if font is a window-basics font, NIL otherwise."
(listp font))
(defun make-font (font-description &optional stream)
;;
;; for mac, the font and font-description are equivalent
;;
(declare (ignore stream))
font-description)
;;;
;;; These are replaced by canvas-* **** rwo
(defun font-ascent (font)
(font-info font))
(defun font-descent (font)
(second (multiple-value-list (font-info font))))
(defun font-height (font)
(multiple-value-bind (ascent descent widmax leading) (font-info font)
(declare (ignore widmax))
(+ ascent descent leading)))
;;;
;;;replaced by canvas-draw-line ********** rwo
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; GRAPHIC OPERATIONS
;;;
(defun draw-line (X1 Y1 X2 Y2 width operation window)
;;;
;;; draw a line in window from point (X1 Y1) to (X2 Y2) of width width
;;;
(with-port (ask window wptr)
(rlet ((Pen-State :PenState))
(rset Pen-State PenState.pnPat *black-pattern*)
(_SetPenState :ptr Pen-State)
(_PenSize :long (make-point width width))
(_PenMode :word (case operation
((replace) (mode-arg :patCopy))
((paint) (mode-arg :patOr))
((invert) (mode-arg :patXor))
((erase) (mode-arg :patBic))))
(_MoveTo :long (make-point X1 (- Y1)))
(_LineTo :long (make-point X2 (- Y2))))))
;;;
;;; replaced by canvas-clear *** rwo
(defun clear-window (window)
;;;
;;; clears the window ; we must create a new wptr if the window has been closed
;;;
(ask window (window-show))
(with-port (ask window wptr)
(_EraseRect :ptr (graph-rect window))))
;;;
;;; replaced by canvas-font **** rwo
(defun get-window-font (window)
(ask window (window-font)))
;;;
;;; replaced by setf on canvas-font **** rwo
(defun put-window-font (font window)
(ask window (set-window-font font)))
;;;
(defun fill-region (window left bottom width height &optional texture)
;;;
;;; fill the region defined by left, bottom, width, height of window
;;; with texture
;;;
(or texture (setf texture *black-pattern*))
(with-port (ask window wptr)
(_FillRect :ptr (make-rect (max 0 (- (+ bottom height)))
(max 0 left)
(min (get-window-height window)
(- top))
(min (get-window-width window)
(+ left width)))
:ptr texture)))
;;; Now canvas-p
(defun window-p (window) (typep window graph-window))
;;; Superseded by canvas-invert
(defun invert-region (window left top width height shade)
;;;
;;; invert the region in window
;;;
(declare (ignore shade))
(with-port (ask window wptr)
(_InverRect :ptr
(make-rect (max 0 (- (+ top height)))
(max 0 left)
(min (get-window-height window)
(- top))
(min (get-window-width window)
(+ left width))))))
;;; Superseded by canvas-move-to
(defun move-window-cursor-to (x y window)
"Set the pen to the given position."
(with-port (ask window wptr)
(_MoveTo :long (make-point x (- y)))))
;;; Turned into window-basics function canvas-to-top
(defun window-to-top (window)
"Brings the window to the front of all other windows."
(ask window (window-select)))
;;; Turned into window-basics function position-in-region-p
(defun inside-region (region position)
"Returns T if the position is inside the region."
(let ((x (position-x position))
(y (position-y position)))
(and (<= (region-left region) x)
(> (+ (region-left region) (region-width region)) x)
(<= (region-bottom region) y)
(> (+ (region-bottom region) (region-height region)) y))))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; I don't understand what the following was defined for.
;;; make-point, point-h, and point-v will be as defined by
;;; Mac CL anyway. ***** rwo
;;;
;;; Pascal record definitions not specified in record.lisp
;;;
(defrecord Point
(v integer 0)
(h integer 0))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Following now in window-basics file wb-records-ccl
;;;
(defun make-rect (top left bottom right)
(let (rect)
(setf rect (make-record :rect))
(set-record-field rect :rect ':topleft (make-point left top))
(set-record-field rect :rect ':bottomright (make-point right bottom))
rect))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; The following is actually defined in quickdraw! ********* rwo
;;;
(defmacro with-rectangle-arg ((var left top right bottom) &body body)
"Takes a rectangle, two points, or four coordinates and makes a rectangle. ~
Body is evaluated with VAR bound to that rectangle."
`(rlet ((,var :rect))
(cond (,bottom
(rset ,var rect.topleft (make-point ,left ,top))
(rset ,var rect.bottomright (make-point ,right ,bottom)))
(,right
(quail-error "illegal rectangle argument: ~s ~s ~s ~s"
,left ,top ,right ,bottom))
(,top
(rset ,var rect.topleft (make-point ,left nil))
(rset ,var rect.bottomright (make-point ,top nil)))
(t (setf ,var (pointer-arg ,left))))
,@body))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; The following is actually defined in quickdraw! ********* rwo
;;;
;;; used by with-rectangle-arg
;;;
(defun pointer-arg (thing)
(if (handlep thing)
thing
(quail-error "Argument: ~a is not a Macintosh pointer" thing)))
| 14,070 | Common Lisp | .cl | 350 | 31.531429 | 90 | 0.533501 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | b14dc4123aa8df98a5eb547f3797d431aa506d2b3565d6b6283f00010b7de38b | 32,760 | [
-1
] |
32,761 | scroll-ccl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/analysis-map/Misc/browser-obs/scroll-ccl.lsp | ;;
;; scroll-bars
;;
(in-package 'specific)
;some constants for tracking the clicks in the scroll-bar
(defconstant $InUpButton 20)
(defconstant $InDownButton 21)
(defconstant $InPageUp 22)
(defconstant $InPageDown 23)
(defconstant $InThumb 129)
(proclaim '(object-variable wptr))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;*scroll-bar-dialog-item*
;;
;;this class inherits from *dialog-item*
;;
(defobject *scroll-bar-dialog-item* *dialog-item*)
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;exist
;;
;;init-list keywords:
;; scroll-bar-length
;; direction
;;
;;in addition, the standard dialog-item init-list keywords can be used
;;
(defobfun (exist *scroll-bar-dialog-item*) (init-list)
(declare (object-variable min-setting max-setting direction scroll-bar-length))
(have 'scroll-bar-length (getf init-list :scroll-bar-length))
(have 'direction (getf init-list :direction))
(usual-exist (init-list-default init-list
:dialog-item-size
(case direction
(:vertical (make-point 16
scroll-bar-length))
(:horizontal (make-point scroll-bar-length
16))
(t (quail-error "illegal :direction ~a (must be :vertical or :horizontal)."
direction))))))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;add-self-to-dialog
;;
;; this is when we actually create the control (when the item
;; is added to a window)
(defobfun (add-self-to-dialog *scroll-bar-dialog-item*) (dialog)
(usual-add-self-to-dialog dialog)
(let* ((my-size (dialog-item-size))
(my-position (dialog-item-position)))
(rlet ((scroll-rect :rect))
(rset scroll-rect rect.topleft my-position)
(rset scroll-rect rect.bottomright (add-points my-position my-size))
(have 'dialog-item-handle
(#_NewControl :ptr (ask dialog wptr) ;window
:ptr scroll-rect ;item rectangle
:ptr 0 ;title
:word -1 ;visible
:word 0 ;initial value
:word 0 ;min value
:word 0 ;max value
:word 16 ;type of control
:long 0 ;refcon
:ptr)))))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;dialog-item-draw
;;
;;this function is called whenever the item needs to be drawn
;;
;;to draw the dialog-item, we just call _Draw1Control
;;
(defobfun (dialog-item-draw *scroll-bar-dialog-item*) ()
(declare (object-variable dialog-item-handle))
(#_Draw1Control :ptr dialog-item-handle))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;dialog-item-click-event-handler
;;
;;this is the function which is called when the user clicks in the scroll-bar
;;
;;It checks the scroll-bar part, and calls _TrackControl
;; If appropriate, it passes a hook function to _TrackControl
;;
;;During tracking, dialog-item-action is repeatedly called.
;;
(defobfun (dialog-item-click-event-handler *scroll-bar-dialog-item*) (where)
(declare (object-variable dialog-item-handle scroll-bar-proc))
(declare (special page-size))
(let* ((sb-handle dialog-item-handle)
(part (#_TestControl :ptr sb-handle :long where :word)))
(setq page-size (scroll-bar-length))
(if (eq part #.$InThumb)
(progn
(#_TrackControl :ptr sb-handle
:long where
:ptr -1
:word)
(dialog-item-action))
(#_TrackControl :ptr sb-handle
:long where
:ptr scroll-bar-proc
:word))))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;scroll-bar-proc
;;
;;this is the hook function which is passed to _TrackControl. The toolbox
;; will call this function periodically as the control is clicked.
;;
(defpascal scroll-bar-proc ((sb-handle :ptr) (part :word))
(declare (special page-size))
"This procedure adjusts the control value, and calls dialog-item-action."
(#_SetCtlValue :ptr sb-handle :word
(+ (#_GetCtlValue :ptr sb-handle :word)
(case part
(#.$InUpButton -5)
(#.$InDownButton 5)
(#.$InPageUp (- page-size))
(#.$InPageDown page-size)
(t 0))))
(dialog-item-action))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;scroll-bar-value
;;
;;a nice safe Lisp-level function for getting the value of the scroll-bar
;;
(defobfun (scroll-bar-value *scroll-bar-dialog-item*) ()
(declare (object-variable dialog-item-handle))
(#_GetCtlValue :ptr dialog-item-handle :word))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;scroll-bar-length
;;
;;this is a variation of dialog-item-size
;;
;;It only used one dimension, since scroll-bars almost always have a width
;; of 16 pixels.
;;
(defobfun (scroll-bar-length *scroll-bar-dialog-item*) ()
(max (point-h (dialog-item-size))
(point-v (dialog-item-size))))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;set-scroll-bar-length
;;
;;sets the length of the scroll-bar
;;
(defobfun (set-scroll-bar-length *scroll-bar-dialog-item*) (new-length)
(declare (object-variable direction dialog-item-handle))
(set-dialog-item-size (if (eq direction :horizontal)
(make-point new-length 16)
(make-point 16 new-length)))
(rlet ((rect :rect))
(rset rect rect.topleft (dialog-item-position))
(rset rect rect.bottomright (add-points (dialog-item-position)
(dialog-item-size)))
(rset dialog-item-handle control.rect rect)))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; more scroll bar item functions
(defobfun (dialog-item-enable *scroll-bar-dialog-item*) ()
(declare (object-variable dialog-item-handle))
(#_ShowControl :ptr dialog-item-handle)
(usual-dialog-item-enable))
(defobfun (dialog-item-disable *scroll-bar-dialog-item*) ()
(declare (object-variable dialog-item-handle))
(#_HideControl :ptr dialog-item-handle)
(usual-dialog-item-disable))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; window event functions
(defobfun (window-activate-event-handler graph-window) (&aux graph)
(declare (object-variable browser))
(dolist (control (dialog-items))
(ask control (dialog-item-enable)))
(when (setq graph (ask (self) browser))
(install-browser-menubar graph))
(usual-window-activate-event-handler)
;;
;; after activating the window, we generate a mouse-up and down again
;; so that we can select a node in the window the same time the window
;; is activated
(unless (eq 0 (logand 512 (rref *current-event* event.modifiers)))
(#_PostEvent :errchk :a0 2 :d0 0 :d0)
(#_PostEvent :errchk :a0 1 :d0 0 :d0)))
(defobfun (window-deactivate-event-handler graph-window) ()
(dolist (control (dialog-items))
(ask control (dialog-item-disable)))
(set-menubar *default-menubar*)
(usual-window-deactivate-event-handler))
(defobfun (window-update-event-handler graph-window) ()
(mac-redisplay-graph (self))
(dolist (control (dialog-items))
(ask control (dialog-item-draw)))
(window-draw-grow-icon))
(defobfun (window-click-event-handler graph-window) (where &aux (window (self)))
;; ********* rwo (declare (special *last-mouse-state*))
(or (usual-window-click-event-handler where)
(progn
#| removed so that mouse info is only thru wb package ********* rwo
(or (boundp '*last-mouse-state*)
(setq *last-mouse-state* (make-mouse-state)))
(setf (mouse-state-position *last-mouse-state*)
(make-position (point-h (rref *current-event* event.where))
(point-v (rref *current-event* event.where))))
(setf (mouse-state-button *last-mouse-state*)
(if (eq (rref *current-event* event.what) 1) ; mouse button down
(if (logbitp 11 (rref *current-event* event.modifiers)) ; option key down
'left
'middle)
'up))
|#
(graph::apply-to-selected-node window))))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; function to access data related to scroll
;;;
(defun get-window-x-offset (window)
(declare (object-variable extent-region))
(if (ask window (boundp 'extent-region))
(first (ask window extent-region))
0))
(defun get-window-y-offset (window)
(declare (object-variable extent-region))
(if (ask window (boundp 'extent-region))
(second (ask window extent-region))
0))
(defun set-extent-window-region (window extent)
(declare (object-variable extent-region))
(ask window (setq extent-region extent))
(make-scroll-controls window))
(defun set-window-x-offset (window value)
(declare (object-variable extent-region))
(ask window (setf (first extent-region) value))
value)
(defun set-window-y-offset (window value)
(declare (object-variable extent-region))
(ask window (setf (second extent-region) value))
value)
(defun graph-rect (window &aux)
;;; returns the rectangle in which the graph is drawn inside the window in
;;; local coordinates
(when (ask window (boundp 'wptr))
(let ((rgn (%get-ptr (rref (ask window wptr) window.contRgn))))
(make-rect 0
0
(- (%get-signed-word rgn 6) (%get-signed-word rgn 2) 15)
(- (%get-signed-word rgn 8) (%get-signed-word rgn 4) 15)))))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; other functions
(defun make-translation-vector (window)
(make-position (- (get-window-x-offset window))
(- (+ (get-window-y-offset window)
(get-window-height window)))))
(defun mac-redisplay-graph (window &aux (w-ptr (ask window wptr)))
(#_BeginUpdate :ptr w-ptr)
(graph::redisplay-graph window (make-translation-vector window))
(#_EndUpdate :ptr w-ptr))
(defun redisplay-graph-in-rect (window rect)
(with-port (ask window wptr)
(#_InvalRect :ptr rect))
(mac-redisplay-graph window))
(defun redisplay-after-horizontal-scroll (&aux (window (front-window))
move update-rect)
(setq update-rect (graph-rect window))
(unless (eq (setq move (- (get-window-x-offset window) (scroll-bar-value))) 0)
(set-window-x-offset window (scroll-bar-value))
(#_ScrollRect :ptr update-rect :word move :word 0
:ptr (rref (ask window wptr) window.updateRgn))
(if (< 0 move)
(rset update-rect rect.right (+ move (rref update-rect rect.left)))
(rset update-rect rect.left (+ move (rref update-rect rect.right))))
(redisplay-graph-in-rect window update-rect)))
(defun redisplay-after-vertical-scroll (&aux (window (front-window))
move update-rect)
(setq update-rect (graph-rect window))
(unless (eq 0 (setq move (+ (get-window-y-offset window)
(scroll-bar-value))))
(set-window-y-offset window (- (scroll-bar-value)))
(#_ScrollRect :ptr update-rect :word 0 :word (- move)
:ptr (rref (ask window wptr) window.updateRgn))
(if (< 0 move)
(rset update-rect rect.top (- (rref update-rect rect.bottom) move))
(rset update-rect rect.bottom (- (rref update-rect rect.top) move)))
(redisplay-graph-in-rect window update-rect)))
(defun compute-scroll-dimensions (window scroll-direction &aux length position)
(if (eq scroll-direction :horizontal)
(progn (setq position (make-point -1 (+ 1 (get-window-height window))))
(setq length (+ 3 (get-window-width window))))
(progn (setq position (make-point (+ 1 (get-window-width window)) -1))
(setq length (+ 3 (get-window-height window)))))
(values position length))
(defun set-horizontal-scroll-bounds (scroll window)
(declare (object-variable extent-region dialog-item-handle))
(let ((extent (ask window extent-region))
maxi value)
(setq maxi (max 0 (- (third extent)
(get-window-width window))))
(if (> maxi 0) (setq maxi (+ 8 maxi)))
(setq value (max 0 (min maxi (first extent))))
(#_SetMaxCtl :ptr (ask scroll dialog-item-handle) :word maxi)
(#_setCtlValue :ptr (ask scroll dialog-item-handle)
:word (set-window-x-offset window value))))
(defun set-vertical-scroll-bounds (scroll window)
(declare (object-variable extent-region dialog-item-handle))
(let ((extent (ask window extent-region))
mini value)
(setq mini (- (max 0 (- (fourth extent)
(get-window-height window)))))
(setq value (max 0 (min (- mini) (second extent))))
(#_SetMinCtl :ptr (ask scroll dialog-item-handle) :word mini)
(#_setCtlValue :ptr (ask scroll dialog-item-handle)
:word (- (set-window-y-offset window value)))))
(defun resize-scroll-controls (window)
(declare (object-variable direction))
(dolist (control (ask window (dialog-items)))
(multiple-value-bind (position length)
(compute-scroll-dimensions
window (ask control direction))
(ask control (set-dialog-item-position position))
(ask control (set-scroll-bar-length length))
(if (eq (ask control direction) :horizontal)
(set-horizontal-scroll-bounds control window)
(set-vertical-scroll-bounds control window)))))
(defun make-horizontal-scroll (window &aux scroll)
;;; window must be opened in order for make-horizontal-scroll to work
(multiple-value-bind (position length)
(compute-scroll-dimensions window :horizontal)
(ask window (add-dialog-items
(setq scroll
(oneof *scroll-bar-dialog-item*
:dialog-item-position position
:direction :horizontal
:scroll-bar-length length
:dialog-item-action
#'redisplay-after-horizontal-scroll)))))
(set-horizontal-scroll-bounds scroll window))
(defun make-vertical-scroll (window &aux scroll)
;;; window must be opened in order for make-vertical-scroll to work
(multiple-value-bind (position length)
(compute-scroll-dimensions window :vertical)
(ask window (add-dialog-items
(setq scroll
(oneof *scroll-bar-dialog-item*
:dialog-item-position position
:direction :vertical
:scroll-bar-length length
:dialog-item-action
#'redisplay-after-vertical-scroll)))))
(set-vertical-scroll-bounds scroll window))
(defun make-scroll-controls (window)
(unless (ask window (dialog-items))
(make-horizontal-scroll window)
(make-vertical-scroll window)))
| 16,389 | Common Lisp | .cl | 349 | 36.747851 | 112 | 0.559149 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | e98e0d806eb2616303ad39f26cd2a92de397b82ccf9486c58c7ccc9cd4acfa7b | 32,761 | [
-1
] |
32,762 | browser-pcl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/analysis-map/Misc/browser-obs/browser-pcl.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; browser-pcl.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1988-1991 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; G. Desvignes 1988,1989
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;;;
;;;
;;; pcl corrections or complements
;;;
;;; export get-method which is defined in CLOS
;;; specifications define an easy to use function to delete
;;; methods
;;; export class object
;;; define readers for slots subclasses and name of a class
;;;
(use-package 'pcl )
(in-package 'pcl)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(get-class-precedence-list
get-method
get-object-name
inspect-object
inspect
methodp
name
; object
object-sub-classes
object-p
rm)))
;;;
;;; function definition
;;;
(defun rm (method class)
"This is an easy to use function to remove a method ~
METHOD defined in a class CLASS from the generic function. ~
METHOD is the method name and CLASS ~
is the class name where it is defined."
(let ((class-object (find-class class))
(method-object (symbol-function method))
result)
(dolist (x (slot-value method-object 'methods))
(if (and x (eq (first (slot-value x 'type-specifiers))
class-object))
(return (setf result x))))
(remove-method method-object result)))
| 1,751 | Common Lisp | .cl | 54 | 26.481481 | 91 | 0.505692 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 584533a29cc57d6b980982480b68632d44ba871af72de9be0a9fe7ae129369e2 | 32,762 | [
-1
] |
32,763 | compile-browser-ccl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/analysis-map/Misc/browser-obs/compile-browser-ccl.lsp | ;;;
;;; Compiler for Browser : To compile the code, just load compile-browser
;;;
(let ((old-path-name *default-pathname-defaults*))
(setf *default-pathname-defaults*
*z-directory*)
(load 'records.fasl)
(load 'Traps.fasl)
(load 'graph-var.mac)
(compile-file 'graph-var.mac)
(load 'graph-spec.mac)
(compile-file 'graph-spec.mac)
(load 'scroll.mac)
(compile-file 'scroll.mac)
(load 'graph.lisp)
(compile-file 'graph.lisp)
(load 'Z-window.lisp)
(compile-file 'Z-window.lisp)
(load 'browser-pcl.lisp)
(compile-file 'browser-pcl.lisp)
(load 'browser-spec.mac)
(compile-file 'browser-spec.mac)
(load 'browser.lisp)
(compile-file 'browser.lisp)
(load 'menu.mac)
(compile-file 'menu.mac)
(setf *default-pathname-defaults* old-path-name)) | 845 | Common Lisp | .cl | 27 | 26.074074 | 74 | 0.653846 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | b464728ea8c44f3f8bb9f3463ccc0d32767b7ce800c674201c6c7cc600d1ebc7 | 32,763 | [
-1
] |
32,764 | load-browser-ccl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/analysis-map/Misc/old-setup-files/load-browser-ccl.lsp | ;;;
;;; Loader for the Browser
;;;
(let ((old-path-name *default-pathname-defaults*))
(setf *default-pathname-defaults* *Z-directory*)
(load 'records)
(load 'traps)
(load 'graph-var)
(load 'graph-spec)
(load 'scroll)
(load 'graph)
(load 'Z-window)
(load 'browser-pcl)
(load 'browser-spec)
(load 'browser)
(load 'menu)
(setf *default-pathname-defaults* old-path-name)) | 430 | Common Lisp | .cl | 17 | 20.647059 | 52 | 0.625616 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 1e5d09e9a40dce985287f6b017bb96d36acade4ab83a7c7a212c57274c4df3eb | 32,764 | [
-1
] |
32,765 | wb-records-ccl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/analysis-map/Misc/WB-mods-&-+s/wb-records-ccl.lsp | (in-package :window-basics)
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; A useful function for interacting with mac :rect records
;;;
;;;
(defun make-rect (top left bottom right)
"Makes a Mac CL :rect record."
(let (rect)
(setf rect (make-record :rect))
(set-record-field rect :rect ':topleft (make-point left top))
(set-record-field rect :rect ':bottomright (make-point right bottom))
rect))
| 472 | Common Lisp | .cl | 13 | 32.153846 | 75 | 0.551648 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 11517125a6b1eb6b90cc4486e19e1f11e4ab8e5045aed92faad8003992101499 | 32,765 | [
-1
] |
32,766 | wb-scroll-misc-ccl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/analysis-map/Misc/WB-mods-&-+s/wb-scroll-misc-ccl.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; wb-scroll-misc-mcl.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1988-1991 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; G. Desvignes 1988,1989
;;; R.W. Oldford 1988,1989,1990,1991
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;;;
(in-package :window-basics)
(defun get-clipping-region (window)
"Returns the content region of the window."
(quail-print "In get-clipping-region (window).")
(with-dereferenced-handles ((rgn (rref (ask window wptr) window.contRgn)))
(rlet ((rect :rect))
(copy-record (rref rgn region.rgnBBox :storage :pointer)
:rect
rect)
(make-region (get-window-x-offset window)
(get-window-y-offset window)
(- (rref rect rect.right)
(rref rect rect.left))
(- (rref rect rect.bottom)
(rref rect rect.top)))))
(quail-print "Exitting get-clipping-region (window)."))
(defun print-without-length-check (text window)
"Prints the text on window without checking the length of data."
(with-port (ask window wptr)
(with-pstrs ((ptr text))
(_DrawString :ptr ptr))))
(defun get-window-region (window)
"Window content region in screen coordinates."
(quail-print "In get-window-region (window).")
(when (ask window (boundp 'wptr))
(with-dereferenced-handles ((rgn (rref (ask window wptr) window.contRgn)))
(rlet ((rect :rect))
(copy-record (rref rgn region.rgnBBox :storage :pointer)
:rect
rect)
(make-region (rref rect rect.left)
(rref rect rect.top)
(- (rref rect rect.right)
(rref rect rect.left))
(- (rref rect rect.bottom)
(rref rect rect.top)))))))
#|
(defobfun (set-window-position *canvas*) (h &optional v)
;; moving a window
;; move the window
(usual-set-window-position h v)
#|
;; get new position coords
(unless v
(setq v (point-v h))
(setq h (point-h h)))
;; save the new position in the browser object
(let ((browser (get-window-browser (self))))
(when browser
(setf (slot-value browser 'left) h)
(setf (slot-value browser 'bottom) v)))
|#) |#
| 2,641 | Common Lisp | .cl | 69 | 30.217391 | 86 | 0.510236 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 402229d175d9da23f21581e5d3326b2bcec5bb7d3c4b246b183fe55f6a32013c | 32,766 | [
-1
] |
32,767 | moving-cloud-mixin.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/views/d-views/moving-cloud-mixin.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; moving-cloud-mixin.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is part of the Views system, a toolkit for interactive statistical graphics.
