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Goethe and the Power of Rhythm
A Biographical Essay
In fresh and spirited prose, John Barnes offers a captivating introduction to the life of Goethe as an inspiration for our times. He traces a powerful 18.6 year rhythm in Goethe’s biography, showing how his creative genius unfolded through repeated periods of crises and renewal. The fact that this rhythm corresponds exactly with cyclical movements of the earth and moon suggests a strong connection between the life of Goethe and the pulsing life of nature.
Goethe considered his participatory approach to nature to be his finest achievement in life, a contribution only now beginning to be appreciated as scientifically significant. Barnes focuses on Goethe’s development as a scientist, in the end applying Goethe’s own scientific method to his unfolding biography. In doing so, a remarkable archetypal lawfulness is revealed.
Goethe’s life and work inspire us to deepen our own connection to nature and to the pulsing rhythms of our lives. In light of the crises we face today, Goethe appears more than ever as a forerunner of a possible healing culture of the twenty-first century.
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Celebrating American Archives Month: Key Events to Mark Your Calendar
October has arrived, and with it comes the celebration of American Archives Month. This annual observance highlights the importance of archives in preserving history, promoting transparency, and fostering public engagement with historical records. This year, several key events are scheduled, providing opportunities for individuals and organizations to learn about the role of archivists and the significance of electronic records.
October 10: Electronic Records Day
On October 10, archivists and enthusiasts will celebrate Electronic Records Day, a day dedicated to raising awareness about the importance of electronic records in modern archival practice. The Council of State Archivists (CoSA) is hosting a special webinar focusing on the vital topic of metadata. Metadata is crucial for the management and accessibility of electronic records, ensuring that valuable digital information remains usable and discoverable.
This webinar will delve into best practices for creating and maintaining metadata, providing practical insights for both seasoned archivists and newcomers to the field. It is a perfect opportunity for archivists to enhance their skills and understanding of electronic record-keeping.
October 11: Ask An Archivist Day
The following day, October 11, will feature an interactive event designed to engage the public with archivists across the country. On this day, archivists will answer questions via social media, providing insights into their work, the challenges they face, and the resources available for individuals interested in learning more about archival practices.
This event is an excellent chance for the public to connect directly with archivists, ask about archival collections, or seek guidance on research methods. It fosters a sense of community and encourages curiosity about the invaluable work archivists do to preserve history.
American Archives Month serves as a reminder of the critical role that archives play in society. Archives safeguard not only government documents but also personal histories, cultural heritage, and community memories. By celebrating this month, we highlight the dedication of archivists who work tirelessly to preserve our past for future generations.
In an age where digital information is increasingly prevalent, the focus on electronic records and metadata is more important than ever. As records migrate to digital formats, ensuring their preservation and accessibility becomes a complex but essential task.
As we kick off American Archives Month, mark your calendars for these significant events on October 10 and 11. Engage with the archival community, deepen your understanding of electronic records, and celebrate the indispensable work of archivists. Whether you are a seasoned professional or simply curious about the world of archives, these events promise valuable insights and connections. Let's honor the past and advocate for the future of our collective memory!
October already? Happy American Archives Month! Mark your calendars for: October 10: #ERecsDay October 10: Electronic Records Day Webinar from the Council of State Archivists (CoSA) -- focusing on Metadata! October 11: #AskAnArchivistDay https://www.statearchivists.org/events/event-description?CalendarEventKey=10dd68fd-13ad-4cd6-ac2e-0190bcd1b59d&Home=%2fprograms-education%2fcosa-webinars
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The lottery is a popular pastime for many Americans. It contributes to billions of dollars in prizes every year, but the odds are incredibly low that any individual will win. Despite this, people continue to play in the hope of winning, and state lotteries are still profitable for their sponsors. However, there are some concerns about state governments profiting from gambling, particularly since the proceeds from lotteries are largely untaxed.
Lottery games vary in complexity, but they all involve a random draw of numbers and a prize pool that can include one large sum or many smaller ones. The total value of the prize depends on the number of tickets sold and other costs, such as advertising and taxes. Some states require a portion of the prize money to be set aside for social programs and other public needs.
In order to make the most of the money from ticket sales, a lottery promoter typically advertises a large jackpot prize and offers other types of smaller prizes to attract players. The promotional strategy has led to some problems, including an increase in the prevalence of problem gambling and other adverse consequences for vulnerable populations. In addition, the promotion of lottery games tends to work at cross-purposes with other state revenue sources.
Initially, state lotteries were promoted as a way for government to fund a broad range of services without imposing onerous taxes on middle-class and working class taxpayers. In the immediate postwar period, this arrangement worked well, but by the 1970s, inflation and the cost of the Vietnam War began to erode that balance. As a result, state governments began to rely more heavily on the lottery for its share of tax revenues.
Most people believe that they are not going to win the lottery, but many people do have a sliver of hope, even though they know that it is irrational and mathematically impossible. That sliver of hope, however, provides value to lottery players who are not rich and may have few other prospects for financial success.
In a sense, the state lottery is a bit like an insurance policy that allows individuals to purchase protection against financial ruin. While there are risks associated with playing the lottery, if you play smartly, you can maximize your chances of winning. For example, it is best to avoid picking dates or sequences that are used by hundreds of other lottery players. Instead, it is better to pick random numbers or Quick Picks. In this way, you can avoid having to split a huge prize with anyone else who also picked those numbers.
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Leadership development is a critical aspect of building strong and effective organizations, and it's a topic that has been explored for centuries. The Bible, as a timeless source of wisdom and guidance, provides valuable insights into what it means to be a good leader. While the Bible doesn't offer a specific leadership development curriculum, its narratives and teachings offer profound lessons about leadership qualities, responsibilities, and the impact of a leader's actions. This article delves into the biblical perspective on leadership development, exploring key principles and lessons that can be applied in modern leadership contexts.
The Biblical Framework for Leadership Development
The Bible presents leadership as a calling, a responsibility entrusted by God. Throughout its narratives, we see various examples of leaders, both positive and negative, highlighting the principles and practices that contribute to effective leadership. Key biblical themes that inform leadership development include:
Central to the biblical understanding of leadership is the concept of servant leadership. Jesus Christ, the ultimate example of leadership in the Bible, demonstrated this principle throughout his ministry. He washed his disciples' feet, a humble act that symbolized his willingness to serve others. Philippians 2:3-7 emphasizes this concept: "Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit, but in humility consider others better than yourselves. Each of you should look not only to your own interests, but also to the interests of others. Your attitude should be the same as that of Christ Jesus: Who, being in very nature God, did not consider equality with God something to be used to his own advantage; rather, he made himself nothing by taking the very nature of a servant, being made in human likeness."
Servant leadership is characterized by:
- Humility: Recognizing that leadership is not about power or control but about serving others.
- Selflessness: Prioritizing the needs and well-being of the team over personal gain.
- Empathy: Understanding and responding to the needs of others.
- Accessibility: Being approachable and available to those they lead.
The Bible emphasizes the importance of moral integrity as a foundational element of effective leadership. Proverbs 20:28 states, "A king who sits on a throne of justice strengthens his kingdom." Leaders who demonstrate integrity inspire trust, respect, and loyalty from those they lead.
Biblical examples of integrity in leadership include:
- Joseph: He resisted temptation and remained faithful to God's purpose, ultimately leading him to a position of leadership in Egypt.
- Daniel: He remained steadfast in his faith despite persecution, demonstrating unwavering integrity and loyalty to God.
Vision and Direction:
A key aspect of leadership is the ability to envision a future and guide others toward achieving that vision. Proverbs 29:18 states, "Where there is no vision, the people perish." Leaders who have a clear vision inspire and motivate their followers, providing a sense of purpose and direction.
Biblical examples of visionary leadership:
- Nehemiah: He had a clear vision for rebuilding the walls of Jerusalem and led the people to accomplish this task.
- Moses: He led the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt and into the Promised Land, guided by God's vision.
Communication and Collaboration:
Effective leaders communicate clearly, listen attentively, and foster collaboration within their teams. Proverbs 15:22 emphasizes the importance of effective communication: "Without counsel, plans go awry, but in the multitude of counselors, they are established."
Biblical examples of effective communication in leadership:
- Paul: He was a skilled communicator, effectively sharing the Gospel and building relationships with people from diverse backgrounds.
- Esther: She used her position of influence to communicate the needs of her people to the king, ultimately saving her people from destruction.
Applying Biblical Principles to Leadership Development
The biblical principles of leadership development can be applied in modern leadership contexts to foster ethical, effective, and impactful leadership.
Cultivate Humility and Service:
Effective leaders prioritize the needs of their team members and recognize that true leadership is about serving others. They create a culture of humility and teamwork, ensuring that everyone feels valued and respected.
Embrace Moral Integrity:
Leaders who exhibit moral integrity gain the trust and respect of their team members. They operate with transparency, honesty, and accountability, setting a strong example for others to follow.
Develop Vision and Direction:
By setting a clear vision for the future and inspiring others to embrace it, leaders can unite their teams around a common purpose and create a sense of shared ownership.
Embrace Effective Communication and Collaboration:
Leaders must be skilled communicators, clearly articulating their vision, goals, and expectations. They actively listen to their team members, encouraging feedback and open dialogue. They also foster a collaborative environment where team members feel empowered to contribute their ideas and work together towards a common goal.
Seek Guidance and Wisdom:
The Bible emphasizes the importance of seeking guidance and wisdom from God and from other trusted sources. This can involve prayer, meditation, studying Scripture, and seeking mentorship from individuals with experience and wisdom.
Develop Emotional Intelligence:
Effective leaders are emotionally intelligent, understanding and managing their own emotions and being sensitive to the emotions of others. They are empathetic, compassionate, and skilled at building relationships and fostering trust.
The Bible provides a rich tapestry of insights into leadership development, offering timeless principles that can be applied in today's world. By embracing the principles of servant leadership, moral integrity, vision and direction, effective communication, and guidance, leaders can develop their skills and cultivate a more effective and impactful leadership style. The Bible's lessons serve as a powerful reminder that leadership is not about power and control but about serving others, fostering a positive impact, and making a difference in the world.
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The Bible offers a wealth of wisdom on the topic of marriage, encompassing various aspects, including the crucial role of finances. Understanding these biblical principles can provide a solid foundation for couples as they navigate the financial aspects of their union. This article explores the key teachings of the Bible on marriage and money, shedding light on how couples can establish healthy financial habits and navigate potential conflicts.
The Biblical Foundation for Marriage and Finances
The Bible presents marriage as a sacred union ordained by God, emphasizing a lifelong commitment between a man and a woman. It's not simply a social contract but a covenant that reflects God's design for human relationships. Within this context, the handling of finances becomes a crucial aspect of the marriage relationship.
God's Perspective on Money
Before delving into the specifics of marriage and finances, it's important to understand the Bible's overall perspective on money. Scripture emphasizes that God is the ultimate source of all wealth (Deuteronomy 8:18). He entrusts us with resources to be used wisely and generously. The Bible repeatedly warns against the love of money, viewing it as a potential root of evil (1 Timothy 6:10). It encourages us to seek a balance between financial security and a generous spirit, prioritizing God's kingdom above material possessions (Matthew 6:24).
The Husband's Role in Finances
The Bible outlines specific roles for husbands and wives in marriage. 1 Timothy 5:8 describes the husband as the "head of the household," implying responsibility for the family's financial well-being. This leadership role doesn't equate to absolute authority but rather a commitment to responsible stewardship and wise decision-making. The husband should guide and protect his family, consulting with his wife in financial matters and fostering a sense of shared responsibility.
The Wife's Role in Finances
While the husband is typically described as the head, the wife plays a vital and equal role in the financial management of a marriage. Proverbs 31:10-31 paints a picture of a virtuous woman who contributes significantly to her family's prosperity. Her wisdom, diligence, and entrepreneurial spirit are highly valued in scripture. The wife's input and insights are essential in financial decision-making, promoting mutual understanding and collaboration.
Shared Financial Responsibility
The Bible clearly advocates for shared financial responsibility within marriage. While the husband may take the lead, both partners should actively participate in managing their finances. This collaborative approach fosters trust, transparency, and a sense of shared ownership. Proverbs 13:10 states, "Pride leads to conflict, but wisdom is found in those who take advice," emphasizing the importance of open communication and shared decision-making.
Avoiding Financial Conflict
Financial disagreements are a common source of tension in marriages. The Bible emphasizes the importance of communication, transparency, and mutual respect as crucial elements in preventing financial conflicts. Proverbs 15:22 states, "Plans fail for lack of counsel, but with many advisers they succeed." This verse highlights the value of seeking advice and discussing financial matters openly with one another.
The Bible promotes financial stewardship, encouraging couples to use their resources wisely and generously. This involves living within their means, budgeting responsibly, and giving back to others. 2 Corinthians 9:7 reminds us, "Each of you should give what you have decided in your heart to give, not reluctantly or under compulsion, for God loves a cheerful giver." This verse encourages generosity and emphasizes the importance of giving with a joyful heart.
Practical Applications for Marriage and Finances
1. Open Communication: Regular and honest conversations about finances are crucial. This includes discussing spending habits, financial goals, and any outstanding debts.
2. Budgeting: Creating a budget is essential for managing money effectively. This involves tracking income, expenses, and allocating funds for different categories.
3. Saving and Investing: Setting financial goals and developing a savings plan is important. Investing wisely can help build long-term financial security.
4. Debt Management: Addressing debt is crucial. Couples should develop a strategy to pay down debt and avoid accumulating further debt.
5. Financial Planning: Planning for the future is vital. This includes planning for retirement, education costs, and other financial needs.
6. Giving: Generosity is an essential part of financial stewardship. Couples should consider giving a portion of their income to charitable causes.
The Bible offers invaluable insights on marriage and money, guiding couples towards a path of financial stability, generosity, and spiritual growth. By embracing biblical principles of shared responsibility, communication, and stewardship, couples can create a strong financial foundation for their marriage. Remember, it's not about accumulating wealth but about using God-given resources wisely and honoring Him in every aspect of their lives. Understanding the Bible's perspective on marriage and money empowers couples to navigate the financial aspects of their relationship with wisdom, trust, and generosity.
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CRYPTOGRAPHIC IMPLEMENTATION RESISTANT TO SIDE CHANNEL ATTACKS ON RECONFIGURABLE HARDWARE
The advent of the Internet of things has revolutionized the way we view the infrastructure of information technology and constantly pushes the boundaries of amalgamating the physical world with computer-based systems. For instance, allowing objects to sense and be controlled remotely across a network and forming technology hubs like smart grids, smart homes, virtual power plants, and smart cities. However, in today's data-intensive computation-driven services, security and data privacy is perhaps the largest of the pitfalls.\ To give an example to support my assertion, according to Business Insider intelligence survey which was conducted in the last quarter of 2014, 39 percent of respondents felt that security is the biggest concern in adopting Internet of things technology. Security, trust, and privacy have always played a crucial part in computer security and with the advent of technologies like Internet of things & Cyber physical systems, recently the number of devices connected to the internet has gone up, thus the need for security has also increased. The art of keeping messages secret is cryptography, while cryptanalysis is a study attempting to defeat cryptographic techniques. Strong cryptographic algorithms are just the beginning for securing your device. Current cryptographic algorithms have very high standards of security. For embedded devices connected to a network uses a special type of cryptographic algorithms called lightweight cryptography systems, which are highly resource efficient. However, these cryptographic implementations are not as secure as full-fledged algorithms used in computer systems. There is something called as power profile which can leak information from the card. There are software and hardware implementations of the cipher which can lead to timing attacks. To tackle this We propose an AES cryptographic implementation that is resistant to power side channel attacks. The deliverable from this thesis is the implementation of AES algorithm on a 32-bit Cortex M4 microcontroller and then applying three different side channel attack techniques: differential power attack, correlation, power attack and differential fault analysis techniques to leak the key of AES-128 so that security of the device is compromised and proposing two countermeasures to make the AES implementation resistant to side channel attacks.
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Ever wondered how often you should water your cucumbers to keep them thriving? Picture this: you’re excited about your cucumber plants, but unsure if you’re giving them the right amount of water. Don’t worry, we’ve all been there. In this article, we’ll dive into the watering needs of cucumbers and provide you with practical tips to ensure your plants grow healthy and fruitful.
Imagine the satisfaction of harvesting fresh cucumbers from your own garden, knowing you’ve mastered the art of watering them just right. By the end of this read, you’ll have a clear understanding of the watering schedule that suits your cucumbers best. Say goodbye to wilted leaves and hello to vibrant, flourishing cucumber plants, all thanks to a few simple watering adjustments.
Understanding Cucumber Watering Needs
When it comes to watering cucumbers, getting the frequency right is crucial for their growth. Cucumbers are thirsty plants that appreciate consistently moist soil to flourish. Here’s what you need to know:
- Cucumbers generally need about 1-1.5 inches of water per week. Adjust based on weather conditions – increase during hot, dry spells.
- Check the soil moisture by feeling the top inch – if it’s dry, it’s time to water.
- Avoid overwatering as it can lead to root rot. Ensure proper drainage to prevent waterlogging.
- Early morning watering is ideal; it allows leaves to dry before evening, reducing disease risks.
- Use mulch around the plants to retain soil moisture and reduce water evaporation.
- Container-grown cucumbers may need more frequent watering as they dry out faster than those planted in the ground.
- **Tip: Watch out for wilting leaves as a sign of insufficient water, but be cautious not to mistake it for overwatering.
By understanding cucumber watering needs and following these guidelines, you can ensure your plants stay hydrated and healthy for a bountiful harvest.
Factors Influencing Cucumber Watering Frequency
When deciding how often to water your cucumbers, several key factors come into play. Understanding these factors will help you optimize watering frequency for your cucumber plants:
- Weather Conditions: Hot, dry weather will require more frequent watering to keep the soil moist and provide sufficient hydration to the plants.
- Soil Type: Well-draining soil will need more frequent watering compared to heavier soils that retain moisture for longer periods.
- Plant Growth Stage: Young seedlings and flowering plants often require more water compared to established plants.
- Container Size: Smaller containers dry out faster than larger ones, necessitating more frequent watering.
- Mulching: Applying mulch around your cucumber plants helps retain moisture in the soil, reducing the need for frequent watering.
- Cultivation Type: Container-grown cucumbers may require more frequent watering than those grown in the ground.
By considering these factors, you can adjust your watering schedule to meet the specific needs of your cucumber plants, ensuring they receive adequate hydration for healthy growth.
Signs of Overwatering and Underwatering Cucumbers
- Leaves turning yellow or wilting
- Root rot due to excessive moisture
- Soggy soil and presence of mold or fungus
- Stunted growth and a musty odor
- Wilting and curling leaves
- Dull and dry appearance
- Slow growth and small, bitter cucumbers
- Soil pulling away from container edges
Adjust your watering schedule based on these signs to keep your cucumber plants healthy and thriving.
Best Practices for Watering Cucumbers
When it comes to watering cucumbers, it’s essential to follow some best practices to ensure your plants thrive. Here’s what you need to know:
- Consistent Watering: Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Aim for 1-2 inches of water per week, either through rainfall or manual watering.
- Morning Watering: Water your cucumbers in the morning to allow foliage to dry during the day, reducing the risk of fungal diseases.
- Water at the Base: Direct your watering efforts at the base of the plants to minimize water splashing on the leaves, which can lead to disease.
- Check Soil Moisture: Before watering, check the soil moisture by inserting your finger into the soil up to about 1-2 inches deep. Water only if it feels dry at that depth.
- Mulch Application: Apply a layer of mulch around your cucumber plants to help retain moisture in the soil and reduce water evaporation.
Important Data | |
Watering Amount for Cucumbers | 1-2 inches per week |
Depth to Check Soil Moisture | 1-2 inches deep |
Creating a Customized Watering Schedule
To develop a tailored watering plan for your cucumber plants, consider factors like weather conditions, soil type, and plant growth stage.
Adjust your watering frequency based on the weather. Hot and dry conditions may require more frequent watering, while rainy periods typically mean you can ease off.
Sandy soil tends to drain quickly and may need more frequent watering. On the other hand, clay soil retains moisture longer, so adjust your schedule accordingly.
Plant Growth Stage
Young plants need more frequent watering to establish roots. Once plants are established, you can gradually reduce watering frequency.
Now that you have a better understanding of how to water your cucumber plants, remember to observe weather conditions, soil type, and plant growth stage when creating a watering schedule. Adjust the frequency based on factors like hot weather, soil drainage, and the growth stage of your plants. By customizing your watering routine, you’ll ensure that your cucumber plants receive the optimal amount of water they need to thrive. Happy gardening!
Frequently Asked Questions
How can I create a watering schedule for my cucumber plants?
To create a watering schedule for your cucumber plants, consider weather conditions, soil type, and plant growth stage. Adjust frequency based on factors like hot and dry weather, soil type (sandy soil needs more water than clay), and plant growth stage (more water for young plants).
What factors should I consider when adjusting the watering frequency for my cucumber plants?
Adjust watering frequency based on weather conditions, soil type, and plant growth stage. In hot and dry weather, increase watering. Sandy soil requires more water compared to clay soil. Young plants need more water to establish roots.
Why is a customized watering schedule important for cucumber plants?
A customized watering schedule ensures that cucumber plants receive the right amount of water at the right times. This approach optimizes plant health and growth by addressing specific needs based on weather conditions, soil type, and growth stage.
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The surname “Durusoy” is a fascinating example of how familial names can encapsulate cultural, historical, and geographical identities. As surnames often carry deep meanings and significances tied to their origins, understanding “Durusoy” presents a glimpse into its Turkish roots and the lineage of those who bear it. This article will explore the name’s meaning, its historical evolution, and notable personalities associated with it, ultimately offering a comprehensive understanding of this unique last name.
Origins and Meaning
The surname “Durusoy” is of Turkish origin, consisting of two components: “dur” and “soy.” In Turkish, “dur” translates to “stand” or “stop,” implying stability or permanence, while “soy” means “lineage” or “bloodline,” suggesting a connection to ancestry. Together, “Durusoy” can be interpreted as “the lineage that stands firm” or “resilient ancestry,” which speaks to a sense of strength and continuity in family history. This name likely conveys pride in one’s heritage and an emphasis on the vital role of family within Turkish culture.
History and Evolution
The historical journey of the surname “Durusoy” intricately interweaves with the developments in Turkish society, particularly during the Ottoman Empire and beyond. As the empire expanded, it became a melting pot of cultures, languages, and traditions. During this period, surnames began to take on more significance, often reflecting the social status or occupations of families.
In the 20th century, particularly with the establishment of the Republic of Turkey in 1923, the Turkish government encouraged the adoption of surnames to create a sense of national identity. This led to families across the nation selecting or being assigned surnames that represented their heritage and character. “Durusoy” likely emerged during this time as families sought to solidify their identities and distinguish themselves within a diverse populace.
As migration patterns evolved, many individuals with the surname “Durusoy” found themselves settling in various regions around the world, further contributing to the name’s history. Each new environment introduced the surname to different cultures, allowing “Durusoy” to evolve and adapt while maintaining its core significance.
Among the notable figures bearing the “Durusoy” surname, one can find individuals who have made significant contributions to various fields such as arts, sciences, and politics. Although not widely prominent on the global stage, members of the Durusoy family have often played crucial roles within their local communities. Their contributions reflect the virtues associated with the name, embodying resilience, strength, and commitment to their heritage.
The surname “Durusoy” serves as a reflection of the rich cultural heritage and history of its bearers. With its roots in Turkish language and culture, the name conveys meanings of strength and lineage, indicating an enduring legacy. Through examining its origins, historical context, and notable individuals, one can appreciate the multifaceted identity that “Durusoy” represents within the larger narrative of Turkish surnames. As families continue to pass down this name through generations, it remains a testament to their resilience and dedication to preserving their lineage.
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Middle School/High School
Nearly everywhere we look on the planet, there are bacteria and fungus among us! If we’re lucky, they’ll be in the form of a tasty truffle, Roquefort blue cheese, or a gut-healthy probiotic yogurt.
The students in your class will be in awe of the number of ways bacteria and fungi impact our lives. Some are pathogens that cause disease, while we use others to purify our water and produce medicine. Scientists even find ways to pit the two organisms against each other. For example, in the historic cage match (or petri dish match) between Penicillium rubrum (fungus) and Staphylococcus aureus (bacteria), the fungus obliterates the staph bacteria and rises as the undisputed champion. Lucky for us, penicillin is the miracle drug that has saved millions from bacterial infections.
Download the Working with Bacteria and Fungi care guide above to support your lessons that break down the facts and encourage students to explore the world around them.
Working with Bacteria and Fungi introduces students to the fundamentals of various topics, including aseptic techniques, culturing, microorganisms, physiology, respiration, reproduction, and more.
What are the 6 Kingdoms of Living Organisms?
Bacteria are in the Kingdom Monera, and Fungi is the kingdom that includes yeasts, molds, and all species of mushrooms and toadstools. All living organisms are classified into one of the following six kingdoms:
- Animal - (aka Metazoa) are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms
- Plant - immobile, multicellular eukaryotes; predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes
- Fungi - multicellular aerobic heterotrophic eukaryotes
- Protista - single-cell, primitive eukaryotic organism; paraphyletic (descended from a common ancestor, but not including all descendants).
- Monera - Archaebacteria; no cell nucleus nor any other membrane-bound organelles within their cells; most but not all have a cell wall
- Monera - Eubacteria; Prokaryotic, single-cell organisms
But don’t set that number six in stone! Classification systems evolve with advances in genetic research, like Thomas Cavalier-Smith adding a new group in 2015 to the previous six for algae called Chromista. Students in higher grade levels might enjoy joining the 6 Kingdoms vs. 7+ Kingdoms debate!
Use bacteria and fungi cultures in your classroom to help students observe these organisms’ morphology, reproduction processes, and other biological functions. Download the Working with Bacteria and Fungi guide at the top of this page to help you get started.
For help caring for your live bacteria and fungus, check out our Bacteria and Fungus Care Guide.
About Ward’s Science Live Materials
Ward’s Science is committed to supplying high-quality specimens that support a wide variety of classroom activities and research. Because we cultivate and care for all of our live materials in our onsite labs, we ensure that your materials are always fresh, healthy, and delivered on time.
For more information about how to care for live materials, visit our Live Material Care Guide page; it has instructional and informational literature sheets for the most popular live specimens in our collection. From algae to vertebrates and everything in between, you will find the facts and instructions necessary to properly provide care for your live specimens and enrich your lessons with additional background information.
Our expert biologists and lab technicians are here to help with questions or one-on-one support with your live materials—Email [email protected] for personalized support, custom orders, and more.
Ward's® Gram Staining and Bacterial Morphology Lab Activity
Students perform a Gram stain on various species of bacteria to recognize gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Watch this video How to Prepare a Gram Stain Slide.
Ward's® Fungi Kingdom Survey Set
Study the morphological differences in the fungi kingdom and a lichen which shows the symbiotic relationship between fungi and algae.
Bacteria and Fungi Slide Set
An ideal selection to demonstrate morphological differences between two kingdoms.
Ward's® Live Mycobacterium smegmatis culture
This organism is occasionally isolated from soil but most frequently from smegma- a secretion from male and female genitalia.
Biological Diversity - Five Kingdoms Slide Set
Representatives from the traditional taxonomic scheme
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Microservices have revolved around the architecture and characteristics of businesses giving them the organizational advantages of:
- Easy code updating, adding features and functionalities without touching the whole application.
- Provision of using different technology stacks and programming languages for different elements by the teams.
- Dealing components independently, without having to scale the entire application as a single feature can give too much load, thereby reducing junk and cost of development.
Microservices or microservice architecture is an architectural category in which frequent and credible delivery of applications is enabled. According to a recent Statista survey, the microservices adoption level in organizations in the global context showed that 37% of the organisations adopted microservices partially.
In yet another survey, 45% of the organisation stated that data analytics/business intelligence applications use microservices. The cloud-native architectural approach has its technology stack like data management model and database and interacts with each other through APIs.
Did you know that eBay, Amazon, Twitter, PayPal are all examples of microservice architecture. Well, there are more interesting facts about microservice architecture. Let’s explore…
What is microservice architecture?
In microservices, a single application is made of many loosely associated and independently deployable smaller components in a cloud-native architectural approach. The microservices commonly include:
- Own technology stack including database and data management model.
- Interacting ability with each other through a combination of Rest APIs, event streaming and/or message proxies.
- Organized by business capability with the line segregating services often referred to as a bounded text.
How microservices work?
As already mentioned, a set of services that act together and interact through APIs or data streams to make an entire application work is what microservices are all about.
But how does the underlying software work? The coming session will brief you how the microservices work through simple explanations.
The teams who built the service with the underlying software or the hardware on which it is built is the primary focus of the working side of the microservice architecture. Your company’s teams involved in microservices have to be resilient with a strong communication channel and dynamic service upgradings.
Kubernetes are not necessary components of microservices, but have helped in advancing the microservices to a large extent. Furthermore, cloud computing is yet another reason for the following progressions that happened in the microservices field:
- There is no need for users to have a robust computer system to run the necessary operations
- Companies using individual servers to run its service every time users run the application
In microservice architecture, the users’ system might be responsible for basic processing. But mostly these users will be responsible for sending and receiving network calls to other computers.
While using a microservice-made application, you should assume a certain number (say 10 or 15 or even more) in order to enhance the user experience.
Microservices are regarded as a sensible evolution of SOA and monolithic architectures, but there are visible differences between these architectures.
How is microservice different from Monolithic architecture and SOA?
Monolithic architecture and Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) are the most frequently drawn comparisons of microservice architecture.
Monolithic architecture composes large, tightly coupled applications whereas microservices have single applications from several loosely coupled services- this is the primary difference between the two.
Microservices and SOA has it’s disparities in terms of technical parameters particularly in terms of Enterprise Service Bus (ESB). For SOA, there is an enterprise-wide measure to normalize the manner in which various web services in an organisation interact with each other, but microservice architecture is application-specific.
What is microservice architecture used for?
Microservices help in quickening applications development and are commonly built using Java. Other languages supported by microservice architecture include Golang, Python, Node JS, .Net etc.
Some of the examples where microservice architecture is used are:
A complex application that is built on a monolithic platform can be migrated to a cloud-powered and container-based microservices platform.
You can transfer and store images, videos and other media contents in a scalable storage system that can be directed to website or mobile applications using microservice architecture.
Transactions and invoices
Ordering and payment processing are separate units of services as a payment can be accepted if invoices are not working.
Modular data processing services can be powered with cloud services with the help of microservices platform.
What are the characteristics of microservice architecture?
Microservices have multiple components and each component can be deployed, altered and redeployed separately without affecting the app integrity. This means that you need to change only one or more of the multiple component services when necessary and need not redeploy the application as a whole.
Unlike traditional architecture like the monolithic architecture that concentrates on UI, databases, technology layers or server-side logic, micro services concentrate on business abilities and priorities. Through cross-functional teams, each of them concentrate on one or more of individual services communicating through the message bus. The teams will follow the ‘you build it, you run it’ policy and have to assume complete ownership of the product in microservices.
Microservices receive requests, process them, and generate a corresponding response. For other products like ESB, there will be high-tech systems for message routing, choreography, and business rules. In microservices, the presence of smart endpoints process info, apply logic and manage routes through which information flows.
To solve common problems faced by the developers and to share the tools for resolving the problem, decentralized governance is supported by the microservices community. Micro service architecture has decentralised data management also, with each service managing its unique database.
Resistant to failure
As microservices have different services communicating with each other, when one service fails it is quite possible that the other fails too. But microservices are designed to adjust with such failures by enabling the neighbouring services to keep running even when a service fails. Continuous monitoring will prevent risk of failure to a large degree.
Microservice architecture has an evolutionary design that is optimal for evolutionary systems as understanding the type of devices accessing your application is totally unpredictable. Applications that were initiated on monolithic architecture can be upgraded to microservice architecture to meet certain requirements and enable interactions through API.
What are the benefits of microservice architecture?
- Developers can independently develop and deploy services.
- A small team is enough to develop a microservice.
- Different languages can be used for different services.
- Easy integration and automated deployment can be done.
- Developers can easily understand and modify, and hence a new team member can become efficient in no time.
- Latest technologies can be used.
- The code is centred on business capabilities.
- Faster deployment through quick initiating of the web containers.
- Change can be made to a particular service or group of services alone, instead of rebuilding the entire app.
- Failures can be isolated i.e. if one service fails, the other will continue to function.
- Third-party integration is easily scalable and integrable.
- There is no long term commitment to technology stacks.
The future of microservice architecture:
Microservices are potent ideas that offer many advantages in terms of developing enterprise applications. Developers and organisations have been in the quest for an architecture that could use APIs and microservices is the one viable solution they arrived at.
Microservices could resolve a number of segmentation and communication issues of the existing technologies. When you contemplate the complexity and communication requirements of SaaS or IoT or other modern technology applications, microservices have a very bright future to propose.
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Oxycodone is an opioid analgesic medication that was first developed in 1916 in Germany, as one of several new semi-synthetic opioids with several benefits over the older traditional opiates. It is very popular in the prescription pain killer market partly because of its longer release time. OxyContin is effective in releasing its active ingredient, oxycodone over a 12 hour period which provides pain relief for much longer than traditional painkillers.
OxyContin is an abuseable drug and is one of the most tightly controlled substances that have a commonly accepted medical use. People found ways of using OxyContin that would bypass the 12 hour release time so that all of the oxycodone was released at once. This led to several overdose cases that ended up in ER or in death.
So why should OxyContin be so addictive? All opiates cause their users to develop tolerance which means that their body is accustomed to the drug and is more effective at removing its effects. This means that higher and higher doses need to be used in order to get the “high”. The body develops a physical dependence on opiates like OxyContin and if the user discontinues the drug he/she will experience withdrawal symptoms. Addiction is highly likely because of these two factors.
OxyContin is addictive because of the way in which people abuse it. Instead of taking the slow release tablet that releases the dose over 12 hours they inject or snort it. This releases a great deal more of the active ingredient than the manufacturer intended. This alters the chemicals in the brain and the person starts to seek more of the drug in order to obtain the sense of euphoria they associate with it. In high doses, overdoses or in patients not tolerant to opiates, oxycodone can cause shallow breathing, bradycardia, cold, clammy skin, apnea, hypotension, pupil constriction, circulatory collapse, respiratory arrest and death.
Overdose on OxyContin is quite possible because the user is ingesting more of the active ingredient at a much faster rate than has been medically tested. This is particularly dangerous when coupled with the fact that people will need higher and higher doses as a result of building tolerance to the drug.
Oxycodone abuse is becoming more prevalent because although the public have general knowledge about its effects they lack detailed factual knowledge about its dangers. It is often obtained illegally through dishonesty at pharmacies or approaching multiple doctors.
We Do Recover understands how difficult getting off OxyContin can be. Our staff are trained to help you find an effective treatment program in South Africa that will help you get clean. Let our caring professionals help you free yourself of the emotional and psychological prison of misery and anxiety that accompanies addiction.
If you or a loved one is sick and tired of being sick and tired it is time to get help in an effective drug rehab center in South Africa. The decision about which rehabilitation center is very important and we can help you find affordable and comfortable detoxification (detox) centers and direct you towards world class rehabilitation (rehab) clinics afterwards. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you would like caring and expert advice in finding a drug rehab clinic in South Africa.
Founded in 2008, WeDoRecover has evolved from an advisory service for addiction treatment into a comprehensive provider of care, following its 2019 merger with Changes Addiction Rehab in Johannesburg. Specialising in connecting patients to top-tier addiction treatment centers in the UK, South Africa and supporting individuals in recovery world wide.
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Blizzards, ice storms, and powerful winds will strike this winter. It’s impossible to predict just where they’ll hit, but anyone might need to endure cold nights without electricity until utility workers restore power.
Don’t be caught in the cold.
People can survive a few cold days in relative comfort by piling on layers of clothes or snuggling under thick quilts at night. But, even the most well insulated house will gradually cool as soon as a power outage shuts down the furnace. Eventually pipes will freeze, causing enormous damage as water squirts on carpet, furniture, books and electronics. In fact everywhere!
Will your heating system work without electricity? Find out before a blizzard leaves your family in the cold.
If your heating system depends on electricity, now is a good time to install back up heat.
Two ways determine whether the furnace will work. The best is to call your local heating company and ask. Or, turn off the circuit breaker that feeds power to the furnace and give it a try. It probably won’t work. So, get to work protecting your home, furnishings and family.
Winding Pathways encourages homeowners to eliminate the risk of freezing pipes by taking precautions before cold weather arrives. Probably the best strategy is to invest in insulation and to replace old windows that leak cold air. A well-insulated home cools more slowly than a poorly insulated one. But having a backup heat source that doesn’t require electricity is important even in thickly insulated homes.
Electric wires are stretched between poles above ground where they are vulnerable to storms. In contrast natural gas lines are buried in the ground and are immune to storms but vulnerable to earthquakes. The chance of losing electricity is higher than losing gas.
Most modern gas and oil furnaces need electricity to work. It powers blowers that distribute warm air through ducts or circulates hot water to radiators. When a storm knocks out power the furnace shuts down.
Winding Pathways is in frigid Iowa where it can be 25 below zero with high wind for a week or more. A traditional furnace heats our home but won’t work without electricity so we’ve done two things that will keep us, and our pipes, warm.
We hired a professional to install a woodstove downstairs. And all spring and summer we cut, cured and stacked a few cords of wood. We enjoy its cozy heat even when the power works. It reduces our natural gas bill and would keep the house warm without electricity. Woodstoves aren’t for everyone. They require work to cut and stack the wood and maintain the fire. Firewood takes lots of storage space and stoves bring dust and smoke into the house. For those who don’t want to deal with wood heat there’s a better option.
We also hired a company to install two natural gas heaters. One is a fireplace insert. The other is a simple gas heater at the other end of the house. Their blowers won’t work when the power goes off but unlike the furnace they continue to provide heat without the blower. They’ll keep our home relatively warm even without electricity. Similar heaters can be fueled by propane and would be a good choice for homeowners who don’t have a natural gas line nearby. Most heating supply companies sell gas heaters that work without electricity.
When the wind howls, ice pellets rattle against the windows and the thermometer plummets it’s comforting to know that a house has a heat source that will work without electricity.
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Have you ever heard of the enchanting history behind chimney sweeps? You may think of them as just a mundane service provider who keeps your chimney clean, but there is much more to their story. Chimney sweeps have been associated with good luck, protection, and warding off evil spirits for centuries.
Table of Contents
The Origin of Chimney Sweeping and Superstitions
The profession of chimney sweeping dates back to the medieval era when chimneys were used to heat homes and businesses. As chimneys were poorly designed and maintained, soot and debris would accumulate, causing fires and health hazards.
Chimney sweeps emerged as a necessary profession to ensure the safety of people and property.
Over time, chimney sweeps became associated with luck and protection. The belief was that if a chimney sweep came into your home, they would bring good luck and ward off evil spirits.
This belief became so ingrained in European culture that it even became a tradition to invite a chimney sweep to weddings for good luck.
The Connection to Witchcraft
In addition to their association with good luck and protection, chimney sweeps have also been linked to witchcraft. In medieval times, witches were believed to have the ability to fly on broomsticks.
As chimney sweeps also used long sticks to climb and clean chimneys, they were mistakenly associated with witches.
However, chimney sweeps also had a role in actual witchcraft practices. They would collect the soot from chimneys, which was believed to have magical properties.
The soot was used in spells and potions to ward off evil spirits and attract good luck.
The Importance of Chimney Sweeps in Folklore
Chimney sweeps have played an important role in folklore, particularly in European culture. The Brothers Grimm, famous for their collection of fairy tales, included chimney sweeps in several of their stories. In “The Valiant Little Tailor,” the protagonist befriends a group of chimney sweeps who help him defeat giants.
In “The Magic Table, the Gold Donkey, and the Club in the Sack,” a chimney sweep becomes the hero by using his wit and resourcefulness.
The Legacy of Chimney Sweeps Today
While the belief in the magical properties of chimney sweeps may have faded over time, the profession still holds a place in modern culture.
In the United Kingdom, chimney sweeps are considered good luck charms for weddings, and it is still customary to invite a chimney sweep to the ceremony.
In some parts of Europe, chimney sweeps still participate in traditional festivals and parades. In Germany, for example, chimney sweeps wear traditional black top hats and carry a lucky charm in the form of a small figurine called a Glücksbringer.
The history of chimney sweeps is a fascinating tale that connects superstitions, witchcraft, and folklore. While the original purpose of chimney sweeps was to clean chimneys and prevent fires, they also became associated with good luck, protection, and even magic.
Today, chimney sweeps continue to hold a place in modern culture, as reminders of the enchanting traditions of the past.
So the next time you see a chimney sweep, remember their rich history and the magical properties they were believed to possess.
Who knows, maybe they will bring you some good luck and ward off any evil spirits lurking about.
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“The Feast of the Gods” is a famous painting created by Giovanni Bellini and later completed by Titian around 1514. This artwork is notable for its rich depiction of classical mythology, showcasing a gathering of gods and divine figures in a lush, idyllic setting.
- Medium: oil on canvas
- Dimensions: overall: 170.2 x 188 cm (67 x 74 in.)
- Framed: 203.8 x 218.4 x 7.6 cm (80 1/4 x 86 x 3 in.)
