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a stackable network unit comprises a β down β port and an β up β port , an arbitration path for data packets from the down port to the up port , a repeat path for data packets from the up port to the down port , a link detector for detecting tile absence of another operative unit connected to the down port to cause data packets on the return pat to bypass the down port and proceed on the arbitration path and for detecting the absence of another operative unit connected to the up port to cause data packets on the arbitration path to bypass the up port and proceed on the repeat path . | 7Electricity
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an optical disk drive having a laser source for irradiating an optical beam onto an optical disk , a lens unit to focus the optical beam from the laser source onto the optical disk , a drive unit for driving the lens unit , and a high - frequency signal output unit for producing a high - frequency signal . the drive unit drives the lens unit by applying the high - frequency signal before the optical disk is started to reproduce , and drives it without applying the high - frequency signal after the optical disk is started to reproduce . thus , it is possible to effectively control the aberration correction mechanism using a linear actuator . | 6Physics
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a crystallization tray includes a plurality of crystallization cells , each cell having a reservoir adapted to receive an equilibrating solution , a shelf located adjacent to the reservoir and adapted for use as a temporary cryogenic holding area for a crystallized substance and / or a sample holding area , and a sample drop receptacle carried by the shelf and adapted to receive a sample drop including a crystallizable substance . a related method for forming macromolecular crystals includes dispensing an equilibrating solution in the reservoirs , dispensing a plurality of macromolecular solution droplets in the sample drop receptacles , covering the cells with a cover ; and crystallizing the crystallizable substance by vapor diffusion . | 2Chemistry; Metallurgy
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a self - mountable , self - contained and encapsulated rectifier assembly operative to provide a high d . c . voltage at low current while minimizing arcing , corona and other disruptive electrical phenomena . | 7Electricity
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addition - curable encapsulants for electrical and electronic components contain amorphous glass particles doped with silver , and are efficient scavengers of sulfur and sulfur compounds . | 2Chemistry; Metallurgy
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an imaging lens having a two - group , two - lens - element construction is disclosed that is formed of , in order from the object side without any intervening lens elements : an aperture stop ; a first lens element of positive refractive power with its surface on the object side being aspherical and convex near the optical axis and its surface on the image side being aspherical and either convex or concave near the optical axis ; and a second lens element of positive refractive power with its surface on the object side being aspherical and convex near the optical axis and its surface on the image side being aspherical and concave near the optical axis but convex toward the periphery . specified conditions are satisfied in order to reduce various aberrations and provide a sufficient back focus for the insertion of other optical elements . | 6Physics
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high - precision observation is made possible while allowing contact between a distal end of an objective lens and an optical element without damaging the distal end of the objective lens and the optical element even when attaching to and detaching from the distal end of the objective lens . provided is an objective lens adapter including a fixed member that is fixed to a lens tube of an objective lens , a distal - end member including an optical element that is made to be placed in contact with the distal - end surface of the objective lens , and an elastic member that is disposed between the distal - end member and the fixed member and that urges the optical element in a direction that causes the optical element to contact the distal - end surface of the objective lens . | 0Human Necessities
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a method and device are provided for reading data from a trace cache in a manner that reduces the time and power consumed by such an operation . a mini - tag is provided for comparing to a requested address to reduce the amount of data that must be read . mini - tag read and compare operations may be performed in parallel to a full tag read operation , and a data read operation of only the data identified by a matching mini - tag may be performed in parallel to a full tag compare operation . a victim selection method for writing data into the trace cache is used to maintain the uniqueness of the mini - tags . | 6Physics
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the field of the present invention relates to improved cosmeceuticals capable of stimulating the growth of hair , e . g ., natural eyelashes , in a human subject . more specifically , the present invention relates to delivery devices that provide for effective , targeted application of a therapeutically effective amount of the improved cosmeceuticals . importantly , the targeted application helps to limit and / or eliminate concerns about the cosmeceutical active ingredient effecting unintended areas of the body . | 0Human Necessities
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a video compression process speeds the optimal choice of quantizers for compressing a data stream by setting up the optimization problem as a path - optimization problem in configuration space and finding the lowest cost path through the configuration space . the process begins with a starting node and propagates least - cost waves through the space until a path is completed to the end . the process may continue using uncompleted paths while their costs are less than the end state , beginning with the lowest cost incomplete path , until an improved path is found . the process may further continue , for a time constrained process , until time runs out or all useful possibilities are exhausted . | 7Electricity
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a method of making a probe having a cantilever and a tip include providing a substrate having a surface and forming a tip extending substantially orthogonally from the surface . the method includes depositing an etch stop layer on the substrate , whereby the etch stop layer protects the tip during process . a silicon nitride layer is then deposited on the etch stop layer . an etch operation is used to release the cantilever and expose the etch stop layer protecting the tip . preferably , the tip is silicon and the cantilever supporting the tip , preferably via the etch stop layer , is silicon nitride . a probe for a surface analysis instrument made according to the method includes a tip and a silicon nitride cantilever having a thickness defined during the deposition process . | 8General tagging of new or cross-sectional technology
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the invention relates to a hydraulic multiposition valve , in particular a valve for selecting the steering modes of vehicles with multi - axle steering , having one or more position - seat valves , which have at least two switching positions and which communicate via lines for the hydraulic medium with one another and with a number of controlled connections in such a manner that the desired switching positions of the multiposition valve can be selected by the actuation of the seat valves ; and having an actuating arrangement for actuating the seat valves ; the actuating arrangement can be locked in detent fashion in the switching positions of the multiposition valve . | 5Mechanical Engineering; Lightning; Heating; Weapons; Blasting
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a locking key ring for supporting keys and for preventing the unauthorized removal and duplication of the keys . the locking key ring carries identification and instructions to contact the identified party prior to copying the keys thereby reducing the risk of unauthorized duplication . the locking key ring comprises a cylinder lock assembly adapted to receive a shackle in the form of a key ring . removal of the keys from the key ring is not permitted unless the lock cylinder releases the key ring . this is accomplished through use of an operating key which matingly engages the lock cylinder . the cylinder housing carries identifying inscription and instructions for a locksmith to receive authorization prior to making copies of the keys . | 4Fixed Constructions
