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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PhotoRec
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PhotoRec is a free and open-source utility software for data recovery with text-based user interface using data carving techniques, designed to recover lost files from various digital camera memory, hard disk and CD-ROM. It can recover the files with more than 480 file extensions (about 300 file families).
It is also possible to add custom file signature to detect less known files.
PhotoRec does not attempt to write to the damaged media the user is about to recover from. Recovered files are instead written to the directory from which PhotoRec is run, any other directory may be chosen. It can be used for data recovery or in a digital forensics context.
PhotoRec is shipped with TestDisk.
Functionality
FAT, NTFS, ext2/ext3/ext4 file systems store files in data blocks (also called data clusters under Windows). The cluster or block size remains at a constant number of sectors after being initialized during the formatting of the filesystem. In general, most operating systems try to store the data in a contiguous way so as to minimize data fragmentation. The seek time of mechanical drives is significant for writing and reading data to/from a hard disk, so that is why it is important to keep the fragmentation to a minimum level.
When a file is deleted, the meta-information about this file (filename, date/time, size, location of the first data block/cluster, etc.) is lost; e.g., in an ext3/ext4 filesystem, the names of deleted files are still present, but the location of the first data block is removed. This means the data is still present on the filesystem, but only until some or all of it is overwritten by new file data.
To recover these "lost" files, PhotoRec first tries to find the data block (or cluster) size. If the filesystem is not corrupted, this value can be read from the superblock (ext2/ext3/ext4) or volume boot record (FAT, NTFS). Otherwise, PhotoRec reads the media, sector by sector, searching for the first ten files, from which it calculates the block/cluster size from their locations. Once this block size is known, PhotoRec reads the media block by block (or cluster by cluster). Each block is checked against a signature database; which comes with the program and has been growing in the type of files it can recover ever since PhotoRec's first version came out. It is a common data recovery method called file carving.
For example, PhotoRec identifies a JPEG file when a block begins with:
Start Of Image + APP0: 0xff, 0xd8, 0xff, 0xe0
Start Of Image + APP1: 0xff, 0xd8, 0xff, 0xe1
or Start Of Image + Comment: 0xff, 0xd8, 0xff, 0xfe
If PhotoRec has already started to recover a file, it stops its recovery, checks the consistency of the file when possible and starts to save the new file (which it determined from the signature it found).
If the data is not fragmented, the recovered file should be identical to (or possibly larger than) the original file in size. In some cases, PhotoRec can learn the original file size from the file heade
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems%20Programming%20Language
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Systems Programming Language, often shortened to SPL but sometimes known as SPL/3000, was a procedurally-oriented programming language written by Hewlett-Packard for the HP 3000 minicomputer line and first introduced in 1972. SPL was used to write the HP 3000's primary operating system, Multi-Programming Executive (MPE). Similar languages on other platforms were generically referred to as system programming languages, confusing matters.
Originally known as Alpha Systems Programming Language, named for the development project that produced the 3000-series, SPL was designed to take advantage of the Alpha's stack-based processor design. It is patterned on ESPOL, a similar ALGOL-derived language used by the Burroughs B5000 mainframe systems, which also influenced a number of 1960s languages like PL360 and JOVIAL.
Through the mid-1970s, the success of the HP systems produced a number of SPL offshoots. Examples include ZSPL for the Zilog Z80 processor, and Micro-SPL for the Xerox Alto. The later inspired Action! for the Atari 8-bit family, which was fairly successful. The latter more closely followed Pascal syntax, losing some of SPL's idiosyncrasies.
SPL was widely used during the lifetime of the original integrated circuit-based versions HP 3000 platform. In the 1980s, the HP 3000 and MPE were reimplemented in an emulator running on the PA-RISC-based HP 9000 platforms. HP promoted Pascal as the favored system language on PA-RISC and did not provide an SPL compiler. This caused code maintenance concerns, and 3rd party SPL compilers were introduced to fill this need.
History
Hewlett-Packard introduced their first minicomputers, the HP 2100 series, in 1967. The machines had originally been designed by an external team working for Union Carbide and intended mainly for industrial embedded control uses, not the wider data processing market. HP saw this as a natural fit with their existing instrumentation business and initially pitched it to those users. In spite of this, HP found that the machine's price/performance ratio was making them increasingly successful in the business market.
During this period, the concept of time sharing was becoming popular, especially as core memory costs fell and systems began to ship with more memory. In 1968, HP introduced a bundled system using two 2100-series machine running HP Time-Shared BASIC, which provided a complete operating system as well as the BASIC programming language. These two-machine systems, collectively known as HP 2000s, were an immediate success. HP BASIC was highly influential for many years, and its syntax can be seen in a number microcomputer BASICs, including Palo Alto TinyBASIC, Integer BASIC, North Star BASIC, Atari BASIC, and others.
Designers at HP began to wonder "If we can produce a time-sharing system this good using a junky computer like the 2116, think what we could accomplish if we designed our own computer." To this end, in 1968 the company began putting together a larger team to de
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.NET%20Remoting
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.NET Remoting is a Microsoft application programming interface (API) for interprocess communication released in 2002 with the 1.0 version of .NET Framework. It is one in a series of Microsoft technologies that began in 1990 with the first version of Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) for 16-bit Windows. Intermediate steps in the development of these technologies were Component Object Model (COM) released in 1993 and updated in 1995 as COM-95, Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM), released in 1997 (and renamed ActiveX), and COM+ with its Microsoft Transaction Server (MTS), released in 2000. It is now superseded by Windows Communication Foundation (WCF), which is part of the .NET Framework 3.0.
Like its family members and similar technologies such as Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) and Java's remote method invocation (RMI), .NET Remoting is complex, yet its essence is straightforward. With the assistance of operating system and network agents, a client process sends a message to a server process and receives a reply.
Overview
.NET Remoting allows an application to make an object (termed remotable object) available across remoting boundaries, which includes different appdomains, processes or even different computers connected by a network. The .NET Remoting runtime hosts the listener for requests to the object in the appdomain of the server application. On the client end, any requests to the remotable object are proxied by the .NET Remoting runtime over Channel objects, that encapsulate the actual transport mode, including TCP streams, HTTP streams and named pipes. As a result, by instantiating proper Channel objects, a .NET Remoting application can be made to support different communication protocols without recompiling the application. The runtime itself manages the act of serialization and marshalling of objects across the client and server appdomains.
.NET Remoting makes a reference of a remotable object available to a client application, which then instantiates and uses a remotable object as if it were a local object. However, the actual code execution happens at the server-side. A remotable object is identified by Activation URLs and are instantiated by a connection to the URL. A listener for the object is created by the remoting runtime when the server registers the channel that is used to connect to the remotable object. At the client side, the remoting infrastructure creates a proxy that stands-in as a pseudo-instantiation of the remotable object. It does not implement the functionality of the remotable object, but presents a similar interface. As such, the remoting infrastructure needs to know the public interface of the remotable object beforehand. Any method calls made against the object, including the identity of the method and any parameters passed, are serialized to a byte stream and transferred over a communication protocol-dependent Channel to a recipient proxy object at the server side ("marshalled"), by w
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CorVision
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CorVision is a fourth generation programming tool (4GL) currently owned by Attunity, Inc. CorVision was developed by Cortex Corporation for the VAX/VMS ISAM environment. Although Cortex beta tested CorVision-10 which was generated for PCs but CorVision itself stayed anchored on VMS. CorVision-10 proved more difficult than hoped, and was never released.
Lifecycle
The birth of CorVision
CorVision can be traced back to 1972 when Lou Santoro and Mike Lowery created INFORM for the newly formed time-sharing company Standard Information Systems (SIS). INFORM contained some of CorVisions basic utility commands such as SORT, REPORT, LIST and CONSOLIDATE. Some of the first users of INFORM were New England Telephone, Polaroid and Temple Barker & Sloan. By 1972 SIS had offices in Los Angeles, Garden Grove, Minneapolis, Chicago, Boston, New York City, District of Columbia, Charlotte, Raleigh, Atlanta and Phoenix.
Establishing CorVision
Between 1976 and 1977 Ken Levitt and Dick Berthold of SIS ported INFORM from the CDC-3600 to the PDP-11/70 under IAS. They called this new tool INFORM-11. Cortex was founded in 1978 by Sherm Uchill, Craig Hill, Mike Lowery, and Dick Berthold to market INFORM-11. INFORM-11 was first used to deliver a 20-user order entry system at Eddie Bauer, and to deliver an insurance processing system for Consolidated Group Trust.
Between 1981 and 1982 Cortex received significant investment from A. B. Dick. Using this new investment, Cortex ported INFORM to Digital Equipment Corporation's new VAX/VMS, adding compiled executables. INFORM-11 was promoted by both Cortex and Digital as a pioneering rapid application development system.
In 1984 Jim Warner encapsulated INFORM in a repository-based development tool and called it Application Factory. INFORM's PROCESS procedural language became known as BUILDER within Application Factory. In 1986 the name of Application Factory was dropped in favor of the name CorVision.
CorVision's heyday
Between 1986 and 1989 CorVision experienced its heyday. It quickly became known as a robust and capable tool for rapidly building significant multi-user applications. The addition of relational database support attracted major accounts. Cortex quickly became an international company.
In 1992, CorVision Version 5 was released with Query and support for Unix. Query allowed read-only access by users and developers to a systems database backend. Where this seemed a desirable facility, allowing users to create "use once then throw away" reports without calling on developers this had a nasty habit of causing performance issues. Users often did not understand the database structure and could send large queries to the processing queues causing system-wide issues.
In 1993 Cortex started supported vesting to Digital's new 64-bit Alpha line. In 1994, International Software Group Co. Ltd. (ISG) purchased Cortex.
The beginning of the end for CorVision
As early as 1987, Cortex recognized the growth in the popularity
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alaris
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Alaris was the brand name of the regional rail network run by the Spanish national rail company Renfe Operadora that connected the major cities of Madrid and Valencia, and Barcelona and the main cities of the Valencian community, between 1999 and 2013.
History
In 2008, the service was partially provided with Series 120 units, and since 2009 S130 and S490 units have been used interchangeably. Since September 12, 2011, two Alaris S490s have replaced the Arco García Lorca to Seville and the Arco to Malaga. Although they have better performance, the change has generated criticism due to the lower capacity of the new Alaris. Starting in 2013, Alaris was gradually replaced by the renewed Renfe Intercity system.
External links
References
Renfe
ca:Línies de Llarga Distància a Catalunya#Alaris
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TW%202000
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The TW 2000 is a Stadtbahn vehicle in operation on the Hanover Stadtbahn network in Hanover, Germany.
History
After winning the bid for the Expo 2000 in 1990, the city of Hanover faced the need to greatly improve its transportation system. Therefore, the autobahn system was brought up to better standards, new buses were ordered (the StadtBus), and it was decided to buy new light rail vehicles for the Hanover Stadtbahn. Whilst a ninth series of the TW 6000, the Stadtbahn vehicle built from 1974 to 1993, could have technically been produced, the Hanover public transport operator üstra decided to build a new vehicle from scratch, using up-to-date technology, without the necessity to make the vehicle compatible to the aged design of the TW 6000.
The car was designed by Herbert Lindinger with British designer Jasper Morrison and was manufactured from 1997 to 2000 by Linke-Hofmann-Busch in Salzgitter (now part of Alstom).
The first car delivered was 2002, which was delivered to the Döhren depot on April 12, 1997. 2001, the first of the series, was delivered the following day to the Hanover fairground to serve as a showcase at Hannover Messe. The official presentation to the general public was on April 27, 1997, at Döhren depot, the cars went into official operational use on route 8 by September 1, 1997.
A notable feature is a system of several monitor pairs mounted under the ceiling. While the left monitor displays the next four stops, the right one provides news and adverts.
Daily usage
Two versions have been built, the TW 2000 with two cabs on each side and the TW 2500 with one cab and an open gangway at the rear end, supposed to run with another 2500 unit.
In daily use, these configurations can be found:
2000
2000+2000
2500-2500
2000+2000+2000 (very rare)
2500-2500+2000
2000+2000+2500-2500 (during trade fairs at Hanover fairground)
2500-2500+2500-2500 (during trade fairs)
Note that several high platform stops are too short for the last four configurations, therefore the first and last door remain shut.
External links
Stadtbahn Hannover TW 2000 (German language)
Hanover S-Bahn
Tram vehicles of Germany
Train-related introductions in 1997
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawed%20Siddiqi
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Jawed Siddiqi FBCS is a Pakistani British computer scientist and software engineer. He is professor emeritus of software engineering at Sheffield Hallam University, England. He is the president of NCUP National Council of University Professors in the UK.
Education and academic career
Siddiqi received a BSc degree in mathematics from the University of London, followed by an MSc and PhD in computer science at the University of Aston, Birmingham. During 1991–1993, he was a visiting researcher at the Centre for Requirements and Foundation at the Oxford University Computing Laboratory (now the Oxford University Department of Computer Science), working with Professor Joseph Goguen in the area of requirements engineering. Siddiqi has been involved with the BCS Formal Aspects of Computing Science (FACS) Specialist Group for many years. Currently he is chair of the group. Siddiqi is also an executive member of the IEEE Technical Council on Software Engineering (TCSE). Siddiqi is a British computer scientist, fellow of the British Computer Society, a member of the IEEE, and a member of the ACM. He is a co-editor of Formal Methods: State of the Art and New Directions.
Fighting racism
Siddiqi has for three decades has been involved in countering racism and fighting for social justice. He was a founding member and chair of the North Staffordshire Racial Equality Council, executive member of the West Midlands Regional Board for Commission for Racial Equality, secretary of the Black Justice Project and chair of Sheffield Racial Harassment Project. He has written about and been invited to speak on countering racism particularly structural racism. He is the vice chair of The Monitoring Group (TMG). TMG works with all sections of the black and Asian communities to that are facing hostility, abuse and violence from racists. It has been involved in several high-profile cases: the Stephen Lawrence family, Sarfraz Najeib family and Zahid Mubarek family.
Public service
Siddiqi was an active member, an elected officer and an experienced case worker for his trade union the University and College Union (UCU). He has been involved in a number of cases acting as a union representative or advocate for individuals against various public and private sector organisations. In April 2006, Siddiqi successfully defended Professor Richard Bornat of Middlesex University in a hearing concerning his suspension due to controversial emails. Siddiqi has a strong interest in mediation, arbitration and conflict resolution and in various fields but particularly higher education and information technology and is a member of Improving Dispute Resolution Advisory Service (IDRAS) for Higher and Further Education, UK. He has completed training with the Chartered Institute of Arbitrators entitling him to be an Associate of the Institute.
See also
List of British Pakistanis
References
External links
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
People from Karachi
Muhajir peo
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curl
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Curl or CURL may refer to:
Science and technology
Curl (mathematics), a vector operator that shows a vector field's rate of rotation
Curl (programming language), an object-oriented programming language designed for interactive Web content
cURL, a program and application library for transferring data with URLs
Antonov An-26, an aircraft, NATO reporting name CURL
Sports and weight training
Curl (association football), is spin on the ball, which will make it swerve when kicked
Curl, in the sport of curling, the curved path a stone makes on the ice or the act of playing; see Glossary of curling
Biceps curl, a weight training exercises
Leg curl, a weight training exercises
Wrist curl, a weight training exercises
Other uses
Curl (Japanese snack), a brand of corn puffs
Curl or ringlet, a lock of hair that grows in a curved, rather than straight, direction
Consortium of University Research Libraries, an association of UK academic and research libraries
Executive curl, the ring above a naval officer's gold lace or braid rank insignia
People with the surname
Kamren Curl (born 1999), American football player
Martina Gangle Curl (1906–1994), American artist and activist
Robert Curl (1933–2022), Nobel Laureate and emeritus professor of chemistry at Rice University
Rod Curl (born 1943), American professional golfer
Phil Curls (1942–2007), American politician
See also
Curling (disambiguation)
Overlap (disambiguation)
Spiral
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage%20ladder
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A voltage ladder is a simple electronic circuit consisting of several resistors connected in series with a voltage placed across the entire resistor network, a generalisation of a two-resistor voltage divider. Connections to the nodes provide access to the voltages available. Voltage ladders are useful for providing a set of successive voltage references, for instance for a flash analog-to-digital converter.
Operation
A voltage drop occurs across each resistor in the network causing each successive "rung" of the ladder (each node of the circuit) to have a higher voltage than the previous one.
Since the ladder is a series circuit, the current is the same throughout, and is given by the total voltage divided by the total series resistance (V/Req). The voltage drop across any one resistor is I×Rn, where I is the current calculated above, and Rn is the resistance of the resistor in question. The voltage referenced to ground at any node is simply the sum of the voltages dropped by each resistor between that node and ground.
Alternatively node voltages can be calculated using voltage division: the voltage drop across any resistor is V×Rn/Req where V is the total voltage, Req is the total (equivalent) resistance, and Rn is the resistance of the resistor in question. The voltage of a node referenced to ground is the sum of the drops across all the resistors, but it's now easier to consider all these resistors as a single equivalent resistance RT, which is simply the sum of all the resistances between the node and ground, so the node voltage is given by V×RT/Req.
References
Analog circuits
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Fourth%20Protocol%20%28video%20game%29
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The Fourth Protocol is an interactive fiction video game based on Frederick Forsyth's 1984 spy novel The Fourth Protocol. The game was released in 1985 by Hutchinson Computer Publishing, a subsidiary of the publishing house Hutchinson. It was designed by John Lambshead and Gordon Paterson, and programmed by Ben Notarianni, Rupert Bowater and Paul Norris of the Electronic Pencil Company. The game was released for the ZX Spectrum in July 1985, with the Commodore 64 release following one month later, and the Amstrad CPC conversion in 1986.
The game is split into three parts, and large sections of the programming were outsourced to others: Andrew Glaister (program conversion Spectrum, parts one and two), Dave Jones (programming Spectrum, part three), Ray Owen (graphics Spectrum, part three) and John Gibbons (programming C64, part three). The IBM PC version was developed for the Electronic Pencil company, by a developer named Brian Mallett. The PC version was written in 8086 assembler and used CGA graphics in 4 colour mode. The PC version was ported from the Z80 and 6502 versions. The PC version did not use DOS but booted up from its own floppy disk.
The game was published in the US by Bantam Software.
Gameplay
The game comprises three sections: "The NATO Documents", "The Bomb" and "The SAS Assault". In order to progress to the last two sections, the player must solve riddles based on the current and any previous sections. Macintosh-like icons are used to assign watchers and navigate until text-based interaction becomes available in the third section.
The NATO documents
The scene is Preston's office. The player takes the role of John Preston, the new head of Section C1(A). Somewhere in England, a burglar steals the famous Glen Diamonds, but he also finds some secret NATO documents. He alerts the MoD by sending them the documents anonymously. The Paragon Committee decides that John Preston's most important task is to find out who is leaking secrets, to whom they are being leaked and why. Other events occur along the way which also demand his attention.
The Cencom icon offers access to Preston's personal files where the player can store information throughout the first part of the game. The Assessment icon gives the player an idea of their progress, telling the player how much of the first stage they have solved and their current rating at MI5. Using surveillance the player can assign 'watchers' to targets; these are informants who provide valuable information, in addition to memos and reports, which will be brought to the player's attention via the sitreps icon. The calendar icon lets the player know how much time has passed. The telephone icon allows the player to accept calls or call out. It is also possible to save and restore the game at any point.
The bomb
From the clues in the first section, the player should have an idea about the plot and who could be responsible. This section is similar in gameplay to the first section, but the player
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julio%20Olalla
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Julio Olalla (born October 27, 1945, in Santiago de Chile) is a former English and Spanish-speaking Chilean government lawyer and current president of The Newfield Network, a consulting company and coaching school in the United States and Latin America.
Career
He worked in the government of Chilean president Salvador Allende before spending four years in exile in Argentina before emigrating to the United States in 1978 with his family.
In the United States, Olalla founded The Newfield Network in 1991 to promote ontological coaching. Notable clients include former Chilean president Michelle Bachelet and her cabinet, with which he worked in 2006.
He stays in Boulder, Colorado, and travels the world for work. His wise view of the world makes him a famous adviser to Fortune 500 or Global 500 companies.
Olalla has taught thousands as a motivational speaker, helping people with organization, leadership, emotion, education, learning, and coaching.
He is the author of a 2004 ebook titled "From Knowledge to Wisdom: Essays on the Crisis in Contemporary Learning", and several CDs on topics including ontological coaching, moods and emotions as fields of learning.
References
1945 births
Living people
Chilean emigrants to the United States
People from Santiago
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MSN%20Chat
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MSN Chat was the Microsoft Network version of IRCX (Internet Relay Chat extensions by Microsoft), which replaced Microsoft Chat, a set of Exchange-based IRCX servers first available in the Microsoft Comic Chat client, although Comic Chat was not required to connect.
History
Client Compatibility
According to the MSN Chat website, the following were required to use the MSN Chat Service:
Windows 95 or later
Internet Explorer 4.0 or later OR;
Netscape Navigator 4.x
The Microsoft Network Chat Control was developed as an ActiveX Component Object Model (COM) Object. ActiveX, being a Microsoft technology provided limited compatibility for other products. The other major platforms beside Internet Explorer that MSN Chat was supported on, was Netscape Navigator and MSNTV (formerly known as WebTV). To ensure the MSN Chat network was only being connected to by authorized clients, Microsoft created and implemented a SASL based Security Service Provider authentication package known as GateKeeper. This used a randomized session key to authorize users not using the Microsoft Passport (now Microsoft account) system. Microsoft used another SSP known as GateKeeperPassport, that worked from the same method but required certain attributes related to the user's account.
Defeating the "Authentication Challenge"
There have been various methods through the use of mIRC to access the MSN Chat Network. Most of the methods were through the use of the MSN Chat Control itself, yet others were more complicated.
In the beginning, shortly after the move from Microsoft Chat, the MSN Chat Network could be directly connected to through any IRC Client to irc.msn.com on port 6667. Perhaps because of abuse or other factors, such as the desire to authenticate users based on their Microsoft Passport, Microsoft implemented GateKeeper and GateKeeperPassport, and integrated both into their chat control. The weakness of GateKeeper and the fact the early MSN Chat Controls (1.0−3.0) had public functions for doing GateKeeper authentication seemed to indicate Microsoft wanted third parties to be able to access their network as before, but they wanted to be able to control automated abuse. In any event, these public functions allowed normal IRC clients to authorize themselves.
With the release of the MSN Chat Control 4.0, the public functions were removed. Users found a way to authorize by a "Proxy Method", forcing the Chat Control to bridge connections between mIRC and the Chat Network.
With the release of the MSN Chat Control 4.2 and later, they blocked this proxy method by having the chat control hash the IP address of the server to which it was instructed to connect into the response to the challenge in authentication. If the control was instructed to connect to any address other than the server, it would not match the server's hash and thus authentication would fail. A few later third party clients could authenticate without the control and were adjusted to compensate for this cha
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causal%20consistency
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Causal consistency is one of the major memory consistency models. In concurrent programming, where concurrent processes are accessing a shared memory, a consistency model restricts which accesses are legal. This is useful for defining correct data structures in distributed shared memory or distributed transactions.
Causal Consistency is “Available under Partition”, meaning that a process can read and write the memory (memory is Available) even while there is no functioning network connection (network is Partitioned) between processes; it is an asynchronous model. Contrast to strong consistency models, such as sequential consistency or linearizability, which cannot be both safe and live under partition, and are slow to respond because they require synchronisation.
