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A godless cafe in Paris - in the 18th century
French Enlightenment: Forget Voltaire and Rousseau. It is about time that Diderot gets some attention - beyond his encylopedia (Encyclopédie) - not that there is any thing wrong with encylopedias. There is a new book out, A Wicked Company: The Forgotten Radicalism of the European Enlightenment by Philipp Blom, that looks at the French Enlightenment through the lens of a Parisian salon and also looks at some of the regulars there, including Diderot. From the review of the book in the Economist:
It is the story of the scandalous Paris salon run by Baron Paul Thierry d'Holbach, a philosophical playground for many of the greatest thinkers of the age. Its members included Denis Diderot (most famous as the editor of the original encyclopedia, but, Mr Blom argues, an important thinker in his own right), Jean-Jacques Rousseau, the father of romanticism, and the baron himself; even David Hume, a famous Scottish empiricist, paid the occasional visit.
A philosophy grew up around the baron's generously stocked table that denied religious revelation and shunned Christian morality, embracing instead the primal passions (the fundamental motives, said the philosophes, for human behaviour) and cool reason (which could direct the passions, but never stand against them). They dreamt of a Utopia built on pleasure-seeking, rationality and empathy. Their ideal nation would leave no room for what they saw as the twisted ethical code of Christianity, which they argued prized suffering and destructive self-repression.
Not only was their thinking radical, but expressing it was dangerous. Diderot was imprisoned for his writings, an experience, Mr Blom argues, that left him too scared to lay out his philosophy plainly, instead disguising it within numerous plays, novels and letters. Baron d'Holbach published most of his works under pseudonyms, which helped to keep him safe but also condemned him to centuries of philosophical obscurity (except in the officially godless Soviet Union). Even when the French revolution finally came, its self-appointed guardians had no place for the philosophy of the true radicals. For Maximilien Robespierre, chief architect of the reign of terror that followed the revolution, God and religion were far too useful in keeping the population in line.
Mr Blom's book is part biography and part polemic. He sketches the early lives of Diderot, Holbach, Rousseau and other players in the drama, and describes the philosophy they hammered out. It is also an iconoclastic rebuttal of what he describes as the "official" history of the Enlightenment, the sort of history that he finds "cut in stone" on a visit to the Paris Panthéon. There the bodies of Voltaire and Rousseau were laid to rest with the blessing of the French state. Neither deserved it, suggests Mr Blom.
And here is the bit about Voltaire and Rousseau:
Voltaire, he insists, was a milquetoast careerist, too concerned with his own reputation and his comfortable life to say anything truly unsettling. Rousseau he finds even worse. By denigrating reason, celebrating impulse and advocating repression and tyranny in the name of a loosely defined "general will", Rousseau's thinking, argues Mr Blom, was actively maleficent (and, unsurprisingly, venerated by Robespierre). It is a tragedy of history, the author concludes, that Voltaire and Rousseau won the battle of ideas, whereas Diderot was reduced to the rank of editor of the encyclopedia, and Holbach was forgotten utterly.
Posted in atheism, history, science and religion books on Thursday, November 18, 2010 by Salman Hameed | 1 comment Edit
Voltaire was a philosophe, who was gifted at communication through writing. He did not come up with his very own philosophical thought, but rather admirably studied other philosophers, and wrote about their ideas insuch a way that they could reach a larger audience. He was a great communicator.
I love what he wrote in late 18th February about the London stock exchange. He says here the Mohammedans, Jews and Christians work together in peace,by the rules of the stock exchange, only the one who goes broke is the infidel. Why can't they live like that outside that place.
Nov 18, 2010, 9:44:00 PM
What is Irtiqa?
Irtiqa is Salman Hameed's blog. A few years ago (before Facebook killed many of the blogs), it used to track stories of science & religion, especially those related to Muslim societies. That is still one of its foci, but now it dovetails more of Salman's interests including film, astronomy, science fiction, and science outreach in both Pakistan and the US.
Irtiqa literally means evolution in Urdu. But it does not imply only biological evolution. Instead, it is an all encompassing word used for evolution of the universe, biological evolution, and also for biological/human development. While it has created confusion in debates over biological evolution in South Asia, it provides a nice integrative name for this blog. For further information, contact Salman Hameed.
The blog banner is designed by Muhammad Aurangzeb Ahmad. You can find all his creative endeavors at Orangie.
Salman Hameed
Salman is an astronomer and Associate Professor of Integrated Science & Humanities at Hampshire College, Massachusetts. Currently, he is working on understanding the rise of creationism in contemporary Islamic world and how Muslims view the relationship between science & religion. He is also working with historian Tracy Leavelle at Creighton University to analyze reconciliation efforts between astronomers and Native Hawaiians over telescopes on top of sacred Mauna Kea in Hawaii. He teaches "History and Philosophy of Science & Religion" with philosopher Laura Sizer, and "Science in the Islamic World", both at Hampshire College. Salman and Laura Sizer are also responsible for the ongoing Hampshire College Lecture Series on Science & Religion, and you can find videos of all these lectures below. Contact information here.
Astronomy Pictures from Pakistan
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Catholic Church and science
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Friday Journal Club
Irtiqa Conversations
Islam and Modernity
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Judaism and science
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posts by Nidhal Guessoum
religion and environmentalism
Saturday Video
science and Native religions
science and religion books
science in muslim world
science of belief
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science religion and terrorism
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Blogging from Egypt: A new respect for an old civi...
Book Review: "The Eerie Silence" by Paul Davies
Darwin Deez's parody/tribute of Sagan
Blogging from Egypt: Luxor - first pictures
A prominent Pakistani scientist is stoking conspir...
Blogging from Egypt: Internet for politics in Egyp...
IQ Score Variations by Nation
If in London, visit the Natural History Museum - I...
In Egypt for a few days...
iPad for bonobos, and Anderson Cooper in a bunny s...
When are we going to see a movie about Tycho Brahe...
Islamic Science gems at Sharjah Book Fair
Slow reconstruction of schools in Swat
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Kristof hopeful on Pakistan's middle class
Obama should stress more on scientific and educati...
Yes, send a little bit of Galileo into space...
More schools bombed in northern Pakistan
Dubai IT Expo and Trends
Frans de Waal for sanity in science & religion deb...
A Pakistani astrophysicist is surfing gravitationa...
Movie-interlude: Never Let Me Go/Stone/Hereafter
Disputes over Native-American remains
City-science lights
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Life dangles from a bloody rope as four teens struggle to survive and remain sane beneath a deranged collector. will they survive or remain beautifully broken dolls?
How far would you go if offered the world? What if once the deal was sealed, you could never go back? Dealings with daemons tend to be a very sticky business, you know.
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EthicsCentre CA is a registered charity governed by volunteers and supported by organizations and individuals who share a commitment to ethical values.
The Canadian Centre for Ethics & Corporate Policy ("Ethics Centre") is excited to announce the launch of "Ethics News".
The Ethics Centre is pleased to provide you by email, on a regular basis, with timely articles from a variety of sources, on ethical issues currently affecting organizations.
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Taapsee Pannu is all set and raring to go with her career. She has had a remarkable year with amazing movies like Manmarziyaan, Soorma, Mullk. 2019 started for her on a great note too after she came out with Badla starring Amitabh Bachchan. Now, she has signed a film with Anubhav Sinha yet again and it is supposed to be a gritty female oriented drama called Thappad. The makers are aiming to release it on the International Women's Day 2020. The movie will go on floors in August in Delhi.
It has a very bold narrative which will break stereotypes. Now who better than Taapsee can do justice to this role? The movie will showcase her as a middle class girl who does something extraordinary. It would be great to see Taapsee in this role, looks like she and Sinha will repeat their Mulk brilliance. Taapsee is currently shooting for Anurag Kashyap's Saand Ki Aankh.
Saand Ki Aankh tells the story of octogenarian shooters, who started shooting after the age of 60 years. The plot is an interesting tale of Tomar sisters-in-law, Prakashi and Chandro Tomar who became shooters at a very later stage in their lives. However, the two of them have inspired many and continue to win medals for their immense talent. Interestingly, both of them are also providing ample help to the filmmakers to help capture their story right on the celluloid.
Saand Ki Aankh is also expected to feature filmmaker Prakash Jha in a key role. The film will be produced by Anurag Kashyap and will be directed by popular Bollywood writer Tushar Hiranandani.
Also Read: Deepika Padukone edges out Taapsee Pannu to play Amrita Pritam in Sanjay Leela Bhansali film on Sahir Ludhianvi?
|
{
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Michael McPoland September 05, 2016 15:13
What options to get from Krakow to Prague on October 19
What options exist to get from Krakow to Prague on/about Oct 19? Rail Europe only shows the 10 PM night train. My brother and I can take more than one train if needed. We would like to see the countryside (assuming it is interesting) but then lose a day in Krakow travelling.
We have to be in Prague by Oct 20. Thank you for any advise.
Jeff (Official Rep) September 07, 2016 21:46
A daytime connection from Krakow to Prague would take at least about 7 hours in duration and involves 2 train changes en route; once in Katowice and then once in Ostrava.
You would purchase tickets by entering a route under 'Find Train Tickets' on our homepage, www.raileurope.com. For a daytime option from Krakow to Prague, you would just break up your search once in Ostrava. Therefore, you would do one search for the part of the connection from Krakow to Ostrava and then another search for connecting trains from Ostrava to Prague
With that said, trains from Krakow to Katowice (as part of the segment from Krakow to Ostrava) are only able to be booked once within 30 days of an intended date of departure. Therefore, you would not be able to purchase these tickets until around September 20th. You can get an idea of the ticket costs and schedules in the meantime just by using a date some time within the next 30 days.
Hi Michael, A daytime connection from Krakow to Prague would take at least about 7 hours in duration and involves 2 train changes en route; once in Katowice and then once in Ostrava. You would purchase tickets by entering a route under 'Find Train Tickets' on our homepage, www.raileurope.com. For a daytime option from Krakow to Prague, you would just break up your search once in Ostrava. Therefore, you would do one search for the part of the connection from Krakow to Ostrava and then another search for connecting trains from Ostrava to Prague With that said, trains from Krakow to Katowice (as part of the segment from Krakow to Ostrava) are only able to be booked once within 30 days of an intended date of departure. Therefore, you would not be able to purchase these tickets until around September 20th. You can get an idea of the ticket costs and schedules in the meantime just by using a date some time within the next 30 days.
|
{
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You must know the cost of the SAP downtime, then why don't you try our on-site SAP basis support service that not only prevents downtime caused by damaging, but also boost the productivity of your SAP system.
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|
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package io.github.mzmine.gui.chartbasics.chartutils;
import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Paint;
import java.awt.geom.Ellipse2D;
import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Arrays;
import org.jfree.chart.axis.ValueAxis;
import org.jfree.chart.entity.EntityCollection;
import org.jfree.chart.event.RendererChangeEvent;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.CrosshairState;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.PlotOrientation;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.PlotRenderingInfo;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.XYPlot;
import org.jfree.chart.renderer.LookupPaintScale;
import org.jfree.chart.renderer.PaintScale;
import org.jfree.chart.renderer.xy.AbstractXYItemRenderer;
import org.jfree.chart.renderer.xy.XYItemRenderer;
import org.jfree.chart.renderer.xy.XYItemRendererState;
import org.jfree.chart.ui.RectangleAnchor;
import org.jfree.chart.util.Args;
import org.jfree.chart.util.PublicCloneable;
import org.jfree.data.Range;
import org.jfree.data.general.DatasetUtils;
import org.jfree.data.xy.XYDataset;
import org.jfree.data.xy.XYZDataset;
import io.github.mzmine.modules.visualization.kendrickmassplot.KendrickMassPlotXYDataset;
import io.github.mzmine.modules.visualization.kendrickmassplot.KendrickMassPlotXYZDataset;
/**
* A renderer that represents data from an {@link XYZDataset} by drawing a circle at each (x,
*/
public class XYCirclePixelSizeRenderer extends AbstractXYItemRenderer
implements XYItemRenderer, Cloneable, PublicCloneable, Serializable {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* The circle width (defaults to 1.0).
*/
private double circleWidth = 1.0;
/**
* The circle height (defaults to 1.0).
*/
private double circleHeight = 1.0;
/**
* The anchor point used to align each circle to its (x, y) location. The default value is
* {@code RectangleAnchor.CENTER}.
*/
private RectangleAnchor circleAnchor = RectangleAnchor.CENTER;
/** Temporary storage for the x-offset used to align the circle anchor. */
private double xOffset;
/** Temporary storage for the y-offset used to align the circle anchor. */
private double yOffset;
/** The paint scale. */
private PaintScale paintScale;
/**
* Creates a new {@code XYCircleRenderer} instance with default attributes.
*/
public XYCirclePixelSizeRenderer() {
updateOffsets();
this.paintScale = new LookupPaintScale();
}
/**
* Returns the circle width, in data/axis units.
*
* @return The circle width.
*
* @see #setCircleWidth(double)
*/
public double getCircleWidth() {
return this.circleWidth;
}
/**
* Sets the width of the circles used to represent each data item and sends a
* {@link RendererChangeEvent} to all registered listeners.
*
* @param width the new width, in data/axis units (must be > 0.0).
*
* @see #getCircleWidth()
*/
public void setCircleWidth(double width) {
if (width <= 0.0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("The 'width' argument must be > 0.0");
}
this.circleWidth = width;
updateOffsets();
fireChangeEvent();
}
/**
* Returns the circle height, in data/axis units.
*
* @return The circle height.
*
* @see #setCircleHeight(double)
*/
public double getCircleHeight() {
return this.circleHeight;
}
/**
* Sets the height of the circles used to represent each data item and sends a
* {@link RendererChangeEvent} to all registered listeners.
*
* @param height the new height, in data/axis units (must be > 0.0).
*
* @see #getCircleHeight()
*/
public void setCircleHeight(double height) {
if (height <= 0.0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("The 'height' argument must be > 0.0");
}
this.circleHeight = height;
updateOffsets();
fireChangeEvent();
}
/**
* Returns the anchor point used to align a circle at its (x, y) location. The default values is
* {@link RectangleAnchor#CENTER}.
*
* @return The anchor point (never {@code null}).
*
* @see #setCircleAnchor(RectangleAnchor)
*/
public RectangleAnchor getCircleAnchor() {
return this.circleAnchor;
}
/**
* Sets the anchor point used to align a circle at its (x, y) location and sends a
* {@link RendererChangeEvent} to all registered listeners.
*
* @param anchor the anchor.
*
* @see #getCircleAnchor()
*/
public void setCircleAnchor(RectangleAnchor anchor) {
Args.nullNotPermitted(anchor, "anchor");
if (this.circleAnchor.equals(anchor)) {
return; // no change
}
this.circleAnchor = anchor;
updateOffsets();
fireChangeEvent();
}
/**
* Returns the paint scale used by the renderer.
*
* @return The paint scale (never {@code null}).
*
* @see #setPaintScale(PaintScale)
* @since 1.0.4
*/
public PaintScale getPaintScale() {
return this.paintScale;
}
/**
* Sets the paint scale used by the renderer and sends a {@link RendererChangeEvent} to all
* registered listeners.
*
* @param scale the scale ({@code null} not permitted).
*
* @see #getPaintScale()
* @since 1.0.4
*/
public void setPaintScale(PaintScale scale) {
Args.nullNotPermitted(scale, "scale");
this.paintScale = scale;
fireChangeEvent();
}
/**
* Updates the offsets to take into account the circle width, height and anchor.
*/
private void updateOffsets() {
if (this.circleAnchor.equals(RectangleAnchor.BOTTOM_LEFT)) {
this.xOffset = 0.0;
this.yOffset = 0.0;
} else if (this.circleAnchor.equals(RectangleAnchor.BOTTOM)) {
this.xOffset = -this.circleWidth / 2.0;
this.yOffset = 0.0;
} else if (this.circleAnchor.equals(RectangleAnchor.BOTTOM_RIGHT)) {
this.xOffset = -this.circleWidth;
this.yOffset = 0.0;
} else if (this.circleAnchor.equals(RectangleAnchor.LEFT)) {
this.xOffset = 0.0;
this.yOffset = -this.circleHeight / 2.0;
} else if (this.circleAnchor.equals(RectangleAnchor.CENTER)) {
this.xOffset = -this.circleWidth / 2.0;
this.yOffset = -this.circleHeight / 2.0;
} else if (this.circleAnchor.equals(RectangleAnchor.RIGHT)) {
this.xOffset = -this.circleWidth;
this.yOffset = -this.circleHeight / 2.0;
} else if (this.circleAnchor.equals(RectangleAnchor.TOP_LEFT)) {
this.xOffset = 0.0;
this.yOffset = -this.circleHeight;
} else if (this.circleAnchor.equals(RectangleAnchor.TOP)) {
this.xOffset = -this.circleWidth / 2.0;
this.yOffset = -this.circleHeight;
} else if (this.circleAnchor.equals(RectangleAnchor.TOP_RIGHT)) {
this.xOffset = -this.circleWidth;
this.yOffset = -this.circleHeight;
}
}
/**
* Returns the lower and upper bounds (range) of the x-values in the specified dataset.
*
* @param dataset the dataset ({@code null} permitted).
*
* @return The range ({@code null} if the dataset is {@code null} or empty).
*
* @see #findRangeBounds(XYDataset)
*/
@Override
public Range findDomainBounds(XYDataset dataset) {
if (dataset == null) {
return null;
}
Range r = DatasetUtils.findDomainBounds(dataset, false);
if (r == null) {
return null;
}
return new Range(r.getLowerBound() + this.xOffset,
r.getUpperBound() + this.circleWidth + this.xOffset);
}
/**
* Returns the range of values the renderer requires to display all the items from the specified
* dataset.
*
* @param dataset the dataset ({@code null} permitted).
*
* @return The range ({@code null} if the dataset is {@code null} or empty).
*
* @see #findDomainBounds(XYDataset)
*/
@Override
public Range findRangeBounds(XYDataset dataset) {
if (dataset != null) {
Range r = DatasetUtils.findRangeBounds(dataset, false);
if (r == null) {
return null;
} else {
return new Range(r.getLowerBound() + this.yOffset,
r.getUpperBound() + this.circleHeight + this.yOffset);
}
} else {
return null;
}
}
/**
* Draws the circle representing the specified item.
*
* @param g2 the graphics device.
* @param state the state.
* @param dataArea the data area.
* @param info the plot rendering info.
* @param plot the plot.
* @param domainAxis the x-axis.
* @param rangeAxis the y-axis.
* @param dataset the dataset.
* @param series the series index.
* @param item the item index.
* @param crosshairState the crosshair state.
* @param pass the pass index.
*/
@Override
public void drawItem(Graphics2D g2, XYItemRendererState state, Rectangle2D dataArea,
PlotRenderingInfo info, XYPlot plot, ValueAxis domainAxis, ValueAxis rangeAxis,
XYDataset dataset, int series, int item, CrosshairState crosshairState, int pass) {
double x = dataset.getXValue(series, item);
double y = dataset.getYValue(series, item);
double z = 0.0;
double bubbleSize = 0;
double minBubbleSize;
double maxBubbleSize;
Color specificDatasetColor = null;
if (dataset instanceof KendrickMassPlotXYDataset) {
double[] bubbleSizeValues = ((KendrickMassPlotXYDataset) dataset).getBubbleSizeValues();
minBubbleSize = Arrays.stream(bubbleSizeValues).min().getAsDouble();
maxBubbleSize = Arrays.stream(bubbleSizeValues).max().getAsDouble();
bubbleSize = scaleBubbeSize(minBubbleSize, maxBubbleSize,
((KendrickMassPlotXYDataset) dataset).getBubbleSize(series, item));
if (((KendrickMassPlotXYDataset) dataset).getColor() != null) {
specificDatasetColor = ((KendrickMassPlotXYDataset) dataset).getColor();
}
}
if (dataset instanceof KendrickMassPlotXYZDataset) {
z = ((KendrickMassPlotXYZDataset) dataset).getZValue(series, item);
double[] bubbleSizeValues = ((KendrickMassPlotXYZDataset) dataset).getBubbleSizeValues();
minBubbleSize = Arrays.stream(bubbleSizeValues).min().getAsDouble();
maxBubbleSize = Arrays.stream(bubbleSizeValues).max().getAsDouble();
bubbleSize = scaleBubbeSize(minBubbleSize, maxBubbleSize,
((KendrickMassPlotXYZDataset) dataset).getBubbleSize(series, item));
}
// create new color with alpha
Paint oldPaint = this.paintScale.getPaint(z);
Color awtColor = (Color) oldPaint;
Color p = new Color(awtColor.getRed(), awtColor.getGreen(), awtColor.getBlue(), 150);
if (specificDatasetColor != null) {
p = new Color(specificDatasetColor.getRed(), specificDatasetColor.getGreen(),
specificDatasetColor.getBlue(), 150);
}
double xx0 = domainAxis.valueToJava2D(x, dataArea, plot.getDomainAxisEdge()) - bubbleSize / 2;
double yy0 = rangeAxis.valueToJava2D(y, dataArea, plot.getRangeAxisEdge()) - bubbleSize / 2;
double xx1 = domainAxis.valueToJava2D(x, dataArea, plot.getDomainAxisEdge()) - bubbleSize / 2;
double yy1 = rangeAxis.valueToJava2D(y, dataArea, plot.getRangeAxisEdge()) - bubbleSize / 2;
Ellipse2D circle;
PlotOrientation orientation = plot.getOrientation();
if (orientation.equals(PlotOrientation.HORIZONTAL)) {
circle = new Ellipse2D.Double(Math.min(yy0, yy1), Math.min(xx0, xx1), bubbleSize, bubbleSize);
} else {
circle = new Ellipse2D.Double(Math.min(xx0, xx1), Math.min(yy0, yy1), bubbleSize, bubbleSize);
}
g2.setPaint(p);
g2.fill(circle);
g2.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1.0f));
g2.draw(circle);
if (isItemLabelVisible(series, item)) {
drawItemLabel(g2, orientation, dataset, series, item, circle.getCenterX(),
circle.getCenterY(), y < 0.0);
}
int datasetIndex = plot.indexOf(dataset);
double transX = domainAxis.valueToJava2D(x, dataArea, plot.getDomainAxisEdge());
double transY = rangeAxis.valueToJava2D(y, dataArea, plot.getRangeAxisEdge());
updateCrosshairValues(crosshairState, x, y, datasetIndex, transX, transY, orientation);
EntityCollection entities = state.getEntityCollection();
if (entities != null) {
addEntity(entities, circle, dataset, series, item, circle.getCenterX(), circle.getCenterY());
}
}
/**
* Tests this {@code XYCircleRenderer} for equality with an arbitrary object. This method returns
* {@code true} if and only if:
* <ul>
* <li>{@code obj} is an instance of {@code XYCircleRenderer} (not {@code null});</li>
* <li>{@code obj} has the same field values as this {@code XYCircleRenderer};</li>
* </ul>
*
* @param obj the object ({@code null} permitted).
*
* @return A boolean.
*/
@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (obj == this) {
return true;
}
if (!(obj instanceof XYCirclePixelSizeRenderer)) {
return false;
}
XYCirclePixelSizeRenderer that = (XYCirclePixelSizeRenderer) obj;
if (this.circleHeight != that.circleHeight) {
return false;
}
if (this.circleWidth != that.circleWidth) {
return false;
}
if (!this.circleAnchor.equals(that.circleAnchor)) {
return false;
}
if (!this.paintScale.equals(that.paintScale)) {
return false;
}
return super.equals(obj);
}
/**
* Returns a clone of this renderer.
*
* @return A clone of this renderer.
*
* @throws CloneNotSupportedException if there is a problem creating the clone.
*/
@Override
public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
XYCirclePixelSizeRenderer clone = (XYCirclePixelSizeRenderer) super.clone();
if (this.paintScale instanceof PublicCloneable) {
PublicCloneable pc = (PublicCloneable) this.paintScale;
clone.paintScale = (PaintScale) pc.clone();
}
return clone;
}
private double scaleBubbeSize(double min, double max, double value) {
double maximumSize = 15;
double minimumSize = 3;
if (min == max) {
return 5;
} else {
double a = (maximumSize - minimumSize) / (max - min);
double b = maximumSize - a * max;
return a * value + b;
}
}
}
|
{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaGithub"
}
| 6,876 |
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Unique floral creations for all occasions. I can work with your budget to give you the best and freshess flowers for your money. Be it small and intimate or large and exotic, I can create a beautiful design that will make you satisfied and happy!
Malinda is incredible. She truly listened to my thoughts and ideas and came up with creative solutions to create my dream bouquet and table decor. She's knowledgable and a pleasure to work with!
Malinda was great and very easy to work with. She is local to the Newport area and she is very affordable compared to other local businesses. We loved working with her. From the beginning, we felt like talking to a family member. She takes care of everything, from dropping off flowers at the 'getting ready' location, to setting up the church, picking up from the ceremony and transporting to the reception, and even picking up at the reception to use the same flowers for the post-wedding brunch. She was wonderful! She was very approachable and took into consideration our concerns and suggestions. She made some changes to our bouquets and flower arrangements but they were done very tastefully that I was very glad that she did. They added an extra special touch. I completely recommend her. You will be stress-free and everyone will compliment your flowers.
Malinda did an absolute beautiful job with our December wedding at the Towers. We did not want a Christmas theme, but rather a winter theme using minimal flowers. She did a wonderful job doing just that. She used pinecones and evergreens in the boutonnieres, and the my and the girls bouquets were exactly what I asked for and from the pictures I showed her. Honestly, all of the flowers and the decorations in the venue were more than I could have imagined.
Malinda was a pleasure to work with. Very responsive and you will feel like you have known her for years. She is very reasonably priced and I would recommend her to anyone for a wedding or event that requires flowers.
|
{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
}
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Tag Archives: DVD
September 1, 2009 · 10:00 pm
New Album! Black Crowes
I'll put my cards on the table and tell you that I did not slip this DVD in the player with an open mind. Since I thought Warpaint was the best album of 2008, I had high expectations for this show where the band played the album – in sequence – live. Show me, boyos.
But the Black Crowes did not falter, they delivered, and the performance left me pondering where Luther Dickinson belongs on the list of great guitar players. He is amazing.
The 2008/2009 configuration of the band might be the best ever. Chris Robinson is in great voice, and brother Rich doesn't have to shoulder the pyrotechnics on guitar. The rhythm section is top notch, Sven Pipien and Scott Gorman are formidable and keyboard player Adam MacDougall is a secret weapon. A Black Crowes show is as much about atmosphere as it is about performance, and as they have shown us before, seeing is believing.
This is a rejuvenated band catching a second wind and maximizing the opportunity. I cannot wait to hear the new album that's dropping today. But until it arrives? Yeah, this puppy will hold me over bigtime. Warpaint Live is a blast.
Read all about it in my review in Blurt.
Read my thoughts about the studio album Warpaint here.
Tagged as Adam MacDougall, Best of 2009, Black Crowes, Blurt, Chris Robinson, DVD, Eagle Rock, Luther Dickinson, Music, New Album, Reviews, Rich Robinson, Scott Gorman, Sven Pipien, Warpaint, Warpaint Live
New Album! Moody Blues
Preaching love to a sea of heads
When Woodstock is discussed, one of the anecdotes that most often surfaces is how Crosby, Stills and Nash took the stage in front of a mammoth crowd in only their second live gig, and as per the famous quote, were "scared shitless". Odd to think that a year later and an ocean away, a studio-oriented band like The Moody Blues must have had the opposite feeling their second time around at the Isle of Wight. Crammed in front of The Who's stage gear to perform for a few hundred thousand people, heads as far as the eye could see, they were at once out of their element and in the moment.
For here were five musicians who despite their massive success, remained very isolated in their process. "All we did was music", recalls Justin Hayward in one of the DVD's interview segments, "we were just living the music we were playing every day. It was an expression of what was in our hearts and minds." Certainly that was a vast change from their start as an r'n'b band playing "Bo Diddley" (an early clip with Ray Thomas playing harmonica is included as an example, although oddly no mention is made of their massive hit "Go Now"). Instead their complex musical arrangements spoke to the open, exploratory nature of the times. "None of us had ever seen a bale of cotton, let alone picked one" mused Grahame Edge. "Didn't even know what smokestack lightning was"! Obviously reaching within for material worked out well in the long run.
Their performance in 1970 was extraordinary in that they were an album band whose set was largely unfamiliar to the crowd, and as a studio band stripped of overdubs and sweetening they relied on Mike Pinder's mellotron to carry the load. Indeed the mellotron changed everything for the Moodies and gave them incredible freedom in or out of the studio; Pinder states that he was "the orchestra behind the drums, bass and guitar…the landscape of it all." (There's a short clip where Pinder demonstrates how the mellotron functions; I learned more in that thirty seconds than I had ever known before).
The quality of the performance is obviously dated – Hayward was surprised that any footage even existed – but director/producer Murray Lerner (who has been bringing several great films to market) does an excellent job stitching it all together. The first sections of the program mix recent interviews with some related footage before settling down into the performance itself. Sound and visuals don't always sync – there are several sections where relevant footage is spliced in to cover gaps – but for the most part it's a solid presentation considering the technical limitations of the time. The seventy-five minute DVD is shot in widescreen and boasts 5.1 sound that more than compensates. And what a visual time trip! Looking young and angelic, Hayward's ballads are earnest and powerful; Ray Thomas is appropriately animated during "Legend Of A Mind (Timothy Leary's Dead)" and the rock-oriented numbers like "Question" and "Ride My See Saw" thunder away thanks to John Lodge's fluid lines and Graeme Edge's thunder. The sweeping crowd shots remind one of how different the festivals were perceived and experienced in the days before corporate domination.
Thirty nine years later, the remaining members of the band still bring the music to the masses as a whole new generation turns on to their majestic sound. But with Threshold of a Dream, Eagle Vision has captured an excellent snapshot of the band approaching its artistic peak, unafraid to tinker with some arrangements. As the final track plays, a montage of clips from Montreaux, Color Me Pop and a recent US concert drive home the point that great music is timeless, after all.
Eagle Vision link for this title.
The Moody Blues official site
Moody Blues wiki.
Tagged as Color Me Pop, concert film, Crosby, documentary, DVD, Eagle Vision, Film/TV, Grahame Edge, Isle of Wight, John Lodge, Justin Hayward, Mike Pinder, Montreaux, Moodies, Moody Blues, Murray Lerner, Music, New Album, Ray Thomas, Reviews, Stills and Nash, The Moody Blues, The Who, Threshold of a Dream, Timothy Leary, woodstock
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A Beach Lover's Paradise! This Beautifully appointed & Impeccably Maintained 4 Bed+3 Bath + Loft/Library modern home offers a striking open floor plan. A Dream Chef's kitchen w/ eating area opening out to an adjoining living/family room perfect for entertaining. Many of the principal rooms opens onto private patios or gardens. Relax upstairs in any of the spacious 3 Bdrms, Family Room, or Loft w/ views of the ocean. The ULTIMATE location for the best of West Coast living! Just steps to Stearman Beach, a gem mostly frequented by locals only, while also conveniently located close to Cypress & Whistler mtns, Caulfield Village, Dundarave, Park Royal, Many parks, Cypress Park Elementary, Rockridge Secondary & Private Schools. OPEN HOUSE, SAT, APRIL 20TH 2-4PM WITH EASTER EGG HUNT!
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"Jamila is 20 years old. In her early high school, she joined a bad peer group which watered down her love for school, until she dropped out.
She had been told by friends about Young Life while in her school, but had not found interest in knowing more or joining club in the school. The club there would hold Thursday evenings. Dropping out from school, she further drew away from every possibility of being loved by God. At the same time, her father was getting weaker and developing poor sight. All this put Jamila between a rock and a hard place.
Early in 2018, she was contacted by Michael, the Area Director for area. She promised herself to attend camp, and even told her mom about it, so that she could begin securing camp contribution. She was able to make it to camp, where the Lord intentionally loved on her through the friends she met, everything at camp: games, music, food and the upfront skits In club.
"I thought God was speaking to me during the morning club where the speaker emphasized that God still cares about us in our weaknesses. I shivered and silently whispered to God to give me another chance." Jamila recollects. In the say so club the next morning, Jamila was among those that renewed their lives to God.
We thank God for Jamila's story and the many lives that were touched at this camp!
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Restoration Isn't Just for Furniture!
We are full in winter here in the Northeast. I just bought pants to run outside in sub zero temperatures to ENJOY more of it. Hope I don't freeze out there as a giant popsicle! With winter comes a knowing that we will be hibernating at least some of the time. This hibernation usually comes as a welcome thing for the first few storms and is something I look forward to as often we don't stop unless some force of nature, be it Mother Nature or our own health, causes us to.
This human tendency is one that I feel we could learn to re-wire for somewhere along the line it got wired into us that stopping is a sign of weakness or vulnerability. The last time I checked, most of us aren't being chased by man eating tigers yet we keep running as if we are. I heard myself say last week, I'm going to bed early; it was ten pm! When did that become early? My body was tired, my mind was exhausted and my soul said, come on lady, it's time for me to fly and have fun, go to sleep! Yet, the conditioned self thought I was somehow packing it in early and therefore had to announce it for some reason rather than simply listening to self, saying goodnight and accepting the ease of the ending of a day.
Restoration is necessary in the human body. We must power down in order to keep going. Just because there are 24 hours in a day doesn't mean we have to see as many of them awake as we possibly can.
I was talking with a client last week and she was saying how she wanted to isolate herself from others, not engage and simply check out. I did my due diligence and asked her if she had a therapist and did she feel depressed. Her response was to chuckle and say, no, but honestly, I think I am just tired. I agreed with her. Her energy field was so low it wouldn't power a watch battery. I posed the question of do you think you may be looking for restoration rather than isolation? I love the look that comes over people's faces and energy when I suggest an alternative perspective. Almost an ahhhhhh, yeah, I just couldn't put my finger on it, that's it!
I'd like to introduce the concept that we don't have to "earn" rest time. We can embrace it and even learn to be good at it. I'll admit this one was challenging for me but since I've been looking for balance in my life, it has become easier. I can stare at the clouds for quite a while now before the voice of shoulds shows up! It takes a bit of practice but most of all it takes allowing. Trusting that the world is going to keep spinning even if we step away from the holding position and that all will be ok. Even believing that others will show up if I decide to reboot.
I am going to ask you to look at your beliefs around restoration and see where you could add some quality battery charging time if necessary. It will be different for everyone. To ask me to sit around for hours and "rest" wouldn't necessarily be recharging for me. Suggest a hike with time to appreciate the view at the top and I would be willing to do it. Perhaps even a good book to read and get lost in and I would be good. Some might need the power nap while others want a massage. Perhaps a game of golf (wear your sweater it's getting chilly) or a dinner out with the friends. Whatever brings you to that place of new energy and a revitalized view of the world, do it!
The object is to know thyself and honor what it is that fills that gas tank up, not so you can get things done but so you can feel full and centered and wanting to participate in your soul's journey. When we push others away it is often because we are so depleted ourselves we can't fathom another person's energy in our space. If we all charged ourselves like we charge our cell phones, we would be in a much more harmonious world. Doesn't that sound nice?
Next, respect the person who is asking for space, for they know enough to identify the need. Give them that and see how amazing it feels to be in charge of only your own feelings. Refreshing, and restorative, if you ask me.
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Why Cajun Crawfish Company for your live crawfish needs/crawfish boil?
We supply ONLY FRESH LOUISIANA CRAWFISH which is typically trucked in overnight……..so what does that mean to our clients? Minimal dead loss if any ever!
ONE STOP SHOPPING: We are the only local crawfish supplier who can fulfill ALL of your boil needs in ONE STOP! Fresh live Louisiana crawfish, shrimp, oysters, our own dry seasoning people love, pure liquid concentrate, sweet corn, red new potatoes, pot and burner rental as well as sales etc. Your party planning for a Cajun cooking theme party starts and ends here! Need great Cajun recipes for your boil? Buy from us….. We'll tell ya! … While we sell ya! Competitive pricing, we confirm your order before committing to you, convenient pickup in Lewisville, Cajun Crawfish Company is your full service Cajun theme party and crawfish boil supplier!
Honesty is our goal: When you order live crawfish from us your order is going to be filled when you pick up……not "OH sorry they did not come in" ! Unlike most grocery store suppliers…….we deal directly with "the farmers" so we have trusted our orders to the same suppliers for now over 19 years!! Prices and quantity will always vary like the weather! However, we tell it and sell it how it is…Otherwise you don't come back…Right? What we quote at order time is what you pay. We don't like surprises! Neither do you. Much why we sold over 150,000 pounds each year!
Cajuns are known for their "joie de vivre" or joy of life. We celebrate with family and friends. It's in the food that we eat, the music we listen to, in what we wear, and even how we decorate. It's a way of life.
We grade our best boat run crawfish which is a mix of all sizes. But then we give you more. A great mix of mediums and larges. That's the Cajuncrawfish VALUE that you GET!
When ordering from the Cajun Crawfish Company you are always guaranteed to get the exact 30lbs of crawfish in every bag!
Don't be fooled by expensive "Cajun packages" on most sites! We too sell beads and spices for pocket change. Not as "Cajun packages" to help mark up the cost of the crawfish! Cajun Crawfish Company is able to provide FRESH live Louisiana crawfish to local Dallas/Fort Worth residents weekly during the crawfish season. Our supplier is based out of South Louisiana and delivers overnight to us 3+ times a week during the season (typically late January through July). In a nutshell (crawfish)… We sell live crawfish not a lot of hype.
Why does Cajun Crawfish Company sell tens of thousands of pounds of live Louisiana crawfish to local DFW clients year in and year out each season? It's simple! We buy from one supplier (Fruges) and have since our inception to the DFW live crawfish market back in 1998! We are fruges #1 Dallas retailer of their live crawfish. When you order from us, live crawfish come in (overnight) three times a week! Thus,our crawfish are delivered as fresh as you can get them which eliminates many "dead loss issues" that you may have previously encountered when ordering through grocery stores or other retailers that do not specialize in live Louisiana crawfish! Buy from us and you get fresh live crawfish overnight plus all other boil supplies under one roof! 146,000 pounds sold during 2016 season……….this is why!
Cajun Crawfish Company – The #1 retail choice for your live crawfish in Dallas and Fort Worth, Texas.
At Cajun Crawfish Company we know crawfish. Why take the chance? GET THE BEST! Our VALUE grade is always clean and consistent.
Try our seasoning, corn, and new potatoes!
Or Order Online…BUT we still need to "speak to you" to confirm order!!
Local live crawfish ORDER and PICK UP INSTRUCTIONS please read carefully!
– Live crayfish/crawfish orders must be placed by 10 a.m. the day before delivery to our shop at 1671 Riverview drive in Lewisville suite 114A. Delivery days are typically Tues, Thurs, Sat. So if you want crawfish for Saturday we must have your order in with us (confirmed by one of us) by no later than 10 a.m. Friday (the day before you intend to pick up) but prefer you order as early in the week as you can! Need them for Friday……order in by 10 a.m. Wed. as they deliver to us on Thursday…..we will set time for you to pick up Friday! Please order as early in the week as possible as if they ever cut us off early on Friday from taking more orders during busy weekends or if weather causes a shortage…….then we are done for taking more orders!
– You can now order ONLINE.
– You can also email live crawfish requests to [email protected] or leave message on 972-337-BOIL (2645) OR cell 469-374-1071.PLEASE NOTE: If you have ordered online, via email or phone, rest assured we have received your request. We will get back to you as soon as possible.
– PICK UP TIMES: Saturday typically between 9-11 a.m., week day pick up times TBD (we will set up with you).
– LOCATION: 1671 Riverview dr. Lewisville suite 114A. Click here for directions.
– Updated weekly by calling 972-337-BOIL(2645) OR on our Face book.
– Pricing will be per (pound) per sack which will be either (15) or (30) pound bags. We will carry Quality crawfish (mix of medium and large bugs that have been washed and cleaned) and the MOST POPULAR WE SELL (Select) which are a "graded crawfish" (size is bigger) that have been rinsed by a sprayer before they are bagged. Select crawfish are usually best found in mid April/early May. All large crawfish that are washed depends on availability each season.
What Makes Our Crawfish So Much Better?
Cajun Crawfish Company has teamed up with the best crawfish farmer in Louisiana – Fruge. Fruge has been a supplier of premium crawfish for over 30+ years. They are well known for their farm-to-table processes. All of their crawfish are live and are cleaned, washed, and graded before shipment. Fruge ships only the largest available product. Their focus is on size and quality. There are cheap crawfish and there are big crawfish, and big crawfish are not cheap. If you are going through all the trouble to impress your friends, you might as well get the best. Depending on the time of year, the grade may vary with extreme early and late season being worst case. In the heart of the season, you can depend on a select grade of crawfish approximately an 18 count or better. Size is not guaranteed, but only the best will be available for our customers.
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Search results "Oracle date tzh"
Oracle DBTIMEZONE Function
https://www.databasestar.com/oracle-timezone-functions/ The Oracle DBTIMEZONE function returns the database timezone offset of the database. It returns it in the format of +/- TZH:TZM, or the time zone region name. It's useful to know what timezone the database is in when working with dates and different time zones, as it can impact the queries you write. The syntax for this function is quite simple: DBTIMEZONE There are no parameters - just the function name. You can't actually change the timezone of the database using this function. It uses the timezone of the operating system of the server the database runs on. It's similar to the SESSIONTIMEZONE function, but that function returns the timezone of your session and not the database server. It's also similar to the SYSTIMESTAMP function, but that function returns the date, time, and timezone of the database, where DBTIMEZONE just returns the timezone. For more information about the Oracle DBTIMEZONE function, including all of the SQL shown in this video and the examples, read the related article here: https://www.databasestar.com/oracle-timezone-functions/
R16 - WS - Anna Thea Madsen vs Jenny Wan - Polish International 2013
Event: Polish International 2013 - Round 16 Date: 19 September 2013 - 22 September 2013 Venue: Lubin, Poland Player: Anna Thea Madsen (DEN) vs Jenny Wan (SWE) Category: Women's Singles Polish International 2013 live streaming schedule: http://goo.gl/2LN9gm Catch Polish International Championships 2013 live streaming on Badminton Europe Official YouTube channel - http://www.youtube.com/badmintoneuropeconf ! Live streaming starts from the qualifying rounds on 19 September 2013 through to the final championships round on 22 September 2013. More information: http://www.polish-international.com/en
Views: 546 Badminton Europe
RELEASE ALL JUDGMENT - Tao Te Ching Daily Inspiration #5
The Tao Te Ching was written about 25 centuries ago by Laozi, which simply translates to "Old Master". Perhaps this is a hint that the original author is unknown. These particular interpretations come from Dr. Wayne Dyer. It is his belief, as is mine, that the world needs to recapture it's ancient teachings. He states simply the purpose of these inspirations is: When you change the way you look at things, the things you look at change. Each message comes with a channeled message from Spirit as well as a Tarot card pulled with my own intuitive interpretation. Take what feels right and leave the rest behind. I send you love and light, Ilona ❤️💕🌕🌝💫🌟✨ Gratitude/Energy Donation - (Suggested Donation - $10) https://www.paypal.me/spiritualgiant TO PURCHASE A PRIVATE READING: 1. Review and decide which reading you would like to purchase. 2. Send email to [email protected] indicating which reading you would like to purchase. Briefly share any information you think may be helpful. 3. Submit payment through PayPal using the option of "SEND MONEY TO FRIENDS AND FAMILY" using the PayPal link above or to the email address [email protected] 4. Once paid, you will receive an email from me confirming a time and date for your live reading or a confirmation of the date you will receive your recorded reading. READING DESCRIPTIONS: 5 CARD HEALING SPREAD $33 - (15 to 20 minutes) Includes a Block, Action, Outcome card, Internal energy card, external energy card and clarifiers as needed AM I ON THE RIGHT PATH SPREAD $33 (15 to 20 minutes) Identifies, where you are, where you are going, any obstructions and possible outcome. Clarifiers pulled as needed. DOUBTS AND FEARS TAROT SPREAD $55 (25 to 30 minutes) Identifies what you want, what's motivating you, what needs to be released, universal guidance, universal goal, changes for success and clarifiers as needed. GENERAL LOVE READING $55 (25 to 30 minutes) Identifies how to prepare yourself for what could be coming, a look into current energies for you and your partner and any clarifiers as needed. WARRIOR/WARRIORESS SPREAD $111 (45 to 60 minutes) A deep look into your soul, blocks, what needs to be healed, how to move forward, universal goals, clarifiers for all cards. EXTENDED READING FOR 3 MAIN AREAS OF LIFE $133 (60 to 75 minutes) You identify which 3 areas of life you want to dive into. Generous spread of cards with unlimited questions for each aspect and clarifiers for each card. **General and private readings are for entertainment purposes and are not intended to provide professional advice or counseling. About my channel: Spiritual Giant readings are intended to support you in identifying blocks and provide healing guidance to help re-program old thought patterns and provide more clarity in your steps forward. About me: I've been a coach, mentor and trainer for the majority of my career in real estate until June of 2017 when I experienced a spiritual awakening which opened and strengthened my intuitive gifts and connection to my higher self. My empathic abilities and connection to spirit for channeled messages help create a deepened meaning to the oracle for answers to my client's questions. I am certified in Reiki, coaching and also offer mediumship services. Check my Facebook page https://www.facebook.com/SpiritualGiantOBX/ for more information. Website: www.spiritualgiant.co
Views: 18 Spiritual Giant
Tao Te Ching by Lao Tzu Chapter 62, The tabernacle of creation
The Tao Te Ching - Dao De Ching - By Lao Tzu. The central work on Taoism. The Tao Te Ching, Daodejing, or Dao De Jing (道德經: 道 dào "way"; 德 dé "virtue"; 經 jīng "classic" or "text") also simply referred to as the Laozi, is a Chinese classic text. According to tradition, it was written around the 6th century BC by the sage Laozi (or Lao Tzu, "Old Master"), a record-keeper at the Zhou Dynasty court, by whose name the text is known in China. The text's true authorship and date of composition or compilation are still debated, although the oldest excavated text dates back to the late 4th century BC. The text is fundamental to both philosophical and religious Taoism (Daojia, Chinese: 道家, Pinyin: Dàojiā; Daojiao, Chinese: 道教, Pinyin: Dàojiào) and strongly influenced other schools, such as Legalism, Confucianism and Chinese Buddhism, which when first introduced into China was largely interpreted through the use of Daoist words and concepts. All music by Kevin MacLeold, www.incompetech.com Wisps of Whorls - ISRC: USUAN1200082 Healing - ISRC: USUAN1200048 Drone in D - ISRC: USUAN1200044 Silver Blue Light - ISRC: USUAN1100718 Ambient - ISRC: USUAN1100630 Tranquility Base - ISRC: USUAN1100614 tranquility - ISRC: USUAN1100581 Amost in F-ISRC: USUAN1100394 Fluidscape - ISRC: USUAN1100393 Numinous Shine - ISRC: USUAN1100129 Pride - ISRC: USUAN1100106 Light Awash - ISRC: USUAN1100175 Meditation Impromptu 01 - ISRC: USUAN1100163 Meditation Impromptu 02 - ISRC: USUAN1100162 Meditation Impromptu 03 - ISRC: USUAN1100161 Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ All images are in the public domain.
Views: 42425 tranquility gateway
Angel Guided reading 9-12-11 - 16-12-11
Hello everyone, Happy festive season to you all:) This weeks reading was guided with Michael and Metatron, with an emphasis on the word B E L I E V E ~~:) When we walk in belief, most especially of OURSELVES , then we have faith, which creates GRATTITUDE all of which are vibrations that raise our frequencies, inducing a more positive state of harmony, from within, to without...... ( as below, so above so to speak) Keep an eye on the sky, on the 10th December, you may be lucky enough to get a glimpse of the lunar eclipse:) Eclipses are a wonderful sight to behold, something that has held both fear and awe for millinea. one other point which I have meant to address in the last couple of videos , but the moment has not presented itself to date, for the northern hemisphere, there is a feeling of a hard winter to come, with some severe storms, leading to power outages, this will no doubt be a time for some that tests the mettles, ask for help from divine source whenever needed. I follow the X factor, actually most of the talent shows, they are a great place to find spirit of life, and genuine love of spirit , the gift of giving, and the gift of trying......... my personal vote is for Josh Krajic :) however, they are all sooo very good :) good luck to you all,. positive affirmation for the week: Kindness in words creates confidence, kindness in thinking creates prfoundness, kindness in giving creates love. Lao-Tzu. B E L I E V E ~~ peace and happiness eveyone:) Wishing you all a happy and safe week
Views: 313 cdbfort
17. Peloponeski rat, I deo
Uvod u istoriju antičke Grčke (CLCV 205) Tokom predavanja, Profesor Kagan opisuje događaje koji su doveli do Peloponeskom ratu. On tvrdi da porast Atinske moći i prateći izazov Spartankoj dominaciji ukazuju na mogući konflikt. Međutim, profesor Kagan takođe tvrdi da je bilo mnogo ljudi koji nisu želeli rat i da je zbog toga rat mogao biti izbegnut. Tridesetogodišnji mir je sklopljen, i kako profesor Kagan na kraju tvrdi njegov član o arbitraži je bilo ključni član koji je mogla da spreči rat. 00:00 - 1. Poglavlje Važnost Peloponeskog rata i njegova trajna vrednost 09:25 - 2. Poglavlje Poreklo rata 23:37 - 3. Poglavlje Atina se suočava sa presudnom odlukom 30:31 - 4. Poglavlje Višestruke bitke 45:16 - 5. Poglavlje Preokret sreće 56:17 - 6. Poglavlje Četvoromesečno primirje i naknadni tridesetogodišnji rat Ceo predmetni materijal je dostupan na Open Yale Courses sajtu: http://open.yale.edu/courses Ovaj predmet je snimljen na jesen 2007. godine.
Views: 468 UBSMBeograd
History of Taoist and Buddhist Mysticism in China
In this video lecture, we are going to cover over 4,000 years of history, going through the dynasties, beginning with the Xia, Shang, and Zhou, until we reach modern China. Our coverage will span beyond 4,000 years, preceding the Xia, to talk about shamanism in the Neolithic Era. Works cited for everything covered in this lecture are in the end notes of The Tao of Craft (North Atlantic Books, 2016). Companion blog post: https://wp.me/p32or0-3NR You are watching Video #2 in a six-part video lecture series. Full playlist for the video series: http://www.tinyurl.com/chineseoccultism *** Taoism is a nature-based religion, philosophy, and tradition of sorcery native to China, formed around 600 B.C. One hundred years later, Buddhism enters China and a modality of it--esoteric Buddhism--is blended in with Taoist magic. This introductory lecture series will cover the ontology, theory, history, and cultural practice of sorcery at the intersection of esoteric Buddhism and Taoism. Video 1: Introduction to Buddhist-Taoist Esotericism Video 2: History of Taoism and Buddhism in China Video 3: Taoist Sorcery and Its Cultural Practice Video 4: Taoist Metaphysics Video 5: Chinese Occultism as a Syncretic Practice Video 6: Taoist Magic in Contemporary Times *** All videos in this series are closed-captioned for the deaf, hard of hearing, or those whose native tongue isn't English. I've also made my best attempt at accommodating for the blind. If there is room for improvement in these regards, I'm open to friendly critique. Thank you! *** Related Videos from My Channel In Video 2, I make reference to a few topics I've covered in greater depth on my channel already. What is a Book of Methods? Among the related video links I shared for Video 1 was a flip-through of my personal Book of Methods. This one posted earlier, however, addresses what a Book of Methods or Fang Shu is within its cultural context. https://youtu.be/5-CmFMrxiHc Book Trailer for The Tao of Craft Everything discussed in this video come from my research for The Tao of Craft and is covered in greater detail in that book. This is a book trailer I made for the book's release. https://youtu.be/lk1cq1DhKQA Thunder Rites This Tinkering Bell practicum gives an example of working with Zhang Daoling in Fu talisman crafting, though this practicum instructs on methods within a technique called thunder rites, or Taoist thunder magic. https://youtu.be/6rVLhaKGbpY *** DONATE Your donations help keep this series free for all. To donate, click the PayPal link below or send me an Amazon gift card to [email protected] https://www.paypal.me/benebell I CHING & THE OCCULT: ONLINE COURSE Understanding the I Ching for its occult and divinatory values will expand your capabilities in both Chinese ceremonial magic and traditional witchcraft. Learn more about the course here: https://benebellwen.com/2017/07/14/i-ching-and-the-practitioner-a-course-on-the-book-of-changes/ CHECK OUT MORE COURSES BY ME I offer both independent study and free courses to help you advance your craft. Check out the full listing here: https://benebellwen.com/online-courses/
Views: 4227 Benebell Wen
The Pharmacratic Inquisition - entire online version
[I no longer believe much of what is presented in this video is accurate. ] This is a DVD companion for our book, Astrotheology & Shamanism. (For Deutsch, Español, Nederlands, Português, Ελληνική, Polski and Français translations of the Pharmacractic Inquisition w/ subtitles, go here: http://www.gnosticmedia.com/the-pharmacratic-inquisition/the-pharmacratic-inquisition-with-subtitles-translated/) This DVD companion contains about 25% of the information presented in book, though it contains about double the images. The DVD is not meant to have detailed sources. If you are interested in the sources used for this video, please see the book Astrotheology & Shamanism.
