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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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ComRAT can use SSL/TLS encryption for its HTTP-based C2 channel. ComRAT has used public key cryptography with RSA and AES encrypted email attachments for its Gmail C2 channel.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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Cyclops Blink can encrypt C2 messages with AES-256-CBC sent underneath TLS. OpenSSL library functions are also used to encrypt each message using a randomly generated key and IV, which are then encrypted using a hard-coded RSA public key.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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DarkWatchman can use TLS to encrypt its C2 channel.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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Doki has used the embedTLS library for network communications.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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Dridex has encrypted traffic with RSA.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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Emotet is known to use RSA keys for encrypting C2 traffic.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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Empire can use TLS to encrypt its C2 channel.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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It used the Plink command-line utility to create SSH tunnels to C2 servers.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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It has used the Plink utility to tunnel RDP back to C2 infrastructure.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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Gazer uses custom encryption for C2 that uses RSA.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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GoldMax has RSA-encrypted its communication with the C2 server.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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Grandoreiro can use SSL in C2 communication.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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GreyEnergy encrypts communications using RSA-2048.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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GrimAgent can use a hardcoded server public RSA key to encrypt the first request to C2.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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Hi-Zor encrypts C2 traffic with TLS.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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IcedID has used SSL and TLS in communications with C2.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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KEYPLUG can use TLS-encrypted WebSocket Protocol (WSS) for C2.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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Koadic can use SSL and TLS for communications.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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Kobalos's authentication and key exchange is performed using RSA-512.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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It has used TLS-encrypted FTP to exfiltrate data.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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Metamorfo's C2 communication has been encrypted using OpenSSL.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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Mythic supports SSL encrypted C2.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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It used the Plink utility and other tools to create tunnels to C2 servers.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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During Operation Wocao, threat actors' proxy implementation "Agent" upgraded the socket in use to a TLS socket.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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Pay2Key has used RSA encrypted communications with C2.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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Penquin can encrypt communications using the BlowFish algorithm and a symmetric key exchanged with Diffie Hellman.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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PoetRAT used TLS to encrypt command and control (C2) communications.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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POSHSPY encrypts C2 traffic with AES and RSA.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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POWERSTATS has encrypted C2 traffic with RSA.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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Pupy's default encryption for its C2 communication channel is SSL, but it also has transport options for RSA and AES.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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REvil has encrypted C2 communications with the ECIES algorithm.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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Rising Sun variants can use SSL for encrypting C2 communications.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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Sardonic has the ability to send a random 64-byte RC4 key to communicate with actor-controlled C2 servers by using an RSA public key.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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ServHelper may set up a reverse SSH tunnel to give the attacker access to services running on the victim, such as RDP.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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Sliver can use mutual TLS and RSA cryptography to exchange a session key.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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Small Sieve can use SSL/TLS for its HTTPS Telegram Bot API-based C2 channel.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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SodaMaster can use a hardcoded RSA key to encrypt some of its C2 traffic.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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SombRAT can SSL encrypt C2 traffic.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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StrongPity has encrypted C2 traffic using SSL/TLS.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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Sykipot uses SSL for encrypting C2 communications.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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It has used TLS encrypted C2 communications including for campaigns using AsyncRAT.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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TinyIt has the ability to encrypt C2 traffic with SSL/TLS.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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Tor encapsulates traffic in multiple layers of encryption, using TLS by default.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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Trojan.Karagany can secure C2 communications with SSL and TLS.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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It has used SSL to connect to C2 servers.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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Uroburos has used a combination of a Diffie-Hellman key exchange mixed with a pre-shared key (PSK) to encrypt its top layer of C2 communications.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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Some Volgmer variants use SSL to encrypt C2 communications.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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WannaCry uses Tor for command and control traffic and routes a custom cryptographic protocol over the Tor circuit.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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WellMail can use hard coded client and certificate authority certificates to communicate with C2 over mutual TLS.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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WellMess can communicate to C2 with mutual TLS where client and server mutually check certificates.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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Woody RAT can use RSA-4096 to encrypt data sent to its C2 server.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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XTunnel uses SSL/TLS and RC4 to encrypt traffic.
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Encrypted Channel:Asymmetric Cryptography
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Zebrocy uses SSL and AES ECB for encrypting C2 communications.
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Fallback Channels
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Anchor can use secondary C2 servers for communication after establishing connectivity and relaying victim information to primary C2 servers.
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Fallback Channels
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AppleSeed can use a second channel for C2 when the primary channel is in upload mode.
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Fallback Channels
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It used the Steam community page as a fallback mechanism for C2.
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Fallback Channels
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Bazar has the ability to use an alternative C2 server if the primary server fails.
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Fallback Channels
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BISCUIT malware contains a secondary fallback command and control server that is contacted after the primary command and control server.
