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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan%20Milisavljevic
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Dan Milisavljevic (born January 31, 1980) is a Canadian astronomer and assistant professor of physics and astronomy at Purdue University.
Milisavljevic received his undergraduate education at McMaster University, where he was enrolled in the prestigious McMaster Arts and Science Programme. Upon graduation in 2004, he was awarded the Commonwealth Scholarship to study at the London School of Economics. There he pursued an MSc in the Philosophy and History of Science, and completed a dissertation on the interpretation of quantum mechanics. In June 2011, Milisavljevic obtained a PhD in physics and astronomy from Dartmouth College. Afterwards, he was a postdoctoral fellow at the Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian before joining the faculty at Purdue.
Milisavljevic specializes in observational work in supernovae and supernova remnants. He is also known for aiding in the discovery of Uranus's moons Ferdinand, Trinculo, and Francisco; and Neptune's moons Halimede, Sao, Laomedeia and Neso.
References
External links
Personal Homepage of Dan Milisavljevic at Dartmouth College
Alumni of the London School of Economics
21st-century Canadian astronomers
Canadian expatriate academics in the United States
Dartmouth College alumni
McMaster University alumni
Living people
1980 births
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/224%20%28number%29
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224 (two hundred [and] twenty-four) is the natural number following 223 and preceding 225.
In mathematics
224 is a practical number,
and a sum of two positive cubes . It is also , making it one of the smallest numbers to be the sum of distinct positive cubes in more than one way.
224 is the smallest k with λ(k) = 24, where λ(k) is the Carmichael function.
The mathematician and philosopher Alex Bellos suggested in 2014 that a candidate for the lowest uninteresting number would be 224 because it was, at the time, "the lowest number not to have its own page on [the English-language version of] Wikipedia".
In other areas
In the SHA-2 family of six cryptographic hash functions, the weakest is SHA-224, named because it produces 224-bit hash values. It was defined in this way so that the number of bits of security it provides (half of its output length, 112 bits) would match the key length of two-key Triple DES.
The ancient Phoenician shekel was a standardized measure of silver, equal to 224 grains, although other forms of the shekel employed in other ancient cultures (including the Babylonians and Hebrews) had different measures. Likely not coincidentally, as far as ancient Burma and Thailand, silver was measured in a unit called a tikal, equal to 224 grains.
See also
224 (disambiguation)
References
Integers
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Readers%E2%80%93writers%20problem
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In computer science, the readers–writers problems are examples of a common computing problem in concurrency. There are at least three variations of the problems, which deal with situations in which many concurrent threads of execution try to access the same shared resource at one time.
Some threads may read and some may write, with the constraint that no thread may access the shared resource for either reading or writing while another thread is in the act of writing to it. (In particular, we want to prevent more than one thread modifying the shared resource simultaneously and allow for two or more readers to access the shared resource at the same time). A readers–writer lock is a data structure that solves one or more of the readers–writers problems.
The basic reader–writers problem was first formulated and solved by Courtois et al.
First readers–writers problem
Suppose we have a shared memory area (critical section) with the basic constraints detailed above. It is possible to protect the shared data behind a mutual exclusion mutex, in which case no two threads can access the data at the same time. However, this solution is sub-optimal, because it is possible that a reader R1 might have the lock, and then another reader R2 requests access. It would be foolish for R2 to wait until R1 was done before starting its own read operation; instead, R2 should be allowed to read the resource alongside R1 because reads don't modify data, so concurrent reads are safe. This is the motiv
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack%20Baskin%20School%20of%20Engineering
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The Baskin School of Engineering, known simply as Baskin Engineering, is the school of engineering at the University of California, Santa Cruz. It consists of six departments: Applied Mathematics, Biomolecular Engineering, Computational Media, Computer Science and Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering, and Statistics.
The school was formed in 1997 and endowed with a multimillion-dollar gift from retired local engineer and developer Jack Baskin.
Although it is a relatively young engineering school, it is already known in the Silicon Valley region and beyond for producing prominent tech innovators, including the founders of companies Pure Storage, Cloudflare, Concur Technologies, Five3 Genomics, and a host of other startups. It is a leader in the field of games and playable media, and was the first school in the country to offer a graduate degree in Serious Games. The school is also renowned for its research in genomics and bioinformatics, having played a critical role in the Human Genome Project. Researchers at UC Santa Cruz were responsible for creating the UCSC Genome Browser, which continues to be an important open-source tool for researchers in genomics. In 2022, the Baskin School continued this work finishing first truly complete sequence of the human genome, covering each chromosome from end to end with no gaps and unprecedented accuracy, is now accessible through the UCSC Genome Browser.
Degrees offered
The Baskin School of Engineering offers degrees in t
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahachiro%20Hata
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was a prominent Japanese bacteriologist who researched the bubonic plague under Kitasato Shibasaburō and assisted in developing the Arsphenamine drug in 1909 in the laboratory of Paul Ehrlich.
Hata received three unsuccessful nominations for the Nobel Prize, one from Swiss surgeon Emil Kocher for Chemistry in 1911 and two by Japanese colleagues Hayazo Ito and G Osawa for Physiology or Medicine in 1912 and 1913, respectively.
Early life
Hata was born in Tsumo Village, Shimane prefecture (now part of Masuda City) as the eighth son of the Yamane family. At the age of 14, he was adopted by the Hata family, whose male members were doctors from generation to generation. Hata completed his medical education in Okayama at the Third Higher School of Medicine (now Okayama University School of Medicine). In 1897, he became an assistant at Okayama Prefectural Hospital where he learned internal medicine from Zenjiro Inoue and biochemistry from Torasaburo Araki.
Plague Research
Sahachiro Hata researched bubonic plague with Japanese bacteriologist and physician, Kitasato Shibasaburō, who co-discovered the infectious agent, a bacterium called Yersinia pestis. Hata worked as an assistant for Kitasato and conducted research into the prevention of plague and other epidemic diseases. Hata helped formulate the "Communicable Disease Prevention Law," which was enacted in 1897 as the first legal framework for disease control in Japan. Among other things the law mandated reporting of certain dise
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limitation%20of%20size
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In the philosophy of mathematics, specifically the philosophical foundations of set theory, limitation of size is a concept developed by Philip Jourdain and/or Georg Cantor to avoid Cantor's paradox. It identifies certain "inconsistent multiplicities", in Cantor's terminology, that cannot be sets because they are "too large". In modern terminology these are called proper classes.
Use
The axiom of limitation of size is an axiom in some versions of von Neumann–Bernays–Gödel set theory or Morse–Kelley set theory. This axiom says that any class that is not "too large" is a set, and a set cannot be "too large". "Too large" is defined as being large enough that the class of all sets can be mapped one-to-one into it.
References
Philosophy of mathematics
History of mathematics
Basic concepts in infinite set theory
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advancing%20Chemistry%20by%20Enhancing%20Learning%20in%20the%20Laboratory
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Advancing Chemistry by Enhancing Learning in the Laboratory (ACELL) is a project for improving the teaching of Chemistry in the Laboratory.
History
The current ACELL project began as APCELL (Australian Physical Chemistry Enhanced Laboratory Learning) in the late 1990s. Initially funded by the Australian Government through its Committee for University Teaching and Staff Development (CUTSD) program, the aim of APCELL was to build a database of tested, educationally-sound undergraduate level experiments in physical chemistry. APCELL ran several workshops at which experiments were tested by staff and students from Australian universities.
To be accepted to the APCELL database, an experiment had to be tested in a third-party laboratory (such as at a workshop), be judged to be educationally-sound, and to complete a peer review process. The educational analyses of experiments which completed this process were published in the Australian Journal of Education in Chemistry.
Additional funding was received from the Department of Education, Science and Training (Australia) through its Higher Education Innovation Program (HEIP) to enable the project to be extended to all areas of chemistry, which is the reason for the name change from APCELL to ACELL.
Whilst the ACELL project is run with the active support of its many contributors, the management team is spread across four universities: Macquarie University, the University of Adelaide, the University of Sydney, and Curtin Universi
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscow%20Mathematical%20Journal
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The Moscow Mathematical Journal (MMJ) is a mathematics journal published quarterly by the Independent University of Moscow and the HSE Faculty of Mathematics and distributed by the American Mathematical Society. The journal published its first issue in 2001. Its editors-in-chief are Yulij Ilyashenko (Independent University of Moscow and Cornell University), Michael Tsfasman (Independent University of Moscow and Aix-Marseille University), and Sabir Gusein-Zade (Moscow State University and the Independent University of Moscow).
External links
Academic journals established in 2001
Mathematics journals
Higher School of Economics academic journals
Quarterly journals
English-language journals
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corps%20of%20Royal%20Canadian%20Electrical%20and%20Mechanical%20Engineers
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The Corps of Royal Canadian Electrical and Mechanical Engineers (RCEME) () is a personnel branch of the Canadian Armed Forces (CF) that provides army engineering maintenance support. All members of the corps wear army uniform. From the 1980s to 2013 it was called the Electrical and Mechanical Engineering Branch.
History
The Royal Canadian Electrical and Mechanical Engineers came into being officially on 15 May 1944, with the fusion of various elements from the Royal Canadian Engineers, Royal Canadian Army Service Corps and Royal Canadian Ordnance Corps, following the model of the Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers (REME).
With the increase of mechanized equipment during World War II, the need to have one corps dedicated to service and maintenance thereof was becoming increasingly apparent. Trucks had become the de facto means of transportation and logistic support, armoured vehicles had replaced cavalry, weapons were becoming more complicated, as well as the advent of radios and radar, it was apparent that the previous model of having a different corps for each job was inadequate for a modern, mechanized army.
The majority of RCEME technicians were, and still are, vehicle mechanics, but the original RCEME structure incorporated 25 different trades and sub-trades, employing specialists for each particular job in order to train and deploy them in time to meet the war's demand. While it was somewhat bulky, it was nonetheless a centralized structure for maintaining the
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafael%20Sorkin
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Rafael Dolnick Sorkin (born c. 1945) is an American physicist. He is professor emeritus of physics at Syracuse University and the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, and a Fellow of the American Physical Society. He is best known as initiator and main proponent of the causal sets approach to quantum gravity.
Biography
Sorkin grew up in Chicago, Illinois, and was educated at the New Trier Township High School (valedictorian, 1963), Harvard University (A.B., Summa Cum Laude, Phi Beta Kappa, 1966), and California Institute of Technology (Ph.D., 1974). He is the son of the American violinist Leonard Sorkin.
Research interests
Sorkin believes that the successful solution of quantum gravity will involve both a reevaluation of gravity in terms of a discrete structure underlying continuous spacetime, and also a reformulation of quantum mechanics. He also hypothesises that the phenomena of topology change and the thermodynamics of the black hole structure provide important clues to the formation of the final synthesis. In this framework he has examined the quantum properties of topological geons (particles created directly from the spacetime topology). His findings include that the topological geons can exhibit remarkable statistical properties. He also discovered evidence that topology change is a required feature of any consistent quantum gravity theory. He has hunted the origin of a black hole's entropy to discover more about how it relates to the synthesis of quantum me
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PNP%20agar
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PNP Agar is an agar medium used in microbiology to identify Staphylococcus species that have phosphatase activity. The medium changes color when p-nitrophenylphosphate disodium (PNP) is dephosphorylated.
PNP agar is composed of Mueller–Hinton agar buffered to pH 5.6 to 5.8, with the addition of 0.495 mg/mL PNP.
References
Microbiological media
Cell culture media
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick%20Hutton%20%28scientist%29
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Captain Frederick Wollaston Hutton (16 November 1836 – 27 October 1905) was an English-born New Zealand scientist who applied the theory of natural selection to explain the origins and nature of the natural history of New Zealand. Whilst an army officer, he embarked on an academic career in geology and biology, to become one of the most able and prolific nineteenth century naturalists of New Zealand.
Early life
Frederick Hutton's biographical accounts assert that he was born at Gate Burton, Lincolnshire, on 16 November 1836, and by parish records was baptised there on 27 January 1837; the second son of the Rev. Henry Frederick Hutton and his wife Louisa Wollaston, daughter of the Rev. Henry John Wollaston. Paternal grandfather, William Hutton, was the owner of the Gate Burton estate. His signed military statement of services, however, records that he was born at Bracknell, Berkshire, England, on 16 November 1836.
He received his early education through Southwell Grammar School, Notinghamshire, and, with a view to entering the Royal Navy, the Royal Naval Academy at Gosport, Hampshire. After brief service as a midshipman in Green's Merchant Service, with three voyages to India in the Alfred, he went on to civil engineer studies at the applied science department of King's College London in 1854–55.
Career
Military
At the age of 18.5 years, Hutton purchased a commission as ensign in the 23rd (Royal Welsh Fusiliers) Regiment of Foot on 18 May 1855. Stationed at Malta, Novembe
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stopford%20Building
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The Stopford Building is the second largest building at The University of Manchester, after the Sackville Street Building. It houses the Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (FBMH). It was built in 1969-72 (architects H. S. Fairhurst & Son). It is now linked on the east side to the Biotech Building of 1999. The cost of the building was £12.5 million and it was described as the largest and most up-to-date in Europe a few years after its completion. The medical school was then providing more doctors than any other British medical school, as well as dentists, graduate nurses, pharmacists, biochemists and psychiatric social workers.
The new Medical School (1972) was given the name of the Stopford Building in memory of Lord Stopford, a former Vice-Chancellor and notable anatomist. It has six lecture theatres. Also within the building is the Stopford Library (a branch of the university library) which caters for the medical scientists and students. (The library was formerly known as the Medical Faculty Library and was an original feature of the building.)
The Stopford Building is located on Oxford Road, Manchester, on the corner of Ackers Street immediately to the south of the Church of the Holy Name and opposite to the Manchester Academy which is next to the University of Manchester Students' Union (UMSU).
