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886835	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucadendron	Leucadendron	Leucadendron is a genus of about 80 species of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae, endemic to South Africa, where they are a prominent part of the fynbos ecoregion and vegetation type. Selected species Leucadendron album Leucadendron arcuatum Leucadendron argenteum Leucadendron barkerae Leucadendron bonum Leucadendron brunioides Leucadendron burchellii Leucadendron cadens Leucadendron chamelaea Leucadendron cinereum Leucadendron comosum Leucadendron concavum Leucadendron conicum Leucadendron coniferum Leucadendron cordatum Leucadendron coriaceum Leucadendron corymbosum Leucadendron cryptocephalum Leucadendron daphnoides Leucadendron diemontianum Leucadendron discolor Leucadendron dregei Leucadendron dubium Leucadendron elimense Leucadendron ericifolium Leucadendron eucalyptifolium Leucadendron flexuosum Leucadendron floridum Leucadendron foedum Leucadendron galpinii Leucadendron gandogeri Leucadendron glaberrimum Leucadendron globosum Leucadendron grandiflorum Leucadendron gydoense Leucadendron immoderatum Leucadendron lanigerum Leucadendron laureolum Leucadendron laxum Leucadendron levisanus Leucadendron linifolium Leucadendron loeriense Leucadendron loranthifolium Leucadendron macowanii Leucadendron meridianum Leucadendron meyerianum Leucadendron microcephalum Leucadendron modestum Leucadendron muirii Leucadendron nervosum Leucadendron nitidum Leucadendron nobile Leucadendron olens Leucadendron orientale Leucadendron osbornei Leucadendron platyspermum Leucadendron pondoense Leucadendron procerum Leucadendron pubescens Leucadendron pubibracteolatum Leucadendron radiatum Leucadendron remotum Leucadendron roodii Leucadendron rourkei Leucadendron rubrum Leucadendron salicifolium Leucadendron salignum Leucadendron sericeum Leucadendron sessile Leucadendron sheilae Leucadendron singulare Leucadendron sorocephalodes Leucadendron spirale Leucadendron spissifolium Leucadendron stellare Leucadendron stelligerum Leucadendron strobilinum Leucadendron teretifolium Leucadendron thymifolium Leucadendron tinctum Leucadendron tradouwense Leucadendron uliginosum Leucadendron verticillatum Leucadendron xanthoconus Proteaceae
886837	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social%20services	Social services	Social services, also called Welfare service or Social Work are any publicly or privately provided services intended to aid disadvantages , distressed and vulnerable person or groups. The social services also denotes the Profession engaged in rendering such services. Society
886839	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death%20watch%20beetle	Death watch beetle	The deathwatch beetle (Xestobium rufovillosum) is a species of woodboring beetle. It lives in pieces of wood and can sometimes be found in the wooden parts of old buildings. The adult beetle is brown and about long. Eggs are laid in dark crevices in old wood inside buildings, trees, and inside tunnels left behind by previous larvae. The larvae bore into the timber. Larvae feed for up to ten years before pupating, and later emerging from the wood as adult beetles. Timber that has been damp and is affected by fungal decay is soft enough for the larvae to chew through. They use enzymes present in their gut to digest the cellulose and hemicellulose in the wood. The larvae of deathwatch beetles weaken the structural timbers of a building by tunneling through them. Treatment with insecticides to kill the larvae is largely ineffective, and killing the adult beetles when they emerge in spring and early summer may be a better option. However, infestation by these beetles is often limited to historic buildings, because modern buildings tend to use softwoods for joists and rafters instead of aged oak timbers, which the beetles prefer. To attract mates, the adult insects create a tapping or ticking sound that can sometimes be heard in the rafters of old buildings on summer nights; therefore, the deathwatch beetle is associated with quiet, sleepless nights and is named for the vigil (watch) being kept beside the dying or dead. By extension, a superstition has grown up that these sounds are an omen of impending death. References Beetles
886843	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerosport-Rockwell%20LB600	Aerosport-Rockwell LB600	The Aerosport-Rockwell LB600 is an engine made by Aerosport and is based on a snowmobile. Users Aerosport Rail Calvel Frelon PDQ Aircraft PDQ-2 Thor Duster
886844	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerosport	Aerosport	Aerosport was a company founded by Harold Woods in Holly Springs, North Carolina in 1971. They make aircraft and engines. Aircrafts Aerosport Quail Aerosport Rail Aerosport Scamp Aerosport Woody Pusher Engines Aerosport-Rockwell LB600 1971 establishments in the United States
886845	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockwell	Rockwell	Rockwell is a major American manufacturer of aircraft. Aircrafts Fuji/Rockwell Commander 700. North American Rockwell OV-10 Bronco. North American Sabreliner. Rockwell B-1 Lancer. Rockwell Commander 112. Rockwell Ranger 2000. Rockwell X-30. Rockwell XFV-12. Aircraft companies
886846	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeronca%20E-113	Aeronca E-113	The Aeronca E-113 is a piston engine made by Aeronca. Variants E-113A E-113C Aeronca-JAP J-99 Users E-113 Aeronca C-3 Aeronca K Welch OW-6M
886847	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabyin-ul-kalam	Tabyin-ul-kalam	This was a book wrote by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan in order to improve the relationship between British and Muslims. This books points out the similarities between Islam and Christianity. This booked helped the Muslims in India to know more about Christianity as Muslims in India knew very less about Christianity. Although due to lack of resources this work was not finished, yet it showed Sir Syed's commitment to improve relation. References Other websites Tabyin-ul-Kalam on Rekhta. Books
886848	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeronca	Aeronca	Aeronca is an American aircraft manufacturer and its headquarters is in Middletown, Ohio. Aircraft Engines Aeronca E-107 Aeronca E-113 Missiles GT-1
886852	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC%20Wasp	ABC Wasp	The ABC Wasp is a Piston aircraft engine. It's made in the UK By ABC Motors. The first engine was made in 1916 and there where 56 engines made. Variants Wasp I Wasp II Users Wasp I Avro 504K BAT Bantam BAT Baboon Sopwith Snail Westland Wagtail Wasp II Avro 504K BAT Bantam Saunders Kittiwake Sopwith Snail Westland Wagtail References ABC aircraft engines
886862	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC%20Scorpion	ABC Scorpion	The ABC Scorpion is a piston aircraft engine. It's made in the UK By ABC motors. The first engine was made in 1921. Variants Scorpion I Scorpion II Users ABC Robin Boulton Paul Phoenix BFW M.19 BFW M.23 Comper Swift de Havilland Humming Bird Farman Moustique Hawker Cygnet Heath Parasol Hendy Hobo Henderson-Glenny Gadfly Kay Gyroplane Luton Minor Mignet HM.14 Pou-du-Ciel Parmentier Wee Mite Peyret-Mauboussin PM X RWD 1 SAI KZ I Saynor & Bell Canadian Cub Short Satellite Snyder Buzzard Udet U 7 Kolibri Wheeler Slymph Westland Woodpigeon References ABC aircraft engines
886873	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC%20Motors	ABC Motors	ABC Motors is a United Kingdom engine and aircraft manufacturer. The headquarter is in Hersham, surrey. Engines ABC 6 hp ABC 8 hp ABC 30 hp ABC 60 hp ABC 100 hp ABC Dragonfly ABC Gadfly ABC Gnat ABC Mosquito ABC Hornet ABC Scorpion ABC Wasp Aircraft ABC Robin
886887	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zipporah	Zipporah	Zipporah is a woman in the Bible. She is in the Book of Exodus. She is the daughter of Reuel/Jethro, the priest and prince of Midian. She marries Moses. References Old Testament people
886888	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic%20of%20German-Austria	Republic of German-Austria	German Austria was the original name for Austria after its defeat in World War 1. It claimed not to be the Successor of Austria-Hungary. It originally wanted to join the Weimar Republic, but wouldn't. In the treaty of St. Germaine its name was Changed to Austria and Was Stripped of South Tyrole (ceded to Kingdom of Italy) and Bohemia (to Czechislovakia) History of Austria
886892	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bentley%20BR1	Bentley BR1	The Bentley BR1 is a Britsh piston aircraft engine made by Bentley during the first world war. Users Avro 536 Port Victoria P.V.9 Sopwith Camel Westland N.1B Aircraft engines
886893	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structuring	Structuring	Structuring, also called smurfing is a way to cheat in American banking. It is the act of breaking a large sum of money into smaller sums to hide it from the law. Some United States laws, for example the Bank Secrecy Act and Internal Revenue Code say people have to tell the government if they move large amounts of money all at once. By moving the money in smaller amounts, people can sneak past the law. People might structure if they are trying to make criminal money look like honest money or committing fraud. Definition Structuring is the act of dividing a large financial transaction, for example a payment or bank deposit, into many smaller ones to sneak past the law. The structurer, or "smurf," makes sure each smaller sum is lower than the number that the law says must be reported. For example, if the limit is $10,000 in one day, the structurer will move no more than $9,999.99 in one day. groups of criminals sometimes use many smurfs who move money. The word "smurfing" comes from the Smurfs, which are fictional people from comic books. The Smurf village has a large group of many small people. A Miami lawyer named Gregory Baldwin may be the person who first named structuring "smurfing." People have called it that since the 1980s. Regulations United States In the United States, the Bank Secrecy Act says people must write the government currency transaction reports (CTRs) if they buy, sell, or deposit money worth $10,000 or more. This is either in USD or any money from any other country. Financial institutions, for example banks, that think someone might be smurfing have to tell the government about it. They file a suspicious activity report (SAR). In 1986, the U.S. Congress passed a new part of Title 31 of the United States Code: No person shall, for the purpose of evading the reporting requirements of section 5313 (a) or 5325 or any regulation prescribed under any such section, the reporting or record keeping requirements imposed by any order issued under section 5326, or the record keeping requirements imposed by any regulation prescribed under section 21 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act or section 123 of Public Law 91–508—[...] (3) structure or assist in structuring, or attempt to structure or assist in structuring, any transaction with one or more domestic financial institutions. This law also says that people who smurf may be punished with paying their own money, five years in prison, or both. The filing of Form 8300 is required under Internal Revenue Code section 6050I. If a bank files a suspicious activity report, a judge may issue a warrant. This is a piece of paper that says, in this case, the police or other agents may take the money in the smaller payments and hold it as evidence. Even if the person or business was not really smurfing, they still have to hire lawyers and go to a court of law. This can cost $20,000 or more. In 2014, The New York Times printed a story about money taken from innocent people in this way. The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) then changed the way it worked. If a banks thinks a customer is smurfing and files a suspicious activity report, the bank is not allowed to tell the customer about it unless the customer asks. Sometimes bank desk employees will warn customers anyway. Outside the United States Other uses The word "smurfing" is also for drugss, for example pseudoephedrine. In this type of smurfing, the agent buys small amounts of legal drugs from many places, then puts the small amounts together to make enough to make the illegal drug methamphetamine. Also, since the monthly pseudoephedrine purchase limits in US are too low for mass meth production, this practice often involves using multiple people, other "smurfs." As Robert Pennal of the Fresno Meth Task Force explains: Then we started seeing "smurfing." Remember how the smurfs were little gatherers? We started getting calls from different retail stores that people were buying two or three packs—that's the most you can buy—and they went to one store, they bought three, they went to another store, bought three. We're seeing blister packs everywhere because they're sitting in the car, they're punching the pills out of the blister packs, they're putting them in the freezer bags and they're turning them over to chemical brokers. See also Salami slicing References External links Financial Crimes Enforcement Network ruling on structuring Money Crime fr:Blanchiment d'argent#Méthodes de blanchiment
886894	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bentley%20BR2	Bentley BR2	The Bentley BR2 is a Britsh piston aircraft engine made by Bentley during the first world war. Variants BR.2 230 BR.2 245 Users Armstrong Whitworth Armadillo Austin Osprey Boulton Paul Bobolink Brennan Helicopter Gloster Grouse Gloster Nightjar Gloster Sparrowhawk Grain Griffin Handley Page Type S Nieuport Nightjar Parnall Panther Sopwith Buffalo Sopwith Gnu Sopwith Salamander Sopwith Snipe Vickers Vampire Aircraft engines
886904	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manometer	Manometer	A manometer is a device that is able to measure the pressure of a medium (a liquid, or a gas). In most cases, the relative pressure will be measured. A barometer can measure the absolute pressure, compared to a vacuum. There are different designs, for different applications. The name ("manometer") comes from Ancient Greek, μανός manós -thin and μέτρον métron measurement, or ruler. Many animals have a tympanic membrane (or eardrum), which only reacts to changes in pressure. Tools
886906	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/General%20Secretary%20of%20the%20Lao%20People%27s%20Revolutionary%20Party	General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party	General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party is the office of the highest-ranking member of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (LPRP). That person is also typically (or usually) the supreme leader of Laos. Laos
886907	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meldreth	Meldreth	Meldreth is a village in South Cambridgeshire, and is south-west of Cambridge. From the 2011 Census the population was 1,783. References Villages in Cambridgeshire Civil parishes in Cambridgeshire
886912	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinz%20Field	Heinz Field	Heinz Field is a sports stadium located in downtown Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Heinz Field is the home stadium facility of the Pittsburgh Steelers NFL franchise and the University of Pittsburgh Panthers college football team. The stadium sits on approximatelt 12.4 acres of land and has a capacity of 64,450. Heinz Field is only used as a football facility. The stadium opened in August 2001 and the Steelers debuted there during the 2001-2002 NFL season. Sports buildings in Pennsylvania
886922	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridei%20III	Bridei III	Bridei III (616-693) was King of the Picts from 672 until 693, he defeated the Northumbrian king Ecgfrith and killed him at the Battle of Nechtansmere in 685. References 7th-century births 7th-century deaths
886926	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portrait%20of%20the%20artist%20Carlo%20Bazzi%20%28Beltrame%29	Portrait of the artist Carlo Bazzi (Beltrame)	Portrait of the artist Carlo Bazzi is a 19th-century workart by the italian painter Achille Beltrami, made in 1910, that you portray the artist Carlo Bazzi. Related pages Achille Beltrame Other websites ritratto di Carlo Bazzi (torino 1875 - 1947), Achille Beltrame,General Catalog of Cultural Heritage of the Italian Government References 20th-century paintings