Causal consistency was proposed in 1990s as a weaker consistency model for shared memory models. Causal consistency is closely related to the concept of Causal Broadcast in communication protocols. In these models, a distributed execution is represented as a partial order, based on Lamport's happened-before concept of potential causality.
Causal consistency is a useful consistency model because it matches programmers' intuitions about time, is more available than strong consistency models, yet provides more useful guarantees than eventual consistency. For instance, in distributed databases, causal consistency supports the ordering of operations, in contrast to eventual consistency. Also, causal consistency helps with the development of abstract data types such as queues or counters.
Since time and ordering are so fundamental to our intuition, it is hard
to reason about a system that does not enforce causal consistency.
However, many distributed databases lack this guarantee, even ones that
provide serialisability.
Spanner does guarantee causal consistency, but it also forces strong consistency, thus eschewing availability under partition.
More available databases that ensure causal consistency include MongoDB
and AntidoteDB.
Definition
Causal consistency captures the potential causal relationships between operations, and guarantees that all processes observe causally-related operations in a common order. In other words, all processes in the system agree on the order of the causally-related operations. They may disagree on the order of operations that are causally unrelated.
Let us define the following relation. If some process performs a write operation A, and some (the same or another) process that observed A then performs a write operation B, then it is possible that A is the cause of B; we say that A “potentially causes” or “causally precedes” B.
Causal Consistency guarantees that if A causally-precedes B, then every process in the system observes A before observing B. Conversely, two write operations C and D are said concurrent, or causally independent, if neither causally precedes the other. In this case, a process may observe either C before D, or D before
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sylvia%20Kierkegaard
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Sylvia Mercado Kierkegaard was a Philippine jurist who specialized in computer law.
Her research covered a wide range of topics, including comparative contract law, alternative dispute resolution, intellectual property rights, European Union law, privacy, electronic commerce, cybersecurity, computer law, and data protection. She wrote and edited books and journal articles.
She was the president of the International Association of IT Lawyers (IAITL), an association of IT lawyers and legal scholars specializing in computer law, privacy, and security.
In 2003, she finished an International Masters in European Business and Law at Aarhus University with the highest grade.
Career
Kierkegaard was a professor at the Communications University of China, professor-research fellow at The Institute for Law and the Web (ILAWS; University of Southampton), and adjunct professor at Xi'an Jiaotong University.
She was a frequent keynote speaker, invited expert, and panelist of various international workshops organised by international institutions, judiciary, European Union, television, and government bodies.
Community service
Kierkegaard served as chair of the Organizing Committee of the IAITL legal conference series and is editor-in-chief of the Journal of International Commercial Law and Technology, International Journal of Private Law, and the International Journal of Public Law and Policy. She serves also as associate editor of the International Journal of Intercultural Information Management, and managing editor of the Journal of Legal Technology Risk and Management.
Kierkegaard served as an expert adviser, speaker, and member of various study groups and committees for the European Union and the Council of Europe, which draft policies and proposals for legislative and regulatory policies on international level, as well as international associations.
Other activities included serving as a member of the Policy and Scientific Committee of the European Privacy Association.
Publications
Articles
Kierkegaard, S. & Kierkegaard, P. (2013) Danger to public health: medical devices, toxicity, virus and fraud Computer Law & Security Review, Vol. 29 (1), pp. 13–27, DOI: 10.1016/j.clsr.2012.11.006
Kierkegaard, S.; Waters, N.; Greenleaf, G.; Thole, E.; Grosheide, W. & DeMarco, J.V. (2012) Comments to the CoE Convention 108 draft proposal on data protection. Computer Law & Security Review, Vol. 28 (3), pp. 368–377
Kierkegaard, S.; Schulz, W.; Mingde, L. & Enders, T. (2011) Impact and Challenges of IPR: Co Reach in IPR 2 Report. Computer Law & Security Review Vol. 27 (4)
Kierkegaard, S. (2011) Postscript – Brown v EMA/ ESA- US Supreme Court decision 27 June 2011, Computer Law & Security Review Vol. 27 (4)
Kierkegaard, S. (2011) US War on terror: EU SWIFT(ly)signs blank cheque on EU data. Computer Law & Security Review Vol. 27 (5)
Kierkegaard, S. (2011) To Block or Not to Block-European Child Porno Law in Question. Computer Law & Security Review Vol. 27 (6)
Kierkeg
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Log%20analysis
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In computer log management and intelligence, log analysis (or system and network log analysis) is an art and science seeking to make sense of computer-generated records (also called log or audit trail records). The process of creating such records is called data logging.
Typical reasons why people perform log analysis are:
Compliance with security policies
Compliance with audit or regulation
System troubleshooting
Forensics (during investigations or in response to a subpoena)
Security incident response
Understanding online user behavior
Logs are emitted by network devices, operating systems, applications and all manner of intelligent or programmable devices. A stream of messages in time sequence often comprises a log. Logs may be directed to files and stored on disk or directed as a network stream to a log collector.
Log messages must usually be interpreted concerning the internal state of its source (e.g., application) and announce security-relevant or operations-relevant events (e.g., a user login, or a systems error).
Logs are often created by software developers to aid in the debugging of the operation of an application or understanding how users are interacting with a system, such as a search engine. The syntax and semantics of data within log messages are usually application or vendor-specific. The terminology may also vary; for example, the authentication of a user to an application may be described as a log in, a logon, a user connection or an authentication event. Hence, log analysis must interpret messages within the context of an application, vendor, system or configuration to make useful comparisons to messages from different log sources.
Log message format or content may not always be fully documented. A task of the log analyst is to induce the system to emit the full range of messages to understand the complete domain from which the messages must be interpreted.
A log analyst may map varying terminology from different log sources into a uniform, normalized terminology so that reports and statistics can be derived from a heterogeneous environment. For example, log messages from Windows, Unix, network firewalls, and databases may be aggregated into a "normalized" report for the auditor. Different systems may signal different message priorities with a different vocabulary, such as "error" and "warning" vs. "err", "warn", and "critical".
Hence, log analysis practices exist on the continuum from text retrieval to reverse engineering of software.
Functions and technologies
Pattern recognition is a function of selecting incoming messages and compare with a pattern book to filter or handle different ways.
Normalization is the function of converting message parts to the same format (e.g. common date format or normalized IP address).
Classification and tagging is ordering messages into different classes or tagging them with different keywords for later usage (e.g. filtering or display).
Correlation analysis is a technology
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RRD%20Editor
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RRD Editor is a GUI-based application that provides access to archived RRDtool data.
Features
The visual editing features of the RRD Editor allow users to modify the contents of an RRD (Round-Robin Database). Once an RRD is loaded into the editor, users can quickly locate a specific data point to modify or remove an entire Round-Robin Archive (RRA). The tool also allows new data sources and RRAs to be added in addition to detecting and removing spikes.
RRD Editor is licensed under the GNU GPL.
See also
RRD World - RRDtool Companions
Notes
External links
RRD Editor@sourceforge
Network management
Internet Protocol based network software
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernsehsender%20Paul%20Nipkow
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The Fernsehsender "Paul Nipkow" (TV Station Paul Nipkow) in Berlin, Germany, was the first public television station in the world. Carrying programming from Deutscher Fernseh-Rundfunk, it was on the air from 22 March 1935, until it was shut down in 1944. The station was named after Paul Gottlieb Nipkow, the inventor of the Nipkow disk.
History
Parallel to the experiments by John Logie Baird in the United Kingdom, by Herbert E. Ives and Charles Francis Jenkins in the United States, as well as by Kenjiro Takayanagi in Japan, television pioneers like Dénes Mihály and Manfred von Ardenne had organised experimental television transmissions in Berlin since 1928. In the same year, Telefunken presented a television set prototype during the Internationale Funkausstellung industrial exhibition. From 1929 television test programs were regularly aired from the Funkturm Berlin transmitter (Rundfunksender Witzleben). The first public transmission was introduced in the Kroll Opera House on 18 April 1934.
The station was receivable only in and around Berlin but became very popular when it covered the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin. About 160,000 viewers saw the Olympic games on a few private televisions and in many public television parlours. Television was used more for mainstream entertainment rather than propaganda, as Joseph Goebbels preferred radio as a mass-medium. The heavy and slow equipment made it difficult to report, and almost all programming was broadcast live. From 1942 to 1944, the Germans also restarted a TV station in Paris to broadcast programs in German and French. In 1944, the station was shut down, as were most other cultural events, as a consequence of the approach of the Allied Armies in the Normandy Campaign.
After the collapse of East Germany in 1990, about 280 rolls of 35mm film were discovered of Fernsehsender Paul Nipkow programs. In recent years, much of that material has been aired on German and international channels, mostly by The History Channel. In Germany, the rediscovered footage has been first used in the 1996 documentary Televisionen im Dritten Reich ("Tele-Visions in the Third Reich") made by WDR and NDR, as well as in Michael Kloft's 1999 documentary Das Fernsehen unter dem Hakenkreuz ("Television Under the Swastika").
See also
Einheits-Fernseh-Empfänger E1
Television in Germany
History of television
History of television in Germany
Haus des Rundfunks
References
Defunct television channels in Germany
Experimental television stations
History of telecommunications in Germany
Mass media in Berlin
Mass media of Nazi Germany
Television channels and stations established in 1935
1935 establishments in Germany
Television channels and stations disestablished in 1944
1944 disestablishments in Germany
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobi%20eigenvalue%20algorithm
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In numerical linear algebra, the Jacobi eigenvalue algorithm is an iterative method for the calculation of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a real symmetric matrix (a process known as diagonalization). It is named after Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi, who first proposed the method in 1846, but only became widely used in the 1950s with the advent of computers.
Description
Let be a symmetric matrix, and be a Givens rotation matrix. Then:
is symmetric and similar to .
Furthermore, has entries:
where and .
Since is orthogonal, and have the same Frobenius norm (the square-root sum of squares of all components), however we can choose such that , in which case has a larger sum of squares on the diagonal:
Set this equal to 0, and rearrange:
if
In order to optimize this effect, Sij should be the off-diagonal element with the largest absolute value, called the pivot.
The Jacobi eigenvalue method repeatedly performs rotations until the matrix becomes almost diagonal. Then the elements in the diagonal are approximations of the (real) eigenvalues of S.
Convergence
If is a pivot element, then by definition for . Let denote the sum of squares of all off-diagonal entries of . Since has exactly off-diagonal elements, we have or . Now . This implies
or ;
that is, the sequence of Jacobi rotations converges at least linearly by a factor to a diagonal matrix.
A number of Jacobi rotations is called a sweep; let denote the result. The previous estimate yields
;
that is, the sequence of sweeps converges at least linearly with a factor ≈ .
However the following result of Schönhage yields locally quadratic convergence. To this end let S have m distinct eigenvalues with multiplicities and let d > 0 be the smallest distance of two different eigenvalues. Let us call a number of
Jacobi rotations a Schönhage-sweep. If denotes the result then
.
Thus convergence becomes quadratic as soon as
Cost
Each Jacobi rotation can be done in O(n) steps when the pivot element p is known. However the search for p requires inspection of all N ≈ n2 off-diagonal elements. We can reduce this to O(n) complexity too if we introduce an additional index array with the property that is the index of the largest element in row i, (i = 1, ..., n − 1) of the current S. Then the indices of the pivot (k, l) must be one of the pairs . Also the updating of the index array can be done in O(n) average-case complexity: First, the maximum entry in the updated rows k and l can be found in O(n) steps. In the other rows i, only the entries in columns k and l change. Looping over these rows, if is neither k nor l, it suffices to compare the old maximum at to the new entries and update if necessary. If should be equal to k or l and the corresponding entry decreased during the update, the maximum over row i has to be found from scratch in O(n) complexity. However, this will happen on average only once per rotation. Thus, each rotation
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunch%20Date
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Lunch Date is a Philippine television variety show broadcast by GMA Network. Originally hosted by Orly Mercado, Rico J. Puno, Chiqui Hollman and Toni Rose Gayda, it premiered on June 9, 1986 replacing Student Canteen. The show concluded on March 19, 1993. It was replaced by SST: Salo-Salo Together in its timeslot.
Overview
Lunch Date started airing on June 9, 1986 replacing Student Canteen, with Orly Mercado, Rico J. Puno, Toni Rose Gayda and Chiqui Hollmann serving as the hosts. The show originally aired from Studio A of the old GMA building in EDSA, but moved to the GMA Broadway Centrum in 1987, the first of GMA's programs to do so.
When the show was reformatted after a year, it retained both Gayda and Hollman and added Randy Santiago, Keno, Lito Pimentel, Tina Revilla, Louie Heredia, Jon Santos, Dennis Padilla, Manilyn Reynes, Willie Revillame and Ai-Ai delas Alas to the show.
Cast
Orly Mercado
Rico J. Puno
Chiqui Hollmann
Toni Rose Gayda
Randy Santiago
Keno
Willie Revillame
Lito Pimentel
Tina Revilla
Louie Heredia
Manilyn Reynes
Jon Santos
Dennis Padilla
Ai-Ai delas Alas
Jenine Desiderio
Rustom Padilla (now known as BB Gandanghari)
Isabel Granada
Gino Padilla
Samantha Chavez
Ogie Alcasid
Geneva Cruz
Vernie Varga
Mahal
Bayani Agbayani
Guest hosts
German Moreno
Ike Lozada
Accolades
References
External links
1986 Philippine television series debuts
1993 Philippine television series endings
Filipino-language television shows
GMA Network original programming
Philippine variety television shows
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilzno
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Pilzno is a town in Poland, in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in Dębica County. It has 4,943 inhabitants as of 2018. It is located at the junction of important road of the Polish national road network DK 93 and DK 73 but has no railroad, even though in 1939 Polish government began construction of the Dębica – Jasło line, via Pilzno. The project was never completed.
History
Granted Magdeburg rights in 1354 by King Kazimierz Wielki, Pilzno has a rich history. In the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth it was the capital of a powiat, located in the Sandomierz Voivodeship. Most important historical building is St. John's church, with the famous Shrine and Painting of Our Lady of Consolation, founded around 1256. It is located near the medieval market square.
In the early days of Polish statehood, the area of Pilzno probably belonged to the Vistulans. The name of the town for the first time appears in 1105, in a document issued by Papal legate Gilles, who confirmed that Benedictine monks from Tyniec owned numerous villages and settlements along the Wisłoka river, including Pilzno. In 1328, Benedictine abbot Michał from Tyniec named first sołtys of Pilzno. In 1354, the village became a royal possession, and King Kazimierz Wielki granted it Magdeburg rights. At that time, Pilzno was conveniently located at the intersection of two busy merchant routes: west–east (from Kraków to Red Ruthenia), and north–south (from Sandomierz to the Kingdom of Hungary). The town belonged to the Duchy of Sandomierz, which later became Sandomierz Voivodeship. It was the capital of Pilzno County, which included Tarnów, Dębica, Ropczyce, Mielec, and Sędziszów Małopolski.
It is not known when the painting of Our Lady of Consolation was brought to Pilzno. It was already in the town in 1241, when Lesser Poland was invaded by the Mongols. The town was attacked by Asiatic hordes again in 1287, and the painting became famous. King Władysław Łokietek visited Pilzno’s parish church and prayed before the painting, and in 1340, knights of King Kazimierz Wielki, on their way to Red Ruthenia, stopped here as well. In 1386, the royal couple – King Władysław Jagiełło and his wife, Queen Jadwiga of Poland prayed here as well. In the Battle of Grunwald, the flag of knights of Sandomierz Land included, among others, a copy of the painting. In the late Middle Ages, Pilzno was burned twice. First in 1474, during the Polish – Hungarian war, and then in 1498, during a Tatar raid. The painting was destroyed in 1474, and ca. 1500, it was re-created, by a German artist Lazarus Gertner. At that time, Pilzno was one of the most important towns of southeastern Lesser Poland. Several artisans of different skills were active here, and town council profited from tolls collected for crossing the bridge over the Wisłoka. There were fairs which attracted a number of people, and local merchants traded with merchants from Hungary, buying from them Hungarian wines, which were very popular in Poland. Due to its Magd
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP%20250
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The HP 250 was a multiuser business computer by Hewlett-Packard running HP 250 BASIC language as its OS with access to HP's IMAGE database management. It was produced by the General Systems Division (GSD), but was a major repackaging of desktop workstation HP 9835 which had been sold in small business configurations. The HP 9835's processor was initially used in the first HP 250s.
The HP 250 borrowed the embedded keyboard design from the HP 300 and added a wider slide-able and tilt-able monitor with screen labeled function keys buttons physically placed just below on-screen labels (a configuration now used in ATMs and gas pumps) built into a large desk design.
Though the HP 250 had a different processor and operating system, it used similar interface cards to the HP 300, and then later also the HP 3000 models 30, 33, 40, 42, 44, and 48: HP-IB channel (GIC), Network, and serial (MUX) cards. Usually the HP250 was a small HP-IB single channel system (limited to seven HP-IB devices per GIC at a less than 1 MHz bandwidth).
Initially the HP 250 was like the HP300 as a single user, floppy based computer system. Later a multi-user ability was added, and the HP300's embedded hard drive was installed as a boot drive. Additionally, drivers were made available to connect and use more HP-IB devices: hard disc and tape drives, plus impact and matrix printers. This gave some business-growth scale-ability to the HP250 product line.
The HP 250 was advertised in 1978 and was promoted more in Europe as an easy-to-use, small space, low cost business system, and thus sold better in Europe. The next-gen HP 250 was the HP 260 which lost the table, embedded keyboard, and CRT for a small stand-alone box.
HP systems moved away from all-in-one table top designs to having the system in a remote secure location, and remotely connecting user's terminals and peripherals out to in their work area. In those days, RS-232 cables ran from desk side terminals (262x low cost terminals) to the HP 250 via a MUX card. Speeds of 9600 baud were common (pre- LAN / network cards to PCs).
See also
HP Roman Extension Set
References
External links
Ed Thelen's Computer History Museum Visible Storage page
Stan Sieler's HP250 page
HP Museum site
Retro Computer museum, Zatec, Czech Republic video
250
16-bit computers
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuwaa
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The Tuwaa Discussion Forum () was the one of the first Saudi discussion forums that promoted liberalism. It was founded in 2001 and was the most popular cyber-based discussion forum in Saudi Arabia.
A successor to Elaph's Forum, the first liberal Saudi forum on the web, Tuwaa members discussed social, religious and political reforms of Saudi Arabia and criticised the support of the religious institution by the Saudi Government, and criticised Wahhabism.
The site attracted famous Saudi writers and intellectuals as participants, among them were Turki al-Hamad and Muhammed Taib, a liberal activist.
The forum was subjected to several hacking and denial of service attacks by Saudi extremists and the site was blocked and forced to shut down by the Saudi Interior Ministry on 11 May 2004.
See also
The Bees Army
References
Internet forums
Internet in Saudi Arabia
Society of Saudi Arabia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IDEAS%20Group
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The IDEAS Group is the International Defence Enterprise Architecture Specification for exchange Group. The deliverable of the project is a data exchange format for military Enterprise Architectures. The scope is four nation (plus NATO as observers) and covers MODAF (UK), DoDAF (US), DNDAF (Canada) and the Australian Defence Architecture Framework (AUSDAF). The initial scope for exchange is the architectural data required to support coalition operations planning, including:
Systems – communications systems, networks, software applications, etc.
Communications links between systems
Information specifications – the types of information (and their security classifications) that the comms architecture will handle
Platforms and facilities
System and operational functions (activities)
People and organizations
Architecture meta-data – who owns it, who was the architect, name, version, description, etc.
The work has begun with the development of a formal ontology to specify the data exchange semantics. The W3C Resource Description Framework (RDF) and Web Ontology Language (OWL) will be the format used for data exchange. A demonstration of multinational interoperability is scheduled for September 2007, based on exchanging process models for casualty tracking.
The Need for Architecture Interoperability
The need for IDEAS was identified in 2005 by the Australian, Canadian, UK and US defence departments. The main purpose of IDEAS is to support coalition military operations planning. The ability to exchange architectures between countries enables better understanding of each other's capabilities, communications mechanisms and standard procedures.
Military Application
Sharing of standard operating procedures and doctrine. Each nation has its own operating procedures, which are usually represented in process models (e.g. a DoDAF OV-5 Product). An ability to share these processes between partner nations enables better understanding and more efficient joint operations.
Sharing of systems information. The nations generally use different communications systems, weapon systems and platforms. An ability to share technical information (within classification limits) enables better understanding of how partner nations' systems communicate and function. This allows for better orchestration of sensors and effects across the coalition.
Change management. The procurement cycles in each of the nations are generally not coordinated with each other. The ability to share future systems' information amongst partner nations allows for better forward planning.
Identification of system options. In planning a coalition operation, it is useful for the planner to have an accurate picture of each nation's capability contribution. This allows for selection of the best capability, and reduction in redundancy and start-up effort.
Identification of network configuration. It is important for each nation to have an understanding of the comms laydown for an operation. An abi
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluestein
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Bluestein is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Abe Bluestein (1909–1997), American anarchist and editor
Barbara Simons (née Bluestein, born 1941), American computer scientist
Greg Bluestein (born 1982), American journalist
Howard B. Bluestein, American research meteorologist
Susan Bluestein (born 1946), American casting director
Fictional characters include:
Suzanna Bluestein, in the Japanese anime Divergence Eve
See also
Bluestein's FFT algorithm
Blaustein (surname)
Germanic-language surnames
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QGIS
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QGIS is a free and open-source cross-platform desktop geographic information system (GIS) application that supports viewing, editing, printing, and analysis of geospatial data.
Functionality
QGIS functions as geographic information system (GIS) software, allowing users to analyze and edit spatial information, in addition to composing and exporting graphical maps. QGIS supports raster, vector and mesh layers. Vector data is stored as either point, line, or polygon features. Multiple formats of raster images are supported, and the software can georeference images.
QGIS supports shapefiles, personal geodatabases, dxf, MapInfo, PostGIS, and other industry-standard formats. Web services, including Web Map Service and Web Feature Service, are also supported to allow use of data from external sources.
QGIS integrates with other open-source GIS packages, including PostGIS, GRASS GIS, and MapServer. Plugins written in Python or C++ extend QGIS's capabilities. Plugins can geocode using the Google Geocoding API, perform geoprocessing functions similar to those of the standard tools found in ArcGIS, and interface with PostgreSQL/PostGIS, SpatiaLite and MySQL databases.
QGIS can also be used with SAGA GIS and Kosmo.
Development
Gary Sherman began development of Quantum GIS in early 2002, and it became an incubator project of the Open Source Geospatial Foundation in 2007. Version 1.0 was released in January 2009.
In 2013, along with release of version 2.0 the name was officially changed from Quantum GIS to QGIS to avoid confusion as both names had been used in parallel.)
Written mainly in C++, QGIS makes extensive use of the Qt library. In addition to Qt, required dependencies of QGIS include GEOS and SQLite. GDAL, GRASS GIS, PostGIS, and PostgreSQL are also recommended, as they provide access to additional data formats.
, QGIS is available for multiple operating systems including Mac OS X, Linux, Unix, and Microsoft Windows. There are several third-party apps that allow use of QGIS on mobile devices such as QField (Android, iOS and Windows), Mergin Maps (Android, iOS and Windows) and IntraMaps Roam (Windows).
QGIS can also be used as a graphical user interface to GRASS. QGIS has a small install footprint on the host file system compared to commercial GISs and generally requires less RAM and processing power; hence it can be used on older hardware or running simultaneously with other applications where CPU power may be limited.