References
Buildings at the University of Manchester
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Centre%20for%20Theoretical%20Physics
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The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) is an international research institute for physical and mathematical sciences that operates under a tripartite agreement between the Italian Government, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). It is located near the Miramare Park, about 10 kilometres from the city of Trieste, Italy. The centre was founded in 1964 by Pakistani Nobel Laureate Abdus Salam.
ICTP is part of the Trieste System, a network of national and international scientific institutes in Trieste, promoted by the Italian physicist Paolo Budinich.
Mission
Foster the growth of advanced studies and research in physical and mathematical sciences, especially in support of excellence in developing countries;
Develop high-level scientific programmes keeping in mind the needs of developing countries, and provide an international forum of scientific contact for scientists from all countries;
Conduct research at the highest international standards and maintain a conducive environment of scientific inquiry for the entire ICTP community.
Research
Research at ICTP is carried out by seven scientific sections:
High Energy, Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
Condensed Matter and Statistical Physics
Mathematics
Earth System Physics
Science, Technology and Innovation
Quantitative Life Sciences
New Research Areas (which includes studies related to Energy and Sustainability a
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relevance%20vector%20machine
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In mathematics, a Relevance Vector Machine (RVM) is a machine learning technique that uses Bayesian inference to obtain parsimonious solutions for regression and probabilistic classification.
The RVM has an identical functional form to the support vector machine, but provides probabilistic classification.
It is actually equivalent to a Gaussian process model with covariance function:
where is the kernel function (usually Gaussian), are the variances of the prior on the weight vector
, and are the input vectors of the training set.
Compared to that of support vector machines (SVM), the Bayesian formulation of the RVM avoids the set of free parameters of the SVM (that usually require cross-validation-based post-optimizations). However RVMs use an expectation maximization (EM)-like learning method and are therefore at risk of local minima. This is unlike the standard sequential minimal optimization (SMO)-based algorithms employed by SVMs, which are guaranteed to find a global optimum (of the convex problem).
The relevance vector machine was patented in the United States by Microsoft (patent expired September 4, 2019).
See also
Kernel trick
Platt scaling: turns an SVM into a probability model
References
Software
dlib C++ Library
The Kernel-Machine Library
rvmbinary: R package for binary classification
scikit-rvm
fast-scikit-rvm, rvm tutorial
External links
Tipping's webpage on Sparse Bayesian Models and the RVM
A Tutorial on RVM by Tristan Fletcher
Applied tut
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruy%20Lu%C3%ADs%20Gomes
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Ruy Luís Gomes (5 December 1905 – 27 October 1984) was a Portuguese mathematician who made significant contributions to the development of mathematical physics and the state of academia in Portugal during the twentieth century. He was part of a generation of young Portuguese mathematicians, including António Aniceto Monteiro (1907–1980), Hugo Baptista Ribeiro (1910–1988) and José Sebastião e Silva (1914–1972), who held the common goal of involving Portugal in the global progression of science through conducting and publishing original research. Because of this, however, he began to gain notoriety as a dissident of the Salazar regime, which condemned independent thinking. Eventually, he left Portugal for South America to escape further persecution for his involvement with the Portuguese Communist party. Following his exile, which lasted nearly two decades, Gomes returned to Portugal for the last ten years of his life before he died of a heart attack in 1984.
Early life and education
Ruy Luís Gomes was born on 5 December 1905 in Porto, Portugal to Maria José de Medeiros Alves Gomes and António Luiz Gomes, who was a government official during the Portuguese First Republic. He attended high school at Rodrigues de Freitas High School before moving to Coimbra when his father accepted a position at the University of Coimbra. In 1922, he completed his secondary education at José Falcão High School before continuing on to study mathematics at the University of Coimbra. In 1928, he r
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixation%20index
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The fixation index (FST) is a measure of population differentiation due to genetic structure. It is frequently estimated from genetic polymorphism data, such as single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) or microsatellites. Developed as a special case of Wright's F-statistics, it is one of the most commonly used statistics in population genetics. Its values range from 0 to 1, with 0.15 being substantially differentiated and 1 being complete differentiation.
Interpretation
This comparison of genetic variability within and between populations is frequently used in applied population genetics. The values range from 0 to 1. A zero value implies complete panmixis; that is, that the two populations are interbreeding freely. A value of one implies that all genetic variation is explained by the population structure, and that the two populations do not share any genetic diversity.
For idealized models such as Wright's finite island model, FST can be used to estimate migration rates. Under that model, the migration rate is
,
where is the migration rate per generation, and is the mutation rate per generation.
The interpretation of FST can be difficult when the data analyzed are highly polymorphic. In this case, the probability of identity by descent is very low and FST can have an arbitrarily low upper bound, which might lead to misinterpretation of the data. Also, strictly speaking FST is not a distance in the mathematical sense, as it does not satisfy the triangle inequality.
Fo
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark%20Matter%20%28Reeves-Stevens%20novel%29
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Dark Matter is the title of a 1990 science fiction novel by Garfield Reeves-Stevens. It involves mystery, horror, and physics, and was first published by Doubleday in September 1990.
Notes
1990 novels
American science fiction novels
Doubleday (publisher) books
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stannabenzene
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Stannabenzene (C5H6Sn) is the parent representative of a group of organotin compounds that are related to benzene with a carbon atom replaced by a tin atom. Stannabenzene itself has been studied by computational chemistry, but has not been isolated.
Stable derivatives of stannabenzene
Stable derivatives of stannabenzene have been isolated. The 2-stannanaphthalene depicted below is stable in an inert atmosphere at temperatures below 140 °C. The tin to carbon bond in this compound is shielded from potential reactants by two very bulky groups, one tert-butyl group and the even larger 2,4,6-tris[bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl]phenyl or Tbt group. The two Sn-C bonds have bond lengths of 202.9 and 208.1 pm which are shorter than those for Sn-C single bonds (214 pm) and comparable to that of known Sn=C double bonds (201.6 pm). The C-C bonds show little variation with bond lengths between 135.6 and 144.3 pm signaling that this compound is aromatic.
Tbt-substituted 9-stannaphenanthrene was reported in 2005. At room temperature it forms the [4+2] cycloadduct.
Tbt-substituted stannabenzene was reported in 2010. At room-temperature it quantitatively forms the DA dimer.
See also
6-membered aromatic rings with one carbon replaced by another group: borabenzene, silabenzene, germabenzene, stannabenzene, pyridine, phosphorine, arsabenzene, bismabenzene, pyrylium, thiopyrylium, selenopyrylium, telluropyrylium
References
Tin heterocycles
Six-membered rings
Hypothetical chemical compounds
Tin(
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octane%20%28disambiguation%29
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Octane is an alkane with the chemical formula C8H18.
Octane may also refer to:
Chemistry
2,2,4-Trimethylpentane or iso-Octane
Octane rating, a motor-fuel classification
Art and entertainment
Octane (album), a 2005 album by Spock's Beard
Octane (film), a 2003 film by Marcus Adams
Octane (magazine), a British car magazine
Octane (Sirius XM), a Sirius XM Radio hard rock channel
Octane, a character in the video game Apex Legends
Computing
Octane (software test), a performance benchmark of Javascript engines used in web browsers
Octane Render, a 3D rendering application
SGI Octane, an SGI computer
See also
Octan, fictional oil company that has appeared in numerous Lego construction sets
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87a%C4%9Fla%20Kubat
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Çağla Kubat (; born 16 November 1978) is a Turkish model, actress and windsurfer who is member of Fenerbahçe sailing & windsurfing team. She is 5 feet 10 (1.80m) tall.
She was born in İzmir. She graduated from Italian High School of Istanbul and Istanbul Technical University with a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering. She was the first runner-up for the Miss Turkey 2002 beauty pageant and represented Turkey at Miss Universe 2002.
She speaks English and Italian fluently.
Sports
Çağla is also a champion windsurfer, having won the IFCA windsurfing European Slalom Championship in 2005, in Alaçatı. In 2006, in her first PWA (Professional Windsurfers Association) event, she placed 6th in IFCA Slalom World Championship.
She founded her own windsurfing school "Çağla Kubat Windsurf Academy" in Alaçatı, İzmir Province. She ranked third in the women's category at the 2012 World Slalom Championship in Spain. In 2013, she became champion in the Master Female Slalom category of the IFCA Junior, Youth & Masters Slalom World Championships held in Alaçatı. She took the third rank at the 2013 World Cup.
Çağla Kubat's pastimes besides windsurfing are snowboarding, wakeboarding, rollerblading, horseback riding and scuba diving and playing tennis.
Acting
She starred in successful leading female roles in two Turkish TV series to date. These are Sağır Oda ("The deaf room") in 2006 and Kuzey Rüzgarı ("The northern wind") with Kadir İnanır and Oktay Kaynarca. She also had a leading role
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weeks%20manifold
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In mathematics, the Weeks manifold, sometimes called the Fomenko–Matveev–Weeks manifold, is a closed hyperbolic 3-manifold obtained by (5, 2) and (5, 1) Dehn surgeries on the Whitehead link. It has volume approximately equal to 0.942707… () and showed that it has the smallest volume of any closed orientable hyperbolic 3-manifold. The manifold was independently discovered by as well as .
Volume
Since the Weeks manifold is an arithmetic hyperbolic 3-manifold, its volume can be computed using its arithmetic data and a formula due to Armand Borel:
where is the number field generated by satisfying and is the Dedekind zeta function of . Alternatively,
where is the polylogarithm and is the absolute value of the complex root (with positive imaginary part) of the cubic.
Related manifolds
The cusped hyperbolic 3-manifold obtained by (5, 1) Dehn surgery on the Whitehead link is the so-called sibling manifold, or sister, of the figure-eight knot complement. The figure eight knot's complement and its sibling have the smallest volume of any orientable, cusped hyperbolic 3-manifold. Thus the Weeks manifold can be obtained by hyperbolic Dehn surgery on one of the two smallest orientable cusped hyperbolic 3-manifolds.
See also
Meyerhoff manifold - second small volume
References
.
3-manifolds
Hyperbolic geometry
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vahid%20Tarokh
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Vahid Tarokh (; born ) is an Iranian–American electrical engineer, mathematician, computer scientist, and professor. Since 2018, he has served as a Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering, a Professor of Mathematics, and the Rhodes Family Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Duke University. From 2019 to 2021, he was a Microsoft Data Science Investigator at Microsoft Innovation Hub at Duke University. Tarokh works with complex datasets and uses machine learning algorithms to predict catastrophic events.
Biography
Vahid Tarokh was born in the Imperial State of Iran. He received the M.Sc. degree in Mathematics from University of Windsor, Ontario, Canada in 1992, and the PhD in Electrical Engineering from the University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada in 1995. At the University of Waterloo, he studied under Ian Fraser Blake, who also served as his Ph.D. advisor; his dissertation was titled Trellis Complexity of Lattices (1995).
He worked at AT&T Labs-Research until 2000, and at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) as an associate professor from 2000 until 2002. He worked at Harvard University as a Hammond Vinton Hayes Senior Fellow of Electrical Engineering, and as a Perkins Professor of Applied Mathematics from 2002 until 2017. He joined Duke University in January 2018.
His current research interests are in representation, computer modeling, inference, and prediction from data.
Honors
Elected as a member into the National Academy of Engineering
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manduca%20albiplaga
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Manduca albiplaga, the white-plaqued sphinx, is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It was first described by Francis Walker in 1856.
Distribution
Its range is from Brazil to southern Mexico, although a stray has been recorded as far north as Kansas.
Description
Its wingspan is 120–180 mm.
Biology
The larvae feed on plants of the family Boraginaceae and some in the family Annonaceae including Rollinia deliciosa.
References
External links
White-plagued sphinx Moths of North America
Manduca
Moths of North America
Moths of South America
Moths described in 1856
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oswald%20Garrison%20Villard%20Jr.
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Oswald Garrison "Mike" Villard Jr. (September 17, 1916 – January 7, 2004) was an American professor of electrical engineering at Stanford University.
Early life
Villard was born in Dobbs Ferry, New York, to a distinguished family. He was the great-grandson of William Lloyd Garrison, the famed abolitionist, and the grandson of Henry Villard, owner of the New York Evening Post and The Nation, who financed the work of Thomas Edison (by coincidence, Villard Jr's academic advisor was Terman, whose advisor was Bush, whose advisor was Kennelly, who worked for Edison). His father was Oswald Garrison Villard Sr., owner of Post and The Nation, a prominent Pacifist and civil rights activist.
He became interested in electricity after he was given "Harper's Electricity Book for Boys"; when he was 12, the family chauffeur gave him a radio assembled from a kit. He initially attended Buckley School in New York City, and later went to The Hotchkiss School in Lakeville, Connecticut. Villard received his bachelor's degree in English literature from Yale University in 1938, and entered Stanford as a graduate student in electrical engineering. After World War II interrupted, he returned to Stanford in 1947 and received his doctorate in 1949.
Academic career
In between his degrees, Villard worked first as a research associate 1939-1941 and instructor 1941-1942 under Professor Frederick Terman at Stanford, then at Harvard University's Radio Research Laboratory, designing electronic countermeasur
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac%20Van%20Valkenburg
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Mac Elwyn Van Valkenburg (October 5, 1921–March 19, 1997) was an American electrical engineer and university professor. He wrote seven textbooks and numerous scientific publications.
Early life and education
Van Valkenburg was born in Union, Utah. He graduated from the University of Utah in 1943 with a Bachelor's degree in electrical engineering, received a master's degree in electrical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1946, and a PhD in electrical engineering from Stanford University in 1952, under advisor Oswald Garrison Villard, Jr.
Career
Van Valkenburg was a professor at the University of Illinois from 1955 to 1966, then joined Princeton University as professor and head of electrical engineering until 1974, when he returned to UIUC. He received an endowed position, the W. W. Grainger Professorship, in 1982, and became Dean of the College of Engineering in 1984.
Van Valkenburg was author of seven textbooks and numerous scientific publications. He died in Orem, Utah at the age of 75.