Views: 355448 LogosMedia
Socrates: Biography of a Great Thinker
Socrates was one of the founders of Western Philosophy. He is credited with inventing a new form of discourse, the Socratic Method, which revolutionized teaching and is still widely used today. His methods won him few fans, however, and ultimately he was charged with corrupting the youth of Athens and was put to death. Learn more about the mysterious man who taught Plato and so many others. As Isaac Newton said, "If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants." Our Great Thinkers playlist celebrates influential thinkers who have changed the world for the better. Please Subscribe today! http://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=SocraticaStudios Circle us on Google+ at http://google.com/+socratica Follow us on Twitter at https://twitter.com/socratica Like us on Facebook at https://www.facebook.com/SocraticaStudios Host: Liliana de Castro Artwork: Kim Parkhurst Directed by Michael Harrison Written and Produced by Kimberly Hatch Harrison Creative Commons Picture Credits: Bust of Socrates in the Louvre http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Socrates_Louvre.jpg Author: Eric Gaba (Sting) Socrates by Leonidas Drosis, Athens - Academy of Athens http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Socrates_by_Leonidas_Drosis,_Athens_-_Academy_of_Athens-corte.JPG Author: DIMSFIKAS at Greek Wikipedia ; corte Eugenio Hansen, OFS Columns of the Temple of Apollo http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Columns_of_the_Temple_of_Apollo_at_Delphi,_Greece.jpeg Author: Patar knight Delphi composite picture http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Delphi_Composite.jpg Author: Leonidtsvetkov Bust of Plato http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Plato_Silanion_Musei_Capitolini_MC1377.jpg Author: Marie-Lan Nguyen (User:Jastrow) 2009 Parthenon from the South http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Parthenon_from_south.jpg Author: Thermos
Views: 90621 Socratica
Water Signs Zodiac Symbols 💧| GirlsOfAqua
Greetings Earthlings! A quote for today: "Nothing is softer or more flexible than water, yet nothing can resist it." Lao Tzu All about the zodiac symbols for the water signs. The water signs include Scorpio, Cancer and Pisces. Learn as much as you can about human beings. It doesn't hurt. Take care! xo Timestamps: SCORPIO- 0:35 CANCER- 1:33 PISCES- 2:38 Subscribe here: http://bit.ly/1hDBT6R ►INSTAGRAM: www.instagram.com/GirlsOfAqua ►TWITTER: https://twitter.com/GirlsOfAqua ►FACEBOOK: https://www.facebook.com/thegirlsofaqua/ ►EMAIL: [email protected] ►SOUNDCLOUD: https://soundcloud.com/girlsofaqua ________________________________________________ MUSIC USED IN VIDEO: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LVh4PFKNzMA
Views: 5978 GirlsOfAqua
How to Read the Emperor Card | Tarot Cards
Unlock the mysteries of Tarot: The Complete Guide to the Tarot: http://amzn.to/1Pj0Div The Tarot Bible: The Definitive Guide to the Cards: http://amzn.to/1LlxTzz Chakra Wisdom Oracle Cards: http://amzn.to/1hrj3zE The Essential Tarot Kit: Book and Card Set: http://amzn.to/1ZdkUu5 The Rider Tarot Deck Cards: http://amzn.to/1OmCOXQ Watch more How to Read Tarot Cards videos: http://www.howcast.com/videos/515612-How-to-Read-the-Emperor-Card-Tarot-Cards Hello, I'm Ellen Goldberg and I welcome to you to a Tarot Moment from the School of Oracles. In this segment, we're going to take a look at The Emperor. The Emperor is the divine consort of The Empress. One might say that they are the Magician and the High Priestess once they have become a wedded pair. Look how similar the names are, Emperor and Empress. The word emperor means "he who sets an order" and where the empress represents imagination, he represents reason and seeing things as they really are and having a really firm grip on the world as it is. He is ruled by Aries, look at the redness in this card, look at the rams on his throne. He is power, but he's not in uniform, he's not wearing, uh, steel armor, and he doesn't have his court with him. He's out there in nature by himself because he rules by inner power. Of course, as Seneca tells us, "to rule is really to serve", and this is who he is. In his highest form, he is divine reason, the Logos. He is the great father, whereas the Empress is the great mother. The Hebrew letter that is associated with this card is "hey" and hey means "window". Look how is he combined with the Empress, she's the door, he's the window. And a window is something that puts a real boundary on what we see, it constitutes things for us, our vision is focused through it and yet, it lets in light and air. It also shows that you have outlook, a way to view the world and in its way, "hey" intonates that divine reason and order is the basis of the universe. When you get the Emperor in the high polarity, why, you know that you are seeing things as they really are. That you are taking care of things, that you are using power in a good way. Lao Tzu, in the Dao teaching, advises us that when a leader has done his work and the people have followed him, when the work is complete, they think that they have done it all themselves. The Emperor in his finest form is not power mad, but truly helps the people. When he's in his lower form, then certainly he is not seeing things as they really are, he is deceived by appearances, and then all of the negative, masculine, archetypal associations, they're right there: machismo, making war, anger, being irrational. When you get the Emperor in a reading, ask yourself "What kind of inner emperor is ruling my world? Is it calm? Is it stable? Am I seeing things in accord with reality?" You know, that's another definition of sanity. This card is a very excellent card to meditate on when you want to put your own house in order. Of course, without the Empress, he is sterile and barren, and she without the Emperor is just a wild mother nature run amok and overgrown. They are always best, operating in an alternating current. Through the School of Oracles, this is Ellen Goldberg. Bye for now.
Views: 13703 Howcast
WHAT IF IT'S US // Book Review
AHHH I LOVED THIS BOOK !Are you planning to pick up What If It's Us?? Thanks for watching ♡ **I was sent an ARC by the publisher in exchange for honest review. All opinions are my own** --------------------------------------------------------- F O L L O W M E T W I T T E R: https://twitter.com/read_alldabooks I N S T A G R A M: @read_allthebooks G O O D R E A D S: https://www.goodreads.com/read_all_thebooks --------------------------------------------------------- Business contact: [email protected] --------------------------------------------------------- Intro, Outro & Banner by : Ali @ HarbackHoarder
Views: 1725 Read All The Books
From the Sacred Taoist Texts:Tao Te Ching - Chapters 1-14(In Chinese)
http://suprememastertv.com/ - From the Sacred Taoist Texts:Tao Te Ching - Chapters 1-14(In Chinese) - Episode 620, Air date: 26 - May- 2008
Views: 8133 Supreme Master Television
The DUFF - Jess And Casey - HD
#TheDUFF - In Theaters Feb 20, 2015 http://www.facebook.com/TheDuffMovie http://www.twitter.com/TheDuff Bianca (Mae Whitman) is a content high school senior whose world is shattered when she learns the student body refers to her as 'The DUFF' (Designated Ugly Fat Friend) to her prettier, more popular friends (Skyler Samuels & Bianca Santos). With her universe turned upside down, she ignores words of wisdom from her favorite teacher (Ken Jeong) and enlists Wesley (Robbie Amell), a slick but charming jock, to help set her apart from the pack and erase her label forever. In doing so, she hopes to land her crush Toby (Nick Eversman), and find the confidence to overthrow the school's ruthless label maker Madison (Bella Thorne) by reminding everyone that no matter what people look or act like, we are all someone's DUFF…and that's totally fine. Based on the Novel by Kody Keplinger.
Views: 362848 CBS Films
"Things Endure While We Fade Away: Tao Yuanming on Being Himself" by Michael Ing
Presented by: Michael Ing, Associate Professor, Department of Religious Studies, Indiana University Date: Wednesday, January 31, 2018 Tao Yuanming (c. 365-427) is often described as a poet who advocated harmony with the natural world. The most recent book about him in the English-speaking academy, for instance, describes Tao as a "literary ecologian" who wrote "ecological poetry." These views also tend to affiliate Tao with the Daoist classic Zhuangzi, since both supposedly advocate the need to harmonize with the natural transformations of the world (hua 化). This presentation will closely examine these claims, and argue that the connection between Tao and the natural world is much more complicated. More specifically, I will show that Tao recognized a tension between being himself (ziran 自然) and the natural transformations of the world. While he advocated a kind of "naturalism," he did not believe that he, or human beings in general, were predisposed to accept the inevitable changes of the world. Hence, his "naturalism" is not necessarily about fitting into his natural surroundings despite the fact that he relies on these surroundings in his poetry. Through an examination of several of his poems this presentation will demonstrate two things: 1) that Tao saw human beings as distinct from the other "myriad creatures" 萬物 who otherwise accept or fit into the natural transformations of the world; and 2) that while Tao understood the term ziran 自然 as "being himself," he often saw the natural transformations of the world as threats to him being himself.
Views: 167 Confucius Institute at the University of Michigan
Liesl's Story: Healing the Broken
Liesl was picked up as a stray on the streets of Houston and came to OutPaws animal rescue in Denver, CO, in April of 2015. After a long journey through serious illness, Liesl is now ready to meet her forever family. She is a 3-4 year old German Shepherd with the biggest personality you can imagine! To meet this girl, apply at www.outpaws.org/adopt
Views: 487 Carrie Thornburgh
Shakespeare | Hamlet Act 1 Audiobook (Dramatic Reading)
Hamlet by William Shakespeare - Act 1 (of 5) Act 1: http://youtu.be/p44qJ3RjpFM Act 2: http://youtu.be/laBRXJSxxxg Act 3: http://youtu.be/c5aa9bwEyUU Act 4: http://youtu.be/elAret-tlFc Act 5: http://youtu.be/3ilZn_1MPrE The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, often shortened to Hamlet, is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare at an uncertain date between 1599 and 1602. Set in the Kingdom of Denmark, the play dramatizes the revenge Prince Hamlet is instructed to enact on his uncle Claudius. Claudius had murdered his own brother, Hamlet's father King Hamlet and then taken the throne, marrying his deceased brother's widow, Hamlet's mother Gertrude. Summary: Act 1, Scene 1: The Ghost of Hamlet's father appears to Horatio and two sentinels. They wonder what it portends and decide that Hamlet should be told. Act 1, Scene 2: The new king and his court . . . Hamlet's first soliloquy ("O that this too too solid flesh would melt") . . . Hamlet learns of the ghost. Act 1, Scene 3: Laertes and Polonius warn Ophelia to stay away from Hamlet. Act 1, Scene 4: The Ghost appears to Hamlet. Act 1, Scene 5: The Ghost's message.
Views: 260200 ChapterVox
☯️ TAO TE CHING (DAO) by Laozi - FULL AudioBook 🎧📖 | Taoism | Law of Attraction | Eastern Philosophy
☯️ TAO TE CHING (DAO) by Laozi - FULL Audio Book | Taoism | Law of Attraction | Eastern Philosophy - The Tao Te Ching, Daodejing, or Dao De Jing (道德經: 道 dào "way"; 德 dé "virtue"; 經 jīng "classic" or "text") also simply referred to as the Laozi, is a Chinese classic text. According to tradition, it was written around the 6th century BC by the sage Laozi (or Lao Tzu, "Old Master"), a record-keeper at the Zhou Dynasty court, by whose name the text is known in China. The text's true authorship and date of composition or compilation are still debated, although the oldest excavated text dates back to the late 4th century BC. The text is fundamental to both philosophical and religious Taoism (Daojia, Chinese: 道家, Pinyin: Dàojiā; Daojiao, Chinese: 道教, Pinyin: Dàojiào) and strongly influenced other schools, such as Legalism, Confucianism and Chinese Buddhism, which when first introduced into China was largely interpreted through the use of Daoist words and concepts. Many Chinese artists, including poets, painters, calligraphers, and even gardeners have used the Daodejing as a source of inspiration. Its influence has also spread widely outside East Asia, and is amongst the most translated works in world literature. The Wade--Giles romanization "Tao Te Ching" dates back to early English transliterations in the late 19th century; its influence can be seen in words and phrases that have become well-established in English. "Daodejing" is the pinyin romanization.(Summary adapted from wikipedia.org - attribution: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tao_Te_Ching&action=history) - SUBSCRIBE to Greatest Audio Books: http://www.youtube.com/GreatestAudioBooks - Become a FRIEND: Facebook: http://www.Facebook.com/GreatestAudioBooks Google+: - READ along by clicking (CC) for Closed Caption Transcript! - LISTEN to the entire audiobook for free! Chapter listing, START TIME, and (length): Chapters 1-9 -- 00:00:00 (00:08:56) Chapters 10-18 -- 00:08:56 (00:10:19) Chapters 19-27 -- 00:30:03 (00:10:48) Chapters 28-37 -- 00:40:51 (00:11:13) Chapters 38-45 -- 00:52:04 (00:10:25) Chapters 46-54 -- 01:02:29 (00:10:16) Chapters 55-63 -- 01:12:46 (00:12:09) Chapters 64-72 -- 01:24:55 (00:10:21) Chapters 73-81 -- 01:35:16 (00:10:26) #tao #dao #daodejing #audiobook #audiobooks #greatestaudiobooks Read by Eric S. Piotrowski Total runtime: 1:34:53 This is a Librivox recording. All Librivox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer visit librivox.org. This video: Copyright 2013. Greatest Audio Books. All Rights Reserved.
Views: 59188 Greatest AudioBooks
What If It Us Launch Event
Launch event for Becky Albertalli and Adam Silvera's What If It's Us! Recorded at the Milton Library on 9 October 2018
Views: 88 Gryffindor Books
Disclosure Event and the Spirit Guide Awakening
Private Sessions / Questions / Learn to Channel Ivan Teller Services Overview https://youtu.be/F50rg5KgaRs Book A Private Session https://youtu.be/eTGulJYd2Kw Submit A Question https://youtu.be/qy98UgxeoNU
Views: 696 Ivan Teller
FMK: Being Shallow Part 1 of 2 (Relationship Advice)
THE TAO OF FREDDIE'S MODERN KUNG FU The Tao of Freddie's Modern Kung Fu (FMK) is a Martial Arts/Spiritual Life Development Academy on YouTube that specializes in the development of the body, mind, and soul. Freddie teaches on all aspects of life. Freddie's Martial Arts teachings are highly inspired by Bruce Lee's Tao of Jeet Kune Do and his life lessons come from his innate wisdom within that had been sparked by his understanding of the ancient wisdom of Eastern Philosophy, specifically Buddha, Lao-Tzu, Chuang Tzu, Lieh Tzu, Osho, J.Krishnamurti, Eckhart Tolle, Tao, Zen, Tantra, Abraham Maslow, Erich Fromm, and others. Freddie is serving the public as a: 1) Fitness Trainer 2) Martial Arts Instructor (Private) 3) Relationship Counselor 4) Spiritual Guide Personal and private instruction is available in Evanston, IL and Chicago, IL. FMK ON FACEBOOK: http://www.facebook.com/freddielee28?ref=profile FMK ON COMBATIVE CORNER: http://www.combativecorner.com FMK ON TWITTER: https://twitter.com/FreddiesKungFu RECOMMENDED WEBSITES OSHO one of the greatest sages ever: http://www.youtube.com/user/oshointernational?blend=1&ob=4 FREE books on Buddhism. http://www.budaedu.org/en/ Watch FREE Documentaries Online at: http://www.documentary-log.com/ Great Sages to learn from: Lao Tzu, Chuang Tzu, Buddha, Osho, J. Krishnamurti, Eckhart Tolle, Erich Fromm, Abraham Maslow, Bruce Lee, Alan Watts
Views: 223 Freddie's Modern Kung Fu
Joseph Devlin - How to Speak and Write Correctly - HQ - FULL AudioBook - Subtitles
📥 Download: 📗 Epub :http://www.loyalbooks.com/download/epub/How-to-Speak-and-Write-Correctly-by-Joseph-Devlin.epub 📘 Mobi (Kindle) :http://www.loyalbooks.com/download/mobi/How-to-Speak-and-Write-Correctly-by-Joseph-Devlin.mobi 📄 Text :http://www.loyalbooks.com/download/text/How-to-Speak-and-Write-Correctly-by-Joseph-Devlin.txt 📌 Chapter: ▫️ Chapter 00 : Introduction 00:00:00 ▫️ Chapter 01 : Requirements of Speech 00:02:31 ▫️ Chapter 02 : Essentials of English Gra 00:15:14 ▫️ Chapter 03 : The Sentence 00:56:01 ▫️ Chapter 04 : Figurative Language 01:25:21 ▫️ Chapter 05 : Punctuation 01:42:55 ▫️ Chapter 06 : Letter Writing 02:16:06 ▫️ Chapter 07 : Errors 02:42:38 ▫️ Chapter 08 : Pitfalls to Avoid 03:09:16 ▫️ Chapter 09 : Style 03:46:37 ▫️ Chapter 10 : Suggestions 04:14:21 ▫️ Chapter 11 : Slang 04:32:56 ▫️ Chapter 12 : Writing for Newspapers 04:50:33 ▫️ Chapter 13 : Choice of Words 05:09:33 ▫️ Chapter 14 : English Language 05:23:07 ▫️ Chapter 15 : Masters and Masterpieces 05:37:29 📝 Synopsis: A book on improving eloquence, proficiency and grammar in everyday communication. 'How to Speak and Write Correctly' is not a manual of the styles to use in speaking and writing, nor is it a manual for grammar. It is a simple, useful book for helping ordinary people in effective communication. It lays down and explains broad rules of communication, further giving useful tips for effective communication. The book also lists common mistakes in communication and offers suggestions on how best to avoid them. The book covers the requirements of speech with the three essentials being purity, Propriety and precision. It then looks at the essentials of English grammar by looking at the divisions of grammar and how they make or break effective communication. Next, the sentence is broken down into its constituent pieces and the structure is explained so that the reader knows how to construct coherent sentences. The book also discusses how to use figurative language to convey meaning in a vivid and impressive manner. The book then delves into punctuation, highlighting some of the common misuses and how to correct them. Those that still revere the art of letter writing will not be disappointed because the book has tips and tricks on writing letters for whatever purpose. A few chapters have been dedicated to errors made by authors ever so often and how to correct them. The book also explores style and how a writer can nurture his own style in order to express himself and appeal to his audience. There are many interesting points that are highlighted in this book and readers will find 'How to Speak and Write Correctly' a pleasant read for both those new in the language as well as seasoned English speakers.
Views: 372 BOOKODIO
Civ 5 in 6 Mins: Wu Zetian's Fountain - Civ V BNW LP Summary - Save Game Available
Random settings lead to an adventure as China. Lesson learned: find the Fountain of Youth immediately or else everything will get complicated later on. Dealing with Alexander is one thing, forward settling him in order to get the ultimate natural wonder is another. The Austrians and Egyptians also show up willing to fight any fight that is convenient - good at times, not so good at others. I do hope everyone tries their Chock-a-Lot and enjoys seeing Alexander's planes fly back and forth over Nanjing! Want to try this game yourself? The Brave New World saved game file is found at Saved Game file is here: https://www.dropbox.com/s/15tp7c35nq05rb5/FountainNWWu%20Zetian_0000%20BC-4000.Civ5Save Like it, Subscribe to the channel, all that fun stuff... Next Up: The Dene (a mod): http://youtu.be/IzZFTGHTkik Previous: Canada Again: http://youtu.be/9cQ6sj5hDYQ All Civilization materials belong to 2K games. My screenshots are for educational purposes and MAYBE to have a laugh or 8.
Views: 2361 ThatOtherJake
#AstrologyExplained | Sun in Pisces Feb 2016 - What's the meaning of your life?
#AstrologyExplained | Sun in Pisces Feb 2016 - What's the meaning of your life? The Sun changes signs this week. It moves from Acquarius into Pisces. This watery sign could be experienced as if you are swimming in a soothing haven. Or, you may feel as if you are plunged into a sea of hell. With the Sun joining Neptune in Pisces this is a very favourable combination to realise your dreams around creative endeavours. So reach for that paintbrush, pick up the camera or write that love song. Conversely, the experience of the Piscean Sun, is you maybe drowning in other people's dramas. The reason for this is because you are acutely aware of and sensitive to all the needs and energies that surround you. However, all is not lost as Jupiter give a clear steer in terms of how you can bask in your sense of personal significance. Mercury and Venus are still travelling together. This week they join forces in Acquarius, which moves you towards expressing your intellectual capacities. Particularly around looking for patterns in your life experiences. If you are able to connect the dots, you may well arrive at a place where you understand the meaning for your life. Instead of living other people's expectations for your life. The journey to transformation continues as Pluto is communicating with three other planets. Mars, Uranus and Neptune, equally want to be heard loud and clear! You are left with finding a way harness these energies to understand the meaning of your life. Find out how you can bring these elements together by watching this episode of Soul Stirring Astrology. Quote of the Week from Lao Tzu. "To the mind that is still, the whole Universe surrenders." Bybreen Samuels Channel https://www.youtube.com/bybreen https://medium.com/@BybreenSamuels https://twitter.com/@bybreensamuels https://www.facebook.com/nonprofitbooster http://www.nonprofitbooster.com/ https://plus.google.com/+BybreenSamuels https://www.instagram.com/bybreensamuels http://www.bbc.co.uk/academy/work-in-broadcast/article/art20150505135656552 https://plus.google.com/+BybreenSamuels https://vimeo.com/search?q=bybreen+samuels Keyword sun in pisces feb 2016 what does a sun in pisces mean? how to apply sun in pisces to improve my life how to apply sun in pisces to a horoscope how to apply sun in pisces to a birthchart how to apply sun in pisces to a zodiac
Views: 133 Bybreen Samuels
[SI4M] Seven Deadly Sin - Team Fight ( Vainglory)
Music : Years - Alesso
Views: 79 Snowwhite Izz
Batman: Arkham Knight - Gameplay Walkthrough - Part 15 - Gotham City
Batman: Arkham Knight - Gameplay Walkthrough - Part 15 - Gotham City Batman: Arkham Knight - Walkthrough Xbox One, PS4 and PC Gameplay Batman: Arkham Knight - Gameplay Walkthrough - Part 1 - Scarecrow: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=svKehtXruP4 Batman: Arkham Knight Playlist: http://bit.ly/1CiOpwY *Release Date: June 23, 2015* ---- • Subscribe: http://bit.ly/SXxBU0 • 2nd Channel Unboxing: http://bit.ly/1xWnbP7 • Steam Group: http://steamcommunity.com/gid/103582791434884572 • Website: http://www.dotaboyz.com • Twitch: http://bit.ly/13WF9je • Like Dota 2: http://on.fb.me/QE4DKe • Like our page: http://on.fb.me/Qmql6a • Instagram: http://bit.ly/1HA4xzy • Follow: http://bit.ly/RYkNQI https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batman:_Arkham_Knight Batman: Arkham Knight is an action-adventure video game developed by Rocksteady Studios and published by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment for the PlayStation 4 and Xbox One video game consoles, and Microsoft Windows. Based on the DC Comics superhero Batman, it is the successor to Warner Bros. Games Montréal's 2013 video game Batman: Arkham Origins, and the fourth and final installment in the Batman: Arkham series Batman: Arkham Knight is set within Gotham City, which is open to the player from the beginning of the game, allowing them to travel freely anywhere within its boundaries. There are no loading transitions while moving anywhere in the game. Many of the gadgets and the gameplay elements from the previous Arkham games return, including the grapnel gun, line launcher, batarangs, the countering system and detective vision. The "Disruptor" rifle can be used to disable or detonate enemy weapons and drone turrets, booby-trap weapon crates to shock enemies who attempt to arm themselves, and tag vehicles for Batman to track. Batman can use some gadgets while gliding, such as batarangs or the line-launcher. The player can fly Batman throughout the city using his cape, with gliding now allowing for faster, longer sustained flights, steeper dives and higher climbs. The grapnel gun can now be used to instantly switch directions during a glide, as well as being fired twice while in the air to chain grapneling moves together. There is also a new batarang sensor that can be thrown out to gain intel on the surrounding area. Nine months after the Joker's cremation after his death in Arkham City, Batman is struggling to come to terms with the absence of his nemesis and the uncomfortable feeling that the pair shared a bond deeper than either could admit.Without the Joker's chaotic presence, Gotham's citizens have never felt safer, and crime in the city has dramatically declined. However, this gives Batman's enemies, including Penguin, Two-Face, and Harley Quinn, a chance to unite with the singular goal of killing Batman. On Halloween night, Scarecrow threatens the city with his newly created strain of fear toxin and bombs planted throughout Gotham, forcing the evacuation of the city's six million civilians. Only criminals remain in the city, leaving Commissioner Gordon and the Gotham City Police Department outnumbered. Anticipating a new threat, Batman continues to develop crime-fighting technology and maintains a vigil over the city. Batman (Kevin Conroy), James Gordon (Jonathan Banks), Oracle (Ashley Greene), Robin (Matthew Mercer), Nightwing (Scott Porter), Azrael (Khary Payton), and Catwoman (Grey DeLisle). Alfred Pennyworth (Martin Jarvis), and Lucius Fox (Dave Fennoy). Scarecrow (John Noble), Penguin (Nolan North), Two-Face (Troy Baker), Harley Quinn (Tara Strong), Riddler (Wally Wingert), and Poison Ivy (Tasia Valenza). The Joker (Mark Hamill). Arkham Knight is revealed to be Jason Todd, with the new persona being a precursor to his Red Hood identity. Other villains include Firefly, Man-Bat, Deathstroke, Deacon Blackfire, Professor Pyg, and Simon Stagg. In addition, the Red Hood story pack features an appearance by Black Mask.
Views: 77 GameKeeperz
Bruce Berkowitz
A rare interview with Morningstar's Fund Manager of the Decade. Great Investor Bruce Berkowitz discusses The Fairholme Fund's controversial concentration in financial stocks and other unloved securities.
Views: 8547 WealthTrack
Rio Olympics 2016: PV Sindhu Confirms Medal for India, Enters Badminton Final
Rio Olympics 2016: Indian Badminton player PV Sindhu confirms another medal for India at Rio Olympics. India's PV Sindhu beat Japan's Nozomi Okuhara 21-19, 21-10 in the semifinals of the badminton women's singles. PV Sindhu will play for gold medal in the final. Earlier Sakshi Malik won a bronze medal in women's wrestling for India. SUBSCRIBE to India TV Here: http://goo.gl/fcdXM0 Follow India TV on Social Media: Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/indiatvnews Twitter: https://twitter.com/indiatvnews Download India TV Android App here: http://goo.gl/kOQvVB
Views: 506220 IndiaTV
Batman: Arkham Knight Walkthrough - Part 2 - A New Suit, A New Challenge
These videos were made with the PS4 version of Batman Arkham Knight. Spoiler warning! This video contains both gameplay footage and cutscenes from Batman Arkham Knight. Rating for Batman Arkham Knight : ★★★★ Batman: Arkham Knight is a 2015 action-adventure video game developed by Rocksteady Studios and published by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment for PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and Microsoft Windows. Based on the DC Comics superhero Batman, it is the successor to the 2013 video game Batman: Arkham Origins, and the fourth main installment in the Batman: Arkham series. Arkham Knight was released worldwide on June 23, 2015. Written by Sefton Hill, Ian Ball and Martin Lancaster, Arkham Knight is based on the franchise's long-running comic book mythos. Set one year after the events of 2011's Batman: Arkham City, the game's main storyline follows Batman as he confronts Scarecrow, who has launched an attack on Gotham City, causing a city-wide evacuation. Scarecrow, with the help of the mysterious Arkham Knight, is also able to unite Batman's greatest foes in an attempt to finally destroy Batman. One year after the death of the Joker during the events of Arkham City, Batman is struggling to come to terms with the absence of his nemesis and the uncomfortable feeling that the pair shared a bond deeper than either could admit. Without the Joker's chaotic presence, Gotham's citizens have never felt safer, and crime in the city has dramatically declined. However, this gives Batman's enemies, including Penguin, Two-Face, and Harley Quinn, a chance to unite with the singular goal of killing Batman. On Halloween night, Scarecrow threatens the city with his newly created strain of fear toxin and bombs planted throughout Gotham, forcing the evacuation of the city's six million civilians. Only criminals remain in the city, leaving Commissioner Gordon and the Gotham City Police Department outnumbered. Anticipating a new threat, Batman continues to develop crime-fighting technology and maintains a vigil over the city. Arkham Knight's Gotham City is approximately five times the scale of the open-air Arkham City prison in Arkham City. The game takes place in the center of the city, which is split into three islands: Bleake, Founders, and Miagani, with various districts such as the neon-tinged Chinatown, and the industrial shipping yard. Bleake Island features shorter buildings, disheveled areas, and abandoned docks, while Founders Island is a modern development of skyscrapers built on the ruins of Gotham slums, and Miagani Island is an older metropolis with Wayne Tower at its center. Oracle has set up her communications headquarters in the Gotham clock tower, which also houses a makeshift Batcave. Batman Arkham Knight Playlist ► https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list... More Walkthroughs Playlist ► https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC7bv... ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ Subscribe 💕 https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC7bv... Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/HyperionNet Twitter 💦 https://twitter.com/NetworkHyperion ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ Developer: Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment Publisher: Microsoft Studios Director: Sefton Hill Platform: PS4, Xbox One & PC Release date: June 23, 2015 Genre: Action-adventure Mode: Single-player Difficulty: Normal
Views: 692 Equation
Who Wins? || Green Lantern Vs Batgirl
Today's show is insane. It's too long, and not very accessible, but we love it. What we have here is four guys that care, about comics, about these characters, and about this competition. Everything you see here is the genuine article, and as long as it is I think we could have gone on for hours. Dale and I started this show because these conversations are ones that we were having anyway, all we wanted to do was put a camera in front of us whilst we were having them. Never has that been more true than it is here. We sincerely hope you enjoy today's episode, we are very proud. --------- LINKS --------- You Have Issues - http://www.youtube.com/user/jimsicle Talk Comix - http://www.youtube.com/user/thetalkcomix Our twitter: http://www.twitter.com/comicbookshow1
Views: 697 We Get Better
Da Liu Ren App for iPhone & Android
Download Da Liu Ren for iPhone: https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/da-liu-ren/id953472115?mt=8 Download Da Liu Ren Divination for Android Phones: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=daliurenandr.id The Master Application Da Liu Ren is an excellent reference manual for all those studying or using Da Liu Ren. Divination methods, Da Liu Ren 大六壬 (The Great LiuRen or Six Yang Waters), along with Qi Men Dun Jia 奇門遁甲 and Tai Yi Shen Shu 太乙神數, it is one of the collective Three Arts (San Shi 三式), China's Highest Metaphysical Arts. The application Da Liu Ren makes charting LiuRen Pan as easy as clicking a few buttons. This Application Includes: 1) Da Liu Ren Calculator: Find the Liu Ren Chart on any date you want with absolute precision, taking into consideration the Longitude and Time Zone of the area. 2) Daily and Hourly Stars: Nobleman | Heavenly Virtue | Monthly Virtue | Prosperity | Wealth | Golden Carriage | Academic | General | Fortune Noble | Day Virtue | Day Noble | Amnesty Noble | Heaven-Earth-Human Nobleman | Extraordinary Noblemen | Heaven Doctor | Internal - External Romance | Peach Blossom | Solitary and Lonesome | Sword | Post Horse | Day Breaker | Death God | Robbing Devil | Goat Blade | Flying Dagger | Golden Spirit | Stems Combo | Branches Combo | Stems Clash | Branches Clash. 3) Ba Zi - Four Pillars Calc Professional: - Precise and easy calculation of the Four Pillars of a person or any date you want. - 64 Hexagrams - 10 Gods - 12 Stages of Life - Na Yin - Stars and Gods: 12 Officers | 28 Xiu Fendu | Heavenly Noble | Monthly Noble | Nobleman | Intellect | Prosperity | Gold Carriage | Post Horse | Peach Blossom | Solitary Star | Forlorn Star | Robbing Devil | Death God | Sword Star | Dragon Virtue. This application is useful only to those who have learned, or who are learning Da Liu Ren 大六壬. The Great Liu Ren Method (Sun Bin Divination 孫臏預測學) has been recorded dating before Xia Dynasty in 2100 bc; and that it was practiced by the Yellow Emperor during the Creator Period.
Views: 554 Τάκης Καραγιαννόπουλος
Batgirl v Supergirl ll
WWE 2K17 https://store.playstation.com/#!/en-us/tid=CUSA05038_00
Views: 41 Jack Styles
TAKE YOUR DAMM SCREEN RECORDER
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Batgirl: A Matter of Family Walkthrough Gameplay Part 3 | Ghost Ship(Batman Arkham Knight DLC)
Batgirl: A Matter of Family Walkthrough Gameplay Part 3 | Ghost Ship(Batman Arkham Knight DLC). ITS HERE! The Batgirl DLC! I have been waiting for this DLC and am gonna roll these episodes out as quick as possible! Probably one of the most anticipated DLC EVER! Watch Myke play as Batgirl A.K.A Barbara Gordon and or Oracle, and wreck havoc in the Sea Gate Amusement Park to save her father, Commissioner Jim Gordon, from the Joker on this dark and rainy night. Enjoy! Thumbs up for Batgirl!? It really helps...A LOT :) In this absolutely insane finale for the Batman Arkham trilogy, Batman must battle his way through Gotham to take down the Scarecrow on this wretched night once and for all. Batman must fight against many super villains all united by the scarecrow, or Dr. Crane, however there is by far a more powerful force that batman must worry about on this very night, The Arkham Knight. He will use allies and gadgets such as the brand new Batmobile to win against his foes and save Gotham for the last time. Batman Arkham Knight Game Developer: Rocksteady Games Publisher: Warner Brothers Genre: Action/Adventure Platforms: Playstation 4 (PS4), Xbox One (XB1), and PC Release Date: June 23, 2015 ~SkyriMyke Previous Episode: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UpIYH9WPjCs Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCXRY... Twitch: http://www.twitch.tv/gaminlikemike Twitter: https://twitter.com/SkyriMyke
Views: 77 Myketrocity
Puppy Meeting Cat
The first interaction between out new Italian Greyhound puppy, Asher, and our 4 year old cat, Ezekiel!
Views: 297 Erin Reissig
Daily Horoscope Pisces March 1, 2017
Daily Horoscope Pisces March 1, 2017 http://www.AstrologyProphecy.com A misty sheen coats the world today, making the ordinary magical and the facts slippery. You feel like you're on a different wavelength than everyone else, thanks to the annual meeting of the glorious Sun and otherworldly Neptune in your sign. Your acute sensitivity may make insignificant tiffs seem more upsetting than usual, so try not to take them too personally. It matters less that people relate to how you feel, and more that you experience the moment without resistance. Lao Tzu wrote, "Those who flow as life flows know they need no other force." There are 12 zodiac indications, they are broken into 4 classifications: Water Indications: Cancer, Scorpio, Pisces. Star indications represent the position of the natal world at the time of birth. There are a host of worlds with indications moving through them which likewise effect a person's psychological makeup. If you do not think about the primary qualities of your star indication to be precise, then look much deeper into your moon, sun, and other planetary places. Which is why we are each distinct, owing to the various worlds in various indications based on our birth. Astrology and the research study of the constellations and stars, bring us info about our feelings, state of minds, and sensations. From these observations started centuries back, we observe one of the earliest human systems to attempt and acknowledge particular qualities for individuals born throughout any one of the twelve star indications. The stars provide us insights and it is up to us to evaluate how they fit into our day-to-day lives. Thanks for watching and PLEASE subscribe to our channel Please Like and Subscripe to our channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCkehNwEkdwu8z6x1ej-s-gA?sub_confirmation=1 Visit Our Website at: http://www.AstrologyProphecy.com AND Like us on FACEBOOK: https://www.facebook.com/Astrology-Prophecy-163240317452666/ Wikipedia for Astrology: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrology #horoscope #dailyhoroscope #freehoroscope #horoscopesigns #freeastrology #starsigns #astrologytoday #astrologyfree #horoscopefortoday #freedailyhoroscope #astrologyonline #astrologyreading #astrologyprophecy #astrologyprops Other People Have Searched For: Daily Horoscope Pisces March 1 2017, pisces horoscope today, pisces daily horoscope, pisces daily love horoscope, daily pisces horoscope, pisces horoscope daily, daily horoscope for pisces, daily love horoscope pisces, daily pisces love horoscope, horoscope pisces daily, pisces daily horoscope for today, pisces daily horoscope today, horoscope daily pisces, my daily horoscope pisces, pisces daily career horoscope, free daily pisces horoscope, daily love horoscope pisces today, pisces free daily horoscope, www pisces daily horoscope, free daily horoscope pisces, daily horoscope pisces love, daily love horoscope for pisces, free pisces daily horoscope, daily horoscope pisces woman, pisces daily horoscope love, Astrology Prophecy, Astrology2468hike, astroloy props https://youtu.be/dNdvCzAEGS8
Views: 148 Astrology Prophecy
Ethan Frome by Edith Wharton | Audiobook with subtitles | Romance
Ethan Frome by Edith WHARTON Edith Wharton's 1911 novel Ethan Frome tells the story of a tragic love triangle. Set in the highly symbolic wintry landscape of Starkfield, Massachusetts, the narrative centers on the title character's fraught relationships with his "sickly, cantankerous" wife Zeena and his young, beautiful cousin Mattie Silver. (Summary by Elizabeth Klett) Genre(s): General Fiction, Romance Audio Book Audiobooks All Rights Reserved. This is a Librivox recording. All Librivox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer visit librivox.org.
Views: 941 Audio book Audiobooks
The Fucking Spartans (Part 1)
The Fucking Spartans (Part 1). In this video, Joseph, the Chaos Terminator Lord is in an epic battle with his enemy, Damian, the Hero of Sparta, for determinate who is the World's Lord... Who will win? This is only the first part...
Views: 520 codeXwilliams
IKEA - Dauergast aus Schweden | TV Spot 2019
INFO!!! An Die Firmen, Produktionsunternehmen oder TV Sender, bevor Sie einen Antrag auf Urheberrechtsverletzung bei YouTube stellen, schreiben Sie uns gerne. Wir entfernen gerne im Anschluss das Video. Vielen Dank Herzlich Willkommen auf diesem Kanal, wenn dir das Video gefallen hat und du auch immer top aktuell informiert sein willst, was gerade im Angebot ist? Dann musst du uns abonnieren. Wir zeigen dir immer die besten Werbespots sowie TV Spots, somit bist du immer aktuell dabei, wenn es um das nächste Schnäppchen geht. Viel Spaß auf unserem Kanal und nicht abonnieren vergessen...
Views: 1036 TV Werbung 2019
Ancient world | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_history 00:02:42 1 Study 00:03:15 1.1 Archaeology 00:04:35 1.2 Source text 00:06:37 1.3 Timeline of ancient history 00:06:58 2 Chronology 00:07:07 2.1 Prehistory 00:09:13 2.1.1 Middle to Late Bronze Age 00:12:10 2.1.2 Early Iron Age 00:14:50 2.1.3 Axial Age 00:19:45 3 Developments 00:19:54 3.1 Religion and philosophy 00:22:57 3.2 Science and technology 00:25:56 3.3 Maritime activity 00:27:05 3.4 Warfare 00:28:36 3.5 Artwork and music 00:29:32 4 Timelines 00:29:42 4.1 Comparative timeline 00:29:51 4.2 Comparison table 00:30:00 4.3 Historical ages 00:30:10 5 History by region 00:30:19 5.1 Southwest Asia (Near East) 00:30:57 5.1.1 Mesopotamia 00:35:28 5.1.2 Rise of Persia 00:39:31 5.1.3 Armenia 00:41:31 5.1.4 Israel 00:43:34 5.1.5 Others 00:45:24 5.2 Afro-Asiatic Africa 00:45:34 5.2.1 Carthage 00:46:33 5.2.2 Egypt 00:48:48 5.2.3 Nubia 00:51:27 5.2.4 Land of Punt 00:53:12 5.2.5 Axum /Ancient Ethiopia 00:54:57 5.3 Niger-Congo Africa 00:55:06 5.3.1 Nok culture 00:56:08 5.4 South Asia 01:03:16 5.5 East Asia 01:03:25 5.5.1 China 01:09:21 5.5.2 Neighbors of China 01:14:46 5.6 Americas 01:15:18 5.6.1 Andean civilizations 01:16:22 5.6.2 Mesoamerica 01:18:08 5.7 Northern America 01:18:57 5.8 Europe 01:19:06 5.8.1 Etruria, Greece and Rome 01:24:52 5.8.2 Late Antiquity 01:25:43 5.8.3 Nomads and Iron Age Peoples 01:29:21 6 End of the Period 01:31:29 7 Maps 01:31:38 8 See also Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio: https://assistant.google.com/services/invoke/uid/0000001a130b3f91 Other Wikipedia audio articles at: https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=wikipedia+tts Upload your own Wikipedia articles through: https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts Speaking Rate: 0.9775363216692673 Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-F "I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think." - Socrates SUMMARY ======= Ancient history as a term refers to the aggregate of past events from the beginning of writing and recorded human history and extending as far as the post-classical history. The phrase may be used either to refer to the period of time or the academic discipline. The span of recorded history is roughly 5,000 years, beginning with Sumerian Cuneiform script; the oldest discovered form of coherent writing from the protoliterate period around the 30th century BC. Ancient History covers all continents inhabited by humans in the 3,000 BC – 500 AD period. The broad term Ancient History is not to be confused with Classical Antiquity. The term classical antiquity is often used to refer to Western History in the Ancient Mediterranean from the beginning of recorded Greek history in 776 BC (First Olympiad). This roughly coincides with the traditional date of the Founding of Rome in 753 BC, the beginning of the history of ancient Rome, and the beginning of the Archaic period in Ancient Greece. The academic term "history" is not to be confused with colloquial references to times past. History is fundamentally the study of the past through documents, and can be either scientific (archaeology) or humanistic (history through language). Although the ending date of ancient history is disputed, some Western scholars use the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD (the most used), the closure of the Platonic Academy in 529 AD, the death of the emperor Justinian I in 565 AD, the coming of Islam or the rise of Charlemagne as the end of ancient and Classical European history. Outside of Europe the 450-500 time frame for the end of ancient times has had difficulty as a transition date from Ancient to Post-Classical times. During the time period of 'Ancient History', starting roughly from 3000 BC world population was already exponentially increasing due to the Neolithic Revolution which was in full progress. According to HYDE estimates from the Netherlands world population increased exponentially in this period. In 10,000 BC in Prehistory world population had stood at 2 million, rising to 45 million by 3,000 BC. By the rise of the Iron Age in 1,000 BC that population had risen to 72 million. By the end of the period in 500 AD world population stood possibly at 209 million. In 3,500 years, world population increased by 100 times.
Views: 12 wikipedia tts
Rottwieler, Puppies, For, Sale, In, Tucson, Arizona, AZ, Catalina Foothills, Lake Havasu City, Bucke
See more puppies at http://www.19breeders.com area, city, state, tiny, teacup, toy, standard, miniature, Big, Stocky, Large, county, North, West, South, East, metro, near, by, local dog breeders, For adoption, To Adopt, rescue, Eagar, Three Points, Thatcher, Colorado City, Lake of the Woods, Kayenta, Rincon Valley, Paulden, San Carlos, Chinle, Whiteriver, Pinetop-Lakeside, Fort Defiance, Taylor, Clarkdale, Citrus Park, Dewey-Humboldt, San Manuel, Oracle, Summit, Willcox, Quartzsite, Avenue B and C, St. Johns, Sacaton, Carefree and Clifton, Ajo, Window Rock, Central Heights-Midland City, Parker, Williams, Cornville, Wellton, Superior, Heber-Overgaard, Cordes Lakes, Linden, Mohave Valley, Kachina Village, Swift Trail Junction, Desert Hills, Pima, Star Valley, Valle Vista, Pinetop Country Club, Black Canyon City, Cienega Springs, Morenci, Casa Blanca, First Mesa, Kearny, Springerville, Gila Bend, St. David, Claypool, Great pet crates, quality designer puppy playpens, available for house training, potty training, Toys, Beds, Leashes, Collars, Shampoo, Puppy Food, Brushes, Harness. 19Breeders offers great tips on house training, potty training.
Views: 164 Fredrick Hines
Batman Arkham City - Batgirl Windows 7 Wallpaper 03
Download - http://www.fileserve.com/file/hDWQCB9
Views: 3135 MortalDeathGod
History of China | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: History of China Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through: https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts "The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." - Socrates SUMMARY ======= The earliest known written records of the history of China date from as early as 1250 BC, from the Shang dynasty (c. 1600–1046 BC). Ancient historical texts such as the Records of the Grand Historian (c. 100 BC) and the Bamboo Annals (296 BC) describe a Xia dynasty (c. 2070–1600 BC) before the Shang, but no writing is known from the period, and Shang writings do not indicate the existence of the Xia. The Shang ruled in the Yellow River valley, which is commonly held to be the cradle of Chinese civilization. However, Neolithic civilizations originated at various cultural centers along both the Yellow River and Yangtze River. These Yellow River and Yangtze civilizations arose millennia before the Shang. With thousands of years of continuous history, China is one of the world's oldest civilizations, and is regarded as one of the cradles of civilization.The Zhou dynasty (1046–256 BC) supplanted the Shang, and introduced the concept of the Mandate of Heaven to justify their rule. The central Zhou government began to weaken due to external and internal pressures in the 8th century BC, and the country eventually splintered into smaller states during the Spring and Autumn period. These states became independent and warred with one another in the following Warring States period. Much of traditional Chinese culture, literature and philosophy first developed during those troubled times. In 221 BC Qin Shi Huang conquered the various warring states and created for himself the title of Huangdi or "emperor" of the Qin, marking the beginning of imperial China. However, the oppressive government fell soon after his death, and was supplanted by the longer lived Han dynasty (206 BC–220 AD). Successive dynasties developed bureaucratic systems that enabled the emperor to control vast territories directly. In the 21 centuries from 206 BC until AD 1912, routine administrative tasks were handled by a special elite of scholar-officials. Young men, well-versed in calligraphy, history, literature, and philosophy, were carefully selected through difficult government examinations. China's last dynasty was the Qing (1644–1912), which was replaced by the Republic of China in 1912, and in the mainland by the People's Republic of China in 1949, resulting in two de facto states claiming to be the legitimate government of all China. Chinese history has alternated between periods of political unity and peace, and periods of war and failed statehood – the most recent being the Chinese Civil War (1927–1949). China was occasionally dominated by steppe peoples, most of whom were eventually assimilated into the Han Chinese culture and population. Between eras of multiple kingdoms and warlordism, Chinese dynasties have ruled parts or all of China; in some eras control stretched as far as Xinjiang and Tibet, as at present. Traditional culture, and influences from other parts of Asia and the Western world (carried by waves of immigration, cultural assimilation, expansion, and foreign contact), form the basis of the modern culture of China.
China | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China 00:03:22 1 Names 00:06:13 2 History 00:06:22 2.1 Prehistory 00:07:29 2.2 Early dynastic rule 00:08:59 2.3 Imperial China 00:15:25 2.4 End of dynastic rule 00:18:05 2.5 Republic of China (1912–1949) 00:21:22 2.6 People's Republic of China (1949–present) 00:25:45 3 Geography 00:26:47 3.1 Landscape and climate 00:29:26 3.2 Biodiversity 00:32:17 3.3 Environmental issues 00:36:01 3.4 Political geography 00:37:52 4 Politics 00:39:12 4.1 Communist Party 00:40:27 4.2 Government 00:41:50 4.3 Administrative divisions 00:42:57 4.4 Foreign relations 00:45:02 4.4.1 Trade relations 00:48:30 4.4.2 Territorial disputes 00:50:08 4.4.3 Emerging superpower status 00:50:59 4.5 Sociopolitical issues, human rights and reform 00:57:08 5 Military 01:00:57 6 Economy 01:02:22 6.1 Economic history and growth 01:05:59 6.2 China in the global economy 01:09:19 6.3 Class and income inequality 01:10:57 7 Science and technology 01:11:08 7.1 Historical 01:12:30 7.2 Modern era 01:15:37 8 Infrastructure 01:15:46 8.1 Telecommunications 01:17:34 8.2 Transport 01:22:54 8.3 Water supply and sanitation 01:23:45 9 Demographics 01:27:08 9.1 Ethnic groups 01:28:40 9.2 Languages 01:31:07 9.3 Urbanization 01:32:40 9.4 Education 01:35:28 9.5 Health 01:38:05 9.6 Religion 01:41:26 10 Culture 01:44:17 10.1 Literature 01:46:24 10.2 Cuisine 01:48:06 10.3 Sports 01:51:09 11 See also Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio: https://assistant.google.com/services/invoke/uid/0000001a130b3f91 Other Wikipedia audio articles at: https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=wikipedia+tts Upload your own Wikipedia articles through: https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts Speaking Rate: 0.887171290251184 Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-A "I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think." - Socrates SUMMARY ======= China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around 1.404 billion. Covering approximately 9,600,000 square kilometers (3,700,000 sq mi), it is the third- or fourth-largest country by total area. Governed by the Communist Party of China, the state exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing), and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau. China emerged as one of the world's earliest civilizations, in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain. For millennia, China's political system was based on hereditary monarchies, or dynasties, beginning with the semi-legendary Xia dynasty in 21st century BCE. Since then, China has expanded, fractured, and re-unified numerous times. In the 3rd century BCE, the Qin reunited core China and established the first Chinese empire. The succeeding Han dynasty, which ruled from 206 BC until 220 AD, saw some of the most advanced technology at that time, including papermaking and the compass, along with agricultural and medical improvements. The invention of gunpowder and movable type in the Tang dynasty (618–907) and Northern Song (960–1127) completed the Four Great Inventions. Tang culture spread widely in Asia, as the new Silk Route brought traders to as far as Mesopotamia and Horn of Africa. Dynastic rule ended in 1912 with the Xinhai Revolution, when a republic replaced the Qing dynasty. The Chinese Civil War resulted in a division of territory in 1949, when the Communist Party of China established the People's Republic of China, a unitary one-party sovereign state on Mainland China, while the Kuomintang-led government retreated to the island of Taiwan. The political status of Taiwan remains disputed. Since the introduction of economic reforms in 1978, China's economy has been one of the world's fastest-growing with annual growth rates consistently above 6 percent. As of 2016, it is the world's second-largest economy by nominal GDP and largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). China is also the world's largest exporter and second-largest importer of goods. China is a recognized nuclear weapons state and has the world's largest standing army and second-largest defense budget. The PRC i ...
Ancient history | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: Ancient history Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through: https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts "The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." - Socrates SUMMARY ======= Ancient history as a term refers to the aggregate of past events from the beginning of writing and recorded human history and extending as far as the post-classical history. The phrase may be used either to refer to the period of time or the academic discipline. The span of recorded history is roughly 5,000 years, beginning with Sumerian Cuneiform script; the oldest discovered form of coherent writing from the protoliterate period around the 30th century BC. Ancient History covers all continents inhabited by humans in the 3,000 BC – 500 AD period. The broad term Ancient History is not to be confused with Classical Antiquity. The term classical antiquity is often used to refer to Western History in the Ancient Mediterranean from the beginning of recorded Greek history in 776 BC (First Olympiad). This roughly coincides with the traditional date of the founding of Rome in 753 BC, the beginning of the history of ancient Rome, and the beginning of the Archaic period in Ancient Greece. The academic term "history" is additionally not to be confused with colloquial references to times past. History is fundamentally the study of the past through documents, and can be either scientific (archaeology) or humanistic (history through language). Although the ending date of ancient history is disputed, some Western scholars use the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD (the most used), the closure of the Platonic Academy in 529 AD, the death of the emperor Justinian I in 565 AD, the coming of Islam or the rise of Charlemagne as the end of ancient and Classical European history. Outside of Europe the 450-500 time frame for the end of ancient times has had difficulty as a transition date from Ancient to Post-Classical times. During the time period of 'Ancient History' starting roughly from 3000 BC world population was already exponentially increasing due to the Neolithic Revolution which was in full progress. According to HYDE estimates from the Netherlands world population increased exponentially in this period. At 10,000 BC in Prehistory world population had stood at 2 million, rising to 45 million by 3,000 BC. By the rise of the Iron Age in 1,000 BC that population had risen to 72 million. By the end of the period in 500 AD world population stood possibly at 209 million.
Let's Play Batman: Arkham Asylum Part 22
We'll save some doctors in the aviary before finding out where Joker made his Titan formula. Then we'll try to find Poison Ivy and make her talk on how to cure the effects from Titan.
Views: 61 Mushroom Hedgehog
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Pittcon 2013 took place in Philadelphia for the very first time and attracted more than 18,000 attendees, 1,011 exhibiting companies from 28 countries and of course also us. We at IONICON showcased our most recent products such as the Liquid Calibration Unit (LCU), the IONIMED BET-med breath sampling inlet, and a full range of Trace Gas Analyzers based on PTR-MS and SRI-MS technology.
We feel that a live demonstration of our PTR-MS instruments is the best way to show their outstanding capabilities. Many visitors were attracted by the chance of doing real-time breath analysis and experienced the benefits of a quantitative and fast response, having a PTR-QMS 300 instrument connected to a special BET-med breath sampling inlet.
Thank you very much for visiting our booth at Pittcon!
Pittcon® is the world's largest annual conference and exposition for laboratory science. Pittcon 2011 will offer the latest technology and instrumentation from more than 950 exhibitors, a diverse Technical Program of over 2,200 abstracts to technical presentations, over 100 Short Courses to enhance your educational experience, and networking sessions that provide the chance to exchange innovative ideas with scientists from around the world.
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About Shelly Skandrani
Shelly Skandrani is known for her critically acclaimed role in Showtime's popular Holocaust film 'The Devil's Arithmetic' starring Kirsten Dunst and Brittany Murphy, and produced by Dustin Hoffman and Mimi Rogers, Shelly had to shave her head on camera to portray a young bride whose wedding ceremony is destroyed when Nazi soldiers invade her Polish village and carry her and her community to the concentration camps.
"But it is the quiet, honest performances of young actors from the United States, Canada and Europe Brittany Murphy, Shelly Skandrani and Kirsten Dunst that carry this picture and infuse it with power." -New York Daily News
Shelly Skandrani is an award-winning Middle Eastern and North African filmmaker, who was born in Tel Aviv, Israel, and grew up in London, England. This mixture of extremes sparked her interest in anthropology, and Shelly has spent a vast amount of my time traveling the world and studying different cultures. She is a driven and imaginative, creative writer with a strong and versatile female voice, and almost 30 years of experience in the entertainment industry.
Shelly began her career acting on the stages of London at nine years old and writing poetry, as well as short stories, at twelve years old. Upon arriving in Los Angeles, Shelly moved into screenwriting, and recently also completed her first memoir.
Shelly Skandrani is a founding member and Head of Marketing of the non-profit organization Women Creating Change for female filmmakers from the Middle East and North Africa.
Shelly Skandrani's films span across many genres and incorporate culture diversity, human rights, and activist themes to inspire growth and unity. In her various roles within the film industry Shelly has worked with the likes of Dustin Hoffman, Kirsten Dunst, Mimi Rogers, Brittany Murphy, Paul Freeman, Sarah Gavron, Jason London and many more.
Shelly Skandrani
West Hollywood, California, United States
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Quebec tables balanced budget; says economic climate remains 'favourable'
Quebec Finance Minister Carlos Leitao, centre, is applauded by members of the government as he stands to present his budget speech, Thursday, March 17, 2016 at the Quebec Legislature.
Jacques Boissinot
Nicolas Van Praet
Quebec's Liberal government says it has the province's finances under control. Now it has to figure out how to propel economic growth with one of the world's most rapidly aging populations.
Two years after coming to powerin an election that left the separatist Parti Québécois in disarray, Premier Philippe Couillard's government on Thursday tabled its second consecutive balanced budget. While Alberta reels under an oil-prices crash that shows no sign of abating and Ontario will continue to grapple with deficits until next year at least, Quebec is emerging from the other end of a $7.6-billion cost-cutting effort with a spring in its step and plans to give some of the cuts back to voters.
"To use one of the Premier's favourite images, our ship successfully sailed through rough seas and we are now entering calmer waters," Finance Minister Carlos Leitao told the legislature in his budget speech. He said the province must now capitalize on lower oil prices and the dollar's depreciation to tackle structural factors slowing its economic growth to below 2 per cent.
After reining in program-spending growth to 1.6 per cent for 2014-15 and holding it at that level the year after, Quebec is now in a position to loosen the purse strings a bit this year to a 2.7-per-cent growth rate. As of 2017-2018, program spending will increase at an annual rate of 2.8 per cent, Mr. Leitao said.
All the financial targets presented Thursday provide for a balanced budget for the next five fiscal years, suggesting the government has no intention to return to big spending even in a crisis.
"He's not going to do what other finance ministers have done in the past, that is bring back the big punchbowl," said Sébastien Lavoie, assistant chief economist at Laurentian Bank. "You can't free up money and start providing tax relief or spending for everyone out there. You need to be more surgical about it."
Middle-class families are among those who will get almost immediate relief. The Liberals announced they would cut by half the fee parents pay for a second child receiving subsidized child care. The new fees, which are coming due now at tax time, have become a source of irritation for parents who argue Quebeckers are already among the highest-taxed Canadians.
As expected, Quebec is also putting an early end to the health contribution paid by 4.5 million taxpayers. It will now be phased out over two years ending in December, 2017. And it's introducing a new tax credit of 20 per cent for "ecofriendly home renovations" – a popular measure that's sure to boost revenue for suppliers and contractors.
Where opposition parties in Quebec have been most effective in needling the government has been on the issue of economic development. Several companies based overseas have scaled back growth plans in the province in recent months in light of tougher business conditions, making the government's campaign pledge to create 250,000 jobs over five years appear ridiculous to some. Highlighting the shortcoming, a senior-level bureaucrat in the economic ministry recently told a committee hearing his department worked without "quantifiable objectives."