886927	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical%20race%20theory	Critical race theory	Critical race theory (CRT) is a way that scholars study and teach civil rights and the history of race, especially in the United States. Critical race theory shows another way of thinking and doing things than mainstream American liberal racial justice. CRT looks at social, cultural, and legal things and the way they affect race and racism. CRT says that the reason white people ended up and stayed richer and more politically powerful than people of other races was not only because of people acting racist on purpose. It was also because of complicated, changing social rules that people didn't always know were there. American legal scholars started CRT in the mid-1970s. Derrick Bell, Alan Freeman, Kimberlé Crenshaw, Richard Delgado, Cheryl Harris, Charles R. Lawrence III, Mari Matsuda, and Patricia J. Williams wrote about it. It became a movement by the 1980s. Critical race theory included some theories of critical legal studies (CLS) but it put more focus on race. CRT uses critical theory and scholars Antonio Gramsci, Sojourner Truth, Frederick Douglass, and W. E. B. DuBois are in it, as well as the Black Power, Chicano, and radical feminist movements from the 1960s and 1970s. CRT scholars think about race as an intersectional social construct. "Social construct" means that it comes from society's rules and not from the physical world. For example, money is a social construct. A piece of paper is worth money because the society agrees that it is. For example, which continent someone's ancestors came from is a real thing. However, whether or not that is important is a social construct. When CRT says that race is not "biologically grounded and natural," it does not mean that human beings from different parts of Earth do not look different. It means that the rules around looking different are made up. Instead, they think of race as an idea that makes life easier for white people by making it worse for people in other races. In legal studies, CRT says that even laws that are color blind, meaning laws that look like they are not about race, can still have racist effects. CRT focuses on intersectionality, which means that race affects other identities, for example gender and social class, to produce complicated effects on power and advantage. Scholars who do not think CRT is good say that CRT acts as if storytelling is more important than evidence and logic, that it does not treat truth and merit as important enough, and that it opposes liberalism. Since 2020, conservative U.S. lawmakers have tried to keep CRT and other antiracism education out of primary and secondary schools. CRT is only taught at the university level, though some lower-level curricula do teach some CRT without calling it that. Supporters of CRT say these lawmakers don't talk honestly about CRT and that the what they really want people to stop talking about racism, equality, social justice, and the history of race in America. Definitions In his introduction to the comprehensive 1995 publication of critical race theory's key writings, Cornel West describes CRT as "an intellectual movement that is both particular to our postmodern (and conservative) times and part of a long tradition of human resistance and liberation." Law professor Roy L. Brooks defines critical race theory in 1994 as "a collection of critical stances against the existing legal order from a race-based point of view". Education Week describes the core of CRT as the idea that that race is a social construct and racism is neither an individual bias nor prejudiceit is "embedded in the legal system" and supplemented with policies and procedures. University of Alabama School of Law professor Richard Delgado, a co-founder of critical race theory, defines it in 2017 as "a collection of activists and scholars interested in studying and transforming the relationship among race, racism, and power". Gloria Ladson-Billings, a pedagogical theorist who introduced CRT to the field of education in 1994, describes CRT as an "interdisciplinary approach that seeks to understand and combat race inequity in society." Early years Delgado and legal writer Jean Stefancic wrote an article in 1998 called "Critical Race Theory: Past, Present, and Future." According to that article, CRT began with Derrick Bell in his 1976 Yale Law Journal article, "Serving Two Masters" and his 1980 Harvard Law Review article "Brown v. Board of Education and the Interest-Convergence Dilemma." Bell started out as a civil rights lawyer. He won 300 civil rights cases for the NAACP in Mississippi. Later, he worked as a professor at Harvard Law School. There, Bell made new classes about American law and how it worked with race. In 2001, Delgado and Stefancic also wrote Critical Race Theory: a Introduction. That book talked about Bell's "interest convergence" as a "means of understanding Western racial history." The focus on desegregation after the 1954 Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Educationdeclaring school segregation unconstitutionalleft "civil-rights lawyers compromised between their clients' interests and the law." Many Black parents wanted better schools for their children but the lawyers wanted a "breakthrough," a famous case that would change things for the whole country. In 1995, Cornel West said that Bell was "virtually the lone dissenter" because he wrote articles in famous law review publications challenging the ways people thought about the law and people of color. Bell wrote his own material for the classes he taught. In 1970, he turned them into a book called Race, racism, and American law. He became Harvard Law School's first Black tenured professor in 1971. In 1980, Bell resigned from the university because he thought it was doing racist things, and he became the dean at University of Oregon School of Law. Later, he went back to Harvard as a visiting professor. While he was away from Harvard, his supporters organized protests against Harvard's lack of racial diversity in the classes, student body, and teachers. In 1981, one student protest started a new class based on Bell's course and textbook. In that class, students brought in visiting professors, such as Charles Lawrence, Linda Greene, Neil Gotanda, and Richard Delgado, to teach Race, racism, and American law. The students asked faculty members who were people of color to teach the new courses. The university said no to the things the students wanted. They said there was no black instructor who was qualified to teach the course. Legal scholar Randall Kennedy wrote that some students had "felt affronted" by Harvard's choice to hire an "archetypal white liberal... in a way that precludes the development of black leadership." Delgado and Stefancic said Alan Freeman, who wrote in the 1970s, was also part of the beginning of critical race theory. In his 1978 Minnesota Law Review article, Freeman wrote about the Supreme Court and civil rights laws from 1953 to 1969. He said their interpretation of the law was too narrow to stop racial discrimination. In his article, Freeman said there were two ways to look at racial discrimination: victim and perpetrator. To the victim, racial discrimination was about real-world conditions and about the "consciousness associated with those objective conditions." To the perpetrator, racial discrimination was only about being able to perform actions without thining about the real-world conditions of the victims, such as the "lack of jobs, lack of money, lack of housing." In 1989, Kimberlé Crenshaw, Neil Gotanda, and Stephanie Phillips did a workshop at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. They called it "New Developments in Critical Race Theory." This was when people started calling it "Critical Race Theory." They said it would be an "intersection of critical theory and race, racism, and the law." Crenshaw chose Harvard to study under Bell because she had learned about him at Cornell. Crenshaw organized the alternative course using Bell's course materials. She was part of a group of students who considered themselves part of the "post-civil rights generation". After this meeting, legal scholars started writing more articles with critical race theory in them, including over "300 leading law review articles" and books. In 1990, Duncan Kennedy published an article about affirmative action in law schools in the Duke Law Journal, and Anthony E. Cook published his article "Beyond Critical Legal Studies" in the Harvard Law Review. In 1991, Patricia Williams published The Alchemy of Race and Rights, while Derrick Bell published Faces at the Bottom of the Well in 1992. Cheryl I. Harris published her 1993 Harvard Law Review article "Whiteness as Property" in which she described how looking like a white person led to benefits similar to owning property. In 1995, 24 legal scholars contributed to a major compilation of key writings on critical race theory. Although CLS criticized the way the legal system had made and protected social structures that allowed racism or made it worse, CLS did not talk about how to solve this problems. Derrick Bell and Alan Freeman said that CLS could not provide solutions unless it talked about race and racism. CRT criticized CLS for focusing too much on class and economic structures and not enough on race. Growth and expansion In 1995, Gloria Ladson-Billings and William F. Tate started using critical race theory in education. In an article they wrote in 1995, Ladson-Billings and Tate talked about why education focused on what white people think of as normal. They looked at how schooling was not always fair and equal. Other scholars have since spread this to school segregation in the U.S.; relations between race, gender, and academic achievement; pedagogy; and ways of studying social problems. According to University of Edinburgh philosophy professor, Tommy J. Curry, by 2009, many agreed with CRT's idea that race was socially constructed, not "biologically grounded and natural." "Social construct" means that even though how much dark pigment different people have in their skin is a real thing, and which continent their ancestors came from is a real thing, whether or not those facts are important is made up by society. For example, money is a social construct. A round piece of metal is real. A piece of paper with ink on it is real. But societies decide whether the metal is a coin and whether the paper is paper money. , over 20 American law schools and at least three non-American law schools offered critical race theory courses or classes. Critical race theory is also used in education, political science, women's studies, ethnic studies, communication, sociology, and American studies. Critical race theory also works with specific groups, for example Latino-critical (LatCrit), queer-critical, and Asian-critical movements. These groups work with with the main body of critical theory research. Over time, they found their own goals and ways of finding information. CRT has also been taught outside the United States, including in the United Kingdom and Australia. Common themes Richard Delgado and Jean Stefancic say that critical race theory has several themes: Critique of liberalism: Critical race theory asks whether regular liberalism is right or wrong about Enlightenment rationalism, legal equality and constitutional neutrality. Critical race theory says the incrementalist approach of traditional civil-rights discourse is not so good. The incrementalist approach is about taking small steps at a time. Increments are steps. Critical race theory favors a race-conscious approach to social transformation. Critical race theory asks people to check whether affirmative action, color blindness, role modeling, and the merit principle really are good or bad and how much preferring political organizing over liberalism's reliance on rights-based remedies. Storytelling, counter-storytelling, and "naming one's own reality": Critical race theory says it is good to use storytelling to talk about how racial oppression affects people's real lives. Bryan Brayboy talks about the importance of storytelling in Indigenous American communities and he proposed a Tribal Critical Race Theory (TribCrit). Revisionist interpretations of American civil rights law and progress: Criticism of civil-rights scholarship and anti-discrimination law, such as Brown v. Board of Education. Derrick Bell, one of CRT's founders, argues that civil-rights advances for black people coincided with the self-interest of white elitists, which Bell termed interest convergence. Mary L. Dudziak searched through records in the U.S. Department of State and Department of Justice and found that U.S. government support for civil-rights legislation "was motivated in part by the concern that racial discrimination harmed the United States' foreign relations." Intersectional theory: This is the study of how race works with and against other things that affect people's lives, for example sex, social class, national origin, and sexual orientation. For example, studying how the needs of a Latina female are different from those of a black male. Standpoint epistemology: This is the idea that someone who is a member of a specific minority group has more authority to talk about that group that people outside that group do not have. For example, a Korean person has more authority to talk about being Korean than a white or black person does. Critical race theory also says that this can show where the law does not really treat people equally. Essentialism vs. anti-essentialism: This is about how important race is and whether it is more important than other things. Delgado and Stefancic write, "Scholars who write about these issues are concerned with the appropriate unit for analysis: Is the black community one, or many, communities? Do middle- and working-class African-Americans have different interests and needs? Do all oppressed peoples have something in common?" This talks about how even people who are in the same group or look like they are in the same group might need different things. This is because their lives are not only about being in that one group. Structural determinism: Exploration of how "the structure of legal thought or culture influences its content" in a way that determines social outcomes. Empathetic fallacy: This is the idea that people can change other people's minds by telling a story to try to get them to understand how other people suffer or are harmed. This is called empathy. According to CRT, empathy is not enough to change racism because most people do not meet enough people who are different from themselves and most people do not look for stories about people in other groups. Non-white cultural nationalism/separatism: This is the most radical idea. It is that people in different racial groups should think about living in different countries or other structures. This is connected to separatism and reparations, both for foreign aid and black nationalism. Internalization Scholar Karen Pyke studied and wrote papers about internalized racism or internalized racial oppression. This is when people who suffer from racism start to believe that they are not as good as whites or that their culture is not as good as white culture. They think this not because they are less intelligent or easier to trick than other people are. Instead, it is because this is how authority and power in society make people feel. Institutional racism Camara Phyllis Jones defines institutionalized racism like this: In other words, institutionalized racism is when the society is set up to help some people more than others and hurt some people more than others and it isn't always easy to see this happening. With institutionalized racism, a white person does not need to do anything racist to a non-white person. The rules of the society do it for them. For example, the schools in white neighborhoods might have more and newer computers than the schools in black neighborhoods, which means the white schoolchildren will get better grades even if the black schoolchildren work just as hard. The