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a capacitor of a semiconductor memory of the present invention includes : a lower electrode which covers the surface of a storage node hole from the bottom to at least one of the sidewalls up to a level lower than the top surface of a second interlayer insulating film ; a capacitive insulating film which covers the lower electrode ; and an upper electrode which covers the capacitive insulating film . | 7Electricity
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a strobe light mounting system for underwater cameras with arm segments clamped together with side clamps that grasp balls on the ends of the arm segments . the arm segments are rigid , light , and low in water resistance because they have four longitudinal channels pierced by mutually orthogonal transverse holes of large diameter so that longitudinal ribs are preserved at the maximum diameter of the arm segment . water flows easily through the orthogonal holes permitting easy movement underwater . | 6Physics
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a process is described for the preparation of compounds with the following formula where the groups are as defined below ; in particular , r 1 is a substituted amine ; said process includes essentially the reaction of pyrrolobenzothiazepin - 9 - one with amine r 1 h to give the corresponding enamine , which is subsequently transformed into the final compound . | 2Chemistry; Metallurgy
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a recording playback device employing an endless tape loop as the recording media . in response to a tone signal recorded on the tape , a simple mechanism provides a fast forward operation mode to return the recording tape to its beginning . | 6Physics
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provided are polycarbosilane and a method of producing the same . the polycarbosilane contains an allyl group , and thus can be cured by uv absorption when not exposed to the air . | 2Chemistry; Metallurgy
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in 12 - pulse and 18 - pulse ac / dc converter systems a single wye connected auto transformer using appropriate segments of voltage from each phase connected in fork fashion is used to develop 6 - phase and 9 - phase voltages in a symmetrical manner such that inherent compensation is made for the dc converter output voltage to be within 4 . 2 % of that of a 6 - pulse converter . additional design adjustments for step - up or step - down of voltage can be made without compromising the transformer symmetry . an unconnected but closed delta winding provides a path in which third harmonic currents , and multiples thereof can flow . | 7Electricity
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a bag capable of displaying and protecting an item during shipping , transportation , handling and / or display . the bag is fabricated from at least one sheet of material which is formed into a tubular sheath having a heat - sealable bonding material disposed solely on portions of the tubular sheath of material so as to bondingly hold the tubular sheath of material in a bag - like configuration . the portions of the tubular sheath having the heat - sealable bonding material thereon may be configured as either lap or fin seals or combinations thereof . there is also provided methods for producing such a bag and methods for its use . | 1Performing Operations; Transporting
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a power sheet punching apparatus is provided in which a reversing drive operates initially to drive punches through a stack of sheets and thereafter to reverse direction of the drive to withdraw the punches from the sheets . should the drive be insufficient to drive the punches through the sheets and a jam occurs , an automatic timer operates to thereafter stop the drive and reverse the drive to withdraw the punches from the sheets , thereby providing an automatic non - jamming punch mechanism . | 8General tagging of new or cross-sectional technology
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a method for at least partially de - icing an aircraft by applying a de - icing fluid through a nozzle is disclosed . the method involves the steps of : measuring a distance to an outside surface of the aircraft , applying the distance in an evaluation , controlling the position and / or the orientation of the nozzle according to the evaluation , and applying the de - icing fluid at least a part of the outside surface trough the nozzle . in addition , a system for performing the de - icing method is also revealed . | 1Performing Operations; Transporting
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the invention relates to purinergic receptors , to detection of protein in extra - cellular body fluids and to anti - bodies for the diagnosis or condition , especially cancer . | 6Physics
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this invention relates to a rotatable cylindrical magnetron sputtering apparatus and related process . more specifically , the invention relates to a cylindrical target assembly for a cylindrical magnetron sputtering device which includes a target portion where the target portion is metal , metal oxide , or ceramic and is not bonded to any backing tube . instead , the cylindrical target is resiliently , yet fixedly mounted to the backing tube by a multiplicity of resilient , yieldable contacts . the assembly allows the target portion to heat up uniformly and expand , thereby allowing the cylindrical magnetron to operate at increased power levels . | 7Electricity
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a preamplifier device employing electron tubes wherein the preamplifier has tremolo / vibrato circuits independent from reverb circuits allowing continuously variable control of either tremolo or vibrato effects simultaneous with continuously variable control of the reverb effect . a mixer control for controlling the level of reverb and a tone control is provided . connections are provided for external switches used to disable any one of the above effects . | 7Electricity
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a method in a plasma processing system for etching a feature through a dielectric layer of a dual damascene stack on a semiconductor substrate is disclosed . the method includes placing the substrate in a plasma processing chamber of the plasma processing system . the method further includes flowing an etchant gas mixture into the plasma processing chamber , the etchant gas mixture being configured to etch the dielectric layer . the method additionally includes striking a plasma from the etchant source gas . the method also includes etching the feature through the dielectric layer while applying a bias rf signal to the substrate , the bias rf signal having a bias rf frequency of between about 27 mhz and about 90 mhz . the bias rf signal further has a bias rf power component that is configured to cause the feature to be etched in accordance to predefined etch rate parameters and etch profile parameters at the bias rf frequency . | 7Electricity
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a bidirectional hydraulic drilling jar includes an elongated mandrel telescopingly disposed within a body and defining spaced apart fluid chambers separated by a restricted bore portion of the body . the mandrel is provided with spaced apart positive mechanical seal assemblies engageable with the restricted bore portion to form a hydraulic dashpot to retard movement of the mandrel in each direction over a limited stroke length so that the spring tension or weight of the drill stem may become effective to deliver an impact blow when the seal assemblies move out of sealing engagement with the restriction . back - to - back check valves are arranged to bridge the respective seal assemblies to reduce the length of stroke required to cock and trip the jar in each direction . a separate orifice or flow restricting passage is provided across the seal assemblies so that the retarding effect is independent of coacting seal surfaces between the mandrel and the jar body . rotary driving torque and impacting in the upward direction are absorbed by a replaceable mandrel sleeve member . the positive mechanical seals include a spiral cylindrical seal ring which is backed on its inner diameter by a piston ring type seal member so that a radially expandable substantially zero gap seal is provided between the opposed fluid chambers when the seal assembly is effectively engaged with the bore restriction in the body . | 4Fixed Constructions