Awards and memberships
Member of the National Academy of Engineering
The Lamme Medal, the highest honor of the American Society for Engineering Education
The IEEE Centennial Medal in 1984
The ASEE George Westinghouse Award (1963)
The IEEE Education Medal (1972)
Halliburton Engineering Education Leadership Award of the College of Engineering at the University of Illinois.
The IEEE Education Society offers an annual Mac Van Valkenburg Early Career Teaching
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World%20Wide%20Molecular%20Matrix
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The World Wide Molecular Matrix (WWMM) was a proposed electronic repository for unpublished chemical data. First introduced in 2002 by Peter Murray-Rust and his colleagues in the chemistry department at the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom, WWMM provided a free, easily searchable database for information about thousands of complicated molecules, data that would otherwise remain inaccessible to scientists.
Murray-Rust, a chemical informatics specialist, has estimated that 80% of the results produced by chemists around the world is never published in scientific journals. Most of this data is not ground-breaking, yet it could conceivably be of use to scientists doing related projects—if they could access it. The WWMM was proposed as a solution to this problem. It would house the results of experiments on over 100,000 molecules in physical chemistry, organic chemistry, biochemistry and medicinal chemistry.
In other scientific fields, the need for a similar depository to house inaccessible information could be more acute. In a presentation at the "CERN Workshop on Innovations in Scholarly Communications (OAI4)", Murray-Rust said that chemistry actually leads other fields in published data. He estimated that the majority of the data in some scientific fields never reaches publication.
Although scientific in nature, the WWMM was part of the broader open archives and open source movements, pushes to make more and more information freely available to any user via the I
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auxochrome
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In organic chemistry, an auxochrome () is a group of atoms attached to a chromophore which modifies the ability of that chromophore to absorb light. They themselves fail to produce the colour, but instead intensify the colour of the chromogen when present along with the chromophores in an organic compound. Examples include the hydroxyl (), amino (), aldehyde (), and methyl mercaptan groups ().
An auxochrome is a functional group of atoms with one or more lone pairs of electrons when attached to a chromophore, alters both the wavelength and intensity of absorption. If these groups are in direct conjugation with the pi-system of the chromophore, they may increase the wavelength at which the light is absorbed and as a result intensify the absorption. A feature of these auxochromes is the presence of at least one lone pair of electrons which can be viewed as extending the conjugated system by resonance.
Effects on chromophore
It increases the color of any organic compound. For example, benzene does not display color as it does not have a chromophore; but nitrobenzene is pale yellow color because of the presence of a nitro group (−NO2) which acts as a chromophore. But p-hydroxynitrobenzene exhibits a deep yellow color, in which the −OH group acts as an auxochrome. Here the auxochrome (−OH) is conjugated with the chromophore −NO2. Similar behavior is seen in azobenzene which has a red color, but p-hydroxyazobenzene is dark red in color.
The presence of an auxochrome in the chro
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim%20Sumner%20%28physicist%29
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Timothy J. Sumner is Professor of Experimental Physics at Imperial College London. He is a member of the UK Dark Matter Collaboration, and Sumner's interests cover a wide range of astronomy-related fields, focusing particularly on particle physics.
He received his degree in Physics from Sussex University in 1974, and his DPhil in Experimental Physics from Sussex University, for work carried out jointly with the Institut Laue-Langevin in Grenoble. He joined the Cosmic-Ray and Space Physics group at Imperial College in 1979, and in 1984 became the project manager for flight hardware for the x-ray satellite ROSAT. He received a Group Achievement award from NASA for the project in 1990.
He became involved in the search for the direct demonstration of the existence of galactic dark matter, known as "Weakly Interacting Massive Particles". (WIMP). He is a member of the UK Dark Matter Collaboration (one of four groups around the world looking for WIMPs) and was its spokesperson in the UK for 2002–07. New Scientist described him as "leading the search for galactic dark matter, including axions, at Imperial College London in the UK". He is now Principal Investigator of the ZEPLIN III dark matter experiment. He also leads the ELIXIR proposal for next generation instruments. In addition to ROSAT, he has worked work on the space missions Gravity Probe B, which confirmed several prediction of Einstein's Theory of General Relativity, LISA, a gravitational wave observatory in space, and ST
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham%20Silberschatz
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Avi Silberschatz (born in Haifa, Israel) is an Israeli computer scientist and researcher. He graduated in 1976 with a Ph.D. in computer science from the State University of New York (SUNY) at Stony Brook. He became the Sidney J. Weinberg Professor of Computer Science at Yale University, USA in 2005. He was the chair of the Computer Science department at Yale from 2005 to 2011. Prior to coming to Yale in 2003, he was the Vice President of the Information Sciences Research Center at Bell Labs. He previously held an endowed professorship at the University of Texas at Austin, where he taught until 1993. His research interests include database systems, operating systems, storage systems, and network management. Silberschatz was elected an ACM Fellow in 1996 and received the Karl V. Karlstrom Outstanding Educator Award in 1998.
He was elected an IEEE fellow in 2000 for contributions to the development of computer systems dealing with the efficient manipulation and processing of information. He received the IEEE Taylor L. Booth Education Award in 2002 for " teaching, mentoring, and writing influential textbooks in the operating systems and database systems areas".
He was elected an AAAS fellow in 2009. Silberschatz
is a member of the Connecticut Academy of Science and Engineering.
His work has been cited over 34,000 times.
Books
Mainframe operating systems have an acquired dinosaur trope that even their manufacturers recognize.
Peter B. Galvin, co-author, notes that the series o
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadomtsev%E2%80%93Petviashvili%20equation
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In mathematics and physics, the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation (often abbreviated as KP equation) is a partial differential equation to describe nonlinear wave motion. Named after Boris Borisovich Kadomtsev and Vladimir Iosifovich Petviashvili, the KP equation is usually written as
where . The above form shows that the KP equation is a generalization to two spatial dimensions, x and y, of the one-dimensional Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation. To be physically meaningful, the wave propagation direction has to be not-too-far from the x direction, i.e. with only slow variations of solutions in the y direction.
Like the KdV equation, the KP equation is completely integrable. It can also be solved using the inverse scattering transform much like the nonlinear Schrödinger equation.
In 2002, the regularized version of the KP equation, naturally referred to as the Benjamin–Bona–Mahony–Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation (or simply the BBM-KP equation), was introduced as an alternative model for small amplitude long waves in shallow water moving mainly in the x direction in 2+1 space.
where . The BBM-KP equation provides an alternative to the usual KP equation, in a similar way that the Benjamin–Bona–Mahony equation is related to the classical Korteweg–de Vries equation, as the linearized dispersion relation of the BBM-KP is a good approximation to that of the KP but does not exhibit the unwanted limiting behavior as the Fourier variable dual to x approaches .
History
The KP eq
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim%20Sumner
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Tim Sumner may refer to:
Tim Sumner (physicist), Professor of Experimental Physics at Imperial College London
Tim Sumner (footballer) (born 1994), Australian rules footballer
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justsystem%20Pittsburgh%20Research%20Center
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Also known as Just Research, Justsystem Pittsburgh Research Center (JPRC) was a late-1990s computer science research laboratory in Pittsburgh, loosely associated with Carnegie Mellon University. Its director was Dr. Scott Fahlman.
During its relatively brief existence, from May 1996 to July 2000, JPRC performed work in machine vision, text classification and summarization, programming environments and user interface design.
Just Research researchers included:
Dr Vibhu Mittal
Dr Andrew McCallum
Mr Mark Kantrowitz
Dr Mikako Harada
Mr Paul Gleichauf
Dr Rahul Sukthankar
Dr Michael Witbrock
Mr Antoine Brusseau
Dr Shumeet Baluja
Mrs Keiko Hasegawa
Dr Dayne Freitag
Dr Rich Caruana
Dr David "Pablo" Cohn
See also
JustSystems
References
Research institutes in Pennsylvania
Computer science institutes in the United States
Carnegie Mellon University
1996 establishments in Pennsylvania
2000 disestablishments in Pennsylvania
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr.%20Conceicao%20Rodrigues%20Institute%20of%20Technology
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Father Conceicao Rodrigues Institute of Technology (FCRIT) is a private engineering college affiliated to the University of Mumbai located in Vashi, Navi Mumbai. The institute offers the B.E degree courses in Computer Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering and Information Technology.
Accreditation and affiliation
FCRIT is a private, un-aided, minority, non-autonomous institute affiliated to the University of Mumbai. It offers a four-year baccalaureate course culminating in the B.E. degree conferred by the university. The institute has been graded "A" by the Directorate of Technical Education, Government of Maharashtra State. It is recognised by the AICTE and has received accreditation from the National Board of Accreditation(NBA), New Delhi.
History
FCRIT was established in 1994 as a part of the Agnel Technical Education Complex at Vashi, which itself was established in 1984. The institute is named after late Rev. Fr. Conceicao Rodrigues, who died in odour of sanctity.
Admissions
The admission process is highly competitive and is undertaken as per the directives of the Directorate of Technical Education(DTE), Maharashtra State.
Eligibility criteria
For admission to the FCRIT, prospective candidates from the native state of Maharashtra need to pass their Higher Secondary (School) Certificate / Standard XII examination of the Maharashtra State Board of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education or its equiva
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asahi%20Kasei
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is a multinational Japanese chemical company. Its main products are chemicals and materials science.
It was founded in May 1931, using the paid in capital of Nobeoka Ammonia Fiber Co., Ltd, a Nobeoka, Miyazaki based producer of ammonia, nitric acid, and other chemicals. Now headquartered in Tokyo, with offices and plants across Japan, as well as China, Singapore, Thailand, U.S.A. and Germany.
The company is listed on the first section of Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the TOPIX 100 and Nikkei 225 stock market indices.
History
The company Asahi Kasei began in the year 1931 with the production of chemicals that included ammonia and nitric acids. In 1949, exchanges between stocks started up between Tokyo, Osaka, and Nagoya. Asahi Kasei entered into a joint petrochemical venture with Dow Chemical. A production of Polystyrene and Saran Wrap began in 1952. Diversification into acrylonitrile, construction materials, petrochemicals, glass fabrics, ethylene, housing, medical devices, electronics, engineered resins, semiconductors, pharmaceuticals and liquors began in the 1960s and 1990s. Net sales exceeded $10 billion globally in the years 2000–2003. Finally, in the years 2008–2009, there was further diversification into medical devices. In 2018, Asahi Kasei acquired Sage Automotive Interiors.
Statistics
The company makes about 18 billion dollars globally in annual net sales. Their core operating segments include:
Chemicals (43.4%)
Homes (27.2%)
Healthcare (7.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic%20mirror
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In physics, an atomic mirror is a device which reflects neutral atoms in a way similar to the way a conventional mirror reflects visible light. Atomic mirrors can be made of electric fields or magnetic fields, electromagnetic waves or just silicon wafer; in the last case, atoms are reflected by the attracting tails of the van der Waals attraction (see quantum reflection). Such reflection is efficient when the normal component of the wavenumber of the atoms is small or comparable to the effective depth of the attraction potential (roughly, the distance at which the potential becomes comparable to the kinetic energy of the atom). To reduce the normal component, most atomic mirrors are blazed at the grazing incidence.
At grazing incidence, the efficiency of the quantum reflection can be enhanced by a surface covered with ridges (ridged mirror).
The set of narrow ridges reduces the van der Waals attraction of atoms to the surfaces and enhances the reflection. Each ridge blocks part of the wavefront, causing Fresnel diffraction.
Such a mirror can be interpreted in terms of the Zeno effect.
We may assume that the atom is "absorbed" or "measured" at the ridges. Frequent measuring (narrowly spaced ridges) suppresses the transition of the particle to the half-space with absorbers, causing specular reflection. At large separation between thin ridges, the reflectivity of the ridged mirror is determined by dimensionless momentum , and does not depend on the origin of the wave; the
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio%20Gede%C3%A3o
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António Gedeão (b. Rómulo Vasco da Gama Carvalho, GCSE, GOIP; 24 November 1906 – 19 February 1997) was a Portuguese poet, essayist, writer and playwright, who also published several works related to science. António Gedeão was an alter ego of Rómulo de Carvalho, who, using his real name was also a professor, teaching chemistry and history of science.
Bibliography
Poetry
1956 - Movimento Perpétuo
1958 - Teatro do Mundo
1959 - Declaração de Amor
1961 - Máquina de Fogo
1964 - Poesias Completas
1967 - Linhas de Força
1980 - Soneto
1982 - Poema para Galileu
1984 - Poemas Póstumos
1985 - Poemas dos textos
1990 - Novos Poemas Póstumos
Fiction
1942 - Bárbara Ruiva (1ª edição: Abril 2009)
1973 - A poltrona e outras novelas
1969 - O Boda
Theatre
1978 - RTX 78/24
1981 - História Breve da Lua
Essays
1965 - O Sentimento Científico em Bocage
1975 - Ay Flores, Ay flores do verde pino
Scientific works
Pedagogic
1950 - Regras de notação e nomenclatura química
1952 - Considerações sobre o ensino elementar da Física
1953 - Compêndio de Química para o 3º Ciclo
1957 - Experiências escolares sobre tensão superficial dos líquidos e sobre lâminas da solução de sabão
1957 - Guias de trabalhos práticos de Química
1959 - Acerca do número de imagens dadas pelos espelhos planos inclinados entre si
1959 - A física como objecto de ensino
1959 - Problemas de Física para o 3º Ciclo do Ensino Liceal, I volume
1961 - Considerações sobre o princípio de Arquimedes
1962 - Novas maneiras de trabalhar com
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miroslav%20T%C3%A1borsk%C3%BD
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Miroslav Táborský (born 9 November 1959 in Prague, Czechoslovakia) is a Czech actor who has appeared on Czech television series, as well as in American movies.
Táborský studied physics at the University of Hradec Králové, and then graduated from the Theatre Faculty of the Academy of Performing Arts in Prague (DAMU) in 1987. Táborský has received both an Alfréd Radok Award (1997) and a Goya Award (1998, Category Best New Actor, La niña de tus ojos). He is also known as the voice actor for Holly in the Czech dub of Red Dwarf.