"There is no global vision here," said PQ finance critic Nicolas Marceau, noting non-residential business investment in the province this year is expected to be zero. "The 250,000 jobs was a promise, a target. Then it became a myth. And now it's disappeared altogether [in the budget document]. It doesn't exist any more."
On Thursday, Mr. Leitao sought to build on the government's existing economic plan – one anchored on the Plan Nord and Maritime strategies – and said the government expects to spend $7-billion over the next five years to speed up Quebec's shift to an innovative, clean and digital economy. The spending includes a new electricity rate discount for companies initiating major investment projects in manufacturing and resources, as well as a new business tax credit for major digital-transformation projects.
Business leaders applauded the moves, saying that with very limited available resources, the government is trying to push Quebec's companies to improve their operations. "[This is] giving signals to businesses to kind of get in the action" and do more to create growth, said Françoise Bertrand, president of the Fédération des chambres de commerces du Québec.
"The government could have chosen today to invest all their money in health and education," said Eric Tétrault, head of the Manufacturiers et Exportateurs du Québec. "But they recognized the economic urgency of doing something now."
One of the key challenges Quebec faces is an aging population. Forecasters have been warning for years of an impending decrease in the potential labour pool as more and more people leave the work force. Now, it's happened – the number of Quebeckers aged 15 to 65 is declining in absolute terms.
The government is trying to create incentives to work and improve training, with the thinking that greater productivity will foster greater economic growth. To that end, it announced three new tax measures, including the enhancement of so-called "work premiums," which are designed to get people off last-resort financial assistance and join the labour market.
Powered in part by stronger international exports, the government projects Quebec's economy will grow 1.5 per cent this year and 1.6 per cent next year. The Coalition Avenir Québec opposition party said the government appears resigned to accept that tepid growth. Others say that in a world with so many unknowns, that might be as good as it's going to get.
"I think we have to get used to it," said Mr. Tétrault. "There's not enough people in the marketplace, there's not enough ideas, there's not enough projects for us to be able to hope for the 3 to 4 per cent GDP growth we used to have in previous years."
SIX HIGHLIGHTS FROM THE BUDGET
Maintains budget balance while paying down $2-billion of debt this year. Goal is to bring the current debt ratio of about 55 per cent of GDP to 45 per cent by 2026.
Lowers projections for Quebec's economic growth slightly to 1.5 per cent for 2016. Government says despite global uncertainty, Quebec's economic climate remains "favourable."
Government making it a priority to invest in education. Additional investments of $1.2-billion to improve service to students and improve schools. Education spending to be raised to 3 per cent for 2016-2017 from 0.9 per cent last fall.
A new tax credit of 20 per cent for ecofriendly home renovations.
Easing the burden of existing daycare fees: Government offering parents a 50-per-cent reduction in their additional contribution for a second child in subsidized childcare. Measure is retroactive.
A new electricity rate discount for businesses in manufacturing and resource sectors representing up to 50 per cent of the investments made.
Liberal budget will be a big test for Mulcair
Quebec City aquarium celebrates two rare walrus pregnancies
Follow Nicolas Van Praet on Twitter @NickVanPraet
|
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Russia performed in Sacramento
1:18 22.04.2014 • Elena Studneva , columnist for "International Affairs" magazine
An event of great importance took place in the cultural life of Sacramento, out of the meetings and memories of companionship and a passion to do something good, the play "Through the looking glass" was born. Our compatriots: diplomats and programmers, teachers and musicians, interpreters and just wonderful people, became its creators. The story, direction, props, musical parts, and the ensembled cast, were all the offspring of the creative community living and working close to each other, but far from the Russia of their fellow citizens. For many of them, the play was their first experience on stage, and for some the stage was once a second home. When we lived together in a country called the Soviet Union, and read almost the same books, the constant companion of our youth was the "Scarlet Sails" by Alexander Grin. One of the novel's characters, Captain Gray, "discovered" for us the simple truth of happiness, which is "to make so-called miracles with your own hands." The play "Through the looking glass" became such a miracle. This is what Taisia Suvorova, Vice President of the "Wings Foundation" wrote about it for our magazine.
"A portrait of bygone years"
Carefully open the door to the space named memory, see dear and lovely faces framed by long years, walk through an entire era, gently touching its omens - this is the literary and musical performance of "Through the looking glass", which was performed recently in Sacramento (CA). It was shot through with the warm light of Love, gentle, alarming, perpetual, enticing and rewarding.
The author of this play is already familiar to us. It is Natasha Owen, who a year ago became the Honorary Consul of Russia in Sacramento. I'm sure many will agree with me that we, who live here, are lucky for her appearance in our city and its surroundings, and since then the lives of our fellow countrymen have been filled with new positive essence. First of all, there was the joy (and the luxury of course!) of human communication.
But Natasha was also lucky! Here she met true minded people, who also graced her life. Before our eyes we see a unique creative union of two Natasha's: Owen and Shamrock. One is an author, the other a director. Once upon a time, the director fell in love with the author's tale, and seeing an inner vision of its stage potential, Natasha Shamrock dared to stage the first performance of "My Paris".
This theatrical exercise turned out to be so remarkable, and won so many fans, that it became obvious that they were part of a cohesive artistic team which should never be parted, and should dare to live on and on!
Next came the literary-musical performance of "Wings." With the light touch of both Natasha's, the latest performance was based on short stories about those years when the author and director were younger, when the lilacs and cherries were fragrant, and the songs more heartfelt ... In the play with the title "Through the Looking Glass" colorful characters from ordinary everyday life are gathered together, who in the past had just been neighbors, acquaintances, friends, such as everybody meets over the years. But snatched from the labyrinths of memory, they become extraordinary characters who summarize many years of experience of life, which have brought with them philosophical perfection.
However, the old-dreamer played by Natasha Shamrock, living her last few years on borrowed time, continued to look at the world "with an easy grace." This extraordinary old woman lived in a world of illusions, but was also aware that a certain reality exists, and was only occasionally afraid, no matter how confusing parallel circumstances might be ... The images and melodies on stage, were filled to the brim with all the essence of this indomitable old woman so sensitively, that the viewer was left with an uneasy feeling of unreality. Even the presence of a sweet, touching Ninotchka (a small but expressive part performed by Galina Turovskaya) could not leave you with the hope that all of this was actually real.
What a breath of sadness envelopes the story of "Godmother Anya" ... Olya Sokol colorfully played Anya in her younger years, and Natasha Shamrock played the part of the godmother at the time of her last meeting with the author. It was the image of an elderly woman, summing up the past, yet quite a different one, one without romantic flair, one not able to overcome the vicissitudes of life...
The spectators were completely smitten with the performance of Sergei Nemolyaev, who played two roles: husband of the staid, but lively and sympathetic Capa, working in a clinic on Zelinsky Street in Tashkent (whose character was truthfully performed by Victoria Prisakaru), and also the husband of the head of a pharmacy in a remote mining town in the Urals: the sparkling, attractive, compelling and mysterious Augusta (with an excellent performance by Oksana Sitnitskaya).
Also, the mysterious Shaydulla, played by Artyom Turovsky, carried us away on life's horizon, to some unknown and enchanting worlds. Meeting with the charismatic projectionist (and he's also the director!) of the Syasya Summer cinema, Sergei Vinogradov, provided the local residents with wonderful joy. Valentina Leonidovna, a pianist with a rare gift, and truly devoted to music, did not receive the happiness that she deserved (whose musical image was elegantly embodied by Tatiana Scott, playing Chopin's music). Seven main characters, seven destinies, and seven sad endings ... But that is life, where sorrow and joy sometimes coexist inseparably...
In the context of the performance, recognizable pieces of music sound out, breaking into the open as if from a dream, or a daydream. Thanks go to a wonderful performance of the songs by Oksana Sitnitskaya and Tatiana Dragni. They wove together a wonderful musical latticework, along with Tatiana Scott on piano, Nicholai Prisakaru on accordion, and Anatolia Evsyukova on guitar. Some of the most pleasant moments of the performance were the dances performed by Dmitry Levko, Olya Sokol and Valery Rotar.
All together, one must specially appreciate that the whole performance was the result of the collective creativity of these true enthusiasts, and lovers of theater. Credit must go to Taras Serduk, who provided marvelous visual effects that defined the tone of "Through the looking glass." In addition, together with Andrei Kovalev, he was responsible for the sound system. Zara Akopyan was responsible for the lighting. The unique special effects, during which the characters literally disappeared, and dissolved to the backstage area, was designed and performed by a real magician, Valery Rotar. The video of this unique performance was filmed by Sergey Kuzmin.
The spectators and participants in the performance sincerely thanked all those who supported the establishment of a new literary and music studio under the auspices of the charity fund the "Wings Foundation." And, of course , the most touching , heartfelt words were addressed to the talent of Natasha Owen, who tirelessly shares with us her new inspirations, and the gracious hospitality of Natasha Shamrock and Sergei Vinogradov, whose home in the Lake of The Pines has already become a traditional stage platform , open for dialogue with spectators. That means for you and for me!
Taisia Suvorova
Vice president of the "Wings Foundation"
http://youtu.be/r8_ixJg_T38
http://youtu.be/sInTyWEQh20
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Gavin Ivey
Associate Professor Gavin Ivey
Associate Professor – Clinical Psychology
VU researcher at: Institute for Health & Sport
Choose your preferred contact method:
View ORCID profile
Alternatively to find someone else in VU Research you may wish to:
View the list of key VU Research contacts
Supervising & teaching
Section: Overview
Psychoanalytic theory and practice
Interview-based qualitative research
Available to supervise research students
Not available for media queries
About Gavin Ivey
Gavin trained as a clinical psychologist at Rhodes University, South Africa, and went on to lecture and supervise trainee psychologists at various South African universities. He migrated to Australia in 2010 and is currently the Clinical Psychology Masters Course Chair at VU, as well as Director of Professional Postgraduate Psychology Programs. Gavin is registered as a clinically endorsed psychologist and clinical supervisor with the Psychology Board of Australia.
Gavin's teaching and research interests concern the process of adult individual psychotherapy, particularly the unconscious influences on the psychotherapy relationship, and the teaching, learning, and supervision of psychodynamic psychotherapy. He is also involved in migrant psychology and gender research, with a focus on conflicted masculinities. Gavin is primarily a qualitative researcher, using psychosocial inquiry, auto-ethnography, thematic analysis, and interpretative phenomenological analysis to explore the nuances, layering and complexity of experience. He also practises part-time as a psychodynamic psychotherapist and clinical supervisor.
Gavin teaches Research Methods, Psychodynamic Psychotherapy, Professional Ethics, Child Observation, and Reflective Practice to postgraduates, and Introduction to Psychoanalysis at undergraduate level. He also supervises clinical masters students' psychotherapy case work. In his research supervisor capacity, Gavin works with honours, masters and PhD students conducting qualitative research projects.
Gavin is an elected fellow of the College of the International Journal of Psychoanalysis and is a member of the Glen Nevis Clinic Research Subcommittee, as well as the Community, Identity and Displacement Research Network. He is a reviewer for ten local and international scholarly journals.
Master of Social Science (Clinical Psychology)
Gavin has over 35 publications, with a selection listed here.
A more comprehensive list of Gavin's publications is available in the VU Research Repository.
Journal article (showing 10 of 35)
2020 Ivey, G., & Sonn, C. (200201). A psychosocial study of guilt and shame in White South African migrants to Australia. Qualitative Psychology, 7(1), (114-130).
doi: 10.1037/qup0000133
2020 Cooke, J., Ivey, G., Godfrey, C., Grady, J., Dean, S., Beaufoy, J., & Tonge, B. (200101). Patient-reported reasons for discontinuing psychotherapy in a low-cost psychoanalytic community clinic. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research,
doi: 10.1002/capr.12352
2019 Ivey, G., & Deans, C. (190101). Y model psychotherapy training: A qualitative investigation of students experiences. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 72(1), (9-20).
doi: 10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.20180005
2017 Ivey, G. (170301). Gender mobility in the countertransference: An autoethnographic investigation. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 17(1), (42-52).
2017 Sonn, C. C., Ivey, G., Baker, A., & Meyer, K. (170101). Post-Apartheid south african immigrants in Australia: Negotiating displacement, identity, and belonging. Qualitative Psychology, 4(1), (41-54).
2016 Ivey, G., & Phillips, L. (160702). Psychotherapy clients attitudes to personal psychotherapy for psychotherapists. Asia Pacific Journal of Counselling and Psychotherapy, 7(1-2), (101-117).
2015 Ivey, G. (151002). The mindfulness status of psychoanalytic psychotherapy. Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy, 29(4), (382-398).
2014 Ivey, G. (140301). The Ethics of Mandatory Personal Psychotherapy for Trainee Psychotherapists. Ethics and Behavior, 24(2), (91-108).
2014 Ivey, G., & Waldeck, C. (140102). Trainee clinical psychologists experience of mandatory personal psychotherapy in the context of professional training. Asia Pacific Journal of Counselling and Psychotherapy, 5(1), (87-98).
2014 Ivey, G., & Partington, T. (140101). Psychological woundedness and its evaluation in applications for clinical psychology training.. Clinical psychology & psychotherapy, 21(2), (166-177).
doi: 10.1002/cpp.1816
Go to Gavin's publications in the VU Research Repository
Research funding for the past 5 years
Funding is ordered by the year the project commenced and may continue over several years.
Funding amounts for contact research are not disclosed to maintain commercial confidentiality.
The order of investigators is not indicative of the role they played in the research project.
Evaluation of the gender equality through the Arts Grants Program
From: VicHealth
Investigators: Dr Kim Shearson, Prof Jenny Sharples, Prof Christopher Sonn
For period: 2019-2020
Collaborate with us, find out more
Collaborate & commercial research
Research & development innovation
Supervision of research students at VU
Currently supervised research students at VU
3 PhD Principal supervisor
Students & level
PhD (3) Principal supervisor
Completed supervision of research students at VU
Become a graduate researcher
Our support for graduate researchers
Graduate researcher scholarships
Other supervision of research students
Primary supervisor for one PhD student at Monash University, Department of Psychiatry.
Details of this Researcher's career are currently unavailable.
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Middle Readers
Poetry & Short Stories
"Johnson transports us to new places and keeps us there by exploring the threads that connect us."
Through the unique voices of the three kids, an eloquent, affecting story unfolds--the story of how one individual's warmth and kindness can heal so many hurts.
A Certain October
Scotty compares herself to tofu: no flavor unless you add something. And it's true that Scotty's friends, Misha and Falcone, and her brother, Keone, make life delicious. But when a terrible accident occurs, Scotty feels responsible for the loss of someone she hardly knew
Looking for Red
Mike, 12, describes what her life on Cape Cod has been like since her older brother disappeared while swimming in the ocean three months earlier. She still sees Red leaning against the shed and in her dreams.
A Cool Moonlight
Born with a rare and dangerous allergy to sunlight, Lila's spent her life hidden from the daylight-staying covered up and indoors until dark, only venturing outside after the sun has set and the moon's cool light shines.
The First Part Last
Bobby's a classic urban teenager. He's restless. He's impulsive. But the thing that makes him different is this: He's going to be a father. His girlfriend, Nia, is pregnant, and their lives are about to change forever.
Songs of Faith
After her parents divorce and her best friend moves away, a teen must adjust to her altered life in a small Ohio town.
Toning the Sweep
Fourteen-year-old Emily learns the ritual of "toning the sweep," a way of drumming a plow to create a sound that honors the deceased, in this tale of mourning and healing.
Sweet, Hereafter
Sweet never really fit in at home or at school, but she has satisfying friends and connections. Few are surprised when she leaves—or is kicked out of—her family home...
Marley has lived in Heaven since she was two years old, when her mother found a postcard postmarked HEAVEN, OH on a park bench and decided that was where she wanted to raise her family.
These books are available at Amazon.com
© 2022 Angela Johnson Contact Me
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Feminist infighting only takes our eyes off the real struggle
March 4, 2014 — Suzan
From The Guardian UK: http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/feb/25/feminist-infighting-eyes-off-real-struggle
As anyone who has written about feminism now knows, there's no criticism as virulent as the online invective that comes from your own side
Hadley Freeman
The Guardian, Tuesday 25 February 2014
There are so many terrific, beautifully observed details in Andrew O'Hagan's just-published article in the London Review of Books about his attempts to ghost Julian Assange's autobiography that it feels churlish to pick out just one. But for now, I'm going to have to be churlish. One of Assange's many contradictory traits nailed by O'Hagan is his obsessive antagonism with those on his side, and his apparent uninterest in his actual opponents: "Julian's relationship with the Guardian … appeared to obsess him … The Guardian was an enemy because they hadn't toed the line, whereas the Daily Mail was almost respected for finding him entirely abominable," O'Hagan writes.
This tendency – to turn on your own side rather than spending energy fighting the opposition – is by no means limited to deluded wannabe cult leaders with a messiah complex and bad table manners. You can see it on a daily basis in political parties. But the manifestation that I have been musing on much of late, currently all too clearly on display, is within the feminist movement.
The phrase "feminist infighting" is by now so smoothed-down through overuse that it is almost like a single word itself. Plenty of brilliant writers have written about how infighting destroyed feminism's powerful second wave in the 70s, including Nora Ephron in her painful and funny essay Miami about the fight between Betty Friedan and Gloria Steinem, and, at the more radical end of the spectrum, Susan Faludi's beautiful essay about Shulamith Firestone, published in the New Yorker last year. The question is whether feminism is trapped in its own Groundhog Day (RIP Harold Ramis) and undoing itself again in its fourth wave.
Judging from much of the recent coverage of modern feminism, the answer does seem to be yes. In a recent article in the Spectator, Julie Burchill, with her characteristic bluntness and dismayingly characteristic transphobia, denounced intersectionality – a major tenet of fourth-wave feminism – after her brief experience with it on Twitter last year, describing it as a "hissy-fitting hothouse". In the US, Michelle Goldberg recently wrote in the Nation about Feminism's Toxic Twitter Wars, detailing how bitter online battles among feminists scuppered various initiatives, and descended into bullying and – to use a term coined by second wave feminist Jo Freeman about precisely this problem – "trashing". "If there's something inherent about the way women work within movements that makes us assholes to each other, that's very sad," feminist activist Courtney Martin said to Goldberg.
That would be very sad. It is also, I firmly believe, not true – what would be the point in fighting for feminism otherwise? – but this is exactly why talking about feminist infighting is so difficult: it makes women sound like the bitchy babies that sexists have always suggested we are, incapable of being given any position of authority without throwing tampons at one another, and therefore best left in the kitchen. But, as anyone who writes about feminism now knows, there is no criticism more virulent than the criticism that comes from your own side, online.
Continue reading at: http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/feb/25/feminist-infighting-eyes-off-real-struggle
Posted in Uncategorized. Comments Off on Feminist infighting only takes our eyes off the real struggle
« The jet that ate the Pentagon
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"The Cracow's Old Town, the old capital of Poland, is laid around the wards of the Wawel Royal Castle. The 18th century city has the largest city square in Europe, numerous historic houses , rich palaces and churches. The great history of Cracow is visible in the remnants of 14th century city walls, the historical district of Kazimierz, with its historic synagogues, in the southern part of the city, the Jagiellonian University and the Gothic cathedral where the Polish kings are buried."
Cracow has served as the artistic heart of Poland for many centuries. It is the city of artists such as: Jan Matejko, Veit Stoss, Józef Mehoffer, Olga Boznańska or Julian Fałat; the seat of the oldest Polish University of Fine Arts, and a city with numerous galleries devoted to art both modern and old. The rich history of the city that is visible in its architectural layout, interiors of its churches and palaces and can be felt in the enchanting mood of its streets is also used for inspiration by many modern artists. Today Cracow is the second largest city in Poland and a thriving centre of academic and cultural life.
Apart from historical monuments, our guests, will also have a chance to enjoy the city parks and many renowned restaurants and cafes that offer specialities from the Polish cuisine and invite guests to dive into the atmosphere of the city. Most tourist attractions are located within the Old Town and the Kazimierz districts and are all easily reachable by foot. In case fast transport is needed, the extensive tram network is readily available.
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ASPCA names Koshka Cat of the Year!
In our previous article we talked about the delightful dog, Xena Warrior Puppy being awarded Dog of the Year.This time, Koshka (Russian for cat) is in the limelight as she has been awarded Cat of the Year by the ASPCA. This impressive kitty is no stranger to awards having also won the Diamond Collar Hero Award from Oregan Human Society earlier this year.
Xena Warrior Puppy is the Dog of the Year!
The ASPCA Humane presented the Dog of the Year awards to *drum roll please* Xena Warrior Puppy (what a name). The annual ceremony recognizes special animals and individuals who made a positive and lasting impact during the past year. Let's take a look into the life story of Xena Warrior Puppy and find out how she got her remarkable name!
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I was out running errands over the weekend and was passing through Pottery Barn - and discovered that they have some fabulous beach towels. And they're all on sale right now. ($39 regular price, on sale now for $29 each). They're generously sized at 40 x 72 inches and are finished with a fast dry finish so they'll dry faster.
These 2 floral designs are my favorite.
I also like the realism of the ocean inspired designs.
Treat yourself to an Hermes Beach Towel!
I know, this is "bedding" chic, but really, when you're at the beach - - your beach towel is sort of like your bed for the day. So... you might as well have a seriously chic beach towel too.
Of course the ne plus ultra of beach towels is the Hermes beach towel. Yikes, are they expensive though! Bluefly has some right now with at least a minor savings of 10%.
Hermes Grey Cub Printed Beach Towel, $459.
I know, that is really steep for a beach towel... but they are really nice. They're made with thick cotton terry and hemmed edges, good size (37 x 60") and made in France of course.
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NOWCAST WLWT News at 5:30pm
No. 1 Kentucky stays unbeaten, tops Tennessee 66-48
Devin Booker had 18 points and seven rebounds as No. 1 Kentucky picked up its defense in the second half and extended the best start in school history Tuesday night with a 66-48 victory over Tennessee.Kentucky is 26-0 for the first time, though the Wildcats finished the 1953-54 season with a 25-0 mark. It also matches the best start for a team coached by John Calipari, who won his first 26 games at Massachusetts in 1995-96 and was 26-0 at Memphis in 2007-08.Andrew Harrison scored 14 points and Trey Lyles added 10 for Kentucky (13-0 SEC). Kevin Punter scored 14 and Josh Richardson had 10 for Tennessee (14-11, 6-7)After shooting 54.2 percent (13 of 24) in the first half, Tennessee shot just 25 percent (8 of 32) in the second. The Volunteers were 2 of 17 from 3-point range.
KNOXVILLE, Tenn. (AP) —
Devin Booker had 18 points and seven rebounds as No. 1 Kentucky picked up its defense in the second half and extended the best start in school history Tuesday night with a 66-48 victory over Tennessee.
Kentucky is 26-0 for the first time, though the Wildcats finished the 1953-54 season with a 25-0 mark. It also matches the best start for a team coached by John Calipari, who won his first 26 games at Massachusetts in 1995-96 and was 26-0 at Memphis in 2007-08.
Andrew Harrison scored 14 points and Trey Lyles added 10 for Kentucky (13-0 SEC). Kevin Punter scored 14 and Josh Richardson had 10 for Tennessee (14-11, 6-7)
After shooting 54.2 percent (13 of 24) in the first half, Tennessee shot just 25 percent (8 of 32) in the second. The Volunteers were 2 of 17 from 3-point range.
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Ruby red with garnet reflection, clear and transparent.
Yellow color with green reflections, clear and transparent.
Ruby red , clear,transparent. A wood aroma mixes with the vanilla of Slavonia oak.
Strong ruby red , clear and transparent. Notes of cherry, raspberry and redcurrant.
Intense purple red with dried fruit bouquet.
Ruby red, clear, bright. Very pronounced fruit. Notes of redcurrants, cherries , plums.
Strong ruby red with notes of garnet, clear and transparent.
These wine ratings are based on a 100 point quality scale, and are selected by each publication's unique criteria.
Violet color with nose of cherry, roses, berry jam .
Ruby red , clear and transparent. Notes of vanilla, ethereal airs and sweet fruits.
Strong ruby red, clear and transparent. Notes of cherry, raspberry and redcurrant.
Strong ruby red with a light amber sheen, clear and transparent.
Copyright © 75CL 2016. All Rights Reserved.
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DG Message
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Under the Patronage of H.E. Sheikh Nahyan bin Mubarak
Emirates Autism Center Organizes the 14th Annual Autism Awareness Week Virtually
ADCCI
E Services Portal
Apr 26,2021
Abu Dhabi Chamber
Organized by the Emirates Autism Center (EAC) and in cooperation with the Abu Dhabi Chamber of Commerce and Industry, the 14th Annual Autism Awareness Week kicks off today under the patronage of His Excellency Sheikh Nahyan bin Mubarak Al Nahyan, Minister of Tolerance and Coexistence, from 26 – 28 April 2021.
On this occasion, Dr. Amal Jalal Sabri, Managing Director of the EAC, said that the Autism Awareness Week 2021 aims at instilling the concept of acceptance through the new name of the international autism celebration month as the Autism Acceptance Month. This comes along a campaign to shed light on the concept of Neurodiversity in people with autism spectrum and respecting the difference in their methods of dealing with the information away from calling them unrealistic names and which allows people with autism spectrum and their families to live a complete and quality lifestyle through communication and acceptance.
Dr. Sabri pointed to the initiative taken by the Emirates Telecommunication Company to put in place a new online browsing technique for people with autism spectrum that helps them obtain the information in a way that suites their neurodiversity and provides them with internet safety.
She added that the EAC also took an initiative in the same context by changing the logo of the center from the blue color into a new logo that reflects the acceptance of difference and neurodiversity of the people with autism spectrum. The new logo contains the purple color and conveys three concepts:
First: Autism is an example of neurodiversity, which is a paradigm that shows that diversity in the human brain is a normal aspect and a rich side of the human experiment. The logo shows the image of a brain and the colors reflect the neurodiversity, which is a well-known symbol across the globe.
Second: The importance of communicating and listening to voices of the people with autism spectrum, which means listening to their opinions and desires when taking any decisions related to them. This aspect is being shown in the logo by the sign next to the letter (A), an acronym for Autism. This signifies each of "communication" like the wifi communication in the logo, and the "voices", which are the voices of the people with autism spectrum.
Third: Autism is a spectrum, which means that people with autism differ greatly in their social and knowledge capabilities. This becomes clear in the logo by using a spectrum (light to dark colors) in the wifi symbol within the logo.
Abu Dhabi Chamber Support
For his part, His Excellency Mohamed Helal Al Mheiri, Director General of the Abu Dhabi Chamber of Commerce and Industry, said that for over 14 years, the Abu Dhabi Chamber has been committed to cooperating with the EAC by supporting and sponsoring the Autism Awareness Week that is being held annually in April in parallel with the World Autism Awareness Month.
"The Chamber's support stems from its belief in spreading the spirit of participation in the community, encouraging national institutions to shed light on the autism spectrum and the importance of supporting the specialized centers that are concerned with this group of people of determination," he said.
In regard to the 14th Autism Awareness Week, Dr. Sabri said that the week is made into two halves:
The first is organizing the Emirates Physical Fitness Championship for People of Determination on Tuesday, 27 April 2021, which will, for the first time, see the participation of five countries namely the UAE, Egypt, Lebanon, Oman and Syria. More than 500 people of determination players from 60 schools that have people of determination integrated into their classes are joining the championship.
The activities of the Autism Awareness Week will conclude in 28 April, which will include a tour inside all the departments of EAC, during which students with autism spectrum will perform some activities for the visitors.
The Autism Awareness Week aims at raising social awareness and accepting the people with autism spectrum as well as opening up new doors of cooperation for corporations and individuals to share experiences in the field of autism spectrum and helping public and private corporations to adopt the concepts of social responsibility towards this group, which are in need for support and integration.
The awareness campaign also aims at correcting the wrong concepts about people of autism spectrum.
Thanks and Appreciation
Dr. Sabri expressed her thanks and appreciation to His Excellency Sheikh Nahyan bin Mubarak Al Nahyan, Minister of Tolerance and Coexistence, for sponsoring the Autism Awareness Week for 14 consecutive years. "His kind patronage of the 14th Autism Awareness Week gave us the opportunity to shed light on the volume of the issue and take a look at the exerted efforts in enhancing the capabilities of people with autism spectrum and help them reach the highest levels of independency and to be active members in the social fabric," she said.
The Managing Director extended her thanks and appreciation to the Abu Dhabi Chamber for sponsoring the activities of the event for 14 years and for supporting the EAC in organizing it, drawing the best of examples in spreading the concept of social responsibility, which had a direct impact in organizing this humanitarian event over a period of 14 years.
She also extended her thanks and appreciation to Dolphin Energy, Fantasia Ballet Center, University of Dubai and the General International Company for supporting the center and in helping it take all the necessary precautionary measures during the COVID-19 pandemic to ensure the safety of students. She also thanked the different media outlets in the UAE for playing a pivotal role in enlightening the community and shedding light on the different aspects of the Autism Awareness Week.
2020 Achievements
De. Sabri highlighted the accomplishments of the EAC since the beginning of the pandemic, pointing out that despite the lockdown imposed by governments across the globe in an attempt to contain the pandemic including staying at home orders in March 2020, which led to the loss of a network of service providers; the center did not stop in performing its mission. "The EAC supported its students and their families by training the parents, each according to the state of their child, on how to perform the content of the programs with their children through remote communication applications.
The Center also organized sport competitions between the students to stimulate their energy. Such events gave pleasure to their parents for seeing their children remotely.
The center also documented the opinions of parents on the remote education services during the pandemic, in which many parents cooperated with the center's specialist after they felt their children progressing while learning remotely and have become aware of the programs their children are having inside the center.
The EAC also took part in the Special Olympics – UAE during the pandemic, during which sport competitions were held amongst the students of the centers in the UAE and saw the coaches of the EAC cooperate with the coaches of the Special Olympics to make the event a success.
The EAC also extended a helping hand for all non-public centers in the country to help them with their remote education through workshops that helped all of such centers carry on providing the same services after they were completely suspended.
The Center also took part in the awareness and technical virtual workshops of the Summer Family Festival Initiative organized by Abu Dhabi Municipality, in which the targeted audience were people of determination and their parents.
Since the beginning of the academic year 2020, the center participated in many events including the Special Olympics – UAE with Zayed Higher Organization for People of Determination, and the Arabs Championship in Egypt.
It is worth noting that there are 50 students attending the EAC, 50% of which are Emirati nationals. 42 percent of the students of the centers are integrated in schools and universities across the UAE.
The World Health Organization said in its latest editions on 2 April 2021 that the ratio of autism spectrum is 1:160 children worldwide and that the males to females ration is 1:4, which appears in early childhood with children three years of age and less. It also said that 70 percent of cases are accompanied with epilepsy, depression and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Update On20 Apr 2020
© 2021 Abu Dhabi Chamber
Abu Dhabi Chamber Discusses Trade and Investment Cooperation with AusBG
Mr. Helal Mohammed Al Hameli, Deputy Director General of the Abu Dhabi Chamber of Commerce and Industry for Advisory Centers and Council, held a virtual meeting online with Mr. David Sanderson, Representative of the Australian Business Group Abu Dhabi (AusBG), and Mr. Pankaj Savara, Commissioner of Western Australia Trade Office, to discuss solidifying trade cooperation between the Abu Dhabi Chamber and AusBG.
Abu Dhabi Businesswomen Council Launches the 6th Edition of Best Innovative and Creative Project Award in a New Fashion
The Abu Dhabi Businesswomen Council, a subsidiary to the Abu Dhabi Chamber of Commerce and Industry, has kicked off the 6th edition of the Best Innovative and Creative Project Award 2021 within its five-year strategic plans 2020-2021 to increase women participation in business entrepreneurship and to spread the culture of creativity and innovation.
Abu Dhabi Chamber Discusses Economic Cooperation with Armenia
His Excellency Mohamed Helal Al Mhairi, Director General of the Abu Dhabi Chamber of Commerce and Industry, has received His Excellency Mher Mkrtumyan, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Armenia to the UAE, at the Chamber's tower in Abu Dhabi and discussed with him the means of increasing joint economic cooperation between the two countries.
Abu Dhabi Chamber Discuss Strengthening Trade and Investment Relations with Pakistan Business Professional Council
Mr. Helal Mohammed Al Hameli, Deputy Director General of the Abu Dhabi Chamber of Commerce and Industry, has received Dr. Syed Qaiser Anis, President of the Pakistan Business Professional Council – Abu Dhabi (PBPC), at the Chamber's tower in Abu Dhabi. Dr. Hadi Shahid, Founding Member of the PBPC, Mr. Mohammed Eqbal Naseem, Vice President of the PBPC, and Ms. Sadia Rehan, Board Member of the PBPC, attended the meeting as well.
New Membership Registration
Certificate of Non-Membership
ColorHigh Contrast
Text Setting
© 2023 Abu Dhabi Government. All rights reserved
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When applying for employment, it is vital to be alert to the title of the particular individual or individuals who will review your own application. If it requests for just about any extra info, say something, anything can make you noticed. For instance, you can choose to get details about a certain company besides that which is given to their site, or you might want to request a former employer to supply a benchmark for you. On the lookout for employment in the current competitive market place could be tense and sporadically appear overwhelming. Figuring out the significance of pay letters, also if they are appropriate, could raise your job-hunting potency. When it has its attention to a certain field of company or even a certain professor you desire to work together with, your own private reason behind signing up to this application is probably going to make your resume cover letter stick out. State exactly where you're attempting to be more used and in the event that you would certainly be willing to proceed for places which he can have out of country or state. Nowadays you've the specification on the circumstance for employment shareable choice. Share exactly what position you're searching for. State which you are mindful there are no open places at the present moment, however, you would like to go considered for any future openings. For example, you may say that you just plan to call to research almost any open places. Protect letters usually do not have to become lengthy. A letter of petition ought to be written when you are attempting to find information or the help of the other person. Incorporate any excess information the receiver might have to understand about your request. Compose the 2nd paragraph, that ought to include of asking for the distinct request. Cover letters must revolve all over the huge benefits the business could achieve by utilizing the candidate. Exactly the specific very same fashion a cover letter may cause you to look well-qualified for one location, it might cause you to seem to be overqualified to get the next. The most efficient insure letters are lent to every single possible employer to get optimum effect. Look through an firm's site whilst to find more on the subject of individuals who may get your letter. From time to time, individuals only scan and don't examine the full letter. Persuasive letters ought to stay glued to significant small business letter arrangement. Protect letters are among the essentials of the job application method. Your portfolio letter has to be generic so you can then tailor it to a specific employer. An important portion of one's introduction need to incorporate a question-and-answer phase in which you know in regards to the customer's special demands and present answers and furnish hints. A concise debut needs to have grounds why you're applying to your circumstance. This outline might be properly used Asis to make some thriving program development proposition. The last paragraph needs to merely request a meeting. Check out to see if you should include your GMAT rating within the human body of your cover letter. Typically, the hiring group will question if you've got any questions. Most professionals must draft formal small business letters sooner or later within their careers. Discuss two to three relevant capabilities or adventures you will have the ability to bring into the supplier. Find more information regarding the company at which you are applying. Over the years, background publishing has obtained on a few definitions, and also lots of are unaware of its own chief usage.
sample ultrasound resumes Check out receipts alone aren't okay.
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Dubai is well known for its exciting entertainment outlets and spaces filled with fun and high spirits. To go with the trend, Zero Gravity is a high-end space which offers a unique space to bliss out, gather together, enjoy the multi-cuisine delicacies and slurp drinks in the city's dazzling environment, with excellent views. It is a perfect space for couples, youngster's and enthusiastic clubbers. A visit to this lounge is a must for getting a high-end experience of the nightlife dazzle of Dubai.
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Already a top choice in Germany, Austria, and Slovenia, Fismen is gaining world recognition as a specialist in Alpine style accordions. Traditional building techniques with a modern touch will bring power and beauty to your folk music. Made in Italy with 3 year factory warranty.
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Montreal: A priest was stabbed during a livestreamed morning mass on Friday at Canada's biggest church, Saint Joseph's Oratory in Montreal, police said.
The suspect was arrested at the Roman Catholic basilica shortly after the attack in front of 50 people and a television audience around 8:40 am (local time), while priest Claude Grou was taken to hospital.
Church spokeswoman Celine Barbeau said Grou, the church's rector, "was conscious when he left. We are hopeful he will pull through." Video of the attack rebroadcast by CTV showed the assailant — a tall man in jeans, a parka and a white baseball cap — chase the priest around the altar and stab him.
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YouTuber Jackie Aina Calls for Transparency From Major Beauty Brands -- Sephora, Glossier and More Step Up
By Desiree Murphy 1:50 PM PDT, June 8, 2020
Jackie Aina is encouraging the beauty industry to "Pull Up or Shut Up!"
The 32-year-old YouTube star announced a new initiative with UOMA Beauty founder Sharon Chuter via Instagram last week, in which they asked all beauty brands that posted about the Black Lives Matter movement to publicly reveal, within 72 hours, "the number of black employees they have at a corporate and executive level within their organizations."
"Dear brands and corporations, thank you for your public statements of support for the black community," Aina said in a video. "Be conscious that to ignore the role you have played and continue to play in depriving black people access to economic participation, demonstrates a lack of genuine desire for lasting change."
"We call on EVERYBODY to stand in solidarity with us in holding brands and corporations accountable," she continued. "So for the next 72 hours, DO NOT PURCHASE from any brand and demand they release these figures. Ask them to PULL UP for real change or SHUT UP and retract their statements of support."
Aina stressed that the 72-hour time period is all it would take to "drive long lasting economic change for black people."
"Stand for change. Ask these brands to PULL UP OR SHUT UP," she advised. "ALL BRANDS that have had partnerships with me, I challenge and highly encourage all of you to participate."
A post shared by Jackie Aina (@jackieaina)
The 72-hour deadline recently passed, and some of the most popular beauty brands -- including Sephora, Glossier, Tarte, Huda Beauty and L'OREAL USA -- have taken part in the initiative. With low numbers, which you can view on the Pull Up for Change Instagram page, many of these companies have already made a vow to be more inclusive.
"Brands sure did pull the hell up!" Aina said in an update shared to Instagram Stories on Monday. "I just feel like at this point everybody's canceled. I think it highlighted a lot of things that we knew about the beauty community but we couldn't really confirm. And beauty is my job, so some of these brands have definitely done some eyebrow-worthy things..."
"What does that mean for influencers like myself?" she asked. "It basically means at this point you just have to decide for yourself what's worth supporting and what isn't because... they're all problematic at this point."
A 2019 study, titled Being Black in Corporate America: An Intersectional Exploration (that was conducted by the National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago) found that leadership roles in corporate America have been largely compromised of whites. NBC News reported key findings from the study at the time, which included discovery that blacks represent less than 1 percentage point (0.8 percent) of Fortune 500 CEOs, and only 3.2 percent of executives and senior manager-level employees are black.
View the full report here, and watch the video below for more on how Hollywood is standing up to racial injustice following the fatal arrest of George Floyd last month.
Black-Owned Businesses in Fashion and Beauty to Support
The Best Swimsuit Deals to Shop for Summer -- Solid & Striped, Urban Outfitters and More
Pride 2020: Collections Giving Back to LGBTQ+ Organizations
Hollywood Speaks Out and Gives Back After George Floyd's Death
Related Gallery
Celebs Taking Part in Black Lives Matter Protests and Rallies
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Bishops of Local Orthodox Churches express support to Lviv diocese of Ukrainian Orthodox Church over arson attack on Church of St. Vladimir in Lviv
February 12, 2018 Ukraine
February 6, 2018. Following an arson attack on the Church of St. Vladimir in Lviv, which occurred on February 3, 2018, Archbishop Philaret of Lviv and Galich keeps receiving letters from hierarchs of the Local Orthodox Churches.
On February 3, a letter from Bishop Joanikije of Budimlje and Nikšić (Serbian Orthodox Church) came, in which he condemned the actions of the arsonists and expressed his support to the archpastor, clergy and laypeople of the Lviv diocese. "It is hard to believe that in the country, to which the holy prince had brought the light of Christ's Gospel, his churches are being subjected to arsons. This crime could only be committed by those who are completely devoid of Christian ethics and respect for the fundamental right of every human being to have his/her own house of prayer," the message reads, in particular. Bishop Joanikije also expressed his hope that the law enforcement agencies would do all within their power to find the criminals and would defend the right of believers to have their churches where they meet with God.
While referring to the arson attack on the church in Lviv and to the sorrows of the Church throughout its history, Bishop Jovan of Pakrac and Slavonia (Serbian Orthodox Church), mentioned in this context death camps in Jasenovac in Croatia, "where in the 20th century the blood of hundreds of thousands of Orthodox Christians was shed by those who also called themselves Christians." He assured Archbishop Philaret of his prayers and promised to raise the problem of sufferings and discrimination of the clergy and laypeople of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church while interacting with international organizations.
Metropolitan Panteleimon of Veroia, Naousa and Kampania (Orthodox Church of Greece) called the arson a sacrilegious act, regardless of who had committed it, as well as a shameful and mean manifestation of religious intolerance, and also assured Archbishop Philaret of his support.
Letters in support of the faithful of the Lviv Eparchy of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church were sent by the Primate of the Orthodox Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia His Beatitude Metropolitan Rostislav, Hegumen of the monastery Xenophon Archimandrite Alexy (Holy Mountain Athos), Metropolitan Amphilochius of Chernogorsk, Bishop John of Ioanniki, Archbishop of Lublin and Kholm Avel (Polish Orthodox Church), as well as the Metropolitan of Pereleimon (the Hellenic Orthodox Church).
Photo documents from the press-service of the UOC
https://mospat.ru/en/2018/02/06/news156312/
http://pravlife.org/content/polskiy-ierarh-vyrazil-sochuvstvie-v-svyazi-s-podzhogom-hrama-vo-lvove
http://pravlife.org/content/igumen-monastyrya-ksenofont-podzhigateli-hrama-vo-lvove-vragi-very-i-pravoslaviya
http://pravlife.org/content/blazhenneyshiy-mitropolit-rostislav-provokaciya-vo-lvove-ne-imeet-nikakogo-opravdaniya
http://pravlife.org/content/v-serbskoy-cerkvi-nadeyutsya-chto-vlast-budet-zashchishchat-svobodu-veroispovedaniya-v
http://pravlife.org/content/episkop-serbskoy-cerkvi-osudil-podzhog-pravoslavnogo-hrama-vo-lvove
http://pravlife.org/content/serbskiy-episkop-nameren-soobshchat-o-diskriminacii-upc-v-mezhdunarodnye-organizacii
http://pravlife.org/content/ierarh-elladskoy-cerkvi-podzhog-hrama-pozornyy-i-podlyy-postupok
Radicalists set on fire the church of the UOC of…
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Born April 20, 1937 in Merida, Yucatan, Mexico.
At age 20 he began covering boxing for weekly publications and eventually wrote for noted sports newspaper ESTO. At age 28 he left journalism to work as a matchmaker, arranging bouts three nights a week at Mexico's Arena Coliseo and Arena Mexico. He returned to ESTO and relocated to New York as their boxing correspondent and covered major fights around the world. As a manager and booking agent, Mendoza is one of the most respected in the sport. He has advised 26 world champions including Gilberto Roman, Oscar Larios, Chango Carmona, Javier Jauregui, Saul "Canelo" Alvarez and Hall of Famers Miguel Canto, Humberto "Chiquita" Gonzalez, Daniel Zaragoza, Alexis Arguello and Pipino Cuevas. Among Hall of Fame trainers he has worked with include Eddie Futch, Amilcar Brusa and Nacho Beristain. Throughout his 50-plus year career Mendoza has also worked with many leading promoters including Bob Arum's Top Rank and Oscar De La Hoya's Golden Boy Promotions.
|
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Snowflake raises $263 million for data warehousing
Snowflake Computing, a start-up based in San Mateo, California, announced $263 million in new venture funding to support its data warehouse business built for the cloud.
The company said it is seeing a global surge in demand for Snowflake's data-warehouse-as-a-service, which is now available across four AWS deployment zones. A big focus is on data analytics. The customer base grew by 300 percent in 2017. Notable accounts include Capital One, Lionsgate, Nielsen and Overstock.com.
"Data is the currency of today's economy and the data warehouse is the engine of that economy," Snowflake CEO, Bob Muglia said. "But legacy technologies still hinder organizations from becoming modern, data-driven enterprises. Snowflake's vision, which began with the data warehouse built for the cloud, has gained significant traction with enterprises across dozens of industries. Today's announcement further validates Snowflake's continued mission to enable a true data economy by removing the barriers that prevent enterprises from easily acquiring insight from all their data no matter where that data resides."
The new funding was led by ICONIQ Capital, Altimeter Capital and newcomer Sequoia Capital. Snowflake's existing funding partners also invested in the round: Capital One Growth Ventures, Madrona Venture Group, Redpoint Ventures, Sutter Hill Ventures and Wing Ventures. With this round of funding, Snowflake's pre-money valuation is $1.5 billion. Since its founding in 2012, Snowflake has raised a total of $473 million.
Snowflake is headed by Bob Muglia, who previously was president of Microsoft's $16 billion Server and Tools Business, responsible for products such as Windows Server, SQL Server, System Center and Windows Azure.
Intel, Huawei and DT complete 5G NR over-the-air test
Thursday, January 25, 2018 #5G, Testing
Intel, Deutsche Telecom and Huawei conducted an over-the-air test showcasing 5G interoperability and development testing (IODT) based on the Release 15 NSA 5G NR specification.
The test used Huawei's 5G commercial base station and Intel's third-generation 5G NR Mobile Trial Platform. The configuration was based on the largest C-band cell bandwidth defined by the 5G NR standard, incorporating the latest Massive MIMO multi-antenna and beamforming technology. Massive MIMO uses a large array of antennas to provide precise control of a beam to improve network coverage and to reduce overall network interference.
Ford acquires Palo Alto-based Autonomic for cloud platform for mobility apps
Thursday, January 25, 2018 Automotive, Merger & Acquisitions, Start-ups
Ford Motor Company announced its acquisition of Autonomic, a start-up based in Palo Alto, California that is developing an open cloud-based platform "for connecting and empowering tomorrow's mobility systems." Financial terms were not disclosed.
Autonomic said it is working on building blocks for smart mobility applications and services. Ford said the acquisition will accelerate the automaker's mission to establish the Transportation Mobility Cloud platform and support its plans to scale up other key mobility initiatives, including the drive toward full connectivity, Chariot and non-emergency medical transportation.
Ford also announced the acquisition of TransLoc, a Durham, North Carolina-based provider of demand-response technology for city-owned microtransit solutions.
"We believe transportation done right – as part of a systems approach – can bring life back to our cities," said Marcy Klevorn, president, Ford Mobility. "By accelerating our delivery of mobility services through the changes we are making today, we are enabling that revival, enhancing our competitiveness and creating long-term value for Ford shareholders."
Ford has outlined a strategy with the following components:
Transportation operating system: The company's open, cloud-based platform – the Transportation Mobility Cloud that manages information flow and basic transactions between a variety of components in the transportation ecosystem – will be expanded beyond Ford to include other automakers, suppliers, partners and cities; a developer network to build and support the system also will be launched.
Connectivity: Preparing to deliver digital services to personal, fleet and city customers, Ford's mobility team will deliver on the company's commitment of 100 percent connectivity of new vehicles in the United States by 2019 and push toward its goal of 90 percent connectivity globally by 2020.
Ride sharing: Chariot, the cornerstone of Ford's microtransit solutions, will see an acceleration of city launches globally this year; launches will be based on a major shift in focus to the unit's enterprise business, which provides employee transportation services for businesses. Just last week, Ford announced the launch of service in Columbus, Ohio – Chariot's fifth city.
Non-emergency medical transportation: Tapping into the growing healthcare transportation market, Ford Mobility will expand its non-emergency medical transportation operation from a Southeast Michigan pilot with Beaumont Health into a full business serving multiple medical systems.
Vehicle Management as a Service: Founded in 2017, Ford Commercial Solutions is leveraging vehicle connectivity to deliver data services and fleet optimization to the commercial segment, building on the automaker's historical strength in serving fleet customers. Ford Commercial Solutions will expand its offerings globally this year.
SES-14 and Al Yah 3 satellites reach orbit despite Ariane 5 anomaly
Thursday, January 25, 2018 Arianespace, Satellite
An Ariane 5 rocket launched from the Guiana Space Center (CSG) suffered an anomaly during the second stage separation process. Ground tracking stations lost telemetry contact with the rocket and its two satellite payloads shortly after the second stage separation. An investigation is underway. The CEO of Arianespace issued an apology. Two hours later, Arianespace confirmed that both of the satellites in its payload reached orbit and are communicating.
The mission carried SES-14, the second of SES' hybrid satellite to be launched. SES-14 was equipped with C-band wide beams will help cable and IP operators gain more viewers in Latin America, as well as provide maritime managed connectivity service across the Atlantic Ocean. In addition, HTS spot beams are designed for in-flight connectivity aboard commercial aircraft over the Atlantic provided by Global Eagle, Gogo and Panasonic. The satellite is also hosted a NASA scientific payload called "GOLD" that will enable scientists to study the border between earth and space. SES-14 is the first high-power satellite in the 4-tons class. It was built by Airbus.
The Ariane 5 mission also carried the Al Yah 3 satellite for the United Arab Emirates operator
Yahsat (Al Yah Satellite Communications Company), which is the first company in the Middle East and Africa to offer Ka-band services reaching 60% of Africa's population and over 95% of Brazil's population from its geostationary position at at 20° West Longitude. The Al Yah 3 satellite carries 53 active Ka-band user beams and four gateway beams, and produces approximately 8.0 kilowatts of payload electrical power. It was built by Orbital ATK using its new GEOStar-3 hybrid platform.
Intel's data centric revenue grew 21% in Q4
Thursday, January 25, 2018 Intel, Silicon
Intel reported Q4 2017 revenue of $17.1 billion and record full-year revenue was $62.8 billion. Excluding McAfee, fourth-quarter revenue grew 8 percent year-over-year with data-centric revenue up 21 percent, and full-year revenue grew 9 percent year-over-year.
Data-centric businesses, which accounted for 47% of Intel's fourth-quarter revenue, an all-time high.
The Data Center Group (DCG), Internet of Things Group (IOTG) and Programmable Solutions Group (PSG) all achieved record quarterly revenue.
"2017 was a record year for Intel with record fourth-quarter results driven by strong growth of our data-centric businesses," said Brian Krzanich, Intel CEO. "The strategic investments we've made in areas like memory, programmable solutions, communications and autonomous driving are starting to pay off and expand Intel's growth opportunity. In 2018, our highest priorities will be executing to our data-centric strategy and meeting the commitments we make to our shareholders and our customers."
Qualcomm launches 5G Pioneer initiative with Chinese brands
Thursday, January 25, 2018 5G, China, Qualcomm
Qualcomm is launching a "5G Pioneer" Initiative supported by leading Chinese manufacturers of smartphones to introduce 5G devices as early as 2019.
Representatives from Lenovo, OPPO, vivo, Xiaomi, ZTE and Wingtech Technology Co. joined Qualcomm in the announcement.
"5G will bring massive new opportunities to the mobile industry, and we are excited to work with these manufacturers on this 5G Pioneer Initiative," said Cristiano Amon, president, Qualcomm Incorporated. "Qualcomm Technologies has close relationships within China's mobile and semiconductor ecosystem, and we'll continue to work with this ecosystem to drive innovation as we move from the 3G/4G era to the 5G era."
Cumulus raises $43 million for its open networking
Thursday, January 25, 2018 Cumulus, Funding, Linux, Open, Silicon Valley, Start-ups, Switching
Cumulus Networks, which offers a Linux operating system environment for open networking, announced $43 million in new funding. Cumulus plans to expand its sales force and invest in growing its marketing programs, with a particular focus on reaching new customers in EMEA and Asia Pacific.
Cumulus's mission is "to free customers from expensive proprietary network stacks and bring the automation, agility and scalability of web-scale networks to companies of all sizes."
The company cited the following recent milestones:
During 2017, the company signed over 350 new customers and now serves more than 800 customers, including over a third of the Fortune 50.
Growth outside the U.S. was particularly strong. Cumulus tripled its business in the Asia Pacific region and more than doubled its business in EMEA during 2017.
Cumulus Networks debuted in the Visionaries quadrant of the 2017 Gartner Magic Quadrant for Data Center Networking.
In October 2017, Cumulus was inducted into the Innovation Hall of Fame by JP Morgan Chase.
During 2017, the company released new solutions including NetQ, a telemetry-based fabric validation system; Host Pack, software essentials for the host enabling web-scale networking for containers, microservices and more; and Cumulus in the Cloud, a personal virtual data center to build and test network designs and operations.
The new funding round was led by Telstra Ventures. All existing investors including Andreessen Horowitz, Battery Ventures and Sequoia Capital participated. This brings total funding to $129 million.
"There's a striking variety in our customer base, which ranges from large financial and healthcare institutions, to breakout SaaS stars, to some of the world's largest Internet companies," said Josh Leslie, CEO of Cumulus Networks. "But the common thread running through them is that they are challenging the status quo of networking in their organizations and reaping huge operational benefits as a result. We're honored to partner with Telstra in this journey. We are excited to use this investment to bring modern, scalable networks to even more organizations around the world, particularly to service providers who are beginning to move into the networking space."
Cumulus Networks is based in Mountain View, California.
Microsemi's quarterly sales hit $468.7 million, up 7.6% yoy
Thursday, January 25, 2018 Microsemi
Microsemi reported net sales for the first quarter of its fiscal year 2018, ended 31-Dec-2017, of $468.7 million, up 7.6 percent from the $435.5 million reported in the first quarter of 2017. GAAP gross margin for the first quarter of 2018 was 61.6 percent, inclusive of the effect of non-cash purchase accounting charges related to profit from acquired inventory of $5.2 million and $2.4 million in inventory charges related to the closure of a non-strategic operation. GAAP gross margin was 63.5 percent in the first quarter of 2017 and 64.0 percent in the fourth quarter of 2017. Non-GAAP gross margin for the first quarter of 2018 was 63.2 percent.
GAAP operating income and net income for the first quarter of 2018 were $59.5 million and $47.9 million, respectively, and included restructuring, facility closure and other related charges of $6.4 million and acquisition-related costs of $1.4 million. Non-GAAP operating income for the first quarter of 2018 was $150.8 million, up 13.6 percent from the $132.7 million reported in the first quarter of 2017.
"We kicked off the first quarter of fiscal 2018 with 8 percent year-over-year sales growth and 17 percent EPS growth," said James J. Peterson, Microsemi's chairman and CEO. "We are on a clear path to exceed our long-term 35 percent operating margin target as we leverage customer engagements, share gains and revenue growth into industry-leading profitability."
Deutsche Telekom rolls fiber to business parks
Thursday, January 25, 2018 Deutsche Telekom, Germany
Deutsche Telekom is kicking off the second phase of a roll-out of fiber-optic lines to business parks across Germany. The carrier plans to connect 7,600 enterprises through this campaign. The fiber upgrade will enable Internet connections of up to1 Gbps.
"Business parks are at the heart of our fiber-optic build-out strategy. We are thinking nationwide, urban and rural, north, south, east and west. The decisive factor for us is customer demand, and we are pleased to be able to offer our business customers fiber-optic lines in a further 33 communities across the country," says Hagen Rickmann, Director for Business Customers at Telekom Deutschland.