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a method and system for detecting and reporting storage hardware failure prediction is disclosed . the method and system provide a standardized mechanism for any type of storage device to predict and report storage failures . this includes smart scsi devices , smart ata / atapi devices , non - smart scsi devices , non - smart ata / atapi devices , proprietary storage devices , and others such as cd - rom drives , dvd roms , tape drives , and ram disks . a device driver obtains failure prediction status information and propagates it to a management application . the information may be propagated via a failure prediction filter driver used to perform statistical analysis or proprietary access to the hardware . in a windows operating environment , information is propagated from the device driver through a windows management instrumentation component . the windows management instrumentation component bridges the gap across user mode and kernel mode , thereby allowing management applications in user mode to obtain information from device drivers residing in kernel mode . a standardized set of apis is provided for performing storage device failure prediction . | 7Electricity
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a method of increasing the selectivity of silicon nitride deposition . a substrate is provided . a silicon oxide layer is formed over a portion of the substrate . ammonia nh 3 is passed over the silicon oxide layer and the substrate surface for a definite period to perform a surface treatment . silicon nitride is subsequently deposited over the substrate and the silicon oxide layer . | 7Electricity
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silylketene acetals , including &# 34 ; living &# 34 ; gtp polymers , are acylated or sulfonylated in the presence of gtp - effective catalysts with acyl or sulfonyl compounds to produce Ξ² - ketoesters or Ξ² - sulfonylesters ; polymeric products , including capped , coupled and chain - extended polymers and block copolymers can be prepared . | 2Chemistry; Metallurgy
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spoilage of heat - sterilized liquid food products is reduced by preparing the liquid food product , prior to sterilization , by mixing an enzymatically - modified phospholipid composition , particularly an enzymatically - modified phospholipid composition having a degree of conversion of greater than 90 %, with the liquid food product . liquid food products which may be so treated include , in particular , coffee , tea , or cocoa beverage - component solids which provide beverage products . additionally , an enzymatically hydrolyzed phospholipid composition having a degree of conversion greater than 90 % may be obtained by hydrolyzing phospholipids in an aqueous medium , wherein the amount of water is greater than one part per part phospholipids , under agitated conditions so that a degree of conversion greater than 90 % is obtained . | 0Human Necessities
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the steering wheel of an automobile is locked against unauthorized use by a pair of half housings that are secured together by a deadbolt which may be actuated by a remotely controlled electronic alarm and motor . | 8General tagging of new or cross-sectional technology
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a method for manufacturing a mineral fiber product includes establishing a stream of mineral fibers , directing polymeric fibers toward the stream of mineral fibers to cause intermingling of the polymeric material , and applying heat to the polymer fibers so that some of them become softened to the extent that they lose their fibrous form and become attached to the mineral fibers as non - fibrous particles , whereas some of the polymer fibers retain their fibrous form . | 2Chemistry; Metallurgy
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an apparatus for temporarily attaching an rfid device to a mobile object , includes an rfid tag comprising an enclosure , attachment mechanism , handles , and an rfid device . the handles may be rotatable between a stowed position and a deployed position . the attachment mechanism may comprise magnets , which are used to attach the rfid tag to a metal support surface . | 6Physics
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a lubrication system for a fan drive gear system includes a main lubrication system and an auxiliary lubrication system . the auxiliary lubrication system including a collection channel disposed about the fan drive gear system for collecting expelled lubricant and an auxiliary pump including an inlet receiving lubricant from the collection channel and an outlet in communication with an auxiliary passage . the auxiliary pump supplies lubricant through the auxiliary passages to a bearing passage for communicating lubricant to a bearing . the auxiliary passages include a reservoir after the outlet of the auxiliary pump and before the bearing passage for storing lubricant . | 5Mechanical Engineering; Lightning; Heating; Weapons; Blasting
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a method of manufacturing a composite sandwich structure , the method comprising a preform assembly method . the method comprises providing a preform comprising at least two sheets connected by a plurality of extensible threads , and affixing to the outer face of each sheet , a face sheet . the adhesion is by a film adhesive placed over the respective sheets , and the preform is subjected to pressure or heat to set the film adhesive . the method further comprises a method of molding a composite sandwich structure , the method comprising placing a preform in a mold , creating pressure differentials between respective chambers within the mold , feeding a resinous compound into the mold , and allowing the resinous compound to set and cure . the invention also provides composite sandwich structures made in accordance with the methods . | 1Performing Operations; Transporting
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members are welded together by indirect application of heat , as for welding internal battery posts for connecting groups of plates or terminal posts electrically , through the use of a plurality of heated elements simultaneously engaging posts to be welded together , and wherein the configuration of molten material is controlled as the weld cools , by the use of a templet . the elements are heated , preferably by application of open flame through a plurality of mixing systems for the fuel , with one system being provided for each heated element . | 8General tagging of new or cross-sectional technology
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in an embodiment , a method for finding duplex mismatches in a copper based network , includes : detecting late collisions and cyclic redundancy check errors ; if a port is in auto - negotiation and up in half - duplex and over threshold late collisions have been detected , then informing the user of a duplex mismatch and suggesting to the user to set the port to full duplex ; and if the port is in forced full - duplex mode and over threshold crc errors have been detected , then informing the user of a duplex mismatch and suggesting to the user to set the port to auto - negotiations mode . | 7Electricity
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a method of communicating between a base band unit and a plurality of remote radio heads includes the steps of receiving a first signal through an antenna in a first remote radio head , transmitting the first signal to a second remote radio head through a digital radio interface , receiving a second signal through an antenna in the second remote radio head , compensating for a delay accrued in the first signal , adding the first signal and the second signal to obtain a resulting signal , and transmitting the resulting signal to a base band unit through a digital radio interface . | 7Electricity
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a method for curtain coating a moving web is described , wherein the total amount of the coating liquids and of the lateral flow liquid , added perpendicular to the lateral extension of the curtain , is deposited on the moving web under formation of only a minimally thickened bead , wherein there is no need to separate the lateral flow liquid before impingement on the moving web . the corresponding device incorporates in the edge guides a groove having incorporated , in its surface , channels parallel to the direction of the falling curtain . the curtain is stabilized with the lateral flow liquid which is supplied to the groove , the real guide surface of the curtain , perpendicular to the lateral extension of the curtain . | 8General tagging of new or cross-sectional technology