people at the white school might not know that the people at the black school have worse computers. In English, we say this as, "this is not a level playing field." Influence of critical legal studies Critical race theory is like critical theory, critical legal studies, feminist jurisprudence, and postcolonial theory. Tommy J. Curry wrote that the epistemic ways in which these ways of thinking are similar come from idealism. Idealism is about discourse (i.e., how individuals speak about race) and the theories of white Continental philosophers and the way they talk about structural and institutional stories about white supremacy. These ways of speaking and thinking are important to realist analysis of racism from Derrick Bell's early writing,. Black thinkers, for example, W. E. B. Du Bois, Paul Robeson, and Judge Robert L. Carter wrote about them even more. Critical race theory uses the things critical legal studies says are important. It also uses ways of looking at things from critical legal studies and civil rights scholarship, but it also argues with them. Critical race theory takes its theory from many places. Angela P. Harris says critical race theory has the same "commitment to a vision of liberation from racism through right reason" as civil rights tradition. It deconstructs some premises and arguments of legal theory and simultaneously holds that legally constructed rights are incredibly important. Derrick Bell says that Harris thinks critical race theory is committed to "radical critique of the law (which is normatively deconstructionist) and... radical emancipation by the law (which is normatively reconstructionist)." Applications Scholars of critical race theory have used it to look at hate crime and hate speech. The U.S. Supreme Court made a ruling on hate speech in R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul in 1992. In that ruling, the Court struck down an anti-bias ordinance. In that case, a teenager who had burned a cross. Mari Matsuda and Charles Lawrence argued that the Court had not looked closely at the history of racist speech and the actual injury that racist speech can cause. Critical race theorists also say affirmative action is good. They say that rules for whom to fire or whom to let into a good school that are officially based only on "merit," for example grades alone, are not really race-neutral. Criticism Academics and jurists According to the Encyclopedia Britannica, "aspects of CRT have been criticized by legal scholars and jurists from across the political spectrum." Critics say it has a "postmodern way of looking at the truth. It also says critical race theory opposes "the traditional liberal ideals of neutrality, equality, and fairness in the law and legal procedures and of unreasonably spurning the notion of objective standards of merit in academia and in public and private employment, instead interpreting any racial inequity or imbalance in legal, academic, or economic outcomes as proof of institutional racism and as grounds for directly imposing racially equitable outcomes in those realms." People who want to use CRT have also been accused of calling criticism of CRT racist. In 1997, law professors Daniel A. Farber and Suzanna Sherry said that critical race theory did not have enough evidence to support it. Instead, they said, it was based on the belief that reality was a socially construct, that it pushed away evidence to use storytelling instead, rejected truth and merit as ways of looking at political dominance, and rejected the rule of law. In 1995, Farber and Sherry wrote that anti-meritocratic tenets in critical race theory, critical feminism, and critical legal studies may unintentionally lead to antisemitic and anti-Asian implications. They wrote in 1997 that if the system really is unfair in its structure the way critical race theorists say it is, then the success of Jews and Asians might make people say they cheated. In 2017, Delgado and Stefancic wrote a response: They said that there was a difference between criticizing an unfair system and criticizing individuals who do well inside that system. In a 1999 Boston College Law Review article called Race, Equality and the Rule of Law: Critical Race Theory's Attack on the Promises of Liberalism, First Amendment lawyer Jeffrey J. Pyle said that critical race theory undermined confidence in the rule of law. He wrote that "critical race theorists attack the very foundations of the liberal legal order, including equality theory, legal reasoning, Enlightenment rationalism and neutral principles of constitutional law." Political controversies Critical race theory inspired many arguments in the United States. The first were in the 1980s. People argued about the way critical race theory questioned color blindness. Color blindness, in this article, means the idea that one person can completely ignore another person's race and treat them fairly no matter what. People also argued about how critical race theory used narrative in legal studies, advocating "legal instrumentalism" instead of ideal-driven uses of the law. People also argued about how critical race theory looked at the U.S. Constitution and other laws and they way they hleped white people keep power over other people. People also argued about how critical race theory encourages legal scholars to work for racial equity. One example of an instrumentalist approach is when lawyer Johnnie Cochran's defended O. J. Simpson in the O. J. Simpson murder case. Cochran told the jury to say Simpson was not guilty of killing his ex wife and her friend, even though there was evidence against him as payback for the way the United States and the Los Angeles Police department had treated black people. This was a form of jury nullification. Before and after the 2020 U.S. presidential election, Donald Trump opposed the teaching of critical race theory in schools as part of his platform. Other conservative politicians did so too on Fox News and right-wing radio shows. 1990s When Bill Clinton nominated Lani Guinier for Assistant Attorney General, Republicans said she should not get the job. One of their reasons was that she supported CRT. Clinton withdrew the nomination due to disagreements with her legal philosophy. 2010s In 2010, a state law stopped a Mexican-American studies university program in Tucson, Arizona because it said public schools could not teach race-conscious education by "advocat[ing] ethnic solidarity instead of the treatment of pupils as individuals." The law banned books, including a book about CRT, from the school. State officials banned Matt de la Peña's young-adult novel Mexican WhiteBoy because they said it contained critical race theory. The rules against ethnic-studies programs were later declared unconstitutional because lawyers were able to prove that the state had meant to discriminate against some groups of people on purpose: "Both enactment and enforcement were motivated by racial animus," federal Judge A. Wallace Tashima ruled. 2020s Australia In June 2021, the media reported that the proposed lessons for Australia's schools was "preoccupied with the oppression, discrimination and struggles of Indigenous Australians." The Australian Senate approved a motion from right-wing senator Pauline Hanson asking the federal government to not use CRT, even though there was no CRT in in the lessons. United Kingdom Conservatives in the government of the United Kingdom began to criticize CRT in late 2020. Equalities Minister Kemi Badenoch, who is of Nigerian descent, said during a parliamentary debate to mark Black History Month: In an interview in The Spectator, Badenoch said, "many of these booksand, in fact, some of the authors and proponents of critical race theoryactually want a segregated society." 101 writers from the Black Writers' Guild responded in an open letter, telling Badenoch she was wrong to criticize books like White Fragility and Why I'm No Longer Talking to White People About Race. United States The Washington Post says that conservative lawmakers and other conservatives have used the term "critical race theory" as a "catchall phrase for nearly any examination of systemic racism." In September 2020, conservative activist Christopher Rufo denounced CRT on Fox News, and then Donald Trump issued an executive order saying the United States federal government must cancel funding for programs that talk about "white privilege" or "critical race theory." President Trump said that this was because critical race theory was "divisive, un-American propaganda" and "racist." Rufo wrote on Twitter, "The goal is to have the public read something crazy in the newspaper and immediately think 'critical race theory,'" meaning that conservatives were trying to trick the public into thinking critical race theory was bad. In a speech on September 17, 2020, Trump said critical race theory was bad. He said he had formed the 1776 Commission to promote "patriotic education." On January 20, 2021, Joe Biden took back Trump's order and ended the 1776 Commission. Conservative think tanks and other conservative groups continued to work on opposition to both actual critical race theory and what they mistakenly thought was critical race theory. These groups include the Heritage Foundation, the Idaho Freedom Foundation, and the American Legislative Exchange Council. In early 2021, potential laws were started. These laws would limit the teaching of critical race theory in public schools in Idaho, Iowa, Oklahoma, Tennessee, and Texas. Several of these bills used the words "critical race theory" or talked about the New York Times 1619 Project. In mid-April 2021, a bill was introduced to the Idaho legislature that would have banned any educational entity in the state (schools and other things like schools) from teaching or advocating sectarianism, including critical race theory and other social justice programs. On May 4, 2021, the bill was signed into law by Governor Brad Little. On June 10, 2021, every member of the Florida State Board of Education voted to stop public schools from teaching critical race theory. They did this because governor Ron DeSantis asked them to. As of July 2021, 10 U.S. states have introduced bills or done other things that would limit teaching critical race theory, and 26 others were in the process of doing so. In June 2021, the American Association of University Professors, the American Historical Association, the Association of American Colleges and Universities, and PEN America released a joint paper saying that these laws were bad. By August 2021, 167 professional organizations had signed the statement. In August 2021, the Brookings Institution recorded that eight statesIdaho, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas, Iowa, New Hampshire, Arizona, and South Carolinahad passed laws on the critical race theory, though they also noted that none of the bills had passed, with the exception of Idaho's, actually contained the words "critical race theory." Brookings also noted that these laws often also stop teaching about gender. Critics called the state laws a memory law and said that the law banning critical race theory was proof that critical race theory was right: that racism is part of the law in the United States. Subfields There are smaller groups in critical race theory for different communities of people. These groups look at race and the way it affects disability, ethnicity, gender, sexuality, class, and religion. For example, disability critical race studies (DisCrit), critical race feminism (CRF), Hebrew Crit (HebCrit), Black Critical Race Theory (Black Crit), Latino critical race studies (LatCrit), Asian American critical race studies (AsianCrit), South Asian American critical race studies (DesiCrit), and American Indian critical race studies, which is sometimes called TribalCrit. The methods developed for CRT have also been used to studying groups of white immigrants. In response to CRT, some scholars have asked for a second wave of whiteness studies. It is called Second Wave Whiteness (SWW). Critical race theory has also inspired scholars to study race outside the United States. Disability critical race theory Disability critical race studies (DisCrit) combines disability studies and CRT to look at the intersection of disability and race. This means the way race and disability affect each other. Latino critical race theory Latino critical race theory (LatCRT or LatCrit) is a research framework that talks about the way society defines race. Latino critical race theory says this is important to how people of color are oppressed in society. Race scholars developed LatCRT as a critical response to the "problem of the color line" first explained by W. E. B. Du Bois. While CRT focuses on the Black–White paradigm, LatCRT has moved to consider other racial groups, mainly Chicana/Chicanos, as well as Latinos/as, Asians, Native Americans/First Nations, and women of color. In Critical Race Counterstories along the Chicana/Chicano Educational Pipeline, Tara J. Yosso discusses how the limits placed on POC can be defined. The tenets that separate such individuals are the intercentricity of race and racism, the problem of dominant ideology, the commitment to social justice, the centrality of experience knowledge, and the way of looking at things that uses many types of scholarship. LatCRT's main focus is to work for social justice for people living in communities that have been pushed to the edges of society (specifically Chicana/os). Chicanos are Mexican-Americans. Society has placed limits on them that put them at a disadvantage, like with other people of color. Social institutions act to dispossess Chicanos, stop them from voting, and discriminate against them. LatCRT seeks to give voice to those who are victimized. In order to do so, LatCRT has created two common themes: First, CRT says society keeps white supremacy and racial power in place; they do not stay there on their own. The law is a big part of keeping them where they are. Some racial groups do not have the voice to speak in this civil society. Because of this, CRT introduced a new form of expression, called the voice of color. The voice of color is narratives and storytelling monologues used as devices for conveying personal racial experiences. These are also used to counter metanarratives that continue to maintain racial inequality. In this way, the experiences of the oppressed are important parts of developing a LatCRT analytical approach. Second, LatCRT investigates the possibility of transforming the relationship between law enforcement and racial power and working for racial emancipation and an end to some groups being pushed around. LatCRT is different from general critical race theory in that it talks more about immigration theory and policy, language rights, and the way people are discriminated against for having accents or ancestors from other countries. CRT finds the experiential knowledge of people of color and works with their lived experience using data. LatCRT shows its research using many kinds of stories. Asian critical race theory Asian critical race theory looks at the way race and racism affect Asian Americans and their experiences in the U.S. education system. Like Latino critical race theory, Asian critical race theory is distinct from the main body of CRT in its emphasis on immigration theory and policy. See also Judicial aspects of race in the United States Notes References Further reading 1970s establishments in the United States Race Racism Academic disciplines
886929	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green%20Book%20%28movie%29	Green Book (movie)	Green Book is a 2018 american Biographical Comedy-drama Movie Directed by Peter Farrelly the movie was inspired by the true story of a tour of the Deep South by African Americans References 2018 movies English-language movies 2018 drama movies 2010s African-American movies American buddy movies American LGBT movies American movies Best Picture Oscar DreamWorks Pictures movies Movies about racism Movies featuring a Best Supporting Actor Academy Award-winning performance Movies set in Alabama Movies set in Georgia (U.S. state) Movies set in Louisiana Movies set in Manhattan Movies set in Mississippi Movies set in New York Movies set in New York City Movies set in North Carolina Movies set in Ohio Movies set in Pennsylvania Movies set in the 1960s Universal Pictures movies