The German towns and cities whose business parks are being upgraded include: Amberg, Bielefeld, Bochum, Bonn, Braunschweig, Bremen, Cologne, Dippoldiswalde, Dresden, Düsseldorf, Flörsheim, Frankfurt, Frechen, Großbeeren, Hamburg, Hermsdorf, Hildburghausen, Hürth, Kelkheim, Kriftel, Langen, Leipzig, Lindlar, Lübeck, Mannheim, Markkleeberg, Nienburg, Oldenburg, Pinneberg, Planegg, Potsdam, Sandersdorf-Brehna and Seevetal.
Cable Mergers and Spinoffs - Bigger is Better?
Thursday, January 25, 2018 Altice, ATT, OND Commentary, Tele2, Time Warner
Nearly 15 months have passed since AT&T and Time Warner announced their $109 billion-dollar merger agreement. For most of 2017, the companies were confident that their merger would pass regulatory review by the Department of Justice and by the FCC. As the first big to face scrutiny from the income Trump administration, the presumption was that regulators would take a pro-business, hands-off approach especially since the companies do not compete in the same markets and hence would not be constricting the competitive field. The predicted completion date was "by the end of 2017." The deadline has now passed. The new target is "by mid-2018."
What's the hold-up? In late November, the U.S. Department of Justice filed a legal case to block the proposed AT&T + Time Warner merger, apparently on the grounds that the size of the combined company will but smaller players at a competitive disadvantage. So, the logic is that bigger is better, and, as a corollary, smaller is weaker. For AT&T and Time Warner to get to that mid-2018 merger completion date will now require a legal victory in a U.S. District Court.
The official response from AT&T is this "(the) DOJ lawsuit is a radical and inexplicable departure from decades of antitrust precedent. Vertical mergers like this one are routinely approved because they benefit consumers without removing any competitor from the market. We see no legitimate reason for our merger to be treated differently" - David R. McAtee II, Senior Executive Vice President and General Counsel, AT&T Inc.
For network operators – bigger is better, especially with content
Since the time the proposed acquisition was announced in October 2016, AT&T has been arguing that the primary driver for the deal is to bring content and distribution under one roof. The merger will combine Time Warner's library of content and ability to create new premium content with AT&T's extensive customer relationships, world's largest pay TV subscriber base and scale in TV, mobile and broadband distribution.
As a reminder, Time Warner, which was formed in 1990 through the merger of Time Inc. and Warner Communications, encompasses many premium media properties, including HBO, New Line Cinema, Turner Broadcasting System, The CW Television Network, Warner Bros., CNN, Cartoon Network, Boomerang, Adult Swim, DC Comics, Warner Bros. Animation, Castle Rock Entertainment, Cartoon Network Studios, Esporte Interativo, Hanna-Barbera Productions, Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment. It also owns 10% of Hulu.
The basic idea driving the merger is for Time Warner to act as the content arm for AT&T, providing mobile and fixed broadband line subscribers with valuable material as part of a packaged service bundle. Consumers presumably would purchase an AT&T service bundle based on the perceived quality and value of the package rather than simply the lowest price for mobile connectivity. This will allow ARPU to rise and ensure a 'stickiness' factor that goes beyond the latest mobile handset deals, currently a leading cause for subscriber churn.
So, until we hear otherwise or until the courts rule that the merger is impermissible, the presumption is that "bigger is better" and that AT&T and Time Warner will continue to pursue their business combination.
A mobile + cable merger in Sweden
Earlier this week, another merger was proposed also on the premise that bigger is better. Tele2 and Com Hem agreed to a merger that will create the second largest mobile telephony and fixed broadband provider in Sweden (after Telia) and the market leader in digital TV. Com Hem's shareholders will receive as merger consideration SEK 37.02 in cash plus 1.0374x new B shares in Tele2 for each share in Com Hem. This values the deal at about US$3.3 billion.
Com Hem operates a fiber-coax network serving approximately 1.5 million residential customers across Sweden. The company was established in 1983 and has approximately 1,200 employees. Its head office is in Stockholm.
Tele2, which was established in 1993 and is based in the Kista Science City, Stockholm, Sweden, operates an extensive mobile network across Sweden and has interests in The Netherlands, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Kazakhstan, Croatia, and Germany.
The combined company will have a customer base of 3.9 million mobile customers, 0.8 million broadband customers, and 1.1 million digital TV customers in Sweden. Its 4G network will cover the entire country while its broadband network will cover almost 60 percent of Sweden's households.
In presenting their merger to investors and to the press, Tele2 officials spoke of "evolving customer needs" and the appetite for digital content. As with the AT&T + Time Warner deal, there is an impetus to bring mobile, broadband and TV content under one roof.
Some Service Providers are downsizing
One network operator moving in the opposite direction. Altice, the French operator led by business tycoon Patrick Drahi, who is known for ownership of his French cable operator Numericable.
Through a series of deals, in 2013 Drahi acquired SFR, France's second largest mobile phone and internet provider from Vivendi. In late 2014, Altice acquired Virgin Mobile France for €325 million. The following year, Altice acquired Portugal Telecom and sold Cabovisão to Apax France. The hunger to grow bigger continued with a bid to acquire Bouygues Telecom, the third largest telecoms company in France. This merger was rejected by Bouygues Telecom. By then, Drahi had his sights on the U.S. cable market. In May 2015, Altice spent $9.1 billion to acquire a 70% controlling stake in Suddenlink Communications, which valued the seventh-largest U.S. cable company. This was soon followed in September 2015 with a $17.7 billion deal to acquire Cablevision, the dominant cable operator in the New York metropolitan area market. This deal was consummated in June 2016, making the new Altice USA into the #4 cable operator in the U.S. with more than 4.6 million Cablevision and Suddenlink customers across 20 states.
Many of the deals were accomplished with private equity debt. Now, 18 months after the transaction was completed, it appears that Altice has a case of indigestion. Perhaps bigger is not better, or maybe compelling content synergies have not been found across these diverse markets. Is there enough content synergy between France and New York to truly make one Altice brand?
This week, Altice N.V. announced a corporate restructuring centered on the separation of Altice USA from Altice Europe. The separation is to be effected by a spin-off of Altice NV's 67.2% interest in Altice USA through a distribution in kind to Altice NV shareholders. Following the spinoff, the two companies will be led by separate management teams. Patrick Drahi, who will retain control of both companies, issued the following statement: "The separation will allow both Altice Europe and Altice USA to focus on their respective operations and execute against their strategies, deliver value for shareholders, and realize their full potential. Both operations will have the fundamental Altice Model at their heart through my close personal involvement as well as that of the historic founding team."
Telstra tests 400G in Melbourne with Ciena, Ericsson
Wednesday, January 24, 2018 400G, Australia, Ciena, Ericsson, Telstra
Telstra, Ericsson, and Ciena demonstrated 400 Gbps speeds over 61.5 GHz spectrum on Telstra's transmission network in Melbourne, attaining what the companies termed "the highest spectral efficiency per fibre pair ever achieved in a live environment." This implies that a maximum 30.4 terabit per second (Tbps) bandwidth is possible on Telstra's transmission network in Melbourne. The highest previous mark was 25.6 Tbps.
Ciena said that result was made possible through the deployment of software programmable 400Gbps wavelengths using Ciena's WaveLogic Ai modem technology on the 6500 Packet-Optical Platform, in combination with Ciena's Blue Planet Manage Control Plan (MCP) and Liquid Spectrum applications. Ericsson provides end-to-end systems integration.
Telstra has deployed Ciena's programmable coherent modem technology, which offers up to three times data capacity and enables up to 60 percent reduction in power per bit compared to the modem technology currently deployed in the Telstra network.
David Robertson, Director of IP and Transport Engineering at Telstra, says: "Over the next five years we forecast traffic on our network will grow by five times. We are investing in our network and developing these innovations to meet this growing demand by providing unprecedented levels of scale, automation and intelligence. This technology will be deployed in our domestic transmission network and we will look for opportunities to use it in Telstra's international subsea cable network, which is the largest in the Asia-Pacific region."
Emilio Romeo, Head of Ericsson Australia and New Zealand, says: "We are proud to be supporting our long-term partner Telstra with end-to-end systems integration expertise to deliver innovative solutions that will ultimately improve overall efficiency of the network. Deployment of these technologies will help Telstra to prepare for the ever-increasing demand for data. This will give Telstra the ability to predict and address connectivity and capacity challenges as they emerge, enabling them to respond and allocate capacity across paths in real time."
Steve Alexander, Ciena's Chief Technology Officer says, "As high-bandwidth applications become further ingrained in our daily lives, the implementation of a more intelligent and adaptive network – one that lets operators eliminate complexity by combining intelligent automation, real-time performance monitoring, and the ability to continuously tune their network – is critical. These accomplishments will prepare Telstra's network to better respond to customer demands."
Telefónica launches 5G Technological Cities project
Wednesday, January 24, 2018 5G, Telefonica
Telefónica introduced its 5G Technological Cities project, which will see the initial deployment of 5G capabilities in the cities of Segovia and Talavera de la Reina. Nokia and Ericsson are named as technology partners.
Telefónica's plan is to build 5G living laboratories over the next three years (2018-2020) in each of these cities.
The company expects 5G will increase the speed and obtain peaks from 1 Gbps to as many as 10 Gbps (more than 3 times the current speed of fibre in the home) and reduce the latency, achieving a minimum of between 1 and 5 milliseconds, as well as providing high capacity, with the possibility of having up to 100 times more connected devices.
Telefónica has a partnership with Nokia (in Segovia) and Ericsson (in Talavera de la Reina) as its technological partners for the 5G network deployment project.
"With the 5G Technological Cities project, Telefónica is turning the technology of the future into reality and providing a constant service for people. This is why we will perform the technological deployment and use cases in parallel, so that we will serve people with the new technologies, one of Telefónica's clear objectives," stated Luis Miguel Gilpérez, CEO of Telefónica España.
Windstream extends core network to content and media customers
Wednesday, January 24, 2018 Windstream
Windstream has expanded its nationwide core network into the Columbus, Ohio, market.
The carrier reports increased customer demand, primarily within the content and media industries in this market.
Windstream said it completed its Columbus turn-up of multiple terabyte connectivity within just 30 days from customer order to acceptance – a testament to the company's agility and commitment to rapidly addressing cloud connectivity and networking needs.
Windstream's optical SDN footprint now exceeds more than 50 markets across the United States, enabling a rapidly growing number of transport customers – including large enterprise organizations, international carriers, ISPs, hyperscale cloud operators, streaming content providers, etc.
"Our nationwide SDN deployment gives Windstream a solid programmable network that supports intent-based, on-demand automation of wavelength services – ideal for enterprises, content providers, large-scale e-commerce houses and more – in a fast-growing number of markets," said John Nishimoto, Windstream vice president of transport product management. "In addition to consistently driving down service installation intervals, we're delivering value to our customers today that networking-as-a-service proponents have been promising for years."
In October 2017, Windstream announced a major expansion of its SDN Orchestrated Waves (SDNow) transport service.
SDNow, which is a high-speed optical wave service delivered using a centralized, programmable SDN environment – is now available in 50 markets across the U.S., including major cloud connectivity and peering locations in the United States. The service was first launched in May.
The Windstream network leverages multi-vendor service orchestration and automated provisioning. This enables customers to order SDNow 10G point-to-point circuits for 1,500 long-haul route combinations, with delivery in 20 days.
"This SDNow expansion brings the benefits of SDN-provisioned service to even more transport customers across our national footprint – a definite game-changer for Windstream," said Joseph Harding, executive vice president and enterprise chief marketing officer at Windstream. "With its accelerated 20-day service delivery, SDNow will allow Windstream customers to advance their cloud migration and digital transformation efforts with the increased speed, agility and efficiency required for business innovation and success."
Cisco to acquire Skyport for ultra secure servers
Wednesday, January 24, 2018 Cisco, Merger & Acquisitions, Security, Servers, Silicon Valley, Start-ups
Cisco announced its intent to acquire Skyport Systems, Inc., a start-up based in Mountain View, California that offers "hyper-secured" servers for delivering trusted computing and policy enforcement at the application edge. Financial terms were not disclosed.
Skyport's SkySecure converged system brings together zero trust compute, virtualization and a full stack of security technologies. It logs all traffic at a forensically auditable level, enabling users to see where traffic originates, where it is headed, whether it was allowed or not, what policy allowed or blocked it, and when and who put that policy into action. Remote management capability allows users to secure branch infrastructure without firewalls, proxies, MPLS or other security measures.
Skyport Systems team will join Cisco's Data Center – Computing Systems Product Group, which is led by Senior Vice President and General Manager Liz Centoni and the Service Provider – Networking Group led by Senior Vice President and General Manager Jonathan Davidson.
Investors in Skyport included GV (formerly known as Google Ventures), Cisco Investments, Thomvest Ventures, Northgate Capital, InstantScale, Index Ventures, Sutter Hill Ventures and Intel Capital. The company raised at least $67 million in funding over several rounds.
In June 2016, Skyport announced interoperability between its SkySecure platform and Cisco's Application Centric Infrastructure (ACI) solution. The goal is to provide application-layer and system-level security and policy controls needed to extend the trust boundary from a system-level root-of-trust to the network edge. Skyport said its interoperability with Cisco ACI also mobilizes security policies, enabling them to follow workloads throughout their lifecycles, and lets users deploy and maintain secure administrative workstations, jump hosts and multi-zone DMZ architectures as an integral part of an overall security framework.
Tigera raises $10 million for secure app connectivity
Wednesday, January 24, 2018 Funding, Security, Start-ups, Tigera
Tigera, a start-up based in San Francisco, announced $10 million in new funding for its secure application connectivity for the cloud-native world.
Tigera is an open core enterprise software company delivering solutions for secure application connectivity.
Its newly launched enterprise solution, CNX, secures application connectivity using a proprietary ZT-Auth technology, which enables the enterprise to adopt a Zero Trust approach to application connectivity.
Tigera said it has been selected by each of the big four public cloud providers as the network policy provider for their managed Kubernetes offerings. Tigera's software is integrated into AWS Elastic Container Service for Kubernetes, Microsoft Azure Container Service, Google Container Engine and IBM Cloud Container Service.
Comcast increases dividend 21% and stock repurchases by $5 billion
Wednesday, January 24, 2018 Comcast, Financials
Comcast increased its dividend by 21% to $0.76 per share on an annualized basis. In accordance with the increase, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.19 a share on the company's common stock, payable on April 25, 2018 to shareholders of record as of the close of business on April 4, 2018.
The company also said it plans to repurchase at least $5.0 billion of its common stock during 2018, subject to market conditions.
Samsung Foundry builds a collaborative ecosystem
Wednesday, January 24, 2018 Samsung, Silicon
Samsung Electronics is launching an ecosystem program to foster collaboration between the Samsung Foundry and customers. The goal is to deliver competitive and robust System on Chip (SoC) designs based on certified key design components including Process Design Kit (PDK), reference flows with Design Methodologies (DM), Intellectual Property (IP), and ASIC design support.
The Samsung Advanced Foundry Ecosystem (SAFE) program has three elements:
EDA/DM: Provides extensively tested PDKs and reference flows (with design methodologies) that are backed by Samsung Foundry's certification.
IP: Provides a full set of silicon qualified, application specific IP offerings from the early stage of process technology development. Customers can view a full list of IP solutions offered through SAFE™ by accessing Samsung Foundry's B2B site, CONNECT
Design Services: Connects mid- to small-sized companies with qualified ASIC design services and support. Using design service partners of SAFE™, customers will benefit from easy access to process technology information, competitive price conditions, and committed resources for their SoC design success.
F5 posted revenue of $523.2 million - up 1.4% YoY, growing software sales
Wednesday, January 24, 2018 F5, Financials
F5 posted revenue of $523.2 million for its first quarter of fiscal 2018, up 1.4% from $516.0 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2017. GAAP net income for the first quarter of fiscal 2018 was $88.4 million, or $1.41 per diluted share, compared to $94.2 million, or $1.44 per diluted share in the first quarter of fiscal 2017. Excluding the impact of stock-based compensation, amortization of purchased intangible assets, and non-recurring tax expenses, non-GAAP net income for the first quarter of fiscal 2018 was $141.6 million, or $2.26 per diluted share, compared to $130.3 million, or $1.98 per diluted share in the first quarter of fiscal 2017.
"We continue to see momentum with our software offerings, driven by customers deploying our solutions on-premises and in the public cloud," said François Locoh-Donou, F5 President and Chief Executive Officer. "The organizational changes and go-to-market initiatives we began to put into place last year are gaining momentum and we expect to see increasing benefits as the current year progresses.
"Our recent State of Application Delivery report highlights a number of emerging trends across the global application landscape. It is clear, applications and related services are taking an increasingly important role as digital transformation reshapes the modern enterprise. We are well positioned to benefit from these broader industry trends as customers require more multi-cloud support, IT automation, and application security."
Sequans teams with SoftBank on LTE-M and NB-IoT in Japan
Wednesday, January 24, 2018 Japan, NB-IoT, Sequans
Sequans has established a technology collaboration with SoftBank to accelerate the deployment of LTE-M and NB-IoT technologies in Japan. Specifically, SoftBank is conducting interoperability testing of Sequans' Monarch LTE-M/NB-IoT platform with SoftBank's network equipment.
"SoftBank is a leader in promoting LTE for IoT in Japan and its efforts to make the technology ready for connecting objects of all kinds shows its commitment to growing the IoT and to accelerating the deployment of LTE for IoT devices on its network," said Danny Kedar, VP, IoT Business Unit, Sequans. "We are pleased to collaborate with SoftBank and to enrich the ecosystem with LTE for IoT modules specifically designed for SoftBank's network and customers."
F5 adds four to its management team
Wednesday, January 24, 2018 F5, People
F5 Networks announced four executive hires, reporting directly to President and CEO François Locoh-Donou:
Kara Sprague will serve in the new role of Senior Vice President, General Manager of Application Delivery Controller (ADC), She joins F5 from the global management consulting firm, McKinsey and Company, where in her thirteen-year tenure she held various leadership positions across their technology practice. Most recently she led the Technology, Media, and Telecom Practice for the Western Region.
Ram Krishnan will be Senior Vice President, General Manager of Security. He joins F5 from CloudPassage, where he was the Chief Product Officer of their SaaS-based cloud workload security solution. Previously, Krishnan served as General Manager for HP's Applications business and led Symantec's Risk and Compliance business.
Tom Fountain has been named as the Executive Vice President and Chief Strategy Officer. He joins F5 from McAfee, where he was Senior Vice President of Strategy and Corporate Development. Prior to McAfee, Fountain held multiple leadership roles at Juniper Networks, including General Manager of the company's Content & Media Business Unit and Vice President of Corporate Strategy.
Ana White has joined F5 as the company's first Executive Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer. She comes to F5 from Microsoft, having successfully led global HR teams for over 18 years across multiple business units. Most recently White acted as GM of Human Resources for Microsoft's Marketing and Consumer Business organization, with responsibility for their team's HR strategy, talent management, diversity & inclusion, and organizational capability.
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DENPASAR, Indonesia - An Australian passenger who sparked a hijack alert on a flight to Bali has denied being drunk and claimed he banged on the door of the cockpit after mistaking it for the toilet, Indonesian police said Saturday.
Matt Christopher Lockley also said he was in a state of depression during the Virgin Australia flight Friday to the resort island, as he was searching for his Indonesian wife with whom he had lost contact, they said.
Security forces rushed to the airport on the Indonesian island when the Boeing 737-800 from Brisbane touched down following a report from the pilot of a hijacking attempt after a passenger started thumping on the cockpit door.
Lockley, wearing flip-flops, white shorts and a T-shirt, was dragged off the plane by heavily armed air force personnel and arrested by police.
Indonesian officials initially said he had been drunk but police said Saturday the 28-year-old, who is in custody but has been admitted to hospital suffering from fatigue, has denied being under the influence of alcohol.
He told police that before flying he had taken only two pills of Voltaren, four pills of Panadol - both types of painkiller - and drank two bottles of Coca-Cola, Bali police spokesman Hery Wiyanto told AFP.
"According to him, he was not drunk but suffering from depression due to a family problem," the spokesman said, adding police were waiting for alcohol test results but there was no smell of drink on his breath when he was detained.
Lockley, from the northeast Australian state of Queensland, said that he was on his way to Bali to search for his Indonesian wife, with whom he had lost contact two weeks earlier, according to the spokesman.
In his depressed state, Lockley claimed to have been "having hallucinations that somebody followed him and wanted to steal his bag", Wiyanto said.
"According to him, he banged the cockpit door as he thought it was the toilet door." Police said earlier that a stewardess said Lockley had asked for medicine before thumping on the cockpit door.
After this, the crew handcuffed him and put him in a seat at the back of the plane until it arrived in Bali.
Wiyanto said Lockley could be charged for breaking a law against risking passenger safety, punishable by a maximum jail term of two years and a fine of 500 million rupiah ($43,000).
"The Australian consulate will provide consular assistance as required."
A drunk passenger sparked a hijack alert on a Virgin Australia flight heading for the Indonesian resort island of Bali Friday when he attempted to break into the cockpit, officials said.
Security forces rushed to the airport when the Boeing 737-800 touched down on the tourist island, after the pilot reported the Brisbane to Bali flight had been hijacked, Indonesian authorities said.
However, Virgin Australia said the drunken passenger had sparked a false alarm when he banged on the cockpit door.
Indonesian authorities later arrested Matt Christopher Lockley, an Australian national.
A flight attendant said Lockley had demanded medicine and started banging on the cockpit door, according to Bali police chief Benny Mokalu.
He was stopped by crew, handcuffed and placed in a seat at the back of the plane, which was carrying 137 passengers and seven crew, officials said.
After landing, the passenger, who was unarmed, was taken off the aircraft and detained.
The pilot of a Virgin Australia plane flying to the Indonesian holiday island of Bali reported a hijacking attempt on Friday.
An Indonesian transport official said a passenger had tried to enter the cockpit.
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AllergyEasy helps physicians around the country test for and treat nut allergies with sublingual immunotherapy (under-the-tongue allergy drops).
PHOENIX, AZ, December 29, 2017 /24-7PressRelease/ — Food allergies are on the rise, with nuts as one of the most common triggers. It used to be that the only solution for people with nut allergies was to simply avoid nuts altogether, but the AllergyEasy program provides a better way. The program uses sublingual immunotherapy (under-the-tongue drops) to desensitize people to nuts and diminish their allergic reactions.
The AllergyEasy program helps doctors around the country test and treat for dozens of food allergens, including tree nuts. Doctors can prescribe sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), which is similar to allergy shots but uses oral drops instead.
SLIT starts with an "allergy serum" containing extracts of allergy-causing foods suspended in a saline solution. Patients take the serum in gradually increasing concentrations in the form of daily under-the-tongue drops. Over time, their bodies can learn to tolerate the foods that once made them miserable.
Doctors using the AllergyEasy program order a food allergy test kit that gauges patients' reactions to over 60 different foods. The kit comes with a multi-pronged device that deposits antigen into the top layers of the skin. If the patient is allergic to a particular food, their skin will turn red and swell into a raised bump or "wheal." In general, the bigger the wheal, the greater the allergy.
Based on patients' results, physicians can mix allergy drops in-office or order them through a compounding pharmacy. Many family practice physicians and pediatricians participate in the AllergyEasy program. Rather than referring their allergic patients out for treatment, they can support them in-office.
Subcutaneous immunotherapy (delivered through allergy shots) was developed in the early 1900s to treat inhalant allergies (pollen, dust, mold, etc.). Sublingual immunotherapy followed several decades later with convenient, under-the-tongue drops that are absorbed into the bloodstream by specialized cells in the mouth.
While allergy shots are only effective in decreasing inhalant allergies, allergy drops have proven to be safe and effective in reducing both inhalant and food allergies. Allergy drops are also safer than shots, so they can be taken in the comfort of home rather than at the doctor's office.
According to Dr. Agren, sublingual food allergy treatment is a long-overdue advance–especially for people with severe nut allergies.
AllergyEasy sublingual immunotherapy clinics are helping people around the country safely eat nuts such as cashews, pistachios, walnuts, and pecans that once triggered reactions. The program does not yet treat for peanuts, but it provides food allergy treatment for dozens of other food allergens (including egg, wheat, soy, rice, and milk allergy treatment).
AllergyEasy helps allergy doctors around the country provide sublingual immunotherapy (allergy drops) to their patients who suffer with allergies to pollen and food allergies (including dairy allergy, wheat allergy, nut allergy, fruit allergy and more.) AllergyEasy can connect patients to a doctor in their area who offers sublingual allergy treatment.
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This case was filed by 24 former and current inmates of the Hardin County Detention Center alleging that they contracted methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ("MRSA") while incarcerated. Plaintiffs claim that they contracted MRSA because of certain failures on the part of Defendants to prevent the spread of the disease. At this time, Owen Bonney, Nathan Pagel and Russell Sullivan ("Movants"), all of whom allegedly contracted MRSA while incarcerated at the Hardin County Detention Center, move to intervene.
Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 24(b)(1) provides, "On timely motion, the court may permit anyone to intervene who: . . . (B) has a claim or defense that shares with the main action a common question of law or fact." Rule 24(b)(3) requires the Court consider whether intervention will unduly delay or prejudice the adjudication of the original parties' rights.
Movants contend that common questions of fact and law predominate all of these claims. Each Movant's claim will depend on the same underlying behavior of Defendants as Plaintiffs' claims, namely Defendants' policies and actions toward prevention of infectious diseases. Moreover, the legal question for all claims will be whether Defendants' actions violated Plaintiffs' and Movants' rights.
Defendants contend that this issue has already been decided by Judge Simpson in the case of Chapman, et. al. v. Hardin County, et. al., 3:05-CV-433-S. Chapman was a putative class action involving the contraction of MRSA by Hardin County Detention Center inmates where Judge Simpson denied class certification. Following that denial, the 24 plaintiffs currently before this Court moved to intervene in Chapman. Judge Simpson denied that motion, finding that there were not questions of law or fact common to the claim of the one remaining named plaintiff. Subsequently, Plaintiffs filed this action.
The Court believes that this case as currently filed is better suited for intervention than Chapman. Twenty-four (24) plaintiffs are already involved. Adding three more plaintiffs will not significantly prejudice Defendants in any manner. The claims of the three additional plaintiffs are, in essence, the same as the claims of the 24 original plaintiffs. The same policies, procedures and actions of Defendants will be in issue for each plaintiff. The same witnesses and evidence will develop those policies and procedures. While Defendants may be correct that separate trials will be necessary, bifurcation of trials can certainly occur when and where appropriate. Further, this action is in its infancy, having only been on the Court's docket for approximately three months when the motions to intervene were made. Thus, the Court finds that there will be no undue delay or prejudice resulting from the intervention.
Defendants also contend that intervention is inappropriate for Mr. Bonney because his claim is barred by the statute of limitations. Mr. Bonney argues that the statute of limitations was tolled while the putative class action was pending because he was a member of the putative class. This issue is more properly decided on a motion for summary judgment after Mr. Bonney has been joined as a plaintiff. Therefore, the Court does not consider the merits of the statute of limitations argument at this time.
IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that Owen Bonney, Nathan Pagel and Russell Sullivan's motions to intervene are SUSTAINED. Each will be added as Plaintiffs in this case.
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Just before the snow hit. Winter sun and soda bottles on James Street.
A quiet space, after a long week.
Sean Kelly Gallery, during a recent exhibition, Overture by Idris Khan.
I hope 2016 will bring you peace, good health, and much happiness.
The East River, 59th St Bridge.
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Rassheyevka () is a rural locality () in Glebovsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Fatezhsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. The population as of 2010 is 4.
References
Notes
Sources
Rural localities in Fatezhsky District
|
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The 8Square is a 8×8 LED square with 64 RGB LEDs, in a nice wood frame. This is a fully assembled version of the 8Square USB Kit.
64 three color channel RGB LEDs with 4096 colors!
Runs on PIC18F4620 microcontroller, which has 64K ROM, 3.8K RAM, and runs at 32MHZ (8 MIPS). We have completely filled it!
Simple usage – plug it in to the wall and it goes!
Multiple buttons for user selectable control!
Hackable – program your own square to do what you want (difficult though!).
User settable visualization speed, frequency, and presence.
Ability to playback animations from a computer, with an API and sample code to do so over USB.
Three 8-bit channels of color computed internally, then dithered down to 4096 colors.
Uses a numerous hand crafted sprites and animations.
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Right now I'm in the middle of something called a job. Maybe people should stay away from me for a while until I get used to the stress.
Welcome to Sam's Animal Shelter!!
You and your friends are faced with the zombie apocalypse.
It is about an 18 year old girl in a forest outside of town and a pack of werewolves. ONLY HUNTERS LEFT!
1x1 between me and Hinata Hyuuga. Feel free to read along.
Random people every day are locked in a mansion. There are vampires around. Make them die trying to escape or make them befriend a vampire and make them become one of them!
Private Roleplay Between Baby Panda and KittyJames. Feel free to read along.
1x1 between me and Jumper Wolf. Feel free to read along.
A 14 year old girl called Jesse has been kidnapped and taken deep into a jungle in India.
Da Baby Panda Is In The House!!
|
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Apple Inc. /quotes/zigman/68270/delayed /quotes/zigman/68270/lastsale AAPL is expected to report its second straight quarterly decline in iPhone sales with third-quarter earnings after the market closes on Tuesday. While analysts are optimistic about a potential resurgence in iPhone sales starting with the iPhone 7 cycle later this year, this quarterly earnings report will likely show continued declines in hardware, weighed down by tough year-over-year comparisons for the iPhone, Apple Watch and iPad. A bright spot for the company continues to be its advances in software and services, which surpassed Mac revenue for the first time last quarter. Apple Chief Executive Tim Cook has grown increasingly more optimistic and vocal about the company's investments in software and services, while downplaying concerns about cheaper competition and a slowdown in China. MarketWatch reporter Jennifer Booton (@jbooton), tech columnist Therese Poletti (@tpoletti) and tech editor Jeremy Owens (@jowens510) will live-blog the earnings release and subsequent conference call.
As we note in the description above, this will likely be the company's second straight quarter of iPhone declines. But expect Tim Cook to talk a lot of software and services — last quarter they became the company's second-biggest revenue driver, just ahead of the Mac.
After Apple suffered its first year-over-year decline in iPhone sales in its fiscal second quarter, the same is expected for the third quarter. Analysts project 40 million iPhone units sold in the three-month period, according to FactSet.
Twitter is also reporting today, and its results will likely come ahead of Apple's. Apple likes to keep us all waiting. It tends to show up around 4:30 ET, with a call planned for 5.
Read up on Twitter here.
Total revenue of $42.16 billion, down from $49.6 billion in year-ago quarter.
Apple's shares closed down 0.7% at $96.67 on Tuesday. They're sticking right around there in after-hours trade as investors await the earnings report.
Apple closed down 0.7% at $96.67. In the three month since it last reported earnings, the stock is down more than 7%, so it could use a solid print today to turn that trend around.
Twitter shares plunge 11% after the company's earnings.
Last quarter, CEO Tim Cook suggested Apple is in the market for a large acquisition. Plenty of big deals happening in tech: Just today, Citrix announced a $1.8 billion deal for LogMeIn and Analog Devices agreed to buy Linear Technology for $14.8 billion. Earlier deals in the sector included SoftBank's $32 billion bid for ARM, a rumored Apple target, and Microsoft's $26.2 billion move for LinkedIn.
Apple will likely give a revenue forecast for the current quarter when it reports, which should give some indication of how it expects the iPhone 7 to perform in its initial days on the market in September. Right now, FactSet analysts are forecasting fourth-quarter revenue of $45.9 billion, which would mark a decline from $51.5 billion last year.
Apple typically launches sales of its new iPhone right at the end of September, which is the end of its fiscal year.
Apple would need to fall about 7.5% to hit a fresh 52-week low. Much better chance of that than a 52-week high: the stock closed more than 28% shy of its highest price of the past year.
Numbers expected to be released in less than 5 minutes.
There are the numbers, right on time, and Apple is up 5%.
Revs are actually $42.4 billion, beating estimates.
Earnings per share of $1.42, also a beat.
Surprising beat on iPad sales – 9.95 million, expectations were for 9.
iPhone unit sales: 40.4 million, versus 48 million a year ago. Analysts were calling for 40 million.
Apple expects revenues in the current quarter of $45.5 billion to $47.5 billion. As Jen pointed out earlier, analysts expect $45.9 billion in the quarter when the iPhone 7 is expected to launch.
Also a slight beat for Mac sales, at 4.2 million vs expectations of 4 million.
Some of the decline in Apple's 'other products' segment could be attributed to a slowdown in watch sales. The company hasn't released a second-generation watch since launching the product in April 2015, and many believe Apple Watch 2 could be introduced in September.
While none of these beats are the type of huge outperformance vs. expectations we saw from Apple in the past, collectively they show that expectations for Apple may have pulled back a bit too far, and stock gain is reflecting that as well.
Apple trading higher than $100 in late trading – stock hasn't closed in triple digits since late May.
More on Apple Watch sales, which have a tough comparison with the launch quarter of last year.
Apple China revenue came in at $8.85 billion versus $13.2 billion a year ago — a 33% decline. Sales in the Greater China region plunged 26% to $12.49 billion in its fiscal second quarter, marking the biggest percentage decline of any of Apple's geographic regions. The company has been suffering from competition in the region, particularly from lower-priced local rivals. It has also been battling strict regulations there, which have led to the banning of some of its services.
We're about 15 minutes away from the conference call on Apple earnings – I really want to know if Tim Cook has played Pokemon Go, but I doubt he'll mention it.
In all seriousness, the game could be huge for Apple – One analyst believes it could bring in $3 billion for the company.
Where China suffered, Japan flourished. Revenue in the Japan region rose to $3.53 billion versus $2.87 billion a year ago. The rest of Asia Pacific, which includes India, slumped to $2.38 billion from $2.95 billion.
The India decline must really sting for Cook, who has played up the country as the next big market for Apple, likening it to China many years ago.
The rest of Asia Pacific is seen as a potentially large untapped market for Apple. On the company's last earnings call, Tim Cook said he was optimistic about growth in India. At the end of May, Apple admitted that the iPhone might be priced too high for the Indian market. In an interview with India's NDTV, Cook said India's market is challenging because of the excessive duties and taxes imposed on foreign companies, but that Apple is exploring alternatives, such as refurbished phones, in an effort to reduce prices over time.
Apple's gross margins were on the high end of its projections last quarter, coming in at 38%. They were down versus year-ago margins of 39.7% of revenue but on high end of Apple's forecast in April of between 37.5 percent and 38 percent.
Apple's got some OK house music playing ahead of earnings call – the music has improved since launch of Apple Music. I'm sure that's not a coincidence.
Americas revenue was also down by the way — to $18 billion from 20 billion a year ago.
Here we go! Cook to speak first, then CFO Maestri.
Alright call has just started — expect a read through of results, some optimistic commentary from Tim Cook to be followed by analyst questions.
iPhone was big cause of channel inventory reduction, Cook says.
Cook says iPhone SE, the smaller smartphone that launched this year, proved popular in developed and emerging markets, and he says it is attracting people who didn't previously have iPhone.
No exact numbers on sales tho, feel like he would have thrown it out there if it had been big.
Cook credits iPad gains to iPad Pro. Says it is best year-over-year compare for iPad in 10 quarters.
Cook sticks to his "We're just getting started with Apple Watch" line – its been available to public for a year.
Tim Cook says Apple Watch is highest selling smartwatch in the world. Says "we are just getting started" with the Apple Watch. No further details on unit volume.
Tim Cook says he visited China and India last quarter and is still bullish on those markets. Underlying growth in Greater China are 'stronger than the results imply' he said.
iPhone sales in India up more than 50% year-over-year, according to Cook. Apple also plans to open retail stores there.
Apple is continuing to gain in after hours, now nearing a 7% increase.
Cook is basically recapping everything he said at WWDC right now.
Cook is talking a lot about machine learning, both related to Siri and to deeper learning, which would help improve its services.
Cook says "retailers tell us 3 out of 4 payments made on contactless pay stations are using Apple Pay." Hearsay!
As services gain steam, however, it's important to remember that they're still a fraction of total hardware as this chart by independent analyst Jan Dawson shows.
Cook calls all the innovations he listed "the kinds of things only Apple can do." Was he taking notes during the Trump RNC speech?
Now Luca takes over call — rattling off everything in release.
Apple's CFO says average selling price was $595 in the quarter due to the lower cost iPhone SE and it expects ASPs to increase next quarter.
First analyst comments coming in. PiperJaffray's Gene Munster says Apple's revenue guide implies iPhone unit sales of between 43 million to 45 million in the September quarter. The current consensus estimate is 43 million, according to FactSet (though there is a chance analysts could raise their current-quarter estimates following this earnings report).
Software and services is 11% of Apple revenues, vs. 8% last year, and it is higher % of profit.
Three acquisitions for Apple last quarter, tho none were big enough to be material.
Call now turned over to analyst questions.
First question mentions Carpool Karaoke!
First question on investments and capital allocation — she's asking for details on M&A and equity stakes. Cook says the company is constantly looking 'on the outside' for great talent and intellectual property.
Cook says Apple has been buying a company every 3-4 weeks, says Didi investment offers potential for strategic partnerships with Chinese ride-hailing service. He also says Apple will look for similar investments, but doubts it will be a common thing – that suggests Apple will continue avoiding establishment of a venture-capital arm.
In response to a question about Apple's $1 billion investment in Didi Chuxing — a Chinese ride hailing services akin to Uber — Cook says the investment will help the company learn more about the Chinese market. However, don't expect a string of big equity investments like that one, says Cook.
In Cook's response about Apple's acquisition strategy, he did not sound like Apple wants to change its current strategy of small deals, or buy a big company.
Interesting take from Apple analyst Pat Moorhead on record high switches — the SE is attracting some people from lower-priced competitors (which was the point!), but that doesn't mean it's necessarily winning the higher-end market on this front.
Apple switcher rate I believe is driven primarily with SE. Have a hunch that Apple losing some premium units to Samsung and Huawei.
Cook doesn't seem to believe upgrade cycle is lengthening. Most data disagree.
Analyst asks why is the gross margin forecast still in the 37.5 to 38% range, even if new iPhones are expected in the fall (even though the company will not discuss new products). Apple CFO says that foreign exchange rates and the stronger dollar will have a constraining effect on margins the rest of the year. "We need to accept, now we are living in this strong U.S. dollar environment," said Apple CFO Luca Maestri.
Apple has basically now been asked "Why aren't your forecasts higher" twice. New here?
'As the phone becomes more and more your assistant, you're not going to leave without it,' says Cook as part of a number of market positives. While that's true, a vast majority of people already don't leave their homes without their phones, so I wouldn't put too much weight behind that in terms of future growth. The recent iPhone declines aren't related to people using their phones any less. It's more related to people holding onto them longer.
Cook says Apple is optimistic it will be able to make books and movies available to customers in China after they were banned earlier this year.
YAY! POKEMON MENTION FROM GENE MUNSTER!
Pokemon gets a mention!! Thanks Gene Munster from PiperJaffray.
I need a GIF of Tim Cook saying "Pokemans" as Pikachu giggles in the corner of the frame.
Luca says Apple hasn't seen a ton of cannibalization of premium iPhones because of iPhone SE — more just excited that it's helping to bring in new customers.
And taht's a wrap. Tim Cook's Pokeyman performance was my favorite thing. I imagine Apple investors are much happier about the beat and the stock gains, though.
As Apple's call winds down, shares of Apple trading 6.7% higher in after-hours trade on insanely high volume. The stock is currently on track to open around $103.15 Wednesday morning, which would mark its highest open since April 26.
Thanks for tuning in everyone, hope you enjoyed it. Now get out there in the wild and catch some Pokeymans.
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New SUV launches by Diwali 2022 in India
Hyundai Venue N-Line – September 6
Mahindra XUV400 EV – September 8
Toyota Urban Cruiser Hyryder
Maruti Suzuki Grand Vitara
Kia Sonet X Line
Mahindra XUV300 1.2 turbo
MG Hector facelift
Updated Tata Harrier/Safari
The hybrid duo SUVs from Maruti and Toyota (Grand Vitara and Hyryder), and Mahindra's first electric SUV (XUV400 EV) will arguably be the most important ones.
The festive season is just around the corner and expectedly a slew of new models are lined up for launch in the coming months. Unsurprisingly, all these launches are SUVs. From facelifts to special editions and hybrids to all-electric SUVs, there are new models rolling out of stables of Tata, Mahindra, Maruti Suzuki, Toyota and more. We give you a rundown of all new SUVs coming our way by Diwali 2022.
Hyundai's second N Line model in India will be the Venue N Line, slated for a September 6 launch. Like the i20 N Line, the Venue N Line will come powered only by the 1.0-litre turbo-petrol engine, but the gearbox is limited only to the 7-speed DCT unit. It will be offered in two trim levels – N6 and N8 – and is expected to come with a sportier suspension and exhaust set-up. There will be cosmetic tweaks as well – sportier bumpers, new colours, N Line badges as well as new upholstery, red accents and aluminium pedals on the inside.
Mahindra's new EV onslaught for India will be led by the XUV400 EV – an electric version of the ICE-powered XUV300 that draws design inspiration from the eXUV300 concept that was showcased at the 2020 Auto Expo. But unlike the XUV300, the XUV400 will be longer than four metres (around 4.2m), given that electric vehicles are not eligible for the sub-4m tax benefits. Technical details are currently scarce, but it is likely to come with single front axle-mounted electric motor making around 150hp. It is also expected to come with Mahindra's AdrenoX infotainment system and ADAS features. It will squarely be aimed at the Tata Nexon EV.
The Urban Cruiser Hyryder, unveiled in July, is Toyota's first foray into the midsize SUV segment and will challenge the dominance of the Hyundai Creta and Kia Seltos. Uniquely, the Toyota Hyryder distinguishes itself with 1.5-litre mild and strong hybrid petrol powertrains and even gets an AWD system with the former. Styling is typically Toyota and it's generously equipped on the inside as well. However, the strong hybrid versions are likely to be on the more expensive side. Bookings for the Hyryder have been underway since July.
Sibling to the Urban Cruiser Hyryder, Maruti Suzuki's Grand Vitara will closely follow the former. Both models, in fact, have been co-developed by Toyota and Maruti Suzuki and will be manufactured by the former at its Bidadi plant. Both models get individual exterior styling, but similar interiors with only minor trim differences. The Grand Vitara will also use the same set of mild and strong hybrid powertrains as the Hyryder. We have already had a brief track experience with the Grand Vitara at Maruti's R&D facility in Rohtak about which you can read here. Bookings for the Grand Vitara are ongoing as well.
Teased just a few days ago, the Sonet X Line is expected to get a similar set of cosmetic updates as the Seltos X Line that was launched a year ago. It's likely to get a matte grey exterior finish with gloss black and orange accents, and its alloy wheels are expected to be newly designed. On the inside, the Sonet X Line could come with Indigo Pera leatherette seats with the honeycomb pattern and grey stitching as was seen on the Seltos X Line. It will likely be based on the top-spec GT trim, but will remain mechanically unchanged from the standard model.
The XUV300 with the 131hp, 1.2-litre mStallion direct-injection turbo-petrol engine has for long been delayed, but Mahindra recently put out a teaser confirming the launch of the more powerful SUV. It marks a reasonable 21hp bump in power over the current 110hp, 1.2-litre turbo-petrol engine and will likely be offered with a 6-speed manual gearbox. Cosmetic tweaks is likely to be limited to only a new set of alloy wheels, but it will feature Mahindra's new twin peaks logo as on the XUV700 and Scorpio N. There could also be updates to the interior like new upholstery and improved infotainment software.
The MG Hector is soon due a mid-life facelift that will bring comprehensive cosmetic updates on the outside. Teaser images have hinted at a completely new front fascia with a larger grille, tweaked headlamps and a new bumper. MG has also teased a new 14-inch portrait-oriented touchscreen infotainment system for the updated Hector – the largest screen fitted to any car on sale in India – and it could also come with ADAS features. It is expected to remain mechanically unchanged to the existing Hector, which will also continue to be on sale alongside the new model. The updated Hector will thus be positioned above the existing model.
Tata Motors has also been teasing an update for its SUVs, which we suspect will be for the Harrier and the Safari. Recently, a camouflaged test mule of the Safari was also spied on test. While cosmetic updates on the SUVs are likely to be minimal, bigger updates are expected to the equipment list, like a larger touchscreen infotainment system as well as 360-degree cameras. To keep up with the Hector, Tata could also add a bunch of ADAS features to the SUVs. The long-awaited petrol engine on both SUVs are, however, still some time away.
Which of these new SUV launches are you most looking forward to? Let us know in the comments below.
Top 5 most fuel efficient Maruti Suzuki CNG cars
Categories Android Games Tags Diwali, India, launches, SUV
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The Chain Challenge Finale | Olive Garden, Syracuse, N.Y.
It sounds like you lost a good bet. Actually, I think you won.
How do you explain what we were doing to the server? Natalie is a sweet girl who really believes that the food at Olive Garden is good. I can't fault her for that. Actually, I commend her as she is representing her brand admirably. When it was time to order, we told Natalie that I lost a bet and that my friend Brian would be picking my dinner tonight. She thought it was funny and told me that I was really the winner in this situation.
The Chain Challenge was my gimmick to fundraise for Walk To End Alzheimer's. It was actually my friend Brian's idea. He thought that if I could raise a certain amount of money, in this case $1,500, that I should endure a meal at one of the mediocre chain restaurants that attract flocks of people for their mediocre fare and mediocre service. I raised $1,800. Now, we weren't talking about Bonefish Grill, Carrabba's, The Cheesecake Factory or P.F. Chang's. No, I was looking for the mid-range chain: Olive Garden, Outback, or Red Lobster. The restaurant that regular families choose to spend money at over perfectly good private establishments in their city. I don't mean to demonize chains, as they do provide dining options and jobs to an area. And, let's face it, not everyone cherishes the dining experience in the same was I do. Some people want to just eat and leave. And more power to them. It's just not my thing.
As per Olive Garden tradition, Natalie arrived at our table for introductions with a bottle of wine in hand. Prior to her arrival, I was offered a deal. The arrangement had me eating a four-course meal — appetizer, soup/salad, entree, dessert — but Brian and his wife Jen said that I could swap dessert out if I drank the house wine. The Rocca delle Macie SaSyr is a 60/40 blend of Sangiovese and Syrah. It had all the character of Bud Light. No nose, a thin body, no sweetness, no acidity, no fruit, and no legs. Upon tasting it, I made a cringe face. Natalie was surprised when, after sampling and retching, I ordered a 9 oz. pour. The Wife and Jen each ordered a glass of riesling. Brian ordered a short Blue Moon draught, the best option of the non-bottled beers. When Natalie returned with a tall glass, she realized that the bar had screwed up. Rather than leave the glass and letting the error wash, she took it back to the bar for a new drink. Brian was left in the arid wasteland of being drinkless.
There has been much ado about nothing with the Olive Garden breadsticks. These soft, chewy, butter-slathered sticks are served in their plastic faux-wicker basket as an all-you-can-eat courtesy and guilty pleasure. Earlier in 2014, an investor report admonished Olive Garden for giving away too many breadsticks to diners, deeming them as a needless expense to the restaurant and demanding that the restaurant cutback on the offerings. We went through three baskets of breadsticks, though not necessarily because of their typically addictive nature. It seemed as half of every order was overcooked, leaving three of every five-piece order rock hard. Jen, as she attempted to set her breadstick down, actually made it clank against the green-rimmed stoneware plate. The noise drew a laugh, and then we realized that nearly every breadstick in the order was more stick than bread.
Our opening salvo was the soup and salad course. Each entree at the restaurant comes with the promise of unlimited servings of each. Brian and I each ordered the pasta e fagioli, a muddled blend of tomato and beef stock, mixed with pasta, beans and ground beef. Previously, this soup had been without meat, so the presence of beef confused me. Pasta e fagioli is a largely meatless dish, save for pancetta or bacon that may be used to start the base. Natalie delivered a massive bowl of salad for the women, which would have been fine had the wives planned to both eat salad. The Wife was going for the famously bottomless salad bowl, while Jen had ordered the chicken and gnocchi soup. Natalie went in search of the missing soup. It turned out that the kitchen, apparently unable to keep up with the demand from the nearly full restaurant, was unable to put ladle to bowl. Jen's soup came out nearly 10 minutes after my appetizer arrived.
Angotti's, Asti Caffe, Francesca's Cucina, Frankie's Piccolo Bistro, Pascale's, Pastabilities, Joey's, Attilio's, Basil Leaf, Nestico's, Rico's, and Santangelo's. There, I've named 12 Italian restaurants in Syracuse that are owned by individuals or families and each offer their own take on Italian cuisine. A couple of them are good, a couple of them are great, and all of them makeup the fabric of city with a strong Italian-American heritage.
And while we're at it, you can get a really good Italian meal at the Pomodoro and Benucci's restaurants in the Rochester area. And, if you're in Buffalo, you have Chef's. There are probably other, maybe even better, spots in Western New York. What I'm saying is that people have options.
Oh, and there's Lombardo's in Albany.
The lasagna fritta was described by Brian and Jen as the most offensive thing they could think to order for me that wasn't seafood related. Prepared like fried mozzarella, two pasta squares were stuffed with mozzarella and ricotta, breaded and fried. They were presented with a light coating of marinara sauce over a layer of alfredo sauce. They were rich and flavorless. I'm not sure how one can put so many flavors together on one plate and forget to add flavor, yet here we were. The Wife and Brian planned to share an order of bruschetta. When the fritta arrived, the food server brought out a bowl of steaming hot mozzarella. It turns out we were delivered the smoked mozzarella fonduta. Natalie took this away and went on another journey, searching for the bruschetta.
A minute or two after Natalie walked away, another food server arrived with entrees. As Natalie came by, we told her to call off the search party on the bruschetta. Natalie returned about 10 minutes after the entrees were served, bruschetta in hand. She apologized and offered the appetizer for free, courtesy of her manager. It languished on the table.
The current Olive Garden promotion revolves around its Tours of Italy. Each is a trio of Italian dishes inspired by Northern and Southern Italian cuisine. Brian chose the classic tour for me. The presentation of fettuccine alfredo, chicken parmigiana and lasagna filled my platter in the way that I remember from my high school and college days, when we were broke enough to consider the Olive Garden an attainable, nice evening out. I just don't remember the Tour of Italy being so below average. For instance, I did not realize that one could burn fettuccine, but there were brown, crunchy spots in one region of the fettuccine. The rest of pasta was limp leading me to believe that my platter took a lengthy vacation under a heat lamp and maybe my pasta was too close to the heating element. This also explains the cheese situation on the chicken parmigiana and lasagna. The mozzarella looked lifeless and dry, as if it had been cooked hours ago and held for too long in a heated area. Cheese had pulled away from the edges and the sauce underneath the cheese rendered the chicken cutlet breading soggy.
While the chicken was average at best, the lasagna was barely edible. It is pictured on the Olive Garden website as proud and standing tall, and described as "prepared fresh daily with layers of pasta, Italian cheeses and our homemade meat sauce." It was depressing; structurally flat and ripe with a phony flavor. An overpowering Italian sausage flavor of oregano and fennel drowned everything else out. I took two bites and decided that I couldn't finish it. It just wasn't any good.
(For those who don't know what Pittsburgh style is.) It appeared as if Brian had the only tolerable entree at the table. While we joked about the parmesan drizzle, he described his primavera lasagna as average. Jen ordered the steak gorgonzola alfredo. In theory, four steak medallion were to be presented with gorgonzola cheese over fettuccine alfredo. In practice, Jen received four pieces of undercooked beef — she requested medium well — over a bowl of pasta with a scant serving of creamy alfredo sauce. And, even though she asked that sun-dried tomatoes be withheld, she spent part of the time picking out the offenders that snuck in.
The Wife wanted a bowl of pasta with marinara and the best she could get her hands on was the Cucina Mia section of the menu where you could choose your pasta and sauce. She opted for the giant ravioli with five-cheese marinara. We gave up on guessing what cheeses were involved — I guessed asiago, parmesan, and romano before giving up; turns out it is mozzarella, parmesan, romano, ricotta and fontina — because staring too long at the sauce made us think about our daughters. During their infant days, we would spoonfeed them squash or carrots, only to have them spit it back up on their bib. The Wife's pasta sauce had the same shade and consistency. Missy ate about one-third of her entree before forfeiting.
So, here's the ultimate problem with the Olive Garden: there's no value. It would be one thing if the food was good, or if the food was reasonably priced. I could give it a pass if the recipe developers made even the slightest attempt at serving a nutritionally-rich meal (my Tour of Italy had 1,500 calories, 93 grams of fat, 47 grams of saturated fat, 3 grams of trans fat, and 3,210 mg of sodium).
They do none of that. Our pre-tip bill was $113. Our average entree cost was $15. Sure, I had a big plate of whatever, but even Missy's bowl of vomit pasta was $11.99, on par with a bowl of penne vodka from Asti Caffe.
The Tour of Italy weighed in at $17.99. For $17.90, I could have sat at Angotti's and ordered a full-size chicken parmigiana with a side of pasta and a full-sized lasagna. And, there would have been so much food that I would have brought at least one whole entree's worth home.
So, what's my problem with restaurants like Olive Garden? They are a reflection of who we are as a people. We should want more for our money. We should demand higher quality food. We should expect our $113 plus tip gets us consistent service and better quality from the kitchen. But, we don't. We settle. We settle for warmed over chicken parmigiana made days before. We sit there and take undercooked steak. We watch as the server discards a 20 oz. beer and orders a 16 oz. because of a mistake.
We settle because driving downtown to a quality family-owned restaurant is too hard or because we believe the neighborhood is unsafe. Instead, we go to the suburban outpost with plentiful parking and burned pasta.
We have been deluded into the belief that mediocre is not only good, but it's the best we can do.
That is the crime of Olive Garden.
Natalie did nothing (or very little) wrong, and there was nothing she could do to make the evening better. She was the perfect ambassador of the Olive Garden in every way that I teach my staff to represent our brand. We tipped 20 percent because how could we do lower? The only person to get hurt in that instance is Natalie because, at the end of the night, she takes our table's $22 tip and tips out the hostesses, bar staff, runners, and bus team. Our 20 percent shrinks to about 15 percent (her taxable rate) by the time she ends the night. It's not her fault that the kitchen was inept. She was not the one who was incapable of reading the call slip for Brian's beer. Tipping her at 20 percent is the only thing that I would do over again in that scenario.
Because it's the frontline person, the Natalie's of the restaurant industry, who get hurt in these instances. She makes $3 an hour before gratuities and I could not justifiably punish her for the sins of her employer. So, when I think about what she said to me as we ordered — "It sounds like you lost a good bet. Actually, I think you won." — I have to disagree.
No Natalie, we all lose.
Olive Garden is located at 3147 Erie Blvd. E. in Syracuse between Thompson Road and Bridge Street. Dinner for four, pre-tip, was $113.
Previous articleSouthern Tier Brewing Company Krampus: What The Helles Is A Krampus?
Um, wow. I had some things to say. But by the end? I'm just nauseous.
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Dark Island, a prominent feature of the Saint Lawrence Seaway, is located in the lower (eastern) Thousand Islands region, near Chippewa Bay. It is a part of the Town of Hammond, in St. Lawrence County, New York.