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circuit configurations designed for use with public telephones to provide standard telephone functions with higher reliability , lower cost , and lower packaging densities , include first and second channel means for providing both transmit and receive multiplexing control , a one - wire compatible user interface , and embedded pic microcontroller for both digital control and monitoring of analog measurement and multiplexing circuits , and bitstream format conversion techniques . | 7Electricity
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1 , 9 - dihydroxyoctahydroquinolines and 1 - hydroxyhexahydrobenzoquinoline - 9 - ones , useful as antiemetic agents and derivatives thereof having the formulae ## str1 ## wherein r is hydroxy or alkanoyloxy having from one to five carbon atoms ; r 1 is hydrogen , benzyl , benzoyl , alkanoyl having from one to five carbon atoms or -- co -- p -- nr 2 r 3 wherein p is 0 or an integer from 1 to 4 ; each of r 2 and r 3 when taken individually is hydrogen or alkyl having from one to four carbon atoms ; r 2 and r 3 when taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 5 - or 6 - membered heterocyclic ring ; r 4 is hydrogen , alkyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and -- z -- c 6 h 5 wherein z is an integer from 1 to 4 ; r 5 is hydrogen , methyl or ethyl ; r 6 is hydrogen , -- y -- carbalkoxy having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkoxy group wherein y is 0 or an integer from 1 to 4 ; carbobenzyloxy , formyl , alkanoyl having from two to five carbon atoms , alkyl having from one to six carbon atoms ; -- x -- c 6 h 5 wherein x is an integer from 1 to 4 ; and -- co x - 1 -- c 6 h 5 ; z is alkylene having from one to nine carbon atoms ; -- m -- x -- n -- wherein each of and is alkylene having from one to nine carbon atoms , with the proviso that the summation of carbon atoms in plus is not greater than 9 ; each of m and n is 0 or 1 ; x is o , s , so or so 2 ; and w is hydrogen , methyl , ## str2 ## wherein w 1 is hydrogen , chloro or fluoro ; pyridyl , piperidyl , cycloalkyl having from 3 to 7 carbon atoms , or monosubstituted cycloalkyl wherein the substituent is ## str3 ## wherein w 2 is hydrogen , chloro or fluoro ; and pharmaceutically - acceptable acid addition salts of compounds of formulae i and ii and the ketals of compounds of formula ii wherein the ketal moiety has from two to four carbon atoms . | 2Chemistry; Metallurgy
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a method and apparatus which protects software against unauthorized use which is bound to at least one certain hardware device . the hardware device includes unique hardware identification sequences like unique hardware numbers / addresses , serial numbers or other embedded hardware characterization sequences . a special license key has to be passed to the software at the first activation . the license key contains among other things encrypted hardware identification sequences which are compared with the read out sequences of the accessible hardware devices . the use of the software features is permitted if the sequences match . | 6Physics
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methods for improving video images by making real - time gamma correction adjustments to such images are described . more particularly , gamma correction adjustments may be optimized for each individual frame of a video image by first segregating the pixels of an image according to brightness . the segregated pixels may then be used in computing weighting calculations , which modify the transfer functions used for image display . in some embodiments , the video signal may be conditioned between the standard gamma curve and the s - shaped gamma curve used in mapping video signal input to intensity output . in this manner , frame - to - frame gamma correction adjustments can be made , thereby optimizing the resulting image . related systems for making frame - to - frame gamma correction adjustments are also described . | 7Electricity
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novel fabric conditioners based on pyridine carboxylic acid esters or amides are described . the compounds are effective fabric conditioners and are biodegradable . compositions including the compounds and a method of using the compositions are also described . | 2Chemistry; Metallurgy
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an illumination system is described that efficiently produces linear polarized light for use in lcd projection . a polarizing beam splitter and half - wave retarder plate produce two adjacent collimated beams of light having a common polarization direction . these adjacent beams are spatially integrated into a single collimated polarized beam whose aspect ratio is subsequently converted to match that of the lcd format . | 6Physics
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the present invention concerns process for obtaining melamine at high purity characterized by comprising the steps of :β quenching a melamine melt , deprived of off - gases of the melamine synthesis and containing melamine impurities such as ammeline , ammelide and polycondensates , with an aqueous solution comprising ammonia under conditions such to substantially convert polycondensates into melamine , obtaining a melamine solution substantially free of polycondensates , recovering melamine from said melamine solution by melamine crystallization , obtaining melamine crystals and a melamine crystallization mother liquor ,β treating said crystallization melamine mother liquor under conditions such to convert at least a portion of its ammeline content into ammelide and melammine , obtaining a treated mother liquid having at least a reduced ammeline content . the invention also concerns a high - pressure non - catalytic plant for the production of high - purity melamine implementing the above process and apparatuses suitable to be used in this plant . | 1Performing Operations; Transporting
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in a storage cell array , a first and a second line are provided which have a crossing point , at which a storage element with magnetoresistive effect is disposed . a yoke is provided which surrounds one of the lines and that contains magnetizable material with a permeability of at least 10 . the yoke is disposed in such a way that a magnetic flow is closed substantially through the storage element . mpw / kc | 6Physics
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a building insulation system for roofs and walls supported from the interior side of the building , which eliminates thermal bridges and bottom side ceiling fasteners to support the insulation system materials during the insulation and exterior sheeting process of the building construction . the insulation system creates an air gap space layer in roofs and in walls between the exterior wall and roof sheeting panels and the interior sheet material , which supports the insulation material layer . an air gap space enables active solar energy collection and its use to reduce the overall purchased energy for operation of the building . the insulation system preferably includes a support sheet material , a sheet material tensioning devices , an insulation material layer , insulation hanger retention devices , heat and air collection and distribution ducts , dampers , louvers , pipes , dehumidification and condensate collection devices used in the air gap layers of the building to improve the building energy efficiency . | 8General tagging of new or cross-sectional technology
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the present invention discloses a method of making a photoresist stripper for removing a positive or negative tone photoresist , bonding adhesive , ink mark , and / or post etch residue from a semiconductor substrate , comprising a ) an organic sulfonic acid , a halogen - free organic solvent , and an alkanolamine and amine sulfonate or amine sulfonamide or mixtures thereof from semiconductor substrates . | 6Physics
