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this Court confirmed a sale in favour of the Appellant therein who was a stranger to the suit being the auction purchaser of the judgment-debtor's immovable property in execution of an ex parte money decree in terms of Order XXXI Rule 92, Civil Procedure Code
Precedent
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Despite the fact that ordinarily a sale can be set aside only under Rules 89, 90 and 91 of Order XXXI, it was opined that the court is bound to confirm the sale and direct the grant of a certificate vesting the title in the purchaser as from the date of sale when no application in term of Rule 92 was made or when such application was made and disallowed and in support thereof Zain-ul-Abdin Khan 1887 Indlaw PC 13 (supra) and various other decisions were referred to
Precedent
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In Padanathil Ruqmini Amma v. P.K. Abdulla [(1996) 7 SCC 668] 1996 Indlaw SC 3096, this Court making a distinction between decree-holder auction purchaser himself and a third party bona fide purchaser in an auction sale, observed : "The ratio behind this distinction between a sale to a decree-holder and a sale to a stranger is that the court, as a matter of policy, will protect honest outsider purchasers at sales held in the execution of its decrees, although the sales may be subsequently set aside, when such purchasers are not parties to the suit
Precedent
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But for such protection, the properties which are sold in court auctions would not fetch a proper price and the decree-holder himself would suffer
Precedent
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The same consideration does not apply when the decree-holder is himself the purchaser and the decree in his favour is set aside
Precedent
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He is a party to the litigation and is very much aware of the vicissitudes of litigation and needs no protection
Precedent
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We, therefore, do not interfere with that part of the order whereby and wherewith the auction sale, as regard commercial properties, had been directed by the learned Judge, Special Court
Ratio of the decision
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The learned Judge, Special Court, may, therefore, proceed to pass an appropriate order as regard confirmation of the sale of such properties
Ratio of the decision
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RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY
Ratio of the decision
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In these appeals, we are concerned with sale of eight residential flats in a building known as Madhuli
Ratio of the decision
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The flat belonging to the mother of Late Harshad Mehta has been released
Ratio of the decision
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The flats, however, during pendency of these appeals have been sold in auction
Ratio of the decision
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One of the flats being flat
Ratio of the decision
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No. 202
Ratio of the decision
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Arunachal Bhawan, Barakhamba Road, is subject matter of a separate proceeding pending before this Court, viz., Civil Appeal
Ratio of the decision
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No. 681 of 2004
Ratio of the decision
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In these appeals, we are not concerned with the said flat
Ratio of the decision
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Admittedly, the flats have been sold subject to the result of these appeals
Ratio of the decision
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The flats have been sold on the basis of the joint liabilities of the Appellants together with Harshad Mehta and other companies as a group
Ratio of the decision
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The liabilities of the Appellants, in view of our findings aforementioned, are required to be considered afresh by the learned Judge, Special Court
Ratio of the decision
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The purchasers have also filed applications for their impleadment in these appeals
Ratio of the decision
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We, however, have not heard the purchasers as the question as to whether the auction sale of the said flats will be confirmed or not will depend upon the ultimate finding of the learned Judge, Special Court upon consideration of the matter afresh in the light of the observations made hereinbefore
Ratio of the decision
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We, therefore, would direct that the confirmation of sale of those flats be considered and appropriate order thereupon may be passed by the learned Special Court while considering the matter afresh
Ratio of the decision
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In the light of the directions issued herein, it would be for the purchasers of the said flats to wait till a final decision is made or take back the amount deposited by them, subject to any other or further order (s) that may be passed by the learned Special Judge
Ratio of the decision
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CONCLUSION
Ratio of the decision
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In view of our foregoing discussions, we are of the opinion that: (i
Ratio of the decision
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The contention of the Appellants that they being not involved in offences in transactions in securities could not have been proceeded in terms of the provisions of the Act cannot be accepted in view of the fact that they have been notified in terms thereof
Ratio of the decision
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The Appellants being notified persons all their personal properties stood automatically attached and any other income from such attached properties would also stand attached
Ratio of the decision
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The question as to whether the Appellants could have been considered to be part of Harshad Mehta Group by the learned Special Court need not be determined by us as, at present advised, in view of the fact that appropriate applications in this behalf are pending consideration before the learned Special Court
Ratio of the decision
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The question as regard intermingling of accounts by the Appellants, herein with that of the Harshad Mehta Group and/ or any other or further contentions raised by the parties hereto before us shall receive due consideration of the learned Judge, Special Court afresh in the light of the observations made hereinbefore
Ratio of the decision
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As regard the tax liabilities of the Appellants, herein, we would request the learned Judge, Special Court to consider the matter afresh in the light of the observations made hereinbefore
Ratio of the decision
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The learned Judge, Special Court, in this behalf, having regard to the fact that several orders of Best Judgment Assessment have been passed by the Assessing Authority, may take into consideration the ratio laid down in the decision of this Court in Harshad Shantilal Mehta
Ratio of the decision
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The learned Special Court shall proceed to pass appropriate orders as regard confirmation of the auction sales in respect of commercial properties
Ratio of the decision