A historic landmark on the island, "The Towers", was long known as "Dark Island Castle" until recently renamed "Singer Castle". The island is situated only a few yards south of the Canada-United States border that runs along the river.
The Castle features 28 bedrooms, bathrooms, a large Drawing Room, library, and kitchen. Within the walls is a network of secret passageways that are accessible from various locations, one of which is a panel in the library that, at one time, could be opened by pulling a specific book from a nearby shelf, triggering the locking mechanism.
The south side of the island is only about one hundred feet from the shipping channel, and cargo ships frequently pass the island. Because of the depth of the channel on one side, and the relative shallowness on the other, it is very good for sport fishing of largemouth bass and northern pike.
Early history of the castle
Most of the architectural work at Dark Island is attributed to the prominent American architect Ernest Flagg. His client was Frederick Gilbert Bourne, president of the Singer Manufacturing Company (now the Singer Corporation), producer of the Singer Sewing Machine. His daughter, Marjorie Bourne Thayer, made large additions in 1928. Flagg also designed the skyscraper headquarters for the company in New York City, the tallest building in the world at the time. Flagg is known for many major American projects, such as the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis, Maryland.
The island's castle was the last of several "castles" built at the Thousand Islands during a brief interval (1888–1905). Bourne undertook the project while the larger Boldt Castle was nearing completion nearby. The architect modeled the stone structure, planned in 1903, on a castle in Woodstock, England that was described in Sir Walter Scott's book Woodstock.
Following the 1919 death of Frederick Bourne, his daughter Marjorie (Mrs. Alexander D. Thayer) took title to the property. Her ownership was contested by a brother, but she retained title.
Upon her death, the Roman Catholic order Brothers of the Christian Schools (the Christian Brothers) acquired Dark Island along with the large Bourne country house, Indian Neck Hall at Oakdale on Long Island, which thereafter became LaSalle Military Academy. Having little use for the remote island in the St. Lawrence River, the Christian Brothers sold Dark Island in 1965 for approximately US$5,000, to be used thereafter by a charitable organization of religious character, the Harold Martin Evangelistic Association.
Subsequent history
The previous tax-exempt status of the property was contested by neighbors after occupancy by the new owner. They contended that Dr. Harold Martin, director of the charity, maintained the tax-exempt property for his own private use as a summer residence. Martin prevailed in court, on the basis that he and his wife, Eloise, offered a religious service on the island every Sunday morning, open to all. During this Martin interval, the property was called "Jorstadt Castle," from Dr. Harold Martin's family surname before immigrating from Norway. The castle's name has since been changed to "Singer Castle."
After more than thirty years of Martin tenure, removal, sometimes due to theft, depleted the original contents. Due to the high cost of maintenance, a number of original fixtures and artifacts fell into disrepair. Rumors about the true use of the property (its new name not identifying any religious or charitable ownership), together with gradual deterioration of the property and stories about a complex maze of dimly lit secret passageways, complete with a dungeon, all increased the romantic mystique of Dark Island.
During the later decades of the Martin period (the late 1980s and early 1990s), Dark Island was listed for sale. Advertisements appeared in high-end real estate magazines such as Unique Homes with suggestions that it be a "private residence, corporate retreat or hunting lodge." Interest came from as far as Japan, but the property remained unsold until acquired in 2001 by Dark Island Tours, Inc., a venture of German businessman Farhad Vladi and two European business partners. Vladi also operates Vladi Private Islands GmbH, real estate company based in Hamburg, Germany that specializes in selling islands.
Dark Island Tours, Inc. undertook an extensive campaign of restoration and adaptation in order to open Dark Island to the visiting public. Tours were initiated in 2003. Despite losses over the years, the interior of the castle retains its original character, with most of the Bourne-Thayer furnishings. Unlike nearby Boldt Castle, Dark Island always served as a private residence, until opened to the public for tours.
In 2006, Dark Island was listed for sale through Sotheby's International Realty for $22 million.
Popular culture
The castle was featured in the 2000 film, The Skulls
An episode of The Great Escape was filmed at Singer Castle but it never aired.
The Canadian folk rock band Great Lake Swimmers recorded part of their 2009 album Lost Channels at the castle. The album includes an interlude consisting of 48 seconds of the castle bells chiming.
References
Further reading
Mondore, Robert and Patty. Singer Castle. Mount Pleasant, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing Co., 2005. A photographic survey.
Malo, Paul. Fools' Paradise. Fulton, New York: Laurentian Press, 2003.
Mondore, Robert and Patty. Dark Island's Castle of Mysteries. Gold-Mountain, 2003, 2006. A 58-minute documentary DVD.
External links
Singer Castle official site
Islands of St. Lawrence County, New York
Castles in New York (state)
Islands of the Thousand Islands in New York (state)
Museums in St. Lawrence County, New York
Historic house museums in New York (state)
Houses in St. Lawrence County, New York
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Double detection of cell changes could diagnose disease earlier
by Hayley Dunning 01 October 2020
Chemical probes that detect changes in two factors related to inflammation within cells could lead to earlier disease detection.
The probes measure changes in the levels of carbon monoxide (CO) and the viscosity (stickiness) of the fluid inside cells, two measures known to be associated with inflammation and are potential markers for heart disease.
They could be used when testing biopsy samples for signs of disease, and are also revealing the fundamental mechanisms of how disease affects cells, which could lead to new treatment approaches.
Probes capable of providing this degree of information on the cellular environment could be used to aid the early diagnosis of disease. Dr James Wilton-Ely
The probes were designed by researchers from the Department of Chemistry at Imperial College London. Their research is published in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition.
CO is naturally produced in the cells of mammals, where it has a range of roles, including helping to reduce inflammation. Therefore, when inflammation is present, levels of CO rise.
Another parameter that changes during inflammation is viscosity, or 'stickiness', of the fluid inside cells. Viscosity appears to change when levels of short-lived reactive chemicals called reactive oxygen species (ROS) change, which can affect signalling and transport of molecules within cells.
Measuring both CO and viscosity could therefore shed light on the mechanism of disease, such as whether ROS are involved, or even provide early disease diagnoses. However, creating probes that can pinpoint these changes within the complex environment of the cell has proven difficult.
Both parameters at once
Now, the research team from Imperial have combined CO and viscosity sensing molecular probes and shown they can successfully measure the change in both parameters in cells in the lab.
Group leader, Dr James Wilton-Ely, from the Department of Chemistry at Imperial, said: "For the first time, we have created a probe that lets us see changes in both parameters at the same location in the cell. Probes capable of providing this degree of information on the cellular environment could be used to aid the early diagnosis of disease.
"Such tools also provide key information on the mechanisms used by our bodies to fight disease and could be used to design more effective interventions."
Cells (blue) surrounded by CO (green)
Viscosity (coloured) highlighted by the probe
Dr Wilton-Ely and his team previously designed a probe to detect CO in cells taken from mice, using a molecule that fluoresces (glows) when the probe binds to CO so that the signal can be detected by microscope.
The team joined with another group in the Department of Chemistry, led by Dr Marina Kuimova, that has expertise in detecting viscosity changes using 'molecular rotors'. The rate at which the fluorescence of these molecules decays over time depends on the internal flexibility within the molecule, which in turn is affected by the viscosity. Higher viscosity thus leads to slower rotation and results in a longer fluorescence lifetime.
Dual sensitivity
A shared office allowed members of the two teams – Dr Jonathan Robson and Dr Markéta Kubánková – to consider combining their probe designs. They created a probe with a ruthenium metal centre that binds selectively to CO and causes a 16-fold enhancement in the fluorescence. At the same time, a molecular rotor unit responds to viscosity by changing its fluorescence lifetime.
Dr Kuimova said: "The dual sensitivity of these new probes is unique and exploits the fact that different fluorescence parameters of the same probe (intensity and lifetime in this case) can be engineered to respond to independent stimuli."
After confirming the probe was stable, non-toxic and was not affected by factors other than CO and viscosity, the team proved its detection ability in live cells. They 'stressed' the cells by creating an oxygen-deprived environment, which mirrors inflammation and causes the release of CO.
As well as detecting disease, the probes could be used to unravel other questions about cellular responses to inflammation. To this end, Dr Wilton-Ely and colleagues at King's College London plan to explore the relationship between a cancer patient's response to chemotherapy and their expression of an enzyme called HO-1, which generates carbon monoxide and is linked to suppression of the immune system.
'Simultaneous Detection of Carbon Monoxide and Viscosity Changes in Cells' by Jonathan A. Robson, Markéta Kubánková, Tamzin Bond, Rian A. Hendley, Andrew J. P. White, Marina, K. Kuimova and James D. E. T. Wilton-Ely is published in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition.
Immune-system, Comms-strategy-Real-world-benefits, Research, REF
Cells develop a 'thicker skin' under extreme gravity
Designer molecule shines a spotlight on mysterious four-stranded DNA
Carbon monoxide detection in the body could lead to rapid disease diagnostics
Mr Jonathan A Robson
Dr Marketa Kubankova
Dr Marina K Kuimova
Dr James D Wilton-Ely
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If GM's crystal ball is working, the future of cars has more pickups for now, and less of everything in the future.
That's the thinking driving General Motors' major internal restructuring announcement, which came Monday. The company plans to stop producing many compact or sedan models, including the Chevrolet Cruze, Volt, and Impala, the Buick LaCrosse, and the Cadillac CT6. It will close at least three assembly plants that build those cars, in Youngstown, Ohio; Oshawa, Ontario; and Detroit. And it will lay off as many as 14,000 men and women, including about 8,000 salaried workers, along the way.
So, while it plans to cut annual capital spending to $7 billion by 2020, from an average of $8.5 billion between 2017 and 2019, GM is spending big to develop electric and autonomous vehicles. The company said last fall that it would launch 20 new battery electric models in North America by 2023, and at least 10 in China by 2020. Brauer notes that GM's decision to discontinue the battery electric Volt may be more about the car's form than its drivetrain. The automaker showed off a crossover EV, the Buick Velite 6, at the Shanghai Auto Show in April and said it plans to start selling the vehicle in China next year. It could come to the US soon after.
Meanwhile, Cruise, the GM self-driving unit acquired in 2016, said earlier this month that it would open a new office in Seattle. In the spring, CEO Kyle Vogt said the company was expanding its head count by 40 percent each quarter. A $2.25 billion investment from the Softbank Vision Fund, announced in May, has also spurred (and funded) development there.
Once their tech is ready for deployment—GM promises a commercial service will launch somewhere come 2019—all sorts of tricky questions remain. The arrival of more electric and connected cars only make things more complex. Will the automaker figure out how to use the streams of data that flow from a connected car to improve the customer experience, or even sell people things? Will it crack the best business model for driverless cars, once they can operate in a city or seven? Will it seed enough infrastructure to make electric cars widely available? Answer those questions, and you'll know whether the automaker will survive into the decades to come.
But getting to the future requires selling vehicles now. And GM seems to believe that Americans will want big ones, not small ones, for the next decade or so. The present is clear; the distant future, where robotaxis roam the streets, is also clear. It's the tricky middle part that GM will have to finesse.
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Spahisi (tur. Sipahi, per. سپاهی) – feudalne oddziały nieregularnej jazdy tureckiej za czasów imperium osmańskiego. Spahisi byli tureckimi odpowiednikami europejskiego rycerstwa. Zwani byli także timariotami, jako lennicy niewielkich posiadłości ziemskich zwanych "timar". Po raz pierwszy zorganizowane ok. 1326 roku. Od XVI wieku stopniowo tracili na znaczeniu, zaś w XIX wieku Mahmud II tę formację zlikwidował. Do służby wojskowej w kampaniach sułtana powoływani byli przez sandżakbejów – lokalnych namiestników, odpowiadających przed bejlerbejami.
Formacja ta tworzyła wraz z janczarami trzon tureckiej armii. Spahisi stanowili ciężką jazdę, stacjonującą na europejskich granicach sułtanatu tureckiego. Byli znakomicie wyszkoleni w działaniach bojowych i jeździe konnej, a także w walce wręcz. Żołnierce poświęcone było całe ich życie. Byli swoistą kastą wojowników, do pewnego stopnia porównywalną z europejskim rycerstwem. Spahisi byli wyposażeni w różnorodne uzbrojenie m.in.: kaftan z kolczugi lub zbroję perską typu "cztery zwierciadła", parę karwaszy, tarczę typu kałkan, łuk refleksyjny, krótką spisę, szablę, arkan, misiurkę lub szyszak perski.
Podczas wojen, naczelnicy spahisów zwali się bołukami (w radzie zasiadało ich siedmiu).
Bibliografia
Andrzej Michałek – Wyprawy krzyżowe. Mehmed Zdobywca, Dom Wydawniczy Bellona, Warszawa 2003
Andrzej Michałek – Wyprawy krzyżowe. Armie ludów tureckich, Dom Wydawniczy Bellona, Warszawa 2003
Formacje Wojskowe Imperium Osmańskiego
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As the Chinese government faces memories of threats to its authority at Tiananmen Square, the power of new communication channels, such as Twitter, is seen in their neutralization by the powers that be. The news fails to be run by Xinhua, the news organization of the communist state. Hong Kong, where there is far more free speech than mainland China, and where the anniversary of the 1989 uprising is well-celebrated, turns away one of the participants who flew to the southeastern Asian city to mark 20 years after the protests.
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Featured Posts on HomePage
Operation Christmas Child News
Tricentennial Banner Presented
Video Credit: Saddle Brook Township YouTube channel
SADDLE BROOK -- The First Reformed Church of Saddle Brook had sponsored a banner during Saddle Brook's tricentennial celebration in 2016. That banner was hung at the corner of Saddle River Road and Franklin Avenue from June through mid-November.
During last Sunday's worship service, however, that banner was presented back to Rev. Wolf and members of the congregation. Saddle Brook Mayor Robert White and Robert Kugler, Chairman of the Tricentennial Committee and Saddle Brook Police Chief, visited the congregation at the beginning of the service to formally present and return the banner.
"It was such a blessing for us to be a part of the tricentennial celebration. We had a wonderful banner presentation ceremony with Mayor White and Chief Kugler. It highlighted that a key part of our mission is to be a partner in Saddle Brook - to serve and care for people," said Rev. Christopher B. Wolf.
The video of this presentation is viewable on the Saddle Brook Township YouTube channel (see video above) and Saddle Brook TV (channel 77 on Cablevision and Channel 38 on Verizon FiOS).
This Week at First Reformed ~ 1/26/2020
Worship with us online every Sunday at 10:30am
5 Ackerman Ave. Saddle Brook, NJ 07663 (corner of Saddle River Rd.)
[email protected]
Copyright © 2020 by the First Reformed Church of Saddle Brook
Adult Bible Studies
Prayer Cloth Ministry
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The Euro failed to make good on an attempted break higher from a range confining price action against the US Dollar since late October. The pair briefly breached resistance in the 1.1456-81 area but the upswing ran out of steam on a test of trend line resistance set from January 2018. A test of this barrier produced a bearish Evening Star candlestick, which was soon followed by a drop back into familiar territory.
Sellers are now eyeing counter-trend support guiding the upswing from lows set in mid-November. A daily close below this barrier – now at 1.1328 – would suggest the dominant long-term decline is ready to be reasserted. The first downside hurdle to follow is the November 12 low at 1.1216, followed by a support shelf in the 1.1110-32 zone.
The 1.1456-81 region is back as immediate resistance. Another foray above it would open the door for a test of 1.1554. This appears to be a pivotal spot for bears, marking the intersection of trend line resistance and a chart inflection area in play since November 2017. Establishing a foothold above this would go a long way toward de-fusing immediate selling pressure.
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Oliver Angell
Personal Information | Notes | Event Map | All | PDF
Name Oliver Angell
Born 4 Nov 1787 North Providence, Providence, Rhode Island
Buried North Burial Ground, North Main Street, Providence, Providence, Rhode Island
Person ID I27367 Whipple Descendants
Father Hope Angell, b. 28 Mar 1742, North Providence, Providence, Rhode Island , d. Bef 4 Jun 1819, North Providence, Providence, Rhode Island (Age < 77 years)
Mother Avis Olney, b. 10 Jun 1748, d. 24 Jul 1833 (Age 85 years)
Married 29 Apr 1772 North Providence, Providence, Rhode Island
Family Nancy Read or Reed, b. 16 Feb 1784, of, Seekonk, Bristol, Massachusetts
Married 1808
Born - 4 Nov 1787 - North Providence, Providence, Rhode Island
Buried - - North Burial Ground, North Main Street, Providence, Providence, Rhode Island
!SOURCE: Avery F. Angell, Genealogy of the Descendants of Thomas Angell, Who Settled in Providence, 1636 (Providence, A. Crawford Greene, 1872), p. 82, 145-147.
|
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Games Played 22 January 2014
13 this week and 8 games played, although this is upped somewhat by some short fillers played on one of the tables.
Power Grid got its first play of the year and also its first play using one of the latest 2 expansion maps, in this case Australia, the other side is the Indian Subcontinent, which we must get to soon. Both maps seem to offer greater differences to the basic system than most of the others available.
In the case of Australia, there are 3 main differences of note, the most significant being the use of Uranium. While on the other maps it is one of the fuels used to run Power Stations, in Australia there are no Uranium plants and the cards for these in the deck represent uranium mines, so if you have the number 11 (one uranium -> 2 cities), this produces 2 uranium which is sold on the international market, rather than using 1 uranium to power 2 cities, the uranium is sold in the Bureaucracy phase and provides an additional source of income in addition to supplying power. As uranium is sold the wooden pieces are added to the display causing a reduction in price and when the other resources are restocked, uranium is removed from the display causing an increase in price for the following round. As uranium cards no longer represent power plants they no longer count toward a player's limit of 3(4), but they are still auctioned in the same way so if you buy a uranium mine, you will not be able to buy a plant in the same round (or vice versa).
The other 2 changes are the layout of the board where not all cities are linked together, when choosing regions to play it is not necessary for them to be adjacent as you are allowed to link from one city to any other on the board for a maximum connection cost of 20, regardless of whether a continuous line of cities can be traced. Finally in step 3 there is a rise in resource prices (the government imposes green taxes), so that they run from 3 to 10, rather than 1 to 8.
In the game we played resource prices were very high for most of the game, perhaps some people were buying more than they really needed, but I think that this may be more common on this board as there are actually fewer plants available with Nuclear not available meaning that each of the other resources are in greater demand. At the end of the game all the resources were costing 9-10 after step 3 started and the prices went up.
Dave won this one, coming from behind, he was the one who had the bulk of the uranium mines and this extra money gave him the advantage in the tie break. It will be interesting to see if this tends to repeat in other games, although it should be noted that James who was the only other one producing uranium did not seem to benefit, finishing last. I felt that I made a couple of serious mistakes starting step 2 building up to 10 cities which, at that time I couldn't power. I then got involved in an auction for the 34 uranium plant (5 uranium produced), but dropped out expecting the 35 oil plant would drop. In fact the 24 trash plant was drawn and I compounded the error by buying it, when I think in retrospect it would probably have been better to wait a turn.
All games played listed below, including World Without End for the first time in a while.
Euphoria: Build a Better Dystopia - 60 Mins.
Posn. Player Score
1 Chris S 10
2 Stan 9
Viticulture - 60 Mins.
2 Stan 17
World Without End - 110 Mins.
1 Dave F 55
2 Steve H 54
3 Mike 44
4 Phil 36
Katzenjammer Blues - 20 Mins.
2 Mike 4
3 Phil 3
4 Dave F 0
Animal Olympics - 10 Mins.
1 Steve H 0
Mansions of Madness - 105 Mins.
1 Mark W 0
1 Steve W 0
3 Jaime 0
Power Grid - 160 Mins.
1 Dave G 16
2 Gordon 16
3 Dave D 12
4 James S 12
Sorry I couldn't be there this week, going to have to miss this week too as away for work (which is usually rare)
See you guys On 5th Feb!
Mike Head 27 January 2014 at 20:48
Last time I played WWE, I totalling ignored Medicine (though I think I cured a couple of small houses almost by accident), build my usual Piety and Wheat houses and dumped stone and wood into buildings like crazy - and won. This time, well I tried the same strategy , but it just didn't cut it. A really painful freeze of the wool/cloth market screwed me for cash so badly that recovering just ate into my subsequent turns, with only 2 out of the other 3 players going for medicine, Dave F and Steve just creamed off too many points from that for me to compete. It's a terrific game, but goodness it's unforgiving at times.
Games Played 8 January 2014
|
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var RuntimeGenerator = {
alloc: function(size, type, init, sep, ignoreAlign) {
sep = sep || ';';
var ret = type + 'TOP';
if (init) {
ret += sep + '_memset(' + type + 'TOP, 0, ' + size + ')';
}
ret += sep + type + 'TOP = (' + type + 'TOP + ' + size + ')|0';
if ({{{ STACK_ALIGN }}} > 1 && !ignoreAlign) {
ret += sep + RuntimeGenerator.alignMemory(type + 'TOP', {{{ STACK_ALIGN }}});
}
return ret;
},
// An allocation that lives as long as the current function call
stackAlloc: function(size, sep) {
sep = sep || ';';
var ret = RuntimeGenerator.alloc(size, 'STACK', false, sep, USE_TYPED_ARRAYS != 2 || (isNumber(size) && parseInt(size) % {{{ STACK_ALIGN }}} == 0));
if (ASSERTIONS) {
ret += sep + 'assert(' + asmCoercion('(STACKTOP|0) < (STACK_MAX|0)', 'i32') + ')';
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assert(initial % Runtime.STACK_ALIGN == 0);
if (ASSERTIONS && Runtime.STACK_ALIGN == 4) {
ret += '; assert(' + asmCoercion('!(STACKTOP&3)', 'i32') + ')';
}
}
if (ASSERTIONS) {
ret += '; assert(' + asmCoercion('(STACKTOP|0) < (STACK_MAX|0)', 'i32') + ')';
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if (false) {
ret += '; _memset(' + asmCoercion('__stackBase__', 'i32') + ', 0, ' + initial + ')';
}
return ret;
},
stackExit: function(initial, force) {
if (initial === 0 && SKIP_STACK_IN_SMALL && !force) return '';
var ret = '';
if (SAFE_HEAP) {
ret += 'var i = __stackBase__; while ((i|0) < (STACKTOP|0)) { SAFE_HEAP_CLEAR(i|0); i = (i+1)|0 }';
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// called, takes control of STATICTOP)
staticAlloc: function(size) {
if (ASSERTIONS) size = '(assert(!staticSealed),' + size + ')'; // static area must not be sealed
var ret = RuntimeGenerator.alloc(size, 'STATIC', INIT_HEAP);
return ret;
},
// allocation on the top of memory, adjusted dynamically by sbrk
dynamicAlloc: function(size) {
if (ASSERTIONS) size = '(assert(DYNAMICTOP > 0),' + size + ')'; // dynamic area must be ready
var ret = RuntimeGenerator.alloc(size, 'DYNAMIC', INIT_HEAP);
if (USE_TYPED_ARRAYS) ret += '; if (DYNAMICTOP >= TOTAL_MEMORY) enlargeMemory();'
return ret;
},
alignMemory: function(target, quantum) {
if (typeof quantum !== 'number') {
quantum = '(quantum ? quantum : {{{ STACK_ALIGN }}})';
}
return target + ' = ' + Runtime.forceAlign(target, quantum);
},
// Given two 32-bit unsigned parts of an emulated 64-bit number, combine them into a JS number (double).
// Rounding is inevitable if the number is large. This is a particular problem for small negative numbers
// (-1 will be rounded!), so handle negatives separately and carefully
makeBigInt: function(low, high, unsigned) {
var unsignedRet = '(' + asmCoercion(makeSignOp(low, 'i32', 'un', 1, 1), 'float') + '+(' + asmCoercion(makeSignOp(high, 'i32', 'un', 1, 1), 'float') + '*' + asmEnsureFloat(4294967296, 'float') + '))';
var signedRet = '(' + asmCoercion(makeSignOp(low, 'i32', 'un', 1, 1), 'float') + '+(' + asmCoercion(makeSignOp(high, 'i32', 're', 1, 1), 'float') + '*' + asmEnsureFloat(4294967296, 'float') + '))';
if (typeof unsigned === 'string') return '(' + unsigned + ' ? ' + unsignedRet + ' : ' + signedRet + ')';
return unsigned ? unsignedRet : signedRet;
}
};
function unInline(name_, params) {
var src = '(function(' + params + ') { var ret = ' + RuntimeGenerator[name_].apply(null, params) + '; return ret; })';
var ret = eval(src);
return ret;
}
var Runtime = {
stackSave: function() {
return STACKTOP;
},
stackRestore: function(stackTop) {
STACKTOP = stackTop;
},
forceAlign: function(target, quantum) {
quantum = quantum || {{{ QUANTUM_SIZE }}};
if (quantum == 1) return target;
if (isNumber(target) && isNumber(quantum)) {
return Math.ceil(target/quantum)*quantum;
} else if (isNumber(quantum) && isPowerOfTwo(quantum)) {
var logg = log2(quantum);
return '((((' +target + ')+' + (quantum-1) + ')>>' + logg + ')<<' + logg + ')';
}
return 'Math.ceil((' + target + ')/' + quantum + ')*' + quantum;
},
isNumberType: function(type) {
return type in Runtime.INT_TYPES || type in Runtime.FLOAT_TYPES;
},
isPointerType: isPointerType,
isStructType: isStructType,
INT_TYPES: set('i1', 'i8', 'i16', 'i32', 'i64'),
FLOAT_TYPES: set('float', 'double'),
// Imprecise bitops utilities
or64: function(x, y) {
var l = (x | 0) | (y | 0);
var h = (Math.round(x / 4294967296) | Math.round(y / 4294967296)) * 4294967296;
return l + h;
},
and64: function(x, y) {
var l = (x | 0) & (y | 0);
var h = (Math.round(x / 4294967296) & Math.round(y / 4294967296)) * 4294967296;
return l + h;
},
xor64: function(x, y) {
var l = (x | 0) ^ (y | 0);
var h = (Math.round(x / 4294967296) ^ Math.round(y / 4294967296)) * 4294967296;
return l + h;
},
//! Returns the size of a type, as C/C++ would have it (in 32-bit, for now), in bytes.
//! @param type The type, by name.
getNativeTypeSize: function(type, quantumSize) {
if (Runtime.QUANTUM_SIZE == 1) return 1;
var size = {
'%i1': 1,
'%i8': 1,
'%i16': 2,
'%i32': 4,
'%i64': 8,
"%float": 4,
"%double": 8
}['%'+type]; // add '%' since float and double confuse Closure compiler as keys, and also spidermonkey as a compiler will remove 's from '_i8' etc
if (!size) {
if (type.charAt(type.length-1) == '*') {
size = Runtime.QUANTUM_SIZE; // A pointer
} else if (type[0] == 'i') {
var bits = parseInt(type.substr(1));
assert(bits % 8 == 0);
size = bits/8;
}
}
return size;
},
//! Returns the size of a structure field, as C/C++ would have it (in 32-bit,
//! for now).
//! @param type The type, by name.
getNativeFieldSize: function(type) {
return Math.max(Runtime.getNativeTypeSize(type), Runtime.QUANTUM_SIZE);
},
dedup: dedup,
set: set,
STACK_ALIGN: {{{ STACK_ALIGN }}},
// type can be a native type or a struct (or null, for structs we only look at size here)
getAlignSize: function(type, size, vararg) {
// we align i64s and doubles on 64-bit boundaries, unlike x86
#if TARGET_LE32
if (type == 'i64' || type == 'double' || vararg) return 8;
if (!type) return Math.min(size, 8); // align structures internally to 64 bits
#endif
return Math.min(size || (type ? Runtime.getNativeFieldSize(type) : 0), Runtime.QUANTUM_SIZE);
},
// Calculate aligned size, just like C structs should be. TODO: Consider
// requesting that compilation be done with #pragma pack(push) /n #pragma pack(1),
// which would remove much of the complexity here.
calculateStructAlignment: function calculateStructAlignment(type) {
type.flatSize = 0;
type.alignSize = 0;
var diffs = [];
var prev = -1;
type.flatIndexes = type.fields.map(function(field) {
var size, alignSize;
if (Runtime.isNumberType(field) || Runtime.isPointerType(field)) {
size = Runtime.getNativeTypeSize(field); // pack char; char; in structs, also char[X]s.
alignSize = Runtime.getAlignSize(field, size);
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size = Types.types[field].flatSize;
alignSize = Runtime.getAlignSize(null, Types.types[field].alignSize);
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// bN, large number field, like a [N x i8]
size = field.substr(1)|0;
alignSize = 1;
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throw 'Unclear type in struct: ' + field + ', in ' + type.name_ + ' :: ' + dump(Types.types[type.name_]);
}
if (type.packed) alignSize = 1;
type.alignSize = Math.max(type.alignSize, alignSize);
var curr = Runtime.alignMemory(type.flatSize, alignSize); // if necessary, place this on aligned memory
type.flatSize = curr + size;
if (prev >= 0) {
diffs.push(curr-prev);
}
prev = curr;
return curr;
});
type.flatSize = Runtime.alignMemory(type.flatSize, type.alignSize);
if (diffs.length == 0) {
type.flatFactor = type.flatSize;
} else if (Runtime.dedup(diffs).length == 1) {
type.flatFactor = diffs[0];
}
type.needsFlattening = (type.flatFactor != 1);
return type.flatIndexes;
},
// Given details about a structure, returns its alignment. For example,
// generateStructInfo(
// [
// ['i32', 'field1'],
// ['i8', 'field2']
// ]
// ) will return
// { field1: 0, field2: 4 } (depending on QUANTUM_SIZE)
//
// Instead of [type, name], you can also provide just [name]. In that case
// it will use type information present in LLVM bitcode. (It is safer to
// specify the type though, as it will then check the type.) You must then
// also specify the second parameter to generateStructInfo, which is the
// LLVM structure name.
//
// Note that LLVM optimizations can remove some of the debug info generated
// by -g.
//
// Note that you will need the full %struct.* name here at compile time,
// but not at runtime. The reason is that during compilation we cannot
// simplify the type names yet. At runtime, you can provide either the short
// or the full name.
//
// When providing a typeName, you can generate information for nested
// structs, for example, struct = ['field1', { field2: ['sub1', 'sub2', 'sub3'] }, 'field3']
// which represents a structure whose 2nd field is another structure.
generateStructInfo: function(struct, typeName, offset) {
var type, alignment;
if (typeName) {
offset = offset || 0;
type = (typeof Types === 'undefined' ? Runtime.typeInfo : Types.types)[typeName];
if (!type) return null;
if (type.fields.length != struct.length) {
printErr('Number of named fields must match the type for ' + typeName + ': possibly duplicate struct names. Cannot return structInfo');
return null;
}
alignment = type.flatIndexes;
} else {
var type = { fields: struct.map(function(item) { return item[0] }) };
alignment = Runtime.calculateStructAlignment(type);
}
var ret = {
__size__: type.flatSize
};
if (typeName) {
struct.forEach(function(item, i) {
if (typeof item === 'string') {
ret[item] = alignment[i] + offset;
} else {
// embedded struct
var key;
for (var k in item) key = k;
ret[key] = Runtime.generateStructInfo(item[key], type.fields[i], alignment[i]);
}
});
} else {
struct.forEach(function(item, i) {
ret[item[1]] = alignment[i];
});
}
return ret;
},
dynCall: function(sig, ptr, args) {
if (args && args.length) {
#if ASSERTIONS
assert(args.length == sig.length-1);
#endif
#if ASM_JS
if (!args.splice) args = Array.prototype.slice.call(args);
args.splice(0, 0, ptr);
return Module['dynCall_' + sig].apply(null, args);
#else
return FUNCTION_TABLE[ptr].apply(null, args);
#endif
} else {
#if ASSERTIONS
assert(sig.length == 1);
#endif
#if ASM_JS
return Module['dynCall_' + sig].call(null, ptr);
#else
return FUNCTION_TABLE[ptr]();
#endif
}
},
#if ASM_JS
functionPointers: new Array(RESERVED_FUNCTION_POINTERS),
#endif
addFunction: function(func) {
#if ASM_JS
for (var i = 0; i < Runtime.functionPointers.length; i++) {
if (!Runtime.functionPointers[i]) {
Runtime.functionPointers[i] = func;
return 2 + 2*i;
}
}
throw 'Finished up all reserved function pointers. Use a higher value for RESERVED_FUNCTION_POINTERS.';
#else
var table = FUNCTION_TABLE;
var ret = table.length;
table.push(func);
table.push(0);
return ret;
#endif
},
removeFunction: function(index) {
#if ASM_JS
Runtime.functionPointers[(index-2)/2] = null;
#else
var table = FUNCTION_TABLE;
table[index] = null;
#endif
},
warnOnce: function(text) {
if (!Runtime.warnOnce.shown) Runtime.warnOnce.shown = {};
if (!Runtime.warnOnce.shown[text]) {
Runtime.warnOnce.shown[text] = 1;
Module.printErr(text);
}
},
funcWrappers: {},
getFuncWrapper: function(func, sig) {
assert(sig);
if (!Runtime.funcWrappers[func]) {
Runtime.funcWrappers[func] = function() {
return Runtime.dynCall(sig, func, arguments);
};
}
return Runtime.funcWrappers[func];
},
// Returns a processor of UTF.
// processCChar() receives characters from a C-like UTF representation and returns JS string fragments.
// processJSString() receives a JS string and returns a C-like UTF representation in an array
UTF8Processor: function() {
var buffer = [];
var needed = 0;
this.processCChar = function (code) {
code = code & 0xff;
if (needed) {
buffer.push(code);
needed--;
}
if (buffer.length == 0) {
if (code < 128) return String.fromCharCode(code);
buffer.push(code);
if (code > 191 && code < 224) {
needed = 1;
} else {
needed = 2;
}
return '';
}
if (needed > 0) return '';
var c1 = buffer[0];
var c2 = buffer[1];
var c3 = buffer[2];
var ret;
if (c1 > 191 && c1 < 224) {
ret = String.fromCharCode(((c1 & 31) << 6) | (c2 & 63));
} else {
ret = String.fromCharCode(((c1 & 15) << 12) | ((c2 & 63) << 6) | (c3 & 63));
}
buffer.length = 0;
return ret;
}
this.processJSString = function(string) {
string = unescape(encodeURIComponent(string));
var ret = [];
for (var i = 0; i < string.length; i++) {
ret.push(string.charCodeAt(i));
}
return ret;
}
},
#if RUNTIME_DEBUG
debug: true, // Switch to false at runtime to disable logging at the right times
printObjectList: [],
prettyPrint: function(arg) {
if (typeof arg == 'undefined') return '!UNDEFINED!';
if (typeof arg == 'boolean') arg = arg + 0;
if (!arg) return arg;
var index = Runtime.printObjectList.indexOf(arg);
if (index >= 0) return '<' + arg + '|' + index + '>';
if (arg.toString() == '[object HTMLImageElement]') {
return arg + '\n\n';
}
if (arg.byteLength) {
return '{' + Array.prototype.slice.call(arg, 0, Math.min(arg.length, 400)) + '}'; // Useful for correct arrays, less so for compiled arrays, see the code below for that
var buf = new ArrayBuffer(32);
var i8buf = new Int8Array(buf);
var i16buf = new Int16Array(buf);
var f32buf = new Float32Array(buf);
switch(arg.toString()) {
case '[object Uint8Array]':
i8buf.set(arg.subarray(0, 32));
break;
case '[object Float32Array]':
f32buf.set(arg.subarray(0, 5));
break;
case '[object Uint16Array]':
i16buf.set(arg.subarray(0, 16));
break;
default:
alert('unknown array for debugging: ' + arg);
throw 'see alert';
}
var ret = '{' + arg.byteLength + ':\n';
var arr = Array.prototype.slice.call(i8buf);
ret += 'i8:' + arr.toString().replace(/,/g, ',') + '\n';
arr = Array.prototype.slice.call(f32buf, 0, 8);
ret += 'f32:' + arr.toString().replace(/,/g, ',') + '}';
return ret;
}
if (typeof arg == 'object') {
Runtime.printObjectList.push(arg);
return '<' + arg + '|' + (Runtime.printObjectList.length-1) + '>';
}
if (typeof arg == 'number') {
if (arg > 0) return '0x' + arg.toString(16) + ' (' + arg + ')';
}
return arg;
}
#endif
};
Runtime.stackAlloc = unInline('stackAlloc', ['size']);
Runtime.staticAlloc = unInline('staticAlloc', ['size']);
Runtime.dynamicAlloc = unInline('dynamicAlloc', ['size']);
Runtime.alignMemory = unInline('alignMemory', ['size', 'quantum']);
Runtime.makeBigInt = unInline('makeBigInt', ['low', 'high', 'unsigned']);
function getRuntime() {
var ret = 'var Runtime = {\n';
for (i in Runtime) {
var item = Runtime[i];
ret += ' ' + i + ': ';
if (typeof item === 'function') {
ret += item.toString();
} else {
ret += JSON.stringify(item);
}
ret += ',\n';
}
return ret + ' __dummy__: 0\n}\n';
}
// Additional runtime elements, that need preprocessing
// Converts a value we have as signed, into an unsigned value. For
// example, -1 in int32 would be a very large number as unsigned.
function unSign(value, bits, ignore, sig) {
if (value >= 0) {
return value;
}
#if CHECK_SIGNS
if (!ignore) throw 'UnSign';
#endif
return bits <= 32 ? 2*Math.abs(1 << (bits-1)) + value // Need some trickery, since if bits == 32, we are right at the limit of the bits JS uses in bitshifts
: Math.pow(2, bits) + value;
}
// Converts a value we have as unsigned, into a signed value. For
// example, 200 in a uint8 would be a negative number.
function reSign(value, bits, ignore, sig) {
if (value <= 0) {
return value;
}
var half = bits <= 32 ? Math.abs(1 << (bits-1)) // abs is needed if bits == 32
: Math.pow(2, bits-1);
#if CHECK_SIGNS
var noted = false;
#endif
if (value >= half && (bits <= 32 || value > half)) { // for huge values, we can hit the precision limit and always get true here. so don't do that
// but, in general there is no perfect solution here. With 64-bit ints, we get rounding and errors
// TODO: In i64 mode 1, resign the two parts separately and safely
#if CHECK_SIGNS
if (!ignore) throw 'ReSign';
#endif
value = -2*half + value; // Cannot bitshift half, as it may be at the limit of the bits JS uses in bitshifts
}
#if CHECK_SIGNS
// If this is a 32-bit value, then it should be corrected at this point. And,
// without CHECK_SIGNS, we would just do the |0 shortcut, so check that that
// would indeed give the exact same result.
if (bits === 32 && (value|0) !== value && typeof value !== 'boolean') {
if (!ignore) throw 'ReSign';
}
#endif
return value;
}
// The address globals begin at. Very low in memory, for code size and optimization opportunities.
// Above 0 is static memory, starting with globals.
// Then the stack.
// Then 'dynamic' memory for sbrk.
Runtime.GLOBAL_BASE = Runtime.alignMemory(1);
|
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Dr Havighurst is the Principal Researcher with a team of staff and students who are involved in the development, research and dissemination of a parenting program called Tuning in to Kids (TIK). TIK is one of the first evidence-based parenting programs that aims to change parent emotion socialisation practices, which includes how parents respond to emotions in themselves and their children, in order to improve children's emotional functioning and reduce or prevent adverse behavioural and mental health outcomes. The TIK team have evaluated TIK with community and clinical samples of preschool and primary school aged children and the program has also been extended to parents of toddlers, parents of adolescents and to fathers.
Dr Havighurst also provides teaching and supervision to clinicians (psychiatrists, psychologists and other allied health professionals) in child and adolescent mental health.
|
{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
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Biedenharn Opens a Page of the Great American Songbook
Published November 2, 2016 at 2:04 PM EDT
https://www.facebook.com/bmuseum
The Biedenharn Museum & Gardens is open Tues. - Sat. from 10am to 5pm. Adults $6 Students $4 .
The Biedenharn Museum and Gardens is hosting the Great American Songbook in concert Saturday, November 4th at 7 p.m. The concert will feature Cory Trahan, Lisa Lee Phifer, and Richard Seiler, a local trio of ten years.
This Saturday's concert will be held to honor Tommy Usrey's retirement as President of the Northeast Louisiana's Arts Council. The trio will be performing some of their favorite American classics from Broadway and jazz to pop repertoire.
The Biedenharn House was opened to the public by Emy-Lou Biedenharn, a traveling opera singer and daughter of Joe Biedenharn, the first bottler of coke. Executive director of the Biedenharn, Ralph Calhoun, says that, "in our founding documents it says very clearly she (Emy-Lou) wanted her home to be used for 'intimate musical occasions', and this event really is." Ralph believes that hosting the Great American Songbook is right in line with Emy-Lou's wishes.
Tickets for the event are on sale now. For more information call 318-387-5281.
Arts Biedenharn MuseumBroadwayRalph Calhounlive musichistorical sites
Biedenharn Museum Presents Moonlight In The Garden
Moonlight will feature the Northeast Louisiana Clarinet Choir and photography exhibit by local high school students. Biedenharn Museum and Gardens…
Christmas at the Biedenharn Sure to Delight
Jay Curtis
More than fifteen Christmas trees, hundreds of feet of garland, and thousands of lights make the Biedenharn Museum and Gardens a special place to visit…
Biedenharn Fountain Comes to Life
Kirby Rambin
The Biedenharn Museum and Gardens hosts a truly unique event June 17 and 18. The Living Fountain presentation is a live performance art piece returning to…
Sweeney Todd Debuts at ULM
The Visual and Performing Arts program at the University of Louisiana at Monroe's opening night of Sweeney Todd is Thursday October 28th at 7:30 P.M. The…
|
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Image Title: Ikea Room Divider Curtain Elegant Dividers With Regard To Wire Remodel 6. Filename: ikea-room-divider-curtain-elegant-dividers-with-regard-to-wire-remodel-6.jpg. Image Dimension: 897 x 642 pixels. Images Format: jpg/jpeg. Publisher/Author: Dedrick Mohr. Uploaded Date: Monday - May 21st. 2018 04:44:18 AM. Category: Architecture. Image Source: archdaily.com.
Tap The Thumbnail Bellow to See Related Gallery of "Ikea Room Divider Curtain Elegant Dividers With Regard To Wire Remodel 6"
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Transcription Monday (Amanuensis): Obituary of Mrs. Mary A. Gammon
Portland Press Herald, [Maine] November 26, 1931, page 2
Gammons Funeral Friday
Westbrook, Nov. 25 - Funeral services for Mrs. Mary A. Gammon, widow of Charles Gammon, who died today on her 82nd birthday at her Rochester Street home, will be held at 1 o'clock Friday afternoon at the residence.
Mrs. Gammon was born at Bangor, the daughter of the late Thomas and Mary Stack. She went to Scarboro to make her home after her marriage to Mr. Gammon in 1867. She also lived at Raymond, Gorham and Oxford. She came to Westbrook from the latter town in 1920 following the death of her husband. She was a member of the Warren Congregational Church of this city and a charter member of the Larry Relief Corps of South Windham.
She is survived by three sons, Clyde E. Gammon of Rumford, Philip H. Gammon of Westbrook and Walter E. Gammon of Portland; four daughters Mrs. Henry Chaplin of Oxford, Mrs. M.S. Whitacker of Lynn, Mass., and Mrs. Winnifred G. James and Miss Ethylle M. Gammon of Westbrook; 14 grandchildren and nine great grandchildren. Internment will be in the family lot in the Oxford Cemetery.
Notes: It was Thomas and Abbie Stack (not Mary) and she was born in St. John, New Brunswick not Bangor. Don't believe everything you read!
Aug 16, 2010 9:30:00 AM | Newspaper Obituaries, Transcriptions
More on the Angel Gabriel I finally looked at the freeman list for March 3, 1635/6 on which John Cogswell appears. I wanted to see who else from Ipswich was made a freeman that day, because I would tend to think that person was also a passenger on the Angel Gabriel. 49 men are on the list. Of those 26 came on other ships, mostly on the Defense. Nicholas Jacob of Hingham arrived in 1633 and cannot have been on the Angel Gabriel. I used the Great Migration series as my major source and the names past the letter S aren't done yet. I could...
The Ancestry of Anne Eure - Generation Eight, Part II At this point, the numbers per generation rapidly increase. I will be giving just short information on couples found in this reliable secondary source: Magna Carta Ancestors: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families by Douglas Richardson (Baltimore, Md.: Genealogical Publishing Co., 2005) [abbreviated as MCA]. This work and Richardson's accompanying work on Plantagenet Ancestry are being re-published this year, but have been delayed thus far. To see previous generations, please go to the categories listing on the right and click on medieval genealogy. 194. Sir Robert CONYERS, born ca. 1325, died before Nov. 1390. This is his second wife....
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Home Sport What Is The Most Popular Sport In Cuba latest 2023
What Is The Most Popular Sport In Cuba latest 2023
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You are searching about What Is The Most Popular Sport In Cuba, today we will share with you article about What Is The Most Popular Sport In Cuba was compiled and edited by our team from many sources on the internet. Hope this article on the topic What Is The Most Popular Sport In Cuba is useful to you.
How to Enjoy a Baseball Game in Cuba
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Are you a sports fan? Then you should book a bed and breakfast in Cuba with us and enjoy a baseball game in Cuba. It's a great way to experience the culture of the island up close, beyond the tourist traps.
How to enjoy a baseball game in Cuba?
Everyone in Cuba talks about baseball and plays "pelota" whenever they can. It's normal to see children playing in the street. If your children accompany you on the trip, they can also be included in the game.
Baseball is the national sport and Cubans live it with passion. To make the most of your cultural exchange, you can't miss going to see a match. Yes, there are a lot of tourist attractions, but we invite you to rest, buy a ticket – they are really cheap – and sit with the fans to cheer on their team.
To attend a baseball game in Cuba, you must travel between November and April. The regular season runs through these months. After these, they play 3 rounds of playoffs, culminating in a championship.
But it's easier to find regular season tickets, they won't sell out. Tickets are cheap, they cost between 3 and 5 CUC. And you can sit wherever you want.
There are 16 professional baseball teams in Cuba, so you can check the schedule and stadiums to catch the game of your choice. But the most famous team plays in Havana, los Industriales. Moreover, Santiago de Cuba is very famous.
Inside the stadium you will see vendors all around. They sell coffee, peanuts, peanut butter bars, popcorn and many other items. They also cannot sell alcohol.
Cubans will be friendly with you during the game. They will come and tell you about the game and they will treat you like an old friend. It's normal that they act this way, you've probably also experienced this outside the stadium
In Havana, you must visit the Estadio Latinoamericano. Some other stadiums around Cuba are Capitán San Luis, Cristóbal Labra, Santiago "Changa" Mederos, Augusto César Sandino, and José Ramón Cepero, among others.
Some facts about baseball in Cuba
Here are some details about baseball in Cuba:
Baseball is the main sport on the island and is called "la pelota" (the ball).
The Havana Baseball Club was the first baseball team founded in Cuba, around 1868.
The Cuban Professional Baseball League was founded in 1978.
16 teams play in the Cuban league. They are organized into a Western League and an Eastern League.
Los Industriales, representing Havana, is the team with the most titles. 12 in total.
The Estadio Latinoamericano, headquarters of Los Industriales, is the most important on the island. It has a capacity of 55,000 spectators.
Not all Cuban baseball rules are the same as Major League Baseball (MLB). On the island, if one of the teams loses by 10 points or more, the game ends. This is called the rule of mercy.
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The goal was to refurbish and reconstruct Al Nawaseeb Road so as to improve access and safety on the roads: The Nawaseeb Road corridor is upgraded to provide free flow traffic by eliminating all existing U-turns and changing them to new roundabouts at all the interchanges.
Infrastructural projects in Kuwait are still the focus of local government-backed investments. In order to improve connectivity, regional and global projects in the infra sector are viewed as a state priority. A huge number of major infrastructural and transportation projects are connected to the Kuwait Development Plan 2015-2020. One of such projects is the refurbishment of the Nawaseeb Road, which is seeing re-construction of 45 km of the six-lane dual carriageway (three in each direction), with a provision for space for future upgrade/expansion with the addition of one lane in each direction.
The goal was to improve access and safety on the roads; therefore, the Nawaseeb Road corridor is upgraded to provide free flow of traffic by eliminating all existing U-turns and making roundabouts instead at all interchanges. This includes 18 elevated three-lane bridges and one elevated two-lane vehicular flyover, all of which comprise 13 km of motorway on reinforced earth ramps and retaining walls. 4 elevated Camel Crossings with 3 km of roadways on reinforced earth ramps and associated retaining walls, complete the project.
8 bridges out of 9 are designed using precast concrete T-beams manufactured at a special production site alongside the road and not far from the construction sites. The ninth bridge is a combination of precast concrete T-beams and cast in-situ box girders. The precast elements are produced by Arab Contractors, a leading construction company in the Middle East and Africa, and an expert in a widely diversified field within the construction industry. Its projects include public buildings, bridges, roads, tunnels, airports, housing, water & sewage projects, wastewater treatment plants, power stations, dams, hospitals, sports buildings, restoration of monuments, irrigation, producing ready-mix concrete, shipbuilding, electro-mechanical projects, engineering consultancy, manufacturing and assembly of steel structures.
9 of the bridges are constructed with precast concrete elements, which are produced on a local precast yard by using of moulds from Tecnocom.
For the Nawaseeb project, Arab Contractors invested in moulds for bridge girders from Tecnocom, Italy, a specialist for precast concrete element moulds and part of the Progress Group, which is a leader in precast technology. With a total of 8 moulds, several elements are produced simultaneously: in 4 moulds girders, lengths of 40.5 meters are produced, while the other 4 moulds produce elements which have a length of 44.5 m; so 8 post-tensioned elements can be produced daily.
The precast element production site placed nearly half way from the two furthest construction sites, has the advantage of transporting the elements easily to the respective locations for their installation. For the 9 bridges, a total of 820 girders have to be produced.
The moulds can produce elements with lengths ranging from 40 – 45.5 m, and can be adjusted to the required size.
The bridges are designed with one additional lane, separated by barriers. This technical detail will allow converting bridges from three to four lane structures, which will enable future widening of the motorway without additional structural works on the bridge. Building the bridges with precast concrete elements enables very quick installation. As they are reinforced and post-tensioned, they offer great resistance to heavy loads, and the amount of concrete required is reduced.
The elements are produced post-tensioned. 8 elements can be produced daily. For all bridges a total of 820 girders are required.
The precast element production site was planned and built in partitions for a smooth production process. In the first area, the rebar cages with post-tensioning ducts and strands are produced and the cages are placed into the moulds. At a next step, after the cages are inside the mould, the casting of the concrete into the T-beam shaped forms take place with an initial post-tensioning. As the moulds made by Tecnocom are built in a modular way, each mould can be adjusted to produce the required length of the elements. They are also designed to be opened and closed hydraulically at the lateral shutters to increase productivity, and reducing the time drastically for these operations. The finished elements are then placed on u-chairs; the final post-tensioning takes place, and the ducts are grouted. The elements are then stored before they are loaded and transported to the respective construction sites to be mounted at the respective bridges.
Due to the convenient location of the production site, transport time has minimized as the elements are moved within a radius of 20 km only. The whole project was started in 2017 and construction of the bridges, camel crossings and associated mechanically stabilized earth retaining walls will be carried out from February 2018 to April 2020.
El-Moataz Bellah, Project Engineer at The Arab Contractors, says: "The cooperation with Tecnocom has worked very well as they have been a great partner in this project, and have supported us with their knowledge in building moulds for high efficiency production."
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This calculator will calculate the various properties of a tube, also called a pipe or hollow cylinder, given 3 know values from variables of radii, circumference, wall thickness and height. A geometric solid tube is generally a cylinder with an end profile represented by an annulus.
* Units: Note that units are shown for convenience but do not affect the calculations. The units are in place to give an indication of the order of the results such as ft, ft2 or ft3. For example, if you are starting with mm and you know r and h in mm, your calculations will result with C in mm, V in mm3, L in mm2, and A in mm2.
Below are the standard formulas for a tube. Calculations are based on algebraic manipulation of these standard formulas.
A = A1 - A2 for the area of the solid cross section of the tube, the end.
V = V1 - V2 for the volume of the solid, the tube.
Furey, Edward "Tube Calculator"; from https://www.calculatorsoup.com - Online Calculator Resource.
|
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Sometimes it's nice to sit back and enjoy a big plate of hearty food and not worry about the calories.
Irma's Burger Shack, located in Midtown at 1120 Classen Drive, has great food for a full meal without breaking the bank.
If you go with a big appetite, the "What U Lookin' @" platter might be exactly what you need.
The plate overflows with a breakfast food lover's dream: a sandwich piled with fried eggs, hot links, bacon, pepper jack, swiss, hot ham and Oklahoma's own "No Name Beef" all in between buttery, toasted bread.
It's definitely a mouthful, but at a price of $15.95, the full meal is well worth the money.
While it's sure to fill the appetite of a mighty hungry eater, it's also a great dish to split with others.
Now, if you're just looking for a mouth-watering, tasty burger that isn't so overwhelming, the restaurant's simple "Irma Burger" is a yummy way to satisfy your cravings without going overboard.
At $4.95, this burger, paired with some fries or hand-breaded onion rings is the perfect way to grab a quick, tasty meal.
The best feature of the restaurant, I do have to say, is their buttermilk pie.
If you've never had buttermilk pie, you're sort of missing out. If you've never had a buttermilk pie from Irma's, you're really missing out.
Every bite is just as delicious as the last, the crust is perfect, and while $3 for one slice is a little pricey, it is definitely worth your while.
Buying a whole buttermilk pie for $10 is definitely a better deal and you'll get to enjoy it at home too.
If you're looking for a pie to bring to Thanksgiving dinner, everyone will thank you for bringing them a yummy Irma's buttermilk pie.
Along with these delicious treats, Irma's also offers Frito chili pie, chicken fried steak, hot dogs, salads and more.
Not only is the food great, but I've received good service when I've been there as well.
Irma's Burger Shack is a great, affordable place for yummy American food.
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/ Events / Schedule of NRHA Events
NRHA Events
Each year NRHA hosts several educational events across the country to serve all member interests and offer opportunities to network with colleagues, NRHA staff, vetted NRHA partners, and event sponsors.
For more information and to register, contact NRHA's registration team.
33rd Rural Health Policy Institute
Feb. 8-10, 2022
A virtual event
May 10, 2022 in Albuquerque, N.M.
Albuquerque Convention Center
May 10-13, 2022 in Albuquerque, N.M.
Sept. 20-21, 2022 in Kansas City, Mo.
Sheraton Kansas City Hotel at Crown Center
34th Rural Health Policy Institute
Feb. 7-9, 2023 in Washington, D.C.
Hilton Washington D.C. National Mall
May 16, 2023 in San Diego, Calif.
May 16-19, 2023 in San Diego, Calif.
21st Rural Health Clinic Conference
22nd Critical Access Hospital Conference
May 6, 2024 in New Orleans, La.
Sheraton New Orleans Hotel
May 6-10, 2024 in New Orleans, La.
22nd Rural Health Clinic Conference
23rd Critical Access Hospital Conference
|
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The Supreme Court on Monday issued notice to Centre, state governments and Union Territories on a PIL seeking directions to make sports a part of the Fundamental Rights as well as promotion of sports education in the country.