Filmography
Barefoot (2017)
Stuck with a Perfect Woman (2016)
Goat Story with Cheese 2012 – 3D animated movie
Borgia (2011) – Cardinal Gianbattista Orsini
2Bobule (2009)
Goat Story – The Old Prague Legends 2008 – 3D animated movie
Grapes (2008)
The Dresser by Ronald Harwood, Divadlo v Dlouhé theatre (2002) – The Dresser
Twelfth Night, or What You Will, Summer Shakespeare Festival at Prague Castle (2005) – Feste
Close to Heaven (2005)
Hostel (2005)
The Brothers Grimm (2005)
Jak básníci neztrácejí naději (2004)
Eurotrip (2004)
Tmavomodrý svět (2001)
Frank Herbert's Dune (2000, miniseries) – Count Hasimir Fenring
La niña de tus ojos (1998) – interpreter Václav Passer – Goya Award for Best New Actor
Snow White: A Tale of Terror (1997)
Lotrando a Zubejda (1996)
References
External links
1959 births
Living people
Czech male television actors
Czech male film actors
Czech male voice actors
Male actors from Prague
Academy of Performing Arts in Prague alumni
20
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VMO
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VMO can refer to:
Vlaamse Militanten Order (the Order of Flemish militants)
Vastus medialis obliquus (a muscle)
VMO, maximum operating speed of an aircraft, see V speeds
VMO, designation of observation squadrons of the US Marine Corps
'Views my own' – a disclaimer
Vanishing mean oscillation in mathematics
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maitland%20Jones%20Jr.
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Maitland Jones Jr. (born November 23, 1937) is an American experimental chemist. Jones worked at Princeton University in his research lab from 1964 until his 2007 retirement. He then taught at New York University from 2007 until his dismissal in 2022. He is known for changing how the subject of organic chemistry is taught to undergraduate students, through writing a popular textbook, Organic Chemistry, and re-shaping the course from simple rote learning to one that focuses on scientific problem solving.
Education
Jones earned a Bachelor of Science, Master of Science, and PhD from Yale University.
Career
Jones' field of expertise is reactive intermediates, with particular emphasis on carbenes. He has published extensively in the field of quantum organic chemistry, particularly focusing on the mechanism of quantum molecular reactions. His interest areas include carbenes, carboranes, and heterocycles. Over the course of almost forty years, he and his research group have published 225 papers, averaging some five papers per year or one paper per active group member per year.
Jones is also the author of Organic Chemistry texts. He is credited with the naming of bullvalene, which is named after William "Bull" Doering, whom Jones was studying under during his time as a graduate student at Yale University.
He established his Jones research Lab at Princeton from 1964 to 2004. During this time, he published papers with 63 undergraduates, 30 graduate students and 34 postdoctoral
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salience
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Salience or saliency may refer to:
Mortality salience, a product of the terror management theory in social psychology
Motivational salience, a motivational "wanting" attribute given by the brain
Salience (language), the property of being noticeable or important
Salience (neuroscience), the perceptual quality by which an observable thing stands out relative to its environment
Social salience, in social psychology, a set of reasons which draw an observer's attention toward a particular object
See also
Salient (disambiguation)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salience%20%28neuroscience%29
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Salience (also called saliency) is that property by which some thing stands out. Salient events are an attentional mechanism by which organisms learn and survive; those organisms can focus their limited perceptual and cognitive resources on the pertinent (that is, salient) subset of the sensory data available to them.
Saliency typically arises from contrasts between items and their neighborhood. They might be represented, for example, by a red dot surrounded by white dots, or by a flickering message indicator of an answering machine, or a loud noise in an otherwise quiet environment. Saliency detection is often studied in the context of the visual system, but similar mechanisms operate in other sensory systems. Just what is salient can be influenced by training: for example, for human subjects particular letters can become salient by training. There can be a sequence of necessary events, each of which has to be salient, in turn, in order for successful training in the sequence; the alternative is a failure, as in an illustrated sequence when tying a bowline; in the list of illustrations, even the first illustration is a salient: the rope in the list must cross over, and not under the bitter end of the rope (which can remain fixed, and not free to move); failure to notice that the first salient has not been satisfied means the knot will fail to hold, even when the remaining salient events have been satisfied.
When attention deployment is driven by salient stimuli, it is con
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light%20transport%20theory
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Light transport theory deals with the mathematics behind calculating the energy transfers between media that affect visibility. This article is currently specific to light transport in rendering processes such as global illumination and HDRI.
Light
Light Transport
The amount of light transported is measured by flux density, or luminous flux per unit area on the point of the surface at which it is measured.
Radiometry
Energy Transfer
Media
Models
Hemisphere
Given a surface S, a hemisphere H can be projected on to S to calculate the amount of incoming and outgoing light. If a point P is selected at random on the surface S, the amount of incoming and outgoing light can be calculated by its projection onto the hemisphere.
Hemicube
The hemicube model works in a similar way that the hemisphere model works, with the exception that a hemicube is projected as opposed to a hemisphere. The similarity is only in concept, the actual calculation done by integration has a different form factor.
Particle
Wave
Equations
Maxwell's Equations
Rendering
Rendering converts a model into an image either by simulating a method such as light transport to get physically based photorealistic images, or by applying some kind of style as non-photorealistic rendering. The two basic operations in light transport are transport (how much light gets from one place to another) and scattering (how surfaces interact with light).
See also
Path Tracing
Global illumination
Monte Carlo Method
Phot
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starred%20transform
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In applied mathematics, the starred transform, or star transform, is a discrete-time variation of the Laplace transform, so-named because of the asterisk or "star" in the customary notation of the sampled signals.
The transform is an operator of a continuous-time function , which is transformed to a function in the following manner:
where is a Dirac comb function, with period of time T.
The starred transform is a convenient mathematical abstraction that represents the Laplace transform of an impulse sampled function , which is the output of an ideal sampler, whose input is a continuous function, .
The starred transform is similar to the Z transform, with a simple change of variables, where the starred transform is explicitly declared in terms of the sampling period (T), while the Z transform is performed on a discrete signal and is independent of the sampling period. This makes the starred transform a de-normalized version of the one-sided Z-transform, as it restores the dependence on sampling parameter T.
Relation to Laplace transform
Since , where:
Then per the convolution theorem, the starred transform is equivalent to the complex convolution of and , hence:
This line integration is equivalent to integration in the positive sense along a closed contour formed by such a line and an infinite semicircle that encloses the poles of X(s) in the left half-plane of p. The result of such an integration (per the residue theorem) would be:
Alternatively, the aforemention
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raymond%20B.%20Huey
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Raymond Brunson Huey (born 14 September 1944) is a biologist specializing in evolutionary physiology. He has taught at the University of Washington (UW), and he earned his Ph.D. in biology at Harvard University under E. E. Williams. He has recently been the chair of the UW Department of Biology, but a retirement celebration was held on 4 Oct. 2013 in Seattle.
Education
After attending Deep Springs College, Huey earned his A.B. with honors in Zoology in 1966 from the University of California, Berkeley. In 1966, he earned his M.A. in Zoology from the University of Texas at Austin, working with Eric R. Pianka. He then earned his Ph.D. from Harvard in 1975.
Awards
In 1991, he received the Distinguished Herpetologist Award from the Herpetologists League, and in 1998, he was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in Organismic Biology & Ecology.
See also
Beneficial acclimation hypothesis
Comparative physiology
Ecophysiology
Evolutionary physiology
Experimental evolution
Herpetology
Phylogenetic comparative methods
References
External links
Huey web page
Huey publications
Further reading
Feder, M. E., A. F. Bennett, W. W. Burggren, and R. B. Huey, eds. 1987. New directions in ecological physiology. Cambridge Univ. Press, New York. 364 pp.
Feder, M. E., A. F. Bennett, and R. B. Huey. 2000. Evolutionary physiology. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 31:315-341. PDF
Garland, T., Jr., and P. A. Carter. 1994. Evolutionary physiology. Annual Review of Physiology
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destination%20spa
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A destination spa or health resort is a resort centered on a spa, such as a mineral spa. Historically, many such spas were developed at the location of natural hot springs or mineral springs. In the era before modern biochemistry and pharmacotherapy, "taking the waters" was often believed to have great medicinal powers. Even without such mystic powers, the stress relief and health education of spas also often has some degree of positive effect on health. Destination spas offer day spa facilities, but what sets them apart is that they also offer hotel facilities so that people can stay multiple nights.
Typically, over a seven-day stay, they provide a comprehensive program that includes spa services, physical fitness activities, wellness education, healthy cuisine, and special interest programming.
A special subgroup are the medical spas who offer treatments that are paid back by the national health insurance program.
All-inclusive program
Some destination spas offer an all-inclusive program that includes facilitated fitness classes, healthy cuisine, educational classes and seminars, as well as similar to a beauty salon or a day spa. Guests reside and participate in the program at a destination spa instead of just visiting for a treatment or pure vacation. Some destination spas are in tropical locations or in spa towns.
Destination spas have been in use for a considerable time, and some are no longer used but are rather preserved as elements of earlier history; for example
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tail%20recursive%20parser
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In computer science, tail recursive parsers are a derivation from the more common recursive descent parsers. Tail recursive parsers are commonly used to parse left recursive grammars. They use a smaller amount of stack space than regular recursive descent parsers. They are also easy to write. Typical recursive descent parsers make parsing left recursive grammars impossible (because of an infinite loop problem). Tail recursive parsers use a node reparenting technique that makes this allowable.
Example
Given an EBNF Grammar such as the following:
E: T
T: T { '+' F } | F
F: F { '*' I } | I
I: <identifier>
A simple tail recursive parser can be written much like a recursive descent parser. The typical algorithm for parsing a grammar like this using an abstract syntax tree is:
Parse the next level of the grammar and get its output tree, designate it the first tree,
While there is terminating token, , that can be put as the parent of this node:
Allocate a new node,
Set 's current operator as the current input token
Advance the input one token
Set 's left subtree as
Parse another level down again and store this as the next tree,
Set 's right subtree as
Set to
Return
A basic example of this kind of parser in C is shown here. Implementation details have been omitted for simplicity.
typedef struct _exptree exptree;
struct _exptree {
char token;
exptree *left;
exptree *right;
};
exptree *parse_e(void)
{
return parse_t();
}
exptree *parse_t(void)
{
exptree *first_f =
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mason%20Gamble
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Mason Gamble (born January 16, 1986) is an American former actor. He played the eponymous comic character in the 1993 film Dennis the Menace, selected from over 20,000 children. He played a sidekick in Wes Anderson's film Rushmore.
Education
Gamble is a doctoral candidate in environmental science and engineering at the Institute of the Environment and Sustainability at UCLA.
Filmography
References
External links
1986 births
Living people
21st-century American male actors
Actors from Oak Park, Illinois
American male child actors
American male film actors
American male television actors
Male actors from Chicago
University of California, Los Angeles alumni
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricardo%20Renzo%20Brentani
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Ricardo Renzo Brentani (21 July 1937 – 29 November 2011) was a noted Brazilian physician, scientist and university professor. He was made a Grand Cross of the Brazilian Order of Scientific Merit in 2007. He graduated in medicine at the Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo. After completing his doctoral studies in biochemistry and developing his entire teaching and research career there, Brentani became a full professor and dean.
In January 1983, Brentani became the founding director of the São Paulo Branch of the global Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research (LICR). Brentani retired from this position on December 31, 2005, having there guided the training and research of many hundreds of students.
Brentani also became president of the São Paulo Cancer Hospital, where he directs its research center. He is one of the outstanding Brazilian scientific leaders, and is the director of the Technical and Administrative Council of the São Paulo State Research Foundation.
Brentani died from a heart attack on 29 November 2011.
References
1937 births
2011 deaths
Brazilian people of Italian descent
Brazilian oncologists
Members of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences
Academic staff of the University of São Paulo
University of São Paulo alumni
Recipients of the Great Cross of the National Order of Scientific Merit (Brazil)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-theory%20%28physics%29
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In string theory, K-theory classification refers to a conjectured application of K-theory (in abstract algebra and algebraic topology) to superstrings, to classify the allowed Ramond–Ramond field strengths as well as the charges of stable D-branes.
In condensed matter physics K-theory has also found important applications, specially in the topological classification of topological insulators, superconductors and stable Fermi surfaces (, ).
History
This conjecture, applied to D-brane charges, was first proposed by . It was popularized by who demonstrated that in type IIB string theory arises naturally from Ashoke Sen's realization of arbitrary D-brane configurations as stacks of D9 and anti-D9-branes after tachyon condensation.
Such stacks of branes are inconsistent in a non-torsion Neveu–Schwarz (NS) 3-form background, which, as was highlighted by , complicates the extension of the K-theory classification to such cases. suggested a solution to this problem: D-branes are in general classified by a twisted K-theory, that had earlier been defined by .
Applications
The K-theory classification of D-branes has had numerous applications. For example, used it to argue that there are eight species of orientifold one-plane. applied the K-theory classification to derive new consistency conditions for flux compactifications. K-theory has also been used to conjecture a formula for the topologies of T-dual manifolds by . Recently K-theory has been conjectured to classify th
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elsdon%20Storey
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Elsdon Storey is an Australian neurologist, former Rhodes Scholar & Professor of Neurology at Monash University. His clinical and research interests are in neurogenetics (especially the hereditary ataxias) and behavioural neurology (especially the dementias).
After clinical neurology training in Oxford and Melbourne, and research training at Oxford, Massachusetts General Hospital and with Colin Masters at Melbourne University, Storey was appointed as the first Van Cleef Roet Professor of Neuroscience at Monash in 1996. He is also Head of the Alfred Neurology Unit. He is on the Council of the Australian and New Zealand Association of Neurologists as Neurology Co-Editor of their official Journal (the Journal of Clinical Neuroscience), and the Boards of the Brain Foundation, Neurosciences Victoria, and the Bethlehem-Griffiths Foundation.