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v) As regard, sale of residential properties, an appropriate order may be passed by the learned Judge, Special Court in the light of the observations made hereinbefore
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vi
Ratio of the decision
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We direct the Custodian to permit the Appellants to have inspection of all the documents in his power or possession in the premises of the Special Court in the presence of an officer of the court
Ratio of the decision
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Such documents must be placed for inspection for one week continuously upon giving due notice therefor to the Appellants jointly
Ratio of the decision
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As the Appellants have been represented in all the proceedings jointly, only one of them would be nominated by them to have the inspection thereof
Ratio of the decision
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The Appellants shall be entitled to take the help of a Chartered or Cost Accountant and may make notes therefrom for their use in the pending proceeding
Ratio of the decision
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The Appellants shall file their objections to the said report, if any, within ten days thereafter
Ratio of the decision
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The Custodian may also take assistance and/ or further assistance from a Chartered Accountant of his choice
Ratio of the decision
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A reply and/ or rejoinder thereto shall be filed within one week from the date of the receipt of the copy of the objection
Ratio of the decision
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The parties shall file their respective documents within one week thereafter
Ratio of the decision
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Such documents should be supported by affidavits
Ratio of the decision
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Both the parties shall be entitled to inspect such documents and filed their responses thereto within one week thereafter
Ratio of the decision
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The parties shall file the written submissions filed before this Court together with all charts before the learned Special Judge, Special Court within eight weeks from date
Ratio of the decision
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viii
Ratio of the decision
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The learned Judge, Special Court shall allow the parties to make brief oral submissions with pointed reference to their written submissions
Ratio of the decision
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Such hearing in the peculiar facts and circumstances of this case should continue from day to day
Ratio of the decision
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ix
Ratio of the decision
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The learned Judge, Special Court while hearing the matter in terms of this order shall also consider as to whether the auction sale should be confirmed or not
Ratio of the decision
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It will also be open to the learned Judge, Special Court to pass an interim order or orders, as it may think fit and proper, in the event any occasion arises therefor
Ratio of the decision
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x) We would, however, request the learned Special Judge, Special Court to complete the hearings of the matter, keeping in view of the fact that auction sale in respect of the residential premises is being consideration, as expeditiously as possible and not later than twelve weeks from the date of the receipt of the copy of this order
Ratio of the decision
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Save and except for sufficient or cogent reasons, the learned Judge shall not grant any adjournment to either of the parties
Ratio of the decision
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xi
Ratio of the decision
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The learned Judge, Special Court shall take up the matter relating to confirmation of the auction sale in respect of the commercial properties immediately and pass an appropriate order thereupon within four weeks from the date of receipt of copy of this order
Ratio of the decision
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If in the meanwhile orders of assessment are passed by the Income Tax Authorities, the Custodian shall be at liberty to bring the same to the notice of the learned Special Court which shall also be taken into consideration by the learned Judge, Special Court
Ratio of the decision
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With the aforementioned observations and directions, these appeals are allowed
Ruling by Present Court
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The impugned judgments are set aside and the matter is remitted to the learned Judge, Special Court for consideration of the matter afresh
Ruling by Present Court
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However, the parties shall bear their own costs
Ruling by Present Court
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Appeals allowed
Ruling by Present Court
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This appeal by Special Leave arises out of a judgment and order dated 1st March,2005
Facts
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rendered by the High Court of Judicature at Bombay,whereby the learned Single Judge has set aside the order passed by the Arbitral Tribunal,holding that they did not have jurisdiction to entertain and try the claim and counter claim made by the parties
Facts
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In order to appreciate the issue,requiring determination,a few relevant facts may be stated
Facts
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The appellant M/s
Facts
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Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited is a Government of India Undertaking,under the administrative control of the Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas and is engaged in refining,distributing and selling of petroleum products all over the country
Facts
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The respondent M/s
Facts
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Great Eastern Shipping Company Limited is engaged in the business of shipping and allied activities and owns a fleet of tanker vessels for charter,including the vessel known as JAG PRAJA
Facts
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An agreement,called the Time Charter Party in legal parlance,was entered into between the appellant and the respondent on 6th May,1997 for letting on hire vessels for a period of two years from 22nd September,1996 to 30th June,1997 and from 1st July,1997 to 30th June,1998,on the terms and conditions set out in the said agreement
Facts
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However,before the Charter Party was to come to an end,on 29th June,1998,the Indian Oil Corporation Limited (for short IOC ),acting as agent of the appellant,issued a fax to various ship owners,including the respondent herein,requesting them to extend the validity of the Charter Party Agreement dated 6th May,1997 beyond 30th June,1998 for a period of one month from 1st July,1998 with option for two further extensions of 15 days each
Facts
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The respondent agreed to the said proposal
Facts
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Accordingly,on 29th June,1998 an addendum was signed between the parties whereby the validity period of Charter Party was extended for one month with an option for two further extensions for a period of 15 days each