886933	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italo%20Giordani	Italo Giordani	Italo Giordani (born 1882 in Sicily) is an italian artist, painter, active in France. Italo Giordani moved to Naples to study at the Academy of Fine Arts in Naples, later he studied first in Venice and then, from 1908 to 1909, then in Milan, with Cesare Cesare Tallone as Master, immediately finding success in France in 1917, and then with his exhibitions in Paris. He reaches Lake Como and the locality of Lierna as a guest of some families of the European nobility on holiday, and will devote himself to the outdoor painting of landscapes and glimpses. But he also painted views of Venice, Martigues and Cannes, Amalfi and Posillipo, places intoxicated with light, and as he himself says sung by poets, and visited by him in happy moments. He painted above all landscapes, with a predilection for the lakes of Como often inserted in countryside scenes. Italo Giordani artworks are characterized by polychromy and brightness. Bibliography "Il secolo 20. rivista popolare illustrata", p. 799, 1920 Rassegna d'arte antica e moderna, p. 21, 1920 Italo Giordani, Haldane Macfall, Catalogue of Paintings by Italo Giordani, pubblisher United Arts Gallery (London, England), 1922 Revue de l'Amérique latine, Volume 14, p. 96, pubblisher, Ernest Martinenche, 1927 Revue belge, vol. 3, 1928 1882 births 1956 deaths 20th-century Italian painters Painters from Catania
886934	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anything%20Goes%20%281936%20film%29	Anything Goes (1936 film)	Anything Goes is a 1936 American musical movie directed by Lewis Milestone and was based on the 1934 musical of the same name by Guy Bolton and P. G. Wodehouse. It stars Bing Crosby, Ida Lupino, Charles Ruggles, Ethel Merman, Grace Bradley, Arthur Treacher, Robert McWade, Richard Carle, Margaret Dumont, Edward Gargan and was distributed by Paramount Pictures. Other websites 1936 movies 1930s musical movies American musical movies Movies based on musicals Movies directed by Lewis Milestone Paramount Pictures movies
886938	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midnight%20Madonna	Midnight Madonna	Midnight Madonna is a 1937 American drama movie directed by James Flood and starring Warren William, Mady Correll, Edward Ellis, Jonathan Hale, Joe Sawyer, Irene Franklin, Joseph Crehan. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures. Other websites 1937 movies 1930s drama movies American drama movies Movies directed by James Flood Paramount Pictures movies
886939	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunrise%20at%20the%20Spl%C3%BCgen%20Pass%20%28Bazzi%29	Sunrise at the Splügen Pass (Bazzi)	Sunrise at the Splügen Pass is a 19th-century painted in oil by the italian npainter Carlo Bazzi, made in 1900. Completed on November 8, 1900, it is a work of art that was exhibited in the exhibition IV Triennial of Milan of 1900 Some have seen in Levata del sole allo Spluga an answer verística Milanese to Monet's Impression, rising sun with its colors and lights characteristic. Related pages Carlo Bazzi Symbolism Bibliography Brera Academy, Quarta esposizione triennale: 1900 ; catalogo ufficiale; Milan, (Palazzo di Brera) Milan, 1900 Agostino Mario Comanducci, "Pittori italiani dell'Ottocento: dizionario critico e documentario", 1933, Milano, Ed. Casa Editrice Artisti d'Italia, pag. 42 Agostino Mario Comanducci, "Dizionario illustrato dei pittori e incisori italiani moderni", Seconda edizione riveduta da L. Pelandi, Milano, 1945, Ed. Ovem, pag. 48 H. Vollmer - Kunslerlex, 1953, pag. 142 Agostino Mario Comanducci, Dizionario illustratori pittori e incisori italiani moderni, III ediz. Milan Heinrich, Claude Monet'', Taschen, 2004 ISBN 9-8228-6198-7 Other websites References 20th-century paintings
886941	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forgotten%20war	Forgotten war	"The Forgotten War" (capitalized) most often refers to: Forgotten War (book), a 2013 book about the Australian frontier wars The Korean War (in the United States) The Ifni War (in Spain) The term forgotten war is also sometimes, though much less commonly and less specifically, used to refer to: The Southern theater of the American Revolutionary War The Philippine–American War The War of 1812 (outside of the United States) The First and Second Barbary Wars The campaigns in Finland during World War II (outside of Finland) The Forest Brothers resistance in the Soviet-occupied Baltic states The Laotian Civil War (outside of Laos) The Burma Campaign (outside of Burma) The Spanish Civil War (outside of Spain) The Soviet–Afghan War The First and Second Chechen Wars (outside of Chechnya) The War in Afghanistan (outside of Afghanistan) The Donbas War (outside of Ukraine) Wars by type
886961	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bowers%2C%20Delaware	Bowers, Delaware	Bowers is a town in Kent County, Delaware, United States. References Towns in Delaware
886974	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/2025%20Barbadian%20presidential%20election	2025 Barbadian presidential election	The 2025 Barbadian presidential election is start in 20 October 2025 See also 2021 Barbadian presidential election President of Barbados 2025 Presidential elections
886976	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorrowful%20Jones	Sorrowful Jones	Sorrowful Jones also known as Damon Runyon's Sorrowful Jones is a 1949 American comedy movie directed by Sidney Lanfield and starring Lucille Ball, Bob Hope, Bruce Cabot, William Demarest. It is a remake of the 1934 movie Little Miss Marker and was distributed by Paramount Pictures. Other websites 1949 movies 1940s comedy movies American comedy movies Paramount Pictures movies Movies directed by Sidney Lanfield
886980	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roadhouse%20Nights	Roadhouse Nights	Roadhouse Nights is a 1930 American crime movie directed by Hobart Henley and starring Helen Morgan, Charles Ruggles, Fred Kohler, Jimmy Durante, Tammany Young, Lou Clayton. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures. Other websites 1930 movies 1930s crime movies American crime movies Paramount Pictures movies Movies directed by Hobart Henley
886997	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Night%20of%20Nights	The Night of Nights	The Night of Nights is a 1939 American drama movie directed by Lewis Milestone and starring Pat O'Brien, Olympe Bradna, Roland Young, Reginald Gardiner, George E. Stone, Murray Alper, Richard Denning, Ethan Laidlaw. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures. Other websites The Night of Nights at the Internet Movie Database The Night of Nights at Allmovie 1939 movies 1930s drama movies American drama movies Movies directed by Lewis Milestone Paramount Pictures movies
887006	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarcohyla%20cyanomma	Sarcohyla cyanomma	The blue-eyed aquatic tree frog (Sarcohyla cyanomma) is a frog that lives in Mexico. It lives in pine-oak forests. Scientists have seen it between 2640 and 2670 meters above sea level in the Sierra Juárez mountains. References Frogs Animals of North America
887022	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paolo%20Sala	Paolo Sala	Paolo Sala (born Milan in 1859) is an italian painter. Biography Sala began his studies in architecture and then attended the Brera Academy in Milan, and trained under the guidance of Camillo Boito. He dedicates himself to the painting of subjects of romantic landscapes. In 1880 he won the Mylius Bernocchi Prize with a work of contemporary history "The Battle of Megenta of 1859. Style Sala is famous for its romantic landscapes painted with lyrical intensity, but permeated with a strong realism due to the study of the impression from the real. Fervent traveler has painted the Russian, English, Dutch cities, the Venice lagoon, and the Lombard views and in particular he focused on Lake Como and the village of Lierna. Exhibitions Naples, 1880 Milan, 1881 Milkano, 1883 Rome 1883 Milan, 1886 Venice National Art Exhibition, 1887 Bibliography Angelo De Gubernatis, Ugo Matini, "Dizionario degli artisti italiani viventi, pittori, scultori e architetti", Ed. Le Monnier, 1889 Guido Marangoni, Mostra individuale del pittore Paolo Sala, Galleria Pesaro, Milano, 1922 Mostra del compianto pittore Paolo Sala, Milano, Ed. Bestetti Edizioni d'Arte, feb. 1931 1859 births
887040	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beji%20%28cookie%29	Beji (cookie)	Beji (Berji, Pashi, or Barsaq) is a traditional Kurdish sweet that is mostly prepared in Kermanshah, Ilam, and Kurdistan. Beji is made from a combination of wheat oil and flour. After frying, some sugar or powdered sugar is poured on it and used. Ingredient Beji is made from flour, sugar, oil, eggs, milk, cumin, fennel and turmeric. All ingredients are mixed together and fried in oil and garnished with sugar. Name The word beji or berji is derived from the source berjanen, which in southern Kurdish means toast. Beji or burji means roasted. In another narration, beji means (survival) and is a kind of traditional homemade sweet that was used in the past as a travel bag and it means to eat and stay alive. References Foods Fried foods
887045	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luo%20Yiwei	Luo Yiwei	Luo Yiwei (born 18 January 1990) is a Singapoean track cyclist. She competed at the 2017 South-East Asian Games, 2018 Commonwealth Games, and 2021 UCI Track Cycling Championships. References 1990 births Cyclists
887046	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepali%20Congress%2C%20Province%20No.%202	Nepali Congress, Province No. 2	Nepali Congress, Province No. 2 The ruling Nepali Congress is the Pradesh Congress Committee. The current leader of the Nepali Congress parliamentary party in the state is Ram Saroj Yadav who is also the Minister of Physical Infrastructure of the state. See also Bimalendra Nidhi Ram Saroj Yadav Saraswati Chaudhary Reference
887051	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rinata%20Sultanova	Rinata Sultanova	Rinata Sultanova (born 17 March 1998) is a Kazakh road and track cyclist. She competed at the 2020 UCI Track Cycling Championship, and 2021 UCI Track Cycling Championship. She was national champion at the 2021 Kazakhistan National Time Trial Championships. She won the silver medal at the 2020 Asian Track Cycling Championship. References Other websites Rinata Sultanova of Kazakhstan lies injured after the crash, Getty Images 1988 births
887052	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram%20Saroj%20Yadav	Ram Saroj Yadav	Ram Saroj Yadav is a Nepalese Politician who is the parliamentary party leader for the Nepali Congress in the Provincial Assembly of Province No. 2. Yadav, a resident of Dhanusha, was elected to the 2017 provincial assembly elections from Dhanusha3(A). He is the Deputy-CM and Physical Infrastructure Minister for Province No. 2 and took office on 9 June 2021. He a leader close to Nepali Congress central committee Vice President and former deputy Prime minister of Nepal, Bimalendra Nidhi. See also Bimalendra Nidhi Nepali Congress, Province No. 2 Nepali Congress References 1953 births Nepali Congress politicians Living people Government ministers of Nepal
887059	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy%20van%20Grinsven	Guy van Grinsven	Guy van Grinsven (6 January 1949 Maastricht – 11 October 2021 Maastricht) was a Dutch photographer. Van Grinsven was the founder of "Studiopress" Life He started his career as an aircraft manufacturer at aircraft manufacturer Fokker. Photography was initially only his hobby, but he already followed a course at the Dutch Photo School. He was employed as a photographer for a period of three years by the National Photo Press Agency, and was Dutch correspondent for the Associated Press. He was also the TV producer and presenter of the weekly program Niveau Bizz Magazine. He was also the publisher of a magazine, Niveau Bizz magazine, which appears in the Euregio Meuse-Rhine. On September 11, 2001, Guy van Grinsven was the only Dutch photographer-cameraman to witness the attack on the World Trade Center in New York. In 2011, Van Grinsven returned to New York to make a new photo series according to the principle of "Dear-Photography" published among others in his own magazine Niveau Bizz Magazine. Since 2012 he has focused on making photo books about cities and their surroundings References Other websites Guy van Grinsven-Photographer - Guy and Cor Gallery 1949 births 2021 deaths
887068	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethan%20William%20Childress	Ethan William Childress	Ethan William Childress (born February 13, 2009 in Las Vegas, Nevada) is an american actor. He is best known for his work in movies and television. Movies and programs he has starred in include: Diary of a Wimpy Kid Mixed-ish The United States of Tomorrow Miszmasz Other websites 2009 births Living people Actors from Las Vegas, Nevada
887071	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzo%20of%20Sardinia	Enzo of Sardinia	Enzo (died March 14, 1272) was King of Sardinia from 1238 until 1249 when he was captured at the Battle of Fossalta. Nobility 1272 deaths
887074	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social%20Democratic%20Party%20%28Portugal%29	Social Democratic Party (Portugal)	The Social Democratic Party (, ; PSD) is a liberal-conservative party in Portugal. Establishment The PSD was founded in 1974, two weeks after the Carnation Revolution and in 1976 adopted its current name. In 1979, the PSD allied with centre-right parties to form the Democratic Alliance and won that year's election. After the 1983 general election, the party formed a grand coalition with the Socialist Party, known as the Central Bloc. This was before winning the 1985 general election under new leader Aníbal Cavaco Silva, who shifted the party to the right. Leadership Cavaco Silva served as Prime Minister for ten years, instituting major economic liberalisation and winning two landslide victories. After he stepped down, the PSD lost the 1995 election. The party was returned to power under José Manuel Durão Barroso in 2002, but was defeated in the 2005 election. The party was able to return to power after the 2011 elections and four years later was able to win a plurality in the 2015 legislative election, winning 107 seats in the Assembly of the Republic in alliance with the CDS – People's Party, but being unable to form a minority government. The current leader, Rui Rio, a centrist, was elected on 13 January 2018. Today Originally a social-democratic party, the PSD became the main centre-right, conservative party in Portugal. The PSD is a member of the European People's Party and the Centrist Democrat International. Until 1996, the PSD belonged to the European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party and Liberal International. The party publishes the weekly Povo Livre (Free People) newspaper. References Political parties in Europe 1974 establishments in Europe
887080	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/West%20Ukrainian%20People%27s%20Republic	West Ukrainian People's Republic	The West Ukrainian People's Republic (WUPR) was a short-lived unrecognised government in-exile that controlled most of Eastern Galicia (modern day Romania and Moldova) from November 1918 to July 1919. It included the cities of Lviv, Ternopil, Kolomyia, Drohobych, Boryslav, Stanislaviv (now Ivano-Frankivsk) and right-bank Przemyśl, and claimed parts of Bukovina and Carpathian Ruthenia. The WUPR emerged as a breakaway state amid the dissolution of Austria-Hungary, and in January 1919 nominally united with the Ukrainian People's Republic (UPR) as its autonomous Western Oblast. Poland had also claimed this territory, and by July occupied most of it and forced the West Ukrainian government into exile. When the UPR decided late the same year that it would trade the territory for an alliance with Poland against Soviet Russia, the exiled West Ukrainian government broke with the UPR. The exiled government continued its claim until it dissolved in 1923. The coat of arms of the WUPR was azure, a golden lion rampant on a field of blue. The colours of the flag were blue and yellow.