In the 2022 Australia Day Honours, he was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia for "significant service to medicine in the field of neurology, and to professional associations".
References
Australian Rhodes Scholars
Members of the Order of Australia
Academic staff of Monash University
Massachusetts General Hospital fellows
Alumni of Magdalen College, Oxford
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witt%27s%20theorem
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"Witt's theorem" or "the Witt theorem" may also refer to the Bourbaki–Witt fixed point theorem of order theory.
In mathematics, Witt's theorem, named after Ernst Witt, is a basic result in the algebraic theory of quadratic forms: any isometry between two subspaces of a nonsingular quadratic space over a field k may be extended to an isometry of the whole space. An analogous statement holds also for skew-symmetric, Hermitian and skew-Hermitian bilinear forms over arbitrary fields. The theorem applies to classification of quadratic forms over k and in particular allows one to define the Witt group W(k) which describes the "stable" theory of quadratic forms over the field k.
Statement
Let be a finite-dimensional vector space over a field k of characteristic different from 2 together with a non-degenerate symmetric or skew-symmetric bilinear form. If {{nowrap|f : U → ''U}} is an isometry between two subspaces of V then f extends to an isometry of V.
Witt's theorem implies that the dimension of a maximal totally isotropic subspace (null space) of V is an invariant, called the index or of b, and moreover, that the isometry group of acts transitively on the set of maximal isotropic subspaces. This fact plays an important role in the structure theory and representation theory of the isometry group and in the theory of reductive dual pairs.
Witt's cancellation theorem
Let , , be three quadratic spaces over a field k. Assume that
Then the quadratic spaces and are i
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20A.%20Champy
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James (Jim) Champy (born 1942) is an Italian American business consultant, and organizational theorist, known for his work in the field of business process reengineering, business process improvement and organizational change.
Life and work
Champy earned his B.S. in 1963 and his M.S. in civil engineering in 1965 from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and a J.D. degree from Boston College Law School in 1968.
Champy was chairman and chief executive officer of CSC Index, the management consulting arm of Computer Sciences Corporation. He had been one of the original founders of Index, a $200 million consulting practice that was acquired by CSC in 1988. Subsequently he was chairman of Dell Perot Systems’ (now Dell Services) consulting practice, where he was responsible for providing direction and guidance to the company’s team of business and management consultants.
Nowadays Champy consults with senior-level executives of multinational companies seeking to improve business performance. His approach centers on helping leaders achieve business results through four distinct, yet overlapping areas: business strategy, management and operations, organizational development and change, and information technology.
He was a senior research fellow at Harvard's Advanced Leadership Initiative from 2011-2015. He is a life member of the MIT Corporation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology's board of trustees, and serves on the board of overseers of the Boston College Law School. He i
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caleb%20Southern
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Caleb August Southern (December 26, 1969 – July 6, 2023) was an American musician, record producer and computer science lecturer at the Georgia Institute of Technology. He was referred to as the "fourth member" of Ben Folds Five.
Early life
Caleb August Southern was born on December 26, 1969, in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, to David Southern and Susan Naumoff. He attended Jordan High School, where he formed a band called "The Ledbetters". They played a gig at Cat's Cradle in 1988.
Southern completed his bachelor's in mathematics and computer science at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1996, having paused his education while touring with Ben Folds Five.
Career
In the early 1990s, Caleb founded Kraptone Studios, where he produced for Ben Folds Five and Archers of Loaf. As of 2002, he was a member of Partners Against Crime, District 5. Ben Folds has called him the "fourth member" of Ben Folds Five. He collaborated with Ben Folds on their album Fear of Pop, as well.
Southern began a PhD at Georgia Tech in 2010, focusing on human–computer interaction for mobile devices. He was awarded a National Science Foundation Graduate Fellowship in 2012.
Personal life and death
Southern was married to Josephine Worthington. They lived together in Atlanta, Georgia, where he died on July 6, 2023, at the age of 53.
Select production credits
Archers of Loaf, Icky Mettle (1993)
Ben Folds Five, Ben Folds Five (1995)
Ben Folds Five, Whatever and Ever Amen (1997)
Ben Fold
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Origin%20of%20water%20on%20Earth
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The origin of water on Earth is the subject of a body of research in the fields of planetary science, astronomy, and astrobiology. Earth is unique among the rocky planets in the Solar System in having oceans of liquid water on its surface. Liquid water, which is necessary for all known forms of life, continues to exist on the surface of Earth because the planet is at a far enough distance (known as the habitable zone) from the Sun that it does not lose its water, but not so far that low temperatures cause all water on the planet to freeze.
It was long thought that Earth's water did not originate from the planet's region of the protoplanetary disk. Instead, it was hypothesized water and other volatiles must have been delivered to Earth from the outer Solar System later in its history. Recent research, however, indicates that hydrogen inside the Earth played a role in the formation of the ocean. The two ideas are not mutually exclusive, as there is also evidence that water was delivered to Earth by impacts from icy planetesimals similar in composition to asteroids in the outer edges of the asteroid belt.
History of water on Earth
One factor in estimating when water appeared on Earth is that water is continually being lost to space. H2O molecules in the atmosphere are broken up by photolysis, and the resulting free hydrogen atoms can sometimes escape Earth's gravitational pull (see: Atmospheric escape). When the Earth was younger and less massive, water would have been lost to
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/164%20%28number%29
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164 (one hundred [and] sixty-four) is the natural number following 163 and preceding 165.
In mathematics
164 is a zero of the Mertens function.
In base 10, 164 is the smallest number that can be expressed as a concatenation of two squares in two different ways: as 1 concatenate 64 or 16 concatenate 4.
In astronomy
164P/Christensen is a comet in the Solar System
164 Eva is a large and dark Main belt asteroid
In geography
Chaplin no. 164, Saskatchewan in Saskatchewan, Canada
In the military
was a cargo vessel during World War II
was a T2 tanker during World War II
was a Barracuda-class submarine during World War II
was an Alamosa-class cargo ship during World War II
was an Admirable-class minesweeper during World War II
was a Trefoil-class concrete barge during World War II
was a during World War II
was a during World War II
was a yacht during World War I
was a during World War II
In sports
Baseball Talk was a set of 164 talking baseball cards released by Topps Baseball Card Company in 1989
In transportation
Caproni Ca.164 was a training biplane produced in Italy prior to World War II
The Alfa Romeo 164 car produced from 1988 to 1997
The Volvo 164 car produced from 1968 to 1975
List of highways numbered 164
Is a London Transport bus route running between Sutton and Wimbledon
In other fields
164 is also:
The year AD 164 or 164 BC
164 AH is a year in the Islamic calendar that corresponds to 780 – 781 CE
The Scrabble board, a 15-by-15 gr
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire%20air
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In the history of chemistry, fire air was postulated to be one of two fluids of common air. This theory was positioned in 1775 by Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele. In Scheele's Chemical Treatise on Air and Fire he states: "air is composed of two fluids, differing from each other, the one of which does not manifest in the least the property of attracting phlogiston, whilst the other, which composes between the third and fourth part of the whole mass of the air, is peculiarly disposed to such attraction." These two constituents of common air Scheele called Foul Air ("verdorbene Luft") and Fire Air ("Feuerluft"); afterwards these components came to be known as nitrogen and oxygen, respectively.
See also
Heat
References
History of chemistry
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic%20group
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In mathematics, an automatic group is a finitely generated group equipped with several finite-state automata. These automata represent the Cayley graph of the group. That is, they can tell if a given word representation of a group element is in a "canonical form" and can tell if two elements given in canonical words differ by a generator.
More precisely, let G be a group and A be a finite set of generators. Then an automatic structure of G with respect to A is a set of finite-state automata:
the word-acceptor, which accepts for every element of G at least one word in representing it;
multipliers, one for each , which accept a pair (w1, w2), for words wi accepted by the word-acceptor, precisely when in G.
The property of being automatic does not depend on the set of generators.
Properties
Automatic groups have word problem solvable in quadratic time. More strongly, a given word can actually be put into canonical form in quadratic time, based on which the word problem may be solved by testing whether the canonical forms of two words represent the same element (using the multiplier for ).
Automatic groups are characterized by the fellow traveler property. Let denote the distance between in the Cayley graph of . Then, G is automatic with respect to a word acceptor L if and only if there is a constant such that for all words which differ by at most one generator, the distance between the respective prefixes of u and v is bounded by C. In other words, where for the k
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Well-founded%20semantics
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In computer science, the well-founded semantics is a semantics for logic programming. It defines how to make conclusions from a set of logical rules. In logic programming, a computer receives a set of facts, and a set of "inference rules" about how these facts relate. The well-founded semantics is one way to define the precise meaning of such logic programs.
History
The well-founded semantics was defined by Van Gelder, et al. in 1991.
Three-valued logic
The well-founded semantics can be viewed as a three-valued version of stable model semantics. Instead of only assigning propositions true or false, it adds a value for representing ignorance.
For example, given:
Specimen A is a moth if specimen A does not fly during daylight.
but whether specimen A flies during the day is unknown, the well-founded semantics would assign the proposition "specimen A is a moth" the value bottom, which is neither true nor false.
Applications
The well-founded semantics is a way of making safe inferences in the presence of contradictory data such as noisy data, or data acquired from experts who promote varying opinions. Many two-valued semantics do not consider such a problem state workable. Well-founded semantics, however, circumvents the contradictions and proceeds to derive as many two-valued facts as possible, even though some consequences may remain unknown.
Complexity
The fastest known algorithm to compute well-founded semantics, is of quadratic time complexity.
References
Logic pro
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosmos%201887
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Bion 8 or Kosmos 1887 (in Russian: Бион 8, Космос 1887) was a Bion satellite.
Mission
Bion 8 carried a payload of biological and radiation physics experiments from nine countries. The landing was several hundred miles from the expected recovery site, which resulted in considerable difficulties. The biological payload on the spacecraft included 2 monkeys, 10 rats, fruit flies, grasshoppers, beetles, guppies, Hynobiidae, Chlorella ciliate, newts and corn. More than 50 NASA-sponsored scientists were involved in conducting the 33 American experiments on board.
One of these experiments, a study of radiation levels in the space environment, did not require the use of any biological subjects. The United States conducted only one experiment on the primates flown on the biosatellite. The remaining American experiments were performed on tissue samples from five of the flight rats. A number of these experiments were extensions of the studies conducted on the Spacelab-3 mission in April 1985. The other countries involved in conducting experiments on the mission were the Soviet Union, Poland, Czechoslovakia, the East Germany, France, Romania, Bulgaria and Hungary. The European Space Agency (ESA) also sponsored some experiments. The United States was responsible for developing flight and ground-based hardware, verifying testing of hardware and experiment procedures, developing rat tissue sampling procedures, and transferring tissues and data from the Soviet Union after the flight. One o
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N-Ethylmaleimide
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N-Ethylmaleimide (NEM) is an organic compound that is derived from maleic acid. It contains the amide functional group, but more importantly it is an alkene that is reactive toward thiols and is commonly used to modify cysteine residues in proteins and peptides.
Organic chemistry
NEM is a Michael acceptor in the Michael reaction, which means that it adds nucleophiles such as thiols. The resulting thioether features a strong C-S bond and the reaction is virtually irreversible. Reaction with thiols occur in the pH range 6.5–7.5, NEM may react with amines or undergo hydrolysis at a more alkaline pH. NEM has been widely used to probe the functional role of thiol groups in enzymology. NEM is an irreversible inhibitor of all cysteine peptidases, with alkylation occurring at the active site thiol group (see schematic).
Case studies
NEM blocks vesicular transport. In lysis buffers, 20 to 25 mM of NEM is used to inhibit de-sumoylation of proteins for Western Blot analysis. NEM has also been used as an inhibitor of deubiquitinases.
N-Ethylmaleimide was used by Arthur Kornberg and colleagues to knock out DNA polymerase III in order to compare its activity to that of DNA polymerase I (pol III and I, respectively). Kornberg had been awarded the Nobel Prize for discovering pol I, then believed to be the mechanism of bacterial DNA replication, although in this experiment he showed that pol III was the actual replicative machinery.
NEM activates ouabain-insensitive Cl-dependent K eff
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary%20splitting
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In mathematics, binary splitting is a technique for speeding up numerical evaluation of many types of series with rational terms. In particular, it can be used to evaluate hypergeometric series at rational points.
Method
Given a series
where pn and qn are integers, the goal of binary splitting is to compute integers P(a, b) and Q(a, b) such that
The splitting consists of setting m = [(a + b)/2] and recursively computing P(a, b) and Q(a, b) from P(a, m), P(m, b), Q(a, m), and Q(m, b). When a and b are sufficiently close, P(a, b) and Q(a, b) can be computed directly from pa...pb and qa...qb.
Comparison with other methods
Binary splitting requires more memory than direct term-by-term summation, but is asymptotically faster since the sizes of all occurring subproducts are reduced. Additionally, whereas the most naive evaluation scheme for a rational series uses a full-precision division for each term in the series, binary splitting requires only one final division at the target precision; this is not only faster, but conveniently eliminates rounding errors. To take full advantage of the scheme, fast multiplication algorithms such as Toom–Cook and Schönhage–Strassen must be used; with ordinary O(n2) multiplication, binary splitting may render no speedup at all or be slower.
Since all subdivisions of the series can be computed independently of each other, binary splitting lends well to parallelization and checkpointing.
In a less specific sense, binary splitting may also refe
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JTCC
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JTCC may refer to:
Japanese Touring Car Championship
Junior Tennis Champions Center - tennis training center in College Park, Maryland
John Tyler Community College
Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qfix%20robot%20kit
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Qfix robot kits are an education tool for teaching robotics. They are used in schools, high schools and mechatronics training in companies. The robot kits are also used by hobby robot builders.
The qfix kits are often found in the RoboCup Junior competition where soccer robots are built of the kit's components.
Mechanics
Like Lego mindstorms, it is a robot kit consisting of mechanical parts, a controller,
different sensors and actuators, and a software environment to program the constructed robot.