Facts
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The terms and conditions; exceptions and exemptions contained in the Charter Party dated 6th May,1997 remained unaltered
Facts
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The parties are ad idem that the Charter Party dated 6th May,1997 was extended till 31st August,1998
Facts
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It appears that since Charter Party dated 6th May,1997 was coming to an end on 31st August,1998,the Oil Companies sought permission of the Oil Co-ordination Committee,a wing of the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas for further extension of the Charter Party
Facts
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However,the Oil Coordination Committee,by their fax message dated 26th August,1998,declined the request of the Oil Companies,including the appellant,for further extension of Charter Party beyond 31st August,1998.The said fax message was an internal communication between the Oil Coordination Committee and the Oil Companies
Facts
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Thereafter,in September,1998,the IOC for and on behalf of the Oil Industry,floated a fresh tender for carriage of petroleum products along the Indian coast on time charter basis for a period of one year commencing from 1st September,1998 to 31st August,1999,on the terms and conditions set out in the tender document
Facts
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In response to the said tender,the respondent and other vessel owners submitted their bids
Facts
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It seems that being aggrieved of the decision of the IOC to invite revised price bids after opening of the sealed tenders,one of the bidders filed a writ petition in the Bombay High Court,questioning the said decision
Facts
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The appellant intervened in the said matter
Facts
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The writ petition was disposed of vide order dated 20th August,1999.While disapproving in principle,the action of the IOC in inviting fresh price bids after opening the bids,but without recording final opinion on the merits of the issues raised in writ petition,the Court disposed of the petition,inter alia,directing that (i) the charter hire rates should be fixed by the Tender Evaluation Committee and (ii) as the tender was for the period ending 31st August,1999 and the writ petition was being decided on 20th August,1999,the IOC will not be required to enter into a contract for the period from 1st September,1998
Ruling by Lower Court
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to 31st August,1999.It is not in dispute that the vessel JAG PRAJA ,with which we are concerned,continued to be chartered by the appellant till 31st August,1999
Ruling by Lower Court
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It appears that pending finalization of a new charter party for the period commencing 1st September,1998,certain meetings took place between the Oil Companies and the Ship Owners,including the respondent herein
Facts
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On 12th October,1998,the respondent informed the IOC that if all its nine vessels,mentioned in the letter,are used at a fair and reasonable rate for one year,from 1st September,1998 to 31st August,1999 for which the tender had been floated,they were agreeable to apply the new agreed rates for use of the said nine vessels from 1st July,1998.On 31st October,1998
Facts
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the IOC faxed to the respondent relevant portion of the message received by them from Oil Co-ordination Committee,extending the period of usage of the existing coastal tanker fleet for the month of October,1998,at 80% charter hire rates,prevailing till 30th June,1998,on provisional basis,subject to adjustment of provisional charter hire with retrospective date from 1st September,1998 against the revised charter hire,to be finalised by the Oil Industry in response to the tender floated by IOC on 1st September,1998.Respondent s consent was asked for
Facts
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The respondent responded immediately vide their letter dated 5th November,1998,agreeing in principle that revised charter hire rates,as and when finalized in response to tender floated by the IOC on 1st September,1998,would be applicable to the vessels which are selected under the tender,retrospectively from 1st September,1998.It was pointed out that the vessels which are not chartered under the tender floated would be at a disadvantage
Facts
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It was clearly stated that since the tender was not finalized,the owners will be guided by the existing terms and conditions
Facts
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Some other objections,not relevant at this stage,were also indicated
Facts
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As such,all said and done,Oil Co-ordination Committee s proposal was not accepted
Facts
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Nevertheless,some suggestions to resolve the controversy were given
Facts
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Thus,the proposal by the Oil Co-ordination Committee was not accepted by the respondent
Facts
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In the alternative,it was suggested by the respondent that the charter period be extended by six months on the existing terms and conditions at a mutually discussed time charter rate
Facts
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Admittedly,the vessels continued to be chartered by the appellant beyond the date of this letter
Facts
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Thereafter,for almost two months,there was no communication between the parties
Facts
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It was only on 31st December,1998 when the IOC issued a fax to the respondent,enclosing draft letter regarding charter party agreement to be signed between the charterers and owners (with minor modification,if necessary),requesting the respondent to sign as per proposal by the 4th January,1999,on which date the respondent expressed its disinclination,stating in reply fax that as per usual practice,pending finalization of new charter,the existing terms and conditions of the charter party continue to apply
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Finally,it was suggested that: "We,therefore,suggest that we sign an agreement with you for the period from 1st September,1998 until the matter is finally decided by you under the tender on the existing terms and conditions with the charter hire being provisionally paid on an ad hoc basis at 90% of the rate which was prevailing under the existing Charter Party
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Kindly confirm in order to draw up a suitable agreement accordingly
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Emphasis supplied
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Vide letter of even date,i.e.4th January,1999,the appellant suggested to the respondent that in the absence of a formal charter party with effect from 1st September,1998,a provisional arrangement for a period of four months effective from 1st September,1998 with an option for extension of one month may be mutually agreed to by payment at the rate of 80% on charter hire prevailing on 30th June,1998,as ad hoc hire
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The respondent was asked to convey their acceptance to the said suggestion
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