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a satellite communications system provides an information channel between remotely located transmitters and receivers a virtual satellite system provides the same service , but divides the signal either in power or in data content into subchannels such that any particular signal is conducted to the intended receiver via a plurality of traditional satellite channels . the receiving terminal accepts the plurality of signals simultaneously from a possible plurality of satellites , combining the subchannels comprising the virtual channel into the original signal content as if conducted via a single channel . the receiving antenna system receives satellite subchannel signals from a plurality of directions using multiple antennas or a single antenna with multi - direction capability . prior to signal combining , the receiver necessarily time - synchronizes the plurality of subchannels by introducing time delay in some channels before combining the subsignals into the original composite . a timing signal present in the virtual satellite system assists the receiver in determining the amount of delay to apply to each incoming signal . the timing signal is either a separate carrier or an additional modulation on the existing information - bearing carrier . | 7Electricity
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a fluoroalkane derivative represented by the formula : ## str1 ## wherein r denotes an alkyl group having 1 - 16 carbon atoms , c * denotes an asymmetric carbon atom , r 1 denotes an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 - 16 carbon atoms ; ## str2 ## respectively denote a phenylene group ## str3 ## a cyclohexylene group ## str4 ## or a pyrimidinylene group ## str5 ## p is 0 or 1 , q is 0 or 1 when p is 1 , r is 0 or 1 ; and l , m and n are respectively 0 or a positive integer satisfying the relationship of l + m + n β§ 1 . the fluoroalkane derivative has a fluorine atom providing a large dipole moment and directly connected to an asymmetric carbon atom , so that it provides a high speed responsive characteristic through an increased spontaneous polarization when contained in a liquid crystal composition , especially a ferroelectric liquid crystal composition . | 2Chemistry; Metallurgy
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a method and apparatus for spatially filtering a signal set to enhance interface echoes representing a borehole configuration . the spatial filtering technique provides information regarding the various interfaces formed between materials in the borehole environment , as well as thicknesses of the various materials present in the borehole . further , the presence of channels formed during the cementing procedure are detected . | 6Physics
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molten metal is introduced into the cavity by a combined gravity feed and centrifugal force feed using a rotating turntable under electrical or electronic control . the centrifugal force is controlled to be substantially constant until the metal has solidified . this is accomplished by controlling the ramp - up acceleration of the turntable where rotational velocity is a time - dependent function of rotational radius and molten metal mass and taking into account the flow rate and cooling rate of the liquid metal . the process reduces waste and the attendant energy consumption associated with the quantity of metal required to be melted for the initial pour and associated with reprocessing and reusing the waste component . | 1Performing Operations; Transporting
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the invention relates in particular to an aqueous pigment suspension comprising at least one polymer of the type polycarboxylate grafted by alkylene polyoxide chains . it relates in addition to the use thereof especially in the coloring of hydraulic set materials . | 2Chemistry; Metallurgy
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a method for aligning a first substrate relative to a second substrate by enabling reflow of low - melting - temperature solder bumps is disclosed . reflow of the solder bumps induces a force that moves one substrate relative to the other to improve alignment accuracy between bond pads located on each substrate . the method further enables reduction of surface oxide on the solder bumps that would otherwise inhibit reliable solder joint formation . | 7Electricity
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there is provided a system for detecting distant seaborne objects by an airborne vehicle , including a seeker head having an axis in the direction of flight , a sensor mounted on the seeker &# 39 ; s head , the sensor being operative to transmit towards the sea surface a laser radiation beam of selected wavelength and to receive from the sea water surface radiation reflected from the sea water surface and from a seaborne object , and a computing unit for differentiating between the reflection received from the sea water surface and from the seaborne object . a method for detecting distant seaborne objects by an airborne vehicle is also provided . | 5Mechanical Engineering; Lightning; Heating; Weapons; Blasting
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devices and surgical methods treat various types of adult spinal pathologies , such as degenerative spondylolisthesis , spinal stenosis , degenerative lumbar scoliosis , and kypho - scoliosis . various types of spinal joint replacement prostheses , surgical procedures for performing spinal joint replacements , and surgical instruments are used to perform the surgical procedures . | 0Human Necessities
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a gas flow isolation device includes a gas flow isolation valve movable from an opened condition to a closed condition . the module isolation valve in one embodiment includes a rupture disk in flow communication with a flow of gas when the module isolation valve is in an opened condition . the rupture disk ruptures when a predetermined pressure differential occurs across it causing the isolation valve to close . in one embodiment the valve is mechanically linked to the rupture disk to maintain the valve in an opened condition when the rupture disk is intact , and which permits the valve to move into a closed condition when the rupture disk ruptures . in another embodiment a crushable member maintains the valve in an open condition , and the flow of gas passed the valve upon rupturing of the rupture disk compresses the crushable member to close the isolation valve . | 5Mechanical Engineering; Lightning; Heating; Weapons; Blasting
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the invention relates to a method for the examination of cells in a culture medium , in particular for in - situ microscopy in a bio - reactor , whereby cells in a sample volume , the depth of which is defined by windows in the direction of the optical axis of the microscope , are microscopically imaged and are automatically recorded and processed by means of an image processing system . said method is characterized in that the depth of the sample volume is adjusted to the size of the cells by successively reducing the separation of the windows while the image size of the cells is simultaneously verified by the image processing system such that a separation value is determined at which the image size of the cells begins to grow , thus corresponding to flattening caused by the contact pressure of the windows , and that the separation of the windows is set to said separation value for the examination . | 2Chemistry; Metallurgy
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an apparatus for wrapping a film around each of a sequence of objects passing sequentially through a wrapping station has a supply of the film adjacent the station , a feed head at the station having a base , a support carried on the base and rotatable relative thereto about a vertical axis , and a feeder on the base for pulling the film off the supply and feeding it to the support . a film storer carried on the support is operable to take in and store a length of film fed to the support by the feeder . a pull - down device in the station is vertically displaceable below the feed head . | 1Performing Operations; Transporting
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chemical transformation of complex chemical structures in a supercritical medium . the transformation of one or more chemical structures involves at least one reduction reaction in a solvent in the supercritical state . application to the destruction of dangerous products , the treatment of industrial effluents and natural products and the modification of molecular structures . | 8General tagging of new or cross-sectional technology
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an implantable cardioversion or defibrillation lead provided with a large surface , carbon fiber electrode . the lead takes the form of an elongated tubular braid of carbon fiber , provided with a central core of insulating plastic . over the majority of the braid &# 39 ; s length , it is covered by an outer sheath of insulating plastic as well , serving as a lead conductor . at its distal end , the braid is not covered , and the exposed portion of the braid serves as the electrode . | 0Human Necessities
