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it follows that it is indeed sufficient to provide the transition probabilities from the left boundary vertices for positive nl only . | if nl and nr are both nonnegative , then it only remains to specify the transition probabilities from the boundary vertices . |
when the kinetic energy is a positive definite quadratic form , this map is a diffeomorphism . | because the kinetic energy is the same for all electrons and holes in the lowest landau level , bec at strong fields is just as likely to occur in electron-electron bilayers as in electron-hole bilayers . |
in section 2 , we briefly recall the definition of a vertex algebra and our main object , lattice vertex algebras . | we recall the definitions of vertex operator algebras and their modules in this section . |
we consider a periodic arrangement of infinitely long superconducting strips in the bean critical-state , where an exact solution was obtained by mawatari . | for an infinitely high stack of equally spaced strips obeying the bean critical-state model an analytical solution was found by mawatari . |
our general approach follows wang et al , which is a state of the art method for learning a similarity metric between images . | this process follows wang et al , which is a state of the art method for learning a similarity metric between images . |
deep neural networks have achieved excellent performance in many areas , such as computer vision , speech processing , and language modelling . | neural networks are revolutionizing numerous fields including image and speech recognition , language processing , and robotics . |
previous work in the field of browser fingerprinting was based on analyzing the javascript behavior of browsers . | previous work in the field of browser fingerprinting was based on analyzing the javascript behavior of a browser . |
in principle , on the quasi-particle mass shell the gap parameter is an observable quantity , and thus must be independent of the choice of gauge . | the identity implies that , on the quasi-particle mass shell , the gap function and the quasi-particle dispersion relation are independent of the gauge parameter in covariant gauge up to subleading order . |
to the laplacian is the laplacian of a massless scalar field with an arbitrary endomorphism . | however , because the laplacian is a scalar and thus spherically symmetric , it can not produce a torque on our pendulum . |
random walks in complex networks have been heavily studied in the past years . | as a paradigmatic transport process , random walks on complex networks have been intensively studied . |
generalized complex geometry , oxford dphil thesis . | new aspects of the ddc-lemma , oxford dphil thesis . |
in addition , we apply dropout to the non-recurrent layers in our lstm network . | besides l 2 regularization , we also use dropout to reduce overfitting . |
mnih et al proposed a deep qnetwork that combines q-learning with a flexible deep neural network . | mnih et al proposed the deep q-network architecture which learns to estimate q-values using deep neural networks . |
recently , deep neural network based methods have lead to breakthroughs in several vision tasks , such as classification . | deep convolutional neural networks have successfully revolutionized various challenging tasks , eg , image classification . |
we use batch-normalization to estimate the uncertainty of super-resolution network . | additionally , we use batch-normalization to regularize the network . |
however , the quantum computer is a theoretical construct currently . | such a computer consists of a number of processors connected together in a network . |
the cms detector response for generated events is simulated using geant4 , which aims to reconstruct and identify each individual particle in an event , with an optimized combination of information from the various elements of the detector . | the particle-flow event algorithm reconstructs and identifies each individual particle with an optimized combination of information from the various elements of the cms detector . |
it was shown in that , under list-decoding , polar codes can achieve remarkably good performance at short code lengths . | for polar codes , it was shown in that a performance close to the one of an maximum likelihood decoder can be attained with a sufficiently large list size . |
hence the q-operator is the cpm transfer matrix in , however the degenerate forms are necessarily included . | the transfer chiral-potts matrix arises as the q-operator of the corresponding τ -matrix . |
the residual connection makes gradient propagation more fluent , allowing training deeper networks . | they improve the back-propagation of the gradient to the bottom layers , thus easing the training on very deep networks . |
cosmic strings are topologically stable gravitational defects which may have been created in the early universe after planck time by a vacuum phase transition . | cosmic strings are a special kind of topological defects , which could have been formed in a symmetry breaking phase transition in the early universe . |
for synthesis network , we follow the fully convolutional bottom-up approach . | using previous work , we augment the encoder network with the bottomup refinement approach . |
the idea gained widespread recognition with the bb84 quantum key-exchange protocol by bennett and brassard . | a quantum version of the protocol was invented by bennett and brassard . |
perfectly matched layers are absorbing boundary conditions commonly used for this purpose . | this treatment is equivalent to the use of perfectly matched layers . |