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Fallback Channels
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BlackEnergy has the capability to communicate over a backup channel via plus.google.com.
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Fallback Channels
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Bumblebee can use backup C2 servers if the primary server fails.
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Fallback Channels
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Cardinal RAT can communicate over multiple C2 host and port combinations.
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Fallback Channels
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CharmPower can change its C2 channel once every 360 loops by retrieving a new domain from the actors’ S3 bucket.
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Fallback Channels
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CHOPSTICK can switch to a new C2 channel if the current one is broken.
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Fallback Channels
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Crutch has used a hardcoded GitHub repository as a fallback channel.
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Fallback Channels
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Derusbi uses a backup communication method with an HTTP beacon.
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Fallback Channels
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DustySky has two hard-coded domains for C2 servers; if the first does not respond, it will try the second.
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Fallback Channels
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Ebury has implemented a fallback mechanism to begin using a DGA when the attacker hasn't connected to the infected system for three days.
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Fallback Channels
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Exaramel for Linux can attempt to find a new C2 server if it receives an error.
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Fallback Channels
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FatDuke has used several C2 servers per targeted organization.
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Fallback Channels
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It's Harpy backdoor malware can use DNS as a backup channel for C2 if HTTP fails.
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Fallback Channels
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Gelsemium can use multiple domains and protocols in C2.
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Fallback Channels
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HOPLIGHT has multiple C2 channels in place in case one fails.
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Fallback Channels
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InvisiMole has been configured with several servers available for alternate C2 communications.
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Fallback Channels
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JHUHUGIT tests if it can reach its C2 server by first attempting a direct connection, and if it fails, obtaining proxy settings and sending the connection through a proxy, and finally injecting code into a running browser if the proxy method fails.
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Fallback Channels
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Kazuar can accept multiple URLs for C2 servers.
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Fallback Channels
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Kevin can assign hard-coded fallback domains for C2.
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Fallback Channels
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Kwampirs uses a large list of C2 servers that it cycles through until a successful connection is established.
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Fallback Channels
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It malware SierraAlfa sends data to one of the hard-coded C2 servers chosen at random, and if the transmission fails, chooses a new C2 server to attempt the transmission again.
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Fallback Channels
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Linfo creates a backdoor through which remote attackers can change C2 servers.
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Fallback Channels
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It has sent data over HTTP if FTP failed, and has also used a fallback server.
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Fallback Channels
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MiniDuke uses Google Search to identify C2 servers if its primary C2 method via Twitter is not working.
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Fallback Channels
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Mis-Type first attempts to use a Base64-encoded network protocol over a raw TCP socket for C2, and if that method fails, falls back to a secondary HTTP-based protocol to communicate to an alternate C2 server.
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Fallback Channels
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Mythic can use a list of C2 URLs as fallback mechanisms in case one IP or domain gets blocked.
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Fallback Channels
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NETEAGLE will attempt to detect if the infected host is configured to a proxy. If so, NETEAGLE will send beacons via an HTTP POST request; otherwise it will send beacons via UDP/6000.
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Fallback Channels
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During Night Dragon, threat actors used company extranet servers as secondary C2 servers.
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Fallback Channels
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It malware ISMAgent falls back to its DNS tunneling mechanism if it is unable to reach the C2 server over HTTP.
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Fallback Channels
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PipeMon can switch to an alternate C2 domain when a particular date has been reached.
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Fallback Channels
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QUADAGENT uses multiple protocols (HTTPS, HTTP, DNS) for its C2 server as fallback channels if communication with one is unsuccessful.
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Fallback Channels
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QUIETEXIT can attempt to connect to a second hard-coded C2 if the first hard-coded C2 address fails.
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Fallback Channels
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RainyDay has the ability to switch between TCP and HTTP for C2 if one method is not working.
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Fallback Channels
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RDAT has used HTTP if DNS C2 communications were not functioning.
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Fallback Channels
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S-Type primarily uses port 80 for C2, but falls back to ports 443 or 8080 if initial communication fails.
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Fallback Channels
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Shark can update its configuration to use a different C2 server.
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Fallback Channels
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ShimRat has used a secondary C2 location if the first was unavailable.
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Fallback Channels
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SideTwist has primarily used port 443 for C2 but can use port 80 as a fallback.
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Fallback Channels
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SslMM has a hard-coded primary and backup C2 string.
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Fallback Channels
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Stuxnet has the ability to generate new C2 domains.
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Fallback Channels
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TAINTEDSCRIBE can randomly pick one of five hard-coded IP addresses for C2 communication; if one of the IP fails, it will wait 60 seconds and then try another IP address.
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Fallback Channels
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TinyIt can go through a list of C2 server IPs and will try to register with each until one responds.
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Fallback Channels
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TrickBot can use secondary C2 servers for communication after establishing connectivity and relaying victim information to primary C2 servers.
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