Unlike Lego, in qfix the mechanical parts are made of aluminium. Mechanical elements include bars and plates, mounts for motors and sensors, axes and wheels.
Electronics
The qfix controller boards consist of an Atmel AVR controller plus motor drivers, analog and digital input ports, LEDs, buttons, and an I²C bus. The bus is used to connect further PCBs like LCD display, stronger motor drivers or special sensors.
Software
The qfix kits come with the free C++ environment WinAVR for Atmel AVR controllers. Additionally, there is a C++ class library handling all qfix controller board functionalities. Programs can be downloaded to the controller boards via parallel or USB link using the avrdude tool.
Graphical programming is also supported by using qfix GRAPE (graphical programming environment). With this software, first a flowchart is designed and then the behavior of all flowchart elements is defined.
External links
RoboCup Junior
qfix robotics homepage
qfix Grape
Educatio
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyman%20Memorial%20High%20School
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Lyman Memorial High School is an American high school in Lebanon, Connecticut. It has a very large agricultural program that, with its computer science classes, attracts students from neighboring communities, especially Columbia and Hampton. The school has approximately 330 students with about 70-90 students in each grade.
History
Lyman Memorial was originally built on the Lebanon Green (at the site where the Lebanon Town Hall now sits) and was funded by a generous donation from the Lyman family. The original Lyman building burned down, and the school was re-built on Route 207. This second building became Lebanon Middle School after the present-day Lyman Memorial building was built in the mid-1990s.
The Principal is James Apicelli and the Vice Principal is Samantha Singleton. The current building was completed in 1992.
Extracurricular activities
Lyman's sports teams are nicknamed the Bulldogs, and Lyman historically has very strong soccer and cross country teams. Other athletic programs include basketball, indoor track, wrestling, baseball, softball, volleyball, track and field, tennis, a co-op ice hockey team with Bolton High School, Rockville High School, and Coventry High School, and a co-op football team with Coventry, Windham Tech, and Bolton which went 10–0 in 2017 and won the Pequot League Championship.
Accreditation
Lyman Memorial High School is accredited by the New England Association of Schools and
Colleges, Inc., a nongovernmental, nationally recognized organ
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error%20term
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In mathematics and statistics, an error term is an additive type of error. Common examples include:
errors and residuals in statistics, e.g. in linear regression
the error term in numerical integration
Error measures
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee%20Jones%20%28author%29
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Lee Jones is an online poker executive and the author of Winning Low-Limit Hold 'em.
Education
Jones earned his B.S. in Computer Science from Duke University in North Carolina in 1978, and his M.S. in Electrical Engineering from the University of Maryland in 1983.
In 2019, Lee partnered with Tommy Angelo to create the video series called PokerSimple.
He also contributes a monthly column to Bluff Magazine.
Career
From October 2003 to April 2007, Jones worked as the cardroom manager of the PokerStars online poker cardroom. As the poker room manager, Jones decided which poker tournaments and games to offer the players. In April 2007, Jones left PokerStars and began work with the European Poker Tour. Jones said that he was making the change "to expand [his] horizons and stretch some new muscles." Jones organized, hosted, and provided television commentary for EPT events, while also still serving as a consultant for PokerStars.
In April 2008 Jones announced he was leaving EPT to become COO of CardRunners, a poker instructional website. He left Cardrunners in 2009.
In May 2009 Jones signed on with the Cake Poker Network's flagship member Cake Poker as the Card Room Manager. He was also acting as a player advocate at Cake Poker. He resigned from Cake Poker in December 2010 citing "strategic decisions with which I'm not comfortable"
In 2012, Jones returned to work with PokerStars when they acquired FullTiltPoker.
In 2014, Jones earned 14th place in the Isle of Man stop of U
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics%20Magazine
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Mathematics Magazine is a refereed bimonthly publication of the Mathematical Association of America. Its intended audience is teachers of collegiate mathematics, especially at the junior/senior level, and their students. It is explicitly a journal of mathematics rather than pedagogy. Rather than articles in the terse "theorem-proof" style of research journals, it seeks articles which provide a context for the mathematics they deliver, with examples, applications, illustrations, and historical background. Paid circulation in 2008 was 9,500 and total circulation was 10,000.
Mathematics Magazine is a continuation of Mathematics News Letter (1926–1934) and National Mathematics Magazine (1934–1945). Doris Schattschneider became the first female editor of Mathematics Magazine in 1981.
The MAA gives the Carl B. Allendoerfer Awards annually "for articles of expository excellence" published in Mathematics Magazine.
See also
American Mathematical Monthly
Carl B. Allendoerfer Award
Notes
Further reading
External links
Mathematics Magazine at JSTOR
Mathematics Magazine at Taylor & Francis Online
Mathematics education journals
Academic journals published by learned and professional societies of the United States
Mathematical Association of America
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard%20Berg
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Howard Curtis Berg (March 16, 1934 – December 30, 2021) was the Herchel Smith Professor of Physics and professor of molecular and cellular biology at Harvard University, where he taught biophysics and studied the motility of the bacterium Escherichia coli (E. coli).
Berg has been a member of the Harvard University department of molecular and cellular biology since 1986 and of the Harvard University department of physics since 1997. He was also a member of the Rowland Institute for Science at Harvard University.
Early life and family
Berg was born to Esther C. and Clarence P. Berg in Iowa City, where his father was a biochemist at the University of Iowa and an expert on the physiology of non-proteinogenic D-amino acids.
Berg was the husband of Mary Guyer Berg, a scholar of Latin American literature. Berg has 3 children. His elder son Henry became a tech entrepreneur in Washington State, his second son Alec, a comedy writer in Hollywood. His youngest, daughter Elena, studies animal behavior at the American University in Paris.
Education and career
Berg studied as an undergraduate at the California Institute of Technology and received a B.S. in chemistry in 1956. After graduation, he spent a year with Kai Linderstrøm-Lang at the Carlsberg Laboratory in Copenhagen. Eventually he was accepted into the physics graduate program at Harvard, where he earned a Ph.D. in chemical physics in 1964, with a dissertation on the hydrogen maser directed by Nobel Laureate Norman Ramsey.
Alt
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycyclic
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Polycyclic may refer to:
Polycyclic compound, a cyclic compound with more than one hydrocarbon loop or ring structures, including:
Polycyclic musks
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
Chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
Contorted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
Polycyclic group, in mathematics, a solvable group that satisfies the maximal condition on subgroups
Polycyclic spawning, when an animal reproduces multiple times during its lifespan
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALOPEX
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ALOPEX (an acronym from "ALgorithms Of Pattern EXtraction") is a correlation based machine learning algorithm first proposed by Tzanakou and Harth in 1974.
Principle
In machine learning, the goal is to train a system to minimize a cost function or (referring to ALOPEX) a response function. Many training algorithms, such as backpropagation, have an inherent susceptibility to getting "stuck" in local minima or maxima of the response function. ALOPEX uses a cross-correlation of differences and a stochastic process to overcome this in an attempt to reach the absolute minimum (or maximum) of the response function.
Method
ALOPEX, in its simplest form is defined by an updating equation:
Where:
is the iteration or time-step.
is the difference between the current and previous value of system variable at iteration .
is the difference between the current and previous value of the response function at iteration .
is the learning rate parameter minimizes and maximizes
Discussion
Essentially, ALOPEX changes each system variable based on a product of: the previous change in the variable , the resulting change in the cost function , and the learning rate parameter . Further, to find the absolute minimum (or maximum), the stochastic process (Gaussian or other) is added to stochastically "push" the algorithm out of any local minima.
References
Harth, E., & Tzanakou, E. (1974) Alopex: A stochastic method for determining visual receptive fields. Vision Research, 14:1475-148
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbit%20method
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In mathematics, the orbit method (also known as the Kirillov theory, the method of coadjoint orbits and by a few similar names) establishes a correspondence between irreducible unitary representations of a Lie group and its coadjoint orbits: orbits of the action of the group on the dual space of its Lie algebra. The theory was introduced by for nilpotent groups and later extended by Bertram Kostant, Louis Auslander, Lajos Pukánszky and others to the case of solvable groups. Roger Howe found a version of the orbit method that applies to p-adic Lie groups.
David Vogan proposed that the orbit method should serve as a unifying principle in the description of the unitary duals of real reductive Lie groups.
Relation with symplectic geometry
One of the key observations of Kirillov was that coadjoint orbits of a Lie group G have natural structure of symplectic manifolds whose symplectic structure is invariant under G. If an orbit is the phase space of a G-invariant classical mechanical system then the corresponding quantum mechanical system ought to be described via an irreducible unitary representation of G. Geometric invariants of the orbit translate into algebraic invariants of the corresponding representation. In this way the orbit method may be viewed as a precise mathematical manifestation of a vague physical principle of quantization. In the case of a nilpotent group G the correspondence involves all orbits, but for a general G additional restrictions on the orbit are neces
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attenuator%20%28genetics%29
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In genetics, attenuation is a regulatory mechanism for some bacterial operons that results in premature termination of transcription. The canonical example of attenuation used in many introductory genetics textbooks, is ribosome-mediated attenuation of the trp operon. Ribosome-mediated attenuation of the trp operon relies on the fact that, in bacteria, transcription and translation proceed simultaneously. Attenuation involves a provisional stop signal (attenuator), located in the DNA segment that corresponds to the leader sequence of mRNA. During attenuation, the ribosome becomes stalled (delayed) in the attenuator region in the mRNA leader. Depending on the metabolic conditions, the attenuator either stops transcription at that point or allows read-through to the structural gene part of the mRNA and synthesis of the appropriate protein.
Attenuation is a regulatory feature found throughout Archaea and Bacteria causing premature termination of transcription. Attenuators are 5'-cis acting regulatory regions which fold into one of two alternative RNA structures which determine the success of transcription. The folding is modulated by a sensing mechanism producing either a Rho-independent terminator, resulting in interrupted transcription and a non-functional RNA product; or an anti-terminator structure, resulting in a functional RNA transcript. There are now many equivalent examples where the translation, not transcription, is terminated by sequestering the Shine-Dalgarno seque
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutrino%20%28disambiguation%29
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A neutrino is an elementary particle.
Neutrino may also refer to:
QNX Neutrino, an operating system
Team Neutrino, a FIRST Robotics Competition team
Neutrino, a suborbital spacecraft in development by Interorbital Systems
, or Neytrino (), a village near Baksan Neutrino Observatory in Elbrussky District of Kabardino-Balkar Republic, Russia
Neutrino (JavaScript library)
Fiction
Neutrinos (Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles), characters in the TV show
Neutrino 2000, a series of guns used in the Artemis Fowl books
See also
Neutrino Factory, a proposed particle accelerator complex
Poppa Neutrino, born William David Pearlman (1933–2011), musician and "free spirit"
Oxide & Neutrino, a UK garage/rap duo
Neutralino, a hypothetical particle
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottish%20Book
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The Scottish Book () was a thick notebook used by mathematicians of the Lwów School of Mathematics in Poland for jotting down problems meant to be solved. The notebook was named after the "Scottish Café" where it was kept.
Originally, the mathematicians who gathered at the cafe would write down the problems and equations directly on the cafe's marble table tops, but these would be erased at the end of each day, and so the record of the preceding discussions would be lost. The idea for the book was most likely originally suggested by Stefan Banach's wife, Łucja Banach. Stefan or Łucja Banach purchased a large notebook and left it with the proprietor of the cafe.
History
The Scottish Café () was the café in Lwów (now Lviv, Ukraine) where, in the 1930s and 1940s, mathematicians from the Lwów School collaboratively discussed research problems, particularly in functional analysis and topology.
Stanislaw Ulam recounts that the tables of the café had marble tops, so they could write in pencil, directly on the table, during their discussions. To keep the results from being lost, and after becoming annoyed with their writing directly on the table tops, Stefan Banach's wife provided the mathematicians with a large notebook, which was used for writing the problems and answers and eventually became known as the Scottish Book. The book—a collection of solved, unsolved, and even probably unsolvable problems—could be borrowed by any of the guests of the café. Solving any of the problem
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long%20Hot%20Summer%20%28Girls%20Aloud%20song%29
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"Long Hot Summer" is a song by English-Irish all-female pop group Girls Aloud, taken as the first single from their third studio album Chemistry (2005). The song was written by Miranda Cooper, Brian Higgins and his production team Xenomania, and produced by Higgins and Xenomania. "Long Hot Summer" was written for inclusion in the Disney film Herbie: Fully Loaded (2005), but plans fell through. Higgins later described the track as "a disaster record." Released in August 2005, it became Girls Aloud's first single to miss the top five on the UK Singles Chart, peaking at number seven.
The music video drew inspiration from the possibility of inclusion on the Herbie soundtrack, taking place at a garage where Girls Aloud work as auto mechanics. "Long Hot Summer" was promoted through numerous live appearances and has since been performed on two of the group's concert tours. The "upbeat pop tune" received mixed reviews from contemporary music critics; some reviewers thought the song felt "flat."
The song has been covered by Taiwanese singer Amber An for her 2011 album Evil Girl, reworked in Mandarin as 惡女.
Background and composition
The song is produced in the key of D flat major. Described as an "upbeat pop tune", the song received comparisons to Bananarama. It was also called "brilliantly barmy, with its lyrics about transvestite boyfriends running down the Old Kent Road."
"Long Hot Summer" was written by Xenomania while they were in Los Angeles to meet with Disney. It was recor
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biology%20%28song%29
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"Biology" is a song performed by English-Irish all-female pop group Girls Aloud, taken from their third studio album Chemistry (2005). The progressive pop song was written by Miranda Cooper, Brian Higgins and Higgins' production team Xenomania, and produced by Higgins and Xenomania. Composed of distinct sections, it avoids the verse-chorus form present in most contemporary pop music. "Biology" was released as a single in November 2005, ahead of the album's release. Following the disappointment of "Long Hot Summer", "Biology" returned Girls Aloud to the top five of the UK Singles Chart and became their tenth top ten hit.
