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Frederick Gugenheim Gregory (22 December 1893 – 27 November 1961) was a British botanist, plant physiologist and winner of the Royal Medal.
Education and early life
Gregory was born Fritz Gugenheim in London, but changed his name as a result of the anti-German sentiment during the First World War, which culminated in the destruction of his laboratory notebooks by colleagues at the Cheshunt Experimental Station. He first studied at Dame Alice Owen's School, where he was persuaded by the school science master, G. A. Armitage that he should go into science, despite his artistic skills. He left the school at the top of his class with a number of prizes and passed the intermediate exam for the University of London in mathematics, physics, chemistry and mechanics in 1912, gaining acceptance into Imperial College London.
Gregory intention when applying had been to study chemistry, but after attending a lecture by John Bretland Farmer he switched to botany, gaining his ARCS in 1914 and BSc in 1915, both with first class honours, and also won the Forbes prize. Having been exempted from service in World War I he gained his DIC in 1917, and followed this up with an MSc in 1920 and the DSc in 1921. By this point he had joined the Research Institute in Plant Physiology at the university, and began investigating the physiology of greenhouse crops at the Cheshunt Experimental Station. While there he noticed differences in how a plant grew at different times in the year but under a constant temperature, and attempted to express this in mathematical terms using very speculative evidence; the resulting arguments made him prominent within the field.
Career
After the completion of these studie, Gregory began working on the effects of electric current on plant growth under Vernon Blackman but remained interested in the study of growth, and began experimenting with that in 1919 at the Rothamsted Experimental Station, something he continued until 1937. By 1928 his work was visible and important enough that he was asked to advise the Empire Cotton Growing Corporation on their irrigation techniques in Sudan, setting up statistical studies so helpful that his final report was widely used in the development of agronomy within the country. When Blackman was appointed head of the biological laboratories at Imperial College Gregory was made assistant professor of plant physiology and assistant director of the research institute, resulting in him (for the first time in his career) having to give lectures at the university. Under Gregory the research institute became known for its work investigating vernalization, photoperiodism, transpiration and carbohydrate metabolism, with Gregory in high demand as an advisor both at the university and its various research institutes.
After Blackman's retirement in 1937 Gregory was made head of the laboratories, although work at the university was heavily disrupted by World War II. In 1947 Gregory was appointed head of the research institute as well, and focused on repairing damage from the war. This period saw increased appreciation of Gregory as a scientist; he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1940, serving on its council from 1949 to 1951 and was awarded the Royal Medal in 1957 'In recognition of his distinguished studies in plant physiology.' Around the same time he was also elected a foreign member of the Indian Society of Plant Physiologists and the United States National Academy of Sciences. He retired in December 1958, and died in Hampstead General Hospital, London on 27 November 1961.
References
1893 births
1961 deaths
People from Holloway, London
Fellows of the Royal Society
English botanists
Royal Medal winners
Plant physiologists
Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
People educated at Dame Alice Owen's School
Scientists from London
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick%20Gugenheim%20Gregory
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NMS Delfinul (The Dolphin) was a Romanian submarine that served in the Black Sea during the Second World War. It was the first submarine of the Romanian Navy, built in Italy under Romanian supervision.
Construction and specifications
Delfinul was ordered in 1927 from the Italian naval base and shipyard at Fiume (today Rijeka, Croatia). It was completed in 1931, but was accepted by Romania as the country's first submarine only in 1936, after the many corrections required by the Romanians were completed. She had a surfaced displacement of 650 tons, which grew to 900 tons when submerged. The boat measured in length, with a beam of and a draught of . Her power plant consisted of two Sulzer diesel engines and two electric motors powering two shafts, giving her a top speed of on the surface and submerged. Her crew amounted to 55. She was armed with eight torpedo tubes (4 bow and 4 stern), one deck gun and one twin machine gun. One more boat of this class was planned, but not laid down.
Role in World War II
Delfinul played an essential role in the Black Sea war against the Soviet Union in World War II. Its home base was the Constanța Naval Base, from where the submarine completed nine wartime patrols. When Romania entered the war (22 June 1941), the navy had only one submarine, but that presence meant that the Soviet Black Sea Fleet had to secure an anti-submarine service for its convoys and near its naval bases. As a fleet in being, Delfinul had only to exist rather than taking part in the battles. It was kept under shelter in Constanța and rarely got out to do a reconnaissance mission. That changed when two modern submarines were built at the Galați shipyard in Eastern Romania – ("Shark") and ("Porpoise").
Patrol 1
Căpitan (USN rank - lieutenant) Constantin Costăchescu commanded Delfinul on its first war patrol from 22 – 27 June 1941.. A simple reconnaissance mission from shore. On 26 June at 00:30, Costăchescu reported back to Constanța that a large Soviet war group was approaching Constanța. Because they lost their element of surprise, the Soviets lost a destroyer (Moskva) and the lead ship Kharkov and the cruiser Voroshilov were damaged in the following battle.
Patrol 2
The next patrol took place from 10 to 20 July, under the command of Căpitan (USN rank - Lieutenant) Corneliu Lungu. Delfinul patrolled the south of the Crimean peninsula and made a reconnaissance mission to Novorossiysk, trying to evaluate the anti-aircraft and anti-submarine capabilities of the enemy naval base. On 13 July, it was southwest of Cape Idokopas, and on 15 July, it reached the south of Feodosiya. In that area, they spotted an enemy ship, but it vanished shortly after. During the night, it was detected by an enemy patrol craft, but Delfinul quickly submerged and avoided being attacked. On 16 July, the gyrocompass broke down and the submarine began its journey home. from Cape Sabla, Delfinul spotted a small Russian submarine on the surface, probably from the Malyutka class. Delfinul tried to attack it with the deck gun, but the rough seas and two unidentified hydroplanes led the commanding officer to decide to dive the submarine and break contact.
On 30 July, Delfinul was scheduled to start another patrol at 16:00 (4:00 pm), but an engine malfunction forced the submarine to return to port at 19:00 (7:00 pm).
Patrol 3
On the third patrol (12–20 August 1941,) Delfinul returned under the command of Căpitan Costăchescu. Its mission was to attack the convoys leaving or arriving at Odessa. They only had two poor chances to attack anything, on the night of 13–14 August and 19 August, but they could not maintain contact. The sector was abundant in enemy patrol craft and hydroplanes. The submarine also made a reconnaissance mission on the coast of Crimea.
On 20 August, on the way home (four miles off Constanţa), she fought the only submarine vs submarine engagement of the Black Sea naval war. At 12:08 pm, the Soviet M-class submarine M-33 launched a torpedo at her, which missed. Delfinul swiftly counterattacked with her twin 13mm machine gun, causing the Soviet submarine to submerge and retreat.
Patrol 4
The 4th patrol (3–19 September) took Delfinul deeper in enemy-controlled waters. This time, the chance to attack surface vessels really presented itself. After spotting two convoys which Delfinul couldn't follow, on the 9 September, at 9:35, it was detected on the surface by a cruiser, which Căpitan (USN rank - Lieutenant) Corneliu Lungu identified as the . The submarine carefully maneuvered because of the underwater rocks. In the following days, the submarine had some chances of attack but the rough seas made it impossible. On 10 September, the submarine got into firing range of a two-ship convoy west of Cape Otrishenok, but the charge of an escort vessel forced Căpitan Lungu to submerge and lose contact. Another chance presented itself on 16 September at 5:05 west of Novorosiisk, in the form of a Russian tanker and its escort. But the escort spotted the periscope. When they raised the periscope again, the CO saw that the escort called for help so he submerged and left the area, following the directive to take no chances with the escorts. On 17 September, it took a course for Constanța, and, on the way back, it was spotted by several Russian hydroplanes and even depth charged by a patrol craft.
Patrol 5
The fifth patrol took place between 2 and 7 November 1941, and it is the patrol when the only attack of Delfinul took place. Its mission was to attack the convoys destined for Sevastopol. Its CO was Constantin Costăchescu. Near Constanţa they spotted an enemy submarine, but because of the darkness, they lost it. On the morning of 5 November, the submarine reached the neighboring waters of Yalta. At 6:36, they spotted a patrol vessel and kept watch. Around 8:05, sub-lieutenant Constantin Stegaru spotted a large transport vessel on a course of 290, steaming for Yalta. At 8:15, the ship turned to the left, closing on the submarine. The CO decided to wait for the ship to pass behind him and shot from an aft tube. At 8:43, Delfinul launched a torpedo from tube 6, from away. The torpedo explosion, followed by a bigger one, could be heard, moments after the launch. It is possible that the ship was not escorted because the first contact with a submarine hunter ship came an hour after the attack. The depth charging lasted from 10:30 until 18:30 (6:30 pm). There were 23 passes and 80 to 90 explosions from depth charges. During the attack, Căpitan (USN rank - Lieutenant) Constantin Costăchescu dove the submarine deeper and deeper, and when the enemy was listening, he would stop the submarine's machinery. Afterwards, they went near the Turkish coast, but a dreadful storm made the trip home a difficult venture. Căpitan (USN rank - Lieutenant) Constantin Costăchescu was later awarded the Order of Michael the Brave 3rd Class for the attack. The alleged sunken Soviet ship was claimed to be the 1,975-ton cargo Uralets (also known as Uralles). However, according to modern evaluations, the ship was sunk by the Luftwaffe on 30 October, during an air raid on Yevpatoria, and the torpedo attack missed the minelayer Ostrovsky The latter claim, however, is highly unlikely, as the crew of Delfinul reported to have heard an explosion seconds after launching the torpedo. The struck ship was most likely the Soviet tanker Kreml, which was damaged.
Patrol 6
The mission of the sixth patrol was to cut the Russian communication routes between Batumi and Istanbul. Delfinul left port on the 30 November, but because of bad weather, it was forced to return to base on the 3 December 1941.
Patrol 7
The seventh patrol (6–13 December) took Delfinul back to the Batumi-Istanbul line. It didn't detect any enemy convoys. On its way back, it detected two Russian submarines near Constanța.
Patrol 8
The first patrol of 1942 (18–30 May) found Delfinul under the command of Locotenent Commander (USN rank - Lieutenant Commander) Constantin Lungu, who had been promoted. It patrolled the north side of the Turkish coast without detecting anything. It was attacked by two Russian planes on the 27 May without sustaining any damage.
Patrol 9
The last patrol of Delfinul (25 June – 3 July 1942) was carried out near Yalta. On 27 June, they arrived in the operation theatre but were forced to stay submerged because of enemy aircraft. Between 4:26 and 15:30 (3:30 pm) Delfinul was the target of 240 anti-submarine bombs. A fuel tank cracked. After 16:00 (4:00 pm), an enemy patrol craft appeared, and Căpitan (USN rank - Lieutenant) Costăchescu ordered a complete stop on the electric motors. The next day, the submarine was spotted on the surface by an enemy aircraft at 16:12 (4:12 pm). Some bullets damaged its conning tower. On 1 July, the last day of the Sevastopol evacuation, the Russian flotilla was very active in the Crimean zone, so Delfinul was spotted and hunted for 13 hours. Between 7:35 and 10:30, there were counted 107 depth charges. Around 13:00 (1:00 pm), there was an attack with 20 bombs, and at 15:40 (3:40 pm) another 24. In the evening, between 19:30 (7:30 pm) and 20:00 (8:00 pm), 82 depth charges and bombs exploded near the submarine and 35 away from it. In total 268 explosions, mainly air dropped anti-submarine bombs and a few depth charges. After the patrol ended, the submarine was sent for a total refit at the Galați shipyard, arriving there on 24 November.
The end
After the 23 August 1944 coup, the submarine was confiscated by Soviet forces and commissioned as TS-3 on 20 October 1944. After a short career in the Soviet Navy, it was decommissioned on 12 October 1945. The submarine was eventually returned to Romania in 1951 and stricken in 1957.
The legacy
The name Delfinul was passed to the only Romanian Navy submarine still in service today. It was bought from the Russians in the 1980s and is an improved diesel-electric attack . The new is still waiting for its new battery packs since the early 1990s.
Audaces Fortuna Juvat
Delfinul is the most successful Romanian submarine of all time. The Romanian Submarine Service had its motto as the Latin expression: Audaces Fortuna Juvat, which means "Fortune favors the bold" (rom.-"Norocul îi ajutǎ pe cei îndrǎzneți").
References
Bibliography
External links
Foreign submarines of the Soviet Navy
World War II submarines of Romania
World War II submarines of the Soviet Union
Captured ships
Ships built in Fiume
1936 ships
Italy–Romania relations
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NMS%20Delfinul
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Jalan Palong 16-Tembangau, Federal Route 1579, is a federal road in Pahang and Negeri Sembilan state, Malaysia.
At most sections, the Federal Route 1579 was built under the JKR R5 road standard, with a speed limit of 90 km/h.
List of junctions
Malaysian Federal Roads
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jalan%20Palong%2016-Tembangau
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Arthur's Knights II: The Secret of Merlin () is a 2001 adventure video game, developed by Cryo Interactive and published by Wanadoo Edition. Arthur's Knights II: The Secret of Merlin follows 2000's Arthur's Knights: Tales of Chivalry. The player takes the role of a knight of King Arthur.
Reception
References
External links
Arthur's Knights II: The Secret of Merlin at Microïds
Arthur's Knights II: The Secret of Merlin at GameFAQs
2002 video games
Adventure games
Cryo Interactive games
Fantasy video games set in the Middle Ages
North America-exclusive video games
Role-playing video games
Video games based on Arthurian legend
Video games based on Celtic mythology
Video games developed in France
Windows-only games
Windows games
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur%27s%20Knights%20II%3A%20The%20Secret%20of%20Merlin
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Castel Cellesi is a tiny Italian village located in the area of Tuscia at the meeting point of Northern Lazio, Umbria and Tuscany. It is a frazione of Bagnoregio, in the Province of Viterbo.
Overview
Castel Cellesi was originally an enclosed square structure composed of small farm houses which surrounded a larger open space accessible through two main gates known as the “Upper Gate” and the “Lower Gate.” The Church and the Palace of Count Girolamo Cellesi were in the center of the village.
Gradually more farmers joined the first settlers and the village spread out of its lower gate. Another large square was then added on, rectangular in shape, encircled by small houses which all looked alike in color, shape and size. Count Cellesi had decreed that no building could be erected higher than the second floor of his own palace.
In the older of the two squares, one finds the Parish Church dedicated to Saint Girolamo. Its construction was commissioned by Count Girolamo Cellesi in 1664 and his monumental tomb is on the right hand wall entering the church. The building was restored and decorated with large frescoes in the late 19th century.
The interior of the church has only one nave, covered with a wood beam roof and three steps lead to the altar where the statue of St. Girolamo is located. A large wooden statue of the Virgin Mary in the Assumption into Heaven, highly venerated in Castelcellesi, is located on the left of the altar.
The most important monument of the village is the small church named after the Holy Sepulchre, founded by Count Girolamo Cellesi around 1674. It originates as a very modest chapel dedicated to the Madonna del Soccorso. Later, in 1703, another Count Cellesi, Francesco, had requested some Holy Relics from the Great Custodian of the Holy Land and started reconstruction of the chapel, enlarging it to twice its original size.
During the renovation, a large rock slab was found in the center of the new church site. Since it was not possible to remove it, they decided to erect a Shrine around it shaped like the Holy Sepulchre in the Holy Land. The Holy Relics arrived at Castel Cellesi at the end of February 1704 and were placed in the Shrine. The Church of the Holy Sepulchre was officially consecrated by the Bishop on March 7, 1704.
A Brotherhood was founded to take care of the Holy Sepulchre and of the Church. For almost two centuries, until the end of the 19th century, the Holy Sepulchre of Castelcellesi was the destination of countless pilgrims coming from all over the Tiber valley. Even today it is one of the most important sites on the itinerary “Shrines of the Holy Sepulchre in Europe.”
Frazioni of the Province of Viterbo
Former municipalities of Lazio
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castel%20Cellesi
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Atlanta High School may refer to:
Atlanta High School (Louisiana), Atlanta, Louisiana
Atlanta High School (Missouri), Atlanta, Missouri
Atlanta High School (Texas), Atlanta, Texas
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlanta%20High%20School
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Kandahar is a city in Afghanistan.
Kandahar may also refer to:
Places
Afghanistan
Kandahar
Kandahar District
Kandahar Province
Principality of Qandahar
Old Kandahar
Kandahar International Airport, in Kandahar, Afghanistan
Kandahar University, in Kandahar, Afghanistan
Azerbaijan
Cəndəhar (also Çəndahar and Chandakhar)
Çandahar (also Çandaxar, Chandakhar, and Ğəndahar)
Canada
Kandahar, Saskatchewan
India
Kandhar, city in Nanded, Maharashtra
Kandhar taluka, sub-district of Maharashtra
Kandhar Fort, fort in the city
Iran
Kaneh Har, Kermanshah Province
Kandeh-ye Har, Kermanshah Province
Films
Kandahar (2001 film), an Iranian film
Kandagar (2010 film), a Russian film based on the 1995 Airstan incident
Kandahar (2010 film), a Malayalam-language Indian war film
Kandahar (2023 film), an American action thriller film
Sport
Kandahar (ski course), classic ski World Cup downhill
Arlberg-Kandahar, annual alpine skiing event
Other uses
HMS Kandahar (F28), a Royal Navy destroyer 1939–41
Kandahar, a meteorite fall in 1959
Kandahar, a ski run in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
Kandahar, a ski run in Les Houches, France
Adnan Kandhar or Khandhar (born 1986), Pakistani music video director
See also
Kandahari (disambiguation)
Gandahar (disambiguation)
Gāndhārī (disambiguation)
Alexandria (disambiguation)
Alessandria (disambiguation)
Arlberg-Kandahar alpine skiing event
Kandahar Five, a group of men held prisoner in Kandahar
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kandahar%20%28disambiguation%29
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vRPM, or virtual Revolutions Per Minute, was a term for a synthetic measurement of performance introduced by SanDisk for solid state drive (SSD) storage devices inside client PCs. vRPM was created to give users a metric to compare SSD performance to the hard disk drive (HDD) and to other SSDs. The term is no longer used.
vRPM answers the question: "How fast would you have to spin a virtual HDD to achieve the performance of an SSD in a client PC?" It uses a language that users understand, RPM (revolutions per minute), that is a de facto industry standard to measure the performance of the HDD inside PCs.
Comparing SSD vs. HDD input/output operation
The performance of a storage device can be quantified as the number of Input/Output operations Per Second (IOPS) it achieves. HDD IOPS is proportional to RPM. When a system requests to read/write data randomly from/to a HDD, seek time and rotational latency are two HDD activities that significantly reduce HDD IOPS. Seek time is the time it takes to move the HDD head to the correct cylinder to begin to receive data. Rotational latency is the time it takes to rotate the HDD platter beneath the head so that the data can be read/written. Rotational latency varies based on the RPM of the HDD.
NAND flash is used as the non-volatile memory inside SSDs. It has faster random read than random write performance, since its write performance is delayed by the need to perform garbage collection to free space for writing. However, since NAND flash has no moving parts, the SSD achieves much higher IOPS than a HDD.
For the client PC usage model with approximately a 50:50 read/write ratio, a PC IOPS number can be calculated as follows:
Using this equation, the results for client SSD PC performance are as follows:
2006–2007 SSD generation: 5,000 Read IOPS; 10 Write IOPS; 20 PC IOPS
2008 SSD generation: 10,000 Read IOPS; 100 Write IOPS; 200 PC IOPS
2009 (estimated) SSD generation: 25,000 Read IOPS; 400 Write IOPS; 785 PC IOPS
Converting SSD IOPS rates into vRPM
The vRPM performance of an SSD can be calculated as follows:
where:
SSD IOPS (IWrite) is the sustained (to the SSD media) 4KB random write rate, Queue Depth=4
SSD IOPS (IRead) is the sustained (to the SSD media) 4KB random read rate, Queue Depth=4
50 is the product factor in the calculation
Using this calculation, SSD vRPM rates can be shown to be significantly better than HDD RPM rates, particularly in later generation SSDs:
2006–2007 SSD generation: 5,000 Read IOPS; 10 Write IOPS; 20 PC IOPS; 1,000 vRPM
2008 SSD generation: 10,000 Read IOPS; 100 Write IOPS; 200 PC IOPS; 10,000 vRPM
2009 (estimated) SSD generation: 25,000 Read IOPS; 400 Write IOPS; 785 PC IOPS; 40,000 vRPM
2011 SSD generation: 35,000 Read IOPS; 14,000 Write IOPS; 24,500 PC IOPS; 1,225,000 vRPM
vRPM adoption in industry
Despite its early objectives, vRPM has not become broadly supported in the industry and no longer appears on SanDisk's SSD website.
See also
Solid-state drive
Hard disk drive
Input/Output
Notes
References
External links
vRPM White Note by SanDisk
Computer storage devices
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VRPM
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Fluorenol, also known as hydrafinil, is an alcohol derivative of fluorene. In the most significant isomer, fluoren-9-ol or 9-hydroxyfluorene, the hydroxy group is located on the bridging carbon between the two benzene rings. Hydroxyfluorene can be converted to fluorenone by oxidation. It is a white-cream colored solid at room temperature.
Toxicity
Fluorenol is toxic to aquatic organisms including algae, bacteria, and crustaceans. Fluorenol was patented as an insecticide in 1939, and is an algaecide against the green algae Dunaliella bioculata.
Its toxicity and carcinogenicity in humans are unknown.
Mechanism of action
The mechanism of action of fluorenol is unknown.
The lipophilicity of fluorenol (LogP 2.4) is higher than that of drugs like modafinil (LogP 1.7) and amphetamine (LogP 1.8), suggesting that it may penetrate the blood brain barrier more readily.
Eugeroic
A study published by Cephalon describing research to develop a successor to the eugeroic modafinil reported that the corresponding fluorenol derivative was 39% more effective than modafinil at keeping mice awake over a 4-hour period. However, after further investigation it was determined that the eugeroic activity of the fluorenol analog was likely due to an active metabolite, which they identify as fluorenol itself. Fluorenol is a weak dopamine reuptake inhibitor with an IC50 of 9 μM, notably 59% weaker than modafinil (IC50 = 3.70 μM), potentially making it even less liable for addiction. It also showed no affinity for cytochrome P450 2C19, unlike modafinil.
There is no evidence (binding assays, occupancy, predicted structure) to suggest that fluorenol acts as a 5-HT6 antagonist, contrary to some popular claims.
Sale as research chemical
The unscheduled nature of fluorenol has caused it to fall into a legal grey area in most countries. Despite being associated with modafinil, fluorenol does not bear any chemical resemblance to it, making its scheduling unimplied by analogue acts.
Fluorenol is a relatively obscure compound in the research chemical market. According to an online survey with over 3000 respondents, only 2% of modafinil users have reported using fluorenol.
See also
Adrafinil
Armodafinil
CRL-40,940
CRL-40,941
Fluorenone
References
Designer drugs
Fluorenes
Secondary alcohols
Dopamine reuptake inhibitors
Biocides
Algaecides
Insecticides
Drugs with unknown mechanisms of action
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorenol
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Canton is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Bruce Dal Canton, American baseball player
Frank M. Canton, American gunslinger (not his real name)
Gloria Begué Cantón (1931–2016), Spanish professor, jurist, senator and magistrate
Isaac Berechiah Canton (), Italian Talmudist
Joanna Canton, American actress
John Canton, English physicist
Mark Canton, American film executive and producer
Neil Canton, American film producer
William Canton, British writer
Yediel Canton, Spanish figure skater
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canton%20%28surname%29
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Chiropractic Economics is an American magazine published 20 times a year in Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida. The magazine provides news and information for practicing chiropractors, with a focus on office management, patient relations, personal development, financial planning, legal, clinical and research data, and wellness/nutrition.
Overview
The first issue of Chiropractic Economics was published in 1954 as the Digest of Chiropractic Economics by William L. Luckey and Helen C. Luckey.
The magazine conducts two surveys on a yearly basis; the Annual Salary and Expense Survey and the Annual Fees and Reimbursements Survey have been used by the United States Department of Labor to compile wage statistics.
Chiropractic Economics started a website in 1996, billing itself as the "Online Chiropractic Community". The site now features chiropractic news, videos, blogs, book reviews, a job board, and current and past magazine content.
According to the 2015 BPA Worldwide audit of Chiropractic Economics subscriber list, total qualified circulation is 29,174 subscriptions.
References
External links
1954 establishments in Florida
Business magazines published in the United States
Chiropractic
English-language magazines
Magazines established in 1954
Magazines published in Florida
Professional and trade magazines
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiropractic%20Economics
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is a former Japanese football player.
Playing career
Takagi was born in Edogawa, Tokyo on May 20, 1979. After dropped out from Kokushikan University, he joined J1 League club Verdy Kawasaki (later Tokyo Verdy) in 2000. Although he could not play at all in the match behind Kenji Honnami and Shinkichi Kikuchi until 2001, he battles with Daijiro Takakuwa for the goalkeeper position in 2002, he became a regular goalkeeper in summer 2002. The club won the champions 2004 Emperor's Cup. However the club was relegated to J2 League from 2006. The club won the 2nd place in 2007 and was promoted to J1 from 2008. However the club gained Yoichi Doi in 2008. Although Takagi played many matches as regular goalkeeper for a long time, he could hardly play in the match behind Doi from 2008. In 2009, he moved to J1 club Nagoya Grampus. However he could hardly play in the match behind Seigo Narazaki. In 2016, he moved to J2 club FC Gifu. He played many matches as regular goalkeeper in 2016. However he could not play at all in the match behind new member Víctor in 2017 and retired end of 2017 season.
Club statistics
Updated to 1 January 2018.
References
External links
1979 births
Living people
Kokushikan University alumni
Association football people from Tokyo
Japanese men's footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
Tokyo Verdy players
Nagoya Grampus players
FC Gifu players
Men's association football goalkeepers
People from Edogawa, Tokyo
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoshinari%20Takagi
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Dodson High School may refer to:
Dodson High School (Louisiana) in Dodson, Louisiana
Dodson High School (Montana) in Dodson, Montana
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dodson%20High%20School
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The Mureș Floodplain Natural Park, set aside by the Romanian government in 2005, is located in western Romania outside the city of Arad. The park covers 17,455 ha and follows the river Mureș westward from the city of Arad to the Hungarian border. The park is a typical ecosystem for wetlands, with running waters, lakes, swamps and floodplains, with forests, an important place for the passage and nesting of bird species and is subjected to periodical floods (a flood every three years). The forests (7,500 ha) in the park are made up primarily of common oak, narrow-leafed ash, black and white poplar, white willow, and American black walnut. This area is an important place for nesting and passage for nearly 200 species of birds, most of which are strictly protected internationally.
The main purpose of the Mureș Floodplain Natural Park is to protect and preserve the habitats and landscape diversity from the region. The park has been designated a Ramsar site, and under Natura 2000, the park was designated a SPA (Special Protection Area) for birds, and a SAC (Special Area of Conservation) for other species and habitats. Within the park, there are 4 strictly protected natural reserves: The Cenad Forest (310.5 ha), Big Isle of Cenad (2.1 ha), Igriș Islands (7 ha), and Prundul Mare (717.9 ha).
The park is a sister park with the Körös-Maros National Park, in Hungary. The two parks border each other and have created a cross-border protected area with a future common management plan.
Biology
The Mureș Floodplain Natural Park has an ecosystem that is typical for wetlands, with running and still waters, large forests and periodic floods (every several years).
Flora
The vegetation in the park grows in a continental climate, with warm summers and moderate winters. The annual average temperature is 10.5 degrees Celsius and the average annual rainfall is 550 mm. Many plants within the park need the periodic flooding in order to germinate and to consume the nutrients freshly dissolved in the water.
A large number of plants in the park are on "the red list of superior plants in Romania", meaning they are vulnerable or rare species. Some of these include: yarrow (Achillea thracica), water soldier (Stratiotes aloides), common corncockle (Agrostemma githago), Cirsium brachycephalum, prostrate false pimpernel (Lindernia procumbens), brittle waternymph (Najas minor), hog's fennel (Peucedanum officinale), lesser butterfly-orchid (Platanthera bifolia), Scottish dock (Rumex aquaticus), French vetch (Vicia narbonensis L. ssp. serratifolia).
Besides this, there are also three species which are strictly protected according to the Bern Convention: European waterclover (Marsilea quadrifolia), floating watermoss (Salvinia natans), water caltrop (Trapa natans).
Stands of oak (Quercus robur) and ash (Fraxinus angustifolia) are predominant in the park, together with the coppices of black and white poplar (Populus nigra and Populus alba) and white willow (Salix alba). These species are mostly found in the small forest in the Cenad area and in the 6,000-ha forest along the Mureș River between Arad and the village of Semlac (which includes the Ceala Forest).
Fauna
The fauna in the park encompasses a multitude of species, from large mammals to species living on the river bottom.
There are large populations of mammal species living within the park. Among these are: European hamster (Cricetus cricetus), European polecat (Mustela putorius), brown long-eared bat (Plecotus auritus), otter (Lutra lutra), European wildcat (Felis silvestris), red fox (Vulpes vulpes), red deer (Cervus elaphus), wild boar (Sus scrofa), fallow deer (Dama dama) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus).
In 1988, the area which is now the Mureș Floodplain Natural Park was designated as an Important Bird Area because of the existence of numerous bird species. Nearly all the birds living in The Mures Floodplain Natural Park are included in the annexes of the Bern Convention and the EU's Habitats Directive. Among them is the lesser spotted eagle (Aquila pomarina), whose numbers within the park are low, but which was chosen as symbol of the natural park.
Approximately 200 species of birds live or pass through the park every year. Among these are: great cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo), black-crowned night-heron (Nycticorax nycticorax), grey heron (Ardea cinerea), mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), black-headed gull (Larus ridibundus), Eurasian coot (Fulica atra), little bittern (Ixobrychus minutus), little grebe (Tachybaptus ruficollis), water rail (Rallus aquaticus), European bee-eater (Merops apiaster).
There is also a very large number of sand martins (Riparia riparia). Nearly half of the entire population of sand martins on the Mureș River can be found within the Mureș Floodplain Natural Park.
All six of the species of reptiles and nine species of amphibians identified within the park are mentioned in the annexes of the Bern Convention and the EU's Habitats Directive. Their inclusion in these lists is due to the regress of these species, which are considered barometers for the state of an ecosystem's health. Among these are: European pond terrapin (Emys orbicularis), dice snake (Natrix tessellata), European fire-bellied toad (Bombina bombina), and the great crested newt (Triturus cristatus).
For the fish species in the park, the periodic flooding of the Mureș River is a blessing; this process provides new spawning grounds, as well as generating new food and protection. The ichthyofauna in the park has a rich diversity and contains more fish species than any other section of the Mureș River. It is only in this section of the Mureș River that some species exist: white-eye bream (Abramis sapa), zarte (Vimba vimba), crucian carp (Carassius carassius), brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus), striped ruffe (Gymnocephalus schraetser), zingel (Zingel zingel).
Recreation/tourism
Because of the proximity of the park to so many municipalities, the area that is now the Mureș Floodplain Natural Park has been used for recreation for centuries. Throughout time, local citizens have depended on this area for both recreation and to sustain their lives. The creation of the park in 2005, insures this will continue in the future, but with oversight and regulations. The most visited areas of the park are the Ceala Forest (due to its proximity to the city of Arad) and the Bezdin area (widely known as the most natural section of the park).
The Ceala Forest Visitor's Center
Between 2001 and 2005, the Mureș Floodplain Natural Park implemented, at what was then the largest Phare grant in Romania (co-financed for 2.6 million Euros). Among other infrastructure projects, this grant built the park's current visitor's center.
In May 2007, the Ceala Forest Visitor's Center, just outside the city of Arad, had its grand opening. The building houses a 34-bed hotel, a conference room that seats up to 70 people, a kitchen and dining area, a laboratory, and the park's administrative offices.
Eco-tourism
The park's eco-tourism program has two components: a guided/unguided canoe trip on the Mures River from the city of Arad to the town of Pecica; and bicycle rentals to be used on the park's bicycle trail network. Both are extremely popular during the spring and summer months.
Cultural
There are three monasteries within the park boundaries. All three monasteries are owned and operated by their respective churches, but due to their proximity to the Mureș River and its important ecosystem, these lands fall under the supervision and protection of the Mureș Floodplain Natural Park.
On the northern side of the river is the Saint Paraschiva Monastery, which can be found just outside the village of Bodrogu Vechi. This is the newest monastery in the park and is accessed from the town of Pecica.
On the southern side of the river are other two monasteries. The Hodoș-Bodrog Monastery, dating from 1177, is one of the oldest monastic institutions in the Romanian Orthodox Church. The monastery is accessible from the village of Bodrogu Nou and is 17 km from the city of Arad. The monastery is active and has many monks living and working there.
The Bezdin Monastery, dating from 1539, is one of the few Serbian Orthodox monasteries in Romania which is still preserved. In comparison to the Hodoș-Bodrog Monastery, Bezdin is very isolated and is situated in what is considered the most natural part of the Mureș Floodplain Natural Park. The monastery is accessible from the commune of Munar and is 31 km from the city of Arad.
Bird watching and wildlife viewing
Because of the rich bird life within the park, the park administration constructed two structures in the Bezdin area. In 2004, the park erected a wildlife viewing tower in an area of the forest that is known to have wildlife viewing potential. In 2005, the park erected a bird watching tower near the Bezdin marsh. Both of these towers are accessible from the Bezdin Monastery and the commune of Munar.
Hunting and fishing
Hunting is allowed within the park during certain seasons and in specific areas. Fishing is also allowed, but only with a fishing license.
Environmental education
Because of the close proximity to a large city and the potentially large impact this causes the park, the park's environmental education program grew rapidly in the first three years in existence: 100 students (2006), 900 students (2007), and over 2,000 students (2008).
The park administration was trained by Outward Bound Romania on experiential education strategies in the summer of 2007. The park has the Romanian park system's first low ropes course and has received notoriety in Romanian national news and within the park system for its education efforts.
See also
Defileul Mureşului Superior Natural Park
Protected areas of Romania
Notes
References
Pîrv, Ovidiu (2004). "The Mures Floodplain Natural Park" (15).
External links
Official site
Romsilva website
Protected areas of Romania
Protected areas established in 2005
Ramsar sites in Romania
Floodplains of Europe
Forests of Romania
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mure%C8%99%20Floodplain%20Natural%20Park
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is a former Japanese football player.
Club career
Hiramoto was born in Hachioji on 18 August 1981. He joined the Verdy Kawasaki (later Tokyo Verdy) youth team in 1999. He became a regular player in 2002. However he lost an opportunity to play in 2007. In May 2007, he moved to Yokohama FC. He returned to Tokyo Verdy in 2008 and he played many matches. His opportunity to play decreased in 2011. He moved to FC Machida Zelvia in 2012 and Ventforet Kofu in 2013. He returned to Tokyo Verdy in 2014. Although he played many matches, he lost an opportunity to play in 2017 and retired at the end of the 2017 season.
National team career
In June 2001, Hiramoto was selected Japan U-20 national team for 2001 World Youth Championship. At this tournament, he played 1 match.
Club statistics
References
External links
1981 births
Living people
People from Hachiōji, Tokyo
Association football people from Tokyo
Japanese men's footballers
Japan men's youth international footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
Tokyo Verdy players
Yokohama FC players
FC Machida Zelvia players
Ventforet Kofu players
Men's association football forwards
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazuki%20Hiramoto
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humyo.com was a cloud storage service. Files stored in humyo could be shared with other users and published on web pages. The company owned a former Bank of England bullion vault in which it housed the servers used to store its users' data.
Company history
humyo.com was founded in 2007 by Dan Conlon (MD), Mark Beyer (CMO) and Peter Dubens (Chairman) and initially offered 30GB of storage space for free.
The company closed its beta in March 2008 with 100,000 users and by August 2008 had 215,000.
In October 2008, the company reduced the amount of storage space offered free of charge to new users to 10GB. (5GB for Pictures, Videos, and Music and 5GB for Other files)
On 11 June 2010 it was announced that the company was acquired by Japanese anti-virus company Trend Micro.
In September 2010 the service was re-branded to Trend Micro SafeSync. SafeSync reached End of Life on 31 January 2016 and Trend Micro announced end of service on 31 January 2017 because they “cannot feasibly adapt/update the service to meet the changing consumer needs, environment, and IT usage”. While the company accepted subscription payments to SafeSync way past the EOL/EOS, the company made available no compensation plans to consumer who prepaid long periods of subscriptions as of May 2016.
References
External links
Official site
File hosting
File sharing services
Cloud storage
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humyo
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Anthela ocellata, the eyespot anthelid, is a moth of the family Anthelidae. The species was first described by Francis Walker in 1855. It is found in Australia, from Bundaberg to Hobart along the east coast.
The wingspan is about 60 mm.
The larvae feed on various grasses.
References
External links
Moths described in 1855
Anthelidae
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthela%20ocellata
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West Kowloon station (abbreviated WEK), also known as Hong Kong West Kowloon, is the southern terminus of and the only station on the Hong Kong section of the Guangzhou–Shenzhen–Hong Kong Express Rail Link (XRL). The station connects to China's high-speed rail (HSR) network across the border through dedicated tunnels and includes a Mainland Port Area where the laws of (Mainland) China are enforced. It was constructed by the MTR Corporation Limited as the project manager commissioned by the Hong Kong Government, through subcontractors.
The station terminal is located in Jordan, Kowloon Peninsula, north of the West Kowloon Cultural District between the Airport Express and Tung Chung line's Kowloon station and the Tuen Ma line's Austin station. The footprint of the new station extends into the underground level of the West Kowloon Cultural District.
The station closed between 30 January 2020 and 15 January 2023 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Limited services resumed in 15 January 2023, with full services resumed in 1 April 2023.
Services
Train services
Before the pandemic, the West Kowloon station was served by both short-distance and long-haul train services. Short-distance services consisted of a frequent service to mainland Chinese cities in neighbouring Guangdong province, including Shenzhen, Dongguan, and Guangzhou, while long-distance services linked Hong Kong to at least 16 major destinations in mainland China. Upon the initial resumption of service in January 2023, the station will be served only by short-haul services to Guangzhou, Dongguan and Shenzhen. Short-haul trains are operated by both the MTRC (the Vibrant Express) and China Railway, whereas the long-haul trains were only operated by China Railway.
Both the MTRC and China Railway sell tickets for the other's trains. Ticket prices are set in Renminbi (RMB) which are used by China Railway's ticketing services. The MTRC use only Hong Kong Dollars (HKD) which fares are set monthly based on China Railway's RMB prices and current conversion rates with the RMB. Seat selection and remaining seat information are not available on MTRC's online ticketing platform.
For all trains terminating at Hong Kong West Kowloon Station, according to the regulations outlined in the "Cross-Boundary Passenger Transport Organization Rules for Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong High-Speed Rail," onboard make-up ticket sales to Hong Kong West Kowloon Station are not available. In the event that passengers travel beyond the mainland China-Hong Kong border towards West Kowloon Station without the appropriate ticket, staff at Hong Kong West Kowloon Station will treat them as traveling without a valid ticket. As a result, passengers will be subject to a substantial additional fee based on the "Hong Kong Railway By-Laws."
Although the Express Rail Link has a design capacity of 20 trains per hour in each direction, the capacity is not expected to be fully utilised for some years.
Short-haul services
29 trains per day to Futian
65 trains per day to Shenzhen North
26 trains per day to Guangzhou South via Shenzhen North and Humen
7 trains per day to Guangzhou East via Shenzhen North, Dongguan South and Dongguan
Long-haul services
1 train per day to Zhaoqing East
9 trains per day to Chaoshan
1 train per day to Shantou
3 trains per day to Xiamen
1 train per day to Fuzhou
2 trains per day to Guilin West
1 train per day to Nanning East
3 trains per day to Changsha South
1 train per day to Guiyang North
1 train per day to Guiyang East
1 train per day to Wuhan
1 train per day to Chongqing West
1 train per day to Kunming South
1 train per day to Shanghai Hongqiao
1 train per day to Tianjin West
1 train per day to Beijing West
Pre-pandemic services
Short-haul services
2 trains per hour to Futian
4 trains per hour to Shenzhen North
1 train per hour to Humen
2 trains per hour to Guangzhou South
Long-haul services
8 trains per day to Chaoshan
1 train per day to Shantou
1 train per day to Xiamen North
3 trains per day to Xiamen
1 train per day to Fuzhou
1 train per day to Zhaoqing East
1 train per day to Nanning East
2 trains per day to Guilin West
1 train per day to Guiyang North
1 train per day to Guiyang East
1 train per day to Kunming South
1 train per day to Chongqing West
1 train per day to Tianjin West
1 train per day to Beijing West
Ground transport
Related developments by the Hong Kong Government in West Kowloon, expect to improve the efficiency of road and pedestrian access routes, as well as to resolve a problematic traffic intersection in West Kowloon. These road developments hope to meet the transport needs of the entire area of the new development area of West Kowloon Cultural District and West Kowloon station after completion.
Transportation Study identified the following specific road improvement measures:
Build a connection from Austin Road West (near Canton Road) to Lin Cheung Road (Jordan Road north) via an underground carriageway, so that pedestrians will have unimpeded access and egress between West Kowloon Cultural District, West Kowloon station and Kowloon station
Conduct Austin Road and Canton Road junction improvement works, including considering the widening of the Canton Road carriageway and expansion of the existing underground pedestrian tunnel system
Other road improvement projects in West Kowloon will be directly connected to a newly developed area near the West Kowloon Highway, in order to reduce the load on the region's transport network
Structure
Construction of the West Kowloon station project was divided into two parts, XRL810A (northern part) and XRL810B (southern part) (XRL meaning eXpress Rail Link). The northern construction area was awarded to Leighton Contractors & Gammon Construction responsible for joint operations. The southern part of the project was awarded to a consortium of Laing O'Rourke, HCCG (Hsin Chong) & Paul Y jointly responsible for the construction.
As a cross-border station, the West Kowloon station has customs and immigration facilities for passengers to go through prior to boarding, removing the need for trains to stop at the Hong Kong-Mainland China border, reducing travel time.
Platforms
The station serves both 16-car long-haul trains and shorter 8-car short-haul regional trains. In its current initial stages, the station uses only 10 tracks (6 long-haul and 4 short-haul) with 14 platforms (6 long-haul and 4 short-haul) consisting of 5 island platforms and 4 side platforms. However, the station was designed with 15 tracks (9 long-haul and 6 short-haul) with 21 platforms (9 long-haul and 12 short-haul) using 9 island platforms and 3 side platforms for full operations.
The long-haul trains use longer platforms located on the eastern end of the station. This part of the station has 9 tracks with 4 island platforms and 1 side platform. However, as of 2022, it has only ever used 6 tracks with 2 side platforms and 2 island platforms (Platforms 4–9). Passengers here board and alight from the same platform. Each platform here has 4 lifts and 4 escalators (2 for arrivals and 2 for departures). This means an island platform has a total of 8 escalators and 8 lifts. The arrivals escalators and lifts connect to the Arrival concourse on B2 and the departures connecting from the Departure concourse on B3.