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a smart battery charger is provided that includes one or more sensors to identify a particular battery , generate a usage profile for the battery over time , and develop a charging strategy that maximizes the useful life of the battery . the useful life of the battery may be maximized by minimizing the charge on the battery over the course of the battery &# 39 ; s life . the charge may be minimized by delayed charging and undercharging . | 7Electricity
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a device for the application of continuous positive airway pressure delivering 100 % oxygen during thoracic surgery utilizing one - lung anesthesia . the device comprises a hollow , cylindrical member serving as a conduit for oxygen . one end of the device is connected to a source of oxygen delivered at a constant flow rate . the opposite end attaches to one lumen of a double - lumen endotracheal tube . a removable cap is attached to the device . if the cap is removed , a breathing bag can be attached for allowing the periodic expansion of the lung connected to the apparatus . a venting device is provided to allow the egress of oxygen under pressure . by changing a venting orifice , varying degrees of pressure of oxygen will be delivered to the one lumen of the double - lumen tube . | 0Human Necessities
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a semiconductor laser having a single transverse mode operation . optical power higher than that generated by conventional pump lasers is achieved by widening the gain medium without inducing the second transverse mode . this is accomplished by providing a small refractive index difference between active and blocking regions of the laser . the refractive index difference between the laser active region material and the laser blocking region material at the fundamental frequency is less than about 0 . 029 . | 7Electricity
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a plastic closure device with a lower part is disclosed which can be fastened in a non - releasable and integrally bonded manner by means of ultrasonic welding to a plastic film or a plastic patch . a flange of the lower part is connected by an underside thereof to the plastic layer in an integrally bonded manner by means of introducing ultrasonic energy of a sonotrode into the flange . an energy - introducing arrangement , comprising a plurality of energy - introducing ribs , is used to introduce the ultrasonic energy into the flange , as a result of which the weld parts are welded under the action of a static joining force . owing to the design according to the invention of the energy - introducing arrangement , a desired connection can be achieved in spite of a reduced static joining force , a reduced ultrasonic energy and , in general , with the use of a reduced welding power by comparison with prior art methods . | 1Performing Operations; Transporting
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a composite material for a lithium ion battery anode and a method of producing the same is disclosed , wherein the composite material comprises a porous electrode composite material . pores with carbon - based material forming at the pore wall are created in situ . the porous electrode composite material provide space to accommodate volumetric changes during battery charging and discharging while the carbon - based material improved the conductivity of the electrode composite material . the method creates pores to have a denser carbon content inside the pores and a wider mouth of the pores to enhance lithium ion distribution . | 8General tagging of new or cross-sectional technology
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a method that includes conditioning a radiation beam , imparting the radiation beam with a pattern to form a patterned radiation beam by a reticle having a pattern image area and a reticle mark , and projecting the patterned radiation beam onto a target portion of a substrate by a projection system . the method further includes illuminating the reticle mark by the radiation beam for generating an aerial image of the reticle , projecting the aerial image on an image sensor , collecting image data from the image sensor , obtaining from the image data positional parameters of the aerial image , and correcting any deviation of the positional parameters from a required position of the aerial image by compensating an illumination induced thermal expansion of the reticle by an estimated correction of magnification settings of the projection system , the estimated correction being calculated from a prediction of the temporal thermal expansion of the reticle . | 6Physics
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the present invention relates to a cable for supplying chemicals to , and for the control of , a sub - sea hydrocarbon well comprising an external pressure pipe enclosing a number of smaller pipes , the cable having the special features that the external enclosing pipe forms a channel for the hydration inhibiting agent and in addition forms an element that takes up mechanical tension in the cable , protects the internal pipes against radial forces and forms a nearly corrosion free environment protecting the smaller , internal pipes . | 5Mechanical Engineering; Lightning; Heating; Weapons; Blasting
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an acoustical building panel and method of manufacturing it are disclosed . embodiments of the panel include a porous nonwoven scrim , a coating deposited on the scrim , a base mat , and an adhesive deposited on either the base mat or the scrim in a discrete form such as in droplets . embodiments of the method of manufacture include steps of perforating the base mat , applying the adhesive to the base mat in the discrete form , laminating the scrim onto the base mat , and applying the coating to the scrim surface . | 2Chemistry; Metallurgy
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a metal - ceramic circuit board is characterized by being constituted by bonding directly on a base plate of aluminum or aluminum alloy at least one of ceramic substrate boards having a conductive metal member of an electronic circuit . the base plate has a proof stress not higher than 320 and a thickness not smaller than 1 mm . | 7Electricity
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a continuous process for the deposition of robust titanium - containing barrier layers comprises sputtering in a single substrate sputtering chamber a first layer of titanium , sputtering a layer of titanium nitride thereover , treating the titanium nitride layer with a plasma containing oxygen while continuing to sputter the titanium target to deposit a thin layer of tion , and finally sputtering a layer of titanium over the titanium nitride . the latter step removes impurities from the titanium target , preventing poisoning of the target . thus subsequent substrates can be continuously processed in said chamber without degrading the barrier properties or poisoning the titanium target . | 2Chemistry; Metallurgy
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a semiconductor capacitor and method of fabrication is disclosed . a mim stack , having alternating first - type and second - type metal layers is formed in a deep cavity . the entire stack can be planarized , and then patterned to expose a first area , and selectively etched to recess all first metal layers within the first area . a second selective etch is performed to recess all second metal layers within a second area . the etched recesses can be backfilled with dielectric . separate electrodes can be formed ; a first electrode formed in said first area and contacting all of said second - type metal layers and none of said first - type metal layers , and a second electrode formed in said second area and contacting all of said first - type metal layers and none of said second - type metal layers . | 7Electricity
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the present invention is directed to methods for the production and isolation of nucleic acid molecules . in particular , the invention concerns isolation of mrna molecules and the production and isolation of nucleic acid molecules , which may be single - or double - stranded . additionally , the invention concerns selection and isolation of particular nucleic acid molecules of interest from a sample which may contain a population of molecules . specifically , the invention concerns affinity - labeled primer - adapter molecules which allow improved isolation and production of such nucleic acid molecules , increasing both product recovery and speed of isolation . | 2Chemistry; Metallurgy