QGIS is maintained by volunteer developers who regularly release updates and bug fixes. , developers have translated QGIS into 48 languages and the application is used internationally in academic and professional environments. Several companies offer support and feature development services.
Function
QGIS enables users to visualize their data using maps, charts, and diagrams while customizing the presentation with a variety of symbology choices.The capabilities for geographical analysis provided by QGIS, including as buffer
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space%20Goofs
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Space Goofs () is a French animated series that was produced by Gaumont Multimedia for its first season and Xilam for its second season, produced for France 3, and broadcast on that network from September 6, 1997 to May 12, 2006. It also debuted in the same year in Germany on ProSieben, and aired in Canada on Teletoon. In the UK, the first season premiered on Channel 4 in 1998 under the show's original title of Home to Rent and the second season premiered under the series' final name on Nicktoons UK on November 5, 2005 at 9:30am. Furthermore, it aired as part of the Fox Kids lineup on Fox in the United States.
The series also served as the basis of an adventure game, developed by Xilam themselves and published by Ubisoft for Microsoft Windows and Sega Dreamcast called Stupid Invaders in 2000 – which was dedicated to its co-creator, Jean-Yves Raimbaud. In contrast to the original show, it featured plenty of toilet humor and slightly more crude, adult content. It also was the first work produced by Xilam to be made for an older audience – the others being the adult animated movies, I Lost My Body and Kaena: The Prophecy, as well as another series, Mr. Baby.
Plot
Five extraterrestrials from the fictitious planet Zigma B, Candy H. Caramella, Etno Polino, Bud Budiovitch, Gorgious Klatoo and Stereo Monovici go on a picnic together in space. However, their spaceship crashes into an asteroid, and they fall to planet Earth. They realize that if any human finds out that they are aliens, they could be captured and experimented on by scientists, so they take shelter in the attic of a house that is up for rent.
The aliens have two goals: return to their home planet, and chase away anybody who tries to establish themselves in the house. To remain unknown from humans, the aliens use a device called the SMTV that lets them transform into almost any entity of their choosing, but always cycles through three other unrelated transformations (as a running gag) when used.
In the second season, Stereo is now no longer part of the main cast, with said character only being bought back for one episode. An explanation was provided where Stereo has somehow managed to get back to Zigma B, so Candy, Etno, Bud and Gorgious continue to find a way back home.
Characters
Candy Hector Caramella
Voiced by (French): Eric Le Roch (season 1), Éric Métayer (season 2)
Voiced by (English): Charlie Adler
Small and green, with a wrinkled forehead, red eyes, and wearing a polka-dotted apron, Candy is the uptight neat freak of the group. He is homosexual (often disguising himself as a woman), and it is not uncommon to see him flirt with men. He is very energetic (often cleaning around the house). He was changed to a female in the Latin American Spanish dub, but considers a sex change entirely in Stupid Invaders. In both the original French version and the English dub, Candy's voice parodies a fancy English accent.
Etno Polino
Voiced by (French): Peter Hudson (season 1), Bernard Ala
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft%20InfoPath
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Microsoft InfoPath is a software application for designing, distributing, filling and submitting electronic forms containing structured data. Microsoft initially released InfoPath as part of the Microsoft Office 2003 family. The product features a WYSIWYG form designer in which the various controls (e.g. text box, radio button, checkbox) are bound to data, represented separately as a hierarchical tree view of folders and data fields.
InfoPath 2013 became available for the first time as a freestanding download on September 1, 2015, when Microsoft made it available in its Download Center. However, unlike previous versions of InfoPath, the standalone version of InfoPath 2013 requires an active ProPlus subscription to Office 365. The current version of InfoPath 2013 (15.0.4733.1000) is designed to be an optional component to the Office suite of applications for users that need it. Its indirect successor is Microsoft Forms, which is free to anyone with a Microsoft Account.
Features
In order to use InfoPath to fill in a form, a designer must develop an InfoPath template first. According to Jean Paoli, one of its developers, a key architectural design decision was "to adhere to the XML paradigm of separating the data in a document from the formatting." A patent filed in 2000 by Adriana Neagu and Jean Paoli describes the technology as "authoring XML using DHTML views and XSLT."
All the data stored in InfoPath forms are stored in an XML format, which is referred to as the "data source". The form template must have one primary data source for submitting data and can have multiple secondary data sources for retrieving data into the form. Secondary data sources can be built into the form or they can be accessed through an external data connection to SharePoint or a Web service. The files of the InfoPath form template are saved as an archive in the cabinet file format with the file name extension xsn.
InfoPath provides several controls (e.g. textbox, radio button, checkbox) to present data in the data source to end-users. For data tables and secondary data sources, "Repeating Table" and other repeating controls are introduced. Template parts and ActiveX controls can also be added as custom controls in the designer.
For each of these controls, actions (called "rules") can be bound in. Rules come in three types: formatting rules such as hiding or coloring a control, validation rules (e.g. allow only a nine-digit number), and action rules such as setting a field's value based on other fields. Rules can be triggered either by a user action such as clicking a button or by the evaluation of various conditions such as field values. For example, a conditional rule could be: "Set field 'Total' to 100 when field 'field1' is not blank".
Paradigm
Rules apply specific actions when triggered by button clicks or changing values in the form. They can change the values of fields in the data source, submit to and query databases, display messages, open and close form
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen%20Jenks
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Stephen Jenks (March 17, 1772 – June 3, 1856) was an Yankee tunesmith, teacher, and tunebook compiler. He was born in Glocester, Rhode Island and raised in Ellington, Connecticut. During his life he moved from town to town, living in Ridgefield and New Canaan, Connecticut, Pound Ridge, New York, and Providence, Rhode Island, finally settling in Thompson, Ohio in 1829. Between 1799 and 1810 he authored and coauthored more than ten printed collections of sacred and secular music; after moving to Ohio, he became a farmer and a maker of percussion instruments.
The music
Stephen Jenks' music is representative of the type of music being written at that time in rural New England America, a cappella and an interest in melodic writing. However, his music contains striking harmonic progressions, unusual dissonances and cross relations. In "Weeping Nature" (The Delights of Harmony, 1804), for example, Jenks seems to revel in the clash of the E major / minor chord or in the song "Sorrow’s Tear," filled with cross relations between C sharp / C natural. Although many of these result from his use of modal harmony and, as previously mentioned, strong melodic writing for the individual parts, his use of these relations is not simply random, they are used to express the text being set. In "Weeping Nature" the lyrics (probably written by Samuel Stennett) concern the death of the body:
With murm’ring eyes she [nature] doth survey
her fellow lump of mortal clay
Destroy’d by Death’s consuming spear
the King of Nature’s dread and fear.
while at the same time urging the pious to the divine will of resignation:
Nature is not subject, we find,
To the Almighty’s sacred mind
She cannot say, “Oh, sov’reign Son,
Thy ways are just, thy will be done.”
The pull of these two worlds presented in the text, the death of the body and the acceptance of this fact in the wait for eternal life beyond, is reflected in the music with the sudden shifts between a minor and C major, resulting in the clash between the G sharp and G natural, even at one point with a cadence of an E major/minor chord.
The group of tunebooks that Stephen Jenks helped release are as follows:
The New-England Harmonist. Danbury, Connecticut, 1799.
The Musical Harmonist. New Haven, 1800.
The American Compiler. Northampton, Mass., 1803 (with Elijah Griswold).
The Delights of Harmony. New Haven, 1804.
The Delights of Harmony; or, Norfolk Compiler. Dedham, 1805. online
Additional Music, to the Delights of Harmony, &c. Dedham, not dated.
The Delights of Harmony; or, Union Compiler. Dedham, 1806.
The Jovial Songster. Dedham, 1806 (secular songs).
The Hartford Collection of Sacred Harmony. Hartford, 1807 (with Elijah Griswold and John C. Frisbie)
The Royal Harmony of Zion. Dedham, 1810.
The Christian Harmony. Dedham, 1811.
The Harmony of Zion; or, Union Compiler. Dedham, 1818.
The Whistle. Dedham, 1818 (secular songs, words only).
Many of his tunes are still sung at Sacred Harp singings.
Books and e
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indie%20Press%20Revolution
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Indie Press Revolution (also referred to as "IPR") is a sales network that acts as a fulfillment house and distributor for publishers of indie role-playing games. It offers games directly to the public and to game retailers. Justin Joyce for Polygon recommended it for its selection of games and efficient website. Kristina Manente for Syfy called it a great resource to find indie tabletop role-playing games.
It was founded in 2004 by Ed Cha of Open World Press and Brennan Taylor of Galileo Games. IPR represents over 100 author/publishers involved in role-playing games.
On June 17, 2010 DOJ, Inc. (which also owns Hero Games) announced that they have purchased a majority share of IPR. Brennan Taylor stepped down as President. Jason Walters is now general manager, and much of IPR's energy is currently focused on expanding its convention presence, growing its retailer network, and attracting new publishers.
Member publishers
The following publishers and designers distribute games through IPR as of April 2023.
Bully Pulpit Games
Buried Without Ceremony
Cats of Catthulu
Evil Hat Productions
Galileo Games
Ghostly Rituals
Lumpley Games
Magpie Games
Memento Mori Theatricks
Onyx Path Publishing
Pelgrane Press
Possum Creek Games
Rowan, Rook and Decard
TAO Games
The Gauntlet
Wet Ink Games
External links
Indie Press Revolution
Interview with IPR Founders Ed Cha and Brennan Taylor
References
Indie role-playing game publishing companies
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SBT
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SBT may refer to:
In entertainment and media
Sistema Brasileiro de Televisão (Brazilian Television System), a Brazilian TV network
South Bend Tribune newspaper, and its associated broadcast stations:
WSBT (AM)
WSBT-TV
Sym-Bionic Titan, an American animated series created by Genndy Tartakovsky for Cartoon Network
In science, technology, and medicine
sbt (software), source build tool for the Scala programming language
2-sec-Butyl-4,5-dihydrothiazole, a thiazoline ligand
Small bowel transplantation, a transplant surgery
Spontaneous breathing trial, abbreviation used in medical documents
Session-based testing, a software test method combining accountability and exploratory testing
Other uses
Scan-based trading, an inventory system
Single-bullet theory, a theory on some aspects of John F. Kennedy's assassination
Southern bluefin tuna, a species of tuna
Special Boat Teams, a unit under U.S. Naval Special Warfare Command
Staffordshire Bull Terrier, a breed of dog
State Bank of Travancore, a bank in India
Swedish Bikini Team, a group of American female models
Sweetened beverage tax
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PATH%20Foundation
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PATH Foundation is a network of off-road trails in and around the metro Atlanta area for walkers, runners, skaters, and cyclists. The foundation was established in 1991. The goal was to develop a network of off-road trails in Atlanta in time for use during the 1996 Summer Olympics. The trails are also a way to connect neighborhoods and preserve the regional character. The first demonstration trails were built near Clarkston in DeKalb County. Presently, trails exist in Atlanta, Smyrna, Decatur, Stone Mountain, and Conyers.
PATH Foundation Trails
Arabia Mountain
Chastain Park
Nancy Creek
Northside Trail
Olde Town Conyers Trail
PATH400
Silver Comet Trail
Stone Mountain
South River Trail
Whetstone Creek
Trolley Line Trail
20th Anniversary and triPATHlon
In 2011, PATH celebrated its 20th anniversary. In May 2011, PATH created Atlanta's first in-town triathlon called triPATHlon and sanctioned by USA Triathlon. The triPATHlon benefited Chastain Park.
References
External links
PATH Foundation
Silver Comet Trail
Chastain Park
Atlanta BeltLine
Cycling in Atlanta
Druid Hills, Georgia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel%20vPro
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Intel vPro technology is an umbrella marketing term used by Intel for a large collection of computer hardware technologies, including VT-x, VT-d, Trusted Execution Technology (TXT), and Intel Active Management Technology (AMT). When the vPro brand was launched (circa 2007), it was identified primarily with AMT, thus some journalists still consider AMT to be the essence of vPro.
vPro features
Intel vPro is a brand name for a set of PC hardware features. PCs that support vPro have a vPro-enabled processor, a vPro-enabled chipset, and a vPro-enabled BIOS as their main elements.
A vPro PC includes:
Multi-core, multi-threaded Xeon or Core processors.
Intel Active Management Technology (Intel AMT), a set of hardware-based features targeted at businesses, allow remote access to the PC for management and security tasks, when an OS is down or PC power is off. Note that AMT is not the same as Intel vPro; AMT is only one element of a vPro PC.
Remote configuration technology for AMT, with certificate-based security. Remote configuration can be performed on "bare-bones" systems, before the OS and/or software management agents are installed.
Wired and wireless (laptop) network connection.
Intel Trusted Execution Technology (Intel TXT), which verifies a launch environment and establishes the root of trust, which in turn allows software to build a chain of trust for virtualized environments. Intel TXT also protects secrets during power transitions for both orderly and disorderly shutdowns (a traditionally vulnerable period for security credentials).
Support for IEEE 802.1X, Cisco Self Defending Network (SDN), and Microsoft Network Access Protection (NAP) in laptops, and support for 802.1x and Cisco SDN in desktop PCs. Support for these security technologies allows Intel vPro to store the security posture of a PC so that the network can authenticate the system before the OS and applications load, and before the PC is allowed access to the network.
Intel Virtualization Technology, including Intel VT-x for CPU and memory, and Intel VT-d for I/O, to support virtualized environments (these features are also supported without vPro). Intel VT-x accelerates hardware virtualization which enables isolated memory regions to be created for running critical applications in hardware virtual machines in order to enhance the integrity of the running application and the confidentiality of sensitive data. Intel VT-d exposes protected virtual memory address spaces to DMA peripherals attached to the computer via DMA buses, mitigating the threat posed by malicious peripherals.
Execute disable bit that, when supported by the OS, can help prevent some types of buffer overflow attacks.
The 12th generation of Intel Core processors introduced four distinct platforms: vPro Essentials, vPro Enterprise for Windows, vPro Enterprise for Chrome and vPro Evo Design. The difference of vPro Essentials is that it does not support some features: Out-of-band KVM remote control, Wireless
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java%20logging%20framework
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A Java logging framework is a computer data logging package for the Java platform. This article covers general purpose logging frameworks.
Logging refers to the recording of activity by an application and is a common issue for development teams. Logging frameworks ease and standardize the process of logging for the Java platform. In particular they provide flexibility by avoiding explicit output to the console (see Appender below). Where logs are written becomes independent of the code and can be customized at runtime.
Unfortunately the JDK did not include logging in its original release so by the time the Java Logging API was added several other logging frameworks had become widely used – in particular Apache Commons Logging (also known as Java Commons Logging or JCL) and Log4j. This led to problems when integrating different third-party libraries (JARs) each using different logging frameworks. Pluggable logging frameworks (wrappers) were developed to solve this problem.
Functionality overview
Logging is typically broken into three major pieces: the Logger, the Formatter and the Appender (or Handler).
The Logger is responsible for capturing the message to be logged along with certain metadata and passing it to the logging framework.
After receiving the message, the framework calls the Formatter with the message which formats it for output.
The framework then hands the formatted message to the appropriate Appender/Handler for disposition. This might include output to a console display, writing to disk, appending to a database, or generating an email.
Simpler logging frameworks, like Logging Framework by the Object Guy, combine the logger and the appender. This simplifies default operation, but it is less configurable, especially if the project is moved across environments.
Logger
A Logger is an object that allows the application to log without regard to where the output is sent/stored. The application logs a message by passing an object or an object and an exception with an optional severity level to the logger object under a given name/identifier.
Name
A logger has a name. The name is usually structured hierarchically, with periods (.) separating the levels. A common scheme is to use the name of the class or package that is doing the logging. Both Log4j and the Java logging API support defining handlers higher up the hierarchy.
For example, the logger might be named "com.sun.some.UsefulClass". The handler can be defined for any of the following:
com
com.sun
com.sun.some
com.sun.some.UsefulClass
As long as there is a handler defined somewhere in this stack, logging may occur. For example a message logged to the com.sun.some.UsefulClass logger, may get written by the com.sun handler. Typically there is a global handler that receives and processes messages generated by any logger.
Severity level
The message is logged at a certain level. Common level names are copied from Apache Commons Logging (although the Java Logging AP
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public%20health%20informatics
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Public health informatics has been defined as the systematic application of information and computer science and technology to public health practice, research, and learning. It is one of the subdomains of health informatics.
Definition
Public health informatics is defined as the use of computers, clinical guidelines, communication and information systems, which apply to vast majority of public health, related professions, such as nursing, clinical/ hospital care/ public health and medical research.
United States
In developed countries like the United States, public health informatics is practiced by individuals in public health agencies at the federal and state levels and in the larger local health jurisdictions. Additionally, research and training in public health informatics takes place at a variety of academic institutions.
At the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in US states like Atlanta, Georgia, the Public Health Surveillance and Informatics Program Office (PHSIPO) focuses on advancing the state of information science and applies digital information technologies to aid in the detection and management of diseases and syndromes in individuals and populations.
The bulk of the work of public health informatics in the United States, as with public health generally, takes place at the state and local level, in the state departments of health and the county or parish departments of health. At a state health department the activities may include: collection and storage of vital statistics (birth and death records); collection of reports of communicable disease cases from doctors, hospitals, and laboratories, used for infectious disease surveillance; display of infectious disease statistics and trends; collection of child immunization and lead screening information; daily collection and analysis of emergency room data to detect early evidence of biological threats; collection of hospital capacity information to allow for planning of responses in case of emergencies. Each of these activities presents its own information processing challenge.
Collection of public health data
(TODO: describe CDC-provided DOS/desktop-based systems like TIMSS (TB), STDMIS (Sexually transmitted diseases); Epi-Info for epidemiology investigations; and others )
Since the beginning of the World Wide Web, public health agencies with sufficient information technology resources have been transitioning to web-based collection of public health data, and, more recently, to automated messaging of the same information. In the years roughly 2000 to 2005 the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, under its National Electronic Disease Surveillance System (NEDSS), built and provided free to states a comprehensive web and message-based reporting system called the NEDSS Base System (NBS). Due to the funding being limited and it not being wise to have fiefdom-based systems, only a few states and larger counties have built their own versions of electr
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LocoRoco
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LocoRoco (Japanese: ロコロコ, Romaji: Rokoroko) is a platform video game developed by Japan Studio and published by Sony Computer Entertainment, which was released worldwide in 2006 for the PlayStation Portable (PSP) handheld game console. The game was developed by Tsutomu Kouno, striving to create a game that was different from other titles being released for the PSP at the time. After demonstrating a prototype of the core gameplay to his management, Kouno was able to complete development over the course of a year and a half. In LocoRoco, the player must tilt the environment by using the shoulder buttons on the PSP in order to maneuver the LocoRoco, multi-colored jelly-like characters, through each level, being aided by other odd residents while avoiding hazards and the deadly Moja Troop, to reach an end goal.
Along the way, the LocoRoco can grow in size by eating special berries, and then can be split and rejoined to pass the LocoRoco through narrow spaces. The game's bright and colorful visuals and dynamic music soundtrack were hallmarks of the game, earning it several awards from the gaming press in 2006. While the game did not sell high volumes, its success led to the development of four other LocoRoco titles – two sequels for the PSP (PlayStation Portable)/PSP Go, a spin-off for the PlayStation 3 and a mobile version (called LocoRoco Mobile and LocoRoco Hi, depending on the market) for cellular (mobile) telephones.
A remastered version of the game was released in 2017 for the PlayStation 4.
Plot
Living peacefully on a faraway planet, the LocoRoco and their friends, the Mui Mui, help grow vegetation and look after nature, making the planet a pleasant place to be, playing and singing the days away. When the Moja Troop comes to the planet to take it over, the LocoRoco do not know how to fight against these invaders from outer space. As such, the player assumes the role of "the planet" that is capable of guiding the LocoRoco around to defeat the Moja Troop and rescue the remaining LocoRoco, returning the planet to its peaceful ways.
Gameplay
Loco Roco is divided into 5 worlds each consisting of 8 levels. In each level, the goal is to reach the end point of the level, with the player scored on the number of LocoRoco found, the time to complete the level, and other factors. There are six varieties of LocoRoco in the game, identified by their color, appearance, and musical voice, but outside of the first "Yellow" one, the rest are unlocked as the player completes the level. The player can then opt which LocoRoco they want to use for a level, however, this selection has no fundamental gameplay effects and only changes the songs used. LocoRoco act as blobs of gelatin, deforming from their normally round shape when demanded by the environment. Certain beings in the world can change the default shape of the LocoRoco into other forms, such as squares or triangles, which lasts until the end of the level or they encounter another similar being.
The p
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Local
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New Local, formerly known as the New Local Government Network, is an independent think tank and local government network with a mission to transform public services and unlock community power. It was founded in 1996, and is currently based in London. It is home to a network of 60+ councils and other organisations, united in a drive to create sustainable, inclusive and community-powered public services.
New Local's research blends policy and practice to tackle some of the most pressing issues the we face today. New Local believes that many of our big national challenges can only be effectively tackled locally, through public service reform, economic resilience and revitalising democracy.
Its current chief executive is Adam Lent, previously the Director of the RSA Action and Research Centre, Head of Economics and Social Affairs at the Trades Union Congress and Director of Research and Innovation at Ashoka.
The Community Paradigm
At the heart of New Local's work is the belief in community power – the idea that people themselves should have more power and resources to shape their own futures. This imagines very different, collaborative ways of working for public services, and a much more decentralised system of governance.
Its seminal 2019 publication The Community Paradigm proposes a fundamental shift of power and resources towards the people, places and communities.
This 'paradigm shift' is needed because:
Public services today face a threat of rising demand. They are struggling to cope with a rapidly aging population, combined with reducing resources.
Faith in democratic legitimacy and central Government is declining.
People expect to exercise more control over their day-to-day lives – and can do so using technology.
New Local believes that people and communities themselves have the best insight into their own situation, and public services need to work with and recognise this if they are to be fit for purpose and sustainable into the future.
There are many places in the UK and across the world where community power is beginning to flourish. Here, people are taking matters into their own hands – often working in partnership with public services and local government to build better services and places to live.
Notable publications
Think Big, Act Small: Think Big, Act Small: Elinor Ostrom’s radical vision for community power
This Isn’t Working: reimagining employment support for people facing complex disadvantage
Communities vs. Coronavirus: The Rise of Mutual Aid
Cultivating Local Inclusive Growth: In Practice
From Tiny Acorns: Communities Shaping the Future of Children’s Services
Community Commissioning: Shaping Public Services through People Power
The Community Paradigm: Why public services need radical change and how it can be achieved
Membership
New Local's network comprises councils across England of all tiers and with diverse political leadership; and corporate partners.
Network members are united by their appetite for
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business%20diagram
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Business diagram may refer to:
Flowcharts: Basic flowchart, Audit Flowcharts, Cause-Effect (Fishbone) Diagrams, cross-functional vertical and horizontal diagrams, data flow diagrams, opportunity flowchart, workflow diagram
Organizational Charts (Org charts)
Project management: Gantt chart, Project Schedules, PERT Charts, Calendar, Timelines
Comparison charts
Block diagrams and Bar Charts
Venn diagrams, other marketing diagrams
Business Processes
IDEF0 Diagram
TQM Diagram
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AmigaOS%20version%20history
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AmigaOS is the proprietary native operating system of the Amiga personal computer. Since its introduction with the launch of the Amiga 1000 in 1985, there have been four major versions and several minor revisions of the operating system.