Short-haul trains (including MTRC's Vibrant Express) use shorter platforms which employ the Spanish solution arrangement, where platforms for boarding and alighting are separately located on opposing sides of the track. This reduces dwell times of trains in the station by reducing boarding and alighting times of passengers to allow for a higher frequency of service. Currently, there are only 4 tracks in use for the short-haul trains, with 3 island platforms (2 of which are used for alighting) and 2 side platforms with a total of 8 platforms (Platforms 11–18). The boarding platforms (both island and side) each use 3 lifts and 2 lifts. The alighting platforms each use 2 lifts and 3 escalators. In the future, there will be a total of 6 tracks (5 island platforms and 2 side platforms) serving short-haul trains.
Exits
A: Austin station
B: Wui Man Road Pick-up/Drop-off
C: Lin Cheung Road (closed)
D: Green Plaza
F: Green Plaza
G: Xiqu Centre
H: Green Plaza
J: Coach Pick-up/Drop-off
K1: Austin station
K2: West Kowloon Station Bus Terminus
K4: Sky Corridor
M: Elements
N: Austin station
Landscaping
West Kowloon station features an extensive green garden across the roof area of the station. It also sets up a large collection of cultural elements and entertainment spaces. Passengers can easily cross the ground floor between Kowloon station, Austin station and West Kowloon Cultural District, providing Hong Kong residents and visitors ample public open space and a comfortable green walking environment. Above the station, an area of approximately has been planted with a large number of plants and trees with traffic separated. All to create a pedestrian area, a green platform, and a wooded park that will integrate with the West Kowloon Cultural District harbourside parklands.
In addition, the West Kowloon station entrance lobby area features a green ecological leisure channel zone to tie in with the greenery on top of the building.
History and development
The original While construction of the station was still planned for completion in 2015, major flooding occurred in the railway tunnels under construction on 30 March 2014. This resulted in great damage to the tunnel boring machines. Internal MTR reports suggested causes were incomplete tender drawings, site surveys, and planning before construction began. The station was formally opened on 4 September 2018 and high-speed trains started to run to destinations in Mainland China from 23 September 2018.
RTHK reported that the final cost of the construction was 30% more than the initial estimate.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, then chief executive of the territory Carrie Lam announced that West Kowloon station will be closed from midnight of until further notice. The station has since then remained closed to the public, although it was used on 30 June and 1 July 2022 to facilitate Chinese leader Xi Jinping and first lady Peng Liyuan's visit to Hong Kong for ceremonies related to 25th anniversary of the Hong Kong handover and inauguration of John Lee as the new Chief Executive.
The station reopened on 15 January 2023.
Mainland Port Area
The Mainland Port Area is an area inside West Kowloon station that serves as a border control point between mainland China and Hong Kong. The area has been effectively ceded to Mainland China for a token HK$1,000 a year in rent. Since September 2018, Mainland Chinese immigration and police personnel operate exclusively within the area, and the laws of mainland China, rather than Hong Kong, are enforced.
This arrangement was controversial both before and after its implementation. Pro-democracy advocates were concerned about the erosion of Hong Kong's freedoms and autonomy under the "One Country, Two Systems" framework, and the Hong Kong Bar Association stated that the arrangement caused "the integrity of the Basic Law" to be "irreparably breached" and would "severely undermine" confidence in the rule of law in Hong Kong. Notably, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, which applies in Hong Kong, does not apply in the Mainland Port Area, leading to human rights concerns.
Area definition
The area delineated and coloured orange on Plan No. 1 and Annex 1 to Plan No. 1 in Schedule 2 of the Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Express Rail Link (Co-location) Ordinance is declared as the Mainland Port Area. It comprises the designated areas on B2 and B3 levels, the platform areas on B4 level as well as the connecting passageways. A train compartment of a passenger train in operation on the Hong Kong Section of the Express Rail Link is to be regarded as part of the Mainland Port Area. This arrangement will facilitate mainland border control preclearance in Hong Kong. Reports in the British press suggested this area amounts to a cession of of the station for a token annual rent of HK$ 1,000 (reported as being equivalent to £99).
Except for reserved matters, the Mainland Port Area is to be regarded as an area lying outside Hong Kong but lying within Mainland China for the purposes of the application of the laws of Mainland China, and of the laws of Hong Kong, in the Mainland Port Area; and the delineation of jurisdiction over the Mainland Port Area. It does not affect the boundary of the administrative division of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
Although the West Kowloon HSR station is listed on a page titled by the Shenzhen municipal government online, it is unclear whether this qualifies as a Port of Exit for the Shenzhen SEZ Visa on Arrival.
Implementation process
The joint meeting on 8 August 2017 of the Panel on Transport, the Panel on Security and the Panel on Administration of Justice and Legal Services of the Legislative Council passed the motion supporting the implementation of the "co-location arrangement" at the West Kowloon station.
The meeting on 15 November 2017 of the Legislative Council passed the motion on taking forward the follow-up tasks of the co-location arrangement at the West Kowloon station.
The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region signed the Co-operation Arrangement between the Mainland and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region on the Establishment of the Port at the West Kowloon Station of the Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Express Rail Link for Implementing Co-location Arrangement with the People's Government of Guangdong Province on 18 November 2017.
On 27 December 2017, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress approved the Co-operation Arrangement and stated that it is consistent with the Constitution of the People's Republic of China and the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
The Guangzhou–Shenzhen–Hong Kong Express Rail Link (Co-location) Bill was passed by the Legislative Council at the meeting on 14 June 2018. The Ordinance gazetted on 22 June 2018 and come into operation on a day to be appointed by the Secretary for Transport and Housing by notice published in the Hong Kong Government Gazette.
After a ceremony to "mark the commissioning of the Mainland Port Area" was held jointly by Frank Chan, Secretary for Transport and Housing, and "a leading Communist party official from Guangdong province", democracy activists noted that it constituted an erosion of the SAR's autonomy, with Tanya Chan reported as telling local radio that "the unlawful and unconstitutional joint checkpoint has been implemented forcefully — it has caused an irreparable damage to our legal system and rule of law." Chief Executive Carrie Lam, however, denied that there was any attempt to cover up the event, despite the ceremony being closed to press and being held without advance notice to news media or to members of the Legislative Council.
In the Court of First Instance of the High Court, Judge Anderson Chow refused the applications for leave to apply for judicial review by his decision dated 27 September 2017 and 18 April 2018. He refused the applications for interim relief by his decision dated 14 August 2018. He granted the applications for leave to apply for judicial review but dismissed the substantive applications for judicial review by his judgment dated 13 December 2018.
Mainland police operations
Since the Mainland Port Area began operations, there have been several reported cases of travellers being detained or arrested by mainland officials in Hong Kong. In one case, Simon Cheng, a Hong Kong resident working for the British consulate was detained upon returning to Hong Kong and sent back to mainland China by mainland police officers. Amid the 2019–20 Hong Kong protests, Chinese border officers have also begun to routinely search the phones of travellers for evidence of involvement in the protests.
Awards
In 2010, the West Kowloon station design won "Cityscape Awards for Architecture" in the Emerging Markets of Tourism, Travel & Transport Future Awards. In the same year on 4 November, the West Kowloon station design won the "Best Future Project ─ Infrastructure" World Architecture Festival Awards.
See also
Woodlands Train Checkpoint
Juxtaposed controls - co-location of immigration and customs on trains and ferries
References
Further reading
Cooperation arrangements between the Mainland and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region on the establishment of a port at the West Kowloon Station of the Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Express Rail Link to implement "Co-location Arrangement"
Note on the "(Draft) Decision on the Approval of the Cooperation Arrangement between the Mainland and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region on the Establishment of Ports at the West Kowloon Station of the Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Express Rail Link"
Report on the outcome of the review by the Law Committee of the National People's Congress, regarding the "(Draft) Decision on the Approval of the Cooperation Arrangement between the Mainland and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region on the Establishment of Ports at the West Kowloon Station of the Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Express Rail Link"
Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on Approving the Cooperation Arrangement between the Mainland and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region on the establishment of a port at the West Kowloon Station of Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Express Rail Link to implement "Co-location Arrangement"
Kwun Chung
West Kowloon
China–Hong Kong border crossings
Juxtaposed border controls
Guangzhou–Shenzhen–Hong Kong Express Rail Link
Railway stations in Hong Kong opened in 2018
25 kV AC railway electrification
MTR
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong%20Kong%20West%20Kowloon%20railway%20station
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is a Japanese football player who plays for Kataller Toyama.
Playing career
Shibasaki was born in Yokosuka on May 23, 1982. After graduating from high school, he joined J1 League club Tokyo Verdy in 2001. Although he debuted in 2002, he struggled for gametime behind Daijiro Takakuwa and Yoshinari Takagi. In 2004, he moved to J2 club Yokohama FC. However he struggled for gametime behind Takanori Sugeno. In 2006, he moved to J1 club FC Tokyo. However he could not play at all due to Yoichi Doi.
In 2007, Shibasaki re-joined Tokyo Verdy for the first time in 4 years. He struggled for minutes behind Yoshinari Takagi and Yoichi Doi who joined Verdy in 2008. However Takagi left Verdy at the end of 2009 and Doi was injured in May 2011. So, Shibasaki became the regular goalkeeper instead of Doi from May 2011. Although he also played as regular goalkeeper in 2012, Shibasaki lost his position behind Doi from July 2012.
In 2013, although Doi retired end of 2012 season, Shibasaki also moved to Yokohama FC, going on his first ever loan. He played thirteen matches. However the club won only 2 matches in the first 10 matches, so he lost his position to Junnosuke Schneider in April.
In 2014, Shibasaki returned to Tokyo Verdy. However he was mainly a bench player behind Yuya Sato until 2015. In 2016, Sato left Verdy at the end of the 2015 season. Shibasaki battled with new player Ryota Suzuki for the position and played 19 times. In 2017, Suzuki left Verdy at the end of the 2016 season and Shibasaki played as the starting goalkeeper in all 42 matches. However he struggled for gametime behind new player Naoto Kamifukumoto from 2018.
He joined SC Sagamihara in 2022 and then Kataller Toyama in 2023.
Club statistics
References
External links
1982 births
Living people
Association football people from Kanagawa Prefecture
Japanese men's footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
J3 League players
Tokyo Verdy players
Yokohama FC players
FC Tokyo players
SC Sagamihara players
Men's association football goalkeepers
Sportspeople from Yokosuka, Kanagawa
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takahiro%20Shibasaki
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Calvin High School may refer to:
Calvin High School (Louisiana) in Calvin, Louisiana
Calvin High School (North Dakota), a now defunct school in Calvin, North Dakota
Calvin High School (Oklahoma) in Calvin, Oklahoma
Places with similar names include:
Calvin Christian High School in Grandville, Michigan
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calvin%20High%20School
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Chelepteryx collesi, the batwing moth or white stemmed gum moth, is a moth of the family Anthelidae. The species was first described by John Edward Gray in 1835. It is found in Australasia.
The wingspan of the female can range up to 160 mm; the male has a wingspan that ranges to about 140 mm.
The larvae feed on Myrtaceae species. They are the largest caterpillars in Australia, growing to a length of 15 cm, and they have many sharp urticating hairs. The hairs are sharp and very difficult to dislodge once embedded in the skin. The cocoons are also large and are similarly protected by stinging hairs.
References
Moths described in 1835
Taxa named by John Edward Gray
Anthelidae
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chelepteryx%20collesi
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Chicago 1930 (also known as Chicago 1930: The Prohibition) is a 2003 video game developed by Spellbound Entertainment.
The game is based in the American city of Chicago in the 1930s, an era heavily associated with gangsters. The RPG style game allows players to choose to be the mafia, headed by Don Carmine Falcone, or a special unit of the police, headed by Edward Nash.
Gameplay
Plot
Development
Reception
References
External links
Chicago 1930 at Microïds
2003 video games
Microïds games
Organized crime video games
MacOS games
Windows games
Video games about police officers
Video games set in Chicago
Detective video games
Video games developed in Germany
Video games set in the 1930s
Spellbound Entertainment games
Single-player video games
Works about the American Mafia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago%201930
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Marcus Malvin Key was a public health administrator and practitioner who served as the first director for the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) in the U.S. government.
Education and early career
Key attended public schools in Lakeland, Florida and Little Rock, Arkansas. He studied at Columbia University beginning in 1941, but in 1943 his studies were interrupted by military service in World War II. He served in the 20th Air Force as a B-29 navigator and radar navigator-bombardier, flying ten combat missions in the Pacific including the "Last Mission" of the bombing of the Nippon Oil Company at Akita on Aug. 14, 1945.
He returned to Columbia University in 1947, earning his A.B. in 1949 and M.D. in 1952. He then earned an Master of Industrial Health at the Harvard University School of Public Health in 1954. He was an Assistant Resident in Dermatology at Presbyterian Hospital in New York City during 1954–56, and a Clinical Fellow in Dermatology at Cincinnati General Hospital during 1956–58.
He became a Medical Officer in the Division of Occupational Health, the predecessor of NIOSH, in 1956. He became Assistant Chief of the Dermatology Section in 1960 and its Chief in 1965. He became Chief of Clinical Services and Acting Chief of the Appalachian Laboratory for Occupational Respiratory Diseases in 1967. As part of the Public Health Service reorganizations of 1966–1973, the Division of Occupational Health became the Bureau of Occupational Safety and Health; Key became its Deputy Director in 1968 and its Director in 1969.
NIOSH
The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, signed by President Richard Nixon, gave new responsibilities to the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW), including the mandate to perform research on occupational safety and health problems, hazard evaluation, toxicity determinations, manpower development and training.
The Act established the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, and Marcus M. Key was appointed as the new Institute's first director. Previously Key had been the Assistant Surgeon General and director of the Bureau of Occupational Safety and Health. At NIOSH, Key oversaw 475 employees and worked with an initial budget of $17.8 million.
In 1974, B.F. Goodrich Chemical Company contacted NIOSH concerning deaths and illnesses in its Louisville factory. After a coordinated investigation, Key issued recommendations for exposure limits to vinyl chloride. His published recommendation suggested that vinyl chloride used in the factory resulted in four fatalities from angiosarcoma of liver. By 1975, Dr. Key had resigned as director and was eventually replaced by John Finklea, who had overseen the Environmental Protection Agency's national laboratory in Durham, N.C.
University of Texas
Key began teaching at the University of Texas School of Public Health. In 1985, he was contacted by Labor Secretary Bill Brock about heading the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). After considering the post, Key opted to continue with his professorship, where he continued until his retirement in 1994.
In September 2013 Shell Oil Company partnered with the University of Texas School of Public Health to endow the Marcus M. Key, M.D.-Shell Occupational and Environmental Health Endowed Chair in honor of Key to provide funding to recruit and retain senior faculty in the school’s Occupational Medicine Program of the Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Science.
References
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
University of Texas faculty
Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons alumni
Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health alumni
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus%20M.%20Key
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Acropteris iphiata is a species of moth of the family Uraniidae first described by Achille Guenée in 1857. It is found in Japan, China and Korea.
The wingspan is 25–35 mm.
The larvae feed on Cynanchum, Metaplexis and Vincetoxicum (syn. Tylophora) species.
References
Uraniidae
Moths of Japan
Moths described in 1857
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acropteris%20iphiata
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is a Japanese football coach and former football player, who is the goalkeeper coach of Thailand U23.
Playing career
Kawakita was born in Osaka Prefecture on May 13, 1978. After graduating from Kansai University, he joined J2 League club Ventforet Kofu in 2001. Although he played many matches from first season, he could not become a regular goalkeeper behind Hiromasa Azuma (2001) and Tatsuya Tsuruta (2002). In 2003, he moved to Japan Football League club Otsuka Pharmaceutical (later Tokushima Vortis). He became a regular goalkeeper in 2003. However his opportunity to play decreased from 2004. Although the club won the champions in 2004 season and was promoted to J2, he could not play at all in the match in 2005. In 2006, Kawakita moved to newly was promoted to J2 League club, Ehime FC. He battles with many goalkeeper for the position and played many matches every season and became a regular goalkeeper in 2011. However he could not play at all in the match behind new goalkeeper Yota Akimoto in 2012 and retired end of 2012 season.
Club statistics
References
External links
1978 births
Living people
Kansai University alumni
Association football people from Osaka Prefecture
Japanese men's footballers
J2 League players
Japan Football League players
Ventforet Kofu players
Tokushima Vortis players
Ehime FC players
Men's association football goalkeepers
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yusuke%20Kawakita
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John Edward Hatton (born 29 May 1933) is a former Australian politician, and a National Trust of Australia nominated Australian Living Treasure. He was the independent member of the Legislative Assembly of the New South Wales parliament for the seat of South Coast from 1973 to 1995. Notably, the allegations about police corruption which Hatton raised in Parliament resulted in the Wood Royal Commission. He is currently a social activist in his local community.
Early life and background
Hatton was born in Hammondville, New South Wales, the son of Harry and Florence Hatton. He was educated at Hammondville Public School, Hurlstone Agricultural High School and Armidale Teachers' College.
Hatton was the President of the New South Wales Shire of Shoalhaven before his entry into state politics. Hatton was the Foundation President and President for 15 years of the Shoalhaven Combined Progress Associations.
State parliamentary career
Hatton was the member for the New South Wales lower house seat of South Coast between 1973 and 1995. A measure of Hatton's local popularity occurred in the 1976 state election where he polled in excess of 77% of the first preference formal votes. Shortly after becoming elected, Hatton donated a parliamentary pay rise to charity because it had not been granted by an independent body. John Hatton was elected as an independent for this seat for 22 years through the Askin, Lewis, Willis, Wran, Unsworth, Greiner and Fahey governments to 1995.
Hatton used parliamentary privilege to expose organised crime in the Griffith mafia, police corruption and malfeasance within government departments and agencies. In 1994, by 46 votes to 45, he forced the minority Fahey Government to establish the Wood Royal Commission into Police Corruption. This ground-breaking royal commission overcame objections from the Independent Commission Against Corruption, led to widespread reform of the NSW Police Force and the establishment of the Police Integrity Commission.
Later life
Hatton continues to advocate for his local community. In 2009 he called for a Royal Commission into property and planning corruption in NSW.
Return to politics
In September 2010, Hatton announced his intention to stand with a team of 21 independents for the New South Wales Legislative Council at the state election on 26 March 2011. His running mate was small business owner and Community Independent Ian Scandrett who was second on the ticket. Scandrett has since been elected twice to Wingecarribee Shire Council. The grouping of candidates were known as the John Hatton Independents Team. Hatton and his team were unsuccessful at the 2011 election.
Honours received
Officer of the Order of Australia, General Division, 1999.
Churchill Fellow 1989
Jaycees Australia's Outstanding Young Man of the Year Award, Darwin 1970
Notes
a. The City of Shoalhaven was proclaimed in 1979.
References
1933 births
Living people
Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly
Independent members of the Parliament of New South Wales
Officers of the Order of Australia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Hatton%20%28politician%29
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Lyssa zampa, the tropical swallowtail moth or Laos brown butterfly, is a moth of the family Uraniidae. The species was first described by British entomologist Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1869.
The species is native to a wide range of tropical South-East Asia: Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, and the Philippines. It is also recorded from Andaman Islands, southern China, the Himalayas, and sporadically in East Asia: Taiwan, Japan and South Korea. The forewing length is about and the wingspan reaches a maximum of .
It is most abundant from May to November depending on the location. The genus Lyssa is generally categorized as a nocturnal or crepuscular group, but this species has been found to be active both during the day and at night. This species is also known for its mass emergence and migration. Because of that ecology and the habit that they are often attracted by urban bright lights, this species can attract human attention.
The larvae feed on Endospermum and other members of the rubber tree family (Euphorbiaceae).
References
External links
Uraniidae
Moths of Asia
Moths of Japan
Moths described in 1869
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyssa%20zampa
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SEPTA Route 66 is a trackless trolley route in Northeast Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. It connects the Market–Frankford Line at the Frankford Transportation Center to Wissinoming, Mayfair, Holmesburg, and Torresdale along Frankford Avenue, which is US 13 and includes the historic, colonial Frankford Avenue Bridge.
Route description
The route's eastern terminus is at City Line Loop, located at Frankford Avenue and Knights Road in Morrell Park. However, some weekday trips are truncated to Gregg Loop, located at Gregg Street and Frankford Avenue. Some weekday rush hour service begin/end at Frankford and Cottman Ave in the city's Mayfair neighborhood.
The route is operated by trolleybuses, locally called trackless trolleys. Buses replaced streetcars (trolley cars) on July 30, 1955 and ran for one month then on September 1, 1955, the new Trackless Trolleys replace the buses. The last day of streetcar operation was actually July 30, 1955, but diesel buses were temporarily used for six weeks.
Diesel buses were substituted beginning June 2002 because of reconstruction of Frankford Depot (garage) and the adjacent Market-Frankford "El" viaduct and station, but trackless service was restored in April 2008.
All of the vehicles currently in use are ADA-compliant and equipped with bicycle racks. "Night Owl" service is also available, and rush hour service includes both local and express trips.
See also
Trolleybuses in Philadelphia
Gallery
References
External links
SEPTA Route 66 (Official schedule and map)
Flickr Photo
66
66
66
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SEPTA%20Route%2066
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Jalan Bandar Chini, Federal Route 2484, is a federal road in Pahang, Malaysia.
At most sections, the Federal Route 2484 was built under the JKR R5 road standard, allowing maximum speed limit of up to 90 km/h.
List of junctions
Malaysian Federal Roads
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jalan%20Bandar%20Chini
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Frano Michael Botica (born 3 August 1963) is a New Zealand-Croatian rugby union and rugby league coach and former player in both codes, who played in the 1980s and 1990s. He is the head coach of the Philippines sevens team.
He represented New Zealand at both codes, and later also played for Croatia in two rugby union World Cup qualifying matches.
Rugby union
Born in Mangakino, New Zealand, Botica played rugby union for club side North Shore, New Zealand provincial side North Harbour, as well as Llanelli in Wales, and spent a period in France.
Botica played 7 test matches between 1986-89 including two test matches in France. Botica was a member of the All Blacks World Cup winning squad of 1987 and toured with the All Blacks to Britain in 1989 and played in several of the mid-week matches.
Botica appeared for the New Zealand Māori (1985-1989), New Zealand Emerging Players (1985), North Island in the 1986 inter-island match and for the Anzac XV that played the British Lions in Australia in 1989. He even appeared in the Super 12, once for the Chiefs in 1998.
He played for New Zealand sevens in eight international tournaments between 1985 and 1988, and was part of the first New Zealand team to win a Hong Kong Sevens title in 1986.
In the early part of his rugby union career he was a rival to Grant Fox for the All Blacks number 10 jersey. Botica was regarded as more a running player whereas Fox was considered a superior kicker and it was Fox who eventually won the selectors' favour, forcing Botica to the bench and restricting the number of rugby union tests he played. Ironically, after switching codes Botica became known as one of the most dependable goal-kickers in rugby league.
Rugby league
Club career
Botica joined Wigan (Heritage № 855) in British rugby league in 1990. While at Wigan he became a prolific points scorer and the fastest man in the history of British league to reach 1,000 points.
In 1991 he played for the New Zealand Māori side in his first match of rugby league in New Zealand.
During the 1991–92 season, he played for defending champions Wigan on the wing in their 21–4 victory against the visiting Australian champions Penrith in the 1991 World Club Challenge played at Anfield in Liverpool.
During the 1992-93 season, Botica played at for Wigan in the 1992 World Club Challenge against the 1992 Winfield Cup premiers, the Brisbane Broncos. Brisbane became the first Australian side to win the World Club Challenge in England when they defeated Wigan 22–8 at Wigan's Central Park.
Botica played , and kicked every point in Wigan's 5–4 victory over St. Helens in the 1992 Lancashire Cup Final.
He scored 3 conversions in Wigan's 15–8 victory over Bradford Northern in the 1992–93 Regal Trophy Final, and scored a conversion in the 2–33 defeat by Castleford in the 1993–94 Regal Trophy Final and scored a try and 8 conversions in the 40–10 victory over Warrington in the 1994–95 Regal Trophy Final. Frano Botica holds the records for the most conversions (8) and points (16) in a Regal Trophy (or precursors) Final.
Botica played in the 1994 World Club Challenge against the Broncos again, this time at the ANZ Stadium in Brisbane. Wigan reversed the 1992 result with a 20–14 win in front of a WCC record attendance of 54,220 fans, including a number of Wigan supporters who had travelled to Australia to watch the game. Known as a very accurate goal kicker, Botica kicked four goals from four attempts on the night.
Botica set a new record for most goals in a season for Wigan when he kicked 186 during the 1994–95 Rugby Football League season. He returned to New Zealand to play for the Auckland Warriors during their inaugural year in 1995, before returning to England to play for the Castleford Tigers (Heritage № 727) in 1996.
International
Botica played in seven internationals for New Zealand between 1991 and 1993.
He made his test début at against France at Carlaw Park in Auckland on 13 June 1991, kicking eight goals as the Kiwis thrashed the visitors 60–6. He then backed that up with a 6-goal performance in the second test in Christchurch. His selection had seen him flown in from England for the series after a dispute between the New Zealand Rugby League and Manly-Warringah over compensation saw in-form test incumbent Matthew Ridge become unavailable. This dispute, and his own solid form, saw Botica keep his spot for the first test of the 1991 Trans-Tasman Test series against Australia in Melbourne where he kicked four goals and helped the Kiwis to a shock 24–8 win over the Kangaroos. Botica played fullback for the Kiwis in all three tests of the series, eventually won 2–1 by Australia who easily won the second test 44–0 at the Sydney Football Stadium before wrapping up the series with a 40–12 win at Lang Park in Brisbane. The goal kicking Kiwi fullback won praise from Australian coach Bob Fulton who proclaimed that he could play as well as any fullback in the Winfield Cup (NSWRL Premiership). Botica kicked six goals from eight attempts (75%) during the test series.
Botica's last two tests came during the Kiwis' 1993 Tour of Great Britain and France. He played on the wing during the last two tests of the series against the Great Britain Lions at his home ground of Central Park in Wigan and at Headingley in Leeds, though the Lions, who had won the first test at Wembley Stadium 17–0, went on to win the series 3–0. He was not selected for the test against France at the end of the tour and would never again play a test for the Kiwis.
Despite eventually becoming a five-eighth in rugby league, Botica spent much of his early time in the 13-aside code, including five of his seven tests for New Zealand, at fullback or on the wing.
Return to union
When rugby union became openly professional, Botica returned to the 15-a-side code to play for Llanelli in Wales and then in France. In 1997 and 1998 he played for Croatia in two World Cup qualifying matches. In his late 30s he returned for the North Harbour Rugby Union in New Zealand and played several matches, mainly off the bench.
Later years
In 2009 Botica worked with the New Zealand Warriors as a kicking coach. Botica's son Ben is a former member of North Harbour's ITM Cup squad, has represented New Zealand Schoolboys, and currently plays for Aviva Premiership side Harlequin F.C. Another of Botica's sons, Jacob, played for Welsh regional sides Dragons and Scarlets in the United Rugby Championship.
In 2016, Botica became head coach of the Philippines national rugby sevens team. He is a real estate agent, working in Auckland.
References
External links
All Blacks Profile
Frano Botica at rugbymuseum.co.nz
Statistics ar thecastlefordtigers.co.uk
1963 births
Living people
Biarritz Olympique players
Castleford Tigers players
Croatia international rugby union players
Croatian rugby union players
Dual-code rugby internationals
Expatriate rugby union players in France
Māori All Blacks players
New Zealand expatriate rugby union players
New Zealand expatriate sportspeople in Croatia
New Zealand expatriate sportspeople in France
New Zealand expatriate sportspeople in England
New Zealand international rugby union players
New Zealand Māori rugby league players
New Zealand Māori rugby league team players
New Zealand national rugby league team players
New Zealand people of Croatian descent
New Zealand rugby league players
New Zealand rugby union players
New Zealand Warriors players
North Harbour rugby union players
North Island rugby union players
People educated at Westlake Boys High School
People from Mangakino
Rugby league five-eighths
Rugby league fullbacks
Rugby league wingers
Wigan Warriors players
Rugby union players from Waikato
Rugby league players from Waikato
Expatriate rugby league players in England
New Zealand expatriate sportspeople in Wales
Expatriate rugby union players in Wales
New Zealand expatriate sportspeople in the Philippines
Citizens of Croatia through descent
Castres Olympique players
L'Aquila Rugby players
New Zealand expatriate sportspeople in Italy
Expatriate rugby union players in Italy
1987 Rugby World Cup players
Rugby union fly-halves
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frano%20Botica
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Taylor Toth (born July 22, 1989) is an American pair skater. He is best known for his partnership with Felicia Zhang from 2009 to 2011. Together, they won the junior title at the 2010 U.S. Championships and placed ninth at the 2010 World Junior Championships.
Career
Early in his pairs career, Toth competed with Kylie Gleason. They won medals on the juvenile and intermediate levels. From 2004 through 2005, Toth competed with Molly Aaron. They competed on the 2005–2006 ISU Junior Grand Prix at two events. They are the 2005 U.S. novice pewter medalists. Their partnership ended before the 2006 U.S. Championships.
As a single skater, Toth won the junior level title at the 2007 U.S. Collegiate Championships.
Toth teamed up with Felicia Zhang in 2009. They won the junior gold medal at the 2010 U.S. Championships. They finished 9th at the 2010 World Junior Championships.
Zhang/Toth moved up to the senior level for the 2010–11 season and competed in the Grand Prix at Skate America, where they finished 7th, and Trophée Eric Bompard, where they finished 5th. They withdrew from the 2011 U.S. Championships due to Zhang's rib injuries. On March 10, 2011, Zhang and Toth announced they had parted ways. During their partnership, they were coached by Jeff DiGregorio in Newark, Delaware.
On March 23, 2012, it was announced that Toth had teamed up with Kiri Baga. In May 2014, it was announced that his partner, Kiri Baga, had decided to stop training for elite competition.
Personal life
Toth graduated from the University of Delaware in 2011. He is active in the USFS Athlete Advisory Committee. He works for Marc Jacobs International in New York City.
Programs
(with Zhang)
Competitive highlights
With Zhang
With Aaron
References
External links
American male pair skaters
American male single skaters
1988 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Pittsburgh
People from Kittanning, Pennsylvania
Sportspeople from Armstrong County, Pennsylvania
21st-century American sportsmen
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taylor%20Toth
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Anwar Miandad (born 11 March 1960) is a Pakistani former first-class cricketer who played mainly for the Habib Bank Limited cricket team. He is a younger brother of Pakistan's leading Test run scorer Javed Miandad and had two other brothers play Quaid-i-Azam Trophy matches. An all-rounder, he also took the field for Karachi and the Industrial Development Bank of Pakistan during his career.
Miandad played as a right-handed middle order batsman and bowled useful slow left-arm orthodox spin. He was a member of two Patron's Trophy final winning sides with Habib Bank Limited, the first under Javed's captaincy in 1987/88. The other was in 1991/92 when they drew with National Bank of Pakistan but were awarded the trophy because of a superior first innings, in which Miandad contributed 67 runs. He captained Habib Bank Limited twice during the 1995/96 Patron's Trophy.
Despite appearing in 141 first-class matches, Miandad only scored four centuries and never more than one in a single season. He was also run out for 99 in an innings, against Pakistan National Shipping Corporation in 1990/91.
In a Wills Cup limited-overs match for Habib Bank Limited against Lahore City at Peshawar in the 1988/89 season, Miandad had record bowling figures with 7 for 20. His bowling record at the time was the best ever in Pakistani domestic limited-overs cricket.
A reliable fielder, Miandad won the 'Fielder of the Tournament' award in the 1982/83 Wills Cup.
References
External links
1960 births
Living people
Pakistani cricketers
Habib Bank Limited cricketers
Cricketers from Karachi
Karachi A cricketers
Industrial Development Bank of Pakistan cricketers
Karachi Whites cricketers
Karachi cricketers
Pakistani people of Gujarati descent
People from Karachi
Muhajir people
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anwar%20Miandad
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John Roeslein is a retired American soccer player who was a member of championship teams at the high school, junior college, NCAA Division I and professional levels. He played two seasons in the American Soccer League where he was the 1976 Rookie of the Year.
Youth
Roeslein grew up in St. Louis, Missouri playing for numerous notable youth teams. He attended St. Mary's High School which won the 1970 Missouri High School soccer championship. He attended Florissant Valley Community College, playing for the school's soccer team in 1971 and 1972. He and his teammates won the 1971 National Junior College National Championships. In 1973, he transferred to St. Louis University where he won the 1973 NCAA Men's Soccer Championship.
Professional
In 1976, Roeslein signed with the New Jersey Americans of the American Soccer League. He shared Rookie of the Year honors with Steve Ralbovsky. He also played briefly on loan with Welsh club Tranmere Rovers F.C. in 1976. In 1977, the New Jersey Americans won the ASL championship.
Amateur
He retired from professional soccer following the 1977 season and returned to St. Louis where he played the rest of his career with local amateur teams. In 1978, he was with Busch Gardens S.C. before moving to St. Louis Kutis S.C. in 1979. He has also coached extensively on the youth level in the St. Louis area. He was inducted into the St. Louis Soccer Hall of Fame in 2008.
References
American men's soccer players
American expatriate men's soccer players
American Soccer League (1933–1983) players
New Jersey Americans (soccer) players
Saint Louis Billikens men's soccer players
St. Louis Kutis S.C. players
Soccer players from St. Louis
Living people
Men's association football forwards
Men's association football midfielders
Year of birth missing (living people)
Tranmere Rovers F.C. players
Expatriate men's footballers in England
American expatriate sportspeople in England
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Roeslein
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Necip Uysal (, born 24 January 1991) is a Turkish professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Süper Lig club Beşiktaş.
Uysal started his footballing career with amateur side Yıldırım Bosnaspor in 2001. He spent three years with the club before being transferred to Beşiktaş. Uysal made his professional debut during the 2009–10 Süper Lig season.
Personal life
Uysal is of Kosovar Albanian descent.
Career statistics
Honours
Beşiktaş
Süper Lig: 2015–16, 2016–17, 2020–21
Türkiye Kupası: 2010–11, 2020–21
Turkish Super Cup: 2021
References
External links
Necip Uysal Profile on Besiktas Official Website
1991 births
Living people
People from Bakırköy
Footballers from Istanbul
Turkish men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Turkey men's international footballers
Turkey men's B international footballers
Turkey men's under-21 international footballers
Turkey men's youth international footballers
Turkish people of Kosovan descent
Beşiktaş J.K. footballers
Süper Lig players
21st-century Turkish people
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necip%20Uysal
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The Kutztown Golden Bears are the sports teams that represent Kutztown University of Pennsylvania (pronunciation rhymes with "Puts"), located in Kutztown, Pennsylvania. Kutztown University is a member of NCAA Division II and competes in the Pennsylvania State Athletic Conference (PSAC). The university sponsors eight men's and fourteen women's intercollegiate sports. In 2022, Kutztown University added women's acrobatics & tumbling as its 22nd varsity sport.
Kutztown won the Dixon Trophy in 2006, which is awarded to the PSAC school with the best overall athletic program that year. Kutztown became the fifth league school to win the award after placing second in the rankings in the 2003–04 and 2004–05 school years. Famous former athletes from Kutztown include Pro Football Hall of Famer Andre Reed, two-time Super Bowl champion with the Denver Broncos, John Mobley, NFL football players Bruce Harper, Doug Dennison and Craig Reynolds (American football) and World Series champion pitcher with the San Francisco Giants, Ryan Vogelsong.
The university provides an array of intramural and club sports programs for students. Leagues and tournaments are organized by the department of Recreational Services every semester, and range from badminton tournaments to rock climbing competitions.
Overview
From the mid-1930s up until 1961, Kutztown's sports teams were known as the Golden Avalanche. In 1961, Kutztown replaced the Golden Avalanche nickname with the Golden Bears as the University's nickname. In later years, Golden Bear mascots came into play. Before 2005, Goldie and Griz served as the KU Golden Bear mascots. However, they were both "graduated" to make way for a new mascot. The Raymond Entertainment Group of Newark, Delaware, helped KU create the new mascot. On October 1, 2005, at Kutztown's football game versus West Chester University, Kutztown University unveiled Avalanche as the school's new mascot. Avalanche is so named to honor Kutztown State College during the time of the Golden Avalanche sports teams.
The Golden Bears can be seen in more places than the sports fields. Golden Bear statues are located near the basketball courts on South Campus and in North Campus near the Boehm Science Building. Along with the statues, several residential areas are named after the Golden Bear. Golden Bear Village South behind University Place and Golden Bear Village West next to Rothermel Hall are student apartments which hold the Golden Bear moniker.
Fall sports
Football
The Kutztown University football team is led by coach Jim Clements. Clements led the Golden Bears to the 2021 PSAC East title and PSAC championship. Kutztown also made its deepest NCAA DII Championship tournament run in program history, reaching the national quarterfinals. Clements came to Kutztown after serving as the head coach at Division III Delaware Valley College for eight years. He is the winningest coach in Delaware Valley history with an overall record of 66–24 from 2006–13, including a perfect 10–0 regular season in 2011. He earned four Middle Atlantic Conference (MAC) championships (2008–11) and three NCAA second round appearances (2009–11). A notable Kutztown victory came in 2006 and was the first game to be played at night at Kutztown's Andre Reed Stadium after lights were installed in the stadium and the team's season-opener, a 27–10 win over Clarion.
PSAC Players of the Year from Kutztown, since 1985:
All players won their awards as members of the PSAC Eastern Division
Offensive Players of the Year:
Mike deMarteleire (2000)
Kevin Morton (2010)
Jordan Morgan
Collin DiGalbo (2019)
Defensive Players of the Year:
Michael Baldwin (2005)
Pete Mendez (2001)
Terrence Miles (1999)
Athletes of the Year (Award was broken up into Offense and Defense in 1996):
John Mobley (1995)
Andy Breault (1990, 1991)
Paul Magistro (1985)
Rookies of the Year
Stephen Gammage (2002)
Pete Mendez (1999)
Mike DeMarteleire (1998)
Kevin Wimberly (1995)
Kevin Mobley (1994)
Nick Hanych (1993)
Mark Steinmeyer (1988)
PSAC Coach of The Year (Eastern Division) from Kutztown (since 1985)
Barry Fetterman (1991)
Raymond Monica (2010)
Jim Clements (2016, 2019, 2021)
Field Hockey
The Kutztown University field hockey team is led by head coach Marci Scheuing, who has served in that role since 2013. She was named the PSAC Coach of the year in 2015. Betty Wesner was named the NFHCA Division II coach of the year in 1997, the NHFCA South Region Coach of the Year in 2007, and the PSAC coach of the year in 1988, 1997, 2004 and 2007. In 2019, Kutztown advanced to the NCAA Division II national semifinals, before falling to eventual champion West Chester. The team finished as the NCAA Division II runner-up in 1997.
Women's Soccer
The Kutztown Women's Soccer Team is under the direction of Erik Burstein, who became head coach in 2007. Burstein came to Kutztown from Bowling Green State University, where he served as an assistant coach during the 2006 season. The women's soccer program has recorded six-straight double-digit win seasons, and had four-straight appearances in the PSAC Playoffs (2003–06) and was the PSAC runner-up in 2004 and 2005.
PSAC Women's Soccer Rookie of the Year from Kutztown (Since 1994)
Kim Kelty (2004)
Coach Jeff Schellenberger was named PSAC East Coach of the Year in 2004.
Players from Kutztown were selected to the All-PSAC Women's Soccer Team 28 times since 1994. Kim Kelty was selected four times, the most at Kutztown University.
Men's and Women's Cross Country
Kutztown University's men's and women's cross country teams are under the direction of head coach Ray Hoffman, who has led the program since 1998. Coach Hoffman also has served as head coach of the track and field programs since the 2006–07 school year.
The women’s team has earned five trips to the NCAA Championship, including a best-ever 14th-place finish in 2006 after winning its first-ever NCAA East Regional title. Hoffman has twice been named the PSAC Women’s Coach of the Year (2000, 2006) and the KU Women’s Athletics Coach of the Year (2000–01, 2001–02).
The women's cross country team has competed in the NCAA Championships four times. In 2000, Megan Seefeldt won the individual PSAC title, being the first-ever in the program's history. The team has placed as high as second at the PSAC Championships and have not placed lower than fourth in the last six seasons. The men's team has placed fourth twice and fifth once at the 2000–02 PSAC Championships and finishing fifth twice and sixth at the NCAA Regionals.
During Hoffman's eight seasons as coach:
One runner has won a PSAC individual title (Megan Seefeldt)
21 made All-PSAC honors
1 was named PSAC Runner of the Year
3 were named PSAC Rookies of the Year
19 won All-Region awards
1 won an All-America honor
26 won USTFCCCA All-Academic Team individual awards
1 won Academic All-America of the Year
Women's Volleyball
The Kutztown women's volleyball team was formerly led by head coach John Gump, who retired following the 2021–22 school year. Before coaching at KU, Gump was head coach of Division III Allentown College (now DeSales University) Gump is the winningest coach in Kutztown University volleyball history. The team has won four PSAC East titles under his watch and went a perfect 10–0 in the PSAC East in 2003.
Coach Gump was named the 2003 and 2006 PSAC East Coach of the Year, the 1998–99 and 2003–04 KU Women's Athletics Coach of the Year.
Since 1983, 22 players have been selected to the All-PSAC East First Team.
PSAC Eastern Division Rookies of the Year (since 1991):
Sarah Knaub (1995)
Jessie Didier (2000)
Ebany Hetrick (2002)
PSAC Eastern Division Athletes of the Year (since 1991):
Jessie Didier (2003)
Sarah Brandon (2004, 2005, 2006)
Winter sports
Women's Acrobatics & Tumbling
Kutztown's newest varsity sport, women's acrobatics & tumbling, made its debut during the 2022 season, going 3–3 under first-year head coach Karah Paull. Paull (formerly Naples) was an All-American as a student-athlete at Fairmont State and is working quickly to make the Golden Bears a contender. Kutztown competes as a member of the National Collegiate Acrobatics & Tumbling Association (NCATA).
Men's and Women's basketball
Kutztown University's men's basketball team was established in 1903. It is currently under the direction of head coach Bernie Driscoll, who has led the program since 2000. The team won the PSAC East regular-season title in 1988 and shared the division title in 2008. Since 2003, the team has posted five straight winning seasons, and has an appearance in the PSAC title game (2004).
The Kutztown University women's basketball team was established in 1971. Head coach Janet Malouf has served in that position since 1994. She has the most wins in The team appeared in the PSAC playoffs every season from 1995–96 to 2005–06.
Men's and Women's Swimming
The Kutztown University women's swimming team is guided by head coach Tim Flannery, who has served in that position since 1996–97. The men's team was discontinued following the 2008–2009 season. The program as a whole has produced two NCAA champions, Ed Flory (1977–'78) and Claudine Gruver (1997).