- Credit Line: Widener Collection
- Giovanni Bellini (painter) Venetian, c. 1430/1435 – 1516
- Titian (painter) Venetian, 1488/1490 – 1576
- Subject Matter:
The painting features a banquet scene with various mythological figures, including Bacchus (the god of wine), and is often interpreted as a celebration of abundance and pleasure. - Composition:
The arrangement of figures is dynamic, with a variety of poses and interactions, creating a sense of movement and liveliness. The background is filled with a beautiful landscape that enhances the festive atmosphere. - Color and Light:
Bellini’s mastery of color and light is evident, with soft, naturalistic tones that bring warmth to the scene. Titian’s contributions later added vibrancy and depth, especially in the rendering of fabrics and skin tones. - Symbolism:
The painting is rich in allegorical meaning, reflecting themes of love, abundance, and the interplay between the divine and the mortal. Each figure carries symbolic significance, adding layers to the narrative. - Historical Context:
Originally commissioned for the Duke of Ferrara, the painting represents the Renaissance’s interest in classical antiquity and humanist themes.
Today, “The Feast of the Gods” is housed in the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C., where it continues to captivate viewers with its beauty and complexity.
The only artist to surpass the Renaissance painter Bellini’s reputation in Venice was his pupil and collaborator on this painting: Titian. This lively composition, which shows a scene about to erupt with sound and action, was painted for Duke Alfonso d’Este and illustrates Ovid’s poem “The Feasts” (Fasti). The Duke’s guests would have delighted in identifying the classical source and untangling the identities of the dozen gods, goddesses, and mythological beings.
More in depth:
The Feast of The Gods painting
“The Feast of the Gods” stands as a monumental piece in the history of art, not only for its intricate depiction of mythological revelry but also for the collaboration of artistic genius that brought it to life. This oil painting, originally created by Giovanni Bellini in 1514, represents a pivotal moment in the Italian Renaissance, showcasing the transition from the 15th to the 16th century in art.
Bellini, a master of the Venetian school, was commissioned to create this work for Alfonso I d’Este, the Duke of Ferrara, for his private study, known as the camerino d’alabastro. The painting was to be the first in a series depicting mythological themes chosen by the Renaissance humanist Mario Equicola. “The Feast of the Gods” was Bellini’s last major work before his death in 1516 and is considered one of the few mythological pictures by the Venetian artist.
The narrative of the painting is derived from Ovid’s writings and presents a gathering of gods in a lush, Arcadian landscape. The gods are depicted indulging in a feast, a scene filled with allegory and classical references. The painting is noted for its detailed portrayal of the deities, each rendered with attributes that identify them, set against a backdrop that reflects the beauty and abundance of nature.
What makes “The Feast of the Gods” particularly fascinating is the subsequent contributions by other renowned artists. After Bellini’s passing, the landscape portions of the painting were altered by Dosso Dossi and later by Titian, another towering figure of the Renaissance. These additions were made to harmonize Bellini’s work with other paintings in the Duke’s collection, including Titian’s own “The Bacchanal of the Andrians.”
The collaborative nature of “The Feast of the Gods” is a testament to the fluidity and interconnectedness of artistic creation during the Renaissance. It also highlights the patronage system that allowed artists to thrive and experiment. The painting currently resides in the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C., where it is celebrated as one of the greatest Renaissance paintings in the United States.
“The Feast of the Gods” not only reflects the artistic virtuosity of its creators but also serves as a cultural artifact that offers insight into the values, beliefs, and aesthetics of the Renaissance period. It remains an enduring symbol of the era’s artistic achievements and continues to inspire and captivate audiences with its timeless beauty and historical significance.
The Feast of the Gods – 1635
Jan van Bijlert
“It is one of a number of pictures in western art to depict the feast of the Gods, in this case at the marriage of Thetis and Peleus, with Bacchus in the foreground, and a prominent dancing satyr.
The left-hand side of the painting is lost.
It was heavily inspired by Leonardo DaVinci’s 1495 “The Last Supper” painting. In obvious resemblances, the concept translated its sacred form to a pagan dialogue of many Gods, right after Jan van Bijlert himself had become a member of the Utrecht Guild of St. Luke and the Reformed church in 1630. It was at an era of transformation consequent to early years of works of art, artisans and material being chosen and brought exclusively by appointed archbishops of its town.
The painting represents a banquet taking place on Mount Olympus to celebrate the marriage of Thetis, a nereid, and Peleus, king of Phthia, in which many gods from Greco-Roman mythology participate. In the centre, Apollo is crowned and holds a lyre.
In the left part we can recognize Minerva, Diana, Mars, Venus, and Love and, behind, Flora, the goddess of spring. On the right are Hercules and Neptune, as well as Eris, recognizable by the golden apple of discord that she brought as revenge for not having been invited. In the foreground are a dancing satyr and Bacchus, eating a bunch of grapes.
The left part of the painting has been cut off, explaining the absence of certain gods. For example, Juno’s peacock is present, but not the goddess herself.”
🏛️ (Musée Magnin – Dijon, France)
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The six processes are shown in the hexaflex* (a nickname for the ACT model), which lead to psychological flexibility. In an ACT treatment, or other ACT approaches aimed at behavioral change, we stimulate these six processes in the person or persons who want to change their behavior. So we speak of six processes, but in fact it is only one process that we subdivide for the sake of workability or didactics. From Steven Hayes is the ACT question, which summarizes all six processes into one question: given the distinction between you and the stuff you are struggling with and trying to change (yourself), are you willing to have that stuff, fully and without defense (acceptance) as it is and not as it says it is (defusion) and doing what takes you in the direction (committed action) of your chosen values (values), at this time and in this situation (current moment )? If the answer is yes, you are building on psychological flexibility
How are the six processes related then? Let’s see how the processes are interconnected. We will consider how acceptance relates to the other five processes.
Acceptance and defusion are related because acceptance is facilitated and only helpful if it is acceptance of our inner experiences as experience and not acceptance of its content. A thought is a thought, the result of a process of thinking, whether consciously or not. Its content is usually not the truth, which it may seem to be. Conversely, acceptance makes defusion easier if we open ourselves to our thoughts, dare to think about it. Also, or precisely when thoughts are accurate, acceptance means letting go of the struggle with how it is.
Acceptance and contact with the present moment are related because acceptance takes place in the present moment. We can and need only accept what is happening to us now, from one moment to the next. By being in the moment, we already make contact with those experiences and that means turning towards. By naming what we experience, an important ingredient in contact with the present moment, we make acceptance easier. The names we give our experiences can serve as a sign to apply acceptance.
Acceptance and self are related in the sense that we come to self-acceptance if we can allow all our experiences to be there. We are, in a sense, our experiences. If those experiences are not allowed to exist, it means that part of ourselves cannot be there. Self-as-context helps to experience that we are more than our inner experiences. No matter how difficult those experiences are, we can admit them, safe in the knowledge that we can always fall back on our observing perspective. The willingness to reflect on difficult experiences increases from the observing perspective.
Acceptance and values are connected because we can only consider our values if we are prepared to make way for the intensity and painfulness of our experiences, which are brought about by values. Realizing that you care about something brings you into contact with vulnerability, such as uncertainty, the fear of loss, and you can be touched. Values can help us to accept pain, the pain that is evoked when you care. If you realize that a value can only be lived when you allow yourself to be vulnerable, you get a different relationship with that emotional pain. It becomes easier to carry.
Acceptance and dedicated action are related because acceptance is only required from us in the context of committed action. We do not have to accept everything we experience or go through. If it contributes to a valuable life, acceptance leads to more flexibility. If we want to do something that is important, that gives meaning, what we want to stand for, this is only possible if we accept that we will start to feel vulnerable. We can only move if we are willing to take with us the emotional pain that emerges.
This thought exercise to investigate the relationship between acceptance and the other processes is not exhaustive. You may see even more links between acceptance and the five other processes. And you can continue this exercise yourself with the other processes with each other.
* From Hayes, Strosahl and Wilson, 2012.
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Africa is at a critical juncture where the effects of climate change threaten to undermine the continent’s security achievements. While significant progress has been made in conflict resolution and peacebuilding, climate change is emerging as a catalyst for new conflicts, risking a return to instability across the continent.
Climate change is a serious global issue, attracting attention and responses at the highest levels. In 2021/2022, global climate finance reached an annual average of USD 1.3 trillion, compared to USD 653 billion in 2019/2020. Yet, despite Africa being at the greatest risk of climate-related conflict and violence, it remains the least recipient of this finance.
The effects of climate change in Africa act as a threat multiplier, exacerbating existing challenges in economic, food, health, environmental, and political security. Natural disasters such as floods, droughts, and disease outbreaks are becoming more frequent, reducing access to water, food, and essential services. This has driven both human and animal migration, disrupting ecosystems and biodiversity, and intensifying competition over dwindling resources. The United Nations projects that climate change could displace up to 200 million people by 2050, further increasing tensions and conflicts across Africa.
In Sub-Saharan Africa, agricultural productivity is under threat due to changing weather patterns, forcing farmers and communities to compete over limited resources. Sudan is a prime example, where droughts and erratic rainfall have been linked to violent clashes between pastoralists and farmers. A similar scenario exists in Nigeria, where herders and farmers frequently clash over access to land and water.
Rising temperatures are also likely to lead to civil unrest, particularly in regions with pre-existing grievances and weak governance. When national and local policies fail to address these tensions, and do not implement effective mediation and dispute resolution mechanisms, especially among vulnerable and marginalised groups, climate change exacerbates the situation. Depleting natural resources and the destruction of traditional livelihoods drive some to resort to armed conflict or terrorism in a bid to secure resources.
Environmental degradation caused by climate change also acts as a catalyst for unrest and migration. The Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC) reported that over 23 million people were displaced by climate-related events in 2021 alone. This mass movement puts pressure on receiving countries and strains border security, as both innocent and criminal elements migrate, often bringing instability to their new environments.
Regions such as North Africa, East Africa, and Central Africa are particularly vulnerable, as ongoing conflicts, economic challenges, and climate change converge. Mass migrations driven by competition for resources such as water and food destabilise neighbouring countries, often leading to ethnic tensions and xenophobic violence.
Addressing the climate change challenge in Africa requires international and regional cooperation. Although Africa contributes the least to global carbon emissions, it bears the brunt of climate change’s effects. Therefore, the continent needs increased international attention and a greater share of climate finance to address these impacts effectively.
Sustainable agricultural practices, water conservation technologies, and effective conflict resolution mechanisms are crucial for adapting to the changing environment. Education and awareness campaigns on climate change are equally important in fostering cooperation, promoting dialogue, and building trust among diverse communities.
It is essential to integrate climate considerations into national security strategies to anticipate and prevent future conflicts. Innovative funding mechanisms, such as climate adaptation funds, are needed to protect vulnerable populations, manage migration, and promote sustainable development.
By fostering international collaboration, investing in sustainable solutions, and prioritising resilience-building efforts, Africa can mitigate the security and migration challenges posed by climate change. The intersection of climate change and security is not merely an environmental issue but a matter of global stability, requiring collective action and commitment.
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Pressure on the spinal cord can be uncomfortable, inflicting some unbearable pain. That could incapacitate you, restricting your movements in your everyday life, making it challenging to move about. However, a medical diagnosis could direct you to treatment and remarkably ease your adversity. That, therefore, makes spinal treatments essential for your general wellbeing. Here are the typical spinal problems and how to treat them.
Cervical stenosis and the ideal treatment
Cervical stenosis usually results from increased pressure on the backbone. That’s a condition making the spinal canal tinier for the nerve roots and the spinal cord to fit in. That could lead to myelopathy – the damage to the spinal cord – or radiculopathy. Hence, surgical treatments to allow more room in the backbone come in handy.
An ideal treatment procedure for cervical stenosis is Posterior cervical laminectomy, which involves removing damaged lamina to allow more room for in the backbone. The process usually takes less than a week to complete, but the full healing impact shows up in about two to three weeks of treatment.
Herniated spinal disks and the ideal treatment
Spinal discs allow the body to flex, bend or twist without causing any damage to the spinal cord. However, these discs can degenerate or get damaged. Since they’re usually situated between every pair of your vertebrae, material from the damaged disc could impinge onto the nerves, and that could cause you extreme pain.
Artificial disc replacement surgery comes in handy and usually replaces damaged discs with artificial ones. If any of the segments from damaged discs have fallen into the spinal canal, a surgical procedure to remove them can help ease the pain. The surgical procedure usually takes less than a day to complete, but full healing results in three weeks before treatment.
Why you might want to get spinal treatments
Spinal treatments allow you to do your normal daily activities seamlessly without experiencing pain or discomfort. Some spinal issues could even lead to severe complications that could entirely incapacitate you if not urgently treated. Besides, it could result in problems in other neurone processes, making seamless body functions almost impossible.
Your spinal health is as essential as life itself, and you should always resort to treatment in the event that you face any problems. Numerous surgical procedures can help you out, but always find the most proficient surgeons since spinal treatments are usually delicate and allow no room for error.
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The concern and debate surrounding the effect artificial intelligence will have on future jobs is ongoing speculation. The possibility of AI making future jobs automated, however, is a real possibility.
One of the industries that could experience the consequences of that is the recruitment industry. The introduction of AI in recruitment would be welcome, as it will improve the efficiency of task completion. Sourcing candidates, organising CV’s and sorting candidates into categories are could be the assistance that AI provides. This would also lead to part-time workers and organisations cutting costs.
However, most recruitment agencies’ marketing communication is conducted by humans; so AI replacing humans completely would be very unlikely. During the hiring process, there are ways in which AI could provide a convenient but possibly negative difference, due to the technology which we have available. Video interviews are on the rise but they could become the norm; which in result could in a barrier being created between the candidate and the organisation which they’re applying for.
With all the capabilities which AI can provide, there is also the fact that there may be limitations. There is only so much that AI can tell you about a candidate, and limiting human contact during the process could lead to potentially recruiting a un-ideal fit. A list of skills and credentials could suggest the suitability of a candidate but other factors may suggest otherwise.
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Scheduled maintenance - Thursday, July 12 at 5:00 PM EDT
We expect this update to take about an hour. Access to this website will be unavailable during this time.
Excessive noise in the workplace is a significant occupational health concern, affecting millions of workers across Canada. An estimated 11.0 million Canadians (43%) aged 19 to 79 have worked in noisy environments, defined as the need to speak in a raised voice to communicate with co-workers at arm's length. Of those workers, 6.1 million (56%) were classified as "vulnerable" to noise—they were not required to use hearing protection and only did so sometimes, rarely, or never.
Constant exposure to excessive noise levels in various industries, such as construction, manufacturing, and aviation, can lead to irreversible hearing damage and impact workers’ quality of life. Workplace hearing conservation programs seek to address this issue, emphasizing the early detection and control of excessive noise levels, while ensuring appropriate measures are in place to protect workers’ hearing.
Where programs are required vs. recommended
Across Canada, each jurisdiction defines its own occupational exposure limits for loudness and duration of noise. In all jurisdictions, the daily exposure limit is 85 dB of continuous noise over an eight-hour period, with the exception of federal workplaces, which have a limit of 87 dB. When noise exceeds the jurisdiction's exposure limit in Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Newfoundland and Labrador, Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Prince Edward Island, Saskatchewan, and workplaces under the federal jurisdiction, a hearing conservation program is required.
While not all jurisdictions have a requirement for a hearing conservation program, the elements of a program, such as audiometric testing, training, and noise assessments, are necessary when workers are exposed to noise above the exposure limit. The CSA Standard Z107.56, Measurement of noise exposure, recommends that the employer conduct a noise assessment if a worker is exposed to noise in excess of 80 dBA (the equivalent of being on a busy downtown street). A noise assessment is also recommended when there is a renovation or repair of the workplace, new equipment is introduced, or a modification is made to a work process that may result in a significant change in a worker's exposure to noise.
The first step in any hearing conservation program is to assess workplace noise levels. This involves conducting noise monitoring to determine the magnitude of exposure in different areas and job roles. Using sound level meters and personal dosimeters helps to ensure accurate measurements.
Regular audiometric testing, also known as hearing testing, is a critical component of these programs. It involves baseline and periodic assessments of employees' hearing abilities to detect any changes over time. By tracking changes in hearing thresholds, employers can identify early signs of hearing loss and take appropriate actions.
One of the primary objectives of workplace hearing conservation programs is to control noise at the source. Substituting equipment with quieter alternatives or implementing engineering controls, such as sound insulation or equipment modification, helps reduce noise levels and minimize employee exposure.
Administrative controls involve implementing policies and procedures to limit workers' exposure to excessive noise. This may include limiting the duration of tasks in noisy environments, implementing a job rotation to reduce cumulative noise exposure, and scheduling rest breaks in quieter areas.
When noise levels cannot be adequately reduced through engineering and administrative controls, employers must provide suitable hearing protection, such as earplugs or earmuffs. Workers must be trained in the proper use, fit, maintenance, and care of personal protective equipment (PPE).
Education and training
Education and training should be provided to workers on the hearing conservation program, including controls in place to reduce exposure. Workers should be aware of the risks associated with elevated noise exposure and the long-term effects of noise-induced hearing loss. Training should also include the safe use and limitations of hearing protection, covering all elements listed in CSA Z94.2, Hearing protection devices – Performance, selection, care, and use. The education and training should be provided at regular intervals, at least once every two years, or when conditions change.
Hearing conservation programs can significantly reduce the incidence of noise-induced hearing loss, preserving workers' auditory health and preventing related health issues, like tinnitus and increased stress levels. Through these programs, employers demonstrating their commitment to their workforce can also help foster a sense of well-being and job satisfaction among employees, leading to increased productivity and reduced absenteeism. By integrating noise monitoring, audiometric testing, engineering and administrative controls, and proper PPE usage, employers can move beyond compliance with relevant regulations and create a safer work environment for everyone.
Occupational health and safety laws are always evolving. This month’s highlights include amendments to Ontario’s Occupational Health and Safety Act requiring female washroom facilities on construction sites and amendments to a Quebec regulation on confined spaces.
Canada Labour Code (Part III): 2018, c. 27, sections 486 and 502 came into force 10/07/23 adding Division XII.1 Reimbursement of Work-related Expenses.
Construction Projects (Occupational Health and Safety Act): O. Reg. 61/23 came into force 01/07/23 making amendments to require female washroom facilities be provided on construction sites and that personal protective equipment should fit properly, having regard to all relevant factors, including body types. Adds clause (4) to Section 21 Protective Clothing, Equipment and Devices; repeals and replaces subsection 29 (4); adds subsection 29 (11.1); and, replaces and adds various subsections to Section 29.1.
Firefighters (Workplace Safety and Insurance Act, 1997): O. Reg. 177/23 adds paragraphs 18 and 19 to Section 4 Prescribed diseases and revises related wording in subsection 5(2).
Safety Code for the construction industry (Act respecting occupational health and safety): O.C. 1112-2023 amends section 2.20.13 of the Code regarding setting, maintenance, inspection, or other work on a machine.
Regulation respecting occupational health and safety (Act respecting occupational health and safety): O.C. 43-2023 is now in force which amends various sections of the Regulation regarding confined spaces. O.C. 1112-2023 is also now in force which amends various sections of the Regulation regarding machines including replacing Division XXI.
Saskatchewan Employment Act: Portions of S.S. 2023, c. 40 are now in force which amends numerous sections throughout Part III of the Act pertaining to occupational health and safety.
For more information on recent regulatory changes CCOHS offers a paid subscription service, Canadian enviroOSH Legislation plus Standards, that provides a collection of all the health, safety, and environmental legislation you need in one location.
Individuals in the Canadian agricultural industry now have a safe and anonymous online space designed just for them.
AgTalk provides a platform where people 16 years of age and over who live, work, and play in the industry can connect, share, and receive support from a community of peers who understand their unique experiences.
Developed by the Do More Agriculture Foundation, AgTalk is designed to support individuals in their next steps toward improving their mental well-being. The clinically moderated environment ensures a secure environment for open discussions on mental health, in both English and French.
Visit https://www.domore.ag/agtalk to find out more.
Thinking about attending CCOHS’ Forum on the Changing World of Work on September 26-27 in Halifax? There’s still time to register and plenty of reasons to attend. The packed program features a diverse line-up of experts and thought leaders on current and emerging issues related to workplace health and safety.
Over the two days, you’ll experience more than 10 sessions and have opportunities to discuss and exchange ideas. You’ll gain insights on the potential impacts of climate change on work through a panel discussion on this increasingly relevant topic. You’ll also learn about new health and safety tools and resources at the Innovation Showcase.
Register today and get ready to be inspired to create positive change in your workplace.
For more information and updates, visit www.ccohs.ca/forum.
The deadline is quickly approaching for the Chad Bradley Scholarship award. If you are a woman enrolled in a post-secondary occupational health and safety program at a Canadian college or university, you may be eligible to win a $3,000 scholarship from CCOHS.
The deadline to apply is August 31, 2023, at 11:59 p.m. EDT. Learn more about the scholarship, essay criteria, and how to apply: www.ccohs.ca/scholarships/cbradley/.
CCOHS releases new podcasts each month to help you stay current and informed on workplace health, safety, and well-being in Canada.
New Podcast: Creating Safe Workplaces for International Workers
International workers are an integral part of the Canadian economy. There are a number of factors that make them uniquely vulnerable, from language barriers to fears around work permits and job security that may prevent them from speaking up about unsafe conditions. Francy Munoz from the C.A.R.E. for International Workers program discusses ways to improve workplace safety for international workers.
Podcast runs: 8:22 Listen to the podcast now
Francy will also be speaking at CCOHS’ Forum on The Changing World of Work, taking place September 26-27 in Halifax, Nova Scotia.
Encore Podcast: Keeping Workers Safe When Working From Heights
There’s no escaping the fact that working at heights is risky. Every year, workers die or are injured as a result of falling from ladders, scaffolds, roofs or other elevations. In this episode, CCOHS shares steps employers and workers can take to minimize the risk, and help prevent falls and the injuries that go along with them.
Podcast runs: 5:12 Listen to the podcast now
The Health and Safety Report, a free monthly newsletter produced by the Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety (CCOHS), provides information, advice, and resources that help support a safe and healthy work environment and the total well being of workers.
© 2024, Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety
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Degradation of agricultural landscapes
The current intensification of agricultural practices is a major cause of habitat degradation and biodiversity loss. These effects are particularly strong in Reptiles and Amphibians, which are characterized by low mobility and dependence on specific environments. We have launched a “Bocage & biodiversity” programme in the Deux Sèvres in collaboration with the ONCFS and a network of farmers. Our work highlights the positive relationship between a preserved bocage landscape (networks of hedges, ponds and small woodlands) and the specific richness of reptiles and amphibians. The presence of species obtained by modelling is modelled on the bocage landscape of the Deux Sèvres. We have also demonstrated the importance of the quality of the microhabitats: hedge structure and breeding ponds. Maintaining landscapes that are compatible with biodiversity requires action at the farm level.
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The name Ramah appears several times in the Bible, referring to different places and people. If you’re short on time, here’s a quick answer: There is no specific person named Ramah who is referred to as “the chosen one” in the Bible.
In this comprehensive article, we will explore the different references to Ramah in the Bible and analyze if any of them point to a chosen figure.
We will cover the meaning and origin of the name Ramah, the various places called Ramah, the mention of Ramah in biblical prophecy, and the connections between Ramah and the idea of being chosen or elected in the Bible.
The Meaning and Origin of the Name Ramah
The name Ramah has rich biblical meaning and significance. It first appears in the Old Testament as the name of a city located on the border between the northern and southern kingdoms of ancient Israel.
In Hebrew, the name Ramah (רָמָה) literally means “hill” or “high place.” This stems from the Hebrew word ram (רָם), meaning “to be high.”
Some Bible scholars believe Ramah got its name because it was located on a high hill. Others think the name might refer to the high ground near the city that was used for worship, similar to a “high place.”
Ramah first appears in the biblical text in Joshua 18, where it demarcates part of the border between the Israelite tribes of Benjamin and Ephraim:
“On the north side the border went from the Jordan at the end of Jericho to the waters of Jericho into the hill country, and then up from the hill country to Bethel. From Bethel it ran to Luz, and on to the border of the Archites at Ataroth.
Then it descended westward to the district of Japhlet, as far as the border of Lower Beth-horon, then to Gezer, ending at the Mediterranean Sea.” (Joshua 18:12-14)
This places Ramah just north of Jerusalem. The city shows up later in Israel’s history as an assembly point for the prophet Samuel and King Saul (1 Samuel 15:34). It was also fortified by King Baasha of Israel during wars with Judah (1 Kings 15:17-22).
So while the name Ramah denoted “high place,” the city itself bordered both northern and southern kingdoms and played a strategic military role in Israel’s defense.
Connection to Rachel’s Tomb
An interesting theory connects the name Ramah with Rachel’s tomb. In Jeremiah 31, the weeping of Rachel “in Ramah” symbolizes her mourning for the exiles taken to Babylon:
“A voice was heard in Ramah, mourning and great weeping, Rachel weeping for her children and refusing to be comforted, because they are no more.” (Jeremiah 31:15)
Rachel was one of Jacob’s two wives and the mother of Joseph and Benjamin. She died giving birth and was buried near Bethlehem (Genesis 35:16-20). Her tomb remains a revered site today.
Some speculate Ramah refers to the height near Rachel’s tomb where exiles were gathered before their journey to Babylon. Her spirit is seen weeping over them from her lofty burial place.
A Chosen Place
While the precise origin of the name is uncertain, clearly Ramah was an important border city and strategic high point in Israel’s territory. It witnessed pivotal moments in Israel’s history and somehow connects even with the matriarch Rachel.
So in the Bible, Ramah emerges as a chosen place – a high point in geography, military defense, and even symbolic significance for the prophets and mothers of Israel.
The Different Places Called Ramah in the Bible
Ramah in Benjamin
Ramah was a city located in the territory of the tribe of Benjamin. It was near Bethel and about 5 miles north of Jerusalem (Joshua 18:25). This Ramah may be the same place where Rachel died and was buried (Genesis 35:19-20).
Ramah in Naphtali
Another Ramah was located in the territory allotted to the tribe of Naphtali. It was near or in the district of Galilee (Joshua 19:36). This could possibly be the same as the Ramah where Deborah, the nurse of Rebekah, was buried (Genesis 35:8).
Ramah in Egypt
The prophet Jeremiah referred to a Ramah located in Egypt. This was a place where Jewish refugees settled after fleeing from Jerusalem (Jeremiah 40:1). It was probably an existing city with a sizable Jewish colony.
Ramah in Samuel
This town of Ramah gained fame as the residence of Samuel the prophet. It was also the place where he anointed Saul the first king of Israel (1 Samuel 1:1, 9:1–10). This Ramah was located in the hill country of Ephraim about 5 miles from Bethel and Shiloh.
The Prophecy Concerning Ramah in Jeremiah
The prophet Jeremiah delivers an ominous prophecy concerning the town of Ramah in Jeremiah 31:15-17. This passage describes the weeping and mourning in Ramah following the tragic exile of the people of Israel from their homeland.
The grief expressed echoes through the generations as a reminder of the suffering caused by disobedience to God.
Ramah was a town located about five miles north of Jerusalem. It served as a gathering point where exiles were assembled before being deported to Babylon. The scene of tearful mothers grieving over their children departing into exile was heart-wrenching.
Jeremiah prophesies that “A voice is heard in Ramah, mourning and great weeping, Rachel weeping for her children and refusing to be comforted, because they are no more.” (Jeremiah 31:15) Rachel was one of the matriarchs of Israel who had died giving birth to Benjamin centuries earlier.
She represents the sorrow of all the mothers weeping for their children.
The despair in Ramah was so intense that Jeremiah declares it could be heard from a great distance. The mourning permeates the atmosphere. It reflects the intense grief over the loss of an entire generation through exile. The inconsolable weeping strains the limits of human emotion.
Yet even in this deep darkness of exile, there is hope. “Restrain your voice from weeping and your eyes from tears…There is hope in your future,” Jeremiah prophesies in verse 17. God had not forgotten or abandoned his people.
The time would come when their exile would end and they would return to their homeland once again.
Centuries later in the book of Matthew, this prophecy finds a secondary meaning and fulfillment. When King Herod orders the slaughter of all male infants around Bethlehem after Jesus’ birth, Matthew recognizes the agony of the mothers mourning the loss of their children.
The sorrowful scene in Bethlehem echoes the mourning in Ramah centuries earlier. Out of this deep grief, the hope proclaimed by Jeremiah will find its climatic realization in the Messiah who has come to comfort his people.
The prophecy concerning Ramah powerfully captures the themes of loss, grief, and hope that characterize much of Jeremiah’s message. Even in the depths of despair, he calls the people to lift their eyes in hope to the restoration and renewal God will bring about in keeping with his promises.
The Cassandra-like vocation of this weeping prophet finds its answer in the compassionate Messiah who weeps over the sorrow of God’s people.
The Concept of the Chosen in Connection to Ramah
Ramah and Rachel’s Children as the Chosen
The story of Ramah is intertwined with Rachel and her children Joseph and Benjamin in the Bible. As Jacob’s favored wife, Rachel could be considered “the chosen one,” and her first son Joseph was clearly Jacob’s favorite child (Genesis 37:3).
When Rachel died giving birth to her second son Benjamin near Ramah, she named him Benoni, meaning “son of my sorrow” (Genesis 35:18). However, Jacob chose to name him Benjamin, meaning “son of the right hand” – once again indicating favor and chosen status.
These stories connect the concept of the “chosen” directly to Ramah through Rachel and her treasured sons.
The Choice of Ramah as a Gathering Place
In 1 Samuel 7, the prophet Samuel chose Ramah as a gathering place to judge and lead the Israelites. By picking Ramah rather than his hometown or another location, Samuel established it as a chosen site for religious leadership and guidance for the people.
References in the prophecy books of Jeremiah and Hosea also refer to Ramah as a place of gathering for those being called back from exile in Babylon (Jeremiah 31:15; Hosea 5:8). So its selection by religious leaders like Samuel marked Ramah as a special chosen location for assembly and inspiration in biblical history.
In summary, while there are several important references to Ramah in the Bible, there is no clear evidence pointing to a specific figure called “Ramah the chosen one.”
The name Ramah is applied to various places, including a city in Benjamin associated with Rachel and prophecies about exile and restoration. There are connections between Ramah and the chosen people or children of Israel.
However, the exact phrase “Ramah the chosen” does not appear in the Bible. The name Ramah means “height” and several hills or elevated places share this name without being specified as divinely elected individuals.
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Good study habits are never taken for granted. It takes a lot of dedication, time, and effort to get the ability to work hard dealing with the most challenging projects and complicated assignments. Even experienced learners frequently struggle to accomplish some projects on time and stay productive. Although studying may not be easy, there is an array of habits that can be developed in order to achieve the desired results. Follow simple guidelines to enhance your chances of becoming a productive student that enjoys the process and succeeds with it.
As a college student, you may need some time off studying. Simultaneously, you do not want to lose your academic success. Is it real to stay productive without spending all your time learning, researching, and working on college projects?
Flawless time-management skill is a way to success. Consider getting a planner that will help you to stay organized and keep up with the most important undertakings. Make a decent to-do list dividing your projects into important and less important, urgent and not urgent so that you thrive with all of them. Consider downloading the dedicated app that will send you notifications about the appointments you have and other options you have to deal with.
Create a Dedicated Studying Space
It is complicated to stay focused and organized if you have to study in the middle of a crowded room. Therefore, finding a quiet place is inevitable for successful and productive studying. It will help you accomplish the necessary assignments much faster, getting enough time for other activities, social interactions, and rest.
Make sure the area you create is not only functional but also comfortable so that you like staying there. Buy the necessary things to have everything at hand. Besides, make sure there is nothing that can distract you while you are studying in the room. Mute your phone, get rid of the computer (if you do not need it for studying), and take other steps that will increase the efficiency of your studying time.
Come up with a Plan
Planning and time management are the two fundamental skills for students to develop. Don’t you have a plan for the day? Chances are you will miss something important. Are you always late? Are you constantly short of time? Analyze your day and find the mistakes you make that prevent you from the desired success.
Focus on the most important projects that should be done first thing in the morning. Then, include other activities you want to accomplish the next day. Add the time limit to make sure you will not waste much of your time on a single activity.
No matter how persistent, hard-working, or goal-oriented you are, there are instances when you cannot succeed without side assistance. At this point, it is critical to mention that asking for help should not be embarrassing. Approach your professor or fellow students asking questions on complicated projects, or take advantage of online services that can deal with complex assignments instead of you. Browsing the web, you will notice an increasing number of platforms, such as https://writepaperfor.me, that help learners accomplish the most overwhelming projects at reasonable costs. Choose the most reputable and trustworthy service, give proper directions, set the deadline, and enjoy a flawless paper done by a professional.
Find Study Partners
Working together, supervising, supporting, and encouraging each other is always a good idea. Therefore, a considerable number of people are excited about finding a study buddy who will contribute to the achievement of the desired success. In the overwhelming majority of instances, active discussions of complicated questions and consultations help to deal even with the most demanding projects.
Procrastination is one of the worst enemies of students, which prevents them from desired success. Striving to learn more, people just waste their precious time sitting in the room and comprehending nothing. According to the results of the research, a 20-minute rest every single hour of studying can make the learning session much more effective and beneficial. Opt for the activity you like the most so that you rest in the most favorable way. A short walk, a quick snack, a chat with a friend, or any other activity will be worth the time.
Care for Your Body
Non-stop hunger, sleepiness, and body pain are the feelings that can prevent you from the desired productivity. You do not have to take all-nighters in order to get ready for the exam, as you should better study during the day and rest at night, instead. This way, you will eliminate stress and anxiety that are commonly linked to the deprivation of sleep. Furthermore, when your body and mind stay healthy, your productivity is higher.
Make proper eating, 7-8-hour sleeping, and regular exercising your habits that will contribute to your overall well-being and will help you study.
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Baseball is a sport that requires dedication and consistent practice to master. If you want to help your child become better at baseball, it’s important to make practice sessions fun and effective. Here are some inventive ways to help your child practice baseball.
Fun and Creative Drills
Practice doesn’t have to be boring. Introducing innovative drills can make a big difference. Try a bucket challenge, where you place buckets at various distances and have your child aim to throw the ball into them. This drill enhances throwing accuracy and strength while keeping things exciting.
Use Everyday Items
You don’t need expensive equipment to practice baseball effectively. Common household items can come in handy. For instance, use rolled-up socks for indoor catching drills. This method is safe, helps improve hand-eye coordination, and you don’t have to worry about anything breaking.
Technology can be a game-changer in training. Apps like Blast Baseball or gadgets like the Garmin Impact help track progress and provide valuable feedback. Additionally, using a high-quality sports simulator can offer a realistic experience, allowing your child to practice hitting and pitching in a controlled environment.
Mini-games are a great way to improve specific skills while maintaining a sense of play. Try playing a home run derby game or baseball bingo to focus on hitting and fielding skills. These games make practice enjoyable and foster a sense of competition and achievement.
Partner With the Community
Engaging with local teams or leagues can provide additional practice opportunities and build a sense of community. Joining a local team allows your child to practice with peers, making practice sessions more dynamic. Organize weekend scrimmages or skill clinics with other parents and coaches.
Consistency is key to improvement. Establish a regular practice schedule that fits into your family’s routine. Dedicate specific days and times for practice and stick to them. Consistency helps build muscle memory and keeps skills sharp over time.
Incorporating these inventive ideas into your child’s practice routine can significantly impact their baseball skills. Every bit of effort counts. Start implementing these tips today and watch your child’s skills soar.
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During our lives, we all, at some point, will have experienced a sense of loneliness. However, for many elderly people, it’s something that increases as they age.
It’s a part of human nature to feel the need for social contact so, when we don’t experience enough of it, we’ll begin to feel isolated.
1.4 million older people are experiencing feelings of loneliness according to research by Age UK, and these feelings can be as dangerous to our health as smoking 15 cigarettes a day. As such, we all need to understand how loneliness can impact our loved ones and us.
What can cause loneliness?
Feelings of loneliness don’t always stem from being alone; there are multiple factors that can impact how we feel. Loneliness is defined as an emotion caused by feeling low as a result of a lack of companionship with others.
For older people, this can be due to many reasons, including the distance between other family members. However, even if a loved one is only down the road, it can still be a challenge to see them. This is because family members will understandably have other commitments.
In addition to this, as we age, we can become more vulnerable, and health issues can hinder the ability to be mobile. And, during retirement, it can feel like there are many more hours in the day to fill.
Close friendships amongst the individuals in their age group can also become complicated when friends move away to live with other family members, or into a different home. Some friends could also be struggling to get around themselves, and communication itself may be harder due to health conditions such as dementia.
Spotting the signs of loneliness in older people
There can be a range of reasons as to why someone can feel lonely. As such, we must be able to identify the signs as to why and offer support. The symptoms can be hard to spot, but there are a few indicators to be wary of.
When speaking with your loved one, always take the time to really listen to what they’re saying. Some individuals may simply start talking a lot more than usual, while others may imply that they don’t have anyone to talk to.
Changes in their behaviour can also be a sign. Some people who are feeling lonely may begin to act more extroverted. Meanwhile, others may act out of character in typical social environments in order to gain more attention.
Signs can also be found in their relationships. For example, some people may find it more challenging to nurture their existing friendships or struggle to make new connections with the people they meet. Also, when they’re talking to you, consider if they seem reminiscent of past relationships.
How to help elderly people reduce their feelings of loneliness
If you begin to spot these signs in your loved one, it may be time act.
It’s best to start with a local search and see if there are any clubs or groups that may spark their interest. Check in with local community centres as they often offer activity sessions and friendship groups. You could also look to see if there are any day centres nearby where they can connect with others and enjoy regular activities.
Befriending services and helplines are also a great way to reduce feelings of isolation. The Silver Line, available on 0800 470 8090, offer the chance for older people to talk about their feelings in a confidential and comfortable environment. Similarly, befriending calls are available from Age UK (0800 055 6112) and Independent Age (0800 319 6789).
However, in some instances, feelings of loneliness along with progressive health conditions, can be an indicator that a person is in need of additional support, such as that offered by care homes. Care homes can provide older people with the chance to live comfortably and happily. In these environments, they’ll be receiving all the support they need while being able to make connections with others living in their community.
Here at Crouched Friars Residential Home, we’ve seen that positive impact first-hand. We’re able to give your loved one the exact support they need while hosting a range of exciting activities and events to ensure their health and wellbeing.
If you’re interested in hearing more about Crouched Friars Residential Home, our team would love to speak with you. Based in Colchester, we provide a welcoming environment for older people to live in comfortably.
Contact us on 01206 572647 or email [email protected]
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Covid-19 could lead to type 1 diabetes, researchers fear after witnessing a spike in cases of the disease among infected children.
Academics at Imperial College London looked at how many youngsters had been diagnosed at five paediatric units across the capital.
Around 30 children were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes between March 23 and June 4, the experts found.
They said this was roughly double the amount that are usually diagnosed with the condition, which isn't driven by obesity like type 2 diabetes.
Five of the children had either tested positive for coronavirus or were likely to have had it in the past, leading scientists to make the link.
But they cautioned this figure may have been an underestimate because nine of the children were not tested.
The experts suggest the coronavirus - technically called SARS-CoV-2 - could directly attacks cells in the pancreas which are vital for producing insulin.
Type 1 diabetes, which affects around 314,000 people in the UK and 1.6million in the US, occurs when the immune system destroy the insulin-producing cells.
It is caused by a fault in the body’s immune response in which the immune system mistakenly targets and kills beta cells.
Experts remain baffled as to what triggers this fault but some of the best evidence points towards a virus as being the most likely trigger.
Viruses can lead to some autoimmune diseases by causing the immune system to go haywire.
But the Imperial team called for more trials to firm up the findings, insisting that they don't yet have proof that Covid-19 can cause type 1 diabetes.
The disease - often diagnosed in childhood - stops the body making enough insulin to regulate blood glucose. If levels are persistently too high, it can lead to death.
Type 1 diabetes can be treated with several daily injections of insulin or using an insulin pump to keep blood glucose levels under control.
Medics in China and Italy have previously found more children developing type 1 diabetes during the pandemic but ruled it was unrelated to Covid-19.
Clinicians at Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust wanted to see whether cases of type 1 diabetes might actually be linked to the pandemic.
Together with researchers at Imperial College London, the team is the first to find a possible link between Covid-19 and new-onset type 1 diabetes in children.
Dr Karen Logan, study co-author, said: 'Our analysis shows during the peak of the pandemic the number of new cases of type 1 diabetes in children was unusually high in two of the hospitals in north west London compared to previous years.
'When we investigated further, some of these children had active coronavirus or had previously been exposed to the virus.'
She added: 'It appears that children are at low risk of developing serious cases of Covid-19.
'However, we do need to consider potential health complications following exposure to the virus in children.'
The team analysed data from children based in five paediatric inpatient units from four north-west London Trusts.
These were Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Chelsea & Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, The Hillingdon Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and London North West University Healthcare NHS trust.
Between 23 March and 4 June, 30 cases were diagnosed in children aged 23 months to 16.8 years.
The team found an increase of children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes in two of the units. They diagnosed ten cases each versus typically two and four cases respectively for April and May combined.
However, rates in the other three units were similar to previous years.
Of the 30 children, 21 were tested for Covid-19 if they had symptoms including fever or cough. Two tested positive.
Some children were tested using antibody kits, which have not been widely available to the public.
Of the 16 other children given an antibody test, three were positive, suggesting they had previously had the coronavirus.
In total, five children tested positive, either for active Covid-19 infection or previous exposure to the virus.
A lack of antibody tests meant the other children were not tested for Covid-19, therefore it is not clear whether the true rates of Covid-19 in the children would have been lower or higher than discovered.