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; C.B. Hurley 1988-1992 George Washington University
;;; R.W. Oldford 1988-1992
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :views)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '( moving-dview-mixin moving-cloud-mixin
viewport-locns-of set-viewport-locns
scaled-coords-of compute-plot-coords common-coords-scale
compute-scaled-coords )))
(defclass moving-dview-mixin ()
( (coords-scale-method
:initarg :coords-scale-method
:initform #'default-coords-scale
:accessor coords-scale-method-of)
(scaled-coords-cache
:initform nil
:accessor scaled-coords-cache-of)
(plot-coords
:initform nil
:accessor plot-coords-cache-of)
(moving?
:initform nil
:accessor moving-p))
)
(defclass moving-cloud-mixin (moving-dview-mixin 3d-one-per-case)
((draw-rate :initform *default-draw-rate*
:initarg :draw-rate
:accessor draw-rate-of) )
(:default-initargs :size *default-point-size* :color *default-point-color*
:case-view 'point-symbol))
(defgeneric compute-scaled-coords (moving-dview-mixin &key cases )
(:documentation "computes and returns standardized coords of cases"))
(defgeneric scaled-coords-of (moving-dview-mixin &key cases)
(:documentation "returns standardized coords of cases"))
(defgeneric compute-plot-coords (moving-dview-mixin )
(:documentation "computes and returns plot coords "))
(defgeneric centered-viewport-coords-of (moving-dview-mixin
viewport)
(:documentation "returns coords for the cases scaled to the viewport, ~
but centered at 0,0 ."))
(defgeneric move-points (moving-dview-mixin &key viewport &allow-other-keys)
(:documentation "moves the coordinates in viewport"))
;;------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(defgeneric viewport-locns-of (cloud viewport)
(:documentation "returns a list containing the locations of subviews in viewport coords"))
(defgeneric set-viewport-locns (cloud &key viewport coords)
(:documentation "sets subview viewport locations to coords"))
;;------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(defun default-coords-scale ( coords status)
"standardizes coords to have zero mean and common variance"
(let* (
(n (loop for s in status count (active-status-p s)))
(index (loop for i from 0 below (length (car coords)) collect i)))
(flet ((mean(i)
(/ (loop for dj in coords
for s in status
for dij = (elt dj i)
when (active-status-p s)
sum dij ) n))
(sd (i m)
(sqrt (/ (loop for dj in coords
for s in status
for dij = (elt dj i)
when (active-status-p s)
sum (expt (- dij m) 2))
n))))
(cond ( (> n 1)
(loop with means = (mapcar #'mean index)
with sds = (mapcar #'sd index means)
for d in coords
for s in status
collect
(unless (invalid-status-p s)
(loop for di in d
for m in means
for sd in sds
collect
(round (* most-positive-fixnum
(/ (- di m) (* 3 sd))))))))
((= n 1) (list (list 0 0 0)))
(t nil)))))
(defun common-coords-scale ( coords status)
"standardizes coords to have zero mean and common variance, using the ~
same scale factor in all directions. "
(let* (
(n (loop for s in status count (active-status-p s)))
(index (loop for i from 0 below (length (car coords)) collect i)))
(flet ((mean(i)
(/ (loop for dj in coords
for s in status
for dij = (elt dj i)
when (active-status-p s)
sum dij ) n))
(sd (i m)
(sqrt (/ (loop for dj in coords
for s in status
for dij = (elt dj i)
when (active-status-p s)
sum (expt (- dij m) 2))
n))))
(cond ((> n 1)
(loop with means = (mapcar #'mean index)
with sd = (reduce #'max (mapcar #'sd index means))
for d in coords
for s in status
collect
(unless (invalid-status-p s)
(loop for di in d
for m in means
collect
(round (* most-positive-fixnum
(/ (- di m) (* 3 sd))))))))
((= n 1) (list (list 0 0 0)))
(t nil)))))
(defmethod compute-scaled-coords ((self moving-dview-mixin)
&key (cases (cases-of self)))
(let* ((coords (coords-of self :cases cases))
(status
(if (eq cases (cases-of self))
(case-status-of self)
(loop for c in cases collect (select-case-status self c))))
(scale-method (coords-scale-method-of self)))
(if scale-method
(funcall scale-method coords status)
coords)))
(defmethod scaled-coords-of ((self moving-dview-mixin)
&key (cases (cases-of self)))
(if (eq cases (cases-of self))
(or (scaled-coords-cache-of self)
(setf (scaled-coords-cache-of self)
(compute-scaled-coords self :cases cases)))
(compute-scaled-coords self :cases cases)))
(defmethod compute-plot-coords ((self moving-dview-mixin) )
;; computes the plot coords of self
(coords-of self))
(defmethod plot-coords-of ((self moving-dview-mixin)
&key (cases (cases-of self)))
(let ((coords (plot-coords-cache-of self)))
(unless coords
(setq coords (compute-plot-coords self))
(setf (plot-coords-cache-of self) coords))
(if (eq cases (cases-of self))
coords
(loop with viewed-object = (cases-of self)
for c in cases
for p = (position c viewed-object)
collect (if p (nth p coords))))))
(defmethod centered-viewport-coords-of ((self moving-dview-mixin)
viewport)
(scale-data-for-viewport self
(plot-coords-of self)
viewport))
(defmethod subview-styles ((self moving-cloud-mixin) style &optional default)
(loop for sv in (subviews-of self)
collect (draw-style (drawing-style-of sv) style :default default)))
(defmethod draw-view :around ((self moving-dview-mixin)
&key viewport)
;; necessary because window system may cause extra draws!
(declare (ignore viewport))
(unless (moving-p self) (call-next-method)))
(defmethod new-variable :before ((self moving-dview-mixin) &key )
(setf (scaled-coords-cache-of self) nil)
(setf (plot-coords-cache-of self) nil)
)
(defmethod new-case-status :before ((self moving-dview-mixin)
cases status &key rescale?)
(declare (ignore cases status))
(when rescale?
(setf (scaled-coords-cache-of self) nil)
(setf (plot-coords-cache-of self) nil)
))
;;------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(defmethod new-case-status :after ((self moving-cloud-mixin)
cases status &key rescale?)
(declare (ignore cases status))
(when rescale?
(init-position-subviews self)))
(defmethod viewport-locns-of ((self moving-cloud-mixin) viewport)
(setq viewport (or viewport (car (viewports-of self))))
(loop with c
for sv in (subviews-of self)
for s in (case-status-of self)
collect (when (active-status-p s)
(setq c (centre-of (select-viewport sv viewport)))
(list (2d-position-x c) (2d-position-y c)))))
(defmethod set-viewport-locns ((self moving-cloud-mixin) &key viewport coords)
(if (and viewport coords)
(loop for sv in (subviews-of self)
for vp-sv = (select-viewport sv viewport)
for (x y) in coords
do
(set-square-viewport-center vp-sv x y))
(compute-sub-viewports self viewport)))
(defmethod adjust-subviews ((self moving-cloud-mixin)
&optional (new-coords (plot-coords-of self) ))
(loop for (x y ) in new-coords
for l in (sub-view-locns-of self)
for s in (case-status-of self)
unless (invalid-status-p s)
do
(set-square-region-center l x y)))
(defmethod smallest-bounding-region ((self moving-cloud-mixin) )
(let ((br (make-region)))
(if (cases-of self)
(loop for c in (scaled-coords-of self )
for s in (case-status-of self)
when (active-status-p s)
maximize (loop for ci in c
maximize (abs ci) )
into radius
finally
(if (zerop radius) (incf radius 1))
(setf (bounds-of br)
(list (- radius) radius
(- radius) radius))))
br))
(defmethod scale-data-for-viewport ((self moving-cloud-mixin) data viewport)
"scales data so that when rotated and shifted, points in bounding region will fit in a window~
with minimum dimension SIZE ~
Data should already be centered at 0"
(let* ((region (get-map-portion self viewport))
(ndims (ndims self))
(size (min (width-of region) (height-of region)))
(d (/ size (radius-of (bounding-region-of self)) 2)))
(loop for di in data collect
(if di
(loop for dij in di collect (round (* dij d)))
(make-list ndims :initial-element 0)))))
| 11,133 | Common Lisp | .cl | 244 | 33.311475 | 104 | 0.523184 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 7733583990549914b23bfd3a4083bd99b72666949edb1212980b7971d5b50f33 | 32,767 | [
-1
] |
32,768 | point-cloud.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/views/d-views/point-cloud.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; point-cloud.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is part of the Views system, a toolkit for interactive statistical graphics.
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; C.B. Hurley 1988-1991 George Washington University
;;; R.W. Oldford 1988-1991
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :views)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(3d-one-per-case 2d-one-per-case 1d-one-per-case
2d-point-cloud 1d-point-cloud set-lines-to) ))
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(defun choose-simple-view-from-menu(&key (prompt-string "Select a simple view class"))
"Gives the user a list of simple view classes to choose from. "
(caar (wb:prompt-for-items *simple-view-menu-list* :prompt-text prompt-string
:item-function #'first)))
(defclass 3d-one-per-case (one-per-case-mixin 3d-view compound-view)
()
(:default-initargs :case-view (choose-simple-view-from-menu)))
(defclass 2d-one-per-case (edge-lines-mixin one-per-case-mixin 2d-view compound-view)
()
(:default-initargs :case-view (choose-simple-view-from-menu)))
(defclass 1d-one-per-case (edge-lines-mixin one-per-case-mixin 1d-view compound-view)
()
(:default-initargs :case-view (choose-simple-view-from-menu)))
(defclass 2d-point-cloud ( 2d-one-per-case)
()
(:default-initargs :case-view 'point-symbol))
(defclass 1d-point-cloud (1d-one-per-case)
()
(:default-initargs :case-view 'point-symbol))
(defclass edge-lines-mixin()
( (lines-to :initarg :lines-to :initform nil :accessor lines-to)
(middle-menu :allocation :class :initform nil)
(style-keys :initform '(:size :fill? :font :color
:ecolor :edashing :ewidth ) :allocation :class))
(:default-initargs :ecolor wb:*light-grey-color* :ewidth 1 :edashing '(3 . 1)))
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(defmethod legal-lines-to ((self edge-lines-mixin))
(list :none :left-right :top-bottom :left :right :top :bottom :x :y :prompt))
(defmethod set-lines-to ((self edge-lines-mixin) dir &key &allow-other-keys)
(erase-view self)
(if (eql dir :none) (setq dir nil))
(if (eql dir :prompt) (setq dir
(choose-variable nil 1 "Choose variable"
(loop with vars = (menu-variates-of self)
for v in vars
for vn in (variate-names vars)
collect (list v vn)))))
(setf (lines-to self) dir)
(draw-view self))
(defmethod style-menu-items ((self edge-lines-mixin))
(declare (special *color-menu-list* *shade-menu-list*))
`(( "Edge lines" nil "" :sub-items
,(append
`(("Draw" nil "" :sub-items ,(loop for dir in (legal-lines-to self)
collect `(,(string dir) (set-lines-to ,dir))))
("Edge line Color" nil "" :sub-items
,(loop for c in
(if (wb:color-device-p)
*color-menu-list*
*shade-menu-list*)
collect
(list (car c) `(set-drawing-style :ecolor ,(cadr c)))))
("Edge line Width" nil "" :sub-items
(("fatter" (set-drawing-style :ewidth :fatter))
("thinner" (set-drawing-style :ewidth :thinner))
("prompt" (set-drawing-style :ewidth :prompt))))
)
))))
(defmethod update-menu-items :after ((self edge-lines-mixin)
(slot-name (eql 'middle-menu)))
(let* ((m (slot-value self slot-name)))
(wb:check-menu-item m "Edge lines" (lines-to self))
(if (lines-to self)
(progn (wb:enable-menu-item m "Edge line Color")
(wb:enable-menu-item m "Edge line Width"))
(progn (wb:disable-menu-item m "Edge line Color")
(wb:disable-menu-item m "Edge line Width")))
))
(defmethod adjusted-bounding-region ((self one-per-case-mixin) )
(let* ((br (copy-region (smallest-bounding-region self))))
(scale-sides-by br 1.1 1.1)))
(defmethod bounds-of-selected ((self 1d-one-per-case))
(let ((selected-vos (mapcar #'viewed-object-of
(some-subviews self :highlit? t) )))
(if selected-vos
(loop for vo in selected-vos
for x in (plot-coords-of self :cases selected-vos)
when (eq (select-case-status self vo) t)
minimize x into x-min maximize x into x-max
finally (if (= x-min x-max)
(incf x-max 0.01))
(return (if (eq (orientation-of self) :horizontal)
(make-region x-min x-max 0 1)
(make-region 0 1 x-min x-max))))
)))
(defmethod new-bounds ((self 1d-one-per-case) &key (region :compute) pretty?)
(unless (region-p region)
(setq region
(case region
(:prompt
(apply #'make-region
(wb:prompt-user :result-type 'list :read-type :read
:prompt-string "(min max)")))
(:original (original-bounds self :draw? t) nil)
(:compute (bounds-of-selected self))
(t NIL))))
(if (region-p region)
(if (eq (orientation-of self) :horizontal)
(change-bounding-region self region :pretty? pretty? :ignore-y? t)
(change-bounding-region self region :pretty? pretty? :ignore-x? t))))
(defmethod construct-sub-views :after ((self 1d-one-per-case) &rest initargs)
(declare (ignore initargs))
(loop with o = (if (eq (orientation-of self) :horizontal)
:vertical
:horizontal)
for s in (subviews-of self)
when (typep s 'orientation-mixin)
do (set-orientation s o)))
(defmethod init-position-subviews ((self 1d-one-per-case) &key )
(let* ((br (subview-position-region self))
;;(br-centre (centre-of br))
;; (x0 (2d-position-x br-centre))
;; (y0 (2d-position-y br-centre))
(wid/2 (/ (width-of br) 20))
(ht/2 (/ (height-of br) 20))
(coords (plot-coords-of self))
(status (case-status-of self))
)
(setf (sub-view-locns-of self)
(if (eq (orientation-of self) :horizontal)
(loop
for x in coords
for s in status
for region = (cond ((invalid-status-p s)
(make-region))
(t
(make-region (- x wid/2) (+ x wid/2)
(bottom-of br) (top-of br)))
)
collect region)
(loop
for y in coords
for s in status
for region = (cond ((invalid-status-p s)
(make-region))
(t
(make-region (left-of br) (right-of br)
(- y ht/2) (+ y ht/2)))
)
collect region)))))
(defmethod compute-sub-viewports ((self 1d-one-per-case)
&optional viewport subviews)
(let ((viewports (if viewport (list viewport) (viewports-of self)))
(maps (if viewport (list (select-map-to-viewport self viewport))
(maps-to-viewports-of self)))
(dir (orientation-of self))
(subview-locns
(if subviews
(loop for s in subviews collect
(select-sub-view-locn self s))
(sub-view-locns-of self)))
(status
(if subviews
(loop for s in subviews collect (select-subview-status self s))
(case-status-of self)))
sv-vp)
(setq subviews (or subviews (subviews-of self)))
(loop with left and right and bottom and top
for sv in subviews
for svl in subview-locns
for s in status
for sv-rad = (if (typep sv 'view-with-size)
(view-size-of sv) 5)
do
(loop with lab-r
for vp in viewports for map in maps
for xy = (apply-transform map (centre-of svl))
for x = (2d-position-x xy)
for y = (2d-position-y xy)
for vp-win = (window-of vp)
do
(setq left (left-of vp)
right (right-of vp)
bottom (bottom-of vp)
top (top-of vp))
(cond ((and (typep sv 'label) (eq dir :horizontal))
(setq lab-r (or lab-r
(max 8 (/ (width-of vp) (length subviews)))))
(setq left (truncate (- x (/ lab-r 2))))
(setq right (ceiling (+ left lab-r))))
((typep sv 'label)
(setq lab-r (or lab-r
(max 8 (/ (height-of vp) (length subviews)))))
(setq bottom (truncate (- y (/ lab-r 2))))
(setq top (ceiling (+ bottom lab-r))))
((and (typep sv 'oriented-line) (eq dir :horizontal))
(setq left (- x sv-rad) right (+ x sv-rad))
)
((typep sv 'oriented-line)
(setq bottom (- y sv-rad) top (+ y sv-rad)))
(t
(setq left (- x sv-rad)
right (+ x sv-rad)
bottom (- y sv-rad)
top (+ y sv-rad))))
(setq sv-vp (make-viewport vp-win left right bottom top))
(unless (active-status-p s) (deactivate-viewport sv-vp))
(add-viewport sv sv-vp vp)))))
#|
There are small problems with the following.
In fast-graphics, colors get changed w/o changing the pen,
so wb:with-pen-values-restored does not work as expected.
Also all nil colors should be replaced by default canvas color.
(defmethod point-styles ((self point-cloud) subs style &optional default)
(loop for sv in subs
collect (draw-style (drawing-style-of sv) style :default default)))
(defmethod draw-view ((self point-cloud) &key viewport highlit?)
(let* ((subs (some-subviews self :highlit? highlit?))
(fill? (point-styles self subs :fill?))
(colors (point-styles self subs :color))
(symbols (point-styles self subs :symbol))
(invisible? (point-styles self subs :invisible?))
(sizes (point-styles self subs :size)))
(loop for vp in (enlist-viewport self viewport)
for points = (loop for sv in subs
for sv-c = (centre-of (select-viewport sv vp))
collect (list (2d-position-x sv-c) (2d-position-y sv-c)))
do
(wb:with-pen-values-restored (window-of vp)
(wb::canvas-draw-symbols (window-of vp) points
:size sizes :symbol symbols :invisible? invisible?
:color colors :fill? fill?)
(wb::set-pen-color (window-of vp) (car (last colors)))
))))
|#
(defmethod draw-view :before ((self edge-lines-mixin) &key viewport highlit?)
(when (lines-to self)
(draw-edge-lines self :viewport viewport :highlit? highlit?)))
(defmethod erase-view :before ((self edge-lines-mixin) &key viewport highlit?)
(when (lines-to self)
(draw-edge-lines self :viewport viewport :highlit? highlit? :operation :boole-andc1)))
(defmethod draw-edge-lines ((self edge-lines-mixin) &key viewport highlit? (operation :default))
(let* ((lt (lines-to self))
(subs (some-subviews self :highlit? highlit?))
(status (if (eq subs (subviews-of self))
(case-status-of self)
(loop for s in subs collect (select-subview-status self s))))
(col (draw-style self :ecolor))
(wid (draw-style self :ewidth))
(dash (draw-style self :edashing))
xy
win xmin xmax ymin ymax )
(with-exposed-viewports self viewport vp
(setq win (window-of vp))
(multiple-value-setq (xmin xmax ymin ymax) (bounds-of vp))
(setq xy
(loop for sv in subs
for s in status
for sv-vp = (select-viewport sv vp)
for xy = (centre-of sv-vp)
when (active-status-p s)
collect (list (2d-position-x xy) (2d-position-y xy))))
(wb:with-pen-values win col wid operation
(case lt
(:left
(loop for (x y) in xy do
(canvas-draw-dashed-line win xmin y x y dash)))
(:right (loop for (x y) in xy do
(canvas-draw-dashed-line win xmax y x y dash )))
(:bottom (loop for (x y) in xy do
(canvas-draw-dashed-line win x ymin x y dash )))
(:top (loop for (x y) in xy do
(canvas-draw-dashed-line win x ymax x y dash)))
(:left-right (loop for (x y) in xy do
(canvas-draw-dashed-line win xmax y xmin y dash)))
(:top-bottom (loop for (x y) in xy do
(canvas-draw-dashed-line win x ymax x ymin dash)))
(:x (loop with sortxy = (sort xy #'< :key #'first)
for (x1 y1) in sortxy by #'cdr
for (x2 y2) in (cdr sortxy) by #'cdr do
(canvas-draw-dashed-line win x1 y1 x2 y2 dash)))
(:y (loop with sortxy = (sort xy #'< :key #'second)
for (x1 y1) in sortxy by #'cdr
for (x2 y2) in (cdr sortxy) by #'cdr do
(canvas-draw-dashed-line win x1 y1 x2 y2 dash)))
(t
(let ((vals (loop with f = (case-access-fn self lt)
for v in (cases-of self)
for s in status
when (active-status-p s)
collect (funcall f v))))
(when (every #'numberp vals)
(setq vals (mapcar #'cons vals xy))
(loop with sortv = (sort vals #'< :key #'first)
for (v1 x1 y1) in sortv by #'cdr
for (v2 x2 y2) in (cdr sortv) by #'cdr do
;;(declare (ignore v1 v2))
(canvas-draw-dashed-line win x1 y1 x2 y2 dash))
))
))))))
(defun canvas-draw-dashed-line(canvas x1 y1 x2 y2 dash)
(if dash
(let ((dash-len (first dash))
(dash-gap (+ 1 (cdr dash))))
(cond ((= y1 y2)
(loop for x from (min x1 x2) to (- (max x1 x2) dash-len) by (+ dash-len dash-gap)
do
(wb:canvas-draw-line canvas x y1 (+ x dash-len) y1 )))
((= x1 x2)
(loop for y from (min y1 y2) to (- (max y1 y2) dash-len) by (+ dash-len dash-gap)
do
(wb:canvas-draw-line canvas x1 y x1 (+ y dash-len))))
(t (let* ((d (sqrt (+ (* (- x2 x1) (- x2 x1)) (* (- y2 y1) (- y2 y1)))))
(c (/ (- x2 x1) d))
(s (/ (- y2 y1) d))
(lx (* c dash-len)) (ly (* s dash-len))
(gx (* c dash-gap)) (gy (* s dash-gap)))
(loop with x0 = x1 and y0 = y1
for i upfrom 1
for x = (truncate (+ x1 (* i lx) (* (- i 1) gx) ))
for y = (truncate (+ y1 (* i ly) (* (- i 1) gy)))
while (and (or (<= x1 x x2) (<= x2 x x1))
(or (<= y1 y y2) (<= y2 y y1))) do
(wb:canvas-draw-line canvas x0 y0 x y)
(setq y0 (truncate (+ y1 (* i ly) (* i gy) )) )
(setq x0 (truncate (+ x1 (* i lx) (* i gx) )) ))))))
(wb:canvas-draw-line canvas x1 y1 x2 y2 )))
(defmethod new-style-value ((style-name (eql :ewidth)) new pair)
(if (numberp new)
new
(case new
(:fatter (1+ (cdr pair)))
(:thinner (1- (cdr pair)))
(:prompt (wb:prompt-user :result-type 'number
:read-type :eval
:prompt-string
(format nil "Change size from ~A" (cdr pair))))
(t (cdr pair)))))
(defmethod new-style-value ((style-name (eql :ecolor)) new pair)
(declare (ignore pair))
(if (eq new :prompt)
(wb:prompt-user-for-color)
new))
| 18,389 | Common Lisp | .cl | 357 | 34.817927 | 115 | 0.47779 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 9d26530137136c290bf255569d5742502e5df4afaf7bc719fc26d313540de88d | 32,768 | [
-1
] |
32,769 | class-info-mcl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/views/utilities/class-info-mcl.lsp |
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; class-info-mcl.lisp
;;;
;;; Catherine Hurley 1992
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :views)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(view-classes-with-spec list-view-classes)))
(defun class-precedence-list(class-name)
(let ((class (find-class class-name nil)))
(if class (mapcar #'class-name
(qk:precedence-list class))))))
(defun list-view-classes (&optional (class-name 'view-mixin))
"Returns a list of all view classes with class-name on the class precedence list.~
class-name defaults to 'view-mixin."
(let ((base-class (find-class class-name nil ))
class-names a-class)
(if base-class
(do-symbols (sym ( find-package 'views) )
(unless (eq sym class-name)
(setq a-class (find-class sym nil))
(if (and a-class
(member base-class
(qk:precedence-list a-class)))
(setq class-names (push sym class-names))))))
class-names))
(defun view-classes-with-spec(class-spec)
(if (and class-spec (listp class-spec))
(let* ((spec-classes (cdr class-spec))
(spec-op (car class-spec))
(base-class-objs (mapcar #'find-class spec-classes))
class-names a-class-obj)
(flet ((test (b)
(if (eq spec-op 'and)
(subsetp base-class-objs b)
(intersection base-class-objs b))))
(do-symbols (sym (find-package 'views) )
(unless (member sym spec-classes)
(setq a-class-obj (find-class sym nil))
(if (and a-class-obj
(test (slot-value a-class-obj 'ccl::precedence-list)))
(setq class-names (push sym class-names)))))
class-names))
(list-view-classes class-spec)))
| 2,118 | Common Lisp | .cl | 47 | 34.765957 | 109 | 0.509911 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 1962773372914a8a206c5250f336ccbb728b599be8af820c2c0b91265ed180f1 | 32,769 | [
-1
] |
32,770 | ffenv-std-mcl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/initialization/ffenv-std-mcl.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; ffenv-std-mcl.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1990 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; Greg Anglin 1992.
;;;
;;;
;;;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :quail-kernel)
;;; This calls the function which transforms the standard quail foreign
;;; environments to use the customized libraries which have been built
;;; for them.
;;; If the flag mk::*rebuild-standard-foreign-environment-libraries*
;;; is non-nil, an MPW file called
;;; Quail:Foreign:ffenv-libs:standard-quail-ffenvs.make
;;; is created which, when its contents are evaluated in MPW, builds
;;; the customized libraries. This is unnecessary unless changes have
;;; been made to a standard quail foreign environment.
;;; [ WARNING: despite its name, the aforementioned file is not quite a
;;; make file in the MPW sense. To use it, one must open it in MPW
;;; and execute its contents. ]
#+:ccl
(standardize-foreign-environments)
#-:ccl
(warn "ffenv-standardize.lisp (Initialization) needs to be ported to this ~
implementation")
| 1,416 | Common Lisp | .cl | 33 | 39.30303 | 84 | 0.539694 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | fd55b669a3e904076a4e552bdc4067c54cbb4cab093ff68fb448eb1d7afb323f | 32,770 | [
-1
] |
32,771 | ffenv-std-excl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/initialization/ffenv-std-excl.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; ffenv-std-excl.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1990 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; Greg Anglin 1992.