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a method for upgrading an operating system on a computing system without system interruption begins by installing an upgraded os . a boot pointer is set to point to a memory location that points to the upgraded os . the computing system is booted into the upgraded os , and the upgraded os receives and processes commands . the boot pointer on the computing system &# 39 ; s disk is updated to point to the upgraded os if a user instructs the computing system to make the upgraded os permanent , whereby the os is upgraded without interrupting the computing system . the os may also be upgraded automatically , without instruction from the user , if predetermined criteria are satisfied . | 6Physics
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the disclosure describes a device for locating faults in a working storage arranged in rows and columns . the device includes an auxiliary storage which holds a sequence of test words and means for cyclically writing the test words into the working storage and reading the test words out of the working storage . a bit for bit word comparator compares the words read out of the working storage with the words read into the working storage and detects bits of the words which do not match in order to identify defective components . first and second registers record the row and the column to which the defective component belongs . | 6Physics
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this invention relates generally to pipe systems and , more particularly , to an improved sliding expansion joint for coupling two adjacent lengths of pipe . | 5Mechanical Engineering; Lightning; Heating; Weapons; Blasting
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the present invention relates to an apparatus for a door drive , in particular for roller doors , sectional doors or the like , having a door movement element , in particular a door shaft , for the opening and closing of a door and a connection means arranged at the door movement element . in accordance with the invention , the door drive includes at least two electric motors of which one is indirectly / directly fixedly connected to the connection means arranged at the door movement element and all further electric motors are arranged radially movably around the door movement element and are connected thereto via the arranged connection means . | 4Fixed Constructions
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the present invention relates to the affixation of dental dams and class iii matrixes utilized in conservative dentistry and oral surgery . in particular , the present invention relates to a device and method for retaining and stabilizing a dental dam or class iii matrix , or other device , in the mouth of the patient , which can be clamped between two adjacent teeth . | 0Human Necessities
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the present invention provides a diaryl sulfone compound represented by formula below : wherein r 1 to r 4 and r 1 β² to r 4 β² are the same or different ; each represents hydrogen , c 1 - 4 alkyl , or halogen ; and r 5 is glycidyl , acryloyl , or the like ; and a method for producing the same . according to the present invention , a novel compound useful as a monomer for producing synthetic resin having a high refractive index and excellent transparency for optical materials can be efficiently produced with a simple production process , using an inexpensive material as a starting material . | 2Chemistry; Metallurgy
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a use of recombinant ganoderma immunoregulatory protein in a preparation of a drug for treating melanoma is disclosed . by establishing experimental animal models of orthotopic tumors and metastatic tumors , an anti - tumor effect of the rlz - 8 is researched , which indicates that the rlz - 8 significantly inhibits a growth of the orthotopic tumors of the melanoma and a formation of metastases of the melanoma . | 0Human Necessities
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the surface - emission cathodes of the invention are constructed so that the cathode body has a free surface over which electrons are efficiently accelerated after injection from a conductive contact . the junction between the free surface and the contact has the property that the height of the barrier to tunneling from the contact to floating surface states associated with the free surface of the cathode body is lower than both the barrier to emission from the contact to vacuum and the barrier to injection from the contact into the conduction band of the cathode body material . thus under an applied potential , electrons are injected from the contact into floating surface states associated with the free surface . after acceleration , electrons leave the free surface , either emitted to vacuum or injected into another medium . | 7Electricity
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a pulse oximeter sensor comprising an emitter and a detector coupled to a substrate layer and a partially opaque layer located on a patient contact side of the sensor and covering the emitter . the partially opaque layer is configured to attenuate light shunted via the partially opaque layer from the emitter to the detector , and may be configured such that less than 10 % of the light detected by the detector is shunted light . | 0Human Necessities
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a silver halide photographic material is disclosed , which has at least one compound represented general formula : ## str1 ## wherein r represents an aliphatic group , an aromatic group , or a heterocyclic group ; both l and time represent a divalent organic group ; t represents 0 or 1 ; pug represents a photographically useful group ; y represents -- so 2 --, -- y &# 39 ;-- so 2 --, or ## str2 ## and y &# 39 ; represents -- o --, -- nh --, or ## str3 ## the material has a broad exposure latitude in line image - taking work and has a high resolving power in the work . it can form an ultrahard image having a high gamma value of 10 or more . the material may excellently reproduce a line original to form an ultrahard image having a high background density . it also has a broad exposure latitude in halftone dot image - taking work and can form a halftone dot image having ultrahigh contrast with high image quality . | 8General tagging of new or cross-sectional technology
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a method for preventing the accumulation of an alkali sulfate produced as a by - product in the system for removing sulfur dioxide from exhaust gases containing sulfur dioxide is disclosed , the system comprising bringing the exhaust gas into contact with an aqueous solution containing an alkali sulfite to absorb sulfur dioxide into the solution and to convert the absorbed sulfur dioxide to an acidic alkali sulfite , adding calcium carbonate for the double decomposition of acidic alkali sulfite into the thus obtained aqueous solution containing the acidic sulfite and after removing the precipitated calcium sulfite and accompanying calcium sulfate by filtration , circulating the filtrate as aqueous solution for absorption of sulfur dioxide in the above - mentioned exhaust gas , the method being characterized in that the double decomposition is carried out in two stages by adding calcium carbonate of different particle size , respectively and the filtration is carried out , preferably , in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide to prevent the oxidation of sulfite by oxygen in air . | 1Performing Operations; Transporting
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a heat exchanger which can prevent the increase of an internal resistance by baffle plates , can make the gradient of a heat exchange rate between an inlet side and outlet side more gradual , and can make uniform a temperature distribution of a fluid flowing outside . | 5Mechanical Engineering; Lightning; Heating; Weapons; Blasting
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a method for activating only the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor - 3 has been created . the method comprises administration of a composition comprising a polypeptide to an animal wherein the composition has the ability to stimulate one or more lymphatic vessel endothelial cells to proliferate , differentiate , migrate , or survive . methods are also provided to selectively activate a vegf receptor - 3 , to screen for neoplastic disease characterized by an increase in lymph vessel endothelial cells , and to identify lymph vessel endothelial cells . | 2Chemistry; Metallurgy