Rebecca Unsworth, joint first author of the study, said: 'During the peak of the pandemic widespread access to testing wasn't available so we may have missed further cases of Covid-19 in these children who have new-onset type 1 diabetes.'
Children are believed to be just as likely as adults to catch the coronavirus. But they may be diagnosed less often because their symptoms are so mild.
Testing for Covid-19 in the UK was limited only to adults until mid-May, several weeks after the peak of the pandemic.
Children under five years old can now get a test but they would only come forward if they had symptoms.
The study, published in Diabetes Care, also found that children in the study had high levels of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
DKA is a serious condition that can happen to diabetics if their body starts to run out of insulin.
When this happens, harmful substances called ketones accumulate in the body. It can be life-threatening if it's not found and treated quickly.
Seventy per cent of children had DKA and 52 per cent had severe DKA. Four children were treated in intensive care.
The authors cautioned this was a much higher rate than they would normally expect to see, and many children were very unwell.
This supports anecdotal stories from doctors in England, according to Julian Hamilton-Shield, a professor of diabetes and metabolic endocrinology at the University of Bristol, who was not involved in the research.
The researchers theorised that the spike protein found on the surface of the coronavirus may be able to attack and destroy insulin-making cells in the pancreas.
The spike protein of the virus binds to ACE-2 receptors which coat some cells in the body. Therefore, the receptors are seen as the 'gateway' for the virus.
ACE-2 is strongly expressed in pancreatic endocrine cells, the researchers said.
Scientists who were not involved in the study said the link warrants further investigation.
Professor Paul Zimmet, at Monash University, and Francesco Rubino, King’s College London, recently expressed their concerns about a potential diabetogenic effect of Covid-19 in the New England Journal of Medicine.
They commented today: 'The findings add to our concerns on a potential link between Covid-19 and diabetes.
'Early in the course of the pandemic we had become aware of similar reports of new cases of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes as well as other atypical diabetes manifestations in people with SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) infection.
'This has a biological rationale since the new coronavirus can bind to receptors that are highly prevalent in cells of crucial metabolic organs such as the pancreas, the adipose tissue, the liver and the intestine, which may explain also the fact that both type 1 and type 2 diabetes have been reported in association with Covid-19.'
But Paul Hunter, a professor in medicine at the University of East Anglia, said the rise in paediatric type 1 diabetes could just be random.
He said: 'It is often tempting but can be wrong to assume that whatever infection is common in the community is the cause of an increase in diagnoses that could have arisen just by chance.
'During any epidemic like the current one, people will be looking out for any change in the incidence of disease in their own practice that could be related to the epidemic pathogen.'
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Pests are the insect species that are majorly found in dark, moisture, and congested area. They are tiny animal species and they do not look good too. The pests will travel to many places, and they are major inducers of many diseases. People do not know how dangerous the pests are, if the action of pests is left untreated, then the damage caused by the pests will be unimaginable. The pests are not only dangerous to health but also dangerous to our environment and lifestyle. Thus, this blog is to provide some control methods on how to do your own pest control. Check out some pest control methods to eliminate the presence of pest infestation in your home, office, or garden. Some of the easy and cheapest methods are,
Tips for Own Pest Control – DIY
The pests are insect species, and they are tiny, we all know that animal species will be food for another animal species. This concept is considered as the natural enemies. Simply, the presence of cats in the house will eliminate the presence of mice and roaches, and the chicken is grown in many of the agricultural lands and garden areas, they not only help to cultivate the crops but also helps to eliminate the tiny flies, worms, and other small species.
There are many sprays available in shops, but they will be full of chemicals. There are some methods of preparing a pest-eliminating spray. For example, orange oils are the citric oils that are available in shops, mix the oil with some amount of sugar, water, and soap, and stir well, and pour it in a spray bottle, and spray around the place. The sugar content will attract the pests like termites, roaches, ants and other pests, the chemical in the soap and oil will make the nervous system of pests unstable and make them die. This method of using orange oil is very efficient in controlling the termites. This method can also be done with the use of vinegar instead of orange oil.
The physical method is the best method of controlling the termites, which will provide results faster than any other method. The physical method is simple, i.e., the use of traps to catch the pests. There are many types of traps found in shops like baits, spring traps, sticky booklets, etc. The use of traps will reduce your cost, work, and time. Just place the trap near the area where the pests are available with their favorite food. If the pests come near the trap, then they will be locked, and the pest can be easily eliminated at the moment.
There are many other methods to control the pests in your own place which can be done by yourself without any separate cost, work, or time. The above methods on how to do your own pest control will be helpful in houses. When you need pest control for your office or industry, then professional pest control should be hired where the professionals only can eliminate the presence and infestation of pests completely.
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ITU Modulation Codes RNAV
Each of the radio beacons in the Radio Navigation syllabus, together with the two types of voice transmission (VHFVHF —Very High Frequency and HFHF —1) Radio Waves: High Frequency2) Human Performance: Human Factors), has its own code based on the way it is modulated and the type of information it contains.
There are three symbols in each code. In order, they are:
- Type of modulation (M)
- Type of modulating signal (S)
- Type of information (I)
The mnemonic MSI (as in the computer company) can help you remember the order.
You need to know firstly, what the code for each beacon you will learn about in RNav is. Secondly, you need to know what each character represents, but not what each individual letter stands for. For example, you need to know that the ILSILS —Instrument Landing System is A8W and that the first letter is the type of modulation, but not what A8W itself means.
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The ITUITU —International Telecommunications Union categorises modulation with various numbers and letters, such at A1A
. With a three digit code, what does the first character in this sequence mean?
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NEW ORLEANS — Keeping track of the foods you eat is an important strategy for weight loss, but continuing to monitor what you eat is also important to prevent regaining that weight. Now, a new study finds that stopping food tracking is linked to regaining weight.
In order to prevent re-gaining weight, people should make an effort four months after starting a diet to refocus on food tracking, according to the study, presented here Sunday (Nov. 13) at the American Heart Association's annual meeting called the Scientific Sessions.
The researchers found that people tended to stop dietary monitoring after about four months, and that this was followed by regaining weight, said Qianheng Ma, a public health researcher at the University of Pittsburgh and the lead author of the study.
The effects of food tracking, or "dietary self-monitoring," on weight loss have been well-studied, and the technique is a key component of what researchers call the "standard behavioral treatment" for people who want to lose weight and keep it off, Ma told Live Science. This type of treatment is the most effective non-medical approach to weight loss, according to the study.
In the study, the researchers looked at data from 137 people who had participated in a one-year weight loss intervention called EMPOWER. The majority of the people in the study were white women. The participants were, on average, 51 years old and had a BMI of 34.1. (People with a BMI of 30 or higher are generally considered obese.) The people in the study were asked to weigh themselves regularly with a digital scale that uploaded data in real time and to monitor their diet using a smartphone app.
Although everyone in the study initially lost weight, nearly three-quarters of the people in the study ultimately regained some of that weight. In addition, 62 percent of the participants stopped tracking what they were eating at some point during the study.
The researchers found that a greater percentage of the people who regained weight had stopped tracking what they ate, compared with those who were able to maintain their weight.
The average time that people tracked their diet before they stopped was 126 days — in other words, they were about four months into their diet when they stopped, Ma told Live Science. It's unclear why food tracking stopped at this point, she added.
People did not begin gaining weight immediately after they stopped tracking what they ate, the researchers noted. Rather, people started to gain weight, on average, about two months after they stopped tracking their food, the study found.
Now that the researchers have identified the point at which people tend to stop tracking their food, they intend to study whether strategically reminding people to keep tracking will help them to keep the weight off, Ma said.
The new findings have not been published in a peer-reviewed journal.
Originally published on Live Science.
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Geoscience student numbers are dwindling. This special issue on geoscience education delves into the potential causes, as well as initiatives that aim to tackle this depressing trend
Whitchurch, A., Halt the decline.
Geoscientist 29 (8), 5, 2019
Download the pdf here
Globally, geoscience departments are reporting that student enrolment in degree courses is declining. The reasons for this drop off are manifold and complex. In the UK, the dearth of exposure to geoscience, and particularly geology, during early education, the lack of focus on geology as a standalone subject, a shortage of trained teachers, and the erosion of the subject’s status as a science all contribute to diminishing uptake (see page 16).
Perception is a major issue. Many people don’t fully comprehend the essential role the geosciences must play in addressing the grand challenges and several geoscientific professions are not viewed as noble in the way they once were. The association of geoscience with the oil-and-gas and extractive industries has (not unfairly) led to the subject being labelled as ‘dirty’ (page 9), and few youngsters are interested in studying a subject that played a central role in damaging our planet. The problem is, geoscience also has a crucial part to play in fixing these problems and creating a pathway to sustainable development—we desperately need a new generation of skilled, passionate geoscientists to take up this mantle.
For example, the successful implementation of carbon capture and storage, the effective management of water resources, as well as the adequate supply of the raw materials needed to create renewable energy technologies, the infrastructure that underpins efficient, functional cities, and the fertiliser that nourishes crops to feed our exploding population, all rely on experts with an intricate understanding of the subsurface and Earth systems.
Fortunately, several initiatives are underway to boost teaching, challenge public perceptions and revamp geoscience-training courses. Organisations such as the Earth Science Teachers’ Association (page 16) and our own Society (page 8) are working with teachers in schools and universities to raise geology’s profile. Post-graduate training courses are also evolving. On page 10, John Underhill discusses the Centre for Doctoral Training model—an exemplar of how a training course can successfully evolve from its oil-and-gas remit to address the challenges faced by society in the 21st Century.
This training evolution goes well beyond a simple rebrand. The next generation of geoscientists will need an expanded skill set that incorporates economics, social science and policy, and our training provisions must reflect this. Geoscientists will also need to work closely with experts from these sectors. The Researching Social Theories, Resources, and Environment International Summer School (page 24) was setup with precisely this aim—to facilitate connections between disparate disciplines and build a global community to tackle the issues of sustainable resource extraction.
It is heartening to learn that many in our community are working to halt the subject’s decline. But, geology as a discipline remains at risk and we must each take every opportunity to engage the next generation. Complacency may contribute to the demise of our science.
In other news, change is coming. From mid-October, I will head off on maternity leave and Sarah Day will take over as
Geoscientist Editor. Sarah will be familiar to many, having worked at the Society for 11 years as Earth Science Communicator and Head of Media Relations & Outreach. Sarah studied Natural Sciences, as well as the History & Philosophy of Science & Medicine at Durham University, before completing a Masters in Science Communication at Imperial College London. She is also an award-winning author, so I look forward to spending my sleep-deprived leave reading her beautifully crafted editorials.
AMY WHITCHURCH, EDITOR
Image by Wokandapix from Pixabay
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Not long ago, SpaceX, Tesla founder Elon Musk’s space company, successfully launched its spacecraft: Starship. This was the first time the spacecraft took off, flew, and landed without problems – but now their plans have been expanded. According to Engadget, Musk and SpaceX are now planning a complete launch where the vessel will also orbit the earth before landing safely back on earth.
Before the aforementioned successful test, the vessel exploded spectacularly, in 14 different iterations, either on launch or landing. The latest variant of the vessel is thus a much more finished product than what we have previously seen.
It is also important since the plan is that in the future it will be used for space travel as well as for the space station ISS, as well as for potentially the moon and Mars. The new test will thus be the first step on the road to this, where the rocket will be released from the earth’s gravity and partly into space.
The plan is for Starship to take off from SpaceX’s facilities in Boca Chica, Texas, whereupon the first support rockets will fall off and land in the Gulf of Mexico three minutes after takeoff. The spacecraft itself will then fly over Florida and then go into orbit around the earth and fly for about 90 minutes. The entire trip will end northwest of the island of Kauai in the archipelago of Hawaii.
When Starship lands, it is scheduled to do so safely – and ready for a new trip later. After all, this is the whole point of SpaceX’s space investment, and what makes them different from other manufacturers: They make reusable rockets and spacecrafts.
In the past, most of what has been shot up in space has either ended up as space junk or burned up in the atmosphere on the way down，and has not been designed to be used more than once in any case. Starship will be a reusable vessel that can transport humans, potentially both globally, to the moon and to other planets.
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Ramayana and the Ramcharitmanas are two significant literary works in Hinduism, both centered around the life and adventures of Bhagavan Sri Rama. However, they were composed by different authors in different time periods and languages. Here are some key differences between the Ramayana and the Ramcharitmanas:
Authorship and Language:
Ramayana: The original Ramayana is attributed to the ancient
sage Valmiki, who is believed to have composed it in Sanskrit. The Valmiki
Ramayana is considered one of the oldest and most authoritative versions of the
Ramcharitmanas: The Ramcharitmanas was composed by the
16th-century poet-saint Tulsidas in the Awadhi dialect of Hindi. Tulsidas wrote
the Ramcharitmanas to make the story of Rama more accessible to the common
people who did not have proficiency in Sanskrit.
Perspective and Emphasis:
Ramayana: Valmiki's Ramayana is often seen as a more
straightforward narrative, emphasizing the virtues of dharma (righteousness)
and portraying Rama as the ideal king and an incarnation of the god Vishnu.
Ramcharitmanas:Tulsidas' Ramcharitmanas places a stronger
emphasis on devotion (bhakti) to Lord Rama. The work is infused with a
devotional tone, and Tulsidas portrays Rama as a divine figure deserving of
intense love and worship.
Length and Structure:
Ramayana: The Valmiki Ramayana is longer and more expansive,
covering a wide range of events and details in the life of Rama. It consists of
seven books, known as Kandas or Cantos.
Ramcharitmanas: The Ramcharitmanas is shorter than the
Valmiki Ramayana and is organized into seven sections, which correspond to the
seven books of the Valmiki Ramayana. However, the structure and content of the
sections may differ.
Cultural and Regional Influence:
Ramayana: The Valmiki Ramayana has had a profound influence
on Hindu culture and has been widely revered across the Indian subcontinent and
Southeast Asia. It has been translated into numerous languages.
Ramcharitmanas: The Ramcharitmanas is particularly
influential in North India, where it is highly revered and has played a
significant role in the devotional practices of millions of people. It is
especially popular in the Hindi-speaking regions.
Ramayana: While the Valmiki Ramayana is a revered scripture
and has spiritual significance, it is often studied for its narrative and moral
Ramcharitmanas: The Ramcharitmanas is known for its
devotional impact, and it is often recited in bhajan (devotional song) form in
religious gatherings. It has contributed significantly to the bhakti movement
Language and Style:
Ramayana: Written in Sanskrit, the classical
language of India, in the form of "slokas" (couplets).
Ramcharitmanas: Composed in Awadhi, a regional
language spoken in parts of India, in the form of "chaupais"
(quatrains). This makes it more accessible to the common people.
Impact and Legacy:
Ramayana: Influenced countless literary works and
cultural traditions across India and Southeast Asia.
Ramcharitmanas: Holds immense spiritual significance
for Hindus, considered a sacred text recited for blessings and guidance.
Both the Ramayana and the Ramcharitmanas continue to be
cherished texts in Hinduism, and devotees often turn to them for inspiration,
moral guidance, and spiritual insights.
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Electric bicycles, often referred to as e-bikes, have surged in popularity and are swiftly transforming the way we navigate our world. These two-wheelers combine traditional cycling with modern technology, and their impact is more significant than you might imagine. In this post, we will take you on a ride to the world of e-bikes, exploring what they are, how they work, and the myriad benefits they bring to our lives. So, let’s embark on this journey and discover why electric bicycles are changing the way we ride.
What are Electric Bicycle and How Do They Work
Electric bicycles are essentially regular bicycles with a twist – an electric motor and a rechargeable battery. This electric motor provides riders with an extra boost of power, making cycling easier and more accessible. The motor can be activated in various ways, such as through pedal-assist sensors or a throttle, depending on the e-bike model.
Pedal-assist e-bikes are the most common. When you pedal, the motor kicks in to provide additional propulsion. You can usually adjust the level of assistance to suit your preferences, making it easier to tackle hills or headwinds.
Throttle-controlled e-bikes, on the other hand, allow you to activate the motor with a twist grip or a button, similar to a motorcycle throttle. These e-bikes don’t require pedaling, making them a popular choice for those who want a more scooter-like experience.
Regardless of the type, e-bikes offer a blend of human and electric power, making cycling more efficient and enjoyable for riders of all skill levels.
Benefits of Electric Bicycle
The surge in e-bike popularity is no accident; it is a result of the numerous advantages they offer:
Effortless Commuting: Beating Traffic and Arriving Fresh
One of the most immediate benefits of e-bikes is their efficiency in urban commuting. Visualize zipping past traffic jams, bypassing congested streets, and arriving at your destination without sweating and being out of breath. E-bikes make your daily commute much easier. No more wrestling with the stress of traffic or arriving at work drenched in perspiration. It’s a game-changer for urban workers and professionals.
Pedal with Ease: A Boost for Health and Fitness
While e-bikes provide assistance, they still require active pedaling from the rider. This means you can decide how much effort you want to put in. If you’re in the mood for a workout, you can pedal vigorously. If you need assistance, the electric motor does the job. E-bikes promote physical activity, improving your fitness while making cycling more accessible.
Eco-Friendly Transportation: Reducing Carbon Footprints
In this time and day, concerns about the environmental issues are increasing, e-bikes shine as an eco-friendly alternative. They run on electricity, producing zero emissions and contributing to a cleaner environment. By opting for an e-bike instead of a gas-guzzling vehicle, you’re reducing your carbon footprint and helping combat air pollution.
Inclusivity and Accessibility: Breaking Barriers
E-bikes are remarkably inclusive. They extend the joys of cycling to people of all ages and fitness levels. Whether you’re a senior looking for a fun way to stay active, a commuter with long distances to cover, or someone recovering from an injury, e-bikes break down limitations and make cycling accessible to everyone. They ensure that age and physical condition are no longer limitations to enjoying a bike ride.
Financial Benefits: Savings Over Time
Owning a car can be a financial burden with expenses such as fuel, maintenance, insurance, and parking fees. E-bikes offer a more cost-effective alternative. While the initial investment may seem substantial, it pays off over time. Charging an e-bike is far cheaper than fueling a car and maintenance is minimal in comparison. Your investment will surely be worth it in the long run.
Why Electric Bikes: The Need for Change
The rise of e-bikes is not just a trend, it is a response to the pressing need for more sustainable and efficient transportation options. Our cities are congested and traditional vehicles contribute significantly to air pollution and climate change. E-bikes offer the solution by providing an environmentally friendly and practical mode of transport.
In a world where the way we move is rapidly evolving, electric bicycles are changing the game. They combine the best of traditional cycling with advanced technology, making commuting more efficient, promoting physical fitness, reducing environmental impact, and breaking down barriers to cycling. The need for change is evident, and e-bikes are leading the way toward a more sustainable, healthier, and enjoyable future of transportation. So, if you haven’t already, consider hopping on an electric bike and experiencing the revolution for yourself. Your rides will never be the same again.
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Israel is in the midst of a 'war' as declared by Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, on Saturday, hours after the country was struck by a rocket and ground attack by Palestinian militant group, Hamas.
While skirmishes are not uncommon with both sides suffering casualties to various degrees, the scale of the Hamas assault on Saturday was unprecedented and took Israel by surprise.
Hamas showered around 500 rockets at Israel from the Gaza Strip and simultaneously its gunmen infiltrated inside the country.
The Hamas gunmen reportedly used paragliders motorbikes, pickup trucks, and also the sea to enter Israel, unchallenged into cities including Ashkelon, Ofakim and Sderot.
They went on a killing spree which is still continuing even on day four. Over a hundred Israelis have reportedly been taken hostage by the Hamas.
The attack came on the day of Simchat Torah, a Jewish holiday that celebrates and marks the conclusion of the annual cycle of public Torah readings, which is held on the last day of Sukkot.
The attack on a religiously significant day was a shocking reminder to many of another major escalation between Israel and Palestine exactly fifty years ago.
On October 6 1973 a coalition of Arab states led by Egypt and Syria launched an armed attack on Israel.
The surprise attack against Israel came on the holy day of Yom Kippur, the Day of Atonement for Jews, and the holiest day of the Jewish year.
The timing of the attack caught the Israeli authorities and Israel Defense Forces (IDF) off guard and it took them one day to put up a counterattack.
The conflict escalated to what is now called the Yom Kippur War/ 1973 Arab–Israeli War/ Fourth Arab–Israeli War.
The Arab attack was led by the Egyptian military which hoped to make some gains in the Sinai Peninsula and the Golan Heights, territories it lost in 1967 to Israel.
After initial setbacks, Israel gained the upper hand by October 14 and managed to breach the Egyptian defence and enter its soil to launch its counter-offensive.
The Israeli counter-offensive devastated the Egyptian military and resources and was forced to retreat into defensive positions.
At one point the Israelis had advanced to positions some 101 kilometres from Egypt's capital, Cairo, and occupied 1,600 square kilometres west of the Suez Canal.
Though a ceasefire deal came into effect on October 25, isolated battles continued till October 28.
The Yom Kippur War had resulted in one of the heaviest Israeli casualties on the battlefield ever. Over 2521 IDF men were killed and 7250 to 8800 soldiers were injured in the war.
On the other side, around 15,000 Eqyptians and 3,500 Syrians were killed.
The similarities between the Yom Kippur War and the attack on Simchat Torah are not limited to the dates.
In both cases, the Israeli intelligence failed to anticipate the scale of the attack and the Israel Defense Forces was not prepared for an assault of this magnitude.
The 1973 war led to the then Prime Minister Golda Meir being forced to resign. And as far as 2023 is concerned, Netanyahu has been in and out of office since 2019 as he has not been able to lead a stable government.
Currently, with Israel involved in a war, Netanyahu is hoping to form a Unity government with the support of the opposition.
For more on the news, sports, and current affairs from around the world, please visit Indiatimes News.
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No, jailbreaking your iPhone is not safe and can result in your personal information being stolen, your phone becoming infected with malware and your software malfunctioning.
Data Privacy Day, which takes place annually on January 28th, is a global effort to educate consumers and organizations about the importance of privacy, promote easy ways to protect personal information, and illustrate to organizations that good data privacy is good business.
Consumers are very concerned about how the companies they do business with are using their data, particularly since the pandemic forced everyone to shift a significant portion of their lives online. Over 80% of consumers told Pew Research that they feel the potential risks of companies collecting data about them outweigh the benefits.
Additionally, data privacy and cybersecurity are closely linked, and cyber attacks are rising in intensity, frequency, and cost. Cybersecurity is fundamental to data privacy. Keeper’s Cybersecurity in the Remote Work Era: A Global Risk Report found that financial institutions lost an average of $4.7 million to cyber attacks in 2020, while organizations in industry verticals lost an average of $2.7 million.
Here are some quick tips for consumers to protect their data privacy online, and for organizations to be good stewards of the data they collect.
3 Quick Data Privacy Tips for Consumers
1. Be cautious about handing over your personal information
Don’t give out personal information online unless you initiated the contact or otherwise know who you’re dealing with. Never click on email links soliciting personal information, and never download unknown email attachments. Go to the organization’s website and contact them directly.
2. Be cautious about app permissions
Don’t just blindly click “accept” when installing apps; take a look at what the app is asking to access, and be wary of apps that ask for a lot of personal information.
3. Secure your passwords
Securing your passwords is fundamental to securing your online privacy. Use strong, unique passwords for every online account and app, enable Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) on all accounts that support it, and use a password manager like Keeper. Keeper automatically generates unique, high-strength, random passwords for all your sites and apps and stores them in a personal, encrypted digital vault that you can access from any device, running any operating system.
Get Keeper Unlimited and start securely storing your personal passwords on unlimited devices!
3 Quick Data Privacy Tips for Businesses
1. Know your data
Many organizations are storing an enormous amount of “dark data,” an ominous-sounding name for digital assets that they’re not using and that they may not even know exist. Perform an audit of your existing data stores so that you understand what you have, and dispose of any dark data that isn’t subject to compliance holds.
2. Assess your data collection processes
Review your existing data collection practices and policies so that you have a thorough understanding of what personal information you’re collecting or processing. If you don’t need a piece of data for business or compliance purposes, don’t collect it. In addition to protecting consumer privacy, this protects your organization; cybercriminals can’t steal what you don’t have.
3. Secure your employees’ passwords
Verizon estimates that over 80% of successful breaches are due to weak or compromised passwords, so the biggest thing you can do to secure your data is to secure your employees’ passwords. Mandate the use of strong, unique passwords, 2FA, and the use of a password manager such as Keeper. Keeper’s zero-knowledge password management and security platform gives IT administrators complete visibility into employee password practices, enabling them to monitor password use and enforce password security policies across the entire organization, including password complexity requirements, 2FA, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), and other security policies.
Try Keeper Enterprise free for 14 days & see firsthand how it can help protect your organization from password-related data breaches & cyber threats.
Learn More About Organizational Data Privacy in Our Upcoming Webinar
Keeper CEO Darren Guccione will join Cybercrime Support Network (CSN) CEO Kristin Judge today, January 28th at 1:00 PM CT, for an engaging discussion on why organizations need to make data privacy a high priority in today’s interconnected ecosystem. Space is limited, so make sure to sign up for the webinar now.
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Description of Historic Place
Kiix?in Village and Fortress National Historic Site of Canada is located on the west coast of Vancouver Island, at a strategic siting between the exposed, rugged outer coast, and the more protected inner waters of Barkley Sound, in British Columbia. It is the site of a nineteenth century village and fortress that exhibits evidence of occupation dating to 1000 B.C.E. It also remains a sacred site to the present-day Huu-ay-aht First Nations. Official recognition refers to four distinct archaeological sites, which include the main village and fortress sites, and two other related archaeological sites.
Kiix?in Village and Fortress was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1999 because :
— as the traditional capital village of the Huu-ay-aht, a Nuu-chah-nulth First Nation, it is the only known First Nations village of the more than 100 villages on the southern British Columbia coast that still features significant, standing traditional architecture and which has a wealth of associated historic information from oral histories, archaeology, and archival records;
— it demonstrates continuous occupation of the area for almost 3, 000 years;
— it is characteristic of Nuu-chah-nulth defensive sites and warfare patterns, resource extraction and commercial practices, and illustrates changing Nuu-chah-nulth political and economic patterns in the 18th and 19th centuries.
The scientific and historic value of the site lies in its rarity as the only known First Nations village on the south coast of British Columbia that has retained its integrity, as well as in its contribution to the understanding of over 3000 years of continuous occupation. The main village (DeSh 1) contains evidence of ten houses, eight of which have traditional big house frames with timber posts, several having been carved, and beams that either remain standing or have fallen to the ground. The fortress site (DeSh-2) exhibits the outlines of five houses located on three platforms at different elevations. A small midden (DeSh 24) and a larger one (DeSh 25) with the remains of three more houses demonstrate continuous occupation of the area for almost 3,000 years, with the most recent occupation being the post contact establishment of Kiix?in Village and Fortress.
The natural features of the site made it an ideal location for occupation and defence. The two sandy beaches were used as landing sites for canoes, while the high rocky headlands provided a defensive stronghold and commanding views of the surroundings. Natural resources were abundant with intertidal and sub-tidal areas rich in invertebrates, fish, birds, mammals and seaweed. As a strategically located village, Kiix?in was central to coastal transportation, trade routes and shifting alliances of the Huu-ay-aht from approximately 500 B.C.E. to the late 19th century. By the 1880s, the Nuu-chah-nulth had moved from the village, but the site has remained important in the lives of its members for food gathering as well as ceremonial and spiritual purposes.
Source: Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada, Minutes December 1998; December 2002.
Key elements that contribute to the heritage character of the site include:
— its location at the interface between the exposed outer coast and the protected waters of Barkely Sound, British Columbia;
— the siting of the village on a well-drained terrace between a steep hill and a flat, broad beach bounded by two steep headlands;
— the siting of the fortress on a steep-sided, flat-topped, rocky promontory located at the centre of coastal transportation and trade routes along the southwestern coast of Vancouver Island;
— the integrity of any surviving archaeological remains of the ten village houses, including the house platforms situated, house posts, beams and archaeological remnants;
— the fortress site, with outlines of at least five houses, and the remains of an earth and rock wall;
— the small midden site (DeSh 24) located beside a stream;
— the large midden site (DeSh 25) with remains of three houses associated with the Huu-ay-aht village of Tl’inhapis;
— any evidence of the original orientation of the village houses towards the water;
— any evidence of the high level of craftsmanship and symbolic meaning in the architecture including the carved “capitals” of some houseposts and the carved wooden head;
— the integrity of any surviving or as yet unidentified archaeological remains which may be found within the site in their original placement and extent;
— the found spatial relationships of the house remains to one another and to the fortress site;
— the cultural associations between the site and the Huu-ay-aht, including oral history, songs, and other ceremonial and spiritual activities;
— the unobstructed viewscapes from the fortress site across the water.
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As Honolulu’s nearby skyscrapers gleamed pink in the late afternoon light, forty thousand people gathered in Ala Moana Beach Park on Memorial Day 2012. The festivities unfolded with taiko drumming, hula dancing, and traditional Hawaiian chanting. Then at twilight, Shinso Ito, the leader of the Japanese Buddhist organization Shinnyo-en, took the podium, her bright orange robes contrasting with the purpling sky. The huge assembly filling the beach before her had come to participate in a toro nagashi, a Japanese lantern-floating ceremony to honor and commemorate the dead. After a brief address welcoming the crowd and explaining the ceremony, she ritually blessed and purified the lanterns and sounded a bell. The thousands of participants then waded into the water with their glowing paper lanterns, each inscribed with personal messages and prayers for the dead. With the hope that the deceased would move toward enlightenment with the tide, the participants released their lanterns into the waves.
Since 1999, Shinnyo-en has held a lantern-floating ceremony in Honolulu every Memorial Day weekend, giving special thought to those who have died in war and to victims of natural disasters, famine, and disease. It has grown into a popular event that reaches far beyond the local Buddhist population. While it is not well known in American Buddhist circles, Shinnyo-en now counts more than one million members, mostly in Japan. An independent lay Buddhist order founded in 1936 by Shinso Ito’s father, Shinjo, and mother, Tomoji, the organization now has centers scattered across the globe, including six in the United States. Shinso Ito assumed her role as the head priest of Shinnyo-en in 1989, and today she remains one of the few women to have ever attained daisojo, the highest priestly rank of Japanese Shingon Buddhism.
Shinjo Ito was originally an aircraft engineer, but he believed that despite the great advancements in modern engineering, technology did not have all the answers. He pursued monastic training in Shingon, a Japanese tantric Buddhist tradition that was founded in the ninth century, and eventually received the highest transmissions for laity and priests in the Daigo order of Shingon. While he had great respect for the teachings of Shingon, it troubled Ito that the Shingon path was geared toward monastics and priests and thereby limited the number of people who could attain enlightenment. Shinnyo-en took shape in the period following World War II, a time of anxiety and uncertainty for many people in Japan. “Shinjo wanted to help them lead a mentally more stable life through Buddhism,” his daughter explains. “This was why he founded a form of training that did not just allow lay practitioners to participate alongside monastics. Rather, the fact that one was a layperson—that in itself—defined the path.”
Following this, Shinjo Ito came to emphasize the teachings of Mahaparinirvana Sutra, one of the most important texts of Mahayana Buddhism in East Asia. Believing that it encompassed the teachings of Shingon and made them accessible to laypeople, he made this sutra the backbone of the Shinnyo-en teachings. But the new organization that Shinjo and Tomoji Ito founded also had important roots in another lineage as well, one that was outside of institutional Buddhism. “Tomoji’s conviction,” says Shinso Ito, “came in part from a spiritual faculty she’d inherited from her maternal relatives, in particular her grandmother and aunt, who had used their spiritual abilities to help others based on religious principles inspired by the Lotus Sutra.” This spiritual faculty involved communicating with the spirit world, a realm that is tied to traditions of ancestor worship and is part of the doctrinal beliefs of many Japanese religious traditions. According to Shinjo Ito, this was a means of accessing a spiritual dimension related to the deep layers of consciousness (vijnana): the eighth (alaya) and ninth (amala) levels of consciousness described in Mahayana Buddhism as the “storehouse” and “untainted” layers, respectively. The alaya level contains the seeds of both positive and negative potentials or karma, while the amala layer is the pure realm of buddha-mind, or enlightened wisdom. By accessing this buddha-mind, one can in turn serve as a spiritual guide, helping others touch into it as well.
The important role of this practice in Shinnyo-en is most evident in its principal meditative training, called sesshin, which its members translate as “touching the essence.” (The same word is used in Japanese Zen traditions, but there it refers to particular long periods of intensive meditation.) Shinnyo-en members practice two types of sesshin, called structured and unstructured. In structured sesshin, which is only practiced at Shinnyo-en temples, spiritual guides sit across from individual participants during meditation. These guides offer reflections and advice on practice and life, spending three to five minutes with each person. “It’s a union that takes place so that the person who is meditating is guided to further deepen their meditation and to look at themselves more objectively,” says Nichelle Madrigal, an American Shinnyo-en priest. As such, it is not a conversation between participant and guide but rather an opportunity for the participant to listen and contemplate in order to experience one’s own innate wisdom.
The insights found in structured sesshin inform unstructured sesshin, a practice of reflecting on daily life and applying the teachings to one’s everyday activities. As Patrick O’Connor, a spiritual guide in the tradition, explains, “Shinnyo-en teaches that everyone has the opportunity for enlightenment in this life and that it can be achieved through practice, but that practice comes not only from a meditative experience like sesshin but also from acting in everyday society.” This teaching is apparent in the emphasis that Shinnyo-en places on social awareness and outreach. Their philanthropic activities have included giving scholarships to underprivileged students around the world, constructing schools in developing countries, and providing help in the wake of natural disasters, such as building a mosque for a community in Pakistan that was ravaged by an earthquake.
In 1994, the Shinnyo-en Foundation was established to support educational programs encouraging young people to engage in acts of service. Service, from the point of view of the foundation, is not defined simply as volunteerism or activism but rather as any action that is “other-centered,” be it washing dishes for a family member or visiting a sick friend in hospital. The key is that service is a combination of the external actions we take in the world and the internal motivations that drive our actions. As Shinso Ito explains, “The future of Shinnyo-en lies in helping build a world in which everyone can find happiness.”
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New research throws light on the predictability of seizure cycles for people with epilepsy
Cycles govern most aspects of our day-to-day life and our biology.
There are environmental cycles, like the 8-hour working day, 5-day working week, monthly mortgage repayments and seasonal weather patterns.
Epilepsy is particularly sensitive to metabolic cycles. Picture: Shutterstock
There are also cycles in our body governed by hormonal and metabolic activities, like body temperature, sleep and appetite. Longer biological rhythms exist too, like the menstrual cycle, breeding and hibernation.
It is not surprising that so many interwoven cycles can affect human disease in complex ways. Epilepsy is particularly sensitive to metabolic cycles with seizures known to be provoked by poor sleep, heat stress, alcohol consumption, exercise, changes in mood and even the weather.
Breakthrough: Medicinal cannabis and severe epilepsy
Hundreds of years ago, neurologists documented their patients’ seizure times and found reliable patterns that, for some people, were repeated daily, weekly and monthly.
The cause of these cycles was not clear and the cause of longer cycles remained particularly mysterious. For some women, seizures appeared to be linked to menstruation; however, monthly cycles were also common in men.
Baffled, several researchers resorted to supernatural explanations like ‘moon madness’.
Understanding seizure cycles, and being able to forecast when they will occur, has profound implications for better treatment of epilepsy.
We have conducted the largest study of seizure cycles in humans and our research, published in the Lancet Neurology, provides conclusive evidence that multi-day cycles exist for most people with epilepsy.
A major finding from our study is the high rate of seizure cycles in the population which means that cycles could potentially be affecting the treatment of most people with epilepsy.
Seizures can be provoked by poor sleep, heat stress, alcohol consumption, exercise, changes in mood and even the weather. Picture: Getty Images
We still do not understand the causes of seizure cycles and it is difficult to replicate early studies of multi-day seizure cycles because reliable, longitudinal data of individuals’ seizure times is not typically collected.
Early studies were conducted in a world where people travelled less or lived in closed epilepsy colonies where it was much easier to obtain complete records of a person’s seizure times over decades.
MORE THAN JUST A ‘BAD WEEK’
Q&A: How algorithms are fighting epilepsy
Nowadays, people with epilepsy may report having a ‘bad week’ at the start of each month, a cluster of seizures every 10 days, or other cyclic patterns. However, while anecdotal evidence of long-term seizure cycles is abundant, experimental proof is lacking
Our study was based on two of the largest databases of human seizures ever recorded. The first dataset is from 15 people with epilepsy who were implanted with a device to continuously recorded their brain signals for up to three years.
The second dataset is a non-invasive, online record of peoples’ seizure times reported via a mobile app SeizureTracker.com, with data sharing supported by the International Seizure Diary Consortium.
The implant data provided an extremely accurate, objective account of seizure times since seizures were directly verified from brain activity. App data is based on self-reporting so is more subjective, but reflects a large and diverse cohort of over 10,000 people reporting for up to 10 years.
THE SEVEN-DAY CYCLE
We measured the strength of cycles from periods of 12 hours to three months. A majority (86 per cent) of people had at least one significant cycle
Circadian or 24-hour cycles were most common at 83 per cent, however 23 per cent of people had a seven-day cycle. A quarter of the participants also had at least one cycle that was longer than three weeks.
Gathering self-reported data on peoples’ seizures via a mobile app meant researchers could capture a large and diverse dataset. Picture: Pexels
The existence of a precise seven-day cycle in over one fifth of the cohort was staggering. These weekly cycles suggest human brain activity is entrained to an artificial seven-day week in addition to our brain’s well-documented synchrony with the 24-hour light cycle.
The weekday that most seizures occurred was unique to the individual and, across the population, no day of the week was ‘worse’ than any other day. Like many researchers before us, we also found that longer cycles were equally common in men and women.
So what are the implications of our findings?
Failing to account for multi-day cycles could lead to inconsistent treatment decisions.
For instance, if medication changes were made at the high point of someone’s cycle there would be a perceived benefit because afterwards seizures would begin to decrease.
After the low point of the cycle however, seizures would begin to increase and the drug would seem to be performing badly. Similarly, tracking seizure cycles during clinical trials is important to properly measure the effectiveness of a new drug.
Perhaps the most exciting aspect of this research is that cycles were measured from self-reported mobile seizure diaries. By developing the right software, we can immediately begin using the information from seizure cycles to improve treatment outcomes.
A SEIZURE FORECASTING APP
The main aim of my research is to develop a seizure forecasting app and this study is an important step towards that goal. At our start-up company, Seer, we have developed Beagle Health Tracker, an app that detects the different cycles that modulate individuals’ seizures and present this information graphically.
The Beagle Health Tracker app helps users plan according to their how likely they are to have a seizure that day.
Users can track where they are in a particular cycle, explore the different associated risk levels and schedule medication to align to their unique rhythms. The next step is to incorporate additional data to build a more nuanced picture of an individual’s seizure likelihood.
One important data source available soon is brain signals recorded from outside the skull. Recently our team, lead by Professor Mark Cook, announced that a trial of Minder, a sub-scalp implant device, will begin in Melbourne as early as next year. Devices like Minder are anticipated to revolutionise seizure forecasting.
However, it is important to begin the data collection process now.
Our investigation has taught us that tracking seizure times can reveal rich patterns that can be used to build better forecasts and make a real difference to how people manage epilepsy.
This article is sourced from our Proud Precinct Partner, the University of Melbourne
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Two wolves hanging on with abundant moose on Isle Royale
The last two wolves on Isle Royale are still hanging on.
The wolf-moose research study on the wilderness island in Lake Superior is now in its 60th year, and the report from the past year of the study is out today.
John Vucetich is a professor of wildlife ecology at Michigan Technological University. He notes the two wolves are not reproducing -- they're closely related and extremely inbred.
“The most important thing we learned is that they’re still alive. They’re hanging in there for another couple years. They’re getting old, though, they’re now seven years old and nine years old,” he says. “And you wouldn’t expect them to live for too much longer.”
The researchers estimate the island's moose population to be 1,475.
“They’re growing rapidly. Over the past seven years, they’ve been growing at about 16% per year,” says Vucetich. “Imagine if your bank accounts grew at 16% a year, you’d be rich in a hurry. What it means on Isle Royale is that they can double in abundance in about four or five years growing at that rate.”
A freight train
He says there’s lots of food on the island right now, and that’s the only way growth like that can be sustained. Vucetich says moose love to eat balsam fir, and although there's still plenty of fir on the island, the researchers are starting to see the earliest signs of very high browse rates.
"It’s like a freight train heading straight for a wall," he says of the high moose population. "There will be a point, and it will occur suddenly, when they run out of food, and then the population would be expected at that point to collapse."
In March, the National Park Service announced its intention to introduce 20 to 30 wolves to the island. The decision still needs to be finalized, but Vucetich says if it does happen as expected, there are quite a few things to consider.
“The main issues end up being things like: what should the genetic properties of these wolves be like? Seems to be the broad consensus that they could come from anywhere in the Great Lakes region, Michigan, Minnesota, Ontario and that would be just fine, genetically," he says.
He says another important consideration is whether to introduce wolves that know how to kill moose.
"And this is a challenging one because there’s a pretty good view to think that wolves are a quick study. If they’ve never seen a moose before, if instead, they’ve only hunted say, white-tailed deer, they’ll figure it out and they’ll figure it out fast, it’s not a problem," he says.
But he says sometimes, people can also be a little overconfident about how successful reintroductions of animals will be.