Wrestling
The Kutztown University wrestling team is led by head coach Robert Fisher, who has served in that role since 2000–01. The program was established in 1940, but was discontinued three years later due to World War II. In 1965, Dan Hinkel was the head coach when the program was reinstated. In 2007, Joe Kemmerer won the first NCAA championship, winning the 133 pound title at the Division II Championships. Kemmerer repeated his feat by becoming a two-time national champion at 133 lbs. in 2009. Since then, heavyweights Ziad Haddad (2014 and 2015) and Andrew Dunn Jr. (2019) have gone on to win national titles for the Maroon and Gold.
Spring Sports
Baseball
Kutztown University baseball is currently under the direction of coach Eric Folmar, who took over prior to the 2020 season.
On March 14, 2008, former head coach Chris Blum became the fastest collegiate baseball coach to 200 career victories, when KU defeated California (Pa.) in Blum's 314th career game
Kutztown has won PSAC Eastern Division titles in 1997, 1999, 2001 and 2007; PSAC Championships in 1966, 1999, 2002, 2005, 2006 and 2008; and has won the North Atlantic Regional tournament in 2001, 2002, 2004 and 2007.
The team spent the week of April 30, 2007, as the No. 1 ranked team in Division II, a first for the program.
Ryan Vogelsong, a Golden Baseball alum, won a World Series title with the San Francisco Giants. On May 30, 2022, pitcher Matt Swarmer became the fourth Kutztown University product to make his Major League Baseball debut, pitching six innings and recording a no decision in game one of a doubleheader against the Milwaukee Brewers.
Women's Lacrosse
The Kutztown University women's lacrosse program returned to varsity status in 2008. The program was instituted in 1975 and discontinued in 1990. he program, which won the PSAC title in 1982, is responsible for the first PSAC Championship by a women's team in KU history. The team is now under the direction of head coach Kristin Nicholson.
Softball
Kutztown University's softball team is led by head coach Judy Lawes, who has served as head coach since 1987. Lawes has led the Golden Bears to appearances in the NCAA Division II Tournament in 1994–96 and then every year from 2000–08. Lawes has also guided Kutztown to 13 PSAC playoff appearances, including four runner-up finishes (1988, 1989, 1996, 2007). Lawes has been named PSAC East Coach of the Year in 1989, 1994, 2000 and 2007. Lawes also garnered the Dr. Dorothy Moyer Award in 1994, 1995, 2000, 2007 and 2008, which is presented to the KU Coach of the Year for women’s athletics. Other accomplishments include setting the school record for overall wins (48) in 2008 and wins in the Eastern Division (22) in 2007. Additionally, her team won a share of the PSAC East title in 1994 and won the title outright in 2007 and 2008.
Multi-season sports
Women's Golf
Kutztown University's women's golf team is led by head coach Robert Fisher, who has served in the role since January 2002. The team was established in 2000–01 as the first women's golf program in the Pennsylvania State Athletic Conference.
Men's and Women's Tennis
Kutztown University's men's and women's tennis teams are under the direction of head coach Wyatt Pauley, who completed his first season in 2021–22. The men's team has won the PSAC title in 1999–2000, 2000–01, 2001–02, 2003–04, 2004–05, 2005–06 and 2006–07. The women's team has finished a best-ever second in the PSAC twice (1993–94, 2004–05).
Men's and Women's Track & Field
Kutztown University's Men's and women's indoor and outdoor track and field teams are under the direction of head coach Ray Hoffman, who has led the program since the 2006–07. From 1998–2006, Hoffman served as an assistant coach, while also serving as head coach of the cross country teams.
The men's team won the PSAC outdoor title in 1983, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2001 and 2002; and the Eastern College Athletic Conference indoor title in 1995, 1997, 1998, 2000 and 2001. The women's team has won the PSAC outdoor title in 1997, 2000 and 2005; the PSAC indoor title in 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2019; and the ECAC indoor title in 2001. The program has produced two NCAA Division II National Champions, Mike Cantrel (pole vault, 1987 indoors) and Tara Crozier (hammer, 1997 outdoors).
Club Sports
Men's Rugby
Founded in 1984 by Andrew Lewis, the Kutztown Rugby Football Club represents Kutztown in college rugby competitions, and has been a member of USA Rugby since 1988. Gregg 'Doc' Jones has been the team's head coach since 1986.
Kutztown plays in the East Conference of Division 1-A Rugby. There have been multiple tournament wins, international tours, and playoff appearances. In 2008, Kutztown advanced to the national quarterfinals, led by Marco Barnard who later went on to play for the U.S. national sevens team. In spring 2013, Kutztown reached the USA Rugby national playoff quarterfinals.
Kutztown has also been successful in rugby sevens and in May, 2022, the Golden Bears captured their first Collegiate Rugby Championship Men's Premier Division national championship with a 17–12 victory over Dartmouth in New Orleans. In February 2012, Kutztown beat Missouri and Miami–Ohio en route to reaching the semifinals at the Las Vegas Invitational. Kutztown began the fall 2012 season ranked as the #1 team in college rugby sevens. Kutztown reached the semifinals of the 2013 Collegiate Rugby Championship, the highest profile competition in college rugby sevens, played at PPL Park in Philadelphia and broadcast live on NBC. Kutztown improved on their performance the following year, reaching the finals of the 2014 Collegiate Rugby Championship before losing to Cal 24–21. Kutztown has continued to see success in tournaments, including a national semifinals appearance in the 2019 Collegiate Rugby Championships, where they lost to eventual champion Lindenwood 30–12.
References
External links
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutztown%20Golden%20Bears
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is a Super Sentai Series V-Cinema movie which celebrates the 25th anniversary of the Super Sentai Series, released August 10, 2001. It features a team up of the protagonists of Hyakujuu Sentai Gaoranger with previous heroes of the Super Sentai Series over its twenty-five year history. This movie would be the inspiration for the Power Rangers Wild Force episode Forever Red.
Plot
When the Gaorangers engage in another battle with the Org Dukes Yabaiba and Tsue-Tsue, the two manage to summon the Lost Highness Rakushaasa, an Org Duke who can siphon the fighting spirit out of his opponents. Rakushaasa lends his power to Yabaiba and Tsue-Tsue, enabling them to defeat the Gaorangers. He then attacks and drains Gao Yellow (Gaku Washio), Gao Blue (Kai Samezu) and Gao Black (Sotaro Ushigome) of their battle spirits, leaving them in a state of near panic. Gao Red (Kakeru Shishi) quickly orders Gao White (Sae Taiga) to escort the other Gaorangers to safety as he continues to battle Rakushaasa alone.
Rakushaasa subjects Gao Red to several illusion-based battles with previously vanquished Org Dukes, attempting to drive him to despair. Meanwhile, the shaken Gaorangers are suddenly confronted by a wandering monk, who tells them of the existence of Super Sentai, teams of multi-colored warriors of whom the Gaorangers are the latest version. Each of the Gaorangers' G-Phones then scurries off, causing the Gaorangers to chase them.
The scurrying G-Phones lead each Gaoranger to a member of a previous Super Sentai team. Gaku is led to Yuusuke Amamiya, Red Falcon of Choujuu Sentai Liveman, who gives him a training lesson in swordsmanship and explains the Super Sentai's expertise with weaponry. Kai encounters Daimon Tatsumi, Go Yellow of Kyuukyuu Sentai GoGoFive, who explains how each Sentai team develops fighting techniques. Sotaro is led to Gouki, Ginga Blue of Seijuu Sentai Gingaman, who teaches Gao Black about the Sentai use of physical strength. Sai meets Miku Imamura, Mega Pink of Denji Sentai Megaranger, who explains the strengths and abilities of female Super Sentai members.
The two women are then surprised by Yabaiba and Tsue-Tsue, but the two Org Dukes are then challenged by the wandering monk, who reveals himself to be Banba Soukichi, Big One of J.A.K.Q. Dengekitai. Banba and Miku help Sai rescue an exhausted Kakeru from Rakushaasa's clutches, and the heroes are quickly joined by the rejuvenated Gaorangers and their Super Sentai teachers.
As the former Super Sentai (led by Banba) engage and destroy Rakushaasa's hastily summoned force of Org Dukes, the Gaorangers battle and defeat Yabaiba, Tsue-Tsue and Rakushaasa. Rakushaasa then summons more power, growing to giant size and attacking the city. He easily defeats the Gaorangers' Gao Muscle, but is driven back by an onslaught unleashed from an array of transforming mecha and special vehicles from Super Sentai history. The Gaorangers then summon Gao King, which is then imbued with energy from past Super Sentai combined mecha forms. Gao King then unleashes a powerful blast that annihilates Rakushaasa's giant form.
But Rakushaasa is not destroyed; he rejuvenates himself by draining power from a fleeing Yabaiba and Tsue-Tsue and attacks the Super Sentai. The former Sentai explain that the Gaorangers need to summon Super Sentai Tamashii, the pure fighting spirit that imbues all of the teams. To help inspire them, Red Falcon summons 23 other Red Warriors from all the previous Super Sentai teams, from Akarenger of Himitsu Sentai Gorenger to Time Red of Mirai Sentai Timeranger. Their presence inspires the Gaorangers to summon Super Sentai Damashi from within themselves, which Kakeru uses to finally disintegrate Rakushaasa.
With Rakushaasa's defeat, all the former Super Sentai vanish. Returning to their home base, the Gaorangers find their mentor Tetomu in a faint; she vaguely remembers seeing Rakushaasa's appearing but quickly dismisses it as a bad dream. It's left to Gaoranger's narrator to assure the team (and the viewer) that the adventure was real.
Characters
New
: A hairy Org who happened to be the most powerful of the Highness Duke Orgs, but his immense power caused his horn to be damaged and sent him into a coma. He gathers energy by taking the fighting spirit of strong-willed warriors to fully heal his horn.
Past Super Sentai Members
Big One
: Disguised as a wandering monk, he helped the Gaorangers get over their despair and became the leader of the "Dream Sentai" team.
Hiroshi Miyauchi reprises his role as the leader of J.A.K.Q. Dengekitai.
Red Falcon
: 12 years later, Yusuke is found looking at the 4 graves of Takuji Yano, Rui Sanda, Mari Aikawa, and Kenji Tsukigata who were friends and/or allies of the Choujuu Sentai Liveman team. Yuusuke dueled Gaku Washio (Gao Yellow) in a sword fight and then lectured Gaku on the many sword-wielding warriors of the Super Sentai Series, and introduced the Gaorangers to the other 23 Red Senshi.
Daisuke Shima reprises his role as Red Falcon from Choujuu Sentai Liveman.
Mega Pink
: Found playing a video arcade game at Game Riribabita, she lectured Sae Taiga (Gao White) on many female senshi and their shared skill at changing their clothes in the blink of an eye, something that Sae had never done before.
Mami Higashiyama reprises her role as Mega Pink from Denji Sentai Megaranger.
Ginga Blue
: Still protecting the Ginga Forest, his element is water. He lectured Soutarou Ushigome (Gao Black) on the many strong warriors of the Super Sentai Series.
Shōei reprises his role as Ginga Blue from Seijuu Sentai Gingaman.
Go Yellow
: a street police officer, still obsessed with drinking milk. Daimon taught Kai Samezu (Gao Blue) how to perform his famous , which Kai eventually uses on Lost Highness Rakushaasa, and lectured Kai on the Super Sentai Series' technical warriors.
Kenji Shibata reprises his role as Go Yellow from Kyuukyuu Sentai GoGoFive.
The Red Warriors
In addition to Red Falcon, 23 Red Rangers, representing the history of Super Sentai, are summoned to aid the Gaorangers. They do not unmask, but perform their "roll call" poses (an assortment of clips from previous Super Sentai shows, in some cases including the music from the original clip). In order of appearance, and excluding Red Falcon and Gao Red, they are:
Himitsu Sentai Gorenger (1975-1977): Akarenger
J.A.K.Q. Dengekitai (1977): Spade Ace
Battle Fever J (1979-1980): Battle Japan
Denshi Sentai Denziman (1980-1981): Denzi Red
Taiyo Sentai Sun Vulcan (1981-1982): Vul Eagle
Dai Sentai Goggle V (1982-1983): Goggle Red
Kagaku Sentai Dynaman (1983-1984): Dyna Red
Choudenshi Bioman (1984-1985): Red One
Dengeki Sentai Changeman (1985-1986): Change Dragon
Choushinsei Flashman (1986-1987): Red Flash
Hikari Sentai Maskman (1987-1988): Red Mask
Kousoku Sentai Turboranger (1989-1990): Red Turbo
Chikyuu Sentai Fiveman (1990-1991): Five Red
Choujin Sentai Jetman (1991-1992): Red Hawk
Kyōryū Sentai Zyuranger (1992-1993): Tyranno Ranger
Gosei Sentai Dairanger (1993-1994): Ryu Ranger
Ninja Sentai Kakuranger (1994-1995): Ninja Red
Chouriki Sentai Ohranger (1995-1996): Oh Red
Gekisou Sentai Carranger (1996-1997): Red Racer
Denji Sentai Megaranger (1997-1998): Mega Red
Seijuu Sentai Gingaman (1998-1999): Ginga Red
Kyuukyuu Sentai GoGoFive (1999-2000): Go Red
Mirai Sentai Timeranger (2000-2001): Time Red
See also
Super Sentai
Forever Red
GoGo Sentai Boukenger vs. Super Sentai
Gokaiger Goseiger Super Sentai 199 Hero Great Battle
Super Sentai World
2000s Super Sentai films
Crossover tokusatsu films
2000s Japanese-language films
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyakujuu%20Sentai%20Gaoranger%20vs.%20Super%20Sentai
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Qualifying industrial zones (QIZs) are industrial parks that house manufacturing operations in Jordan and Egypt. The QIZ program was introduced in 1996 by the U.S. Congress to stimulate regional economic cooperation.
Goods produced in QIZ-designated areas in Egypt, Jordan and the Palestinian territories can directly access U.S. markets without tariff or quota restrictions, subject to certain conditions. To qualify, goods produced in these zones must contain a small portion of Israeli input. In addition, a minimum 35% value to the goods must be added to the finished product. The idea was first proposed by Jordanian businessman Omar Salah in 1994.
The first QIZ, Al-Hassan Industrial Estate in Irbid in northern Jordan, was authorized to export Stateside by the U.S. Trade Representative in March 1998. , there are 13 QIZs in Jordan and 15 in Egypt, exporting $1 billion in goods to the United States. Administratively, QIZs differ from free-trade zones in that free-trade zones operate in one country while QIZs have operations in two countries (Egypt or Jordan jointly with Israel) and are under the jurisdiction of their host countries in addition to U.S. oversight.
History
The concept behind a qualifying industrial zone is credited to Omar Salah, a Jordanian businessman. In 1993, in anticipation of the Israel–Jordan peace treaty, Salah traveled to Israel with the intention of doing business with Israeli businessmen. He was also interested in business ventures that could take advantage of the eight-year-old free trade agreement between the United States and Israel that allowed Israeli goods to enter the US markets duty-free. After the treaty was signed in 1994, a business venture was struck between Salah and Delta Galil, where labor was transferred to Irbid in northern Jordan, to take advantage of low labor costs that were forty to seventy percent lower than in Israel. Salah had envisioned that by exploiting Israeli resources such as labor, finances, and contacts, and then leveraging it to produce value-added goods, the economy of Jordan would be benefited. In addition, he surmised that economic cooperation between the two nations would help foster peace in the region.
Salah set up a public share-holding company, Century Investments. Many Jordanian organizations criticized Salah for doing business with Israel and boycotted the purchase of output in Jordan. Despite the heavy criticism, Salah nevertheless received tacit support from King Abdullah of Jordan. To combat the boycott, Salah began to work with multinationals with a larger international stake. He then actively lobbied the Jordanian government to set negotiate a free trade agreement with the United States on the lines of the United States-Israel Free Trade Area Implementation Act of 1985. Faced with little enthusiasm by the Jordanian government, Salah scrutinized the Presidential Proclamation (No. 6955) that was part of the Palestinian agreement signed between the Palestine Liberation Organization and Israel in 1993. In the agreement, the areas on the border between Israel and Jordan were designated as "qualifying industrial zones", and goods produced here would not have tariff and quota restrictions to the US markets. Since the Hassan industrial estate in Irbid, where Salah had factories located, was situated far from the bordering areas, it did not qualify for QIZ status.
Salah then lobbied the Jordanian government to extend these regions into other parts of Jordan. Government officials were lukewarm to the idea and told him that it would be "naive to assume" that the United States would give Jordan this status. Unfazed by this response, Salah traveled to the United States and lobbied hard with the US State Department, the White House, and the US Trade Representative that it was in US interests to extend the QIZ into Jordan's interiors. Lawyers in the United States then told Salah that even if a small portion of Israeli territory was associated with a QIZ, the proposal might materialize. Soon, USTR officials began to travel to Jordan to work on the deal.
Finally, in 1997, an agreement was signed at the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) conference at Doha that established a QIZ agreement with Jordan. On 6 March 1998, the Al-Hassan Zone in Irbid was designated the first QIZ in Jordan.
After the setting up of the first QIZ, few Jordanian companies took advantage of QIZ benefits due to the general hostility in doing business with Israel. Instead, Chinese and Indian companies quickly took advantage of the vacuum to set up business establishments. The lack of local enthusiasm was criticized by the Jordan Times for missing the "golden opportunity". Gradually though, more Jordanian businesses began to set up business establishments as political hostilities began to be overshadowed by business economics. Soon after 1998, an additional twelve sites were given QIZ status by USTR.
Positive results from the Jordanian QIZ led to the Government of Egypt negotiating a separate QIZ protocol with the United States in Cairo on 24 December 2004. The protocol came into effect in February 2005.
Regulations
Under the agreement (P.L. 104–234) requires that articles eligible for QIZ status must be manufactured in or directly imported from the areas administered by the Palestine Authority or another designated QIZ and meet the several conditions.
To quality for this scheme a product must be substantially transformed in the manufacturing process. Material and processing costs incurred in a QIZ must total not less than 35% of the appraised value of the product when imported into the United States. Of this 35%, 15% must be either US materials or materials from Israel, and/or Jordan or Egypt depending on the program. The remaining 20% of the 35% input must come from Israel and Jordan or Egypt. The remaining 65% can come from any part of the world. All importers must also certify that the article meet conditions for duty exemption.
Under the sharing agreements, the manufacturer from the Jordanian side must contribute at least 11.7% of the final produce, and the manufacturer on the Israeli side must contribute 8% (7% on high-tech products). Under the Israeli-Egyptian agreement, 11.7% of the inputs must be made in Israel.
The clothing and textile industry has benefited most from this arrangement. As tariffs on these goods into the United States are relatively high, exporters have used the duty-free benefits of QIZs to gain quick access to markets in the United States.
Jordan
On 6 March 1998, the United States Trade Representative (USTR) designated the Al-Hassan Industrial Estate in the northern city of Irbid as the first QIZ. Since then, an addition twelve QIZs have been also designated across the country.
Some of the QIZs in Jordan are:
Al-Hassan Industrial Estate
Al-Hussein Ibn Abdullah II Industrial Estate
Jordan Industrial Estate Corporation
Jordan Cyber City
Al-Tajamouat Industrial Estate
Gateway QIZ
Aqaba Industrial Estate
Ad-Dulayl Industrial Park
El-Zai Ready-wear Manufacturing Company
Jordan has seen a substantial economic growth since the QIZ were set up. Exports from Jordan to the United States grew from US$15 million to over US$1 billion in 2004. Government sources have estimated that over 40,000 jobs have been created with the set up of QIZs. Investment is currently valued at US$85–100 million and expected to grow to $180 to $200 million. The success of QIZ have led to the United States and Jordan signing a Free Trade Agreement in 2001 that was approved by the US Congress.
Between 1998 and 2005 Jordan moved up from the United States' thirteenth to eight largest trading partner among the 20 Middle-East-North African (MENA) entities. In 2005, US exports to and imports from Jordan totalled an estimated $1.9 billion: U.S. exports, at an estimated $646 million, were 1.8 times their 1998 level; US imports, at $1.3 billion, were 80 times their 1998 level. Despite the 2001 FTA between the United States and Jordan, 75% of Jordanian
articles enter the United States through the QIZ program.
The apparel industry dominates both Jordan's QIZs and total exports to the United States, accounting for 99.9% of all QIZ exports and 86% of all Jordanian exports to the United States. The reason for this dominance is that QIZ products enter the United States free of duty, whereas, under the US–Jordan FTA, tariffs will not be eliminated until the end of the ten-year phase-in period, in 2011.
Egypt
After the WTO phased out quantitative quotas on textile in 2004 under the Agreement on Textile and Clothing(ATC). Egyptian textile and garment producers feared that their industry would be threatened by global competition from China and India. The flood of similar articles from these two nations to the United States could edge out Egyptian exports, and possibly result in the loss of 150,000 job opportunities. This was estimated to cost some of the $3.2 billion in US foreign direct investment in Egypt. Further, Egypt was in search of sources for increased economic growth and trade to provide jobs for its rapidly growing labor force.
Positive results from the Jordanian led to the Government of Egypt negotiating a QIZ protocol in Cairo on 24 December 2004 that came into effect in February 2005. USTR has designated three QIZs in Egypt – the Greater Cairo Zone, the Alexandria Zone, and the Suez Canal Zone (69 CFR 78094). On 4 November 2005, the USTR designated a fourth zone in the Central Delta region and expanded the Greater Cairo and Suez Canal zones.
The protocol signed between the two nations is a non-reciprocal arrangement and is expected to be a step towards the establishment of a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between the two countries. However negotiations toward a US–Egyptian free trade agreement have recently been suspended over human rights issues.
The results have been positive. Israeli exports to Egypt rose over 30% from US$29 million in 2004 to US$93.2 million and exceeded US$125 million in 2006. ten QIZs have been set up in Egypt. Some estimate that approximately 20% of companies based in QIZs are wholly owned by
Jordanians.
Social impact
Although most experts note that companies based in QIZs hire foreign laborers, thousands of Jordanians, particularly women from the rural countryside, have found jobs at garment factories in QIZs. In a traditional society such as Jordan, many of these women had little previous work experience and were largely caretakers of their home. Despite the low wages paid by apparel factories in the QIZs, some women have been able to support their families. However, traditional attitudes toward a woman's place in the home persist, and many families continue to prohibit female members from working in QIZs. (See Women in Jordan) In response, the Jordanian Ministry of Labor has worked to ease the adjustment of women moving from the home to a new job by providing free transportation to work, subsidizing the cost of food in QIZs, paying for dormitories near factories to cut commuting times and providing childcare. The long-term effect of female employment in QIZs are yet to be quantified, and there is some concern that over time, Jordanian women may have difficulty in achieving higher wages in a global economy where apparel manufacturers can easily relocate to cheaper labor markets.
When the QIZ program came into being in 1996, observers regarded it as a vehicle to support the development of peaceful relations and normalization of commercial ties between Israel and the two Arab states (Jordan and Egypt) with which it had signed peace treaties. In both cases, however, a tenuous “cold peace” continues to prevail between Israel and the two Arab states. Since the conclusion of the Jordan–Israel peace treaty in October 1994, large numbers of Jordanians, particularly fundamentalists, those of Palestinian origin, and members of the professional unions continue to oppose normalization with Israel and resist the expansion of commercial relations. With the establishment of 13 QIZs in Jordan, there has been an increase in the volume of bilateral trade, though the overall totals remain modest.
Criticisms
By far the biggest international criticism of QIZs in Jordan is the humanitarian crisis within the factories. A comprehensive report by the Institute for Global Labour and Human Rights found that Sri Lankan migrant workers were subject to "routine sexual abuse and rape."
The United States Trade Representative (USTR) designation of 13 factories throughout Jordan (under the US-Jordan Free Trade Agreement) has led to disastrous realities, gender inequality and gender based violence:
"There are over 30,000 poor, mostly young women, foreign guest workers toiling in Jordan‘s largely foreign-owned garment factories sewing clothing for export to the United States. Under the Free Trade Agreement, those garments enter the U.S. duty-free.
"The guest workers are from Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, India, China, Nepal and Egypt. They earn less than three-quarters the wage of Jordanian garment workers, who account for only 15 to 25 percent of the total garment workforce. Jordanians earn $1.02 an hour while the foreign guest workers take home 74½ cents an hour. The Jordanians work eight hours a day, while the guest workers toil an average of 12 hours a day."
See also
Special Economic Zones
Jordan–United States relations
References
External links
Qualifying Industrial Zones in Jordan and Egypt
Special economic zones
Economy of Jordan
Economy of Egypt
Economy of Israel
Economy of the Arab League
Egypt–Jordan relations
Industry in Egypt
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qualifying%20industrial%20zone
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Manuel María Caballero Province is one of the fifteen provinces of the Bolivian Santa Cruz Department and is situated in the department's western parts. The province name honors deputy Manuel María Caballero from Vallegrande, one of the signatories of the Bolivian constitution (Constitución política) of 5 August 1861.
Location
Manuel María Caballero Province is located between 17° 26' and 18° 15' South and between 64° 07' and 64° 50' West. It extends over 90 km from North to South, and 75 km from West to East.
The province is situated on the western edge of the Bolivian lowlands and borders Cochabamba Department in the West, Vallegrande Province in the South, Florida Province in the East, and Ichilo Province in the Northeast.
Population
The population of Manuel María Caballero Province has increased by circa 35% over the recent two decades:
1992: 16,074 inhabitants (census)
2001: 20,562 inhabitants (census)
2005: 21,517 inhabitants (est.)
2010: 22,916 inhabitants (est.)
20.0% of the population is urban population. (1992)
44.9% of the population are younger than 15 years old. (1992)
95.4% of the population speak Spanish, 43.8% speak Quechua, and 1.6 speak Aymara. (1992)
70.1% of the population have no access to electricity, 70.8% have no sanitary facilities. (1992)
90.1% of the population are Catholics, 8.4% are Protestants. (1992)
Division
The province comprises two municipios:
Comarapa Municipality – 14,660 inhabitants (2001)
Saipina Municipality – 5,350 inhabitants (2001)
References
External links
General map of province
Detailed map of province towns and rivers
Population data (Spanish)
Social data (Spanish)
Provinces of Santa Cruz Department (Bolivia)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel%20Mar%C3%ADa%20Caballero%20Province
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Jalan Kota Perdana, Federal Route 2486, is a federal road in Pahang, Malaysia.
At most sections, the Federal Route 2486 was built under the JKR R5 road standard, allowing maximum speed limit of up to 90 km/h.
List of junctions
Malaysian Federal Roads
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jalan%20Kota%20Perdana
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Augustin Senghor is a Senegalese politician. A member of the Rally of the Ecologists of Senegal, he became the mayor of Gorée in 2002, prominently featuring anti-erosion measures in his platform.
Senghor is also the president of the US Gorée football club. In 2009, he was elected as president of the Senegal Football Association. Senghor drew 174 votes, compared to 130 for runner-up El Hadji Malick Gackou, and 26 for third candidate Oumar Diop.
References
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Mayors of places in Senegal
Rally of the Ecologists of Senegal politicians
Members of the CAF Executive Committee
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augustin%20Senghor
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Clounmacon are a Gaelic football team in north County Kerry in Ireland. They play in Division 5 of the county league. Clounmacon players also participate in the Kerry Senior Football Championship with the divisional side Feale Rangers.
History
The club was founded in 1898. Clounmacon played Ballylongford on 29 October in their first game. The final score was Clounmacon 0–6, Ballylongford 1–2. The club won its only North Kerry Senior Football Championship in 1954 when they beat Tarbert in the final, they made the finals in 1955 and 1957 but lost to Duagh and Listowel Emmets.
Honours
North Kerry Senior Football Championship 1: 1954
References
External links
Official Clounmacon GAA Club website
Gaelic football clubs in County Kerry
Gaelic games clubs in County Kerry
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clounmacon%20GAA
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Finswimming at the 2007 Asian Indoor Games was held in Macau Olympic Aquatic Centre, Macau, China from 27 October to 28 October 2007. The competition included only surface events.
Medalists
Men
Women
Medal table
Results
Men
50 m
27 October
100 m
27 October
200 m
28 October
4 × 100 m relay
28 October
Women
50 m
27 October
100 m
27 October
200 m
28 October
4 × 100 m relay
28 October
References
2007 Asian Indoor Games official website
2007 Asian Indoor Games events
Asian Indoor Games
Finswimming at multi-sport events
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finswimming%20at%20the%202007%20Asian%20Indoor%20Games
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Mascoma Corporation was a U.S. biofuel company founded to produce cellulosic ethanol made from wood and switchgrass. Headquartered in Lebanon, New Hampshire, the company was founded in 2005 by Robert Johnsen (CEO), Lee Lynd and Charles Wyman, two professors from Dartmouth College. The company was named after Mascoma Lake, which is near Lebanon. In November 2014, the yeast-related business assets including the Mascoma name were purchased by Lallemand, Inc. of Montreal, Canada. The R&D facility in Lebanon, NH was renamed Mascoma LLC which is now a subsidiary of Lallemand. The remaining business assets of the former Mascoma Corp. including the thermophilic bacteria technology, pilot plant in Rome, NY, and former headquarters in Waltham, MA were renamed Enchi Corporation.
Start-up
The company was first financed by Flagship Ventures and Khosla Ventures in 2006. Also in 2006, the company raised attracted additional attention with two private financing rounds led by General Catalyst Partners that raised $34 million and through its acquisition of Celsys BioFuels Inc. of Indianapolis. Also in 2007, it received a US$14.8 million grant from two government agencies—the New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets and the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority—for the creation of a plant in Rochester, New York, that would demonstrate the biomass-to-ethanol process.
Partnerships
In September 2007, Mascoma announced plans to partner with the University of Tennessee to build the first U.S. plant for the commercial production of switchgrass-based ethanol. In June 2008, however, the projected plant failed to meet its anticipated funding levels, and Mascoma withdrew from the partnership. Instead, it took on the role as technical adviser.
In May 2008, the company entered a partnership with General Motors to develop cellulosic ethanol based on Mascoma's formula that enables the biochemical conversion of nongrain biomass into low-carbon biofuel. In the same month, Mascoma received a $10 million investment from the Houston-based oil and gas company Marathon Oil.
In October 2008, the U.S. Department of Energy gave the company a $26 million grant to develop a cellulosic fuel production facility. In the same month, the state government of Michigan gave the company a $23.5 million grant to bring that proposed facility to Chippewa County, Michigan.
Facilities
On April 14, 2009, Mascoma Corp. announced plans to move its corporate headquarters from Boston to a new research laboratory in New Hampshire. The move would consolidate most of Mascoma's operations, which, until now, have been divided among Boston; a demonstration facility in Rome, New York; a Process and Development laboratory in Woburn, Massachusetts; and a lab in Lebanon, New Hampshire, where many of the company's employees already are based. Researchers in Lebanon are working to convert plant material such as wood chips and corn stover into biofuel.
Technological breakthrough
On May 7, 2009, the company announced a major technological breakthrough in the field of consolidated bioprocessing by utilizing a low-cost strategy for processing of biofuels from cellulosic biomass, which enables high yield of ethanol and cellulase in single step without the costly, separate usage of the cellulase enzyme.
Other biofuel companies (such as Gate Fuels Qteros) also claim to have developed a one-step process to produce ethanol or value-added chemicals from plant material.
Technology Commercialization and Partnership with Lallemand
On January 11, 2012, the company announced that it was launching Mascoma Grain Technology, or MGT, the first commercial application of the company's proprietary technology platform. The MGT product is a genetically-modified yeast which produces enzymes and improves ethanol production in the corn-based fuel ethanol production process. At that time the company announced that it had entered into a multi-year exclusive partnership with Lallemand Specialties, Inc. to manufacture and distribute the MGT product in North America. On September 24, 2013, Mascoma Corporation announced that its MGT yeast products TransFerm and TransFerm Yield+ had been used to produce over 2 billion gallons of renewable fuel. At that time, the company announced its updated commercial strategy focusing on deployment of its microorganisms to a broad spectrum of biofuel and biochemical applications.
Acquisition by Lallemand
On November 4, 2014, Mascoma Corporation announced that it had completed the sale of its yeast business to Lallemand, Inc. As part of the transaction, Lallemand acquired the Mascoma name and trademarks, all of its proprietary and patented yeast strains and associated technologies, as well as its entire research and development team located at its facility in Lebanon, NH.
New Yeast for Cellulosic Ethanol
On June 3, 2015, Mascoma LLC and the U.S. U.S. Department of Energy's BioEnergy Science Center announced development of a new strain of yeast developed by Mascoma and BESC for cellulosic ethanol production. The product, named C5 FUEL, is a yeast capable of converting xylose into ethanol. Xylose is a sugar found in cellulosic biomass that can not be fermented by conventional ethanol-fermenting yeast.
References
External links
Mascoma Corporation
“From a strange brew, cheaper fuel,” Boston Globe, November 2, 2008
Alcohol fuel producers
Energy companies established in 2005
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mascoma%20Corporation
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The 2005 ASP World Tour is a professional competitive surfing league. It is run by the Association of Surfing Professionals.
Men's World Tour
Tournaments
Source
Final standings
Source
Women's World Tour
Tournaments
Source
| (*)denotes event wildcard
Final standings
Source
External links
Official Site
World Surf League
ASP World Tour
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005%20ASP%20World%20Tour
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Addie Jenne (previously Addie Jenne Russell) is the former New York State Democratic Assemblywoman for the 118th/116th district from 2009 to 2019. The district was known as the 118th district when Jenne was elected in 2008, but was re-numbered during her tenure in office, in the 2012 New York legislative redistricting. The district is known as "The River District" for its place on the St. Lawrence river, and it covers parts of Jefferson and St. Lawrence counties, including Watertown and Potsdam.
One of five siblings, Jenne's family has lived in New York State's North Country for seven generations; her father was a mechanic. She was a member of the Jefferson County Board of Legislators, a seat which became vacant with her election to the assembly. She earned her B.A. degree from SUNY Albany and her J.D. from Syracuse University College of Law. She was defeated for reelection in 2018 by Republican Mark Walczyk.
References
Living people
Democratic Party members of the New York State Assembly
Women state legislators in New York (state)
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
Syracuse University College of Law alumni
21st-century American politicians
21st-century American women politicians
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addie%20Jenne
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Lars Ketil Strand (11 May 1924 – 12 March 2020) was a Norwegian forester.
He was born in Kristiania in May 1924. He took the Dr. Agric. degree in 1959, and worked at the Norwegian Forest Research Institute from 1965. He was then a professor at the Norwegian College of Agriculture from 1968 to 1990. He served as rector there from 1971 to 1977. He also has an honorary degree from the University of Helsinki. He died in March 2020 at the age of 95.
References
1924 births
2020 deaths
Forestry academics
Academic staff of the Norwegian College of Agriculture
Norwegian foresters
Scientists from Oslo
Rectors of the Norwegian University of Life Sciences
20th-century Norwegian botanists
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lars%20Ketil%20Strand
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Milton is a hamlet in Nottinghamshire. It is part of West Markham civil parish, a short distance northwest of West Markham and southwest of Sibthorpe.
Mausoleum
The mausoleum at Milton was designed by Robert Smirke and built in 1831–2. It was intended as a tomb for the Duchess of Newcastle who died in 1822. In 1896, Cornelius Brown wrote of the mausoleum:
Here is the vault of the noble family of Clinton; and herein the two last Dukes of Newcastle were interred. The church contains a monument to the fourth Duke, and opposite to it is a beautiful piece of statuary to the memory of his Duchess, by Westmacott. The inscription states that her Grace "gave birth to fourteen children, ten of whom lived to deplore the bereavement of an incomparable mother. Of the others, Anne Maria preceded her by a few months, and it is humbly hoped led the way to regions of eternal bliss. Two infants were carried by their parent to the grave."
It became the parish church of West Markham in 1833, replacing the old church until the 20th century, when the old church was restored and became the parish church again, and the church at Milton was no longer used. Since 1972 it has been cared for by the Churches Conservation Trust.
"This church is cared for by The Churches Conservation Trust. Although no longer needed for regular worship, it remains a consecrated building, a part of England's history, maintained for the benefit of this and future generations."
(from the plaque by the door of the building)
References
External links
Bassetlaw District
Villages in Nottinghamshire
Churches preserved by the Churches Conservation Trust
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milton%2C%20Nottinghamshire
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Baltinglass GAA Club is a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in Baltinglass, County Wicklow, Ireland. The main sport is Gaelic football. The club participates in male and female competitions from under 8 through to Adult ages run by the Wicklow GAA county board. The club's motto is 'Belief, Attitude, Loyalty, Trust, & Optimism', or BALTO for short.
History
Founded in 1887, First the club played under the name of Maurice Davins. The first success came in 1913 as Baltinglass Shamrocks, they won the delayed 1912 Wicklow Junior title. 1927 saw a Wicklow Senior Hurling title. In 1934 a meeting was held to re-establish the football club.
A minor title in 1940 was followed by a Junior title in 1943 and with this it was promoted to Intermediate ranks. More minor titles were won 1952, 53, 54 & 55. The current pitch was bought in 1957, but was not officially opened until the 1980s.
1958 saw Baltinglass win the Wicklow Senior title for the first time. Four titles in the sixties, four in the seventies, six in the eighties and five in the nineties. This included an eight in a row from 1987 to 1994. A Leinster title was won in 1989 and the All-Ireland in 1990. In total the club has won 23 Wicklow Senior Football titles the most recent in 2020.
The club has a main pitch with a covered seated stand and a training pitch, both of which are floodlit.
Honours
All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championships: (1) 1989-90
Leinster Senior Club Football Championships: (1) 1989
Wicklow Senior Football Championships: (23) 1958, 1963, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1971, 1972, 1976, 1979, 1980, 1982, 1985, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 2007, 2016,2020
Wicklow Senior Hurling Championship: (1) 1927
Notable players
John Flynn
Hugh Kenny
Kevin O'Brien
Notes and references
External links
Official site
Gaelic games clubs in County Wicklow
Gaelic football clubs in County Wicklow
1884 establishments in Ireland
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baltinglass%20GAA
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Lieutenant General Joshua Mahamadu Hamidu (1936 – 1 February 2021) was a Ghanaian soldier, politician and diplomat. He has been the Chief of Defence Staff and also member of the Supreme Military Council government. Prior to heading the military and being in government, he was the Ghanaian High Commissioner to Zambia. He was appointed National Security Advisor to the Kufuor government in 2001. He was the chairman of the Narcotics Control Board of Ghana and on various boards of the Bank of Ghana. In 2005, he was Ghana's High Commissioner to Nigeria.
Hamidu had been accused in some circles of being implicated in the killing of the King of Dagbon, the late Yaa-Naa, Yakubu II in March 2002. The Wuaku Commission which investigated the circumstances leading to the tragedy cleared him of any wrongdoing. He died on 1 February 2021 at the 37 Military Hospital in Accra.
References
1936 births
2021 deaths
Ghanaian royalty
Ghanaian soldiers
High Commissioners of Ghana to Zambia
High Commissioners of Ghana to Nigeria
People from Yendi
Dagbon royalty
Tamale Senior High School alumni
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joshua%20Hamidu
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is a Japanese cinematographer, known as DP of Koreeda's Maborosi.
Selected filmography
TV films
Ultra Seven (ウルトラセブン, 1967)
Silver Kamen (シルバー仮面, 1971–1972)
Ultraman Taro (ウルトラマンタロウ, 1973 - 1974)
Nami no Bon (波の盆, 1983)
Feature films
Utamaro's World (歌麿 夢と知りせば, 1977)
Teito Monogatari (帝都物語, 1988)
Ultra Q The Movie: Legend of the Stars (ウルトラQ ザ・ムービー 星の伝説, 1990)
Edogawa Rampo monogatari: Yaneura no sanpo sha (屋根裏の散歩者, 1992)
Maborosi (幻の光, 1995)
Falling Into the Evening (落下する夕方, 1998)
Murder on D Street (D坂の殺人事件, 1998)
Return of Happiness (すずらん, 2000)
Women in the Mirror (鏡の女たち, 2002)
Blessing Bell (幸福の鐘, 2002)
Summer of Ubume (姑獲鳥の夏, 2005)
Dead Run (疾走, 2005)
Hard Luck Hero (ハードラックヒーロー, 2005)
The Harimaya Bridge (The Harimaya Bridge はりまや橋, 2009)
External links
中堀正夫 - Japanese Movie Database (ja)
Japanese cinematographers
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masao%20Nakabori
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Oporto British School (OBS) is a British school established in 1894 in Foz do Douro, Porto, Portugal. It is the oldest British school in mainland Europe.
It is a private, day school for both boys and girls, aged 3 to 18, with 558 pupils on roll. It follows a British curriculum until the completion of the IGCSE.
Senior pupils then study the IB Diploma Programme and many go on to higher education in the UK, Portugal, and other locations around the world.
Accreditation
OBS received CIS Accreditation in 2005. It is a member of the European Council of International Schools, the Council of British International Schools.
Houses
OBS has three houses named after prominent royal houses:
House of Windsor
House of Braganza
House of Lancaster
History
The Oporto British School opened in 1894 with 11 boys, with the Rev WS Picken MA as the Master. The School house, in the Porto suburb Foz do Douro, was rented at the time but was purchased in 1922 and remains part of the school's facilities. Non-British boys were accepted in 1902, and girls in 1914. Pupil numbers remained small, and it was not until well after the Second World War that the roll exceeded 100.
Picken became Chaplain of St James' Church, Porto in 1899, and the chaplains of the church were headmasters of the school until 1939.
The school, founded as a Prep School, continued as such until the mid-1950s, when some pupils remained to take their GCE examinations. The early 1960s saw a further development in provision for Portuguese pupils, as the school ensured that, in addition to following an English curriculum, a parallel course in Portuguese was also followed.
Growing pupil numbers through the 1970s and into the 1980s meant that a significant building programme was required to provide the accommodation and facilities for in excess of 200 pupils. A curriculum for post-IGCSE pupils was developed in the early 1990s with the provision of courses leading to the award of the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme. By this time, the proportion of pupils from a Portuguese background exceeded that of all others, including British students. This trend continued, and there are in excess of 550 pupils in the school, 50% of whom are from Portuguese families, 10% are British, and 40% from other backgrounds.
Along with recent growth in pupils numbers has been significant curriculum and campus development. The school achieved fully accredited status by the Council of International Schools.
Leadership and management
The school is run by an elected board of governors (chairman of the board Nick Heath) and the Senior Leadership Team include: Headmaster: Nick Sellers, Head of Primary: Stacey Howard, Head of Secondary: Chris Payne, Head of Co-Curriculum and Accreditation Coordinator: Jonathan Bridges, and the Business Manager: Marta Luiz.
The school has a Student Council who represent the pupil body at public and ceremonial events.
The school has a Parent-Teacher Association (The President of the Parents Association is the Headmaster and the current Chair of the PTA is Neil Charles).