Initially the Amiga operating system had no strong name and branding, as it was simply considered an integral part of the Amiga system as a whole. Early names used for the Amiga operating system included "CAOS" and "AmigaDOS". Another non-official name was "Workbench", from the name of the Amiga desktop environment, which was included on a floppy disk named "Amiga Workbench".
Version 3.1 of the Amiga operating system was the first version to be officially referred to as "Amiga OS" (with a space between "Amiga" and "OS") by Commodore.
Version 4.0 of the Amiga operating system was the first version to be branded as a less generic "AmigaOS" (without the space).
What many consider the first versions of AmigaOS (Workbench 1.0 up to 3.0) are here indicated with the Workbench name of their original disks.
Kickstart/Workbench 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3
Workbench 1.0 was released for the first time in October 1985. The 1.x series of Workbench defaults to a distinctive blue and orange color scheme, designed to give high contrast on even the worst of television screens (the colors can be changed by the user). Version 1.1 consists mostly of bug fixes and, like version 1.0, was distributed only for the Amiga 1000. The entire Workbench operating system consisted of three floppy disks: Kickstart, Workbench and ABasic by MetaComCo.
The Amiga 1000 needed a Kickstart disk to be inserted into floppy drive to boot up. An image of a simple illustration of a hand on a white screen, holding a blue Kickstart floppy, invited the user to perform this operation. After the kickstart was loaded into a special section of memory called the writable control store (WCS), the image of the hand appeared again, this time inviting the user to insert the Workbench disk.
Workbench version 1.2 was the first to support Kickstart stored in a ROM. A Kickstart disk was still necessary for Amiga 1000 models; it was no longer necessary for Amiga 500 or 2000, but the users of these systems had to change the ROMs (which were socketed) to change the Kickstart version.
Workbench now spanned two floppy disks, and supported installing and booting from hard drive (assuming the Amiga was equipped with one), the name of the main disk was still named "Workbench" (which is also the user interface portion of the operating system). The second disk was the Extras disk. The system now shipped with AmigaBasic by Microsoft, the only software Microsoft ever wrote for the Amiga.
Kickstart version 1.2 corrected various flaws and added AutoConfig support. AutoConfig is a protocol similar to and is the predecessor of Plug and Play, in that it can configure expansion boards without user intervention.
Kickstart version 1.3 improved little on its predecessor, the most notable
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geocast
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Geocast refers to the delivery of information to a subset of destinations in a wireless peer-to-peer network identified by their geographical locations. It is used by some mobile ad hoc network routing protocols, but not applicable to Internet routing.
Geographic addressing
A geographic destination address is expressed in three ways: point, circle (with center point and radius), and polygon (a list of points, e.g., P(1), P(2), ..., P(n–1), P(n)). A geographic router (Geo Router) calculates its service area (geographic area it serves) as the union of the geographic areas covered by the networks attached to it. This service area is approximated by a single closed polygon. Geo Routers exchange service area polygons to build routing tables. The routers are organized in a hierarchy.
Applications
Geographic addressing and routing has many potential applications in geographic messaging, geographic advertising, delivery of geographically restricted services, and presence discovery of a service or mobile network participant in a limited geographic area (see Navas, Imieliński, 'GeoCast - Geographic Addressing and Routing'.)
See also
Abiding Geocast / Stored Geocast
References
External links
RFC 2009 GPS-Based Addressing and Routing
A Survey of Geocast Routing Protocols
Efficient Point to Multipoint Transfers Across Datacenters
Ad hoc routing protocols
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.info%20%28magazine%29
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.info (originally INFO=64 and later INFO) was a computer magazine covering Commodore 8-bit computers and later the Amiga. It was published from 1983 to 1992.
History
INFO=64 began as a newsletter published by its founder, Benn Dunnington, operating out of a spare bedroom in his home. After a few issues, the entrepreneurial spirit struck and he decided to expand it into a full-fledged magazine.
The first few issues of the magazine were published by Dunnington operating as a sole proprietorship in the state of Washington. After a few issues, he moved the company to Iowa, eventually incorporating as Info Publications, Inc.. This, in turn, became a limited partnership, (Info Publications Ltd), which published the magazine until its demise.
INFO=64 was produced using personal computers. An editorial statement in each issue explained that the magazine was produced using only "lay equipment", such as home computers and 35mm cameras, that were inexpensively available to the general public. Early issues were typeset using a Commodore 64 and a dot-matrix printer, giving the magazine a distinctive hand-crafted appearance.
INFO=64 changed its name to INFO from issue 8, September-October 1985, reflecting its expanded coverage of Commodore computing. The magazine soon switched to a more professional appearance using laser printers with Springboard Software's The Newsroom or Berkeley Softworks' GEOS geoPublish software for 8-bit Commodores, before changing its editorial focus and publishing platform to the Amiga, and changing its name in issue 32, September 1990, to .info which was coincidentally the file extension of Amiga icon files. The magazine switched to its new name and exclusive focus on the Amiga because by 1990 there was no news to cover or advertising interest in 8-bit Commodores.
The Computer Press Association named .info as one of two 'Runners-Up' in the category of Best Computer Magazine - Circulation Less Than 50,000 at its seventh annual awards ceremony in April 1992. Computers in Accounting won that category, which included well over 100 computer magazines at the time, but .info tied with the slicker and much better-funded NeXTWORLD.
Ironically, .info was in serious financial trouble by then, and the publisher was desperately seeking someone to buy the magazine. The magazine closed its doors in April 1992, and on September 20 the magazine's assets were auctioned off.
Over the course of its run, .info absorbed three pioneering Commodore magazines that ceased publication during the "great extinction" that struck computer magazines in the late 1980s. These were Jim Oldfield and James Strassma's Midnite Software Gazette (which had previously absorbed 'The Paper', one of the oldest independent publications supporting Commodore computers), Mitch Lopes' RoboCity News (the one-time official publication of FAUG, the First Amiga Users' Group, before it was spun off), and Chris Zamara and Nick Sullivan's Transactor (the official publication of TPUG
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macintosh%20LC%20500%20series
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The Macintosh LC 500 series is a series of personal computers that were a part of Apple Computer's Macintosh LC family of Macintosh computers, designed as a successor to the compact Macintosh family of computers for the mid-1990s mainstream education-market. The all-in-one desktop case is similar to the then recently introduced Macintosh Color Classic, but the LC 500 series is considerably larger and heavier due to its larger screen and a bulging midsection to house the larger electronics, including a 14" CRT display, CD-ROM drive, and stereo speakers.
The LC 500 series included four main models, the 520, 550, 575, and 580, with the 520 and 550 both using different speeds of the Motorola 68030, and the 575 and 580 sharing the 33 MHz Motorola 68LC040 processor but differing on the rest of the hardware. All of these computers were also sold to the consumer market through department stores under the Macintosh Performa brand, with similar model numbers. The LC models, in particular, became very popular in schools for their small footprint, lack of cable clutter, and durability. The Macintosh TV, while not branded as an LC, uses the LC 520's case (in black instead of beige) and a logic board similar to the LC 550. The compact Color Classic series shares many components, and is able to swap logic boards with the early 500 series machines.
LC 520
The Macintosh LC 520 was introduced in June 1993. The case design was larger than the compact Macintosh models that precede it, due in large part to the significantly larger screen and CD-ROM drive.
The LC 520 got its start as a design project codenamed "Mongo". Following the success of the Color Classic, The Apple Industrial Design Group (IDg) began exploring the adaptation of the Color Classic's design language, dubbed Espresso, for a larger display version that would also include a CD-ROM drive. However, IDg hated the design so much that they permanently shelved the final concept. In 1992, Apple CEO John Sculley demanded a large screen all-in-one design to fill out his market strategy in less than 6 months. Over IDg's objections, Apple's engineering team retrieved the shelved design and promptly put it into production. Because IDg universally detested the design, they immediately began the re-design project that would become the Power Macintosh 5200 LC series less than two years later.
The LC 520 has been described as if you "take an LC III and graft on a 14 Trinitron monitor along with stereo speakers". The logic board of the 520 is broadly the same as the Macintosh LC III, with a Motorola 68030 CPU and an optional Motorola 68882 FPU.
A New York Times review of the LC 520 was generally positive, with columnist Peter Lewis noting that its $1,599 price point is "perhaps the best value in the entire Macintosh product line ... it would be very difficult to put together a Windows-based PC with the same features for that price, and Windows computers are usually much less expensive than Macs." Lewis also
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanover%20S-Bahn
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The Hanover S-Bahn (in German: S-Bahn Hannover) is an S-Bahn network operated by DB Regio and Transdev Hannover in the area of Hanover in the German state capital of Lower Saxony. It went operational shortly before Expo 2000 and is focused on the Hanover region, and also connects with adjacent districts (Celle, Hameln-Pyrmont, Hildesheim, Nienburg and Schaumburg), and into the state of North Rhine-Westphalia (Minden, Paderborn). The S-Bahn is an evolution of a suburban railway.
The S-Bahn has ten services in Hanover. It is distinguished from the Hannover Stadtbahn, which emerged from the Hannover tram network. In addition, there are other rail passenger services in the region composed of Regional-Express and Regionalbahn services. It is mainly operated with Class 424 electric multiple units.
The S5 line is in service 24/7 from Hannover Hauptbahnhof (central station) to Hannover Flughafen.
History
In the 1960s there were plans to upgrade the rail network around Hanover. This led at first only to the establishment between 1965 and 1970 of regional commuter services on the east–west axis between Nienburg / Minden, Wunstorf, Hannover Hauptbahnhof (central station), Lehrte and Celle and on the Deister Railway. A further extension was omitted because of disagreement between federal, state and city region governments. In 1984, in preparation for the upgrading of the line between Wunstorf and Hannover, Seelze station was relocated and rebuilt with overtaking tracks. After Hanover won the right to build Expo 2000 in 1990, it was decided to bring forward the planned introduction of an S-Bahn network that was originally intended to be opened at a later date. On 12 November 1990 a development agreement was signed between the state of Lower Saxony, the Municipal Association of Greater Hannover and Deutsche Bundesbahn. In a relatively short time lines which for decades had remained virtually unchanged were upgraded considerably in and around Hanover.
Construction began with the new Hannover-Karl-Wiechert-Allee station on the Hannover–Braunschweig railway, which provides a connection to the Hannover Stadtbahn; the first pile for it was driven in 1993.
Two additional S-Bahn tracks were built on the western route from the Hauptbahnhof towards Wunstorf as far as Seelze from 1994, with services starting in 1997. In Leinhausen an extensive flying junction was built; this separates regional and long distance traffic running to and from the north and west. The S-Bahn runs over the old freight tracks in Hainholz and through the former main freight yard. This included the new Hannover-Nordstadt S-Bahn station, which replaced the existing suburban station of Hannover-Hainholz.
Two additional tracks were laid for the S-Bahn on the line north to Langenhagen. On this line, Hannover-Herrenhausen station was replaced by the new S-Bahn station at Hannover-Ledeburg. The route was also electrified as far as Bennemühlen and in addition was doubled as far as Bissendorf. Hann
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WBACH
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WBACH was a radio network in the American state of Maine, active from 1991 to 2017. Airing on four stations at its peak, the network broadcast a classical music format from studios in Kennebunk.
Following the bankruptcy of Nassau Broadcasting Partners in 2011, the network's stations were sold off and largely converted to translators of other radio stations. The WBACH format and branding remained on one of the former network's stations, WBQX in Thomaston, and was added in 2013 to a new translator in Portland. The stations dropped the classical format in 2017.
History
The WBACH format was launched in November 1991, initially airing on WBQQ 99.3 in Kennebunk. The station was founded by Mariner Broadcasting, and (after assembling its network) was acquired by Nassau Broadcasting Partners in 2003.
WBACH began to expand in 1998, when it bought another southern Maine classical music station, WPKM (106.3 FM) in Scarborough, and renamed it WBQW. WPKM's classical format, in turn, originated on 97.9 FM (now WJBQ) in 1971 as WDCS, moving to 106.3 in 1980 and becoming WPKM in 1988.
WBQX signed on in 1992 and was previously known as WAVX "The Classical Wave" (then simulcast with 101.7, the current WKVV). It also became part of the WBACH network in 1998.
WBQI was previously WMDI, the call letters standing for Mount Desert Island, the area in which the city of license, Bar Harbor, is located. It joined the WBACH network in 2001.
On October 6, 2008, WBACH realigned its southern Maine frequencies. WBQQ was removed from the network completely, shifting to a simulcast of WTHT, while WBQW moved from 106.3 to 104.7, swapping formats with active rock station WHXQ.
Nassau Broadcasting entered bankruptcy in 2011, which culminated in an auction of its stations. Prior to the conclusion of the auction, the Maine Public Broadcasting Network expressed interest in running the WBACH stations.
As part of Nassau Broadcasting's bankruptcy proceeding, WBQW was auctioned in May 2012 to Mainestream Media for $150,000, while the other WBACH stations, along with Nassau's 28 other northern New England stations, went to a partnership of WBIN-TV owner Bill Binnie and Jeff Shapiro. As part of the deal, 17 of the stations, including WBQX and WBQI, will be acquired by Binnie's WBIN Media Company. The purchase was consummated on November 30, 2012, at a price of $12.5 million. WBIN Media plans to resell WBQI to Blueberry Broadcasting. Mainestream Media began programming WBQW on September 13 with Christmas music en route to launching a Top 40/CHR format the next day (it now broadcasts as WHTP-FM and has since become a rhythmic contemporary radio station); this removed WBACH entirely from its original southern Maine market.
On August 7, 2012, WBQX was granted a construction permit to increase their ERP to 30,000 watts and to raise their height above sea level up to 232 meters (761 feet). The construction permit expired on August 7, 2015.
On November 30, 2012, WBQI split from its simu
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baudline
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The baudline time-frequency browser is a signal analysis tool designed for scientific visualization. It runs on several Unix-like operating systems under the X Window System. Baudline is useful for real-time spectral monitoring, collected signals analysis, generating test signals, making distortion measurements, and playing back audio files.
Applications
Acoustic cryptanalysis
Audio codec lossy compression analysis
Audio signal processing
Bioacoustics research
Data acquisition (DAQ)
Gravitational Wave analysis
Infrasound monitoring
Musical acoustics
radar
Seismic data processing
SETI
Signal analysis
Software Defined Radio
Spectral analysis
Very low frequency (VLF) reception
WWV frequency measurement
Features
Spectrogram, Spectrum, Waveform, and Histogram displays
Fourier, Correlation, and Raster transforms
SNR, THD, SINAD, ENOB, SFDR distortion measurements
Channel equalization
Function generator
Digital down converter
Audio playing with real-time DSP effects like speed control, pitch scaling, frequency shifting, matrix surround panning, filtering, and digital gain boost
Audio recording of multiple channels
JACK Audio Connection Kit sound server support
Import AIFF, AU, WAV, FLAC, MP3, Ogg Vorbis, AVI, MOV, and other file formats
License
The old baudline version comes with no warranty and is free to download. The binaries may be used for any purpose, though no form of redistribution is permitted. The new baudline version is available via a subscription model and site license.
See also
Linux audio software
List of information graphics software
List of numerical analysis software
Digital signal processing
References
External links
User discussion group at Google Groups
SigBlips DSP Engineering
Time–frequency analysis
Linux media players
Acoustics software
Numerical software
Unix software
Audio software with JACK support
Science software for Linux
Science software for macOS
Audio software for Linux
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harlem%20Globetrotters%20%28video%20game%29
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Harlem Globetrotters is a sports video game published by GameTek for MS-DOS compatible operating systems in 1990 and the Nintendo Entertainment System in 1991. The player controls the Harlem Globetrotters basketball team. A Sega Genesis conversion was planned but never released.
Gameplay
Unlike most other basketball video games, there is only an exhibition mode in this game where the player can play as either the Harlem Globetrotters or their long-time rivals, the Washington Generals. The player can even pull down the referee's pants or trip the ref when a free throw has been called when playing as the Harlem Globetrotters.
References
1990 video games
Basketball video games
DOS games
Cancelled Sega Genesis games
Cultural depictions of the Harlem Globetrotters
Video games based on real people
Nintendo Entertainment System games
North America-exclusive video games
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Video games developed in the United States
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interprocedural%20optimization
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Interprocedural optimization (IPO) is a collection of compiler techniques used in computer programming to improve performance in programs containing many frequently used functions of small or medium length. IPO differs from other compiler optimizations by analyzing the entire program as opposed to a single function or block of code.
IPO seeks to reduce or eliminate duplicate calculations and inefficient use of memory and to simplify iterative sequences such as loops. If a call to another routine occurs within a loop, IPO analysis may determine that it is best to inline that routine. Additionally, IPO may re-order the routines for better memory layout and locality.
IPO may also include typical compiler optimizations applied on a whole-program level, for example dead code elimination (DCE), which removes code that is never executed. IPO also tries to ensure better use of constants. Modern compilers offer IPO as an option at compile-time. The actual IPO process may occur at any step between the human-readable source code and producing a finished executable binary program.
For languages that compile on a file-by-file basis, effective IPO across translation units (module files) requires knowledge of the "entry points" of the program so that a whole program optimization (WPO) can be run. In many cases, this is implemented as a link-time optimization (LTO) pass, because the whole program is visible to the linker.
Analysis
The objective of any optimization for speed is to have the program run as swiftly as possible; the problem is that it is not possible for a compiler to correctly analyze a program and determine what it will do, much less what the programmer intended for it to do. By contrast, human programmers start at the other end with a purpose, and attempt to produce a program that will achieve it, preferably without expending a lot of thought in the process.
For various reasons, including readability, programs are frequently broken up into a number of procedures that handle a few general cases. However, the generality of each procedure may result in wasted effort in specific usages. Interprocedural optimization represents an attempt at reducing this waste.
Suppose there is a procedure that evaluates F(x), and that F is a pure function, and the code requests the result of F(6) and then later, F(6) again. This second evaluation is almost certainly unnecessary: the result could have instead been saved and referred to later. This simple optimization is foiled the moment that the implementation of F(x) becomes impure; that is, its execution involves reference to parameters other than the explicit argument 6 that have been changed between the invocations, or side effects such as printing some message to a log, counting the number of evaluations, accumulating the CPU time consumed, preparing internal tables so that subsequent invocations for related parameters will be facilitated, and so forth. Losing these side effects via non-evaluation a second
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Len%20Kawell
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Len Kawell is an engineer and entrepreneur who once worked at Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), where he was one of the designers of the VAX/VMS operating system. He also played a key role in the development of the MicroVAX computer, VAX Notes, and VMC Mail. Much like DEC co-founders Harlan Anderson and Ken Olsen, Kawell graduated from the University of Illinois with a degree in computer science.
Kawell was co-founder and president of Glassbook, Inc., that was eventually acquired by Adobe. The company developed PDF-based e-book reading software. He was also one of the co-founders of Iris Associates, where he co-designed Lotus Notes, the first commercial groupware product. He would later go on to become the founder of Pepper Computer, where he served as chief executive officer. The company was based in Lexington, Massachusetts, and was the developer of the Pepper Pad internet appliance/game console.
External links
Mini bio at Pepper Computer
DCS alum Kawell's Pepper Pad puts Internet media into consumers' hands
University of Illinois alumni
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20History%20Museum%20%28Malaysia%29
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The National History Museum () was the second national museum in Malaysia after the National Museum. It was located opposite Dataran Merdeka in Kuala Lumpur. As of November 2007 it is closed and the entire collection has been moved to the National Museum.
National History Museum exhibited unique historical development of the homeland of the early days until now. There are almost a thousand gathered a collection based on its importance to the history of the country, and are classified into several categories such as: weapons, manuscripts, maps, money, seals and stone tools.
Gallery
See also
List of museums in Malaysia
Literature
References
External links
National History Museum
Museums in Kuala Lumpur
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Busan%20Metro
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The Busan Metro () is the urban rail system operated by the Busan Transportation Corporation of Busan, South Korea. The metro network first opened in 1985 with seventeen stations, making Busan the second city in South Korea and third in the Korean Peninsula (after Seoul and Pyongyang) to have a metro system. The Metro itself consists of 4 numbered lines, covering of route and serving 114 stations. Including the BGL and the Donghae Line, the network covers of route and serving 158 stations.
All directional signs on the Busan Metro are written in both Korean and English, and the voice announcement in the trains indicating the upcoming station, possible line transfer and exiting side are all spoken in Korean, followed by English. Announcements at stations for arriving trains are in Korean, followed by English, then Japanese and Mandarin. All stations are numbered and the first numeral of the number is the same as the line number, e.g. station 123 is on line 1.
The Metro map includes information on which station, and which numbered exit from that station, to use for main attractions. Photography in the Busan Metro is permitted.
Lines
Line 1
Busan Metro Line 1 (1호선) is the north-south route. It is long with 40 stations. The line uses trains that have eight cars each. The total construction cost was 975.1 billion won.
Plans for this line were made in 1979. Two years later, in 1981, construction began on the first phase, between Nopo-Dong (now Nopo) and Beomnaegol, which was finished in July 1985. This stretch was long. Further extensions continued southward: a extension from Beomnaegol to Jungang-dong (now Jungang) opened in May 1987; a extension to Seodaeshin-dong (now Seodaeshin) opened in February 1990; and a extension to Shinpyeong opened in June 1994.
The extension of the line further into Saha-gu from Shinpyeong to Dadaepo Beach was finished in mid-April 2017.
Line 2
Busan Metro Line 2 (2호선) crosses Busan from east to west, running along the shores of Haeundae and Gwangalli, and then north toward Yangsan. It is long, serving 43 stations. The line uses trains that have six cars each.
Construction on the Phase 1 began in 1991. But this route, serving 21 stations between Hopo and Seomyeon, did not open until 30 June 1999. With Phase 2 (planned to be in total), the line was first extended southeast from Seomyeon to Geumnyeonsan on 8 August 2001. The remainder of Phase 2 was implemented in two stages: Line 2 was extended north to Gwangan on January 16, 2002, and finally on 29 August 2002 it was extended east to Jangsan.
Phase 3, started in 1998, extends Line 2 north from Hopo more into the city of Yangsan. The phase was originally supposed to add another to the line, with an additional seven stations. On 10 January 2003, Line 2 was extended to the current terminus of Yangsan, but with only three of the originally planned seven stations in operation. Pusan National University Yangsan Campus Station, which was the fourth stat
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random%20permutation%20statistics
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The statistics of random permutations, such as the cycle structure of a random permutation are of fundamental importance in the analysis of algorithms, especially of sorting algorithms, which operate on random permutations. Suppose, for example, that we are using quickselect (a cousin of quicksort) to select a random element of a random permutation. Quickselect will perform a partial sort on the array, as it partitions the array according to the pivot. Hence a permutation will be less disordered after quickselect has been performed. The amount of disorder that remains may be analysed with generating functions. These generating functions depend in a fundamental way on the generating functions of random permutation statistics. Hence it is of vital importance to compute these generating functions.
The article on random permutations contains an introduction to random permutations.
The fundamental relation
Permutations are sets of labelled cycles. Using the labelled case of the Flajolet–Sedgewick fundamental theorem and writing for the set of permutations and for the singleton set, we have
Translating into exponential generating functions (EGFs), we have
where we have used the fact that the EGF of the combinatorial species of permutations (there are n! permutations of n elements) is
This one equation allows one to derive a large number of permutation statistics. Firstly, by dropping terms from , i.e. exp, we may constrain the number of cycles that a permutation contains, e.g. by restricting the EGF to we obtain permutations containing two cycles. Secondly, note that the EGF of labelled cycles, i.e. of , is
because there are k! / k labelled cycles. This means that by dropping terms from this generating function, we may constrain the size of the cycles that occur in a permutation and obtain an EGF of the permutations containing only cycles of a given size.