"This is because reintroductions that fail, we tend to kind of forget them. We remember the successful ones. And what that means is that if you’re really sensitive to maximizing the chances of success here, you might want to consider having wolves that have experience hunting moose," he says.
Vucetich says the Park Service is consulting a panel of wolf biologists to guide the agency in these decisions.
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The Bristol F.2 was developed as a two-seat reconnaissance aircraft, but was able to assert itself after a difficult introduction after an improvement as a single-seat fighter.
Development and construction:
In the fall of 1915, the Royal Flying Corps demanded a replacement for the Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2c, which dates back to pre-World War I times. Especially the performance should be increased and the defense against attacks from enemy fighter planes.
The Royal Aircraft Factory then submitted the draft R.E.8, the company Armstrong Whitworth Company the F.K.7, later classified as F.K.8. A little later, in March 1916, the company Bristol Airplane Company presented the draft of the chief designer Frank Barnwell. It featured two variants, the Type 9 R.2A with a 120 hp Beardmore engine and the Type 9A R.2B with a 150 hp Hispano-Suiza engine. However, before the Royal Flying Corps could decide on one of the designs, the 190 hp Rolls-Royce Falcon inline engine was about to be introduced. Frank Barnwell reworked his designs and now put the design for the type 12 F.2A. Due to the strong increase in performance and the aerodynamic adaptation of the fuselage to the weight, the design was more likely than competition for the two-seat fighter aircraft F.E.2d and Sopwith 1½ Strutter instead of a reconnaissance aircraft.
In July 1916, the construction of the prototype followed the performance at the Royal Flying Corps. Already on August 28, 1916, the first order of 50 aircraft was abandoned. A second prototype was tested for the first time on October 25, 1916. In the tests, however, it turned out that the field of view was obstructed by the exhaust pipes of the engine. After some further adjustments were made, the production of the now classified as Bristol F.2A aircraft was discontinued after 52 pieces and converted to the Bristol F.2B.
The first 150 Bristol F.2B aircraft received a Rolls-Royce Falcon I or Rolls-Royce Falcon II engine, after which the Rolls-Royce Falcon III engine was converted.
In total, around 5.329 Bristol F.2A and Bristol F.2B aircraft were built.
Use in the First World War:
Just before Christmas 1916, the 48th Squadron was started to equip with the new aircraft. On March 8, 1917, the squadron was transferred from Britain to France to the Western Front to prepare for the upcoming Second Battle of Arras. In order to surprise the Germans, who did not know anything about the new aircraft until then, the training flights were limited to the bare essentials. As a tactic, a formation flight was chosen, which should allow the aircraft to crossfire the enemy planes. When the battle began on April 5, 1917, six Bristol F.2A flew across the battlefield. They met five Albatros D.III aircraft of the German Jagdstaffel 11 under the leadership of Manfred von Richthofen. The tactics of the British proved to be a failure compared to the German fighter planes and so four of the six aircraft were shot down and another seriously damaged.
In other missions showed that the aircraft were not suitable for attacking in the formation of the enemy. However, the pilots recognized that the aircraft were sufficiently robust and agile to be used as fighter aircraft. Through the rigid machine gun at the bow, the pilot could aim himself and the observer could fight enemy aircraft with his machine gun. Subsequent missions as fighter pilots with the appropriate tactics surprised the German pilots and the aircraft finally achieved good results, which also the losses went down sharply.
From May 1917, the Bristol F.2A was replaced by the Bristol F.2B aircraft. In July 1917, the British Department of Defense decided to equip all Hunters' Reconnaissance Squadrons with the Bristol F.2B, which resulted in a large demand for production.
Several months before the end of the war, some of the Bristol F.2B aircraft were used to test the new radio transmission. The 11th Squadron was the first squadron to use this technique. This allowed the Squadron Leader to issue orders to the other aircraft. However, since the radio messages only worked in one direction and the antennas had to be retracted before the fight, this principle could not prevail on other squadrons. Also tested with the Bristol F.2B aircraft was the use of parachutes. For this purpose, the aircraft were modified so that a static line was attached to the underside of the fuselage, which triggered the parachute. This technique was further tested after the war.
In September and October, the British Ministry of Defense increased the order of the aircraft by 1.600 pieces, although not all could be completed by the end of the war. Overall, the Royal Flying Corps had at armistice over 1.583 aircraft. Of these, six were deployed in France, five in the UK and one each in the Middle East and Italy.
Designation: | Bristol F.2B |
Country: | Great Britain |
Typ: | Armed reconnaissance aircraft, fighter aircraft |
Length: | 7,87 meters |
Span: | 11,96 meters |
Height: | 2,97 meters |
Mass: | 975 kg empty |
Crew: | Max. 2 |
Engine: | A 12-cylinder in-line engine Rolls-Royce Falcon II with 275 HP |
Maximum speed: | 198 km/h |
Reach: | unknown |
Armament: | One 7,7-mm Lewis machine gun on turntable
One rigid 7,7mm Vickers machine gun Up to 108 kilograms of bombs |
You can find the right literature here:
The First Air War, 1914-1918
In this concise study, Kennett tells the complete story of World War I's air battles, from Eastern to Western front, from the skies of Europe and its seas to those of the Middle East and Africa.
Aircraft of World War I 1914-1918 (Essential Identification Guide)
Illustrated with detailed artworks of combat aircraft and their markings, Aircraft of World War I: The Essential Aircraft Identification Guide is a comprehensive study of the aircraft that fought in the Great War of 1914–18. Arranged chronologically by theatre of war and campaign, this book offers a complete organizational breakdown of the units on all the fronts, including the Eastern and Italian Fronts. Each campaign includes a compact history of the role and impact of aircraft on the course of the conflict, as well as orders of battle, lists of commanders and campaign aces such as Manfred von Richtofen, Eddie Rickenbacker, Albert Ball and many more. Every type of aircraft is featured, including the numerous variations and types of well- known models, such as the Fokker Dr.I, the Sopwith Camel and the SPAD SVII, through to lesser-known aircraft, such as the Rumpler C.1, and the Amstrong Whitworth FK8. Each aircraft profile is accompanied by exhaustive specifications, as well as details of individual and unit markings. Packed with more than 200 color profiles of every major type of combat aircraft from the era, Aircraft of World War I 1914–1918 is an essential reference guide for modellers, military historians and aircraft enthusiasts.
World War One Aircraft Carrier Pioneer: The Story and Diaries of Captain JM McCleery RNAS/RAF
Jack McCleery was born in Belfast in 1898, the son of a mill owning family. He joined the RNAS in 1916 as a Probationary Flight Officer. During the next ten months he completed his training at Crystal Palace, Eastchurch, Cranwell, Frieston, Calshot and Isle of Grain, flying more than a dozen landplanes, seaplanes and flying boats, gaining his wings as a Flight Sub-Lieutenant. In July 1917 he was posted to the newly commissioning aircraft carrier HMS Furious, which would be based at Scapa Flow and Rosyth. He served in this ship until February 1919, flying Short 184 seaplanes and then Sopwith 1½ Strutters off the deck. He also flew a large number of other types during this time from shore stations at Turnhouse, East Fortune and Donibristle.
He served with important and well-known naval airmen including Dunning, Rutland (of Jutland) and Bell Davies VC. He witnessed Dunning’s first successful landing on a carrier flying a Sopwith Pup in 1917 and his tragic death a few days later. He also witnessed the Tondern raid in 1918, the world’s first carrier strike mission. He took part in more than a dozen sweeps into the North Sea by elements of the Grand Fleet and Battle Cruiser Fleet. He carried out reconnaissance missions off the coast of Denmark, landing in the sea to be picked up by waiting destroyers. He witnessed the surrender of the High Seas Fleet. Promoted to Captain, he acted as temporary CO of F Squadron for a time postwar.
A World War 1 Adventure: The Life and Times of RNAS Bomber Pilot Donald E. Harkness
A deeply personal and revealing eyewitness narrative of one airman's life as a bomber pilot in England 's RNAS (Royal Naval Air Service) in WWI. It is a true story, an adventure, and a war memoir carefully constructed from Captain Donald E. Harkness's unpublished diaries, letters, sketches and photographs - only recently uncovered nearly a century later - that documented his remarkable experiences and military adventures over England, France and Belgium. The first book written by a highly decorated WWI flyer from New Zealand that captures the "behind the scenes" life of RNAS pilots, as well as the surprises, terrors, traumas, humor, and sheer excitement of an aerial form of combat never before experienced by anyone, anywhere - and only eleven short years after the Wright Brothers historic flight at Kitty Hawk. With a talent for writing, Don begins an epic journey at a major turning point in history when the world is poised at the dawn of flight, and bracing itself for unknown dangers of unprecedented sophistication and savagery. Don's journal reveals unique insights and vivid imagery of another time and experience, to wit: - the terror and devastation of a Zeppelin bombing raid in London - the training regimen of early flying schools, and their serious & comic episodes - the wonder, awe, and poetry of flying aloft in the majestic heavens - vivid bombing raids, plus the raid that earned him the DSC - his crash-landing and capture - working with the underground to help downed pilots evade capture - London's unrestrained exuberance on Armistice Day; . . . and much, much more.
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In the world of sustainable living and eco-friendly choices, one natural wonder stands out for its versatility and benefits: the organic latex rubber tree. These incredible trees are the source of a material that's revolutionizing everything from mattresses to pillows, offering consumers a healthier, more sustainable option. But what exactly makes organic latex rubber trees so special? Let’s delve into the benefits, growth, harvesting process, and the rich history of these remarkable trees.
The Origins of Organic Latex Rubber Trees
The story of latex begins in the lush rainforests of South America, where indigenous people first discovered the unique properties of the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis). They would tap the trees to collect the milky sap, which they used to create waterproof items. This natural resource eventually caught the attention of explorers and industrialists, leading to the global cultivation of rubber trees.
Today, organic latex rubber trees are primarily grown in tropical regions like Southeast Asia, Africa, and Central America. These trees thrive in warm, humid climates and are an essential part of sustainable forestry practices.
Growing Organic Latex Rubber Trees
Organic latex rubber trees are grown without synthetic pesticides or fertilizers, making the entire process all-natural and environmentally friendly. Organic farming methods enhance soil health and biodiversity, promoting a balanced ecosystem. Farmers use organic compost and natural pest control techniques, ensuring the trees grow strong and healthy without harming the environment.
These trees are a sustainable resource because they can be tapped for latex for many years, often over 20-25 years, without being cut down. This long lifespan reduces the need for frequent replanting and helps maintain forest cover.
The Harvesting Process
Harvesting latex from rubber trees is a fascinating process. Farmers carefully make incisions in the bark of the tree, allowing the milky latex sap to flow out. This sap is then collected in small cups attached to the tree. The process, known as tapping, is done in a way that does not harm the tree, allowing it to continue producing latex for many years.
Once collected, the latex sap is processed to remove impurities and then transformed into various products. For organic latex, this process involves minimal chemical intervention, ensuring that the final product remains as natural and pure as possible.
Benefits of Organic Latex
1. Healthier Sleep Environment: Organic latex is hypoallergenic, resistant to dust mites, mold, and mildew. This makes it an excellent choice for mattresses and pillows, providing a cleaner, healthier sleep environment, especially for allergy sufferers.
2. Eco-Friendly: Choosing organic latex products supports sustainable agriculture and reduces the reliance on synthetic materials and chemicals. This means a smaller carbon footprint and less environmental pollution.
3. Durability and Comfort: Organic latex is incredibly durable and resilient, maintaining its shape and supportive qualities for many years. It conforms to your body’s contours, providing excellent support and pressure relief, which is especially beneficial for sleep products.
4. Biodegradable: Unlike synthetic alternatives, organic latex is biodegradable. When it reaches the end of its useful life, it can break down naturally, reducing waste and environmental impact.
Why Consumers Should Care
Understanding the journey of organic latex from rubber trees to your home gives you a greater appreciation of this natural wonder. By choosing products made from organic latex, you are not only investing in your health and comfort but also supporting sustainable and ethical farming practices.
Making the switch to organic latex products is a powerful statement about your commitment to the environment and sustainable living. It’s about making choices that benefit both you and the planet.
Organic latex rubber trees are a testament to nature's incredible ability to provide for our needs in a sustainable and eco-friendly way. From their humble beginnings in the rainforests to their modern-day applications, these trees offer a wealth of benefits that are hard to ignore. Whether you're looking for a healthier sleep environment, a durable and comfortable mattress, or a way to reduce your environmental impact, our organic latex products are a fantastic choice.
So next time you’re shopping for bedding or furniture, consider the power of our organic latex products. Embrace the organic, all-natural benefits and sleep better knowing you’ve made a positive impact on the world.
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Fact or Fiction: Home Energy Myths & More For This Fall
“Don’t believe everything you read or see on the internet.”
How often do others tell us to be wary of what appears as fact on social media? In a digital age where information is readily — and constantly — available at our fingertips, the National Energy Improvement Fund (NEIF) is here to set the record straight on a number of energy-saving myths.
As the nation’s only Certified B Corp and U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Home Improvement Expert Lender, the NEIF team consists of accomplished energy and resiliency financing experts. With a lending legacy dating back nearly eight decades, NEIF doesn’t only serve as a reliable source for all things energy efficiency, but as a trusted and transparent lender for home and business owners installing upgrades that improve comfort, health, and overall sustainability!
The transition from summer to cooler fall weather begs the following question: how to save energy at home? Additionally, what strategies are actually the most effective?
Continue reading as NEIF classifies common energy-saving beliefs as fact or fiction to either confirm or debunk their validity.
6 Common Energy-Saving Beliefs
1.) Newer homes are always more energy efficient than older homes.
FICTION — This isn’t necessarily true. In the early 1990s, the DOE established the Building Energy Codes Program, enabling state and local governments to enforce energy regulations for new construction. So yes, newer homes will natural abide by the most current standards for efficiency, but it is possible to install upgrades and retrofits that greatly improve the efficiency of an older home, too.
Working with NEIF and our national database of Approved Contractors allows you the opportunity to install these types of improvements with the guarantee of fixed-rate, low monthly payment financing. Explore our NEIF-Approved Contractors and their servicesc here.
2.) Lowering your thermostat reduces what you spend toward monthly energy bills.
FACT — The DOE reports that you can save up to 10% per year on heating and cooling costs just by lowering your thermostat anywhere from 7 to 10 degrees Fahrenheit for around eight hours per day. If this sounds intimidating — or you fear being uncomfortable — try aligning this timeframe with your nighttime routine (when you’re asleep) or while you’re out of the house.
3.) Using electric space heaters in just one room is more cost effective than firing up your whole-house system.
FICTION — Did you know that space heating accounts for nearly half of the average American family’s monthly energy bill? According to the DOE, it’s often the largest home energy expense. For a comprehensive breakdown of home heating — and more efficient tips — refer to the infographic posted to Energy.gov.
4.) Don’t fix what isn’t broken.
FICTION — Maybe you’ve gotten lucky and haven’t encountered issues with your HVAC system, and have managed to get by without scheduling regular servicing appointments. That’s great! However, this practice isn’t recommended for the masses. No matter the time of year — routine maintenance is integral to maintaining the health and efficiency of your system.
Not sure where to start? Search for an NEIF-Approved Contractor local to you.
5.) Electronics and other devices that remain plugged into the wall still consume energy — even when not in use.
FACT — The culprit? A term coined “phantom power” describes the electricity that continues to supply televisions, computer systems, and all appliances that we likely turn off, but don’t unplug when not actively using. And if you’re wondering what impact this habit actually has on your home energy bills, the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) revealed in a 2015 study that Americans collectively waste an average $19 billion per year on phantom energy.
Some solutions? It might be wise to first conduct a quick audit of your most used devices, how often you realistically unplug them, and where they are in your home. From there, perhaps you’ll be able to discard unneeded cords or even donate unused appliances. To cut down on energy for all other electronics, invest in power strips (and even smart power strips!) so you can effectively manage the power source for multiple devices at a time.
6.) Cranking up the thermostat will warm your home faster.
FICTION — The next time you feel chilly in your home, consider fighting the urge to head straight for the thermostat. The truth is: despite what temperature you crank on, your heating system maintains the same working speed. On average, a system runs 10 to 15 minutes at a time, cycling off once a desired temperature is met. An article written by Husky Heating and Air Conditioning outlines three results that are bound to follow:
- Wasted energy
- Uncomfortably warm home
- Faster wear and tear on your furnace
All things considered, programmable thermostats are the smartest and most effective investment for creating a comfortable home environment.
The next time you find yourself questioning your home’s efficiency, contemplating an upgrade, or even feeling discouraged by your monthly energy bills — NEIF is a great place to start! And better yet, NEIF-Approved Contractors ensure that the energy-saving and efficiency projects you have in mind get completed, affordably. Get started today.
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Every piece of land in the Netherlands is defined by a zoning plan describing archaeological, cultural-historical and biological values. These values determine what can and what cannot be built on a site. However the social aspect in these building plans is lacking. Not taking social values into consideration means that important but sometimes invisible places such as a community centre might be overlooked during city development. The Story Miner collects stories from local residents explaining what certain places mean to them. These ‘soft’ values are mapped in a way that mirrors the official municipal zoning maps. This project argues that decision makers should take social values into account when working on redevelopment of projects.
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Whilst tramlining a field to help drainage a farmer dislodged the large cap stone of a Bronze Age Burial cist.
At first the farmer thought it was a fox hole and was about to refilling it when he noticed a pottery vessel within the stone lined pit. Following a telephone call to the Conservation team, Jessica Turner went out to excavate and record the burial.
The enormous cap stone was only about 30cm below the surface and the inhumation was in a crouch position within the stone lined pit. The cist and position is typical of a Bronze Age (2000-700BC) Burial. The vessel is known as a Beaker pot and dates to about 1500BC and the ostological evidence suggest the burial is male and was around 20 years of age at the time of death.
Some of the bones were covered in a remarkable fungal growth probably associated with tree roots. The University of Derby is carrying out more analysis of the bones including isotopes and facial reconstruction so hopefully we will eventually know what he looked like and where he came from.
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What a Simple Blood Panel Can Reveal About Your Health
Blood tests can be an important tool for healthcare providers in diagnosing and treating certain conditions.
“Blood tests measure or examine cells, chemicals, proteins or other substances in the blood,” said Robert J. Usaitis, DO, a family medicine physician at Penn Highlands Family Medicine in DuBois. “They are often a part of routine exams, and they are used to diagnose diseases, monitor chronic conditions, find out if treatment is working, check how well your organs are working, diagnose bleeding or clotting disorders and learn if your immune system is having trouble fighting infections.”
Blood tests can also help you and your doctor keep track of your overall health, allowing you to see how your body is changing over time so that you can make informed decisions about your healthcare.
There are many types of blood tests, and these are among the most common.
Complete blood count
A complete blood test is often included as part of a regular checkup, and it measures the levels of different parts of your blood, including red and white blood cells, platelets and hemoglobin. High or low levels of certain cells can point to certain conditions.
Basic metabolic panel
This is a group of tests that measure certain chemicals in your blood, including blood glucose, calcium and electrolytes, as well as tests that measure kidney function. Basic metabolic panels are generally done on the fluid part of blood, and it can give providers important information about your organs.
Blood enzyme tests
Blood enzyme tests may be used to diagnose a heart attack. Enzymes are substances that control chemical reactions in your body. Some of the most common types of blood enzyme tests are troponin and creatine kinase tests, which test to see if you've had a heart attack or if your heart muscle is damaged. These tests are usually run through Emergency Room blood testing.
These tests measure the levels of LDL (bad) and HDL (good) cholesterol, as well as triglycerides in your blood. Cholesterol and triglyceride levels that are outside the normal range may mean that a patient is at a higher risk of heart disease.
Also known as blood clotting tests, these check proteins in the blood that affect the blood clotting process, and it can show if you have a disorder that causes too much bleeding or too much clotting.
Preparing for a Blood Test
You do not need to do anything special to prepare for most blood tests, because these tests are meant to examine your blood under normal conditions. There are some blood tests, however, where you might need to fast for a certain amount of time prior to the test. Your healthcare provider will let you know if you need to fast before a blood test.
“We generally recommend that individuals get routine blood tests once a year, usually at the same time as your annual exam,” said Dr. Usaitis. “If you are over 40, have a chronic illness or are experiencing unusual symptoms, your doctor may recommend more frequent testing.”
If your physician prescribes blood tests, Penn Highlands Healthcare offers a range of lab services at convenient locations throughout Pennsylvania. Walk-ins are welcome at most locations. Outpatient testing facilities are staffed by certified medical technologists, technicians and phlebotomists. This highly experienced team performs tests that help your provider in identifying, diagnosing and treating health problems and conditions. To learn more, visit www.phhealthcare.org/lab.
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Description: As the effects of climate change become more destructive, militaries have been increasingly called upon to participate in humanitarian assistance and disaster relief (HADR) operations - even in Europe where this has not traditionally been their role. In order to maintain their readiness to face the long-term threats of climate change, militaries must continue to integrate climate security into defence planning.
Climate change is among the great threats facing the world today. With each of the last four decades being successively warmer than any preceding decade since 1850, global warming is contributing to increased rainfall, increased drought, and rising sea levels around the world. This in turn increases the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, heightening the risk of converging disasters.
Covid-19 has demonstrated the difficulties faced by states in managing multiple disasters simultaneously. As disasters increase and climate security becomes a growing topic of national concern, security actors including militaries are likely to take on a bigger role in the HADR space. As such, the need to build military readiness in an increasingly complex operating environment is becoming very urgent.
Author: S. Nanthini
Published in: IDSS Paper: No. 020/2021
Published by: S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies
Date and Place: 2 December 2021, Singapore
TOPICS / Subjects:
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The pandemic changed how mental health is discussed and treated
This article is part of a paid branded content series with Get Creative, a division of USA Today. The article originally appeared on USA Today here.
Health providers discuss the COVID-19 pandemic’s substantial impact on mental health.
Over the last 15 months, caregivers, patients and everyday people have endured unprecedented conditions. The events of this period were taxing mentally as well as physically, with anxiety over contracting or spreading COVID-19, uncertainty about transmission methods, loss of work, and social isolation contributing to declining mental health during 2020. These factors worsened preexisting mental health problems for some, while others experienced them anew.
In fact, a recent report from the Kaiser Family Foundation (KFF) noted that in the U.S., four in 10 adults reported symptoms of a depressive disorder or anxiety during the pandemic: an increase from one in 10 adults reporting the same symptoms in early-to-mid 2019. The KFF also reported that incidents of depression in children ages 3-17 grew from 4% to 7% and those experiencing anxiety grew from 8% to 13%.
“Certain populations, age groups, and jobs were disproportionately impacted,” said Arpan Waghray, MD, chief medical officer at Providence Behavioral Medicine. Those most at-risk included young adults (ages 18-24), frontline and essential workers, and people of color.
As a result, healthcare organizations like Providence quickly pivoted to provide different support and care models. Telehealth, which existed before the pandemic, grew significantly during the crisis when providers realized how beneficial it was for many populations. Providence began offering same-day access to a behavioral health concierge program, with therapists trained in all modalities of care, including access to a telehealth chaplain.
"Behavioral health lends itself naturally to telehealth,” Waghray said. Some are even better served this way, like parents with childcare issues, people with social anxiety disorder, and those with transportation difficulties.
The Providence substance abuse programs received more self-referrals for treatment during the pandemic as well, said Danilynn Benavente, an education and outreach specialist with the Providence St. Peter Hospital Chemical Dependency Center in Lacey, Washington.
“We can’t dismiss that COVID influenced first-time use or increased substance use,” she said. “Many people reported that the impact of COVID increased their triggers for using.”
Youth and young adults
The youth population experienced more symptoms of depression and anxiety than years prior, leading to increased pharmaceutical treatments. For the 10-14 age range, prescriptions for these symptoms were twice as high as they were before the pandemic.
“We noticed a greater need, mostly through pediatricians,” Waghray said.
More than half of young adults (56%) experienced depressive disorder and/or anxiety as well, according to the KFF report. And 26% of young adults expressed suicidal thoughts, more than double the 11% rate of all adults.
The struggles were often due to isolation. Because young people were not able to spend time with friends in and outside of school, clinicians needed to suggest new ways for youth to creatively keep their minds occupied.
Sharing the Work 2 Be Well website was one way to help kids and their parents. The youth-led site provides mental health education and advocacy programs, along with a clinically-vetted curriculum for schools and youth groups, said Robin Henderson PsyD, chief executive of behavioral health for Providence Oregon, and the organization’s chief clinical officer. The site shares information on understanding the science of mental health, how to recognize when friends or kids are in distress, and how to have conversations with teens about mental health.
In addition to the Work 2 Be Well site, Providence shared self-help tools through the Credible Mind website, which shares appropriate resources based on self-reported responses to issues like stress.
“Not all kids coming back from college want to talk to a therapist. They want self-help but are overwhelmed and underserved by a Google search,” said Waghray, who added that some prefer learning from a podcast or app.
During the pandemic and after, parents should pay attention if their child stops talking with them, advised Henderson.
“It’s a warning that they have something inside and they don’t know how to share it. They may need more help than parents can provide,” she said.
Prior to the pandemic, Providence began adding behavioral health staff to primary care and specialty clinics in Oregon. In 60 of the 110 clinics across Oregon, behavioral health clinicians are embedded.
Substance abuse and dependency
The young adult population was more likely to report substance abuse compared to all adults, with 25% of young adults reporting it, compared to 13% for all adults, per the KFF report. Additionally, 13% of adults reported that stress from COVID-19 led to new or increased substance use, according to a Centers for Disease Control (CDC) report from June 2020.
Providence St. Peter Hospital Chemical Dependency Center pivoted to phone or video visits and support groups, which was difficult for some patients to adjust to, while others found the virtual setting optimal, according to Benavente. The staff emphasized emotional wellness, validating what the patients were going through.
“Early on we focused on gauging how people were doing at that moment with processing, problem solving, and crisis interventions,” she said. “We focused on the here and now rather than continuing with our curriculum.”
Changing the focus allowed providers to meet patients’ immediate needs and review or adapt to techniques they already learned. That included suggesting exercise routines to do at home for patients who relied on working out, or identifying social alternatives for those missing in-person gatherings.
Focusing on the self
While transitioning to virtual mental healthcare visits, Providence’s behavioral health and primary care clinicians provided patients with ways to focus on their wellbeing.
“The biggest thing to focus on is what you need to do to take care of you,” said Henderson, who suggests simple techniques include engaging in breathing exercises, or even pausing what you’re doing for a few minutes, which can help lower your heart rate.
Henderson also recommends that people make their own self-care kits, incorporating photos, sounds, playlists, smells and tactile objects. Even having a soft blanket nearby and drinking a cup of tea when you need a break can make a difference.
“We forget the importance of that type of self-care,” she said.
One of the pandemic’s silver linings is that it changed the way people talk about mental health. Mental health is now considered essential, said Henderson.
“People are realizing that mental health is a factor in their overall health. I don’t think we can put that back in the box,” she said. People are using routine language to talk about self-care, dealing with anxiety and depression, and processing trauma.
While a pandemic is something people will hopefully not experience again, Waghray agreed that as a society, it normalized help-seeking behavior. Having gone through the pandemic as a community, people learned to show up for one another, turn to each other, and practice more gratitude and mindfulness overall.
To learn more about how Providence addresses and prioritizes the mental health of its patients, visit providence.org.
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Studies reveal that for over 30 years, more women have been successfully completing graduate programs as compared to men. In the last decade, they are staying in the workforce at the same rate as men. In India, girls constitute 47.6% of total enrolment in higher education across the country and the gross female enrolment ratio has increased in the last five years - from 23% in 2013 to 25.8% in 2017-18.
However, progress in education notwithstanding, India continues to have one of the lowest female labor workforce participation (FLFP) rates in the world, at just 33%. The statistics only worsen as we go up the corporate ladder. 50% of all working women in the country leave the workforce between junior and middle management levels. In a recent survey by gender consulting firm ProEves studying Indian and multinational companies, the share of women in senior positions is a mere 12%.
Many factors contribute to this glaring inequality. Women continue to play the primary “nurturing role” at home, caring for children and elders and often torn between work and family commitments. For women to grow at work and take on challenging assignments, family consent and support remains a key factor across different strata of the society. As a result, educated and capable women often quit their jobs when faced with demanding challenges at the workplace. Women who stay employed and seek career advancement continue to face discrimination at the workplace as a result of the subconscious bias, leaving them with little incentive to push forward in their careers. Even the most capable and efficient working mothers continue to be passed up on for promotions or roles with greater responsibilities as they are perceived to be incapable of doing justice to the task at hand while balancing the demands of motherhood.
What can corporate India do to change this statistic and encourage more women in senior and top management positions?
bring down barriers and break the glass-ceiling:
In our article on designing gender sensitization training for employees, we talk about how Indra Nooyi, ex-CEO of Pepsico, has acknowledged that her toughest challenge at work was to overcome not being treated equally by her male colleagues and having to “claw her way up” in the organization. The barriers, some conscious and others unintended, to women progressing at work are many. Even the most promising of women professionals are often viewed as emotional, less strong and “more complicated” than men.
Companies need to address this sub-conscious bias by ensuring transparent and clear gender-based hiring mandates across all levels of the organizations. Creating a diverse pipeline and inclusive hiring team that seeks out strong women leaders and encourages their growth in the system will add to the effort.
Skills, achievements and commitment to the task must be the hiring criteria as against charisma, popularity, or networking abilities which sometimes tend to tip the weighing scale more in favor of men. They must also find subtle ways to tackle the proverbial “boys clubs” which is a reality across the middle and senior layers of most organizations. Women are often left out of these, feeling excluded and less valued in middle management - despite their achievements at the workplace. One way to counter this is to set up female mentoring or executive network groups for women aiming for more challenging opportunities and senior positions.
make inclusivity and work life balance the norm:
Encouraging women in senior roles needs to go beyond just setting a diversity target. The focus must be not on providing incentives to “women”, rather, to incentivize promising professionals to work better and lead a better, more balanced life. To this end, companies must make their workplaces truly inclusive. Whether it is ensuring gender neutral breakout areas, workplace design, policies that enable quality family or personal time, creating a safe, harassment free work environment; they must all be designed keeping the greater health of the organization in mind.
For instance, companies need to rework their employee policies to make them more gender neutral, thereby giving everyone equal visibility in the organization and equal opportunity to honor personal commitments away from it. Novartis has taken the lead in rolling out a global initiative of 14 weeks of parental leave policy (at a minimum), regardless of gender - effective from the first day of employment. Companies must also make flexi-working and return to work practices the norm, not just an “allowance” for promising female professionals. They need to also do away with encouraging “presenteeism”, thereby taking the focus away from the means and measures of delivering on work and concentrating instead on the performance and results delivered.
create opportunities and role models:
There just aren’t enough women at the top and this lack of senior female representation leaves working women with fewer role models to emulate. The latest Women in the Workplace report states that women also have limited access to senior leadership either formally or via informal meetings. This puts them at a disadvantage as such meetings help increase visibility and opens doors to relevant opportunities. Women also lack access to experienced mentors who can guide and help them navigate the dynamics within the organization to progress in their careers.
According to the McKinsey/LeanIn report, partial career mapping might also prevent women from getting into managerial or senior level roles. To address this, companies are matching senior male leaders (mostly male) to rising female talent to discuss development plans, stretch assignments, promotions, and networking opportunities. Firms are also considering implementing quotas for equal representation of women in senior roles and on the corporate board to this effect.
Encouraging women in senior roles and embracing diversity must be on the corporate agenda for every Indian organization. It not only drives efficiencies and effectiveness within the organization but also contributes positively to the emotional and financial growth of the organization, families and the country as a whole.
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What Is Personal Air Sampling?
Personal air sampling is a critical aspect of occupational health and safety, ensuring that workers are not exposed to harmful levels of airborne contaminants. This process involves collecting air samples from the breathing zone of a worker to assess exposure to dust, gases, vapours, and other airborne substances.
Key Points in Personal Air Sampling:
Objective of Sampling: The primary goal is to extract a representative bioaerosol sample from the air environment being investigated, which can then be analyzed for various contaminants.
Sampling Methods: There are various methods and devices for air sampling, each suited to different types of contaminants and concentrations. The choice of sampler is crucial and should be based on the specific requirements of the environment and the substances being monitored.
Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS): NGS offers a comprehensive analysis of microbial content in air samples, generating millions of sequences that provide detailed insights into the air quality and potential health risks.
Health and Safety Implications: Regular monitoring and testing air quality in the workplace is essential for maintaining a safe environment. It helps in identifying hazardous conditions and implementing control measures to protect workers’ health.
Compliance with Regulations: Personal air sampling is often mandated by occupational health and safety regulations, requiring employers to ensure that exposure levels are within permissible limits.
Data Analysis and Reporting: After collection, the samples are analyzed, and the data obtained is used to evaluate the exposure levels and the effectiveness of existing control measures. This information is crucial for making informed decisions about workplace safety.
Continuous Improvement: The field of bioaerosol sampling is continually evolving with advancements in technology and methodology. Staying updated with these developments is essential for effective air quality monitoring.
Personal air sampling plays a pivotal role in occupational health, providing valuable data that helps in the identification and control of potential air quality issues in the workplace.
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Fabricio Pamplona explores the advantages of publishing visual abstracts alongside research papers
It’s estimated that each year, between two to three million scientific papers are published. While social media can lend a hand in communicating the results from the latest research studies, it’s impossible to keep up with the full body of academic literature. In practice, only a small number of published papers are read, cited and acted upon.
According to the 2018 STM Report, there are around 33,100 active scholarly peer reviewed English language journals. Both the number of journals, and the number of articles published, has risen slowly over the last two centuries to around three million articles per year.
Research published in The Economist found that the average paper receives just 1.64 citations. When you consider that research can cost tens or even hundreds of thousands of Euros and take a team of people many months or years to complete, receiving less than two citations once the research is published seems a miniscule figure.
Inspiring with visual abstracts
So, what can researchers do to improve the dissemination of their research? One approach is including graphs, figures and images. According to a famous study in The Economist, having a visual element in a paper impacts the number of citations received. The study found that the inclusion of a graph increased citations by 60%, and the inclusion of an infographic increased citations by 120%.
Building on this, many journals now offer the option to include a visual abstract alongside a written paper. Often a single image, these help readers gain an overview of a research article in just a few minutes and usually contain the overall idea of experimental design, hypothesis and an indication of results.
According to Elsevier: “A graphical abstract should allow readers to quickly gain an understanding of the take-home message of the paper and is intended to encourage browsing, promote interdisciplinary scholarship, and help readers identify more quickly which papers are most relevant to their research interests.” Journals that include this alongside a paper often find the average annual use of the article double compared with papers without a visual abstract.
Some journals that use visual abstracts share them in the Table of Contents to allow the user to screen through the information visually, even before opening the actual paper. For example, JMIR publications add the visual abstract to the Table of Contents as well as embed it into the paper. The visual abstract can be also used as a support element for the abstract to foster interest in the deep learning of the whole article.
Visual abstracts on social media
All major journals have an online presence to some extent, with many using social media to actively promote new research. Social media is a great way to draw attention to the latest studies, by pulling out some of the key findings to attract viewers to read the full text.
In fact, research has shown a positive correlation between exposure to social media and article citations. For example, a recent study by The Transplantation Journal, demonstrated that a paper shared on Twitter may have up to three times as many views as one that is not.
Journals who publish visual abstracts alongside manuscripts, can share these graphics on social media to gain direct traffic back to the full report. A 2017 study published in the Annals of Surgery found that tweets about the same papers received a 7.7-fold increase in average impressions, and an 8.4-fold increase in retweets when they contained a visual abstract.
Visual abstracts can also be found by academics looking for research via Google images. For example, a 2016 paper published in Science, titled “Zika virus impairs growth in human neurospheres and brain organoids”, which includes a graphical abstract, appears on page one of a Google Images search for “Zika virus brain organoids”, increasing the chance that the paper will be found.
Creating visual abstracts
There are three main styles of visual abstract: diagram style (often used when molecular structures are involved), infographic style (preferred when you have images with high visual impact that need to be incorporated with text), and comic type (useful for communicating in magazines). The Cell Press Graphical Abstract Guidelines include examples of different styles of visual abstracts and gives insight into how to improve them.
When offering the opportunity to submit a visual abstract alongside a paper, most journals will have specific guidelines on how the visual should look. This could include which font, colours and styles are appropriate for the publication. Researchers should follow individual guidelines for the best chances off publication success.
However, it can be a challenge to create an accurate, visually appealing graphic, especially when the subject matter is highly complex. Using a tool that offers online visual abstract templates can make the process much more straightforward.
As the body of published science grows ever larger, visual abstracts are one way to make research stand out from the crowd. With graphical abstracts, researchers can better illustrate their points, and make a lasting impact on their readers.
Fabricio Pamplona is founder of online infographic maker Mind The Graph
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In rugby, victory or defeat boils down to how well a team can execute its own master plan and stifle that of its opponents. To do this, the sport has afforded them a number of tools to ensure the continuous flow of play and ample opportunities and provisions within its rules to guarantee the safety of either team taking part in a fixture. Among these tools are a number of kicks that can be deployed with great success on both offense and defense, especially in instances handling the ball may be ill-advised or unsafe.
What are the three types of kicks in rugby? The three types of kicks in rugby are the drop kick, the place kick, and the punt. A drop kick refers to where the ball first touches the ground before being kicked, a place kick requires one to first place the ball on the ground whereas a punt refers to an instance where a player kicks the ball before it touches the ground.
A Brief History of Kicking in Rugby
One may argue that kicking is a part of rugby’s identity as much as handling the ball is. The two elements are what distinguish rugby from other sports in the world including its first cousin, soccer, with whom rugby shares a considerable part of its past.
The sport that is known and loved today is believed to have existed in one variation or another as far back as medieval times. The modern iteration is however believed to have been conceptualized around 1845 when one William Webb Ellis, a student of Rugby School (located in Rugby, Warwickshire), picked up a ball and began running with it.
Though this historical account is disputed, no other alternatives have been offered and it thus remains the sport’s unofficial origin story. The sport grew in popularity in English public schools and became their go-to pastime. Those that graduated from such schools carried on the tradition into universities and tertiary institutions of education, further contributing to its increasing popularity.
Rugby ultimately got its “independence” from Association Football after the Football Association was formed and its first set of laws was drafted in 1863. Subsequent amendments to the FA’s rules forbade elements like handling of the ball, blocking, and tackling prompting a number of clubs to secede from the FA. These clubs formed the first rugby clubs in 1864 and sparked the founding of others across England, which ultimately led to the formation of the Rugby Football Union in1871.
The purpose of sharing this brief history, in this case, is to highlight the fact that handling and kicking are the two “pillars” of the sport. This can be seen in other elements of the sport like scrums where players are required to control the ball first using their feet before picking it up with their hands and proceeding with play.
Why Three Types of Kicks?
Kicks serve specific purposes in rugby. Put differently, there are mainly three types of kicks since they are the required number needed to serve a purpose within the game. Allowing kicking at will would have served the sport negatively and robbed it of its meaning and purpose.
For context, let’s examine the three types of kicks at length. As previously mentioned, they are the drop kick, the place kick, and the punt. Drop kicks are largely used to gain points. A successful kick through the goal is usually awarded three points. These add on to a team’s total tally alongside tries and conversion, which are awarded five and two points respectively.
Drop kicks offer a good alternative in instances where attempting to advance may result in loss of possession and also instances where a team may not have ample time to do so. A drop kick is also a good counter to a punt from the other team if intercepted and converted before the opposing team closes the distance to the ball.
Drop kicks are also used to start play at the beginning of each half. They are also used to restart play after either team scores points or after a defending team grounds the ball in their own in-goal to thwart a try attempt by their opponents.
A punt is often used to clear the ball as a last-resort defensive measure or as a gutsy attempt to gain territory. Punts are often high-risk maneuvers as they almost always result in the loss of possession. A team would have to punt the ball just right to chip it over their opposition and have players who possess the necessary speed to regain possession and perhaps make a try before it crosses their opponent’s touchline.
A punt has to be done just right since kicking the ball through an opponent’s in-goal results in winning a scrum from the position the kick was attempted. All in all, there’s very little, if any, room for error and the risk often outweighs the reward.
Place kicks are arguably the most technical of the three. They are used to convert a try (which earns a team two extra points aside from the five they earn from making a try) and to convert penalties awarded for infractions made by an opposing team.
They are called place kicks since the ball first needs to be placed on a kicking tee on the ground before an attempt is made. Most teams often have a designated player who attempts such kicks as they may need to cover great distances.
A number of notable rugby players have made their careers out of taking and converting such kicks. A few household names in this regard include former All Blacks ace Dan Carter and ex-England fly-half Jonny Wilkinson, who scored a large portion of his career points from kicks.
Other Kick Variations Used in Rugby
There are a number of variations of the three traditional kicks which players often utilize in matches. Good examples are the fly-hack, which provides attacking players with the option of kicking the ball in their opponent’s direction instead of dropping on it or attempting to pick it up to gain possession.
Another two popular variations are the grubber and the “Gary Owen” (up and under) which are utilized to achieve the same objective (gaining territory) but in different ways. To execute grubber kicks, a player purposefully kicks the ball along the floor. The ball’s shape and pitch’s terrain conspire to distort the ball’s trajectory making it much more difficult for opposing players to pick it up or intercept it.
Gary Owen uses an equal and opposite strategy of kicking the ball over as high as possible to get it further down the pitch and then rushing underneath it to catch it when it lands. The moniker Garry Owen is a nod to a club by the same name that routinely used the move in the early 1900s to devastating effect.