887088	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rebecca%20Ryan	Rebecca Ryan	Rebecca Ryan (born 27 April 1991) is an English actress. Her credits include Debbie Gallagher in the Channel 4 comedy-drama series Shameless (2004–2009), Vicki MacDonald in the BBC One school-based drama series Waterloo Road (2009–2011), and Gemma Dean in the BBC One medical drama Casualty (2017–2019). In 2021, she joined the cast of the ITV soap opera Coronation Street as Lydia Chambers. Other websites 1991 births Living people English child actors English television actors English movie actors Actors from Manchester
887096	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enthalpy%20of%20atomization	Enthalpy of atomization	The enthalpy of atomization is the heat change that resulted to the separation or disintegration of all atoms in a chemical substance. Enthalpy of atomization can representated like ΔatH or ΔHat. References Chemistry
887098	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undecane	Undecane	Undecane/hendecane is a liquid alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)9CH3. It has eleven carbon and 24 hydrogen atoms. It has more isomers than decane and nonane, it has over 159 isomers. Here is the implicit diagram of Undecane. References Alkanes
887099	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dodecane	Dodecane	Dodecane/ dihexyl, bihexyl, adakane 12, or duodecane is a liquid alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)10CH3 (or C12H26). It has 12 carbon atoms and 26 hydrogen atoms. It has more isomers than the proceeding undecane. It has 355 isomers. Here is diagram, composition and structure of Dodecane. References
887101	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ida%20of%20Boulogne	Ida of Boulogne	Ida of Boulogne (1160-1216) was Countess of Boulogne from 1173 until 1216. 1160s births Nobility 1216 deaths
887105	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owen%20Sound%20Attack	Owen Sound Attack	The Owen Sound Attack are a junior ice hockey team in the Ontario Hockey League based in Owen Sound, Ontario, Canada. Based in Owen Sound since 1989, and operating under the current name since 2000, the Attack play their home games at the J.D. McArthur Arena inside the Harry Lumley Bayshore Community Centre. Ontario Hockey League
887110	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plectrohyla	Plectrohyla	Spikethumb frogs (Plectrohyla) are a genus (group of species) of frogs in the family Hylidae. They live in Central America. They live as far north as southern Mexico through Guatemala and northern El Salvador to central and northern Honduras. The last time scientists reexamined the family Hylidae, they moved 21 species into this genus from Hyla. They are called spikethumb because of the spike on their thumbs. The spike is called a prepollex. The name "Plectrohyla" comes from the Greek word plēktron, which means "spur," and hyla, the name of the group in which many of its frogs used to be. Species The following species are in the genus Plectrohyla: References External links . 2007. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 5.1 (10 October 2007). Plectrohyla. Electronic Database accessible at http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.php. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA. (Accessed: Apr 22, 2008). [web application]. 2008. Berkeley, California: Plectrohyla. AmphibiaWeb, available at http://amphibiaweb.org/. (Accessed: Apr 22, 2008). taxon Plectrohyla at http://www.eol.org. Frogs Animals of North America
887116	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/El%20Para%C3%ADso%20Department	El Paraíso Department	El Paraíso (Spanish pronunciation: [el paɾaˈiso]) is a town, with a population of 26,640 (2020 calculation), and a municipality in the Honduran department of El Paraíso. The town is the site of a cigar factory operated by Nestor Plasencia, in which cigars are made under a variety of labels, including that of Rocky Patel. Settlements in Honduras
887117	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead%20Again	Dead Again	Dead Again is a 1991 American romantic mystery thriller movie directed by Kenneth Branagh (who also stars). It also stars Emma Thompson, Andy García, Derek Jacobi, Wayne Knight, Robin Williams, Hanna Schygulla, Campbell Scott, Jo Anderson and was distributed by Paramount Pictures. Other websites 1991 romance movies 1991 thriller movies 1990s mystery movies 1990s psychological movies American romantic thriller movies American mystery movies Movies directed by Kenneth Branagh Paramount Pictures movies Movies about reincarnation
887120	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Eye%20of%20the%20Storm%20%282011%20movie%29	The Eye of the Storm (2011 movie)	The Eye of the Storm is a 2011 Australian drama movie directed by Fred Schepisi and was based on the 1973 novel of the same name by Patrick White. It stars Charlotte Rampling, Geoffrey Rush, Judy Davis, Colin Friels, John Gaden, Helen Morse, Robyn Nevin. Other websites 2011 drama movies Australian drama movies Movies based on books Movies directed by Fred Schepisi
887130	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interstate%20310	Interstate 310	Interstate 310 is the designation for several highways in the United States, which are related to Interstate 10: Interstate 310 (Louisiana), connecting I-10 near Louis Armstrong International Airport with U.S. Route 90 near Boutte Interstate 310 (Mississippi), under construction, connecting I-10 with U.S. Route 90 in Gulfport The Vieux Carré Riverfront Expressway, a canceled freeway in New Orleans planned to be signed as Interstate 310
887137	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin%20B%C3%B6ckle	Benjamin Böckle	Benjamin Böckle (born 17 June 2002) is an Austrian footballer. He plays as a defender for 2. Liga club FC Liefering. He also plays for the FC Salzburg U19 squad in the 2021-22 UEFA Youth League. Carreer He started his career with FC Lauterach. In February 2016 he went on to the FC Red Bull Salzburg Academy. In the 2020-21 season he came to FC Liefering. His debut was in September 2020, he came in for Samuel Major against SK Rapid Wien II. Nationalteam He played for Austria U15, U16, U17 and U18. In 2019 he played for Austria at the UEFA U17 European Championship. Career statistics Club References 2002 births Living people Austrian footballers Players of FC Liefering Association football defenders
887140	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaffeklubben%20Island	Kaffeklubben Island	Kaffeklubben Island or Coffee Club Island (; ) is an island near the northern tip of Greenland. It is uninhabited, which means no people live there. It has the farthest north point on Earth, or the point closest to the North Pole. Discovery American explorer Robert Peary saw Kaffeklubben Island in 1900. This was the first time anyone saw the island. However, he did not visit the island. Nobody visited it until 1921, when the Danish explorer Lauge Koch visited the island and gave it its name. It was named after the coffee club in the University of Copenhagen Geological Museum. In 1969, a Canadian team found that the farthest north point on the island was farther north than Cape Morris Jesup, the farthest north point on mainland Greenland. Because of this, Kaffeklubben Island has the record for having the farthest north point on land. Since then, many deposits of gravel have been found in the sea to the north of the island, such as Oodaaq, 83-42, and ATOW1996. However, they are not permanent. They are usually absorbed by moving ice sheets, move around because of the tides, or sink into the ocean. Geography Kaffeklubben Island is from the North Pole. The island is near Cape James Hill, northwest of Bliss Bay, about east of Cape Morris Jesup. Its farthest north point is 4.4 km north of the farthest north point of Cape Morris Jesup. It is about long, and about across at its widest point. The highest point is about above sea level. Environment Not many things can survive on the island. However, some plants grow on Kaffeklubben Island, including mosses, liverworts, lichens, and the flowering plants Saxifraga oppositifolia (purple saxifrage) and Papaver radicatum (arctic poppy). References Islands of Denmark Coordinates on Wikidata Uninhabited islands Geography of Greenland Atlantic islands Islands of North America
887151	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monster%20Rancher%203	Monster Rancher 3	Monster Rancher 3, known in Japan as , is the third Monster Rancher game. It is the first one for the PlayStation 2. Game The graphics are cel-shaded so it feels more like a cartoon. Discs can be put into the PlayStation 2 to make monsters. It is the first Monster Rancher game to allow previous discs or other monsters to be used, so no discs have to be remembered or found. It is the only Monster Rancher game to allow monsters to be traded. They can be traded between memory cards. Reception Metacritic says the game is mostly enjoyed, but not as much as the previous two Monster Rancher games. Eric Bratcher of Next Generation said it is "A unique, absorbing game that needs to expand its vision in order to live up to its revolutionary roots." In Japan, Famitsu gave it a score of 29 out of 40. References Other websites 2001 video games PlayStation 2 games PlayStation 2-only games Role-playing video games Video games developed in Japan
887152	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terakado%20Seiken	Terakado Seiken	Terakado Seiken (1796 April 16, 1868) was a Confucian scholar. He lived in Japan during the Edo period. He is popular for his writings on Tokyo. He is also known as Yagozaemon. Early life Terakado was born in Mito Domain in 1796. His father was a minor government official. When Terakado was 13 years old, his father died. After his father's death he lived an unpleasant lifestyle. In his late twenties, he turned to Confucianism and opened a school. Like his father, he held a minor position as a samurai. He studied Chinese poetry under Ryokuin Yamamoto. Career In 1831 he wrote a series of essays titled . The essays were compiled as a book and published in 1838. His essays got fame as well as scrutiny from Edo officials. The essays were banned by Edo officials in 1835. After publication the woodblocks were confiscated in 1842. At the same time Terakado was also banned from being an official. After losing his position as a samurai, Terakado wandered Japan. He worked as a schoolteacher and writer. He died on 16 April 1868. Edo Hanjoki was a very critical social satire of the Tokugawa government. He wrote most of the essays in literary kanbun. Kanbun was mostly used in government documents. This brought an additional seriousness to his writings. Whenever he wrote about wealthier districts like Honjo, he usually focused on unpleasant places such as brothels. He compared the upper and lower classes to expose economic inequalities within the Tokugawa government. The Edo Hanjoki influenced upcoming generations of social critics and writers. His other works include "Niigata Hanjoki" and "Essay of Seiken". Terakado's work was mostly written by the scholar Andrew L. Markus. References 1796 births 1868 deaths
887153	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank%20G.%20Clement	Frank G. Clement	Frank G. Clement (June 2, 1920 – November 4, 1969) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 41st Governor of Tennessee from 1953 to 1959 and from 1963 to 1967 and the state's youngest and longest-serving governor in the 20th century. References 1920 births 1969 deaths 20th-century American politicians American Methodists Politicians from Nashville, Tennessee Lawyers from Nashville, Tennessee
887165	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioannes%20%28disambiguation%29	Ioannes (disambiguation)	Ioannes might refer to: Pope John Paul II (Ioannes Paulus II) Pope John Paul I (Ioannes Paulus I) Klaus Iohannis List of popes, has 25 Ioannes Related Stuff to the article
887171	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tridecane	Tridecane	Tridecane/n-tridecane is an alkane with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)11CH3 . Tridecane is a combustible colourless liquid. It has 13 carbon atoms and 28 hydrogen atoms. It has more isomers than preceding one (Dodecane). The laboratory application of Tridecane is distillation chaser. References Alkanes
887182	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beilstein%20database	Beilstein database	The Beilstein database is a database in the field of organic chemistry (organic spectroscopy). Compounds are uniquely identified by their Beilstein Registry Number (BRN). References Databases Organic chemistry
887187	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetradecane	Tetradecane	Tetradecane is an alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)12CH3. It has 14 carbon atoms and 30 hydrogen atoms. It has more isomers than other homologous series behind it. References Hydrocarbons Alkanes
887189	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich%20Konrad%20Beilstein	Friedrich Konrad Beilstein	Friedrich Konrad Beilstein (17 February 1838 – 18 October 1906), Russian name Фёдор Фёдорович Бейльштейн, was a chemist and founder of the famous Handbuch der organischen Chemie (Handbook of Organic Chemistry). He is author of Beilstein database. Biography Beilstein was born in a family of Germany. He went to German school. He studied chemistry at the University of Heidelberg. He has much interest in organic chemistry. He also obtained his master's degree in organic chemistry. For his Ph.D., Beilstein joined Friedrich Wöhler at the University of Göttingen, receiving his doctorate in organic chemistry. References 1838 births 1906 deaths German scientists
887190	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentadecane	Pentadecane	Pentadecane is an alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C15H32. It has 15 carbon atoms and 32 hydrogen atoms. References Hydrocarbons
887191	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceman%20%281984%20movie%29	Iceman (1984 movie)	Iceman is a 1984 American science fiction drama movie directed by Fred Schepisi and starring Timothy Hutton, Lindsay Crouse, John Lone, Josef Sommer, David Strathairn, Philip Akin, Danny Glover. It was distributed by Universal Pictures. Other websites 1984 science fiction movies 1984 drama movies American science fiction movies American drama movies Movies directed by Fred Schepisi Universal Pictures movies
887195	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA%20%28Little%20Mix%20album%29	DNA (Little Mix album)	DNA is the debut studio album by English girl group Little Mix. It was released on 19 November 2012 in the United Kingdom via Syco Music. Musically, DNA is a pop, dance-pop and R&B album, with elements of pop rock, hip hop and funk. Some of the songs on the album were also co-written by members of other girl groups, including Nicola Roberts of Girls Aloud, Shaznay Lewis of All Saints and T-Boz of TLC. Critical reception Upon its release, DNA received positive reviews from music critics. Track listing Notes – signifies an additional vocal producer – signifies a vocal producer Personnel Adapted from AllMusic. Philippe Marc Anquetil – mixing, vocal engineer, vocal producer Dan Aslet – vocal engineer Daniel Aslet – vocal engineer Iyiola Babalola – drums Fred Ball – keyboards, percussion, producer Thomas Barnes – drums Simon Clarke – arranger, alto saxophone, baritone saxophone Ben Collier – vocal engineer Miranda Cooper – programming Tom Coyne – mastering DAPO – mixing Ester Dean – producer, vocal producer Perrie Edwards – vocals Ben Epstein – bass, guitars, producer Brett Farkas – guitars Luke Fitton – guitars, programming Future Cut – engineer, producer Paul Gendler – guitars Serban Ghenea – mixing Matt Gray – programming Michael Hamilton – bass John Hanes – engineer Wayne Hector – composer Brian Higgins – producer, programming Ash Howes – producer Iain James – vocal arrangement, vocal producer, background vocals Josh Jenkin – programming Peter Kelleher – keyboards, synthesizer The Kick Horns – brass Ben Kohn – guitar, keyboards Tyson Kuteyi – engineer Chris Laws – drums, mixing Jon Levine – engineer, piano, producer Darren Lewis – guitars, instrumentation, keyboards Dave Liddell – trombone Steve Mac – keyboards, piano arrangement, producer, string arrangements, synthesizer MNEK – programming Rocky Morris – drums, keyboards, programming Jesy Nelson – vocals Pegasus – producer Leigh-Anne Pinnock – vocals Tim Powell – producer Dann Pursey – engineer Ryan Quigley – trumpet Jacob Quistgaard – guitars Carmen Reece – vocal arrangement, background vocals James F. Reynolds – mixing, vocal producer Daniel Rivera – assistant engineer Andy Robinson – programming Tim Sanders – arranger, tenor saxophone Rufio Sandilands – drums, keyboards, programming Toby Scott – engineer, programming Phil Seaford – assistant engineer Slick Rick – featured artist Richard "Biff" Stannard – producer Shea Stedford – assistant engineer T-boz – Featured Artist Phil Tan – mixing Ben Taylor – engineer, programming Jade Thirlwall – vocals TMS – arranger, producer Dapo Torimiro – engineer, instrumentation, producer Jeremy Wheatley – mixing Darren Wiles – trumpet Xenomania – producer Charts and certifications Weekly charts Year-end charts Certifications Release history References 2012 albums Debut albums Pop albums Dance-pop albums R&B albums