dislocations are line defects that play a central role in the mechanical deformation behavior of crystalline solids . | dislocations are linear defects whose motion is responsible for plastic deformation in crystalline materials . |
there are many types of neural networks , such as multilayer perceptrons , convolutional neural networks and recurrent neural networks . | recently , many studies have explored various deep neural networks such as convolutional neural networks or recurrent neural networks . |
moreover , because wt 0 , the tachyon is a natural candidate for dark energy and inflation . | thus , the tachyon is the unique field of level 0 , the gauge field aµ is the unique field of level 1 , etc . |
non-orthogonal multiple access is a promising multiple access technique for 5g networks which has the potential to address the issues associated with the exponential growth of data traffic such as spectrum scarcity and massive connectivity . | recently , non-orthogonal multiple access has drawn significant attention in both industry and academia as a promising multiple access technique for the fifth-generation wireless newtworks . |
in this case , we can describe empty spacetime but we must add matter ad hoc . | in general case , we can not determine this structure unambiguously . |
the cable trays can be disconnected from the cradle and chamber stack when the detectors need to be moved out of the experimental area for service or tests . | these cable trays are removable , to allow removal of the cradle and detectors from the seven racks of readout electronics and other services . |
since the beams consist of discrete bunches of particles , the size of the luminous region is defined by the size of the bunches . | since each of the two entangled beams is a noisy channel , they need to be recombined in order to decrypt the message . |
theory of recursive functions and effective computability . | stability , simplicity and the model theory of bilinear forms . |
the first term on the right-hand side of eq . | the first integral on the right-hand side of eq . |
answer failed to answer image vanishes image becomes less sharp image becomes bigger image becomes darker image does not change image upside , not upside down . | answer failed to answer image vanishes image becomes less sharp image becomes half image does not change image upside , not upside down image becomes darker . |
the categories thus obtained can be shown to be equivalent to the representation categories of the corresponding quantum groups . | now , the wzw categories coincide with the representation categories of quantum groups at root-of-unity deformation parameter . |
since unitarity is a concept in minkowski space only , violation of hermiticity of a euclidean action poses no problem . | thus , unitarity is a serious consideration . |
the proposed learning framework is implemented using pytorch library . | the neural network architecture are implemented using pytorch framework . |
this model is generally referred to as the double degenerate . | this sn ia model is known as the single degenerate model . |
among these are proofs of the positivity of transport coefficients , whose hydrodynamic version eq . | among these are proofs of the positivity of transport coefficients whose hydrodynamic version is given below , eq . |
in order to apply the local lemma in a constructive manner , we resort to a recent result by moser and tardos . | we build on the constructive proof of the local lemma by moser and tardos . |
the incident wave packet is linearly polarized . | the wave packet propagates in the direction of positive z . |
the research in this paper is built upon the existence results for solitons in semi-linear wave equations given in . | see also , the method in this paper has an application to the system of quasi-linear wave equations with quadratic nonlinear terms in 2d . |
cognitive radio is an emerging paradigm for efficiently exploiting the limited spectral resources . | dynamic spectrum access is one of the most important applications of cognitive radio . |
convolutional neural networks are the state of the art in image classification problems . | recently , convolutional neural networks have been effectively applied to image classification . |
the shanghaitech dataset contains 1198 annotated images with a total of 330,165 persons . | the shanghaitech dataset consists of 1198 images , with 330,165 annotated people . |
density-functional calculations were performed in the vasp pseudo-potential code utilizing the projectoraugmented wave method . | these calculations were performed within the local-density approximation to dft , without modeling the stm tip code . |
as described in the introduction , to compute this false alarm rate , it is typically assumed that the residuals are independent . | to compute this false alarm rate for classic anomaly detectors , it is typically assumed that the residuals are independent . |
convolutional neural networks have shown its great effectiveness in computer vision tasks . | convolutional neural networks have achieved superior performance in many visual tasks , such as object detection and segmentation . |
deep neural networks play an increasingly central role in a wide variety of state of the art machine learning applications . | convolutional neural networks have been instrumental to the recent breakthroughs in computer vision . |
for policy-gradient , we use the clipped-surrogate based ppo algorithm . | we use a policy gradient algorithm , proximal policy optimization , described previously . |
convolutional neural networks have seen tremendous success across different problems including image classification . | deep learning or deep neural networks have achieved extraordinary performance in many application domains such as image classification . |