Instead of removing and selecting cycles, one can also put different weights on different size cycles. If is a weight function that depends only on the size k of the cycle and for brevity we write
defining the value of b for a permutation to be the sum of its values on the cycles, then we may mark cycles of length k with ub(k) and obtain a two-variable generating function
This is a "mixed" generating function: it is an exponential generating function in z and an ordinary generating function in the secondary parameter u. Differentiating and evaluating at u = 1, we have
This is the probability generating function of the expectation of b. In other words, the coefficient of in this power series is the expected value of b on permutations in , given that each permutation is chosen with the same probability .
This article uses the coefficient extraction operator [zn], documented on the page for formal power series.
Number of permutations that are involutions
An involution is a permutation σ so that σ2 = 1 under permutation composition. It follows that σ may only contain cycles of len
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sway%20Calloway
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Sway Calloway is an American journalist, radio personality, executive producer and former rapper. Known as Sway, he is known for hosting music, news, and culture programming. He was an on-air reporter and host for MTV News and occasional non-news hosting, including numerous red carpet MTV award pre-shows, and reports on major events, concluding his tenture with the network as host of the short-lived TRLAM. He is co-hosting the nationally syndicated radio show The Wake Up Show as as one half of the duo Sway & King Tech; and hosting Sway in the Morning on SiriusXM Shade45.
Early career
As a teenager growing up in Oakland, California, Sway became a locally known rapper and b-boy performing on San Francisco's Pier 39. He teamed up with DJ King Tech after high school and the duo performed at various San Francisco Bay Area clubs. They also released independent albums. A major label record deal with Giant Records followed. The resulting album, Concrete Jungle in 1990, got them the job of co-hosting their own show on radio station KMEL.
Another album, Back 2 Basics was released in 2005 on Sway and Tech's own record label, Bolo Entertainment, which is distributed by Universal Music.
Radio
The Wake Up Show featured music and interviews with well-known hip hop artists as well as up-and-coming ones. The show became very popular and began simulcasting to Los Angeles on KKBT in 1993 and to Chicago on WEJM by 1996. Ras Kass, Chino XL and Eminem are among the rappers who made their broadcasting debuts on the show. Soon, Sway was also hosting his own morning drive time show on the station.
The popularity of the show helped Sway and Tech get another record deal, this time with Interscope Records. Their album, This or That, reached #30 on Billboard's R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart and #1 on the Top Heatseekers chart in 1999. The album featured contributions from hip hop artists such as RZA, Eminem, Xzibit, Kool G Rap, KRS-One, Big Daddy Kane, Tech N9ne, Pharoahe Monch and The Roots. Sway also made an appearance on Jennifer Lopez's DVD, The Reel Me in late 2003.
Sway hosts a weekday morning show on Eminem’s Shade 45 channel on SiriusXM! “Sway in the Morning” launched on Monday, July 18, 2011 on Shade 45 (SiriusXM channel 45) and airs Monday-Friday from 8am-12 noon ET. The second week he was there Ludacris phoned in on the show and they talked about his music and movie career. In an interview with The Source in 2012, Sway talked about his experiences in both satellite and terrestrial radio.
In November 2013, Kanye West appeared as a guest on his show and had an infamous meltdown on air, uttering memorable lines like "You ain't got the answers Sway, You ain't been doing the education".
Television
In 2000, Sway was approached by MTV to join the network as a correspondent, becoming a regular reporter for its music video shows and news specials, including Total Request Live and the hip-hop music video show Direct Effect. Because MTV's studios are based in New York City
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve%20Stewart
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Steve Stewart is an American sportscaster, currently serving as a pregame host and play-by-play announcer on the Kansas City Royals Radio Network. The 2011 season was his fourth with the Royals, his 12th in the Major Leagues and his 20th broadcasting baseball.
Stewart spent four years as a Cincinnati Reds broadcaster (2004–2007), the first 3 on WLW Radio and in 2007 on TV as a pre-game host and fill-in play-by-play announcer for FSN Ohio. From 2000-2003, he filled in on Baltimore Orioles broadcasts on WBAL, where he was a sports anchor on both WBAL Radio and TV. In 2002, he called several St. Louis Cardinals games on KMOX. He's broadcast basketball games for several colleges, including the Universities of Richmond, Maryland, Cincinnati (football and basketball) and Xavier.
Stewart is a St. Louis native and a graduate of Southern Methodist University.
References
http://ireader.olivesoftware.com/Olive/iReader/KCSPress/SharedArticle.ashx?document=KCS\2014\01\22&article=Ar01703
External links
Steve Stewart's blog
Bad Boy Blog
College football announcers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American radio sports announcers
American television sports announcers
Baltimore Orioles announcers
Cincinnati Reds announcers
College basketball announcers in the United States
Kansas City Royals announcers
Major League Baseball broadcasters
People from St. Louis
Southern Methodist University alumni
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database%20machine
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A database machines or back end processor is a computer or special hardware that stores and retrieves data from a database. It is specially designed for database access and is tightly coupled to the main (front-end) computer(s) by a high-speed channel, whereas a database server is a general-purpose computer that holds a database and it's loosely coupled via a local area network to its clients.
Database machines can retrieve large amount of data using hundreds to thousands of microprocessors with database software. The front end processor asks the back end (typically sending a query expressed in a query language) the data and further processes it. The back end processor on the other hand analyzes and stores the data from the front end processor. Back end processors result in higher performance, increasing host main memory, increasing database recovery and security, and decreasing cost to manufacture.
Britton-Lee (IDM), Tandem (Non-Stop System), and Teradata (DBC) all offered early commercial specialized database machines. A more recent example was Oracle Exadata.
Criticism and suggested remedy
According to Julie McCann,
References
Further reading
Berra, P. Bruce. “Data base machines.” SIGIR Forum 12, 3 (Winter 1977), 4–23. https://doi.org/10.1145/1095317.1095318
Banerjee, Jayanta. “Data structuring and indexing for data base machines.” In Proceedings of the fifth workshop on Computer architecture for non-numeric processing (CAW '80). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 11–16. https://doi.org/10.1145/800083.802687
Song, Siang Wun. “A Survey and Taxonomy of Database Machines.” IEEE Database Eng. Bull. 4 (1981): 3-13.
Hoffer, Jeffrey A.; Alexander, Mary B. “The diffusion of database machines.” SIGMIS Database 23, 2 (Spring 1992): 13–19. https://doi.org/10.1145/141342.141352
See also
Content Addressable File Store (CAFS)
Classes of computers
Databases
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20Murray-Rust
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Peter Murray-Rust is a chemist currently working at the University of Cambridge. As well as his work in chemistry, Murray-Rust is also known for his support of open access and open data.
Education
He was educated at Bootham School, a private school in York, and at Balliol College, Oxford. After obtaining a Doctor of Philosophy with a thesis entitled A structural investigation of some compounds showing charge-transfer properties, he became lecturer in chemistry at the (new) University of Stirling and was first warden of Andrew Stewart Hall of Residence. In 1982, he moved to Glaxo Group Research at Greenford to head Molecular Graphics, Computational Chemistry and later protein structure determination. He was Professor of Pharmacy in the University of Nottingham from 1996 to 2000, setting up the Virtual School of Molecular Sciences. He is now Reader Emeritus in Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge and Senior Research Fellow Emeritus at Churchill College, Cambridge.
Research
His research interests have involved the automated analysis of data in scientific publications, creation of virtual communities, e.g. The Virtual School of Natural Sciences in the Globewide Network Academy, and the Semantic Web. With Henry Rzepa, he has extended this to chemistry through the development of markup languages, especially Chemical Markup Language. He campaigns for open data, particularly in science, and is on the advisory board of the Open Knowledge International and a co-author of the Panton Principles for Open scientific data. Together with a few other chemists, he was a founder member of the Blue Obelisk movement in 2005.
In 2002, Peter Murray-Rust and his colleagues proposed an electronic repository for unpublished chemical data called the World Wide Molecular Matrix (WWMM). In January 2011, a symposium around his career and visions was organized, called Visions of a Semantic Molecular Future. In 2011, he and Henry Rzepa were joint recipients of the Herman Skolnik Award of the American Chemical Society. In 2014, he was awarded a Fellowship by the Shuttleworth Foundation to develop the automated mining of science from the literature.
In 2009 Murray-Rust coined the term "Doctor Who" model for the phenomenon exhibited by the Blue Obelisk project and other Open Science projects, where when a project leader does not have the resources to continue to lead a project (e.g. because he or she has moved to another university with other tasks), someone else will stand up to become the new leader and continue the project. This is a reference to the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who, in which the main character periodically regenerates into a different form, which is played by a different actor.
As of 2014, Murray-Rust was granted a Fellowship by Shuttleworth Foundation in relation to the ContentMine project which uses machines to liberate 100,000,000 facts from the scientific literature.
Activism
Murray-Rust is also known
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jurnalul%20TVR
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Telejurnalul is the main news program of the Romanian public television network TVR, broadcast daily on TVR1, TVRi at 14:00, 20:00 and on TVR2 (with a re-broadcast of the 12:00 show at 19:00).
It broadcasts at different hours on TVR1 and TVR2, if sporting events that the two channels broadcast interfere with their usual TV schedules.
Between 2015 and 2016, two ident changes occurred. On 14 September 2015, on the 20:00 edition, Telejurnal unveiled its new logo, graphics, and tickerbar which shows every top story. And in October 2016, it adopted a freshly, redesigned blue-red-white graphics package.
On 3 November 2019, Telejurnal launched a new look at the same time when the HD simulcasts of TVR 1 and TVR 2 were launched. On 24 November 2019, TVR Moldova started adopting the 2019 Telejurnal look, while on 6 January 2020, TVR 3 and 6 other TVR regional channels started adopting the 2019 Telejurnal look with that change.
On 22 June 2022, to coincide the launch of TVR Info, Telejurnal unveiled a new graphics package and started reusing the 2012-2019 theme.
See also
Telejurnal
External links
Jurnalul on www.tvr.ro
Romanian television news shows
2010s Romanian television series
2000s Romanian television series
1990s Romanian television series
1996 Romanian television series debuts
2008 Romanian television series endings
TVR (TV network) original programming
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Hindu%20Students%27%20Forum
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The National Hindu Students' Forum (NHSF (UK)) is a network of Hindu societies operating on university and further education campuses in the United Kingdom. The NHSF (UK) was started in 1991 from a stall at a Hindu marathon, but now operates in around 50 different institutions around the United Kingdom. The NHSF has been described by historian Edward Anderson as having ties to the Sangh Parivar, a group of Hindu nationalist organisations in India such as the RSS and the BJP. In early years the NHSF had the same address as the HSS, a UK charity, per Manoj Ladwa, the then HSS spokesman. Ladwa later served as a senior advisor to Narendra Modi during his successful Indian election campaign of 2014. Although the HSS is considered to be inspired by the RSS, a UK charity commission inquiry in 2016 found no formal links between the two.
References
External links
NHSF (UK) website
Educational organisations based in the United Kingdom
Religious charities based in the United Kingdom
Hindu organisations based in the United Kingdom
1991 establishments in the United Kingdom
Religious organizations established in 1991
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higher-Order%20Perl
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Higher-Order Perl: Transforming Programs with Programs (), is a book about the Perl programming language written by Mark Jason Dominus with the goal to teach Perl programmers with a strong C and Unix background how to use techniques with roots in functional programming languages like Lisp that are available in Perl as well.
In June 2013, a Chinese-language edition was published by China Machine Press. The full text of Higher Order Perl is available online in a variation of the Plain Old Documentation format (MOD) and in PDF.
Reception
The book has received reviews from sources including ACM Computing Reviews, Linux Journal, Weblabor, Dr. Dobb's Journal, and The Prague Bulletin of Mathematical Linguistics.
References
External links
Books about Perl
2005 books
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community%20Medical%20Center%20Long%20Beach
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Community Hospital Long Beach is an acute care hospital in Long Beach, California. After closing on July 3, 2018, it reopened on Monday, January 4, 2021 under a new operator Molina Wu Network LLC.
History
Community Hospital of Long Beach was founded in 1924 as Long Beach Community Hospital with 100 beds and 175 surgeons and physicians on staff. Long Beach councilman and mayor Fillmore Condit donated $50,000 to the Long Beach Community Hospital Association to assist with its development. Hugh Davies designed the original Spanish Colonial building. Nine years later, the 1933 Long Beach earthquake shook the hospital but did little damage to the hospital. The hospital provided medical care to hundreds of residents following the disaster. In the 1940s, the hospital added a new wing, increasing the number of beds to 150.
The 1960s and 1970s saw increasing modernization of hospital equipment and facilities with a doubling of the size of the emergency room, the opening of an intensive care unit, a nuclear medicine department and a coronary care unit. In 1980, the hospital was designated as a Historical Landmark. The 1980s and 1990s saw changes of ownership. In 1982, HealthWest bought the hospital. Through a 1988 merger, UniHealth became the owners of the hospital, followed by a purchase of UniHealth's hospitals in 1998 by Catholic Healthcare West.
Throughout the same period, additional changes and upgrades were made to the hospital including a neuropsychiatric center, a neonatal intensive care unit, an urgent care facility and a cancer center. The hospital also received a name change to Long Beach Community Hospital Medical Center. In the year 2000, Catholic Healthcare West closed the hospital prompting a strong reaction from the community around the hospital. After 9-months of “Save Our Neighborhood Hospital” community efforts, the hospital was re-opened with its current name in 2001 through the major efforts of Charles Lane, local realtor.
Since that time, the hospital has continued to expand services by adding a 28-bed behavioral health unit, an occupational medicine clinic and a women's health center for gynecological surgical services. The hospital received a three-year Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations accreditation in 2006. Community Hospital of Long Beach became part of MemorialCare Health System in 2011.
In June 2011 Memorial Care Health Systems purchased the hospital, preventing its inevitable closure. On September 29, 2017 the hospital was renamed Community Medical Center Long Beach. It has continued its growth and betterment under the leadership of Long Beach Memorial and Millers Women's and Children's Hospital.
After closing in 2018 the hospital signed a new lease agreement signed with Molina Wu Network LLC.
In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic in California, the Community Hospital reopened on January 4, 2021, providing needed hospital beds to the Southern California region.
See also
Long Beach Memor
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corner%20detection
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Corner detection is an approach used within computer vision systems to extract certain kinds of features and infer the contents of an image. Corner detection is frequently used in motion detection, image registration, video tracking, image mosaicing, panorama stitching, 3D reconstruction and object recognition. Corner detection overlaps with the topic of interest point detection.
Formalization
A corner can be defined as the intersection of two edges. A corner can also be defined as a point for which there are two dominant and different edge directions in a local neighbourhood of the point.
An interest point is a point in an image which has a well-defined position and can be robustly detected. This means that an interest point can be a corner but it can also be, for example, an isolated point of local intensity maximum or minimum, line endings, or a point on a curve where the curvature is locally maximal.
In practice, most so-called corner detection methods detect interest points in general, and in fact, the term "corner" and "interest point" are used more or less interchangeably through the literature. As a consequence, if only corners are to be detected it is necessary to do a local analysis of detected interest points to determine which of these are real corners. Examples of edge detection that can be used with post-processing to detect corners are the Kirsch operator and the Frei-Chen masking set.
"Corner", "interest point" and "feature" are used interchangeably in literature, confusing the issue. Specifically, there are several blob detectors that can be referred to as "interest point operators", but which are sometimes erroneously referred to as "corner detectors". Moreover, there exists a notion of ridge detection to capture the presence of elongated objects.
Corner detectors are not usually very robust and often require large redundancies introduced to prevent the effect of individual errors from dominating the recognition task.
One determination of the quality of a corner detector is its ability to detect the same corner in multiple similar images, under conditions of different lighting, translation, rotation and other transforms.
A simple approach to corner detection in images is using correlation, but this gets very computationally expensive and suboptimal. An alternative approach used frequently is based on a method proposed by Harris and Stephens (below), which in turn is an improvement of a method by Moravec.
Moravec corner detection algorithm
This is one of the earliest corner detection algorithms and defines a corner to be a point with low self-similarity. The algorithm tests each pixel in the image to see if a corner is present, by considering how similar a patch centered on the pixel is to nearby, largely overlapping patches. The similarity is measured by taking the sum of squared differences (SSD) between the corresponding pixels of two patches. A lower number indicates more similarity.
If the pixel is in a region o
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Guttag
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John Vogel Guttag (born March 6, 1949) is an American computer scientist, professor, and former head of the department of electrical engineering and computer science at MIT.
Education and career
John Guttag was raised in Larchmont, New York, the son of Irwin Guttag (1916–2005) and Marjorie Vogel Guttag.
John Vogel Guttag received a bachelor's degree in English from Brown University in 1971, and a master's degree in applied mathematics from Brown in 1972. In 1975, he received a doctorate in Computer Science from the University of Toronto. He was a member of the faculty at the University of Southern California from 1975 to 1978, and joined the Massachusetts Institute of Technology faculty in 1979.
From 1993 to 1998, he served as associate department head for computer science of MIT's electrical engineering and computer science Department. From January 1999 through August 2004, he served as head of that department. EECS, with approximately 2000 students and 125 faculty members, is the largest department at MIT.
He helped student Vanu Bose start a company with software-defined radio technology developed at MIT.
Guttag also co-heads the MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory's Networks and Mobile Systems Group. This group studies issues related to computer networks, applications of networked and mobile systems, and advanced software-based medical instrumentation and decision systems. He has also done research, published, and lectured in the areas of software engineering, mechanical theorem proving, hardware verification, compilation, software radios, and medical computing.
Guttag serves on the board of directors of Empirix and Avid Technology, and on the board of trustees of the Massachusetts General Hospital Institute of Health Professions. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. In 2006 he was inducted as a fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery.
He is one of the founders of Health[at]Scale Technologies, a machine learning and artificial intelligence company.
Selected publications
References
External links
MIT Bio
CSAIL Bio
Health at Scale Technologies
Living people
American computer scientists
Formal methods people
Fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery
Brown University alumni
University of Toronto alumni
University of Southern California faculty
MIT School of Engineering faculty
Massachusetts General Hospital people
1949 births
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WGFL
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WGFL (channel 28) is a television station licensed to High Springs, Florida, United States, serving the Gainesville area as an affiliate of CBS and MyNetworkTV. It is owned by New Age Media alongside low-power, Class A Antenna TV affiliate WYME-CD (channel 45); New Age also provides certain services to NBC affiliate WNBW-DT (channel 9) under a local marketing agreement (LMA) with MPS Media. All three stations, in turn, are operated under a master service agreement by the Sinclair Broadcast Group. The stations share studios on Northwest 80th Boulevard (along I-75/SR 93) in Gainesville; WGFL's transmitter is located on Southwest 30th Avenue near Newberry.
WGFL was also used to provide full-market over-the-air high definition digital coverage of co-owned low-power analog MyNetworkTV affiliate WMYG-LP (simulcast over WGFL-DT2). This ended when the low-power station's license was canceled on November 18, 2015; it now operates solely as a subchannel of WGFL.
The Gainesville market is located between several other Florida TV markets. In these areas, local cable systems opt instead for the affiliate for their home market instead of WGFL. This includes Charter Spectrum and Cox in Ocala (part of the Orlando market) that both offer WKMG-TV. In Lake City (part of the Jacksonville market), Comcast Xfinity provides WJAX-TV.
History
As a WB affiliate
WGFL signed on September 20, 1997, offering an analog signal on UHF channel 53. It originally served as the WB affiliate for the Gainesville area and was known on-air as "WB 53". The station also maintained a secondary affiliation with UPN, carrying its programming at 10 p.m. following WB's regular prime time schedule.
WGFL's daytime programming mainly consisted of classic sitcom reruns along with various reality/talk shows such as Queen Latifah. Like most WB affiliates at the time, WGFL carried the afternoon Kids' WB line up along with more youth oriented sitcoms like Sister, Sister during the evenings.
Joining CBS
In May 2002, WGFL announced its intention to affiliate with the CBS network on July 15, 2002; this came about as an affiliation switch arose involving then-CBS affiliate WJXT and then-UPN affiliate WTEV (now WJAX-TV) in Jacksonville, which led WJXT to drop CBS programming and become an independent. Up until that point, WJXT had served as the default CBS affiliate for Gainesville because its signal offered city-grade coverage into the area.
When the switch took place, WGFL gained the CBS affiliation and the station re-branded to "CBS 4" (preferring to go by its cable channel number on Cox systems). Now displaced, the UPN programs were moved to late night hours on WGFL while The WB moved over to a new cable-only station branded as "WB 10" (again referring to the Cox channel assignment). The UPN programming would later move from WGFL in 2004 (see Translators).
The CBS affiliation also brought Florida Gators football as well as the NFL to the station through the network's rights to air SEC and AFC
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man%27y%C5%8Dsen%20Shinminatok%C5%8D%20Line
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The is a rail line located in Imizu and Takaoka, Toyama Prefecture, Japan, operated by Manyosen.
Line data
Total distance: 4.9 km
Gauge: 1,067 mm
Stations: 8
Double track sections: none (entire line is single-track)
Electrified sections: Entire track (600 V DC)
Closing method: Automatic
Stations
Rokudōji Station
Shōgawaguchi Station
Nishi Shinminato Station
Shinmachiguchi Station
Naka Shinminato Station
Higashi Shinminato Station
Kaiōmaru Station
Koshinokata Station (main station)
Connecting lines
The Takaoka Kidō Line connects at Rokudōji Station.
References
Transit website: https://www.manyosen.co.jp/
Rail transport in Toyama Prefecture
Railway lines in Japan
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man%27y%C5%8Dsen%20Takaoka%20Kid%C5%8D%20Line
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The is a city tram line in Takaoka and Imizu, Toyama Prefecture, Japan, operated by Manyosen.
Line data
Total distance: 7.9 km
Gauge: 1,067 mm
Stations: 17
Double track sections: Between Hirokōji Station and Yonejimaguchi Station
Electrified sections: Entire track (600 V DC)
Closing method: Automatic
Stations
Takaoka Station (connecting to Takaoka Station of JR West)
Suehirochō Station
Kataharamachi Station
Sakashita-machi Station
Kyūkan Iryō Center-mae Station
Hirokōji Station
Shikino Chūgakkō-mae Station
Shiminbyōin-mae Station
Ejiri Station
Asahigaoka Station
Ogino Station
Shin Nōmachi Station
Yonejimaguchi Station
Nōmachiguchi Station
Shin Yoshihisa Station
Yoshihisa Station
Naka Fushiki Station
Rokudōji Station (connecting service to Shinminatokō Line)
References
External links
Man'yōsen surrounding and map (private site)
Transport in Toyama Prefecture
Railway lines in Japan
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software%20management%20review
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A Software management review is a management study into a project's status and allocation of resources. It is different from both a software engineering peer review, which evaluates the technical quality of software products, and a software audit, which is an externally conducted audit into a project's compliance to specifications, contractual agreements, and other criteria.
Process
A management review can be an informal process, but generally requires a formal structure and rules of conduct, such as those advocated in the IEEE 1028 standard, which are:
Evaluate entry?
Management preparation?
Plan the structure of the review
Overview of review procedures?
[Individual] Preparation?
[Group] Examination?
Rework/follow-up?
[Exit evaluation]?