;;;
;;;
;;;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :quail-kernel)
;;; This calls the function which transforms the standard quail foreign
;;; environments to use the customized libraries which have been built
;;; for them.
;;; If the flag mk::*rebuild-standard-foreign-environment-libraries*
;;; is non-nil, an MPW file called
;;; Quail:Foreign:ffenv-libs:standard-quail-ffenvs.make
;;; is created which, when its contents are evaluated in MPW, builds
;;; the customized libraries. This is unnecessary unless changes have
;;; been made to a standard quail foreign environment.
;;; [ WARNING: despite its name, the aforementioned file is not quite a
;;; make file in the MPW sense. To use it, one must open it in MPW
;;; and execute its contents. ]
#|
(warn "ffenv-std-excl.lisp (Initialization) needs to be ported to this ~
implementation")
|#
| 1,368 | Common Lisp | .cl | 32 | 39.15625 | 85 | 0.528614 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 167bd1a48a1691e644dd20ad2ee23e4bff776b1d74db4c9e5bd161f26aa4c2cf | 32,771 | [
-1
] |
32,772 | restore-mcl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/initialization/restore-mcl.lsp | (in-package :qk)
;; This file is part of the Initialization system for find-quail functionality in aclpc
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute)
(export '(
;; reset-mcl-root reset-mpw-root
))
)
#|
(defun reset-mcl-root (new-root)
(if (not new-root)
(setf new-root (logical-pathname "Home:**;*.*")))
(mk::reset-logical-pathname-root "ccl" new-root)
(if (not (probe-file
ccl::*records-index-file*))
(flet ((path-mac-internals ()
(mk::append-directories
(mk::path-foreign)
"Macintosh internals;")))
;; Indexes for Macintosh internals
(setf ccl::*mactypes-index-file* (merge-pathnames (path-mac-internals) "mactypes.idx"))
(setf ccl::*constants-index-file* (merge-pathnames (path-mac-internals) "constants.idx"))
(setf ccl::*records-index-file* (merge-pathnames (path-mac-internals) "records.idx"))
(setf ccl::*traps-index-file* (merge-pathnames (path-mac-internals) "traps.idx"))
)))
(defun reset-mpw-root (new-root)
(if (not new-root)
(setf new-root (logical-pathname "Home:MPW3.2;MPW;**;*.*")))
(mk::reset-logical-pathname-root "mpw" new-root))
|#
(defun find-quail ()
"A dummy for now. in restore-pc there is a real job to do"
NIL)
| 1,354 | Common Lisp | .cl | 32 | 34.90625 | 96 | 0.625966 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | c03f981894a39f3f877658444fb2dc2a4004efff3d82fee800b90aa31f7fee32 | 32,772 | [
-1
] |
32,773 | quail-menubar-clx.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/top-level/quail-menubar-clx.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; quail-menubar-clx.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1993 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; N.G. Bennett 1993.
;;;
;;;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :quail)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(add-menu-in-quail-menubar
remove-menu-from-quail-menubar
install-quail-menubar
*quail-menubar*)))
(defvar *quail-menubar*
NIL
"The default menubar put up for the Quail system.")
(defun add-menu-in-quail-menubar (menu)
"Adds the menu to Quail's menubar. ~
(:see-also install-quail-menubar remove-menu-from-quail-menubar)"
(declare (special *quail-menubar*))
(unless *quail-menubar* (install-quail-menubar))
;; Change menu to :pop-up. This ensures that it constructs
;; a vertical menu.
(setf (wb::menu-type menu) :pop-up)
(unless (member menu (wb::sub-menus-of *quail-menubar*))
(setf (wb::sub-menus-of *quail-menubar*)
(append (wb::sub-menus-of *quail-menubar*)
(list menu))))
(xlib::reparent-window
(wb::window-of menu)
(wb::window-of *quail-menubar*)
0
(xlib::drawable-width (wb::window-of *quail-menubar*)))
(wb::menu-compute-geometry *quail-menubar*)
(xlib::unmap-window (wb::window-of *quail-menubar*))
(xlib::map-window (wb::window-of *quail-menubar*))
*quail-menubar*)
(defun remove-menu-from-quail-menubar (menu)
"Removes the menu from Quail's menubar. ~
(:see-also install-quail-menubar add-menu-in-quail-menubar)"
(declare (special *quail-menubar*))
(setf (wb::sub-menus-of *quail-menubar*)
(remove menu (wb::sub-menus-of *quail-menubar*)))
(wb::menu-compute-geometry *quail-menubar*)
(xlib::unmap-window (wb::window-of *quail-menubar*))
(xlib::map-window (wb::window-of *quail-menubar*))
*quail-menubar*)
(defun install-default-quail-menubar ()
"Creates and installs the default top level Quail menubar."
(declare (special *quail-menubar*))
(setf *quail-menubar* (quail-menubar))
(install-quail-menubar))
(defun quail-menubar ()
"Creates the default top level Quail menubar. Does not install it. ~
(:see-also install-default-quail-menubar)"
(declare (special *quail-menubar*))
(let ((quail-menu (quail-menu))
(quail-plot-menu (quail-plot-menu))
the-menubar)
;; Change menus to :pop-up. This ensures that it constructs
;; a vertical menu.
(setf (wb::menu-type quail-menu) :pop-up)
(setf (wb::menu-type quail-plot-menu) :pop-up)
(setf the-menubar
(make-instance 'wb::wb-menu
:title ""
:type :title
:font wb::*default-menu-font*
))
(wb::set-menu-fns the-menubar
:selected (wb::when-selected-fn-of quail-menu)
:held (wb::when-held-fn-of quail-menu)
:unheld (wb::when-unheld-fn-of quail-menu)
:sub-item (wb::sub-item-fn-of quail-menu))
(setf (wb::super-menu-of quail-menu) the-menubar)
(setf (wb::super-menu-of quail-plot-menu) the-menubar)
(xlib::reparent-window
(wb::item-window-of quail-menu)
(wb::window-of the-menubar)
0 0)
(xlib::reparent-window
(wb::item-window-of quail-plot-menu)
(wb::window-of the-menubar)
(xlib::drawable-width (wb::item-window-of quail-menu))
0)
;;(setf (wb::sub-menus-alist-of the-menubar)
;; (nconc (wb::sub-menus-alist-of the-menubar)
;; (wb::sub-menus-alist-of quail-menu)))
(push (list (wb::item-window-of the-menubar)
the-menubar)
(wb::sub-menus-alist-of the-menubar))
(setf (wb::sub-menus-of the-menubar)
(list quail-menu quail-plot-menu))
(wb::menu-compute-geometry quail-menu)
(wb::menu-compute-geometry quail-plot-menu)
(wb::menu-compute-geometry the-menubar)
(xlib::unmap-window (wb::item-window-of the-menubar))
the-menubar)
)
#|
(defun install-quail-menubar ()
"Installs the top-level Quail's menubar according to the ~
value of *quail-menubar*."
(declare (special *quail-menubar*))
(if *quail-menubar*
(let* ((window (wb::window-of *quail-menubar*)))
(wb::menu-present *quail-menubar*
(wb::make-position
10
(+ (xlib::drawable-height window) 10)))
)
(install-default-quail-menubar)))
|#
(defun install-quail-menubar ()
"Installs the top-level Quail's menubar for the first time."
(setf *quail-menubar*
(wb::make-canvas
:middle-title-items *quail-plot-menu-items*
:title-middle "Plots"
:left-title-items *quail-menu-items*
:title-left "Quail"
:title-right "Menubar canvas"
:left 30
:bottom (- (wb::screen-height) 100)
:width 200
:height 30
:background-color wb::*gray-color*
:title "Quail Menubar")))
| 5,371 | Common Lisp | .cl | 134 | 32.61194 | 91 | 0.577565 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 854e6606287aff37a3e24a48bb5667fd5e45f34811f9c39beff12dbc884a2edc | 32,773 | [
-1
] |
32,774 | top-level-excl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/top-level/top-level-excl.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; top-level-excl.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1991 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; M.E. Lewis 1991.
;;; R.W. Oldford 1991.
;;;
;;;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :quail)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(*system-top-level-loop-function* install-top-level current-top-level
get-next-form get-function-name setup-system-top-level-loop-variable)))
(defvar *system-top-level-loop-function* NIL
"Variable containing the stack of top-level loop functions.")
(warn "Top level loop for Quail has not yet been ported.")
(defun setup-system-top-level-loop-variable ()
(declare (special *system-top-level-loop-function*))
NIL)
;;;----------
(eval-when (load eval)
(setup-system-top-level-loop-variable))
;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
(defun install-top-level (&optional
(top-level *system-top-level-loop-function*))
"Installs the top-level function, if provided. Default ~
is the one supplied with the system."
(declare (special *system-top-level-loop-function*))
NIL)
(defun current-top-level ()
"Returns the current top-level loop function."
NIL)
(defun get-next-form ()
"Retrieves the next form to be evaluated."
(declare (special *forms-awaiting-evaluation*))
NIL)
(defun get-function-name (function)
NIL)
;;;(defun set-listener-package (&optional (package :cl-user))
;;; NIL)
(defun system-quit-lisp ()
"System dependent function that quits Lisp."
:exit)
| 1,880 | Common Lisp | .cl | 50 | 33.04 | 134 | 0.556604 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 0e5f1074fc52dd04cda5168ce3ac2025902c1f6098307f351c676934286b0ece | 32,774 | [
-1
] |
32,775 | quail-menubar-mcl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/top-level/quail-menubar-mcl.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; quail-menubar-mcl.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1991 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; R.W. Oldford 1991.
;;;
;;;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :quail)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(*quail-menubar* add-menu-in-quail-menubar remove-menu-from-quail-menubar
install-quail-menubar
)))
(defvar *quail-menubar*
NIL
"The default menubar put up for the Quail system.")
(defun add-menu-in-quail-menubar (menu)
"Adds the menu to Quail's menubar. ~
(:see-also install-quail-menubar remove-menu-from-quail-menubar)"
(declare (special *quail-menubar*))
(if *quail-menubar*
(unless (member menu *quail-menubar*)
(setf *quail-menubar*
(append *quail-menubar* (list menu))))
(setf *quail-menubar* (list menu)))
(install-quail-menubar))
(defun remove-menu-from-quail-menubar (menu)
"Removes the menu from Quail's menubar. ~
(:see-also install-quail-menubar add-menu-in-quail-menubar)"
(declare (special *quail-menubar*))
(setf *quail-menubar* (remove menu *quail-menubar*))
(wb::release-menu-space menu)
(if *quail-menubar*
(install-quail-menubar)
(progn
(warn "~&You have just stripped the menubar bare! ~%~
To get the default one back type ~%~
(install-default-quail-menubar)")
(ccl::set-menubar wb::*system-default-menubar*))))
(defvar *quail-system-menus*
NIL
"The system menus peculiar to Quail which are to appear on the menubar ~
at all times")
(defun install-default-quail-menubar ()
"Creates and installs the default top level Quail menubar."
(declare (special *quail-menubar*))
(cond
(*quail-system-menus*
(loop for m in *quail-system-menus*
when (not (member m *quail-menubar*))
do
(setf *quail-menubar*
(append wb::*system-default-menubar*
(list m)))))
(T
(setf *quail-system-menus*
(list (quail-menu)
(quail-plot-menu)))
(setf *quail-menubar*
(remove-duplicates (append wb::*system-default-menubar*
*quail-system-menus*)))
(setf wb::*system-default-menubar*
*quail-menubar*)))
(install-quail-menubar))
(defun install-quail-menubar ()
"Installs the top-level Quail's menubar according to the ~
value of *quail-menubar*."
(declare (special *quail-menubar*))
(if *quail-menubar*
(ccl::set-menubar *quail-menubar*)
(install-default-quail-menubar)))
| 2,988 | Common Lisp | .cl | 76 | 31.894737 | 138 | 0.560797 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | e6376e67c85772d85edcce54b130a514b295922894029f711e474787193e50fe | 32,775 | [
-1
] |
32,776 | init-menubar-clx.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/top-level/init-menubar-clx.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; init-menubar-clx.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1994 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; R.W. Oldford 1994.
;;;
;;;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :quail)
#|
(eval-when (load eval)
(setf *quail-menu* (quail-menu))
(setf *quail-plot-menu* (quail-plot-menu))
(add-menu-in-quail-menubar *quail-menu*)
(add-menu-in-quail-menubar *quail-plot-menu*))
|#
| 731 | Common Lisp | .cl | 22 | 29.227273 | 84 | 0.351773 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 0fcb4d9bb227f5b84a99c89fc8be558e832cc3a4ee6a5495b665657e9eda00e5 | 32,776 | [
-1
] |
32,777 | quail-menubar-clx2.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/top-level/quail-menubar-clx2.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; quail-menubar-clx.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1993 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; N.G. Bennett 1993.
;;;
;;;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :quail)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(add-menu-in-quail-menubar
remove-menu-from-quail-menubar
install-quail-menubar
*quail-menubar*)))
(defvar *quail-menubar*
NIL
"The default menubar put up for the Quail system.")
(defun add-menu-in-quail-menubar (menu)
"Adds the menu to Quail's default menubar."
(declare (special *quail-menubar*))
(unless (member menu (wb::items-of *quail-menubar*))
(setf (wb::items-of *quail-menubar*)
(append (wb::items-of *quail-menubar*)(list menu))))
(xlib::reparent-window (wb::window-of menu)
(wb::window-of *quail-menubar*) 0 0)
(wb::menu-compute-geometry *quail-menubar*)
menu)
(defun remove-menu-from-quail-menubar (menu)
"Removes the menu from Quail's default menubar."
(declare (special *quail-menubar*))
(setf (wb::items-of *quail-menubar*)
(remove menu (wb::items-of *quail-menubar*)))
(wb::menu-compute-geometry *quail-menubar*))
(defun install-quail-menubar ()
"Installs Quail's default menubar."
(declare (special *quail-menubar* *quail-menu*))
(unless *quail-menu* (setf *quail-menu* (quail-menu)))
(unless *quail-menubar* (setf *quail-menubar* *quail-menu*))
(let* ((window (wb::window-of *quail-menubar*))
)
(wb::menu *quail-menubar*
(wb::make-position 10
(- (wb::screen-height)
(xlib::drawable-height window) 10)))
))
| 2,075 | Common Lisp | .cl | 50 | 34.26 | 91 | 0.519183 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 73b63773efbad46457ea81ccb245d6db31dfba657c2966567d58ecee34e3e047 | 32,777 | [
-1
] |
32,778 | editor-excl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/top-level/editor-excl.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; editor-excl.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1991 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; R.W. Oldford 1994.
;;;
;;;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :quail)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(edit-file)))
(defun edit-file (&optional pathname)
"Opens an edit window. If pathname is given, it opens ~
the window to edit the file named by pathname."
(ed pathname))
| 777 | Common Lisp | .cl | 20 | 34.35 | 84 | 0.38255 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | b117404878b6435319617a9838fdfdfd0cc6d74427df651d4da6242679a7f79a | 32,778 | [
-1
] |
32,779 | top-level-mcl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/top-level/top-level-mcl.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; top-level-mcl.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1991 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; M.E. Lewis 1991.
;;; R.W. Oldford 1991.
;;;
;;;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :quail)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(*system-top-level-loop-function* install-top-level current-top-level
get-next-form get-function-name setup-system-top-level-loop-variable)))
(defvar *system-top-level-loop-function* NIL
"Variable containing the stack of top-level loop functions.")
(defun setup-system-top-level-loop-variable ()
(declare (special *system-top-level-loop-function*))
(setf *system-top-level-loop-function* #'ccl:toplevel-loop))
;;;----------
(eval-when (load eval)
(setup-system-top-level-loop-variable))
;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
(defun install-top-level (&optional
(top-level *system-top-level-loop-function*))
"Installs the top-level function, if provided. Default ~
is the one supplied with the system."
(declare (special *system-top-level-loop-function*))
(ccl:%set-toplevel top-level)
(ccl:toplevel))
(defun current-top-level ()
"Returns the current top-level loop function."
(ccl:%set-toplevel))
(defun get-next-form ()
"Retrieves the next form to be evaluated."
(declare (special *forms-awaiting-evaluation*))
(or (ccl:get-next-queued-form)
(pop *forms-awaiting-evaluation*)
(quail-toplevel-reader-function)))
(defun get-function-name (function)
(ccl:function-name function))
;;;(defun set-listener-package (&optional (package :cl-user))
;;; (ccl:eval-enqueue `(in-package ,package)))
(defun system-quit-lisp ()
"System dependent function that quits Lisp."
(ccl:quit))
| 2,113 | Common Lisp | .cl | 52 | 35.884615 | 134 | 0.572553 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | ff1866d2d7578c824bfbb7464b101f18c7e1a8d96fe2b35c2ed66e15011fd564 | 32,779 | [
-1
] |
32,780 | editor-mcl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/top-level/editor-mcl.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; editor-mcl.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1991 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; M.E. Lewis 1991.
;;; R.W. Oldford 1991.
;;;
;;;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :quail)
;;; Just tries to ensure that expressions can be evaluated from a Fred
;;; window when the the top-level Quail loop is running.
(defmethod ccl::ed-eval-or-compile-current-sexp :around ((w ccl::fred-mixin))
(when (quail-running-p)
(ccl::eval-enqueue (ccl::ed-current-sexp w))
(ccl::toplevel)
)
(call-next-method))
| 895 | Common Lisp | .cl | 24 | 32.75 | 84 | 0.407235 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 89170027f4e38696b5fd7fb9bb6bf4535d449a2dd84bd3bed53a6bc030db6119 | 32,780 | [
-1
] |
32,781 | init-menubar-mcl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/top-level/init-menubar-mcl.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; init-menubar-mcl.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1992 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; R.W. Oldford 1992.
;;;
;;;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :quail)
(eval-when (load eval)
(setf *quail-menu* (quail-menu))
(setf *quail-plot-menu* (quail-plot-menu))
(add-menu-in-quail-menubar *quail-menu*)
| 673 | Common Lisp | .cl | 19 | 31.210526 | 84 | 0.329231 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 671dea927afc8d2c1195da663c35684e46dc9f04d90d0972606e3c01eaf3375a | 32,781 | [
-1
] |
32,782 | debug-clx.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/debug-clx.lsp | (in-package :q-user)
(import 'wb::doit)
(defun ps () mp:*all-processes*)
(defun undoit (&optional (kill? T))
(if kill? (mp::process-kill (first (ps))))
(setf wb::*default-display* (xlib::close-display wb::*default-display*))
(setf q::*quail-menubar* NIL)
)
(defun c () (wb::make-canvas))
(defun d () (setf d (array '(1 2 3 4) :dimensions '(2 2))))
(defun s () (scatterplot :data d :x 0 :y 1))
| 426 | Common Lisp | .cl | 11 | 34.727273 | 76 | 0.60794 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | f0ef56778508ff83c98b1dab38dd7c9bc72379e49530fad25a876527f136ab49 | 32,782 | [
-1
] |
32,783 | macros-mcl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/macros/macros-mcl.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; macros-mcl.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is an addition to Window-basics for moving pointclouds
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; R.W. Oldford 1992
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :wb)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(with-focused-canvas host-to-canvas-y)))
(defmacro with-focused-canvas (canvas &body body)
"Executes the body with all drawing methods focused on the ~
canvas."
`(case (display-mode-of ,canvas)
(:active (ccl::with-focused-view (the-scroller ,canvas) ,@body))
(:postscript ,@body)
(:printer ,@body)
(:mcl-printer ,@body)))
;;;------------------------------------------------------------------------
;;;
;;; Explicit fns to map between downwards-positive y-coords on mac and
;;; upwards-positive y-coords in canvas world.
;;;
(defmacro host-to-canvas-y (canvas y)
`(- (canvas-height ,canvas) ,y))
(defmacro canvas-to-host-y (canvas y)
`(- (canvas-height ,canvas) ,y))
| 1,421 | Common Lisp | .cl | 39 | 32.974359 | 105 | 0.457602 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 56e9aa0339c2f01c8894aefde22ec411e2d06afe9f308704f633a26c315ca242 | 32,783 | [
-1
] |
32,784 | operations-mcl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/macros/operations-mcl.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; operations-mcl.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is part of the Window-Basics package intended to provide a uniform
;;; window environment for Common Lisp programming.
;;;
;;; For copyright information and history, see window-basics-copyright.lisp
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; H.A. Chipman 1991
;;; C.B. Hurley 1989-1991
;;; J.A. McDonald 1988-89
;;; R.W. Oldford 1989-1991
;;; J.O. Pedersen 1988-89
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :wb)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(boole-to-op)
))
(defmacro boole-to-op (value)
`(case ,value
(:default :patCopy)
(:boole-1 :patCopy)
(:boole-c1 :notPatCopy)
(:boole-ior :patOr)
(:boole-orc1 :notPatOr)
(:boole-xor :patXor)
(:boole-eqv :notPatXor)
(:boole-andc1 :patBic)
(:boole-and :notPatBic)
(otherwise :patCopy ))) ;;NIL)))
| 1,372 | Common Lisp | .cl | 40 | 30.375 | 86 | 0.445537 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 58982f013c937d9392d1434a3dc96e5a72755820cdad95132a6b7f3d3ad0e2df | 32,784 | [
-1
] |
32,785 | operations-clx.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/macros/operations-clx.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; operations-clx.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is part of the Window-Basics package intended to provide a uniform
;;; window environment for Common Lisp programming.
;;;
;;; For copyright information and history, see window-basics-copyright.lisp
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; H.A. Chipman 1991
;;; C.B. Hurley 1989-1991
;;; J.A. McDonald 1988-89
;;; R.W. Oldford 1989-1991
;;; J.O. Pedersen 1988-89
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :wb)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(boole-to-op)
))
(defmacro boole-to-op (value)
`(case ,value
(:default boole-1)
(:boole-1 boole-1)
(:boole-c1 boole-c1)
(:boole-ior boole-ior)
(:boole-orc1 boole-orc1)
(:boole-xor boole-xor)
(:boole-eqv boole-eqv)
(:boole-andc1 boole-andc1)
(:boole-and boole-and)
(otherwise NIL)))
| 1,355 | Common Lisp | .cl | 40 | 29.95 | 86 | 0.448276 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 4ce0d587d5b76821c764a26f2692ddd0c90bae5b7bef4d34e6296fdcbde2fb5b | 32,785 | [
-1
] |
32,786 | macros-clx.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/macros/macros-clx.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; macros-clx.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is an addition to Window-basics for moving pointclouds
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; R.W. Oldford 1992
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :wb)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(with-focused-canvas host-to-canvas-y)))
(defmacro with-focused-canvas (canvas &body body)
"Executes the body with all drawing methods focused on the ~
canvas."
`(case (display-mode-of ,canvas)
(:active ,@body)
(:postscript ,@body)
(:printer ,@body)
(:mcl-printer ,@body)))
;;;------------------------------------------------------------------------
;;;
;;; Explicit fns to map between downwards-positive y-coords on mac and
;;; upwards-positive y-coords in canvas world.
;;;
(defmacro host-to-canvas-y (canvas y)
`(- (xlib:drawable-height (host-window ,canvas)) ,y))
(defmacro canvas-to-host-y (canvas y)
`(- (xlib:drawable-height (host-window ,canvas)) ,y))
| 1,416 | Common Lisp | .cl | 39 | 32.820513 | 105 | 0.45708 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | b47958d480224769cc301dffdd5a262cfb33b6ccae673179d6deecf15cc0034e | 32,786 | [
-1
] |
32,787 | color-clx.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/color/color-clx.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; color-clx.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is part of the Window-Basics package intended to provide a uniform
;;; window environment for Common Lisp programming.
;;;
;;; For copyright information and history, see window-basics-copyright.lisp
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; H.A. Chipman 1991
;;; C.B. Hurley 1989-1991
;;; J.A. McDonald 1988-89
;;; R.W. Oldford 1989-1991
;;; J.O. Pedersen 1988-89
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :wb)
(defun make-color (red green blue)
"Returns a colour record. 0 0 0 is black 1 1 1 is white ~
(:required (:arg red A number between 0 and 1.) ~
(:arg green A number between 0 and 1.) (:arg blue A number between 0 and 1.))"
(xlib:make-color :red red :green green :blue blue)
)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(make-color)))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(*max-color-saturation*
wb::make-color
red-of green-of blue-of
colorp eq-colors order-colors
prompt-user-for-color
optimize-color-record
deoptimize-color-record)))
;;;========================================================================
;;; Colors/Colours
;;;
;;;========================================================================
;;;
;;; These follow a red green blue (RGB) model for representing colour.
;;;
;;;
(defvar *max-color-saturation* 1.0
"The number which when given as the red green or blue of a colour ~
saturates that dimension of the color in the host system.")
(defun red-of (color)
"Returns the red coordinate of the color."
(xlib::color-red
(if (colorp color)
color
(deoptimize-color-record color)))
)
(defun green-of (color)
"Returns the green coordinate of the color."
(xlib::color-green
(if (colorp color)
color
(deoptimize-color-record color)))
)
(defun blue-of (color)
"Returns the blue coordinate of the color."
(xlib::color-blue
(if (colorp color)
color
(deoptimize-color-record color)))
)
(defun colorp (color)
"Test whether the argument is a color."