given its similarity with an stp , we refer to a convex scsp as an ssp . | given its similarity to an stp , we refer to a convex scsp as an ssp . |
convolutional neural networks have achieved great success in grid structure data such as image and video . | large-scale deep neural networks or dnns have made breakthroughs in many fields , such as image recognition . |
positrons were detected following chemical separation . | decay and absorption curves were measured following chemical separation . |
however , this is not generally true since jorgensen recently found two non-isomorphic mixed moore graphs of diameter 2 , out-degree 7 , undirected degree 3 and order 108 . | however , this is not generally true sincejorgensen recently found two non-isomorphic mixed moore graphs of diameter 2 , out-degree 7 , undirected degree 3 and order 108 . |
deep convolutional neural networks have achieved dramatic accuracy improvements in many areas of computer vision . | recently , deep learning methods have made remarkable progress in computer vision and machine learning . |
additionally , danelljan et al exploit fast scale pyramid estimation to deal with scale variations . | danelljan et al proposed a separable scale filter based on a scale pyramid representation to estimate the scale variation of target . |
fu et al propose a recurrent attention convolutional neural network for fine-grained recognition , which recursively learns discriminative region attention and region-based feature representation at multiple scales . | fu et al introduce a recurrent attention convolutional neural network which recursively explores discriminative spatial regions and harvests multi-scale region based features for fine-grained image recognition . |
the modification is a chern-simons term that does not exist in even dimensions 1 as due to the coupling of the 4-d bulk theory to a defect 3-d cft . | the simplest modification is a noncovariant frequency cutoff . |
while gans have been applied to the image super-resolution frame in numerous ways , they have not been applied to the problem of video super-resolution yet . | while gans have been applied to the image super-resolution in numerous ways , they have not been applied to the problem of video super-resolution yet . |
the xavier initialization was implemented to randomly initialize the weights of the convolution kernels . | the xavier initialization method is used to initialize the weights for the first subproblem . |
moreover , we apply a batch normalization layer before each convolutional layer to improve the training speed and overall accuracy . | we also use batch normalization after each convolutional layer and before the relu layer . |
convolutional neural networks have achieved great success on visual recognition tasks . | deep neural networks have significantly improved the state of the art on many supervised tasks . |
therefore , we apply batch-normalization to the output activations of the layer to alleviate this problem . | in order to mitigate this effect , we use spatial batch normalization at each layer . |
we refer to and references cited therein for some early works on this subject . | we refer to and references cited therein for some early works in this respect . |
a quiver a is a finite oriented graph with no oriented cycles . | a quiver is a finite directed graph q , consisting of a finite set of vertices q0 and a finite set of arrows q1 between them . |
deep convolutional neural networks have become wider and deeper to achieve high performance on different applications . | in recent years , deep neural networks have been applied to many areas and have achieved huge success in different domains such as image classification . |
in this paper , we propose a novel market mechanism to price the the energy , uncertainty , and flexibility simultaneously based on the rscuc in . | in this paper , we propose a novel mechanism to price the energy , uncertainty , and flexibility simultaneously based on the ruc in . |
we demonstrate improved results using our approach for person detection on the pascal voc dataset . | we empirically evaluate our localization models on pas-cal voc detection challenge . |
we can only illustrate this situation by examples . | however we illustrate this concept by the following example . |
exchange-correlation was considered within the generalized gradient approximation , as proposed by perdew , burke , and ernzerhof . | the generalized gradient approximation of perdew , burke and ernzerhof was employed for the exchange-correlation potential . |
experiments with different levels of noise . | experiments with different numbers of modes . |
algorithm for the multiterminal cut problem has been proposed in . | an algorithm with a significantly improved runtime has been proposed in . |
collective cell migration is crucial to many physiological and pathological processes such as tissue regeneration , immune response and cancer progression . | collective cell migration in a complex micro-environment is crucial to many physiological and pathological processes including tissue regeneration , immune response and cancer progression . |
for instance , candes et al proposed a form of robust principal component analysis by introducing an additional sparse matrix to model the outliers . | for instance , candes et al proposed a form of robust principal component analysis by modeling outliers using a sparse matrix . |
however , rather surprisingly , certain ensembles exist consisting of unentangled states that can not be distinguished optimally using locc . | there exist sets of orthogonal product states that can not be discriminated perfectly by locc . |