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Women with particularly aggressive forms of breast cancer could be identified by a test that predicts whether the disease is likely to spread to the brain.
An analysis of almost 4,000 patients with breast cancer found that testing for high activity in a particular gene called alpha beta (αB)-crystallin could pick out women who were at greater risk of developing secondary brain tumors compared to women who tested negative.
A team including scientists at The Institute of Cancer Research, London, found that women whose breast cancer had begun to spread and who tested positive in the αB-crystallin test were three times more likely to have disease that spread to the brain than those who tested negative.
The international research effort also included researchers at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the University of Wisconsin-Madison and the British Columbia Cancer Agency, Canada.
The study was published today in the journal npj Breast Cancer and funded by the Breast Cancer Research Foundation, the US National Cancer Institute, Cancer Research UK and the Canadian Breast Cancer Foundation.
Women can live for years with breast cancer that has begun to spread around the body -- but the exception is spread to the brain, which usually indicates a woman is in her last few months of life.
In the study, the researchers analysed 969 breast cancer tumors which ultimately spread, or metastasised, to new sites in the body, from a database of almost 4,000 breast cancers from the British Columbia Cancer Agency. 141 had spread first to the brain.
Some 127 scored positive for αB-crystallin, and 842 negative -- with those testing positive three times more likely to have spread first to the brain.
In a further analysis of all 4,000 cases, αB-crystallin was also linked with a significantly higher risk of death -- with 36 per cent of women with αB-crystallin positive cancer, compared to 25 per cent with αB-crystallin negative, dying within ten years of diagnosis.
Study co-leader Dr Maggie Cheang, Senior Staff Scientist at The Institute of Cancer Research, London, said:
"Spread of breast cancer to the brain is unfortunately very dangerous, and usually leads to death within months. It's important to find new ways to identify women who are most at risk of their cancer spreading to the brain, so that doctors can work out which women might need more intensive or new treatments to try to keep their cancer at bay for longer.
"Our study linked a positive score in this test with quicker spread to the brain, and importantly showed the factor we were measuring is providing information on patient outcome independently of other biomarkers already measured in the clinic.
"The test needs further development before it will be ready for routine clinical use, but ultimately the first use of this type of test could be to identify opportunities for women with advanced specific types of breast cancer -- such as triple negative -- to enter clinical trials of new treatments."
Canada study leader Professor Torsten Nielsen, Pathologist at the British Columbia Cancer Agency, said:
"It has taken us years to assemble the clinical outcome database and tissue samples, generate the immunohistochemical biomarkers, gene expression profiles and analyse the data for this study -- and we were delighted to find a definite link between alpha beta crystallin and breast cancer progression, which we hope will ultimately improve clinical outcomes.
"Our study also definitely demonstrates the importance of team science to deliver a study involving international collaborations".
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At Scitech, we want to ensure all our experiences are engaging and informative for visitors of all ages. A key way we do this is by testing them with children through the Scitech Test Pilots, a unique and innovative way for Scitech to gain insights into what children think about our experiences.
Previously the only consistent way for Scitech to gain feedback from children was to ask their parents, guardians and teachers on their behalf. While this kind of feedback received through surveys both in the Scitech Discovery Centre and student and teacher programs offers important insights, a more structured approach was needed to gain meaningful insights from children.
This led to the creation of the Scitech Test Pilots in 2023, a children’s reference group between ages 7 – 17. Participants are recruited every six months, and each month meet up for sessions that alternate between online and in-person. They test a variety of Scitech’s experiences and provide feedback and ideas, including exhibit prototypes, concepts for science shows, and podcast and video content.
“The feedback we have received so far from participants has been incredibly useful, as while we were always able to predict how children engage with Scitech experiences, it’s great to have these assumptions confirmed through our Test Pilot sessions,” Senior Customer Insights Analyst
Shanii Phillips said.
In May, a feedback session at the Scitech Discovery Centre saw participants testing BenMaker woodworking tools, which not only looked at their interest and enjoyment and asked for suggestions of how the tools could be incorporated into the Discovery Centre experiences, but also how their parents and guardians engaged with them in the activity. Results from the session showed the tools would be an engaging and popular addition to Scitech’s experiences.
Another session got the Scitech Test Pilots listen to our Wonderkids podcast, a science podcast aimed specifically at primary school aged children. From the feedback we were able to determine that children are more interested in video content compared to an audio-only medium.
“For our Test Pilots, the program offers them a great leadership opportunity, with their feedback and ideas helping to improve Scitech for other kids now and into the future,” Shanii said. “At Scitech we are always focused on adjusting and improving our visitors’ experience, and we know that to help us do this children’s opinions are just as important and valuable as adults’.”
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China seems to be taking the nuclear arms race in a higher trajectory as numerous reports indicate that in July/August China carried out what is known as “fractional orbital bombardment system” [FOBS] to propel a nuclear-capable “hypersonic glide vehicle”
China seems to have revived the FOBS which is a nuclear-weapons delivery system developed in the 1960s by the Soviet Union. As per the Wikipedia, the FOBS was envisaged by the Soviet Union as launching “nuclear warheads into low Earth orbit before bringing them down on their targets”.
The Soviets gave up pursuing this option as the load deliverable was limited due to high fuel requirements of the rocket and inaccuracy.
China indeed if pursuing the FOBS path has overcome the accuracy challenge by using a hypersonic glide vehicle in tandem.
The Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs when questioned by the Bloomberg in a routine media interaction has denied development of FOBS but instead has indicated that this was a test of a reusable space vehicle.
Zhao Lijian Spokesperson of the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs in response to a question by Bloomberg that Financial Times has reported that China tested a nuclear-capable hypersonic missile. Could the foreign ministry confirm if China has such a missile said, “ As we understand, this was a routine test of spacecraft to verify technology of spacecraft's reusability. It is of great significance to reducing the cost of using spacecraft and providing a convenient and cheap way for mankind's two-way transportation in the peaceful use of space. Several companies around the world have conducted similar tests”.
Zhao added, “After separating from the spacecraft before its return, the supporting devices will burn up when it's falling in the atmosphere and the debris will fall into the high seas. China will work with other countries in the world for the peaceful use of space for the benefit of mankind”.
Indeed there continues to be a divided opinion on whether the tests in August were that of an FOBS or a reusable space vehicle, however opinion in the United States nuclear strategic community is united in looking at this capability as a strategic deterrent thereby creating a new equation conventional and nuclear between the two competing powers.
Analysts with the Carnegie as James M Acton argue in the essay, “China’s Tests Are No Sputnik Moment,” that deterrence may not be the whole objective as China already has such a capability. Acton states, “China has had the ability to attack the United States with nuclear warheads since the 1980s (and the U.S. territory of Guam was likely vulnerable even earlier)”.
Another analyst in Carnegie Tong Zhao tweeted that the FOBS option will provide China a higher degree of assurance in terms of retaliation and thus enhance deterrence both at the nuclear and the conventional level.
A highly assured Chinese nuclear retaliation capability eliminates the US capability to escalate a conventional conflict to the nuclear level. At the conventional level, China's growing conventional military superiority in the region further minimizes the risk of US intervention.
The revelation comes even as India is planning the test of a near ICBM missile the Agni V in October that is expected to provide a strategic deterrence vis a vis China. The FOBS however is mainly directed to achieve deterrence by China vis a vis the United States as the Chinese layers of missiles are adequate to do so vis a vis India.
More over India and China both have a No First Use nuclear doctrine and while there is a debate on New Delhi forsaking the same, sustained commitment has been expressed to NFU at various times. So is the approach by China.
The FOBS capability if developed by China on the other hand will create higher level of deterrence – nuclear and conventional vis a vis the United States. This is likely to bolster China’s potential for aggression against regional adversaries as India with which it has disputes impacting national sovereignty a core theme of President Xi Jinping
Thus with higher level of deterrence – nuclear and conventional vis a vis the United States, China can be expected to adopt a more aggressive posture against regional adversaries as India with which it has disputes impacting national sovereignty a core theme of President Xi Jinping as this will also increase the threshold for the United States actions if at all to support New Delhi.
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White-tailed deer Photo Credit: Heidi-Ann Fourkiller | SFLORG |
White-tailed deer – the most abundant large mammal in North America – are harboring SARS-CoV-2 variants that once widely circulated but are no longer found in humans.
Whether or not deer could act as long-term reservoirs for these variants that have become obsolete in people is unknown, as scientists need more time and study to verify if it’s true.
The study, “White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) May Serve as a Wildlife Reservoir for Nearly Extinct SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern,” which published Jan. 31 in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, represents one of the most comprehensive studies to date to assess the prevalence, genetic diversity and evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in white-tailed deer. The study focused on the white-tailed deer population in New York.
“One of the most striking findings of this study was the detection of co-circulation of three variants of concern – alpha, gamma and delta – in this wild animal population,” said Dr. Diego Diel, associate professor in the Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences and director of the Virology Laboratory at the College of Veterinary Medicine’s (CVM) Animal Health Diagnostic Center.
Over the course of the pandemic, deer have become infected with SARS-CoV-2 through ongoing contact with humans, possibly from hunting, wildlife rehabilitations, feeding of wild animals or through wastewater or water sources, though no one knows for sure.
“A virus that emerged in humans in Asia, most likely after a spillover event from an animal reservoir into humans, apparently, or potentially, has now found a new wildlife reservoir in North America,” Diel said.
This current study was made possible thanks to a program co-designed by Krysten Schuler, assistant research professor in the Department of Public and Ecosystem Health (CVM) and a senior author on the study.
In her role as director of the Cornell Wildlife Health Lab, Schuler has worked with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation to design a statewide surveillance program for chronic wasting disease in white-tailed deer. The program collected thousands of samples of deer lymph tissues taken from deer killed by participating hunters.
“We were able to leverage those samples that had already been collected and then test them for SARS-CoV-2, so we had a good statewide representation,” Schuler said.
The 5,700 samples used in the study were collected over two years from 2020-22, and included important information about when and where the samples were collected and each animal’s sex and age.
The testing revealed potential hotspots of infection across the state, including seven clusters where samples from a defined geographic area all contained the same variant. Samples from one cluster, for example, confined to one county, were all positive for the gamma variant. Similar clusters were also found for alpha and delta variants in different locations in the state.
When the researchers compared the genomic sequences of the variants found in deer with sequences of the same variants taken from humans across New York, they found the viruses had mutated in the deer, suggesting the variants had likely been circulating in deer for many months. By the time alpha and gamma variants were detected in deer, for example, there was no evidence of these viral strains still circulating in humans. In fact, when they were found in deer, neither variant had been detected in humans in New York for four to six months.
“When we did sequence comparisons between those viruses recovered from white-tailed deer with the human sequences, we observed a significant number of mutations across the virus genome,” Diel said, adding that some of the viruses had up to 80 mutations compared with the human sequences, providing further evidence that the viruses had likely been circulating in the deer for some time. The mutations suggest the virus has adapted to deer, possibly making it more transmissible between them.
In future work, Diel and colleagues hope to assess the effect of those mutations, including whether these changes make the virus more or less capable of binding to human receptors, information that could predict the possibility of spill back to humans from mutant variants. Currently, only one study published in Canada has documented a case of a human being infected by SARS-CoV-2 that originated in deer.
“Obviously, humans are still the primary reservoir and the likelihood of anybody getting SARS-CoV-2 is from another human rather than a deer,” Schuler said.
More study is needed to confirm whether white-tailed deer have truly become a reservoir for these variants extinct now in humans or whether they will disappear over time in the wild. Other questions include whether the deer might spread SARS-CoV-2 to other wildlife, including predators.
“Because of the evidence obtained in our study, it is very important to continue to monitor the virus in these animal populations to really understand and track changes that could lead or favor spill back into humans and other wildlife,” Diel said.
There are an estimated 30 million white-tailed deer in the United States. A 2022 study by Diel and others found that across five states surveyed in 2021, SARS-CoV-2 was found in up to 40% of white-tailed deer.
Published in journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Research Material: New study defines spread of SARS-CoV-2 in white-tailed deer
Source/Credit: Cornell University | Krishna Ramanujan
Reference Number: vi013123_01
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Spherex will provide unprecedented views of the earliest stages of cosmic history. Known as the Spectro-Photometer, which will study the Epoch of Reionization.
During its scheduled two-year mission, the SPHEREx Observatory aims to gather information on over 450 million galaxies and over 100 million stars within the Milky Way to investigate the beginnings of the universe.
Probing the reionization epoch in great detail
Using advanced tech, it will be able to detect faint microwaves from the early universe, which means Spherex can go back further than any other instrument before it, even further than JWST, revealing what the cosmos looked like just after the Big Bang, when stars and galaxies formed for the first time.
The study will also examine the era of reionization, when cosmic radiation transformed hydrogen gas from its neutral state into the ionized plasma we see today in intergalactic space..
Its state-of-the-art detectors will also uncover hidden facets of the universe by capturing infrared light from distant, early galaxies, as well as the infrared glow from newly forming stars obscured by dust. It will analyze interstellar ice and molecules, providing clues to the raw materials from which planetary systems coalesced.
As our guide to the invisible universe, Spherex will illuminate mysteries about the origins of cosmic structure, star birth, and chemical enrichment over cosmic time.
The amount of space science this observatory will bring is outstanding.
First Near-Infrared All-Sky Spectral Data for Astronomy Community
Exoplanet target stars
Stars with hot dust
Ateroids and comets
Emerged from the Cooling of the Universe.
Prior to reionization, the universe was filled with neutral hydrogen gas. But as the first celestial bodies ignited, their energetic radiation re-ionized this hydrogen by stripping electrons off the atoms. Spherex will map out this monumental transition in the state of matter throughout cosmic history. By seeing when and where reionization occurred, we will better understand how cosmic structure emerged from the cooling of the early universe to make this crucial transformation possible.
Following the formation of the initial stars, the universe remained enveloped in a gaseous haze. However, as stars and fledgling galaxies progressed and emitted increasingly powerful light, they started altering the surrounding gas, shifting it from neutral to ionized. Ultimately, they reshaped the cosmos, enabling the observation of these early galaxies.
The reionization of hydrogen was only possible because of the rapid cooling of the universe after the Big Bang. As temperatures dropped, electrons and protons were able to combine into neutral hydrogen atoms. This allowed matter to begin clumping under gravity, leading to the formation of the first stars and galaxies.
Governed by the laws of thermodynamics, as universe expanded and cooled after the Big Bang, the second law of thermodynamics drove it toward higher entropy and disorder on the largest scales. Clumps of matter were able to form and eventually light up as the first stars and galaxies because of small regions of reduced local entropy.
This simulation shows how the universe changed over time as it cooled.
The overall increase in entropy allowed the universe to cool from an extremely hot initial state down to temperatures where matter could coalesce. Thermodynamic principles guided the emergence of complexity from simplicity in the early universe.
As other telescopes like Hubble and Webb can peer back in time, Spherex will be capable of observing the reionization era in greater detail, just beyond the reach of even the powerful Webb telescope. We can't wait for it to be launched.
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By Andrew Irumba
Natural resources form a core pillar of Tanzania’s economy and play a pivotal role in sustaining the livelihoods of its citizens, however a new World Bank report warns that the country has only a rapidly shrinking opportunity to harness these endowments against serious risks posed by rapid population growth, economic growth, increasing urbanization, and climate variability and change.
“The impacts of these factors are intensifying and have resulted in significant loss of ecosystems, competing demands for land and water, and environmental pollution,” says Daniel Mira-Salama, World Bank Senior Environmental Specialist and co-author of the Country Environmental Assessment published today.
Despite robust economic growth which the country has enjoyed, Tanzania’s total wealth per capita – the sum of all physical, human, and natural capital – declined between 1995 and 2014. This decline is attributed to rapid population growth which has outpaced investment and occasioned the loss of total renewable natural capital per capita by 35 percent over the past 20 years, and of non-land renewable natural capital per capita by 47 percent. Warn the report authors.
Tanzania hosts one of the largest poor populations in Africa, with approximately 21.3 million citizens living below the poverty line, many of them depending on natural resources for their livelihoods. Competing demands for and open access to many of Tanzania’s natural resources are causing the resources’ degradation and are limiting their ability to continue to provide goods and services.
“The challenges are surmountable if tackled effectively and the underlying causes and drivers of environmental degradation are addressed strategically. Connecting the dots between deforestation in upper catchments and a higher flood risk in a coastal city, or between illegal ivory trafficking and a lower number of international tourists visiting the country requires multi spectral coordination and a common, integrated approach to development,” says Bella Bird, World Bank Country Director for Tanzania, Malawi, Somalia and Burundi.
“As a people, we are growing more alert to the challenges and opportunities that we have as a country, and conserving our natural resources and environment has gradually scaled up the priority list,” says Hon. January Makamba, Minister of State for the Environment and Union Affairs. “We are building commitment and we are appreciative of the support from development partners, including analytical work in this kind of report.”
More “traditional” environmental and natural resources challenges include degradation of land and water resources, deforestation, and biodiversity loss. They are most relevant for rural areas, where natural resources are subject to competing demands. Other challenges are pollution-related, more frequently associated with urban settlements, industrialization, and agglomeration, some of which have only recently emerged. Continued population growth, economic growth, an increasing urbanization rate, and climate variability and change will further compound these challenges. (Modafinil)
“Preventing pollution today avoids tomorrow’s costly clean up actions and offers opportunities for better quality of public goods such as air, water, and soil” says Veruschka Schmidt, World Bank Environmental Specialist and co-author of the report.
The Country Environmental Analysis was prepared in close coordination with the Government of Tanzania and with support from the Swedish Embassy and SIDA. It analyses critical environmental and natural resources management challenges, and provides policy recommendations on how to address them.
The report suggests different development paths for Tanzania. The country’s ‘wildlife economy’ and the ‘blue economy’ are highlighted as being key for conserving the country’s biodiversity and marine and freshwater resources, as are resilient landscapes. Rural areas that successfully balance ecosystems, economic, and social functions are more resilient to shocks and uncertainties. Access to modern fuels and low impact urbanization can have immediate positive impact on ecosystems and human health.
At the same time, Tanzania’s urbanization needs to be compatible with environmental targets to limit pollution, promote sustainable living conditions, and create infrastructure and transport systems that are resilient to climate change. The benefits of a non-polluted environment are many, and become essential if the country is to further develop in a sustainable way. Tanzania’s institutions therefore need to be strengthened for improved environmental management.
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When Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet died in 1851, his youngest son Edward Miner Gallaudet continued his legacy in deaf education, played a big part in the history of American Sign Language, and founded the first college for the deaf.
Edward Miner Gallaudet Articles by Students
Who is your favorite person from deaf history?
Edward Miner Gallaudet
by Shelley Udzinski | April 4, 2016
While Thomas Gallaudet is perhaps the most prominent name in US deaf history, equally as impressive are the accomplishments of his son, Edward Miner Gallaudet. What is perhaps the most intriguing fact is that he began his journey in deaf history at the young age of 16, two years after the passing of his father.
In 1855, he began his career as a teacher at the American School of the Deaf, founded by his father, while pursuing a bachelor of science degree at Trinity College. In 1857, he became the first principle of the Columbia Institution for the Deaf and the Blind in Washington, D.C. During that time, Gallaudet desired to further recognition of the Institution by obtaining official college status, and was successful in this venture in 1864 when President Abraham Lincoln signed a bill permitting the Columbia Institution to award college degrees to its attendees.
Edward Gallaudet remained employed in several roles at the College for 53 years, advocating the use of sign language throughout his career. He dedicated his life to advance deaf education, beginning at a very young age, and that is why I believe him to be one of the most impressive figures in deaf history.
Edward Miner Gallaudet: My Favorite Person from Deaf History
by Mary Lovik (Lansing, MI) | March 3, 2013
I’ve chosen Edward Miner Gallaudet as my favorite person from Deaf History because he founded Gallaudet University. I have had the pleasure of visiting Gallaudet several times over the past few years because my daughter got her Master’s Degree in ASL interpreting there, and worked there for a year before going out on her own as an ASL interpreter.
Edward Miner Gallaudet founded a unique, wonderful place where students learn in their own language, in an environment that embraces and nurtures Deaf culture. Education is critical to the advancement of deaf people and Deaf culture, and Gallaudet University offers students unique opportunities to gain undergraduate and graduate degrees. There is no place in the world like Gallaudet. Students can get degrees in the same subjects offered at institutions for hearing students, as well in subjects like Deaf culture and education. The university has great sports teams who are fun to watch, and lots of interesting cultural offerings. The campus is green and beautiful, with both lovely old buildings and modern ones.
In addition to carrying the banner for Deaf education in the U.S., Gallaudet works to promotes education for the deaf around the world. At Gallaudet, deaf students in the US can connect with their counterparts in far away places. Deaf students from Asia, Europe, Latin America, Africa, and the Middle East attend Gallaudet, and students from the US have the chance to travel abroad themselves to meet deaf students from other countries. My daughter accompanied student groups who went to India and South Africa; these are just two of the places where Gallaudet students can travel.
Edward Miner Gallaudet’s vision created a place where deaf students could get a higher education on their own terms, without having to accommodate themselves to the hearing world. For this contribution, I’ve chosen him as my favorite person from Deaf History.
The Inspirational Edward Gallaudet
by Anonymous | September 6, 2018
Clearly, I can’t choose a favorite, because every one of them are breath-taking! But the person I admire the most is Edward Miner Gallaudet. He continued his father’s legacy, Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet.
In 1857, Amos Kendall established a deaf and blind school. When Edward was offered an opportunity to lead the school, he gladly accepted the invitation. With that, he became the first president of the Columbia Institution for the Deaf. Because of Abraham Lincoln’s governance, the first deaf college, Gallaudet College, was founded in 1864, April 8. Soon, Edward was a fighter for the importance of sign language. Speechreading holds appreciation, but he knew speech training is not perfect for everyone. Unfortunately, his life came into an end; his body is buried in Cedar Hill Cemetery.
For my opinion, I think education is the strongest force to change something. So, when I discovered a deaf college was created, I believe that was the biggest forward step in education. No one should feel limited because their senses are not there with them.
As a violinist, I can’t imagine myself how I will play if I’m deaf! Practicing music takes immense concentration and not able to hear can be strenuous. I deeply respect deaf musicians, composers, and singers. Another favorite, Ludwig van Beethoven, he was a deaf composer. Despite his loss of hearing, Ludwig pursued on creating music and became the greatest influences today.
I’m assuming Michelle Jay is reading this, but you’re changing the world to learn how to sign! Eventually, your name will be engraved – wrote in history forever. You’re a remarkable author, writer, and teacher. (Also your whole entire team too!)
Now, I’ll leave a quote:
“Deafness, though it be total and congenital, imposes no limits on the intellectual development of its subjects, save in the single direction of the appreciation of acoustic phenomena.”—Edward Miner Gallaudet, 1869
Edward Miner Gallaudet
by Kanesha Gittens | August 27, 2016
I chose to do my paper on Edward Miner Gallaudet. The reason I chose Gallaudet was because we have the same birthday. That had me interested and finding out more about him. He was an extraordinary man who had a dream of doing more in life. Which for some years he figured out had happened to follow in his father shoes. In 1855 he had worked at his father’s school. A few years later a man by the name of Amos Kendall asked Gallaudet to lead a school with him. Kendall had donated 2 acres of his land to form a school. The Columbia Institution of the Deaf and Dumb and the Blind. In 1864 Gallaudet had wanted the school to be an institute where they could give diplomas. Gallaudet was so passionate about it that he went to President Lincoln to have him pass a bill where they could do so. Almost 100 years later they changed the name to Gallaudet College named after Edwards’s father. Then some years later they changed the name again, it changed to the Gallaudet University. It’s amazing how these two men had come together not only to make a useful school where students could learn but to have it now be the only University in the world to be for the deaf and blind.
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JUMP TO TOPIC
Addition|Definition & Meaning
The act of adding two or more numbers together is defined as addition or an arithmetic operation that is applied to acquire the total or sum of desired numbers/items. When the addition operation is applied to two whole numbers, their combined value is the total amount or sum.
In simple words, addition is the process of adding something to get the total sum. Out of four fundamental arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) in mathematics, the addition operator is the most basic one.
Figure 1 – Adding Sector of a Circle
Consider the above figure which represents the addition of sectors the pie is divided into two portions, the first portion represents 50% and the second portion represents 50% as well. Upon adding both we get a total of 100%.
Figure 2 – Addition of Circles
Consider the above figure the first addend is 3 circles, and the second addend is 2 circles when the addition operation is applied, it results in 5 circles as shown
Figure 3 – Summing Triangles
Consider the above figure. The first addend is 3 triangles, and the second addend is 3 triangles, when the addition operation is applied it results in a sum of 6 triangles.
Structure of Addition
The addition structure can be broken down as follows
The desired terms or numbers that are required to be added are known as an addend.
The result of addition or the result after applying the addition operator between the addend is known as the sum.
Two lines are drawn horizontally and vertically to represent the addition symbol. Additionally, it has been referred to as the plus sign (+).
Addend + Addend = Sum
An Additional symbol (+) is placed between the addend and equal to symbol (=) is placed before the sum.
Properties of Addition
There are three main properties of addition are:
It states that changing the order of addend does not affect the sum or result of addition for example: if there are two addends let’s say x and y and we apply the addition operation on it then the following equation holds which shows the commutative property of addition.
X + Y = Y + X
Let X=4, Y=2
This shows that addition holds the commutative property.
Additive Identity Property
It states that when zero (additive identity) is added to any other addend the result or sum which we get will be equal to the addend to which we have added zero in other words adding zero to the addend gives the addend itself. Consider the following equation:
0 + X = X
0 + 8 = 8
Which shows that addition holds additive identity property.
It states that a sum of at least three or more than three addends results in the same sum irrespective of the fact that how these addends are grouped in other words we can say the grouping of addends is independent of the sum. Consider the following equation:
X + (Y + Z) = (X+ Y) + Z
Let X=9, Y=5, Z=3
9 +(5+3) = (9+5) +3
Which shows that addition holds the associative property.
While countering problems of addition, the addition operator can be applied easily on single-digit numbers, but for numbers greater than single-digit numbers, we have to break the numbers like units, tens, hundreds, and so on. As per the place value system, we always start adding from the right-hand side. Starting with one (units), we move to tens, then hundreds, and then so on. There may be carry in some cases while we are solving such problems and there may be none.
Let’s take different examples to understand the concept of addition.
Suppose there are three students, the first student has 5 apples, the second student has 3 apples, and the third student has 9 apples, and we are required to apply the concept of addition to this scenario then we will take these apples simply as addends 5, 3 and 9 and apply the addition operator as 5+3+9 that will give the sum equal to 17.
Let’s take another example: suppose we go to a grocery store, and we buy 5 bottles of juice and 1 bottle of milk. 5 packets of biscuits and we want to know the total quantity of items we purchased so we will add all the items as
5 (bottles of juice) + 1 (bottle of milk), + 5 (packets of biscuits) = 11 items
Suppose you have 10 dresses and your friend gifted you 2 dresses then the total dresses you have will be equal to 12 dresses after applying the addition operation.
A Few Examples of Addition
Consider there are two classrooms, students present in the first classroom are 20, and students present in the second classroom are 30. Find the number of students present in both classes.
First, convert descriptive data into a compact form.
Students in the first classroom=20
Students in the second classroom=30
The total number of students in both classrooms=?
Total number of students in both classrooms = Students in the first classroom + Students in the second classroom
Total number of students in both classroom = 20 + 30
Total number of students in both classrooms = 50
Your mom went to a vegetable shop, and she bought 2kg of onions, 3kg of tomatoes, and 1kg of carrots. Find the total weight of the vegetables your mom bought.
Weight of onions= 2kg
Weight of tomatoes=3kg
Weight of carrots =1kg
Total weight = Weight of onions + Weight of tomatoes Weight of carrots
Total weight =2kg + 3kg + 1kg
Messi read 30 pages of a book in 50 minutes on Monday, the next day (Tuesday) he read 25 pages of books in 90 minutes, and on Wednesday he read 13 pages of a book in 30 minutes. How many pages of books did he read in three days? and how much time did he read in three days?
Pages read on Monday=30
Pages read on Tuesday=25
Pages read on Wednesday=13
Total pages read in three days= 30+25+13=68
Time spent on reading on Monday=50
Time spent on reading on Tuesday=90
Time spent on reading on Wednesday=30
Total time spent on reading in three days= 50 + 90 +30=170
Apply the addition operator on two numbers 150,30 and show the results.
All mathematical drawings and images were created with GeoGebra.
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In the realm of fashion, certain pieces transcend their utilitarian origins to become iconic symbols of style. One such garment is the humble carpenter jeans. What began as functional workwear for tradespeople has evolved into a versatile fashion statement embraced by individuals across the globe. In this comprehensive exploration, we’ll delve into the rich history of carpenter jeans, tracing their journey from practicality to prominence on runways and city streets.
Carpenter jeans trace their roots back to the late 19th century, a time marked by industrialization and the rise of manual labor. Workers needed durable clothing that could withstand the rigors of their demanding jobs, and thus, the concept of workwear was born. Jeans, with their sturdy denim fabric and riveted construction, quickly emerged as the garment of choice for laborers.
The term “carpenter jeans” specifically refers to a style of jeans designed with the needs of carpenters and other tradespeople in mind. These jeans typically feature extra pockets, loops, and reinforced stitching to hold tools and other essentials. The practicality of these design elements made carpenter jeans indispensable on construction sites and in workshops.
As the 20th century progressed, jeans evolved from purely functional workwear to a symbol of rebellion and counterculture. The rugged aesthetic of denim became associated with youth subcultures like the greasers of the 1950s and the hippies of the 1960s, further cementing its place in popular culture.
The 1990s marked a pivotal moment in the mainstream acceptance of carpenter jeans as fashion items. This decade witnessed a resurgence of interest in workwear-inspired clothing, driven in part by the grunge movement and the popularity of brands like Levi’s and Dickies. Carpenter jeans, with their distinctive pockets and utilitarian vibe, perfectly encapsulated the aesthetic of the era.
Celebrities and musicians played a significant role in popularizing carpenter jeans during this time. Iconic figures like Kurt Cobain and Gwen Stefani were often seen sporting the relaxed, laid-back look of carpenter jeans, further fueling their appeal among young audiences.
In the early 2000s, carpenter jeans underwent a transformation as designers began to experiment with different cuts, washes, and embellishments. High-end fashion houses introduced their own interpretations of carpenter jeans, elevating them from workwear to luxury status. Suddenly, what was once a practical garment worn by laborers became a coveted fashion statement embraced by trendsetters and tastemakers.
In recent years, carpenter jeans have experienced a resurgence in popularity, thanks in part to the fashion industry’s ongoing fascination with all things nostalgic. Designers and brands have reimagined this classic silhouette for the modern consumer, offering updated versions that blend traditional elements with contemporary flair.
One notable trend is the incorporation of sustainable and eco-friendly materials into carpenter jeans. With growing awareness of the environmental impact of fashion, many consumers are seeking out clothing made from organic cotton, recycled denim, and other sustainable fabrics. As a result, brands are increasingly offering carpenter jeans crafted with eco-conscious materials, appealing to ethically-minded shoppers.
Another trend is the fusion of streetwear and workwear aesthetics, resulting in carpenter jeans that effortlessly blend style with functionality. Oversized fits, distressed detailing, and bold graphic embellishments give these jeans a youthful, urban edge, making them a favorite among fashion-forward individuals seeking to make a statement.
Additionally, gender-neutral and inclusive sizing has become a focal point for many brands, reflecting a broader shift towards diversity and representation in the fashion industry. Carpenter jeans, with their relaxed silhouette and unisex appeal, are well-suited to this trend, offering versatility and comfort for wearers of all genders and body types.
Amidst this evolution of carpenter jeans, finding the perfect fit can sometimes be a challenge. That’s where Tailored-Jeans.com comes in. With our innovative approach to custom denim, we’re revolutionizing the way people shop for jeans.
At Tailored-Jeans.com, we understand that everyone’s body is unique, and off-the-rack sizes often fall short of expectations. That’s why we offer a personalized shopping experience that puts you in control. Using our intuitive online platform, you can design your own carpenter jeans, choosing from a wide range of customization options including fabric, fit, and style details.
Our team of skilled craftsmen then brings your vision to life, handcrafting each pair of jeans to your exact specifications. The result? A pair of carpenter jeans that not only looks great but fits like a dream. Say goodbye to compromises and hello to jeans that are truly made for you.
So, whether you’re a fashion enthusiast looking to make a style statement or a tradesperson in need of durable workwear, Tailored-Jeans.com has you covered. Experience the difference of custom denim and discover the joy of wearing jeans that are tailored to perfection.
In conclusion, the journey of carpenter jeans from humble workwear to fashion essential is a testament to their enduring appeal and cultural significance. As they continue to evolve and adapt to changing times, one thing is certain: carpenter jeans will always have a place in the annals of fashion history.
So, the next time you slip into a pair of carpenter jeans, take a moment to appreciate the rich heritage and timeless style embodied by this iconic garment. And if you’re ready to elevate your denim game to the next level, visit Tailored-Jeans.com and experience the future of custom denim today.
We Provide Custom Jeans services in USA, Canada, London, UK, Australia, Europe, Netherland, New Zealand, and many other Gulf Countries Like UAE, Kuwait, Oman, and Every Country in Europe and Asia, South Asia, and South American Countries, We also Provide Tailored Jeans Services in San Jose San Diego Los Angeles California, New York, Brooklyn, Chicago, San Antonio Dallas Texas, Illinois, Houston, Phoenix Arizona, Philadelphia Pennsylvania, Boston, Oklahoma, Memphis and every major city of United States of America and Europe, We also specialise in Custom Jeans for Women in America
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As the war of words over sugar and obesity continues (sometimes across the pages of The Grocer), it suddenly seems anybody and everybody has an opinion on what is making us fat, and what we should do about it.
Unsurprising, then, that supermarkets are making their own moves in the Great Obesity Debate. Lidl announced it was ditching sweets from its checkout queues earlier this month. And now Tesco is embarking upon a major new educational campaign to teach kids about food.
The Eat Happy Project will cost £15m in its first year and kicks off with ‘Farm to Fork’, an initiative that will see up to one million schoolchildren taken to visit farms and suppliers to learn about where food comes from and how it is made. For those schools that can’t do field trips, Tesco will offer virtual visits via Google’s ‘Connected Classrooms’ technology.
Why is Tesco doing this? Firstly, because of concerns around diet, according to Tesco UK MD Chris Bush: “We are now facing an overwhelming body of evidence which points clearly to the long-term health and social costs of our relationship with food.”
Secondly, Tesco cites research showing there is a huge gap in children’s knowledge of food. “Studies identified that almost a third of primary school pupils believe that cheese comes from plants, and almost one in five under 11s thought that chicken was the main ingredient in fish fingers,” says Bush.
Tesco’s stated aims are certainly ambitious: Bush says the work “will take a generation” but it will help “break habits formed over several generations and create a healthier future”.
Of course, it’s great PR for Tesco, which has a track record in this type of CSR, having run the Computers for Schools scheme since 1992. Along with its 10-point plan to make soft drinks healthier, announced in November, this positions it nicely ahead of the government’s launch of a new strategy to fight childhood obesity, expected in the Spring.
It’s also hard to fault the principle of teaching kids more about the supply chain; at a time when grown-ups publish books called ‘Farmageddon’ and argue bitterly over the techniques of modern farming, Farm to Fork seems suitably topical.
Granted, some may find it a bit rich that Tesco – which has copped plenty of flak for its treatment of suppliers in its time – is now setting itself up as an educator on food supply. But the Eat Happy Project – and the research cited by Tesco – throws up even more searching questions for the government. What does it say about the education system in the UK that the door has opened for the private sector to start teaching our kids about food?
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What is Regenerative Design and Why Is It Important?
Regenerative design is an innovative approach to creating sustainable and eco-friendly environments. It is a holistic approach to public policy design, sector transformation, and an organisation’s business model design, products and services. It goes beyond simply reducing negative impacts on the environment and communities. Regenerative design uses whole systems thinking to create resilient and equitable systems that integrate the needs of society with the integrity of nature. Regenerative design considers the entire lifespan of a policy, an organisation, a brand or a project – making sure that it contributes positively to the environment and communities it affects. It involves careful consideration of all the flows of materials, energy usage, waste disposal, natural conservation / restoration/ regeneration, gender and equity within supply chains, employment, and sustainable consumer behaviour.
But why is it important?
With the devastating impact of climate change becoming more evident every day, it is clear that we need to take bold action to protect our planet. Regenerative design offers a powerful solution, creating spaces that not only do less harm but actively work to heal the environment. By adopting regenerative design frameworks, mindset, skill, and tools we can create a better future for ourselves and for generations to come.
Who needs to know about regenerative design?
Regenerative design is an approach that seeks to restore, renew, and revitalize our natural and human-man ecosystems and communities. Anyone who is concerned about the impact we have on our planet and its resources should know about regenerative design. This approach can be applied to a wide range of projects, from public policy, industry development, building design and construction, agriculture, food systems, production and consumption of consumable goods, waste management, energy and water management – the list goes on. So if you are a policy maker, product designer, marketer, technologist, farmer, entrepreneur, economist, architect, engineer, urban planner, environmentalist, or sustainability officer – you should be well-versed in regenerative design principles. By prioritizing regenerative design, we can create a sustainable future for ourselves and future generations.
What different types of Regenerative Design Frameworks can we use?
The choice of framework is less important than the action of applying frameworks. In the spirit of sharing some frameworks, read these frameworks with the view of understanding the intent, and how this intent may be applied to your context. The application of frameworks will come down to assessing the context of change and the impact the organisation or collection of stakeholders seek to make, and the co-creation of a framework for your context may be the most appropriate. For example, the Innovation Center for US Dairy has been leading the way with its sustainability framework for the dairy sector.
Natural Capital Solutions
The global economy is embedded in the environment. The value of ecosystem services doesn’t appear on the balance sheets of corporations. But that’ staggering omission is gaining significant attention in recent years. Natural capital solutions(NSC) frameworks through a rigorous evaluation process, prioritize the most effective strategies for the conservation of nature and its assets and provide an evidence-based approach to justify investments in conservation initiatives. By recognising and incorporating the value of ecosystem services into decision-making processes, NCS frameworks not only promote sustainable land, sea, air, and water use and greater biodiversity but also enable the creation of long-term economic benefits for communities and businesses alike. Overall, the application of NCS frameworks serves as an essential tool for those seeking to ensure the continued provision of nature’s benefits for generations to come. A groundbreaking text by Lovins, Lovins and Hawken “Natural Capitalism: Creating the Next Industrial Revolution”, is a powerful thesis on the roadmap we need for natural capitalism. Further coalitions such as www.capitalscoalition.org, have developed protocols to enable meaningful and powerful applications.
Social Equity Solutions
Social equity refers to the fair and just distribution of resources, opportunities, and benefits in society. In recent years, there has been a growing concern about social equity within sustainability efforts. The need for regenerative systems that promote not only environmental and economic sustainability, but also social well-being, has become increasingly apparent. Most companies play a role in creating and maintaining inequities through their supply chains, hiring strategies, and the customer bases they serve — or don’t serve. Therefore models that draw attention to the social equity injustices that exist are fundamental to regenerative systems. To achieve social equity and regenerate our systems, various solution models can be employed. Corporate Social Justice frameworks are designed to address social and environmental issues that are often ignored by traditional business practices. Corporate social justice frameworks aim to promote fairness, equity, and justice in every aspect of a company’s operations. They can encompass a wide range of initiatives, including ethical sourcing, diversity and inclusion programs, community outreach, and co-design with under-represented groups to extend produce and service lines. By adopting these frameworks, companies can not only improve their reputation but create new brand value by contributing to the development of a more just and sustainable society. Another model, participatory budgeting can promote social equity and create more regenerative systems. This is well discussed by Bregman, in Humankind: A Hopeful History. Generally promoting the participation of marginalised communities in the decision-making processes of policy development, company business model transformation, and creating socially just supply chains are ways to achieve social equity solutions. Overall, building social equity and regenerating our systems requires a holistic approach that embodies principles of justice and sustainability.
Holistic solutions embody a key aspect of regenerative systems, where the ecosystem is viewed as an interconnected network, and all components contribute to its success. An integrated approach that takes into account the diversity of the system is vital to creating structures that are resilient to change, replete with beneficial loops and limiting feedback. Using a holistic approach, we can promote biodiversity, reduce waste, and manage resources efficiently. Regenerative systems are not only about reducing negative impacts on the environment but also creating positive ones, thereby creating dynamic and self-sustaining communities. A useful framework, the regenerative socio-ecological system (SES), developed by Fath (2019) proposes 4 categories that guide how a system e.g. food system, can assess and intervene to create regenerative systems. The 4 categories are:
- All good regenerative systems demonstrate cross-scale circularity in areas such as energy, information, resources and money, demonstrating value creation not extraction. For example, the flow of finances is essential for regenerative projects which do require funds to change existing practices to preferred ones, such as regenerative agriculture.
- All good regenerative systems have diverse and interconnected structures: different-sized organisations within systems are necessary to withstand shocks and disruptions.
- All good regenerative systems promote mutually beneficial relationships. This enables all various players to align their interests so that investment can flow, projects can be assembled, and challenges can be met together increasing the likelihood of success.
- All good regenerative systems learn, adapt and share knowledge. This is fundamental to increasing the whole system’s understanding of what works what does not, and how to change. For example, changing weather patterns mean different times to plant – if this is understood across a food system then the whole system will more likely thrive. The collaborative behaviours to learn are essential in regenerative systems.