(xlib::color-p color))
(defun eq-colors (color-1 color-2)
"Test whether two colors are equal.~
Colors may be nil here"
(cond
((and (null color-1) (null color-2))
t)
((null color-1) nil)
((null color-2) nil)
((and (colorp color-1) (colorp color-2))
(real-color-equal color-1 color-2))
(T NIL)))
(defun real-color-equal (color-1 color-2)
(multiple-value-bind (red1 green1 blue1) (xlib::color-rgb color-1)
(multiple-value-bind (red2 green2 blue2) (xlib::color-rgb color-2)
(and (= red1 red2) (= green1 green2) (= blue1 blue2)))))
(defun order-colors (colors)
"Orders the colors in the list given"
(flet
((lt-colors (color-1 color-2)
(cond
((null color-2) t)
((null color-1) nil)
((<= (red-of color-1) (red-of color-2)) t)
((<= (green-of color-1) (green-of color-2)) t)
((<= (blue-of color-1) (blue-of color-2)) t))))
(sort colors #'lt-colors)))
(defun prompt-user-for-color ()
"Prompt the user for a colour."
(let
((colors
(list
(cons "white" *white-color*)
(cons "light gray" *light-gray-color*)
(cons "gray" *gray-color*)
(cons "dark gray" *dark-gray-color*)
(cons "black" *black-color*)
(cons "pink" *pink-color*)
(cons "red" *red-color*)
(cons "orange" *orange-color*)
(cons "yellow" *yellow-color*)
(cons "green" *green-color*)
(cons "dark green" *dark-green-color*)
(cons "light blue" *light-blue-color*)
(cons "blue" *blue-color*)
(cons "purple" *purple-color*)
(cons "tan" *tan-color*)
(cons "brown" *brown-color*)))
)
(cdr (pick-one colors :prompt-text "Pick a color."
:item-print-function
#'(lambda (&rest args)
(car (first args)))
)
)))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Optimized colours
;;;
(defun optimize-color-record (color)
"Returns a data structure optimized for the current machine that ~
represents the color."
color)
(defun deoptimize-color-record (optimized-color)
"Returns the color record from an optimized-color ~
that was optimized for the current machine."
color)
| 5,005 | Common Lisp | .cl | 142 | 29.34507 | 89 | 0.537534 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 45a591385f4a17f06dfa408547efb6112257cc91f7c2053853c47345a6ef26fe | 32,787 | [
-1
] |
32,788 | color-mcl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/color/color-mcl.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; color-mcl.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is part of the Window-Basics package intended to provide a uniform
;;; window environment for Common Lisp programming.
;;;
;;; For copyright information and history, see window-basics-copyright.lisp
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; H.A. Chipman 1991
;;; C.B. Hurley 1989-1991
;;; J.A. McDonald 1988-89
;;; R.W. Oldford 1989-1991
;;; J.O. Pedersen 1988-89
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :wb)
;;;
;;; The following exist in ccl hence they are
;;; shadowed in window-basics Shadowed in defpackage
#|
(shadow '(make-color *black-color* *white-color* *pink-color* *red-color*
*orange-color* *yellow-color* *green-color* *dark-green-color*
*light-blue-color* *blue-color* *purple-color* *brown-color*
*tan-color* *light-gray-color* *gray-color* *dark-gray-color*)
)
|#
(defun make-color (red green blue)
"Returns a colour record. 0 0 0 is black 1 1 1 is white ~
(:required (:arg red A number between 0 and 1.) ~
(:arg green A number between 0 and 1.) (:arg blue A number between 0 and 1.))"
(declare (special *max-color-saturation*))
(ccl::make-color
(truncate (* *max-color-saturation* red))
(truncate (* *max-color-saturation* green))
(truncate (* *max-color-saturation* blue))
))
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(make-color)))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(*max-color-saturation*
wb::make-color
red-of green-of blue-of
colorp eq-colors order-colors
prompt-user-for-color
optimize-color-record
deoptimize-color-record)))
;;;========================================================================
;;; Colors/Colours
;;;
;;;========================================================================
;;;
;;; These follow a red green blue (RGB) model for representing colour.
;;;
;;;
(defvar *max-color-saturation* 65280
"The number which when given as the red green or blue of a colour ~
saturates that dimension of the color in the host system.")
(defun red-of (color)
"Returns the red coordinate of the color."
(declare (special *max-color-saturation*))
(min 1.0
(/
(ccl::color-red
(if (colorp color)
color
(deoptimize-color-record color)))
*max-color-saturation*)
))
(defun green-of (color)
"Returns the green coordinate of the color."
(declare (special *max-color-saturation*))
(min 1.0
(/
(ccl::color-green
(if (colorp color)
color
(deoptimize-color-record color)))
*max-color-saturation*)))
(defun blue-of (color)
"Returns the blue coordinate of the color."
(declare (special *max-color-saturation*))
(min
(/
(ccl::color-blue
(if (colorp color)
color
(deoptimize-color-record color)))
*max-color-saturation*)
1.0))
(defun colorp (color)
"Test whether the argument is a color."
;; colors are encoded as fixnums in MCL
(and (integerp color)
(<= color most-positive-fixnum)))
(defun eq-colors (color-1 color-2)
"Test whether two colors are equal.~
Colors may be nil here"
(cond
((and (null color-1) (null color-2))
t)
((null color-1) nil)
((null color-2) nil)
((and (colorp color-1) (colorp color-2))
(ccl::real-color-equal color-1 color-2))
(T NIL)))
(defun order-colors (colors)
"Orders the colors in the list given"
(flet
((lt-colors (color-1 color-2)
(cond
((null color-2) t)
((null color-1) nil)
(t (<= color-1 color-2)))))
(sort colors #'lt-colors)))
(defun prompt-user-for-color ()
"Prompt the user for a colour."
(user-pick-color))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Optimized colours
;;;
(defun optimize-color-record (color)
"Returns a data structure optimized for the current machine that ~
represents the color."
(declare (inline ccl::color-to-rgb)
(type fixnum color))
(ccl::color-to-rgb color))
(defun deoptimize-color-record (optimized-color)
"Returns the color record from an optimized-color ~
that was optimized for the current machine."
(declare (inline ccl::rgb-to-color))
(ccl::rgb-to-color optimized-color))
| 4,954 | Common Lisp | .cl | 141 | 29.624113 | 89 | 0.555509 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | c90ba969b9f93616c2a14d0eb69dda0b1dcb962a8b8ac6670c8a1faa40aff841 | 32,788 | [
-1
] |
32,789 | color-mixin-mcl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/color/color-mixin-mcl.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; color-mixin-mcl.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is part of the Window-Basics package intended to provide a uniform
;;; window environment for Common Lisp programming.
;;;
;;; For copyright information and history, see window-basics-copyright.lisp
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; H.A. Chipman 1991
;;; C.B. Hurley 1989-1991
;;; J.A. McDonald 1988-89
;;; R.W. Oldford 1989-1992
;;; J.O. Pedersen 1988-89
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :wb)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(canvas-set-background-color
canvas-background-color
colored-canvas-p
canvas-default-draw-color)))
(defclass color-mixin ()
((color?
:initarg :color?
:initform NIL
:reader colored-canvas-p
:documentation "Value is T when ~
the canvas is a color one, NIL otherwise.")
)
(:documentation
"A mixin to allow a test for color."))
;;;
;;; Setting the background and drawing colour/shading of a canvas.
;;;
(defun canvas-set-background-color (canvas color)
(with-display-mode canvas (display-mode-of canvas)
(canvas-set-background-color canvas color)
(when (and (colorp color) (colored-canvas-p canvas))
;;(set-back-color canvas color)
(ccl:set-part-color canvas :content color)
)))
(defun canvas-background-color (canvas)
(declare (special *white-shade*))
(if (colored-canvas-p canvas)
(ccl:get-back-color canvas)
*white-shade*))
(defun canvas-default-draw-color (canvas)
(declare (special *black-color* *white-color*
*black-shade*))
(if (colored-canvas-p canvas)
(or *default-canvas-pen-color*
(if (eql (canvas-background-color canvas) *black-color*)
*white-color*
*black-color*)
)
*black-shade*))
| 2,315 | Common Lisp | .cl | 65 | 30.046154 | 94 | 0.537668 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 9e4e1f10844778f0407aa9892a26f145df2090dc95e3e9eedaa41345376b54eb | 32,789 | [
-1
] |
32,790 | color-mixin-clx.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/color/color-mixin-clx.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; color-mixin-clx.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is part of the Window-Basics package intended to provide a uniform
;;; window environment for Common Lisp programming.
;;;
;;; For copyright information and history, see window-basics-copyright.lisp
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; N.G. Bennett 1993
;;; R.W. Oldford 1994
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :wb)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(canvas-set-background-color
canvas-background-color
colored-canvas-p
canvas-default-draw-color)))
(defclass color-mixin ()
((color?
:initarg :color?
:initform T
:reader colored-canvas-p
:documentation "Value is T when ~
the canvas is a color one, NIL otherwise.")
)
(:documentation
"A mixin to allow a test for color."))
;;;
;;; Setting the background and drawing colour/shading of a canvas.
;;;
(defun canvas-set-background-color (canvas color)
(with-display-mode canvas (display-mode-of canvas)
(canvas-set-background-color canvas color)
(let* ((gcontext (gcontext canvas))
(display (xlib::gcontext-display gcontext))
(screen (xlib::display-default-screen display))
(colormap (xlib::screen-default-colormap screen))
(my-new-color
(xlib::alloc-color colormap color)))
(setf (xlib::gcontext-background gcontext) my-new-color)
(setf (xlib::window-background (host-window canvas)) my-new-color)
color
)))
;;(when (and (colorp color) (colored-canvas-p canvas))
;; (setf (xlib::window-background (host-window canvas)) color)
;; (setf (xlib::gcontext-background (gcontext canvas)) color)
;; )))
(defun canvas-background-color (canvas)
(let* ((gcontext (gcontext canvas))
(display (xlib::gcontext-display gcontext))
(screen (xlib::display-default-screen display))
(colormap (xlib::screen-default-colormap screen))
(my-pixel (xlib::gcontext-background gcontext)))
(first (xlib::query-colors colormap (list my-pixel)))))
(defun canvas-default-draw-color (canvas)
(declare (special *black-color* *white-color*))
(or *default-canvas-pen-color*
(if (eql (canvas-background-color canvas) *black-color*)
*white-color*
*black-color*)
))
| 2,816 | Common Lisp | .cl | 70 | 34.085714 | 94 | 0.567329 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 3f30c10266d6331ced1e806fd746f69d2b738dcccac3f89349dd904cc1f60f10 | 32,790 | [
-1
] |
32,791 | cursor-clx.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/bitmap/cursor-clx.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; cursor-mcl.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is part of the Window-Basics package intended to provide a uniform
;;; window environment for Common Lisp programming.
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; R.W. Oldford 1991
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :wb)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(make-cursor with-cursor)))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Note that with-cursor is already in MCL
;;;
(defun make-cursor (bitmap &key mask (hotspot (h-draw:make-point 0 0)))
"Returns a cursor structure for use with with-cursor."
(format *terminal-io* "~&make-cursor unimplemented in X~%")
#|
(flet ((get-scaled-raw-bitmap (bm)
(if (= 16 (bitmap-height bm) (bitmap-width bm))
(bitmap-host-bitmap bm)
(let ((rbm (bitmap-host-bitmap bm))
(sm (h-draw::make-bitmap 0 0 15 15)))
(rlet ((rect-rbm :rect
:top 0 :left 0
:bottom (- (bitmap-height bm) 1)
:right (- (bitmap-width bm) 1))
(rect-sbm :rect :top 0 :left 0 :bottom 15 :right 15))
(h-draw::copy-bits rbm sm rect-rbm rect-sbm))
sm))))
(ccl:make-record :cursor
:data (get-scaled-raw-bitmap bitmap)
:mask (if mask
(get-scaled-raw-bitmap mask)
(h-draw::make-bitmap 0 0 15 15))
:hotspot hotspot))
|#
)
| 1,990 | Common Lisp | .cl | 49 | 31.44898 | 93 | 0.423975 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 5cef6770b0dca6c9f3dc51d3240075a6fce023ef5384e8c1527455552121810b | 32,791 | [
-1
] |
32,792 | shades-mcl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/bitmap/shades-mcl.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; shades-mcl.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is part of the Window-Basics package intended to provide a uniform
;;; window environment for Common Lisp programming.
;;;
;;; For copyright information and history, see window-basics-copyright.lisp
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; H.A. Chipman 1991
;;; C.B. Hurley 1989-1991
;;; J.A. McDonald 1988-89
;;; R.W. Oldford 1989-1992
;;; J.O. Pedersen 1988-89
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :wb)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(*black-shade* *white-shade* *light-gray-shade* *dark-gray-shade*
*gray-shade* *default-fill-shade*)))
;;;============================================================
;;; Shades
;;;============================================================
(defvar *black-shade*)
(defvar *white-shade*)
(defvar *light-gray-shade*)
(defvar *dark-gray-shade*)
(defvar *gray-shade*)
(defvar *default-fill-shade*)
(defun setup-shades ()
(declare (special *black-shade* ccl:*black-pattern*
*white-shade* ccl:*white-pattern*
*light-gray-shade* ccl:*light-gray-pattern*
*dark-gray-shade* ccl:*dark-gray-pattern*
*gray-shade* *gray-pattern*
*default-fill-shade* *patterns*))
(setf *black-shade* *black-pattern*)
(setf *white-shade* *white-pattern*)
(setf *light-gray-shade* *light-gray-pattern*)
(setf *dark-gray-shade* *dark-gray-pattern*)
(setf *gray-shade* *gray-pattern*)
#|(setf *gray-shade* (make-record :pattern
:b0 170
:b1 85
:b2 170
:b3 85
:b4 170
:b5 85
:b6 170
:b7 85))|#
(setf *default-fill-shade* *gray-pattern*)
)
(add-restore-lisp-functions #'setup-shades)
(eval-when (load) (setup-shades))
| 2,504 | Common Lisp | .cl | 62 | 31.33871 | 131 | 0.436829 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 68ea3b039147bbe4d3fee425057ea9405c67c5b56099e3d3fb6146b26e5fa3aa | 32,792 | [
-1
] |
32,793 | bitmap-mcl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/bitmap/bitmap-mcl.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; bitmap-mcl.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is part of the Window-Basics package intended to provide a uniform
;;; window environment for Common Lisp programming.
;;;
;;; For copyright information and history, see window-basics-copyright.lisp
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; H.A. Chipman 1991
;;; C.B. Hurley 1989-1991
;;; J.A. McDonald 1988-89
;;; R.W. Oldford 1989-1992
;;; J.O. Pedersen 1988-89
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :wb)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(bitmap-p make-bitmap canvas-bitblt copy-canvas-region-to-bitmap
with-bitmap-as-window canvas-bitblt copy-canvas-region-to-bitmap)))
;;;============================================================
;;; Bitmaps
;;;============================================================
;;(defun bitmap-p (b)
;; (eq (class-name b) 'bitmap))
;; (defun make-bitmap (left &optional right top bottom)
;;; (ccl::make-bitmap left right top bottom))
(defun make-window-use-bitmap (w bm)
"Make the window w use the host bitmap bm as its draw area."
(let ((grafport (rref (wptr w) windowRecord.port)))
(with-port grafport
(_SetPBits :ptr bm)
(_MovePortTo :word 0 :word 0)
(_PortSize
:word (+ 1 (- (rref bm bitmap.bounds.right)
(rref bm bitmap.bounds.left)))
:word (+ 1 (- (rref bm bitmap.bounds.bottom)
(rref bm bitmap.bounds.top))))
(_RectRgn
:ptr (rref grafport grafport.visrgn)
:ptr (rref bm bitmap.bounds)))))
(defmacro with-bitmap-as-window (bm w &body body)
`(let ((,w (make-instance 'window :window-show nil)))
(make-window-use-bitmap ,w ,bm)
(h-draw::erase-rect ,w (rref ,bm bitmap.bounds))
,@body
(ccl:window-close ,w)))
#|
(defun array-to-bitmap (the-array bitmap-width)
;;; make a bitmap with an array of integer and a width for the bitmap
(let* ((the-bitmap (make-bitmap :width bitmap-width
:height (array-dimension the-array 1)))
(bm (ccl:rref (bitmap-host-bitmap the-bitmap) bitmap.baseaddr))
(offset 0))
(ccl:rset (bitmap-host-bitmap the-bitmap) bitmap.rowBytes
(array-dimension the-array 0))
(dotimes (y (array-dimension the-array 1))
(dotimes (x (array-dimension the-array 0))
(ccl:%put-byte bm (aref the-array x y) offset)
(setq offset (+ 1 offset))))
the-bitmap))
(defun bitmap-to-array (the-bitmap bitmap-width)
;;; make a bitmap with an array of integer and a width for the bitmap
(let* ((the-bitmap (make-bitmap :width bitmap-width
:height (array-dimension the-array 1)))
(bm (ccl:rref (bitmap-host-bitmap the-bitmap) bitmap.baseaddr))
(offset 0))
(ccl:rset (bitmap-host-bitmap the-bitmap) bitmap.rowBytes
(array-dimension the-array 0))
(dotimes (y (array-dimension the-array 1))
(dotimes (x (array-dimension the-array 0))
(ccl:%put-byte bm (aref the-array x y) offset)
(setq offset (+ 1 offset))))
the-bitmap))
|#
(defun canvas-bitblt (canvas bitmap
&key
(canvas-left 0) (canvas-bottom 0)
(bitmap-left 0) (bitmap-bottom 0)
(width (bitmap-width bitmap))
(height (bitmap-height bitmap))
(operation :default))
(let* ((raw-bitmap (bitmap-host-bitmap bitmap))
(bitmap-y-adjust (rref raw-bitmap bitmap.bounds.bottom))
(canvas-window (wptr canvas))
(canvas-bitmap (rref canvas-window windowRecord.port.portbits))
(canvas-visRgn (rref canvas-window windowRecord.port.visRgn))
(bitblt-op (boole-to-op operation)))
(rlet ((raw-rect :rect)
(canvas-rect :rect))
(rset raw-rect rect.left bitmap-left)
(rset raw-rect rect.top (- bitmap-y-adjust (+ bitmap-bottom height -1)))
(rset raw-rect rect.right (+ bitmap-left width -1))
(rset raw-rect rect.bottom (- bitmap-y-adjust bitmap-bottom))
(rset canvas-rect rect.left canvas-left)
(rset canvas-rect rect.top (canvas-to-host-y canvas (+ canvas-bottom height -1)))
(rset canvas-rect rect.right (+ canvas-left width -1))
(rset canvas-rect rect.bottom (canvas-to-host-y canvas canvas-bottom))
(h-draw::copy-bits raw-bitmap canvas-bitmap
raw-rect canvas-rect
bitblt-op canvas-visRgn)
)))
(defun copy-canvas-region-to-bitmap (source-canvas
source-left
source-top
dest-bitmap
width
height)
"Copy a region of the canvas to a bitmap."
(with-port (wptr source-canvas)
(rlet ((r-source :rect :top (- (+ source-top height)) :left source-left
:bottom (- source-top) :right (+ source-left width))
(r-dest :rect :top 0 :left 0 :bottom height :right width))
(_CopyBits :ptr
(rref (rref (wptr source-canvas) windowRecord.port)
grafport.portbits)
:ptr (bitmap-host-bitmap dest-bitmap)
:ptr r-source
:ptr r-dest
:word (h-draw::mode-arg :patCopy)
:ptr (%null-ptr)))))
| 5,916 | Common Lisp | .cl | 129 | 36.255814 | 129 | 0.540611 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | c9c3a7b9b48b5adc1b54dbd21d7984da1b053247546799d0785d7234448697e8 | 32,793 | [
-1
] |
32,794 | shades-clx.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/bitmap/shades-clx.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; shades-clx.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is part of the Window-Basics package intended to provide a uniform
;;; window environment for Common Lisp programming.
;;;
;;; For copyright information and history, see window-basics-copyright.lisp
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; H.A. Chipman 1991
;;; C.B. Hurley 1989-1991
;;; J.A. McDonald 1988-89
;;; R.W. Oldford 1989-1992
;;; J.O. Pedersen 1988-89
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :wb)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(*black-shade* *white-shade* *light-gray-shade* *dark-gray-shade*
*gray-shade* *default-fill-shade*)))
;;;============================================================
;;; Shades
;;;============================================================
(defvar *black-shade*)
(defvar *white-shade*)
(defvar *light-gray-shade*)
(defvar *dark-gray-shade*)
(defvar *gray-shade*)
(defvar *default-fill-shade*)
(defun setup-shades ()
(declare (special *black-shade* *black-color*
*white-shade* *white-color*
*light-gray-shade* *light-gray-color*
*dark-gray-shade* *dark-gray-color*
*gray-shade* *gray-color*
*default-fill-shade* *patterns*))
(setf *black-shade* *black-color*)
(setf *white-shade* *white-color*)
(setf *light-gray-shade* *light-gray-color*)
(setf *dark-gray-shade* *dark-gray-color*)
(setf *gray-shade* *gray-color*)
(setf *default-fill-shade* *gray-color*)
)
(add-restore-lisp-functions #'setup-shades)
(eval-when (load) (setup-shades))
| 2,065 | Common Lisp | .cl | 53 | 34.056604 | 131 | 0.480924 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | e407f323df10685cd2700eb8638999e383796988ad522720b61e47d455f3b18f | 32,794 | [
-1
] |
32,795 | cursor-mcl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/bitmap/cursor-mcl.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; cursor-mcl.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is part of the Window-Basics package intended to provide a uniform
;;; window environment for Common Lisp programming.
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; R.W. Oldford 1991
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :wb)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(make-cursor with-cursor)))
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Note that with-cursor is already in MCL
;;;
(defun make-cursor (bitmap &key mask (hotspot (h-draw:make-point 0 0)))
"Returns a cursor structure for use with with-cursor."
(flet ((get-scaled-raw-bitmap (bm)
(if (= 16 (bitmap-height bm) (bitmap-width bm))
(bitmap-host-bitmap bm)
(let ((rbm (bitmap-host-bitmap bm))
(sm (h-draw::make-bitmap 0 0 15 15)))
(rlet ((rect-rbm :rect
:top 0 :left 0
:bottom (- (bitmap-height bm) 1)
:right (- (bitmap-width bm) 1))
(rect-sbm :rect :top 0 :left 0 :bottom 15 :right 15))
(h-draw::copy-bits rbm sm rect-rbm rect-sbm))
sm))))
(ccl:make-record :cursor
:data (get-scaled-raw-bitmap bitmap)
:mask (if mask
(get-scaled-raw-bitmap mask)
(h-draw::make-bitmap 0 0 15 15))
:hotspot hotspot)))
| 1,919 | Common Lisp | .cl | 45 | 32.844444 | 93 | 0.416667 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | d071cb47619e4abe00e354dcccd91121ef533dd0b3ed85ff190b47d95c3095ba | 32,795 | [
-1
] |
32,796 | bitmap-clx.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/bitmap/bitmap-clx.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; bitmap-clx.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is part of the Window-Basics package intended to provide a uniform
;;; window environment for Common Lisp programming.
;;;
;;; For copyright information and history, see window-basics-copyright.lisp
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; H.A. Chipman 1991
;;; C.B. Hurley 1989-1991
;;; J.A. McDonald 1988-89
;;; R.W. Oldford 1989-1992
;;; J.O. Pedersen 1988-89
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :wb)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(bitmap-p make-bitmap canvas-bitblt copy-canvas-region-to-bitmap
with-bitmap-as-window canvas-bitblt copy-canvas-region-to-bitmap)))
;;;============================================================
;;; Bitmaps
;;;============================================================
(defun make-window-use-bitmap (w bm)
"Make the window w use the host bitmap bm as its draw area."