Definition
In software engineering, a management review is defined by the IEEE as:
A systematic evaluation of a software acquisition, supply, development, operation, or maintenance process performed by or on behalf of management ... [and conducted] to monitor progress, determine the status of plans and schedules, confirm requirements and their system allocation, or evaluate the effectiveness of management approaches used to achieve fitness for purpose. Management reviews support decisions about corrective actions, changes in the allocation of resources, or changes to the scope of the project.
Management reviews are carried out by, or on behalf of, the management personnel having direct responsibility for the system. Management reviews identify consistency with and deviations from plans, or adequacies and inadequacies of management procedures. This examination may require more than one meeting. The examination need not address all aspects of the product."
References
Software review
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Jeremy%20Kyle%20Show
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The Jeremy Kyle Show is a British tabloid talk show presented by Jeremy Kyle and produced by ITV Studios. It premiered on the ITV network on 4 July 2005, and ran for seventeen series until its cancellation on 10 May 2019. It was the most popular programme in ITV's daytime schedule, broadcast on weekday mornings and reaching an audience of one million. It replaced the chat show Trisha following its move to Channel 5 in 2004.
The show was based on confrontations in which guests attempt to resolve personal problems, often related to family and romantic relationships, sex and addiction. It featured psychotherapist Graham Stanier, who assisted the guests during and after the show's broadcast, along with the use of lie detectors, despite lack of scientific evidence supporting the use of the equipment.
The Jeremy Kyle Show became controversial for placing guests in confrontational situations, with Kyle often chastising guests whom he felt had acted in morally dubious or irresponsible ways and stressing the importance of traditional family values, while guests frequently displayed strong emotions such as anger and distress. Despite ITV disputing claims that guests were mistreated on the programme and misled by researchers, a judge described the programme as "human bear-baiting" during a prosecution of guests who had a violent altercation on the programme. On 15 May 2019, the programme was cancelled following the suspected suicide of a guest, whose appearance had been filmed in the week before but not aired.
Background
In late 2004, Trisha Goddard left from ITV to move her talk show to Channel 5. Radio broadcaster Jeremy Kyle was drafted in to host a talk show, The Jeremy Kyle Show, which was first broadcast on 4 July 2005 in ITV's weekday 9:25am slot.
During the launch week of the programme and the week of Kyle's 40th birthday the show was overshadowed by news coverage of the London tube bombings. Earlier in that week, a transmission breakdown disrupted one of the first three showings. In 2007, the show was nominated for the "Most Popular Factual Programme" award at the 13th National Television Awards, although lost in that category to Top Gear.
Format
Guests
The guests were, according to the New Statesman, "poor, mainly white, always working-class families" who were concerned about the personal problems of someone they knew. In the opinion of Anoosh Chakelian in the same publication, it curated "a morbidly chaotic picture of a British underclass – for those watching at home to scoff and sneer at – with the veneer of helping them". In a 2007 article for The Independent, the journalist Paul Vallely referred to Kyle treating his guests "with a false mateyness, calling them 'babe', 'sweet' or 'Davey boy'". A former producer has alleged that the show's guests had mental health problems; the producer commented anonymously that the guests were normally "at the very least depressed" and that "if they truly screened for mental health issues, there would b
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SBSI
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SBSI may refer to:
SBS independent, film and television production company, linked to Special Broadcasting Service public broadcasting network, Australia
Confederation of Indonesia Prosperous Trade Union (Serikat Buruh Sejahtera Indonesia), a trade union federation from Indonesia
SBSI – Surface Based Body Shape Index. A new method to replace Body mass index.
Socorro Bayanihan Services, Inc., a civic organization in Socorro, Surigao del Norte, Philippines
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bad%20Sector
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Bad Sector is an ambient/noise project formed in 1992 in Tuscany, Italy by Massimo Magrini. While working at the Computer Art Lab of ISTI in Pisa (one of the CNR institutes), he developed original gesture interfaces that he uses in live performances: 'Aerial Painting Hand' (a device that tracks the position of the musician's hands in gloves of two different colors), 'UV-Stick' (an ultraviolet-illuminated stick that the musician moves in front of the camera—a computer reads its position and angle and makes changes to music generation algorithms accordingly), and others.
Bad Sector's music is considered a mixture of ambient, noise, industrial music, minimal and experimental music.
Magrini himself describes it as "deeply emotional dark ambient noise". Common themes (as reflected in album and track titles) include microbiology, algorithms, physics, and space exploration.
See also
List of ambient music artists
References
External links
Bad Sector official website
Facebook Page
Bad Sector at Musicbrainz
Bad Sector at discogs.com
Noise musicians
Ambient musicians
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic%20primitive
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Cryptographic primitives are well-established, low-level cryptographic algorithms that are frequently used to build cryptographic protocols for computer security systems. These routines include, but are not limited to, one-way hash functions and encryption functions.
Rationale
When creating cryptographic systems, designers use cryptographic primitives as their most basic building blocks. Because of this, cryptographic primitives are designed to do one very specific task in a precisely defined and highly reliable fashion.
Since cryptographic primitives are used as building blocks, they must be very reliable, i.e. perform according to their specification. For example, if an encryption routine claims to be only breakable with number of computer operations, and it is broken with significantly fewer than operations, then that cryptographic primitive has failed. If a cryptographic primitive is found to fail, almost every protocol that uses it becomes vulnerable. Since creating cryptographic routines is very hard, and testing them to be reliable takes a long time, it is essentially never sensible (nor secure) to design a new cryptographic primitive to suit the needs of a new cryptographic system. The reasons include:
The designer might not be competent in the mathematical and practical considerations involved in cryptographic primitives.
Designing a new cryptographic primitive is very time-consuming and very error-prone, even for experts in the field.
Since algorithms in this field are not only required to be designed well but also need to be tested well by the cryptologist community, even if a cryptographic routine looks good from a design point of view it might still contain errors. Successfully withstanding such scrutiny gives some confidence (in fact, so far, the only confidence) that the algorithm is indeed secure enough to use; security proofs for cryptographic primitives are generally not available.
Cryptographic primitives are similar in some ways to programming languages. A computer programmer rarely invents a new programming language while writing a new program; instead, they will use one of the already established programming languages to program in.
Cryptographic primitives are one of the building blocks of every crypto system, e.g., TLS, SSL, SSH, etc. Crypto system designers, not being in a position to definitively prove their security, must take the primitives they use as secure. Choosing the best primitive available for use in a protocol usually provides the best available security. However, compositional weaknesses are possible in any crypto system and it is the responsibility of the designer(s) to avoid them.
Combining cryptographic primitives
Cryptographic primitives are not cryptographic systems, as they are quite limited on their own. For example, a bare encryption algorithm will provide no authentication mechanism, nor any explicit message integrity checking. Only when combined in security protocols can more than one
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smallest%20grammar%20problem
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In data compression and the theory of formal languages, the smallest grammar problem is the problem of finding the smallest context-free grammar that generates a given string of characters (but no other string). The size of a grammar is defined by some authors as the number of symbols on the right side of the production rules.
Others also add the number of rules to that. The (decision version of the) problem is NP-complete.
The smallest context-free grammar that generates a given string is always a straight-line grammar without useless rules.
See also
Grammar-based code
Kolmogorov Complexity
Lossless data compression
References
Formal languages
Data compression
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohara%20%28TV%20series%29
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Ohara is an American police procedural television series that first aired on the ABC television network from January 17, 1987, until May 7, 1988, starring Pat Morita in the title role of Lt. Ohara. Morita also co-created the series along with Michael Braveman and John A. Kuri. Kevin Conroy, Jon Polito, Rachel Ticotin, and Robert Clohessy also starred in supporting roles. The series was notable for being one of the first television series to have a Japanese-American actor in the leading role.
Premise
The series focuses on an unconventional Los Angeles-based Japanese American police lieutenant named Ohara (Pat Morita) who uses spirituality methods such as meditation in his home shrine to solve crimes without the use of a gun or a partner, although he would use martial arts if necessary. He often talked in the form of epigrams. He was later paired with a partner named Lt. George Shaver (Robert Clohessy) who was a more conventional cop.
Main cast
Pat Morita as Lt. Ohara
Season 1
Kevin Conroy as Capt. Lloyd Hamilton(episode 1-7)
Jon Polito as Capt. Ross(episode 8-11)
Madge Sinclair as Gussie Lemmons
Catherine Keener as Lt. Cricket Sideris
Richard Yniguez as Det. Jesse Guerrera
Season 2
Robert Clohessy as Lt. George Shaver
Rachel Ticotin as Asst. U.S. Atty. Teresa Storm
Meagen Fay as Roxy
Notable guest stars
Brandon Lee appeared in the Season 2 episode "What's in a Name" which first aired on January 23, 1988 as Kenji, the evil son of a yakuza godfather. This was Lee's first and only appearance in a television series and his only acting role as a villain, although in Kung Fu: The Movie, his character was possessed and forced to be evil for most of the movie.
Other guest stars in the series included Michael Des Barres, Nana Visitor, Mitch Pileggi, Benicio del Toro, Shannon Tweed, and Eve McVeagh.
Episodes list
Season 1 (1987)
Season 2 (1987–88)
Format changes and cancellation
Following its premiere, the show was not attracting the audience ABC had hoped for. They put it through several format changes to increase the ratings. The first major change was to change title character Ohara from a lieutenant to a federal police officer; he was also paired with a partner. Later on in the season Ohara became a more conventional cop using a gun to assist him in his investigations. The second season had a final format change in which Ohara and his partner were turned into private investigators. These changes failed to improve the show's declining ratings and the show was cancelled after the second season.
External links
Review of Ohara at Thrilling Detective.com
Ohara Episode list and Summary on TV.com
1987 American television series debuts
1988 American television series endings
1980s American crime television series
Fictional portrayals of the Los Angeles Police Department
American Broadcasting Company original programming
Television series by Warner Bros. Television Studios
English-language television shows
Television series by Imagine Entertainment
A
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Tube%20%282003%20TV%20series%29
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The Tube is a British television documentary about the London Underground network. The programme follows London Underground workers: drivers, station staff and managers, showing the Underground system to the public through their eyes. First shown on ITV London, it was later also broadcast on certain Sky television channels, including Sky Real Lives and Sky3.
The programme was produced by Mosaic Films first for Carlton Television, and later for ITV London and Sky Travel.
To date, there have been three series produced, including a two-part special on the 7 July 2005 London bombings. The series is now sometimes repeated, mostly on Pick.
Episodes
Series One
Series One Special
Series Two
Series Three
Series Three Special
DVD release
Due to the popularity of the series, Two DVD sets were released in 2007. Series One and Two were available as one double set; While Series Three was released as a single set. Special features include train footage and photographs.
External links
Spark/Little Dot Studios reruns:
Series 1 on YouTube
Series 2 on YouTube
Series 3 on YouTube
2003 British television series debuts
2006 British television series endings
ITV documentaries
English-language television shows
Carlton Television
Television series by ITV Studios
Television shows set in London
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Journeyman%20Project%202%3A%20Buried%20in%20Time
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The Journeyman Project 2: Buried in Time is a computer game developed by Presto Studios and is the second game in the Journeyman Project series of computer adventure games.
Published in 1995 by Sanctuary Woods, Buried in Time was a radical change from the original. It established Agent 5 (the player's character) as Gage Blackwood, which in the original Journeyman Project lacked basic personality features and even a name. It also featured greatly improved graphics and animation as well as many live-action sequences. The PC version was programmed entirely in C++ for improved performance. A PlayStation version was also prototyped, but was never released.
Story
As the story begins in the year 2318, six months after the events of the first game, Gage Blackwood (once again controlled by the player) is visited by himself from ten years in the future. Someone has framed the future Gage for tampering with historical artifacts and it is up to the past Gage to visit the past and find evidence to clear his name. Meanwhile, the Symbiotry of Peaceful Beings is deliberating on Earth's monopoly on time travel technology and this latest trial threatens to close down the Temporal Security Agency (TSA). After joining up with an artificial intelligence being named Arthur, Gage visits locations such as the workshop of Leonardo da Vinci, the ending of the Siege of Chateau Gaillard, and the Mayan temple of Chichen Itza and eventually find the culprit, Michelle Visard, who is another TSA agent. Gage is kidnapped by her and taken to an old missile silo, where Arthur sacrifices himself to force Michelle to jump to another time, and allow Gage to continue his mission. Gage eventually uncovers that another alien race, the Krynn, are behind the crimes and the framing of Gage, to further their own interests. Gage is able to stop the Krynn and save his future self, and is then mind-wiped and sent back to his own time.
Publishing
Buried in Time was published by Sanctuary Woods upon its original release. However, Sanctuary Woods soon went out of business, and Presto Studios self-published the game until Red Orb Entertainment picked up the distribution rights in 1998. Red Orb published the game until their demise in 1999.
Releases and bug fixes
Sales of Buried in Time surpassed 200,000 units by July 1996, while those of the overall Journeyman Project series had reached roughly 500,000 units by that date. Buried in Time ultimately sold 225,000 units, on a budget of "almost $500,000", according to Michel Kripalani.
The initial 1.0 release of Buried in Time included a notable glitch near the end of the game that prevented the player from getting a perfect score. This bug and other problems related to running under Windows 95 were solved in a version 1.1 patch.
When the game was released as part of The Journeyman Project Trilogy box set, Buried in Time was plagued by a manufacturing error that affected many of the box sets. The disc labeled as disc 2 actually contained the
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RIM-900
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The RIM-900 was one of the first wireless data devices, marketed as a two-way pager. It operated on the Mobitex network. It was a clam shell device that could fit on a belt. It had a small QWERTY keyboard for sending and receiving email and interactive messages.
The product was introduced as Inter@ctive Paging in 1996 by Research in Motion and RAM Mobile Data.
References
Personal digital assistants
Pagers
Products introduced in 1996
900
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software%20walkthrough
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In software engineering, a walkthrough or walk-through is a form of software peer review "in which a designer or programmer leads members of the development team and other interested parties through a software product, and the participants ask questions and make comments about possible errors, violation of development standards, and other problems". The reviews are also performed by assessors, specialists, etc. and are suggested or mandatory as required by norms and standards.
"Software product" normally refers to some kind of technical document. As indicated by the IEEE definition, this might be a software design document or program source code, but use cases, business process definitions, test case specifications, and a variety of other technical documentation may also be walked through.
A walkthrough differs from software technical reviews in its openness of structure and its objective of familiarization. It differs from software inspection in its ability to suggest direct alterations to the product reviewed. It lacks of direct focus on training and process improvement, process and product measurement.
Process
A walkthrough may be quite informal, or may follow the process detailed in IEEE 1028 and outlined in the article on software reviews.
Objectives and participants
In general, a walkthrough has one or two broad objectives: to gain feedback about the technical quality or content of the document; and/or to familiarize the audience with the content.
A walkthrough is normally organized and directed by the author of the technical document. Any combination of interested or technically qualified personnel (from within or outside the project) may be included as seems appropriate.
IEEE 1028 recommends three specialist roles in a walkthrough:
The author, who presents the software product in step-by-step manner at the walk-through meeting, and is probably responsible for completing most action items;
The walkthrough leader, who conducts the walkthrough, handles administrative tasks, and ensures orderly conduct (and who is often the Author); and
The recorder, who notes all anomalies (potential defects), decisions, and action items identified during the walkthrough meetings.
Further reading
See also
Cognitive walkthrough
Reverse walkthrough
Software review
References
Software review
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM%20Mobile%20Data
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RAM Mobile Data was founded by RAM Broadcasting Corporation as American Mobile Data Communications, Inc. in 1988. The name of the company was changed to Ram Mobile Data in 1989. RAM Mobile Data was the U.S. Operator of the Mobitex network.
RAM Mobile Data was sold and renamed BellSouth Wireless Data in 1995 and later became Cingular Interactive when BellSouth and SBC Communications formed Cingular Wireless. The Mobitex division within Cingular Wireless was sold to an investment company in 2005 and became Velocita Wireless. Velocita Wireless was purchased by Sprint Nextel and became a Sprint Nextel Company in early 2006. Today RAM Mobile Data is the exclusive operator of Mobitex in the Netherlands. With headquarters in Utrecht (NL) and a daughter in Brussels (BE), they are running the entire Mobitex operations throughout the BeNeLux. Furthermore, RAM has a business unit RAM track-and-trace and since 2010 a daughter in IT services Ram Infotechnology.
Navara was a division of RAM Mobile Data until 2013, and provides mobile device interface solutions for existing applications and databases. Nowadays Navara is privatized and operates from Driebergen.
Footnotes
External links
RAM Mobile Data Netherlands
RAM Mobile Data Belgium
RAM Infotechnology
Information technology companies of the Netherlands
Telecommunications companies established in 1988
Organisations based in Utrecht (city)
Companies based in Utrecht (province)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BatchPipes
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On IBM mainframes, BatchPipes is a batch job processing utility which runs under the MVS/ESA operating system and later versions—OS/390 and z/OS.
Core function
In traditional processing, if data records are written out to sequential (QSAM and BSAM) data set on disk or tape, they cannot be read concurrently by another job. The "writer" and "reader" cannot run at the same time. This is termed file-level interlock or data-set-level interlock.
With BatchPipes an installation can arrange for the data to be "piped" between the two jobs. The advantage is that the jobs can run concurrently and it is possible, and very usual, to avoid the time to write the data to secondary storage and to read it back. The combination of these two characteristics, if used judiciously, leads to a reduction in the combined elapsed time of the two jobs, as measured from the start of the writer job to the end of the reader job.
BatchPipes maintains a short queue of records being passed between the writer and the reader. The writer adds records to the back of the queue and the reader takes them from the front. This is deemed record-level interlock and allows the reader and the writer to run concurrently.
A sort is a special case: all the input records must be read before the first output record can be written. Hence there can be no overlap between the input and output phases of a sort. But the input phase can be overlapped with the previous job's output phase. Similarly, the output phase of sort can be overlapped with a downstream job that reads the sorted data.
Advanced pipe topologies
More complex topologies than "one reader one writer" are possible.
"Two readers one writer" is a good example of an attempt to balance reader's speed against a writer's speed. Because the queue is short a faster writer will often be forced to wait for a slower reader to take records off the queue before the writer can continue processing. Using two readers helps to utilize writers capabilities.
"One job as a reader from one pipe and a writer to another" is often seen where this job edits the records. While traditional batch streams often contain such jobs, this kind of processing can be introduced using, for example IBM's DFSORT product or BatchPipeWorks (part of BatchPipes).
Criticism
One of the key implementation considerations is scheduling the reader and writer jobs to run together. In practical batch schedules this might not be feasible. Furthermore, if any job in the pipeline fails, recovery actions will be wider than just recovering this single job. For these reasons some installations have found it difficult to implement BatchPipes.
BatchPipePlex
BatchPipes can use the IBM mainframe Coupling Facility to pipe data between different members of a Parallel Sysplex, using the BatchPipePlex facility.
BatchPipeWorks
BatchPipes includes a set of pipeline stages based on IBM's CMS Pipelines product developed for the VM/ESA operating system. These stages provide additional processing,
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Late%20Music
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The Late Music Volume One is an album by The Olivia Tremor Control side project Black Swan Network. Released on Camera Obscura, it is a collection of tracks inspired by Olivia Tremor Control fans who wrote the band with descriptions of dreams they had.
Track listing
"One" – 4:21
"Two" – 5:47
"Three" – 2:31
"Four" – 4:26
"Five" – 16:34
"Six" – 17:43
"Seven" – 9:36
References
Black Swan Network albums
1997 albums
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationwide%20Wireless%20Priority%20Service
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The Nationwide Wireless Priority Service (WPS) is a system in the United States that allows high-priority emergency telephone calls to avoid congestion on wireless telephone networks. This complements the Government Emergency Telecommunications Service (GETS), which allows such calls to avoid congestion on landline networks. The service is overseen by the Federal Communications Commission and administered by the Office of Emergency Communications (OEC) in the Department of Homeland Security. WPS was previously administered by the National Communications System (NCS) which had been created by President Kennedy by a Presidential Memorandum on August 21, 1963 and expanded by President Reagan by Executive Order 12472 on April 3, 1984. On July 6, 2012, President Obama signed Executive Order 13618, which eliminated the NCS as a separate organization; it was merged into the Office of Emergency Communications (OEC), which had been created in 2007. A ceremony to retire the colors of the NCS and to celebrate the legacy of the organization was held on August 30, 2012 in Arlington, VA.
During a local or national emergency, wireless telephone networks are likely to become congested with calls. Even absent emergencies, some towers and networks receive more calls than they can handle. WPS allows high-priority calls to bypass that congestion and receive priority by dialing ++DST_NUMBER+ (the 'star' key followed by 272 followed by the destination number followed by the dial key). The system is authorized only for use by national security and emergency preparedness personnel, classified into five categories:
Executive leadership and policy makers (e.g. the President of the United States and members of Congress)
Disaster response/military command and control
Public Health, safety, and law enforcement command
Public services/utilities and public welfare
Disaster recovery
Unlike the GETS system, which provides landline priority telephone calls, participation in the WPS system is optional for telephone companies. As such, support is only available on selected networks and usually requires additional fees for activation, availability, and use.
Before using the system, each user must receive authorization from the National Communications System and subscribe to the service with a participating provider. Once authorized, a user simply needs to prepend calls the vertical service code of "*272" to receive priority consideration on the wireless network.
Although the system is said to ensure a high probability of call completion, it is not without serious limitations. The WPS will not preempt calls in progress, so the user will have to wait for bandwidth to open. It is also not yet supported by all carriers. In order for a call to work, telephone infrastructure must be powered and functioning. Finally, a call that receives priority using WPS does not automatically get priority on landline networks. Therefore, congestion on the Public Switched Telephone Netw
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephanie%20Sheh
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Stephanie Sheh is an American voice actress, ADR director, writer and producer who has worked for several major companies, including Cartoon Network and Sony. She is often involved with work in English dubs of anime, cartoons, video games and films. Her notable voice roles include Hinata Hyuga in the Naruto franchise, Orihime Inoue in Bleach, Usagi Tsukino/the title protagonist in the Viz Media redub of Sailor Moon, Yui Hirasawa in K-On!, Eureka in Eureka Seven, Katana in DC Super Hero Girls, Mikuru Asahina in The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya, Yui in Sword Art Online, Illyasviel von Einzbern in Fate/stay night, Mamimi Samejima in FLCL, Blanca in White Snake and its 2021 sequel: Green Snake and Mitsuha Miyamizu in Your Name.
Career
Sheh was born in Kalamazoo, Michigan, to a family of Han Chinese descent with her mother from China and her father from Taiwan, and was raised in Northern California.
She spent much of her childhood in Taiwan, where half of her relatives still live and speak Mandarin Chinese and Taiwanese Hokkien. Sheh became interested in being an actress after acting out a school play when she was in her early years in Monta Vista High School in Cupertino, California. While at the University of California, Los Angeles she was involved in anime clubs. After graduating from UCLA in 1999, she took a job as a producer while she pursued her acting career. She got her training and studying on acting, voice acting and improvisation at the Second City Training Center, East West Players, Susan Blu Voiceover Workshop and UCLA School of Theater, Film and Television. Sheh has also recorded radio spots for United States Cellular Corporation.
Under the moniker of Jennifer Sekiguchi, Sheh made her voice acting debut as Silky in I'm Gonna Be An Angel! in 2001. During that time, she worked at Synch-Point, which produced English dubs for anime, in which she produced the dub for I'm Gonna Be An Angel!, besides voicing Silky. She was working with Synch-Point when she brought in Marc Handler to ADR direct and write for FLCL, which she played as one of the main characters, Mamimi.