Location
The school is in the suburb of Foz do Douro in Rua da Cerca, Porto, Portugal.
Sports, initiatives and extra-curricular activities
Oporto British School has a range of sports. Traditionally, the main school sports have been football and basketball. The school's sport colours are blue and white. The school participates in school competitions annually and term-by-term.
The school received Green Flag status on 29 September 2009 for environmentally friendly practice.
The school participates in many national and international trips annually of sporting, charitable and cultural significance. These include:
IB CAS students participate in trips to help communities in Tanzania, India, Mozambique and São Tomé e Príncipe.
Model UN trips to Budapest, Belém, Lisbon, and Paris
Science trips to Sierra de Gredos
Multi-school sports festival (basketball & football) in Cascais, Lisbon and since 2022 Sports trips top Verona and a Ski trip to La Molina.
References
External links
Oporto British School
School Profile on IBO website
British international schools in Europe
Educational institutions established in 1894
International Baccalaureate schools in Portugal
International schools in Porto
1894 establishments in Portugal
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oporto%20British%20School
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Adult contemporary music (AC) is a form of radio-played popular music, ranging from 1960s vocal and 1970s soft rock music to predominantly ballad-heavy music of the 1980s to the present day, with varying degrees of easy listening, pop, soul, R&B, quiet storm and rock influence. Adult contemporary is generally a continuation of the easy listening and soft rock style that became popular in the 1960s and 1970s with some adjustments that reflect the evolution of pop/rock music.
Adult contemporary tends to have lush, soothing and highly polished qualities where emphasis on melody and harmonies is accentuated. It is usually melodic enough to get a listener's attention, abstains from profanity or complex lyricism, and is most commonly used as background music in heavily-frequented family areas such as supermarkets, shopping malls, convention centers, or restaurants. Like most of pop music, its songs tend to be written in a basic format employing a verse–chorus structure. The format is heavy on romantic sentimental ballads which mostly use acoustic instruments (though bass guitar is usually used) such as acoustic guitars, pianos, saxophones, and sometimes an orchestral set. The electric guitars are normally faint and high-pitched. However, recent adult contemporary music may feature synthesizers (and other electronics, such as drum machines).
An AC radio station may play mainstream music, but it usually excludes hip hop and some forms of dance-pop and teen pop, as these are less popular among adults, the target demographic. AC radio often targets the 25–44 age group, the demographic that has received the most attention from advertisers since the 1960s. A common practice in recent years of adult contemporary stations is to play less newer music and more hits of the past, even some songs that never even charted the AC charts. This de-emphasis on new songs slows the progression of the AC chart.
Over the years, AC has spawned subgenres including "hot AC" (also known as "modern AC"), "soft AC" (also known as "lite AC"), "urban AC" (a softer type of urban contemporary music), "rhythmic AC" (a softer type of rhythmic contemporary), and "Christian AC" (a softer type of contemporary Christian music). Some stations play only "hot AC", "soft AC", or only one of the variety of subgenres. Therefore, it is not usually considered a specific genre of music; it is merely an assemblage of selected songs from artists of many different genres.
History
1960s: Early roots; easy listening and soft rock
Adult contemporary traces its roots to the 1960s easy listening format, which adopted a 70—80% instrumental to 20–30% vocal mix. A few offered 90% instrumentals, and a handful were entirely instrumental. The easy listening format, as it was first known, was born of a desire by some radio stations in the late 1950s and early 1960s to continue playing current hit songs but distinguish themselves from being branded as "rock and roll" stations. Billboard first published the Easy Listening chart July 17, 1961, with 20 songs; the first number one was "Boll Weevil Song" by Brook Benton. The chart described itself as "not too far out in either direction".
Initially, the vocalists consisted of artists such as Frank Sinatra, Doris Day, Johnny Mathis, Connie Francis, Nat King Cole, Perry Como, and others. The custom recordings were usually instrumental versions of current or recent rock and roll or pop hit songs, a move intended to give the stations more mass appeal without selling out. Some stations would also occasionally play earlier big band-era recordings from the 1940s and early 1950s.
After 1965, differences between the Hot 100 chart and the Easy Listening chart became more pronounced. Better reflecting what middle of the road stations were actually playing, the composition of the chart changed dramatically. As rock music continued to harden, there was much less crossover between the Hot 100 and Easy Listening chart than there had been in the early half of the 1960s. Roger Miller, Barbra Streisand and Bobby Vinton were among the chart's most popular performers.
One big impetus for the development of the AC radio format was that, when rock and roll music first became popular in the mid-1950s, many more conservative radio stations wanted to continue to play current hit songs while shying away from rock. These middle of the road (or "MOR") stations also frequently included older, pre-rock-era adult standards and big band titles to further appeal to adult listeners who had grown up with those songs.
Another big impetus for the evolution of the AC radio format was the popularity of easy listening or "beautiful music" stations, stations with music specifically designed to be purely ambient. Whereas most easy listening music was instrumental, created by relatively unknown artists, and rarely purchased (especially as singles, although Jackie Gleason's beautiful music albums sold well in the 1950s), AC was an attempt to create a similar "lite" format by choosing certain tracks (both hit singles and album cuts) of popular artists.
1970s: Soft rock forms as a radio format
By the late 1960s hard rock had been established as one of the rock genres leading hard rock and soft rock to became distinct popular forms in the rock scene, and as major radio formats in the US. Soft rock was often derived from folk rock, using acoustic instruments and putting more emphasis on melody and harmonies. Major artists included Carole King, Cat Stevens, James Taylor and Bread.
In the early 1970s, softer songs by The Carpenters, Anne Murray, John Denver, Barry Manilow, and even Barbra Streisand, began to be played more often on "Top 40" radio. Top 40 radio stations played the Top 40 hits regardless of genre. As the texture of much of the music played on Top 40 radio began to soften, the Hot 100 and Easy Listening/AC charts became more similar. Easy Listening radio began playing songs by artists who had begun in other genres, such as rock and roll or R&B. Much of the music recorded by singer-songwriters such as Diana Ross, James Taylor, Carly Simon, Carole King and Janis Ian got as much, if not more, airplay on AC stations than on Top 40 stations. AC stations also began playing softer songs by Elvis Presley, Linda Ronstadt, Elton John, Rod Stewart, Billy Joel, and other rock-based artists. Soon after, the adult contemporary format began evolving into the sound that later defined it, with rock-oriented acts as Chicago and the Eagles, becoming associated with the format. In addition, several early disco songs, did well on the Adult Contemporary format.
Soft rock reached its commercial peak in the mid-to-late 1970s with acts such as Toto, England Dan & John Ford Coley, Air Supply, Seals and Crofts, Dan Fogelberg, America and the reformed Fleetwood Mac, whose Rumours (1977) was the best-selling album of the decade. By 1977, some radio stations, notably New York's WTFM and NBC-owned WYNY, and Boston's WEEI, had switched to an all-soft rock format. As Softrock 103, WEEI was famous for its promotional campaigns, featuring slogans such as "Joni, without the baloni." and "The Byrds, without the nyrds." However, different forms of popular music targeted to different demographic groups, such as disco vs. hard rock, began to emerge in the late-1970s. This led to specialized radio stations that played specific genres of music, and generally followed the evolution of artists in those genres.
1980s: Adult contemporary succeeds as radio format
On April 7, 1979, the Easy Listening chart officially became known as Adult Contemporary, and those two words have remained consistent in the name of the chart ever since. Adult contemporary music became one of the most popular radio formats of the 1980s. The growth of AC was a natural result of the generation that first listened to the more "specialized" music of the mid-late 1970s growing older and not being interested in the heavy metal and rap/hip-hop music that a new generation helped to play a significant role in the Top 40 charts by the end of the decade.
Mainstream AC itself has evolved in a similar fashion over the years; traditional AC artists such as Barbra Streisand, the Carpenters, Dionne Warwick, Barry Manilow, John Denver, and Olivia Newton-John found it harder to have major Top 40 hits as the 1980s wore on, and due to the influence of MTV, artists who were staples of the Contemporary Hit Radio format, such as Richard Marx, Michael Jackson, Bonnie Tyler, George Michael, Phil Collins, Laura Branigan and Journey began crossing over to the AC charts with greater frequency. Collins has been described by AllMusic as "one of the most successful pop and adult contemporary singers of the '80s and beyond". However, with the combination of MTV and AC radio, adult contemporary appeared harder to define as a genre, with established soft-rock artists of the past still charting pop hits and receiving airplay alongside mainstream radio fare from newer artists at the time.
The amount of crossover between the AC chart and the Hot 100 has varied based on how much the passing pop music trends of the times appealed to adult listeners. Not many disco or new wave songs were particularly successful on the AC chart during the late 1970s and early 1980s, and much of the hip-hop and harder rock music featured on CHR formats later in the decade would have been unacceptable on AC radio.
Although dance-oriented, electronic pop and ballad-oriented rock dominated the 1980s, soft rock songs still enjoyed a mild success thanks to Sheena Easton, Amy Grant, Lionel Richie, Christopher Cross, Dan Hill, Leo Sayer, Billy Ocean, Julio Iglesias, Bertie Higgins, and Tommy Page. No song spent more than six weeks at No. 1 on this chart during the 1980s, with nine songs accomplishing that feat. Two of these were by Lionel Richie, "You Are" in 1983 and "Hello" in 1984, which also reached No. 1 on the Hot 100.
In 1989, Linda Ronstadt released Cry Like a Rainstorm, Howl Like the Wind, described by critics as "the first true Adult Contemporary album of the decade", featuring American soul singer Aaron Neville on several of the twelve tracks. The album was certified Triple Platinum in the United States alone and became a major success throughout the globe. The Grammy Award-winning singles, "Don't Know Much" and "All My Life", were both long-running No. 1 Adult Contemporary hits. Several additional singles from the disc made the AC Top 10 as well. The album won over many critics in the need to define AC, and appeared to change the tolerance and acceptance of AC music into mainstream day to day radio play.
1990s: Subgenre formations/radio crossovers
The early 1990s marked the softening of urban R&B in the shape of new jack swing, at the same time alternative rock emerged and traditional pop saw a significant resurgence. This in part led to a widening of the market, not only allowing to cater to more niche markets, but it also became customary for artists to make AC-friendly singles. At the same time, the genre began adopting elements from hard rock as tastes were shifting towards louder music, while AC stations in general began playing more rock acts. "Softer" features such as light instrumental music (carried over from the beautiful music format—many AC stations carried the format until the early 1970s), new age songs and most pre-1964 artists were gradually phased out from AC radio throughout the early to mid-1990s.
Unlike the majority of 1980s mainstream singers, the 1990s mainstream pop/R&B singers such as All-4-One, Boyz II Men, Christina Aguilera, Backstreet Boys and Savage Garden generally crossed over to the AC charts. Latin pop artists such as Lynda Thomas, Ricky Martin, Marc Anthony, Selena, Enrique Iglesias and Luis Miguel also enjoyed success in the AC charts.
In addition to Celine Dion, who has had significant success on this chart, other artists with multiple number ones on the AC chart in the 1990s include Mariah Carey, Phil Collins, Michael Bolton, Bryan Adams, Whitney Houston and Shania Twain. Newer female Adult album alternative singer-songwriters such as Sarah McLachlan, Natalie Merchant, Jewel, Melissa Etheridge and Sheryl Crow also broke through on the AC chart during this time.
In 1996, Billboard created a new chart called Adult Top 40, which reflects programming on radio stations that exists somewhere between "adult contemporary" music and "pop" music. Although they are sometimes mistaken for each other, the Adult Contemporary chart and the Adult Top 40 chart are separate charts, and songs reaching one chart might not reach the other. In addition, hot AC is another subgenre of radio programming that is distinct from the Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks chart as it exists today, despite the apparent similarity in name.
In response to the pressure on Hot AC, a new kind of AC format cropped up among American radio recently. The urban adult contemporary format (a term coined by Barry Mayo) usually attracts a large number of African Americans and sometimes Caucasian listeners through playing a great deal of R&B (without any form of rapping), gospel music, classic soul and dance music (including disco).
Another format, rhythmic AC, in addition to playing all the popular hot and soft AC music, past and present, places a heavy emphasis on disco as well as 1980s and 1990s dance hits, such as those by Amber, and Black Box, and includes dance remixes of pop songs, such as the Soul Solution mix of Toni Braxton's "Unbreak My Heart".
In its early years of existence, the smooth jazz format was considered to be a form of AC, although it was mainly instrumental, and related a stronger resemblance to the soft AC-styled music. For many years, George Benson, Kenny G and Dave Koz had all had crossover hits that were played on both smooth jazz and soft AC stations.
2000s–present: AC music goes mainstream and mainstream music goes AC
During the 2000s, the AC market gained an increased presence in the music industry, as its radio formats were popular nationwide—Smooth jazz and "Urban AC" stations were ubiquitous in the East Coast, while Soft rock and "adult standards" stations were common in the Midwest, and pop-oriented "Hot AC" and "world music"/Hispanic AC stations were easily found in the West Coast and the "Sun Belt". This led to the presence of numerous genres on the AC charts, often crossing to the "pop" charts, winning over many critics in the need to define AC, and increased the tolerance and acceptance of AC music into mainstream day-to-day radio play.
Josh Groban's single "You Raise Me Up" and Michael Bublé's cover of "Fever" are often cited as key examples of the high production values and ballad-heavy sound that defined 2000s-era AC, often dubbed as "jazz-pop", heavily carrying classical, jazz and traditional pop influences. Artists such as Nick Lachey, James Blunt, Jamie Cullum, John Mayer, Jason Mraz, Norah Jones, Diana Krall, Amy Winehouse and Susan Boyle also achieved great success during this period. During most of the 2000s, country music/countrypolitan musicians such as Kelly Clarkson, Clay Aiken, Billy Joel, Garth Brooks, Shania Twain, LeAnn Rimes and Carrie Underwood scored hits on soft AC, particularly in Southern states. A popular trend in the late 1990s and 2000s was remixing dance music hits into adult contemporary ballads, especially in the US, (for example, the "Candlelight Mix" versions of "Heaven" by DJ Sammy, "Listen To Your Heart" by D.H.T., and "Everytime We Touch" by Cascada).
Key to the success of AC in the 2000s was the 25–34 demographic which had outgrown the pop music offerings of the time, most new rock became too alternative and harsh for AC radio and most new pop was now influenced heavily by dance-pop, hip-hop and electronic dance music. At the same time, the music industry also began to focus on older audiences and markets generally considered "niche".
During the late 2000s, certain pop songs began entering the AC charts instead, generally after having recently fallen off the Hot 100. Adrian Moreira, senior vice president for adult music for RCA Music Group, said, "We've seen a fairly tidal shift in what AC will play". Rather than emphasizing older songs, adult contemporary now began playing many of the same songs as top 40 and adult top 40, but only after the hits had become established. An article on MTV's website by Corey Moss describes this trend as: "In other words, AC stations are where pop songs go to die a very long death. Or, to optimists, to get a second life." As adult contemporary has long characterized itself as family-friendly, "clean" versions of pop songs began appearing on the AC chart, as were the cases of "Perfect" by P!nk, and "Forget You" by Cee Lo Green, both in 2011.
AC radio's shift into more mainstream pop was a result of the changes on the broadcasting landscape following the 2005–2007 economic downturn and eventual recession, as advertisers preferred more profitable chart-based formats, which meant the demise of many AC-based formulas, primarily those aimed at older audiences, with tastes changing towards more modern music among all age groups. Diminishing physical record sales throughout the 2010s also proved a major blow to the AC genre, and there are concerns that the portable people meter, a device being used to determine radio listenership, may be incompatible with AC songs and may not accurately pick up that a person is listening to an AC station because of the pitches and frequencies used in the style.
Key AC artists of the early to mid-2010s included Bruno Mars, Coldplay, Adele, Arcade Fire, Meghan Trainor, Maroon 5 and Ed Sheeran, featuring a more pop-influenced, uptempo style than the typical AC fare of previous years, also featuring production values reminiscent of the Motown sound and the so-called Wall of Sound that dominated the soul-heavy pop charts of the early 1960s, when the Easy Listening chart was first introduced. The earlier years of the decade also saw alternative and indie rock acts such as Wilco, Feist, The 1975, Imagine Dragons, Mumford & Sons, Of Monsters and Men and The Lumineers quickly becoming AC mainstays, although these were eventually replaced by rhythm-based rock bands such as Panic! at the Disco, Neon Trees, X Ambassadors, Sheppard, Bastille, American Authors, Fitz and the Tantrums, Foster the People, Twenty One Pilots, Walk the Moon and Milky Chance.
During the middle of the decade, newer artists such as CeeLo Green, OneRepublic, Rachel Platten, Christina Perri, Andy Grammer, James Bay, Sara Bareilles, Shawn Mendes, Sia, Sam Smith, Gavin Degraw, Charlie Puth and Colbie Caillat as well as acts that were popular in the 1990s and early 2000s such as Britney Spears and Christina Aguilera were added to the rotation of most AC stations.
As trap music and similar styles of hip-hop began dominating top 40 stations during the last years of the 2010s, AC stations began picking up rhythmic artists like Rihanna, Lady Gaga, Ellie Goulding, Taio Cruz and Pitbull as well as EDM artists like Avicii, Daft Punk, Calvin Harris, David Guetta and Tiesto. Meanwhile, younger artists like Camila Cabello, Justin Bieber, Selena Gomez, Ariana Grande, Nick Jonas and the Jonas Brothers and Halsey began to be featured on AC stations more than on top 40 stations.
Adult contemporary formats
In radio broadcasting, adult contemporary is divided into several sub-formats, each with their own musical direction and demographic targeting. Hot adult contemporary formats generally feature an uptempo rotation of recent hits that appeal to a wide adult audience. A station formatted as "adult contemporary" with no qualifier, also referred to as "mainstream adult contemporary", generally has a similar playlist to hot AC stations, but with a broader rotation of classic hits from past decades.
Soft adult contemporary formats have a more conservative sound oriented primarily towards adult women, urban AC focuses on R&B and soul music that appeal to African American adults, and rhythmic AC focuses on dance music and other rhythmic genres.
Hot adult contemporary
Hot adult contemporary (hot AC) radio stations play a wide range of the present day's popular music that appeals towards the 18–54 age group; it serves as a middle ground between the youth-oriented contemporary hit radio (CHR) format, and adult contemporary formats (such as "mainstream" and soft AC) that are typically targeted towards a more mature demographic. They generally feature uptempo hit music with wide appeal, such as pop and pop rock songs, while excluding more youth-oriented music such as hip-hop. Recurrents usually reflect familiar and youthful music that adults had grown up with. Likewise, mature material from pop acts such as the Backstreet Boys, Jason Mraz, John Mayer, and Pink have also been prominent within the format.
The "hot AC" designation began to appear in the 1990s; the term described adult contemporary stations with a more energetic presentation and uptempo sound than their softer counterparts. An early example of the format, Houston's KHMX Mix 96.5, climbed from 14th place in the market to third in the six months after its launch. The station's format and branding was widely replicated by other stations. Many hot AC outlets are among the top stations in their respective market.
Initially focused more on pop rock, the format has evolved to reflect changes in the composition of this audience; by the mid-2000s, the format had evolved to include more uptempo pop music, while alternative and indie rock crossovers (such as Foster the People, Imagine Dragons, Lovelytheband, and Twenty One Pilots) became more prevalent within the format during the 2010s.
These developments helped to expand the popularity of the format among younger listeners such as millennials; Nielsen Audio ranked hot AC as the third most-popular format among millennials, behind pop and country music. Of the format's expanding demographic reach, WOMX-FM program director Dana Taylor stated that hot AC stations "may not be the radio station that everybody agrees on, but it's a radio station that everybody goes, 'I'm okay with that'." The increasingly downtempo direction of pop hits in the mid-to-late 2010's also helped to attract additional listeners.
Hot AC stations typically keep a larger body of recent hits in rotation than those with rigid, chart-driven formats like CHR and urban contemporary. As these stations' playlists have become concentrated towards airing only the current hits at a given time, hot AC airplay can build and sustain a song's popularity over a long-term period. This effect has been credited in helping build an audience for early singles from new acts such as Adele, Rachel Platten ("Fight Song", which gained prominence for its use during Hillary Clinton's 2016 US presidential election campaign), and Max Schneider (whose 2016 single "Lights Down Low", over a year after its original release, became a sleeper hit on the Billboard Mainstream Top 40 and Hot 100 due in part to strong hot AC airplay).
The popularity of the hot AC format prompted many mainstream AC stations to add uptempo music to their playlists, while still maintaining a deeper rotation of older hits than hot AC stations.
Modern adult contemporary
Modern adult contemporary refers to AC formats with a stronger lean towards modern rock and pop rock.
In the 1990s and early 2000s, modern AC was typically targeted towards women, with Mike Marino of KMXB in Las Vegas describing the format as reaching "an audience that has outgrown the edgier hip-hop or alternative music but hasn't gotten old and sappy enough for the soft ACs." The format typically focused on female rock acts such as Shawn Colvin, Sheryl Crow, Indigo Girls, Jewel, and Sarah McLachlan, and folk rock-influenced bands such as Counting Crows and The Wallflowers. Today, the format is fairly uncommon, with KTCZ in the Minnesota Twin Cities being one of the few modern AC stations left.
Soft adult contemporary
The Soft adult contemporary format typically targets women 25–54 and at-work listening. Soft AC playlists are generally conservative in comparison to hot AC, focusing on pop and power ballads, soft rock, and other familiar, light hits. Upon its establishment in the 1980s, the soft AC format was positioned as being a more upbeat version of easy listening that would appeal better to a younger audience, mainly by excluding instrumental beautiful music. Easy listening stations had begun shifting to the format out of concern that their existing programming would not appeal to the current generation of listeners.
In a 1990 article, James Warren of the Chicago Tribune characterized soft AC stations as being "as middle-of-the-road and unthreatening as modern media get", with personalities that were encouraged to be as inoffensive and "low-profile" as possible, and a more conservative music library than hot AC-leaning stations. In particular, Chicago's WLIT did not have its airstaff talk over the beginning and endings of songs (in contrast to the hot AC-leaning WFYR), and played Bob Seger's "We've Got Tonite" but not "Old Time Rock and Roll" (which was part of WTMX's playlist). The director of a soft AC station in Connecticut, WEZN-FM, told Warren that he had barred the reading of top-of-hour news headlines, so that listeners wouldn't be tempted to tune away to an all-news station to learn more.
Soft AC stations tend to be more selective in their music libraries than other adult contemporary stations, preferring proven songs over current hits. Upon the onset of the format's popularity, core artists typically included singers such as Nat King Cole, Perry Como, Neil Diamond, Barry Manilow, Johnny Mathis, and Barbra Streisand. By the 1990s, to improve their appeal among changing demographics, some soft AC stations began to widen their playlist to include selections from contemporary acts with 80s, & 90s, musicians & bands such as Bon Jovi, Bryan Adams, Celine Dion, Roxette, Mariah Carey, Eric Clapton, Phil Collins, Elton John, Cher, Whitney Houston, Journey, and Queen. On the other hand, by 1996, New York's WLTW had begun to phase out its softer music in favor of a more uptempo direction.
In 2017, Inside Radio reported that soft AC had the third-largest decrease in US stations offering the format over the past decade (at 128), ranking behind only adult standards and oldies—a shift credited to aging demographics and a major boom in the wider-appealing classic hits format (which saw the largest overall increase over the same period). Consultant Gary Berkowitz argued that the soft AC format had become increasingly irrelevant in comparison to mainstream and hot AC, due to PPM markets preferring uptempo music.
At the same time, however, soft AC began to experience a resurgence. In April 2016, iHeartMedia flipped its San Francisco classic soul station KISQ to soft AC as The Breeze; as of November 2018, it was the top station in the Bay Area. The trend continued into 2017 and 2018, with iHeartMedia extending its Breeze brand to other soft AC flips, and the brand (among others) being adopted by competitors such as Entercom. Industry analyst Sean Ross argued that older demographics were becoming more lucrative due to changes in listening habits among younger audiences, which prefer digital platforms such as music streaming services over linear terrestrial radio, and also noted how mainstream AC was dependent on the Top 40 charts to break new songs.
Current soft AC stations have continued to feature recurrents such as Michael Bolton, Celine Dion, Elton John, Fleetwood Mac, Hall & Oates, and Whitney Houston, while contemporary musicians such as Adele and Michael Bublé have also become modern fixtures of the format. In addition, the soft AC sound has diversified to include more songs that are "safe and universal" and not necessarily "soft", with Ross presenting Examples such as Simple Minds' "Don't You (Forget About Me)", as well as the retroactively-defined genre of yacht rock. Over time, some stations have gradually adjusted their playlists to include more recurrents from the 1980s and 1970s (although not to the same extent as other "soft oldies" formats, such as MeTV FM, which have also grown in popularity).
Urban adult contemporary
The Urban adult contemporary format focuses primarily on current and classic R&B and soul music, The format typically targets African-American adults: July 2018 numbers from Nielsen Audio recorded it as the top format among African-Americans 25–54 and 35–64. It also has a sizable popularity among younger listeners, ranking behind urban contemporary as the second-most popular format among African-American adults 18–34 in the same report, with an 18.9 audience share.
The format typically excludes youthful rhythmic music, such as commercial hip-hop and rap, that are usually associated with the urban contemporary format. The urban AC format is also associated with the "quiet storm"—mellower R&B ballads and slow jams, often in a jazz-influenced style. The syndicated evening program Keith Sweat Hotel focuses specifically on such music.
As urban contemporary stations prefer hit-driven hip-hop songs, labels typically service R&B songs to the urban AC format only. Some current R&B musicians have complained that this is an artificial divide that prevents them from reaching a wider, mainstream audience (citing the relatively smaller number of urban AC outlets in comparison to urban and rhythmic), even with attempts to give some singles a hip-hop-influenced sound to improve the potential for crossover appeal. Some acts have attempted to disassociate themselves from "R&B" to reduce the effect of this stigma, although streaming services have helped to expose R&B to a wider audience beyond urban AC radio.
Rhythmic adult contemporary
The Rhythmic adult contemporary format generally focuses on a variety of current and classic dance music, such as dance-pop, hip-hop, and R&B (often resembling a blend of the Classic hits and hot AC formats in practice). The exact composition of current and recurrent content can vary between stations, depending on local cultures and the heritage of rhythmic formats in the market, ranging from late-80s/early-90s dance hits (including latin freestyle), to disco and Motown. Rhythmic hot AC has also been used as a format, popularized by stations such as New York's WKTU.
Smooth adult contemporary
The Smooth adult contemporary format is a variant of the smooth jazz format that incorporates mainstream and/or urban adult contemporary songs; they are designed to appeal to a wider range of demographics than a straight smooth jazz format. Some smooth AC stations may limit their airplay of jazz instrumentals to those by better-known performers such as Kenny G.
Christian adult contemporary
Contemporary Christian music (CCM) has several subgenres, one being "Christian AC". Radio & Records, for instance, lists Christian AC among its format charts. There has been crossover to mainstream and hot AC formats by many of the core artists of the Christian AC genre, notably Amy Grant, Michael W. Smith, Kathy Troccoli, Steven Curtis Chapman, Plumb, and more recently Big Daddy Weave, Casting Crowns, For King & Country, Lauren Daigle, MercyMe, and Newsboys.
Adult album alternative
The Adult album alternative (triple-A or AAA) format generally features a diverse playlist of music that appeals to an adult audience, with a focus on emerging songs and artists, and often featuring songs that were not released as singles. The exact composition of a triple-A station's playlist can vary, with alternative rock, indie rock, and indie pop commonly used as core genres, and some stations featuring more uncommon genres such as alternative country, Americana, blues, folk music, and world music. NPR observed in 2018 that roughly half of all triple-A stations in the U.S. were non-commercial stations. With the wide variety of music that is serviced to the format, adult album alternative charts have often served as a feeder for the Adult Top 40, and have been credited for breaking acts such as Dave Matthews Band and Lorde.
Christmas music
Since the 1990s it has become common for many AC stations, particularly soft AC stations, to play primarily or exclusively Christmas music during the Christmas season in November and December. While these tend mostly to be contemporary seasonal recordings by the same artists featured under the normal format, most stations will also air at least some vintage holiday tunes from older pop, MOR, and adult standards artists – such as
Boney M., The Carpenters, Nat King Cole, Perry Como, Bing Crosby, Percy Faith, Mannheim Steamroller, Dean Martin, Johnny Mathis, Trans-Siberian Orchestra, and Andy Williams – many of whom would never be played on these stations during the rest of the year.
These Christmas music marathons typically start a few weeks before Thanksgiving Day and end after Christmas Day, or sometimes extending to New Year's Day. Afterwards, the stations usually resume their normal music fare. Several stations begin the holiday format much earlier, at the beginning of November especially after Halloween. The roots of this tradition can be traced back to the beautiful music and easy listening stations of the 1960s and 1970s.
Syndicated radio shows and networks carrying the adult contemporary format
Delilah – One of the US's most popular radio shows, Delilah airs primarily in the evening. Its Christmas Edition airs from mid-November to late December.
Intelligence for Your Life – Hosted by John Tesh, this show also airs evenings and also on weekends.
American Top 40 with Ryan Seacrest – One version of AT40 airs on US hot AC stations, which is a little different from its Top-40/CHR counterpart.
Rick Dees Weekly Top 40/Weekly Top 30 – Began offering Hot AC versions of the popular countdown show in June 1996. These shows feature the top 20 Hot AC songs in the US along with about 10 past hits from the 1980s, 1990s and early 2000s (decade). A softer "AC" version was added in July 2009 to try to fill in the void left by Casey Kasem ending his AC countdown.
Radio Disney Music Top 30 Countdown, One version is for Hot AC stations, the other version is for Mainstream AC stations. Plays the USA Top 30 songs of the week according to Mediabase and a music rating service called ratethemusic.com. This show, like Rick Dees' show, is distributed by Compass Media Networks.
Backtrax USA with Kid Kelly – Weekend programs focusing on the '80s and '90s, targeted for hot AC stations.
ABC and Dial Global both offer AC 24-hour networks programming soft and hot AC.
Tom Joyner and Steve Harvey have popular morning shows that air on urban AC (and sometimes Hip-Hop) stations. Both shows are often heard on competing stations in the same city, such as St. Louis, Philadelphia and Atlanta. Joyner's show is syndicated by ABC Radio, and Harvey's show by Premiere Radio Networks.
Retro Rewind with Dave Harris is a weekend-based radio show highlighting a massive playlist of songs from the 1980s and 1990s, interviews, spotlights and contests. The show is done live across the US on Saturday nights, taking audience requests. The show is targeted towards HOT AC and AC radio stations.
The EZ Rock network is a brand/network of soft AC heard in Canada.
Heart - A radio network in the UK that grew throughout 2009 as more stations were rebranded as "Heart".
Smooth Radio – A UK-wide radio network that formed from six regional Smooth Radio stations.
Smoothfm – A network of two Australian commercial radio stations (based in Sydney and Melbourne) that are focused on providing an eclectic easy-listening playlist, usually featuring ballads.
Nova – A network of five Australian commercial radio station (based in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide and Perth) that are very similar to Smoothfm.
The Breeze – A group of New Zealand adult contemporary radio stations owned by MediaWorks Radio. There are 20 stations currently broadcasting throughout New Zealand.
The Bob and Sheri Show – American morning drive show based in Charlotte, North Carolina. Heard on more than 50 AC stations and the American Forces Network
Former syndicated programming includes Dick Clark's US Music Survey (1996–2005), Casey's Hot 20/Casey's Countdown/American Top 20/10 (1992–2009) and Top 30 USA.
See also
Adult Contemporary, a chart appearing in Billboard since 1961. This chart is typically (but not exclusively) closer to soft AC.
New-age music
Yacht rock
References
External links
Artists | Ambition Entertainment
Rebirth Music Productions
GAD Music Company
20th-century music genres
21st-century music genres
Pop music genres
Popular music
Radio formats
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adult%20contemporary%20music
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Incanto is the twelfth studio album by Classical Italian tenor Andrea Bocelli, released on 4 November 2008 and coinciding with his 50th birthday. The album, a personal tribute to the musical traditions of his homeland, features mainly Neapolitan love songs from Bocelli's childhood.
The two disc set also contains Incanto: The Documentary, a bonus DVD containing exclusive documentary footage, including an interview with Bocelli filmed in Naples, alongside a music video showcasing the Italian city in the 1950s. The video features rare clips of notable figures enjoying the romance of Naples in its heyday such as Elizabeth Taylor, Richard Burton, Sophia Loren, John F. Kennedy, among others.
On 21 February 2009, on the Italian talk-show, Che tempo che fa, Bocelli received a four times Diamond disc for Incanto, for selling in excess of 1.5 million copies within 4 months of its release. The album was also nominated for "album of the year" at the 2009 Classical BRIT Awards.
In Japan the album was released on 21 January 2009 as and featured two bonus tracks.
Track listing
"Un Amore Cosi Grande" (feat. Veronica Berti) (Guido Maria Ferilli, Antonella Maggio) - 4:22
"'O Surdato 'Nnammurato" (Aniello Califano, Enrico Cannio) - 2:49
"Mamma" (Cesare Andrea Bixio, Bixio Cherubini) - 3:30
"Voglio Vivere Cosi" (Giovanni D’Anzi, Domenico Titomaglio) - 3:02
"Santa Lucia" (traditional, Teodoro Cottrau) - 4:27
"Funiculì, Funiculà" (Luigi Denza, Peppino Turco) - 2:31
"Because" (Guy d'Hardelot, Edward Frederick Lockton) - 2:36
"Vieni Sul Mar!" (Aniello Califano) - 4:37
"Granada" (Agustín Lara) - 4:12
"Era De Maggio" (feat. Anna Bonitatibus) (Mario Costa, Salvatore di Giacomo) - 4:57
"A Marechiare" (Francesco Paolo Tosti, Salvatore di Giacomo) - 3:14
"... E Vui Durmiti Ancora" (Gaetano E. Calì, Giovanni Formisano) - 5:03
"Non Ti Scordar di Me" (Ernesto De Curtis, Domenico Furno) - 3:59
"Pulcinella" (Antonello Cascone, arr., Sergio Cirillo) - 2:46
Japan bonus tracks
"Torna a Surriento" (Ernesto De Curtis)
"Tu che m'hai preso il cuor" from The Land of Smiles (Franz Lehár)
Reviews
Blogcritics gave the album a favorable review.
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certifications and sales
References
External links
Incanto charts
Andrea Bocelli albums
Andrea Bocelli video albums
Decca Records albums
2008 albums
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incanto
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Joe Right is a retired American soccer goalkeeper who played three seasons in the North American Soccer League.
Right attended Florissant Valley Community College for at least one year. In 1969, he was part of the FVCC National Junior College National Championships. He was also a 1969 NJCAA All American. In 1970, he signed with the St. Louis Stars of the North American Soccer League. He played thirteen games for the Stars in 1970, but only five in 1971. Following the 1971 season, he left the Stars and the NASL.
He was inducted into the St. Louis Soccer Hall of Fame in 2008.
References
1950 births
Soccer players from St. Louis
American men's soccer players
Men's association football goalkeepers
North American Soccer League (1968–1984) players
St. Louis Stars (soccer) players
Living people
St. Louis Community College alumni
Junior college men's soccer players in the United States
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe%20Right
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Jul Låg (13 November 1915 - 2 February 2000) was a Norwegian scientist and soil researcher.
Biography
He was born in Flesberg in Buskerud, Norway. He grew up on the farm in Flesberg. After elementary school he was a farm laborer for several years. He took the dr.agric. degree in 1949. He also studied geology at the University of Oslo (1942–43). He studied under graduate fellowships and scholarships from (1942–45).
He examined and described the rare Norwegian soil types, including rendzina-like soil. Låg has examined the supply of plant nutrients in precipitation in Norway. He hired scientists in the field both at home and abroad, organized annual symposia where he gave several speeches, and he edited the books where the various contributions were published. An area of research, which he started just before he retired, was the impact of soil and rock properties on human and animal health.
Jul Låg was a professor at the Norwegian College of Agriculture from 1949 to 1985. He served as rector there from 1968 to 1971. He was the of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters from 1976 to 1984. He was a member and chairman of several public councils, boards, committees, both Norwegian and international, including Chairman of the Board of the Nordic Association of Agriculture Researchers 1957-59 and 1972–79, the Inter-Nordic Committee for Geomedisinsk Research 1978–1984, the Agricultural Scientific Research 1972-1973 and The Research Councils in 1972–73.
Jul Låg was a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science from 1953 and alternately the President of the Academy from 1976 to 1984. He was made a member of the Royal Norwegian Scientific Society in 1984, The Royal Danish Scientific Ernes Society from 1982 and a number of other foreign societies. Låg was appointed a Knight of the 1st Class of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav (1984), he was Commander of the Icelandic Order of the Falcon (1970) and received the Copernicus Medal from the Polish Academy of Sciences (1974).
References
1915 births
2000 deaths
People from Flesberg
Norwegian soil scientists
Academic staff of the Norwegian College of Agriculture
Rectors of the Norwegian University of Life Sciences
Members of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters
Recipients of the Order of the Falcon
20th-century Norwegian scientists
20th-century Norwegian educators
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jul%20L%C3%A5g
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Papyrus 65 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), designated by 𝔓65, is a copy of the New Testament in Greek. It is a papyrus manuscript of the First Epistle to the Thessalonians. The surviving texts of the epistle are the verses 1:3-2:1 and 2:6-13. The manuscript has been assigned on palaeographic grounds to the 3rd century.
Text
The Greek text of this codex is a representative of the Alexandrian text-type. Aland placed it in Category I, but text of the manuscript is too brief for certainty. According to Philip Comfort, 𝔓49 and 𝔓65 came from the same manuscript.
Location
It is currently housed at the Papyrological Institute of Florence in National Archaeological Museum (Florence) (PSI 1373).
See also
List of New Testament papyri
References
Further reading
Vittorio Bartoletti, Papiri greci e latini della Società Italiana, vol. XIV, (1957), pp. 5–7.
Naldini, Documenti, no. 17.
Images
Papyrus 65
New Testament papyri
3rd-century biblical manuscripts
Early Greek manuscripts of the New Testament
National Archaeological Museum, Florence
First Epistle to the Thessalonians papyri
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papyrus%2065
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Gotfred Ingolf Kvifte (1914, Froland, Aust-Agder – 1997) was a Norwegian physicist.
He was born in Froland. He took the dr.philos. degree in 1953, and worked as a lecturer at the University of Bergen for one year. He was then a professor at the Norwegian College of Agriculture from 1954 to 1984. He served as rector there from 1961 to 1968.
References
1914 births
1997 deaths
People from Froland
Norwegian physicists
Academic staff of the Norwegian College of Agriculture
Rectors of the Norwegian University of Life Sciences
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotfred%20Kvifte
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Hield Bros , or simply Hield, is an English textile manufacturer and retailer of men's clothing and luxury goods. The company was established in 1922. In addition to manufacturing cloth for its own suits, Hield produces cloth for many labels and has supplied the upholstery used in Queen Elizabeth II's custom Bentley State Limousine.
History
Founded as the Hield Brothers by David and Hugh Hield in 1922 in West Yorkshire, England, Hield Bros. is based in Briggella Mills, West Yorkshire. The company was acquired by the Chamsi-Pasha family in 1981 when it was under threat of a hostile take-over.
The company manufactures cloth for both apparel and furniture, suits, shirts, neckties, knitwear, scarves and throws, shoes, luggage, small leather goods and accessories and has twice been awarded the Queen's Award for Export. Forbes magazine lists a $21,000 set of 7 Hield suits as one of the "best ways to blow your bonus".
The company has shops in London's Savile Row, Japan, the Middle East and the USA.
Gallery
References
External links
Official Website
Forbes: Best Ways To Blow Your Bonus
Robb Report: Well Hield
Robb Report: Her Majesty's Car
Wool Record
English brands
Luxury brands
Shops in London
High fashion brands
Fashion accessory brands
Clothing companies established in 1922
Companies based in Bradford
Textile manufacturers of England
Suit makers
Clothing companies of England
Clothing brands of the United Kingdom
1922 establishments in England
Retail companies established in 1922
Manufacturing companies established in 1922
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hield
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The 127th General Assembly comprised the state legislature of the U.S. state of Ohio. The House of Representatives is the lower house of the Ohio General Assembly. Every two years, all of the house seats come up for election. The 127th General Assembly was in session in 2007 and 2008. The party distribution was 53 Republicans and 46 Democrats.
Make-up of Ohio House of Representatives for the 127th General Assembly
Results of the November 7, 2006 Election:
Leadership
Majority Leadership
Minority Leadership
Members of the Ohio House of Representatives
App- Member was appointed to current House Seat
127th General Assembly
House 127
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohio%20House%20of%20Representatives%2C%20127th%20General%20Assembly
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Håkon Wexelsen (9 August 1898–26 June 1979) was a Norwegian plant geneticist.
He was born at Bærum in Akershus, Norway. He took the dr.agric. degree in 1946, and was a professor at the Norwegian College of Agriculture from 1947 to 1968. He served as rector there from 1957 to 1960.
References
1898 births
1979 deaths
People from Bærum
20th-century Norwegian botanists
Academic staff of the Norwegian College of Agriculture
Rectors of the Norwegian University of Life Sciences
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A5kon%20Wexelsen
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Stefan Czmil (, Stepan Chmil; 20 October 1914 – 22 January 1978) was a Ukrainian Eastern Catholic known for his missionary work in Argentina as well as for work in his native Ukraine and Italy. According to Ukrainian Catholic Major Archbishop Sviatoslav Shevchuk, Pope Francis was mentored by Czmil and therefore knows the Eastern Rite well.
Early life
Father Czmil was born in Sudova Vyshnya a small town in western Ukraine, some 30 kilometers from the present Polish border Rawa Ruska/Medyka. His parents, Stefan and Julia Szydlowska (, Stepan ta Yulia Shydlovski), were Ukrainian patriots and Christians, who instilled into their son a love of Ukraine and the Greek Catholic Church, as the Ukrainian Catholic Church then was officially known. After the first school years in his native town, in 1925 he was sent to the Ukrainian all-boys gymnasium in Peremyshl [now Przemyśl, Poland], whose catechist was Father Petro Holynskyj. Stefan Czmil joined the Salesian Congregation. It was his goal to educate poor youths in Ukraine in the same manner as Saint John Bosco did in his time in Italy.
Career
In 1930 the Congregation for the Oriental Churches, Cardinal Cicognani, turned to Pope Pius XI asking him permission for Eastern rite candidates to the Salesians to retain their rite and Church traditions; it was granted. At the same time, Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky, Head of the Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church (1901–1944), designated Josafat Kotsylovskyj, bishop of the Diocese of Peremyshl, to inform the Gymnasium's students of his intentions to send to Italy those willing to become Salesians. When the Salesian Superiors adhered to the projected plan of accepting candidates from Ukraine to the Salesian brotherhood, allowing them to retain their rite and Church traditions, Stefan Czmil and nine others expressed their intention to become Salesians. In 1932 they went to the town of Ivrea, in Northern Italy, where the Salesians had their school for candidates to the Salesian brotherhood.