#| (let ((grafport (rref (wptr w) windowRecord.port)))
(with-port grafport
(_SetPBits :ptr bm)
(_MovePortTo :word 0 :word 0)
(_PortSize
:word (+ 1 (- (rref bm bitmap.bounds.right)
(rref bm bitmap.bounds.left)))
:word (+ 1 (- (rref bm bitmap.bounds.bottom)
(rref bm bitmap.bounds.top))))
(_RectRgn
:ptr (rref grafport grafport.visrgn)
:ptr (rref bm bitmap.bounds))))
|#
(format *terminal-io* "~&make-window-use-bitmap unimplemented for X~%")
)
(defmacro with-bitmap-as-window (bm w &body body)
#|
`(let ((,w (make-instance 'window :window-show nil)))
(make-window-use-bitmap ,w ,bm)
(h-draw::erase-rect ,w (rref ,bm bitmap.bounds))
,@body
(ccl:window-close ,w))
|#
`(format *terminal-io* " with-bitmap-as-window unimplemented for X~%")
)
#|
(defun array-to-bitmap (the-array bitmap-width)
;;; make a bitmap with an array of integer and a width for the bitmap
(let* ((the-bitmap (make-bitmap :width bitmap-width
:height (array-dimension the-array 1)))
(bm (ccl:rref (bitmap-host-bitmap the-bitmap) bitmap.baseaddr))
(offset 0))
(ccl:rset (bitmap-host-bitmap the-bitmap) bitmap.rowBytes
(array-dimension the-array 0))
(dotimes (y (array-dimension the-array 1))
(dotimes (x (array-dimension the-array 0))
(ccl:%put-byte bm (aref the-array x y) offset)
(setq offset (+ 1 offset))))
the-bitmap))
(defun bitmap-to-array (the-bitmap bitmap-width)
;;; make a bitmap with an array of integer and a width for the bitmap
(let* ((the-bitmap (make-bitmap :width bitmap-width
:height (array-dimension the-array 1)))
(bm (ccl:rref (bitmap-host-bitmap the-bitmap) bitmap.baseaddr))
(offset 0))
(ccl:rset (bitmap-host-bitmap the-bitmap) bitmap.rowBytes
(array-dimension the-array 0))
(dotimes (y (array-dimension the-array 1))
(dotimes (x (array-dimension the-array 0))
(ccl:%put-byte bm (aref the-array x y) offset)
(setq offset (+ 1 offset))))
the-bitmap))
|#
(defun canvas-bitblt (canvas bitmap
&key
(canvas-left 0) (canvas-bottom 0)
(bitmap-left 0) (bitmap-bottom 0)
(width (bitmap-width bitmap))
(height (bitmap-height bitmap))
(operation :default))
(format *terminal-io* "~&canvas-bitblt unimplemented for X~%")
#|
(let* ((raw-bitmap (bitmap-host-bitmap bitmap))
(bitmap-y-adjust (rref raw-bitmap bitmap.bounds.bottom))
(canvas-window (wptr canvas))
(canvas-bitmap (rref canvas-window windowRecord.port.portbits))
(canvas-visRgn (rref canvas-window windowRecord.port.visRgn))
(bitblt-op (boole-to-op operation)))
(rlet ((raw-rect :rect)
(canvas-rect :rect))
(rset raw-rect rect.left bitmap-left)
(rset raw-rect rect.top (- bitmap-y-adjust (+ bitmap-bottom height -1)))
(rset raw-rect rect.right (+ bitmap-left width -1))
(rset raw-rect rect.bottom (- bitmap-y-adjust bitmap-bottom))
(rset canvas-rect rect.left canvas-left)
(rset canvas-rect rect.top (canvas-to-host-y canvas (+ canvas-bottom height -1)))
(rset canvas-rect rect.right (+ canvas-left width -1))
(rset canvas-rect rect.bottom (canvas-to-host-y canvas canvas-bottom))
(h-draw::copy-bits raw-bitmap canvas-bitmap
raw-rect canvas-rect
bitblt-op canvas-visRgn)
))
|#
)
(defun copy-canvas-region-to-bitmap (source-canvas
source-left
source-top
dest-bitmap
width
height)
"Copy a region of the canvas to a bitmap."
(format *terminal-io* "~©-canvas-region-to-bitmap unimplemented for X~%")
#|
(with-port (wptr source-canvas)
(rlet ((r-source :rect :top (- (+ source-top height)) :left source-left
:bottom (- source-top) :right (+ source-left width))
(r-dest :rect :top 0 :left 0 :bottom height :right width))
(_CopyBits :ptr
(rref (rref (wptr source-canvas) windowRecord.port)
grafport.portbits)
:ptr (bitmap-host-bitmap dest-bitmap)
:ptr r-source
:ptr r-dest
:word (h-draw::mode-arg :patCopy)
:ptr (%null-ptr))))
|#
)
| 6,080 | Common Lisp | .cl | 140 | 34.428571 | 129 | 0.543523 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | a1dcc86b87e9390215d6ce4488e1576ffb8fc1e6390ef17823991b3a7ccbb7c2 | 32,796 | [
-1
] |
32,797 | device-clx.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/monitor/device-clx.lsp | è ¬ é @ê @ î @î @Ü ú @ú @8 ü @ý @ @ @4 ë €í €D ó €ó €ì õ €õ €$ û €û €Ä þ €ÿ €8 ï Àò À` ô Àô Àì
ö Àù À€ l T h e p r o f i l e f o r u s e r % 1 w a s l o a d e d s u c c e s s f u l l y .
p T h e p r o f i l e f o r u s e r % 1 w a s u n l o a d e d s u c c e s s f u l l y .
T T h e p r o f i l e f o r u s e r % 1 i s m a n d a t o r y .
\ T h e d e f a u l t p r o f i l e w a s u s e d f o r u s e r % 1 .
ä T h e c e n t r a l p r o f i l e % 1 f o r u s e r % 2 i s n o t u p d a t e d . N o c e n t r a l p r o f i l e u p d a t e s a r e a l l o w e d f r o m t h i s c o m p u t e r .
ΠT h e c e n t r a l p r o f i l e % 1 w a s c o p i e d o v e r t h e u s e r ' s c a c h e d p r o f i l e .
ΠT h e u s e r ' s c a c h e d p r o f i l e w a s c o p i e d o v e r t h e c e n t r a l p r o f i l e % 1 .
% 1
p T h e m a n d a t o r y p r o f i l e % 1 w a s n o t f o u n d , e r r o r = % 2 .
œ T h e u s e r % 1 d o e | 1,229 | Common Lisp | .cl | 11 | 110.818182 | 227 | 0.351107 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | a30dce2d9ee158e9bb578b292e6db5eb194c9b5be034550b8793c944ca719e0b | 32,797 | [
-1
] |
32,798 | canvas-redisplay-clx.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/redisplay/canvas-redisplay-clx.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; canvas-redisplay-clx.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is part of the Window-Basics package intended to provide a uniform
;;; window environment for Common Lisp programming.
;;;
;;; For copyright information and history, see window-basics-copyright.lisp
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; R.W. Oldford 1989-1992
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :wb)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '()))
(defmethod wb-refresh ((c canvas-redisplay-mixin))
(if (redisplay-p c)
(redisplay c))
)
| 954 | Common Lisp | .cl | 27 | 32.407407 | 86 | 0.434024 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 3e2ffb1b23890ef0f9bf23c8e5e914e4637a9a8f84a2f8f0357489384ec0a8fc | 32,798 | [
-1
] |
32,799 | canvas-ops-clx.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/redisplay/canvas-ops-clx.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; canvas-ops-clx.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is part of the Window-Basics package intended to provide a uniform
;;; window environment for Common Lisp programming.
;;;
;;; For copyright information and history, see window-basics-copyright.lisp
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; N.G. Bennett 1993.
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :wb)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(;;size-changed-p
canvas-visible-p
at-top-p close-canvas hide-canvas show-canvas
canvas-width canvas-height
canvas-title move-canvas
shape-canvas
canvas-to-top)))
#|
(defun size-changed-p (display) ; cbh
;; for a particular kind of display, redefine this
(declare (ignore display)) T)
|#
(defun at-top-p (canvas)
"Test whether the canvas is the top-most in the display."
nil)
(defun canvas-visible-p (canvas)
"Test whether the canvas is visible in the display."
(eq (xlib:window-map-state (host-window canvas)) :viewable)
)
(defun close-canvas (canvas)
"Close the canvas if it's open."
(xlib:destroy-window (host-window canvas))
)
(defun hide-canvas (canvas)
"Hides the canvas from display."
(xlib:unmap-window (host-window canvas))
)
(defun show-canvas (canvas)
"Displays the canvas."
(xlib:map-window (host-window canvas))
)
(defun canvas-width (canvas)
"Returns the display width of the canvas (in pixels)."
(xlib:drawable-width (host-window canvas))
)
(defun canvas-height (canvas)
"Returns the display height of the canvas (in pixels)."
(xlib:drawable-height (host-window canvas))
)
;;;============================================================
;;; Canvas properties
;;;============================================================
(defun canvas-to-top (window)
"Brings the canvas to the front of all other windows."
(setf (xlib:window-priority window) :above)
)
(defun canvas-title (canvas)
(xlib:wm-name (host-window canvas))
)
(defsetf canvas-title (canvas) (new-value)
`(let ((my-new-value ,new-value))
(setf (xlib:wm-name (host-window ,canvas)) my-new-value
(xlib:wm-icon-name (host-window ,canvas)) my-new-value)
my-new-value)
)
(defun move-canvas (canvas x &optional y)
"Reposition the canvas to the position (x y) in screen coordinates. ~
If only one argument is given then it is assumed to be a position."
(if y
(setf (xlib:drawable-x (host-window canvas)) x
(xlib:drawable-y (host-window canvas)) y)
(setf (xlib:drawable-x (host-window canvas)) (position-x x)
(xlib:drawable-y (host-window canvas)) (position-y x))))
(defun shape-canvas (canvas width &optional height)
"Resize a canvas to have width and height as given. If the optional ~
argument height is not supplied, then it is assumed that the first argument ~
is either a position specifying the width and height as its x and y coordinates, ~
or a region whose width and height specify the corresponding attributes of the canvas."
(cond
(height
(setf (xlib:drawable-width (host-window canvas)) width
(xlib:drawable-height (host-window canvas)) height))
((position-p width)
(setf (xlib:drawable-width (host-window canvas)) (position-x width)
(xlib:drawable-height (host-window canvas)) (position-y width)))
((region-p width)
(setf (xlib:drawable-width (host-window canvas)) (region-width width)
(xlib:drawable-height (host-window canvas)) (region-height width)))
(T (set-view-size canvas width))))
| 4,067 | Common Lisp | .cl | 100 | 36 | 91 | 0.601326 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | a59782b5bcc1fe626f61001eb79ac8ff40d72deffd83b1b86bf2e6dc8c38a457 | 32,799 | [
-1
] |
32,800 | canvas-ops-mcl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/redisplay/canvas-ops-mcl.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; canvas-ops-mcl.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is part of the Window-Basics package intended to provide a uniform
;;; window environment for Common Lisp programming.
;;;
;;; For copyright information and history, see window-basics-copyright.lisp
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; H.A. Chipman 1991
;;; C.B. Hurley 1989-1991
;;; J.A. McDonald 1988-89
;;; R.W. Oldford 1989-1992
;;; J.O. Pedersen 1988-89
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :wb)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(;;size-changed-p
canvas-visible-p
at-top-p close-canvas hide-canvas show-canvas
canvas-width canvas-height
canvas-title canvas-set-title which-canvas move-canvas
shape-canvas
canvas-to-top canvas-at-top canvases )))
#|
(defun size-changed-p (display) ; cbh
;; for a particular kind of display, redefine this
(declare (ignore display)) T)
|#
(defun at-top-p (canvas)
"Test whether the canvas is the top-most in the display."
(eq canvas (first (ccl:windows))))
(defun canvas-visible-p (canvas)
"Test whether the canvas is visible in the display."
(ccl::wptr canvas))
(defun close-canvas (canvas)
"Close the canvas if it's open."
(ccl:window-close canvas))
(defun hide-canvas (canvas)
"Hides the canvas from display."
(ccl::window-hide canvas)
)
(defun show-canvas (canvas)
"Displays the canvas."
(ccl:window-show canvas)
)
(defun canvas-width (canvas)
"Returns the display width of the canvas (in pixels)."
(- (h-draw:point-x (view-size canvas)) 15))
(defun canvas-height (canvas)
"Returns the display height of the canvas (in pixels)."
(- (h-draw:point-y (view-size canvas)) 15))
;;;============================================================
;;; Canvas properties
;;;============================================================
(defun canvas-to-top (window)
"Brings the canvas to the front of all other windows."
(ccl:window-select window))
(defun canvas-at-top ()
"Returns the canvas at the front of all other canvases."
(first (canvases)))
(defun canvases ()
"Returns a list of all existing canvases."
(ccl:windows :class 'canvas))
(defun which-canvas (screen-position)
"Returns the canvas at the screen-position, if it exists."
;;loop over all windows, find the frontmost one containing position
;; return it if it is a canvas
(find-if #'(lambda (w)
(inside-p (canvas-screen-region w) screen-position))
(canvases)))
(defun canvas-title (canvas)
(ccl:window-title canvas)
)
(defsetf canvas-title (canvas) (new-value)
`(let ((my-new-value ,new-value))
(ccl:set-window-title ,canvas my-new-value)
my-new-value)
)
(defun canvas-set-title (c title)
(setf (canvas-title c) title))
(defun move-canvas (canvas x &optional y)
"Reposition the canvas to the position (x y) in screen coordinates. ~
If only one argument is given then it is assumed to be a position."
(cond
((integerp y)
(ccl::set-view-position canvas x (screen-to-host-y y)))
(T
(ccl::set-view-position canvas
(position-x x) (screen-to-host-y (position-y x))))))
(defun shape-canvas (canvas width &optional height)
"Resize a canvas to have width and height as given. If the optional ~
argument height is not supplied, then it is assumed that the first argument ~
is either a position specifying the width and height as its x and y coordinates, ~
or a region whose width and height specify the corresponding attributes of the canvas."
(cond
(height
(ccl:set-view-size canvas width height))
((position-p width)
(ccl:set-view-size canvas (position-x width) (position-y width)))
((region-p width)
(ccl:set-view-size canvas
(region-width width)
(region-height width)))
(T (ccl:set-view-size
canvas
(min width (window-max-width))
(min width (window-max-height))))))
;; Following should be unnecessary. Just a hack to make sure that the old region
;; gets redisplayed properly.
;; (redisplay canvas)
;; )
| 4,732 | Common Lisp | .cl | 121 | 33.826446 | 91 | 0.592218 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 68f41522201aa85f92711facfd5bfda84146666bf4a2aa8a6166084b059a7edc | 32,800 | [
-1
] |
32,801 | canvas-redisplay-mcl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/redisplay/canvas-redisplay-mcl.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; canvas-redisplay-mcl.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is part of the Window-Basics package intended to provide a uniform
;;; window environment for Common Lisp programming.
;;;
;;; For copyright information and history, see window-basics-copyright.lisp
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; R.W. Oldford 1989-1992
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :wb)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '()))
(defmethod view-draw-contents ((c canvas-redisplay-mixin))
(call-next-method)
(if (redisplay-p c)
(redisplay c))
)
(defmethod ccl::view-activate-event-handler ((c canvas-redisplay-mixin))
(declare (special *just-selected*))
(setf *just-selected* c)
(call-next-method)
)
| 1,154 | Common Lisp | .cl | 33 | 31.848485 | 86 | 0.480613 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 91f776d9b654008390a146a3d49c107f296e4f9fd99749af4696af860f942bf2 | 32,801 | [
-1
] |
32,802 | clip-mcl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/canvas-regions/clip-mcl.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; clip-mcl.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1988-1992 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; G. Desvignes 1988,1989
;;; R.W. Oldford 1988-1992
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;;;
(in-package :window-basics)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(clipping-region-of)))
(defun clipping-region-of (canvas)
"Returns the content region of the canvas."
(with-dereferenced-handles ((rgn (rref (wptr canvas) windowRecord.contRgn)))
(rlet ((rect :rect))
(copy-record (rref rgn region.rgnBBox :storage :pointer)
:rect
rect)
(make-region (canvas-x-offset canvas)
(canvas-y-offset canvas)
(- (rref rect rect.right)
(rref rect rect.left))
(- (rref rect rect.bottom)
(rref rect rect.top)))))
)
| 1,232 | Common Lisp | .cl | 33 | 30.242424 | 87 | 0.429668 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 82aa536283825954214ad88996154a55f64a6b9294b1f78912bf2e61e96e15bc | 32,802 | [
-1
] |
32,803 | clip-clx.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/canvas-regions/clip-clx.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; clip-mcl.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) 1988-1992 Statistical Computing Laboratory, University of Waterloo
;;;
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; G. Desvignes 1988,1989
;;; R.W. Oldford 1988-1992
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;;;
(in-package :window-basics)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(clipping-region-of)))
(defun clipping-region-of (canvas)
"Returns the content region of the canvas."
(make-region (canvas-x-offset canvas)
(canvas-y-offset canvas)
(xlib::drawable-width (host-window canvas))
(xlib::drawable-height (host-window canvas))))
| 923 | Common Lisp | .cl | 25 | 33.04 | 87 | 0.434091 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | c02666308bd7b012a2dfec1a6e062c283150d380d512c0b6cffefbf0274d5a34 | 32,803 | [
-1
] |
32,804 | drag-clx.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/canvas-regions/drag-clx.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; drag-clx.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is part of the Window-Basics package intended to provide a uniform
;;; window environment for Common Lisp programming.
;;;
;;; For copyright information and history, see window-basics-copyright.lisp
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; H.A. Chipman 1991
;;; C.B. Hurley 1989-1992
;;; M.E. Lewis 1991
;;; J.A. McDonald 1988-89
;;; R.W. Oldford 1989-1992
;;; J.O. Pedersen 1988-89
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :wb)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(drag-region-on-canvas drag-region-on-screen
select-rectangle
select-canvas-rect select-screen-rect
prompt-for-canvas
sweep-for-canvas reshape-canvas-rect)))
(defun calc-region (canvas &optional region left bottom width height)
"Returns left bottom, width height as multiple values ~
if region is provided, its left bottom etc are used ~
if left or bottom are not provided, the mouse position is used instead."
(when region
(setq left (region-left region))
(setq bottom (region-bottom region))
(setq height (region-height region))
(setq width (region-width region)))
(setq left (or left (- (if canvas (mouse-x canvas) (screen-mouse-x)) width)))
(setq bottom (or bottom (if canvas (mouse-y canvas) (screen-mouse-y))))
(values left bottom width height))
(defun drag-region-on-canvas
(canvas &key region (limit-region (canvas-region canvas))
left bottom (width 50) (height 50) (axis :both))
"With mouse already depressed, ~
drags a region around following mouse position. ~
If left or bottom are not provided, the mouse position is used instead. ~
Axis = :x or :y limits motion to x or y axis respectively. ~
Returns a region."
(declare (special :boole-xor))
(multiple-value-setq (left bottom width height)
(calc-region canvas region left bottom width height))
(if (eql :none axis) ;allow no motion
(setq limit-region (make-region left bottom width height)))
(let* ((old-mouse NIL)
(new-mouse NIL)
(top (canvas-to-host-y canvas
(+ bottom height)))
(limit-left
(region-left limit-region))
(limit-top
(canvas-to-host-y canvas (region-top limit-region)))
(limit-bottom
(canvas-to-host-y canvas (region-bottom limit-region)))
(limit-right
(region-right limit-region))
(drawable (host-window canvas))
(gcontext (gcontext canvas))
left-lower left-upper
;;right-lower right-upper
;;bottom-lower bottom-upper
top-lower top-upper
)
(flet ((host-mouse-position ()
(multiple-value-bind
(x y)
(xlib::pointer-position drawable)
(list x y)))
)
;; Get width right
;;
(setf width (min width (- limit-right limit-left)))
;; Get height right
;;
(setf height (min height (- limit-bottom limit-top)))
;; bounds
;; Left
(setf left-lower limit-left)
(setf left-upper (max limit-left (- limit-right width)))
;; bounds
;; Right
;;(setf right-upper limit-right)
;;(setf right-lower (min limit-right (+ limit-left width)))
;; bounds
;; Top ... remember we're in the upside down host mode
(setf Top-lower limit-top)
(setf Top-upper (max limit-top (- limit-top height)))
;; bounds
;; Bottom ... remember we're in the upside down host mode
;;(setf bottom-upper limit-bottom)
;;(setf bottom-lower (min limit-bottom (+ limit-top height)))
;; starting position
;; Left
(cond
((< left left-lower) (setf left left-lower))
((> left left-upper) (setf left left-upper)))
;; starting position
;; Top
(cond
((< Top Top-lower) (setf Top Top-lower))
((> Top Top-upper) (setf Top Top-upper)))
(setf old-mouse (host-mouse-position))
(setf new-mouse (copy-tree old-mouse))
;;(setq the-rgn (h-draw::set-rect-region
;; (h-draw::new-region) top-left bottom-right))
;;(rlet ((limit-rect
;; :rect
;; :topleft
;; (add-points limit-top-left
;; (subtract-points mouse-locn top-left))
;; :bottomright
;; (subtract-points limit-right-bottom
;; (subtract-points bottom-right mouse-locn)))
;; (slop-rect
;; :rect
;; :topleft (h-draw:make-point 0 0)
;; :bottomright (view-size canvas))
;; )
(with-focused-canvas canvas
(with-pen-values canvas NIL 1 :boole-xor
;; draw the rectangle
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
(ecase axis
(:both
(loop
;; until mouse button is released
(unless (mouse-down-p canvas) (return))
(unless (equal old-mouse new-mouse)
;; erase rectangle
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
;; update to get new one
(setf left (max left-lower
(min
(first new-mouse)
left-upper)))
(setf top (max top-lower
(min
(second new-mouse)
top-upper)))
;; draw it
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
;; slow down
(sleep 1/60)
;; update iteration
(setq old-mouse new-mouse))
(setq new-mouse (host-mouse-position))
)
;; Finally erase it.
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
)
(:x
(loop
;; until mouse button is released
(unless (mouse-down-p canvas) (return))
(unless (equal old-mouse new-mouse)
;; erase rectangle
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
;; update to get new one
(setf left (max left-lower
(min
(first new-mouse)
left-upper)))
;; draw it
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
;; slow down
(sleep 1/60)
;; update iteration
(setq old-mouse new-mouse))
(setq new-mouse (host-mouse-position))
)
;; Finally erase it.
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
)
(:y
(loop
;; until mouse button is released
(unless (mouse-down-p canvas) (return))
(unless (equal old-mouse new-mouse)
;; erase rectangle
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
;; update to get new one
(setf top (max top-lower
(min
(second new-mouse)
top-upper)))
;; draw it
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
;; slow down
(sleep 1/60)
;; update iteration
(setq old-mouse new-mouse))
(setq new-mouse (host-mouse-position))
)
;; Finally erase it.
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
)
(:none
(loop
;; until mouse button is released
(unless (mouse-down-p canvas) (return))
;; erase rectangle
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
;; slow down
(sleep 1/60)
;; draw it
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
;; slow down
(sleep 1/60)
)
)
)
;; Finally erase it.
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
)
)
(make-region left
(host-to-canvas-y canvas
(+ top height))
width height)
;;(format *terminal-io* "~&drag-region-on-canvas unimplemented in X~%")
;;(make-region (+ left 10) (- bottom 10) width height)
)))
(defun drag-region-on-screen
(canvas &key region left bottom (width 50) (height 50) (axis :both)
(limit-region NIL))
"With mouse already depressed, ~
drags a region around following mouse position. ~
If left or bottom are not provided, the mouse position is used instead. ~
Axis = :x or :y limits motion to x or y axis respectively, :none => no motion. ~
Returns a region."
(declare (special :boole-xor))
(unless limit-region (setf limit-region (screen-region)))
(multiple-value-setq (left bottom width height)
(calc-region canvas region left bottom width height))
(if (eql :none axis) ;allow no motion
(setq limit-region (make-region left bottom width height)))
(let* ((root-window
(third
(multiple-value-list
(xlib::global-pointer-position *default-display*))))
(old-mouse NIL)
(new-mouse NIL)
(top (screen-to-host-y (+ bottom height)))
(limit-left
(region-left limit-region))
(limit-top
(screen-to-host-y (region-top limit-region)))
(limit-bottom
(screen-to-host-y (region-bottom limit-region)))
(limit-right
(region-right limit-region))
(drawable root-window)
(gcontext (xlib:create-gcontext
:drawable drawable))
left-lower left-upper
;;right-lower right-upper
;;bottom-lower bottom-upper
top-lower top-upper
)
(flet ((host-mouse-position ()
(multiple-value-bind
(x y)
(xlib::global-pointer-position *default-display*)
(list x y)))
(screen-mouse-down-p ()
(multiple-value-bind
(a b c d state)
(xlib::query-pointer root-window)
(host-to-canvas-mouse-state state)))
)
;; Get width right
;;
(setf width (min width (- limit-right limit-left)))
;; Get height right
;;
(setf height (min height (- limit-bottom limit-top)))
;; bounds
;; Left
(setf left-lower limit-left)
(setf left-upper (max limit-left (- limit-right width)))
;; bounds
;; Right
;;(setf right-upper limit-right)
;;(setf right-lower (min limit-right (+ limit-left width)))
;; bounds
;; Top ... remember we're in the upside down host mode
(setf Top-lower limit-top)
(setf Top-upper (max limit-top (- limit-top height)))
;; bounds
;; Bottom ... remember we're in the upside down host mode
;;(setf bottom-upper limit-bottom)
;;(setf bottom-lower (min limit-bottom (+ limit-top height)))
;; starting position
;; Left
(cond
((< left left-lower) (setf left left-lower))
((> left left-upper) (setf left left-upper)))
;; starting position
;; Top
(cond
((< Top Top-lower) (setf Top Top-lower))
((> Top Top-upper) (setf Top Top-upper)))
(setf old-mouse (host-mouse-position))
(setf new-mouse (copy-tree old-mouse))
;;(setq the-rgn (h-draw::set-rect-region
;; (h-draw::new-region) top-left bottom-right))
;;(rlet ((limit-rect
;; :rect
;; :topleft
;; (add-points limit-top-left
;; (subtract-points mouse-locn top-left))
;; :bottomright
;; (subtract-points limit-right-bottom
;; (subtract-points bottom-right mouse-locn)))
;; (slop-rect
;; :rect
;; :topleft (h-draw:make-point 0 0)
;; :bottomright (view-size canvas))
;; )
(with-gcontext (gcontext :function boole-xor)
;; draw the rectangle
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
(ecase axis
(:both
(loop
;; until mouse button is released
(unless (screen-mouse-down-p) (return))
(unless (equal old-mouse new-mouse)
;; erase rectangle
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
;; update to get new one
(setf left (max left-lower
(min
(first new-mouse)
left-upper)))
(setf top (max top-lower
(min
(second new-mouse)
top-upper)))
;; draw it
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
;; slow down
(sleep 1/60)
;; update iteration
(setq old-mouse new-mouse))
(setq new-mouse (host-mouse-position))
)
;; Finally erase it.