She would later land starring voice roles as Orihime Inoue in Bleach and Eureka in Eureka Seven. She also voiced supporting character Hinata Hyuga in the hit series Naruto in which her character had a major role in the storyline. The three shows have aired on Cartoon Network with varied success. She describes Hinata's issues with self-esteem as very relatable.
Sheh has been involved in voicing characters in video games such as BioShock 2, Aion: The Tower of Eternity, Devil May Cry 4, Grand Theft Auto V, and Resident Evil 5 as the current voice of Rebecca Chambers on the Resident Evil franchise. Beyond using her voice, Stephanie was flown to Japan to provide the motion capture for the character Cereza in Sega's video game Bayonetta. She also voiced Mlle Blanche de Grace in BioShock 2 and Orihime Inoue in the Bleach series.
Sheh has appeared several times on G4's Attack of th
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential%20coding
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In digital communications, differential coding is a technique used to provide unambiguous signal reception when using some types of modulation. It makes data to be transmitted to depend not only on the current signal state (or symbol), but also on the previous one.
The common types of modulation that require differential coding include phase-shift keying and quadrature amplitude modulation.
Purposes of differential coding
When data is transmitted over balanced lines, it is easy to accidentally invert polarity in the cable between the transmitter and the receiver.
Similarly for BPSK. To demodulate BPSK, one needs to make a local oscillator synchronous with the remote one. This is accomplished by a carrier recovery circuit. However, the integer part of the recovered carrier is ambiguous. There are n valid but not equivalent phase shifts between the two oscillators. For BPSK, n = 2; the symbols appear inverted or not.
Differential encoding prevents inversion of the signal and symbols, respectively, from affecting the data.
Assuming that is a bit intended for transmission and was the symbol just transmitted, then the symbol to be transmitted for is
where indicates binary or modulo-2 addition. On the decoding side, is recovered as
That is, depends only on a difference between the symbols and and not on their values (inverted or not).
There are several different line codes designed to be polarity insensitive -- whether the data stream is inverted or not, the decoded data will always be correct.
The line codes with this property include differential Manchester encoding, bipolar encoding, NRZI, biphase mark code, coded mark inversion, and MLT-3 encoding.
Conventional differential coding
A method illustrated above can deal with a data stream inversion (it is called 180° ambiguity). Sometimes it is enough (e.g. if BPSK is used or if other ambiguities are detected by other circuits, such as a Viterbi decoder or a frame synchronizer) and sometimes it isn't.
Generally speaking, a differential coding applies to symbols (these are not necessary the same symbols as used in the modulator). To resolve 180° ambiguity only, bits are used as these symbols. When dealing with 90° ambiguity, pairs of bits are used, and triplets of bits are used to resolve 45° ambiguity (e.g. in 8PSK).
A differential encoder provides the () operation, a differential decoder - the () operation.
Both differential encoder and differential decoder are discrete linear time-invariant systems. The former is recursive and IIR, the latter is non-recursive and thus FIR. They can be analyzed as digital filters.
A differential encoder is similar to an analog integrator. It has an impulse response
and a transfer function
A differential decoder is thus similar to an analog differentiator, its impulse response being
and its transfer function
Note that in binary (modulo-2) arithmetic, addition and subtraction (and positive and negative numbers) are equivalent.
Generalized diff
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tombs%20%26%20Treasure
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Tombs & Treasure, known in Japan as , is an adventure game originally developed by Falcom in 1986 for the PC-8801, PC-9801, FM-7, MSX 2 and X1 Japanese computer systems. A Famicom/NES version, released in 1988, was altered to be more story-based, and features new music and role-playing elements; an English-language NES version was published by Infocom in 1991. Japanese enhanced remakes were released for the Saturn and Windows systems in 1998 and 1999, respectively.
The game takes place in the ancient Mayan city of Chichen Itza on the Yucatán Peninsula. It alternates between using a three-quarters overhead view for travelling from ruin to ruin, and switching to a first-person perspective upon entering a specific location.
Plot
At the start of the game, the player is allowed to name both the protagonist, a young brown-haired man, and the lead female, a green-haired lass who is the daughter of one Professor Imes; if no names are manually entered, the game will randomly choose from a pre-coded list of names for both characters.
Professor Imes is a renowned archaeologist who has been investigating an artifact known as the Sun Key, which potentially has the ability to unlock the greatest secrets of the lost Mayan civilization, and is rumored to be housed somewhere within Chichen Itza. However, on his latest expedition, he and his team mysteriously disappeared while exploring different temples between June 22 and July 14; only his guide, José, was able to escape unharmed and return with some artifacts that the team found, hoping they will help the player in his quest to find the professor. The three, after talking with the professor's secretary Anne, travel to Mexico and into the ancient city to look for clues.
Several actual sites of Chichen Itza are explored by the player, although their interiors and purposes are purposefully changed slightly in order to help create an atmosphere of fantasy and mystery-solving intrigue. Furthermore, each ruin is home to a demon that is said to be under the control of a creature known only as Tentacula, although this is only speculation that is gathered from the professor's notes and what José has to say to the player at the start.
Gameplay
Tombs & Treasure is predominantly about solving puzzles and interacting objects with one another as they are found throughout the Mayan city. When travelling from temple to temple, the only available action is to walk using the D-pad. However, once a temple is entered, the player may start exploring much more thoroughly. Using a list of picture-based action keys ("Go", "Push", "Wash", etc.), the characters can interact with the environment, inspecting it for clues and manipulating it to unlock another area elsewhere. There are several items to collect, as well, whose purpose can be learned by looking at them. The game gives each of the three characters—the boy, the girl, and José—their own special attributes to let them all contribute to the quest. The boy is the player's in-g
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20The%204400%20episodes
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The 4400 is a science fiction television series produced by CBS Paramount Network Television in association with Sky Television, Renegade 83 and American Zoetrope for USA Network in the United States and Sky One in the United Kingdom. The show was created and written by Scott Peters and René Echevarria, and it stars Joel Gretsch and Jacqueline McKenzie. The series ran for four seasons from 2004 until its cancellation in 2007.
In the pilot episode, what was originally thought to be a comet deposits a group of exactly 4400 people at Highland Beach, in the Cascade Range foothills near Mount Rainier, Washington. Each of the 4400 had disappeared at various times starting from 1946 in a beam of white light. None of the 4400 have aged from the time of their disappearance. Confused and disoriented, they remember nothing of events occurring between the time of their disappearance and their return.
Series overview
Episodes
Season 1 (2004)
Season 2 (2005)
Season 3 (2006)
Season 4 (2007)
Specials
References
External links
Lists of American science fiction television series episodes
it:4400 (serie televisiva)#Episodi
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma%20effect
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The plasma effect is a computer-based visual effect animated in real-time. It uses cycles of changing colours warped in various ways to give an illusion of liquid, organic movement.
Plasma is the name of a VGA graphics demo created by Bret Mulvey in 1988 and released on CompuServe. It uses a diamond-square algorithm to generate a 2D pattern, and then cycles the colors using hardware palette in its 256-color mode.
Plasma was picked up by demo coders for their demos where the effect was heavily used, especially in the early 1990s. The effect was particularly common on the Amiga where it could be implemented very efficiently with its display hardware features. Plasma can also be implemented easily in software rendering by using sinus tables and pseudocolor palettes, and it has also been the first true demo effect for many beginning PC democoders.
The fractal software Fractint also incorporates an algorithm known as "plasma", which, when combined with the color cycling feature of the software, can provide a result which resembles a typical plasma effect used in demos. The technical basis, however, is completely different, and a color cycling plasma is somewhat less dynamic than a demo plasma.
Similar effects can be implemented on modern GPUs using pixel shaders.
Synopsis
As there are many "hacked" approaches for implementing a plasma effect, this outline of an algorithm will just describe the theoretical basis for the effect. In order to achieve a sufficiently fast and good-looking real-time implementation (especially on the limited hardware available at the time this effect was at the height of its popularity in the 1990s), one would often do "non-correct" approximations to this algorithm. This, however, can often be done without noticeable visual differences.
This algorithm is given in two dimensions, but could easily be adopted to any number of dimensions or any number of color channels.
Let be a multi-frequency noise function of two variables (e.g., a Perlin noise function). Let each color component at the pixel be a linear function of the expression . Increasing the value of the constant tends to increase the steepness of the color gradients in the image.
See also
Diamond-square algorithm is the fractal used by the original Plasma demo, and is now often called the plasma fractal which was the name given to it in Fractint.
External links
Page explaining how the effect is built and including a JavaScript animation
Demo effects
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Level%202
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Level 2 or Level II may refer to:
Technology
level 2 cache, a type of cache computer memory
Level 2, a level of automation in a self-driving car (see Autonomous car#Classification)
A NASDAQ price quotation service
Level II, the full and raw dataset from the U.S. National Weather Service's WSR-88D weather radar
Level 2, one of the levels in system support
Biosafety level 2, a laboratory grade
Level 2 market data
Music
Level II (Eru album), 2006
Level II (Blackstreet album), 2003
Level 2 (Last Chance to Reason album), 2011
Level 2 (Animal X album), 2001
Other
Level II, a skatepark located in the upstairs of the Dee Stadium in Houghton, Michigan
"Level Two" (Arrow), an episode of Arrow
Level 2 coronavirus restrictions, see COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland#Levels System
STANAG 4569 protection level
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vote%20for%20the%20Worst
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VoteForTheWorst.com (VFTW) was a website devoted to voting for the worst, most entertaining, most hated or quirkiest contestants on the Fox Network television series American Idol as well as the NBC Network television series The Voice. Smaller campaigns have also been started on the site for CTV's Canadian Idol, Fox's On the Lot and The Next Great American Band, NBC's America's Got Talent, and ABC's Dancing with the Stars. The website was started in 2004 during the third season of American Idol. Vote for the Worst also had a weekly radio show that has featured guests such as Ayla Brown, Trenyce, Leslie Hunt, Steffi DiDomenicantonio, Alex Wagner-Trugman and Todrick Hall. The site closed down in June 2013.
History
VFTW started at the Survivor Sucks message board and moved to a GeoCities website during season three of American Idol. The very first VFTW pick during Season 3 was Jennifer Hudson, dubbed "Boomquisha Santiago" or just "Boomie," during the semi-finals, but the site never picked her again as she improved in further weeks. When Hudson sang "Circle of Life" during finals, the camera went to a shot of Hudson's family members, with a cousin who sat with her arms folded while the others cheered. This cousin was dubbed "Whatevia," the namesake of VFTW's annual awards. The site began to upset regular Idol viewers with their support of John Stevens and Jasmine Trias, but it was largely unknown to the general public at this time.
During American Idol's fourth season, the site moved to its own domain name. VFTW gained its first bit of notoriety when Scott Savol outlasted Constantine Maroulis in the top 6 of Idol's fourth season and again appeared in the news when young crooner Kevin Covais made it to the top 11 in season five.
Season six of American Idol became a turning point for the website due to its support of candidates Antonella Barba and Sanjaya Malakar. Vote for the Worst was one of the first websites to break the story about Antonella Barba's racy online pictures. The site then made headlines by proving that the raciest pictures that appeared online (involving a Barba lookalike performing a sexual act) were not of Barba. After Barba and Sundance Head (another VFTW candidate) were voted out of the competition, Vote for the Worst selected Sanjaya Malakar as their pick. Malakar went on to last 6 more weeks in the competition, becoming a cultural phenomenon while gaining momentum along the way with support from celebrities such as Howard Stern. Entertainment Weekly called Malakar "the most popular Vote for the Worst candidate ever" and Malakar helped make Vote for the Worst a household name.
Season seven of American Idol saw the site stir up some major controversies. As the season began, Vote for the Worst posted a blog that season seven was being stacked with contestants with prior music industry experience and the controversy was picked up by news sources, including MTV, who decided to ask American Idol producer Ken Warwick about the iss
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back%20in%20the%20Day%20%282006%20TV%20program%29
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Back in the Day is a television show on the North American cable/satellite network, Speed Channel. It was hosted by NASCAR superstar driver Dale Earnhardt Jr.
The show, which premiered on February 9, 2006, is a repackaged version of the 1960s and 1970s show Car and Track, which was hosted and narrated by Bud Lindemann. The syndicated 30-minute program carried highlights of major NASCAR races, before such coverage was widely available on network television.
The new version features trivia about stock-car racing and other topics, presented in a "pop-up" style (similar to VH1's Pop-Up Video).
Earnhardt Jr. tapes his segments at his home and at the North Carolina Auto Racing Hall of Fame. Both are located in Mooresville, North Carolina.
The most common featured years are those of the early 1970s.
The show stopped airing before the conversion of Speed Channel to Fox Sports 1.
Dale Earnhardt Jr.’s Hammerhead Entertainment
Back in the Day was created and is produced by Dale Earnhardt Jr.’s Hammerhead Entertainment. The firm is headed by former New York marketing executive Thayer Lavielle. Prior to working with Earnhardt, Lavielle worked as a producer for ABC’s Good Morning America. Hammerhead also produces Dale Jr.’s Unresricted, a loosely formatted radio show on XM.
Reception
The Grand Rapids Presss Steve Kaminski praised the television show, writing, "What Back In The Day does is dust off Lindemann's Car and Track show and juice it up with Earnhardt's commentary and the bubbles. Back In The Day is great news for old-time fans, especially ones in West Michigan." Jane Miller of Peoria Journal Star said the show was "pretty entertaining".
References
External links
NASCAR on television
Speed (TV network) original programming
2006 American television series debuts
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-class%20Melbourne%20tram
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The B-class Melbourne tram is a class of two-section, three-bogie articulated class trams that operate on the Melbourne tram network. Following the introduction of two B1-class prototype trams in 1984 and 1985, a total of 130 B2-class trams were built by Comeng (later ABB), Dandenong.
They were developed for the conversion of the St Kilda and Port Melbourne railway lines to light rail, and introduced by the Metropolitan Transit Authority, and later the Public Transport Corporation between 1984 and 1994.
History
In preparation of the conversion of the St Kilda and Port Melbourne railway lines to light rail, two prototype B1-class trams were built in 1984 and 1985 at the end of an order for A1-class trams. They were followed by 130 B2-class trams built between 1987 and 1994. All were built by Comeng and later ABB in Dandenong. They were the first articulated trams on the Melbourne tram network, and the B2-class were the first air-conditioned trams.
On the request of the Victorian transport minister, who wished the last of the B2-class order to be low-floor trams, an articulated low-floor design was developed by Comeng from 1989. The tram was to ostensibly utilise the components from the B-class and be partially low-floor, with internal stairs over the bogies. The design progressed quite far, with concept art, design schematics, and a mock up produced, and work on the first body shell commenced.
The project was cancelled in 1990, with the new transport minister opting to finish the full B2-class order instead of the low-floor variant; this was on the back of disputes between Comeng and the Public Transport Corporation, a cabinet reshuffle, and ABB's acquisition of Comeng.
The prospect of low-floor access was raised again in the late 1990s when the Public Transport Corporation considered adding a low-floor section to the B-class trams, between the two sections. However, at a cost of $700,000 per tram it was not considered cost effective, and not carried out.
When the Melbourne tram network was privatised in August 1999, 55 B2-class passed to M>Tram, while the two 'B1-class' and other 75 B2-class went to Yarra Trams. All became part of the Yarra Trams fleet in April 2004 when the network was reunited.
In 2007 the dot-matrix displays on the B1 class trams were replaced with LED equipment and cab air-conditioning fitted in 2009. In 2014, an upgrade of the interiors commenced. Seats were removed and replaced with 'lean seats' as fitted on C and C2 class trams, that increases capacity by seven to nine passengers while providing space for prams and shopping carts, while extra hand rails will also be installed floor to ceiling, and seats will be re-covered.
These changes were aimed at increasing capacity while providing better use of space and flow through the vehicles. Step-well lighting was also improved, providing better visibility by changing to LED lighting. The program aimed to add capacity of approximately 1,100 passengers to the B-class flee
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliza%20Sherman
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Aliza Sherman, also known as Aliza Pilar Sherman, Aliza Sherman Risdahl, and Cybergrrl (born December 19, 1964) is a new media entrepreneur, author, blogger, women's issues activist, and international speaker. She is known for her expertise in online marketing and networking. Her primary focus includes addressing women's issues on the Internet, while empowering women to expand their role and involvement in progressive technology and the new media industry. In 1995, Sherman was named by Newsweek magazine as one of the "Top 50 People Who Matter Most on the Internet". She was one of only three women on the list. In 2009, she was named by Fast Company magazine as one of the "Most Influential Women in Technology", in the Blogger category. She is a native of Honolulu, Hawaii.
Professional background
In January 1995, Sherman founded Cybergrrl, Inc., which is the first full-service Internet company owned by a woman. Two months later, she established Webgrrls International, known as the first global women's new media networking organization. Sherman is known for launching the first three general interest Web sites for women, located at Cybergrrl.com, Webgrrls.com, and Femina.com, predating other major women's Web sites.
She is credited with coining the term "Webgrrls" to refer to women with Web sites.
In addition to Internet, Web site, and organizational development, Sherman has written twelve books, some of which address hindrances facing women in their attempt to increase their participation and involvement on the Internet. She identifies the issues that are present in various environments, while offering solutions, then empowering women to remove the barriers and move forward to accomplish their individual and professional goals. She has spoken about issues pertaining to women and the Internet at international conferences and events, including "Technology Conference for Women's NGOs" at The Hague, Netherlands; "Links Education Technology Conference" in Stockholm, Sweden; "1999 Women Leaders Conference" in Wellington, New Zealand; and "1999 Women's Summit of the Americas" in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Cybergrrl
In January 1995, Sherman founded Cybergrrl, Inc. She spent 1995 through 1999 running the organization and speaking about the Internet for women at colleges and universities including Harvard Business School, Simmons College Graduate School of Management, Rutgers University, New York University, and Columbia University, School of Business.
Webgrrls
In March 1995, Sherman established Webgrrls International, which is a hybrid of online and offline networking, education and mentoring for women interested in technology-related fields. The initial goal of Webgrrls was to provide a way for women to meet other women who were interested in and knowledgeable about the Internet. Webgrrls offered job lists and online training to members. Webgrrls started as a series of meetups in New York City with their initial meeting held at @Cafe on St Marks Place
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assistant%20Secretary%20of%20Defense%20for%20Networks%20and%20Information%20Integration
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The Assistant Secretary of Defense for Networks & Information Integration (ASD(NII)) was an appointed position that provided management and oversight of all DoD information technology, including national security systems. The ASD(NII) also served as the chief information officer (CIO) of the United States Department of Defense (DoD), a position distinct from the ASD and governed by the Clinger-Cohen Act.
The ASD(NII)/DoD CIO was the principal staff assistant and advisor to the Secretary of Defense and Deputy Secretary of Defense on networks and network-centric policies and concepts; command, control and communications (C3); non-intelligence space matters; enterprise-wide integration of DoD information matters; Information Technology (IT), including National Security Systems (NSS); information resources management (IRM); spectrum management; network operations; information systems; information assurance (IA); positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) policy, including airspace and military-air-traffic control activities; sensitive information integration; contingency support and migration planning; and related matters.
The ASD(NII)/DoD CIO had responsibilities for integrating information and related activities and services across the Department of Defense. The ASD(NII)/DoD CIO also served as the DoD Enterprise-level strategist and business adviser from the information, IT, and IRM perspective; Information and IT architect for the DoD enterprise; and, DoD-wide IT and IRM executive.
The Director, Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA), reported to the ASD(NII)/DoD CIO.
In August 2010, Secretary of Defense Robert Gates announced that the position of ASD(NII) would be eliminated. On January 11, 2012, the position of ASD(NII) was disestablished. Most of the position's responsibilities were retained by the DoD CIO.
History
This office was previously known as the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Command, Control, Communications and Intelligence), or ASD(C3I), and was redesignated ASD(NII) in May 2003.
ASD(C3I) traces its origins back to the Assistant to the Secretary of Defense (Telecommunications), an advisory position established in May 1970. A single person held this position before it was replaced in January 1972 by the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Telecommunications), an office with more weight in the Pentagon bureaucracy. The post was eliminated in January 1974, with responsibilities transferred to the Director, Telecommunications and Command and Control Systems under Defense Directive 5135.1.
In March 1977, a new post, the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Command, Control, Communications and Intelligence), was established by Defense Directive 5137.1, replacing both the Director, Telecommunications and Command and Control Systems and the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Intelligence)/Director of Defense Intelligence. (The ASD(I) had been established in November 1971, with some functions transferred from the Assistant Secretary of Defens
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adapter%20%28computing%29
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An adapter in regard to computing can be either a hardware component (device) or software that allows two or more incompatible devices to be linked together for the purpose of transmitting and receiving data. Given an input, an adapter alters it in order to provide a compatible connection between the components of a system. Both software and hardware adapters are used in many different devices such as mobile phones, personal computers, servers and telecommunications networks for a wide range of purposes. Some adapters are built into devices, while the others can be installed on a computer's motherboard or connected as external devices.
A software component adapter is a type of software that is logically located between two software components and reconciles the differences between them.
Function
Telecommunication
Like many industries, the telecommunication industry needs electrical devices such as adapters to transfer data across long distances. For example, analog telephone adapters (ATA) are used by telephone and cable companies. This device connects an analog telephone to a computer or network by connecting them to digital communication lines, which enables users to make a call via the Internet.
Personal computers
In modern personal computers, almost every peripheral device uses an adapter to communicate with a system bus, for example:
Display adapters used to transmit signals to a display device
Universal Serial Bus (USB) adapters for printers, keyboards and mice, among others
Network adapters used to connect a computer to a network
Host bus adapters used to connect hard disks or other storage
Analog and digital signals
Some hardware adapters convert between analog and digital signals with A/D or D/A converters. This allows adapters to interface with a broader range of devices. One common example of signal conversion is the sound card, which converts digital audio signals from a computer to analog signals for input to an amplifier.
Types
Host adapter
A host adapter, host controller or host bus adapter (HBA) is a circuit board or device which allows peripheral devices (usually internal) to interface with a computer. Host bus adapters are used to connect hard drives, networks, and USB peripherals. They are commonly integrated into motherboards but can also take the form of an expansion card.
Adapter card
An adapter card or expansion card is a circuit board which is plugged into the expansion bus in a computer to add function or resources, in much the same way as a host bus adapter . Common adapter cards include video cards, network cards, sound cards, and other I/O cards.
Video adapter
A video adapter (also known as graphics adapter, display adapter, graphics card, or video card) is a type of expansion card for computers which converts data and generates the electrical signal to display text and graphics on a display device.
Bus master adapter
Bus master adapters fit in EISA or MCA expansion slots in computers, and use
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-function
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In mathematics, c-function may refer to:
Smooth function
Harish-Chandra's c-function in the theory of Lie groups
List of C functions for the programming language C
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homomorphic%20encryption
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Homomorphic encryption is a form of encryption that allows computations to be performed on encrypted data without first having to decrypt it. The resulting computations are left in an encrypted form which, when decrypted, result in an output that is identical to that produced had the operations been performed on the unencrypted data. Homomorphic encryption can be used for privacy-preserving outsourced storage and computation. This allows data to be encrypted and out-sourced to commercial cloud environments for processing, all while encrypted.
Homomorphic encryption eliminates the need for processing data in the clear, thereby preventing attacks that would enable a hacker to access that data while it is being processed, using privilege escalation.