however , the commonly used cnn models such as alexnet have a huge number of parameters , and their performance heavily depends on the availability of a large number of labeled training examples . | current commonly used cnn architectures such as alexnet have large numbers of parameters that require vast amounts of training data to achieve reasonably good performance . |
fe doped samples show ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature . | measurements reveal room temperature ferromagnetic behavior in fe doped . |
the dark square denotes the connected four-point function . | the dark shaded square denotes an insertion of the weak vertex , hλ from eq . |
such a genotype is a called the wild-type . | the genotype is the genetic constitution of an individual . |
this strongly suggests that friction is the primary cause of heat dissipation in the rotator , which is expected given the nature of the inertial drive mechanism by which the rotator operates . | friction is the only limitation for the predictability of the system . |
hove et al observed that when inflow and outflow tracts are obstructed in 37 hpf zebrafish , peristaltic myocardial contractions continue to persist and neither valvulogenesis , cardiac looping , nor chamber ballooning occur . | hove et al observed that when inflow and outflow tracts are obstructed in 37 hpf zebrafish , regular waves of myocardial contractions continue to persist and neither valvulogenesis , cardiac looping , nor chamber ballooning occur . |
zavertyaev , for the hera-b collaboration , these proceedings . | zhang , for the belle collaboration , these proceedings . |
the dimension of the coherent component is also invariant under seiberg duality . | for chiral four dimensional theories the master space is not isomorphic among seiberg dual phases . |
front propagation in complex fluid flows arises in many scientific areas such as combustion , population growth of ecological communities in the ocean . | front propagation in complex fluid flows arises in many areas of science , including combustion , growth of populations in the ocean . |
furthermore , this foliation is a riemannian foliation whose transverse metric coincides with the metric of v . | a foliation is a lamination for which the union of the leaves is all of m and a geodesic lamination is a lamination whose leaves are geodesics . |
the most common approach for quantifying probabilities are bayesian networks . | the most widely used probabilistic models are perhaps bayesian networks and markov networks . |
effect algebras and unsharp quantum logics . | effect algebras and para boolean manifolds . |
we can further assume that the meaning of a short text can be captured by averaging the representations of its words . | we can further assume that the meaning of a text can be captured by averaging the representations of its words . |
e matrix elements of the chromoelectric dipole and the weinberg operator are estimated using qcd sum rules and chiral techniques . | e matrix elements of the chromoelectric dipole operator are estimated using qcd sum rules and chiral techniques . |
reinforcement learning is a promising adaptive decision-making method in many fields . | reinforcement learning is a powerful algorithmic paradigm encompassing a wide array of contemporary algorithmic approaches . |
the ionelectron interaction was treated using the projector augmented wave . | the interactions between valence electrons and ionic were treated within the projector augmented wave basis . |
on the complexity side , it has been shown that it is ppad-complete to compute a nash equilibrium , even for bimatrix games . | it has recently been shown that the famous problem of finding a nash equilibrium in a bimatrix game is ppad-complete . |
as was noted in section 1 , one of the most interesting classes of matrices for which the finiteness conjecture holds , both for the generalized and lower spectral radius , is the so-called class of non-negative matrices with independent row uncertainty . | one of the most interesting classes of matrices for which the finiteness conjecture is valid , for both the generalized and the lower spectral radius , is the so-called class of non-negative matrices with independent row uncertainty . |
fan et al introduced point clouds as an output representation for 3d reconstruction . | fan et al use point clouds to reconstruct 3d objects from a given image . |
convolution-based deep neural networks have performed exceedingly well on 2d representation learning tasks . | convolutional neural networks have proved their dominating spot in various machine learning tasks , such as speech recognition . |
the batter with the fifth highest scoring index should bat first , second or between the fifth and seventh positions . | the batter with the second highest scoring index should bat between the first and fifth positions . |
the instability is the signature to a phase transition into a state with coherent radiation . | this instability is the precursor of a structural transition and prevents the direct evolution from a distorted to an undistorted cubic structure . |
later , meeks and rosenberg generalized this result to complete , embedded minimal surfaces with positive injectivity radius in r 3 in . | based on the proof of this result , meeks and rosenberg showed that complete , connected minimal surfaces with positive injectivity radius embedded in r 3 are proper . |
the security of their scheme relies on the dcr assumption and as a result , in the security reduction they can remove a factor which is cubic in the number of users . | the security of their scheme relies on the decisional composite residuosity assumption and as a result , in the security reduction they can remove a factor which is cubic in the number of users . |
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