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
)
(:x
(loop
;; until mouse button is released
(unless (screen-mouse-down-p) (return))
(unless (equal old-mouse new-mouse)
;; erase rectangle
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
;; update to get new one
(setf left (max left-lower
(min
(first new-mouse)
left-upper)))
;; draw it
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
;; slow down
(sleep 1/60)
;; update iteration
(setq old-mouse new-mouse))
(setq new-mouse (host-mouse-position))
)
;; Finally erase it.
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
)
(:y
(loop
;; until mouse button is released
(unless (screen-mouse-down-p) (return))
(unless (equal old-mouse new-mouse)
;; erase rectangle
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
;; update to get new one
(setf top (max top-lower
(min
(second new-mouse)
top-upper)))
;; draw it
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
;; slow down
(sleep 1/60)
;; update iteration
(setq old-mouse new-mouse))
(setq new-mouse (host-mouse-position))
)
;; Finally erase it.
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
)
(:none
(loop
;; until mouse button is released
(unless (screen-mouse-down-p) (return))
;; erase rectangle
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
;; slow down
(sleep 1/60)
;; draw it
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
;; slow down
(sleep 1/60)
)
)
)
;; Finally erase it.
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
)
(xlib:free-gcontext gcontext)
)
(make-region left
(host-to-screen-y (+ top height))
width height)
;;(format *terminal-io* "~&drag-region-on-canvas unimplemented in X~%")
;;(make-region (+ left 10) (- bottom 10) width height)
))
(defun select-rectangle (&key canvas (width 10) (height 10) limit-region)
"Mouse-selects a rectangle on the canvas by selecting in canvas and ~
sweeping out the region to be selected. ~
If no canvas is supplied the action is taken on the screen in ~
screen coordinates. ~
The rectangle selected is confined to limit-region ~
which defaults to the boundary of the canvas or screen. ~
Returns the region information as ~
multiple values (left bottom width height) in canvas ~
(or screen) coordinates."
(if canvas
(select-canvas-rect canvas width height limit-region)
(select-screen-rect width height limit-region)))
(defun select-canvas-rect (canvas &optional (width 0) (height 0)
limit-region)
"Mouse-selects a rectangle on the canvas by selecting in canvas and ~
sweeping out the region to be selected. ~
The rectangle selected is confined to limit-region ~
which defaults to the boundary of the canvas. ~
Returns the region information as ~
multiple values (left bottom width height) in canvas ~
coordinates."
(declare (special *gray-shade* :boole-xor))
;;(format *terminal-io* "~&select-canvas-rect not implemented in X~%")
;;(values 0 0 10 10)
(loop until (mouse-down-p canvas))
(let* ((anchor-point NIL)
(old-mouse NIL)
(new-mouse NIL)
(left NIL)
(top NIL)
(drawable (host-window canvas))
(gcontext (gcontext canvas)))
(flet ((host-mouse-position ()
(multiple-value-bind
(x y)
(xlib::pointer-position drawable)
(list x y)))
)
(setq limit-region (or limit-region (canvas-region canvas)))
(setf old-mouse (host-mouse-position))
(setf anchor-point
(list
(max (- (first old-mouse) width)
(region-left limit-region))
(max (- (second old-mouse) height)
(canvas-to-host-y canvas
(region-top limit-region)))
))
(setf new-mouse (copy-tree old-mouse))
(setf left (first anchor-point))
(setf top (second anchor-point))
(with-focused-canvas canvas
(with-pen-values canvas *gray-shade* 1 :boole-xor
;; draw the rectangle
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
(loop
(unless (mouse-down-p canvas) (return)) ;return when the mouse lets up
(unless (equal old-mouse new-mouse)
;; erase rectangle
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
;; update to get new one
(cond
((> (first new-mouse) (first anchor-point))
(setf left (first anchor-point))
(setf width (- (first new-mouse) left)))
(T
(setf left (first new-mouse))
(setf width (- (first anchor-point) left))))
(cond
((> (second new-mouse) (second anchor-point))
(setf top (second anchor-point))
(setf height (- (second new-mouse) top)))
(T
(setf top (second new-mouse))
(setf height (- (second anchor-point) top))))
;; draw it
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
;; slow down
;;(sleep 1/60)
;; update iteration
(setq old-mouse new-mouse))
(setq new-mouse (host-mouse-position))
)
;; Finally erase it.
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
)
)
(values left
(- (canvas-to-host-y canvas top) height)
;;(+ top height)
width height)
)))
(defun select-screen-rect ( &optional (width 50) (height 50) limit-region)
"Mouse-selects a rectangle on the screen by selecting a location on the~
screen with the mouse and ~
sweeping out the region to be selected.
The rectangle selected is confined to limit-region ~
which defaults to the boundary of the screen. ~
Returns the region information as ~
multiple values (left bottom width height) in ~
screen coordinates."
;;(format *terminal-io8 "~&select-screen-rec not implemented in X~%")
;;(values 0 0 10 10)
;;)
(let* ((root-window
(third
(multiple-value-list
(xlib::global-pointer-position *default-display*))))
(anchor-point NIL)
(old-mouse NIL)
(new-mouse NIL)
(left NIL)
(top NIL)
(drawable root-window)
(gcontext (xlib:create-gcontext
:drawable drawable))
)
(flet ((host-mouse-position ()
(multiple-value-bind
(x y)
(xlib::global-pointer-position *default-display*)
(list x y)))
(screen-mouse-down-p ()
(multiple-value-bind
(a b c d state)
(xlib::query-pointer root-window)
(host-to-canvas-mouse-state state)))
)
(setq limit-region (or limit-region (screen-region)))
(loop until (screen-mouse-down-p))
(setf old-mouse (host-mouse-position))
(setf anchor-point
(list
(max (- (screen-mouse-x) width)
(region-left limit-region))
(max (screen-to-host-y (+ (screen-mouse-y) height))
(screen-to-host-y (region-top limit-region)))
))
(setf new-mouse (copy-tree old-mouse))
(setf left (first anchor-point))
(setf top (second anchor-point))
(xlib:with-gcontext (gcontext :function boole-xor)
;; draw the rectangle
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
(loop
(unless (screen-mouse-down-p) (return)) ;return when the mouse lets up
(unless (equal old-mouse new-mouse)
;; erase rectangle
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
;; update to get new one
(cond
((> (first new-mouse) (first anchor-point))
(setf left (first anchor-point))
(setf width (- (first new-mouse) left)))
(T
(setf left (first new-mouse))
(setf width (- (first anchor-point) left))))
(cond
((> (second new-mouse) (second anchor-point))
(setf top (second anchor-point))
(setf height (- (second new-mouse) top)))
(T
(setf top (second new-mouse))
(setf height (- (second anchor-point) top))))
;; draw it
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
;; slow down
;;(sleep 1/60)
;; update iteration
(setq old-mouse new-mouse))
(setq new-mouse (host-mouse-position))
)
;; Finally erase it.
(xlib::draw-rectangle drawable gcontext
left top
width height
)
)
(xlib:free-gcontext gcontext)
(values left (- (screen-to-host-y top) height) width height)
))
)
(defun prompt-for-canvas (&rest args)
"Prompts user to sweep out a region on the screen to determine the ~
size and location of the canvas which will be returned."
;;(declare (special *box-cursor*))
(quail-print "Sweep out a region for the canvas with the mouse.")
;;(with-cursor *box-cursor*
(apply #'sweep-for-canvas args))
;;)
(defun sweep-for-canvas (&rest args)
"Sweep out a region on the screen to determine the ~
size and location of the canvas which will be returned."
(multiple-value-bind (left bottom width height)
(select-rectangle)
(apply #'make-canvas :left left :bottom bottom
:width width :height height
args)))
(defun reshape-canvas-rect (canvas rect &key (draw? t) limit-region (corner-width 10))
"Reshapes a rectangle on the canvas using the mouse ~
to relocate the corner of rectangle closest to the mouse. ~
The selected corner should be within corner-width ~
(horizontally and vertically) of the mouse location.~
The rectangle selected is confined to limit-region ~
which defaults to the boundary of the canvas. ~
Returns the region information as ~
multiple values (left bottom width height) in canvas ~
coordinates."
(let ((d corner-width)
mouse-x mouse-y
vl vb vr vt
fix-x fix-y move-x move-y)
(multiple-value-setq (vl vr vb vt) (region-bounds rect))
(if draw?
(draw-rect&corners canvas rect :corner-width d))
(loop until (mouse-down-p))
(setq mouse-x (mouse-x canvas) mouse-y (mouse-y canvas))
(if draw?
(erase-rect&corners canvas rect :corner-width d))
(if (< mouse-x (truncate (+ vl vr) 2))
(setq move-x vl fix-x vr)
(setq move-x vr fix-x vl))
(if (< mouse-y (truncate (+ vb vt) 2))
(setq move-y vb fix-y vt)
(setq move-y vt fix-y vb))
(if (and (< (abs (- mouse-x move-x)) d)
(< (abs (- mouse-y move-y)) d))
(select-rectangle :canvas canvas
:limit-region limit-region
:width (- mouse-x fix-x)
:height (- fix-y mouse-y )))))
| 31,433 | Common Lisp | .cl | 766 | 24.964752 | 110 | 0.458704 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | b1ffe71f329f7b1b0e28b1d7e082c9470ebb775c57b434cd47921c64e630afde | 32,804 | [
-1
] |
32,805 | canvas-regions-clx.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/canvas-regions/canvas-regions-clx.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; canvas-regions-mcl.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is part of the Window-Basics package intended to provide a uniform
;;; window environment for Common Lisp programming.
;;;
;;; For copyright information and history, see window-basics-copyright.lisp
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; G. Desvignes 1988,1989
;;; R.W. Oldford 1988-1992
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :window-basics)
#|
(defun display-rect (window)
"Returns the rectangle in which the display is drawn inside the window in ~
local coordinates."
(when (wptr window)
(let ((rgn (%get-ptr (rref (wptr window) :window.contRgn))))
(make-record :rect
:top 0
:left 0
:bottom (- (%get-signed-word rgn 6) (%get-signed-word rgn 2) 15)
:right (- (%get-signed-word rgn 8) (%get-signed-word rgn 4) 15)))))
(defun display-rect-right (display-rect)
(rref display-rect rect.right))
(defun display-rect-bottom (display-rect)
(rref display-rect rect.bottom))
|# | 1,479 | Common Lisp | .cl | 40 | 32 | 87 | 0.483075 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 571efc0564d4755590f9075c150a77a75465735dc508c60a6f1e1e341a3a6ebb | 32,805 | [
-1
] |
32,807 | drag-mcl.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/canvas-regions/drag-mcl.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; drag-mcl.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is part of the Window-Basics package intended to provide a uniform
;;; window environment for Common Lisp programming.
;;;
;;; For copyright information and history, see window-basics-copyright.lisp
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; H.A. Chipman 1991
;;; C.B. Hurley 1989-1992
;;; M.E. Lewis 1991
;;; J.A. McDonald 1988-89
;;; R.W. Oldford 1989-1992
;;; J.O. Pedersen 1988-89
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :wb)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(drag-region-on-canvas drag-region-on-screen
select-rectangle
select-canvas-rect select-screen-rect
prompt-for-canvas
sweep-for-canvas reshape-canvas-rect)))
(defun calc-region (canvas &optional region left bottom width height)
"Returns left bottom, width height as multiple values ~
if region is provided, its left bottom etc are used ~
if left or bottom are not provided, the mouse position is used instead."
(when region
(setq left (region-left region))
(setq bottom (region-bottom region))
(setq height (region-height region))
(setq width (region-width region)))
(setq left (or left (- (if canvas (mouse-x canvas) (screen-mouse-x)) width)))
(setq bottom (or bottom (if canvas (mouse-y canvas) (screen-mouse-y))))
(values left bottom width height))
(defun drag-region-on-canvas
(canvas &key region (limit-region (canvas-region canvas))
left bottom (width 50) (height 50) (axis :both))
"With mouse already depressed, ~
drags a region around following mouse position. ~
If left or bottom are not provided, the mouse position is used instead. ~
Axis = :x or :y limits motion to x or y axis respectively. ~
Returns a region."
(declare (special *gray-shade*))
(multiple-value-setq (left bottom width height)
(calc-region canvas region left bottom width height))
(if (eql :none axis) ;allow no motion
(setq limit-region (make-region left bottom width height)))
(setq axis
(ecase axis
(:both 0) (:x 1)
(:y 2) (:none 0)))
(let* ((mouse-locn (view-mouse-position (the-scroller canvas)))
(top-left (h-draw:make-point left (canvas-to-host-y canvas (+ bottom height))))
(bottom-right (add-points top-left (h-draw:make-point width height)))
result the-rgn
(limit-top-left
(h-draw:make-point (region-left limit-region)
(canvas-to-host-y canvas (region-top limit-region))))
(limit-right-bottom
(h-draw:make-point
(region-right limit-region)
(canvas-to-host-y canvas (region-bottom limit-region))))
(actionproc (%null-ptr)))
(setq the-rgn (h-draw::set-rect-region
(h-draw::new-region) top-left bottom-right))
(rlet ((limit-rect
:rect
:topleft
(add-points limit-top-left
(subtract-points mouse-locn top-left))
:bottomright
(subtract-points limit-right-bottom
(subtract-points bottom-right mouse-locn)))
(slop-rect
:rect
:topleft (h-draw:make-point 0 0)
:bottomright (view-size canvas))
)
(with-pen-values canvas *gray-shade* 1 NIL
(setq result
(with-focused-canvas canvas
(#_DragGrayRgn :ptr the-rgn
:long mouse-locn
:ptr limit-rect
:ptr slop-rect
:word axis
:ptr actionproc :long)
))))
(dispose-record the-rgn)
(make-region (+ left (h-draw:point-x result))
(- bottom (h-draw:point-y result))
width height))
)
(defun drag-region-on-screen
(canvas &key region left bottom (width 50) (height 50) (axis :both)
(limit-region (screen-region)))
"With mouse already depressed, ~
drags a region around following mouse position. ~
If left or bottom are not provided, the mouse position is used instead. ~
Axis = :x or :y limits motion to x or y axis respectively, :none => no motion. ~
Returns a region."
(declare (special *gray-shade*))
(multiple-value-setq (left bottom width height)
(calc-region canvas region left bottom width height))
(setq left (+ left (screen-x canvas)))
(setq bottom (+ bottom (screen-y canvas)))
(if (eql :none axis) ;allow no motion
(setq limit-region (make-region left bottom width height)))
(setq axis
(ecase axis
(:both 0) (:x 1)
(:y 2) (:none 0)))
(let* ((mouse-locn (h-draw:make-point (screen-mouse-x)
(screen-to-host-y (screen-mouse-y))))
(top-left (h-draw:make-point left (screen-to-host-y (+ bottom height) )
))
(bottom-right (add-points top-left (h-draw:make-point width height)))
(limit-top-left
(h-draw:make-point (region-left limit-region)
(screen-to-host-y (region-top limit-region) )))
(limit-right-bottom
(h-draw:make-point
(region-right limit-region)
(screen-to-host-y (region-bottom limit-region) )))
result the-rgn
(screen (screen-port))
(actionproc (%null-ptr)))
(setq the-rgn (h-draw::set-rect-region
(h-draw::new-region) top-left bottom-right))
(rlet ((limit-rect
:rect
:topleft limit-top-left
:bottomright limit-right-bottom)
(slop-rect
:rect
:topleft (h-draw:make-point 0 0)
:bottomright (h-draw:make-point (screen-width) (screen-height)) )
)
(rset screen windowRecord.pnPat *gray-pattern*)
(setq result
(with-port screen
(#_DragGrayRgn
:ptr the-rgn
:long mouse-locn
:ptr limit-rect
:ptr slop-rect
:word axis
:ptr actionproc :long) )))
(dispose-record the-rgn)
(make-region (+ left (h-draw:point-x result))
(- bottom (h-draw:point-y result))
width height)
)
)
(defun select-rectangle (&key canvas (width 10) (height 10) limit-region)
"Mouse-selects a rectangle on the canvas by selecting in canvas and ~
sweeping out the region to be selected. ~
If no canvas is supplied the action is taken on the screen in ~
screen coordinates. ~
The rectangle selected is confined to limit-region ~
which defaults to the boundary of the canvas or screen. ~
Returns the region information as ~
multiple values (left bottom width height) in canvas ~
(or screen) coordinates."
(if canvas
(select-canvas-rect canvas width height limit-region)
(select-screen-rect width height limit-region)))
(defun select-canvas-rect (canvas &optional (width 0) (height 0)
limit-region)
"Mouse-selects a rectangle on the canvas by selecting in canvas and ~
sweeping out the region to be selected. ~
The rectangle selected is confined to limit-region ~
which defaults to the boundary of the canvas. ~
Returns the region information as ~
multiple values (left bottom width height) in canvas ~
coordinates."
(declare (special *gray-shade* :boole-xor))
(setq limit-region (or limit-region (canvas-region canvas)))
(loop until (mouse-down-p))
(let* ((anchor-point
(h-draw:make-point (- (mouse-x canvas) width)
(canvas-to-host-y canvas (+ (mouse-y canvas) height))))
(old-mouse (view-mouse-position canvas))
(new-mouse old-mouse)
(limit-top-left
(h-draw:make-point (region-left limit-region)
(canvas-to-host-y canvas (region-top limit-region))))
(limit-right-bottom
(h-draw:make-point
(region-right limit-region)
(canvas-to-host-y canvas (region-bottom limit-region)))))
(rlet ((r :rect)
(limit-rect
:rect
:topleft limit-top-left
:bottomright limit-right-bottom))
(setq new-mouse
(#_pinrect :ptr limit-rect :long new-mouse))
(setq anchor-point
(#_pinrect :ptr limit-rect :long anchor-point))
(with-focused-canvas canvas
(with-pen-values canvas *gray-shade* 1 :boole-xor
(#_pt2rect :long anchor-point :long new-mouse :ptr r)
(#_FrameRect :ptr r)
(loop
(unless (mouse-down-p) (return)) ;return when the mouse lets up
(unless (eq old-mouse new-mouse)
(#_FrameRect :ptr r)
(#_pt2rect :long anchor-point :long new-mouse :ptr r)
(#_FrameRect :ptr r)
(sleep 1/60)
(setq old-mouse new-mouse))
(setq new-mouse (view-mouse-position (the-scroller canvas)))
(setq new-mouse
(#_pinrect :ptr limit-rect :long new-mouse)))
(#_FrameRect :ptr r)
)
)
(values (rref r rect.left)
(canvas-to-host-y canvas (rref r rect.bottom))
(- (rref r rect.right) (rref r rect.left))
(- (rref r rect.bottom) (rref r rect.top)))
)))
(defun select-screen-rect ( &optional (width 50) (height 50) limit-region)
"Mouse-selects a rectangle on the screen by selecting a location on the~
screen with the mouse and ~
sweeping out the region to be selected. ~
The rectangle selected is confined to limit-region ~
which defaults to the boundary of the screen. ~
Returns the region information as ~
multiple values (left bottom width height) in ~
screen coordinates."
(setq limit-region (or limit-region (screen-region)))
(loop until (mouse-down-p))
(let* ((anchor-point
(h-draw:make-point (- (screen-mouse-x) width)
(screen-to-host-y (+ (screen-mouse-y) height))))
(old-mouse
(h-draw:make-point (screen-mouse-x)
(screen-to-host-y (screen-mouse-y))))
(wptr (screen-port))
(new-mouse old-mouse)
(limit-top-left
(h-draw:make-point (region-left limit-region)
(screen-to-host-y (region-top limit-region) )))
(limit-right-bottom
(h-draw:make-point
(region-right limit-region)
(screen-to-host-y (region-bottom limit-region) ))))
(rlet ((r :rect)
(limit-rect
:rect
:topleft limit-top-left
:bottomright limit-right-bottom)
(old-pen-state :penstate))
(setq new-mouse
(#_pinrect :ptr limit-rect :long new-mouse))
(setq anchor-point
(#_pinrect :ptr limit-rect :long anchor-point))
(with-port wptr
(#_GetPenState :ptr old-pen-state)
(#_PenMode :word (position :patXor *pen-modes*))
(rset wptr windowRecord.pnPat *gray-pattern*)
(#_pt2rect :long anchor-point :long new-mouse :ptr r)
(#_FrameRect :ptr r))
(loop
(unless (mouse-down-p) (return)) ;return when the mouse lets up
(unless (eq old-mouse new-mouse)
(with-port wptr
(#_FrameRect :ptr r)
(#_pt2rect :long anchor-point :long new-mouse :ptr r)
(#_FrameRect :ptr r)
(sleep 1/60)
(setq old-mouse new-mouse))
)
(setq new-mouse
(h-draw:make-point (screen-mouse-x)
(screen-to-host-y (screen-mouse-y))))
(setq new-mouse
(#_pinrect :ptr limit-rect :long new-mouse)))
(with-port wptr
(#_FrameRect :ptr r)
(#_SetPenState :ptr old-pen-state))
(values (rref r rect.left)
(screen-to-host-y (rref r rect.bottom))
(- (rref r rect.right) (rref r rect.left))
(- (rref r rect.bottom) (rref r rect.top)))
)))
(defun prompt-for-canvas (&rest args)
"Prompts user to sweep out a region on the screen to determine the ~
size and location of the canvas which will be returned."
;;(declare (special *box-cursor*))
(quail-print "Sweep out a region for the canvas with the mouse.")
;;(with-cursor *box-cursor*
(apply #'sweep-for-canvas args))
;;)
(defun sweep-for-canvas (&rest args)
"Sweep out a region on the screen to determine the ~
size and location of the canvas which will be returned."
(multiple-value-bind (left bottom width height)
(select-rectangle)
(apply #'make-canvas :left left :bottom bottom
:width width :height height
args)))
(defun reshape-canvas-rect (canvas rect &key (draw? t) limit-region (corner-width 10))
"Reshapes a rectangle on the canvas using the mouse ~
to relocate the corner of rectangle closest to the mouse. ~
The selected corner should be within corner-width ~
(horizontally and vertically) of the mouse location.~
The rectangle selected is confined to limit-region ~
which defaults to the boundary of the canvas. ~
Returns the region information as ~
multiple values (left bottom width height) in canvas ~
coordinates."
(let ((d corner-width)
mouse-x mouse-y
vl vb vr vt
fix-x fix-y move-x move-y)
(multiple-value-setq (vl vr vb vt) (region-bounds rect))
(if draw?
(draw-rect&corners canvas rect :corner-width d))
(loop until (mouse-down-p))
(setq mouse-x (mouse-x canvas) mouse-y (mouse-y canvas))
(if draw?
(erase-rect&corners canvas rect :corner-width d))
(if (< mouse-x (truncate (+ vl vr) 2))
(setq move-x vl fix-x vr)
(setq move-x vr fix-x vl))
(if (< mouse-y (truncate (+ vb vt) 2))
(setq move-y vb fix-y vt)
(setq move-y vt fix-y vb))
(if (and (< (abs (- mouse-x move-x)) d)
(< (abs (- mouse-y move-y)) d))
(select-rectangle :canvas canvas
:limit-region limit-region
:width (- mouse-x fix-x)
:height (- fix-y mouse-y )))))
| 15,076 | Common Lisp | .cl | 347 | 33.253602 | 110 | 0.570207 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | d2b56e7935af058063123d60c31ecee0868d32ee90e52dca721380b83f7ee92a | 32,807 | [
-1
] |
32,808 | menu-canvas-clx.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/menus/menu-canvas-clx.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; menu-canvas-clx.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is part of the Window-Basics package intended to provide a uniform
;;; window environment for Common Lisp programming.
;;;
;;; For copyright information and history, see window-basics-copyright.lisp
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; N.G. Bennett 1993
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;---------------------------------------------------------------------
;;; The story:
;;;
;;; Want various hierarchical menus to be associated with a canvas.
;;; These will pop-up in response to certain mouse-events while the
;;; mouse is over either the title-bar of the canvas, or over the
;;; body of the canvas.
;;;
;;; This file (and others specialized for each CL) contains those
;;; functions which attach menus to, and select menus from, a canvas.
;;;
;;; -------------------------------------------------------------------
;;;
;;; Author(s):
;;; [email protected]
;;;
;;; The model is described in menu-canvas. Menus are described in
;;; menu & menu-mcl.
;;;
(in-package :wb)
(defun release-menu-space (menu)
(destroy-menu menu))
(defmethod set-up-title-menus ((canvas menu-canvas)
&key
(title-left "Information")
(title-middle "Edit-display")
(title-right "Canvas")
(title-ctrl-left "")
(title-ctrl-middle "")
(title-ctrl-right "")
(menu-type :pop-up)
(when-selected-fn #'default-when-selected-fn))
(declare (ignore menu-type))
(install-title-menus canvas
:menu-type :pop-up
:title-left title-left
:title-middle title-middle
:title-right title-right
:title-ctrl-left title-ctrl-left
:title-ctrl-middle title-ctrl-middle
:title-ctrl-right title-ctrl-right
:when-selected-fn when-selected-fn)
(install-menu-bar canvas)
;; THe following pops the window at doesn't really belong here
;; But the menus must be installed *before* the window is mapped.
(xlib:map-window (host-window canvas)))
| 2,736 | Common Lisp | .cl | 66 | 31.848485 | 86 | 0.472892 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 1a785dd97b2d0df4099e08b606f3cd48a5eb278e37c455b4f01237dcca6ab364 | 32,808 | [
-1
] |
32,809 | menu-clx.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/menus/menu-clx.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; menu-clx.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is part of the Window-Basics package intended to provide a uniform
;;; window environment for Common Lisp programming.