The music video, consisting only of group shots, witnesses Girls Aloud seamlessly moving through various sequences while performing disjointed choreography. "Biology" was promoted through a number of live appearances and has since been performed on all of Girls Aloud's subsequent concert tours. The song, which includes a variety of styles, received widespread acclaim from contemporary music critics. Considered one of Girls Aloud's signature songs, The Guardian referred to "Biology" as "the best pop single of the last decade".
Background and composition
"Biology" is composed of a number of distinctly different sections. The song begins with a 12/8 stanza which samples the main guitar and piano riff of the Animals 1965 song "Club a Go-Go". The tempo then changes to 4/4 and the first verse occurs, followed by two noticeably individual transitional bridges. Arou
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin%20Papyrus%206619
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The Berlin Papyrus 6619, simply called the Berlin Papyrus when the context makes it clear, is one of the primary sources of ancient Egyptian mathematics. One of the two mathematics problems on the Papyrus may suggest that the ancient Egyptians knew the Pythagorean theorem.
Description, dating, and provenance
The Berlin Papyrus 6619 is an ancient Egyptian papyrus document from the Middle Kingdom, second half of the 12th (c. 1990–1800 BC) or 13th Dynasty (c. 1800 BC – 1649 BC). The two readable fragments were published by Hans Schack-Schackenburg in 1900 and 1902.
Connection to the Pythagorean theorem
The Berlin Papyrus contains two problems, the first stated as "the area of a square of 100 is equal to that of two smaller squares. The side of one is ½ + ¼ the side of the other." The interest in the question may suggest some knowledge of the Pythagorean theorem, though the papyrus only shows a straightforward solution to a single second degree equation in one unknown. In modern terms, the simultaneous equations and reduce to the single equation in y: , giving the solution y = 8 and x = 6.
See also
List of ancient Egyptian papyri
Papyrology
Timeline of mathematics
Egyptian fraction
References
External links
Simultaneous equation examples from the Berlin papyrus
Two algebra problems compared to RMP algebra
Two suggested solutions
Egyptian mathematics
Papyri from ancient Egypt
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AP%20Computer%20Science
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In the United States, Advanced Placement (AP) Computer Science (commonly shortened to AP Comp Sci) is a suite of Advanced Placement courses and examinations covering areas of computer science. They are offered by the College Board to high school students as an opportunity to earn college credit for college-level courses. The suite consists of two current classes and one discontinued class.
AP Computer Science was taught in Pascal for the 1984–1998 exams, in C++ for 1999–2003, and in Java since 2004.
AP Computer Science A
AP Computer Science A is a programming class. The course emphasizes object-oriented programming methodology, especially problem solving and algorithm development, plus an overview of data structures and abstraction. The AP Computer Science A exam tests students on their knowledge of Java.
It is meant to be the equivalent of a first-semester college course in computer science.
The Microsoft-sponsored program Technology Education and Literacy in Schools (TEALS) aims to increase the number of students taking AP Computer Science classes.
AP Computer Science AB (discontinued)
AP Computer Science AB included all the topics of AP Computer Science A, as well as a more formal and a more in-depth study of algorithms, data structures, and data abstraction. For example, binary trees were studied in AP Computer Science AB but not in AP Computer Science A. The use of recursive data structures and dynamically allocated structures were fundamental to AP Computer Scie
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boyd%20Haley
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Boyd Eugene Haley (born September 22, 1940, Greensburg, Indiana) is an American anti-vaccine activist and retired professor of chemistry at the University of Kentucky.
Education and career
A native of Greensburg, Indiana, Haley graduated from its New Point High School in 1959. Four years later, he received a bachelor's degree from Franklin College in Franklin, Indiana, and then entered a teaching fellowship at Howard University. Thereafter, he served as a U.S. Army medic a few years.
In 1967, Haley obtained an M.S. degree from the University of Idaho. He then entered a doctoral program at Washington State University, where he worked "to make chemical modifications on ATP to try to identify how and exactly where ATP binds to cause muscle movement." In 1971, WSU granted him his Ph.D. degree in chemistry-biochemistry.
For three years, Haley served as a postdoctoral scholar at Yale University. From 1974 to 1985, he was a professor at the University of Wyoming. hereafter, he was appointed professor of medicinal chemistry at the University of Kentucky, whose chemistry department he became chairperson of in 1997. He is now professor emeritus.
Basic research
In 1992, Haley and a colleague, upon examining cerebrospinal fluid, reported levels of glutamine synthetase considerably higher in cases of Alzheimer's disease than in a control group, and suggested that this could be a biomarker to aid diagnosis.
In 2005, Haley reproduced findings of gold salt removing mercury from molec
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G-quadruplex
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In molecular biology, G-quadruplex secondary structures (G4) are formed in nucleic acids by sequences that are rich in guanine. They are helical in shape and contain guanine tetrads that can form from one, two or four strands. The unimolecular forms often occur naturally near the ends of the chromosomes, better known as the telomeric regions, and in transcriptional regulatory regions of multiple genes, both in microbes and across vertebrates including oncogenes in humans. Four guanine bases can associate through Hoogsteen hydrogen bonding to form a square planar structure called a guanine tetrad (G-tetrad or G-quartet), and two or more guanine tetrads (from G-tracts, continuous runs of guanine) can stack on top of each other to form a G-quadruplex.
The placement and bonding to form G-quadruplexes is not random and serve very unusual functional purposes. The quadruplex structure is further stabilized by the presence of a cation, especially potassium, which sits in a central channel between each pair of tetrads. They can be formed of DNA, RNA, LNA, and PNA, and may be intramolecular, bimolecular, or tetramolecular. Depending on the direction of the strands or parts of a strand that form the tetrads, structures may be described as parallel or antiparallel. G-quadruplex structures can be computationally predicted from DNA or RNA sequence motifs, but their actual structures can be quite varied within and between the motifs, which can number over 100,000 per genome. Their act
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20V.%20N.%20Dorr
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Dr. John Van Nostrand Dorr (1872–1962) was an industrial chemist active in early to middle twentieth century. He was born in 1872 in Newark, New Jersey. He worked with Thomas Edison before attending Rutgers University, from which he obtained a B.S. in chemistry in 1894.
His major contribution in the field of chemical engineering was the development of the Dorr classifier which became a practical method for the separation and chemical treatment of fine solids suspended in liquid. This technology was used in sewage treatment, water purification, de-silting projects, minerals milling, and sugar production. He founded the Dorr Company in 1916.
In the early 1950s, Dorr postulated that at night and when rain, snow or fog impaired vision, drivers hugged the white lines painted in the middle of highways. Dorr believed this led to numerous accidents and that painting a white line along the outside shoulders of the highways would save lives. Dorr convinced highway engineers in Westchester County, New York, to test his theory along a stretch of highway with curves and gradients. The decrease in accidents was dramatic and a follow-up test in Connecticut had similar results. Dorr then used his own foundation to publicize the demonstration's results.
Dorr was awarded the Franklin Institute's John Scott Medal in 1916, the Chemical Industry Medal in 1938, and the Perkin Medal by the Society of Chemical Industry in 1941. He was the benefactor of several major philanthropies, as well as fo
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particular%20values%20of%20the%20gamma%20function
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The gamma function is an important special function in mathematics. Its particular values can be expressed in closed form for integer and half-integer arguments, but no simple expressions are known for the values at rational points in general. Other fractional arguments can be approximated through efficient infinite products, infinite series, and recurrence relations.
Integers and half-integers
For positive integer arguments, the gamma function coincides with the factorial. That is,
and hence
and so on. For non-positive integers, the gamma function is not defined.
For positive half-integers, the function values are given exactly by
or equivalently, for non-negative integer values of :
where denotes the double factorial. In particular,
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and by means of the reflection formula,
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General rational argument
In analogy with the half-integer formula,
where denotes the th multifactorial of . Numerically,
.
As tends to infinity,
where is the Euler–Mascheroni constant and denotes asymptotic equivalence.
It is unknown whether these constants are transcendental in general, but and were shown to be transcendental by G. V. Chudnovsky. has also long been known to be transcendental, and Yuri Nesterenko proved in 1996 that , , and are algebraically independent.
The number is related to the lemniscate constant by
and it has been conjectured by Gramain that
where is the
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick%20Cramer
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Patrick Cramer (born 3 February 1969 in Stuttgart, West Germany) is a German chemist, structural biologist, and molecular systems biologist. In 2020, he was honoured to be an international member of the National Academy of Sciences. He became president of the Max Planck Society in June 2023.
Life
Cramer studied chemistry at the Universities of Stuttgart and Heidelberg (Germany) from 1989 until 1995. He completed a part of his studies as ERASMUS scholar at the University of Bristol in the UK. As a research student he also worked in the lab of Sir Alan Fersht in Cambridge, UK at the MRC Laboratory for Molecular Biology (LMB) site. In 1995 until 1998 he worked as a PhD student in laboratory of Christoph W. Müller at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) in Grenoble, France. He obtained his PhD in natural sciences (Dr. rer. nat.) from the University of Heidelberg in 1998. From 1999 until 2001 Cramer worked as postdoctoral researcher and fellow of the German Research Foundation (DFG) in the laboratory of the later Nobel Prize laureate Roger D. Kornberg at Stanford University, USA.
In 2001 Patrick Cramer returned to Germany, where he obtained a tenure-track professorship for biochemistry at the Gene Center of the University of Munich (Ludwig Maximilians University, LMU where he was later, in 2004, appointed full professor of biochemistry. Patrick Cramer headed the Gene Center of the University of Munich for 10 years, from 2004 until 2013. He also served as Dean of the
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20Carell
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Thomas Carell (born 1966) is a German biochemist.
Carell was born in 1966 in Herford Germany, he studied chemistry from 1985 till 1990 at the University of Münster finishing with a diploma thesis at the Max Planck Institute for Medical Research Heidelberg. After his PhD thesis on Porphyrin chemistry at the same institute, he did his postdoctoral at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1993. He finished his habilitation on DNA repair proteins at the Eidgenössischen Technischen Hochschule Zürich in 1998. From 2000 till 2004 he was Professor for organic chemistry at the University of Marburg until he became Professor for organic chemistry at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. His main interest is still the DNA repair system.
In 2004, he received the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, which is the highest honour awarded in German research. In 2008, he was awarded the for his work on the DNA repair systems. In 2008 he became a member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina.
Since 2010, Professor Carell has been an Associate Editor of Chemical Science, the flagship general chemistry journal published by the Royal Society of Chemistry
References
Portrait at the Deutschen Forschungs Gesellschaft
Homepage at the LMU Munich
Interview with Thomas Carell on the website of the Royal Society of Chemistry.
Carell, Thomas
Carell, Thomas
Carell, Thomas
Carell, Thomas
University of Münster alumni
Massachusetts Institute of T
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce%20Fitch
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Ralph Bruce Fitch is a Canadian politician, He represents Riverview in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick.
Early life
Born in Moncton, New Brunswick, he is the son of Dr. Ralph Fitch. In 1980, he graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree in Biology from Mount Allison University. His career in the private sector was in the insurance and financial industries. He worked with Scotiabank and its brokerage firm ScotiaMcLeod for many years prior to his election to the legislature.
Political career
He was first involved in politics when he was elected in 1989 to the municipal council of the Town of Riverview. He was re-elected to that position in 1992 and 1995 before successfully running for mayor in 1998. He was re-elected mayor in 2001 and served in that capacity until his election to the legislature in the 2003 provincial election. Fitch was the only non-incumbent Progressive Conservative to win a seat in that election and was immediately named to cabinet as Minister of Energy. He was shuffled to the new Justice and Consumer Affairs portfolio on February 14, 2006 despite having no legal training; this was made possible by disassociating the functions of the Office of the Attorney General from the Justice Department.
He is a member of the First Baptist Church. His hobbies include sailboarding and golf. An ardent fan and supporter of minor sports, he is frequently seen on the sidelines of his children’s games. He also coached minor soccer and football in the past.
He h
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bipolaron
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In physics, a bipolaron is a type of quasiparticle consisting of two polarons. In organic chemistry, it is a molecule or a part of a macromolecular chain containing two positive charges in a conjugated system.
Bipolarons in physics
In physics, a bipolaron is a bound pair of two polarons. An electron in a material may cause a distortion in the underlying lattice. The combination of electron and distortion (which may also be understood as a cloud of phonons) is known as a polaron (in part because the interaction between electron and lattice is via a polarization). When two polarons are close together, they can lower their energy by sharing the same distortions, which leads to an effective attraction between the polarons. If the interaction is sufficiently large, then that attraction leads to a bound bipolaron. For strong attraction, bipolarons may be small. Small bipolarons have integer spin and thus share some of the properties of bosons. If many bipolarons form without coming too close, they might be able to form a Bose–Einstein condensate. This has led to a suggestion that bipolarons could be a possible mechanism for high-temperature superconductivity. For example, they can lead to a very direct interpretation of the isotope effect.
Recently, bipolarons were predicted theorethically in a Bose-Einstein condensate. Two polarons interchange sound waves and they attract to each other, forming a bound-state when the strength coupling between the single polarons and the conden
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quinoid
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In organic chemistry, quinoids are a class of chemical compounds that are derived from quinone. Unlike benzenoid structures, the quinoid part is not aromatic.
See also
Benzenoid
Aromatic compound
References
Cyclic compounds
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Gruber
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John Gruber (born 1973) is a technology blogger, UI designer, and is the inventor of the Markdown markup language.
History
Gruber is from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He received his Bachelor of Science in computer science from Drexel University, then worked for Bare Bones Software (2000–02) and Joyent (2005–06).
In 2004, Aaron Swartz and Gruber worked together to create the Markdown language , with the goal of enabling people "to write using an easy-to-read and easy-to-write plain text format, optionally convert it to structurally valid XHTML (or HTML)".