Regenerative systems are complex, interconnected networks of diverse players and components. To create a more equitable and sustainable world, we must embrace holistic solutions that embody principles of justice and sustainability. This includes adopting corporate social justice frameworks as well as participatory models to promote social equity in our societies. Additionally, learning from one another through collaboration can help us make better decisions for the future. By taking these steps now, we can ensure a brighter tomorrow with resilient communities capable of thriving in an ever-changing environment.
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Featured Activities Near Fort Sumter National Monument
Fort Sumter National Monument Visitors Guide
Fort Sumter National Monument is a must-see for history buffs and families. You'll find a wealth of history and educational options at Fort Sumter National Monument, which was originally used to defend Charleston harbor and is now managed by the National Park Service. Start your experience at Fort Sumter with a 30-minute ferry ride.
On the way, you'll learn about the first encounter between the Confederate armies and the Union in 1861, which resulted in the Union forces surrendering after a 34-hour attack by the Rebels. You'll also enjoy learning about the fort’s history and remains, as well as its April 1861 events that led to the start of the Civil War. You can also explore the fort on your own.
Read moreThings to do Near Fort Sumter National Monument
Historic Charleston Walking Tour
Frequently Asked Questions
Fort Sumter National Monument is a historic site and the location of the first engagement of the Civil War.
Pets are not permitted at Fort Sumter due to the high volume of visitors.
The nearby attractions include Charleston Museum, South Carolina Aquarium, Boone Hall Plantation, and South Carolina Parks.
Guests are encouraged to bring water and snacks.
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The government says lions are endangered. Here's why that's a good thing.
Two subspecies of lions were just added to the government's list of endangered species.
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service announced on Dec. 21 that two subspecies of lion will be granted new federal protections as endangered species. One, found in central-to-western Africa and India, will be listed as endangered. The other, found in eastern-to-southern Africa, will be listed as threatened.
But it's actually good news.
This is a way for the U.S. government to put new restrictions around trophy hunting.
The government can't regulate what other countries do with their animals. So if countries like Zimbabwe want to let hunts continue, the U.S. can't stop them.
But the government can make it less appealing for Americans to participate in the kind of trophy hunts, such as the one that let a now-infamous dentist shoot and kill Cecil the lion earlier this year. His death caused an international uproar, which you may remember.
Now hunters will find it a lot harder to get any trophies they do kill back into the U.S. Many will be outright prohibited. Hunting permits will also be stricter and more expensive.
"The lion is one of the planet's most beloved species and an irreplaceable part of our shared global heritage," said Dan Ashe, director of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. "If we want to ensure that healthy lion populations continue to roam the African savannas and forests of India, it's up to all of us — not just the people of Africa and India — to take action."
As their new listing suggests, lions are having a tough time lately.
In the last 10,000 years, lions have disappeared from the majority of their historical range.
And it's not been any better in the last few decades. Habitat loss, hunting, and other threats have wiped out about 40% of lions over the last 21 years. It's estimated that less than 40,000 adult lions remain.
One of the places they usually receive some modicum of protection is in national parks.
That's why Cecil's case was so devastating. Cecil had been living in Hwange National Park in Zimbabwe, where he was a bit of a celebrity and part of a group of lions that University of Oxford had been studying for years. But instead of being safe, Cecil was lured out of the park and killed.
This action gives lions the same federal protections that has helped save animals like the bald eagle from extinction.
During the 1960s, it was estimated that only about 400 nesting pairs of bald eagles were left in the lower 48 states. But the government took action, using regulations and other measures to protect the birds. The population bounced back, and now there are nearly 10,000 pairs in the contiguous U.S.
So hopefully, adding these kind of protections to lions might put them back on the road to recovery as well. Many lion cousins — tigers, leopards, cheetahs, jaguars, and cougars — are already waiting for them in the circle of protection.
Conservation groups petitioned the government to protect lions a few years ago, but the government says their decision was mostly based on new scientific data about lion populations and genetics.
This action will hopefully take a bit of the edge off the hunting pressure and help to keep lions around for a long time. Which makes me feel all:
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This research page is dedicated to exploring the effects vaping. Vaping has become a prevalent trend in recent years. The below research information provides resources on how vaping effects your physical health and mental health. We also provide some quick Quit Tips that you can utilize on your journey to becoming vape free.
Physical Health Effects
Vaping, as new as a trend as it is, has already been showing how it can negatively harm your body. It can damage the lungs, heart, and blood vessels. It can also harm your respiratory system, increase your heart rate, and increase your blood pressure.
Vaping involves heating a substance made of many materials and inhaling the vapor that heating generates. This can become harmful to your lungs because it is unclear what exactly is in all of the vape liquid.
These juices can then cause bronchiolitis obliterans, aka "Popcorn lung". This condition results from damage to the lungs' airways making breathing difficult. This is especially true because is can cause symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, chest pain, and shortness of breath.
Overall vaping negatively impacts your lungs making you at higher risk of pneumonia, pneumothorax, and lung cancer.
Many people who vape are surprised to hear that vaping can affect the development of their brains. Nicotine is harmful for brains that are still developing. Its use during adolescence can interrupt the formation of brain neurons that control learning, attention, and susceptibility to addiction.
This means that when you start vaping at a young age you are at a higher risk of becoming an adult with vaping or smoking addictions. You are more likely to become and life long nicotine user.
Nicotine levels also impact your brain receptors and apply to this issue. The amount of nicotine in each vape is different, but even vapes with no nicotine still contain chemicals that can harm your body and/or mind. If you're under 25, these toxins can have even more impact on your brain development than they would for someone older.
Impacts on your daily activites
Vaping negatively affects your stamina and energy as well as raises your risk of injury. This is because vaping negatively affects your body by restricting the arteries and oxygen levels in your blood.
Vaping also can impact your sleep, weaken your immune system and damage your blood vessels.
Vapes contain enough nicotine to reflect a whole pack of cigarettes meaning that you also become a higher risk of developing a long-term addiction.
Vaping can affect your mental health in many ways. Since vaping can impact your physical body, sleep, and brain development it can also increase symptoms of mental health.
This is especially true in that current vape users have double the odds of having a diagnosis of depression compared to those who have never vaped.
Vaping worsens the symptoms of depression and anxiety. Nicotine use is also significantly associated with higher levels of conditions like ADHD
Getting motivated to quit vaping is hard. Some find that having a powerful reason or goal is helpful!
It could be to improve your health through lung functions and lowering your risk of heart disease. It could be to protect your family from the effects nicotine addiction or to save money.
When you go without vaping, the nicotine level in your bloodstream drops, which may cause unpleasant feelings, physical symptoms, and strong urges to vape.
When getting withdrawals you can build a toolkit to combat them. Some things to include are:
Find a healthy distraction
Lean on your support system of friends and families
Celebrate your accomplishment of choosing to quit
When trying to quit one of the hardest parts is combating triggers and cravings.
Here are some ways that can help:
Distracting yourself keeps your mind occupied and the triggers at bay. For example you can go snowboarding or skiing
Limiting social media can help you avoid seeing people vaping online
Getting plenty of rest, eating balanced meals, and taking time out of your day to exercise can help combat the cravings
Asking for help and visiting vapingsucks.org for more information can help you quit
If you're thinking about quitting vaping, we have some tips for you:
First, replace the habit of vaping with something else. Physical activity is a great option—when you feel like vaping, go for a hike, do some yoga, or work out in whatever way makes you feel best!
Replacing the habit will help distract you from the cravings you can get when quitting. Try getting outside or maybe hanging out with friends!
Just looking to quit and not sure how yet? This program really helps you go at your own pace. From self-guided information and activities to coaches available on demand. This is a great place to start.
If there’s strength in numbers then this is the spot. Over 300,000 people have used these services on their way to quitting vaping. And it’s all done via texting, anonymously.
Maybe you just need a way to connect with other people. To be understood. To find better ways to cope with a stressful life. This is the place.
Summit County Care Clinic
If you’re more interested in in-person care, this is the place. They can help you with quitting vaping or any other number of mental and physical health concerns you might be having. And they are located right in your school.
Want to get involved with other youth who are interested in helping their community stay tobacco free? This is the place and you’re always welcome.
The Real Cost is created by the FDA's Center for Tobacco Products. The Real Cost gives teens what they need to know about tobacco use and vaping-real facts so they can make their own decision.
Smokefree Teen Provides helpful strategies for tackling cravings, bad moods, and other situations where adolescents may smoke.
This toolkit is a theory based and evidence informed educational resource aimed at preventing middle and high school students use of tobacco.
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Cucumbers are popularly consumed raw in salads, sandwiches, smoothies, and cold soups. Just wash, peel, and you are good to go. But if you are bored with the regular way of eating cucumbers, then try pickling them.
Cucumbers are seeded or transplanted outdoors not earlier than 2 weeks after the last frost date. For an early crop, sow cucumber seeds indoors, approximately 3 weeks before you transplant them. Improve clay soil by adding organic matter. Make certain that soil is moist and well-drained, not waterlogged. Mix in compost and/or aged manure before planting to a depth of 2 inches and work into the soil 6 to 8 inches deep. Sow seeds in rows, 1 inch deep and 6 to 10 inches asunder. If you are transplanting seedlings, plant them 12 inches apart. A trellis might be a safe idea if you want the vine to climb, or if you have limited space.
Watering: When seedlings emerge, begin to water frequently, and increase to a gallon per week after fruit forms.
Pests: Pests that can attack this crop: Cucumber Beetles, Whiteflies, Bacterial Wilt, Anthracnose, Mosaic Viruses. The above mentioned pests might affect the plant leaving a honeydew substance behind that turns leaves pale yellow or might result in larvaes that leave holes in roots and stems below soil line. Adult pests chew leaves and may spread wilt and mosaic diseases.
Soil: Ideally, soil should be neutral or slightly alkaline with a pH of 7.0. Light, sandy soils are preferred as they get warm quickly.
Spot: Select a site full of sunlight.
Temperature: The soil must be at least 65ºF for germination with a bottom heat of about 70ºF (21ºC).
Harvest dills at 4 to 6 inches long and pickles at 2 inches long for pickles. The large burpless cucumbers can be up to 10 inches long and some types still bigger. Cucumbers are best picked before their seeds become hard and are eaten when immature. Do not let them get brown. A cucumber is of the highest quality when it is uniformly green, steady and snappy. Any cucumbers left on the vine for too long will get tough skins and lower plant productivity. At the peak of harvest season, pick cucumbers every couple of days. Keep them picked. If you don’t, as plants mature, they will cease growing. Wrap tightly in plastic wrap to keep moisture away. They will last for a week to 10 days when stored properly in the refrigerator.
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Swimming is a great way to stay fit and cool off during the summer months, but did you know that the chlorine in the water can have damaging effects on your hair and skin? Chlorine is a common disinfectant used in swimming pools, but it can strip your hair of its natural oils, leaving it dry, brittle, and prone to breakage. It can cause your skin to feel dry, irritated, allergic and prone to acne. In this blog, we'll explore the effects of chlorine on your hair and skin and offer some tips on how to protect your hair and skin while swimming.
What is Chlorine?
Chlorine is a chemical used to kill bacteria and other harmful microorganisms in swimming pools. It's an effective disinfectant because it reacts with water to form hypochlorous acid, which destroys bacteria and viruses. However, while chlorine is essential for maintaining pool hygiene, it can also have adverse effects on your hair.
How Does Chlorine Affect Your Hair?
Dryness: Chlorine can strip the hair of its natural oils, leading to dryness and Brittleness. This can cause the hair to become more prone to breakage.
- Discoloration: Chlorine can cause hair color to fade or change, particularly in blonde or light-colored hair. This can result in a greenish tint to the hair.
- Frizziness: Chlorine can cause the hair cuticle to lift, which can lead to frizz and tangles.
- Scalp irritation: Chlorine can irritate the scalp, leading to itchiness, dryness, and flakiness.
How Does Chlorine Affect Your Skin?
Here are some of the effects of chlorine on the skin:
- Dryness and irritation: Chlorine can strip the skin of its natural oils, leading to dryness and irritation. This can cause the skin to become itchy, flaky, and red.
- Premature aging: Chlorine can accelerate the aging process by breaking down collagen and elastin in the skin. This can lead to the development of fine lines and wrinkles.
- Allergic reactions: Some people may develop an allergic reaction to chlorine, resulting in hives, rash, or swelling.
What can you do to protect your hair and skin from the effects of chlorine water?
- To minimize the negative effects of chlorine on your hair, it is recommended to wear a swim cap while swimming
- Rinse your hair and body with fresh water before and after swimming. However, this might be viable to get access to fresh water every time you swim.
- You can use a hard-water and chlorine filter that fits directly on your taps and showers
- You can use a clarifying shampoo to remove chlorine buildup from the hair
- Applying a moisturizer can also help to keep the skin hydrated and prevent dryness and irritation
- Additionally, using a leave-in conditioner or hair and face mask can help to restore moisture to the hair that makes the hair and skin soft and moisturized
Chlorine is a disinfectant commonly used in swimming pools to keep the water clean and free of harmful bacteria. However, it can have negative effects on hair and skin, particularly if the hair and skin is frequently exposed to chlorinated water. There are several ways to mitigate the effects of chlorine on your hair and skin. You can use swimming caps, take filtered water showers after swimming, use moisturizers for your skin, use face masks, use clarifying shampoo for the hair and you can also use conditioners and masks to restore moisture. Now you can enjoy your swim without worrying about the effects of chlorine on your skin and hair.
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<urn:uuid:17795f7b-ab2b-4ba3-9c3e-e87679387de2>
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CC-MAIN-2024-42
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https://www.waterscience.in/blogs/water-awareness/effects-of-chlorine-water-in-the-swimming-pool-on-your-hair-and-skin
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2024-10-10T10:10:27Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253676.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20241010094047-20241010124047-00025.warc.gz
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We've had an exciting week this week!
In Science we have been doing a hygiene investigation. We put a piece of bread straight in to a bag without it being touched by anyone. Next we passed another piece of bread around the class touching it with our fingers. Then we all washed our hands and passed another piece around. We placed them into food bags and watched what happened! Our results are below! We found out that it's really important to wash our hands to stop germs from spreading.
In English we have started reading Zog and the Flying Doctors! The children have really enjoyed learning about the adventures of Zog, Princess Pearl and Gadabout.
In Maths we have moved onto subtraction and been using empty number lines.
We hope you have a great weekend and see you on Monday!
Miss Mousdell and Mrs Turton.
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CC-MAIN-2024-42
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https://www.westfield.wigan.sch.uk/friday-3rd-november-4/
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2024-10-10T10:52:26Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253676.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20241010094047-20241010124047-00025.warc.gz
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Wisc-Online Arcade Logo
The Internet and Representing Data
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Foundational IT Skills
The Internet and Representing Data Chap 2 Vocabulary
Created Date 02.04.20
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Having multiple backups to ensure reliability during cases of high usage or failure
A type of computer that forwards data across a network
Develops and promotes voluntary Internet standards and protocols, in particular the standards that comprise the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP).
A group of computers that are connected to each other. Largest computer network in the world.
The principle that all Internet traffic should be treated equally by Internet Service Providers
Small chunks of information that have been carefully formed from larger chunks of information
Provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of a stream of packets on the Internet
This system translates domain names (like example.com) to IP addresses (like 188.8.131.52)
The protocol used for transmitting web pages over the Internet
A number assigned to any item that is connected to the Internet
An easy-to-remember address for calling a web page (like www.code.org).
A set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices
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CC-MAIN-2024-42
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https://www.wisc-online.com/arcade/games/computer-science/foundational-it-skills/5698/the-internet-and-representing-data
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2024-10-10T11:55:17Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253676.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20241010094047-20241010124047-00025.warc.gz
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Smiling is one of the simplest yet most powerful gestures we can make. It conveys happiness, confidence, and positivity to those around us. But what if you're not confident about your smile because of dental issues? That's where good dental care comes in! Taking care of your teeth not only makes them look great but also ensures they're healthy enough to keep you smiling for years to come. So let's take a moment to appreciate the importance of dental care and all that it does for our smiles. Are you thankful for yours?
Dental care is an essential part of overall health and wellness. Neglecting your teeth can lead to a host of oral health problems such as cavities, gum disease, tooth loss, bad breath, and even more severe issues like heart disease and diabetes. Regular brushing, flossing, dental check-ups, and cleanings are all necessary components of good dental care.
Apart from preventing oral health issues, maintaining healthy teeth also has cosmetic benefits. A bright white smile not only boosts confidence but also makes you appear more attractive to others. It's no surprise that people with healthy smiles are often perceived as happier, friendlier, and more approachable than those who don't take proper care of their teeth.
In addition to the physical benefits, taking time for dental care can have positive effects on mental well-being as well. Studies show that regular visits to the dentist help reduce anxiety levels related to dental procedures while improving self-esteem by enhancing one's appearance.
Whether it's for health or cosmetic reasons (or both), prioritizing quality dental care should be an important aspect of everyone's life!
Good dental care can work wonders for your smile. When you prioritize regular dental check-ups and cleanings, you give yourself the gift of a healthy mouth. And when your mouth is healthy, it shows in your smile!
One benefit of good dental care is that it can prevent cavities and decay. By keeping up with routine cleanings, dentists can catch any potential issues before they become major problems. This means less time spent in the dentist's chair and more time showing off your pearly whites.
Another perk of good oral hygiene is fresh breath. No one wants to deal with bad breath or feel self-conscious about talking to someone up close! With regular brushing, flossing, and trips to the dentist, you'll keep your mouth feeling fresh all day long.
Investing in good dental care can boost confidence levels significantly. When we're not worried about the appearance or health of our teeth, we're free to flash our smiles with ease. A confident smile makes us feel better about ourselves overall - which affects every area of life!
Dental care plays a crucial role in maintaining good oral hygiene and overall health. Regular dental check-ups and cleanings can prevent serious problems down the line, such as gum disease and tooth decay. Additionally, cosmetic treatments like teeth whitening and veneers can greatly improve the appearance of your smile and boost your confidence.
When we take the time to appreciate our dentists and their team for providing excellent dental care, we also show gratitude for our own well-being. So next time you visit your dentist or receive a compliment on your beautiful smile, remember to be thankful for the dental care that made it all possible!
MON - THU 8:30 am - 5:00 pm
FRI 8:30 am - 12:00 pm
SAT - SUN Closed
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CC-MAIN-2024-42
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https://www.woodruffsmiles.com/blog/are-you-thankful-for-dental-care-that-makes-your-smile-look-and-feel-its-best/
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2024-10-10T12:01:47Z
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| 0.956118 | 708 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Americans are facing what is referred to as an “inactivity epidemic.” Physical inactivity is a fast-growing public health problem and contributes to a variety of chronic diseases and health complications, including obesity, diabetes and cancer. Even with all the benefits of physical activity, in the U.S. and many other countries, levels of inactivity are alarming. The Wellness Connection at OCH Regional Medical Center is drawing attention to this issue and urging individuals and families to increase physical activity during May’s Exercise is Medicine Month.
“Exercise either directly affects or influences every single system in your body,” said OCH Wellness Connection Personal Trainer and Clinical Exercise Physiologist Steven McCorkle. “The latest information shows we can manage and prevent many diseases through exercise by regulating and normalizing your bodily systems. Our bodies were designed to function best when we are active. A few key areas exercise has its most profound influence are metabolism, cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal system, endocrine system (hormones), psychological (stress) and systemic health/strength,” explained McCorkle at a recent lunch-and-learn held at the Medical Center.
Eric and Michelle Foote recently joined the OCH Wellness Connection and attended the lunch-and-learn focusing on how exercise can act as medicine for dozens of diseases and conditions.
“I was surprised to learn about the direct correlation between the endocrine system and exercise. Working in a high-stress field, I realize I should make exercise a higher priority in my life,” said Michelle Foote.
“Everyone should start or renew an exercise program now as an investment in life-long health,” said Robert E. Sallis, M.D., FACSM, chair of Exercise is Medicine. “Every person, regardless of age or health, is responsible for his or her own physical activity. There are far more reasons to exercise than excuses not to.”
Recent research indicates that up to half of the effects of aging are not due to aging at all, but rather a direct result of changing lifestyle and activity habits as we age.
“Your body will adapt to whatever you’re doing, whether it’s high level activity or sitting in your recliner. If you’re not challenging your bones and muscles, you’re going to lose them,” stated McCorkle.
For a minimal fee, a full fitness assessment is given to new members at the Wellness Connection, measuring weight, body fat, heart rate, blood pressure, flexibility, muscular strength and cardiovascular endurance. In addition, a blood chemistry test profiles cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, LDL and HDL levels. Upon completion of the fitness evaluation, members receive a computerized profile and individual consultation to assist in the development of a fitness program to meet their needs. All members receive this personal attention, as well as orientation to the facility and equipment upon joining.
“Everyone has been very helpful at the Wellness Connection. There are so many resources available that we have access to, as well as the knowledge of medical professionals at the hospital. You just can’t get that at any other gym,” said Eric Foote.
“A healthy lifestyle with plenty of physical activity is more beneficial and has fewer negative side effects than almost any other medicine you can take,” said McCorkle. “Everyone is searching for that magic pill to cure their disease and problems. We haven’t found that yet, but exercise is as close as we’ve come.”
For more information about the OCH Wellness Connection, call (662) 323-WELL (9355), or visit www.och.org.
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CC-MAIN-2024-42
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https://www2.och.org/exercise-is-medicine-overcoming-disease-with-physical-activity/
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2024-10-10T10:30:39Z
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In the ancient world, tombs or catacombs lined ancient roadways (well, at least in Rome). Many people used the catacomb space for funerary feasts or the like. And so did Christians. They worshipped in catacombs, surrounded by the dead.
The (possible) symbolism of Christian worship in catacombs fascinates me. Here’s why.
Death as a Corrupting Thing
The in the Old Testament, death is a corrupting thing. In the sixteenth psalm, Christ prays to his Father, “For you will not abandon my soul to Sheol, or let your holy one see corruption” (v. 10). The implication is clear. To die and enter into Sheol entailed corruption. Death or the place of the dead robbed people of joy, of any good things. The preacher writers, “there is no work or thought or knowledge or wisdom in Sheol, to which you are going” (Ecc 9:10). Sheol deprives. It corrupts.
Demons and Tombs
With this background in mind, I find the story of Jesus and Legion fascinating. When Jesus arrived in Gerasenes, he meets a man “out of the tombs” who had a demon (Mark 5:2). Mark reminds us that the demon-possessed man came from the tombs three times in this story (5:2, 3, 5). And Mark tells his readers that it’s not just one demon but many: “My name is Legion, for we are many” (5:9).
And how fitting is this? After all, Satan’s power over the world is at its base the power of the fear of death (Heb 2:14-15). So the legion of demons congregate in the tombs, the place where the dead lay, the place where Satan’s power has a visible reminder.*
And Jesus does something remarkable. He casts out the demons into pigs. And the demonic powers inhabiting the tombs flee headlong into destruction. Jesus cleanses the tombs of the demonic power. He prefigures what he would finally accomplish on the cross. He harrows the tomb and plucks up Satan’s power. The corrupting influence of the legion of demons evaporated.
The Light from the Tomb
When Jesus died, he descended into Hades (1 Pet 3:19; 4:6; Eph 4:9). And in so doing, he gained the keys to Hades, to unlock death itself. Jesus says, “I died, and behold I am alive forevermore, and I have the keys of Death and Hades” (Rev 1:18). He earned them by conquering death, by harrowing hell, and by rising from the grave.
He lay in the grave for three days and rose from the dead.
And in his rising, he defeated death. He fulfilled that old prophecy from Hosea: “I will deliver this people from the power of the grave; I will redeem them from death. Where, O death, are your plagues? Where, O grave, is your destruction?” (Hos 13:14).
He put death to death. And as Athanasius writes, Christians do not fear death. Instead, they rush into it as martyrs. Christ opened up the way for them, and they march on with confidence.
The demonic and corrupting influence of the tombs, of the dead, no longer had sway with Christians because Christ killed death. Those outside the faith still feared it. But not the Christians. And I suspect this could explain (in part) why Christians did not fear to worship in catacombs. And even if it does not, the symbolism of worshipping nevertheless the catacombs should not be lost on us.
Christians worshipped in the very place of Satan’s old-age power, the place of the death. And they did it without fear, crushing the head of the serpent every time they sang to or preached about the risen king.
*I owe this insight and others in this section to something that I read recently…although I cannot remember what! Possibly Richard Beck.
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CC-MAIN-2024-42
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https://wyattgraham.com/when-jesus-cleansed-the-tombs/
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2024-10-10T11:00:23Z
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Source: Journal of Science Teacher Education (2008), 19:117–134
This study explored how preservice teachers grew in their understanding of inquiry science through conducting an in-depth individual inquiry investigation in their science methods course. Elementary preservice teachers’ understanding
about inquiry investigations, their attitudes towards the assignment, and their views towards using individual inquiry investigations in their own classrooms were studied through written reflections, science notebook writings, and researcher fieldnotes.
After conducting an out-of-class inquiry investigation based on their own questions and design, the preservice teachers demonstrated a variety of strengths in their understandings of inquiry-based teaching, their attitudes towards doing science, and their projected use of inquiry in their own classrooms. Weak areas included forming researchable questions and superficial experimental design.
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CC-MAIN-2024-42
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http://education.eng.macam.ac.il/article/837
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2024-10-11T12:19:42Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz
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| 0.968685 | 160 | 2.625 | 3 |
The French GIGN, or Le Groupe d’Intervention de la Gendarmerie Nationale, is a French interventional combat unit tasked with special operations within France. The GIGN is a branch of the French military. It was formed in 1974 after onlookers experienced the tragic 1972 hostage situation in Munich and various incidents across France. This prompted the need for a counterterrorism unit.
This article will explore the 40+ year history, equipment, and unique tactics associated with the French GIGN.
Role of the GIGN
The interventional unit of the GIGN consists of a couple of hundred operators trained in activities such as counterterrorism, diving, HALO jumping from aircraft, counter-sniper & long-distance shooting, close-quarters combat, reconnaissance, negotiation techniques, K9 training, high-risk arrests, and VIP protection. The GIGN works with RAID, another French combat unit, a branch of the national police.
Since its creation, the GIGN has taken part in over 1,800 operations and rescued over 600 hostages with locations within France and the French overseas territories.
A 20-man GIGN unit can respond to an incident within 30 minutes.
All GIGN operators train to shoot up to 600 meters. But that’s not all. They have 60 elite snipers, some of which can hit targets out to 1.5 kilometers.
GIGN agents practice hand-to-hand combat techniques and maintain peak physical condition through weightlifting, cardio, and nutrition.
The GIGN specializes in counteracting several vital areas:
– Airplane highjacking
– Nuclear threats
– Chemical or Biological attacks
– Hostage situations
Pictured Above: French GIGN jumping at altitudes above 6,000 meters.
Pictured Above: A French GIGN K9 unit with a Belgian Malinois. The GIGN selects dogs and trains them for assaulting, explosive detection, and high-altitude jumps.
History of the French GIGN
In 1972, there was a situation at the Olympics in Munich, Germany, where Palestinian militants took Israeli coaches and team members hostage.
The West German police at the time were unprepared and committed numerous errors. The slow response time of armored personnel carriers, lack of proper sniper rifles, poor communications, and poor tactics failed. This resulted in 11 Israelis killed and one police officer being shot dead.
After the world watched in horror, they responded. The Germans created a special police force to handle such incidents better. The French also followed suit. Two months later, the French Gendarmerie proposed the creation of a commando unit destined to combat terroristic threats within the greater Parisian region and the entirety of France if needed. By time March 1st, 1974, the French GIGN was officially operational.
One of the most well-known missions occurred in 1994 when the GIGN rescued 229 passengers on a highjacked Air France plane in Marseilles. And more contemporary operations involve the GIGN rescuing hostages against Somali pirates.
The GIGN operates inside and outside France, including for VIP protection missions. Many of their exploits remain classified. Videos, games, and works of fiction do some justice in elevating their name.
Weapons of the GIGN
The GIGN have leeway with selecting their weapons and tailoring them to the task. This is a rough overview of the firearms used by the GIGN.
The Artic Warfare is a popular British-made bolt-action sniper rifle with international acclaim. For long-range shooting, the GIGN uses it chambered in either 308, 308 sub., or 338 Lapua Magnum.
Other sniper rifles include the French-made Hécate II antimaterial rifle and the FR F2 sniper rifle, also used by the French military.
Assault rifles include the HK416, HK G3, SIG 550, 551, 552 commando, and SIG 543 assault rifle derivatives. The GIGN has also used the FAMAS, but the French military is moving away from this weapon platform.
For close-quarters engagements, the GIGN wield riot shields and submachine guns such as the HK MP5, HK UMP, or FN P90. They also use a variety of shotguns, including the Remington 870, SPAS 12, and Benelli M3.
The GIGN has a history of using revolvers such as the MR-73 and 357 Magnum. However, more contemporary sidearms include the Glock 17, 19, and 26 and the Sig Sauer P226, P228, or P2022. Prior semi-automatic pistols included the FN 5.7, Baretta 92F, and Colt 1911.
This summary helps provide more insight into the training and skills of this particular French counterterrorism force.
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CC-MAIN-2024-42
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http://frenchcrazy.com/french-gign/
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2024-10-11T11:42:17Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz
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Lottery pengeluaran macau is a form of gambling that involves drawing numbers or symbols for prizes. It is typically organized by a state government or private company under contract with the state government, and often operates as a monopoly. Lottery revenues are often devoted to public services, and are used to pay for a variety of state programs. Despite their popularity with the public, lottery games have been criticized for their addictive nature and low chances of winning. The large sums of money on offer can be dangerous for individuals and families, as they can cause financial ruin. This has resulted in a rise in problems arising from the use of lotteries, including addiction and poor decision making.
A state government may choose to run a lottery by creating a monopoly for itself, or it may choose to license a private firm in exchange for a percentage of the profits. Once a lottery is established, it usually begins with a small number of relatively simple games and then expands as it becomes more popular. The expansion may also include new types of games and increased promotional activity, especially through advertising. State governments face a complex set of issues when running a lottery, which can include concerns about the effects of promoting gambling and the ability to manage it.
The first issue is the basic question of whether or not a state should be in the business of running a lottery at all. State governments are often dependent on lottery revenues and are unable to generate enough revenue by other means. They therefore are under constant pressure to increase revenues, which can lead to the promotion of gambling and other forms of risky behavior. It is difficult for any government at any level to manage an activity from which it profits, and many people feel that lottery promotion runs at cross-purposes with other state priorities.
While the casting of lots for decisions and determining fates has long been a part of human history, the introduction of public lotteries to raise money is of more recent origin. It was first recorded in the Low Countries in the 15th century, when cities raised funds to build town fortifications and help the poor.
For those who are tempted to buy a lottery ticket, it is best to check the website for information about how much time is left before each game ends. This will ensure that you are not buying tickets for a prize that has already expired. You should also look for a breakdown of the different scratch-off games and how long they have been active. This will give you a better idea of the odds of winning.
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<urn:uuid:ece9da1f-2852-4a2e-9da4-431382bd27bc>
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CC-MAIN-2024-42
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http://giveeverybodynicesweaters.com/the-issues-of-running-a-lottery/
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2024-10-11T12:24:03Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-42/segments/1727944253762.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20241011103532-20241011133532-00825.warc.gz
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| 0.977033 | 502 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Bruxism refers to an oral parafunctional activity that occurs in most humans at some point in their lives. Grinding of the teeth and clenching of the jaw are the two main characteristics of this condition, which can occur during the day or at night.
Bruxism is one of the most common known sleep disorders and causes most of its damage during sleeping hours. The clenching and grinding which accompanies bruxism is symptomatic of a malfunctioning chewing reflex, which is turned off in non-sufferers when sleeping. For sufferers, deep sleep or even naps cause the reflex nerve control center in the brain to turn off and the reflex pathways to become active.
Typically, the incisors and canines (front 6 upper and lower teeth) of opposing arches grind against each other laterally. This side to side action puts undue strain on the medial pterygoid muscles and the temporomandibular joints. Earache, depression, headaches, eating disorders, and anxiety are among the most common symptoms of bruxism; these symptoms also accompany health issues such as chronic stress, Alzheimer’s disease, and alcohol abuse.
Bruxism is frequently misdiagnosed or not diagnosed at all, because it is only one of several potential causes of tooth wear. Only a trained professional can tell the difference between bruxing wear and wear caused by overly aggressive brushing, acidic soft drinks, and abrasive foods.
A BiteStrip® is an economical device used to diagnose bruxism at home. The device itself is a small electromyography which senses and monitors any activity in the jaw muscles during sleep. The frequency and severity of the condition can then be assessed and the best treatment plan can be formulated.
Reasons for the treatment of bruxism
Here are some of the main reasons why bruxism should be promptly treated:
There is no single cure for bruxism, though a variety of helpful devices and tools are available. Here are some common ways in which bruxism is treated:
Other methods of treatment include relaxation exercises, stress management education, and biofeedback mechanisms. When the bruxing is under control, there are a variety of dental procedures such as crowns, gum grafts, and crown lengthening that can restore a pleasant aesthetic appearance to the smile.
If you have questions or concerns about bruxism, please contact our office.
I write in appreciation of Dr. Alter to whom my wife and I have been going for many years. He is the finest dentist I have been to. He is gentle, conservative in his treatments and technically brilliant. Where necessary, he refers patients to a great network of other dentists for specialty work. He often contacts me to see how problem teeth are getting along which shows how much he cares for his patients. He is very funny and interesting which makes visits a double pleasure!
“As a terrified product of the worst of British dentistry I first went to Steve in the mid 80's. Nobody else has touched my teeth since ... nor will they. He completely cured me of my fear of dentists - and I still have most of my teeth! I can think of no better endorsement.” Top qualities: Great Results, Expert, High Integrity August 30, 2011
First hired Steven as my Dentist in 1986 Simon Poulton
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Bride system has traditionally been depicted in the traditional anthropological materials as that service made by the soon-to-be husband to the relatives from the bride as being a price or perhaps share of just one. Bride support and bride-money models framework anthropological discussions of reciprocity in most portions of the globe. This runs specifically true of how all of us quantify things like material things today, whether it is actually marriages dowries, or prosperity.
The price or perhaps payment in this instance has to do with the value of something for the buyer-in this case, the star of the event price. This is because the groom customarily provides the star of the wedding money to ensure that she may possibly marry without having dowry or perhaps family support asian feels website review required. This practice has roots in the Islamic https://mailorderbrideguide.net/reviews/asian-feels-online-dating/ law of dowry, which will requires the male population to provide a financial repayment to the girl heir to guarantee her ability to marry and that he will not ditch her to live and enable live (dowry). Although this tradition is definitely abolished in modern times, it continue to exists in certain areas of the center East and Asia, which includes Thailand, Malaysia, and Philippines.
In Japan, however , the place that the dowry system has been changed by a approach to « karyukai, » or income tax on asset taken from the family of the bride, a new man might be required to obtain (or present) a economic payment to be able to free his bride. Although this is not a standard Japanese practice, it may had been adapted from a similar practice among samurai warriors. This habit, which can also involve horses, pigs, or any type of other livestock commonly connected with rural aristocrats, may well possess inspired the storyplot of Snow White and the several dwarfs, as well as the practice of brideservice among Japanese people young men today.
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We recently found a unique case for discussion. It is translating the word home based on the context. Home may generally refer to place where we live in and it is correct when we talk about the daily life, where we live in and so on. Say, "My home is green." This utterance really refers to place where we live in. It can be then translated as "Rumah saya bercat hijau." It is contextually correct that home is synonymous to house. Again, the context is clear as this has a verb and complement after it.
What if we found the word home, standing alone with no context? What should we do to avoid lost-in-translation case? First of all, we have to source some information on the related term if there are some other possibilities that this word may have its own equivalents other than one we used to know. What if this word is used in IT community? Will it be the same case as one the real estate people talk about? In this, we talk about jargon. See jargon for more information. Only certain people know it while some others do not know it. Say, membantai singa mati (killing the dead lion). Only Indonesian translators will know this jargon, while some other people with different background will not know or will slightly know it. We do not talk about this actually. We would like to focus on word home.
In a website translation or localization, home can be generally translated as beranda or awal. There is no single valid reference that it should be translated so. However, most reliable translators (Indonesian translators with an extensive experience in the language industry) agree that home should be translated so as this will refer to the initial page of the website, rather than it refers to a place where one lives in. In the context of website translation, home translated as rumah will surely be out of context. If this should be translated as rumah, when we click on it, the page should be directing us to the topic of house, where people feel comfortable to live in. It is the reason why context should be provided when translating and the translator should be fully aware of this. Before starting to translate, all the necessary references should be prepared or at least, translating while searching should be done to avoid the basic mistake.
In common practice, we will see words home and homepage in a website. What Indonesian words should be equal to them? It is simple. You may decide whether to use beranda or awal. If you have to use beranda, keep it consistent in whole pages. The same thing goes when you use awal. The illustration will be:
home = beranda
homepage = halaman beranda or
home = awal
homepage = halaman awal
Never use beranda and awal at the same page and case as this is categoriized as inconsistent and it may lead the readers to confusion.
We will show you an out-of-context translation of home in one of the international websites that we are sure that it was translated not based on the context. Thus, the website looks weird. See below.
As we discussed above, home in a context of website translation will refer to thing that will redirect us to the first page of the website, thus translating it as Rumah, meaning house is really out of context. On the contrary, beranda or awal should be the best equivalent to it. It is the reason why we strongly suggest you see context when translating. At least, we know what we talk about.
- If you are unsure of what to translate, never translate it
- If you have no idea of what to say about a word (you are blind of the context), ask your service user
- Hire a professional translator, specialized in the relevant industry -in this case, a translator with website translation background.
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"Obsessed with the idea of the microbe we often forget the most fundamental of all rules for the physician, that the right kind of food is the most important single factor in the promotion of health and the wrong kind of food the most important single factor in the promotion of disease."
The first principle of optimal health is eating more nutritious foods. While this may seem obvious, the definition of "nutritious" in the US has radically changed over the last century. Initially, minimally-processed whole foods from both plants and animals were advocated. Then, as the Industrial Revolution made its way towards food producers, Americans started eating pseudo-foods like margarine, industrially-produced vegetable oils, pasteurized milk, highly-processed meats, unfermented soy, canned foods, white sugar, and bleached flour. These adulterated foods were cheaper than whole foods and, according the the US Government, seemed to be just as healthy. But these pseudo-foods are not more healthy than whole foods and generally cause nothing but disease.
This post has been moved over to my Mayo's Mind blog. Click on the link below to read the rest of this post.
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Day of the Dead, or Día de los Muertos, is a beautiful Mexican tradition that honors deceased loved ones. From vibrant altars to colorful papel picado, the decor plays an integral role in this celebration. Drawing from both personal experience and extensive research, I will guide you through the art of creating Day of the Dead decor, ensuring your celebration is both meaningful and visually stunning.
Understanding Day of the Dead: An Overview
The Day of the Dead is celebrated on November 1st and 2nd, coinciding with the Catholic holidays of All Saints’ Day and All Souls’ Day. It is a time to honor and remember those who have passed away. The decor serves as a bridge between the living and the dead, filled with symbolism and cultural significance.
Essential Elements of Day of the Dead Decor
To truly embrace the spirit of this celebration, it’s essential to understand the core elements that make up Day of the Dead decor:
1. Altars (Ofrendas)
The altar is the focal point of the celebration, where families create ofrendas to welcome the spirits of their loved ones.
Components of an Ofrenda
- Photos: Images of the deceased to honor their memory.
- Food: Traditional foods like pan de muerto and sugar skulls.
- Flowers: Marigolds symbolize the fragility of life.
- Candles: Light to guide spirits back to the living world.
- Paper Decorations: Colorful papel picado adds a festive touch.
2. Marigolds (Cempasúchil)
These vibrant orange and yellow flowers are believed to attract the spirits of the dead. Their scent is thought to guide the spirits back to their altars.
3. Sugar Skulls (Calaveras)
Colorful sugar skulls symbolize the sweetness of life and are often personalized with the names of the deceased. They’re both a decorative piece and a treat.
Making Your Own Day of the Dead Decor
Creating your own decor can be deeply personal and rewarding. Here’s how to get started:
Step-by-Step Guide to Creating an Ofrenda
- Choose a Location: Find a central place in your home for your altar.
- Gather Photos: Collect pictures of loved ones you want to honor.
- Include Personal Items: Adding personal belongings can enhance the altar’s significance.
- Arrange Your Elements: Start placing your elements in a way that feels meaningful to you.
- Lighting and Final Touches: Light candles and adjust your decor for the final look.
Types of Decorations for Day of the Dead
Day of the Dead offers a plethora of decoration options. Here are some popular types:
Papel picado is a traditional paper decoration, often cut in intricate designs. These colorful banners add a festive spirit to your home.
Calacas and Calaveras
Skeletons and skulls, often depicted in playful situations, represent the liveliness of the deceased. They’re commonly used in various decor pieces.
Brightly colored textiles can be used as table runners or wall hangings to enrich the ambiance of your celebration.
Choosing the Right Colors and Themes
Color plays a vital role in Day of the Dead decor. Here’s how to choose the right palette:
Popular Color Combinations
Color | Symbolism |
Orange | Marigolds, symbolizing the sun and life. |
Purple | Represents mourning and remembrance. |
Pink | Symbolizes celebration and joy. |
Black | Represents the Earth and the cycle of life. |
Pros and Cons of DIY Day of the Dead Decor
While creating your own decor can be fulfilling, it’s essential to weigh the pros and cons:
- Personalization: Customize to honor your loved ones.