887209	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/First%20Battle%20of%20Ypres	First Battle of Ypres	The First Battle of Ypres took place in the fall of 1914. More than 250,000 people were killed. It was one of the battles of the First World War. World War I
887213	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mondello	Mondello	Mondello is a small borough of the city of Palermo in the autonomous region of Sicily in Southern Italy. Its beach lies between two cliffs called Mount Gallo and Mount Pellegrino. The town was originally a small fishing village situated on marshland, but at the end of the 19th century, it grew into a tourist destination. A number of Liberty-style villas on the seafront promenade have made it one of the gems of Art Nouveau in Europe. History Until the beginning of the 20th century, Mondello was an unhealthy marsh enclosed by two headlands: the Mount Pellegrino described by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe as "the most beautiful promontory in the world" and Mount Gallo. At some point, a Palermitan nobleman had the idea to drain the swamp. Prince Francesco Lanza di Scalea, with the help of a Belgian real estate company, built a plant for the drainage of swampy waters to the sea. The newly rehabilitated areas, previously occupied by the swamp, underwent a process of expansion and evolution from the 18th to the 20th centuries. From 1912 onwards, Mondello became the seat of the high bourgeoisie and the aristocracy. The nobility of the city fostered the construction of several exclusive and aristocratic circles, the construction of villas, and the exploitation of lush gardens. King Ferdinand of Bourbon called it "a corner of paradise". Eventually, the beach of Mondello was born. Attractions Mondello is characterized by a sandy bay that binds the two promontories, called Monte Gallo and Mount Pellegrino, with a coastline of white sand that nowadays is approximately 1.5 kilometers long. The Natural Reserve of Capo Gallo and the reserve of Monte Pellegrino are nearby. Today the area is known for its beach and for its Art Nouveau villas, which characterize the architecture of the borough, making it a landmark in the history of international modernism. Bibliography P.Hardy, A. Bing, A. Blasi, C. Bonetto, K. Christiani, Italy, pp. 759–60, Lonely Planet. W. Dello Russo, Spiagge in Sicilia, Sime Books. Michelin, M. Magni, M. Marca, Sicilia, p. 90, La Guida Verde 2013 Sicilia, p. 39, Lonely Planet, EDT 2013 References Palermo Sicily
887219	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarcohyla%20mykter	Sarcohyla mykter	The keelsnout tree frog or keel-snouted tree frog (Sarcohyla mykter) is a frog that lives in Mexico. Scientists have seen it in cloud forests between 1985 and 2520 meters above sea level. The adult male frog is no longer than 4.0 cm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is no longer than 5.1 cm long from nose to rear end. Its head and body are yellow-green and its legs are yellow-brown. Its entire body is covered in black marks and spots. References Frogs Animals of North America
887225	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelmine%20of%20Bayreuth	Wilhelmine of Bayreuth	Princess Friederike Sophie Wilhelmine of Prussia (3 July 1709 – 14 October 1758) was a princess of the German Kingdom of Prussia (Older sister of Frederick II of Prussia and songwriter she was the eldest daughter of Frederick William I of Prussia and Sophia Dorothea of Hanover, and granddaughter of George I of Great Britain in 1731, she married Frederick, Margrave References 1758 deaths 1709 births Musicians from Berlin House of Hohenzollern
887226	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lukas%20Wallner	Lukas Wallner	Lukas Wallner (born 26 April 2003) is an Austrian professional footballer. He plays as a defender for 2. Liga club FC Liefering. He also plays for the FC Salzburg U19 squad in the 2021-22 UEFA Youth League. Carreer He started his career with TSV St. Johann. In 2013 he went on to the youthteam of FC Liefering. 2017 he went on to the Red Bull Salzburg Academy. In the 2020-21 season he came to FC Liefering. His debut was in March 2021. He came in in minute 87 for Bryan Okoh against SV Horn. Nationalteam He played for all youth national teams of Austria. In November 2021 he was part of the U21 squad versus Croatia and Aserbaidschan but did not play. Career statistics Club Notes References 2003 births Living people Austrian footballers Players of FC Liefering
887231	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koichi%20Iida	Koichi Iida	Koichi Iida (May 20, 1888 November 8, 1973) was a Japanese American businessman from Hawaiʻi. He is the founder of Central Pacific Bank. Early life and education Iida was born on 20th May 1888 in Osaka, Japan. He was the son of Matsukichi Iida. His father moved to Honolulu in 1895. Koichi Iida graduated from Osaka Commercial School in 1906. He then moved to Los Angeles, where he studied English. Five years later he moved to Hawaiʻi. He joined his father in running the business. His father left the business to Koichi lida and returned to Japan in 1931. Career Iida was a founding member of the Honolulu Japanese Traders Union. He was elected president in 1928. When the Traders Union merged with the Honolulu Japanese Chamber of Commerce, he became its president in 1940. In the meantime his business continued to grow until World war ll took place. He was imprisoned in several internment camps in United States of America during World war II. He was imprisoned for the duration of the war. He returned to Hawaiʻi in 1945. After he returned, he worked with Daizo Sumida and Shuichi Fukunaga to revive the Honolulu Japanese Chamber of Commerce again. He was again elected the president of the Chamber in 1948. Iida was also the first president of Central Pacific Bank. It was founded in 1954. When Ala Moana Shopping Center opened in 1959, Iida store was one of the first 50 stores in the mall. It was operating in that location until 2005. Iida was awarded the Order of the Sacred Treasure, 5th class, in 1965. He retired from his position as Board Member of Central Pacific Bank in 1970. He died on 8 November 1973. References Other websites 1888 births 1973 deaths People from Osaka
887232	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arne%20N%C3%A6ss	Arne Næss	Arne Dekke Eide Næss ( ; ; 27 January 1912 – 12 January 2009) was a Norwegian philosopher who coined the term "deep ecology". In 1960 he started a periodical - a scientific periodical (or magazine) Inquiry. References Norwegian people 1912 births 2009 deaths
887233	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s%20Republic%20of%20Angola	People's Republic of Angola	The People's Republic of Angola () was a socialist state which governed Angola from its independence in 1975 until 25 August 1992, during the Angolan Civil War.
887238	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adelshofen%2C%20Upper%20Bavaria	Adelshofen, Upper Bavaria	Adelshofen is a municipality in the district of Fürstenfeldbruck in Bavaria in Germany. References Fürstenfeldbruck (district)
887239	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alling	Alling	Alling is a municipality in the district of Fürstenfeldbruck in Bavaria in Germany. References Fürstenfeldbruck (district)
887242	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oshakati	Oshakati	Oshakati is a town of 37,000 inhabitants in the Oshana Region of Namibia. It is the regional capital and was officially founded in July 1966. The city was used as a base of operations by the South African Defence Force (SADF) during the South African Border War. Oshakati is divided into the electoral constituencies of Oshakati East and Oshakati West. References
887243	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oshakati%20East	Oshakati East	Oshakati East is an electoral constituency in the Oshana Region of Namibia. It comprises the eastern parts of the town of Oshakati. The Okatana River separates Oshakati East from the Oshakati West constituency. The constituency had 22,634 inhabitants in 2004 and 19,606 registered voters . Politics In the 2010 regional elections, SWAPO's Lotto Kuushomwa won with 6,501 votes. He defeated Epafras Nghinamundova representing the Rally for Democracy and Progress (RDP, 276 votes), Agatus Antanga of the Democratic Turnhalle Alliance (DTA, 72 votes), Timoteus Kambishi of the Congress of Democrats (CoD, 34 votes) and Ndateelela Nakale of SWANU (16 votes). Councillor Kuushomwa (SWAPO) was reelected in the 2015 regional elections. He won with 5,559 votes, far ahead of Daniel Andreas (DTA) with 241 votes and Natangwe Shiwayu (RDP) with 81 votes. The SWAPO candidate also won the 2020 regional election, albeit by a much smaller margin. Abner Shikongo obtained 4,575 votes, followed by Simon Neshiko of the Independent Patriots for Change (IPC), with 2,411 votes. References Constituencies of Oshana Region
887244	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oshakati%20West	Oshakati West	Oshakati East is a constituency in the Oshana Region of northern Namibia. It is made up of the eastern parts of the town of Oshakati. The Okatana River separates Oshakati East from the Oshakati West constituency. The constituency had 22,634 inhabitants in 2004 and 19,606 registered voters . Current councillor is Martin Aram. References Constituencies of Oshana Region
887248	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward%20Rosling	Edward Rosling	Sir Edward Rosling (4 December 1863 - 19 January 1946) was a Ceylonese tea planter and politician. Edward Rosling was born 4 December 1863 in Barnes, Surrey, England. He was the eldest son of his parents. His father Joseph Rosling (1830 - 1890) was a timber merchant in Nutfield. His mother's name was Julia Victoria née Black (1838 - 1927). He had two half siblings: Mary (b.1858) and Katherine (b.1859) from his father's first marriage. He had three sisters: Margaret (b. 1866), Ethel (b.1869) and Josephine (b.1872) and one brother, Percy (b.1867). Rosling was educated at Queenwood College, Hampshire. In 1886, at the age of 23, he travelled to Ceylon. He was apprenticed as a "creeper" in Ceylon on a tea plantation in Ambagamuwa. In late 1888 he took up a position as a manager on a tea estate in Nanu Oya. He worked as a tea planter for 27 years. He served as the chairman of the Anglo-Ceylon and General Estates Company Limited. In 1899, he was elected as the president of the Hill Club in Nuwara Eliya. In 1900, he was elected as the chairman of the Planter's Association. After serving for a year, he was re-elected as chairman between 1909 and 1911. In November 1902, Rosling was appointed as an unofficial member of the Legislative Council of Ceylon and a Justice of the Peace. He served on the Council for ten years. He was retired from the Council in 1913. His position on the Council was later filled by William Duff Gibbon. He married to Isabella Graham White (1866-1958) on 28 June 1888 at Duncairn Church in Belfast, Ireland. They had seven children: Josephine (b.1890), Alfred (b.1892), Edward (b.1895), Isobel Phyllis (b.1898), Percy Campbell (b.1902), Edward (b.1904) and Hugh Patrick (b.1910). Rosling was knighted in June 1913 for his services on the Legislative Council of Ceylon. After retirement, he returned to England and became the chairman of the Ceylon Association in London between 1914 and 1915. He died on 19 January 1946 in Weybridge, Surrey, England. He is buried in the cemetery at St. Peter's church in Hersham, Surrey. Notes References 1863 births 1946 deaths People from Surrey
887261	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four%20Beauties	Four Beauties	The Four Beauties or the Four Great Beauties are the four popular and beautiful Chinese women. They are Xi Shi, Wang Zhaojun, Diaochan and Yang Guifei. They all drew the attention of a ruling king or emperor in their respective times. They became famous by influencing the kings and emperors. Their actions impacted the Chinese history. Three of the Four Beauties controlled the kingdoms. Their lives ended in bad luck. The Four Beauties of China The Four Great Beauties lived in the time of four different dynasties. Each of them live hundreds of years apart. In chronological order, they are the following: Xi Shi (c. 7th to 6th century BC, Spring and Autumn period) Legend says that Xi Shi was so beautiful. When fish look at her, they forget to swim and sink below the water surface. Xi Shi is from Zhuji, Zhejiang Province. Zhuji was the capital of the Ancient Yue Kingdom. Goujian was the King of Yue Kingdom. He went through ten years of hardship. He wanted to defeat Fuchai. Fuchai was the King of Wu Kingdom. Xi Shi was part of his plan. Xi Shi loved Fan Li. But Goujian gifted beautiful Xi Shi to Fuchai. It was done to attract him. Fuchai fell in love with her. Fuchai lost his fighting will after he met Xi Shi. He was making Xi Shi happy all the time. Due to this, Goujian was able to defeat Fuchai. Fuchai fell sad for accepting the gift. He killed himself. There are two stories of Xi Shi. In one story, Goujian killed her by drowning her. It was because he was afraid of being charmed by her like that of Fuchai. In another story, she came to Fan Li. They lived happily ever after. Wang Zhaojun (c. 1st century BC, Western Han dynasty) According to literature, the beauty of Wang Zhaojun would charm flying birds to fall from the sky. Wang Zhaojun had entered the harem of Emperor Yun at a young age. She remained as a lady-in-waiting. She was never visited by the emperor. At that time, the concubines of the emperor were chosen through the portraits. So, most women secretly gave money to the painters. It was done to make their portraits look more beautiful. Wang Zhaojun refused to do this. So, her portrait was painted as an ugly one. In 33 B.C., Hu Hanye visited the Imperial Court. He asked for a beautiful Han lady to be his wife. Therefore, he was presented with Wang Zhaojun. She was asked to appear before the court. The Emperor saw her in real life. Emperor Yun was shocked. The painter of her portrait was later killed for cheating the emperor. Diaochan (c. 3rd century, Late Eastern Han/Three Kingdoms period) Diaochan is said to be so bright and lovely. Literature says that the moon itself would shy away when compared to her face. Her father presented her to the warrior Lu Bu. He said that some day he could marry her. He then brought her to Dong Zhuo and did the same. He asked on taking her as a mistress immediately. Lu Bu found this out. He killed and burned Dong Zhuo. He took Diaochan as his own wife. Yang Guifei (719–756, Tang dynasty) According to literature, Yang Guifei's look puts all flowers to shame. She was known for having a larger body figure. During her time, such body types were considered beautiful. She was the imperial consort of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang dynasty. During the An Lushan Rebellion, Emperor Xuanzong and his men were moving from the capital Chang'an to Chengdu. On the way, the emperor's guards demanded that the emperor should kill Yang. It was because they blamed the rebellion's cause on her cousin Yang Guozhong and her family members. The emperor tried to stop this but he failed. So, he ordered his attendant Gao Lishi to kill Yang. At first, she was buried without a coffin. Later, Emperor Xuanzong secretly sent men to rebury her with a coffin. When they found the body, it was already decomposed. When the Emperor returned to Chang'an, an artist painted a picture of Consort Yang in a secondary palace. He frequently went there to see her portrait. References Chinese culture Lists of women Articles containing Chinese-language text