A bench of Justice S.A. Bobde and Justice L. Nageswara Rao sought response within four weeks on the Public Interest Litigation field by a law student.
Kanishka Pandey approached the top court seeking direction to the government "not to make any discrimination between the education and sports" and to treat sports as part and parcel of sports curriculum.
Advocate Rajeev Dubey, counsel appearing for Pandey, contended that the government and various stakeholders evolve a sporting culture in the country.
The government has to strive for promotion of sports education, sports values and sports culture as part of education, Dubey said.
"Sports should be included in the curriculum from nursery to secondary level and education with sports subject should be imparted to the child from the very beginning of education. Children's talent and sports aptitude should be tested from the elementary school days itself so that the talent of a child can be improved and developed through training and education," said the PIL.
There should be a compulsory provision for sports in the school budget which should be utilised for sports activity only. Also, there should be one post of sports secretary in students unions, it added.
"Issue direction to constitute a high level committee of parliamentarians, academicians and sports persons to make appropriate suggestions to amendment in the Constitution of India to include sports as a Fundamental Right in Part III, especially in Article 21A of the Constitution of India," stated the plea.
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Raul Valdivia Pizarro
Torbjon Bjorlund
To the Chilean compatriots, to the nerudian friends of the world, I am directing this, my patriotic protest.
Winiped, Part 1
Neruda and the Andalusian poets
Neruda had a very close relationship with the Andalusian poets, especially with Federico Garcia Lorca, Rafael Alberti, Manuel Altolaguirre, Alexandre, Pedro Garfias, Luis Cernuda among others, is the "Generation of '27".
Pablo Neruda In 1933, Neruda was appointed consul of Chile in Buenos Aires, where he arrived in August. There he met Federico Garcia Lorca that in those days the capital came to Argentina to lead and release his theatrical tragedy "Blood Wedding". They became close friends and together they were feted by the Argentine poets.
Neruda recalls in his memoirs a curious episode in which both recited in front of a hundred Argentine poets, a poem dedicated to tandem as Rubén Darío, involving both poets pronouncing each alternately the verses of the poem.
According to what you said García Lorca, bullfighting in tandem is called in when two bullfighters bullfighting art torean the same animal simultaneously with the cape. Which is very risky, the exact coordination required between the bullfighters.
Once Neruda and García Lorca with other poets were invited to dinner at the mansion of a millionaire Argentine newspaper magnate. After the sumptuous meal, the two poets accompanied by a tall blond poet came to tour the park surrounding the house, and got into a white tower rising into the stars near the pool.
At the top of the tower intoxicated by the glow of the starry sky, Neruda embraced and passionately kissed the beautiful poet, then falling to the floor where both gave way to his burning passion. Meanwhile, Garcia Lorca surprised by the ardor of the meeting had been sent by Neruda scale block so nobody could interrupt, which conducted the Andalusian poet cheerfully.
The friendship with Lorca Neruda is in Buenos Aires was very close. Made frequent meetings with Argentine poets. The meetings highlighted García Lorca with joy, laughter, songs and dances. García Lorca enjoyed playing the piano with his friends.
A few months later, in early 1934, Neruda was sent to Barcelona and then Madrid as consul of Chile.
In Madrid, Neruda knows all the countless friends of Garcia Lorca and Rafael Alberti, being a few days one more of them. Neruda was differences between Spanish and Latin American poets. Was more fraternal and joyful to the Spanish. A Latin Americans found them more universal, tucked into other cultures and languages.
In Madrid, Neruda lived in the "House of Flowers" in the district of Arguelles, a symbol of the architectural avant-garde of the 30s. It was the center of the gatherings that organized the Chilean poet with his friends in Spain.
The "House of Flowers" occupies an entire city block, its balconies hanging geraniums, hence its name. It is a seven-story building.
Neruda lived on the fifth floor of that building. He liked to get his friends on the balcony of the apartment where he had placed a table and chairs where many shared wine, cheese, ham and pleasant evenings with friends Andalusian García Lorca, Alberti, Manuel Altolaguirre, Antonio Aparicio, Jose Caballero and numerous others.
Another meeting center Andalusian Neruda and his friends in Madrid, it is home made by the Chilean diplomat Carlos Morla Lynch and his wife Baby Vicuña, great friends for many years García Lorca and Alberti. The guys were Morla the Chilean painter Roberto Matta. Notably, even García Lorca spent several of his poems to family members Morla Vicuña.
Also at that time Neruda, Garcia Lorca and Alberti among others, were frequent visitors to the apartment that the legendary painter and businessman Fernando Gerassi was next to the bullring in Madrid.
Neruda meets daily with poets García Lorca, Rafael Alberti, Manolo Altolaguirre, Bergamin, Alexaindre Vicente, Miguel Hernandez, Luis Cernuda, and many others. The famous Andalusian painter Jose Caballero was among a group of friends Neruda. In his Memoirs, Neruda refers to the latter as "painter of dazzling talent and grace." They were noisy groups going out to eat, drink and sing, and then meet in the "House of Flowers". Neruda receives at home to Antonio Aparicio arriving directly from Andalusia.
Manuel Altolaguirre, poet born in Malaga, who enjoyed a printer who had arrived one day at Neruda's house and gives the address of a beautiful poetry magazine that wanted to edit. Neruda had founded in 1925 the journal "Knight of Wands" in Chile. His experience in the field and happily accepts the offer. Thus was born "The Green Knight," which are published five issues of great beauty.
The sixth issue of "Green Horse" left unprinted, was to appear on July 19, 1936. That day begins the fratricidal war in Spain.
A Neruda seduced the great metaphorical power of García Lorca and everything that interested him the great Andalusian poet wrote. Sometimes, he would ask me to read Neruda poems and half his last reading, García Lorca interrupted him shouting "Do not go, do not go, influences me."
Neruda and García Lorca spend much time together in Madrid reunited with their friends, either in the House of Flowers of Neruda, in the house of Carlos Morla, diplomat and Chilean writer or Gerassi Fernando's apartment, next to the square of bulls. The cheering meetings with overactive imagination were García Lorca and Chilean composer Acario Cotapos. García Lorca played piano and sang.
Neruda also frequently attended performances of Teatro La Barraca, led by Garcia Lorca. Attend Fuenteovejuna staging.
García Lorca decides to travel to Granada in the Civil War. His friends in Madrid indicate that would be safer. Finally, in an emergency could take refuge in the Chilean embassy in Madrid.
García Lorca ignores the advice of his Chilean friends. He decides to travel to Granada. A few days later, is captured by the nationalist and executed August 19, 1936.
Death of Garcia Lorca in Granada, strongly impacts Neruda. Which says in his memoirs:
"Federico Garcia Lorca was not shot, was killed. Naturally no one would think that they would kill him sometime. Of all the poets of Spain was the most loved, the most loved and the most childlike for their wonderful joy. Who could believe that he had on earth, and upon their land, monsters capable of a crime so inexplicable? "
The civil war began to tilt in favor of Franco. In the old monastery of Monserrat, near Gerona, near the eastern battlefront, operated a printing press dating from early 1499. The circumstantial publisher of print, used by the Republican Army of the East, was the poet Manuel Altolaguirre.
There was printed, in rare form, the book "Spain in the Heart" of Neruda. It was printed by the soldiers, on paper that was manufactured in an abandoned mill to make paper, in the village of Orpi, from a range of exotic materials, genres, broken flags, etc., Because in the face of War was no longer possible to find the right paper for printing books. Printers and paper manufacturers were named Republican Army militiamen East.
Although the materials used and the lack of experience of the printers, the book was very good.
A copy of this rare edition is on display in Washington, at the Library of Congress as one of those rare books that has been published in the recent time.
Shortly after finishing the book, precipitated the defeat of the Republic. Hundreds of thousands of fugitives, men women and children filled the crossings fleeing Spain. The columns were constantly bombarded by Franco aviation. In France treated cruelly defeated asilándolos in concentration camps.
Given the strong commitment of the defeated Republic Neruda, the Chilean government removes it from the consular office. Neruda is lost and decides to travel to Paris with his wife.
Neruda and his wife, Delia del Carril, rent an apartment on the Quai de l'Horloge where they live with Rafael Alberti, the great Andalusian poet of Puerto de Santa María, María Teresa León accompanied by his wife.
With Picasso and Neruda, Alberti and his wife, Maria Teresa Leon, can serve as announcers on Radio Mondiale Paris in a program that was broadcast in Spanish for Latin.
Alberti was stupefied by the "strange behavior" of Neruda. Like that crazy interest to seek wines from Chile, France, the birthplace of fine wines. Neruda wines missed his distant southern country. He walked for blocks through the streets of Paris, looking for Chilean wines.
He also collected unusual things like the time walking with Alberti, through the streets of Paris, fell in love with a big iron key decorating a shoe. For several days he insisted the owner of the shoe store to buy the big key, until the got and had to bring a mason to detach it from the wall. Neruda collected the most amazing things.
After a year of exile in Paris, Alberti and his wife are shipped to Argentina. Project then settle in Chile with his great friend Neruda. However, Neruda was appointed consul of Chile in Mexico and desist Alberti traveling to Chile, Argentina 24 years remaining.
In 1946, Alberti travels to Chile to meet Neruda. What accompanies Isla Negra, beautiful and peaceful spa, on the Chilean coast near Santiago de Chile. Neruda and his wife Delia del Carril began to build the house in Isla Negra. The building "line by line", as I said, with what he earned with his books of poetry.
Neruda travels to southern Chile with Alberti. Near the southern city of Osorno, Chile travel the huge forests that Neruda has recorded in his spirit and his poetry.
They walk among pristine waterfalls, trees and large shrubs. Alberti marveled at the beauty and variety of the Chilean landscape in that area.
In Southern Chile there larch forests, giant trees that can reach over a thousand years old and between volcanoes and beautiful lakes.
There are also beautiful Araucaria forests, which spent more than a Neruda poem.
Years later, in Rome, Alberti Neruda remembered that trip and the beauty and energy emanating from the ancient forests of southern Chile.
On Alberti, his great friend, Neruda wrote:
"For those who have the good fortune to speak and understand the language
Castile. Rafael Alberti means the splendor of poetry
in the Spanish language. Not only is a born poet but a
wise in the way. His poetry is like a rose
Red miraculously bloomed in winter
a flake of snow Góngora, a root of Jorge Manrique,
a petal of Garcilaso, an aroma of Gustavo mourning
Adolfo Becquer. That is, in its crystal glass
confuse the essential songs of Spain "
Neruda was a close friend of Alberti, even in Spain gave the bitch Niebla, who accompanied the Andalusian poet during the civil war "as the best soldier, hungry and the same hardships of the soldiers" as recognized by Alberti.
In 1965, Alberti was living in Rome and travels to Moscow to receive the Lenin Peace Prize. On that occasion, among others, is his friend Pablo Neruda, who recites his poem "Canto General" in tribute to Alberti.
Another great Andalusian Sevillian poet and close friend of Neruda was Vicente Alexandre, who received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1977.
No one better than the same Neruda to describe her relationship with Alexandre, as a diplomat from Chile in Madrid. Says the Chilean poet Vicente Alexandre:
"In a neighborhood full of flowers all, between the nascent and Cuatro Caminos University City street Wellingtonia, Vicente Alexandre lives."
"It's big, blond and pink. He's sick for years. Never leaves home. Lives almost motionless. "
"His deep and wonderful poetry is the revelation of a world dominated by mysterious forces. It is the most secret poet of Spain, the splendor of his verse submerged perhaps what about our Rosamel Valley. "
"Every week I wait, on any given day, for him, in his solitude, is a party. We do not talk but poetry. Alexandre can not go to the movies. He knows nothing about politics. "
"Of all my friends separated by infinitely pure quality of their friendship. In your home insulated enclosure poetry and transparency acquire a sacred life. "
"I took the life of Madrid, the old poets that I discover in the endless libraries Atocha, my travels in markets where huge stalks celery extract strokes Manchego cheese or oil smeared Levantine. Is passionate about my long walks, you can not accompany him on Cava Baja Street, a street close ropers coopers and fresh, all golden for wood and string. "
"Or read length to Pedro de Espinosa, Soto de Rojas, Villamediana. We were looking at them the magical elements and materials that make Spanish poetry, at a time courtesan, a persistent current and vital clarity and mystery. "
A great Andalusian poet, Neruda was a friend of Luis Cernuda, Seville.
In 1936, on the occasion of the publication of his book "The Reality and Desire", was organized a tribute to Luis Cernuda in a street restaurant Madrid keypads. A vintage photograph, friendship takes a scene: the white tablecloth, wine bottles, glass cups and poet Luis Cernuda surrounded by Vicente Aleixandre, Federico Garcia Lorca, Pedro Salinas, Rafael Alberti, Pablo Neruda, Miguel Hernandez, Jose Bergamin, Manuel Altolaguirre, Maria Teresa Leon and Concha Méndez.
When Garfias had to go into exile to Mexico parted talking, drinking and crying because they had become good friends. Knowing this history Garfias Neruda asked why he thought he had. Garfias replied, "I never understood a word, Paul, but when I listened, I always had the feeling, the certainty of understanding. And when I spoke, I was sure he understood me. "
On that occasion García Lorca in this form relates to the work of Cernuda and his friends:
"Among all the voices of the current poetry Aleixandre flame and death, immense wing Alberti, sweet lily in Moreno Villa, Pablo Neruda Andean stream, domestic voice endearing in Salinas, dark water cave in Guillen, tenderness and tears in Altolaguirre, to name different poets, Luis Cernuda's voice sounds straight original, without fences or ditches to defend his disturbing sincerity and beauty. "
Andaluz and poet, a friend of Neruda, was Pedro Garfias. Actually, Garfias born in Salamanca, but was formed in Andalusia and Andalusia adored. The "young Osuna Seville" Rafael Alberti called him. Garfias was formed in Andalusia where he took the world view of the landscape and the "emotional burden" that criticized Guillermo de la Torre.
In exile the Andalusian poet lived in a house of a lord, in the English town of Eaton Hastings. Garfias, as good Andalusian, was bored in the castle and went solo at night drinking at the nearby tavern. The bartender did not speak Castilian and Garfias not speak English. But they became close friends and drank together. They told each other their favorite stories and while one spoke and gestured the other listened attentively, but without understanding anything, of course.
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EverCam is a new security camera introduced by an Anker-owned smart home brand, Eufy. The product is an HD recording device which is water resistant, this device need not be mounted with screws because it is wireless.
You can stick the device with the help of metal surface via built-in magnets. It can be used upto 365 days with one time charge. The device includes 16GB microSD card and is protected by AES 128-bit encryption, the recorded footage can be viewed only when the card is plugged into the based station.
You can access 12 months footage at normal usage. The device will have sirens and the camera can be moved without being disarmed. You can get live feeds directly from Eufy mobile app which will also help manage the camera's artificial intelligence features and when it frequently records videos it will be able to distinguish between people and pets; you can set camera however you want either it can be to record continuously or under certain parameters.
The product launched on Kickstarter, Eufy says on its Kickstarter page that the one-year battery life estimation and 16GB storage limit is based on "10 motion detections a day and 30 seconds recording each time." The company plans to sell larger micro SD cards, up to 128GB in size.
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Datememe is the furthest reaching dating site for meeting russian girls with more chats than craigslist. Register today and begin your journey to a better life. You can be sure that datememe will be worth your while. Everybody has special dating preferences. Take the intimidation out of dating and let datememe to make it easy for you! Find a a potential partner on datememe today! How is datememe different than other sites like ayi? datememe gives you the most control over your individual dating experience. What we may want changes over time. Simply change your profile and rest assured you will find exactly what you are seeking at the exact right time for you.
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According to ExpertRecall.com, food recalls in the United States increased 57 percent in the third quarter of 2012. On average, four recalls were issued a day.
Between July, August and September 2012, there were 414 separate incidences, with more than one event coming from almost 25% of the companies that had a recall. Over half of the recalls in third quarter were classified as Class I recalls, which means that the there is a reasonable probability that use of these products will cause serious adverse health consequences or death.
Most of the recalls involved foodborne illness such as Salmonella and Listeria. Salmonella was the pathogen that was responsible for the most recalls. Some other reasons for the recalls included lack of key ingredients, foreign materials and Staphylococcus aureus concerns.
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Earthworm Express
Unusual and untold stories from the world of food science, from the present and ages past.
About Nitrite
Advertising and Marketing Matters
Anatomy of the pig
Artisan Meat – Practiced from the beginning of time!
Artisan Bacon Flavours and great concepts – research notes
Bacon/ Ham, Sausage Recipe Evaluation
Basics of Dry Curing
Beef Heart Pastrami
Bobotie – its origins
Christmas Gammon ala Robert and Jaques
Concerning the Aging of Beef
Dry Cured / Cold Smoked Bacon
Ducks and Stuphins – Sausage Makers and their OXFORD SAUSAGES
Greg's Ham
How to Cook a Gammon / Ham
Robert Goodrick's Pastrami/Pastrama
Salumi – from the leg and some salami's
The Unknown Cook Book (of Steve Berman)
The Unknown Cook Book (of Steve Berman): Liver Sausage
The Unknown Cook Book (of Steve Berman): Pudding Scotch to Saleicca, Napoli – including Salami
Westphalian Hams and Bacon Recipes
Yunnan Xuanwei Ham (宣威火腿/xuān wēi huó tuǐ)
Ask Dr Mellett
How did T-Rex Classify Its food?
The Naming or Classification of Meat, Meat Hybrids and Meat Substitutes
Background studies to Bacon & the Art of Living
Bacon & the Art of Living
Chapter 01: Once upon a time in Africa
Chapter 02: Dry Cured Bacon
Chapter 03: Kolbroek
Chapter 04: The Shambles
Chapter 05: Seeds of War
Chapter 06: Drums of Despair
Chapter 07: The Greatest Adventure
Chapter 08: Woodys Bacon
Chapter 09.00: The Denmark Letters
Chapter 09.01 – Mild Cured Bacon
Chapter 09.02 – The Danish Cooperative and Saltpeter
Chapter 09.03 Minette's Chemistry Revision and other adventures
Chapter 09.04 The Saltpeter Letter
Chapter 09.05 The Polenski Letter
Chapter 09.06 From the Sea to Turpan
Chapter 09.07 Lauren Learns the Nitrogen Cycle
Chapter 09.08 Von Liebig and the Theory of Proteins of Gerard Mulder.
Chapter 09.09 David Graaff's Armour – A Tale of Two Legends
Chapter 10.00: The UK letters
Chapter 10.01: Lord Lansdowne
Chapter 10.02.01: Sweet Cured Harris Bacon
Chapter 10.02.02: Robert Henderson and the Invention of the Smokehouse
Chapter 10.03: American Ice Houses for England: Year-Round Curing
Chapter 10.04: Ice Cold in Africa
Chapter 10.05: Ice Cold Revolution
Chapter 10.06.00: Harris Bacon – From Pale Dried to Tank Curing!
Chapter 10.06.01 Oake Woods & Co., Ltd., Rapid – and Auto Cured Bacon
Chapter 10.07: John Harris Reciprocates!
Chapter 10.08: Irish Animosity
Chapter 10.09: The Wiltshire Cut
Chapter 10.10: Engaged to be Married
Chapter 10.11: The Salt of the Earth
Chapter 10.12: The Salt of the Land and the Sea
Chapter 10.13: The Salt of Meat
Chapter 10.14 Dublin and the Injection of Meat
Chapter 10.15 The English Pig with links to the Kolbroek and Kunekune
Chapter 11.00: Letters from New Zealand
Chapter 11.01: Our Manuka Bay Wedding!
Chapter 11.02: Oake Woods & Co Ltd in New Zealand and Other Amazing Tales
Additional Information on Oake Woods
Chapter 11.03: The Jewish Master Curer and the Prince of Ireland
Chapter 11.04: Wiltshire Cured or Tank Cured Bacon
Chapter 12.00: The Union Letters
Chapter 12.01: The Fathers of Meat Curing
Chapter 12.02: Fresh Meat Colour vs Cooked Cured Colour
Chapter 12.03: The Direct Addition of Nitrites to Curing Brines – the Master Butcher from Prague
Chapter 12.04: The Direct Addition of Nitrites to Curing Brines – The Spoils of War
Chapter 12.05: The Preserving Power of Nitrite
Chapter 12.06: Regulations of Nitrate and Nitrite post-1920's: the problem of residual nitrite
Chapter 12.07: The Ascorbate-Letter
Chapter 12.08: The Erythorbate Letter
Chapter 12.09: The Curing Reaction
Chapter 12.10: Meat Curing – A Review
Chapter 12.11: The Quilliam Family and the Early Days of Pig Breeding in South Africa
Chapter 13.00: The Best Bacon on Earth
Chapter 13.01.1: The Castlemaine Bacon Company
Chapter 13.01.2: The Life and Times of Jan Kok
Chapter 13.01.3: The Art of Living: Sketches to Understand Ourselves and Others
Chapter 13.02: Eskort Ltd.
Chapter 13.03: On Innovation and Creativity
Chapter 13.04: Finally – nitrate, nitrite, nitric oxide as valuable molecules and the triumph of nature over foolish strawman positions
Chapter 14.00: Woody's Photos
Chapter 15.00: Tristan Photos
Chapter 16.00: Lauren Photos
Chapter 17.00: Family Photos
Chapter 18: Roy Oliver
Chapter 19: The Boers (Our Lives and Wars)
Chapter 20: Appendix A – JW Kok War Diary
Chapter 21: Appendix B – Johannes Willem Kok War Diary
Chapter 22: Appendix C – Short Autobiography: Johannes Willem Kok
Best Bacon and Rib System on Earth
Curing Brine and Microbial Transglutaminase (MTG) – designing the optimal blend
Factors Affecting Colour Development and Binding in a Restructuring System Based on Transglutaminase
Meat-on-Meat Bacon and Ham: Injection for Profit and Tastee
Microbial Transglutaminase System: Applications and Clever Ideas
Reconstructed Ribs
Restructuring of whole muscle meat with Microbial Transglutaminase – a holistic and collaborative approach.
TG Options and Processes
The Rib Project
Big Yellow Bacon Man
Counting Nitrogen Atoms – The History of Determining Total Meat Content
Counting Nitrogen Atoms – Part 1: From the start of the Chemical Revolution to Boussingault
Counting Nitrogen Atoms – Part 2: Von Liebig and Gerard Mulder's theory of proteins
Counting Nitrogen Atoms – Part 3: Understanding of Protein Metabolism Coming of Age
Counting Nitrogen Atoms – Part 4: The Background of the History of Nutrition
Counting Nitrogen Atoms – Part 5: The Proximate Analysis, Kjeldahl and Jones (6.25)
Counting Nitrogen Atoms – Part 6: The Codex
Counting Nitrogen Atoms – Part 7: Connective Tissues and Gelatin
Counting Nitrogen Atoms – Part 8.1: A Basic Introduction to Lipid Chemistry and the History of the Recognition of the Role of Lipids in Nutrition
Drinks, Soup, Stock: Bovril
Eben's Consumer Product Reviews
Denny's Beef Style Mince vs. Frey's Veggie Mince
Honey – the magical super-food
Honey – powerful preserving and healing power (Fascinating Insights from Arabia)
Honey in cured meat formulations
Joshua Penny and Khoikhoi Fermentation Technology at the Cape of Good Hope
Kolbroek and the Kune Kune
In Search of the Origins of the Kolbroek
Kolbroek – Chinese, New Zealand, and English Connections
The Old and the New Pig Breeds
Legendary Food Mavericks
A Most Remarkable Tale: The Story of Eskort
Eskort and Enterprise: Echoes in the first Union of South Africa cabinet
John William Moor
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The Master Butcher from Prague, Ladislav NACHMÜLLNER
1. Eva's Beloved Dad
2. Concerning Ladislav NACHMÜLLNER and the invention of the blend that became known as Prague Salt
3. Ladislav NACHMÜLLNER vs The Griffith Laboratories
4. The Life and Times of Ladislav NACHMÜLLNER – The Codex Alimentarius Austriacus
The Meat Factory
The Prehistory of Food
01. How did Ancient Humans Preserve Food?
02. An Introduction to the Total Work on Salt, Saltpeter and Sal Ammoniac – Salt before the Agricultural Revolution
The Present and Future of Food Processing
Feather Meal
The Freezing and Storage of Meat
Freezing for Slicing Bacon
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The Salt Bridge
01. Salt – 7000 years of meat-curing
02. Nitrate salt's epic journey: From Turfan in China, through Nepal to North India
03. And then the mummies spoke!
04. The Sal Ammoniac Project
06. Searching for Salt in New Zealand
07. Concerning the lack of salt industry in pre-European New Zealand and other tales from Polynesia and the region
08. Salt and the Ancient People of Southern Africa
09. The impact of Sodium Bicarbonate and the Twaing Impact Crater
10. The Stories of Salt
11. Builders of the Stone Ruins – From Antiquity to the Pô
12. Salt Bush
13. Ancient Stone Ruins Coming to Life
The Turfan Depression links with the Black Sea Region
Research Notes on the Scythians
Useful Documents and Links
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HomeAn Introduction to the Total Work on Salt, Saltpeter and Sal Ammoniac – Salt before the Agriculture Revolution
An Introduction to the Total Work on Salt, Saltpeter and Sal Ammoniac – Salt before the Agriculture Revolution
06/03/2018 eben van tonder recent history
by: Eben van Tonder
Looking out of Klipgate cave on the southern African coast. It was occasionally occupied since 80 000 years ago.
As a meat curing professional, my trade revolves around salt, spices, wood smoking, and drying and its application to meat in order to create exceptional dishes. Despite not being a trained historian or archeologist, the question intrigues me how humans came to use it to preserve food and use it in foods as a condiment.
The story of salt is one of the most fascinating tales of food science. Having studied sodium chloride, the various nitrate, and ammonia salts for many years, I intend putting it all together in more or less chronological fashion to set out for myself An Introduction to the Total Work on Salt, Saltpeter and Sal Ammoniac. Here, I begin the work by looking at Salt before the Agriculture Revolution.
I am fortunate to have many friends from around the world who are well known and respected scientists related to various disciplines I touch on in these articles and I invite them to share their insights and make corrections in the many places where this will be necessary.
THE EARLIEST SALTING OF MEAT
The first experience of humans with cooked meat probably came when they scavenged meat that was burned by wildfires. This would have been before we discovered how to make fire. Such meat would have been salted by the ashes and the charcoal would have added an interesting flavour. By eating these burned carcasses, the first experience of humans with roasted and cooked meat would have included salting which takes the earliest inclusion of salt in meat, even though not deliberately done, to a time before language even developed. There is evidence that cooking or roasting food did not become the universal way that humans consumed meat, even long after fire was invented, (see How did Ancient Humans Preserve Food?) nor did adding extra salt to meat become a universal practice till very recently.
It is estimated that in the "5–7 million-year period since the evolutionary emergence of hominins (bipedal primates within the taxonomic tribe hominini; note that the newer term hominin supplants the previous term, hominid) ≥20 species may have existed. Similar to historically studied hunter-gatherers, there would have been no single universal diet consumed by all extinct hominin species. Rather, diets would have varied by geographic locale, climate, and specific ecologic niche." (Cordain, L., et al.; 2005)
How likely was salt to have played a large part in their diets? What conditions could have sparked the use of salt as a preservative and as a condiment? Let's see how far we can unravel the mystery.
SALT IS REQUIRED FOR SURVIVAL
Looking into the prehistoric past to try and unravel the mystery behind our use of salt, we consider our biological need for salt. Meat, blood, and milk contain far more salt than many plants. Nomads who subsisted on their flocks and herds or hunters who regularly ate meat did not need additional sources of salt. Agriculturalists or nomads who for any number of reasons did not eat meat required supplementary sources of salt.
Lack of sodium is life-threatening. "Sodium is critical for determining membrane potentials in excitable cells and participates in various metabolic reactions in the body. An adequate intake of sodium is required for optimal growth. Rats maintained on low sodium diets exhibit decreased bone and muscle weights, and required a daily intake of 300 μEq Na+ for normal growth of fat, bone, and muscle tissues. In a study conducted by Bursey and Watson "sodium restriction during gestation in rats increased the number of stillborn pups, led to smaller brain size and amount of protein per unit of wet brain tissue, and decreased total brain RNA." Severe sodium restriction may negatively affect glucose metabolism and disturb normal blood viscosity. Distribution of intracellular and extracellular fluid volumes are dictated by sodium, and either a deficit or excess of sodium will alter overall fluid balance and distribution. Under normal circumstances, deviations from optimal body fluid homeostasis are corrected primarily by the kidneys, and proper renal handling of sodium is necessary for normal cardiovascular function. We can say that "survival and normal mammalian development are dependent on adequate sodium intake and retention" (Morris, M. J., et al., 2008)
"The minimum sodium requirement for humans is arguable, but it is clear that the average daily intake in developed countries far exceeds what is needed for survival. The worldwide average salt intake per individual is approximately 10 g/day, which is greater than the FDA recommended intake by about 4 g, and may exceed what is actually necessary by more than 8g." (Morris, M. J., et al., 2008) A lack of sodium intake causes the onset of hyponatremia, a condition associated with sodium levels not being adequate in blood. It is too low due to either too much water or not enough sodium intake. This condition is characterized by nausea and vomiting, headaches, confusion, loss of energy, fatigue, restlessness, irritability and muscle weakness, spasms or cramps.
EXAMPLES OF HYPONATREMIA FROM PRIMITIVE SOCIETY
David Livingston describes that he often saw conditions in the early 1800's on his travels in Africa, where poor people were forced to live on a vegetarian diet alone and as a result of this developed indigestion. His comment came in the context of a reference to the Bakwains, part of the Bechuana people, who allowed rich and poor to eat from the meat hunted. He mentions that the doctors knew what the cause of the indignation was and that it was related to a lack of salt intake. (Hyde, A., et al.; 1876: 150)
It is fascinating that Livingston describes that at two occasions later in his life, he was himself deprived of salt for months and yet, he did not have any cravings for it (Hyde, A., et al.; 1876: 150). Interestingly enough, he reported cravings for meat and milk which he knew had enough salt to cure the onset of symptoms associated with a low salt diet.
DO WE NATURALLY CRAVE SALT IF SODIUM LEVELS ARE TOO LOW?
We have seen that we need salt, but do we know that we need it? Do we feel "sodium deprived" and intuitively seek out salt? We have four or possibly five taste sensors in our mouths. Off the five, one is wholly dedicated to tasting the sodium ion, the charged atom responsible for the love of salt. Vegetarian/ herbivore and omnivore animals are similarly equipped. Interestingly enough, in a study on rats, it was shown that some of them naturally recognize salt deficiency as the cause for their hyponatremia. Others had to be taught through experience. Studies have shown and described how long-term changes in the brain as a result of hyponatremia may be behind an increased appetite for salt in animals. There is in other words, a biological reason for animals to be "directed" to salt. (De Luca Jr, L. A., Menani, J. V., Johnson, A. K. (Editors), 2014: 4) They either crave salt when in a sodium deficient condition naturally and in some cases, it is clear that they developed the craving.
If we naturally craved salt, it would explain our love for salt and the fact that it is so dominant in our diets. People would have naturally sought out salt deposits to amend their diets. The facts, however, is that the salt appetite of humans does not fit the biological model. There are great similarities between humans and other animals in how we handle sodium, but also very important differences. The sodium ion is essential for both humans and animals and we both have special sensors dedicated to its detection. Humans and animals share the same physiological systems that regulate it in the body, both ingest far too much of it and both show that a lack of sodium immediately following birth enhances the love of it. But unlike animals, people do not enjoy pure salt. Humans don't like it in water while it has been shown that some rats prefer it. Importantly, humans do not respond to sodium deficiency by craving for it and it never becomes a learned craving after an incident of hyponatremia. (De Luca Jr, L. A., Menani, J. V., Johnson, A. K. (Editors), 2014: 5)
Animals who have been deprived of salt increase their salt intake robustly. Studies in rats showed that if they have been deprived of it once, they permanently increase consumption of it but not so in humans. The dedicated sodium receptors in humans do not direct us to it when there is a deficiency in our bodies. There are records of humans dying from hyponatremia with salt around them. There have been many studies in humans to try and prove the opposite, but in every case, results are inconclusive at best. The evidence is clear that unlike animals, humans will seek sodium to satisfy our pallet but not to save our lives. (De Luca Jr, L. A., Menani, J. V., Johnson, A. K. (Editors), 2014: 5)
In humans, there is no satisfactory current explanation for the prominence of our sodium taste receptors or "for the powerful influence it exerts on our predilection for salt as the prime condiment and food additive that gives taste and tang to our food and is of no nutritional necessity." (De Luca Jr, L. A., Menani, J. V., Johnson, A. K. (Editors), 2014: 5) The question comes up, why not? There must obviously have been a time in our pre-history where we did not need this or when having it, would have been a disadvantage.
Is it that our diets in prehistoric times were varied enough and contained enough meat that we did not need to "crave" salt. What did human nutrition look like during the stone age and in particular, 100 000 years ago when we had clear evidence of cognitive, cultured humans in southern Africa. We can push the date even further back. Ben Panko, writing for smithsonian.com reported on June 8, 2017, about the work of Jean-Jacques Hublin, an anthropologist at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology who studied a fossil from a cave in central Morocco. The results of their analysis of the bones revealed that humans had lived there roughly 300,000 years ago," a 100 000 years earlier than we previously thought. Hublin "suggest that, by 300,000 years ago, modern humans had already spread across Africa." (Smithsonianmag)
What did those early humans look like and what changed over the 300 000 years?
"Using advanced imaging technology to 3D scan and measure the recovered skulls, the researchers were able to create full facial reconstructions, showing a striking similarity to the appearance of humans today. "Their face is the face of people you could meet in the street now," Hublin told the Financial Times. "Wearing a hat they would be indistinguishable to us." The hat would be necessary because the major noticeable difference between these Homo sapiens and us is a differently shaped head, caused by a brain that was as large as ours, but longer and less round. Rounder brains are a major feature of modern humans, though scientists still can't say exactly how it changed the way we think. "The story of our species in the last 300,000 years is mostly the evolution of our brain," Hublin says. (Smithsonianmag)
This is very important because nothing seriously could have changed over the last 10 000 years since animals have been domesticated and we began practicing agriculture, but over the last 300 000 years, a lot changed related to our brains. Evolutionary adaptations could not have taken place since agriculture was invented to compensate for the modern food we eat but since the emergence of homo sapiens, much has changed in our make-up.
WHAT WAS THE STONE AGE DIET?
There are several ways that we can look back into our ancient past and try and unravel what our food looked like.
John D. Speth (2017) makes a compelling case for the earliest meat humans ate to have been putrid and fermented. Another method of identifying what we are in the stone age is suggested by Cordain et al (2005) with their concept of evolutionary discordance theory. According to them, contemporary chronic diseases and health issues are partially, if not largely, due to an evolutionary "clashing" with new patterns introduced in our modern world after the agricultural revolution approximately 10 000 years ago when agriculture and animal husbandry was developed.
Cordain, et al, explains it as follows. They say that "contemporary humans are genetically adapted to the environment of their ancestors—that is, to the environment that their ancestors survived in and that consequently conditioned their genetic makeup. There is growing awareness that the profound environmental changes (eg, in diet and other lifestyle conditions) that began with the introduction of agriculture and animal husbandry ≈10 000 y ago occurred too recently on an evolutionary time-scale for the human genome to adapt. In conjunction with this discordance between our ancient, genetically determined biology and the nutritional, cultural, and activity patterns in contemporary Western populations, many of the so-called diseases of civilization have emerged.
An example is Cordain et al's case is that refined sugar consumption increased since 500 BC and high-fructose corn syrup since the 1970s which may have caused discordance. "Lacking evidence directly associated with hominin diets, it is left unknown how simple sugars may have actually shaped evolution of hominins.
The data, however, on ape diets suggests a fruitarian ancestry governed by plants. Although the sugars of these fruits are evidenced to have been accompanied by diverse dietary fiber sources, nutritional variations may have occurred not unlike refined sugars and large amounts of fructose. It is also unclear why fructose, heavily associated with diabetes, should be prevalent in the main foods of a hominin ancestral diet.
Science must ultimately make up perceptions on a factual matter regarding nutrition and medicine where historical and archeological evidence fall short and can only present clues.
Double-blind, randomized cross-over designed trials on each discordance—cereals, refined sugars, refined vegetable oils, alcohol, salt, fatty domestic meats, etc.—and how differing amounts affect health must be researched for proper nutritional determinations.
For example, two interventions over a year's time could be performed in which one group could be given wild-caught salmon and deer meat and the placebo group would receive farmed salmon and deer meat. Blood lipids and abdominal fat stores can be measured throughout the year.
Because of possible interplay from each discordance that should not be discounted, double-blind randomized cross-over trials should also include versions of whole, supposed Paleolithic diets.
Each study performed, in turn, may also offer revelations into evolutionary past. And perhaps, to make things more interesting, the studies should also be performed on bonobos and chimpanzees." (David Despain. Evolvinghealthscience)
What we can say for sure from the work of Speth (2017) and Cordain et al. (2005), is that before the development of agriculture and animal husbandry, hominin dietary choices would have been necessarily limited to minimally processed, wild plant and animal foods. If the meat was not fresh, it would have been putrid and fermented and minimally cooked or warmed. Salt could have played a role in hominin and more particularly, early homo sapien diets if we too had a natural craving for salt like other animals which we lost. If this was the case, however, one would expect to see evidence of salt mining around the time when we know for sure that cognitive, cultured humans existed. Such a time and location is 100 000 years ago in southern Africa. Despite vast natural salt resources in salt pans and salt springs in the region, there is no evidence that any of this was ever mined or that communities sprang up around the salt resources to exploit it till well into the 1800's.
Cordain et al. (2005) state it as follows. "It is likely that Paleolithic (the old stone age which began 2.6 million years ago and ended 10 000–12 000 y ago) or Holocene (10 000 y ago to the present) hunter-gatherers living in coastal areas may have dipped food in seawater or used dried seawater salt in a manner similar to nearly all Polynesian societies at the time of European contact. However, the inland living Maori of New Zealand lost the salt habit, and the most recently studied inland hunter-gatherers add no or little salt to their food on a daily basis. Furthermore, there is no evidence that Paleolithic people undertook salt extraction or took interest in inland salt deposits. Collectively, this evidence suggests that the high salt consumption (≈10 g/d) in Western societies has minimal or no evolutionary precedent in hominin species before the Neolithic period." (Cordain, L. et al; 2005)
BUILDING UP A SUBSTANTIAL BODY OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT SALT FROM VERY EARLY
Humans would not have naturally gravitated towards additional sodium intake besides what is found as a constituent of our food and the remedy to hyponatremia. What possible scenarios could have existed that lead to humans "discovering" its nutritional value and as that it acts as a preservative. It is easy to imagine how early humans would have seen animals licking salt and how they would have mimicked the behaviour even in the absence of a natural craving for sodium. The fact that salt cures hyponatremia and its link to an exclusively vegetarian diet is also something that early humans would have discovered. One can then imagine how vegetarians would have developed it and people who eat meat did not. It would have been clear. It is also easy to see how salt could have been ingested by some of the people who only relied on a plant-based diet and the symptoms would have disappeared.
I focus on what happened 100 000 years ago in Africa since it is here where we find the oldest evidence of cognitive and cultured human beings dating to this time in southern Africa. Whether the link with salt was made 100 000 years ago did not depend on the cognitive ability for people to recognize it, but the question should be that by what date would one encounter people with a vegetable diet only; where in the world was it most likely to find such societies and how likely would it have been for them to have access to salt and to have discovered that salt resolves hyponatremia. This relates to the nutritional aspect of salt.
On the other hand is the questions "when" and "where" was it most likely to have discovered the preserving power of salt in meat and by extension, the power of sal ammoniac and saltpeter salt in meat preservation. What conditions would favour these discoveries which will help us identify the "where" and "when". I venture some guesses. There can be little doubt that putrified meat and fermentation predates salt preservation. (How did Ancient Humans Preserve Food?) Ancients would have noticed the preserving power of simply submerging the carcass in water and storing it there for future consumption. They would have observed this from animals which drowned in bodies of water. There is little doubt that such carcasses, retrieved from salt water would have been different in terms of taste and preservation.
Interesting components are coming together in such a scenario which surely would have lead to the discovery of its preserving powers by simple observation namely salt water (brine), dead animals, noticing its state of decomposition relative to animals retrieved from freshwater and cognitive, cultured humans who were able to make these links from events separated by time and space. We know that all these were present in southern Africa from at least as early as 100 000 years ago which means we can speculate that some knowledge of salts could have started to come into human culture by this time. As individuals started to observe this, it was now up to the modes of dissemination and its speed by which it was related from group to group that would have become important. It is interesting that there is no evidence of salt mining in southern Africa till much later.
Similar to animals drowning in water and carcasses deliberately being stored under water as one of the oldest forms of meat preservation, is the fact that animals which died in desert areas where the wind blew salt-sand onto the carcass must have equally been subjected to a different rate of decomposition compared to freshly killed animals, untreated by salt or water immersion. It is this which I believed played a crucial role in discovering nitrate curing in the Turfan area where, by the early Bronze age, bodies were subjected to natural mummification, partly as a result of nitrate-rich sand blowing over them. Thinking about it makes it clear that examples of natural salt preservation must have been all around early humans to observe. The question is really, which hominin species was able to make the connection cognitively and in the case of southern Africa, why was it never developed any further. It is safe to say that salt preservation never played any part in the indigenous cultures in southern Africa.
There must have been a considerable time between the discovery of the value of salt and when it became part of popular culture. Ons of the big reasons for this was availability. We can identify when this happened by identifying when mining of salt emerged. Mining it would necessarily have been preceded by discovering its value which then created a demand and which, in turn, lead to its mining.
The next article will feature some stone-age chemistry as we look at the analytical techniques that were required to start separating out different kinds of salt. We also look at the oldest salt mines on earth to start forming a picture of where cultures emerged, based on this unique mineral.
References.
Brigand, R., Weller, O. (Editors). 2015. Archeology of Salt. Sidestone Press
Cordain, L., Eaton, S. B., Sebastian, A., Mann, N., Lindeberg, S., Watkins, B. A., O'Keefe, J. H., Brand-Miller, J.; Origins and evolution of the Western diet: health implications for the 21st century, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Volume 81, Issue 2, 1 February 2005, Pages 341–354, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn.81.2.341
De Luca Jr, L. A., Menani, J. V., Johnson, A. K. (Editors). 2014. Neurobiology of Body Fluid Homeostasis: Transduction and Integration. CRC Press.
Engelbrecht, J. A.. 1936. The Korana. Maskew Miller, Ltd.. Cape Town.
http://evolvinghealthscience.blogspot.com/2009/06/evolutionary-discordance.html
Iziko South African Museum (South African's national museum located in Cape Town
Henshilwood, C.S. & Marean, C.W. 2003. The origin of modern human behaviour: A review and critique of models and test implications. Current Anthropology 44 (5): 627-651
Hyde, A., Bliss, F. C., Tyler, J.. 1876. The Life and Life-work of Dr. David Livingstone. Columbian Book Company.
Mitchell, P., Lane, P. (Ed's). 2013. The Oxford Handbook of African Archaeology. Oxford University Press.
Morris, M. J., Na, E. S., & Johnson, A. K. (2008). Salt craving: The psychobiology of pathogenic sodium intake. Physiology & Behavior, 94(5), 709–721. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2008.04.008
Needham, J. 1980. Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 5. Chemistry and Chemical Technology. Cambridge University Press.
Schlebusch CM, Malmström H, Günther T, Sjödin P, Coutinho A, Edlund H, Munters AR, Vicente M, Steyn M, Soodyall H, Lombard M, Jakobsson M. 2017. Southern African ancient genomes estimate modern human divergence to 350,000 to 260,000 years ago. Science. 2017 11 03; 358(6363):652-655
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/humans-evolved-100000-years-earlier-we-thought-180963619/
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One thought on "An Introduction to the Total Work on Salt, Saltpeter and Sal Ammoniac – Salt before the Agriculture Revolution"
richard bosman says:
Lovely – thank you for taking the time and effort to ponder our culinary origins.
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Inside our Blog: A comprehensive discussion on fine emulsion meat products.
A new approach to fine emulsions. Click on the logo or go to the index page: Nose-to-Tail and Root-to-Tip: Re-Thinking Emulsions. Because It's Good for Us, our Kids, our World!
Contact the editorial staff:
[email protected]
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The EarthwormExpress
Earthworm Express (Instagram)
In the company of giants! As I said before, not friends! Family!
When you stand on holy ground, remove your shoes. So I did! 🥰🥰🥰🥰 Cave 13b.
At an occupation site, over 100 000 years old I discovered this hole! Sign of alien life, for sure! When did we have the technology to create holes like this? Proof - irrefutable! And we were at ground zero!! 😇🤣😇🤣😇🤣😇🤣😇🤣😇🤣😇🤣😇
Epic!!!
Just had a final meeting with my colleagues in Nigeria before they switch off for Christmas. Mr Dapo, Mr Anil, Merry Christmas to you and thank you for an exhilarating project! Dapo had a careful look at the heart biltong which I posted about two days ago and it is on the cards for next year! We even progressed a few sausages!
Nico Moolman posted this old Christmas card from Fauresmith, from the 1920s. I'm reposting this for all my family members who have links with this amazing little town!
Had such a great time with these guys in Lagos! Missing them and my other friends there!
The gifts I bought the kids many years ago in Chanoi when I visited India. Tonight mademe miss my kids!
The Keswani family doing what they know best - creating magic!!
Dapo and I first visited the Head office of the TGI group. The reception was professional and official. We then left to visit the Chi abattoir and factory just outside Lagos. The reception was "official". Induction - official!
– Inside our Blog: Best Bacon System on Earth
We developed a bacon grid system with custom designed processing aids which is rated the Best Bacon System in the World. It is in use in New Zealand and in South Africa. My son, Triatan sells the system through his company GMT. His whatsapp number is +27 727428793 or email him on [email protected] See a detailed discussion on the system at: Best Bacon System on Earth Have a look at the videos below which showcases many features of the system.
The Best Bacon System on Earth – Loading the grids
https://earthwormexpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/loading-the-grid-system.mp4
Best bacon System on Earth – Restructured Belly
https://earthwormexpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/belly-restructured.mp4
Best bacon System on Earth – Restructured Loin
https://earthwormexpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/loin-grid.mp4
Best Bacon System on Earth – Slicing Restructured Loin
https://earthwormexpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/slicing-a-restructured-loin-perfect-look-every-time.mp4
Best bacon System on Earth – Restructuring Topside
https://earthwormexpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/restructuring-topside.mp4
How did Ancient Humans Preserve Food?
What readers say – Recent comments
Charles on The Stories of Salt
Disrupting the Meat… on Endless Possibilities: Re-thin…
The End of the Rende… on Endless Possibilities: Re-thin…
The End of the Rende… on Meat-on-Meat Injection for Bac…
what is polony actua… on Notes on Proteins used in Fine…
Proteins used in Fin… on Notes on Proteins used in Fine…
THE ORIGIN AND HOW T… on The Origins of Polony
Paco on Basics of Dry Curing
Mike Edwards on William and William Harwood Oa…
Origins Smallgoods Co, Cape Town
Origins is designed to bring exquisite artisan products to life. Some of our creations are featured below. Most are photos of the work of curing experts from around the globe. These products are being made available to South Africans.
Inside the blog, it is featured here: Origins Smallgoods Co, Cape Town
– Inside our Blog: Pic's history of meat processing
As an ongoing project, I am building up a collection of old meat processing pictures. View it inside the blog at: Pic's History of Meat processing
Please share any contributions with me at [email protected]
Collagen, Reticular and Elastic: A Closer Look 01/16/2022
Nitrite Cured Meat: It's Fantastic but is it also Bad? 12/28/2021
Beef Heart Pastrami 12/23/2021
Westphalian Hams and Bacon Recipes 12/23/2021
Westphalia Bacon and Ham & the Empress of Russia's Brine: Pre-cursers to Mild Cured Bacon 12/18/2021
Chapter 11.04: Wiltshire Cured or Tank Cured Bacon 12/12/2021
Chapter 10.02.02: Robert Henderson and the Invention of the Smokehouse 12/10/2021
Creating the Optimal African Frankfurter Style Sausage: Hungarians and Russians 11/30/2021
Counting Nitrogen Atoms – The History of Determining Total Meat Content 11/13/2021
Chapter 11.03: The Jewish Master Curer and the Prince of Ireland 11/10/2021
Regarding Meals with Beef Tendons 09/20/2021
Endless Possibilities: Re-thinking the 5th Quarter 09/18/2021
Notes on Comminution and Digestability 09/12/2021
The Life and Times of George Samworth: Prepared for Greatness! 09/07/2021
Chapter 13.04: Finally – nitrate, nitrite, nitric oxide as valuable molecules and the triumph of nature over foolish strawman positions 08/22/2021
Chapter 13.03: On Innovation and Creativity 08/17/2021
Chapter 13.02: Eskort Ltd. 08/17/2021
Chapter 13.01.3: The Art of Living: Sketches to Understand Ourselves and Others 08/15/2021
Chapter 13.01.2: The Life and Times of Jan Kok 08/15/2021
Chapter 13.01.1: The Castlemaine Bacon Company 08/13/2021
Chapter 13.00: The Best Bacon on Earth 07/22/2021
Chapter 10.06.01 Oake Woods & Co., Ltd. and their Auto Cured Bacon 07/21/2021
Chapter 12.11: The Quilliam Family and the Early Days of Pig Breeding in South Africa 07/19/2021
William and William Harwood Oake 07/08/2021
Chapter 12.10: Meat Curing – A Review 07/03/2021
Chapter 12.09: The Curing Reaction 07/01/2021
Chapter 12.08: The Erythorbate Letter 06/29/2021
Chapter 12.07: The Ascorbate-Letter 06/29/2021
Chapter 12.06: Regulations of Nitrate and Nitrite post-1920's: the problem of residual nitrite 06/27/2021
Chapter 12.05: The Preserving Power of Nitrite 06/27/2021
Chapter 12.04: The Direct Addition of Nitrites to Curing Brines – The Spoils of War 06/26/2021
Chapter 12.03: The Direct Addition of Nitrites to Curing Brines – the Master Butcher from Prague 06/26/2021
Chapter 12.02: Fresh Meat Colour vs Cooked Cured Colour 06/26/2021
The English Pig, the Kolbroek and the Kune Kune in Bacon & the Art of Living 06/26/2021
Salt in Bacon & the Art of Living 06/21/2021
C & T Harris: The Complete Collection 06/19/2021
Bacon Curing Systems: From Antiquity till now. 06/18/2021
The Charc'Tank 06/13/2021
Ode to the Russian Sausage – a Technical Evaluation 04/04/2021
Nitrite Free Bacon: The Quest Continues 02/18/2021
The Quest for Nitrite Free Curing 01/18/2021
Meat-on-Meat Injection for Bacon and Ham Production: Injection for Profit and Taste 12/12/2020
Origins of the South African Sausage, Called a Russian 11/28/2020
Review of comminuted and cooked meat product properties from a sol, gel and polymer viewpoint. 11/22/2020
Soya: Its Utilisation and Processing 11/22/2020
Meat Emulsions – A Roadmap to Investigations 11/07/2020
Protected: Chapter 11.11: The Quilliam Family and the Early Days of Pig Breeding in South Africa. 10/11/2020
Notes on Collagen 09/27/2020
Denny's Beef Style Mince vs. Frey's Veggie Mince 08/28/2020
Poultry MDM: Notes on Composition and Functionality 07/05/2020
Notes on Proteins used in Fine Emulsion Sausages 07/04/2020
Bovril 05/27/2020
Chapter 19: The Boers (Our Lives and Wars) 05/21/2020
Yunnan Xuanwei Ham (宣威火腿/xuān wēi huó tuǐ) 05/13/2020
Hot Boning in America 04/26/2020
Counting Nitrogen Atoms – Part 8.1: A Basic Introduction to Lipid Chemistry and the History of the Recognition of the Role of Lipids in Nutrition 04/14/2020
Protein Functionality, the Bind Index and the Early History of Meat Extenders in America 04/14/2020
How to Cook a Gammon / Ham 04/13/2020
Chapter 12.01: The Fathers of Meat Curing 04/12/2020
Chapter 12.00: The Union Letters 04/12/2020
Chapter 11.02: Oake Woods & Co Ltd in New Zealand and Other Amazing Tales 04/12/2020
Chapter 11.01: Our Manuka Bay Wedding! 04/12/2020
Chapter 11.00: Letters from New Zealand 04/12/2020
Chapter 10.15 The English Pig with links to the Kolbroek and Kunekune 04/12/2020
Chapter 10.14 Dublin and the Injection of Meat 04/11/2020
Chapter 10.13: The Salt of Meat 04/10/2020
Chapter 10.12: The Salt of the Land and the Sea 04/10/2020
Chapter 10.11: The Salt of the Earth 04/09/2020
Chapter 10.10: Engaged to be Married 04/08/2020
Chapter 10.09: The Wiltshire Cut 04/07/2020
Chapter 10.08: Irish Animosity 04/07/2020
Chapter 10.07: John Harris Reciprocates! 04/06/2020
Chapter 10.06: Harris Bacon – From Pale Dried to Tank Curing! 04/05/2020
Chapter 10.05: Ice Cold Revolution 04/05/2020
Chapter 10.04: Ice Cold in Africa 04/04/2020
Chapter 10.03: American Ice Houses for England: Year-Round Curing 04/03/2020
Chapter 10.02: Sweet Cured Harris Bacon 04/01/2020
Chapter 10.01: Lord Lansdowne 03/31/2020
Chapter 10.00: The UK letters 03/31/2020
Chapter 09.09 David Graaff's Armour – A Tale of Two Legends 03/30/2020
Chapter 09.08 Von Liebig and the Theory of Proteins of Gerard Mulder. 03/30/2020
Chapter 09.07 Lauren Learns the Nitrogen Cycle 03/29/2020
Chapter 09.06 From the Sea to Turpan 03/29/2020
Chapter 09.05 The Polenski Letter 03/28/2020
Chapter 09.04 The Saltpeter Letter 03/28/2020
Chapter 09.03 Minette's Chemistry Revision and other adventures 03/27/2020
Chapter 09.02 – The Danish Cooperative and Saltpeter 03/27/2020
Chapter 09.01 – Mild Cured Bacon 03/24/2020
Chapter 09.00: The Denmark Letters 03/23/2020
Chapter 08.03 Minette, the Cape Slaves, the Witels and Nitrogen 03/18/2020
Chapter 08: Woodys Bacon 03/13/2020
Chapter 07: The Greatest Adventure 03/12/2020
Chapter 06: Drums of Despair 03/12/2020
Chapter 05: Seeds of War 03/10/2020
Chapter 04: The Shambles 03/08/2020
Chapter 03: Kolbroek 03/07/2020
Chapter 02: Dry Cured Bacon 03/06/2020
Chapter 01: Once upon a time in Africa 03/04/2020
Bacon & the Art of Living 02/05/2020
Chuck Vavra's Prasky 01/05/2020
The Old and the New Pig Breeds 12/25/2019
Christmas Gammon ala Robert and Jaques 12/18/2019
Kolbroek – Chinese, New Zealand, and English Connections 12/07/2019
In Search of the Origins of the Kolbroek 11/23/2019
Pic's history of meat processing 09/21/2019
The Rib Project 09/16/2019
Difference between Fresh Cured and Cooked Cured Colour of Meat. 09/04/2019
Ducks and Stuphins – Sausage Makers and their OXFORD SAUSAGES 08/20/2019
Salt Bush 08/16/2019
My Memories of Van Wyngaardt 08/10/2019
Builders of the Stone Ruins – From Antiquity to the Pô 08/04/2019
The Stories of Salt 07/18/2019
The impact of Sodium Bicarbonate and the Twaing Impact Crater 06/26/2019
Project – Legendary Foods 06/08/2019
Mild Cured Bacon Celebrated! 05/19/2019
Nguni: Living Works of Art 04/29/2019
MDM – Not all are created equal! 04/21/2019
Tank Curing Came from Ireland 03/12/2019
Weight Loss During Chilling and Freezing of Meat 03/10/2019
The Origins of Polony 03/09/2019
Pancetta 03/08/2019
The Mother Brine 03/03/2019
A Most Remarkable Tale: The Story of Eskort 02/26/2019
Soya: Review of some health concerns and applications in the meat industry 02/10/2019
Recipe: Liver Sausage 02/09/2019
Counting Nitrogen Atoms – Part 7: Connective Tissues and Gelatin 01/21/2019
Counting Nitrogen Atoms – Part 6: The Codex 01/07/2019
Best Bacon System on Earth 01/03/2019
Counting Nitrogen Atoms – Part 5: The Proximate Analysis, Kjeldahl and Jones (6.25) 01/03/2019
Counting Nitrogen Atoms – Part 4: The Background of the History of Nutrition 12/30/2018
Soy and Pea Protein and what in the world is TVP? 12/26/2018
Bobotie – its origins 12/26/2018
Counting Nitrogen Atoms – Part 3: Understanding of Protein Metabolism Coming of Age 12/24/2018
The Freezing and Storage of Meat 12/18/2018
Concerning the Aging of Beef 12/10/2018
The Chemistry of Sulfur Dioxide in Boerewors 11/16/2018
Oupa Eben's Boerewors 11/08/2018
Counting Nitrogen Atoms – Part 2: Von Liebig and Gerard Mulder's theory of proteins 11/08/2018
Counting Nitrogen Atoms – Part 1: From the start of the Chemical Revolution to Boussingault 10/21/2018
Basics of Dry Curing 09/02/2018
Factors Affecting Colour Development and Binding in a Restructuring System Based on Transglutaminase 08/31/2018
Salt and the Ancient People of Southern Africa 08/05/2018
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프로그램 Masters & Newcomers In: Sight
In: SightKP
The Terrible Children
France, Turkey, Germany202193mincolorDocumentary
After leaving home to study 20 years ago, filmmaker Ahmet Necdet Cupur returns to his family's town in southeastern Turkey after hearing news about his siblings. His brother Mahmut tells his family that he wants to divorce his wife while his younger sister Zeynep enrolls in a high school online course. Contrary to her conservative father's wishes, Zeynep's dream is to go to college. The family finds the wishes of Mahmut and Zeynep odd, and what the siblings try to achieve becomes a source of conflict in their family and community. Ahmet Necdet Cupur takes a look into his family history with his camera in order to make this documentary about a new generation in Turkey that challenges the older generation and their worldview. His intimacy with the characters in the film made it possible to create an incomparable rapport and natural interaction between the camera holder and the person standing before him.