- Cultural Connection: Engage deeper with traditions.
- Creativity: Express your artistic side.
- Time-consuming: Requires planning and effort.
- Cost: Depending on materials, it can become pricey.
- Skill Level: May require crafting skills.
Tips for Enhancing Your Day of the Dead Decor
To elevate your celebration, consider the following tips:
Incorporate Natural Elements
Using natural elements like stones, water, and fruits can provide a sense of authenticity.
Include Family Traditions
Each family has unique ways of celebrating. Incorporating personal traditions can make your decor more meaningful.
DIY Craft Ideas
Consider making your own papel picado or sugar skulls as a fun family activity.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is the significance of sugar skulls in Day of the Dead decor?
Sugar skulls symbolize the sweetness of life and serve as a reminder that death is a part of life.
How do I choose photos for my altar?
Choose photographs that bring you joy and capture the essence of your loved ones. Include recent images as well as older ones to represent their life journey.
Can I use artificial flowers for my ofrenda?
Yes, while traditional marigolds are preferred, artificial flowers are a popular option as they can last longer and require less maintenance.
Is it appropriate to include pets on the altar?
Absolutely! Many people honor their beloved pets on the altar, recognizing the bond and love shared.
Conclusion: Embracing the Spirit of Day of the Dead
Creating Day of the Dead decor is a beautiful way to celebrate life and honor the memory of those who have passed. Whether you choose to make your own decorations or purchase traditional items, infusing your decor with personal touches will make your celebration unique. Embrace the colors, the joy, and the love that this holiday represents. May your ofrenda shine bright and welcome the spirits of your loved ones back home.
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The question of what financial statements are used for is an important one as it raises awareness as to the importance accounting as a whole. Many debates went on in the past and are in fact still going on now amongst academics and professional accountants on the relevance of accounting numbers. This whole argument was triggered by the classical work of Ball and Brown of 1968. The bone of contention was if the release of accounting information has any impact on share prices and shareholders wealth. Well, this article will not join in such debate but will rather collate the various uses that the financial statements can be put into. Before that is however done, it will be wise to briefly discuss how financial statements are used. Hence,
HOW TO USE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Financial statements can be used both as a qualitative tool as well as a quantitative tool. The most appropriate way to use a financial statement is to leverage on both the qualitative as well as the quantitative element of it.
Accounting information as contained in the financial statements is not supposed to be used in their raw state without firstly doing some analysis and adjustments. This is a bitter fact that every user of accounting information will have to bear with. An average user of accounting information is battling with at least two bottlenecks. Those bottlenecks are (1) inflexibility caused by legislation, and (2) financial statement noise caused by interior motives of managers- fraud.
The first thing to do whenever you pick up any financial statement is to look at the notes to the accounts and other documents accompanying it. This exercise will give you an indication of what the overall financial outlook of the company might be. This no doubt is an art that requires experience and dedication to learn.
Ask yourself this all important question; are things adding up? A company whose ratios have been showing signs of decline in activities and profitability cannot produce a super profitable accounting result that can be relied upon. This is not minding what the auditors might have said about the account in the auditor’s report. The crux of the matter is that subjective judgements are in most cases required for a credible financial analysis to be made. The sooner you learn to do this, the better you will become at performing quality fundamental analysis of a company or project. Now that your understanding of how financial statements are used is refreshed, let us now proceed the subject matter of this post.
7 (SEVEN) USES OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT
Financial statements can be used in several ways. Some of the most common uses of a company’s annual report are identified and briefly discussed below:
AS AN INPUT IN VALUATION
Financial statements when used properly acts as the main source of information for business valuation. Like discussed earlier, both qualitative (non financial) and quantitative information can be derived from facts and figures contained in an annual report. The whole process of business analysis starts reverse engineering of a company’s books of accounts.
INVESTMENT DECISION MAKING
Based on the outcome of the valuation process using different methods of valuation carried out above by a financial analyst or an investment accountant, high quality and reliable economic decisions can be made as far as investing decision is concerned. Different methods of valuation are used to determine a reasonable value for our target asset. This value is then compared with set standard. This process of taking good investment decision is known as investment appraisal or capital budgeting.
Government and other not for profit organizations uses accounting information to make out data for statistical purposes. This is however not the only source of data, but it is a significant source of data.
PLANNING AND CONTROL
Managements of businesses rely on information provided through management accounting information for planning and control purposes. Some company prepare a different statement for managerial accounting purposes. But this has over the time proved to be costly, so statutory financial statements are taken one step further to make it suitable for decision making and budgeting.
Most business negotiations are made based on the information contained in the financial statement. This is one of the reasons why business plans most often contain a form of financial statement or the other. The logic behind this is that people trust you more when you have facts and figures to back whatever you tell them. Potential clients will award a contract to the person whose financial position can be verified.
REWARD AND REMUNERATION
Reward and remuneration system is one area of management accounting where both scholars and practitioners never agree on. Some are of the opinion that managers get motivated if they know that their rewards are remuneration is based on reported profit, while others argue that basing rewards system on financial terms can lead to suboptimal decisions being made. The fact of the matter is that neither end of the spectrum is ideal. The ideal point is somewhere at the centre. The major problem is how to identify that ideal point. To this end, financial statements are used as partial tool for motivation.
AS A COMMUNICATION TOOL
One of the main uses of financial reporting is to communicate financial information to interested parties. This is why accountants are called business communicators. The whole business process will crumble if stakeholders are left in the dark. In fact, sending reports to business owners assumed a new dimension since the advent of the ‘legal entity’ concept. This is a situation where the business is seen as a different entity from the owners. The owners must be abreast with the running of their investments hence, the need for financial statements.
We have discussed at length just to answer the question of what financial statements are used for and how they are used. Care has been taken to touch all relevant issues that might come up in discussion of this magnitude. However, knowledge acquisition is not something that you start and finish just in one process.
I encourage you to keep the desire for learning burning. Motivation to learn is all that you need in your quest to developing your life enhancing skills.
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16 October 2023
🚀 On Oct. 15, 1997, NASA launched the Cassini spacecraft on a mission to explore Saturn and its moons
On Oct. 15, 1997, NASA launched the Cassini spacecraft on a mission to explore Saturn and its moons. It lifted off aboard a Titan 4B rocket from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida.
It took almost seven years for Cassini to reach Saturn, with the spacecraft entering orbit around the ringed planet in 2004. Another smaller spacecraft called Huygens hitched a ride with Cassini, and it landed on Saturn’s moon Titan in 2005.
Cassini spent 13 years studying the Saturn system up close, and the mission lasted about 20 years before coming to an epic grand finale on Sept. 15, 2017.
Running low on fuel, NASA chose to steer Cassini straight into Saturn’s atmosphere, where the spacecraft was destroyed.
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Title: Neno Urea Fertilizer: Revolutionizing Agricultural Practices
Fertilizers play a pivotal role in ensuring healthy crop growth, boosting agricultural productivity, and addressing global food security challenges. Among the various fertilizers available in the market, Neno Urea has emerged as a game-changer in the agricultural industry. This article aims to shed light on the properties and benefits of Neno Urea, which has captured the attention of farmers worldwide.
Understanding Neno Urea:
Neno Urea is a type of nitrogen-based fertilizer that stands out from conventional urea due to its unique composition and manufacturing process. Unlike traditional urea, Neno Urea is produced using advanced nanotechnology that enables controlled release of nitrogen into the soil, gradually feeding crops with nutrients over an extended period.
Key Benefits of Neno Urea:
1. Improved Nutrient Absorption: Neno Urea is designed to increase the bioavailability of nitrogen to plants, allowing them to efficiently absorb essential nutrients. This promotes healthier plant growth and mitigates nutrient wastage.
2. Increased Crop Yield: The controlled release mechanism of Neno Urea ensures a steady supply of nutrients to crops throughout their growth cycle. This consistent nourishment leads to enhanced crop yield, with studies suggesting a significant increase compared to traditional fertilizers.
3. Environmental Sustainability: The controlled-release technology utilized in Neno Urea minimizes nitrogen loss from the soil. By reducing nitrogen leaching and volatilization, it aids in preventing water contamination and the release of greenhouse gases, contributing to ecological balance.
4. Cost-Effectiveness: While Neno Urea may appear relatively more expensive compared to traditional fertilizers upfront, its long-lasting performance negates the need for frequent reapplication. Ultimately, farmers can achieve cost savings and higher value for their investment.
Applications of Neno Urea:
Neno Urea is suitable for a wide range of agricultural applications, including field crops, fruits, vegetables, and even greenhouse cultivation. It can be applied using conventional methods such as broadcasting, side dressing, and fertigation, catering to various farming practices and preferences.
In today’s rapidly evolving agricultural landscape, adopting sustainable farming practices is essential. Neno Urea stands at the forefront of this movement, offering farmers an innovative approach to fertilization. Its controlled-release technology provides crop plants with a consistent and efficient nutrient supply, supporting healthy growth and increased yield. With its potential to reduce environmental impacts and enhance agricultural productivity, Neno Urea has become a revolutionary tool in modern farming, ensuring a sustainable future for the global food supply.
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In 2021, the Australian Thyroid Foundation released analysis to show, well over 1 million Australian are living with an undiagnosed thyroid disorder, including thyroid cancer, lower IQs, lifelong disability, and a causal or possible contributory factor – in the development of other neurological disorders such as ADHD and autism. Some of the challenges for diagnosis and treatment can be addressed by producing material for health care practitioners during patient presentations.
‘Recent statistics show well over 1 million Australians are living with an undiagnosed thyroid disorder, awareness and testing can prevent unwarranted outcomes for mothers and their babies’ says ATF CEO Beverley Garside OAM
Australia has been labelled by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as being iodine deficient, and evidenced in research in 2005-06 by Westmead Hospital and Sydney University (see 1 below)
The World Health Organisation states iodine deficiency during pregnancy and early infancy –the first 1000 days of life when development of the human brain is so critical – is the commonest global cause of preventable intellectual disability (see 2 below)
Thyroid Disorders affect all Australians of all age groups and demographics. Awareness is the key to ensuring the public and healthcare professionals do not overlook a thyroid disorder which could be affecting health and wellbeing.
– 1 in 10 Australians will be affected by some form of thyroid disorder
– 7 of the 10 are women
– Over 1 million Australians are undiagnosed
– 60,000 Australians are diagnosed each year
– Thyroid Cancer is increasing, affecting younger Australians
– Iodine Deficiency & Thyroid Disorders affect pregnancy outcomes for women of childbearing years.
As a Not-For-Profit health charity, The Australian Thyroid Foundation Ltd (ATF) mission is to offer information, education, advocacy and support to members and their families, using services provided by ATF and raise much needed awareness throughout Australia about the consequences of thyroid disease and iodine deficiency and the benefits of achieving good thyroid health.
In recent years ATF has launched campaigns aimed at reaching a number of patient types requiring treatment for the thyroid gland and thyroid hormone production. These have created some level of awareness within the public and health care professionals (HCPs).
The Australian Thyroid Foundation has lodged a Pre-Budget Submission for the Federal Budget 2024-25 to counter increasing misinformation on social media creating dietary deficiencies such as an increasing number of young women, who are planning pregnancy or already pregnant opting for plant based milks such almond, soy or oat milk coffee as an alternative to standard cow’s milk, which is a source of iodine and alternate milks do not include.
Australian Health Journal spoke with endocrinologist, Adj. Prof. Duncan Topliss AM, a Medical Advisory Board Member at The Australian Thyroid Foundation Ltd, about issues raised in the submission.
1. Evidence for iodine deficiency in the Australian population was derived from a national study on Australian schoolchildren in 2003-2004 in which the ATF actively participated with a large group of Australian clinical researchers. The outcome was the implementation of the mandatory iodine fortification of all salt used in the baking of bread and bread products in Australia and New Zealand.
2. Multiple studies undertaken on pregnant women have revealed that iodine intake in at least 50% of pregnancies in Australia is deficient, despite the addition of iodised salt to bread, putting the next generation of Australian children at risk of neuro-developmental disorders and lower IQ.
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n Part 2 of the Models of Care on Social Prescribing, Australian Health Journal spoke to 4 people involved in the Connect Local program under the Connecting Communities to Care 4 year program. The free program for over 65’s promotes wellbeing through social connection and is underway in the Glen Eira community in Melbourne.
– Deidre McGill, Executive General Manager, At Home Support, Bolton Clarke
– Ann Van Leerdam, Connect Local Community Connector, Bolton Clarke
– Dr Rajna Ogrin, Senior Research Fellow, Bolton Clarke Research Institute, Bolton Clarke - Dr Daniel Fineberg, Deputy Director General Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Victoria -
An ACT nurse dedicated to giving people more dignity and choice in their final days was earlier this week night named the inaugural Health Minister’s Nursing Trailblazer at an awards ceremony in Sydney.
Lord Nigel Crisp, Co-Chair Nursing Now and Australian College of Nursing President, Professor Christine Duffield FACN presented the inaugural Health Minister’s Nursing Trailblazer Award to Nikki Johnston MACN, a Palliative Care Nurse Practitioner based in Canberra at Calvary Health Care’s Clare Holland House.
Clinical trials are essential in developing new, improved, and more effective treatments and interventions. Without trials, researchers and professionals in the field cannot properly determine whether these new treatments and interventions are safe and effective.
The Clinials platform is geared towards patient centric trials and reducing site burden. The aim is to accelerate lifesaving medicines coming to market by connecting participants and researchers. The platform allows participants to come to researchers with their eligibility in hand among other capabilities.
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Advantages and Disadvantages of Written Communication: Written communication is crucial in today’s work environment. It requires creativity and invention in the mind. Strong written communication skills must be developed by managers and business owners, who must also push their personnel to do the same. Effective written communication is a need for the development of meaningful advertising material for business growth. Effective writing requires deliberate word choice, appropriate phrase design, and word placement within sentences.
Meaning of Written Communication
In a wide sense, written communications encompass correspondence of all kinds, such as letters, circulars, manuals, reports, telegrams, office memos, bulletins, and more. It is a more formal, strict manner of speaking. It is rigid and unchangeable. An accurate written record that is preserved creates a permanent record for use in the future.
Written communication has various benefits, including the ability to be preserved, understood easily, and used as legal documentation. But “written communication” has two sides, just like everything else. We shall go into more detail about the disadvantages of textual communication in this article. Let’s talk about the many benefits of written communication first.
Advantages (Merits) of written communication
1. Easy to Preserve: One of the key benefits of written communication is the ease with which written records may be preserved. Communication that is verbal and nonverbal is not maintained. Even though it can be recorded, it is not practical to do so every time. Crucial information is gathered by written communication from the already stored data.
2. Clarity and Clear Understanding: Written communication also offers a clear and thorough understanding of the message that has to be communicated. Written communication gives us the ability to reread the message until the intended audience understands it completely. Additionally, there are fewer opportunities for any communication-related information to be lost or misunderstood.
As a result, the sender’s intended meaning is precisely received and understood by the recipient. Oral or nonverbal communication is readily forgotten, and the recipient may not be paying close attention while listening in some cases. This is not the case while communicating in writing.
3. Permanent Record: The fact that written communication records serve as a permanent document is another significant benefit of written communication. Additionally, a company’s records are typically in writing, making them very valuable as references in the future. For instance: Decisions made in the past may act as a guide for decisions made in the future and for other purposes. If it is in writing, it will save time and work in the future.
4. Makes Presentation Easy: We have the benefit of being able to quickly and more aesthetically communicate any difficult subject or information through written communication.
Executives in commercial organizations can convey information more precisely and concisely through textual communication. It offers guidance on how to succinctly explain the facts.
5. Serves as a Legal document: Written records are used as legal documentation for significant company transactions and activities. Written communication is the type of evidence that is accepted in court cases. It is maintained with due care and attention because it is legal documentation, and all necessary standards were met while it was being written.
6. No wastage of time and money: Another benefit of written communication is that it helps to avoid time and money waste. It is because all parties or members who are expressing their ideas or data can do so even if they have never met, i.e., communicators and receivers can exchange opinions without ever having even spoken.
7. Fewer chances of distortion: Additionally, written communication lessens the possibility of distortion. Similar to textual communication, information is permanently recorded, reducing the chance of distortion or other changes to the content.
When communicating orally, the communicator may forget certain crucial details or facts as they are being said. However, since the communication’s contents are written, there is very little chance of distortion when using written communication.
8. Ease in verification: This advantage of texting seems quite evident. It is possible to rapidly verify any uncertainty. You can verify the validity of something said or acclaimed by reading the written record. It is straightforward to check if there was an information breakdown between the parties.
Disadvantages (Demerits) of Written Communication
1. Expensive: Being more expensive than other forms of communication is one of the drawbacks of written communication. To execute textual communication, a computer, a sizable workforce, paper, pens, ink, typewriters, printing presses, and sustaining such machines and equipment are required. Additionally, it costs a lot of money for a group of people to write and deliver the organization’s letters, which is costly for any organization. It is therefore expensive.
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The French Spaniel is one of the largest of the spaniel breeds. Developed as a hunting dog in its native France and Canada, it has a long history. Favoured over other sporting dogs by many French nobles and royals. Despite this, they are another breed that almost faced extinction in the 20th Century.
Among the spaniel breeds, it distinguishes itself with its even, often gentle temperament and its strong build. It’s not as large as the Irish Water Spaniel, but it is amongst the largest of the spaniel breeds, with a build perfectly suited for retrieving and pointing in diverse terrains.
Despite it’s long and well documented history, the French Spaniel is not recognised by the Kennel Club (KC) in the UK, and has only recently been acknowledged by the American Kennel Club (AKC) as part of its foundation stock service. It is however, recognised by the Canadian Kennel Club, the French Kennel Club (Société Centrale Canine SCC) and the International Federation of Kennel Clubs (Fédération Cynologique Internationale FCI). It is listed by the FCI as part of Group 7 for ‘Pointing Dogs’ and Section 1.2 for ‘Continental Pointing Dogs’ of the Spaniel type.
Read on to learn more about the unique history, characteristics, and daily life of living with a French Spaniel.
History Of The French Spaniel
The Spaniel type of dog was mentioned in literature as far back as the 14th Century and it was from these older dogs that the French Spaniel came to be. By 1660, the breed was recognised as it’s own type of Spaniel, distinct from others and it’s popularity started to grow.
During these later Middle Ages, the French Spaniel became increasingly popular amongst the noble families, for its prowess in hunting game birds, but also for it’s gentle temperament. They were kept as hunting dogs by the Royal Elites at the courts of Versailles and also by Peter the Great and wife Catherine in Russia. In Russia, they symbolized the great love and import of European art, culture and luxury that Peter wanted to bring into the country.
The French Spaniel, so proficient in its hunting, have been part of the foundation for many other modern sporting breeds. But during the late 19th Century and early 20th Century, they nearly became extinct due to competition from other sporting dogs. Thankfully the breed was revived through the efforts of dedicated breeders, most notably Father Fournier, a French priest. Fournier was the first president of the French Spaniel Club which was founded in 1921.
The breed remained relatively unknown outside of it’s native France, until the 1970’s when they were introduced to Quebec in Canada. In the 1980’s the Canadian Kennel Club officially recognized the breed, and in 2006 the FCI published the official breed standard.
The French Spaniel’s lineage includes influence from the now-extinct Old Spanish Pointer and possibly the English Setter. Originating in France, the breeds development was pivotal in the evolution of many pointing breeds across Europe.
Despite their record going back to the 1600’s, it was only in 1821 that the breeds standard were first established, by James de Connick. Breeding was only really formalized after a crash in population due to lost interest in favor of other, imported sporting breeds.
As mentioned before, Father Fournier really started the wheels in motion for reviving the breed by introducing the first breeding club and promoting the French Spaniel across France.
Quick Facts About The French Spaniel
- Well-Balanced Size – The French Spaniel stands out with a well-proportioned frame. They are not the largest by mass within the spaniel breeds, but they hold a solid presence.
- Intelligent and Amiable – Renowned for their intelligence, French Spaniels are eager learners with a calm and loving personality. They are known for their loyalty and have a gentle nature, making them great with kids and other pets.
- Active and Skilled – With a history steeped in hunting and retrieving, French Spaniels are vivacious and skilful. They perform really well in activities that challenge both their mind and body, and they need this regular mental and physical exercise to stay healthy and well balanced.
- Distinctive Coat – The French Spaniel has a very charming dense, water-resistant coat, which provides excellent protection against the elements. Their coat is typically white with brown markings, easily recognized amongst the other French Spaniels – Brittany Spaniel, Picardy Spaniel and Blue Picardy Spaniel.
- Natural Hunters – Born with strong hunting instincts, they are proficient in pointing and retrieving. It’s their skill in this that made them so popular in the Middle Ages. With these well-rounded abilities, they can be excellent partners for outdoor adventures, particularly sporting activities or competitions. They have energy for days and a strong prey drive, but this can be well managed with good training and socializing.
Characteristics Of The French Spaniel
The French Spaniel is often affectionately called the ‘Épagneul Français,’ which is its native name. As it is mostly known in France and Canada, this should come as no surprise. You might also hear it called the French Setter or Canadian Setter, but these are exactly the same breed. The dog was introduced and bred in Canada in the 1970’s but is still a French Spaniel. The ‘setter’ part of the name comes from its hunting heritage. This can be confusing but all these names are for exactly the same breed.
French Spaniel Puppies
French Spaniel litters typically consist of 4 to 6 puppies, and the new arrivals should be ready to join new families no earlier than about 8 weeks old. The cost of a French Spaniel puppy can vary depending on many factors including the lineage of the puppies and the reputation of the breeder.
However, as a guide, prices generally range from £500 to £600 for a well bred pup in the UK, or around $1500 to $2000 USD in the USA. In Canada you can expect to pay between $2000 to $4000 CAD with a higher local demand for the breed, but also more availability.
In a nutshell, French Spaniels are medium-sized dogs with a beautifully proportioned and muscular body. They typically stand between 21 to 25 inches tall at the shoulders, with weights ranging from 45 to 60 pounds. Males tend to be slightly larger than female dogs.
This breed does not possess the webbed feet of water-loving spaniels, but its strong legs and solid build make it adept at navigating various terrains. The French Spaniel’s expressive eyes and dignified frame contribute significantly to its noble bearing. It’s thick tapered tail and distinctive coat complete the charming look.
Male | Female | |
Height | 55 – 63 cm (22 – 25 in) | 54 – 61 cm (21 – 24 in) |
Weight | 50–60 pounds (23–27 kg) | 45–55 pounds (20–25 kg) |
The French Spaniel’s coat is one of its most distinctive features. Dense and flat to the body, except around the chest where it is a bit more wavy, and the backs of the legs which may be more feathered. The coat provides excellent protection from the elements and the brush it would encounter in the field. Not to warm and cumbersome, but dense enough to keep them protected.
Before selective breeding in the 19th Century, the French Spaniel would only be found in white with black markings. The modern breed standards now recognise only white & brown, or brown as the color, with either roan, spotted or patched markings. The shade of the brown markings can vary between dark livers to lighter tans.
French Spaniels have lots of great qualities and their gentle, friendly nature is amongst the best. They are highly sociable dogs and form strong bonds with their families. Their even temperament and patience make them particularly good with children and other pets too. They are affectionate, playful, adaptable and do very well with strangers too.
They are a delight to train, with a real eagerness to please and they take their lessons well. Keeping them entertained and active maintains their well balanced nature, and when they are well looked after they have one of the best temperaments going in a canine friend.
The typical lifespan of a French Spaniel is around 10 to 12 years, with proper care and diet. This is about average for a dog of it’s heritage and breeding.
Known Health Issues
Like many breeds, the French Spaniel may be susceptible to a few known health issues, such as:
Acral Mutilation and Analgesia – This neurological disorder causes insensitivity to pain in the extremities, leading French Spaniels to self-mutilate their paws and limbs unknowingly.
- Treatment – There is no cure for this condition, but managing it involves protective measures to prevent injury, regular inspections of the affected areas, and pain management strategies.
Hypothyroidism – This hormonal disorder caused by an underactive thyroid gland, leads to symptoms such as obesity, lethargy, skin conditions and hair loss.
- Treatment – Hypothyroidism is treatable with medication and diet management, often involving lifelong therapy and regular monitoring by a professional.
Hip Dysplasia – This condition is prevalent in French Spaniels, where the thighbone doesn’t fit properly into the hip joint.
- Treatment – Managing hip dysplasia includes weight control, regular exercise, and in some cases, surgery. Regular vet check-ups are crucial to diagnose and manage this condition early.
Ear Infections – Their floppy ears make French Spaniels susceptible to ear infections, which can be chronic if not managed properly.
- Treatment – Regular cleaning and where infection takes hold, antibiotics or antibacterial medication may be required.
Eye Conditions – French Spaniels may develop eye issues such as entropion or retinal diseases, which can affect their vision.
- Treatment – Eye conditions often require surgical interventions or medication depending on severity. Routine eye exams are recommended to catch issues early.
Daily Life with A French Spaniel
Now that we’ve covered the different characteristics of a French Spaniel, let’s take a look at what daily life with one of these energetic and loving dogs looks like.
Food and Diet
French Spaniels, with their active and athletic lifestyle, need a high-quality diet that supports their energy needs. A formula blended for an active medium sized breed from a reputable dog food company will generally do. But just make sure the food isn’t stuffed with filler and lacking in vital nutrients.
An average, active adult should consume about two to three cups of premium dry kibble or an equivalent amount of nutritious wet food daily, divided into two or three meals. Adjustments should be made based on the dog’s activity level to prevent obesity.
Puppies, being more active and in a growth phase, need smaller and more frequent meals through the day to support their development. As dogs age, their dietary requirements also change, often needing less food with a different nutritional profile to maintain health. As they transition to old age, a good blend for senior dogs will provide the nutrition they need, but you might want to adjust portion size depending on how active the stay.
As a breed brimming with energy, French Spaniels need plenty of physical exercise to stay healthy and content. That doesn’t mean long walks several times a day, but I’m sure they would love you for that! Daily walks can be complemented by play sessions in the home, or in a backyard. If you don’t have a fenced yard, then you will need to make time for a couple of good daily walks.
They do enjoy interactive play sessions and really benefit from the mental stimulation. Activities like fetch, or hide-and-seek are favorites and can help them burn energy without a big effort on your part. Other engaging toys and games such as snuffle balls, can help keep their minds sharp and satisfy their instinctual hunting skills. They also do well with task related training like obedience and tracking.
It may be harder to give them ample exercise if you live in an apartment, but not impossible. They will adapt to apartment life reasonably well as long as they get plenty time outdoors and plenty of play.
I know by now I sound like the breed’s biggest fan, but you might struggle to find a more excellent family pet. French Spaniels are definitely amongst the most friendly and gentle. They bond strongly with all family members, with a capacity for great patience and kindness, making them a great dog for families with children. Their sociable personality also extends to other pets, and not just those that are introduced early. If you already have other dogs or cats, it won’t take long for them to get along and see everyone as a friend.
If you keep them engaged and involved in family activities they will deepen the familial bond, not just as pets but as beloved members of the family unit. They certainly do better with active families, or large families where everyone can contribute to their need for exercise and attention. But they are adaptable, so they fit well into various family settings.
French Spaniels are known for their intelligence and eagerness to please, making them highly trainable. It is best to start early though, particularly when it comes to obedience training so that, unless used in hunting, their prey drive can be well managed. They respond best to positive reinforcement techniques such as treats, praise and play. Consistency in commands and routines helps them learn effectively, though you may need to be patient at first. To keep them interested and keen, training sessions should be kept engaging and relatively short.
Early socialization and obedience training are really important for French Spaniels to develop into well-adjusted dogs. introducing them to various people, environments and situations from a young age helps prevent behavioral issues such as shyness or aggression. It also encourages their adaptable nature to develop.
Regular, positive interactions during puppyhood are key, so invite your friends round, and take your pup out to a public park where they can meet other dogs. Structured play dates are also a good way for young pups to visit to different places and get used to identifying friends. Ongoing socialization supports their growth into confident and sociable adult dogs.
They are a medium shedding breed, but despite this their coat isn’t particularly demanding. A weekly brush and regular bath will be plenty to keep them looking and smelling neat and tidy. Regular ear checks are also essential for the French Spaniel’s floppy ears though, to prevent infections or catch them early. They do also have pretty quick growing nails, and these should be checked regularly and trimmed as and when required.
Positive Traits | Negative Traits |
Very intelligent and adaptable | Medium shedders |
Friendly, amiable nature | Needs plenty physical and mental exercise |
Good with kids and other animals | Rare, hard to find a breeder outside of Canada or France |
Very trainable |
Are French spaniels good dogs?
They are an incredibly loving and adaptable breed, with lots of energy and intelligence. If you like active dogs, then they are a great breed to consider. They also get on very well with children and other pets too.
How long do French spaniels live?
You can expect a French Spaniel to live between 10 to 12 years, in good health. There are a few conditions that may effect the breed though, and you should seek out a breeder that can provide appropriate health certificates.
Overall, French Spaniels are a rare, loving breed, who do best in an engaging and caring environment. They are not a stubborn or independent breed and should be suitable for owners of all experience levels, as longs as you can provide plenty time, training and activity.
They are a great choice for families and hunting enthusiasts alike, that can provide plenty of activity to keep their keen bodies and minds in tip top shape. With their gentle temperament they integrate well into various family settings and get along very with children and other pets. Could you ask for any more in a dog?
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Lesson 6: Planning a Summer Work Experience
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Name(s) of student(s):
Age and grade level:
Goal from IEP connected to lesson:
Objective from IEP connected to lesson:
Purpose of lesson: Discuss and research summer work experience possibilities regarding transportation.
Materials needed: Preferred note taking device
“Last session, we discussed seeking input from mentors already working in your field of interest. Now, we’ll talk about any responses you’ve received from your mentor emails and get started planning for a summer work experience.”
Discussion: Responses from Mentors
Discuss responses, if any, from the mentor emails. Ask if students have additional inquiries.
Discussion: Summer Work Experience
“Looking at your career action plan, I see your next step is obtaining summer work experience to gain skills and earn an income. Let’s begin the discussion and planning.”
Facilitate lesson with a question such as, “Suppose you work part-time, about 12 hours a week, this summer as a _________ (job related to a student’s career field) and you make $8.00 an hour, which works out to earning about $800 after two months. How might you spend or save this money? How would it feel to earn your own money?”
Together, consider the benefits of work experience. Some examples: An increase in career-specific knowledge; firsthand understanding of work-related expectations; gaining skills that can build a resume and meeting people who can provide references; increasing self-confidence as the student recognizes his or her skills and potential; income; learning and practicing social skills; personal growth through job successes and challenges.
Exercise: Setting Work Experience Goals and Expectations
Assist students in generating work experience goals and expectations. Ask students what they hope to gain from the experience. Ask them to describe what they hope to achieve and what the experience will be like. Make a list of realistic goals and expectations for a summer work experience.
Exercise: Brainstorming Opportunities
Have students brainstorm entry-level employment opportunities relating to their careers of interest and current goals/expectations. Consider local businesses and entrepreneurs and “neighborhood jobs” such as babysitting. Have students think about how they might use their social networks to find job leads or seek referrals.
Questions to consider: Do you know anyone working in your field of interest or a related field? How can you find out? Maybe someone in your network knows someone in your field of interest. How can you find out? If paid work experience is not an option, have students consider volunteer work at non-profits, cultural institutions, or small businesses. Have students record two lists: opportunities and people to contact.
Discussion: The Importance of Transportation
Emphasize the importance of considering location and transportation whenever students seek work experience or a job. Reliable, affordable transportation is critical in order to get hired and keep employment.
Exercise: Transportation Options
Review all brainstormed employment possibilities while taking transportation into account. Are any opportunities within walking distance of your home? Which prospects are accessible by bus route? Are paratransit services available? If so, what is the cost? Is taxi-sharing a possibility? Can students carpool, compensating the driver accordingly?
Discussion: Consider Preparation
Ask students if they feel prepared to work part-time this summer. What are the elements of employment that you are confident about? What are the elements that you’re worried or concerned about? How can you begin preparing so you feel ready to work when the summer comes?
“Today we discussed the value of a summer job and brainstormed employment possibilities and transportation options. Next time we will create something called a personal data sheet, which is a form that will help you complete job applications.”
Progress notes, data collection, comments, modifications:
Next steps/lesson: Creating a personal data sheet.
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Many different sounds have the same pitch - you can play the same melody with a flute or with a clarinet or with a horn. Here, you can hear the same melody played on three computer-generated instruments.
The melodies in these examples share the same sequence of pitches, and have about the same sound level. The property of sounds that is different between them is called 'timbre' - the timbre of the flute is different from that of the clarinet and from that of the horn.
Here are the spectra of the three versions:
Note the large differences between the spectra, as well as the similarities. The sequence of pitches is to a large extent apparent in the line of the fundamental (the lowest red band). However, the number and relative strengths of the higher harmonics vary substantially between the three instruments, resulting in their unique timbre.
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Children are one
of the joys of life that we ask
Allah to grant us:
·Wealth and sons are allurements of the life of this world-
those who pray, "Our Lord! Grant unto us wives and offspring who
will be the comfort of our eyes, and give us (the grace) to lead the
righteous." (Al-Furqan 25:74)
Children are the delight of our
hearts in their childhood, our companions and comfort in our old age, and
the only source ofdu`aa' in
our graves; all in all, they are the means by which we earn the fruits of
this life and the reward of the hereafter. The adult of today was the
child of yesterday, and the child of today is the adult of tomorrow.
Islam is the most just way of life, in which the rights of
each soul are granted.
Children, according to Islam, are
entitled to various rights.
righteous wife to be a righteous mother.
·The first and foremost of these rights is the
right to be properly brought up, raised and educated.
·Upon their birth,
children have all of their rights automatically in effect: feeding, Clothing,
·It is Sunnah
(recommended) to do tahneek for the child when he is
·It is Sunnah to
shave the child’s head on the seventh day and to give the weight of the
silver in charity.
·It is mustahabb for
the father to do the ‘aqeeqah. -“Every child is in pledge for his
‘aqeeqah.” Two sheep should be sacrificed for a boy and one for a
· Parents must take care of teaching their
children the duties of Islam and other virtues
are recommended in sharee’ah, and worldly matters that they need in order
to live a decent life in this world and give their children training
in good manners and characteristics:
·Another of the
greatest rights is to give the child a good upbringing and take good care
of him or her – especially in the case of girls. The Messenger of
Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) encouraged this
right is treating children fairly.
- Saheeh hadeeth (authentic narration):
“Fear Allaah and treat your children fairly.” (Narrated by al-Bukhaari,
2447; Muslim, 1623).
·Also, the Prophet advised us to give each child a name with
a good meaning.
such as ‘Abd-Allaah or ‘Abd al-Rahmaan
·The Qur'an also states that children have the right to
inherit from the day of their birth.
·Parents are recommended to provide adequately for children
·Children have the right to be fed, clothed, and protected
until they reach adulthood.
·Children must have the respect, to enjoy love and affection
from their parents.
· Children have the
right to be treated equally, vis-a-vis their siblings in terms of
Muslims who fear Allah in
their heart and are keen to earn His satisfaction should treat their
children equally, not favoring one over the
others, in spending, treatment, and giving gifts to them.
A tradition reports:
·It is narrated by Abu Bakr, RAA, who said that Allah's Apostle,
PBUH, was approached by one of his companions, al-N'uman bin Basheer, who
said: "O Prophet of Allah! I have granted a servant to one of my
children (asking him to testify to that gift)." But Allah's PBUH
asked him:"Did you
grant the same to each and every child of yours?"When Allah's Apostle, PBUH was
informed negatively about that, he said:"Fear Allah, the
Almighty, and be fair and just to all your children. Seek the testimony
of another person, other than me. I will not testify to an act of
Hadith is reported by both Bukhari and Muslim. Thus, Allah's Apostle,
PBUH called such an act of preference of one child over the others an act
of "injustice." Injustice is prohibited and forbidden in Islam
·Prophet Muhammad was reported as saying: "Be fair and
just in terms of the gifts you offer your children. If I was to give
preference to any (gender over the other) I would have preferred females
over males (in terms of giving gifts)." Imam Baihaqi
·Children have the right to education. A saying
attributed to Muhammad relates:"A father gives his child nothing
better than a good education. - "Hadith collected by Tirmidhi and Al-Bayhaqi.
·He is not one of us who does not have mercy for children and
respect for our seniors. (At-Tirmidhi)
·It is reported that Al-Aqra' ibn Habis saw Allah's Messenger
kissing his grandchild and said to the Prophet, "I have ten
children, but I have never kissed any one of them." The Prophet
said, "He who does not show mercy (towards his children), no mercy
would be shown to him" (Al-Bukhari).
·Also, a Bedouin man asked the Prophet, "Do you kiss
your sons?" The Prophet replied, "Yes." The Bedouin said,
"We do not." The Prophet said to him, "What can I do for
you if Allah has removed mercy from your heart?" (Al-Bukhari).
·Prophet Muhammad said, "The best penny a man spends is
that on his children, on his camel for the sake of Allah, and on his
friends for the sake of Allah."
·Even in cases of divorce, fathers are asked to be fully
responsible for their children regarding food, clothing, schooling, and
health expenses according to the father's standard of life.
·[Let the man of means spend according to his means: and the men
whose resources are restricted, let him spend according to what Allah has
given him. Allah puts no burden on any person beyond what He has given
him. After a difficulty, Allah will soon grant relief.} (At-Talaq
·Umar in a Sunni tradition summed up some of the
rights of children in the following anecdote:
One day a man came to Umar ibn al-Khattab to complain of a
disobedient son. So Umar had brought the boy to him and he blamed him for
his disobedience. Then the boy addressed Umar by saying "O Commander
of the faithful: Are there no rights for a boy against his father?” Umar
said "Yes". Then the boy said "What are these rights O
Commander of the Faithful?" Umar said, "To choose a good mother
for him, to select a good name to him and to teach him the Quran"
Then the boy said: "O Commander of the faithful; my father has not
accomplished any of these rights. As for my mother, she was a black slave
for a Magian; As for my name, he has named me Jual (beetle); and he has
not taught me even one letter from the Quran". Then Umar turned
round to the man and said "You came to me complaining disobedience
on the part of your son, whereas you have not given him his rights. So
you have made mistakes against him before he has made mistakes against
Children are a trust given
to the parents. Parents have responsibilities towards their children, and
they stand accountable for these responsibilities. Children are a blessing from Allah and to thank Allah for such a
blessing, parents should fulfill the duties Allah prescribed on them
towards their children. If parents fulfill this responsibility,
they will be free of the consequences on the Day of Judgment. The children
will become better citizens and a pleasure to the eyes of their parents,
first in this world and lastly in Jannat.
·Islam and Children by Wikipedia
of Children and Parents in Islam by
Rights of Children in Islam BY Sheikh-Al-Uthaymeen
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The Importance Of Cross-Platform Software Development
Audio description available
Cross-platform software development is gaining more attention in the software industry and is gradually becoming an essential part of our lives. Successfully developed applications can help increase revenue and save companies’ resources. This article aims to provide more insights into cross-platform software development and its benefits to businesses.
Cross-platform software development definition
According to Techterm, cross-platform software is software that can run on multiple platforms.
There are two types of cross-platform software. Some applications require a separate build for different platforms, while others can run directly on any platform without the need for further setup. The second type is usually written in an interpreted language.
This term might be complex for first-time listeners, but we can easily find its application in reality. For example, in Web Browser, we have Google Chrome, Firefox; in Video player platforms, there are VLC, MPV, and SMPlayer; in Image Process, Gimp, and ImageJ are two cross-platform software applications. Another example is Microsoft Office. Since this software can be installed and used on different platforms, such as Android, iOS, Windows, and macOS, it can be considered successful cross-platform software.
Similar to the definition above, cross-platform software development refers to the process of creating software applications compatible with different operating systems using a single codebase. It enables developers to create products that can be used by a larger audience, without having to write separate code bases for each platform.
Popular Frameworks for Cross-Platform Software Development
Several frameworks facilitate cross-platform software development, such as:
Flutter, an open-source software development kit (SDK) created by Google, empowers developers to build mobile apps for both Android and iOS platforms from a single codebase. The standout feature of this approach is its use of Dart, a programming language uniquely tailored for Flutter. With Dart's object-oriented nature, Flutter becomes an ideal and efficient solution for mobile app development.
Benefits of cross-platform software development
Reduce development time and cost
Firstly, cross-platform software development allows developers to write a single codebase and deploy it across multiple platforms, which is cost-effective and time-saving compared to writing separate codebases for each platform. This way of developing software can also help streamline the development process by empowering developers to focus on building the core features of the application rather than worrying about platform-specific details. That means developers can reuse code for different platforms, saving time and reducing development costs.
Increase market reach
Secondly, developers can run cross-platform applications on multiple platforms, (including desktop, mobile, and web), which increases the reach and accessibility of the application to a wider audience. Reducing the time and cost of development enables businesses to bring products to market more quickly. Additionally, developing a single codebase for multiple platforms reduces the time needed to introduce new features and updates to the market.
Faster updates and maintenance
The third benefit of cross-platform software development is that it enables developers to update and maintain the application on various platforms simultaneously. This can minimize the time and effort needed for maintenance and updates. It can also foster development cycles by allowing developers to build and test the application on a number of platforms at the same time. This feature helps identify bugs and fix issues more quickly.
Consistent user experience
Moreover, developers can create a steady user interface that looks and behaves the same across different platforms, which maintains a consistent brand identity and provides a seamless user experience for their customers. Since all the business platforms have uniform designs, users can expect the same features and capabilities regardless of the platforms, building brand loyalty and increasing customer retention.