After graduating from the school of Salesian aspirants Czmil was admitted to the Salesian Novitiate in Villa Moglia (Chieri) in 1935. He took his three-year temporary vows in 1936.
Education
He studied philosophy (1936–39) at the Salesian College of Philosophical Studies in Foglizzo (Turin), then interrupted his studies for a two-year educative stage amongst the novices of Villa Moglia, after which he was admitted to the Salesian House of Studies in Bolengo for his Theology (1941–45), during World War II. Ordained a priest in 1945 by the Apostolic Visitator for Ukrainian émigrés in Western Europe, Ivan Buchko, he followed up his studies with a baccalaureate in Pedagogy in 1947 at the Salesian Pontifical Athenaeum in Turin. Before that he was assigned as a tourist guide at the Catacombes of Saint Callistus in Rome under Salesian Administration, where he met scores of Ukrainian refugees unable to return to their homeland, who he helped to find new abode. He was also a teacher in the Salesian school of Valdocco (Turin) and an assistant in the Salesian Motherhouse of Valdocco to the Salesian Missionaries who came from overseas for a period of rest.
Missionary work
In 1948, with the assent of his superiors, Czmil was sent by the sacred Congregation for the Oriental Churches for a 12-year period of apostolic and missionary work with Ukrainian immigrants in Argentina (Haedo and Ramos Mejia, suburbs of Buenos Aires). There the young Jorge Mario Bergoglio, later to become Pope Francis, rose early to serve Divine Liturgy for him. The local political authorities were not willing or ready to accept a different religious rite to the Roman Catholicism of Argentina.
Czmil's health started to deteriorate: liver problems.
Italy
In 1961 Czmil became the new Director of the Ukrainian Pontifical Minor Seminary, Via Boccea 480, Rome, 00166 which by then had 110 seminarians (from all over the Western world) and approximately 10 teachers. It was under his Directorate that the school received the title of "Pontifical", mainly due to the intervention of Patriarch Josyf Slipyj, head of the Greek-Catholic Church. His position as Director of the Seminary ended in 1967 after which he took on a more spiritual role as pastor to the students. However, he also continued as a teacher, educator and confessor to the seminarians. He acted as spiritual lecturer and confessor to the Ukrainian religious communities in Rome. He was lecturer of Italian language and literature at the Ukrainian Catholic University in Rome: He supervised and edited the second volume of the Ukrainian-Italian, Italian-Ukrainian Dictionary.
He was also member of the Commission for annulments of matrimony for Ukrainians in Italy, assigned to the cases of mixed marriages.
In 1976 he was assigned once again to the position of director of the seminary.
He was endowed in the Basilica of Saint Sophia in Rome with the title of Archimandrite on 8 December 1977, with the traditional mitre, pectoral cross and crozier.
Illness
Czmil's health deteriorated dramatically, and he had to be hospitalized. After a medical check-up it was decided he need an operation for gallstones. He seemed to be recovering, but on the morning of 22 January 1978 he fainted after celebrating the Divine Liturgy, and died.
The funeral service was held that afternoon. Bishop Stefan Czmil, the first Ukrainian Byzantine-rite Salesian lies buried in the crypt of the Basilica of Saint Sophia in Rome.
The following day it was revealed that he had been consecrated a bishop. The secret episcopal ordination took place in the Studite monastery in the town of Marino near Rome on April 2, 1977.
Notes
External links
INTERVIEWS
PHOTOGRAPH
1914 births
1978 deaths
Eastern Catholic Servants of God
People from Sudova Vyshnia
Clergy from the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
Ukrainian Austro-Hungarians
Salesians of Don Bosco
Bishops of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
Archimandrites
20th-century venerated Christians
Ukrainian expatriates in Argentina
Ukrainian emigrants to Italy
Ukrainian diaspora in Italy
Ukrainian diaspora in Argentina
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stefan%20Czmil
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Champion Homes, or Champion Home Builders, is a mobile and modular home manufacturing company that operates as a subsidiary of the Skyline Champion Corporation. It is one of the largest modular homebuilders in North America. The company also provides factory-built housing to the United States and western Canada. Champion homes has been a publicly held company for over 40 years, with shares listed on the New York Stock Exchange from 1995 to 2010.
Products
Champion Homes, a division of Champion Enterprise Holdings LLC, is primarily a manufacturer of mobile and modular homes, but they have also built travel trailers, RVs, campers, and commercial buses. Furthermore, Champion Homes has built modular homes for government applications. Champion Homes has acquired many brand names, including Caledonian Building Systems, Carolina Building Solutions, Commander, Dutch, Fortune, Highland Manufacturing, Homes of Merit, Moduline, New Era, New Image, North American, Redman, Silvercrest, SRI, Summit Crest and Titan. As of 2007 Champion Home Builders built over 1,000 homes a month, up from about 10 a month during their first year. As of 2019 Champion Homes had built over 1,700,000 of factory-built homes, modular and park model homes across North America.
History
Champion Homes was founded in 1953 as a single manufacturing facility in the small town of Dryden in rural Michigan by Walter W. Clark and Henry E. George.
In 2005, Champion was the first manufacturer to build privatized modular housing for the military.
In 2010, Champion filed for bankruptcy and was acquired by an investor group led by Centerbridge Partners, MAK Capital Fund LP and Sankaty Advisors and company lenders led by Credit Suisse. The company later recovered.
Today
Champion Homes is still headquartered in Michigan, but in Troy, Michigan rather than Dryden, and has over 30 manufacturing facilities located across the United States and Europe. Worldwide, Champion Homes employs over 5,000 people.
In June 2018 Champion Enterprises Holdings LLC combined with Skyline Corporation to form the Skyline Champion Corporation. Champion Homes now operates as a subsidiary of the Skyline Corporation. Skyline Corporation is listed on the NYSE under ticker "SKY."
References
External links
Official website
Company overview at official website
Manufactured home manufacturers
Manufacturing companies based in Michigan
1953 establishments in Michigan
Manufacturing companies established in 1953
American companies established in 1953
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Champion%20Homes
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The boundary vector field (BVF) is an external force for parametric active contours (i.e. Snakes). In the fields of computer vision and image processing, parametric active contours are widely used for segmentation and object extraction. The active contours move progressively towards its target based on the external forces. There are a number of shortcomings in using the traditional external forces, including the capture range problem, the concave object extraction problem, and high computational requirements.
The BVF is generated by an interpolation scheme which reduces the computational requirement significantly, and at the same time, improves the capture range and concave object extraction capability.
The BVF is also tested in moving object tracking and is proven to provide fast detection method for real time video applications.
References
K.W. Sum and Paul Y.S. Cheung, "Boundary Vector Field for Parametric Active Contours," Pattern Recognition, vol. 40, no. 6, pp. 1635–1645, Jun 2007
Rafael Verdú-Monedero, Juan Morales-Sánchez, and Luis Weruaga, "Convergence Analysis of Active Contours," Image and Vision Computing, vol. 26, issue 8, pp. 1118–1128, 2008
N. Lin and B. Hu, "Moving Object Detection and Tracking in Video Sequences Based on Boundary Vector Field," Journal of Computer Applications, vol. 28, Jun 2008
Pattern Recognition (Journal of the Pattern Recognition Society)
Image and Vision Computing, Elsevier Journal
Journal of Computer Applications
Image processing
Animation terminology
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boundary%20vector%20field
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α-Difluoromethyl-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DFMD, DFM-DOPA) is a DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor.
See also
Carbidopa
Methyldopa
References
Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase inhibitors
Alpha-Amino acids
Catecholamines
Organofluorides
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91-Difluoromethyl-DOPA
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Mikkel Ødelien (5 October 1893 – 11 February 1984) was a Norwegian scientist, educator and soil researcher.
He was born in Ål, Buskerud County, Norway. He took the cand.agric. degree in 1918, and published the journal Årbok for beitebruk from 1919 to 1930. He was then a professor at the Norwegian College of Agriculture located in Ås, in Akershus County, Norway from 1932 to 1962. He served as rector there from 1954 to 1956. During 1967 he was engaged by the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation in Madagascar.
He contributed new knowledge in almost all areas of soil culture, but particularly important for Norwegian agriculture was the new knowledge on fertilizing, micronutrients and heavy metals.
Mikkel Ødelien was made a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters in 1950 and was appointed a Knight of the 1st Class of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav in 1959. He was a member of several international science academies and companies and an honorary doctorate by the Royal Lantbrukshögskolan in Uppsala University (1962).
References
1893 births
1984 deaths
Academic staff of the Norwegian College of Agriculture
Rectors of the Norwegian University of Life Sciences
People from Buskerud
People from Ål
20th-century Norwegian scientists
20th-century Norwegian educators
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikkel%20%C3%98delien
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Sport in municipality of Lazarevac, Serbia.
Football
FK Kolubara, Lazarevac
ZFK LASK, Lazarevac
FK Polet, Mirosaljci
FK Turbina, Vreoci
FK Napredak, Medoševac
FK Radnicki, Rudovci
FK Mladost, Čibutkovica
FK Mladost, Cvetovac
FK Mladost, Baroševac
FK Rudar, Zeoke
FK Šumadija, Mali Crljenci
FK Šumadija, Šopić
FK Strmovo, Strmovo
FK Proleter, Vrbovno
FK Mladost, Leskovac
FK Bistrica, Bistrica
FK Lasta, Lazarevac
FK Mladi Radnik, Junkovac
FK Šumadinac, Kruševica
FK BSK, Brajkovac
FK Burovo, Burovo
FK Dimitrije Tucović, Šušnjar
FK 20. Oktobar, Trbušnica
FK Sloga, Lukavica
FK Budućnost, Dudovica
FK Sloboda, Stubica
FK Mladi Borac, Županjac
FK Stepojevac, Stepojevac
FK Borac, Lazarevac
OFK Sokolovo, Sokolovo
Basketball
KK Kolubara LA 2003, Lazarevac
KK Stepojevac, Stepojevac
KK Knez Lazar, Lazarevac
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sport%20in%20Lazarevac
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"Put Him Out of Your Mind" is a song by the band Dr. Feelgood. The track was recorded in 1979, and appeared on Let It Roll, an album by Dr. Feelgood that was released in September that year.
"Put Him Out of Your Mind" was also released as a single in the UK in August 1979, a month prior to the album's issue. Written by band member Gypie Mayo and the record producer Mike Vernon, the song was Dr. Feelgood's sixth and final hit single. It reached number 73 in the UK Singles Chart, and spent just one week in the listing.
The B-side of the gramophone record was "Bend Your Ear"; penned by Mayo and the band's lead vocalist, Lee Brilleaux (now deceased). The joint recording was engineered by Dick Plant and John McGowan at the DJM Studios. The picture sleeve shown is of the German release, which was the only issue with a picture sleeve.
In addition to Let It Roll, the song later appeared on Dr. Feelgood's 1989 compilation album, Singles - The UA Years.
References
External links
Single details at Discogs.com
1979 singles
Music in Southend-on-Sea
Dr. Feelgood (band) songs
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Put%20Him%20Out%20of%20Your%20Mind
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Evan Jones is an experienced Alternate Reality Game puppetmaster and the owner of Stitch Media with offices in London, Ontario and Toronto.
Education
Jones studied at McMaster University with a combined Honours Arts & Science degree specializing in Computer Science and Film Studies. After this he took Interactive Multimedia at Sheridan College and then attended the Canadian Film Centre for the Interactive Art & Entertainment Programme.
During his time at McMaster University, he competed internationally in Quiz Bowl trivia tournaments, winning the DII title at Sectionals in 2000 and beating out Ivy League competitors such as Cambridge and Yale.
Transmedia work
In 2005, Jones became Creative Director and Puppetmaster for the ReGenesis Extended Reality Game which won a 2007 International Emmy Award for Interactive Program.
In 2006, Jones was Creative Director and Puppetmaster for the Fallen Alternate Reality Game, which won Outstanding Achievement in Interactive Television in the 2007 Primetime Emmy Awards.
In 2007, Jones was the creator of The Border Interactive which was nominated for a Gemini Award for Best Cross-Platform and won a Banff World Television Award for Mobile Programs & Enhancements.
In 2008 he was the game designer for the Sarah Connor Chronicles ARG.
In 2009 he consulted for Xenophile Media on Love Letters to the Future, a Greenpeace project which won two Webby Awards for Green and People's Voice.
In 2010 Jones' company Stitch Media released its first interactive documentary, Redress Remix, on OMNI Television which won the United Nations' World Summit Award for E-Culture & Heritage.
In 2012 Jones was named one of McMaster University's Top 10 People of Impact
In 2012 Jones's company Stitch Media overturned a ruling by the Nova Scotia Department of Finance on the definition of interactivity in the Nova Scotia Supreme Court
Awards and recognition
Notes and references
Living people
Canadian businesspeople
McMaster University alumni
Canadian Film Centre alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evan%20Jones%20%28Stitch%20Media%29
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"Morgen" is a popular song (1959), originally performed in German by Croatian singer Ivo Robić and The Song-Masters, accompanied by Bert Kaempfert and his orchestra.
Background
"Morgen" was written by Peter Moesser, the song became a hit in West Germany, and later on the US charts in 1959 where it peaked at #13.
Other recordings
English versions, titled "One More Sunrise" (lyrics by Noel Sherman), were issued as singles by Leslie Uggams, and Vera Lynn and other performers of the era: the only artist to reach the UK Top 20 with his version of the song was Dickie Valentine who spent 7 weeks therein from October to December 1959, peaking at No 14.
The Ventures recorded an instrumental version to open their first album in 1960, Walk, Don't Run, on Dolton BLP 2003 (monaural)/BST 8003 (stereo).
Bing Crosby included the song in his 1961 album Holiday in Europe and Petula Clark sang the song on her 1965 album The World's Greatest International Hits.
Ray Conniff recorded an instrumental version which was part of his album "'S Continental" (Columbia Records CS 8576) released in 1961.
Bert Kaempfert recorded an instrumental version for the U.S. version of his album "The Wonderland of B. K." for Decca Records in 1961.
References
1959 singles
Songs in German
Polydor Records singles
Laurie Records singles
The Ventures songs
Petula Clark songs
Bing Crosby songs
1959 songs
Songs with lyrics by Noel Sherman
Croatian songs
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morgen%20%28Ivo%20Robi%C4%87%20song%29
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Jon Robert Cart (born 1964) is an American flutist, piccoloist, and pedagogue. He is professor of music at Montclair State University’s John J. Cali School of Music and a Verne Q. Powell Flutes Artist.
Early life
Cart was born to Alta and Richard Cart and was raised in Deputy, Indiana. He began studying piano at the age of five with Thelma Henry. By the age of 14, he had begun playing the flute and studied with Francis Fuge of the Louisville Orchestra.
Studies
He holds the Bachelor of Music in performance from DePauw University, the Master of Music in performance from Indiana University, and the Doctor of Musical Arts in performance from the University of Maryland College Park.
Professional work
He performs with Philadelphia’s Network for New Music. He has performed at Tanglewood, the Atlantic Music Festival, and as solo recitalist at The Kennedy Center and Carnegie Hall, and in China. An advocate for new music, he has premiered solo, chamber, and orchestral works. Solo works by Jennifer Higdon, Gary Schocker, and others have been dedicated to him. As a chamber musician, he is the founding flutist of the Éxi Chéria, a flute viola, and cello chamber ensemble. He serves as a faculty member and flutist and coordinator of the Contemporary Music Ensemble at the Atlantic Music Festival, and as Executive Director of the Marcel Moyse Society.
He has served as Dean of the College of Fine and Performing Arts at Rowan University and as the Director of the John J. Cali School of Music at Montclair State University.
Published works
Appoggio and the Art and Science of Bel Canto Flute Pedagogy
Focus! Regulating states of being to improve learning
Serenata Mexicana
Richard Wagner Weseondonck Lieder and Trios Mélodies
References
American flautists
Living people
1964 births
Montclair State University faculty
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jon%20Robert%20Cart
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Finca Los Alamos is a historical Argentine estancia located in San Rafael, Mendoza. The estate was built in 1830 by the Bombal family, and originally served as a frontier fort. Domingo Bombal, who served eleven terms as Governor to the Mendoza Province (between 1863–1890), owned the estate until his death in 1908.
After decades of neglect, the property was revived by Argentine writer Susana Bombal in the 1930s. Susana brought touches of Buenos Aires sophistication to the newly restored property, including colonial furniture, original manuscripts and mural paintings. She was friends with a number of bohemian artists from the 1930s-60s who made the retreat to Finca Los Alamos, south of Mendoza. Each visiting artist added special touches that remain today, making the property a museum of sorts, and truly unique. Susana, who shared a profound friendship with author and poet Jorge Luis Borges, owned the property until 1992. The property features original works of art and culture from many famous Argentinean figures including Borges, Raúl Soldi, Hector Basaldua, and Manuel Mujica Láinez.
The estate, which now serves as a boutique hotel, is still owned by the Bombal family, who also run the hotel.
Features
The property includes El Laberinto de Borges (Borges Memorial Maze), a garden labyrinth planted in 2003, which consists of approximately 12,000 English Boxwood shrubs. The box hedge maze measures by , and was designed by Randoll Coate, a British diplomat, maze designer, and "labyrinthologist". The maze pays tribute to Jorge Luis Borges (also a personal friend of Coate's) and may have been inspired by Borges' short stories El Jardin de senderos que se bifurcan (The Garden of Forking Paths), and Labyrinths. Shaped like an open book, the design spells out Borges' name as reflected in a mirror, and also pays tribute to writer Maria Kodama, Jorge's widow, by including her initials.
In literature
The estate is featured in the book Estancias, The Great Houses and Ranches of Argentina, by Maria Saenz Quesada. The book details over thirty historical Argentine properties with origins as far back as the 16th century, through their rise at the end of the 18th century (when these estates played an integral role in making Argentina one of the world's most powerful economic empires), and the significant functions of these estancias today. The book suggests that Los Alamos may be the oldest house to survive the 1861 Mendoza earthquake that devastated the Province.
Estancias, The Great Houses and Ranches of Argentina, by Maria Saenz Quesada. (Abbeville Press, Inc. 1992)
External links
The Great Houses and Ranches of Argentina
Official Finca Los Alamos site
References
Ranches in Argentina
Spanish Colonial architecture in Argentina
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finca%20Los%20Alamos
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Costicǎ Olaru (born August 1, 1960) is a Romanian sprint canoer who competed in the early 1980s. He won a bronze medal in the C-1 500 m event at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.
Olaru won two medals at the 1983 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a gold in the C-1 500 m and silver in the C-1 1000 m events.
References
External links
1960 births
Canoeists at the 1984 Summer Olympics
Living people
Olympic canoeists for Romania
Olympic bronze medalists for Romania
Romanian male canoeists
Olympic medalists in canoeing
ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships medalists in Canadian
Medalists at the 1984 Summer Olympics
Place of birth missing (living people)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costic%C4%83%20Olaru
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Prince Nikolaus Wilhelm of Nassau (20 September 1832 – 17 September 1905), was the only son of William, Duke of Nassau by his second wife Princess Pauline of Württemberg.
Marriage and issue
He married morganatically in London on 1 July 1868 with Natalia Alexandrovna Pushkina (Saint Petersburg, 4 June 1836 – Cannes, 23 March 1913). She was the youngest child of Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin and his wife, Natalia Nikolayevna Goncharova, and a descendant of Abram Petrovich Gannibal and Petro Doroshenko, Hetman of Ukrainian Cossacks, in turn grandson of Mykhailo Doroshenko. She was divorced from Russian General Mikhail Leontievich von Dubelt, by whom she had a daughter. In 1868, Prince Nikolaus Wilhelm's sister Princess Helena of Nassau's husband George Victor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont granted Natalia the title Countess von Merenberg.
They had three children:
Countess Sophie von Merenberg (Geneva, 1 June 1868 – London, 14 September 1927); created Countess de Torby in 1891; married in Sanremo on 26 February 1891, Grand Duke Michael Mikhailovich of Russia (Peterhof Palace, Peterhof, 16 October 1861 – London, 26 April 1929) and had issue.
Countess Alexandrine von Merenberg (Wiesbaden, 14 December 1869 – Buenos Aires, 29 September 1950); married in London in 1914 Argentine Don Maximo de Elia (1851 – Saint-Jean-de-Luz, 1929), no issue.
Count Georg Nikolaus von Merenberg (Wiesbaden, 13 February 1871 – Wiesbaden, 31 May 1948) married Olga Alexandrovna Yurievskaya on 12 May 1895. They have three children. He remarried Adelheid Moran-Brambeer on 2 January 1930.
Count Alexander Adolf Nikolaus von Merenberg (Hannover, 16 September 1896 – Hannover, 20 December 1897).
Count Georg Michael Alexander von Merenberg (Hannover, 16 October 1897 – Mainz, 11 January 1965); married firstly in Budapest on 7 January 1926, Paulette Kövér de Gyergyó-Szent-Miklós, divorced in 1928, no issue; married secondly in Schroda on 27 July 1940, Elisabeth Anne Müller Uri (Wiesbaden, 1 July 1903 – Wiesbaden, 18 November 1963), and had issue:
Countess Elisabeth Clothilde von Merenberg (b. Wiesbaden, 14 May 1941); married in Wiesbaden on 25 May 1965 Enno von Rintelen (b. Berlin, 9 November 1921 - 16 October 2013), and had issue:
Alexander Enno von Rintelen (b. Wiesbaden, 23 March 1966).
Georg Nikolaus von Rintelen (b. Wiesbaden, 29 June 1970); married on 30 May 2007 Olivia Minninger (b. Köln, 27 August 1969), and had issue:
Julian von Rintelen (b. 7 January 2003)
Nicolai von Rintelen (b. München, 17 November 2006)
Gregor von Rintelen (b. Wiesbaden, 13 August 1972); married in 2002 Countess Christiane von Bentheim-Tecklenburg-Rheda-Prill (b. Wiesbaden, 18 May 1973), and had issue:
Frederick von Rintelen (b. 11 December 2006)
Countess Olga Katharina Adda von Merenberg (Wiesbaden, 3 October 1898 – Bottmingen bei Basel, 15 September 1983); married in Wiesbaden on 14 November 1923 Count Michael Loris-Melikov (Tsarskoye Selo, 16 June 1900 – Bottmingen, 2 October 1980), and had issue:
Count Alexander Loris-Melikov (b. Paris, 26 May 1926); married in Soignies on 27 September 1958 Micheline Prunier (b. Liège, 21 June 1932), and had issue:
Countess Ann Elisabeth Loris-Melikova (b. Basel, 23 July 1959); married in Therwil on 4 November 1983 Marc Moos (b. 5 February 1953), and had issue:
Alain Moos (b. Basel, 26 March 1984).
Countess Dominique Loris-Melikova (b. Basel, 24 March 1961).
Countess Nathalie Loris-Melikova (b. Basel, 28 December 1963); married in Küssnacht on 9 October 1996 Johan Dierbach (b. Stockholm, 12 January 1963), and had issue:
Sophie Dierbach (b. Zürich, 23 February 1997).
Count Michael Loris-Melikov (b. Basel, 18 December 1964); unmarried with no issue.
Honours and awards
Ancestry
References
1832 births
1905 deaths
House of Nassau-Weilburg
Generals of Infantry (Prussia)
Recipients of the Iron Cross (1870), 2nd class
Sons of monarchs
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince%20Nikolaus%20Wilhelm%20of%20Nassau
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The Ursuline Convent was founded in 1894 by nuns of the order of St. Ursula.
The Convent Schools, as they are collectively known, offer Primary education for boys and girls aged 3 to 11, and Secondary education for girls aged 11 to 17.
St. Angela's is the Infant and Junior School, and St. Ursula's is the Senior School.
The School is located in a commercial area in the Bridgetown suburb of Collymore Rock, where fine examples of early colonial-style architecture can be seen today.
As a result of various challenges, such as dwindling enrollment and the COVID-19 pandemic, the school will close in August 2023.
References
External links
Schools in Barbados
Saint Michael, Barbados
Educational institutions established in 1894
Religious organizations established in 1894
1894 establishments in the British Empire
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Ursuline%20Convent%20%28Barbados%29
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"The Best of Me" is a rock song performed and composed by Canadian rock and pop artist Bryan Adams. released as the first track on Adams second compilation album, The Best of Me. The single was released in December, 1999 and became a hit single in Europe while ignored in the United States. "The Best of Me" peaked at 10 on the Canadian Singles Chart on 24 January 2000.
Track listings
CD single 1
CD single 2
Chart positions
Sources
1999 singles
Bryan Adams songs
Songs written by Bryan Adams
A&M Records singles
Song recordings produced by Robert John "Mutt" Lange
1999 songs
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Best%20of%20Me%20%28Bryan%20Adams%20song%29
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Asher Dan Grunis (; born January 17, 1945) was the President of the Supreme Court of Israel between 2012 and 2015. He was appointed to the position on February 28, 2012, after the retirement of Dorit Beinisch. He retired from the bench in January 2015 at the age of 70.
Biography
Asher Dan Grunis was born in Tel Aviv. He was named for his grandfather, the rabbi of Cardiff, Wales. Grunis served in the Israeli Army (1962–1965), earned an LL.B. degree (1968) from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem and was admitted to the Israeli bar in 1969. In 1972 he earned a Master of Law (LL.M.) degree from the University of Virginia in the United States before being awarded a D.Jur. from Osgoode Hall Law School in Canada. Grunis served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Israel from 2003 to January 2015.
Personal life
Grunis is married to Rina Meshel-Grunis, a former judge of the Tel-Aviv District Court. He has three daughters and two grandsons.
References
1945 births
Living people
Judges of the Supreme Court of Israel
Hebrew University of Jerusalem Faculty of Law alumni
University of Virginia School of Law alumni
Academic staff of Tel Aviv University
Israeli people of British-Jewish descent
Israeli soldiers
Osgoode Hall Law School alumni
Lawyers from Tel Aviv
Chief justices of the Supreme Court of Israel
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asher%20Grunis
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Jensen Daggett (born June 24, 1969) is an American film and television actress. She has appeared in the films Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan and Major League: Back to the Minors. She had a recurring role as Nancy Taylor in Home Improvement.
Life and career
Daggett was born in Connecticut. After studying theater at Agoura High School in Agoura Hills, California, Daggett moved to Los Angeles after her eighteenth birthday to study at the Stella Adler Conservatory for Acting in Hollywood. At 18 years old, her first acting role was in The Fabulous Baker Boys. Soon after, she portrayed Rennie Wickham in Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan.
She also performed in several dozen television episodes before leaving acting in 1999 to raise a family. Some of her best-known roles were as Nancy Taylor, sister-in-law of Tim Taylor (wife of Tim's younger brother, Marty) on Home Improvement and Charlie in The Single Guy playing Jonathan Silverman's girlfriend.
Her last television appearance was as herself in an episode of the HGTV (Canada) show, Weekend Warriors, in which she remodeled her Connecticut home. Since then she has become a Green Home Builder and has built many homes featured in different magazines.
Select filmography
References
External links
1969 births
Living people
20th-century American actresses
Actresses from California
Actresses from Connecticut
American film actresses
American television actresses
People from Agoura Hills, California
21st-century American women
Agoura High School alumni
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jensen%20Daggett
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The Edward E. Boynton House (1908) was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright in Rochester, New York. This privately owned prairie-style home was commissioned by widower Edward Everett Boynton and his teenage daughter Beulah Boynton. According to Beulah Boynton (recounted to Times Union reporter William Ringle in 1955) it cost her father between $45,000 - $50,000 for the house, the lot and the contents - a staggering sum in 1908 (adjusted for inflation, approx. $10 million in 2021). This two-story, approximately 5,500 square foot home, was originally situated on an acre lot in the city of Rochester. Seventeen pieces of original Frank Lloyd Wright furniture remain in the house.
History
Home Ownership Timeline
1908 - 1919 Edward and Beulah Boynton
1919 - 1921 J. Oswald Dailey (June 1, 1919 - April 18, 1921)
1921 - 1925 Title transferred to Florence C. Dailey who defaulted loan and the Rochester Trust and Safe Deposit Company took control during this period
1925 - 1942 Elizabeth J. Burns (October 19, 1925).
Listed for sale in 1940. Bank took control by 1942.
1943 - 1968 Arlene E. Howard (October 7, 1943 - June 27, 1968)
1968 - 1974 Dr. David and Carolyn Tinling (June 27, 1968 - June 27, 1974)
1974 - 1977 Louis (Louie) and Joan Clark (June 27, 1974 - June 29, 1977)
1977 - 1994 J. Burton (Burt) and Karen Brown (June 29, 1977 - January 10, 1994)
1994 - 1996 Gordon (Gordie) Nye (January 10, 1994 - November 1, 1996)
1996 - 2009 Scott and Kathryn McDonald (November 1, 1996 - November 30, 2009)
2009 - Fran Cosentino and Jane Parker (November 30, 2009 - present)
Edward Everett Boynton
Edward Everett Boynton was a successful lantern salesman and partner in the C. T. Ham Manufacturing Co. of Rochester. Despite his financial success, Boynton's personal life was marked by tragedy. Three of his four children died at a young age, including his daughter Beulah's twin sister Bessie. On April 13, 1900 (Friday the 13th) his wife passed away. Beulah told Times Union Reporter William Ringle, "My father had no hobbies but me." When Boynton decided to move out of his home at 44 Vick Park B in Rochester, New York he commissioned Frank Lloyd Wright to design what would become Rochester's only Wright-designed home. Beulah Boynton recalled, "I wanted Claude Bragdon to build our house. My father was quite taken with Wright." Edward Boynton learned of Frank Lloyd Wright through a business partner, Warren McArthur. Wright designed the Warren McArthur House in the Kenwood District of Chicago in 1892. In 1906, Boynton commissioned the architect to design a home on an expansive piece of property on East Boulevard. Construction started in 1907 and the house was completed in 1908. Beulah Boynton was a teenager when she met Frank Lloyd Wright. She became very interested and involved in the design and construction of house. "I learned to read specs. I spotted an error in the masons laying the fireplace."
The original deed to the property was recorded on May 13, 1907 and the building permit (certificate of occupancy) was granted on May 15, 1908. "The building permit, #10988, lists a two story frame and plaster dwelling, 5h'~ x 115', valuation, $10,000." Boynton was listed as "builder-owner" on the building permit, Frank Lloyd Wright as architect, and the contractors were Gorsline and Swan." George T. Swan, son of the late George L. Swan, recalled his father saying, "The contractors expected trouble with Wright but discovered to their surprise and delight that reasonably amicable relations with him were possible so long as they adhered exactly to his specifications and instructions." He continued, "He made no great trial for contractors," said Swan, "but he gave the workmen fits." I was too young to have known Mr. Wright but I heard a great deal about him from my father.
Originally the Edward E. Boynton house occupied an approximately one acre lot. In addition to the 5,450 square foot residence, the property was home to a 30-foot by 60-foot reflecting pool, a tennis court, magnificent gardens and 28 American Elm trees. The driveway stretched the length of a city block - from East Boulevard to Hawthorn Street.
1908 - 1919 Boynton House
Beulah and Edward Boynton lived at 16 East Boulevard for ten years. During that period, the Boyntons (one of the early automobile owners in the area) erected a garage on the property. Edward Boynton employed a cook, two maids (one for upstairs, one for downstairs), and two gardeners (one doubled as the chauffeur) during their stay. After Beulah Boynton married Ransom Noble Kalbfleisch, he moved into the Boynton house joining his bride and her father. A daughter, Jean, was born in 1914. In 1919 Beulah and Jean moved to New York City with Kalbfleisch so he could work at the stock exchange. Edward Boynton joined them in New York and lived with them until his death on December 27, 1938.
The house sat vacant for a year until June 1, 1919 until J. Oswald Dailey purchased it.
1919 - 1940 Turbulent times for the Boynton House
The 1920s were a tumultuous time for both the country and the Boynton house. According to family members, Dailey lost all of his money and his wife's money speculating in commodity futures. In a financial bind, Dailey subdivided the property into two building lots that he sold for $22,000. The tennis court, formal gardens, pool, and fountain were removed. Two additional homes were built on the original Boynton plot, “one on Hawthorn Street, at the back of the property, and the other on East Boulevard. (Beulah recalled during an interview with William Ringle in 1955, "There are now three other houses on what was the original lot. The porch was originally open, now it's glassed in." On April 18, 1921, the title to Wright's Boynton house was transferred to Florence C. Dailey. She failed make the loan payments and the bank took control. On October 19, 1925, Elizabeth J. Burns assumed the $18,000 mortgage held by the Rochester Trust and Safe Deposit Company.
1932 Frank Lloyd Wright returns to Rochester
When he was 65 years old Frank Lloyd Wright returned to Rochester after an invitation to speak to a sold out crowd at the Memorial Art Gallery. On November 14, 1932, accompanied by Memorial Art Gallery Director Gertrude Moore, Mr. Wright drove by the Edward E. Boynton House and was enraged by the sight of the current diminished lot and external drainage pipes originating from the roof. Decades later Democrat & Chronicle reporter Katharine Seelye interviewed Gertrude Moore. Ms. Moore recounted, Wright literally “rose in his wrath before her eyes...and in his distress banged his head on the ceiling of the cab. The driver was ordered on.” “They’ve wrapped conductor pipes around my plane spaces!” he shrieked. “They have destroyed my house!" Still reeling from the sight of his house, Frank Lloyd Wright ranted throughout his evening lecture at the Memorial Art Gallery. “Mr. Wright came to the platform (at the gallery) under a cloud of pessimism,” the Democrat and Chronicle reported the next day. “He expressed himself as well convinced that no words of his could awaken the modern individual to the degradation of (contemporary) architecture (which was) ‘pseudo this and pseudo that and never expressive of himself or his surroundings.'" Ms. Moore reimbursed the architect for his hotel bill and railroad fare but requested a downward adjustment to his speaking fee. Frank Lloyd Wright never returned to Rochester again.
1940 - 1968 The Boynton House's longest resident
In 1940, the house was listed for $16,500, but languished on the market. By 1942, the bank assumed the mortgage once again.
Arlene E. Howard purchased the house on October 7, 1943 for $8,000. She owned the house for almost 25 years. Ms. Howard painted several rooms and some of the original Wright-designed furniture, throughout the house. Toward the end of her tenure, Ms. Howard rarely visited the house and spent the majority of her time with her brother on her boat in Florida. When her housekeeper died, the house remained empty and neglected. The roof was repaired in 1967, but continued to cause problems.
1968 - 1974 Boynton House
Dr. David Tinling, his wife Carolyn, and their four young children moved into the house on June 27, 1968. They purchased the Boynton House for $57,000. Dr. Tinling thought the house looked perfect. His wife Carolyn remembered the house in need of serious repairs. Incredibly, the carpets were still original and seventeen pieces of the original Frank Lloyd Wright-designed furniture remained in the house. The Tinlings pursued landmark status for the house and created legal covenants for the home's structure. In 1969, the City of Rochester passes a preservation ordinance, designating the Frank Lloyd Wright's Boynton House an official Rochester landmark. The original furniture was omitted from the protective covenants. In March 1973, University of Toronto professor H. Allen Brooks wrote to the Landmark Society of Western New York pointing out the importance of preserving the provenance of the furniture. At the same time, the Tinlings' marriage was unraveling forcing the sale of the Boynton House.
Frank Lloyd Wright's Edward E. Boynton House was officially listed for sale, in 1973, for $82,500.
1974 - 1977 The public sees the Boynton House
The house was enshrouded in bushes when it goes on the market, greenery flanking either side of the house above the second story roof. Louis and Joan Clark offer the Tinlings $55,000 which is rejected. Their second offer for $68,000 is accepted. The Clarks rip out and thin most of the trees and bushes surrounding the house, remove the old, dirty carpets, update the heating system, repair the plumbing, fix some electrical issues and start stripping the paint from the woodwork throughout the house. They also open up the house for fee-based tours. Over 2,000 people tour the Boynton House during the first two years the Clarks own the house. Interested in obtaining museum status and continuing their tours, the Clarks reach out to the City of Rochester Zoning Board. The president of the neighborhood association, Dr. R. Paul Miller, writes an opinion piece for the Rochester Times Union opposing the idea. As a result of the neighborhood backlash, the constant repairs and several burglaries to the Boynton House, the Clarks decide they have had enough. They alert Rochester Times Union columnist Peter Taub that they are considering putting the house on the market. On April 29, 1977 his column appears in the paper - Wright House Up for Sale.
1977-1994 Protective covenants and complete roof replacement
The Edward E. Boynton House never officially hits the real estate market. After seeing Peter Taub's column, Burt and Karen Brown dealt directly with Louis and Joan Clark and end up acquiring the house in a stranger-than-fiction story recounted 40 years later in their daughter's memoir Growing Up in a Frank Lloyd Wright House. Several last minute negotiations over the house almost doom the deal between the Clarks and the Browns. The 1969 protective covenants set up by the Tinlings only pertain to the exterior structure of the house, not the 17 pieces of Wright-designed furniture. The Clarks want another $15,000-$25,000 for the furniture - on top of the $110,000 price tag for the house and the $25,000 agreed upon price for all the oriental rugs. The Browns appeal to the Landmark Society of Western New York (LSWNY) and eventually a deal is brokered where the LSWNY pays the Clarks for the furniture and then leases the Wright designed pieces back to the Browns for $1.00 a year for 75 years. According to the deal, the furniture pieces cannot be moved to the basement or attic and no alterations (painting, reupholstering, stripping, etc.) can be made without prior approval. Insurance, repairs, and restoration costs are the responsibility of the lessee. With the real estate deal with the Clarks complete, the Browns work on a contract with the LSWNY making the protective covenants official, this time covering the original furniture.
Burt and Karen Brown continue the Clarks' restorations projects - removing wallpaper and plush carpet in addition to stripping paint from the furniture, wood trim, radiator covers and Wright's built-ins. The tour schedule is curtailed - limited to architect students and professors, community and charitable organizations and their daughter's girl scout troop and her fourth grade classmates. The Browns also turn their attention to replacing the roof which takes over two years to build from scratch (in hand soldered copper) and costs nearly $100,000 in 1977-1979.
After 24 years working at Xerox Corporation, Burt Brown accepts a severance package and, with their two kids in college, Burt and Karen Brown move to Orlando, Florida. The house proves too costly to remain vacant on a part-time basis and is put on the market, in the spring of 1993, for $895,000. The original furniture pieces are all professionally repaired by the Rochester conservator Ralph Weigandt and Mark Gervase, a Michigan based conservator from the Henry Ford Museum. After languishing on the market for months, a new realtor is hired and the house is relisted, for $460,000, in the fall of 1993.
1994-1996 Neglect and abandonment
Gordon Nye, an executive for sporting goods manufacturer Voit, purchases the house in January 1994 for $425,000. Nye and his girlfriend move into the house and immediately struggle with living in Rochester (they are from California) and operating under some of the restrictive house rules. The Landmark Society of Western New York worries about their two large dogs and the safety of the original Wright-designed furniture. Nye is worried about his dogs escaping and sets about commissioning plans for a fence to enclose the property. The plans are rejected by the Landmark Society and Preservation Board. Nye applies for a construction permit and builds an unsightly chain link fence around the property as a work around. Less than a year after purchasing the house, the homeowners move back to California and leave it vacant - not paying the utilities, the security system fees and the mortgage. The dining room ceiling begins leaking and chunks of plaster begin falling from overhead. Defying the restrictive covenants ("pieces cannot be moved..."), the Landmark Society transfers all seventeen pieces to the Memorial Art Gallery where they reside from July 16, 1995 to January 12, 1996 and are put on public display.
The bank begins proceedings to take over the house.
1996-2009 Rebirth and privacy
Dr. Scott and Kathryn (Katie) McDonald purchase the house 'as is' in November 1996, for $260,000! The couple begin repairing and restoring and re landscaping the entire property. Scott's father, a skilled craftsman and woodworker, creates numerous pieces of craftsman style furniture for his son's new home. Instead of relishing the attention of living in the Boynton House and sharing with the public their restoration efforts, the McDonalds prefer their privacy, eschewing public tours and events. They give birth to a son and give him the middle name Wright.
Although they love the Boynton House, they decide to move, putting it once more on the market, in the fall of 2009, for $830,000.
2009 to the present: surviving the next hundred years
An ardent admirer of Frank Lloyd Wright and particularly of his Boynton House, Jane Parker manages to join a realtor's caravan - with a preview of new homes for sale - when she learns that this house is back in the market. After touring the house, she is ready to move in immediately. Her husband, Francis (Fran) Cosentino is skeptical whether the home is in move in condition. After purchasing it and a thorough inspection - the place has many problems - they embark on a massive project to restore and rehabilitate the 100 year old Boynton House. The roof is sagging; the exterior trim has rotted; termite and carpenter ant damage is evident throughout; in the basement essential support beams have been removed; undersized supports above the dining room are caving-in. Structurally the house is ready to collapse. They begin work in April 2010, hiring Bero Architecture and the landscape architectural firm Bayer Landscape Architecture. Establish a trust to fund the anticipated two year project and consult the Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation for advice and for Wright's original architectural drawings.
Parker/Cosentino decide to restore the enclosed front porch to its original design. Having been enclosed in the 1920s. They construct a new garage inspired by Wright's prairie style designs and incorporate a covered walkway on the property after noticing a pergola in several of Wright's original drawings of the site. Unable to reestablish the extent of the Boyntons original lot, since three other houses now sit on the space that had been sold off in the 1920s - they decide to remove the driveway at the front of the house and, instead of a driveway that stretches from East Boulevard to Hawthorn Street, its entrance on East Boulevard is removed and replaced with only a walkway, in place of both. Thus allowing more grass and a more spacious appearance. A lovely reflecting pool with Koi pond and an Asian inspired garden now occupy the small backyard.
All of the art glass windows, doors, cabinets and light fixtures in the entire house are restored by the Wisconsin native Jeffrey Mueller, owner of Godfrey Müller Studios, a glass restoration company in Rochester. The still extant Wright designed furniture and all the woodwork - some of which had been painted over by previous owners and unprofessional stripped - is now meticulously refinished, repaired, and restored by Eric Norden, owner of Eric Norden Restorations, in Rochester. Several new furniture pieces are designed, in the spirit of a Wright contemporary and collaborator George Niedecken (1878-1945)- in the prairie style tradition. Darryl Gronsky, an interior designer in Rochester, with the contribution of the homeowner Jane Parker, referred to Niedecken’s designs archived in the collection of the Milwaukee Art Museum, Milwaukee, Wis. to help select materials and fabrics for the renovated house.