;;;
;;; For copyright information and history, see window-basics-copyright.lisp
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; N.G. Bennett 1993
;;; R.W. Oldford 1994
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :wb)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(make-menu wb-pop-up-menu destroy-menu set-menu-fns menu-p put-menu-prop
get-menu-prop installed-p menu select-in-menu get-menu-item
disable-menu-item enable-menu-item check-menu-item
set-menu-item-string)))
;;; --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;;;
;;; Hierarchical pop-up menus
;;;
;;; --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;;; First set up a slot so that each menu-item knows which menu it belongs to.
;;;
(defclass wb-menu ()
((title :initform "Choose an Item" :accessor title-of)
(title-width :initform 0
:accessor title-width-of)
(type :initform NIL :accessor menu-type)
(user-properties :initarg :user-properites
:initform nil
:accessor user-properties-of)
(sub-item-fn :initarg :sub-item-fn
:initform #'default-sub-item-fn
:accessor sub-item-fn-of)
(when-held-fn :initarg :when-held-fn
:initform #'default-when-held-fn
:accessor when-held-fn-of)
(when-unheld-fn :initarg :when-unheld-fn
:initform #'default-when-unheld-fn
:accessor when-unheld-fn-of)
(when-selected-fn :initarg :when-selected-fn
:initform #'default-when-selected-fn
:accessor when-selected-fn-of)
(items :initarg :items
:initform NIL
:accessor items-of
:documentation "The list of menu items." )
(super-menu :accessor super-menu-of
:initarg :super-menu
:initform NIL
:documentation
"The menu which contains this menu ~
(or menu-item), if any.")
(sub-menus :initform NIL
:accessor sub-menus-of)
(message :initform NIL
:accessor message-of)
(window :initform NIL
:accessor window-of)
(gcontext :initform NIL
:accessor gcontext-of)
(width :initform 0
:accessor width-of)
(enabled :initform T
:accessor enabled-p)
(checked-item :initform NIL
:accessor checked-item-p)
(item-window :initform NIL
:accessor item-window-of)
(sub-menus-alist :initform NIL
:accessor sub-menus-alist-of)))
(defmethod initialize-instance :after ((self wb-menu)
&key
sub-item-fn
when-selected-fn
when-held-fn
when-unheld-fn
(title NIL)
(type :pop-up)
(font *default-menu-font*)
(item-parent NIL)
(super-menu NIL)
&allow-other-keys)
(declare (special *default-menu-font*))
(let* ((display *default-display*)
(parent-window
(if super-menu
(parent-of (window-of super-menu))
(xlib::screen-root (xlib::display-default-screen display))))
(colormap (xlib::window-colormap parent-window))
(black (xlib::alloc-color colormap *black-color*))
(grey (xlib::alloc-color colormap *grey-color*)))
(setf (xlib::window-event-mask parent-window)
(logior (xlib::window-event-mask parent-window)
(xlib::make-event-mask :substructure-notify)))
;;(unless (xlib::display-after-function display)
;; (setf (xlib::display-after-function display) #'xlib::display-finish-output))
(setf
(menu-type self) type
(title-of self) (if (stringp title) title (format nil "~a" title))
(super-menu-of self) super-menu
(gcontext-of self)
(if super-menu
(gcontext-of super-menu)
(xlib::create-gcontext :drawable parent-window
:foreground black
:background grey
:font (canvas-font-to-host-font font)))
(window-of self)
(xlib::create-window :parent parent-window
:x 0 :y 0 :width 16 :height 16
:background grey :colormap colormap
:override-redirect :on
:border-width 2
:event-mask (xlib::make-event-mask
:button-press
:button-release
:visibility-change
:exposure
:owner-grab-button
:structure-notify
))
(xlib:window-plist (window-of self))
(acons :wb-class-instance self (xlib:window-plist (window-of self))))
(unless item-parent (setf item-parent (window-of self)))
(setf
(item-window-of self)
(xlib::create-window :parent item-parent
:x 0 :y 0 :width 16 :height 16
:background grey :colormap colormap
:event-mask (xlib::make-event-mask
:enter-window
:leave-window
:button-press
:button-release
:structure-notify
:owner-grab-button))
(xlib:window-plist (item-window-of self))
(acons :wb-class-instance self (xlib:window-plist (item-window-of self)))
(title-width-of self)
(xlib::text-extents (xlib::gcontext-font
(gcontext-of self))
(title-of self)))
(set-menu-fns self
:selected when-selected-fn
:held when-held-fn
:unheld when-unheld-fn
:sub-item sub-item-fn)
self))
(defun set-menu-fns (menu
&key
(selected nil)
(held nil)
(unheld nil)
(sub-item nil))
(if (and selected (functionp selected))
(setf (when-selected-fn-of menu) selected))
(if (and held (functionp held))
(setf (when-held-fn-of menu) held))
(if (and unheld (functionp unheld))
(setf (when-unheld-fn-of menu) unheld))
(if (and sub-item (functionp sub-item))
(setf (sub-item-fn-of menu) sub-item)))
(defun menu-p (menu)
(typep menu 'wb-menu))
(defun put-menu-prop (menu property value)
"Stores value on property of menu"
(setf (user-properties-of menu)
(acons property value (user-properties-of menu))))
(defun get-menu-prop (menu property)
"Returns the value associated with the property on menu"
(cdr (assoc property (user-properties-of menu))))
;;; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;;;
;;; Modifying the menu appearance
;;;
;;; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(defun get-menu-item (menu item-string)
(second (find item-string
(sub-menus-alist-of menu)
:test #'(lambda (x y) (string= x (title-of y)))
:key #'cadr)))
(defun disable-menu-item (menu item-string)
"Disables the menu item identified by item-string."
(let ((item (get-menu-item menu item-string)))
(if item
(menu-item-disable item))))
(defun menu-item-disable (item)
(setf (enabled-p item) NIL))
(defun enable-menu-item (menu item-string)
"Enables the menu item identified by item-string."
(let ((item (get-menu-item menu item-string)))
(if item
(menu-item-enable item))))
(defun menu-item-enable (item)
(setf (enabled-p item) T))
(defun check-menu-item (menu item-string &optional (check? nil) )
"Places a check-char beside item identified by item-string ~
if check-char is nil then check mark is removed. ~
if check-char is t a default check mark is used."
(let ((sub-menu (get-menu-item menu item-string)))
(when sub-menu (setf (checked-item-p sub-menu) check?))))
(defun set-menu-item-string (menu item-string new-string)
"Changes the string for the menu item currently ~
identified by item-string to new-string."
(let ((item (get-menu-item menu item-string)))
(when item
(setf (title-of item) new-string)
(menu-compute-geometry (super-menu-of item))
(menu-compute-geometry item))))
(defun item-message (item)
(if (message-of item)
(message-of item)
"This item will be selected when the button is released."))
(defun menu-set-items (menu &rest items)
(let ((item-list NIL)
(sub-menus-alist NIL))
(dolist (item items)
(let* ((item-menu
(make-instance 'wb-menu
:title (first item)
:super-menu menu
:item-parent (window-of menu)
:when-selected-fn (when-selected-fn-of menu)
:when-held-fn (when-held-fn-of menu)
:when-unheld-fn (when-unheld-fn-of menu)
:sub-item-fn (sub-item-fn-of menu)
:items item
:type :pop-up
:message (third item)))
(item-window (item-window-of item-menu)))
(push item-menu item-list)
(push (list item-window item-menu) sub-menus-alist)
(when (and (> (length item) 4) (eq (fourth item) :sub-items))
(nconc sub-menus-alist (apply #'menu-set-items item-menu (fifth item))))
(setf (sub-menus-of menu) (reverse item-list))
(menu-compute-geometry menu)))
sub-menus-alist))
(defparameter *menu-item-margin* 4)
(defvar *check-box-width* 10)
(defvar *sub-menu-triangle-width* 10)
(defvar *menu-space* 2)
(defun max-item-width (menu)
(declare (special *menu-space*
*check-box-width*
*sub-menu-triangle-width*
*menu-border-width*))
(let ((sub-menus (sub-menus-of menu))
(max-width (title-width-of menu)))
(dolist (item sub-menus)
(setf max-width (max max-width (title-width-of item))))
(+ *menu-border-width*
*menu-space*
*check-box-width*
*menu-space*
max-width
*menu-space*
*sub-menu-triangle-width*
*menu-space*
*menu-border-width*)))
(defun update-item-window (item height width next-left next-top)
(let ((window (item-window-of item)))
(xlib::with-state (window)
(setf (xlib::drawable-height window) height
(xlib::drawable-width window) width
(xlib::drawable-x window) next-left
(xlib::drawable-y window) next-top))))
(defvar *3d-menus* NIL "Variable determining whether menu items are to be flat or 3d")
(defvar *menu-border-width* 2)
(defun menu-downlight (item)
(declare (special *3d-menus* *menu-border-width*))
(if *3d-menus*
(let* ((drawable (item-window-of item))
(gcontext (gcontext-of item))
(width (xlib::drawable-width drawable))
(height (xlib::drawable-height drawable))
(colormap (xlib::window-colormap (window-of item)))
(light-gray (xlib::alloc-color colormap *light-gray-color*))
(dark-gray (xlib::alloc-color colormap *dark-gray-color*))
(line-width *menu-border-width*)
(lw/2 (round line-width 2))
(left-x 0)
(top-y 1)
(bottom-y (- height lw/2))
)
;; Left and Top of menu item box
(xlib:with-gcontext (gcontext :foreground light-gray :line-width line-width)
(xlib:draw-lines drawable gcontext
(list left-x bottom-y
left-x top-y
right-x top-y )))
;; Bottom and right of menu item box
(xlib:with-gcontext (gcontext :foreground dark-gray :line-width line-width)
(xlib:draw-lines drawable gcontext
(list right-x (+ top-y lw/2)
right-x bottom-y
(+ left-x lw/2) bottom-y)))
)
(let* ((window (item-window-of item))
(gcontext (gcontext-of item))
(width (- (xlib::drawable-width window) *menu-border-width*))
(height (- (xlib::drawable-height window) *menu-border-width*))
(back (xlib:gcontext-background gcontext))
)
(xlib::with-gcontext (gcontext :line-width *menu-border-width* :foreground back)
(xlib::draw-rectangle window gcontext 0 0
width height)))
))
(defun menu-highlight (item)
(declare (special *3d-menus* *menu-border-width*))
(if *3d-menus*
(let* ((drawable (item-window-of item))
(gcontext (gcontext-of item))
(width (xlib::drawable-width drawable))
(height (xlib::drawable-height drawable))
(colormap (xlib::window-colormap (window-of item)))
(light-gray (xlib::alloc-color colormap *light-gray-color*))
(dark-gray (xlib::alloc-color colormap *dark-gray-color*))
(line-width *menu-border-width*)
(lw/2 (round line-width 2))
(left-x 0)
(top-y 1)
(bottom-y (- height lw/2))
)
;; Left and top of menu item box
(xlib:with-gcontext (gcontext :foreground dark-gray :line-width line-width)
(xlib:draw-lines drawable gcontext
(list left-x bottom-y
left-x top-y
right-x top-y )))
;; Bottom and right of menu item box
(xlib:with-gcontext (gcontext :foreground light-gray :line-width line-width)
(xlib:draw-lines drawable gcontext
(list right-x (+ top-y lw/2)
right-x bottom-y
(+ left-x lw/2) bottom-y)))
)
(let* ((window (item-window-of item))
(gcontext (gcontext-of item))
(width (- (xlib::drawable-width window) *menu-border-width*))
(height (- (xlib::drawable-height window) *menu-border-width*)))
(xlib::with-gcontext (gcontext :line-width *menu-border-width*)
(xlib::draw-rectangle window gcontext 0 0 width height)))
)
)
(defun menu-refresh (menu)
(declare (special *menu-space*
*check-box-width*
*sub-menu-triangle-width*
*menu-border-width*))
(let* ((window (window-of menu))
(gcontext (gcontext-of menu))
(title-x (round (- (width-of menu)
(title-width-of menu))
2))
(baseline-y (+ (xlib::font-ascent
(xlib::gcontext-font gcontext))
*menu-item-margin*)))
(unless (eq (menu-type menu) :title)
(xlib::draw-image-glyphs
window gcontext title-x baseline-y
(title-of menu)))
(dolist (sub-menu (sub-menus-of menu))
(let* ((x (+ *menu-border-width* *menu-space*))
(drawable (item-window-of sub-menu))
(text (title-of sub-menu))
(height (xlib::drawable-height drawable))
(width (xlib:drawable-width drawable))
)
(if ;;(and
(enabled-p sub-menu)
;;*3d-menus*)
(menu-downlight sub-menu))
(if (checked-item-p sub-menu)
;; draw a check mark and move x over.
(let* ((check-mark-arm-length (round height 3))
(left-y (- baseline-y check-mark-arm-length))
(right-y (- left-y (* 2 check-mark-arm-length)))
(middle-x (+ x (round *check-box-width* 2)))
(right-x (+ x *check-box-width*)))
(xlib:draw-lines drawable gcontext
(list x left-y
middle-x baseline-y
right-x right-y))
))
(setf x (+ x *check-box-width* *menu-space*))
(if (string-equal "-" text)
(let ((y (round (/ (xlib::drawable-height drawable) 2)))
(right-x (- (xlib:drawable-width drawable)
*menu-space*
*sub-menu-triangle-width*
*menu-space*
*menu-border-width*)))
(xlib:draw-line drawable gcontext x y right-x y)
(menu-item-disable sub-menu)
)
(xlib::draw-image-glyphs
drawable
gcontext x baseline-y
text))
(if (sub-menus-of sub-menu)
(case (menu-type menu)
(:title
;; Point arrow down
(let* ((right-x (- width *menu-space* *menu-border-width*))
(left-x (- right-x *sub-menu-triangle-width*))
(top-y (- height baseline-y))
(middle-x (+ left-x (round *sub-menu-triangle-width* 2))))
(xlib:draw-lines drawable gcontext
(list left-x top-y
right-x top-y
middle-x baseline-y
left-x top-y)
:fill-p T
:shape :convex)))
(otherwise
;; Point arrow right
(let* ((right-x (- width *menu-space* *menu-border-width*))
(left-x (- right-x *sub-menu-triangle-width*))
(top-y (- height baseline-y))
(right-y (round height 2)))
(xlib:draw-lines drawable gcontext
(list left-x baseline-y
right-x right-y
left-x top-y
left-x baseline-y)
:fill-p T
:shape :convex)))
))
))))
(defmethod wb-refresh ((self wb-menu))
(menu-refresh self))
(defun find-item-menu (window menu)
(second (assoc window (sub-menus-alist-of menu))))
(defun find-menu (window menu)
(second (find window
(sub-menus-alist-of menu)
:test #'(lambda (x y) (eq x (window-of y)))
:key #'cadr)))
(defmethod parent-of ((self xlib::window))
(multiple-value-bind
(children parent)
(xlib::query-tree self)
(declare (ignore children))
parent))
(defmethod parent-of ((self wb-menu))
(multiple-value-bind (children parent)
(xlib::query-tree (item-window-of self))
(declare (ignore children))
parent))
(defun recurse-unmap-children (menu)
(xlib:unmap-subwindows (window-of menu)))
#|
(dolist (item (sub-menus-of menu))
(when (sub-menus-of item)
(recurse-unmap-children item))
;;(format t "Unmapping Window of Menu with Title: ~a~%" (title-of item))
(when (eq (xlib::window-map-state (window-of item)) :viewable)
(xlib::unmap-window (window-of item)))))
|#
(defun shutdown-menu (menu)
(dolist (thing (sub-menus-of menu))
(when (eq (xlib::window-map-state (window-of thing))
:viewable)
(shutdown-menu thing)
))
(menu-downlight menu)
(xlib::unmap-window (window-of menu)))
(defun unmap-submenus (menu)
(dolist (submenu (sub-menus-of menu))
(when (eq (xlib::window-map-state (window-of submenu)) :viewable)
(unmap-submenus submenu)
(menu-downlight submenu)
(xlib::unmap-window (window-of submenu))))
)
(defun destroy-menu (menu)
(declare (ignore menu))
(dolist (submenu (sub-menus-of menu))
(destroy-menu submenu))
(let ((w (window-of menu)))
(xlib::destroy-subwindows w)
(xlib::destroy-window w)))
(defun mouse-in-item-p (item)
(multiple-value-bind (x y) (xlib::pointer-position (item-window-of item))
(and (<= x (xlib::drawable-width (item-window-of item)))
(<= y (xlib::drawable-height (item-window-of item)))
(>= x 0)
(>= y 0))))
(defun menu-present (menu &optional position)
(let ((window (window-of menu))
x y)
(if position
(setf x (aref position 0)
y (aref position 1))
(if (eq (menu-type menu) :title)
(setf x 0
y 0)
(multiple-value-setq (x y)
(xlib::global-pointer-position
(xlib::drawable-display window)))))
(xlib::with-state (window)
(setf (xlib::drawable-x window) x
(xlib::drawable-y window) y))
(xlib::map-window window)))
(defun place-item-sub-menu (item)
(let* ((sm (super-menu-of item))
position)
(setf
position
(case (menu-type sm)
(:pop-up
(let* ((window (item-window-of item))
(parent (parent-of window)))
(make-position
(+ (xlib::drawable-x parent)
(xlib::drawable-width parent)
*menu-item-margin*)
(+ (xlib::drawable-y parent)
(xlib::drawable-y window))))
)
(:title
(let* ((menu-bar-window (window-of sm))
(menu-item-window (item-window-of item))
(host-window (parent-of menu-bar-window)))
(make-position
(+ (xlib::drawable-x menu-bar-window)
(xlib::drawable-x menu-item-window)
(xlib::drawable-x host-window))
(+ (xlib::drawable-y menu-bar-window)
(xlib::drawable-y menu-item-window)
(xlib::drawable-y host-window)
(xlib::drawable-height menu-bar-window)
*menu-item-margin*)))
)
(otherwise
(let* ((window (item-window-of item))
(parent (parent-of window)))
(make-position
(+ (xlib::drawable-x parent)
(xlib::drawable-width parent)
)
(+ (xlib::drawable-y parent)
(xlib::drawable-y window)
;;(xlib::drawable-height parent)
*menu-item-margin*))))
)
)
(menu-present item position)))
(defun menu (menu &optional position)
(menu-present menu position)
(xlib::display-finish-output
(xlib::drawable-display (window-of menu))))
(defun menu-compute-geometry (menu)
(case (menu-type menu)
(:pop-up
(let* ((menu-font (xlib::gcontext-font (gcontext-of menu)))
(sub-menus (sub-menus-of menu))
menu-width)
(setf menu-width (+ (max-item-width menu)
*menu-item-margin* *menu-item-margin*))
(let ((delta-y (+ (xlib::font-ascent menu-font)
(xlib::font-descent menu-font)
*menu-item-margin* *menu-item-margin*)))
(xlib::with-state ((window-of menu))
(setf (xlib::drawable-width (window-of menu)) menu-width
(xlib::drawable-height (window-of menu))
(+ 2 (* (+ 1 (length sub-menus)) delta-y))))
(let ((next-item-top delta-y))
(dolist (item sub-menus)
(update-item-window item delta-y
(- menu-width 4) 0 next-item-top)
(incf next-item-top delta-y))))
(xlib::map-subwindows (window-of menu))
(setf (width-of menu) menu-width))
)
(:title
(let* ((menu-font (xlib::gcontext-font (gcontext-of menu)))
(item-height (+ (xlib::font-ascent menu-font)
(xlib::font-descent menu-font)
*menu-item-margin*
*menu-item-margin*))
(sub-menus-width NIL)
(sub-menus (sub-menus-of menu))
menu-width item-width)
(setf item-width (+ (* *menu-item-margin* 2)
(max-item-width menu))
sub-menus-width (* item-width (length sub-menus))
menu-width (+ sub-menus-width
(* *menu-item-margin* 4)))
(let ((delta-x (+ item-width *menu-item-margin*)))
(xlib::with-state ((window-of menu))
(setf (xlib::drawable-width (window-of menu)) menu-width
(xlib::drawable-height (window-of menu)) item-height))
(let ((item-left *menu-item-margin*))
(dolist (next-item sub-menus)
(update-item-window next-item
item-height item-width item-left 0)
(incf item-left delta-x))))
(xlib::map-subwindows (window-of menu))
(setf (width-of menu) menu-width))
)
(otherwise ;; the old way
(let* ((menu-font (xlib::gcontext-font (gcontext-of menu)))
(item-height (+ (xlib::font-ascent menu-font)
(xlib::font-descent menu-font)
*menu-item-margin*
*menu-item-margin*))
(sub-menus-width NIL)
(sub-menus (sub-menus-of menu))
menu-width item-width)
(setf item-width (+ (* *menu-item-margin* 2)
(max-item-width menu))
sub-menus-width (* item-width (length sub-menus))
menu-width (+ sub-menus-width
(* *menu-item-margin* 4)))
(let ((delta-x (+ item-width *menu-item-margin*)))
(xlib::with-state ((window-of menu))
(setf (xlib::drawable-width (window-of menu)) menu-width
(xlib::drawable-height (window-of menu)) item-height))
(let ((item-left *menu-item-margin*))
(dolist (next-item sub-menus)
(update-item-window next-item
item-height item-width item-left 0)
(incf item-left delta-x))))
(xlib::map-subwindows (window-of menu))
(setf (width-of menu) menu-width))
)))
(defun make-menu
(&key items
sub-item-fn
when-selected-fn
when-held-fn
when-unheld-fn
(title NIL)
(font *default-menu-font*)
(change-offset-fn NIL)
(menu-type :pop-up)
&aux menu ;;display
)
(declare (ignore change-offset-fn)
(special *default-menu-font*))
(setf menu (make-instance 'wb-menu
:title title
:type menu-type
:font font
:items items))
(set-menu-fns menu :selected when-selected-fn
:held when-held-fn
:unheld when-unheld-fn
:sub-item sub-item-fn)
(setf (sub-menus-alist-of menu) (apply #'menu-set-items menu items))
(push (list (item-window-of menu) menu) (sub-menus-alist-of menu))
menu)
| 28,515 | Common Lisp | .cl | 662 | 30.220544 | 138 | 0.510032 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 31fc80d60b9f697b06f74febc7a6da63cbc04eb3784ac1a20a5b730b1541b346 | 32,809 | [
-1
] |
32,810 | menu-canvas-clx.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/menus/test/menu-canvas-clx.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; menu-canvas-clx.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is part of the Window-Basics package intended to provide a uniform
;;; window environment for Common Lisp programming.
;;;
;;; For copyright information and history, see window-basics-copyright.lisp
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; H.A. Chipman 1991
;;; C.B. Hurley 1989-1991
;;; J.A. McDonald 1988-89
;;; R.W. Oldford 1989-1991
;;; J.O. Pedersen 1988-89
;;;
;;;
;;;
;;;---------------------------------------------------------------------
;;; The story:
;;;
;;; Want various hierarchical menus to be associated with a canvas.
;;; These will pop-up in response to certain mouse-events while the
;;; mouse is over either the title-bar of the canvas, or over the
;;; body of the canvas.
;;;
;;; This file (and others specialized for each CL) contains those
;;; functions which attach menus to, and select menus from, a canvas.
;;;
;;; -------------------------------------------------------------------
;;;
;;; Author(s):
;;; [email protected]
;;;
;;; The model is described in menu-canvas. Menus are described in
;;; menu & menu-mcl.
;;;
(in-package :wb)
(defun release-menu-space (menu)
(destroy-menu menu))
(defmethod set-up-title-menus ((canvas menu-canvas))
(install-title-menus canvas :menu-type :pop-up)
(install-menu-bar canvas))
| 1,714 | Common Lisp | .cl | 49 | 32.428571 | 86 | 0.513595 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 617e2f426b0fba16b86a0b08a6eec0ea9eb9ca1a35be13726584d8149915dc1d | 32,810 | [
-1
] |
32,811 | menu-clx.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/menus/test/menu-clx.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; menu-clx.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is part of the Window-Basics package intended to provide a uniform
;;; window environment for Common Lisp programming.
;;;
;;; For copyright information and history, see window-basics-copyright.lisp
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; H.A. Chipman 1991
;;; C.B. Hurley 1989-1992
;;; J.A. McDonald 1988-89
;;; R.W. Oldford 1989-1992
;;; J.O. Pedersen 1988-89
;;;
;;;
;;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in-package :wb)
(export '(make-menu wb-pop-up-menu destroy-menu set-menu-fns menu-p put-menu-prop
get-menu-prop installed-p menu select-in-menu get-menu-item
disable-menu-item enable-menu-item check-menu-item
set-menu-item-string))
;;; --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;;;
;;; Hierarchical pop-up menus
;;;
;;; --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;;; First set up a slot so that each menu-item knows which menu it belongs to.