887265	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makiko%20Mori	Makiko Mori	Makiko Mori was a Japanese novelist. She won the 1980 Izumi Kyōka Prize for Literature for her book . Her real name was Eiko Matsuura. Early life and education Mori was born on 19 December 1934 in Sakata, Japan. She was the second child of three children. Her father was a physician. When she was six years old, her father died. Mori began suffering from rheumatism when she was 10 years old. She graduated from Yamagata Prefectural Sakata Higashi High School in 1953. When she was 19 years old, her mother died. Mori left home after her mother's death. She moved to Kobe and then Tokyo. She began reading a lot. She loves to read the works of Jean-Paul Sartre, Franz Kafka, Kōbō Abe and Yutaka Haniya. Career Mori made her debut as a writer in 1965 with the novel . Her novel won the Bungakukai New Writer's Award and was nominated for the Akutagawa Prize. Several of her other books were also nominated for this award, such as in 1965, in 1969, and in 1971. Three of her works were nominated for the Women's Literature Award. Her book won the Izumi Kyōka Prize for Literature in 1980. Mori lived a solitary life. Her death was discovered on 17 November 1992. Throughout her career she wrote nine books. later wrote a book about her life that was called . Style Mori's style was known for her isolated female character who live depressing (sad) lives. They are often emotional and wander with little sense of identity. Many of her works are about isolation and end with death. References 1934 births 1992 deaths
887270	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yang%20Guifei	Yang Guifei	Yang Yuhuan () or Yang Guifei ( ) or Taizhen () was the wife of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang during his later years. She is known as one of the Four Beauties of ancient China. During the An Lushan Rebellion, Emperor Xuanzong and his men were moving from the capital Chang'an to Chengdu. At that time, the emperor's guards demanded that he should kill Yang. It was because they blamed the rebellion on her cousin Yang Guozhong and the rest of her family. The emperor tried to stop this but he failed. So, he ordered his attendant Gao Lishi to kill Yang by strangling. Background Yang was born in 719 during the reign of the Tang Dynasty. It was early in the time of Emperor Xuanzong. Yang's father Yang Xuanyan () served as a census official at Shu Prefecture (; in modern Chengdu, Sichuan). His family went there with him. He had no sons, but had four daughters. These daughters were known to history as Yang Yuhuan and three older sisters. Yang's father died when she was very young. So, she was raised by her uncle Yang Xuanjiao (). Her uncle was a low-ranking official at Henan Municipality (; modern Luoyang). Princess and Taoist nun In 733, fourteen-year-old Yang Yuhuan married Li Mao. Li Mao was the Prince of Shou and the son of Emperor Xuanzong and Consort Wu. Yang had the title of Princess of Shou. Consort Wu died in 737. So, Emperor Xuanzong was very sad by the death. Some time later, Princess Yang came into Xuanzong's favor. So, the Emperor decided to take her as his wife. But Princess Yang was already the wife of his son. So, Emperor Xuanzong arranged her to become a Taoist nun. The name Taizhen was given to her to avoid bad fame from the people. He planned of making her his wife. Yang stayed for a some time as a Taoist nun in the palace itself. Emperor Xuanzong married his son with a new bride. After that, he made Yang his imperial consort. Imperial consort In 745, Emperor Xuanzong officially made Taizhen an imperial consort. She was given the rank of Guifei. Guifei was greater than the previously highest rank of Huifei. He gave honors on her dead father Yang Xuanyan. He also granted her mother the title of Lady of Liang. He also gave high offices to her uncle Yang Xuangui () and cousins, Yang Xian () and Yang Qi (). Her three elder sisters were given the ranks of Ladies of Han, Guo, and Qin. The five Yang family members - Yang Xian, Yang Qi, and the Ladies of Han, Guo, and Qin were said to be honored very much. All of the officials tried to praise them. At the same time, Consort Yang introduced her second cousin Yang Zhao (whose name was later changed to Yang Guozhong) to Emperor Xuanzong. Yang Zhao praised the emperor very much. So, his position rose quickly. Consort Yang was so favored by the Emperor. Whenever she rode a horse, the eunuch Gao Lishi would take her care. 700 workers were engaged to sew clothes for her. Officials and generals praised her by offering many tributes. In 746, she made Emperor Xuanzong angry by being jealous. She was rude to him. So, he had sent her to Yang Xian's house. Gao knew that the emperor missed Consort Yang. So, he requested the Emperor to send all the treasures in Consort Yang's palace to her. Emperor Xuanzong agreed with that. He sent imperial meals to her as well. That night, Gao requested the Emperor Xuanzong to welcome Consort Yang back to the palace. It was readily accepted by Emperor Xuanzong. After that, she was even more favored. No other imperial consorts could have his favor. In 747, the military governor (jiedushi) An Lushan came to the capital Chang'an to meet Emperor Xuanzong. Emperor Xuanzong showed him much favor. He allowed him to enter into his palace. An had an honor from Consort Yang as a mother. In 750, Consort Yang again made Emperor Xuanzong angry with her words. He sent her back to her clan. The official Ji Wen () told Emperor Xuanzong that he had overreacted. Emperor Xuanzong fell sorry for his actions. He again sent imperial meals to her. She wept to the eunuchs bringing the meal. She cut off some of her hair. She sent the hair back to Emperor Xuanzong. Emperor Xuanzong sent Gao to bring her back to the palace. After this, he even loved her more than ever. In 751, An Lushan again visited Chang'an. On An's birthday on 20 February, 751, Emperor Xuanzong and Consort Yang gave award to him. On 23 February, An was called to the palace. At this time, Consort Yang pleased Emperor Xuanzong. She had an very big child wrapping. She wrapped the fat An in it. This caused much laughter among the ladies in waiting and eunuchs. Emperor Xuanzong asked what was going on. Consort Yang's attendants joked that Consort Yang gave birth to a baby, Lushan. Emperor Xuanzong was very happy with the funny situation. So, he rewarded both Consort Yang and An greatly. After that, An was allowed freedom to enter into the palace. False news about the affairs between An and Consort Yang was spread. But Emperor Xuanzong stopped the false news. An Lushan's rebellion and Consort Yang's death Yang Guozhong and An Lushan soon were in conflict. Yang Guozhong repeatedly acted badly. For example, he captured and killed many staff members from An's house in Chang'an. In 755, An finally rebelled. He marched his armies toward the capital. The emperor wanted to control the public. Emperor Xuanzong thought of passing the throne to his crown prince, Li Heng. Yang Guozhong was not on having good relationship with the prince. So, he feared this development. He requested Consort Yang and her sisters, the Ladies of Han, Guo, and Qin, to speak against it. They did so. So, Emperor Xuanzong did not leave the throne. In 756, Yang Guozhong forced General Geshu Han to engage An Lushan. General Geshu Han was defeated. Tong Pass was the last major imperial defense. It fell to An's forces. Yang Guozhong suggested the emperor to escape to Chengdu. On 14 July, Emperor Xuanzong secretly left Chang'an for Chengdu. He was accompanied by Consort Yang, her family, and his close family members. He was also accompanied by Yang Guozhong, his fellow chancellor Wei Jiansu and the official Wei Fangjin (), the general Chen Xuanli. On 15 July, Emperor Xuanzong's team reached Mawei Courier Station (, in modern Xianyang, Shaanxi). The imperial guards were hungry and angry at Yang Guozhong. General Chen Xuanli believed that Yang Guozhong's actions had started this bad events. The imperial guards declared that Yang Guozhong was planning something with the Tibetans. They killed Yang Guozhong, his son Yang Xuan (), Consort Yang's sisters, the ladies of Han and Qin and Wei Fangjin. The soldiers then surrounded Emperor Xuanzong's place. The Emperor came out to comfort them. He even ordered them to go. But they refused to leave. Emperor Xuanzong sent Gao Lishi to ask General Chen Xuanli for his advice. Chen replied that the Emperor should kill Consort Yang. At first, the Emperor refused. But Wei E (, Wei Jiansu's son) and Gao Lishi got agreed with Chen. So, the Emperor also agreed. Gao took Consort Yang to a Buddhist shrine and killed her. Consort Yang's body was shown to Chen and the other imperial guard generals. After that, the soldiers went away and continued the journey. Consort Yang was buried at Mawei, without a coffin. In 757, Prince Li Heng had taken the throne as Emperor Suzong. He recaptured Chang'an and welcomed ex-Emperor Xuanzong. Xuanzong wanted to rebury Consort Yang's body with honor. The official Li Kui spoke against it. He pointed out that the imperial guard might again stand against it. However, Xuanzong secretly sent men to rebury her with a coffin. When he returned to Chang'an, a painter created a picture of Consort Yang in a secondary palace. He often went there to see the portrait. Personal characteristics Yang was known for having a larger figure. In the time of Tang dynasty, such body types were wanted so much. Because of that, Yang is often compared and contrasted with Empress Zhao Feiyan. The latter is known for being a slender person. This led to the four-character idiom huanfei yanshou (). This describes the physical range of the types of beauties between Zhao and Yang. References Chinese people Chinese royalty Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text Articles containing Chinese-language text
887276	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom%20of%20Portugal	Kingdom of Portugal	The Kingdom of Portugal (, ) was a monarchy on the western part of Iberian Peninsula and the predecessor of the modern Portuguese Republic. The predecessor of the Kingdom of Portugal was the County of Portugal, established in the 9th century as part of the Reconquista, by Vímara Peres, a vassal of the King of Asturias. The county became part of the Kingdom of León in 1097, and the Counts of Portugal established themselves as rulers of an independent kingdom in the 12th century, following the battle of São Mamede. The kingdom was ruled by the Alfonsine Dynasty until the 1383–85 Crisis, after which the monarchy passed to the House of Aviz. History During the 15th and 16th century, Portuguese exploration established a vast colonial empire. From 1580 to 1640, the Kingdom of Portugal was in personal union with Habsburg Spain. After the Portuguese Restoration War of 1640–1668, the kingdom passed to the House of Braganza and thereafter to the House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. From this time, the influence of Portugal declined, but it remained a major power due to its most valuable colony, Brazil. After the independence of Brazil, Portugal sought to establish itself in Africa, but was ultimately forced to halt its expansion due to the 1890 British Ultimatum, eventually leading to the collapse of the monarchy in the 5 October 1910 revolution and the establishment of the First Portuguese Republic. Portugal was an absolute monarchy before 1822. It alternated between absolute and constitutional monarchy from 1822 until 1834, and was a constitutional monarchy after 1834. References
887278	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia%20Cooperation%20Dialogue	Asia Cooperation Dialogue	The Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD) is an intergovernmental organization created on 18 June 2002. It was created to promote Asian cooperation. The organization covers all of Asia. Its secretariat is in Kuwait. History The idea of an Asia Cooperation Dialogue was talked about at the First International Conference of Asian Political Parties (held in Manila between 17–20 September 2000) by Surakiart Sathirathai. People thought that Asia as a continent should have its own forum to discuss Asia-wide cooperation. The idea was formally put forward during the 34th ASEAN Foreign Ministers Meeting in Hanoi, 23–24 July 2001, and at the ASEAN Foreign Ministers Retreat in Phuket, 20–21 February 2002. Ministerial meetings Summits Member states The ACD was founded by 18 members. The organization currently has 34 states, listed below (it includes all current members of the ASEAN and the GCC). Overlapping regional organization membership in italics. References Organizations based in Asia
887286	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahinda%20Yapa%20Abeywardena	Mahinda Yapa Abeywardena	Mahinda Yapa Abeywardena (born 10 October 1945) is a Sri Lankan politician. He is the current Speaker of the Sri Lankan Parliament. He first entered parliament in 1983 as the Hakmana United National Party and has been active in politics for more than 30 years. Early life Mahinda Yapa Abeywardena was a young MP when he openly criticised the 1987's Indo-Lanka agreement for new provincial councils system to be established in Sri Lanka. He along with Chandrakumara Wijeya Gunawardena, the member for Kamburupitiya voted against the bill in Parliament becoming the only two government members who voted against it. He was later removed by Hon. President J. R. Jayewardene from his Parliamentary seat for violation the party rules by not voting the bill. Career He later joined hands with Gamini Dissanayake and Lalith Athulathmudali (whom were also against the Indo-lanka agreement) as they too quit United National Party and formed the Democratic United National Front or aka 'Rajaliya-front'. Mahinda Yapa Abeywardena then contested for Southern Provincial Council under DUNF and won. He was then elected as the opposition leader of the Southern Provincial Council in 1993, and he became the Chief Minister of the Southern Provincial Council in 1994. Elected twice as the Chief Minister he was in office from 1994 to 2001. He is said to be one of the most successful Chief Ministers from south for developing the infrastructures that was neglected for more than 5 years due to the dark era of the country. He left office to contest in 2001 general elections and become an opposition MP and served till 2004. After 2004 General elections, he became the Deputy Minister of Healthcare and later the Cabinet Minister for Cultural Affairs & National Heritage. After 2010 General Elections, he was Appointed as the Minister of Agriculture. Having been in office as the Minister of Agriculture for several years he was elected Vice Chairman at the 38th session of the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations FAO Conference held in Rome, Italy in 2013. He was again appointed as the Minister of Parliamentary Affairs in 2015 for a brief period until he resigned and joined the opposition. He is a representative of Matara District for the United People's Freedom Alliance in the Parliament of Sri Lanka. He resides in Kalubowila, Dehiwala. References Sri Lankan politicians 1945 births Living people