Improved collaboration and communication
Last but not least, developers of different platforms have the chance to access the same tools thanks to the shared codes and services of cross-platform software features. This is to ensure every team member is on the same page and working towards the same goal. Furthermore, cross-platform software development can make it easier to provide feedback and testing across different platforms, which can improve communication and collaboration among developers.
Applications and Use Cases of Cross-Platform Software Development
When making your decision about the most suitable development method, take into account features, time requirements, system integration, scalability, and cost. Cross-platform software development proves to be an excellent choice for numerous use cases across various industries, including:
Cross-platform development is a popular choice for startups looking to reach a broader customer base quickly. Its cost-effectiveness and time efficiency align well with startups' resource constraints.
For projects with extended development periods, cross-platform software development offers a stable and cost-effective solution.
Mobile App Development
In today's diverse smartphone industry, where various operating systems exist, cross-platform development meets the growing demand for applications that function across different platforms.
Cross-platform software development has brought about a revolution in application creation and deployment, providing businesses with cost-effectiveness, expanded market reach, and consistent user experiences. Leveraging the power of cross-platform software enables businesses to accelerate development cycles and streamline updates, making it an appealing choice for startups, long-term projects, and mobile app development. This approach ushers in an era of efficiency and versatility in the software industry. Embracing the potential of cross-platform development undoubtedly paves the way for innovation and business growth in the ever-evolving technology landscape.
At Bac Ha Software, we are proud to be one of the top software companies that offers flexible and creative cross-platform software development for businesses in different industries. With a team of experienced experts, we can offer you the optimum software solutions corresponding to your objectives. Contact us today for more insights about your upcoming project’s development methods.
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When my daughter was in grade school, I volunteered as a Junior Achievement Coach to teach the second-grade class the difference between Wants and Needs. We learned that a brand-new video game was a WANT and not a NEED, whereas food, was a NEED and not just a WANT. It seemed pretty straightforward. A good lesson taught to a great group of bright shining stars.
Fast forward nearly twenty years (yes, I am that old), and I find myself reflecting on that lesson. Not so much in the context of choosing between a new video game or food, but more as it relates to the use of my time.
Let me ask you a question, do you spend your day doing what you WANT to do, or what you NEED to do? Do you fill your waking hours taking care of everyone else’s needs without spending time taking care of your own?
As women, we have a curious bias toward making sure everyone else is taken care of, but we are often not great at taking care of ourselves. We have been taught that if we focus too much on ourselves, we are selfish, or self-centered, or self-serving.
We have been taught wrong.
Focusing on ourselves is not selfish or self-centered. It is critical to our overall health. Self-care is an antidote to stress, and it helps us cope better with day-to-day challenges.
Plus, remember that old saying, “if Momma’s happy, everybody’s happy!!" There’s real wisdom in that saying. Taking time to care for ourselves makes us better caregivers, and often brings greater happiness to the whole family. It’s a win/win.
No matter what phase of life you are in, it is important to give yourself time for self-care each day so that you can maintain (or improve) your overall wellness. It doesn’t have to be complicated; it just has to be focused on YOU and no one else.
As a former Junior Achievement Coach, teaching the difference between Wants and Needs, I can say with certainty that Self-care is a NEED and not a WANT.
Here’s list of some ideas:
- Put your phone down. Commit to not picking it up for 3-4 hrs every day.
- Get outside and take a walk.
- Spend time with positive people – not Debbie Downers.
- Stop all negative self-talk. Speak to yourself in the same way you would speak to your Bestie.
- Do something creative – paint, sing, write, or whatever makes you smile.
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The Science of Microneedling
Microneedling is a cosmetic procedure that involves the use of small needles to create tiny punctures on the skin’s surface. These controlled micro-injuries stimulate the skin’s natural healing process, promoting the production of collagen and elastin.
Collagen and elastin are essential proteins that maintain the skin’s firmness, elasticity, and youthful appearance. As we age, our bodies produce less collagen and elastin, leading to wrinkles, fine lines, and sagging skin.
Through the process of microneedling, the body is prompted to increase collagen and elastin production, which helps to improve skin texture, reduce the appearance of scars, and diminish fine lines and wrinkles.
Additionally, microneedling enhances the absorption of skincare products by creating micro-channels that allow them to penetrate deeper into the skin, increasing their effectiveness.
Overall, microneedling is a safe and effective procedure that can lead to significant improvements in skin texture, tone, and overall appearance with minimal downtime.
Microneedling has gained popularity in major cities around the world as a non-invasive treatment for various skin concerns, from aging signs to acne scars. The science behind microneedling demonstrates its ability to rejuvenate the skin naturally, making it a preferred choice for many seeking a youthful and radiant complexion.
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What is Mise en Scène? In your everyday life, you only see the scenes that play out before you in film. You are exposed to literal narrative, and as such you can only glean so much information about how the content is presented to you. But there is more to it than that. Sometimes storytellers want you to draw specific conclusions from the actions of the characters and notice how those actions are framed by the camera. This is when people refer to a film’s Mise en Scène – or “placing on stage“.
What is mise en scène?
Mise en scène is a French term that means “setting in place.” It refers to the creation of a scene or film, which includes the physical setting, costumes, props, and lighting. In other words, mise en scène refers to everything that is part of the background of a film and what happens within it.
Mise en scène is all about storytelling. It’s about creating an atmosphere for your characters and audience so that they can fully immerse themselves in a scene or story. In order to achieve this level of immersion, you want all aspects of your mise en scène to contribute towards telling your story.
How to define mise en scène in film?
The French term mise en scène refers to the arrangement of actors and objects on a stage or set. The director uses this technique to create mood, develop character and advance the plot of the film.
Actors in a film are often placed in order to create a sense of realism or fantasy. For example, if an actor is placed next to a mirror, it suggests that they are looking at their own reflection rather than interacting with another person. This creates a sense of isolation and loneliness within the character.
The camera angles used in films can also contribute to the mise en scène. For example, if a shot is taken from above or below eye level, it suggests that the character has less power than if they were filmed at eye level with other characters or objects around them. This allows filmmakers to manipulate our perception of characters by controlling how they’re filmed relative to one another and their environment.
In addition to camera angles and placement of actors, props can be used as part of the mise en scène as well. Props can include anything from cars to trees; anything that’s not an actor or person can be considered part of the mise en scène because it helps create an environment for storytellers to tell their.
6 Components of Mise en Scène in
The Mise en Scène is one of the most important aspects of a film. It is the composition of the frame and all of its elements. The mise en scène is made up of six elements:
In the film, the shot is composed to include all the elements that are necessary for telling the story in a way that’s appealing to the audience. The composition is like a puzzle with pieces that must fit together to create an image that makes sense.
The setting of a film is the background of the story. It includes everything that can be seen on the screen, including props, costumes, and scenery. In many cases, the setting is the actual location where the scene was shot. In other cases, it’s a set built specifically for filming.
A prop is any object used by actors in a film or television show to help tell their part of the story. Props can be as simple as a chair or as complex as an entire spaceship. Props help make scenes more realistic for viewers and add depth to the characters.
Actors play a crucial role in creating mise en scène because they move within the frame and interact with other objects or people in the scene. They also provide another layer of meaning beyond what you see on screens, such as an emotional reaction or physical gesture that adds depth to your story’s theme or plot development.
The clothes worn by actors are known as costumes, and they’re an important part of film production because they help establish who each character is and what role they’ll play in the storyline. Costumes also help audiences identify which time period and location a movie takes place in based on what people are wearing at that time.
Lighting is a crucial component of mise en scène. Lighting can create mood and atmosphere and guide the audience’s eye through the shot. Controlling lighting can also help direct attention to specific elements in the frame.
Lighting is used to reveal or conceal elements in the frame. For example, if there are two characters in a scene, one character may be lit brightly while the other is in shadow to emphasize their differences. This technique can also be used to highlight an element that is important to the story or theme of a film.
Who Determines Mise en Scène in Film Production?
The mise en scène is the way in which a movie is shot. It includes all of the elements that are used to tell the story. The director has control over every aspect of the film’s mise en scène, but other people may have input as well.
The Production Designer
A production designer is responsible for creating the physical environment in which the story takes place. She creates sets that look like real places, such as houses or offices and props that look like real objects. These sets and props become part of the mise en scène because they help tell the story by creating a believable world for the characters to inhabit.
The cinematographer is responsible for creating a visual style that is appropriate for each scene. He may use different camera angles, lighting techniques, or lenses depending on what he wants viewers to see in each scene and how he wants them to feel about it.
The Director of Photography
A director of photography (DP) is someone who works closely with a cinematographer on set during filming. The DP helps determine how each shot should look and makes sure that everything goes according to plan on set during filming.
Who is considered the first master of the technique of mise en Scéne?
Constantin Stanislavsky was the first master of the technique of mise en Scéne. He is best known for his system of acting training, known as The Stanislavsky System or method acting. He was born on January 17th, 1863 in Moscow, Russia, and died on August 14th, 1938 in Moscow, Russia. He was a Russian actor and director who helped to develop the ‘system’ of acting training known as ‘method acting’ or ‘methodology’, which became popular in the United States during the 1950s and 1960s.
He was also a playwright, theater director, and teacher who developed an approach to acting that was rooted in psychological realism. This approach included techniques such as emotional memory, sense memory (using your real senses in rehearsal), and relaxation exercises designed to release inhibitions about one’s true self.
The method’s biggest proponent was Lee Strasberg who taught at The Actors Studio from 1951 until his death in 1982. Strasberg’s students included Marlon Brando, James Dean, Marilyn Monroe, and Julie Harris among others. In June 1955 Strasberg opened The Lee Strasberg Theatre & Film Institute which today offers classes in film directing as well as acting and performance studies at its West.
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Pop music is a genre of popular music that originated in the 1950s and encompasses a wide range of styles and sub-genres. The term “pop music” is derived from the word “popular,” which refers to music that is widely accepted and enjoyed by the general public.
Pop music is characterized by its simple and catchy melodies, upbeat rhythms, and accessible lyrics. The genre has a strong focus on commercial success and is often influenced by current trends and cultural phenomena. Pop music often incorporates elements from other musical genres, such as rock, R&B, hip-hop, and electronic dance music, making it a genre that is highly adaptable and constantly evolving.
Rock music, on the other hand, is a genre of popular music that originated in the mid-1950s and is characterized by its heavy use of electric guitars, bass, and drums. Rock music often has a rebellious and counter-cultural image, and its lyrics often address social and political issues. Unlike pop music, rock music often has a more complex musical structure, with longer songs and extended instrumental sections.
Despite these differences, pop and rock music often intersect and influence each other. Many pop artists, for example, have incorporated elements of rock music into their sound, and many rock bands have also incorporated elements of pop into their music.
In conclusion, pop music is called “pop music” because of its association with popular culture and its focus on commercial success. It is differentiated from rock music by its simpler and more accessible musical style and its focus on upbeat rhythms and catchy melodies. However, the lines between the two genres are often blurred, and the two genres have a strong influence on each other.
Source: Oxford Music Online, “Pop Music” and “Rock Music.”
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Over the course of history, there have been three industrial revolutions that completely transformed society. The first, which began in the 1700s, was sparked by the invention of the steam engine, which was used to mechanize production. The second took place in the late 1800s and was defined by the emergence of electric power, which was used for mass production. The third industrial revolution occurred as a result of the introduction of digital technologies and the internet.
Each of these industrial revolutions has left its mark on society. Now, experts believe that a fourth industrial revolution is right around the corner, and it’s largely due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Experts predict that this revolution will be driven by the widespread adoption of two new technologies: augmented reality and virtual reality.
What Are Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality Technologies?
It’s important to have a basic understanding of augmented and virtual reality technology before learning how they could spur the next industrial revolution.
Augmented and virtual reality are two types of extended reality technologies, which are technologies used to enhance the senses. But the two technologies provide very different experiences.
Virtual reality technology transports users to simulated worlds where they can move around and interact with their surroundings. This technology blocks out the real world so users can completely immerse themselves in the simulated environment. Users typically need a virtual reality headset such as an Oculus or HTC Vive to experience virtual reality technology.
Augmented reality, on the other hand, does not completely block out the real world. Instead, it combines elements of the digital world with the user’s real world. It allows users to superimpose digital elements such as images, videos, and sounds onto their real world environment. Unlike virtual reality, augmented reality typically does not require the use of a special headset.
How the COVID-19 Pandemic Changed the Way People Work
The COVID-19 pandemic changed many aspects of day-to-day life, including the way people work. Many offices and workplaces were forced to temporarily close as a result of COVID-19 stay-at-home orders. This left employers with no other choice but to let their employees work remotely until they could return to the workplace.
Prior to the pandemic, only one in five employees worked from home some or all of the time. But now, 71% of workers are working from home all or most of the time.
Although the coronavirus pandemic will eventually come to an end, many people hope that remote working is here to stay. In fact, more than half of the workforce hopes that they can continue to work remotely once the pandemic has been resolved.
Remote work benefits both employees and employers. It provides employees with flexibility and gives employers the chance to save money on operating costs. Because it is a win-win situation, many employers may be happy to let their employees continue working from home in the future.
This shift to remote work could completely transform the business world and increase demand for augmented and virtual reality technology.
How Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality Could Make Remote Work Easier
It was easy for some people to start working remotely during the COVID-19 pandemic. But shifting to remote work was impossible for other people who work in the field, one-on-one with customers or patients, or in industrial occupations. Performing their job duties remotely was not a possibility in the past.
But now, augmented and virtual reality can help people in these professions perform their work from any location. Not only will this change the way people work, but it could also change the way in which businesses operate, leading to a massive industrial revolution.
The Industrial Applications of Augmented and Virtual Reality
There are many different industrial applications of augmented and virtual reality technologies, including:
- Virtual/Interactive Demos
- Remote Support
- Remote Meetings and Conferences
- Product Design
Businesses can now provide virtual, interactive demos to consumers and third party partners using virtual reality technology. This gives consumers and third party partners the opportunity to test out new products without ever seeing it in person. The experience will be just like an in-person demo with one exception: it will take place in a simulated environment.
Both augmented and virtual reality technology have revolutionized the way in which businesses and schools train their employees and students.
For example, aspiring surgeons and nurses practice everything from needle placement to neurosurgery on augmented reality models. This allows them to practice in a safe environment where mistakes will not have serious consequences.
Augmented and virtual reality technologies are also used to train employees in the automotive industry. Some assembly line workers are now trained on how to put together different parts of a vehicle in a simulated environment.
Pilots train in a simulated environment created by virtual reality technology, too. This gives pilots the opportunity to practice what they would do in certain emergency situations.
These technologies have even been embraced by law enforcement agencies, who use it to train personnel on how to make good judgment calls in stressful simulated situations.
All of these training sessions can take place remotely, which is a major change that the new industrial revolution will bring.
In the past, it was impossible to provide certain types of support to employees or customers from afar. For instance, an automotive technician typically cannot diagnose an issue with a customer’s car without inspecting the car in-person. An IT professional usually cannot help an employee troubleshoot an issue without running diagnostic tests on the computer in-person. But augmented reality technology makes it possible to provide remote support in situations like these.
For example, if a customer has a problem with their vehicle, they can get remote support from an experienced automotive technician. The technician can use augmented reality technology to project instructions or highlight certain components of the vehicle into the customer’s field of view. This way, the technician can guide the customer through each step of the process of making simple repairs on their own.
An employee who is having trouble connecting to the company network can now receive remote assistance from an IT support representative. Just like the automotive technician, the IT support representative can guide the employee through the process of addressing their issue.
These are just two examples of how augmented reality technology can be used to provide remote assistance to employees and customers.
Remote Meetings and Conferences
Remote teams can participate in audio or video conferences using services like Zoom or Skype. But virtual reality technology offers a better way for remote workers to meet and collaborate with one another.
Remote workers can use virtual reality technology to attend virtual meetings and conferences with their co-workers. This technology can transport them to a simulated conference or meeting room where they will be able to see their virtual co-workers, write on a virtual markerboard, and sit at a virtual conference table.
This technology will make them feel as if they are actually in the same physical location as their co-workers, so it can satisfy their need for face-to-face time. It will also create a welcoming environment where remote workers may feel more comfortable sharing ideas, voicing concerns, and working together just as they would in a real office.
Thanks to virtual reality technology, engineers can remotely collaborate on the design of new products. In the automotive industry, for example, some manufacturers are now building virtual models of new designs instead of creating clay prototypes. Every member of the design team can access and make changes to the virtual model. As a result, an engineering team can create and finalize a design without ever touching a physical model of the vehicle or being in the same room with one another.
Being able to remotely collaborate on virtual models isn’t the only benefit of using virtual reality technology to design new products. Building a virtual model is far less expensive than building multiple clay prototypes. It also allows the engineering team to make changes more quickly so they can finalize the design and get the product in the market as soon as possible.
How to Prepare for the Augmented and Virtual Reality Industrial Revolution
Businesses must start preparing for the upcoming augmented and virtual reality industrial revolution. Here’s how:
- Budget accordingly. Businesses may need to invest in headsets or other extended reality accessories for their employees. Each headset should cost about the same as a laptop, so it’s important to factor this into budgets over the next several years.
- Find the right team. Businesses may need to hire programmers with experience building augmented and virtual reality platforms. These programmers can ensure your augmented and virtual reality platform is designed with all of the unique features you need to reach your business goals.
- Expect a learning curve. It’s not hard to use augmented and virtual reality technology, but businesses should still be prepared to provide training to employees. Some employees may catch on faster than others, so businesses should be prepared to provide additional assistance to employees if necessary.
Taking these steps now will ensure your business is ready for the changes that the augmented and virtual reality industrial revolution may bring.
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In The Age of Noise in Britain: Hearing Modernity, James G. Mansell considers how modernity became manifested in aural form through the growth of mechanised society between 1914 and 1945. Exploring the emergence of this ‘age of noise’ through such themes as subjectivity, spiritualism, nationhood and the state, this book is a welcome redress to historical studies based on textual and visual enquiry and underscores the relationship between sound and power, finds Syamala Roberts.
The Age of Noise in Britain: Hearing Modernity. James G. Mansell. University of Illinois Press. 2017.
The twentieth century in Britain saw the arrival of gramophones, motor traffic, aeroplanes and the mechanisation of labour – all ‘the clash and clatter of urban and industrial life’ (1) that, in all its chaos, seemed only to signal meaninglessness. James Mansell’s historiographical approach in The Age of Noise in Britain: Hearing Modernity is to consider sound not as a product or representative of the modern age to be analysed like visual culture or the moving image, but as ‘modernity manifested in audible form’ (1).
Mansell has written extensively and curated exhibitions on the cultural history of sound and hearing and on spiritualist movements such as Theosophy. At the time of writing, there is a programme available on BBC iPlayer in which he discusses his latest work. In this book, Mansell argues for an ‘age of noise’ in Britain, bookended by the two World Wars, during which noise was variously associated with nervousness, the constitution or disruption of subjectivity and selfhood, spiritualism, the power of the state and nationhood. In an echo of John Berger’s famous ‘ways of seeing’ (1972), Mansell posits ‘ways of hearing’ (183), arguing that hearing and listening are far from passive experiences or immune to ideology. The attempts to order and manipulate hearing in the first half of the twentieth century form the subject of this study.
In the first decades of the twentieth century, many figures railed against the intrusion of noise in public life, including Dan McKenzie (City of Din: A Tirade against Noise) and agitators of the anti-noise campaigns. The Cambridge psychologist F. C. Bartlett wrote in The Problem of Noise (1934) that ‘sound, like love, laughs at locksmiths’ (118), identifying the threat it poses to the separation of the public and private spheres. Kant had also observed this in his Critique of Judgement (1790): music ‘extends its influence further than desired (in the neighbourhood), and so as it were obtrudes itself, and does violence to the freedom of others who are not of the musical company’. For this reason, he held music to be the lowest art form; it is, incidentally, one of the most popular (‘vulgar’, in the original sense) cultural products today.
Image Credit: (Rhonda CC BY SA 2.0)
The critique of noise was largely due to its association with nervousness and disturbance. Modernity itself was taken as synonymous with nervousness, and indeed the discourse of shock and distraction in modern (specifically urban) life is familiar from the writings of Georg Simmel and Walter Benjamin. But even Simmel, in his famous essay ‘The Metropolis and Mental Life’, contrasted city life with the ‘slower, more habitual, more smoothly flowing rhythm of the sensory-mental phase of small town and rural existence’. In the crisis of nerves, metaphors of rhythm, vibration and harmony were especially prominent. The US neurologist George M. Beard theorised that the noise of modernity was unrhythmical and disturbed the body, unlike natural sounds (34). Terms of expenditure were also common, and fitted Beard’s idea that each individual had a fixed amount of nerve energy which could be spent or reserved (30). This chimed with Simmel’s notion of the Geldwirtschaft (money economy) of the modern city.
Mansell’s introduction and first chapter focus on the activities of the Anti-Noise League and other noise abatement movements, which figured noise as a disease: a pathologisation of modernity. As he writes, ‘neurasthenia [nervous exhaustion] was a critique of modernity as much as it was a medical diagnosis’ (32): cause and effect were conflated. The condition’s threat to workers’ capacity for labour and the idea that nervous energy should be preserved as a patriotic duty were the first manifestations of the destructive potential of noise for the modern capitalist nation. This national rhetoric was only strengthened in the ‘total warfare’ of the Second World War.
The second chapter, ‘Re-Enchanting Modernity’, yields the most surprising conclusions for the non-specialist reader who might associate the age of noise with the rise of mechanised labour and the concomitant disenchantment of the world, as Max Weber argued. ‘Sound matters in modern history,’ wrote Jonathan Sterne in The Audible Past, pointing to the material elements of sound that were recorded, amplified and distributed over the course of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. In early twentieth-century Britain, however, mainstream science was attacked as too materialist by movements of occult spiritualism, such as the Theosophists. Unlike the anti-noise agitators, these practitioners advocated the harnessing of ‘vibratory influences’ (71) to attain a self in harmony with the world. Mechanical noise was still problematic because it threatened self-realisation, but certain forms of music and abstract art were held to have a good effect on the nerves. Kandinsky’s treatise Concerning the Spiritual in Art (1911) was influenced by Theosophy, which was founded in New York in 1875. Annie Besant led the movement from Madras, India, after she became president in 1908. In Britain, its figurehead was Maud MacCarthy, the ethnomusicologist, expert on Indian music and occultist who had studied with Besant. MacCarthy set up devotional concerts on Sunday mornings and a Brotherhood of Arts, Crafts and Industries, based on medieval guilds and intended to be ‘temples of magical sound’. Chapter Two is especially successful in exposing the tension and slippage between the spiritual and the secular in this period of cultural transition.
Mansell then turns to the political aspects of sound in early-twentieth-century Britain. The state intervened in two everyday soundscapes – the workplace and the home – and state filmmakers searched for the most adequate ways of representing and promoting these. One key priority was to bring the human body into harmony with the machine to counter the negative image of mechanisation. Thus, industrial psychologists began to figure ‘nervousness’ as a mental rather than physical condition, and claimed that industrial work shared a rhythm with the collective, social self which manual workers entered into. ‘Brain workers’, however, retained a personal, interior selfhood with its own rhythm, which could easily be disturbed by the pulse of industry. This led to a gendering of the noise-sufferer (female secretaries at the typewriter vs. male ‘brain workers’ who needed peace and quiet).
Sound was also increasingly co-opted into ‘the ideological work of nation building’ (149) during World War Two. In the face of Hitler’s ‘psychological war’ (172), it was imperative to stay calm in loud conditions and resist the fear of noisy aerial bombardment. It was, perhaps, a stereotypically British response: in the face of ‘a crisis of nervousness on the home front[,] stoical adaptation instead became the order of the day and the age-of-noise narrative faded as a consequence’ (182).
Mansell’s work is a welcome attempt to redress the visual and textual biases of modern historiography, and covers an area of past experience that is often assumed to be inaccessible. As a student of Modern Languages, I missed some reference to continental philosophy (Peter Szendy, for instance, who has written an excellent history of listening) and to German studies of vibration and rhythm (Michael Cowan is a figure to consult here). However, Mansell’s study usefully highlights the overlap between cultures of rationality and spirituality, and references some fascinating investigations, especially into the relationship between sound and power, if one wishes to pursue a Foucauldian line. Carolyn Birdsall’s Nazi Soundscapes and Susan Cusick’s work on isolation and the role of sound in the constitution of prisoner selfhoods (see her ‘Towards an Acoustemology of Detention in the “Global War on Terror”’ here) are two such examples. We would do well to remember that the aural sense is not free from ideology and coercion, and that studies of listening can yield conclusions that trouble the ideas suggested by visual and textual investigation.
Syamala Roberts is an MPhil student in European, Latin American and Comparative Literatures and Cultures at Jesus College, University of Cambridge. She has written on the role of listening in contemporary French philosophy, non-coercive totalities and music in Kafka and Adorno, representations of the city and the concentration camp, and is currently completing a thesis on Goethe, George Eliot and the notion of sympathy. In October 2017 she will begin doctoral research on music and sound in German literary modernism.
Note: This review gives the views of the author, and not the position of the LSE Review of Books blog, or of the London School of Economics.
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https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/lsereviewofbooks/2017/05/19/book-review-the-age-of-noise-in-britain-hearing-modernity-by-james-g-mansell/
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2024-10-11T11:05:31Z
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Intelligent Process automation or IPA is an amalgamation of several technologies that automates a clear and complete system of end to end business processes. IPA improvises automation and can make work more efficient, reduce costs, and provide better speed and experience in all fields.
Business leaders around the world are looking into IPA for that competitive edge in their businesses.
Here’s a look at the technologies that make intelligent process automation so promising:
Robotic Process Automation (RPA)
Robotic Process Automation (RPA) is the process of building and managing software robots that automate rule-based repetitive tasks. It does so without changing the core processes. These robots surpass human actions by communicating with digital solutions and softwares. These robots can do everything humans can on a screen but faster, more accurately and without needing to rest.
RPA simplifies workflow and helps organizations become more profitable and better organized. RPA is also responsible for employee satisfaction as all monotonous tasks can be done through RPA and employees can engage in more productive and creative tasks.
Robotic Process Automation is ideal for cases where legacy systems are involved.
RPA can be quickly implemented in order to boost the digital transformation of business processes.
Industries like insurance, finance, logistics, and legal can fasten their processes, improve response time and reduce human errors by using RPA to replace manual processes.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Analytics
Amidst the challenges of the global economy, an exceeding number of companies are finding that Robotic Process Automation merged with Artificial intelligence is the answer to put them on top of their potential game.
RPA mainly works with structured data, making it one of its limitations.
AI can help identify insights and non structured data and transform it into structured data.
RPA can then identify and understand it.
Advanced Analytic algorithms are used to recognize patterns in structured data and start predicting based on the inputs of their own.
Making machine learning and advanced analytics a transformative opportunity for different industries. Advanced analytics are already being heavily used in the HR field to assess and predict contenders.
AI powered automation and Robotic Process Automation combined together, can provide a workforce that never tires and makes less mistakes compared to manual workers. Hence, empowering organizations around the world to function immaculately.
Business Process Management (BPA)
Business process management (BPM) is an end to end method that works to discover, analyze, improve and optimize a business strategy process. Unlike task management, BPM focuses on an end to end process. And unlike project management, BPM focuses on repeatable business processes.
With the help of advanced analytics, business process management streamlines processes and can automate repetitive tasks, leading to saved time and resources. According to Gartner, BPM is the second most applied technology while implementing automation in a business.
By merging BPM with Intelligent Process Automation, businesses can achieve an advanced level of processes. Some of the benefits are:
Superior integration with other tools (cloud technology)
User-friendly low-code tools for citizen developers
Ability to integrate with the Internet of Things (IoT)
Easy to use
Continuous process improvement (CPI)
Benefits of Intelligent Process Automation
Intelligent automation is an empowering process that provides humans with advanced technologies to work faster and far more intelligently. Some of the key benefits of IPA include:
Increased efficiency in the processes
Faster response times
Improved overall customer experience
Optimization of back office operations
Enhanced workforce productivity
Quicker fraud detection
Scalability and flexibility
Cross industry compatibility
To sum up
The Intelligent Process Automation Market is projected to reach USD 37.63 billion by 2030 from USD 9.52 billion in 2021. It is becoming one of the biggest trends in the business world.
From optimizing business processes to scheduling your social media posts, it is capable of doing so much more with the promise of constantly evolving and improving.
If you are looking to reduce costs, improve accuracy and quality, better customer experience and service for your business while keeping ahead in the competition, adapting to Intelligent Process Automation is without a doubt your solution.
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https://buuuk.com/blog/technologies-in-intelligent-process-automation
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2024-10-11T11:05:03Z
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Surveying and Mapping Technology
The curriculum is arranged for students to gain employment in surveying and mapping. It allows students to gain the educational requirements to sit for the licensing exams in the state of Kentucky. Classes emphasize solving problems encountered in the field of Surveying & Mapping Technology. Students perform routine topographical, boundary and other mapping/surveying projects, as well as Global Positioning (GPS) surveys. Students establish essential data, keep notes, develop preliminary sketches, and prepare working drawings, profile and section maps, volume calculations, and topographic maps. Students use computer mapping and coordinate geometry software to accomplish these tasks.
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https://catalog.kctcs.edu/programs-of-study/aas/surveying-mapping-technology/
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2024-10-11T11:56:06Z
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Small molecules aren’t the only tools drug makers have to target the protein culprits of disease. Antibodies can bind these unruly proteins, to either shut them down or to recruit the body’s immune system to attack the diseased cells. As a result, chemists have turned to so-called therapeutic antibodies more and more to treat diseases such as autoimmune disorders and cancer. Now researchers report a method using mass spectrometry to help drug developers rapidly and reliably test these antibodies (Anal. Chem., DOI: 10.1021/ac2007366).
When developing a therapeutic antibody, chemists want to know if it is the ideal match for their protein target, called an antigen. Researchers want to understand where along the antigen’s structure the antibody binds, to ensure that the bound portion is unique and not present on other proteins. If that so-called epitope isn’t unique, the antibody could cause undesirable side effects, says Michael L. Gross, a professor of chemistry, immunology, and medicine at Washington University in St. Louis.
One of the techniques scientists rely on to map epitopes is called hydrogen-deuterium exchange. In it, researchers observe how hydrogen atoms of the antibody-antigen complex swap with deuterium atoms in a deuterated solvent. Because the antibody protects the epitope from the solvent, its hydrogen atoms don’t exchange readily with the deuterium atoms. Researchers then detect which section of the antigen accumulated the fewest deuteriums. However, the method requires long incubation times--up to a couple of hours--and the deuterium-for-hydrogen exchange is reversible, so errors can appear in the epitope map.
For a faster, more reliable technique, Gross and his team use laser pulses to generate reactive hydroxyl radicals in the presence of the antibody-antigen complex. The radicals react with the side chains of amino acids exposed to the solvent and add hydroxyl groups. As in hydrogen-deuterium exchange, the antibody protects the epitope, so the radicals are less reactive toward side chains in that region. The researchers next cut up the antigen with enzymes and analyze its fragments using mass spectrometry. They then piece together a map of the antigen’s epitope by identifying which regions have the fewest hydroxyl modifications.
To prove the technique works, the research team mapped the epitope of the serine protease thrombin. Their map matched a previously published one from hydrogen-deuterium exchange (Protein Sci., DOI: 10.1110/ps.4670102).
Gross points out that the hydroxyl radicals produce irreversible modifications with reaction times so fast that the researchers don’t have to wait to do the mass spectrometry step. Also, he says, because an added hydroxyl is much heavier than an added deuterium, it’s easier to detect.
Siu Kwan Sze of Nanyang Technological University, in Singapore, points out that hydrogen-deuterium exchange must use deuterated solvents, which makes the method incompatible with proteins that don’t fold in solution. Meanwhile, the new radical method can map antigen epitopes in their native environments such as in lipid membranes and on the surfaces of cells.
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https://cen.acs.org/articles/89/web/2011/09/Fast-Reliable-Tool-Characterizes-Antibodies.html
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2024-10-11T11:44:15Z
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Written by Dr. John Seel, this article was first published in The Classical Teacher, Winter 2006. Reproduced here with permission.
Parenting is first and foremost a responsibility of discipleship. Discipleship is not about activities and programs, but the transformation of the heart. The transformation of the heart begins with the framing of beliefs–what we assume to be true about others, the world, and ourselves. “Education,” said Sister Mariam Joseph, “is the highest of arts in the sense that it imposes forms not on matter, as do the other arts, but on minds.”
The Two Tasks of Discipleship
This transformation involves relativizing the assumptions our culture takes for granted and orienting them according to what is good, true, and beautiful. Dallas Willard makes the same point: “Christian spiritual formation is inescapably a matter of recognizing in ourselves the idea systems of evil that govern the present age and the respective culture that constitutes life away from God.”
There is both a negative and a positive aspect of this transformation. The negative task involves a critique of culture, and the positive task involves the setting forth of truth. The task of Christian education, then, is to understand God’s good creation and the ways sin has distorted it. As God’s image bearers, we may exercise responsible authority in cultivating the creation, to the end that all people and all things may joyfully acknowledge and serve their Creator and true King.
The primary question before us is: Why classical education? In the 2nd century, early church father Tertullian pondered, “What does Jerusalem have to do with Athens?” Why study the classical pagans in order to equip a Biblical mind? Why is the study of dead languages valuable? Why is it necessary to go back before going forward?
The Christian Use of the Pagans
There is a clear Biblical precedent for using classical authors in the service of communicating the Gospel. Paul on Mars Hill quoted from memory the works of Greek Epicurean and Stoic philosophers. J. Gresham Machen, the great Presbyterian apologist, once urged the freshman class at Princeton:
The Christian cannot be satisfied so long as any human activity is either opposed to Christianity or out of all connection with Christianity…. The Christian, therefore, cannot be indifferent to any branch of earnest human endeavor. It must all be brought into some relation to the Gospel. It must be studied either in order to be demonstrated as false, or else in order to be made useful in advancing the Kingdom of God. The Kingdom must be advanced not merely extensively, but also intensively. The Church must seek to conquer not merely every man for Christ but also the whole of man.
So, an acceptance of the classical educational tradition does not mean an uncritical acceptance of the worlds of Greece and Rome. It involves taking the unique insights of the ancients in order to gain perspective on–and better prepare for an engagement with–our own culture.
What is Classical Education?
Classical Christian education is traditional education that began in the late middle ages and is sometimes associated with the Christian humanist movement that emerged in the Northern Renaissance with men such as John Colet and Diserderius Erasmus. It is an education that places an emphasis on the mastery of core content through the study of the trivium–grammar (the study of the basic facts of a discipline), logic (the study of the relationships of these facts with other facts), and rhetoric (the study of the persuasive written and oral communication of these facts to others). Classical education places a priority on words as the foundation of thought. The mastery of words is gained through the careful study of highly inflected languages, such as Greek and Latin. It embraces the triple contribution of Jews, Greeks, and Romans as synthesized through the Christian Church to the rise of our modern world. Not only has this Western Civilization shaped our identity, it has been one of the greatest intellectual and cultural achievements in history. In his book, Human Accomplishment, Charles Murray writes:
The Greeks laid the foundation for Western achievement in the arts and sciences. But it was the transmutation of that intellectual foundation by Christianity that gave modern Europe its impetus and that pushed European accomplishment so far ahead of all other cultures around the world.
This rigorous study of the past relies on engaging the student through relentless questioning–a model of instruction still used routinely in the finest law schools in the nation–termed the Socratic Method.
Classical education is the way education was done until the late 1880s in Europe and America. During these years, C.S. Lewis argues that, intellectually and spiritually, Western civilization crossed a Great Divide: “Whereas all history was for our ancestors divided into two periods, the pre-Christian and the Christian, and two only, for us it has fallen into three – the pre-Christian, the Christian, and what may be reasonably called the post-Christian.”
The problem with most modern Christian education is that it is no different in its core educational philosophy from secular education. What we know as liberalism in the church is called progressivism in education. Classical education is a return to the educational philosophy that dominated for centuries before the “God is dead” philosophy of Nietzsche found its voice in the “Truth is dead” musings of John Dewey. One can legitimately ask whether Christian education is truly Christian if it is not also classical. Chapel services and Scripture memory does not a Christian educational philosophy make. Classical Christian education is decidedly against the stream of the educational establishment. It is an expression of what ought to be and what used to be, not another example of what is.
Classical education is a cure for what ails our culture–a secular, relativistic world-view. This post-modern youth culture that our children face is a very different world from that in which we were raised. The goal of classical Christian education is to equip our students with a pre-modern intellect of truth and knowledge, so they can engage a post-modern, relativistic culture.
Classical education is also the most powerful education tool available for shaping a Biblical mind. It is the heart of a liberal education. As Tracy Simmons has put it:
A classical education is more than a discipline of the mind. It’s a transformation of mind. A classical education is, as Livingstone called it long ago, “a training in insight and sympathy,” a training forever changing one’s map of the cosmos; the world becomes a more multi-layered terrain in sharper relief.
Sixteenth century Christian humanist Erasmus wrote in his Handbook for the Militant Christian:
I might also add that a sensible reading of the pagan poets and philosophers is a good preparation for the Christian life…. These readings mature us and constitute a wonderful preparation for an understanding of the Scriptures. I feel this is quite important, because to break in upon these sacred writings without this preparation is almost sacrilegious.
The greatest minds of the Christian church as well as the founders of the American republic had this form of education. C.S. Lewis, for example, did not come out of nowhere. He writes:
To lose what I owe to Plato and Aristotle would be like the amputation of a limb. Hardly any lawful price would seem to me too high for what I have gained by being made to learn Latin and Greek.
When Thomas Jefferson was planning the University of Virginia in 1819, he wrote:
It should be scrupulously insisted on that no youth can be admitted to the university unless he can read with facility Virgil, Horace, Xenophon, and Homer: unless he is able to convert a page of English at sight into Latin: unless he can demonstrate any proposition at sight in the first six books of Euclid, and show an acquaintance with cubic and quadratic equations. Anything less would make the place a mere grammar school.
One senses immediately how far education standards have slipped. Our secondary education no longer prepares men and women to have the intellectual background or mental discipline of our founders or our early church fathers. Classical Christian education is not a fad, but one of the most profound educational reform movements in America today.
Do we want to promote an education that accepts the status quo or an education that equips our children to be powerful agents of change in an increasingly post-Christian culture? The promise of classical Christian education is the latter.
John Seel, Ph.D. is a co-founder of the Council on Educational Standards and Accountability and President of nCore Media, a visual supercomputing company in Los Angeles, California. John’s career combines business, education, theology, and cultural sociology. He is a contributing editor to Critique magazine as well as The Journal, a publication of the Society for Classical Learning and the author of several books, including Parenting Without Perfection: Being a Kingdom Influence in a Toxic World. His most recent book, Special Forces in Kingdom Service: The Calling of Prophetic Schools will be published by Canon Press.
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https://classicallatin.org/classicalarticles/the-why-of-classical-education/
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2024-10-11T11:11:23Z
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A new study conducted by researchers in China has found that inadequate sleep during pregnancy may have a negative impact on the neurodevelopment of children, particularly in boys. The study, published in the journal Nature Communications, involved analyzing data from over 1,600 mother-child pairs and assessing the children’s cognitive and behavioral development at ages 3 and 6.
The researchers found that mothers who reported sleeping less than 6 hours per night during pregnancy were more likely to have children who exhibited neurodevelopmental delays, such as lower cognitive scores and increased behavioral problems. This association was particularly evident in boys, with girls showing a less significant impact.
Dr. Xuanqiang Wang, lead author of the study, emphasized the importance of maternal sleep during pregnancy for the future development of children. “Our findings suggest that ensuring pregnant women get an adequate amount of sleep is crucial for the neurodevelopment of their offspring,” said Dr. Wang.
The study adds to a growing body of evidence highlighting the importance of maternal health during pregnancy on the long-term development of children. Previous research has linked factors such as diet, stress, and exposure to toxins to various neurodevelopmental outcomes in children.
As more research is conducted on this topic, experts are urging pregnant women to prioritize their sleep and overall health for the well-being of their unborn child. It is recommended that pregnant women aim for at least 7-9 hours of sleep per night, as adequate rest plays a vital role in the development of the fetus’s brain and overall growth.
Overall, the study underscores the significance of maternal sleep quality during pregnancy and its potential impact on the future cognitive and behavioral outcomes of children. This research may prompt further investigation into the importance of sleep and other maternal health factors in promoting optimal neurodevelopment in offspring.
Photo credit www.euronews.com
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https://coloradoexpres.com/2024/09/26/study-finds-a-possible-connection-between-inadequate-sleep-during-pregnancy-and-an-increased-likelihood-of-developmental-delays-in-children/
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2024-10-11T11:29:06Z
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| 0.960338 | 372 | 3.375 | 3 |
Subsets and Splits
Edu Content: Syllabus, Reading,
Retrieves documents containing keywords like 'syllabus', 'required reading', or 'textbook', providing basic filtering but minimal analytical insight.
Python Class Definitions
Retrieves rows containing the Python class constructor 'def __init__' from the dataset, providing a basic filtering but without delivering deep insights.
Operating System Mentions
Returns 100 samples of text containing the phrase "operating system" for basic filtering and initial exploration.
Economist Articles (First 10 Results)
Returns raw data entries from the "default_train" dataset where the URL contains "economist.com", providing basic insight into specific articles but limited analytical value.