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a backlight is provided for illuminating an at least partially transmissive display . the backlight includes a light source . a light guide receives the light from an edge surface and guides the light by total internal reflection . the light is extracted from the lightguide using sub - wavelength extraction features designed on the basis of two interleaved grating structures . the emitted light , using this arrangement has a high level of polarization . | 6Physics
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in an embodiment , authenticated hardware and authenticated software are cryptographically binded using symmetric and asymmetric cryptography . cryptographically binding the hardware and software ensures that original equipment manufacturer hardware will only run oem software . cryptographically binding the hardware and software protects the oem binary code so it will only run on the oem hardware and cannot be replicated or altered to operate on unauthorized hardware . this cryptographic binding technique is referred to herein as secure software and hardware association . | 7Electricity
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a method of forming a polysilicon electrode having at least one roughened surface is performed by roughening a template layer to form a roughened template layer . a layer of polysilicon is next deposited on top of the roughened template layer . the polysilicon electrode is then formed by etching away the roughened template layer , and thereby exposing a roughened surface on the polysilicon electrode . | 7Electricity
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an apparatus is equipped to receive network traffic data for network traffic routed over one or more network links relevant to a network link . selected numbers of analysis are performed to determine if the network link of interest is being misused . the analyses include but are not limited to analyses to determine whether the network traffic routed are inconsistent with an expected traffic pattern , whether unallocated source addresses are present , whether source addresses exhibit an uncharacteristic even distribution pattern , whether a server is uncharacteristically excessive in responding to the same source address , whether normal bursty behavior is absent from the traffic , whether a ratio of packets in one direction to packets in another direction is out of balance , whether a ratio of packets of one type to packets of another type is out of balance , and whether a server is uncharacteristically excessive in responding with error responses . | 7Electricity
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in apparatus for superresolution microscopy or microlithography , wherein a spot in the specimen to be examined or in the microlithographic medium is raised to an excited state by a first pulse of light , and a second pulse of light reduces the excitation in the peripheral parts of the spot to increase the resolution of the instrument , a method whereby the wavelength of the second pulse in the specimen or medium is the same as the wavelength of the first pulse , thereby allowing the cost and complexity of the apparatus to be lowered . | 6Physics
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in a communication between individuals having different levels of skill in a language , communication by the more skilled individual is controlled so as to keep it at a level understandable by the lesser skilled individual . for example , a native speaker &# 39 ; s communication with a student learning his language is monitored by an interface and compared with a stored model representing the student &# 39 ; s knowledge and ability in the language . should the native speaker communicate in a way that would not be understood by the student , for example , by using vocabulary or a sentence structure beyond the student &# 39 ; s ability , the interface will notify the native speaker . the interface might then suggest an alternate word or sentence structure to the native speaker , inviting him to use the alternate communication . the native speaker can then substitute and send the alternate communication . | 6Physics
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the detection method includes generating a plurality of neural network models . each model has as a training set a data set from a plurality of samples of a commodity of known origins . each sample has been analyzed for a plurality of elemental concentrations . each neural network model is presented for classification a test data set from a plurality of samples of a commodity of unknown origins . as with the training set , the samples have been analyzed for the same plurality of elemental concentrations . next a bootstrap aggregating strategy is employed to combine the results of the classifications for each sample in the test data set made by each neural network model . finally , a determination is made from the bootstrap aggregating strategy as to a final classification of each sample in the test data set . this final classification is indicative of the geographical origin of the commodity . the system includes software for generating the neural network models and a software routine for performing the bootstrap aggregating strategy . | 6Physics
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a printing method is provided for a printer having a printhead with a plurality of print elements and capable of printing a binary pixel image . the method includes locating defective print elements , determining a camouflage area in the vicinity of pixels that would have to be printed with the defective print elements , and camouflaging the defective print elements by modifying image information in the camouflage area , wherein the camouflaging step is incorporated in a halftoning step in which error diffusion is used for creating the binary pixel image , and comprises a step of modifying an error propagation scheme for the camouflage area . | 1Performing Operations; Transporting
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a gamma correction circuit includes a plurality of gamma function forming circuits , each of which modifies an input signal to provide different gamma correction signals . the input signal level is compared with a predetermined signal level , and based on the comparison one of the different gamma correction signals is selected as an output signal of the gamma correction circuit . | 7Electricity
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the disclosure describes an overall system / method for developing a β speak and touch auto correction interface β referred to as staci which is far more superior to existing user interfaces including the widely adopted qwerty . using staci a user speaks and types a word at the same time . the redundant information from the two modes , namely speech and the letters typed , enables the user to sloppily and partially type the words . the result is a very fast and accurate enhanced keyboard interface enabling document production on computing devices like phones and tablets . | 6Physics
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an article that comprises an auxetic mesh 20 that has been molded into an intended shape . molded auxetic articles do not distort as much as convention meshes when subjected to the heat and pressure of a molding operation . | 0Human Necessities
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a bed clothing assembly for a mattress including a mattress band and a unitary sheet assembly that is removably attachable to the mattress band for attaching and changing bedding . the mattress band encircles the sidewall of the mattress , and includes upper and lower edge portions that extending inwardly and continuously around the peripheral edges of the top and bottom surfaces of the mattress , respectively , when the mattress band is installed on the mattress . the unitary sheet assembly includes a bottom sheet and top sheet connected together as one unit . a plurality of fasteners around the bottom sheet permit the detachable securment of the bottom sheet to the mattress band to facilitate placing the unitary sheet assembly on the mattress . this particular construction and arrangement is advantageous to a person that is physically disabled and permits easy changing of bedding without having to lift the mattress . | 0Human Necessities
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