887288	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miyoko%20Matsutani	Miyoko Matsutani	Miyoko Matsutani was a Japanese picture book author and folktale researcher. She is best known for writing the book Taro the Dragon Boy. Early life and education Matsutani was born on 14 February 1926 in Tokyo, Japan. She was the youngest child of who was a lawyer and politician. She was a good reader. She graduated from high school in 1943. When she was 11 years old, her father died. Because of death of her father, her family could not afford to send her to college. She worked at a bank called Nihon Kangyō Ginkō and the Japan Travel Bureau. In 1945, when Bombing of Tokyo occurred during World War II, her family moved out to the city of Nakano in Nagano prefecture. She met in Nakano city. Tsubota mentored her as a writer. Career Matsutani's first book was a collection of short stories called , which won the Children's Literature Association New Face Award. She married in 1955. Together they collected traditional legends of the Nagano area. This research inspired her 1960 book Taro the Dragon Boy. It won the Hans Christian Anderssen Award and was later adapted into a movie. She was also popular for her book . It was published in 1964. It won the Noma Prize for children's literature. She also edited the Kaidan Restaurant series. Her books for young readers often focused on the relationship between mothers and children. Her books for older readers had touched upon social issues. Her stories based on folktales were focused on the relationship between humans and nature. Matsutani died of old age on 28 February 2015 in Tokyo. References Other websites Official website 1928 births 2015 deaths
887326	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominika%20Ba%C4%87maga	Dominika Baćmaga	Dominika Baćmaga (born Dominika Muraszewska November 21, 1995 Płock) is a Polish sprinter. Life She was the gold medalist of the 2015 Polish Senior Championships, in the 4 × 400 meters relay. In 2015, she was part of the Polish team (as a member of the 4 × 400 metres relay) for the European Youth Championships, but ultimately did not compete in this competition. In 2016, she was part of the Polish team (again as a member of the 4 × 400 metres relay) for the World Indoor Championships, but ultimately did not compete in these competitions. At the 2021 Tokyo Olympics, she was a reserve in the 4×400 metres relay. References 1995 births Sprinters Living people
887327	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolha%20Paulukouska	Wolha Paulukouska	Wolha Umadzimirauna Paulukouska (born July 13, 1988 in Grodno) is a Belarusian volleyball player. From the 2016/2017 season to October 2019, she played for KSZO Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski. She competed at the finals of the 2009 Women's European Volleyball Championship , 2013 Women's European Volleyball Championship , 2015 Women's European Volleyball Championship , 2017 Women's European Volleyball Championship and 2019 Women's European Volleyball Championship . She represented Belarus in the Europa League in 2012, 2016 and 2017 (6th place). and the 2018 Europa Golden League (6th place). At the club level, she played for Politechnika Śląska Gliwice, Chemnik Police. and Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski. In January 2021, she became a Polish citizen. References 1988 births Volleyball players Living people
887333	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilian%20Republic	Brazilian Republic	Brazilian Republic is the predecessor of Federative Republic of Brazil. The republic began with the deposition of Pedro II in 1889 that ended the Empire of Brazil. First Republic The First Brazilian Republic or República Velha (, "Old Republic"), officially the Republic of the United States of Brazil, refers to the period of Brazilian history from 1889 to 1930. The Old Republic began with the deposition of Emperor Pedro II in 1889, and ended with the Brazilian Revolution of 1930 that installed Getúlio Vargas as a new president. Second Republic The period from 1930 to 1937 is known as the Second Brazilian Republic, Vargas followed a path of social reformism in attempt to reconcile radically diverging interests of his supporters. His policies can best be described collectively as approximating those of fascist Italy under Mussolini, with an increased reliance on populism. Reflecting the influence of the tenentes, he even advocated a program of social welfare and reform similar to New Deal in the United States, prompting U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt to proudly refer to him as "one of two people who invented the New Deal."Vargas sought to bring Brazil out of the Great Depression through statist-interventionist policies. He satisfied the demands of the rapidly growing urban bourgeois groups, voiced by the new (to Brazil) mass-ideologies of populism and nationalism. Like Roosevelt, his first steps focused on economic stimulus, a program on which all factions could agree. Third Republic The period from 1937 to 1945 is known as the Third Brazilian Republic, or Estado Novo. Vargas' four-year term as President under the 1934 Constitution was going to expire in 1938, however, Vargas managed to stay in power after the 1937 Brazilian coup d'état. Through this period, a series of measures were used to restrain political opposition, such as the nomination of Intervenors for the States and censorship of the media. Fourth Republic
887334	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rappin%27%20for%20Jesus	Rappin' for Jesus	"Rappin' for Jesus" is a parody song from 2013. Brian Spinney uploaded it to YouTube, where it has over 77 million views, on February 5, 2013, saying he directed it in high school and Pastor Jim Colerick and his wife Mary Sue wrote it for a Christian youth outreach program by West Dubuque 2nd Church of Christ in Dubuque, Iowa. It became more well known using Reddit. The video links to the church's website, which says it was closed in 2004. It and Brian's YouTube channel were made on January 15, 2013, so The Daily Dot said it and the song are fake. The Huffington Post did not know if it was, but said it is "Very peculiar indeed". Chris English, pastor of GracePoint Church in Dubuque, Iowa, emailed The Christian Post to say he had never heard of the song's pastor or church, and the use of the word nigga was "clearly over the line, and offensive", and it would not work because it had many negative stereotypes about Christians. The Dallas Observer said "it's cheesy. It's bad. It's painful." and it made Christian rap look bad. References Other websites Rappin' for Jesus on YouTube 2013 songs Music memes Parodies
887344	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewel%20Changi%20Airport	Jewel Changi Airport	Jewel Changi Airport (also known as Jewel or Jewel Changi) is a nature-themed entertainment and retail complex on the inside of Changi Airport, Singapore, linked to three of its passenger terminals. Its highlight is the world's tallest indoor waterfall, known as the Rain Vortex, which is surrounded by a lot of plants. Jewel includes gardens, entertainment, a hotel, about 300 dining places, as well as early baggage check-in facilities before flying a plane. It covers a total size of , about 10 storeys – five aboveground and five underground levels. Its attractions include the Shiseido Forest Valley, an indoor garden which is about five storeys, and the Canopy Park at the highest level, featuring more gardens and places for relaxation. Jewel receives about 300,000 people a day. In October 2019, six months after its soft opening, it had welcomed 50 million people, exceeding its first target for the whole year. The complex and airport is located in Changi, at the eastern end of Singapore, approximately northeast from Singapore's Downtown Core. Conception Jewel was made to maintain Changi Airport's status as a major flying hub in the Asia-Pacific. It was first mentioned by Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong in his National Day Rally speech in 2013 as part of Changi Airport's long-term plans to double its capacity by the mid-2020s and "create more opportunities for Singapore and Singaporeans". Built over the former open-air car park in front of Changi Airport Terminal 1, Jewel expanded Terminal 1's arrival hall and baggage claim areas by 70%, and its handling capacity is also expected to increase from 21 to 24 million passengers a year. Jewel was officially opened on 18 October 2019 by Lee Hsien Loong, six months after its soft opening. During this time, it had received 50 million people – about 300,000 people a day – exceeding its initial target of 40-50 million people for the first year. Jewel was developed by Jewel Changi Airport Trustee Pte Ltd, a partnership between Changi Airport Group (CAG) and CapitaLand, through its own shopping mall business, CapitaLand Mall Asia. The project cost S$1.7 billion, and did not involve any government funds or taxpayers’ money. Design and development Jewel's circle glass-and-steel façade was designed by a lot of architects, led by Moshe Safdie, who also designed Singapore's Marina Bay Sands. Renowned local firm RSP Architects Planners & Engineers were the executive architect and structural engineers. The landscape architect was Peter Walker and Partners, who co-designed the National 9/11 Memorial and worked with Safdie on the landscaping of Marina Bay Sands. Benoy were the interior designers; BuroHappold Engineering were responsible for the façade and Lighting Planners Associates handled the lighting. The Rain Vortex was engineered by water design firm WET Design. It has a 360-degree light and sound show projected onto it. Jewel was imagined to put together a marketplace and an urban park. "The component of the traditional mall is combined with the experience of nature, culture, education and recreation, aiming to provide an uplifting experience. By drawing both people and locals, we aim to create a place where the people of Singapore interact with the people of the world," said Safdie. The glass panels of the dome are framed in steel which rests on a complex frame. At night, the glowing dome can be seen from all surrounding areas. Attractions Shiseido Forest Valley A partnership of Shiseido and art collective teamLab, the is one of Asia's largest indoor gardens, spanning five stories and approximately located in the heart of Jewel Changi Airport. It houses around 3,000 trees and 60,000 smaller plants of 120 different that live in high-altitude tropical forests from around the world. The Rain Vortex The Rain Vortex, sponsored as the HSBC Rain Vortex, is the world's largest and tallest indoor waterfall, standing at high. Recirculating rain water is pumped to the roof to free fall through a round hole at up to per minute to a basement-level pool. An acrylic funnel at the bottom prevents splashing and insulates the sound of the cascade. The toroid-shaped roof has more than 9,000 pieces of glass spanning with a sloped oculus as the mouth of the waterfall acting as "a continuation of the building...completed in a liquid form." At night, the circular walls of the waterfall becomes a 360-degree stage for a light-and-sound show. To prevent excess humidity in the Jewel, the waterfall's flow changes direction often to reduce air turbulence. The design process by WET Design engineers included testing a one-fifth-scale model and a full-size partial sample. The Changi Airport Skytrain connecting the terminals passes above ground near the waterfall, allowing passengers remaining airside to see the Vortex and Jewel itself. Canopy Park At the highest level of Jewel, the Canopy Park houses recreation and leisure attractions. About half of the total landscaping is hosted at Canopy Park, including two gardens: Topiary Walk and Petal Garden. The Topiary Walk features animal-shaped topiaries at every corner, while the Petal Garden has seasonal floral displays. The park includes a suspension bridge called the Canopy Bridge that is located above the ground which offers a panoramic view of the Rain Vortex. At long, the Canopy Bridge also has a glass panel flooring at the centre section that offers a view through to level 1 of Jewel. The park also consists of two mazes, situated at the eastern end of the Jewel called the Hedge Maze and Mirror Maze. The Hedge Maze is Singapore's largest with hedge walls standing at high. The maze features gates that can be pushed within that will change the path of the maze. It ends at an elevated watchtower that offers a bird's-eye view of the entire maze. The Mirror Maze is located under the dome with plants branching across the top of the maze. The maze makes use of mirrors and various reflections. Sky Nets The Sky Nets, also called the Manulife Sky Nets for sponsorship reasons, provide children's play facilities, including a Bouncing Net and a Walking Net. The Bouncing Net is long, suspended 8 metres above ground at its highest point. A separate long Walking Net lets people to look down s to Jewel's Level 1. Discovery Slides The Discovery Slides feature four integrated slides: two tube slides and two sliding surfaces. The entire structure sits at an incline, high on one end, and close to on the other, and lets people to view the Forest Valley and the Rain Vortex. The Discovery Slides were designed by Carve and built by Playpoint in Singapore. Foggy Bowls The Foggy Bowls are four concave bowls with depths of between and for people to jump in while mist is released to create an illusion of playing among clouds. Changi Experience Studio The Changi Experience Studio is a space with games and displays relating to Changi Airport's history and lets people a behind-the-scenes look of how the airport is run. Facilities Hotel A hotel within Jewel, with about 130 rooms, operated by the international hotel brand, YOTEL, opened on 12 April 2019. It is YOTEL's second hotel in Singapore after the 2017 opening of the YOTEL on Orchard Road. Aviation facilities An ‘integrated multi-modal transport lounge’ provides ticketing, boarding pass collection and baggage transfer service in a single location. Early check-in facilities allows passengers to check-in and drop off luggage up to 24-hours ahead of regular check-in times. There are dedicated facilities for fly-cruise and fly-ferry passengers. Retail Jewel houses both local and international brands. Tenants include the largest Nike store in Southeast Asia, the first and only Apple Store located inside an airport complex, Marks & Spencer, Muji, Zara, Uniqlo, Singapore's second basement cinema operated by Shaw Theatres with 11 screens including an IMAX theatre with a seating capacity of 828 and Five Spice, a food court by Food Junction with 19 unique stalls and supermarket chain NTUC FairPrice Finest. Jewel also includes American burger places such as A&W Restaurants and Shake Shack, Norwegian fast-casual restaurant Pink Fish, Swiss artisanal chocolatier Läderach, Sichuan restaurants Xiao Bin Lou and Yu's Kitchen, Boston-based ice cream parlour chain Emack & Bolio's, British casual eatery Burger & Lobster, Peruvian restaurant TONITO, Japan's Tokyo Milk Cheese Factory and the first permanent Pokémon Centre in East Asia outside of Japan. Awards Jewel Changi Airport was awarded the 2016 International Architecture Award by The Chicago Athenaeum, an international museum of architecture and design. In November 2019, Jewel Changi Airport was awarded the Special Jury Award at the year's Mapic Awards. In popular culture The song "The Right Time" by Singaporean singer JJ Lin was motivated by Jewel, which was shown in its music video. References Other websites Official website Emporis.com - Changi Airport Buildings and structures in Singapore Buildings and structures completed in the 21st century
887348	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20James%20Sidis	William James Sidis	William James Sidis was a child prodigy. At 18 months old, he could read The New York Times and understand everything. At 6 years, he could calculate any date that fell in the last 10,000 years. At 11 years, he applied for Harvard University and got accepted, while being able to speak 25 separate languages. His IQ was estimated to be about 275, much more than Albert Einstein’s 160. Year of birth missing Year of death missing Child prodigies
887350	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Althegnenberg	Althegnenberg	Althegnenberg is a municipality in Fürstenfeldbruck, Bavaria, Germany. The municipality contains the villages Althegnenberg, Hörbach and Lindenhof. References Fürstenfeldbruck (district)
887352	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egenhofen	Egenhofen	Egenhofen is a municipality in Fürstenfeldbruck, Bavaria, Germany. References Fürstenfeldbruck (district)

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