The building is now part of the East Avenue Historic District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Legacy
Jane Parker and Fran Cosentino also consent to produce a documentary, chronicling the repair, rehabilitation and restoration of the Boynton House. Local Public Broadcasting System (PBS) WXXI in Rochester, New York, embarks on a two and a half year filming project, culminating in the nearly one hour documentary titled Frank Lloyd Wright's Boynton House: The Next Hundred Years. The documentary crew are assisted by Kim Bixler, daughter of Burt and Karen Brown who owned the Boynton House from 1977-1994. Her knowledge of the house history includes archival documents, newspaper articles, family histories, meticulous research, historical photographs and interviews with every living homeowner. Her book Growing Up in a Frank Lloyd Wright House is published in conjunction with the completion of the Boynton House project, one of the sponsorship gifts for public television sponsors and donors. Kim Bixler travels the country giving lectures about what it is really like growing up in a house designed by Frank Lloyd Wright.
Gallery
Winter 1968
Changes to the Boynton House
See also
List of Frank Lloyd Wright works
References
Further reading
Bixler, Kim (2012). Growing Up in a Frank Lloyd Wright House, United States: Clue Publications. OCLC 835633241
. S. 147
External links
Growing Up in a Frank Lloyd Wright House- Edward E. Boynton House Gallery of Photographs
E. E. Boynton House: Rochester, NY
E. E. Boynton House - Frank Lloyd Wright Designed Buildings on Waymarking.com
THE MAN WHO BROUGHT FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT TO ROCHESTER
Reception and Tour of the Edward E. Boynton House, Rochester’s only Frank Lloyd Wright-designed House
Wright in New York
Photos on Arcaid
The Boynton House, Monroe County (New York) Library System, Rochester, N.Y.
Rendition of Boynton House by Razin Khan.
Frank Lloyd Wright buildings
Houses in Rochester, New York
Prairie School architecture in New York (state)
Historic American Buildings Survey in New York (state)
Houses completed in 1908
1908 establishments in New York (state)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward%20E.%20Boynton%20House
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Fetisch is the debut album by German post-punk band Xmal Deutschland, released in April 1983 on the 4AD label.
Critical reception
Track listing
Personnel
Musicians
Vocals: Anja Huwe
Guitars: Manuela Rickers
Keyboards: Fiona Sangster
Bass: Wolfgang Ellerbrock
Drums: Manuela Zwingmann
Production
Produced by Ivo Watts-Russell and Xmal Deutschland
Engineered by John Fryer
Design by 23 Envelope
References
1983 debut albums
Xmal Deutschland albums
4AD albums
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetisch
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The European College of Sport Science (ECSS) is a non-profit organisation dedicated to the promotion and application of multi-, and interdisciplinary science in sport, exercise, physical activity, and health. It was founded in 1995 in Nice, France. Currently, the ECSS office is based in Cologne, Germany.
The ECSS cooperation with corresponding non-European associations and sport scientists.
Membership
The ECSS offers individual membership. It holds an annual congresses and. Members include, among others, researcher, academics, scientists, lecturers, coaches and physiotherapists from all areas of sport science, such as Biomechanics & Motor control, Physiology & Nutrition, Psychology, Social Sciences & Humanities, Sports & Exercise Medicine and Health, Applied Sports Science and many more.
Structure
As a non-profit organization, the association has a charter, which gives detailed information on the name, domicile, status, purpose, tasks and more. Executive bodies, which perform their tasks on an honorary basis, are the General Assembly, the Executive Board (which elects and appoints the President), the President and the Directorate.
Annual Congresses
An annual congress has been organised since 1996. The Congress comprises a range of invited symposia and multi-, inter-, and mono-disciplinary sessions.
EJSS
The European Journal of Sport Science (EJSS) is a peer-reviewed academic Medline- and Impact Factor-listed journal of the European College of Sport Science that focuses on the field of sport science. It provides a platform for researchers, academics, and professionals to publish their original research, review articles, and other scholarly contributions related to various aspects of sport and exercise science.
External links
Website: https://www.sport-science.org/
References
Sports governing bodies in Europe
Sports science
Sport in Cologne
Education in Cologne
Organisations based in Cologne
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European%20College%20of%20Sport%20Science
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Samuel Ernest Brooks (28 March 1890 – 13 January 1960) was an English footballer who spent the majority of his career with Wolverhampton Wanderers. He played for the club in the 1921 FA Cup final. After 13 years with Wolves, he joined Tottenham Hotspur in 1922, and later played for Southend United, Cradley Heath, and Kidderminster Harriers, before retiring in 1927.
Career
Brooks was born in Brierley Hill, and played local non-League football before he joined Wolverhampton Wanderers in July 1909. He eventually made his debut on 11 April 1911, in a goalless draw with Bradford Park Avenue. He made only sporadic appearances in his first few seasons before establishing himself in the 1912–13 season, as Wanderers posted a tenth-place finish in the Second Division. He finished the 1913–14 season as the club's top goalscorer with 11 goals. His best season came in 1914–15 when he missed just one game and scored 18 times, his best seasonal tally; the club pushed for promotion, but ended the campaign in fourth place.
During the war he guested for Birmingham, Port Vale and Coventry City. He won a cap from his country in a Victory International in October 1919 and also represented the Football League against the Irish League. He returned to Molineux after the war, as the club struggled at the foot of the Second Division table in 1919–20 and 1920–21. Despite their poor league form, the club put together a series of results in the FA Cup and went on to reach the final. Brooks won a runners-up medal in the 1921 FA Cup final after a 1–0 defeat to Tottenham Hotspur at Stamford Bridge. Their cup run proved to be a flash-in-the-pan, as they exited the cup in the First Round and continued to struggle in the league in 1921–22.
Brooks signed with Tottenham Hotspur in 1922, having scored 53 goals in 246 league and cup appearances in total for Wolves. However he struggled at White Hart Lane, and scored one goal in only ten First Division appearances in the 1922–23 and 1923–24 seasons. He spent the 1924–25 campaign at Southend United, and scored two goals in 12 Third Division South appearances. He soon dropped into non-League with clubs such as Cradley Heath and Kidderminster Harriers, before retiring in 1927.
Statistics
Source:
Honours
Wolverhampton Wanderers
FA Cup runner-up: 1921
References
1890 births
1960 deaths
Sportspeople from the Metropolitan Borough of Dudley
English men's footballers
Men's association football wingers
Bilston Town F.C. players
Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C. players
Birmingham City F.C. wartime guest players
Port Vale F.C. wartime guest players
Coventry City F.C. wartime guest players
Stoke City F.C. wartime guest players
Tottenham Hotspur F.C. players
Southend United F.C. players
Cradley Heath F.C. players
Kidderminster Harriers F.C. players
English Football League players
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sammy%20Brooks%20%28footballer%29
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The Davenport family is first recorded in pipe rolls dating before 1254. Roger de Davenport, Lord of Davenport held the hereditary office of Master Serjeant of the Peace for Macclesfield, Cheshire, England in the 1250s. Their residence was at Woodford and then at Capesthorne Hall, Macclesfield, which they still own.
Bromley-Davenport is the name of:
Arthur Bromley-Davenport (1867–1946), also known as A. Bromley Davenport, actor
Harry Bromley Davenport (born 1950), filmmaker
Hugh Bromley-Davenport (1870–1954), cricketer
Nicholas Walter Bromley-Davenport (born 1964), High Sheriff of Cheshire 2007–08
Sir Walter Bromley-Davenport (1903–1989), politician
William Bromley-Davenport, several individuals
External links
The lineage of the Bromley Davenports
Bromley Davenport Muniments. The National Archives. John Rylands Library, Manchester University.
English-language surnames
Compound surnames
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bromley-Davenport
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Tootsie Roll () is a chocolate-flavored taffy that has been manufactured in the United States since 1907. The candy has qualities similar to both caramels and taffy without being exactly either confection. The manufacturer, Tootsie Roll Industries, is based in Chicago, Illinois. It was the first penny candy to be individually wrapped in America.
Introduction
According to the official company history, founder Leo Hirschfield (spelled Hirshfield in Tootsie Industries history) was an Austrian Jewish immigrant to the United States of America, son of an Austrian candy maker. He started his own career in the candy business at a small shop or factory located in New York City during 1896. He was employed in a senior position at the Stern & Saalberg company in Manhattan, New York, owned by Julius Stern and Jacob Saalberg, for many years.
Details of his early career are disputed. The more common version has him starting a candy shop in Brooklyn that later merged with Stern & Saalberg. Another version has him starting at the factory and rising to a senior development position.
The first candy that Hirschfield created was Bromangelon Jelly Powder. He completed the invention of Tootsie Rolls in 1907, after patenting a technique to give them their unique texture. He named the candy after his daughter Clara, whose nickname was "Tootsie". The first Tootsie Rolls were marketed commercially in September 1908. Hirschfeld became vice-president of the company, which changed its name to Sweets Company of America in 1917 around the time of the retirement of founders Stern and Saalberg. Hirschfield resigned or was fired in 1920, and subsequently started Mells Candy. On January 14, 1922, in his room at the Monterey Hotel in Manhattan, he shot himself dead, leaving a note saying that he was "sorry, but could not help it."
In 1935, the company was in serious difficulty. Tootsie Roll's principal supplier of paper boxes, Joseph Rubin & Sons of Brooklyn, concerned about the possible loss of an important customer, decided to acquire the troubled company. The company was listed on the New York Stock Exchange, but Bernard D. Rubin acquired a list of shareholders and approached them in person in order to purchase their shares. The Rubin family eventually achieved control of Tootsie Roll and agreed that Bernard Rubin would run the company as president. Under his leadership, the company was able to steadily increase sales and restore profits by changing the formula of the Tootsie Roll and increasing its size. Additionally, Rubin moved the company from Manhattan to a much larger plant in Hoboken, New Jersey, and guided the company successfully through the difficult war years during which vital raw materials were in short supply. When he died in 1948, he had increased the sales volume twelve-fold.
After Bernard Rubin's death, his brother William B. Rubin served as president until 1962, when William's daughter Ellen Rubin Gordon took control. As of August 2015, she is chairman and CEO of the company, having succeeded her late husband, Melvin Gordon, who was chairman and CEO for many years.
Tootsie Roll Industries (name adopted in 1966) is one of the largest candy manufacturers in the world. Approximately 64 million Tootsie Rolls are made daily.
According to the company website, the original recipe calls for the inclusion of the previous day's batch, "a graining process that Tootsie continues to this day. As such, there's (theoretically) a bit of Leo's very first Tootsie Roll in every one of the sixty four million Tootsie Rolls that Tootsie produces each day."
Advertisements
Tootsie Roll Hero
Captain Tootsie is an advertisement comic strip created for Tootsie Rolls in 1943 by C C Beck, Peter Costanza and Bill Schreider (1950 onwards). It featured the title character Captain Tootsie and his sidekick, a boy named Rollo (a black-haired boy), and three other young cohorts named Fatso (a red-haired boy), Fisty (a blonde boy), and Sweetie (a blonde-haired girl). It had stories in the form of full color one-page Sunday strips, black and white daily strips, and two issues of a comic book of the same title released by Toby Press. The advertisement comic was featured by many publishers and in the newspapers. Within the context of the stories, Captain Tootsie was quite strong and quicker to the punch than any of his enemies. His stories were light and "kid-friendly". Captain Tootsie's comic strip ads ended in the 1950s.
In the 1970s, artist Herb Trimpe is believed to have modeled the original costume for the Marvel Comics character Doc Samson partly on Captain Tootsie's uniform. In 2019, artist/writer Erik Larsen used Captain Tootsie as one of several older comic book characters in the public domain as part of his Savage Dragon series.
Jingle
The Tootsie Roll jingle, "Whatever It Is I Think I See", was recorded at Blank Tape Studios, New York in 1976. Elements of this ad can occasionally be seen today during advertised children's programming. It aired on television regularly for more than 20 years, mostly during Saturday morning cartoon programming. The jingle was sung by a nine-year-old, Rebecca J. Weinstein, and 13-year-old David Johnson, the children of jazz musicians and friends of the song's composer. Originally David was to sing the solo "Whatever it is I think I see becomes a Tootsie Roll to me", but his voice was changing and cracked on the high notes, and so, the solo was given to Rebecca. Rebecca still has the original reel-to-reel audio tape recording.
Ingredients
The current U.S. ingredients of a Tootsie Roll are: sugar, corn syrup, palm oil, condensed skim milk, cocoa, whey, soy lecithin, and artificial and natural flavors.
In 2009, Tootsie Rolls became certified kosher by the Orthodox Union.
Alternative flavors
In addition to the traditional cocoa-flavored Tootsie Roll, several additional flavors have been introduced. Known as Tootsie Fruit Chews, flavors include cherry, orange, vanilla, lemon, and lime. These varieties are wrapped in red, orange, blue, yellow, and green wrappers, respectively. They also offer a special Mega Mix bag that includes specialty flavors, green apple, blue raspberry, and grape. The specialty Fruit Chews are wrapped in dark green, dark blue, and purple to correlate with their flavors. Tootsie Frooties come in numerous different fruit flavors, including strawberry, blue raspberry, grape, green apple, banana berry, smooth cherry, fruit punch, pink lemonade, root beer, cranberry, blueberry, watermelon, and the newest, mango.
See also
List of confectionery brands
References
External links
Tootsie Roll Tragedy: The Real Leo Hirschfeld Story
Brand name confectionery
Tootsie Roll Industries brands
Products introduced in 1907
Kosher food
Candy bars
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tootsie%20Roll
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Le Havre is a board game about the development of the town of Le Havre. It was inspired by the games Caylus and Agricola and was developed in December 2007.
The game was edited by Uwe Rosenberg and Hanno Girke and the former gets the main cover credit. The illustrator was Klemens Franz while the English translator was Melissa Rogerson. Numerous credits are given to others who assisted with playtesting and other tasks. The game was published by Lookout Games and distributed by Heidelberger Spieleverlag.
The game was released at Spiel 2008 in both German and Australian English, with both editions published by Lookout Games. It did not do as well as its predecessor Agricola in the Fairplay polls, with a rating of 2.51 (1 is best), but has a high rating of 7.9/10 at BoardGameGeek (a different rating system), ranking among the top 100 games and is generally considered to be highly regarded by critics.
The game was adapted into an iOS app by Codito Development Inc. and released on June 21, 2012. The game has a Metacritic rating of 82% based on 6 critic reviews.
A two player version called Le Havre: The Inland Port was released in 2012. There is also a corresponding iOS app.
Gameplay
The gameplay takes place in the harbour of Le Havre, where players take goods such as fish and wood from the wharves. These goods are used either to feed the players' community, to construct buildings and ships, or are processed into finished goods. For example, a smokehouse building may be constructed in which players may process fish into smoked fish, which is more valuable.
The game is played for a set number of rounds. The winner is the player with the greatest net wealth at the end.
Points are earned by making money, building buildings and ships (which each have their own values), and selling goods. At the end of each round, players must be able to give food to their workers. The amount of food depends on the round number and the number of players, starting out low and gradually increasing as the game progresses. Players not planning ahead will soon find themselves with a shortage of food which will require taking loans from the Bank. Building ships can help with this food problem, as each ship will give the player a discount on their food each round (they count as trade routes which give the player more sources of food).
References
External links
Lookout Games' Le Havre homepage
Board games introduced in 2008
Board games about history
Uwe Rosenberg games
Worker placement board games
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%20Havre%20%28board%20game%29
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Grégory Carraz (born 9 April 1975) is a retired professional French tennis player. During his career, he reached one ATP Tour doubles final.
Career finals
Doubles: 1 (1 runner-up)
Challengers and Futures finals
Singles: 14 (7–7)
Doubles: 13 (6–7)
External links
1975 births
Living people
French male tennis players
Sportspeople from Boulogne-Billancourt
People from Bourgoin-Jallieu
Tennis players at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Isère
Olympic tennis players for France
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A9gory%20Carraz
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Ruy Seabra (born 13 May 1947) is a Portuguese lawyer and was briefly a football manager.
He had no football experience when he was announced as the choice of then President of the Portuguese Football Federation, Silva Resende, for manager of the Portugal national football team, after the disappointing presence at the 1986 World Cup finals, mostly due to the Saltillo Affair.
Seabra was officially the team selector, while Juca would be the coach for the UEFA Euro 1988 qualifying. The absence of all the members of the national team present at the recent World Cup, made the mission of qualifying almost impossible. The unlikely partnership lasted 6 matches, with one win, 4 draws and 1 loss. After the 2–2 draw with Malta, Seabra resigned and Juca assumed full functions for the rest of the qualifyings.
References
External links
Profile of Ruy Seabra (In Portuguese)
1947 births
Living people
20th-century Portuguese lawyers
Portuguese football managers
Portugal national football team managers
21st-century Portuguese lawyers
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruy%20Seabra
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Agnar Johannes Barth (26 August 1871 – 4 May 1948) was a Norwegian forester.
He was born in Lillehammer as the son of Jacob Bøckmann Barth. Carl G. Barth was his brother. Described as his "country's leading authority on forestry for many years", he was a professor at the Norwegian College of Agriculture from 1921, and served as rector (roughly, the president) there from 1928 to 1933.
Barth was a reserve officer in the Norwegian Army, attaining the rank of Second Lieutenant in 1891. In one of his first immatriculation speeches, in 1929, he praised the youth in general, and especially the youth who "has created Mussolini's Italy while struggling against corrupted radicalism and communism; an Italian country, which from an essentially impoverished state, standing on the brink of cultural and material collapse, in the course of a few years have been brought fourth to a blossoming state, where the entire people, united and purposeful, with incredible intensity labour for the country's progress".
References
1871 births
1948 deaths
Norwegian foresters
Academic staff of the Norwegian College of Agriculture
Rectors of the Norwegian University of Life Sciences
People from Lillehammer
Norwegian Army personnel
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agnar%20Johannes%20Barth
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The Pennsylvania Shakespeare Festival (PSF) is a professional theatre company in residence at DeSales University in Center Valley, Pennsylvania and the official Shakespeare Festival of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
The Festival is organized as a non-profit 501(c)(3) in Pennsylvania. Each summer, PSF produces six or more plays (often including a musical) and special one-night-only performances. In the fall, PSF tours a Shakespeare play to schools as part of its Linny Fowler WillPower tour. Since its inception, the Festival has been attended by over 1,000,000 people. The acting company consists primarily of professional actors from New York and Philadelphia and who are members of Actors' Equity Association. The plays are performed in two theatres in The Labuda Center for the Performing Arts: the 473-seat proscenium Main Stage or the 187-seat thrust Schubert Theatre on the DeSales University campus in Center Valley.
Pennsylvania Shakespeare Festival is listed as a major festival in the book Shakespeare Festivals Around the World by Marcus D. Gregio (Editor), 2004.
Productions
2023 season
Henry IV, Part 2 - By William Shakespeare • May 31 - June 11 • Schubert Theatre
In the Heights - Music & Lyrics by Lin-Manuel Miranda; Book by Quiara Alegría Hudes; Conceived by Lin-Manuel Miranda • June 14 - July 2 • Main Stage
The Complete Works of William Shakespeare (abridged) [revised] [again] - By Adam Long, Daniel Singer, Jess Winfield; New Revisions by Daniel Singer and Jess Winfield • June 28 - July 16 • Outdoor Stage
The Tempest - By William Shakespeare • July 12 - August 6 • Main Stage
Jane Austen's Sense and Sensibility - Adapted by Jessica Swale • July 20 - August 5 • Main Stage
Lady Day at Emerson's Bar & Grill - By Lanie Robertson; Musical Arrangements by Danny Holgate • July 19 - August 6 • Schubert Theatre
"Play On!" Community TourA Midsummer Night's Dream - By William Shakespeare • June 2 - June 18 • Your Community
James and the Giant Peach - From the book by Roald Dahl; Dramatized by Richard R. George • July 7 - August 6 • Schubert Theatre
Shakespeare For Kids - By Erin Sheffield • July 26 - August 5 • Main Stage
2022 season
Every Brilliant Thing - By Duncan Macmillan • June 7- June 19 • Schubert Theatre
A Chorus Line - Conceived and Originally Directed and Choreographed by Michael Bennett; Book by James Kirkwood & Nicholas Dante; Music by Marvin Hamlish; Lyrics by Edward Kleban; Co Choreographed by Bob Avian • June 22 - July 10 • Main Stage
Much Ado About Nothing - By William Shakespeare • July 13 - August 7 • Schubert Theatre
August Wilson's Fences - July 27-August 7 • Main Stage
The River Bride (Staged Reading) - By Marisela Treviño Orta • July 1 - July 3 • Schubert Theatre
Shakespeare For Kids - By Erin Sheffield • July 28 - August 6 • Main Stage
Little Red - By Andrew Kane • June 3 - August 6 • Schubert Theatre
2021 season
Native Gardens- By Karen Zacharias
How I Learned What I Learned- By August Wilson • June 29 - July 11 • Main Stage
A Midsummer Night's Dream- By William Shakespeare • July 20 - August 1 • Air Products Open Air Theatre
In Concert with Phoenix Best- July 12 • Air Products Open Air Theatre
An Iliad- By Lisa Peterson and Denis O'Hare • July 7 - August 1 • Main Stage
Love's Labour's Lost- By William Shakespeare (PSF Young Company) • July 24–25 • Air Products Open Air Theatre
Charlotte's Web- By Joseph Robinette • June 25 - July 31 • Air Products Open Air Theatre
2020 season
Pennsylvania Shakespeare Festival's 2020 season was scheduled to begin on May 29, 2020. On March 30, 2020 Pennsylvania Shakespeare Festival released a statement saying that the 2020 season would be cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. PSF continues to engage with patrons through the "At Home with PSF" program which features interviews with artists, staff memories, and theatre resources.
2019 season
Crazy for You - Music and Lyrics by George and Ira Gershwin; Book by Ken Ludwig • June 12 - June 30 • Main Stage
The Mystery of Irma Vep – A Penny Dreadful – By Charles Ludlam • June 20 - July 14 • Schubert Theatre
Antony & Cleopatra - By William Shakespeare • July 10 - August 4 • Main Stage
Private Lives - By Noël Coward • July 18 - August 4 • Main Stage
Henry IV, Part 1 - By William Shakespeare • July 24 - August 4 • Schubert Theatre
The Adventures of Robin Hood and Maid Marian - By Brandon E. McLauren • May 31 - August 3 • Schubert Theatre
Shakespeare for Kids - By Erin Sheffield • July 24 - August 3 • Main Stage
2018 season
Ragtime - Book by Terrence McNally; Music by Stephen Flaherty; Lyrics by Lynn Ahrens; Based on the novel “RAGTIME” by E.L. Doctorow • June 13 - July 1 • Main Stage
Twelfth Night – By William Shakespeare • June 21 - July 15 • Schubert Theatre
Shakespeare in Love - Based on the screenplay by Marc Norman and Tom Stoppard; Adapted for the stage by Lee Hall; Music by Paddy Cunneen • July 11 - August 5 • Main Stage
King Richard II - By William Shakespeare • July 19 - August 5 • Main Stage
All's Well That Ends Well - By William Shakespeare • July 25 - August 5 • Schubert Theatre
Alice in Wonderland - By Michele L. Vacca • June 1 - August 4 • Schubert Theatre
Shakespeare for Kids - By Erin Sheffield • July 25 - August 4 • Main Stage
2017 season
Evita - Lyrics by Tim Rice; Music by Andrew Llyod Webber • June 14 - July 2 • Main Stage
The Hound of the Baskervilles – By Sir Arthur Conan Doyle; Adapted by Steven Canny & John Nicholson • June 21 - July 16 • Schubert Theatre
The Three Musketeers - By Ken Ludwig; Adapted from the novel by Alexandre Dumas • July 12 - August 6 • Main Stage
As You Like It - By William Shakespeare • July 20 - August 6 • Main Stage
Troilus and Cressida - By William Shakespeare • July 26 - August 6 • Schubert Theatre
The Ice Princess - By Brandon E. McLauren; Adapted from Hans Christian Andersen • June 2 - August 5 • Schubert Theatre
Shakespeare for Kids - By Erin Sheffield • July 26 - August 5 • Main Stage
2016 season
West Side Story - Based on a conception of Jerome Robbins; Book by Arthur Laurents; Music by Leonard Bernstein; Lyrics by Stephen Sondheim; Entire original production directed and choreography by Jerome Robbins; Inspired by Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet • June 15 - July 3 • Main Stage
Julius Caesar – By William Shakespeare • June 22 - July 17 • Schubert Theatre
The Taming of the Shrew - By William Shakespeare • July 13 - August 7 • Main Stage
Blithe Spirit - By Noël Coward • July 21 - August 7 • Main Stage
Love's Labour's Lost - By William Shakespeare • July 27 - August 7 • Schubert Theatre
The Little Mermaid - By Linda Daugherty • June 3 - August 6 • Schubert Theatre
Shakespeare for Kids - By Erin Sheffield • July 27 - August 6 • Main Stage
2015 season
Les Misérables - Boubil and Schonberg's musical based on the 1862 novel by Victor Hugo Les Misérables • June 10 - June 28 • Main Stage
Around the World in 80 Days – By Mark Brown • June 17 - July 12 • Schubert Theatre
The Foreigner (play) - By Larry Shue • July 8 - August 2 • Main Stage
Henry V - William Shakespeare • July 16 - August 2 • Main Stage
Pericles - By William Shakespeare • July 22 - August 2 • Schubert Theatre
Rapunzel - Brothers Grimm fairy tale adapted by Erin Sheffield • May 29 - August 1 • Schubert Theatre
Shakespeare for Kids - By Erin Sheffield • July 22 - August 1 • Schubert Theatre
WillPower Tour
The Festival's signature education program is the annual Linny Fowler WillPower Tour, which brings a professionally produced Shakespeare play to middle schools and high schools throughout Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware. Initiated in 2000, the WillPower Tour is a professionally directed 80-minute production with sets and costumes featuring a company of professionally-trained and experienced actors and teachers. Half-day or full-day programming meet academic standards with curriculum guides provided in advance. Post-performance discussion gives students the opportunity to share their reactions and insights. Celebrating its 20th year, the fall 2019 WillPower Tour's production of Macbeth reached over 11,000 students in Pennsylvania and New Jersey.
History
The Pennsylvania Shakespeare Festival was founded in 1992 by Gerard J. Schubert, O.S.F.S., founder and chair of Performing and Fine Arts department at DeSales University.
Notable Actors
Steve Burns - 2013, Clown 1, The 39 Steps; 2011, Dromio of Syracuse, The Comedy of Errors; 2007, Amadeus, Amadeus
Keith Hamilton Cobb - 2016, Julius Caesar, Julius Caesar (play)
Christian Coulson - 2018, King Richard, King Richard II; 2018, Lord Wessex, Shakespeare in Love
Tom Degnan - 2012, Brick, Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, Don John, Much Ado about Nothing
Dan Domenech - 2017, Che, Evita
Kate Fahrner - 2015, Fantine, Les Misérables
Alexie Gilmore - 2013, Gwendolyn, The Importance of Being Earnest
William Michals - 2012, Sweeney Todd, Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street; 2011, Emile De Beque, South Pacific
Rachel Potter - 2015, Eponine, Les Misérables
Zack Robidas - 2015, Henry V, The Foreigner
Dee Roscioli - 2017, Eva Peron, Evita; 2012, Mrs. Lovett, Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street; 2010, Finale Cabaret
Marnie Schulenburg - 2011, Nellie Forbush, South Pacific; 2006, Celia, As You Like It, 2015 The Foreigner, Henry V
Paulo Szot - 2017, Juan Perón, Evita
References
External links
Official website
DeSales University
Festivals in Pennsylvania
Performing groups established in 1992
Shakespeare festivals in the United States
Tourist attractions in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennsylvania%20Shakespeare%20Festival
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Pfitzner is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Alexander Pfitzner (1880–1910), Hungarian-American engineer, designer and aviation pioneer
Alfred Pfitzner (1875–1948) German painter
Bernice Pfitzner (born 1938), Australian politician
Gavin Pfitzner (born 1966), Australian tennis player
Hans Pfitzner (1869–1949), German composer
Josef Pfitzner (1901–1945), German politician
Marc Pfitzner (born 1984), German footballer
Kurt Pfitzner (born 1958), United States Air Force Colonel
German-language surnames
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfitzner%20%28surname%29
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Pinball Quest is a 1989 pinball video game developed by Tose and published by Jaleco. Released for the Nintendo Entertainment System, Pinball Quest was unusual at the time of its release for its "unique" mash-up of pinball and role-playing game (RPG) mechanics, and it is considered the "first ever RPG pinball game."
Game play
The game includes four modes: a story-driven "RPG mode" as well as "Circus," "Viva! Golf," and "Pop! Pop!"
Circus (a slot machine-themed game) and Viva! Golf (a whack-a-mole-style game) are additional single-player modes. Pop! Pop! is a sports-themed multiplayer mode that can be played by up to 4 players.
RPG mode
In RPG mode, the player controls the silver pinball and progresses through a six-level castle to rescue Princess Bali from Beezelbub, the "Dark Lord of the Machine." As in traditional pinball, flippers are used to keep the ball in the playfield and accomplish objectives, such as hitting targets or defeating an enemy.
During game play, the player earns gold which can be spent at the Black Market, a store run by imps. At the Black Market, players can purchase upgraded flippers and stoppers.
Below are the six "RPG mode" stages and the notable characters or features in each stage as listed in the instruction manual.
Tomb (the Captain's Spirit, skeletons)
Gate (Ziffroo the witch, demon dogs)
Goblins (goblin kids, goblin guards)
River ("toitles," "Wheel O' Luck," dark knights)
Harpy (harpy, demon guards)
Throne room (Beezelbub)
Reception
Retrospective reviews of Pinball Quest focus on the novelty of its RPG elements. The game has been called a "curious mix of genres", with some reviewers describing it in more extreme terms, stating it is "among the most bizarre genre hybrids in the history of video games" and a "baffling experiment."
Reviews
Questicle.net
The Video Game Critic
All Game Guide
Random Access
References
External links
Pinball Quest at MobyGames
Pinball Quest at GameFAQs
1989 video games
Jaleco games
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Nintendo Entertainment System games
Nintendo Entertainment System-only games
Pinball video games
Role-playing video games
Tose (company) games
Video games developed in Japan
Video games set in castles
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinball%20Quest
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Fox Learning Systems is an American e-learning and multimedia training company based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Founding
Debra Fox is a former news anchor for WTAE-TV, the Pittsburgh ABC affiliate. She founded Fox Learning Systems after witnessing the training problems plaguing the long term care industry. "If you do training well enough, people will learn," said Fox in an interview with Seton Hill University's E-Magnify journal. She has won numerous awards for her work with Fox Learning Systems. She also publishes a blog related to the elder care industry
Studies
Fox Learning Systems has conducted and participated in numerous studies related to psychiatric learning and elder care. The National Institute of Health as well as the National Institute of Mental Health has awarded grants to Fox Learning Systems to study a variety of aspects in the eldercare field. For example, in 2002 the National Institute of Health awarded $566,000 to Fox Learning Systems for two research grants.
In 2002, Fox Learning Systems conducted a 6-month randomized experiment comparing computer-based and lecture-based learning for nursing-home staff education. This study was conducted to find if interactive multimedia training would be feasible for compliance training in nursing homes.
In 2003, Fox Learning Systems provided the educational component of a study to improve quality of care and quality of life in nursing homes. Pressure ulcers were dramatically reduced. In addition, using the animation, the nursing staff learned to identify early stage pressure ulcers in different skin tones. Prior to this study, African-American nursing home residents with one pressure ulcer were likely to have multiple ulcers whereas this was not the case for Caucasian residents. After the education, no one, white or black, had more than a single pressure ulcer.
In 2004 Fox Learning Systems conducted a study based on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale to see if actors could effectively portray depressed patients. Their findings have been published in the American Journal of Psychiatry. Through this study Fox Learning System launched accupsych.com a learning system that can be used to train research raters.
In 2005, Drs. Eric Lenze of Washington University in St. Louis and colleagues conducted a study to determine if stroke victims could identify their own risk factors for stroke after completing inpatient physical rehabilitation. Surprisingly, the majority of patients were unaware of their own risk factors and therefore were not in a position to change any lifestyle patterns that would reduce risk of a subsequent stroke. Dr. Lenze and his colleagues approached Fox Learning Systems, Inc with the challenge of developing an adaptive learning educational tool that stroke victims would be able to use with the computer compensating for specific neurological deficits.
In 2005, Fox Learning Systems conducted an NIH funded study dealing with Electroconvulsive therapy. They produced an Interactive video to simplify and provide patient information on ECT.
In 2008, Fox Learning Systems started phase two of their "Web Based Training for Families of Longterm Care". This seeks to assess family satisfaction, involvement, complaints, resident quality care and quality of life".
In 2008, Fox Learning Systems started phase two of the NIH funded "Do Clinical Rehabilitation Education Programs Really Improve Stroke-Related Knowledge?". This is currently in the early stages of development with a time table of 3 years to completion.
Training
Fox Learning Systems develops web based e-learning training. The company has a focus on elder care but has created learning content for other medical related fields. Fox Learning Systems bases its training through a hybrid of multimedia and video presentations. Their programs are broken down into chapters after which a multimedia test is given and tracked on a Learning Management System. The tracking is reported to staff and managers to see if employees maintain the education and skills to remain compliant.
References
External links
Rite Aid Giving Care for Parents
AccuPsych Website
Elder Care Family Center Website
Video production companies
Companies based in Pittsburgh
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fox%20Learning%20Systems
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Springwest Academy, formerly Feltham Community College, is a Secondary school in Feltham in the London Borough of Hounslow.
Overview
In addition to the mainstream school, FCC incorporates two specialist units: the Autism Resource Centre (ARC), and the PD Centre for students with physical disabilities.
History
In the 1960s three schools, Tudor Grammar, De Brome (Boys Secondary Modern) School and Lafone (Girls Secondary Modern) School, were amalgamated to form Feltham Comprehensive School, known as "The Feltham School". The school ran from three sites, Upper School, Browells Lane (former Tudor Grammar site), and East and West Buildings located in Boundaries Road on the opposite side of the busy A312 Uxbridge Road. The Boundaries Road buildings were the former De Brome and Lafone sites respectively.
When Feltham School opened, the former Lafone building had 12-form entry at age 11,("Lower School") with pupils transferring to the De Brome building ("Middle School") for what were then known as the third and fourth years of secondary school (years 9 and 10 under the current year name system). In later years, prior to the move to a single site, both these buildings accommodated 11-14 year olds, i.e. present school years 7-10, with an equal number of forms in each building.
During the late 1970s the school had a poor reputation. The first head teacher of Feltham School, Percy Bambury, encountered many difficulties related to the adjustment to a non-selective comprehensive system while trying to retain many of the high standards of achievement of the former Tudor Grammar, of which he had also been Head Teacher. Separate Deputy Heads for each of the individual buildings attempted to encourage pupils to aim high and "seize the day" (the English translation of the new school's motto, still in use today). The catchment area for the school is often described by media commentators as a tough working class suburb of London, though in reality children at the school come from a wide range of backgrounds in an area with Heathrow Airport as the principal employer, but many other service, IT and retail industries operating in the area too.
The poor reputation may not have been entirely justified, however. The school achieved considerable success with musical productions and individual achievers such as Michael Collins and Wilfred Penny-Worth-Smythe. Also during this period, starting in November 1975, Deputy Head Brian Tyler (later featured in a BBC TV series about another comprehensive of which he became head) instituted what became a regular exchange programme for a number of years between students in the upper years of the school and Eton College in nearby Windsor. Feltham students stayed in the Eton College houses, went to lessons and generally entered into Eton's extra-curricular activities, while their Eton counterparts of similar age attended classes and social activities at Feltham while staying with the families of their exchanges.
The appointment of Paul M. Grant as Head Teacher on the retirement of Percy Bambury in 1976 led to improvements in both discipline and standards. There was also a large investment in the school by the London Borough of Hounslow. A sixth form centre and additional facilities for pupils of 15–16 years, necessitated by the raising of the school leaving age in 1973, had led to the construction of what became known as the ROSLA block on the Browells Lane site. This was followed with the opening in 1983 of the Art, Design and Technology Building, and the construction of the first astroturf pitches in the borough.
With the completion of this building, the former Lafone Girls School site (by now known as Lower West) was closed, with the exception of the separate gymnasium building. The main school building had been diagnosed with concrete cancer and was scheduled for demolition, which was completed by 1985.
Through the mid to late 1980s, the school became more involved in community education, no longer restricting use of the school for those between the ages 11 to 19. This led to the school changing its name to Feltham Community School. Popular evening classes even enabled former less successful students of the school to re-take A Levels in adult life and in many cases to go on to mature age entry to higher education.
The school continued working on two sites, i.e. the old De Brome ("Lower East") building and the Browells Lane (Tudor) complex, with pupils having to move between both via a purpose-built footbridge across the main road during breaks until the new Maths, Science, IT, and Library building was opened in 1985. Once open the former De Brome Boys School or East Building was closed, again with the exception of the gym. The De Brome building as a whole has however since remained in largely educational and Youth Service use, initially as a Road Safety Centre for the borough of Hounslow, and now as the Feltham campus of West Thames College, which offers mainly tertiary and technical education for the 16-19 year age group, though some provision is also now being made for younger pupils post-14 to study technical subjects here. Noteworthy.
In April 1986 the new state of the art Library was officially opened as the Russell Kerr Library, by the Labour Party leader at the time, the Right Honourable Neil Kinnock. Australian-born Kerr had been the area's Labour MP for many years. A time capsule was also buried with contemporary items to be unearthed 50 years later.
The final stage of development, a new sports complex, was delayed due to council cuts. This left sports and Physical Education still on three sites. In the early 1990s the new sports complex was built and completed. This finally brought the school on to one site.
The former Lafone Girls School (West Building) site has since become a small housing estate, the names of which include De Brome Road, Slattery Road (after a former local councillor) and Wyatt Close. The former school gym still exists and is now used by Sportac 76, a Sports Gymnastics club which began life in the year of the Montreal Olympic games and the success of Jeff Davis, a former Tudor and Feltham pupil who was a talented gymnast.
The Browells lane site stands on part of Hanworth Park, also known as Hanworth Air Park which was one of London's first aerodromes. These were once the grounds of Hanworth Palace, a former hunting lodge for King Henry VIII of England, hence the original grammar school's name of "Tudor Grammar" with the Tudor rose as its emblem.
The school converted to an academy in 2011, but remained Feltham Community College, until it was renamed in 2016, as the current Springwest Academy.
While named Feltham Community College, Ms Smith remained headteacher until Ms Victoria Eadie was in the post in 2010.
Mr Simon Hart is the current Principal of Springwest Academy.
The actor, Martin Freeman, officially opened the new school library on 4 November 2021.
Notable former pupils
Levi Bellfield - Serial killer
Patsy Morris, victim of unsolved murder in 1980 (Bellfield's childhood girlfriend at the school)
Tommy Boyd - TV presenter and broadcaster
Mo Farah - (double Olympic gold medalist, 5000 metres and 10000 metres men's track events, London 2012)
Jamie O'Callaghan - (Harlequins Rugby League)
Benedict Taylor - TV, film and stage actor
References
External links
College website
Academies in the London Borough of Hounslow
Secondary schools in the London Borough of Hounslow
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Springwest%20Academy
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Transfer payments are a collection of payments made by the Government of Canada to Canadian provinces and territories under the Federal–Provincial Arrangements Act. Chief among these are the Canada Social Transfer, the Canada Health Transfer and equalization payments. The last of these can be spent however the receiving provinces see fit, while the first two are intended to support social and health services respectively.
The health transfer is the largest of the three, with a combined cash and tax point value of $36.1 billion in the 2017-2018 budget. The social transfer has a cash and tax point value of $13.3 billion while the general equalization payments distributed $17.6 billion to six "have-not" provinces.
While the territories do not participate in the equalization payment program (the Territorial Formula Financing program taking its place), they do participate in the health and social transfers.
Total federal transfers
The Canadian federal government announced in 2023-24, $94.6 billion to transfer to the provinces and territories through major transfers (Canada Health Transfer, Canada Social Transfer, Equalization and Territorial Formula Financing), direct targeted support and trust funds), a $7 billion increase from the previous year, 2022-23.
Canada Health Transfer
Unlike Equalization payments, which can be spent however the receiving provinces sees fit, the funds received as part of the Canada Health Transfer must be used by provinces and territories for the purposes of "maintaining the national criteria" for publicly provided health care in Canada as set out in the Canada Health Act.
The Canada Health Transfer is made up of a cash transfer and tax transfer. In 2016-17, cash transfer payments from the federal government to the provinces and territories were $36.1 billion and tax point transfers were worth -$4.3 billion. The Canadian Health Transfer increases in line with a three-year moving average of nominal GDP growth, with funding guaranteed to increase by at least 3.0 per cent per year.
While the transfer is allocated on an equal per capita basis, the cash component is not because it takes into account the value of provincial/territorial tax points. The value of a tax point represents the amount of revenue that is generated by one percentage point of a particular tax (in the case of the Canada Health Transfer and the Canada Social Transfer, the personal income tax or the corporate income tax). Since provinces do not have identical economies and, therefore, have unequal capacity to raise tax revenues, a tax point is worth more in a wealthy province than in a poorer province.
Canada Social Transfer
The Canada Social Transfer is the Canadian government's transfer payment programme in support of post-secondary education, social assistance and social services, including early childhood development and early learning and childcare. It was made independent from the Canada Health and Social Transfer programme on April 1, 2004 to allow for greater accountability and transparency for federal health funding. In the 2017/18 fiscal year, the Canada Social Transfer was projected to be $13.7 billion. The Canada Social Transfer is legislated to grow at 3.0 per cent per year.
Equalization payments
In Canada, the federal government makes payments to less wealthy Canadian provinces to equalize the provinces' "fiscal capacity" — their ability to generate tax revenues. The program began in 1957. In 2016-2017, six provinces will receive $17.9 billion in equalization payments from the federal government.
Until the 2009–2010 fiscal year, Ontario was the only province to have never received equalization payments; in 2009-2010 Ontario received 347 million dollars, while Newfoundland, which has received payments since the program's creation, is now a so-called "have" province, and is now a net contributor and does not receive payments.
Canada's territories are not included in the equalization program – the federal government addresses territorial fiscal needs through the Territorial Formula Financing program.
Equalization payments are based on a formula that calculates the difference between the per capita revenue yield that a particular province would obtain using average tax rates and the national average per capita revenue yield at average tax rates. The current formula considers five major revenue sources (see below). The objective of the program is to ensure that all provinces have access to per capita revenues equal to the potential average of all ten provinces. The formula is based solely on revenues and does not consider the cost of providing services or the expenditure need of the provinces.
Equalization payments do not involve wealthy provinces making direct payments to poor provinces as the money comes from the federal treasury. As an example, a wealthy citizen in Quebec, a so-called "have not" province, pays more tax into the federal system and funds more equalization than a poorer citizen in Alberta that pays less federal tax, a so-called "have" province. However, because of Alberta's wealth, the citizens of Alberta as a whole are net contributors to equalization, while the government of New Brunswick, therefore the citizens, are net receivers of equalization payments.