2021 Visions du Réel (상)
2021 DocsBarcelona International Documentary Film Festival
Ahmet Necdet CUPUR
Ahmet Necdet Cupur obtained a civil engineering diploma and worked in Iraq and Afghanistan during the war. In one of his journeys, he shot a short film in Romania and decided to be a filmmaker. He obtained funds from CNC for his short film, . The year he completed his film, he returned back to his natal village, after twenty years of absence, with an idea of shooting a documentary about his family.
Mon. Oct 25, 2021
Sat. Oct 30, 2021
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The Trust has a mission to highlight and generate interest in the beauty, meaning and state of natural sciences.
We do this by holding an annual lecture, summer field meetings and collaborating with Sparsholt College and the universities of Reading and Southampton. Students regular visit the estate as part of their studies and also performing research.
We are delighted to attend Open farm Sunday which is held in June each year. Specific training courses may be organised or facilitated as required.
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Steamborn Author Eric R. Asher {The Interview}
{Clicking on cover takes you to Goodreads}
I had the chance to interview author Eric R. Asher and I want to thank him for taking time out of his schedule to do this.
Q: Tell us some more about your book.
It's a YA dystopian steampunk adventure. Jacob and Alice go on an epic journey through a world filled with monsters and heroes alike.
Q: What's more important: characters or plot?
Both. If it's not balanced, it's either going to drag, or you're going to have action without emotion.
Q: If you could cast your characters in the Hollywood adaptation of your book, who would play your characters?
I have no clue. I've never been good at casting, haha.
Q: How important are names to you in your books? Do you choose the names based on liking the way it sounds or the meaning? Do you have any name choosing resources you recommend?
Some of them are based on the way they sound, and some are based on etymology. I rather like www.behindthename.com.
Q: How did you begin writing? Did you intend to become an author, or do you have a specific reason or reasons for writing each book?
I've always enjoyed making up stories. Over time they became longer and longer until I decided I wanted to sit down and write an entire novel about ten years ago.
Q: Could you describe the mundane details of writing: How many hours a day to you devote to writing? Do you write a draft on paper or at a keyboard (typewriter or computer)?
Usually about two hours per day. Always on a computer or mobile device.
Q: Any writing rituals?
I almost always write with music on.
Q: Do you meet your readers at book signings, conventions, or similar events?
I do! I love conventions, although I'm cutting back for 2016. I had 14 events in 2015 which drastically cut into my usual routines.
Q: Do you read your reviews?
Do you respond to them, good or bad?
Not unless the reviewer tags me or sends it to me directly.
Do you have any advice on how to deal with the bad?
Learn what you can, and then look up the reviews of your all time favorite works. Study them, and see how vehemently some people dislike those works. There will always be people who do not enjoy what you do, and that's okay. You aren't writing for them.
Q: What do you consider to be your best accomplishment?
Helping spread the love of Worribles. ;)
Many thanks to Eric and I hope we can have you back again with us soon.
You can connect with Eric R. Asher via the following:
Labels fantasy, science fiction, Steamborn Series Book 1, steampunk
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Home HDR
Superstructure Approaches Full Height for Rush Specialty Hospital in Little Italy
Steel is quickly reaching its pinnacle height for the new Rush Specialty Hospital at 516 S Loomis Street in Little Italy. This new building is the next step in the Rush University Medical Campus expansion and will be located just to the east of the Joan and Paul Rubschlager building, which is currently under construction on its parking garage. There is an empty lot between these two projects that awaits a future building with up to 855,000 square feet of programming.
Permits Issued for Rush Medical Center Expansion at 516 S Loomis Street
7:45 am on May 30, 2022 By Jack Crawford
A full construction permit was issued this week for a new five-story medical building at 516 S Loomis Street in Little Italy. Named the Rush Specialty Hospital, the facility will further augment the Rush University Medical Campus, and will be located on the same block as the nearly completed Joan and Paul Rubschlager building. Between these two locations, there is a third site that will be able to support a future development with up to 855,000 square feet, nearly twice as much as the Roan and Paul Rubschlager building.
Plan Commission Approved Mixed-Use Development At 3201 W 31st Street In Little Village
7:45 am on February 1, 2022 By Ian Achong
The Chicago Plan Commission has approved the mixed-use development at 3201 W 31st Street in Little Village. Dubbed the Focal Point Campus, the massive project will be anchored by a new facility for Saint Anthony Hospital and is located just southwest of the intersection with S Kedzie Avenue. Developer Chicago Southwest Development Corporation has partnered with local firm HDR Architecture on the 30-acre, $600 million complex.
Rush University's Joan and Paul Rubschlager Building Takes 24th Spot in City's Tallest Construction Countdown
7:45 am on December 8, 2021 By Jack Crawford
Next on our list of Chicago's Tallest Countdown is Rush University Medical Center's new 10-story cancer and neurosciences building at 1520 W Harrison Street in the northwest corner of Little Italy. Known as the Joan and Paul Rubschlager Building following a significant gift from the namesake couple, the nearly completed facility stands 179 feet to its architectural pinnacle. Despite this height, planning documents indicate that a future expansion could bring the final height to 205 feet. The structure connects directly to the clover-shaped Rush University main building, with a 150-foot skybridge connecting the two edifices over Ashland Avenue.
City Council Approves Rezoning For Next Phases Of Rush Medical Center Expansion
7:30 am on November 8, 2021 By Ian Achong
The Chicago City Council has approved the rezoning for a new medical building and future expansion at 1400 W Harrison Street in the Illinois Medical District. Bound by W Harrison Street to the south, S Loomis Street to the east, and the Eisenhower Expressway to the north, the building continues the mass expansion of the Rush University Medical Center. This second phase of construction leaves one last approved expansion pad on the land that used to hold student housing, while also extending the campus east a full city block.
Garage Wing Rises at Rush University's Joan and Paul Rubchlager Medical Building
Work on the northern garage section is now underway for the Rush University's new Joan and Paul Rubschlager cancer and neurosciences building. The 10-story project lies at 1520 W Harrison Street, located in Little Italy directly along the border with the Illinois Medical District. Connecting these two districts over Ashland Avenue, the facility will be linked to Rush University's main medical building via a pedestrian skybridge.
Plan Commission Approves Medical Development At 1400 W Harrison Street In The Illinois Medical District
7:30 am on September 19, 2021 By Ian Achong
The Chicago Plan Commission has approved a medical inpatient development at 1400 W Harrison Street in the Illinois Medical District. Located on the corner of S Loomis Street and W Harrison Street, the new acute care hospital building will rise next to the recently completed Joan and Paul Rubschlager building, both of which sit on land once occupied by a student housing complex.
Committee On Design Reviews Mixed-Use Development At 3201 W 31st Street In Little Village
7:45 am on September 9, 2021 By Ian Achong
The Chicago Committee on Design has reviewed a proposed mixed-use development at 3201 W 31st Street in Little Village. Envisioned as a campus, the now 30-acre development aims to bring life to a partially occupied lot enclosed by W 31st Street to the north, S Kedzie Avenue to the east, and the future Cinespace Campus 2 to the west. Developer Chicago Southwest Development Corporation (CSDC) has teamed up with HDR Architecture to design the massive southwest side complex.
Skybridge Pieces Installed at Joan and Paul Rubschlager Building in Little Italy
7:45 am on July 25, 2021 By Jack Crawford
Structural bridge pieces have now been lifted into place across the seven-lane span of Ashland Avenue, connecting Rush University Medical Center's main building to the new Joan and Paul Rubschlager Building. This 10-story structure at 1520 W Harrison Street will serve as a new cancer and neuroscience building for the Rush University medical campus, with programming for diagnostic imaging, radiation therapy, infusion therapy, and integrated medicine.
Cladding Installation Progresses for Rush Medical's Joan And Paul Rubschlager Building
7:30 am on March 15, 2021 By Jack Crawford
Cladding is well underway for Rush University Medical Center's new 10-story cancer and neuroscience center at 850 W Jackson Boulevard. The project is named after Joan and Paul Rubschlager, whose donation not only helped fund its construction, but is also the largest in the institution's history.
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Short Essay Declaration Of Independence
The Declaration of Independence, written primarily by Thomas Jefferson was a radical document that summarized the colonist's grievances against England and justified American's separation. It announced the independence of the American Colonies from Great Britain July 4th 1776; one year after the Revolutionary War began. Some of the causes leading to the American Revolution were trade regulations, taxes and Great Britain's power over the colonies. The colonists where unhappy and wanted to be free from England.
After the French & Indian War the relationship between Britain & the Colonies was worsening. Opportunity opened for the colonist in the western frontier but to prevent further ...view middle of the document...
Secret radical groups in the colonies took the name Son's of Liberty and worked to oppose the Stamp tax and other revenue programs. British authorities referred to them as "Son's of Violence."
However the Prime Minster of 1766 pleaded for a more sympathetic treatment of the American colonists and opposed the Stamp Act. William Pit was like by the colonist but he became sick. The Chancellor of the Exchequer Charles Townsend took over his duties. Charles Townsend purposed the Townsend Acts. These Acts were a series of laws passed beginning in 1767 by the Parliament. The purpose was to raise revenue in the colonies to pay the salaries of governors and judges, by taxing lead, paint paper, glass and tea imports. Townshend died shortly after Parliament passed these acts and was succeeded by Lord North. In 1770 the Quartering Act was not renewed and the Townshend Acts are repealed by the British. However the Patriots were stubborn.
Much of the protest from came in written forms but violence would arise. The Boston Massacres occurs in 1770. A mob harasses British soldiers who then fire their muskets into the crowd, killing three, mortally wounding two others and injuring six. After the incident British troops withdrawal out of Boston. The captain of the British soldiers, Thomas Preston, is then arrested along with eight of his men and charged with murder but where found innocent....
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Each year, Frost & Sullivan surveys 300+ mobile and wireless purchase decision-makers in the North American business sector. Both Canadian and U.S. companies and organizations are asked to detail their preferences and plans around mobile enterprise applications – especially those software solutions that are deployed to employees for use on their mobile devices. Our most recent survey took place in August 2013.
The market for mobile worker apps appears to be thriving. The majority of respondents – 73 percent – already have one or more employee-facing solutions in place, with most of them having from one to 10 software applications deployed to some degree. Thirteen percent (13%) of the total sample said they have 20 or more apps deployed for their workers to use on their mobile handhelds (smartphones, tablets, basic cell phones or ruggedized devices). See Exhibit 1.
This sector has by no means reached its plateau state. When asked to project forward, at least 71 percent of the companies plan to introduce one or more new solutions by late 2014.
We didn't define specific solutions by name for these early questions, so the respondents could be referencing anything from the simplest mapping products to truly complex in-house solutions. No matter the type, though, we can probably agree that a high percentage of today's businesses recognize the value of mobile worker software applications.
Why is this? When we asked the companies why they would provide mobile apps to their employees, a number of reasons were given – and the top two focused on anticipated efficiency and productivity gains. See Exhibit 2. Not far behind came the softer – but still highly valuable – advantages of enhanced customer engagement and increased employee collaboration.
In fact, the high ranking given to the customer engagement benefit is one of many indications that today's business sector is becoming more sophisticated when it comes to mobile worker applications. Many mobile workers function as the company's front line when interfacing with customers – whether they're delivering a package, repairing a piece of equipment, or selling a product. Savvy businesses recognize the potential for heightened engagement at this interface point and are leveraging their mobile capabilities to: 1) collect valuable data, such as customer performance feedback and competitive intelligence, 2) provide timely loyalty rewards, such as coupons and discounts, and 3) upsell, based on easily-accessible customer history records.
Businesses are also taking more criteria into consideration when choosing a mobile application partner (it's more than simply cost of doing business) and they are also demanding more sophisticated functionality from their mobile solutions.
The high percentage of North American businesses that plan to expand their mobile worker application deployments, combined with an increasingly sophisticated set of customer expectations, should make 2014 a good year for mobile application sales.
Additional survey results and charts are included in our upcoming study: "2013 North American Mobile Enterprise Applications: Opportunities Within Enterprises," NCA0-65.
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Hong Kong racing features a Group 3 and several high quality races at Happy Valley tonight, here is a preview brought to you by Knightsbridge.
Not much of a race this one which is rare for Hong Kong, it makes if hard to pick a winner, of this bunch it looks like KING'S STEED (12) has been racing well enough to handle this field, (watch his last run) KIM GLORY (10) will like the 1000m but has not won in a long time, recent starts indicate a return to form. GLORY HORSIE (8) put in quite a nice run last time out, a repeat of that will see him figure in the finish.
SHARPMIND (6) has been in consistent form (watch his last win) and has the measure of these, a tough draw but his form should see him figure in the finish. EXCEPTIONAL DESIRE (2) is a bit of a plugger but has been thereabouts of late and has to be considered. NICE FANDANGO (7) is a last start winner (watch) this is a speedy horse and may well be charging home.
NASHASHUK (6) is representing the the very hot team of Size-Moreira and that is hard to pass up, he should represent some value and is the best e/w bet of the night. SHOWING CHARACTER (8) is the main danger, the horse is in form and down in class. COUR VALANT (7) finished like a freight train after a long spell, second up here which makes it tough but still a place chance.
ENORMOUS HONOUR (1) was impressive winning last time out and loves this distance (watch) another horse that may start at reasonable odds and is worth an ew bet. MR KOOL (2) has some claims here, he is also at home over this distance and he will be plugging on at the finish. CONTRIBUTION (3) for the minors.
MR RIGHT (7) drops in class and will find this a lot easier than recent efforts, should have the ability to hold these out. GENERAL IRON (2) gets his chance in this and is worth consideration. CIRCUIT KING (6) for the minors.
The big race of the night is the Group 3 January Cup and Matthew Chadwick's mount THE GOLDEN AGE (8) coming off 2 wins in a row looks the horse to beat. MARVEL HERO (5) will likely start favourite with Moreira on board and must be considered the danger in this, CITRON SPIRIT (9) should be running on.
Not a Group race but a good quality race nonetheless, I have to lean towards BANK ON RED (3) in this, great win 2 starts back and found nothing but trouble in his latest run. GO BEAUTY GO (5) is a good horse and tonight might be her night, keep safe. MISTER MONTE (9) could well finish in the placings.
SUPER FLUKE (5) is the bet of the night, in phenomenal form and looks impossible to beat on recent form. MR GENUINE (2) has been putting his best fort forward of late and can not be dismissed. PERPETUAL JOYANCE (4) has done everything but win, worth consideration.
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Q: Как реализовать цикл, который будет работать, пока есть строки для ввода Здравствуйте.
Задачка по этой ссылке.
Условие
Дана база данных о продажах некоторого интернет-магазина. Каждая строка входного файла представляет собой запись вида Покупатель товар
количество, где Покупатель — имя покупателя (строка без пробелов),
товар — название товара (строка без пробелов), количество — количество
приобретенных единиц товара.
Создайте список всех покупателей, а для каждого покупателя подсчитайте количество приобретенных им единиц каждого вида товаров.
Список покупателей, а также список товаров для каждого покупателя
нужно выводить в лексикографическом порядке.
Задачу я решил, только не знаю как реализировать цикл, который будет работать, пока есть строки для ввода. Так как надо написать код для варианта, когда мы не знаем сколько точно будет введено строк.
Мое решение:
dic = {}
while True: #это неверно
a = input().split(' ')
if not a[0] in dic:
dic[a[0]] = {a[1]:a[2]}
else:
if not a[1] in dic[a[0]].keys():
dic[a[0]].update({a[1]:a[2]} )
else:
dic[a[0]][a[1]]=int(dic[a[0]][a[1]]) + int(a[2])
for x in sorted(dic.keys()):
print(x +':')
for y in sorted(dic[x].keys()):
print (y, dic[x][y])
A: Читать данные в вашем случае нужно немного иначе.
Сделайте такой импорт
from sys import stdin
Так вы получите доступ к стандартному потоку ввода.
Пройтись в цикле по всем строкам можно таким образом:
for i in stdin:
//
A: Решил таким образом:
def Example(Path_File):
with open(Path_File, 'r') as file: # Открываем файл
lines = [line.strip() for line in file.readlines() if line != '\n'] # Делаем список из строк файла
result = dict() # Делаем пустой словарь, тут будет результат
for i in lines: # Проходим по списку строк который сделали
time_var = i.split() # Разбиваем строку i на список из 3 элементов, а именно
# 1 элементом будет Имя, 2 элементом - Товар, 3 элементом - Кол-во
if time_var[0] not in result.keys():
# Проверяем есть ли ключ с менем time_var[0] (Там имя покупателя) в нашем словаре
result[time_var[0]] = {time_var[1]: int(time_var[2])} # Добавляем его
else: # В противном случае
if time_var[1] in result[time_var[0]]: # Если у покупателя есть такой товар
result[time_var[0]][time_var[1]] += int(time_var[2]) # Увеличиваем кол-во этого товара
else: # В противном случае
result[time_var[0]].update({time_var[1]: int(time_var[2])}) # Добавляем ему этот товар
return result # Возвращаем результат
Использование:
print(Example(r'C:\Users\user\Desktop\test\bd_file.txt'))
В bd_file.txt я поместил следующее:
Ivanov paper 10
Petrov pens 5
Ivanov marker 3
Ivanov paper 7
Petrov envelope 20
Ivanov envelope 5
Результат:
{
'Ivanov': {
'paper': 17,
'marker': 3,
'envelope': 5
},
'Petrov': {
'pens': 5,
'envelope': 20
}
}
A: Решил задачу благодаря совету Кирилла Малышева использовать sys.stdin, вот мой код:
from sys import stdin
# Используются вложенные в друг друга словари
# Словарь покупателей (sales). Ключ = имя покупателя, значение = словарь покупок
# Словарь покупок. Ключ = название предмета, значение - количесвтво
sales = {}
for line in stdin.readlines():
person, product, amount = line.split()
amount = int(amount)
if sales.get(person) == None:
sales[person] = {}
sales[person][product] = sales[person].get(product,0) + amount
# Сортируем покупки и преобразуем в список используя генератор списков
sales = [(s, sorted([(j, sales[s][j]) for j in sales[s]])) for s in sales]
# Выводим
for person in sorted(sales):
name, products = person[0], person[1]
print(name, end=":\n")
for p in products:
print(*p)
A: Чтобы читать ввод построчно, пока он не закончится, можно использовать sys.stdin файловый объект. Любое API, которое файл ожидает, примет этот объект (детали могут зависеть, чему в вашем окружении sys.stdin присвоен -- это может не "настоящий" файл). К примеру, sys.stdin можно передать в pandas.read_table():
#!/usr/bin/env python
import sys
import pandas as pd # $ pip install pandas
df = pd.read_table(sys.stdin, delim_whitespace=True,
names=['buyer', 'product', 'amount'])
print(df.groupby(['buyer', 'product']).sum())
Для примера ввода из ответа @Alban, этот код выводит:
$ python . <input.txt
amount
buyer product
Ivanov envelope 5
marker 3
paper 17
Petrov envelope 20
pens 5
Файлы в Питоне являются итераторами над строками, поэтому их можно в for-цикл как есть передать for line in sys.stdin:. Чтобы принимать ввод как из стандартного ввода так и из файлов, указанных в командной строчке, можно fileinput.input() использовать:
#!/usr/bin/env python
import fileinput
from collections import Counter
counter = Counter()
for line in fileinput.input():
buyer, product, amount = line.split()
counter[buyer, product] += int(amount)
Что на том же вводе приводит к:
Counter({('Petrov', 'envelope'): 20,
('Ivanov', 'paper'): 17,
('Petrov', 'pens'): 5,
('Ivanov', 'envelope'): 5,
('Ivanov', 'marker'): 3})
Чтобы напечатать в желаемом отсортированном виде:
last_buyer = None
for (buyer, product), amount in sorted(counter.items()):
if last_buyer != buyer: # new buyer
print(buyer, end=' ')
last_buyer = buyer
else:
print(' ' * len(buyer), end=' ')
print(product, amount)
Результат:
Ivanov envelope 5
marker 3
paper 17
Petrov envelope 20
pens 5
A: from collections import defaultdict
from sys import stdin
clients = defaultdict(lambda: defaultdict(int))
for line in stdin.readlines():
client, thing, value = line.split()
clients[client][thing] += int(value)
for client in sorted(clients):
print(client + ':')
for thing in sorted(clients[client]):
print(thing, clients[client][thing])
|
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According to a report, former "American Idol" contestant Antonella Barba was arrested in Virginia this past week and was charged with distributing heroin. Her attorney said at the time that Barba was unaware the drug was in her rented vehicle.
Barba, 32, was indicted last week on 11 federal charges, including one count of conspiracy to distribute and possess cocaine, heroin, and fentanyl with the intent to distribute and 10 counts of distribution or possession of cocaine, heroin and fentanyl with the intent to distribute. She competed on "Fear Factor" in 2012.
In fact, NASA wants to ensure that there ain't a day without humans on space and this time, there should be a lot of them. Even before humans set foot back on the dusty lunar surface, Nasa has plenty of non-humanoid moon plans in the pipeline.
Barba is named as one of the members of a drug conspiracy that operated from late 2017 through 2018.
In the indictment, authorities allege illicit narcotics were stored by the drug ring at an apartment in Norfolk.
|
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History was made at Rapides Regional Medical Center on Dec. 21 as surgeon Meyer Kaplan, M.D., completed the first surgery using a robotic system in the hospital's history.
But it wasn't just any robotic system.
The da Vinci Xi Surgical System used by Dr. Kaplan is the most technologically advanced robotic system available, providing surgeons with revolutionary anatomical access. And it is only available in Central Louisiana at Rapides Regional Medical Center.
The da Vinci Surgical System is a tool that utilizes advanced, robotic, computer and optical technologies to assist surgeons during an operation. It does not act on its own as its movements are controlled by the surgeon. The da Vinci has a 3D high-resolution vision system, special instruments and computer software to allow surgeons to operate with enhanced vision, precision, dexterity and control.
Launched in April 2014, the da Vinci Xi has broader capabilities than previous generations of the da Vinci system. The Xi can be used across a wide spectrum of minimally invasive surgical procedures, including general surgery, ENT, urology, gynecology and cardiac.
The da Vinci Xi's advanced technology uses four robotic arms to take surgery beyond the limits of the human hand. This provides surgeons with greater precision, control and access to hard-to-reach areas, allowing complex operations to be performed through just a few small incisions.
The Xi also can perform multi-quadrant surgery without needing to be re-positioned. This allows surgeons to perform more complex procedures.
For patients, the benefits are numerous, beginning with less pain and fewer side effects. The da Vinci Xi provides smaller incisions, less blood loss, reduced risk of infection, shorter hospital stays and a quicker return to normal activities.
|
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Historic Video: Bermuda Easter Lily Farm
It was once said Bermuda was known as "The Easter Isle" for a million good reasons — that was the estimated size of the island's annual crop of lilies when the industry was at its peak.
This historic video was shot during the Easter season in the 1920s at the farm of Malcolm Hollis – then one of Bermuda's most prominent lily growers and exporters.
He was born in November, 1885 the son of Mr. and Mrs. William Aldgate Hollis.
Mr. Hollis farmed extensively in many parts of Bermuda for over 50 years and was active right up until the time he died.
His first farming endeavour was when he and his brother Ross took a dinghy and a barrel of potatoes to Cooper's Island and rented it for a year or so and transported their crops back and forth to St. George's and St. David's by boat.
Scenes of Easter lily farm and other Bermuda sequences begin at the 3:19 mark
During the First World War [1914-18], his farm was situated where the current St. David's Primary School is located and which before that was well known as Bermuda's Pilot Station.
During the war years this farm provided victuals for soldiers stationed at the St. David's Head. It was during this period that Mr. Hollis commenced lily growing.
Following the end of the First World War, the Government of the day decided to compulsorily purchase that farm from Mr. Hollis to turn it into an isolation hospital.
Mr. Hollis then moved to a farm further to the west in St. David's and known as the Beehive Farm which he farmed again until that property was compulsorily purchased during the Second World War to be leased to the US for the construction of Fort Bell [later Kindley Air Force Base and the US Naval Air Station].
Mr. Hollis then concentrated his farming at his farm in Smith's Parish between Harrington Sound and Knapton Hill and known as Harrington Harrissii Farm.
Image from the film shot at Malcolm Hollis' lily farm
Both before and after the Second World War Mr. Hollis exported all types of agricultural produce to the United States and exported lily flowers and bulbs to US, Canada, England, Europe and even Cuba.
In 1954 Mr. Hollis shipped 60 cases of lily bulbs to Robert Tucker & Company in London to be planted in London's famed Hyde Park.
Commercial production of the bulb began here in the mid-1800s and within a few decades Bermuda was routinely being referred to as "The Easter Lily Island" – or simply "The Easter Isle" – in American and Canadian newspapers.
Once one of the island's largest industries, in the 20th century Bermudian lily growers could not hope to compete with American farmers whose landholdings sometimes exceeded the island's total acreage.
In the late 1920s and early '30s Bermuda's agricultural sector began to decline even as the new luxury resort tourism industry started to blossom and by the 1970s the lily industry was all but defunct.
Vintage postcard highlighting Bermuda's reputation as "The Easter Lily Island"
Historical Video: Duke & Duchess In Bermuda
Lecture To Explore African Bermudian History
Historical Video: Journey To Destination Bermuda
Video: Theatre Boycott Anniversary Celebrated
Video: Vintage 1970s Bermuda Travel Show
History: Ship Fire That Threatened Hamilton
#AgricultureFarming #BermudaBlackHistory #BermudaHistory #Easter #EasterLilies #HistoricalVideos
Category: All, History, Videos
Dee Dee says:
Sigh! Bermuda! Now you see only sprinkles of easter lilies but never on this scale again.
« PLP: Overseas Ferry Charter Is 'Very Disturbing'
"Norwegian Breakaway" Captain Announced »
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Take a break from knit and crochet projects and do a simple yarn craft for a change of pace or to enjoy time with the kids. This pair of snowmen would add a note of sparkle and craftiness to your tree, the mantel, a holiday wreath or any room in your home.
Ornament measures 6" (15 cm) tall.
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Bridgend01656 656 861
Treorchy01443 775 000
Solicitors in Bridgend
Solicitors in Treorchy
Trust and Estate Numbers Dip for Fifth Consecutive Year
HM Revenue and Customs have reported a decline in the number of trusts and estates in the UK for the fifth year in a row.
Between 2018 and 2019, the total number of trusts and estates in the UK fell by 2 per cent to 151,000. The wealth management vehicles have been in steady decline, with numbers decreasing by 32 per cent over the past 14 years.
The total tax bill on trusts and estates in 2018/19 was £1.43 billion, with an equal split between Income Tax and Capital Gains Tax. This figure represents a 7 per cent increase on the previous year.
The continuing decline in trust and estate numbers has been attributed to an influx of tax and regulatory changes in recent years.
Further information can be found on the GOV.UK website.
To speak to one of our experts please get in touch
The contents of this article are intended for general information purposes only and shall not be deemed to be, or constitute legal advice. We cannot accept responsibility for any loss as a result of acts or omissions taken in respect of this article.
Tax and Financial Planning
Trust, Wills and Probate
General Private Client
Lexcel
Solicitors for the elderly
The sale of my property was dealt with professionally and with patience. Your customer service is second to none and I would have no hesitation in using you again and recommending RLE Law to anyone.
Zoe Clarke - Property Sale
I now feel happy and contented that my affairs have been put in order and the concerns I came to you with have been resolved.
Teresa Power - Will
I am very satisfied with the service RLE Law have provided. They are very professional and I would definitely use them again.
Jane Anderson - Probate
My advisor really put me at ease and explained eveything at each stage of the proceedings as I was very nervous. This has been the best service I have had from a legal office.
Anne Rees - Divorce
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The challenge of signing wills during Covid 19; and how we are dealing with it
4 Derwen Road
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Treorchy
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© RLE Law. All rights reserved. Authorised and regulated by the Solicitors Regulation Authority SRA No 545984
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The Myth Of Nigerian Mobile Payments Monopoly
"The unbanked have been unbanked for a very long time and there is a reason why they remain that way. Banks have been around for centuries and there is a reason why they don't have everyone as customers" –
The statement above was made by a speaker at the recent Mobile Money Connected World event in Dubai. It sparked a lot of debate between bankers and non-bankers like me and it was a healthy debate where everyone gained some knowledge and insight into each other's industry.
Tunde Lemo a Deputy Governor at the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has excellent credentials and has had my respect for a long time. He was brought into the CBN at a time banking was being ruined by bureaucrats who were out of touch with the industry they were regulating. He has done well for his primary constituency "the banking industry" and continues to do well for them by protecting them against impostors like the telcos and others.
The first time I heard that he made a definitive statement about the mobile payments framework in Nigeria was at the AITEC banking conference in Nairobi last year. He was said to have pronounced that the Kenyan model where Safaricom is dominant will NEVER be allowed in Nigeria. I found it strange at that time that such a highly respected figure was making definitive statements about an industry still in its infancy. He was not having a debate, he was making a pronouncement. I thought that maybe he was misinterpreted the first time as I was not there while he was making the statement. I however heard him again the second time loud and clear when it was widely reported in the media that he said and I quote:
"We cannot licence telcos to be operators of mobile money because they lack the capacity to do so. What we are doing in Nigeria is to licence mobile money operators and then ask them to go and discuss with the telco who will provide them (licenced operators) with the technological platform for their business.
" licencing telcos as mobile money operators would bring untold hardships to consumers as the mobile operators could hold the economy to ransom. "It is like this, they (telcos) have the technology to drive the mobile money business. What will happen if they are licenced is that they would make it extremely difficult for the other operators using their platforms optimally because they would seen as competing operators."
"the Kenyan experience was not a good model for Nigeria. "I am sure if the Kenyan central bank had to do it again, they would do it differently because what Mpesa has done is to create one big monopoly for the country. A single operator controls 90 per cent of that country's mobile money payment, is not really good enough for any economy."
MPesa may have its flaws but it has been successful and has been widely praised (and hyped) globally for the way it has transformed the East African economy. One thing that has to be made very clear is that MPesa is NOT a monopoly and monopolies are impossible to achieve in mobile payments or any utility without active collaboration by the regulators or governments. The most celebrated telco monopoly was AT&T in the United States and that was before mobile phone technology became prevalent. With current technology enabling IP telephony, MVNO models and Mobile Number Portability, a monopoly is almost impossible to achieve in telecommunications.
What is a Monopoly?
I do not make any pretensions to being an economist as my exposure to economics is limited to 2 semesters in my MBA, arguments in my MSc class and reading several journals like this one here on "The Myth of Natural Monopolies" by Thomas J DiLorenzo
From my pedestrian knowledge of economics, a monopoly is defined as:
"The exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a commodity or service."
Such exclusivity can come either from business combinations by the existing players to form a single entity or mandated by the government in the case of franchise utilities or concessions. The case for government mandated monopoly is based on the weak argument for "Natural Monopolies" which Thomas Dilorenzo insists do not really exist. One of those government created monopolies was recently enacted by the CBN - the National Central Switch. I gather that a memo was recently approved by Mr. Lemo himself instructing (not encouraging) all players to interconnect via the NCS.
I made the case for telcos in a previous post as the best organizations to help scale mobile money simply because the current experiment had not worked after one year. I also said that the infrastructure to enable mobile payments succeed in Nigeria is already in place as the telecommunications companies have put in a lot of investment to build it over the years. These same telecommunications companies are already doing a lot of micro-transactions in form of airtime transactions of immense magnitudes and that industry is currently the most competitive with winners being those who provide ubiquitous access and deliver the best service.
In Thomas DiLorenzo's argument against so called Natural Monopolies":, he reiterated the consensus amongst economists that:
"Large-scale, capital intensive production did not lead to monopoly, but was an absolutely desirable aspect of the competitive process. "
He also stated that:
"The word "process is important here. If competition is viewed as a dynamic, rivalrous process of entrepreneurship, then the fact that a single producer happens to have the lowest costs at any one point in time is of little or no consequence. The enduring forces of competition-including potential competition-will render free-market monopoly an impossibility"
He argues that regulators and governments knowingly or unwittingly create monopolies and not free markets. An example of such a monopoly being created in Nigeria is the National Central Switch. I now believe that it is a very bad idea.
Mpesa was never a monopoly but a very successful model that all others have tried to emulate in the emerging markets with varying degrees of success. The CBN as a regulator is also within its rights to make policies and provide the best framework that would improve the payments process in Nigeria but such policies should not be made out of imaginary assumptions but rather empirical evidence. The only people complaining about the success of MPesa in Kenya are the banks and not the customers. The banks have deliberately excluded a large proportion of the population from their services over the years because they could not justify the cost of infrastructure to enable micro transactions for such customers at scale. The telcos could do it and they did very well while at the same time competing with each other. A lot of economists actually argue that large-scale production and economies of scale should ideally be seen as a competitive virtue, not a monopolistic vice
What is an Oligopoly?
An oligopoly is a market form in which a market or industry is dominated by a small number of sellers (oligopolists).A general lack of competition can lead to higher costs for consumers"
Banking in Nigeria after multiple consolidations is becoming an Oligopoly. The same bankers control the successful switching companies as they support their own and kill others. In my opening statement I mentioned that the unbanked have remained that way for a reason and that reason is simple, they provide lower margins to the bankers as the cost of reaching them does not justify the investment in infrastructure requirements.
The infrastructure problem
Telcos and Banks can never fairly compete for access to the unbanked because while both industries have their own infrastructure, the telcos have indeed deployed the infrastructure to reach these people at the bottom of the pyramid while the bankers have concentrated on the higher layers. Telecommunications enjoys the benefits of economies of scale while banking thrives on protectionist policies and exploitation.
Telecommunications itself is a capital intensive industry and the single most effective barrier to entry by competitors had been infrastructure costs. That model is also rapidly evolving as the regulator encourages shared services and puts in place measures like number portability to ensure that customers are not boxed in. Telecommunications is dynamic and evolving, the real question should be why is banking not evolving the same way? Why is the regulator not actively encouraging shared services and infrastructure? It seems the regulator's policies protect a few players at the detriment of the general public. Free market policies will actually help change the face of banking and ensure that bankers themselves realize the need for investment in infrastructure.
The telecommunications industry itself was a victim of the flawed banking model in Nigeria. I remember when the licenses for GSM operators were being issued, the local banks were lukewarm players as they did not take an active role in the investment process. The decision was justified at that time because telco funding requirements dwarfed the capitalization of most Nigerian banks around then. They also felt it was a risky and unproven terrain and made tepid attempts at syndicating capital.
I remember how difficult it was to raise a loan of 7 Million Naira for the operating offices of Econet Wireless Nigeria when I was involved in the startup stage of that project. I had to get members of the board to provide guarantees of exclusivity for collections from dealers to get simple loans from a local bank. It then made sense for the companies to seek investment from outside Nigeria. When the telecommunications companies became successful, there was a rush by the banks to handle their cash. The real fight between telcos and banks in payments is about cash and float, it is not about service or market share.
It can be argued that the CBN's directive to banks to divest from other non-core activities would raise professionalism in the industry, it has however put more pressure on the banks to control what they seem is their turf from others. It should however be made clear that payments is not banking, it is a service that can be offered by the banks in conjunction with others. All successful payments initiatives have the backing of the banks but are actually not led by them. Visa or MasterCard are not owned by any bank but are service companies.
I do not believe that the ex-post attempt at the rationalization of CBN's decisions based on the fear of monopoly can be justified in any way because the telecommunications industry in Nigeria has a strong regulator who prevents such practices. Nigeria is not America where the regulator granted AT&T monopoly status. One telco appears dominant because the investors have put in a bit more resources. Granted that Telcos are not interested in payments for totally altruistic reasons, the competitive dynamics already at play in mobile payments will actually be in favor of the smaller telcos than the larger ones as they continue the process of scrambling for market share. The smaller telcos would actually have more at stake as they bring new innovations to the market and try to tip the balance. This is a dynamic process.
It would be in the interest of both regulators to work together to draw up an all-inclusive framework that is not based of the fear of the unknown but deterministic expected outcomes. The framework for mobile payments in Nigeria should concentrate on service and not players. Licensing and regulation should not become a vindictive exercise for the banks to try to get back at the telecommunications companies or protect turf; it should be an exercise that takes into consideration the actual needs of the common man in the street. I respectfully disagree with the monopoly argument by Mr Lemo and the CBN and I think the framework needs a review.
*Thomas J. DiLorenzo is professor of economics at the Sellinger School of Business and Management, Loyola College.
His text quoted liberally in this post was published in
The Review of Austrian Economics Vol. 9,No. 2 (1996): 43-58
Thoughts On Barcamp Accra December 2012
For a while now, it had seemed to me that all the exciting tech community activity in Ghana was happening outside Accra. There seemed to be a lot going on in Kumasi (home of KNUST) and Cape Coast and I have seriously considered setting up something in Kumasi to tap into this pool of talent. When BarCamp Accra was announced, it was a big relief as it gave an opportunity to meet firsthand with those in my neck of the woods.
First problem I found was that a lot of people who should have been aware were not. My brother-in-law is a big time techie in government and ideally should have been a sponsor of such an event but he was busy planning his own private party at home. I had to drag him kicking and screaming to the venue. He also had friends in the industry doing exciting things locally but they also were not aware of the event when I told them about it later at the party. It seems not many techies in Ghana have caught the Twitter bug.
I had never been to Methodist University before and it was a good thing I was dragging my wife and her brother along but it still took a while to find the venue. I got there late but it was a pleasant surprise to see people like Herman Chinery-Hesse talking at one of the breakout sessions. Herman used to be my wife's boss and a local pioneer of indigenous tech activity. The venue however could have been better as it was far from what I had expected. It made me realize the gap between tertiary education in Sub-Saharan Africa and other parts of the world. My old secondary school had better chairs and classrooms.
I quickly joined Herman's breakout group (which was naturally the largest) and was impressed by the frank and open questions being asked by the guys around. It may also have had a lot to do with Herman's own distinct style of not pulling punches but this was a different set of people from the shy cohort I have had to work with at some times in Ghana. Some of the local techies in the past had me almost pulling my hair out in frustration as they made (mostly wrong) assumptions on a lot of issues and never asked questions. These guys here were eager to learn and Herman was eager to share his own experience and knowledge.
One of the biggest problems we have with learning and knowledge sharing in Africa is our pedagogical models reinforced by a culture that encourages it. We see the older people as wiser ones who should never be questioned even when we have our doubts. Asking questions or arguing with elders was always frowned upon, as it was a sign of disrespect or poor upbringing. It also has led us into deep holes of ignorance as it never allowed us to learn properly. The boundaries of knowledge are increased when we question assumptions and in Africa, most assumptions are never questioned so they subsequently become a fabric of the culture.
The older generation learned from those before them and they pass on these practices along without question and the rate of change is slow. I found the Ghanaian society to be less turbulent because of this conservatism but in the age of the Internet, conservatism has no place. If you don't question assumptions, you will not innovate. It was therefore huge relief when I found people asking questions instead of just sitting down and taking in Herman's sermon. Some of the questions were silly but were valid questions by people who were not ashamed to show that they did not know and wanted to learn and it was a good thing. In Nigeria, I found that in similar scenarios, a lot of people asking those questions would do it in a manner where they try to show off more of what they think they know than to readily admit what they do not know. Ego is a huge problem in African tech.
The two extremes, conservatism and egotism have to give way for true learning and innovation to happen. I remember my first day at a Harvard Executive Education Program, Professor Tom De-Long told us that to get the most from the course, we had to leave all our previous assumptions about management at the door before we walked in and open our minds to learn. We came out of that course knowing more about what we do not know than any reinforcement of what we thought we knew. Innovation in tech should also follow the same path; both mentors and entrepreneurs should never assume to know it all or assume any other person has all the answers. The thoroughfare to innovation is an inquisitive mind.
BarCamp Accra gave me hope again for the next generation of African techies. Leaning comes from asking a lot of questions and they were asking plenty. I am also happy that people like Herman are involved in the community; his frank and opinionated views are required to get people thinking and not following. A guy asked him there openly if he could come to his office to just sit and learn and he responded asking what the guy had to offer in return? We are building business communities here, as technology is a business and not a charity. That message also needs to be drummed into the Ghanaian tech community where a lot of so-called "social entrepreneurs" are springing up fed by NGO Kool Aid.
Thanks to Ato Ulzen-Appiah(@abocco) and his crew for the effort but a better venue (with Internet) will be preferred next time and we will provide our own contribution when asked to make that happen. There is a revolution happening in Ghana and the world will soon feel it, not just hear about it.
88MPH Demo Day Nairobi - A Great Day For Beer Drinking, Networking, Learning And "PDA"
I attended the last Demo Day organized by the 88mph startup accelerator in Nairobi yesterday and had a swell time. The location of the accelerator is probably the best place in Africa! By location, I don't mean Nairobi the city but rather being located the same building where the best beer I have ever tasted on the continent is brewed. We all know that Starbucks Coffee and beer largely power tech entrepreneurship in places like Silicon Valley, Brew Bistro and Lounge (my favourite and adopted Nairobi hangout) provides both food and drinks in the same building as 88mph.
Brew Bistro is run by http://thebigfivebreweries.com/ and they provided a lot beer at the event. A pub run by a brewery with fresh beer flowing is always a winner. They actually brew it right on the premises.
Sometimes it seemed people were more interested in beer and networking than the startups. People spoke freely as alcohol flowed even more copiously; it probably allowed most of us to ignore the fact that the list of startups doing demos was a tad underwhelming. Frankly with all the fanfare, I expected really innovative ideas but a lot of them were more like recycled Western and local models. A few were outstanding and I am sure things will get better with time.
In my opinion, the only truly awesome startup at the event was Mdundo.com a revolutionary African music distribution venture.
Gamsole from Nigeria was also pleasant surprise. and I had a chat with them after the pitch where they mentioned stuff to me I did not hear previously. I liked their tenacity and willingness to learn more but they need to review their model. My belief is that the future of gaming is social and multiplayer not single player downloads. There were others that were so bad that they could not answer simple questions about the valuation they placed on their company. Presenting a pitch to raise $50m means being at your best form and if you can't give straight answers when asked, it means you either don't understand the reason for the pitch and have a long way to go. I will talk more about my experiences with startups at the event (awesome, great and not so great) in subsequent posts.
LESSONS ON BUILDING AFRICAN STARTUP ACCELERATORS
The most important lesson I learned yesterday was that building an Accelerator or even the larger project of growing the tech ecosystem is not a part-time affair. The guys at 88Mph are are devoted to the accelerator (and Brew Bistro) 1000%. That has been the greatest mistake we have made at Afrinnova and Open Garage. It will DEFINITELY change in January 2013, opening a bar or lounge nearby may also help. Seriously, the guys at Amplify.la (in Los Angeles) always tell me, "an Accelerator is also a startup" and it deserves to be incubated or nurtured carefully. You cannot outsource it. It is not about hiring and firing but putting all your passion in it the same way you would do for any startup or growing enterprise.
I used to think that because we had an "unconventional approach", things would happen just like that as there was pent up demand. I was wrong. For startup ventures in Africa there is quantity and not quality. The noise to signal ratio is very very high. It also explained why the 88Mph Demo Day line-up was underwhelming. What I have learned in the past year is that getting people who do not know each other to work together in Africa is the biggest hurdle. Building African tech communities depend on deeper ties and a great foundation. We discovered that probably the only way you get great teams who work well is if they all started from school. If you take a sample of the best teams around Africa, they all started out as friends in school and had a common purpose from the beginning. Getting hustlers together to form a community is a disaster.
African seed stage accelerators should ideally be in schools. Gbenga Sesan's effort with TENT deserves special commendation as it encourages entrepreneurship at that level. The schools already need a lot of help as Olabinjo Adeniran highlighted in his latest post. Having accelerators inside them will do everyone a lot of good.
Tomorrow I will try to visit HiveCoLab in Kampala, Tuesday it will be ccHUB in Lagos and I am not only learning but also building relationships with entrepreneurs and investors all over Africa. In the past year, that has only been something I do as a secondary outcome of my business visits to clients and partners. This will now change.
THE "PUBLIC DISPLAY OF ALTRUISM" MENANCE
Another thing that struck me after my visit to Nairobi and interacting once again with the tech community is that there are still a lot of people hung up telling the world how their venture or organization is also founded on principles of social impact. It even crept into some of the presentations by the startups and it made me cringe each time anyone mentioned it. This public display of altruism (PDA) makes me more worried about the future and gives little comfort.
I love Africa and I am one of the biggest advocates of progress in the continent and YES, I am also a "cynical punk" and "hardcore capitalist" who does not sugarcoat the obvious. There are some things that must be said for the benefit of everyone while others struggle to avoid the apparent truth. If you want to do good stuff for your community, just shut up and do it not brag about it.
I sometimes wonder why can't we be very Machiavellian about tech in Africa and say the real truth that we all really want to make money for all parties involved. All parties including entrepreneurs and investors are there not just to save Africa but to get groceries on their table and the rent or mortgage paid. A few get lucky and become philanthropists but the underlying fact is that you don't grow great companies by thinking of social impact first or flaunting your credentials as a possible Saint. Bill Gates became a phialtropist only after Microsoft was a success and Pierre Omidyar could not have been one if eBay was not successful.
Social impact is an important by product of growing a tech ecosystem and should not be the primary motive. Excellence and merit is what builds great ecosystems not donor funding. If we keep getting hung up on social issues, we will miss the point of it all. Growth and excellence comes when we create efficiencies and new markets and not from compounding mediocrity. Collaboration and building communities work best when all parties are truthful that they will also gain from it.
I will say it openly here and you can quote me; trying to run a startup by claiming that it is solely because of purported altruistic motives is a scam. You will not get canonized by the Catholic Church for pretending to do it from the good of your heart so enough of this PDA. I actually get edgy when someone starts from this angle and they remind me of used car salesmen.
I believe hubs/accelerators/incubators etc have two purposes
To make lots of money for everyone while building communities and ecosystem or
Just become a location where a collection of tech enthusiasts gather for the sake of the tech itself and have fun at it while also growing the ecosystem.
Personally, I am interested (as part of Afrinnova) in growing the local ecosystem because I hope to make a lot of money while helping awesome local startups to scale across Africa. I am motivated primarily by longer-term survival and sustainability for the ecosystem because of ventures I have in it and not any high hopes of becoming the next Nelson Mandela or Fred Swaniker. Those great men did not talk to everyone about doing it, they just did it.
Two people have said things in the past that I did not realize made a lot of sense until yesterday. Kwame Luke is Sierra Leonean co-founder at Afrinnova; he really gets pissed at self-appointed (or is it anointed?) "Saints" in technology who pretend that they are do-gooders but surreptitiously using funds from donors to support their lifestyle. He says these same people quickly become hardcore capitalists when it suits them revealing their true intentions. He used to work with a lot of them and he knows what he is saying. Jason Njoku (Founder of Iroko) puts it less eloquently and calls them "bloody fake hippies".
I don't know if it was the "Brew Bistro" beer that sharpened all my senses but I could smell the bullshit all around. At a point I had to ask a guy if he realized he was talking to a Nigerian? He quickly got the message and avoided me for the rest of the evening. "Hippies" may have built Silicon Valley but capitalists now run it. I think for Africa, we have wasted enough time and should skip the hippie stage altogether.
Yes we must build communities, yes we must collaborate but we can only do that if it suits our primal objectives. There will always be Darwinists and hardcore capitalists and I am not their best friend either but at least they are honest about their intentions. PDA scammers are the scum of the earth.
Dee Hock the founder of Visa says and I quote yet again:
"Community is composed of that we don't attempt to measure, for which we keep no record and ask no recompense. Most are things we cannot measure no matter how hard we try – such things as respect, tolerance, love, trust, beauty – the supply of which is unlimited. The nonmonetary exchange of value does not arise solely from altruistic motives. It arises from deep, intuitive, often subconscious understanding that self-interest is inseparably connected with community interest; that individual good is inseparable from the good of the whole; that in some way, often beyond our understanding, all things are, at one and the same time, independent, interdependent, and intradependent…
Without an abundance of nonmaterial values, and an equal abundance of nonmonetary exchange of material value, no true community ever existed and never will. Community is not about profit. It is about benefit."
Nairobi is an awesome place and everyone who is doing something positive there also enjoys a great time.They should make no apologies for that or try to hide behind the veil of PDA. Others outside Nairobi are beginning to also follow the same path as well. In Ghana, some techies I know are in it more for donor money than anything else and the first thing you hear when they pitch is "social impact". A guy in our office started building yet another education app for the last Google Apps developer challenge and I asked him how it would scale? He started talking about social impact and funding, I killed the project and replaced it with a commercial one. I also heard this interview of one of the founders of Wennovation Hub in Nigeria today, it started out very great when he talked about their focus on getting local investors involved (I believe in that 100%), when he started making the social impact pitch, he lost me as part of the audience as I switched off.
To be candid, I will not reject any money from an investor who genuinely cares about local growth especially if they decide they are doing it from the good of their heart and not expecting abnormal returns. They most likely have met their objective by just giving it to the entity they believe will spend it wisely. Most of the time there is due diligence and monitoring but some NGOs or social impact investors still directly or indirectly perpetuate the problem. It seems there is a glut of this type of money around and it is not bringing out all the best but more of the noisier mediocre bunch.
As Eghosa Omoigui of EchoVC reiterated and I completely agree, "investor funds of ANY kind are not meant to fund lifestyle but to generate returns" Those returns can be in any form but have to be measured empirically to make sense. I am also an investor and entrepreneur and I know what money can do when spent wisely. Returns on social impact investments are harder to measure and it makes it easier for the unscrupulous to hide their true motives. What I really abhor is entrepreneurs pitching social impact as a way to score cheap points in a demo day. If they are that desperate then they don't deserve ANY money from ANYONE.
Thanks again to 88Mph for an awesome event yesterday, the networking was worth much more than the pitching and they should probably do more events with Brew Bistro beer flowing. That is my last shameless Bistro plug in this blog and I hope they compensate me with a barrel next time I am in Nairobi.
Payments At 38,000 Feet
A couple of days ago I was on an Emirates flight between two continents for at least 11 hours and to catch up on work I used their onboard Internet service "OnAir ". This was not the first time I had used this service on Emirates or any airline for that matter. I have tried "Gogo" on American Airlines domestic flights between New York and San Francisco, also on Virgin America. What made this experience memorable was that I was able to pay for it in less than 3 seconds and my payment was validated even as I was moving in a vessel at close to the speed of sound at 38,000 feet above the ground. For some reason this time, the payment bit stuck in my mind.
We have been working as consultants on transactions platforms for 10 years and I know how hard it is to make things work for people who are just walking around with cell phones. The recent experience made me realize the importance of card associations and the role they play in facilitating global transactions and connections. The transaction did not require any exotic interface, all it required was my name, card number and validation code (all available on a piece of plastic), I was online in seconds.
In one of my sessions, the service got interrupted because of turbulence and I got refunded also in an instant. I even got an email notification to confirm it. All the complexity in getting the transaction fulfilled happened in the background on a platform built to handle it.
VisaNet or the MasterCard Network never fail to amaze me, yet when people talk about all the innovations in payments like Square, Stripe even Paypal with all the new bells and whistles they fail to realize the importance of this global infrastructure to making everything already happen in the background. I guess we are all like kids in payments looking for shiny new toys but ignoring the old reliable playground.
MPesa is a success in Africa because it enabled a huge mass of people to carry out transactions between themselves with a ubiquitous channel but let us not kid ourselves, all those people are all still within a closed loop. All the innovations around MPesa will remain hard to scale as long as they remain within this closed loop. Even current attempts at interoperability between payment schemes in some countries have had limited success as the players are more interested in providing this functionality as just another feature rather than an integral part of opening up their platforms to a wider ecosystem.
Visa and MasterCard are global successes because they help to provide a common standard that is universally acceptable and globally verifiable. The banks still own the customers but the merchant does not need to know which bank the customer has his account with or vice versa, all they do is depend on the card association to perform the settlement. All parties trust the card association to perform this function quickly and also to mediate in any dispute. Visa or Mastercard put their brand at stake on every transaction and assume all responsibility. That trust relationship is what companies like Square and others are trying to replicate but with newer technology and less friction.