Daring Fireball
Since 2002, Gruber has written and produced Daring Fireball, a technology-focused blog. He has described his Daring Fireball writing as a "Mac column in the form of a weblog." It was partly inspired by kottke.org by Jason Kottke. The site is written in the form of a tumblelog called The Linked List, a linklog with brief commentary, in between occasional longform articles that discuss Apple products and issues in related consumer technology. Gruber often writes about user interfaces, software development, Mac applications, and Apple's media coverage.
The blog's name comes from Gruber's childhood aspiration for a career as a human cannonball stuntman act named the Daring Fireball. His costume was to be "a complete rip-off of Evel Knievel combined with the Dallas Cowboys", and the blog's logo (Unicode character U+272A ✪ "Circled White Star") references the helmet he designed for the act.
In 2004, Gruber be
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoffrey%20H.%20Bourne
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Geoffrey Howard Bourne (17 November 1909 – 19 July 1988) was an Australian-American anatomist and primatologist. In particular, he studied the adrenal gland, conducting pioneering work in histochemistry.
Bourne was director of Yerkes National Primate Research Center at Emory University from 1962 until 1978. Prior to coming to Emory he had taught histology at the University of London and physiology at Oxford University. He received his doctorates from Oxford University (D.Sc., 1935; Ph.D., 1943) and was a fellow of the Royal Society of Medicine.
Bibliography
(ed.) (1942) Cytology and Cell Physiology
(1949) The Mammalian Adrenal Gland
(1956) Biochemistry and Physiology of Bone
(1957) Vitamin C in the Animal Cell
(ed.) (1961) Physiological and Pathological Aging
(1962) Structure and Function of Muscle
(1970) Ape People
(1974a) Non-Human Primates and Medical Research
(1974b) Primate Odyssey
(1975) The Gentle Giants: The Gorilla Story'
(ed.) (1977) Human and Veterinary Nutrition (ed.) (1988) Sociological and Medical Aspects of NutritionNotes
References
External links
Geoffrey Bourne, Encyclopædia Britannica''
1909 births
1988 deaths
Australian anatomists
Primatologists
20th-century American zoologists
Australian emigrants to the United States
Alumni of the University of Oxford
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann%20Tobias%20B%C3%BCrg
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Johann Tobias Bürg (December 24, 1766 – November 15, 1835), sometimes known as Johannes Burg, was an Austrian astronomer.
Life
Born in Vienna, Bürg worked as astronomical assistant to Franz Xaver von Zach at the Gotha Observatory. From 1791 he served as a professor of physics at the Gymnasium in Klagenfurt, Carinthia. He subsequently became assistant at the Vienna Observatory, where in 1817 he succeeded as director after the death of Franz de Paula Triesnecker.
In 1799 he published astronomical tables on the Orbit of the Moon based on about 3,000 observations, that were praised for their accuracy. For these astronomical tables, Bürg was made a member of the French Academy of Sciences. He also was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Hanoverian Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities in 1801, of the Prussian Academy of Sciences in 1812, as well as of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1822.
He died at Wiesenau Castle, near Sankt Leonhard in Carinthia, where he is also buried. In 1834 the crater Bürg on the Moon was named by Johann Heinrich von Mädler in his honour.
Notes
Adolf Drechsler in his Ill. Lexikon der Astronomie (Leipzig, 1881) gives Trier as Bürg's place of birth and 1835 as the year of death. Some sources give November 15 as his date of birth, others November 25, 1834 is sometimes given as his date of death.
References
External links
Aeiou: Johann Tobias Bürg
Chris Plicht, "Johann Tobias Bürg"
Cra
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phil%20Jones%20%28climatologist%29
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Philip Douglas Jones (born 22 April 1952) is a former director of the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) and a professor in the School of Environmental Sciences at the University of East Anglia (UEA) from 1998, having begun his career at the unit in 1976. He retired from these positions at the end of 2016, and was replaced as CRU director by Tim Osborn. Jones then took up a position as a Professorial Fellow at the UEA from January 2017.
His research interests include instrumental climate change, palaeoclimatology, detection of climate change and the extension of riverflow records in the UK. He has also published papers on the temperature record of the past 1000 years.
He is known for maintaining a time series of the instrumental temperature record. This work was featured prominently in both the 2001 and 2007 IPCC reports, where he was a contributing author to Chapter 12, Detection of Climate Change and Attribution of Causes, of the Third Assessment Report and a Coordinating Lead Author of Chapter 3, Observations: Surface and Atmospheric Climate Change, of the AR4.
Education
Jones obtained a B.A. in Environmental Sciences (1973) from Lancaster University, an M.Sc. in Engineering Hydrology (1974) and a Ph.D. in Hydrology (1977) from the Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne.
Career
Jones has spent his entire career with the University of East Anglia's Climatic Research Unit (CRU). He began as a Senior Research Associate in 1976, advancing to Re
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klaus%20Scholder
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Klaus Scholder (January 12, 1930 – April 10, 1985) was a German ecclesiastical historian, professor of history at the University of Tübingen.
Life
Scholder was the son of Erlangen professor of Chemistry Rudolf Scholder. After his high school graduation, he studied Germanistics and Theology at the University of Tübingen and at Göttingen. After his academic promotion and his ordination as an evangelical pastor, he worked for the FDP's Bundestag faction. In 1958 he took up a post with the Evangelical-Lutheran Church in Württemberg and at first was a parish steward at Bad Überkingen, only to move on to the Evangelical Priory of Tübingen in 1959. After his habilitation he worked as a private docent at the University of Tübingen and in 1968 received a professorship for Ecclesiastic Order.
His work focussed on the Kirchenkampf, the intra-confessional struggle of German Christians during Hitler's Third Reich, on which he wrote Die Kirchen und das Dritte Reich (The Churches and the Third Reich). The two volumes are still considered a standard on the topic in Germany. A third volume was completed posthumously in 2001 by his student Gerhard Besier, now Director of the Hannah Arendt Institute for Research into Totalitarianism in Dresden.
Political activities
Influenced by Karl Georg Pfleiderer, Scholder joined the FDP/DVP. He was a major contributor to the cultural and religious points of view in the FDP's "Berlin Agenda" of 1957. In the late 1960s he was chairman of the FDP/DVP Tübin
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew%20M.%20Gleason
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Andrew Mattei Gleason (November 4, 1921October 17, 2008) was an American mathematician who made fundamental contributions to widely varied areas of mathematics, including the solution of Hilbert's fifth problem, and was a leader in reform and innovation in teaching at all levels.<ref
name="mactutor"></ref> Gleason's theorem in quantum logic and the Greenwood–Gleason graph, an important example in Ramsey theory, are named for him.
As a young World War II naval officer, Gleason broke German and Japanese military codes. After the war he spent his entire academic career at Harvard University, from which he retired in 1992. His numerous academic and scholarly leadership posts included chairmanship of the Harvard Mathematics Department and the Harvard Society of Fellows, and presidency of the American Mathematical Society. He continued to advise the United States government on cryptographic security, and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts on education for children, almost until the end of his life.
Gleason won the Newcomb Cleveland Prize in 1952 and the Gung–Hu Distinguished Service Award of the American Mathematical Society in 1996. He was a member of the National Academy of Sciences and of the American Philosophical Society, and held the Hollis Chair of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy at Harvard.
He was fond of saying that proofs "really aren't there to convince you that something is truethey're there to show you why it is true." The Notices of the American Mathematical S
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siltronic
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Siltronic AG is a manufacturer of wafers made of hyperpure silicon, the basis for modern micro- and nanotechnology. The Munich-based company is one of the world's leading manufacturers of wafers for the semiconductor industry.
History
The company was founded in 1968 as Wacker-Chemitronic Gesellschaft für Elektronik-Grundstoffe mbH ("Wacker-Chemitronic") in Burghausen and changed its name to Wacker Siltronic GmbH in 1994. The company was renamed as a stock corporation (Wacker Siltronic AG) in 1996. In 2004, the company changed its name to Siltronic AG.
The company manufactures silicon wafers with diameters of up to 300 mm at its two German production sites in Burghausen and Freiberg, as well as at sites in Asia and the USA. The company is a member of the Silicon Saxony association/industry association.
In 2020, it was announced that Siltronic would be sold to Taiwanese manufacturer GlobalWafers, a subsidiary of Sino-American Silicon Products (SAS), for a good 3.7 billion euros. The offer was increased to around 4.4 billion euros in 2021. According to the two companies, the merger would create a leading supplier to the wafer industry with a comprehensive product portfolio and the ability to offer technologically advanced products to all semiconductor customers. Siltronic AG is in advanced discussions, nearing completion, regarding a takeover offer from GlobalWafers. But the deal did not receive regulatory approval on time. GlobalWafers already acquired SunEdison's semiconduc
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overpotential
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In electrochemistry, overpotential is the potential difference (voltage) between a half-reaction's thermodynamically-determined reduction potential and the potential at which the redox event is experimentally observed. The term is directly related to a cell's voltage efficiency. In an electrolytic cell the existence of overpotential implies that the cell requires more energy than thermodynamically expected to drive a reaction. In a galvanic cell the existence of overpotential means less energy is recovered than thermodynamics predicts. In each case the extra/missing energy is lost as heat. The quantity of overpotential is specific to each cell design and varies across cells and operational conditions, even for the same reaction. Overpotential is experimentally determined by measuring the potential at which a given current density (typically small) is achieved.
Thermodynamics
The four possible polarities of overpotentials are listed below.
An electrolytic cell's anode is more positive, using more energy than thermodynamics require.
An electrolytic cell's cathode is more negative, using more energy than thermodynamics require.
A galvanic cell's anode is less negative, supplying less energy than thermodynamically possible.
A galvanic cell's cathode is less positive, supplying less energy than thermodynamically possible.
The overpotential increases with growing current density (or rate), as described by the Tafel equation. An electrochemical reaction is a combination of
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noah%20Rosenberg
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Noah Aubrey Rosenberg is a geneticist working in evolutionary biology, human genetics, and population genetics, now Professor at Stanford University. His research is concerned with quantifiable changes in the human genome over time, and he is famous for his studies of human genetic clustering. He is the editor-in-chief of Theoretical Population Biology.
Education
Rosenberg graduated from the Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy in 1993 and earned his BA in mathematics from Rice University in 1997, his MS in mathematics from Stanford University in 1999, and his PhD in biology from Stanford University in 2001.
Career and research
Rosenberg completed postdoctoral research in Computational Biology from University of Southern California (2001–2005).
References
External links
The Noah Sheets A compilation of essential trigonometry theorems, formulas, and values
Evolutionary biologists
Population geneticists
Living people
Rice University alumni
Stanford University alumni
University of Southern California fellows
University of Michigan faculty
Stanford University School of Medicine faculty
Year of birth missing (living people)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oren%20Patashnik
|
Oren Patashnik (born 1954) is an American computer scientist. He is notable for co-creating BibTeX, and co-writing Concrete Mathematics: A Foundation for Computer Science. He is a researcher at the Center for Communications Research, La Jolla, and lives nearby in San Diego. Oren and his wife Amy have three children, Josh, Ariel, and Jeremy.
History
Oren Patashnik graduated from Yale University in 1976, and later became a doctoral student in computer science at Stanford University, where his research was supervised by Donald Knuth.
While working at Bell Labs in 1980, Patashnik proved that Qubic can always be won by the first player. Using 1500 hours of computer time, Patashnik's proof is a notable example of a computer-assisted proof.
In 1985, Patashnik created the bibliography-system, BibTeX, in collaboration with Leslie Lamport, the creator of LaTeX. LaTeX is a system and programming language for formatting documents, which is especially designed for mathematical documents. BibTeX is a widely used bibliography-formatting tool for LaTeX.
In 1988, Patashnik assisted Ronald Graham and Donald Knuth in writing Concrete Mathematics: A Foundation for Computer Science, an important mathematical publication and college textbook.
In 1990, he got his doctorate in computer science. His thesis paper was about "Optimal Circuit Segmentation for Pseudo-Exhaustive Testing" .
After the 2003 Cedar Fire destroyed 60% of the houses in his immediate neighborhood, his statistical study
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific%20American%20Mind
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Scientific American Mind was a bimonthly American popular science magazine concentrating on psychology, neuroscience, and related fields. By analyzing and revealing new thinking in the cognitive sciences, the magazine tries to focus on the biggest breakthroughs in these fields. Scientific American Mind is published by Nature Publishing Group which also publishes Scientific American and was established in 2004. The magazine has its headquarters in New York City.
The May/June 2017 issue was the last issue published in print; subsequent issues are available through digital platforms.
References
External links
Bimonthly magazines published in the United States
Online magazines published in the United States
Science and technology magazines published in the United States
Defunct magazines published in the United States
Magazines established in 2004
Magazines disestablished in 2017
Magazines published in New York City
Nature Research academic journals
Online magazines with defunct print editions
Popular science magazines
Scientific American
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dave%20Lavery
|
Dave Lavery (born May 28, 1959) is an American scientist and roboticist who is the Program Executive for Solar System Exploration at NASA Headquarters. He also is a member of the FIRST Executive Advisory Board, and is well-known among participants of the FIRST Robotics Competition as a mentor of Team 116.
Early life and education
From an early age, Lavery was obsessed with space exploration. With his eyesight being too poor to become an astronaut, he set about to use machines as his proxy for exploring the solar system. He attended Virginia Tech, where he obtained a bachelor's degree in Computer Science.
Career
Lavery led NASA's Telerobotics Technology Development Program, responsible for the direction and oversight of robotics and planetary exploration within the organization. He and the program was responsible for the likes of the Mars Sojourner rover, which was the first rover he worked on, and the National Robotics Engineering Consortium.
Lavery currently works at the NASA Headquarters in Washington, D.C., as the program executive for solar system explorations. He oversees and is heavily involved with the Mars Exploration Rovers. Notably, he oversaw the mission of the Curiosity rover in 2012.
Lavery is also the project manager for NASAs' Robotics Alliance Project, a position he shared with fellow NASA scientist and FIRST Robotics participant Mark Leon.
FIRST Robotics
Lavery is very active within the FIRST Robotics Competition, and currently sits on the Executive Advi
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