;;;
(defclass wb-menu-mixin ()
((user-properties :initarg :user-properites
:initform nil
:accessor user-properties-of)
(sub-item-fn :initarg :sub-item-fn
:initform #'default-sub-item-fn
:accessor sub-item-fn-of)
(when-held-fn :initarg :when-held-fn
:initform #'default-when-held-fn
:accessor when-held-fn-of)
(when-unheld-fn :initarg :when-unheld-fn
:initform #'default-when-unheld-fn
:accessor when-unheld-fn-of)
(when-selected-fn :initarg :when-selected-fn
:initform #'default-when-selected-fn
:accessor when-selected-fn-of)))
(defclass wb-menu (wb-menu-mixin)
((title :initform "Choose and Item" :accessor title-of)
(parent-menu :initform NIL :accessor parent-menu-of)
(type :initform NIL :accessor menu-type)
(items :initform NIL :accessor items-of)
(function :initform NIL :accessor function-of)
(message :initform NIL :accessor message-of)
(window :initform NIL :accessor window-of)
(gcontext :initform NIL :accessor gcontext-of)
(width :initform 0 :accessor width-of)
(enabled :initform T :accessor enabled-p)
(event-handler :initform NIL :accessor event-handler-of)
(title-width :initform 0 :accessor title-width-of)
(item-window :initform NIL :accessor item-window-of)
(items-alist :initform NIL :accessor items-alist-of)))
(defmethod initialize-instance :after ((self wb-menu)
&key (display (xlib::open-display *default-host*))
sub-item-fn when-selected-fn when-held-fn when-unheld-fn
(title NIL)
(type :pop-up)
(canvas NIL)
(font *default-menu-font*)
(item-parent NIL)
(parent-menu NIL)
(function NIL)
&allow-other-keys)
(declare (special *default-menu-font*))
(let* ((parent-window
(if parent-menu (parent-of (window-of parent-menu))
(xlib::screen-root (xlib::display-default-screen display))))
(colormap (xlib::window-colormap parent-window))
(black (xlib::alloc-color colormap *black-color*))
(grey (xlib::alloc-color colormap *grey-color*)))
(setf (xlib::window-event-mask parent-window)
(logior (xlib::window-event-mask parent-window)
(xlib::make-event-mask :substructure-notify)))
;;(unless (xlib::display-after-function display)
;; (setf (xlib::display-after-function display) #'xlib::display-finish-output))
(setf
(function-of self) function
(menu-type self) type
(title-of self) (if (stringp title) title (format nil "~a" title))
(parent-menu-of self) parent-menu
(gcontext-of self)
(if parent-menu
(gcontext-of parent-menu)
(xlib::create-gcontext :drawable parent-window
:foreground black
:background grey
:font (canvas-font-to-host-font font)))
(window-of self)
(xlib::create-window :parent parent-window
:x 0 :y 0 :width 16 :height 16
:background grey :colormap colormap
:override-redirect :on
:border-width 2
:event-mask (xlib::make-event-mask
:button-press
:button-release
:visibility-change
:exposure
:owner-grab-button
)))
(unless item-parent (setf item-parent (window-of self)))
(setf
(item-window-of self)
(xlib::create-window :parent item-parent
:x 0 :y 0 :width 16 :height 16
:background grey :colormap colormap
:event-mask (xlib::make-event-mask
:enter-window
:button-press
:button-release
:owner-grab-button))
(title-width-of self)
(xlib::text-extents (xlib::gcontext-font (gcontext-of self)) (title-of self)))
(set-menu-fns self
:selected when-selected-fn
:held when-held-fn
:unheld when-unheld-fn
:sub-item sub-item-fn)
self))
(defun set-menu-fns (menu &key (selected nil) (held nil) (unheld nil) (sub-item nil))
(if (and selected (functionp selected)) (setf (when-selected-fn-of menu) selected))
(if (and held (functionp held)) (setf (when-held-fn-of menu) held))
(if (and unheld (functionp unheld)) (setf (when-unheld-fn-of menu) unheld))
(if (and sub-item (functionp sub-item)) (setf (sub-item-fn-of menu) sub-item)))
(defun menu-p (menu)
(typep menu 'wb-menu))
(defun put-menu-prop (menu property value)
"Stores value on property of menu"
(setf (user-properties-of menu) (acons property value (user-properties-of menu))))
(defun get-menu-prop (menu property)
"Returns the value associated with the property on menu"
(cdr (assoc property (user-properties-of menu))))
;;; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;;;
;;; Modifying the menu appearance
;;;
;;; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(defun get-menu-item (menu item-string)
(second (find item-string
(items-alist-of menu)
:test #'(lambda (x y) (string= x (title-of y)))
:key #'cadr)))
(defun disable-menu-item (menu item-string)
"Disables the menu item identified by item-string."
(let ((item (get-menu-item menu item-string)))
(if item
(menu-item-disable item))))
(defun menu-item-disable (item)
(setf (enabled-p item) NIL))
(defun enable-menu-item (menu item-string)
"Enables the menu item identified by item-string."
(let ((item (get-menu-item menu item-string)))
(if item
(menu-item-enable item))))
(defun menu-item-enable (item)
(setf (enabled-p item) T))
(defun check-menu-item (menu item-string &optional (check-char nil) )
"Places a check-char beside item identified by item-string ~
if check-char is nil no check mark appears ~
if check-char is t a default check mark is used."
(let ((item (get-menu-item menu item-string)))
(if item
(set-menu-item-check-mark item check-char))))
(defun set-menu-item-string (menu item-string new-string)
"Changes the string for the menu item currently ~
identified by item-string to new-string."
(let ((item (get-menu-item menu item-string)))
(when item
(setf (title-of item) new-string)
(menu-compute-geometry (parent-menu-of item))
(menu-compute-geometry item))))
(defun sub-items-of (item)
(items-of item))
(defun item-action-p (item)
(if (function-of item) T NIL))
(defun item-action (item)
(function-of item))
(defun item-message (item)
(if (message-of item)
(message-of item)
"This item will be selected when the button is released."))
(defun wb-inform-user (message)
(print message))
(defun menu-set-items (menu &rest items)
(let ((item-list NIL)
(items-alist NIL))
(dolist (item items)
(let* ((item-menu (make-instance 'wb-menu
:title (first item)
:parent-menu menu
:display (xlib::drawable-display (window-of menu))
:item-parent (window-of menu) :function (second item)
:when-selected-fn (when-selected-fn-of menu)
:when-held-fn (when-held-fn-of menu)
:when-unheld-fn (when-unheld-fn-of menu)
:sub-item-fn (sub-item-fn-of menu)
:function (second item)
:message (third item)))
(item-window (item-window-of item-menu)))
(push item-menu item-list)
(push (list item-window item-menu) items-alist)
(when (and (> (length item) 4) (eq (fourth item) :sub-items))
(nconc items-alist (apply #'menu-set-items item-menu (fifth item))))
(setf (items-of menu) (reverse item-list))
(menu-compute-geometry menu)))
items-alist))
(defparameter *menu-item-margin* 4)
(defmacro max-item-width (menu)
`(let ((items (items-of ,menu))
(max-width (title-width-of ,menu)))
(dolist (item items)
(setf max-width (max max-width (title-width-of item))))
max-width))
(defun update-item-window (item height width next-left next-top)
(let ((window (item-window-of item)))
(xlib::with-state (window)
(setf (xlib::drawable-height window) height
(xlib::drawable-width window) width
(xlib::drawable-x window) next-left
(xlib::drawable-y window) next-top))))
(defmacro menu-refresh (menu)
`(let* ((window (window-of ,menu))
(gcontext (gcontext-of ,menu))
(title-x (round (- (width-of ,menu) (title-width-of ,menu)) 2))
(baseline-y (+ (xlib::font-ascent (xlib::gcontext-font gcontext)) *menu-item-margin*)))
(unless (eq (menu-type ,menu) :title)
(xlib::draw-image-glyphs window gcontext title-x baseline-y
(title-of ,menu)))
(dolist (item (items-of ,menu))
(xlib::draw-image-glyphs (item-window-of item) gcontext 2 baseline-y
(title-of item)))))
(defmacro find-item (window menu)
`(second (assoc ,window (items-alist-of ,menu))))
(defmacro find-menu (window menu)
`(second (find ,window
(items-alist-of ,menu)
:test #'(lambda (x y) (eq x (window-of y)))
:key #'cadr)))
(defmethod parent-of ((self xlib::window))
(multiple-value-bind (children parent) (xlib::query-tree self)
(declare (ignore children))
parent))
(defmethod parent-of ((self wb-menu))
(multiple-value-bind (children parent) (xlib::query-tree (item-window-of self))
(declare (ignore children))
parent))
(defmacro host-to-canvas-mouse-state (state)
`(cond ((eq ,state 256) :left)
((eq ,state 257) :left)
((eq ,state 260) :left)
((eq ,state 512) :middle)
((eq ,state 513) :middle)
((eq ,state 516) :middle)
((eq ,state 1024) :right)
((eq ,state 1025) :right)
((eq ,state 1028) :right)))
(defun recurse-unmap-children (menu)
(dolist (item (items-of menu))
(when (items-of item)
(recurse-unmap-children item))
;;(format t "Unmapping Window of Menu with Title: ~a~%" (title-of item))
(when (eq (xlib::window-map-state (window-of item)) :viewable)
(xlib::unmap-window (window-of item)))))
(defun shutdown-menu (menu)
(xlib::unmap-window (window-of menu)))
(defun destroy-menu (menu)
(when (and (event-handler-of menu) (not (eq (menu-type menu) :title)))
(mp:process-kill (event-handler-of menu))
(xlib::close-display (xlib::drawable-display (window-of menu)))))
(defun mouse-in-item-p (item)
(multiple-value-bind (x y) (xlib::pointer-position (item-window-of item))
(and (<= x (xlib::drawable-width (item-window-of item)))
(<= y (xlib::drawable-height (item-window-of item)))
(>= x 0)
(>= y 0))))
(defmacro place-item-sub-menu (item)
`(let* ((window (item-window-of ,item))
(parent (parent-of window))
position)
(if (eq (menu-type (parent-menu-of ,item)) :pop-up)
(setf position (make-position
(+ (xlib::drawable-x parent) (xlib::drawable-width parent)
*menu-item-margin*)
(+ (xlib::drawable-y parent) (xlib::drawable-y window))))
(setf position (make-position
(+ (xlib::drawable-x parent) (xlib::drawable-x window))
(+ (xlib::drawable-y parent) (xlib::drawable-height parent)
*menu-item-margin*))))
(menu-present ,item position)))
(defun menu-event-handler (menu &aux (selected-item NIL) (item NIL) (last NIL))
(xlib::unmap-window (item-window-of menu))
(setf item (first (items-of menu)))
(xlib::event-case ((xlib::drawable-display (window-of menu)) :force-output-p t)
(:exposure
(window count)
(when (zerop count)
(if (eq window (window-of menu))
(xlib::with-event-queue ((xlib::drawable-display window))
(menu-refresh menu))
(if item
(xlib::with-event-queue ((xlib::drawable-display window))
(menu-refresh item)))))
nil)
(:button-release
(event-window state)
(setf selected-item (find-item event-window menu))
(when (and selected-item (enabled-p selected-item)
(mouse-in-item-p selected-item))
(funcall (when-selected-fn-of selected-item)
selected-item
(parent-menu-of selected-item)
(host-to-canvas-mouse-state state)))
(shutdown-menu menu)
nil)
(:enter-notify
(window)
(menu-downlight item)
(setf last item item (find-item window menu))
(unless (member item (items-of last))
(dolist (thing (items-of (parent-menu-of item)))
(when (eq (xlib::window-map-state (window-of thing)) :viewable)
(xlib::unmap-window (window-of thing)))))
(when (enabled-p item)
(when (funcall (sub-item-fn-of item) (parent-menu-of item) item)
(xlib::with-event-queue ((xlib::drawable-display window))
(place-item-sub-menu item)))
(menu-highlight item))
nil)
(:unmap-notify
(window)
(when (setf last (find-menu window menu))
(dolist (thing (items-of last))
(when (eq (xlib::window-map-state (window-of thing)) :viewable)
(xlib::unmap-window (window-of thing)))))
nil)
(:visibility-notify
(window state)
(when (member state '(:partially-obscured :fully-obscured))
(setf (xlib::window-priority window) :above))
nil)
(otherwise () nil))
(xlib::close-display (xlib::drawable-display (window-of menu)))
selected-item)
(defmacro menu-highlight (item)
`(let* ((window (item-window-of ,item))
(gcontext (gcontext-of ,item))
(width (- (xlib::drawable-width window) 2))
(height (- (xlib::drawable-height window) 2)))
(xlib::with-gcontext (gcontext :line-width 3)
(xlib::draw-rectangle window gcontext 0 0 width height))))
(defmacro menu-downlight (item)
`(let* ((window (item-window-of ,item))
(gcontext (gcontext-of ,item))
(width (xlib::drawable-width window))
(height (xlib::drawable-height window))
(back (xlib::gcontext-background gcontext)))
(xlib::with-gcontext (gcontext :line-width 3 :foreground back)
(xlib::draw-rectangle window gcontext 0 0 (- width 2) (- height 2)))))
(defun menu (menu &optional position)
(if (eq (menu-type menu) :title)
(setf position (make-position 0 0))
(progn
(unless (event-handler-of menu)
(setf (event-handler-of menu) (mp:process-run-function
"Quail Menu Event Handler" #'menu-event-handler menu)))))
(menu-present menu position)
(xlib::display-finish-output (xlib::drawable-display (window-of menu))))
(defmacro menu-present (menu &optional position)
`(let ((window (window-of ,menu))
x y)
(if ,position
(setf x (aref ,position 0) y (aref ,position 1))
(multiple-value-setq (x y) (xlib::global-pointer-position (xlib::drawable-display window))))
(xlib::with-state (window)
(setf (xlib::drawable-x window) x
(xlib::drawable-y window) y))
(xlib::map-window window)))
(defun menu-compute-geometry (menu)
(if (eq (menu-type menu) :pop-up)
(let* ((menu-font (xlib::gcontext-font (gcontext-of menu)))
(items (items-of menu))
menu-width)
(setf menu-width (+ (max-item-width menu) *menu-item-margin* *menu-item-margin*))
(let ((delta-y (+ (xlib::font-ascent menu-font) (xlib::font-descent menu-font) *menu-item-margin* *menu-item-margin*)))
(xlib::with-state ((window-of menu))
(setf (xlib::drawable-width (window-of menu)) menu-width
(xlib::drawable-height (window-of menu)) (+ 2 (* (+ 1 (length items)) delta-y))))
(let ((next-item-top delta-y))
(dolist (item items)
(update-item-window item delta-y menu-width 0 next-item-top)
(incf next-item-top delta-y))))
(xlib::map-subwindows (window-of menu))
(setf (width-of menu) menu-width))
(let* ((menu-font (xlib::gcontext-font (gcontext-of menu)))
(item-height (+ (xlib::font-ascent menu-font) (xlib::font-descent menu-font) *menu-item-margin* *menu-item-margin*))
(items-width NIL)
(items (items-of menu))
menu-width)
(setf item-width (+ (* *menu-item-margin* 2) (max-item-width menu))
items-width (* item-width (length items))
menu-width (+ items-width (* *menu-item-margin* 4)))
(let ((delta-x (+ item-width *menu-item-margin*)))
(xlib::with-state ((window-of menu))
(setf (xlib::drawable-width (window-of menu)) menu-width
(xlib::drawable-height (window-of menu)) item-height))
(let ((item-left *menu-item-margin*))
(dolist (next-item items)
(update-item-window next-item item-height item-width item-left 0)
(incf item-left delta-x))))
(xlib::map-subwindows (window-of menu))
(setf (width-of menu) menu-width))))
(defun make-menu
(&key items sub-item-fn when-selected-fn when-held-fn when-unheld-fn
canvas
(title NIL)
(font *default-menu-font*)
(change-offset-fn NIL)
(menu-type :pop-up)
&aux menu display)
(declare (ignore change-offset-fn)
(special *default-menu-font*))
(if (and canvas (eq menu-type :title))
(setf display (xlib::drawable-display (host-window canvas)))
(setf display (xlib::open-display *default-host*)))
(setf menu (make-instance 'wb-menu
:display display
:title title
:type menu-type
:font font
:canvas canvas))
(set-menu-fns menu :selected when-selected-fn
:held when-held-fn
:unheld when-unheld-fn
:sub-item sub-item-fn)
(setf (items-alist-of menu) (apply #'menu-set-items menu items))
(push (list (item-window-of menu) menu) (items-alist-of menu))
menu)
| 19,495 | Common Lisp | .cl | 452 | 36.05531 | 128 | 0.604038 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 9d66067b5c79fdacd44c4778dc57b4bbc76c2223bb7061bb49d396a7ae6b62e4 | 32,811 | [
-1
] |
32,812 | mouse-clx.lsp | rwoldford_Quail/source/window-basics/mouse/mouse-clx.lsp | ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; mouse-clx.lisp
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; Copyright (c) Statistical Computing Laboratory
;;; University of Waterloo
;;; Canada.
;;;
;;; This file is part of the Window-Basics package intended to provide a uniform
;;; window environment for Common Lisp programming.
;;;
;;; For copyright information and history, see window-basics-copyright.lisp
;;;
;;; Authors:
;;; N.G. Bennett 1993
;;; R.W. Oldford 1994
;;;
;;;==========================================================================
;;; History:
;;;
;;; - created June 1989 by [email protected] to provide
;;; uniform three-button mouse interaction.
;;;
;;;
;;; Each key can also be modified by either the shift-key or the
;;; control-key.
;;;
;;;===========================================================================
(in-package :wb)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute) (export '(mouse-position mouse-x mouse-y
screen-mouse-position screen-mouse-x screen-mouse-y)))
(defmacro host-to-canvas-mouse-state (state)
`(cond ((eq ,state 256) :left)
((eq ,state 257) :left)
((eq ,state 260) :left)
((eq ,state 512) :middle)
((eq ,state 513) :middle)
((eq ,state 516) :middle)
((eq ,state 1024) :right)
((eq ,state 1025) :right)
((eq ,state 1028) :right)))
(defun mouse-down-p (&optional canvas)
"Tests whether a mouse button is being held down."
(if canvas
(multiple-value-bind
(a b c d state)
(xlib::query-pointer (host-window canvas))
(host-to-canvas-mouse-state state))
(multiple-value-bind
(foo bar root-window)
(xlib::global-pointer-position *default-display*)
(multiple-value-bind
(a b c d state)
(xlib::query-pointer root-window)
(host-to-canvas-mouse-state state)))))
(defun mouse-position (canvas)
(multiple-value-bind
(x y)
(xlib::pointer-position (host-window canvas))
(make-position x (host-to-canvas-y canvas y))))
(defun mouse-x (canvas)
(xlib::pointer-position (host-window canvas)))
(defun mouse-y (canvas)
(multiple-value-bind
(x y)
(xlib::pointer-position (host-window canvas))
(host-to-canvas-y canvas y)))
;;;========================================================================================
;;; mouse position in screen coordinates, cbh
;;;========================================================================================
(defun screen-mouse-position ()
"Returns position of mouse in screen coords."
(multiple-value-bind
(x y)
(xlib::global-pointer-position *default-display*)
(make-position x y)))
(defun screen-mouse-x ()
(multiple-value-bind
(x y)
(xlib::global-pointer-position *default-display*)
x))
(defun screen-mouse-y ()
(multiple-value-bind
(x y)
(xlib::global-pointer-position *default-display*)
y))
(defun same-button-state-p (state test)
(equal state test))
(defmacro get-wb-class-instance (window)
`(cdr (assoc :wb-class-instance (xlib:window-plist ,window))))
(defmethod wb-refresh ((self null))
(declare (ignore self)))
#|
(defmethod xwindow-of ((self xlib::window))
(parent-of (parent-of self)))
|#
(defun event-handler (display &aux (last NIL))
(xlib:event-case
(display :force-output-p t :discard-p t)
(:map-notify
(window)
(let ((c (get-wb-class-instance window)))
(when (canvas-p c)
(menu-present (menu-bar-of c))))
nil)
(:exposure
(window count)
(when (zerop count)
(xlib::with-event-queue (display)
(wb-refresh (get-wb-class-instance window))))
nil)
(:configure-notify
(window x y width)
(let ((c (get-wb-class-instance window)))
(when (canvas-p c)
(menu-present (menu-bar-of c))
))
nil)
(:visibility-notify
()
#|(window state)
(let ((c (get-wb-class-instance window)))
(when (and (member state
'(:partially-obscured :fully-obscured))
(menu-p c))
(menu-present
c
)))
|#
nil)
(:button-press
(window code state x y root-x root-y)
(let ((c (get-wb-class-instance window)))
(cond
((canvas-p c)
(let ((mouse-pos (make-position
x
(host-to-canvas-y c y))))
(cond
((equal code *left-button-code*)
(cond
((equal state *button-no-modifier*)
(funcall (left-button-fn-of c) c mouse-pos))
((equal state *shift-button*)
(funcall (shift-left-button-fn-of c) c mouse-pos))
((equal state *ctrl-button*)
(funcall (ctrl-left-button-fn-of c) c mouse-pos))))
((equal code *middle-button-code*)
(cond
((equal state *button-no-modifier*)
(funcall (middle-button-fn-of c) c mouse-pos))
((equal state *shift-button*)
(funcall (shift-middle-button-fn-of c) c mouse-pos))
((equal state *ctrl-button*)
(funcall (ctrl-middle-button-fn-of c) c mouse-pos))))
((equal code *right-button-code*)
(cond
((equal state *button-no-modifier*)
(funcall (right-button-fn-of c) c mouse-pos))
((equal state *shift-button*)
(funcall (shift-right-button-fn-of c) c mouse-pos))
((equal state *ctrl-button*)
(funcall (ctrl-right-button-fn-of c) c mouse-pos)))))))
((and (menu-p c) (enabled-p c))
(menu-highlight c)
(when ;;(and (eq window (item-window-of c))
(sub-menus-of c)
;;)
(xlib::with-event-queue (display)
(place-item-sub-menu c))))
((dialog-item-p c)
(process-button-press-event c window))
)
)
nil)
(:button-release
(event-window state)
(let ((c (get-wb-class-instance event-window)))
(when (canvas-p *current-canvas*)
(unmap-submenus (menu-bar-of *current-canvas*))
;;(dolist (thing (sub-menus-of (menu-bar-of *current-canvas*)))
;; (menu-downlight thing)
;; (when (eq (xlib::window-map-state (window-of thing)) :viewable)
;; (xlib::unmap-window (window-of thing))))
)
(cond
((and (menu-p c)
(enabled-p c)
(mouse-in-item-p c))
(funcall (when-selected-fn-of c)
(items-of c)
(super-menu-of c)
(host-to-canvas-mouse-state state))
)
((dialog-item-p c)
(catch :cancel
(process-button-release-event c event-window)))
)
)
nil)
(:key-press
(window code state)
(let ((c (get-wb-class-instance window)))
(when (dialog-item-p c)
(process-key-press-event c window code state)
))
NIL)
(:enter-notify
(window state)
(let ((c (get-wb-class-instance window)))
(if (canvas-p c)
(setf *current-canvas* c)
(cond
((and (menu-p c) (host-to-canvas-mouse-state state))
(when (and last (sub-menus-of last)
(not (member c (sub-menus-of last))))
(dolist (thing (sub-menus-of (super-menu-of c)))
(when (eq (xlib::window-map-state (window-of thing)) :viewable)
(xlib::unmap-window (window-of thing)))))
(when (enabled-p c)
(menu-highlight c)
(when (sub-menus-of c)
(xlib::with-event-queue (display)
(place-item-sub-menu c)))
))
((dialog-item-p c)
(dialog-enter-notify c window state)))))
nil)
(:leave-notify
(window state)
(let ((c (get-wb-class-instance window)))
(cond
((and (menu-p c) (host-to-canvas-mouse-state state))
(setf last c)
(menu-downlight c))
((dialog-item-p c)
(dialog-leave-notify c window))
)
)
nil)
(:unmap-notify
(window)
(let ((c (get-wb-class-instance window)))
(if ;;(and
(canvas-p c)
;;(eq window (xwindow-of c)))
(shutdown-menu (menu-bar-of c))
(when (and (menu-p c) (eq window (window-of c)))
(unmap-submenus c)
;;(dolist (thing (sub-menus-of c))
;; (when (eq (xlib::window-map-state (window-of thing)) :viewable)
;; (xlib::unmap-window (window-of thing))))
)))
nil)
(otherwise nil)
))
;;--------------------------------------------------------------
;; EVENT MASKS FOR BUTTON-PRESS EVENTS
;;--------------------------------------------------------------
(defparameter *left-button-code* 1)
(defparameter *middle-button-code* 2)
(defparameter *right-button-code* 3)
(defparameter *button-no-modifier* 0)
(defparameter *shift-button* 1)
(defparameter *ctrl-button* 4)
;;--------------------------------------------------------------
;; EVENT MASKS FOR BUTTON-RELEASE EVENTS
;;--------------------------------------------------------------
(defparameter *left-button-no-modifier* 256)
(defparameter *shift-left-button* 257)
(defparameter *ctrl-left-button* 260)
(defparameter *middle-button-no-modifier* 512)
(defparameter *shift-middle-button* 513)
(defparameter *ctrl-middle-button* 516)
(defparameter *right-button-no-modifier* 1024)
(defparameter *shift-right-button* 1025)
(defparameter *ctrl-right-button* 1028)
| 10,046 | Common Lisp | .cl | 279 | 28.078853 | 96 | 0.518782 | rwoldford/Quail | 0 | 1 | 0 | GPL-3.0 | 9/19/2024, 11:43:28 AM (Europe/Amsterdam) | 8544aae42b42d77adac501aa4d4b3b472d884ee80969dfa4bc14c74d1a5b4431 | 32,812 | [
-1
] |
Subsets and Splits
No saved queries yet
Save your SQL queries to embed, download, and access them later. Queries will appear here once saved.