Building a similar trust relationship using mobile payments in Africa has been hard because there has been no common denominator or arbiter between parties irrespective of the payment scheme or operator. Companion cards to mobile wallets provided by some players end up as just an alternative means to perform "cash outs" rather than really extend the functionality of the mobile wallets in the ecosystem. Even attempts at integrating mobile wallets diectly to existing merchant platforms hang on the thread because of this issue of trust.
I had an epiphany on that flight; the only way to get mobile payments to truly scale all around is to provide the same trust relationships between all parties in a scalable and ubiquitous manner. It really should not matter who provides the customer with the wallet, as long as it conforms to a particular standard, payment can be accepted. Current aggregation models fall short when it comes to building that ubiquitous level of trust between all parties and will only remain niche solutions because they focus on the interface and not the relationships. They are only increasing the size of the closed loop and don't integrate well with the larger ecosystem.
The mobile wallet is just another location to store electronic value and should easily be linked to other repositories of value to allow easy flow in an ecosystem. If that functionality is not natively available then we are just trying to reinvent the wheel by adding new layers of complexity.
Mobile has a huge advantage over card payments, as there are many ways to verify that authorized parties have performed a transaction. Location data cannot be repudiated and one time passwords or validation codes can be generated and sent on the fly. It is very obvious that the future of the card associations is in mobile and all what has been happening so far is just a preamble. A partner from Egypt who sold his payment company to one of the card associations told me a year ago that there was very little room for small players in payments and I argued with him then but now I believe him. It seems that in payments there is a food chain, the fast will eat the slow but the big will eat up everyone else. Visa acquired Fundamo last year and made some other strategic alliances to confirm this.
There is a lot of racket around about NFC and contactless payments using mobile devices but there was nothing an NFC equipped mobile device could have done for me at 38,000 feet. Granted that there are different use cases and not everybody flies on airplanes or even use the Internet as they do, the bottom line is that the underlying trust relationship the card associations provide at scale will be very hard to replicate without also working with them. All NFC players are extending the card associations functionality and not disrupting or replacing them.
To replicate the trust relationships these existing global payment organizations have in place will mean collaboration on an unprecedented level between current players who already only see themselves as adversaries. Regulators cannot enforce interoperability especially where operators see their closed loops as turf providing competitive advantage. Settlement or switching institutions can only act as facilitators only after standards have been established.
My bet is that the next wave of successful mobile payment initiatives will have interoperability woven deeply into their DNA and the card associations will provide the infrastructure to make this happen from the day of launch. The standards for mobile payments will once again be set by those who have successfully done it for global card payments. That is unless Google comes along to ruin the party.
The guys from MasterCard said it at the last Carte Africa event in Morocco, their biggest fear is Google and Google is coming. I still think Google have no choice but to work with the card associations, as they will be around for a very long time. I did not use Google Wallet at 38,000 feet, I used Visa.
A Tale Of Two Queues - The Knowledge Gap
I was at the immigration queue at JFK yesterday which was especially long as it was an Emirates flight. Each person had to be given "special treatment" by the TSA. The time we spent on the queue allowed me to learn a lot more about the people around me from the conversations they were having.
Four young South Africans in front of me were having a rather animated discussion about a lot of things ranging from encryption to sub-atomic particles. I saw a couple of Google Nexus 7 tablets with them as they were talking about Google's encryption protocols and also Bosons, Leptons, Fermions and Quarks. I probably got more education just from eavesdropping in that conversation than I have had from years following and seeing chatter from my mostly Sub-Saharan African friends in social media.
It happened that they were from the University of Cape Town and were on a exchange/internship program named "Cultural Vistas". I took out my iPad there on the queue and Googled it then became part of their conversation too. This is a program I think a lot of young people in Sub-Saharan Africa should be part of and I think even working in other parts of Africa will be a great idea as well.
This brings me to the second queue in Dubai where we were waiting for a taxi at Dubai Mall after the movie theatre had closed. There were some young Nigerians in front of me and their conversation was mostly about fashion, Nollywood and music....
It may have been wrong timing and it may also be unfair generalization but overhearing the conversations from two different sets of young people on both queues got me thinking if our real problems in Sub-Saharan Africa are not the same that is plaguing Black America? Chris Rock said Shaquille O'Neal is "rich" but the guy who pays his salary weekly is "wealthy". At the rate we are going, the South Africans will keep paying us our salaries, they already pay mine. The young South Africans were on the Cultural Vistas program to seek more knowledge and experience while the Nigerians were in Dubai to shop for clothes for the new academic session.
While we were undergrads and shortly before our graduation in 1988, my late friend Obi Osakwe whom we fondly knew as "Obi Live" made a prophetic statement. He said that if we keep drinking beer and chasing after young women, we would be helping to increase the gap between the developed and developing world. He further explained that an 18 year old American or European probably had visited several countries and knew how to fly a plane but all we knew then was how to drink a lot of beer and get under the skirts of the ladies very quickly. He was a very handsome and outgoing fellow so he knew very much what he was talking about. He challenged us to do something different and it made me think of a career in technology rather than banking or accounting, which were the fad professions at that time.
The knowledge gap is increasing and sadly "Obi Live" did not live long enough to see his prophecy come true. He died in a road accident shortly after graduiation. We lost a visionary and a potentially great leader. When I speak at the Paradigm Initiative Nigeria's TENT gathering at Ife next month, I will be reminding everyone of Obi's warning. I see hope in the new generation but they just have to be exposed to other things beyond fads.
My friend Andrew Turpin a South African living in Pretoria and one of the founders of House4Hack.co.za (together with his father Andrew Turpin Snr) built an airplane from scratch and flies it. Details here. I am still battling with flight simulators and I'm here in the USA on Black Friday to look for bargains on equipment.
Obi Live was right, we should have left the beer and girls alone.
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Does anyone know the colour codes for the beige interior?
I got to do some touch-ups and can't seem to find them on the internet.
look in the technical section on here. I dont know if these are the option codes or the paint codes.
|
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Diana Wilkin has joined the media brokerage and investment banking firm Patrick Communications as partner.
Wilkin has over 20 years of experience in broadcasting and has served in senior management positions with both affiliated television station groups as well as two broadcast television networks.
"She brings great experience, tremendous relationships throughout the industry and a keen understanding of both owners and the television station market," said Managing Partner Larry Patrick.
Wilkin is currently the managing partner of Twelve 24 Media, a consulting firm serving investment banks and media companies. She held the position of president of affiliate relations for CBS Network until 2014. Prior to CBS, she was VP/GM for various network-affiliated stations with Clear Channel Television and other groups across the U.S. in large and small markets. Additionally, she was a senior executive with the Fox Network in affiliate relations and ran Fox Net, the network's first cable service.
Patrick Communications has offices in Maryland and Florida.
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One Hundred-and-Twenty-Sixth Supplemental Emergency Declaration - Extension of Executive Orders 20-37, 20-107 and 21-04
WHEREAS, on May 21, 2020, Executive Order 20-37 was issued to increase state COVID-19 response capacity and that Order has also been extended until March 11, 2021;
WHEREAS, on December 16, 2020, Executive Order 20-107 was issued to suspend qualified jobs incentive tax credit certification period and that Order has also been extended until March 11, 2021; and
WHEREAS, on January 14, 2021, Executive Order 21-04 was issued on in-person learning at institutes of higher education and that Order has also been extended until March 11, 2021.
NOW, THEREFORE, I, DANIEL J. MCKEE, by virtue of the authority vested in me as Governor of the State of Rhode Island, pursuant to Article IX of the Rhode Island Constitution and the Rhode Island General Laws, including, but not limited to, Title 30, Chapter 15, and Title 23, Chapter 8, do hereby extend the following Executive Orders:
Executive Order 20-37 (Thirty-Fourth Supplemental Emergency Declaration - Increasing State COVID-19 Response Capacity).
Executive Order 20-107 (Hundred-and-Second Supplemental Emergency Declaration - Suspending Qualified Jobs Incentive Tax Credit Certification Period).
Executive Order 21-04 (One Hundred and Tenth Supplemental Emergency Declaration - In-Person Learning at Institutes of Higher Education).
This Executive Order shall take effect immediately and remain in full force and effect until April 9, 2021 unless renewed, modified or terminated by subsequent Executive Order.
|
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Avino Silver & Gold Mines Ltd. (ASM: TSX/NYSE American, GV6: FSE, "Avino" or "the Company") is pleased to report that at the Annual General and Special Meeting of shareholders of the Company held on May 24, 2018, all resolutions proposed to shareholders were duly passed. 24,087,684 common shares of the Company, representing approximately 45.62% of the Company's issued and outstanding common shares as at the record date, were voted.
According to proxies received and votes conducted by a show of hands, the ordinary resolutions of shareholders regarding the approval of the 2018 10% Rolling Stock Option Plan were passed by a majority of shareholders as follows.
According to proxies received and votes conducted by a show of hands, the ordinary resolutions of shareholders regarding the approval of the 2018 Restricted Share Unit Plan were passed by a majority of shareholders as follows.
The Board of Directors appreciate the support of our shareholders.
"Neither the Toronto Stock Exchange ("TSX") nor its Regulation Services Provider (as that term is defined in the policies of the TSX) accepts responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this news release.
|
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(function() {
'use strict';
angular
.module("canon.button.group")
.directive("canonButtonGroup", canonButtonGroup);
canonButtonGroup.$inject = ['requestCountfactory'];
/****** Loading Buttons Directive ******/
function canonButtonGroup(requestCountfactory) {
return {
restrict: "E",
transclude: true,
scope: {},
template: '<div class="canon-button-group"><ng-transclude></ng-transclude><i class="rs-processing-indicator" style="display:none"></i></div>',
link: function(scope, element) {
scope.requestCount = 0;
scope.$watch(function() {
return requestCountfactory.getRequestCount();
}, function(requestCount) {
scope.requestCount = requestCount;
if (requestCount > 0) { //outstanding request present
disableElements(scope, element[0]); //de-reference to unwrap jQLite object
} else {
enableElements(scope, element[0]);
}
});
}
};
}
var disableElements = function(scope, element) {
$(element).find('a.rs-btn').not('.rs-btn-link').addClass('disabled').attr('disabled', 'disabled');
$(element).find('a.rs-btn-link').hide();
$(element).find('.rs-processing-indicator').show();
}
var enableElements = function(scope, element) {
$(element).find('a.rs-btn').removeClass('disabled').removeAttr('disabled');
$(element).find('a.rs-btn-link').show();
$(element).find('.rs-processing-indicator').hide();
}
/****** End Loading Buttons Directive ******/
}());
|
{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaGithub"
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Zelma Long, Vilafonte winemaking partner interviewed in Wine Style magazine
Wine Style was fortunate to secure an interview with one of the iconic women in winemaking on one of her recent trips back to South Africa to finalise the blending of the Vilafonté 2012 vintage of Series M and Series C. Looking at her impressive CV you know that you will be meeting one of the most respected women in wine-making.
Vilafonté winemaking partner - Zelma Long
Last year, Zelma was voted "The Drinks Business" Top 50 Most Influential Women in the Wine World and can count former CEO of Simi (while it was owned by LVMH and Chief Enologist at the Robert Mondavi Winery as part of her winemaking past.
We asked her:
Why Vilafonté?
In 3 words, geology, geography, and site. Phil (husband Dr Phil Freese, Wine Growing Partner at Vilafonté) liked the soils he saw; old clays suffused with small pebbles. This combination would restrain the vines from excess growth and the clay would provide a source of moisture for the vines, but they would have to "work" to get it. After looking deep into the soils – physically, through soil pits throughout the site, he felt he could grow small vines that would each carry restricted but intensely flavoured fruit. Our 40 hectare site has a diversity of aspects, elevations, and soils, plus our four red varieties and all taken together gives diversity of flavors, very "layered" wines.
Finally, we have the cooling breezes of the maritime climate of the Cape. People ask how we chose to grow wines in the Cape; we say, "the Cape chose us" – after visiting it seemed that the confluence of characteristics were perfect for growing the great wines we hoped to achieve.
What is the best way to express the Vilafonté site in your 2 wines?
Several years of winemaking each individual hectare as a "stand alone" revealed the diversity of expression of the Bordeaux varietals on our property. The Cabernet and the Merlot each expressed two different styles: deep, concentrated wines, and opulent showy wines. I was concerned that blending them together, we would achive an "average" and lose the specific personality, so I suggested two wines, each highlighting a single style, and the Vilafonté Series wines were born.
Vilafonté Series C - all lined up
Series M showcases the wines with forward fruit, expressive, engaging aromas and fleshy textures. Experience has shown Series M is generally made from our Malbec, the fleshy Merlot, with some structured Merlot, and the Cabernet blocks that tend to be more open and opulent.
Its "alter ego", Series C, draws together the Cabernet blocks with deep, complex aromas, potent flavors and rich but firm tannins. Our powerful Merlots add some flesh, and elegant Cabernet Franc, finesse and fragrance.
What is your philosophy behind blending these two wines?
The site was chosen to grow wines of power and finesse. We attend to each hectare block of wine grapes as an individual, and due to differences of soil, aspect, etc, they are indeed each a specific personality. Then the challenge has been to tailor the winegrowing and winemaking to each to bring out its best qualities; I think of them like children in a classroom…helping each to reach its potential.
The job of blending is to find how they fit together to enhance, rather than overwhelm, or overlay, each other. We are looking for complementarity among the wines, not competition…using each to create a seamless, harmonious whole. I know from many years of blending that I favor wines that have a purity, a seamlessness, combined with a sense of depth; deep flavors that I can sense, and that over time will emerge, and hopefully explode into a mouthful of sensations. The blends when young, especially the Series C, have an underlying intensity that makes them restrained, with delicious fruit, but still restained, like a runner at the blocks, waiting for the signal to race forward…intense, powerful. And we want them to run the long race….provide pleasure over many years.
What is the most odd thing you have ever eaten?
In Spain, tiny braised baby eels, each with 2 eyes looking at me. I couldn't finish them.
Best place you've travelled to in the last 5 years
The Vilafonté vineyards
South Africa; it is extraordinary, as travelers around the world are discovering and we spend 2-3 months a year here.
Last wine you drank
A Chene Bleu 2007 Abelard, from a 60 year old Grenache and Syrah vineyard , belonging to a client of mine in the Rhone Valley of southern France.
Favourite musical artist?
In South Africa, artist Johann Louw….art is music to me
Elsewhere, David Hockney, for the same reason
You can have one date with anyone in the world, anywhere – who, where, and what will you be drinking?
I would like to have had a date with Linus Pauling, the great American scientist who won two Nobel prizes, one for science and one for peace. I would have met him in central Oregon where he was born, near my birthplace, to find out how he came to be who he was, and to do what he did. We would have met in his hometown, in a bar (cowboy country) probably over steak and beer.
Continue the sentence:
Spring…..forward.
Cats or dogs?
Both, and horses too.
Zelma Long, Vilafonte Winemaking Partner
Zelma Long, Vilafonte winemaking partner interview...
'Series M' 2005 gets a great review
Vilafonté winemaking partner Zelma Long presenting...
Creative energy well spent - Michael Fridjhon's ar...
Ten days to go till our official August library re...
Blending the exceptional 2013 Vilafonté wines befo...
|
{
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require 'rails/generators'
require 'generators/user_plane/view/helpers'
module UserPlane # :nodoc:
module Generators # :nodoc:
module View
class InvitesGenerator < Rails::Generators::NamedBase # :nodoc:
include UserPlane::Generators::View::Helpers
def copy_view_files
create_root_folder
view_for_resource :new, 'send_sign_up_invite', ['recipient:string']
#TODO: add a hidden field for the invite code
view_for_resource :edit, 'sign_up_with_invite', ['user_name:string',
'email:string',
'password:password',
'password_confirmation:password']
end
end
end
end
end
|
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I moan all the time. I moan that I have nothing to moan about. I have never bother to count how many times I complain a day, but it probably runs into 100's, which I have now discovered is a lot less then the rest of us. The average Brit moans 71 times a week – mainly about poor customer service, other drivers and cold callers, it has just emerged. Researchers who polled 2,000 adults found our love of a moan results in us grumbling at least 11 times every weekday and 16 times over the weekend.
It also emerged we will already have had three grumbles before we even leave the house in the morning. Other favoured topics include a weak internet connection, the boss and colleagues' bad habits.
The research was commissioned by the Legal Ombudsman to try and understand why more people don't make an official complaint when they experience poor customer service.The survey reveals that only 20 per cent of people would definitely make an official complaint if the service they received wasn't good enough; though three quarters would consider it.
Ombudsman, Darren Cox, said: ''Moaning or complaining might be a typically British thing to do, but some people still seem to bite their tongue when it comes to getting someone to actually do something about an issue.
During the week, many will be moaning or complaining about the lack of shows to watch on television, having to wait in a call queue and something their other half had said or recently done.
The relatives can often do something to set us off as they're also a topic Brits tend to moan or complain about regularly to their work mates. Although at the weekend, the nation becomes a little more stereotypically 'British' as the weather becomes the top moan across Saturday and Sunday.
And the volume of traffic makes our blood boil too as it's the second most common complaint we have at the end of the week. It usually always ends up being our first moan or complaint of the day too, followed by the weather and the alarm clock.
But overall, the biggest complaint we have with our lives is our job according to one in three British adults. In fact, Brits complain so much that more than three quarters have admitted to having a moan about other people moaning or complaining.
And the public will be sure to let those close to them know if they are unhappy with the way they have been treated by a person or business – even if they don't make a formal complaint.
The most common ways people will make an official complaint are by email, by phone or by letter, while one in seven will take to Twitter to broadcast their moan about a company.
Mr Cox added: ''It's interesting to see that in the days of social media, we're still using the traditional methods such as email or a phone call to complain. The Legal Ombudsman has the power to award up to £50,000 in financial compensation and is free for consumers who wish to complain about their legal service provider.
Previous PostDear Santa…Can I Have Botox For Christmas?
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Address19A Sinari Daranijo Street, off Ajose Adeogun Street, Victoria Island, Lagos, Nigeria.
Over the years we have developed to be the leading financial advisory company on the African continent. Specialising in International Investment Solutions, we are truly independent therefore you can rest assured that our unbiased advice will be tailor-made to protect your wealth.
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Fatigue is a complex state characterized by a lack of alertness and reduced mental and physical performance, often accompanied by drowsiness.
The Department of Public Safety is committed to reducing collisions caused by fatigued drivers.
Sleep loss is cumulative and builds a debt. Most people get to 1-1.5 hours less of sleep per night than what they need. People whose sleep was restricted four to five hours per night for one week, needed two full nights sleep to recover vigilance, performance and normal mood. How do you get out of sleep debt? Sleep!
Sleep is a vital need. One-third of our life should be spent asleep. The average person needs at least eight hours of sleep. Some people mistakenly feel they don't need a full night's sleep.
Make up for prior loss or disturbance using 1.5 - 3 hour sleep periods. Prevent or minimize sleepiness during work especially on night shifts by using 20-30 minute naps or "siesta sleep".
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NewsLaw and Justice
Italian Court Rejects Extradition of Former Venezuelan Oil Minister Rafael Ramírez
The ex-PDVSA chief, accused of corruption, said the ruling was based on his "refugee status." Venezuelan authorities have yet to comment.
rafael_ramirez.jpg
Rafael Ramírez fled to Italy after being singled out as the central figure of an extensive corruption plot that bled Venezuela's oil industry. (Reuters)
By Andreína Chávez Alava
Sep 23rd 2021 at 2.25pm
Rafael RamírezPDVSACorruption
Guayaquil, Ecuador, September 23, 2021 (venezuelanalysis.com) – Rome's Court of Appeals rejected Venezuela's request to extradite former Oil Minister Rafael Ramírez, who faces corruption charges allegedly committed during his 12-year tenure.
According to Ramírez's lawyer, Roberto De Vita, the court found he "needed international protection given the violation of human rights in Venezuela." The ruling was taken on September 14 but published six days later.
The decision overruled a previous favorable opinion for Ramírez's extradition by the Rome Appeals Court Attorney General, Roberto Cavallone. In early July, the Italian prosecutor argued that there were "no elements to indicate that the pending judicial process amounts to persecution for political reasons [or that] the procedure will not respect the accused's fundamental rights."
However, Ramírez's lawyers called on the Italian authorities to reject Cavallone's recommendation on the grounds that the former minister would face "political persecution" if sent back to Venezuela.
For his part, the former oil czar said that the sentence was "firm" and "could not be appealed." In a statement published on Twitter, the ex-minister, who also headed state oil company PDVSA, added that the Italian court based its decision on the "refugee status" given to him in July.
Ramírez went on to say that his defense was backed up by a recent report from the United Nations (UN) Human Rights Council's fact-finding mission which reiterated alleged "human rights violations" in the Caribbean country. Released on September 16, the document "denounces the complicit role played by the judiciary and Venezuela's attorney general's office in serious human rights violations that constitute crimes against humanity," he wrote.
The Venezuelan government could appeal to Italy's highest Court of Cassation, but the South American country's authorities have yet to react or announce further legal steps.
Ramírez served as Venezuela's oil minister from 2002 to 2014 and as PDVSA president between 2004 and 2014, under the Hugo Chávez and Nicolás Maduro governments. After his long tenure at the helm of the oil industry, he became economy vice president and ambassador to the United Nations until his resignation in December 2017.
Soon after, Venezuelan Attorney General Tarek William Saab launched an investigation against Ramírez for billionaire corruption and fraudulent contracting schemes that resulted in significant losses for the oil sector, the country's main source of revenue.
The 58-year-old engineer was charged with graft, forging an auction process, and criminal association, but he escaped arrest by fleeing to Italy. Following the issuance of an Interpol Red Alert in January 2018, the Venezuelan Supreme Court (TSJ) formally requested the former minister's extradition in July 2020, vowing that Ramírez would be tried "with all the adequate guarantees."
The probe against the former oil minister links him to the siphoning of €4.2 billion worth of Venezuelan state oil funds through a bank in Andorra. Alleged associates Diego Salazar, Ramírez's cousin, and Jorge Enrique Luongo were arrested in December 2017 on money laundering and embezzlement charges.
Additionally, the ex-oil czar was accused of facilitating an embezzlement scheme in PDVSA's Austria-based bureau for market research, costing the country roughly US $4.8 billion between 2009 and 2015.
Venezuela's attorney general likewise revealed that PDVSA paid $1.3 billion to Petrosaudi Oil Services for natural gas drilling and extraction operations at the offshore Mariscal Sucre field, but works were inactive over 60 percent of the time in a seven-year period.
Ramírez, also once part of the United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV) leadership, has accused the Maduro government of "betraying" Hugo Chávez's legacy and "bankrupting" the oil industry. The former head of PDVSA claims to have "confidential information" about alleged corrupt dealings involving high-level officials.
Venezuela's attorney general has spearheaded a multipronged investigation to tackle corruption from its state institutions, focusing on the oil sector, which has been additionally hit by crushing US-led sanctions since 2017.
Edited by Ricardo Vaz from Mérida.
Venezuela: Authorities Reveal Former Oil Minister Role in 'Unprecedented Robbery Scheme'
Venezuelan Oil Minister Tareck El Aissami accused his predecessor Rafael Ramírez of bleeding the oil industry during his 12-year tenure.
Italian Prosecutor Favors Extradition of Former Venezuelan Oil Minister Rafael Ramírez
Italy has yet to approve the ex-PDVSA president's extradition to Caracas to face corruption charges.
Venezuela: Lácteos Los Andes President Jailed on Corruption Charges
A worker from the dairy company denounced irregular practices during a live video conference with President Maduro, which prompted the investigation.
[UPDATED] Venezuela Sentences Former Citgo Executives for Corruption
The so-called "Citgo six" had been arrested in 2017 and their lawyers will appeal the ruling.
PDVSA Caught Between Silence and Corruption
Venezuelan workers' control leader Osvaldo Leon calls for solidarity in the fight to free oil workers Alfredo Chirinos and Aryelis Torrealba.
Venezuela's Guaido Investigated for Aid Embezzlement
Guaido's representative in the US, Carlos Vecchio, is also being accused of fraud in CITGO worth US $70 million.
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Amorism states that Righteousness is all actions which are created with the aim of amorism (complete happiness to everybody). This aim is called amorism. This amorism is a virtue and a holy principle in amorism. Amorism is also a philosophy, namely the philosophy of total benevolence and the other virtues. Amorism is defined in the Amorist creed (Swedish: Amoristiska trosbekännelsen). Amorism and the creed is explained in the book Amorism.
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Re: looted wrecks. (1) Ensure honesty of local and national officials involved in permitting (permitting described below). This is the most difficult step but if not taken neither my ideas or anyone else's will work. (2) Announce a program providing exclusive license to search for, then salvage, a given wreck or a site already found. Required: proven funds to complete search, then proven funds for excavation. (3) Except in ships of extreme age and historical interest, archos abandon 'standard' extreme procedures that inhibit affordable operations, settling for in situ photography and mapping and recording/photographing of items. Ships centuries old, same, but all items to be stabilized and conserved, as well as above measures taken. (4) Host gov't. retains rare and unique items; individual porcelain pieces, coins, bars etc., of significant likeness not considered rare and unique. (5) ALL ITEMS OF COMMERCIAL VALUE WILL BE APPRAISED by two separate auction houses, for computational purposes in division of items and artifacts upon completion of salvage and conservation. Host country can later declare all its retained items as 'priceless heritage' and therefore without evaluation. But we both know, all such items in National Museums are insured. (6) Contract defining each party's shares in the event of success, completed before exploration begins. Operational and conservation expenses will be shared equally, the Salvors' share being deducted from the host country's share of non-rare and unique items. Or host country can undertake all conservation operations and expense, thereby keeping a full proportion of the non-rare and unique items in its Contractual share. Intellectual Property stays with the Salvor. Salvor, as part of operational expenses, pays a team of archaeologists approved by host country. Host country maintains, if it wishes, its own appointed archaeologist and ecological specialist aboard during exploration and salvage operations. Each has authority to "pull the plug" on operations if the Salvor does not follow the operational terms of the Contract. Site and personnel security is provided by the Naval forces of the host government.
These are realistic conditions though distasteful to archos. But if no rational gov't policy is instituted that encourages responsible and recorded salvage, the regional governments will continue to suffer commercial and archaeological piracy.
Those policies are great for items of cultural value, but I think the problem with the looting of modern shipwrecks and war graves are connected to the collection of scrap metal for resale. The fact that these ships belong to countries foreign from these waters makes it harder for local authorities to care about them.
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Posts Tagged 'Locke's Second Treatise of Government'
Finding Our Father and Loving Our Mother: How Humility Can Contribute to an Understanding of Ecological Theology
This is the working draft of a paper I am preparing for a local Earth Day conference, but see no reason to wait until then to start a conversation.
Abstract: In this paper I shall discuss the concept of humility, as discussed by Augustine of Hippo, Søren Kierkegaard and Diogenes Allen. In the Augustinian tradition, pride is the original and deadly sin, from which all others derive; humility is the cardinal virtue of not thinking more of oneself than is the truth. Through Kierkegaard and Allen, this theological virtue becomes an epistemological virtue as well, providing a basis for ways to think about the environment beyond the man/property/wilderness framework often found in fundamentalist theologies and libertarian economic ethics. Finally, I shall use the concept of humility to analyze and critique the environmental pronouncements and policies of my own religious tradition, the Presbyterian Church (USA).
The 18th century philosopher Johann Georg Hamann (1730-1788) once said that the fundamental mistake of modern theologies was their tendency to take over the dominant philosophies of their day, and try to talk about God based on those constraints. The problem in Hamman's eyes was that these philosophies began from a more or less atheist starting point; building on this flawed foundation, any theological edifice was bound to be unstable. At the risk of anachronism, I would claim that much of 20th century Protestant American Fundamentalism falls into this trap. The philosophical foundation for writers such as Rousas Rushdoony and Jerry Falwell is a libertarian political philosophy rooted originally in John Locke. Locke's philosophy, particularly as laid out in his Second Treatise on Civil Government, profoundly shaped the thinking and the direction of the American independence movement, and it would not be an exaggeration to say that he was the grandfather of the American Revolution. His thinking influences our culture still in ways most of us scarcely realize, and I am grateful for most of it. But when it comes to environmental thinking, his thought is unhelpful and, in its current incarnations, downright dangerous. I want here to briefly survey how Locke's views on property and nature affect much American thought, including Fundamentalist theology. Next, I want to go back to the Augustinian tradition, and look at how the Augustinian concepts of pride and humility can give us a new starting point for discussing our relationship with nature. In particular, I will be discussing the book Finding Our Father, written by one of my favorite professors in seminary, Diogenes Allen. I will be writing this primarily as an exercise in or examination of Christian theology, but I hope the treatment will be interesting and helpful for others as well.
In his Second Treatise on Civil Government, John Locke lays out some very radical political theories. Having argued in the first treatise against the divine right of kings, in the second he argues that political power is in fact the expression of the will of the majority of the people. A nation, he says, is a group of people who have agreed to live together and work together to solve their disagreements peacefully and to protect each others' life, liberty and property. They achieve this by creating a government which therefore ought to include representatives chosen by the people to make decisions on behalf of the rest, and who are subject to replacement by popular vote. In an era where the people were often treated as property of the monarch as much as the land they farmed was, the idea that the king, courts and Parliament existed to serve the people and carry out their will was quite literally revolutionary: it was born in response to the English Civil War and the Glorious Revolution, and it led to the American Revolution a generation later. Instead of considering individuals first as subjects ruled by others, Locke said each was essentially the ruler of himself or herself. No rational being owned another; rather, each owns his or her own body. Nature, by contrast, is not consciously rational, so natural resources such as water, fruit trees in the forest and so on are unowned, or common property. But if some person adds his or her own effort to the natural object, say by gathering the apples from the tree into a basket, then that formerly unowned resource is not a mixture of the natural and the efforts of some person's body, and thus becomes by extension that person's private property. Whenever a human shapes or changes nature, that human adds a little of his or her own body to it, and it becomes private property.
Locke does have some constraints on this natural acquisition. Importantly, he said that no one has a right to more of anything than he or she can use before it spoils. It would be irrational, a violation of the law of Reason which rules even in nature, for one person to gather all the food and hoard it until it spoils while others starve. But essentially, Locke treats the natural world as having worth only as it affects humans. People turn nature into property, and have an inalienable right to do so. Locke's Second Treatise had a powerful influence on America's Founding Fathers, and his philosophy both explicitly and covertly influenced our culture and still does. Explicitly, it shaped the Declaration of Independence, and Locke's idea for a tripartite government is the foundation of our Constitution's division into executive, legislative and judicial branches. Less explicitly, his views of property were very congenial to colonial and frontier farmers/plantation owners, justifying their wholesale conversion of wilderness to private farmland. Locke basically assumed that Nature was inexhaustible, an idea that was questionable on the British island but which seemed obviously true to the Englishmen and later Americans looking west towards apparently limitless horizons. And even today, this view of Nature is powerful, particularly in the business community: nature is raw material, and essentially limitless, unless pesky regulations get in the way.
Locke often used religious language in his political writing, referring to the law of Nature, Reason and the will of God more or less interchangeably. This made it easy for later American religious conservatives to take over his philosophy and incorporate it more or less unaltered into such theologies as Christian Reconstructionism. This represents a major and important misunderstanding of Locke's thought, one that in turn delegitimizes this entire theological project. In his primary theological work, The Reasonableness of Christianity, Locke argues that the true heart of Christianity is a moral monotheism. He has no real use for miracle stories, or the idea that one guy could die for the sins of others; his religion and thus his God is philosophical, ethical, and like the title says, reasonable. But at least since Rousas Rushdoony and continuing through Falwell and others, as well as countless Evangelical Protestant preachers, this idea that humans have a "divine" right to treat nature as an inexhaustible source of human wealth has been treated as an Eleventh Commandment: Thou shalt not hinder private property. For Locke, saying this was divine law was the same as saying it is reason's law; thus, we can use reason to interpret it. For some conservative Christians, the "law of God" is more like the absolute eternal pronouncement of the Divine Lawgiver, so far beyond all human reason that even to hint that we might be harming the Earth is literally said to be rebellion against the LORD. Not only is Nature treated as an unlimited resource with value only as human property, but to say otherwise is, in some theological circles, literally a sin. And while this attitude is not the majority opinion of religious people, it has an outsized influence on American politics through the influence of well-financed lobbyists and media organizations supporting and supported by religious celebrities and mega-congregations. Returning to Hamann's observation, rather than start with a religious standpoint, derive their ecological theology from that and then dialog with American culture, a large swath of American fundamentalism adopted a humanistic attitude towards nature derived from Locke's views on property as these were expressed through American culture and particularly American business culture; then, tacking on a fundamentalist Divine Commander to the rationalist foundation, they derived a theological approach to Nature that severely limits what religion can say to humans that they are not already happy to say to themselves. There can be no prophetic voice when the theology is merely an echo of the interests of economic and political powers.
Tags:Augustine of Hippo, Culture Wars, ecology, epistemology, Ethics, Humility, Jerry Falwell, Johann Georg Hamann, John Locke, Kierkegaard, Locke's Second Treatise of Government, Love, Philosophy, Politics and Religion, Religious Right, Søren Kierkegaard, St. Augustine, The Second Treatise of Civil Government, Theology
Posted in Ethics, Finding Our Father and Loving Our Mother: How Humility Can Contribute to an Understanding of Ecological Theology, Humility, Philosophy, Theology | 2 Comments »
Tags:Culture Wars, Donald Trump, health care, Health Care Law, Health Care Reform, John Locke, Locke's Second Treatise of Government, military spending, Mitch McConnell, Philosophy and the American Revolution, Politics, revolution, Russian hacking, Russsiagate, tax reform, The Presidential Advisory Commission on Election Integrity, The right to rebel, the right to revolt, The Second Treatise of Civil Government, Voter fraud
Posted in Political Stuff | Leave a Comment »
An Open Letter to Senator Rand Paul, Republican/KY
I wrote Sen. Paul an e-mail, because his office has stopped picking up their phone for calls from voters and his voicemail box is full, asking him to support the movement within the Senate to investigate Donald Trump's collusion with Russian spy services to subvert the American election the way Russia has corrupted or sought to corrupt elections throughout the free world. In exchange, I got a newsletter ignoring my original concerns, and instead praising Sen. Paul's efforts to weaken environmental protections (enjoy your leaded water!), to "broaden the tax base" by shifting taxes away from the rich and onto the middle class and the poor, and to ram through even the least competent of #Dolt45's Cabinet appointees without even a tenth of the "extreme vetting" that seems appropriate for a Syrian infant escaping bombing by Russian jets.
I attempted to respond to Sen Paul's newsletter, but, big surprise, the reply bounced. It seems he doesn't want to hear from his constituents in that manner either; he only wants us to shut up and listen. Rather than let my efforts go totally to waste, I'm posting my reply to him here.
Dear Sen. Rand Paul, and whatever staffer might happen to get this message:
The party and the senator that stands with Russia, and Russian-style homophobia, Russian-style crony capitalism and kleptocracy, and Russian subversion of the American electoral process (as well as meddling in every other nation's elections) now wants to boast to me about all he's done to pollute the environment, to take more money away from the middle-class and the poor by decreasing taxes to the very wealthy while raising them on the middle class and the poor, all he's done to avoid investigating Trump's corruption and treason because "it's a waste of time to investigate your own party," and so on. You, sir, are everything that is wrong in America. Your economic policies failed in Kansas, Louisiana and elsewhere that this trickle-down, voodoo economics has been tried. The fact that the GOP keeps pushing failed economic policies shows that it isn't really an "economic" policy at all; if it were, you'd be open to economic data showing you need to correct your extreme policies. Rather, just as slavery was primarily a tool to control non-whites, your economic policies are a concerted effort to shift economic and political power away from the people and towards the Koch brothers and the other plutocrats. That is why you don't care about the widening wealth gap—-it's not a bug in your system, it's the goal. When I first heard of "The Handmaid's Tale," I thought it was the most absurd, anti-religious claptrap imaginable. Then I watched the GOP morph into everything that book and movie warned against.
Unlike most of you politicians, I have studied both the politics you like to imitate, such as Machiavelli, and the politics our Founding Fathers followed, as laid out in John Locke's Second Treatise of Civil Government. I've even learned the philosophies of India and China, two economies that are likely to surpass ours in the near future thanks to the Trumpist policies and the economic collapse they will bring. I know what you are doing, and why, even when many of your rank-and-file drink your Kool-aid and believe your lies about saving America. You "borrow" from the Social Security trust fund, a fund supported by MY payroll taxes and the taxes of millions of Americans (but not supported by the upper 0.01%, who live off capital gains and interest instead of payroll checks), so you can fund tax cuts for your super-wealthy employers; then you refuse to replace what you borrowed (since that would mean asking those super-wealthy to give back what you gave them), complain that "Social Security is going broke," and work to end the program and turn it into a bonanza for the wealthy and their stock market. Of COURSE Social Security is going broke; the GOP is embezzling from it!
God is not mocked. Read James 5:3-5. Read Lev. 19:13. I could give you a dozen different Bible passages that all add up to the same thing: God cares more about bosses who don't pay their workers than God cares about abortion. Still, you choose a president who boasts—BOASTS–about all the people he's defrauded, all the workers who have labored for him and who he has not paid. It is so common that corporations regularly refuse or delay paying small businesses that contract with them, because it's considered "standard practice" to do so. And you call yourselves the "Christian" party, supported by the "Religious" Right! God has already announced judgement upon you: Jeremiah 22:13,
""Woe to him who builds his house by unrighteousness,
and his upper rooms by injustice,
who makes his neighbor serve him for nothing
and does not give him his wages"
Woe to you! You are already damned, unless you repent.
Oh, and let's also talk about immigrants. God says more to protect the rights of immigrants than God does about abortion and homosexuality combined; Lev. 19:33-34 is just a sample. You invite God's judgement against the USA, and have the gall to call yourselves the "Christian" party! What did John the Baptist say about you? Luke 3:11: "Anyone who has two shirts should share with the one who has none, and anyone who has food should do the same." What did Mary, Holy Mother, say? See Luke 1:52-53.
If you fear Islam, you should remember that God handed his own people, the Israelites, over to the Assyrians and Babylonians (present-day Iraq) because they were unjust towards their poor neighbors. As it says in Amos 2:6-7:
"For three sins of Israel, even for four, I will not relent. They sell the innocent for silver, and the needy for a pair of sandals.
They trample on the heads of the poor as on the dust of the ground and deny justice to the oppressed."
That is exactly what the GOP does, and that is what the GOP invites upon our land. Kings have been overthrown and killed for the crimes that you protect, Sen. Paul, by not supporting an investigation of Trump's personal corruption and his consorting with foreign spymasters. Nations have been overthrown and handed over to unbelievers, because the "believers" oppressed the poor and emboldened the rich the way the Republicans do now. Already the ax is laid to the root of the tree; and do not presume to say to yourself, "We are Abraham's children" or even to say more than that, for God is able to raise up children for Abraham or for Christ from the stones of the ground. For too long the GOP has pretended they were God's Own Party, and they handle God like rubbing a lucky rabbit's foot, trusting that God has no more choice to bless them than the dead rabbit did; but those days are ending.
So please, do not waste the taxpayers' money—my money—with your foolish boasting, which only shows you to be a student neither of history nor of God. I am a voter, so you work for me, right? Do as I say, and investigate Donald J. Trump's conflicts of interest, his profiteering and cronyism and corruption, and above all his colluding with the Russians during the election campaign; or if you will not because you value party more than nation, as Sen. Paul has said on television that he does, then do not pester me at all.
Tags:#Dolt45, #MakeImpeachmentGreatAgain, Culture Wars, Donald Trump, Failed GOP economic policies, GOP and immigration, Immigration, John Locke, Locke's Second Treatise of Government, Politics, Politics and Religion, Rand Paul, Republican polices in Kansas, Sen. Rand Paul, Senator Rand Paul, The Bible and Economic Justice, the Bible and immigration, The Second Treatise of Civil Government, The Second Treatise of Government, trickle-down economics, voodoo economics
Posted in Ethics, Political Stuff, Theology | 4 Comments »
Should Stupid People Be Allowed to Vote? Locke, pt. 3
Whensoever therefore the legislative shall transgress this fundamental rule of society; and either by ambition, fear, folly or corruption, endeavour to grasp themselves, or put into the hands of any other, an absolute power over the lives, liberties, and estates of the people; by this breach of trust they forfeit the power the people had put into their hands for quite contrary ends, and it devolves to the people, who have a right to resume their original liberty, and, by the establishment of a new legislative, (such as they shall think fit) provide for their own safety and security, which is the end for which they are in society.
—– John Locke
We can see at least three points where Locke provides us with an answer to the question of whether stupid people should be allowed to vote. The first is the description of the state of Nature, and the common point he shares with the totalitarian Hobbes: equality. The wise and the foolish, the sage and the ignoramus are all essentially equal. For Hobbes, this contention was based on his utter pessimism; believing all people are basically irrational and nasty, he thought the clever no better than the brute. In the war of each against all, the differences between the smart and the stupid matter little; each can kill the other in the right circumstances. Thus each has as much to gain by belonging to a commonwealth, and as much to give up by accepting its restrictions. For Locke, his belief in equality rests on more optimistic grounds: a faith in the rule of reason even in the state of nature. Locke believed all people were essentially free to choose good or evil, and free to choose to employ their reason to determine the right course of action. All may not be identically capable or informed, but all are essentially educable and reasonable. Therefore, no one would enter a social contract that sacrificed that inalienable equality; each gives up only those rights that all the others give up as well.
Second, each has an inalienable right to the property that is the fruit of one's labors. Whether one is a renowned philosopher or a simple farmer, whoever does the work has joined his or her efforts to the world and made that part of it to be private property. The government I choose to live under must agree to protect my property, regardless of how informed I am about world affairs or how inclined I am to reason passionately rather than logically. That is one of the functions of civil government: to protect private property.
Third, all proper civil government is by the will of the majority. A supporter once called out, "Governor Stevenson, all thinking people are for you!" And Adlai Stevenson answered, "That's not enough. I need a majority."[1] That story is often treated as an indictment of democracy, but it needn't be. Every person has a right to have his or her needs addressed and concerns heard. Maybe I don't know all the economics of free trade; but I do know if I am losing my job because the factory is relocating overseas. I have a right to demand that society do something to help me. My fundamental equality is expressed in each person being equal before the law. My right to my own work is guaranteed in society's protection of my property. The inalienable right to liberty is lived out in the principle of government by the will of the majority: of the people, by the people and for the people. When we can all have our say, all make our case, and all freely agree to take a vote and work together on whatever we jointly decide, my fundamental freedom is actualized through the action of the government, which is responding not to the whims of a king or even an elite, but to the total pressure of each one of us pushing upon the levers of power.
It seems then that there are ample reasons for civil government to arise and maintain itself. It fulfills the needs of the individual members better than living in a governmentless state of nature could, and it coordinates group actions so that we can live together in peace and together achieve goals we could not on our own. Why, then, would any government ever collapse into tyranny? Plato pointed to the corrupting power of wealth, but Locke's view of political power particularly rules this out; since civil government exists largely to protect the private property of every citizen, it can hardly be that owning property in itself should disqualify anyone from participation in government. Nor can Locke agree with Plato's contention that only a small group should be allowed any political power; for Locke, political power flows up from the people, who explicitly or implicitly choose a government which is then obligated to act according to their collective will. Instead, Locke points to the weakness of human nature, and the tendency of some individuals to violate the laws of reason and to grasp for more than they ought. He writes:
… tyranny is the exercise of power beyond right, which no body can have a right to. And this is making use of the power any one has in his hands, not for the good of those who are under it, but for his own private separate advantage. When the governor, however intitled, makes not the law, but his will, the rule; and his commands and actions are not directed to the preservation of the properties of his people, but the satisfaction of his own ambition, revenge, covetousness, or any other irregular passion.[2]
So tyranny is not only the assumption of power by someone who is not entitled; the tyrant might be an elected official. The tyrant might not be particularly oppressive, if it suits him or her not to be. The tyrant might not even be a single person, but could in fact be a group.[3] But the tyrant is motivated not by the will and good of the people, but by personal interests and whim. The tyrant is, after all, only human, and subject to ambition, covetousness, and all the other common "irregular" passions. The tyrant may see the job of government as a chance for personal advancement, or simply believe that he/she/they know better than the majority what is "good" and thus refuse to act according to their will or needs.
Locke had a stark warning of what can happen if these inalienable rights are ignored. He writes:
The reason why men enter into society, is the preservation of their property; and the end why they chuse and authorize a legislative, is, that there may be laws made, and rules set, as guards and fences to the properties of all the members of the society, to limit the power, and moderate the dominion, of every part and member of the society: for since it can never be supposed to be the will of the society, that the legislative should have a power to destroy that which every one designs to secure, by entering into society, and for which the people submitted themselves to legislators of their own making; whenever the legislators endeavour to take away, and destroy the property of the people, or to reduce them to slavery under arbitrary power, they put themselves into a state of war with the people, who are thereupon absolved from any farther obedience, and are left to the common refuge, which God hath provided for all men, against force and violence.[4]
In case that last line isn't clear to today's readers, the "common refuge" is to fight back. If the government ceases to represent the majority, and instead caters only to the ruler or to a small group of supporters, it puts itself at war with its own citizens, and they in turn have the right to rise up and defend themselves and ultimately to overthrow their tyrannical masters, if necessary and possible. This is literally revolutionary stuff, both when it was published and 315 years later. This is what the Founding Fathers relied on when they explained, to themselves and to the ages, why they were declaring independence from their sovereign lord and king in England. The reasons Jefferson gives in the Declaration of Independence matches exactly the behavior of a tyrant as described by John Locke eighty-five years before: "(King George III) …has dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly, for opposing with manly firmness his invasions on the rights of the people….He has made Judges dependent on his Will alone for the tenure of their offices,…For imposing Taxes on us without our Consent: For depriving us in many cases, of the benefit of Trial by Jury…" Denying the right of elected officials to meet, or depriving them of their independence, or refusing to enforce the laws they passed, are all things Locke singles out as reasons for the dissolution of government. Add to that the seizure of property without consent, and without due process of law as passed by representatives elected by the people themselves, and the actual acts of violent repression cited by the Declaration, and this matches Locke's description of a government that has declared war on its own people. And in that case, Locke says, the people have every right to band together, grab whatever weapons they can find, and fight for their freedom. The government that overreaches and turns oppressor does not just risk angering the people; it loses its entire justification for being considered a "government" at all, and becomes nothing more than an alien, enemy occupation. In this circumstance, rebellion is not just possible; it is the only just and reasonable option. It is not even really a "rebellion" at all, but rather self-defense against the tyrannical power that has declared war on the citizens.
It may seem like this is a prescription for anarchy. If anyone may decide at any time to rebel, what is to stop rebellions from breaking out at any time? What stops anyone who doesn't want to pay taxes or follow the laws the majority follow from declaring their own personal independence, gathering up an armed mob or paid militia, and going to war against society? Locke is aware of this criticism and has responses. In his discussion of this, we see him trying to walk a path between two extremes. On the one hand, he says it is clearly absurd to say that one must wait until all hope is lost before one can begin to resist tyranny.[5] On the other hand, there must be limits, and there are. First, there this the simple fact of human nature: "People are not so easily got out of their old forms, as some are apt to suggest."[6] By and large, people will put up with a lot before they resort to the risky and uncertain path of violence. "Better the devil you know," as they say. It is only when the government has been seriously mismanaged, or the authorities have so trampled upon the inalienable rights of the people that they have already declared war upon them, that people are likely to resort to force to defend themselves.[7] Locke is not saying that anyone has the right to take up arms simply because he (or she) happens to not like the current government's policy on some matter. By joining together in a community, we all agreed to live by the community's rules and to respect the will of the majority.[8] As long as there are functioning mechanisms for the people to voice their opinions and elect representatives who will make the laws all will live by, there is no need or justification for rebellion. But when the government ceases to respect those mechanisms, and the people are left with no peaceful way to resolve their grievances and the will of the majority is not the guiding principle of the state, then the people may take up arms, overthrow the tyranny and establish a new and free government.
So, should stupid people be allowed to vote? We are all created equal, whether one is a bit smarter or stronger or better-looking. We all have the same inalienable rights. Those rights are only protected and expressed in a civil society, which means a society with the rule of law and where the will of the people is the ultimate foundation of that law. Each individual's inalienable liberty is enacted when he or she is votes for the representatives to the legislative body. To deny someone the right to vote because he or she might vote "wrong" is to deny that person's personhood. It is tyranny and slavery. And one always has the right, by the laws of God and reason, to resist with force anyone who tries to oppress another.
[1] "Music Cues: Adlai Stevenson," http://www.npr.org/programs/wesat/000205.stevenson.html Feb. 5, 2000
[2] John Locke, Second Treatise of Civil Government, chapter XVIII, sect. 199
[3] Second Treatise sect. 201
[4] Second Treatise of Government, chapter XIX, sec. 222
[5] Second Treatise, Chapter XIX, sec. 230-33
[6] Second Treatise, Chapter XIX, sec. 223
[7] sec. 224-230
[8] sec. 243
Tags:Declaration of Independence, equality, Ethics, John Locke, Locke's Second Treatise of Government, Philosophy, Politics, Second Treatise of Government, The right to rebel, Thomas Hobbes, Thomas Jefferson, tyranny, Voting Rights
Posted in Ethics, Philosophy, Political Stuff, Should Stupid People be Allowed to Vote? | Leave a Comment »
For when any number of men have, by the consent of every individual, made a community, they have thereby made that community one body, with a power to act as one body, which is only by the will and determination of the majority
How does "protecting the inalienable right to liberty" translate to obeying the laws of the government, or even paying taxes? This is what is perhaps the most radical and transformative part of Locke's political philosophy. Locke follows the same basic formula as Hobbes and many other social contract theorists: we imagine starting in a "state of Nature" prior to all government, and then ask why any individual would move from the perfect freedom of anarchy into an ordered (and ordering) society. How we interpret the natural state of humanity tells us about what sort of debt we owe the State, and by implication what the State owes us citizens. It assumes a quasi-historical moment when the individual voluntarily joined the society, recognizing that this was more implicit and theoretical than actual. In Locke's view, a free and basically reasonable individual chooses to belong to a civil society because that society preserves his or her basic freedom and rationality better than simply going it alone in a state of natural anarchy.[1] However, to be a functioning society, the group has to be able to act as a coherent unit; so some sort of government must exist. Thus, we all have to agree to give up our right to just do whatever pops into our heads, and instead must cooperate. That means we need some sort of process whereby everyone can be heard, everyone's interests can be considered, and then the group can decide to act as determined by the will of the majority. Each of us must agree to accept the will of the majority, since otherwise agreeing to live in a society was a hollow promise; either we're all in this together, or there is no "we" and anarchy prevails. So you may have a "king" but even his policies must be expressions of the collective will of his "subjects."[2] As part of this society, there may be some property set aside for common use; Locke assumes that every village will have a village green, where anyone may come and harvest turf as needed, for example. And if the group decides on some joint project, as Athens did when Themistocles persuaded them to build a national fleet, they may agree to pay into a common fund to do so, and all citizens are obligated to pay this tax even if the minority didn't vote for it since it is an expression of the will of the society as a whole, of which they are a part. In exchange, the minority has the right to fight for its voice to be heard and its concerns to be addressed, and to try to persuade some portion of the others to join and support its views as policies for the group.
This really was a revolutionary thought. Most societies in Europe were governed by monarchies that ruled by a presumed divine right. When Thomas Hobbes wrote his Leviathan to propose a secular basis for government, that was already a radical notion. Hobbes acknowledged as much when he wrote that, "This is the generation of that great LEVIATHAN, or rather, to speak more reverently, of that mortal god, to which we owe under the immortal God, our peace and defence."[3] We are not, he is saying, ruled by God; we are ruled by Leviathan, The Beast. God has left us to be ruled by this earthly master, this god that we ourselves have made by forming a social compact or commonwealth. But Hobbes still offered his philosophy as a defense of the privileges of the absolute monarch. Short of randomly torturing or murdering subjects, or failing to actually control and defend the realm, Hobbes put no limits on the sovereign's power. Locke writes to defend not absolute monarchy, but a republic and limited monarchy. The force that is to determine national policy is not the whim of one powerful king backed by the brute force of an army; instead it is the collective will of the citizens that is to dictate to the government what it should do.
Just how revolutionary this theory is becomes clear when Locke considers the dissolution of the commonwealth.[4] There he argues that when any government attempts to usurp absolute power over its citizens, either by arbitrarily seizing their property, by enslaving them or killing them, then they are freed from their tacit agreement to abide by its laws. The government has broken the social contract, so now the citizens are back in a state of nature. And as free persons in a state of nature, they are once again free to join together for mutual defense, and to form a new government. Locke offers the intellectual and moral justification for political revolution. The government that denies its citizens their inalienable rights has violated the laws of Nature, Reason and God (which are largely equivalent terms for Locke), and thus has lost all legitimacy. It rules only by force, and thus there is no crime in resisting it and overthrowing it by force, either. Only the government that acts as directed by the will of the majority has any binding, legitimate claim to the obedience of the people.
The philosophical foundation for the American Revolution was this very notion. People felt that they were being "enslaved" by the distant crown and parliament, which imposed taxes on them without their consent or even voice. (Yes, it is a tragic irony that they knew what enslavement was so well, owning slaves themselves.) They had come to this frontier land and tamed it, raised crops, built homes and churches and whole cities, and now they felt that this was theirs. They had put their own sweat into this land; as Locke said, they had put part of themselves into it, and thus it was as much theirs as their own flesh. And now a distant government was imposing laws and taxes on them. From the English point of view, they were simply asking the colonies to pay for their own defense; but the fact remained that there were no colonial representatives in Parliament. From a Lockean point of view, they were outside the social contract, since they were denied the fundamental right of any citizen of the commonwealth to be heard. And following Locke, they felt that this gave them the right to revolt. They produced a Declaration of Independence, which detailed their justifications for their break from England, and established the beginnings of their social contract to form a new commonwealth together. This was not like Plato's failed attempt to bring his ideal republic to life in ancient Syracuse, where conceptual perfection crashed against human realities. Nor was it like the more recent attempt to establish a divine theocracy in Münster, which fell into disorder and was destroyed by its enemies. This philosophical experiment, which we now know as the United States of America, was not based on Biblical or philosophical idealism, but on human reason, on philosophy rooted in observation, experience and reflection. Unlike Plato's Republic or his later Laws, the empiricist philosophy of Locke did not assume that there was an ideal state which could only change by degenerating. The founders of the United States assumed that their nation would have to change and grow, and they included mechanisms for amending the social contract. They hoped that it would grow and become better as its people chose the best among them to debate and discover new solutions to unanticipated problems. And while Plato's republic sought to eliminate social conflict, the very notion of Locke's commonwealth assumes disagreement and conflict. Any nation based on Locke's principles has to allow for all stakeholders to have a voice, and to resolve their competing claims in a peaceful manner. It hasn't always worked, as we know, but the trend for over two hundred years has been to channel dissent and conflict, expanding the rights of citizens and the chorus of voices in the marketplace of ideas.
[1] John Locke, Second Treatise of Civil Government, chapter II, sections 4-11
[2] Locke, chapter VIII, sect. 95-99
[3] Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan, chapter 17
[4] Locke, chapter XIX, sect. 222
Tags:Ethics, John Locke, Leviathan, Locke's Second Treatise of Government, Philosophy, Plato, Plato's Laws, Politics, Social Contract theory, Thomas Hobbes
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