For sensitive data, such as health care information, homomorphic encryption can be used to enable new services by removing privacy barriers inhibiting data sharing or increasing security to existing services. For example, predictive analytics in health care can be hard to apply via a third party service provider due to medical data privacy concerns, but if the predictive analytics service provider can operate on encrypted data instead, these privacy concerns are diminished. Moreover, even if the service provider's system is compromised, the data would remain secure.
Description
Homomorphic encryption is a form of encryption with an additional evaluation capability for computing over encrypted data without access to the secret key. The result of such a computation remains encrypted. Homomorphic encryption can be viewed as an extension of public-key cryptography. Homomorphic refers to homomorphism in algebra: the encryption and decryption functions can be thought of as homomorphisms between plaintext and ciphertext spaces.
Homomorphic encryption includes multiple types of encryption schemes that can perform different classes of computations over encrypted data. The computations are represented as either Boolean or arithmetic circuits. Some common types of homomorphic encryption are partially homomorphic, somewhat homomorphic, leveled fully homomorphic, and fully homomorphic encryption:
Partially homomorphic encryption encompasses schemes that support the evaluation of circuits consisting of only one type of gate, e.g., addition or multiplication.
Somewhat homomorphic encryption schemes can evaluate two types of gates, but only for a subset of circuits.
Leveled fully homomorphic encryption supports the evaluation of arbitrary circuits composed of multiple types of gates of bounded (pre-determined) depth.
Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) allows the evaluation of arbitrary circuits composed of multiple types of gates of unbounded depth and is the strongest notion of homomorphic encryption.
For the majority of homomorphic encryption schemes, the multiplicative depth of circuits is the main practical limitation in performing computations over encrypted data. Homomorphic encryption schemes are
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Simpsons%20%28season%2014%29
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The fourteenth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons was originally broadcast on the Fox network in the United States between November 3, 2002, and May 18, 2003, and was produced by Gracie Films and 20th Century Fox Television. The show runner for the fourteenth production season was Al Jean, who executive produced 21 of 22 episodes. The other episode, "How I Spent My Strummer Vacation", was run by Mike Scully. The season was the first to use digital ink-and-paint for most of its episodes, though four episodes ("How I Spent My Strummer Vacation", "Bart vs. Lisa vs. the Third Grade", "Large Marge" and "Helter Shelter") were hold-overs from season 13's production run and used traditional ink-and-paint. A fifth season 13 holdover episode ("Treehouse of Horror XIII"), which was the first episode of season 14, used digital ink-and paint like the rest of the season. The fourteenth season has met with mostly positive reviews and won two Primetime Emmy Awards, including Outstanding Animated Program (For Programming less than One Hour), four Annie Awards and a Writers Guild of America Award. This season contains the show's 300th episode, "Barting Over".
Writers credited with episodes in the fourteenth season included J. Stewart Burns, Kevin Curran, John Frink & Don Payne, Dana Gould, Dan Greaney, Brian Kelley, Tim Long, Ian Maxtone-Graham, Carolyn Omine, Mike Scully, Matt Selman, John Swartzwelder, Matt Warburton and Marc Wilmore. Freelance writers included Brian Pollack & Mert Rich, Sam O'Neal & Neal Boushall, Dennis Snee and Allen Glazier. Animation directors included Bob Anderson, Mike B. Anderson, Chris Clements, Mark Kirkland, Lance Kramer, Nancy Kruse, Lauren MacMullan, Pete Michels, Steven Dean Moore, Matthew Nastuk, Michael Polcino, Jim Reardon and David Silverman. The main cast consisted of Dan Castellaneta (Homer Simpson, Grampa Simpson, Krusty the Clown, among others), Julie Kavner (Marge Simpson), Nancy Cartwright (Bart Simpson, Ralph Wiggum, Nelson Muntz), Yeardley Smith (Lisa Simpson), Hank Azaria (Moe Szyslak, Apu, Chief Wiggum, among others) and Harry Shearer (Ned Flanders, Mr. Burns, Principal Skinner, among others). Other cast members included Marcia Wallace (Edna Krabappel), Pamela Hayden (Milhouse Van Houten, among others), Tress MacNeille (Agnes Skinner, among others), Russi Taylor (Martin Prince) and Karl Wiedergott (Additional Voices). This season also saw the return of voice actress Maggie Roswell (Helen Lovejoy, Maude Flanders, among others), who had left the show during season 11 because of a contract dispute.
"Barting Over", which aired February 16, 2003, was promoted as the show's milestone 300th episode by Fox. However, "The Strong Arms of the Ma" was the 300th episode to be broadcast. According to Ben Rayner of the Toronto Star, "It's very difficult to find a straight answer why milestone status has been bestowed on ["Barting Over"]. Some rationalize that the 300 figure doesn't account for two early
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Simpsons%20%28season%2013%29
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The thirteenth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons originally aired on the Fox network between November 6, 2001, and May 22, 2002, and consists of 22 episodes. The showrunner for the thirteenth production season was Al Jean, who executive-produced 17 episodes. Mike Scully executive-produced the remaining five, which were all hold-overs that were produced for the previous season. The Simpsons is an animated series about an American family, which consists of Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa, and Maggie. The show is set in the fictional city of Springfield, and lampoons American culture, society, television and many aspects of the human condition. This is also the last full season to use cel animation, though four episodes from this season's production cycle would air during the following season as holdover episodes.
The season won an Annie Award for Best Animated Television Production, and was nominated for several other awards, including two Primetime Emmy Awards, three Writers Guild of America Awards, and an Environmental Media Award. The Simpsons ranked 30th in the season ratings with an average viewership of 12.4 million viewers. It was the second-highest-rated show on Fox after Malcolm in the Middle. Season 13 was released on DVD in Region 1 on August 24, 2010, Region 2 on September 20, 2010, and Region 4 on December 1, 2010.
Production
Mike Scully served as executive producer for the show for seasons nine to twelve. Five of the episodes produced for season 12 were held over and aired as part of the thirteenth season. He left the show following season 12 and was replaced by Al Jean. Jean was one of the original writers for The Simpsons, and served as executive producer of the third and fourth seasons with Mike Reiss before leaving the show in 1993. Jean returned full-time to The Simpsons during the tenth season (1998), this time without Reiss. Jean called it "a great job with a lot of responsibility," and cited "the fact that people love it so much" as "great".
Writers credited with episodes in the thirteenth season included Joel H. Cohen, John Frink, Don Payne, Carolyn Omine, George Meyer, Mike Scully, Dana Gould, John Swartzwelder, Ian Maxtone-Graham, Matt Selman, Tim Long, Jon Vitti, Matt Warburton, Deb Lacusta, Josh Lieb and cast member Dan Castellaneta. Freelance writers included Bill Freiberger. Animation directors included Bob Anderson, Mike B. Anderson, Mark Kirkland, Jen Kamerman, Lance Kramer, Nancy Kruse, Lauren MacMullan, Michael Marcantel, Pete Michels, Steven Dean Moore, Matthew Nastuk, Michael Polcino, Jim Reardon and Chuck Sheetz.
The main cast consisted of Dan Castellaneta (Homer Simpson, Grampa Simpson, Krusty the Clown among others), Julie Kavner (Marge Simpson), Nancy Cartwright (Bart Simpson, Ralph Wiggum, Nelson Muntz), Yeardley Smith (Lisa Simpson), Hank Azaria (Moe Szyslak, Apu, Chief Wiggum, among others) and Harry Shearer (Ned Flanders, Mr. Burns, Principal Skinner, among others). Other cast me
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Simpsons%20%28season%2011%29
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The eleventh season of the American animated television series The Simpsons originally aired on the Fox Network in the United States between September 26, 1999 and May 21, 2000, starting with "Beyond Blunderdome" and ending with "Behind the Laughter". With Mike Scully as the showrunner for the eleventh season, it has twenty-two episodes, including four hold-over episodes from the season 10 production line. Season 11 was released on DVD in Region 1 on October 7, 2008 with both a standard box and Krusty-molded plastic cover.
The season coincided with The Simpsons family being awarded their star on Hollywood's Walk of Fame, the season receiving itself an Emmy Award for Outstanding Animated Program, an Annie Award, and a British Comedy Award. It also saw the departure of voice actress Maggie Roswell. The Simpsons ranked 41st in the season ratings with an average U.S. viewership of 8.8 million viewers, making it the second highest rated show on Fox after Malcolm in the Middle. It got an 18-49 Nielsen Rating of 8.2//13.
Production
Towards the end of the production of season 10, voice actress Maggie Roswell, who voiced Helen Lovejoy, Maude Flanders and Miss Hoover, among others, left the show because of a contract dispute. She returned to the show in season 14. As a result of Roswell's leaving, Marcia Mitzman Gaven was brought to voice many of her characters, but it was decided to kill off Maude Flanders in the episode "Alone Again, Natura-Diddily" to open new storylines for that episode. Gaven started voicing Roswell's characters in hold-over season 10 episode "Brother's Little Helper".
Writers credited with episodes in the 11th season include Al Jean, Dan Greaney, Donick Cary, Tim Long, Ian Maxtone-Graham, Carolyn Omine, Mike Scully, Matt Selman, John Swartzwelder and George Meyer. Animation directors included Bob Anderson, Mike B. Anderson, Mark Kirkland, Lance Kramer, Nancy Kruse, Lauren MacMullan, Pete Michels, Steven Dean Moore, Matthew Nastuk, Michael Polcino and Jim Reardon.
Voice cast & characters
After the departure of Maggie Roswell, it was decided to kill-off Maude Flanders in order to open new storylines. In the episode "Alone Again, Natura-Diddily", Maude was killed off The character was voiced by Marcia Mitzman Gaven at that time.
Main cast
Dan Castellaneta as Homer Simpson, Grampa Simpson, Krusty the Clown, Groundskeeper Willie, Barney Gumble, Santa's Little Helper, and various others
Julie Kavner as Marge Simpson, Patty Bouvier, Selma Bouvier and various others
Nancy Cartwright as Bart Simpson, Nelson Muntz, Ralph Wiggum and various others
Yeardley Smith as Lisa Simpson
Harry Shearer as Mr. Burns, Waylon Smithers, Ned Flanders, Principal Skinner, Lenny Leonard, Kent Brockman, Reverend Lovejoy, and various others
Hank Azaria as Moe Szyslak, Chief Wiggum, Professor Frink, Comic Book Guy, Apu, Bumblebee Man and various others
Recurring
Pamela Hayden as Milhouse van Houten, Jimbo Jones and various others
Marcia Mitzman Gaven
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Simpsons%20%28season%2010%29
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The tenth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons was originally broadcast on the Fox network in the United States between August 23, 1998, and May 16, 1999. It contains twenty-three episodes, starting with "Lard of the Dance". The Simpsons is a satire of a middle-class American lifestyle epitomized by its family of the same name, which consists of Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa and Maggie. Set in the fictional city of Springfield, the show lampoons American culture, society, television, and many aspects of the human condition.
The showrunner for the tenth season was Mike Scully. Before production began, a salary dispute between the main cast members of The Simpsons and Fox arose. However, it was soon settled and the actors' salaries were raised to $125,000 per episode. In addition to the large Simpsons cast, many guest stars appeared in season ten, including Phil Hartman in his last appearance due to his death months earlier in May 1998.
Despite winning an Annie Award for "Outstanding Achievement in an Animated Television Program", season 10 has been cited by several critics as the beginning of the series' decline in quality. It ranked twenty-fifth in the season ratings with an average of 13.5 million viewers per episode. The tenth season DVD boxset was released in the United States and Canada on August 7, 2007. It is available in two different packagings.
Production
The tenth season was the second during which Mike Scully served as show runner (he had previously run the ninth season), with the season being produced by Gracie Films and 20th Century Fox Television. As show runner and executive producer, Scully headed the writing staff and oversaw all aspects of the show's production. However, as he told UltimateTV in January 1999, he did not "make any decisions without the staff's input. We have great staffs in all the departments from animation to writing. So I don't want to make it sound like a dictatorship." Scully was popular with the staff members, many of whom have praised his organization and management skills. Writer Tom Martin has said that he was "quite possibly the best boss I've ever worked for" and "a great manager of people". Scully's aim while running The Simpsons was to "not wreck the show". In addition to his role as show runner during the tenth season, he co-wrote the episode "Sunday, Cruddy Sunday".
In 1999, there were around sixteen staff writers working on The Simpsons. Many of them had written for the show for several years, including John Swartzwelder and George Meyer. The third episode of the tenth season, "Bart the Mother", was the last full-length episode written by David S. Cohen, a longtime writer on the show. He left to team up with The Simpsons creator Matt Groening to develop Futurama, a series on which he served as executive producer and head writer. The tenth season marked the full-time return of staff member Al Jean, who had departed from the show after the fourth season to create the animate
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Simpsons%20%28season%209%29
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The ninth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons originally aired on the Fox network between September 1997 and May 1998, beginning on Sunday, September 21, 1997, with "The City of New York vs. Homer Simpson". With Mike Scully as showrunner for the ninth production season, the aired season contained three episodes which were hold-over episodes from season eight, which Bill Oakley and Josh Weinstein ran, while the season was produced by Gracie Films and 20th Century Fox Television. It also contained two episodes which were run by David Mirkin, and another two hold-over episodes which were run by Al Jean and Mike Reiss.
Season nine won three Emmy Awards: "Trash of the Titans" for Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Animated Program (for Programming Less Than One Hour) in 1998, Hank Azaria won "Outstanding Voice-Over Performance" for the voice of Apu Nahasapeemapetilon, and Alf Clausen and Ken Keeler won the "Outstanding Music and Lyrics" award. Clausen was also nominated for "Outstanding Music Direction" and "Outstanding Music Composition for a Series (Dramatic Underscore)" for "Treehouse of Horror VIII". Season nine was also nominated for a "Best Network Television Series" award by the Saturn Awards and "Best Sound Editing" for a Golden Reel Award.
The Simpsons 9th Season DVD was released on December 19, 2006, in Region 1, January 29, 2007, in Region 2 and March 21, 2007, in Region 4. The DVD was released in two different forms: a Lisa-shaped head, to match the Maggie, Homer and Marge shaped heads from the three previous DVD sets, and also a standard rectangular shaped box. Like the previous DVD sets, both versions are available for sale separately.
Voice cast & characters
This is the last season to feature the character Lionel Hutz, voiced by Phil Hartman. Following Hartman's death on May 28, 1998, Hutz was retired along with Hartman's other recurring character Troy McClure; his final speaking role as Hutz was five months earlier, in the episode "Realty Bites", and has since occasionally appeared as a background character.
Main cast
Dan Castellaneta as Homer Simpson, Grampa Simpson, Krusty the Clown, Groundskeeper Willie, Barney Gumble, Santa's Little Helper, and various others
Julie Kavner as Marge Simpson, Patty Bouvier, Selma Bouvier and various others
Nancy Cartwright as Bart Simpson, Nelson Muntz, Ralph Wiggum and various others
Yeardley Smith as Lisa Simpson
Harry Shearer as Mr. Burns, Waylon Smithers, Ned Flanders, Principal Skinner, Lenny Leonard, Kent Brockman, Reverend Lovejoy, and various others
Hank Azaria as Moe Szyslak, Chief Wiggum, Professor Frink, Comic Book Guy, Apu, Bumblebee Man and various others
Recurring
Pamela Hayden as Milhouse van Houten, Jimbo Jones
Maggie Roswell as Maude Flanders, Helen Lovejoy and Miss Hoover
Russi Taylor as Martin Prince and Sherri and Terri
Tress MacNeille as Agnes Skinner
Marcia Wallace as Edna Krabappel
Frank Welker as various animals
Guest stars
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Simpsons%20%28season%208%29
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The eighth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons originally aired on the Fox network between October 27, 1996, and May 18, 1997, beginning with "Treehouse of Horror VII". The showrunners for the eighth production season were Bill Oakley and Josh Weinstein, while the season was produced by Gracie Films and 20th Century Fox Television. The aired season contained two episodes that were hold-over episodes from season seven, which Oakley and Weinstein also ran. It also contained two episodes for which Al Jean and Mike Reiss were the show runners.
The DVD box set was released in Region 1 on August 15, 2006, Region 2 on October 2, 2006, and Region 4 on September 27, 2006. The set was released in two different forms: a Maggie-shaped head to match the Homer and Marge shaped heads of the previous two sets and also a standard rectangular shaped box. Like the seventh season box set, both versions are available for sale separately.
Voice cast & characters
Main cast
Dan Castellaneta as Homer Simpson, Grampa Simpson, Krusty the Clown, Groundskeeper Willie, Barney Gumble, Santa's Little Helper, and various others
Julie Kavner as Marge Simpson, Patty Bouvier, Selma Bouvier and various others
Nancy Cartwright as Bart Simpson, Nelson Muntz, Ralph Wiggum and various others
Yeardley Smith as Lisa Simpson
Harry Shearer as Mr. Burns, Waylon Smithers, Ned Flanders, Principal Skinner, Lenny Leonard, Kent Brockman, Reverend Lovejoy, and various others
Hank Azaria as Moe Szyslak, Chief Wiggum, Professor Frink, Comic Book Guy, Apu, Bumblebee Man and various others
Recurring
Pamela Hayden as Milhouse van Houten, Jimbo Jones
Maggie Roswell as Maude Flanders, Helen Lovejoy and Miss Hoover
Russi Taylor as Martin Prince and Sherri and Terri
Tress MacNeille as Agnes Skinner
Marcia Wallace as Edna Krabappel
Frank Welker as Laddie, The Baboons, various animals
Guest stars
Phil Hartman as Bill Clinton, Troy McClure, and Lionel Hutz (various episodes)
Joe Mantegna as Fat Tony ("The Twisted World of Marge Simpson", "Homer vs. the Eighteenth Amendment")
Albert Brooks (credited as A. Brooks) as Hank Scorpio ("You Only Move Twice")
Sally Stevens as 'Scorpio' Singer (uncredited; "You Only Move Twice")
Paul Winfield as Lucius Sweet("The Homer They Fall")
Michael Buffer as himself ("The Homer They Fall")
Rodney Dangerfield as Larry Burns ("Burns, Baby Burns")
Jon Lovitz as Jay Sherman ("Hurricane Neddy")
Johnny Cash as the Space Coyote ("The Mysterious Voyage of Homer")
Leonard Nimoy as himself("The Springfield Files")
Gillian Anderson as Dana Scully("The Springfield Files")
David Duchovny as Fox Mulder ("The Springfield Files")
Jack Lemmon as Frank Ormand ("The Twisted World of Marge Simpson")
Maggie Roswell as Shary Bobbins ("Simpsoncalifragilisticexpiala(Annoyed Grunt)cious")
Alex Rocco as Roger Meyers, Jr("The Itchy & Scratchy & Poochie Show")
John Waters as John ("Homer's Phobia")
Kelsey Grammer as Sideshow Bob("Brother from A
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Simpsons%20%28season%207%29
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The seventh season of the American animated television series The Simpsons originally aired on the Fox network between September 17, 1995, and May 19, 1996. The show runners for the seventh production season were Bill Oakley and Josh Weinstein who would executive produce 21 episodes this season. David Mirkin executive produced the remaining four, including two hold overs that were produced for the previous season. The season was nominated for two Primetime Emmy Awards, including Outstanding Animated Program and won an Annie Award for Best Animated Television Program. The DVD box set was released in Region 1 on December 13, 2005, Region 2 on January 30, 2006, and Region 4 on March 22, 2006. The set was released in two different forms: a Marge-shaped box and also a standard rectangular-shaped box in which the theme is a movie premiere.
Production
The season was the first season executively produced by Bill Oakley and Josh Weinstein, who had written episodes for previous seasons. They were chosen partly because they had been with the show since the third season and understood many of its dynamics. When they took over the series they wanted many of the episodes to be realistic ones that focused more on the five members of the Simpson family, exploring their feelings and emotions towards each other. They also wanted to produce a Treehouse of Horror episode, episodes about Sideshow Bob, Itchy & Scratchy and several "format-bending" episodes such as "22 Short Films About Springfield". Their preferred choice of guest stars were those with unique and interesting voices, and several of their guest stars were "old grizzled men with distinctive voices" such as R. Lee Ermey, Donald Sutherland, Kirk Douglas and Lawrence Tierney.
David Mirkin, who had been executive producer for the previous two seasons, was credited as a consulting producer for the seventh season but also executive produced the episodes "Who Shot Mr. Burns? (Part Two)", "Radioactive Man", "Lisa the Vegetarian" and "Team Homer". Steve Tompkins, Dan Greaney, Richard Appel and Rachel Pulido received their first writing credits while Spike Feresten and Jack Barth received their only writing credits this season. Although the majority of the writing staff stayed on for the next season, both Greg Daniels and Brent Forrester received their last writing credits during season seven. Jon Vitti, who had left following the fourth season, returned to write "Home Sweet Homediddly-Dum-Doodily" as well as "The Simpsons 138th Episode Spectacular". Wes Archer, a long-time director for The Simpsons who helped define the look of the show, left following this season. Dominic Polcino and Mike B. Anderson, who had previously worked on the show as part of the animation staff, both directed their first episodes.
Doris Grau, script supervisor for the show and voice of Lunchlady Doris died on December 30, 1995. The episode "Team Homer", which aired eight days later, was one of the last episodes to feature her voice a
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Simpsons%20%28season%206%29
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The sixth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons originally aired on the Fox network between September 4, 1994, and May 21, 1995, and consists of 25 episodes. The Simpsons is an animated series about a working class family, which consists of Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa, and Maggie. The show is set in the fictional city of Springfield, and lampoons American culture, society, television and many aspects of the human condition. Season 6 was the highest rated season of the series.
The showrunner for the sixth production season was David Mirkin who executive-produced 23 episodes. Former showrunners Al Jean and Mike Reiss produced the remaining two; they produced the two episodes with the staff of The Critic, the show they left The Simpsons to create. This was done in order to relieve some of the stress The Simpsons writing staff endured, as they felt that producing 25 episodes in one season was too much. The episode "A Star Is Burns" caused some controversy among the staff, with Matt Groening removing his name from the episode's credits, as he saw it as blatant advertising for The Critic, which Fox had picked up for a second season after being cancelled by ABC and with which Groening had no involvement. Fox moved The Simpsons back to its original Sunday night timeslot from season 1, having aired on Thursdays from season 2 through season 5. It has remained in this slot ever since. The sixth season won one Primetime Emmy Award (for the episode "Lisa's Wedding"), and received three additional nominations. It also won the Annie Award for Best Animated Television Production.
The Complete Sixth Season DVD was released in the United States on August 16, 2005, September 28, 2005, in Australia, and October 17, 2005, in the United Kingdom. The set featured a plastic "clam-shell" Homer-head design and received many complaints. In the United States, the set contained a slip of paper informing purchasers how to request alternate packaging — which consisted of a case-sleeve in a similar style to the standard box design — for only a shipping and handling fee.
Production
David Mirkin served as showrunner and executive producer for season six, having worked in the same capacity on the previous season, while the season was produced by Gracie Films and 20th Century Fox Television. Due to Fox's demand for 25 episodes for the season, which the writers felt was impossible to achieve, former showrunners Mike Reiss and Al Jean returned to produce two episodes ("A Star Is Burns" and 'Round Springfield") with the staff of their show The Critic, to relieve some of the stress on The Simpsons writing staff.
David Cohen, Jonathan Collier, Jennifer Crittenden, Brent Forrester, Ken Keeler, Bob Kushell, David Sacks, Mike Scully, Joshua Sternin, and Jennifer Ventimilia all received their first writing credits during season six. Steven Dean Moore and Swinton O. Scott III received their first directing credit. Other credited writers included Greg Daniels, Dan
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