Equalization payments are one example of what are often collectively referred to in Canada as "transfer payments", a term used in other jurisdictions to refer to cash payments to individuals. Unlike conditional transfer payments such as the Canada Health Transfer or the Canada Social Transfer, the money the provinces receive through equalization can be spent in any way the provincial government desires. The payments are meant to guarantee "reasonably comparable levels" of health care, education, and welfare in all the provinces. The definition of "reasonably comparable levels", however, has been the subject of considerable debate.
In 2016–2017, the total amount of the program was roughly 17.9 billion Canadian dollars.
Traditionally, the payments have been seen as a way of promoting national unity. In addition, the ebb and flow of receiving or paying into equalization by the various provinces has moderated both recession and growth periods within individual provincial economies, which has increased long-term stability in the Canadian economy as a whole. Only a very small amount of Canadian government revenue is put into equalization; for 2009, it was slightly over 2%, at 13.6 billion out of 633.6 billion total revenue Canadian dollars.
See also
Transfer payment
References
Economy of Canada
Fiscal federalism
Transfer payments
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian%20transfer%20payments
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Arnor Njøs (21 June 1930 – 1 May 2019) was a Norwegian soil scientist. Nimbast hoiste.
He was born in Leinstrand. He graduated from the Norwegian College of Agriculture in 1955, and took the M.Sc. degree at the University of Illinois in 1961. He was a professor at the Norwegian College of Agriculture from 1979 to 1989, serving as rector from 1984 to 1989, and headed the Norwegian Centre for Soil and Environmental Research from 1990 to 1995.
He was decorated as a Knight, First Class of the Order of St. Olav in 1997. In 1998 an honorary degree at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences was bestowed upon him. He died in 2019.
References
1930 births
2019 deaths
Norwegian soil scientists
Norwegian College of Agriculture alumni
Academic staff of the Norwegian College of Agriculture
Rectors of the Norwegian University of Life Sciences
University of Illinois alumni
Scientists from Trondheim
20th-century Norwegian scientists
21st-century Norwegian scientists
20th-century Norwegian educators
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnor%20Nj%C3%B8s
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The timeline of some of the most relevant events in the Mexican drug war is set out below. Although violence between drug cartels had been occurring for three decades, the Mexican government held a generally passive stance regarding cartel violence through the 1980s and early 2000s.
That changed on December 11, 2006, when the newly elected President Felipe Calderón sent 6,500 Mexican Army soldiers to the state of Michoacán to end drug violence there. This is regarded as the first major retaliation made against the cartel violence, and viewed as the starting point of the Mexican drug war between the government and the drug cartels. As time passed, Calderón continued to escalate his anti-drug campaign, in which as of 2008 there were about 45,000 troops involved along with state and federal police forces. In 2017, after the capture of Sinaloa cartel leader Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán and his extradition to the U.S., turf wars between Sinaloa and CJNG escalated as did the number of homicides in Mexico.
In December 2018, newly incoming President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador pledged to bring down gang-fueled violence and on January 30, 2019, Obrador declared the end of the Mexican war on drugs. but homicides hit a record level in 2019 with 34,600 murders and continued to climb even during the coronavirus lockdown.
2006
November 25 – Popular singer Valentín Elizalde is ambushed and gunned down along with his manager (and best friend) Mario Mendoza Grajeda, and driver Reynaldo Ballesteros, in the border city of Reynosa, across the border from McAllen, Texas.
December 1 – President Felipe Calderón assumes office. He also imposes a cap on salaries of high-ranking public servants and orders a raise on the salaries of the Federal Police and the Mexican Armed Forces.
December 11 – Operation Michoacán is launched against the La Familia Michoacana cartel. A total of more than 60 Mexican soldiers and more than 100 police officers, and 500 cartel gunmen are killed in the operation.
2007
January 2 – Operation Baja California is launched.
January 20 – Drug lord Osiel Cárdenas Guillén is extradited to the USA.
March 17 – Zhenli Ye Gon is relieved of US$213 million in Mexico City.
May 14 – Jorge Altriste, head of operations for Mexico's elite police force in Tijuana, is murdered.
December 2 – Popular singer Sergio Gómez is kidnapped and killed.
December 8 – Gerardo García Pimentel, a crime reporter, is killed.
December 29 – The entire police force in the town of Playas de Rosarito, Baja California, is disarmed under suspicions of collaborating with drug cartels.
For 2007, the drug-related death toll reached 2,477.
2008
January 1 – The Federal government, along with SEDENA, launches the Joint Operation Nuevo León-Tamaulipas in order to eliminate the operation areas of both the Gulf Cartel and Los Zetas.
January 21 – Mexican security forces capture drug lord Alfredo Beltrán Leyva.
March 27 – The Federal government launches the Operation Chihuahua to confront the three drug cartels operating in the state. Moreover, Ciudad Juárez's violence is among the major concerns in this operation.
April 26 – 15 people are killed in a gun battle between the Tijuana Cartel and a rival drug cartel.
May 8 – Acting commissioner of the Federal Police Édgar Eusebio Millán Gómez is gunned down in Mexico City. He was the highest-ranking Mexican official killed.
May 9 – Esteban Robles Espinosa, the commander of Mexico's investigative police force, is murdered in Mexico City.
May 13 – The Federal government launches the Operation Sinaloa to crack down on the Sinaloa Cartel, the Beltrán-Leyva Cartel, and Los Zetas in the state.
May 28 – Seven Federal Police agents die in a shootout in Culiacán.
May 31 – The United States announces it is implementing a drug trafficking law to impose financial sanctions on Mexican drug cartels.
June 26 – Police commander Igor Labastida is shot dead in a restaurant in Mexico City.
June 30 – The Mérida Initiative, a US$1.6 billion security cooperation agreement between the US and Mexico, announced on October 22, 2007, is signed into law.
September 13 – In Ocoyoacac, 24 bodies are found at a national park called La Marquesa; all bodies were shot and showed signs of torture.
September 15 – 2008 Morelia grenade attacks: eight civilians are killed and more than 100 are injured in Morelia after hand grenades are thrown into a crowd.
September 17 – Over 200 people across Mexico, Guatemala, Italy and the United States, including members of the Gulf Cartel and the 'Ndrangheta are arrested in a major anti-drug trafficking operation called Operation Solare.
October 22 – Police capture boss Jesús Zambada García of the Sinaloa Cartel after a shootout in Mexico City.
October 24 – Mexican criminal investigator Andrés Dimitriadis is shot dead by cartel gunmen (sicarios) in his car on his way home.
October 26 – The Mexican army captures drug lord Eduardo Arellano Félix after a shootout in Tijuana.
November 2 – The Federal Police chief Víctor Gerardo Garay resigns amidst claims of corruption. He is arrested and charged on December 10 for protecting the Beltrán-Leyva Cartel.
November 6 – In Reynosa, the Mexican army makes the largest weapon seizure in the history of Mexico. The seizure includes 288 assault rifles, 126 handguns, 166 grenades, 14 TNT explosives, 500,000 cartridges, over 1,000 ammunition magazines, and a rocket launcher.
November 7 – The Federal Police arrest Jaime González Durán in Tamaulipas; he was a founding member of Los Zetas.
November 17 – Rodolfo de la Guardia García, ex-director of Mexico's Interpol office, is arrested and charged of protecting the Beltrán-Leyva Cartel.
November 19 – Mexican Interpol chief Ricardo Gutiérrez Vargas is arrested on suspicion of links with drug cartels.
November 21 – Noé Ramírez Mandujano, ex-head of Mexico's anti-organized crime agency, is arrested on suspicion of links with drug cartels.
November 30 – Guatemalan and Mexican drug cartels clash on the two countries' border, leaving 18 dead.
December 10 – Felix Batista, an American anti-kidnapping expert, is kidnapped in Saltillo.
December 21 – Seven off-duty soldiers and one police commander are kidnapped, tortured and decapitated. Their heads are left at a shopping center located in Chilpancingo with a threat note to the military.
For 2008, the drug-related death toll reached 6,290.
2009
January 2 – Mexican authorities arrest Alberto Espinoza Barrón, one of the La Familia Michoacana cartel leaders.
January 6 – Gunmen fire on and throw grenades at the Televisa TV station in Monterrey during a nightly newscast, causing no injuries. A note left on the scene reads: "Stop reporting just on us. Report on the narco's political leaders."
January 22 – Police arrest Santiago Meza, a man who allegedly dissolved 300 bodies of rival drug traffickers for his boss Teodoro García Simental.
February 3 – The body of retired General Mauro Enrique Tello Quiñónez, who had been appointed a special drugs consultant to the Benito Juárez municipality mayor, is found near Cancún along with the bodies of his aide and a driver.
February 5 – Police capture trafficker and lieutenant Gerónimo Gámez García in Mexico City.
February 7 – The Federal government, along with SEDENA, launches the Operation Quintana Roo, sending thousands of troops to Cancún and several cities within the state. Several police officers in that state are found guilty of drug trafficking, and 'El Puma,' a Gulf Cartel lieutenant, is captured.
February 10 – Military troops take over a police station in Cancún in connection with the torture and murder of former general Mauro Enrique Tello Quiñónez, who led an elite anti-drugs squad.
February 12 – Gunmen assassinate Detective Ramón Jasso Rodríguez, the chief in charge of the homicide division for the state police of Nuevo León.
February 15 – The Mexican Navy, with the help of the United States Coast Guard, confiscate 7 tons of cocaine being transported on a fishing vessel in international waters in the Pacific Ocean.
February 17 – A shootout takes place in the city of Reynosa, between members of the Mexican Army and presumed members of the Gulf Cartel and Los Zetas. The death of the high-ranking Gulf Cartel leader Héctor Manuel Sauceda Gamboa is confirmed.
February 20 – Ciudad Juárez's Police Chief Robert Orduna announces his resignation after two police officers are killed. Drug traffickers had threatened to kill one police officer every 48 hours until the chief resigned.
February 22 – Five assailants attack the convoy of Chihuahua governor, José Reyes Baeza, killing a bodyguard.
February 24 – Mexican authorities extradite Miguel Ángel Caro Quintero, top-leader of the Sonora Cartel, to the U.S.
Heavily armed gunmen assassinate Adrián López, mayor of Vista Hermosa, Michoacán.
U.S. raids code-named Operation Xcellerator on the Sinaloa cartel in California, Minnesota and Maryland lead to 755 arrests, the discovery of a 'super meth lab' and laboratory equipment capable of producing 12,000 ecstasy pills per hour.
February 25 – The New York Times report on ATF statistics stating that 90% of traced guns originated in the United States. This prompts a resurgence of heated debates in USA concerning the reinstatement of the assault weapons ban.
February 28 – Close to 1,800 Mexican troops arrive in Ciudad Juárez as part of a contingent of 5,000 Federal Police and troops.
March 9 – The Mexican Army confirms the arrest of 26 members of the Arrellano Félix Cartel, including Ángel Jácome Gamboa (El Kaibil), one state police officer, one municipal police officer, and other suspects.
March 10 – The Mexican Ministry of Defense orders 6 Eurocopter EC 725 Helicopters from Eurocopter to transport soldiers in special operations. The deal is finalized behind closed doors between Felipe Calderón and French President Nicolas Sarkozy.
March 12 – The United States Department of Homeland Security states that it is considering using the National Guard 'as a last resort' to counter the threat of drug violence in Mexico from spilling over the border into the US.
March 19 – Mexican military captures Vicente Zambada Niebla alleged Sinaloa Cartel drug boss and son of drug lord Ismael Zambada García El Mayo.
March 22 – Gunmen kill Édgar Garcia, a state police commander in charge of investigating kidnappings and extortion in the western state of Michoacán.
March 23 - Mexican authorities publish a List of Mexico's 37 most-wanted drug lords
March 25 – A Mexican Special Forces Unit captures one of Mexico's most-wanted drug smugglers, Héctor Huerta Ríos.
March 26 – A US Marshal, Vincent Bustamante who was the subject of an arrest warrant, is found dead in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico.
Secretary of State Hillary Clinton announces the future delivery of an additional 8 Black Hawk helicopters to Mexican security forces.
Germán Torres Jiménez, alias El Z-25, a founding member of Los Zetas, is captured in Poza Rica.
April 2 – Vicente Carrillo Leyva, son of Amado Carrillo Fuentes, is arrested in Mexico City.
April 19 – Eight Federal Police agents are killed in an attack on a prison convoy transporting senior leaders of the Beltrán-Leyva Cartel.
The Federal Police captures 44 suspected members of La Familia Cartel, including its chief Rafael Cedeño Hernández "El Cede".
April 22 – The bodies of two undercover federal agents are found in Durango, along with a note saying "Neither priests nor rulers will ever get El Chapo" (referring to Joaquín Guzmán and with clear allusion to the comments of the Archbishop of Durango Héctor González Martínez.)
May 17 – Gulf cartel gunmen disguised as police officers break into a prison in Zacatecas and free 50 inmates.
May 27 – 27 high-ranking officials in Michoacán, including 10 mayors and a judge, are arrested for suspected collaboration with La Familia Cartel.
June 6 – A total of 16 cartel gunmen and 2 Mexican Army soldiers are killed during a four-hour shootout in Acapulco.
June 15 – Juan Manuel Jurado Zarzoza a lieutenant of the Gulf Cartel in Cancún is captured.
June 26 – Gunmen attempt to kill Ernesto Cornejo, a Partido Acción Nacional candidate, in Sonora, but fail.
July 7 – Anti-crime activist Benjamin LeBaron and his brother-in-law Luis Widmar are murdered after armed men storm their house in Galeana, Chihuahua.
July 11 – Several state police offices are attacked by gunmen in Michoacán, leaving several injured and 2 members of the Mexican Army dead.
July 14 – Twelve Mexican Federal Police agents are kidnapped, tortured and killed, with their bodies later disposed on a mountain highway. The agents were investigating crime in President Felipe Calderón's home state of Michoacán.
Julio César Godoy Toscano, who was elected July 5, 2009 to the Lower House of Congress, is discovered to be a top-ranking member of La Familia Michoacana drug cartel, and is accused of protecting that cartel. He is now a fugitive.
August 6 – A shootout between police and gunmen leaves over a dozen dead and 22 injured in Pachuca. Some kidnapped Federal agents are found alive, but the confrontation initiates simultaneous shootouts and grenade attacks on police installations around Mexico.
August 8 – Federal Police arrest Manuel Invanovich Zambrano Flores, a top lieutenant of the Tijuana Cartel.
August 9 – Mexican police defuse an attempt to kill Mexican President Felipe Calderón by the Sinaloa Cartel.
August 20 – The U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) disarticulate a large Mexican drug operation in Chicago, knocking out a major distribution network operating out of the city. The drug operation allegedly brought 1.5 to 2 tons of cocaine every month to Chicago from Mexico, and shipped millions of dollars south of the border.
September 3 – Gunmen attack a drug clinic in Ciudad Juárez, lining up patients against a wall and killing at least 17. José Rodolfo Escajeda of the Juárez cartel is arrested several days later.
September 16 – Ten people are killed in another gun attack on a drug rehabilitation clinic in Ciudad Juarez.
November 3 – Los Zetas founder Braulio Arellano Domínguez is killed by the Mexican Navy in the state of Veracruz.
December 15 – As part of the Mérida Initiative, the Mexican Air Force receives five Bell 412 helicopters worth $66 million from the United States to use for transport and reconnaissance missions for Mexico's drug war.
December 16 – A two-hour shootout between 200 Mexican Marines and Beltrán-Leyva Cartel gunmen leads to the death of Marcos Arturo Beltrán-Leyva, the leader of the criminal organization, in an upscale resort in Cuernavaca. Four of his bodyguards are also killed, one of whom commits suicide while surrounded by the Marines. Two marines are also injured while another, Navy 3rd Petty Officer Melquisedet Angulo Córdova, dies while being treated for his injuries.
December 22 – Only hours after the burial of 3rd Petty Officer Melquisedet Angulo Córdova, gunmen break into his family's house and kill his mother and three other relatives. The shooting is believed to be retaliation for the death of Marcos Arturo Beltrán-Leyva, as well as a warning against the military forces.
For 2009, the drug-related death toll reached 7,724.
2010
January 2 – Carlos Beltrán Leyva, brother of Marcos Arturo Beltrán-Leyva is arrested by Federal Police officers in Culiacán, Sinaloa.
January 8 – Due to high crime rates in the municipality of Tancítaro, Michoacán, the Municipal Police force is disbanded. City officials leave the Army and State Police in charge of public security.
January 12 – Federal Police agents arrest a partner of the Tijuana Cartel, Teodoro "El Teo" García Simental in La Paz, Baja California Sur.
January 28 – Ernesto Coronel Peña, Juan Jaime Coronel, Juan Ernesto Coronel Herrera, and Gael Carbel Aldana, several members of the Coronel clan are arrested.
January 31 – Sixteen teenagers with no criminal ties are gunned down at a party in Ciudad Juárez.
February 1 – In Torreón, Coahuila, a group of gunmen open fire at three different bars throughout the city, killing 10 and injuring over 40 people.
February 24 – Los Zetas engage in a violent turf war against is former employer/partner, the Gulf Cartel, in the northern border city of Reynosa, Tamaulipas, rendering some border towns to "ghost towns".
March 5 – The Red Cross in Mexico no longer treats gunshot victims after finding themselves caught in cross fire.
March 14 – Three people associated with U.S. consulate are killed in Chihuahua in two drive-by shootings. Two of their children are injured. Presidents Obama and Calderón condemn the attack.
March 19 – Two graduate students from the ITESM in Monterrey are mistakenly killed by soldiers at the university's entrance during a gun battle against drug traffickers. Both students had engineering scholarships for academic excellence.
March 23 – US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, Defence Secretary Robert Gates, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Admiral Mike Mullen and Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano visit Mexico and pledge increased support in the fight against drug cartels.
March 30 – Cartel gunmen launch seven coordinated assaults against government forces by setting up roadblocks near Army garrisons, firing on checkpoints and ambushing patrols. Among the weapons used are armored vehicles, explosive devices and grenade launchers. The attacks are neutralized by Mexican troops. Mexican forces kill 18 cartel gunmen and seize more than 50 assault rifles, 61 grenades, 8 homemade explosive devices, numerous grenade launchers and 6 armored vehicles. Army casualties are limited to one soldier with an injured toe.
April 1 – Cartel gunmen initiate road blocks in Reynosa, and a single cartel member is killed in a shootout with Mexican soldiers. In Tampico, cartel gunmen ambush a state police checkpoint, killing one officer and wounding one officer, as well as a bystander.
April 23 – In San Dimas, Durango, troops clash with gunmen. Six gunmen are killed and one is captured. The army reports that only one of their own was injured.
May 15 – In Torreón, a group of gunmen open fire during the inauguration of 'Bar Las Juanas,' killing 8 and injuring 19 people.
May 31 – A mass grave containing 55 bodies is found in an abandoned mine near Taxco, Guerrero.
June 2 – In Tubutama, Sonora, right across the U.S. border from New Mexico, a gunfight between rival drug cartels leaves 21 people dead.
June 9 – Leader of the Los Zetas division in the state of Nuevo León, Raúl Héctor Luna, is arrested in Monterrey.
June 10 – 2010 Chihuahua shootings: 40 people are killed and at least 4 others are wounded in an attack by at least 30 gunmen in Chihuahua. The attack occurs at multiple places within the city, including a rehabilitation center where 19 of the victims die.
June 14 – In Michoacán, 12 Federal Police officers are killed and 13 wounded, several cartel gunmen are killed as well. A separate attack takes place in Ciudad Juárez, resulting in 3 gunmen dead and 2 Mexican soldiers wounded.
June 15 – Army soldiers kill 15 gunmen and confiscate twenty guns and two homemade explosives during a 40-minute shootout on the outskirts of Taxco.
June 26 – Banda Singer Sergio Vega, also known as "El Shaka", is murdered outside the city of Los Mochis in the state of Sinaloa.
June 27 – Gunmen kill nine people at a drug rehabilitation clinic in Gómez Palacio, Durango.
July 15 – La Línea, the Juárez Cartel's armed wing, uses a car bomb for the first time, setting a deadly trap against federal police in the city of Ciudad Juárez; the car bomb kills three police officers.
July 18 – Gunmen in five SUVs drive up to a party on the outskirts of Torreón, Coahuila and open fire killing 17 party-goers.
July 25 – In state of Nuevo Leon, 70 corpses are exhumed from clandestine mass graves. Also, the municipality of Benito Juárez counts with 51 of the total 70.
July 29 – Ignacio Coronel Villarreal, one of the three leaders of the Sinaloa Cartel is killed in a shootout with the Army in Zapopan, Jalisco. One soldier is also killed and another wounded during the shootout.
July 30 – On the heavy trafficked highway Matamoros-Ciudad Victoria, just outside San Fernando, Tamaulipas, 15 dead bodies from Los Zetas are left for display by the Gulf Cartel on the middle of the road.
August 22 – Four decapitated and mutilated bodies are discovered hanging by their ankles from a bridge in Cuernavaca in the southern state of Morelos. Héctor Beltrán Leyva takes responsibility for the killings in a message left with the bodies, which reads: "This is what will happen to all those who support the traitor Edgar Valdez Villarreal".
August 24 – Tamaulipas massacre: Following a gunfight in the state of Tamaulipas between gunmen alleged to be drug traffickers, in which three gunmen and a marine are killed, 72 bodies are recovered from a remote ranch in the state of Tamaulipas. It was "the biggest single discovery of its kind" in the ongoing drug war. The 58 men and 14 women were believed to be undocumented migrants from South and Central America trying to cross the border to the United States. A surviving migrant claimed that the migrants were kidnapped by the Los Zetas cartel and killed for refusing to do work for them. Twenty one rifles, 101 ammunition clips, four bullet-proof vests, camouflage uniforms and four vehicles are seized by officials. The bodies were found in a room, some of which were piled up on top of each other.
August 30 – Authorities capture Edgar "La Barbie" Valdez Villarreal, a U.S.-born trafficker who was fighting to lead the Beltrán-Leyva Cartel based in central Mexico.
September 2 – Twenty seven suspected drug cartel gunmen are shot dead in clashes near the U.S. border in the Mexican state of Tamaulipas; the bodies were found on a property believed to be owned by Los Zetas.
September 8 – The mayor of El Naranjo, San Luis Potosí, Alexander López García, is killed in his office by a group of gunmen.
September 9 – Gunmen kill 25 people in a series of drug-related attacks in Ciudad Juárez, marking the deadliest day in more than two years for the Mexican border city. Two graffiti messages appear in Ciudad Juárez threatening the Sinaloa Cartel drug lord Joaquin Guzman. One message reads: "You are killing our sons. You already did, and now we are going to kill your families."
September 10 – In the border city of Reynosa, across the border from McAllen, Texas, 85 inmates – 66 of whom were convicted or on trial for federal charges like weapons possession or drugs – scale the Reynosa prison's 20-foot (6-meter) walls using ladders. Forty four prison guards and employees were under investigation. Two were missing. A total of 201 inmates had escaped from prisons in the Mexican state of Tamaulipas since the start of the year.
September 12 – Mexican marines arrest Sergio Villarreal Barragán, a lieutenant of the Beltrán-Leyva Cartel.
September 16 – In Matamoros, Tamaulipas, over 25 people are killed after a confrontation between the Gulf Cartel, Los Zetas, and elements of the Mexican Navy, during the eve celebration of the Mexican Independence Day.
October 18 – Mexican authorities seize 105 tons of marijuana bound for the U.S., representing the biggest bust in the history of the state of Baja California. Soldiers and police seize the drugs in pre-dawn raids in three neighborhoods. The marijuana is found wrapped in 10,000 packages, with an estimated street value in Mexico of 4.2 billion pesos, or about $338 million.
October 22 – Gunmen kill 14 people at a boy's birthday party in Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua.
October 24 – Gunmen in Tijuana kill 13 people at a drug rehab clinic.
October 27 – Gunmen kill 15 people at a car wash in Tepic, Nayarit.
November 4 – In Ciudad Mante, Tamaulipas, 8 beheaded corpses are found on the trunk of a pickup truck. On top of the corpses, a poster reads the following: “This happens for supporting Los Zetas. Here are all your halcones (informants). Sincerely, the Gulf Cartel."
November 5 – Antonio Ezequiel Cárdenas Guillen, co-leader of the Gulf Cartel, is shot and killed during a gun battle against Mexican authorities, along with more than 50 of his gunmen, in the border city of Matamoros, Tamaulipas. Although not confirmed, some local sources claim over 100 people were killed in Matamoros that day
November 9 – Customs authorities at the International Airport of Mexico City seize 113 kilos of cocaine and two thousand bottles of pills with Risperidone.
November 9 – Mayor Gregorio Barradas Miravete is found executed with a note left on him that read: "This is going to happen to all those who continue to support Los Zetas."
November 22 – In the rural outsides of Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, drug cartel gunmen threaten a 77-year-old local entrepreneur, Don Alejo Garza Támez, to give away all his property. According to the report, they gave Don Alejo one day to leave his ranch before the gunmen arrived. If not, they threatened to kill him. Instead, Don Alejo made a fortress in his own ranch; setting up traps, and placing rifles on every house window, waiting for the arrival of the gunmen all by himself. When the gunmen arrived, Don Alejo shot and killed 4 of them, and gravely injured 2. Nevertheless, Don Alejo was killed, too, but he was commemorated for his heroic act.
December 3 – In Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexican authorities capture Edgar Jiménez Lugo, alias "El Ponchis," a 14-year-old hitman from the South Pacific Cartel. He is the youngest sicario that there is register of in Mexico; "El Ponchis" was well known for carrying out over 300 violent executions, most of them by mutilation, torture, and decapitation.
December 9 – Mexican authorities report that Nazario Moreno González, leader of La Familia Michoacana had been killed in a shootout with the federal police. However, it is later speculated that the drug lord is still alive, and on March 9, 2014, the Mexican government claims to have finally killed him in Michoacan.
December 18 – In Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, 151 inmates escape a federal prison—58 of them high-profile criminals—and investigations mention that the convicts left through the front door, implying that the director allowed them to escape.
December 19 – 2010 Puebla oil pipeline explosion: In the state of Puebla, a pipeline owned by PEMEX company explodes after thieves from Los Zetas attempt to siphon off the oil. The explosion kills 28 people, injures 52, and damages over 115 homes.
December 28 – Around 60 gunmen storm the small, indigenous town of Tierras Coloradas, Durango. The gunmen burn all the houses (40), cars (27), and an elementary school; over 200 natives are forced to flee the area, others are killed.
For 2010, the drug-related deaths reached 15,273.
2011
January 8 – 28 bodies were discovered in Acapulco, including the decapitated bodies of 15 young men, with the heads scattered around them, which were found outside the Plaza Sendero shopping center. Media reports say that three messages signed by Joaquin "El Chapo" Guzman, leader of the Sinaloa cartel, were found alongside the bodies. The other bodies include 6 found in a taxi behind a supermarket, 4 riddled with bullets in two residential neighborhoods and 3 others in other locations.
February 16 – In San Luis Potosí, the American ICE agent Jaime Zapata was ambushed, shot, and killed on a highway during his trajectory to Mexico City by a group of gunmen, later confirmed to be Los Zetas. The second agent, Victor Avila, was wounded, and is now in the United States. The gunmen involved in the shooting have been apprehended.
February 27 – Sergio Mora Cortes, aka "El Toto," is captured by Mexican Marines in Saltillo, Coahuila. Mora Cortes was a leader of Los Zetas in the state of San Luis Potosí, and he was wanted for the murder of the American ICE agent Jaime Zapata and for the murder of a Nuevo Laredo police chief.
February 28 – 7 bodies found hanging from bridges in Mazatlán, Sinaloa. Messages left with the corpses alleged that the dead were members of the South Pacific Cartel.
March 1 – A mass grave with over 20 bodies was uncovered in San Miguel Totolapan, Guerrero. Other sources, however, mention that more than 70 bodies were exhumed.
March 2 – A three-day shooting was registered between the Mexican Marines and Los Zetas in the city of Valle Hermoso, Tamaulipas. During these three days, all local businesses and schools closed; a convoy of 50 SUV's from Los Zetas was seen in the rural highway outside the city.
March 8–18 killed in gunfights in Abasolo, Tamaulipas. Most of the dead are believed to be operators for the warring Zetas and the Gulf Cartel. Mexican troops were deployed to restore order.
March 10 – Jorge Hernández Espinoza, the Director of Public Security for Santiago Tangamandapio, Michoacán, was found dead in his vehicle with a single shot to his head and three shots to his chest.
March 29 – Police found the bodies of 6 men and 1 woman inside a car abandoned in an exclusive gated community near Cuernavaca.
April 2 – In Ciudad Juarez, a group of gunmen attacked two bars with fire bombs and shootings in less than forty-eight hours, killing over 15 people.
April 4 – A clash between the police and drug cartel gunmen left 7 dead and 6 people injured in Acapulco, Guerrero. In addition, a whole shopping center was burned down by the gunmen, and a dozen of the stores were left in ruins.
April 26 – 2011 San Fernando massacre: In San Fernando, Tamaulipas, after exhuming more than 40 mass graves, the final body count reached 193 corpses. Although not confirmed, some newspapers mention that the body count surpassed 500, but that the state government of Tamaulipas supposedly censored and prevented such publications.
May 1 – The drug-war death toll for Mexico in April was 1,400, the highest of any month since the Mexican government began its war on illicit drug trade four years ago. The previous high was 1,322 in August 2010.
May 9 – The Mexican government, along with Sedena, disarm all police forces in the state of Tamaulipas, beginning with the cities of Matamoros and Reynosa.
May 14 – 2011 Durango massacres: In the state of Durango, 249 bodies were exhumed from numerous clandestine mass graves. Some sources, however, indicate that the actual body count reached 308 corpses.
May 16 – In Guatemala, 27 farmers were killed by Los Zetas; the majority of the victims presented signs of torture and decapitation.
May 20 – In Nuevo Laredo, directly across the border from Laredo, Texas, 31 people were killed in a 24-hour span. In addition, more than 40 people were injured, and 196 drug cartel gunmen were detained.
May 27 – In Ruiz, Nayarit, a convoy from the Los Zetas ambushed and killed 29 gunmen of the Sinaloa Cartel.
A confrontation between the Federal Police forces and La Familia Michoacana in a ranch at Jilotlán de los Dolores, in western Jalisco, left 11 La Familia gunmen killed and 36 arrested. More than 70 assault rifles were confiscated, along with 14 handguns, 3 grenades, 578 cartridges, 20,000 rounds of ammunition, and 40 bullet-proof vests. It was later discovered that La Familia Michoacana was planning a raid against the Knights Templar.
June 3 – In the state of Coahuila, 38 bodies were exhumed from clandestine mass graves.
June 9 – The United States government arrested 127 U.S. Customs and Border Protection agents who were collaborating with the Mexican drug cartels.
June 15 – A total of 34 people were killed in Monterrey, Nuevo León in a 24-hour span.
June 21 – José de Jesús Méndez Vargas 'El Chango', leader of La Familia Michoacana, was captured in Aguascalientes.
July 1 – In Fresnillo, Zacatecas, during a confrontation between Los Zetas and the Mexican forces, 15 Zeta gunmen were killed, and 17 were arrested; SEMAR notified that 6 marines were wounded.
Zacateca's Attorney General, Arturo Nahle García, confirmed that in Fresnillo, more than 250 Los Zetas gunmen confronted elements of the Mexican Navy throughout the whole city.
July 4 – Federal Police agents arrest Jesús Enrique Rejón Aguilar, one of the leaders and co-founders of the Los Zetas drug cartel.
July 8 – In the city of Monterrey, Nuevo León, a group of gunmen shot and killed 27 people, injured 7, and kidnapped 8 in 'Bar Sabino Gordo.' Presumably, this massacre was from the Gulf Cartel to their rival group Los Zetas.
July 9 – Fighting among Los Zetas and other drug cartels led to the deaths of more than 40 people whose bodies were found in three Mexican cities over a 24-hour span.
July 9 – 2011 Matamoros mass kidnapping, 18 members of the Cázares family were kidnapped by affiliates of the Gulf Cartel from three different households in Matamoros, Tamaulipas, Mexico.
July 11 – Armando Villarreal Heredia, a U.S-born drug lieutenant of the Arellano-Felix drug cartel, is arrested by the Federal Police.
July 12 – In Ciudad Juárez, 21 people were killed in different parts of the city by gunmen. This marked the deadliest day for Ciudad Juarez in 2011.
July 14 – The Mexican Army discovers the largest marijuana plantation ever found in the country, 320 km (200 mi) south of San Diego, CA., in the Mexican state of Baja California; consisting of 120 hectares (300 acres) that would have yielded about 120 tons, and was worth about US$160 million.
July 15 – In Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, 66 inmates escaped a federal prison during a massive brawl, where 7 other inmates were found dead.
July 23 – The president of Mexico, Felipe Calderón Hinojosa, and peace and human rights activists, which included the poet Javier Sicilia, gathered in Chapultepec Castle to initiate a national aired discussion on Mexico's drug war violence and on the country's military-led strategy against the drug cartels.
Due to anonymous calls by civilians, the Mexican Army carried out an operation to crack down on operatives from Los Zetas in Pánuco, Veracruz; when the Mexican forces arrived at the place, the gunmen received them with shots, but the Army repelled the aggression and killed 10 Zetas.
July 24 – An unidentified group of gunmen disarmed 21 policemen in Michoacán. According to the information given, the gunmen carried out personal inspections to each police officer, disarming them one by one. The cops refused to defend themselves because the gunmen expressed high levels of anxiousness, and they were scared of being executed.
July 25 – Inside a prison in Ciudad Juárez, 17 inmates were shot and killed during a brawl between rival drug groups.
July 28 – Fortino Cortés Sandoval, the mayor of Florencia de Benito Juárez, Zacatecas, is found dead after a group of gunmen abducted him from his office.
July 31 – The Federal Police forces of Mexico captured José Antonio Acosta Hernández, nicknamed "El Diego," supreme leader of La Linea, the armed wing of the Juárez Cartel. According to government sources, "El Diego" had ordered more than 1,500 executions, some of them including government officials.
August 4 – The Secretariat of National Defense announced that after the initiation of the 'Operation Lince Norte', an operation focused primarily on destroying the financial and logistic sectors of Los Zetas, more than 500,000 pesos have been confiscated, and more than 30 'Zeta' gunmen killed.
August 12 – Óscar García Montoya, alias ‘El Compayito’, supreme leader of the criminal group La Mano con Ojos, was captured. He confessed to have killed over 300 people by himself, and ordered the execution of 300 more.
August 20 – In Torreon, a shooting was registered during a Mexican soccer match between Santos Laguna and Monarcas Morelia.
The mayor of Zacualpan, Mexico State, Jesús Eduviges Nava, was found dead after being kidnapped by gunmen who interrupted a meeting he was holding in his municipality.
August 25 – 2011 Monterrey casino attack: a well-armed group of gunmen massacred 52 people, and injured over a dozen, at Casino Royale. Although not confirmed, some sources mention that 61 were killed in the attack. This attack was the most violent and bloodiest in the history of Monterrey and of the whole state of Nuevo Leon. According to eyewitnesses, the gunmen quietly stormed the casino and immediately opened fire at the civilians, and then doused the casino entrances with gasoline and started a fire that trapped the people inside.
August 30 – In Acapulco, 140 elementary schools closed and over 600 teachers quit their jobs due to the money threats they have been receiving from the drug cartels. Over 75,000 kids are not attending school. One teacher confessed to have seen on a regular basis men in cars with assault rifles sticking out the windows, just outside school grounds.
September 14 – In the small town of Juchipila in the state of Zacatecas, over 80 gunmen—presumably from the Gulf Cartel—took control of the town, its jail, and its city hall for over five hours. They mentioned that their goal was to wipe out any presence of Los Zetas in the area.
September 20 – Two trucks containing 35 dead bodies are found in Boca del Río, Veracruz. Sources mention that all victims were linked to Los Zetas, and that the executions were performed by the Sinaloa Cartel's armed wing, Gente Nueva. Nevertheless, the criminal group Los Mata Zetas claimed responsibility for this massacre. In addition, 14 more bodies were found around Veracruz two days after this incident, summing up to 49 bodies found in public highways in the last forty-eight hours.
October 4 – The Mexican federal government launches the military-led project called Operación Veracruz Seguro to ensure tranquility in Veracruz. Reports mention that Los Zetas, the Gulf Cartel, and the Sinaloa Cartel are present in that state.
October 5 – In Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexican authorities captured Noel Salgueiro Nevárez, the supreme leader of the Sinaloa Cartel's armed wing, Gente Nueva. They also captured Martín Rosales Magaña, one of the founders of La Familia Michoacana.
October 6 – In Boca del Río, Veracruz, a total of 36 bodies were found by Mexican authorities in three houses. Eight alleged perpetrators of the recent killings in Veracruz have been caught, including the leader of the group Los Mata Zetas. Also, the Attorney General of Veracruz resigned from his position due to the increasing violence. A day after this incident, another 10 bodies were found across the state of Veracruz. The wave of violence has caused over 100 deaths in the past two weeks in Veracruz.
October 14 – Carlos Oliva Castillo alias "La Rana," third-in-command in Los Zetas organization and the mastermind of the 2011 Monterrey casino attack where 52 were killed, was captured in northern city of Saltillo, Coahuila.
November 11 – Francisco Blake Mora, Secretary of the Interior in the cabinet of Felipe Calderón, dies in a helicopter accident in foggy weather. Some sources speculate that his death was an assassination, though no concrete evidence suggests this.
November 23 – A total of 23 bodies, 16 of them burned to death, were located in several abandoned vehicles in Sinaloa.
November 24 – Three trucks containing 26 bodies were found in an avenue at Guadalajara, Jalisco. All of them were male corpses. Reports mention that Los Zetas and the Milenio Cartel are responsible for the massacre of these twenty-six alleged Sinaloa Cartel members.
December 14 – A convoy of U.S. military members was seen crossing the U.S-Mexico border from Brownsville, Texas into Matamoros, Tamaulipas. The U.S. soldiers were greeted by Mexican military officials at the international bridge, and were escorted to their meeting location south of Matamoros. Reports mention that the meeting between the two military units was to discuss “mutual security” concerns.
December 25 – The Mexican army announced that it had captured Guzmán's head of security. The arrest took place in Culiacan, the Sinaloa state capital.
2012
January 4 – In a prison brawl in Altamira, Tamaulipas, 31 inmates were killed. According to the witnesses, the brawl was between Gulf Cartel and Los Zetas.
January 7 – Mexican police in the northern city of Torreon found the severed heads of five people killed in a suspected outbreak of drug gang violence. Officials were still searching for the bodies. The heads were found in black bags in various parts of the city late on Friday, a spokesman for the ministry of public security in the state of Coahuila said on Saturday. Threatening messages were left with the severed heads – a common feature of killings by drug cartels in Mexico – that suggested the slayings were the result of feuding between local gangs, the spokesman said.
February 2 – Two U.S. missionaries from a Baptist Church were killed in Santiago, Nuevo León by drug cartel members.
February 19 – In Apodaca, Nuevo Leon, 44 inmates were killed in a prison riot, presumably caused by a brawl between the Gulf Cartel and Los Zetas.
March 19 – While conducting an investigation on the beheadings of ten other people, 12 policemen were ambushed and killed by gunmen in Teloloapan, Guerrero. Eleven other police officers were wounded.
March 23 – Thirteen people were killed in a wave of drug violence that swept Mexico a day before the Pope's visit. Seven men were found shot on the side of the road in Angostura, Sinaloa at a spot where locals often purchased contraband gasoline from the cartels. Four severed heads were found in an abandoned car in Acapulco. The body of a minor and a cab driver were also found in the town.
March 27 – Ten people were reported killed in a shootout in Temosachi in the Mexican border state of Chihuahua, where the Sinaloa and Juarez cartels have been fighting for control over drug smuggling routes into the U.S.
April 20 – Gunmen kill 16 people in a bar in the capital city of Chihuahua, Chihuahua. Two of those killed were journalists.
May 1 – Armed confrontations between the Mexican military and cartel members in Choix, Sinaloa left 27 people dead.
May 4 – In Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, 23 corpses—14 of them decapitated and 9 of them hanged from a bridge—were found early in the morning.
May 9 – The chopped-up remains of 18 bodies were found inside two trucks near Chapala, Jalisco, just south of the city of Guadalajara.
May 13 – The Cadereyta Jiménez massacre occurred on the Mexican Federal Highway 40. The decapitated and dismembered bodies of 49 people were found in Cadereyta Jiménez. The remains were left along the road in Nuevo León state, between the cities of Monterrey and Reynosa. A message written on a wall nearby appeared to refer to Los Zetas drug cartel.
June 4 – In the Mexican city of Torreón, Coahuila, gunmen killed 11 people at a rehabilitation clinic.
August 12 – A total of 12 decomposing bodies are found inside an abandoned vehicle in Zacatecas.
August 14 – Members of the Gulf Cartel storm a bar in Monterrey and kill 10 people.
October 7 – Heriberto Lazcano Lazcano is killed by the Mexican Navy.
December 19 – A failed prison break and subsequent brawl between inmates leaves at least 23 dead in Gómez Palacio, Durango.
2013
January 3 – 12 alleged drug traffickers are killed by Mexican troops in La Estación, Zacatecas.
January 15 – High-ranking Gulf Cartel leader El Metro 4 is assassinated in Tamaulipas state by alleged drug traffickers.
January 20 – José Ángel Coronel Carrasco, cousin of Ignacio Coronel Villarreal and leader of the Sinaloa Cartel, is arrested in Culiacán by Mexican soldiers.
January 28 – The bodies of eight members of the band Kombo Kolombia were found dead in Hidalgo, Nuevo León. Three days earlier, several unidentified gunmen kidnapped 20 members of the band after a concert in the same city.
March 10 – Gulf Cartel forces led by Miguel "El Gringo" Villarreal and Mario Pelón Ramírez clash in Reynosa, leaving an unofficial death toll of 36 dead.
March 24 – Humberto Rodríguez Coronel, regional cartel leader of Durango and nephew of Ignacio Coronel Villarreal, leader of the Sinaloa Cartel, is arrested by the Navy.
April 13 – Sinaloa Cartel high-ranking leader Javier Torres Félix is deported to Mexico after serving jail sentence in the U.S.
April 30 – Inés Coronel Barreras, the father-in-law of Joaquín El Chapo Guzmán, Mexico's most-wanted drug lord, is arrested.
May 13 – Gulf Cartel high-ranking leader Aurelio Cano Flores is sentenced to 35 years in prison in the United States. He is the "highest ranking Gulf Cartel member to be convicted by a U.S. jury in the past 15 years."
May 14 – Former U.S. Marine Armando Torres III is kidnapped by gunmen in the state of Tamaulipas and is not heard of since then.
May 26 – In broad daylight at a bar in Zona Rosa neighborhood in Mexico City, 12 young people were kidnapped.
June 6 – The Mexican Army rescues 165 kidnapped migrants from a safe house in Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, Tamaulipas.
July 7 – Mexicans go to the polls to cast their votes in the local elections. The voting season, however, was among the most violent in the country's history, with several politicians threatened, beaten, kidnapped, and/or killed in less than a month.
July 15 – Los Zetas leader Miguel Treviño Morales is arrested by the Mexican Navy in Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas.
July 23 – Following six ambush attacks against the Mexican federal police in the state of Michoacán, 22 people were killed; two of them were law enforcement officials and the rest of them were alleged drug traffickers of the Knights Templar Cartel.
July 29 – Vice Admiral Carlos Miguel Salazar Ramonet of the Mexican Navy is killed by alleged gunmen of the Knights Templar Cartel in Michoacán. His death was regarded as the highest-profile killing of a member of the Mexican Armed Forces in the ongoing conflict against organized crime.
August 9 – Former Mexican drug lord Rafael Caro Quintero is released from prison after a tribunal determined that he was tried improperly. He was one of the founders of the extinct Guadalajara Cartel and was responsible for the murder of U.S. Agent Enrique Camarena in 1985.
August 17 – Gulf Cartel leader Mario Ramírez Treviño, known by his aliases El Pelón and/or X-20, is arrested in a joint operation by the Mexican Army and Navy in Río Bravo, Tamaulipas.
September 2 – Juárez Cartel leader Alberto Carrillo Fuentes, alias Betty la Fea (Ugly Betty), is arrested in Bucerías, Nayarit. He is the brother of the deceased drug lord Amado Carrillo Fuentes, former leader of the criminal organization until his death in 1997.
September 23 – Alleged members of La Línea, a gang controlled by the Juárez Cartel, burst into a party and kill 10 people in Ciudad Juárez. All of them were shot dead as they celebrated the victory of a baseball game held hours earlier near the city.
October 18 – Francisco Rafael Arellano Félix, former leader of the Tijuana Cartel, is killed in Los Cabos, Baja California Sur by gunmen disguised as clowns.
November 20 – DEA agents arrest Serafín Zambada Ortiz, son of Ismael "El Mayo" Zambada, one of the Sinaloa Cartel's top leaders, as he tried to cross the international border from Mexico into Arizona.
December 1 – Mexican authorities unearth at least 67 corpses from clandestine mass graves in La Barca, Jalisco.
December 6 – Following a massive excavation in the outskirts of Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexican authorities exhumed a total of 17 bodies.
December 18 – High-ranking Sinaloa Cartel leader Gonzalo Inzunza Inzunza (alias "El Macho Prieto") is killed by Mexican authorities in the resort area of Puerto Peñasco, Sonora. During the raging firefight that resulted in his death, several of his gunmen took his body from the scene.
December 31 – El Chino Ántrax, a founder and high-ranking leader of Los Ántrax, an armed squadron of the Sinaloa Cartel, is arrested in the Netherlands.
2014
January 27 – Dionisio Loya Plancarte, one of the leaders of the Knights Templar Cartel, is arrested by Mexican security forces at his home in Morelia.
February 19 – Mexican authorities discover clandestine mass graves with at least 30 corpses in Gómez Farías, Tamaulipas. They believe that Los Zetas may be responsible for the mass murder. Local residents believe that there are at least 80 bodies in the area.
February 22 – Joaquin "El Chapo" Guzman, leader of the Sinaloa Cartel, is arrested in a hotel in Mazatlán by Mexican authorities.
March 9 – Nazario Moreno González, leader of the Knights Templar Cartel, and former leader of La Familia Michoacana, is killed in a shootout with Mexican authorities. The Mexican government formerly claimed to have killed Moreno in December 2010 when he was head of La Familia Michoacana.
March 31 – High-ranking Knights Templar Cartel leader Enrique Plancarte Solís is killed in a shootout with the Mexican Navy.
May 11 – Galindo Mellado Cruz, one of the founders of Los Zetas, is killed in a shootout in Reynosa, Tamaulipas with five other people.
June 7 – Juan José Esparragoza Moreno, leader of the Sinaloa Cartel, reportedly died of a heart attack following an accident he had suffered days earlier, injuring his vertebral column in a car wreck. This source is not confirmed by Mexican authorities.
June 20 – At least 31 corpses are exhumed from clandestine mass graves in Tres Valles, Veracruz. The ranch where the bodies were found was previously owned by the former mayor of the town.
June 23 – Luis Fernando Sánchez Arellano, leader of the Tijuana Cartel, is arrested at a fast food restaurant in Tijuana while watching the FIFA World Cup game between Mexico and Croatia.
June 30 – A shootout between Mexican security forces and alleged gang members leaves 22 dead in Tlatlaya, State of Mexico. The gunfight reportedly started after the suspected criminals opened fire at law enforcement who were patrolling the area.
27 September – 43 students disappeared in Iguala, Guerrero, after having been taken from the city by municipal police and handed over to the Guerreros Unidos criminal organization.
October 1 – Héctor Beltrán Leyva, leader of the Beltrán-Leyva Cartel, is arrested with another man inside a restaurant in San Miguel de Allende, Guanajuato by the Mexican Army.
October 5 – At least 28 corpses are found in several clandestine mass graves in Iguala, Guerrero.
2015
January 7 – In Chilapa, Guerrero, security forces discovered 10 bodies and 11 severed heads in six clandestine mass graves. Most of victims were tied up, and the corpses bore signs of torture. Authorities did not comment if the heads belonged to the corpses.
March 20 – An ambush attack from a criminal group left 11 dead in Ocotlán, Jalisco. Five of them were members of the Federal Police gendarmerie, three suspects, and three uninvolved civilians. This was the deadliest attack on Mexico's new gendarmerie.
April 6 – In San Sebastián del Oeste, Jalisco, gunmen ambushed and killed 15 police officers. Five more were wounded in the attack. It was the highest single mass killing against Mexico's police force since 2010.
May 1 – In Jalisco state, a massive attack by cartels struck with blockades, fire stations burned, chopper down and resulting in at least 7 dead.
May 3 – 11 rural workers from Sinaloa disappeared while on their way to Hermosillo, Sonora for a summer-time work.
May (between 9 and 14) – In Chilapa, Guerrero, 10 people went missing after armed men took over the town for several days. According to local residents, the armed men claimed to be community policemen and said they overran the town to protect residents from gang violence.
May 22 – A shootout between alleged members of the Jalisco New Generation Cartel and the Federal Police left 43 dead in Tanhuato, Michoacán.
July 12 – Joaquin "El Chapo" Guzmán escapes from the maximum security prison of Altiplano, for a second time in his career. He escaped through a 1.5 kilometre long tunnel under the shower in his cell, where the cameras could not follow him. The tunnel ended in a little village nearby, and El Chapo used a motorbike to get out fast. After his escape he was placed by Mexican authorities again on the top spot of most wanted men in the country, offering a US$3.5 million reward for whoever has information about his whereabouts.
December 6 – Rogelio González Pizaña, a high ranked leader and founding member of Los Zetas, is murdered along with his family. The assassination was allegedly carried out by those working for the Gulf Cartel.
2016
January 8 – Sinaloa Cartel leader Joaquín Guzmán recaptured and 5 gunmen killed in raid codenamed Operation Black Swan in Los Mochis, Sinaloa.
January 29 – 2 Sinaloa Cartel members killed, 22 arrested in joint Mexican-American Operation Diablo Express in Sonoyta, Sonora, and Lukeville, Arizona.
March 14 – At least nine suspected cartel members died in gunfights with government forces during an anti-cartel operation in the city of Reynosa, Tamaulipas.
May - Julio Cesar Olivas Felix alias "Abc" alleged cocaine trafficker considered one of the partners of "El Chapo" Guzmán at the Sinaloa Cartel was arrested in Malpensa Airport at Milan.
2017
20 January – Juan Pablo Pérez García (alias "El Oaxaco" and "Bravo 01") a senior leader of the enforcement wing of the Old School Zetas is arrested near the border of Nuevo León and Tamaulipas.
21, 22 January – A taxi in Manzanillo, Colima, is found to contain the decapitated bodies of 6 men and 1 woman on January 21. The taxi is covered in a narco message, which is rumored to have claimed responsibility on behalf of the Jalisco New Generation Cartel of CJNG and that the deceased where members of the Sinaloa Cartel. The following day on January 22 another five bodies are found, along with an additional narco message this time saying that the deceased where members of the CJNH and threatening more violence as an apparent reprisal for the previous days event. Just as with the seven deceased found in the taxi, the five deceased bodies found the following day also show signs of torture and decapitation.
8 October – Pedro Payán Gloria (alias "El Pifas") a member of Los Aztecas gang is sentenced to 430 years in prison. Payán Gloria along with several others was convicted of kidnapping and drugging 11 women between 2009 and 2012 in Ciudad Juárez, after which the women would be forced into prostitution and ultimately murdered by Payán Gloria and his gang.
11 October – Sajid Emilio Quintero Navidad (alias "El Cadete") is arrested at the San Ysidro Border Crossing by American marshals. Quintero Navidad is the cousin of Rafael Caro Quintero and was formally a high-ranking member of the Sinaloa Cartel, before switching to the Beltrán-Leyva Cartel in 2014, where he became in charge of drug trafficking in Sonora and across the American border. In addition to drug trafficking Quintero Navidad was wanted by Mexico for the murder of singer Tito Torbellino and in the United States for the murder of U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration Agent Enrique "Kiki" Camarena. He is one of the highest ranking cartel leaders to be arrested in the United States.
11 October – 17 inmates are killed and 37 injured in a riot at a prison in Cadereyta Jiménez, Nuevo León. The attack was allegedly instigated when inmates belonging to Los Zetas attempted to take over the prison, sparking a violent reaction by inmates belong to rival groups.
23 October – Sergio Meza Flores (alias "El Soruyo") a senior member of Los Zetas is killed in a confrontation with Mexican police in Tabasco. Meza Flores was wanted for extortion, fuel theft, and executions in Tabasco and Veracruz.
29 October – Julio Cesar Escarcega Murillo (alias "El Tigre" and "El 109") is arrested along with his bodyguards in Cuauhtemoc, Chihuahua. Rifles, pistols, and a grenade launcher were found with the group. Escarcega Murillo was recently appointed Nuevo Cartel del Tigre after the death of its previous leader, and the group was suspected of multiple homicides area in addition to drug trafficking.
30 October – The bodies of 5 men and 1 woman are found dumped by the side of a federal highway four kilometers from Loma Bonita, Oaxaca. All 6 bodies show signs that they were tortured and executed. A note found by the bodies claims responsibly on behalf of the Jalisco New Generation Cartel. More than 40 bodies had been found the previous month in similar conditions in Veracruz.
19 November – U.S. border patrol agent Rogelio Martinez is killed and his colleague wounded in the border closest to the area of Van Horn, Texas.
25 November – Dismembered body parts are found in Poza Rica. The bodies show signs of torture and indicates the individuals were alive at the time of dismemberment, where they were decapitated and their limbs and torsos were cut up into multiple parts. Sicaros were caught by the police while in the process of laying out the bodies in a public space along with propaganda posters. Four of the perpetrators were cornered in their vehicle and killed in a shootout, however the others escaped.
26 November – 26 people are executed or murdered in various places in a 3-day crime spree in Veracruz. The murder victims include Victor Manuel Espinoza Tolentino, mayor of Ixhuatlán de Madero, and his wife.
28 November – Two ice-coolers containing narco cartulina are found in different locations of Guadalajara. One of the coolers, left outside a TV station, contains two human heads. The cartulinas carry threats against the police chief and judge on behalf of the Jalisco New Generation Cartel.
2018
27 January – Operation by the Mexican navy kills 4 armed individuals in Reynosa. One of the people killed is suspected to be Humberto Steven Loza Méndez, aka Betito or Betillo, a senior commander in the Gulf Cartel. Loza Méndez's family latter confirms his identity.
29 January – 3 individuals are arrested for planning and executing a massacre in San Nicolás a day before. The 3 stormed a house and shot 12 people while they were watching a football game, killing 9 and injuring 3. It is suspected the attack was in retaliation for drugs being sold at the house without permission from the local gang.
30 January – 8 individuals (6 men and 2 women) are found decapitated, dismembered, and dumped into plastic bags close to the Chilapa River.
31 January – The Mexico-Acapulco Federal highway is shut down for several days due to violence. It is believed to have started when the UPOEG (a paramilitary group in Guerrero) kidnapped a suspected drug dealer who was part of Los Ardillos. In retaliation Los Ardillos murder 4 UPOEG members and burn their corpses. 5 other people are injured, villagers are believed to have sided with the cartel against UPOEG as the heroin trade runs through the area.
9 February – José María Guízar Valencia (alias "Z-43") is arrested in the Roma neighborhood of Mexico City. Guízar Valencia was one of the new leaders of Los Zetas and had a $5m reward by the American government for drug trafficking. He is also suspected of ordering murders in Guatemala.
21 February – 21 people are injured, mostly tourists in a blast aboard a Tour Boat. A Narco Manta erected in Playa del Carmen on 27 February taking responsibility for the bombing as well as mocking and threatening the mayor.
12 June – 2018 Chimney Canyon shootout: a shootout between drug smugglers and U.S. border patrol occurs in a remote area near Arivaca, Arizona close to the border.
30 July – José Guadalupe Rodríguez Castillo (alias 'El 15') is arrested by Mexican authorities. He is a leader in the Jalisco New Generation Cartel and wanted for the disappearance and presumed murder of 3 Italian businessmen in the Southern Jalisco town of Tecalitlán in January 2018.
11 September – 32 clandestine graves are discovered in the municipality of Alvarado in Veracruz. Up to 174 remains of people who were murdered and buried who were found in the graves by forensic scientists, who estimate the graves to be one to two years old. The deceased are believed to be the victims of the conflict between Los Zetas and Jalisco New Generation Cartel in the area.
28 September – Leonel Salgueiro, alias "El Cuate", is captured in Parral, Chihuahua. Salgueiro is suspected of being leader and drug trafficker of the Sinaloa Cartel.
30 September – Erick Samuel Deraz González, alias "Güero Canesten", is assassinated at a soccer field in Tijuana. He was the second in command for the Jalisco New Generation Cartel division in Tijuana, with the murder believed to be carried out by a rival cartel.
30 October – David Garcia, alias "El Pistache", is arrest along with two other after a gunfight in Santa Fe. Garcia was the leader of a drug and weapon smuggling cartel named La Unión Tepito.
27 November – David Velasquéz Ramírezm, alias "El Greñas", sometimes also known as "El Grandote", is arrested along with several other in Aguascalientes. Velasquéz is suspected of being the ringleader of a criminal group called "Los Aztecas", infamous for hiring themselves out as hitmen for cartels and suspected to have murdered several police chiefs and politicians.
2 December – At approximately 7:30 CST, 2 grenades were thrown at the American consulate in Guadalajara, with one of the grenades exploding and forming a 16-inch hole in the wall of the building. At the time of the bombing, the consulate was closed and no injuries were sustained. The Jalisco New Generation Cartel is suspected of the attack.
21 December – Carlos Díaz Meza (alias 'El 5') is assassinated by two armed men with assault rifles at his residence in Guachochi. Diaz was in command of several battalions of the Sinaloa Cartel, and is the brother of Melquiades Díaz Meza (alias 'El Chapo Calin'), a high-ranking commander of the same cartel. Authorities believe the assassination is due to a power struggle between two families in the area for control of the cartel and fear the event could lead to more violence.
2019
1 January – Alejandro Aparicio Santiago, the recently elected mayor of Tlaxiaco, is shot and killed just hours after being sworn in. On the same day María Ascención Torres Cruz, a local official is also murdered. Both politicians were of the MORENA party.
3 January – 4 bodies are found on the outskirts of Fresnillo. The deceased died from gunshots wounds although all bodies showed signs of torture. In the preceding weeks two other bodies had been found in similar condition. While the perpetrator remains unknown, authorities believe it is highly likely that the murders came as a result of the recent violence between rival cartels for control of the Zacatecas drug trade.
6 January – Two gunmen with assault rifles kill 7 people at a bar in Playa del Carmen.
10 January – 19 bodies, many burned beyond recognition, are discovered in Tamaulipas near the border area. It is believed that the bodies belong to members of an organized crime group murdered and disposed of by rivals.
31 January – At the border checkpoint near Nogales in the United States, a truck coming from Mexico is stopped and found to be carrying 254 pounds of fentanyl under its load of cucumbers. This is the largest ever drug bust containing this specific kind of opioid, and the truck also contained 395 pounds of methamphetamine. The total value of the load is estimated to be more than 5 million US dollars.
1 February – 6 people are killed, and 4 hostages are freed when police confront the alleged kidnappers. 2 of the dead are believed to be citizens killed in the crossfire. 12 of the alleged kidnappers escape, the incident is believed to be linked to organized crime.
12 February – Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán is found guilty in American court on all 10 counts; the charges include engaging in a continuing criminal enterprise, conspiracy to launder narcotics proceeds, international distribution of cocaine, heroin, marijuana and other drugs, and illegal use and distribution of fire arms.
15 February – Members of the Northeast Cartel record and post on social media the interrogation and decapitation of two suspected members of the Gulf cartels. The heads, rest of the remains are found in Escobedo, Nuevo Leon, along with a narco message. The discovery follows a trend of decapitations as two heads were discovered in a sack in Ciénega de Flores three days before, with other decapitated heads left in public spaces, often close to prisons, in the state of Nuevo Leon in the previous weeks.
17 April - , a presidential candidate in the 2019 Guatemalan general election, is captured in the United States because of his alleged connections with the Sinaloa Cartel. The United States Department of Justice says in a statement that Estrada had requested the murder of political rivals to win the presidency in exchange for granting control of airports and sea ports in Guatemala to the Sinaloa Cartel. The presidential and parliamentary elections are scheduled for June 16.
4 July - Juan Ulises Galván Carmona, alias “El Buda”, was killed by two hitmen in a convenience store in Chetumal, the capital of Quintana Roo state along Mexico's Caribbean coast. El Buda served as the leader of the Sinaloa Cartel's drug trafficking activities and shipments from Central and South America.
9 August - Nine bodies are found hanging from a bridge and two other locations in the city of Uruapan in the state of Michoacán. The killings are believed to be perpetrated by the Jalisco New Generation Cartel due to a banner found on the bridge baring the group's initial's and a threat to a rival cartel. By the end of the week a total of 20 bodies had been discovered.
12 August - In two separate operations the Mexican Marines seize 2.1 tons of cocaine, and the Mexican army confiscates another 450 kilos in operations of the coast of Chiapas.
13 August - Roberto Domínguez Trejo, better known as “Beto Trejo”, the lead singer of a narcocorrido band called "Los Hijos del Cartel" (sons of the cartel) is assassinated in his car while at a gas station in Tijuana. His wife and child were also in the car but unharmed.
15 August - in two separate incidents the U.S. Coast Guard seize more than 6,700 pounds of cocaine in two separate incidents near Pascagoula, Mississippi. The seized content had a value of $89 million American dollars.
28 August - At least 25 people have been killed while 11 others are injured in a bar fire in Coatzacoalcos in the state of Veracruz. Mexican police announced that the fire was intentionally set by cartel members who also blocked the exits.
14 September - Claudia Ochoa Félix reputed by the authorities, the leader of the murder squad Los Ántrax by the personal relation with the founder José Rodrigo Aréchiga Gamboa alias "El Chino Ántrax" was found dead in her private residence in Culiacán due to apparent pulmonary aspiration caused by a drug overdose.
23 September - Ramon Cristobal Santoyo alias "Dr. Wagner" alleged cocaine trafficker considered one of the partners of "El Chapo" Guzmán at the Sinaloa Cartel was arrested at Rome's Fiumicino airport on August 20.
28 September - Carlos "N." alias "El Chicken" was captured by the Mexican authorities in Zapopan, partner of Gonzalo Mendoza alias "El Sapo" boss of the occidental region of Jalisco and important figure of the Jalisco New Generation Cartel.
14 October - Fourteen state police officers are killed in an ambush in Aguililla, Michoacán; crime-scene evidence points to the involvement of the Jalisco New Generation Cartel.
18 October – The Mexican National Guard arrests Ovidio Guzmán López, alias "El Raton", a son of former Sinaloa Cartel leader Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán, in Culiacán. He, however, was released shortly later as government forces come under intense attack and are overpowered by Sinaloa Cartel gunmen, according to Security Minister Alfonso Durazo.
4 November - 2019 Sonora massacre: Nine members of a Mormon family, including six children, were killed by gunmen in Sonora.
1 December – 2019 Villa Unión shootout: In clashes and shootouts between Mexican police and suspected cartel members in the northern town Villa Unión, Coahuila, at least 21 people are killed.
2020
8 January – 41 homicides are reported in the first 8 days of the year in the city of Tijuana, with the majority being linked to cartel violence and organized crime. At the same time over 100 are reported to have died from drug-related violence in the state of Guanajuato in the first week of 2020.
30 January – The U.S. Customs and Border Protection releases a report that in August it discovered a smuggling tunnel measuring 1,313 meters or 4,309 feet running from Tijuana to San Diego, making it the longest drug smuggling tunnel ever discovered along the Mexico–United States border.
30 January – In his morning press conference, President Andrés Manuel López Obrador declared the war had ended on January 30, 2020.
4 February – Gunmen open fire in an amusement arcade in Uruapan, Mexico, killing at least nine people, including three children. Police say the gunmen were searching for specific targets but then opened fire indiscriminately on customers. The previous weekend 11 bodies had been discovered in clandestine graves. The killings are believed to be related to the ongoing war for territory between the Jalisco and Viagras drug cartels, or as retaliation for the arrest of a senior cartel commander in the area.
21 February – Mexico extradites Rubén Oseguera González (alias "El Menchito"), the son leader of the Jalisco New Generation Cartel of Nemesio Oseguera Cervantes (alias "El Mencho"), to the United States to face drug charges.
3 April – 19 people are killed in a shootout between rival cartels in Madera, Chihuahua. Local media reports the violence was part of a conflict over turf by the Juarez Cartel and the rival Sinaloa Cartel.
15 May - In the day of 9 May, José Rodrigo Aréchiga Gamboa alias "El Chino Ántrax" was reported missing and soon his body was found with gunshot wounds in a black SUV the next day in Culiacán alongside his sister, and brother-in-law.
26 June – Omar Garcia Harfuch, Mexico City's chief of police, is wounded but survives an assassination attempt that also resulted in the death of two of his bodyguards and a 26-year-old bystander. The attack took place in the affluent Lomas de Chapultepec neighborhood and has been alleged to have been orchestrated by the Jalisco New Generation Cartel.
1 July – Gunmen storm a drug rehabilitation facility in the central Mexican town of Irapuato, Guanajuato, killing at least 24 people, according to a federal official.
3 July – Mexican Army troops kill 12 drug cartel gunmen in Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas. In separate incidents, police kill five attackers in Torreón, Coahuila and five police officers are shot dead in Guanajuato.
2 August – State officials in Guanajuato announce that Mexican security forces have arrested José Antonio Yépez Ortiz (alias "El Marro" or "The Sledgehammer") alongside five others. Yepes was the former leader of the Santa Rosa de Lima Cartel and was one of Mexico's most wanted criminals.
16 October – Former defense secretary of Mexico Salvador Cienfuegos Zepeda is arrested by the DEA at Los Angeles International Airport on drug trafficking and money laundering charges.
29 October – Acting on a tip, authorities in the state of Guanajuato find a mass grave containing the remains of 59 people. Most of the deceased are thought to be adolescents or young adults, and it is believed they were victims of a turf war between cartels.
18 December – Former governor of Jalisco, Aristóteles Sandoval, is shot dead in a restaurant bathroom. One of his 15-strong security detail was seriously injured in a subsequent gun battle.
2021
25 January – The remains of 19 individuals are discovered in two vehicles in the state of Tamaulipas near the border with the United States. The victims, presumed to be undocumented migrants, were shot and then set on fire.
18 March – Gunmen ambush a police convoy in Coatepec Harinas, State of Mexico, killing eight police officers and five prosecution investigators. It is the deadliest attack on law enforcement in the country since October 2019. The National Guard has been deployed to search for the killers.
28 April – The city of Aguililla, Michoacán, taken over by Jalisco New Generation Cartel.
14 May – 2 soldiers killed during a fight against Jalisco New Generation Cartel close to Aguililla.
14 May – Shootout between Jalisco New Generation Cartel and Mexican Armed Forces; 2 soldiers killed and 2 wounded on Jilotlán-Tepalcatepec highway.
16 November - Wife and alleged financier of Nemesio Oseguera's CJNG captured by the Mexican Army in Zapopan, Jalisco.
2022
18 August - Obrador's government publishes a truth commission report about the 2014 Iguala mass kidnapping saying disappearance of 43 students had been a "crime of the state," in which drug traffickers working with federal police and military had killed students citing as key evidence 467 screenshots of messages purportedly sent by criminals and officials.
31 October - inquiry into the 2014 Iguala mass kidnapping continues to collapse as government's key evidence could not be verified.
2023
5 January - Ovidio Guzmán López (El Raton) is arrested in Sinaloa district, consequently fighting breaks out between the Sinaloa cartel and the Mexican army.
References
External links
Mexico's Drug War – Extensive coverage from the L.A. Times
Lists of armed conflicts in the 21st century
Mexican drug war
Mexican Drug War
Mexican Drug War
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline%20of%20the%20Mexican%20drug%20war
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The Bull may refer to:
Arts and entertainment
"The Bull", a short story by Saki
The Young Bull or The Bull, a 1647 painting by Paulus Potter
The Bull of Navan or The Bull, a sculpture in Navan, Ireland
An alternative name for the music venue The Bull's Head, Barnes, south-west London
"The Bull", a song from the album Slowheart by Kip Moore
"The Bull", a song from the album Good Blood Headbanguers by Massacration
Film
The Bull (2019 film), a film by Boris Akopov
Il toro, or The Bull, a film by Carlo Mazzacurati
The Bull, a character in the 2009 film Where the Wild Things Are
Radio
The pub in the long-running BBC radio series The Archers
KOMG, a country music radio station in Willard, Missouri
KSD (FM), a country music radio station in St. Louis, Missouri
KZSN, a country music radio station in Hutchinson, Kansas
WBUL-FM, a country music radio station in Lexington, Kentucky
People
Carmine Agnello (born 1960), American mobster
Sammy Gravano (born 1945), American mobster and government informant
Terry Jenkins (born 1963), English professional darts player
Andy "The Bull" McSharry, Irish farmer known for his disputes with hillwalkers
"Johnny the Bull", a ring name of American professional wrestler Jon Hugger
Other uses
Taurus (constellation)
The Bull, Dorset, a rock out to sea near Durdle Door on the Jurassic Coast, England
The Bull at Pinehurst Farms, a Jack Nicklaus-designed golf course located in Sheboygan Falls, Wisconsin, US
The Bull at Sonning, a pub in Sonning, England
The Bull, St Paul's Cray, a pub in London, England
See also
Bull (disambiguation)
Nicknames
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Bull
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James Henry Plummer (19 February 1848 – 10 September 1932) was a Canadian financier, He acquired the Dominion Iron and Steel Company in 1903 and developed it as a major industry before and during the First World War.
Biography
Plummer was born in 1848 at Mary Tavy, England. He emigrated to Canada with his parents (William Plummer and Elizabeth Williams) in 1859 and was educated at Upper Canada College. In 1867 he began work as a clerk in the Toronto branch of the Bank of Montreal. He joined the Canadian Bank of Commerce in 1868 as a clerk, rising to become manager of several branches by 1878 and assistant general manager by 1903.
He was the namesake of the canal-sized package freighter J. H. Plummer, built in 1903 by Armstrong Whitworth & Company Ltd. at Newcastle-on-Tyne. This 257-foot, 1,643-ton steamer was owned originally by the Canadian Lake and ocean Navigation Company Ltd., a subsidiary of the McKenzie and Mann Group.
In 1903 Plummer acquired control of the Dominion Iron and Steel Company Ltd. (DISCO) from James Ross of Montreal, who in turn had purchased it from the Henry Melville Whitney syndicate of Boston, Massachusetts, in 1901. Plummer was elected president of DISCO in 1904. He acquired control of the Dominion Coal Company Ltd.(DOMCO) from Ross in 1910 and made both companies subsidiaries of the Dominion Steel Corporation (DOSCO).
In 1919 Plummer negotiated the sale of DOMCO and DISCO to a syndicate of British investors led by Roy M. Wolvin of Montreal. This led to the organization in 1921 of the British Empire Steel Company (BESCO), which was succeeded in 1930 by the Dominion Steel and Coal Corporation.
James H. Plummer lived in retirement in Toronto until his death there at the age of 84 on 10 September 1932.
Plummer is buried at St. James Cemetery.
References
1848 births
1932 deaths
Canadian bankers
Bank of Montreal people
Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce people
Burials at St. James Cemetery, Toronto
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Henry%20Plummer
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Lash Lightning is a fictional superhero character who first appeared in Sure-Fire Comics #1 (June 1940) from Ace Comics, which was renamed Lightning Comics with issue #4 to take advantage of the new character's popularity. Originally called Flash Lightning, the character's name was changed to Lash Lightning in issue #7 to avoid confusion with DC Comics' the Flash.
Lightning Comics ended with issue #13 in June 1942. In this final issue, he was joined by a sidekick, Lightning Girl.
Lash also appeared in issues #1 to 22 (Sept 1941 – March 1946) of the Ace title Four Favorites; about halfway through this run the "Lash" was dropped and he was simply named Lightning. Lightning Girl joined him in issue #6.
Fictional biography
Ace
In 1940, explorer Robert Morgan is delving into an Egyptian pyramid when he encounters an ancient mystic called The Old Man of the Pyramids. The mystic teaches Morgan ancient secrets, and gives him the Amulet of Annihilation, on the condition that he uses his powers to fight evil.
Morgan's powers include super-strength, super-speed, flight, the ability to generate electricity and radiate "lightning heat" and a measure of invulnerability (e.g., he can contain the explosion of a grenade with his bare hands); his powers can be recharged by electricity. Returning to the United States, Morgan dons a costume and changes his name to Lash Lightning (as opposed to maintaining a secret identity). His emblem is a triangle with a thunderbolt emerging from each of its three sides.
His early foes include the Mummy, an insane college professor wrapped in bandages infused with radium, and the mad scientist Mastermind. His recurring villains also include a werewolf, the zombie-raising Dr. Diablo, and the Maestro, who wears a bee costume.
Later, Lash’s friend Isobel Blake gains powers identical to his when he accidentally charges her with thousands of volts of electricity; she dons a costume similar to his and becomes his partner, Lightning Girl. The two of them are able to track each other via their “lightning impulses.”
Project Superpowers
At some point after World War II, both Lash Lightning and Lightning Girl were imprisoned in the mystical Urn of Pandora, along with many other heroes, by the misguided Fighting Yank; decades later, the Urn was broken and the heroes released. The duo were then recruited, along with six other heroes (including Magno and Davey Captain Courageous, Mr. Raven, Soldier Unknown), and The Sword, to form a team called The Super-Mysterymen; the purpose of this team has not yet been revealed.
Living Legends
Lightning Girl is one of the sixteen heroes to have hopped sixty years into the future in the pages of the Metahuman Press serial Living Legends. She was the only one of the characters to return to college in an attempt to regain a normal life, but the return of a still-young Robert Morgan has complicated matters in the still-ongoing serial.
Revival
In 2008, Lash Lightning and Lightning Girl appeared in flashback in Dynamite Entertainment’s Project Superpowers #0; in the one-shot Project Superpowers: Chapter Two Prelude, they appear in this line as part of a team called The Super-Mysterymen (presumably named after the Ace title Super-Mystery Comics).
References
External links
Lash Lighting / Flash Lightning at Don Markstein's Toonopedia. Archived from the original on October 24, 2015.
Living Legends at MetahumanPress.com
Dynamite Entertainment characters
Golden Age superheroes
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lash%20Lightning
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The Fight at Monterey Pass (or Gap) was an American Civil War military engagement beginning the evening of July 4, 1863, during the Retreat from Gettysburg. A Confederate wagon train of Lt. Gen. Richard S. Ewell's Second Corps, Army of Northern Virginia, withdrew after the Battle of Gettysburg, and Union cavalry under Brig. Gen. H. Judson Kilpatrick attacked the retreating Confederate column. After a lengthy delay in which a small detachment of Maryland cavalrymen delayed Kilpatrick's division, the Union cavalrymen captured numerous Confederate prisoners and destroyed hundreds of wagons.
Background
General Robert E. Lee ordered his Confederate Army of Northern Virginia to begin withdrawing from Gettysburg following his army's defeat on July 3, 1863. When Maj. Gen. George G. Meade's Army of the Potomac did not counterattack by the evening of July 4, Lee realized that he could accomplish nothing more in his Gettysburg Campaign and that he had to return his battered army to Virginia. His ability to supply his army by living off the Pennsylvania countryside was now significantly reduced and the Union could easily bring up additional reinforcements as time passed, whereas he could not. Prior to the movement of the infantry and artillery, however, Lee was concerned with removing his long train of wagons, supplies, and wounded men over South Mountain and into the Cumberland Valley. He sent the majority of the wagons and ambulances under the direction of Brig. Gen. John D. Imboden over the Chambersburg Pike, which passed through Cashtown in the direction of Chambersburg and Hagerstown, Maryland.
While Imboden's wagons moved northwest, Lee designated a shorter route for his three corps: southwest through Fairfield and over Monterey Pass to Hagerstown. After dark on July 4, Lt. Gen. A.P. Hill's Third Corps headed out onto the Fairfield Road, followed by Lt. Gen. James Longstreet's First Corps and Lt. Gen. Richard S. Ewell's Second Corps. Lee accompanied Hill at the head of the column. Departing in the dark, Lee had the advantage of getting several hours head start and the route from the west side of the battlefield to Williamsport was about half as long as the ones available to the Army of the Potomac.
However, the first traffic on the Fairfield Road had begun on the evening of July 3, when Ewell, concerned about the logistical challenges of the impending retreat, sent his corps trains and herds of captured cattle ahead of his main body. He divided his wagons into three columns. The first used the Cashtown Gap, the second the Fairfield Gap, and the third the Monterey Pass. The wagons headed for Monterey Pass followed the route of Maj. Gen. George Pickett's division, which was moving to the rear as escorts for the Union prisoners of war from the battle.
Early on July 4 Meade sent his cavalry to strike the enemy's rear and lines of communication so as to "harass and annoy him as much as possible in his retreat." Eight cavalry brigades took to the field. Col. J. Irvin Gregg's brigade moved toward Cashtown via Hunterstown and the Mummasburg Road, but all of the others moved south of Gettysburg. Brig. Gen. Judson Kilpatrick's cavalry division joined up with the brigade of Col. Pennock Huey at Emmitsburg, Maryland, and they were ordered to locate and destroy "a heavy train of wagons" that had been spotted by a Union signal station. Assuming that Ewell's corps wagon train was actually the main supply trains for Lee's army, Kilpatrick moved out aggressively at 10 a.m. on July 4, proceeding west on the Waynesboro-Emmitsburg Turnpike toward the village of Fountain Dale (just east of present-day Blue Ridge Summit on Pennsylvania Route 16) and Monterey Pass.
Confederate cavalry commander Maj. Gen. J.E.B. Stuart understood the importance of securing the mountain passes and he assigned the primary responsibility to the cavalry brigades of Brig. Gens. Beverly H. Robertson and William E. "Grumble" Jones. Recognizing the vulnerability of Ewell's immense wagon train in the narrow Monterey Pass, Jones asked permission from Stuart to use his entire brigade to defend it. Stuart allowed the 6th and 7th Virginia Cavalry regiments and a battery of horse artillery under Capt. Roger Preston Chew to be assigned. The 7th Virginia was soon recalled, replaced by the 4th North Carolina Cavalry of Robertson's Brigade.
Engagement in the Pass
Brig. Gen. George A. Custer, a brigade commander under Kilpatrick, received intelligence from a local civilian that the rear of Ewell's wagon train was approaching a large summer resort hotel named Monterey Springs, which sat atop the Pass. Despite being warned of a Confederate artillery placement ahead, Kilpatrick ordered his entire force to advance. A single 12-pounder Napoleon of Courtney's Battery fired a shot at the Union horsemen, but the gunners withdrew before they could be attacked.
The remaining Confederate force on the road up the hill to the Pass consisted of a detachment of 20 dismounted cavalrymen under Capt. George M. Emack from the 1st Maryland Cavalry Battalion, along with a single cannon. As Union troopers from the 5th Michigan Cavalry approached Emack's men, the cannon opened fire and eight of the Marylanders conducted a mounted charge into the head of the Union column. In the dark and the heavy rain, the Union cavalrymen were taken by surprise and many of them retreated in panic. The Confederate cavalrymen dismounted and took up positions on both sides of the road. When the Federals returned, Emack's men waited patiently until they were about 10 yards away and opened fire. The Union cavalrymen were convinced they were opposed by a much larger force. While this standoff continued, Ewell's wagons were moving as swiftly as possible to get out of range of the Union cavalry threat.
By the time Grumble Jones was able to make his way to the scene through the crowded roads, the small Maryland detachment had been driven back several hundred yards, almost to the road junction being used by the wagon train. By this time less than one half of the train had made it safely through the Pass. Jones promised reinforcements from the 6th Virginia Cavalry and Emack ordered his men to hold their ground and conserve their ammunition. Meanwhile, elements of Jones's cavalry attacked Huey's brigade in the rear of Kilpatrick's column.
Kilpatrick brought forward two guns of horse artillery from Lt. Alexander C. M. Pennington's Battery M, 2nd U.S. Artillery, supported by men of the 1st Ohio Cavalry. South of the hotel, a bridge on the road had not been destroyed by the Confederates and Col. Russell A. Alger of the 5th Michigan Cavalry requested reinforcements to make a mounted charge across the bridge. Kilpatrick ordered Custer to make the attack with his full Michigan Brigade. The advance of the 5th and 6th Michigan Cavalry regiments was slowed by the darkness, difficult terrain, and dense undergrowth. The tiny group of Marylanders, supported by a few cavalrymen from the 4th North Carolina of Robertson's Brigade, had delayed the Union advance for nearly five hours.
At about 3 a.m. on July 5, as the Michigan Brigade continued to move slowly forward, Kilpatrick sent in the 1st West Virginia Cavalry under Major Charles E. Capehart. Capehart's 640 officers and men charged what they imagined to be "five times" their numbers. In hand-to-hand fighting with sabers and revolvers, they seized the Confederate cannon and Capehart was later awarded the Medal of Honor for his gallant service. The road was open to attack the wagon train.
Attacking the wagon train
The Union cavalrymen crashed into the column of now lightly protected wagons. Custer, in his enthusiasm for the charge, was thrown from his horse and nearly captured. Grumble Jones also narrowly avoided capture. Pennington's artillery began shelling the wagons toward the rear of the column, splintering carriages and blocking any opportunity for retreat. The Union and Confederate cavalrymen became thoroughly mixed up among the wagons and the enemies were unable to differentiate themselves in the darkness. Several friendly fire incidents occurred as Union troopers accidentally fired on their own lines.
Union troopers rode all the way through the wagon train until they reached Ewell's infantry and captured large numbers of prisoners before returning to repeat the effort. They erected hasty barricades in front of the wagon train to protect what they had captured. More than 1,300 Confederates—primarily wounded men in ambulances, but also slaves, free blacks, and some cavalrymen—were captured and most of the wagons were destroyed. Many of the mules survived and were turned over to the Cavalry Corps quartermaster. Kilpatrick later reported that he had destroyed Ewell's entire wagon train, although he had in fact encountered only a fraction of the full, 40-mile long train. The Confederates lost about 250 wagons and ambulances with casualties from Iverson's and Daniel's Brigades and of three artillery battalions, as well as 37 wagons from Maj. Gen. Robert E. Rodes's division quartermaster trains.
Aftermath
Following the fight at Monterey Pass, Kilpatrick’s division reached Smithsburg around 2 p.m. on July 5. Stuart arrived from over South Mountain with the brigades of Chambliss and Ferguson. A horse artillery duel ensued, causing some damage to the small town. Kilpatrick withdrew at dark "to save my prisoners, animals, and wagons" and arrived at Boonsboro (spelled Boonsborough at that time) before midnight.
Lee's retreat continued to the Potomac, as minor combat operations—primarily cavalry actions—occurred at Hagerstown (July 6 and 12), Boonsboro (July 8), Funkstown (July 7 and 10), and around Williamsport and Falling Waters (July 6–14). At the Potomac, the Confederates found that rising waters and destroyed pontoon bridges prevented their immediate crossing. Erecting substantial defensive works, they awaited the arrival of the Union army, which had been pursuing over longer roads more to the south of Lee's route. Before Meade could perform adequate reconnaissance and attack the Confederate fortifications, Lee's army escaped across fords and a hastily rebuilt bridge.
Legacy
The history of the Monterey Pass battle is commemorated by the Monterey Pass Battlefield Park and Museum, which opened in 2015. Multiple historical markers are present near the site, including a Pennsylvania marker installed in 1940, and a Michigan historical marker dedicated at the museum's opening. The Michigan historical marker is one of eight located outside the state of Michigan.
A 40-minute documentary on the battle entitled Ten Days and Still They Come — The Battle at Monterey Pass was released in 2011.
Notes
References
Brown, Kent Masterson. Retreat from Gettysburg: Lee, Logistics, & the Pennsylvania Campaign. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2005. .
Coddington, Edwin B. The Gettysburg Campaign; a study in command. New York: Scribner's, 1968. .
Gottfried, Bradley M. The Maps of Gettysburg: An Atlas of the Gettysburg Campaign, June 3 – June 13, 1863. New York: Savas Beatie, 2007. .
Huntington, Tom. Pennsylvania Civil War Trails: The Guide to Battle Sites, Monuments, Museums and Towns. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2007. .
Longacre, Edward G. The Cavalry at Gettysburg. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1986. .
Wittenberg, Eric J., J. David Petruzzi, and Michael F. Nugent. One Continuous Fight: The Retreat from Gettysburg and the Pursuit of Lee's Army of Northern Virginia, July 4–14, 1863. New York: Savas Beatie, 2008. .
Further reading
Laino, Philip, Gettysburg Campaign Atlas. 2nd ed. Dayton, OH: Gatehouse Press 2009. .
Wert, Jeffry D. Custer: The Controversial Life of George Armstrong Custer. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1997. .
External links
Miller, John Allen, Monterey Pass: The Gateway of Agony, Emmitsburg Area Historical Society. accessed March 9, 2009.
Monterey Pass Battlefield Association
Monterey Pass Battlefield Park
Battles of the Gettysburg campaign
Union victories of the American Civil War
Battles of the American Civil War in Pennsylvania
Battles of the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War
History of Franklin County, Pennsylvania
South Mountain Range (Maryland−Pennsylvania)
1863 in Pennsylvania
July 1863 events
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fight%20at%20Monterey%20Pass
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Dangiwacha is a small town located in Baramulla district, of Jammu and Kashmir region, India.
Cities and towns in Baramulla district
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dangiwacha
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