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buvgpu
|
Why is recess important for kids?
|
Several reasons why it’s beneficial and necessary.
1 - When studying anything your brain should rest so it can concentrate better when studying. Even adults are recommended to take a 10 minute break every hour or so to optimize concentration and efficiency.
2 - Children can have lots of energy, and will get restless if sitting still for too long. This ties into falling concentration levels too. They need to go outside and tire themselves out physically.
3 - It’s important to promote activity for health reasons, and running around and playing is great exercise for kids.
4 - Playing is an important part of learning and brain development, and while some national curriculums now include play in class up until ages 7-8, many restrict it much earlier.
5 - Learning to socialise with peers is an integral part of education and students need t have time to interact with each other independently.
|
937c4524-f80a-4bd4-a2f1-1cb7803b6751
|
buvmsp
|
When a game gets remastered do they completely rebuild it in a new engine or do they use the old game files and simply update the graphics?
|
Former game developer here,
& #x200B;
There is the dream that they will repurpose as much material as possible. But consider an older game on an older, different platform was likely written specifically for that platform. Portability would approach zero. The studio would likely start with an engine that already runs on their new target platform, that they're already familiar with in house as a base. Parts of the old engine will be ported, mostly physics, controls, and gameplay elements, IF it isn't riddled with platform specific code.
& #x200B;
Lots of visual assets are not usable. That's the whole point of remastering. An artist might LOOK at it, but they're going to recreate from scratch. It's just easier and aligns with their workflow.
& #x200B;
Even content like dialog will likely be converted into a new file format.
& #x200B;
Typically, a remaster is as costly as developing a new game from scratch, it's why studios almost never do it, it's not worth the money.
|
6a7508f5-7539-4865-880c-a3e255acc2ea
|
buvqm3
|
How do birds last so long flapping their wings non-stop?
|
Also, they generally don’t go non-stop. Flap, flap, glide for a while, etc.
They also follow air currents. use uprises, and fly in formations to minimize air resistance.
|
ec065ad6-b084-4046-8e9a-3490e0a98390
|
buvugz
|
Why things that move fast in the dark have more "blur" behind them?
|
In general things don't have 'blur'.
That's your brain filling in missing information with what it thinks should be there so visual information doesn't seem inconsistent.
& #x200B;
Like how if you wiggle a pencil just right it looks like it's bending, it's just your brain going 'oh that's obviously some sort of rubbery object, I'll just fill in the blanks'.
& #x200B;
In the dark the brain does this in overdrive because our (human) night vision is terrible, we also can't really see color very well when it's dark or around the periphery of our vision, mostly black/white/blueish. So in order for things to make sense, your brain just goes 'that's probably red, yeah let's go with red', it's tricking you, like how you can technically always see your nose, but you forget it's there because your brain deletes it as 'non-necessary information'.
|
606b2118-57f7-4373-bcf8-2ac373169de6
|
buvxjo
|
Why are 144hz monitors more popular than 120hz?
|
It's a mix of display connection limitations and marketing.
Before displayport and higher versions of HDMI, the display cable that could transfer the most data was Dual Link DVI. The initial 120 Hz refresh monitors were at 1080p resolution. 120 Hz made sense because it was double 60 Hz, the standard monitor refresh rate and divisible by 24, the movie frame rate.
Monitor manufacturers wanted to distinguish their monitors so they pushed the limits of Dual Link DVI. It turns out 144 Hz at 1080p was close to the maximum supported data rate for the cable. So monitors came out with 144 Hz refresh rate and 144 > 120. The number kinda got stuck as the new threshold so most high refresh monitors set that as the standard.
|
842248ba-f37a-498a-b3c6-41ccb2ca0516
|
buvzhd
|
Why is it a son named after his father is a “Jr.” but a daughter named after her mother not?
|
From a genealogist's perspective, "Jr" wasn't historically a part of a name. In small towns it wasn't unusual for two men to end up with the same name. Sometimes they were related father/son, grandfather/grandson, uncle/nephew or sometimes, it was coincidental and there was no relation at all. To distinguish themselves in newspapers, property records, etc, they would usually apply 'Jr' to the younger one. 'Sr' was used far less often for whatever reason. Women, conversely, were usually referred to as "Mrs Husband's name" in newspapers and other records, and very rarely were allowed to own property on their own, so no distinguishing Sr or Jr were needed.
|
e81dea27-f6be-4dae-be40-95cd5045e2e4
|
buw43a
|
Why do flies fly in small circles right in the centre of the room
|
The lights in the room are confusing the flies.
& #x200B;
Basically, flies and many other flying insects use the sun to navigate their way through the world. In a room with artificial lights, this can confuse the insect in question. From the fly's point of view, it's flying in a straight line.
& #x200B;
For the same reason, moths gather around lights and often bump into them.
|
953571d0-17aa-4e65-93aa-a649cf6b9e6d
|
buw6l0
|
Can a fat person die of starvation, or does the body *always* eat up its fat stores before starving?
|
Depends on your definition of starvation.
The body would not technically starve until all the fat stores were used. The body would also start cannibalizing muscle and other tissue in a desperate attempt to stay alive which would eventually result in death.
However, it's very possible to die of various complications from extreme malnutrition before that point.
|
61d144ef-7671-4108-861a-53ae478012c3
|
buw6ml
|
Why would it be possible to see a ball inside a closed box in a 4d world but not a 3d world?
|
Let's reduce the dimensionality of it, and consider the case of a 2D circle inside a 2D square, as viewed by yourself and Mr. Stick Figure, a flatlander.
As a flatlander, Mr. Figure can only see forwards/backwards and up/down. He sees everything as lines that are closer or further away from him, or higher up/lower down than he is. He can also rotate objects only so that they roll towards him or away from him. Left and right do not exist for him, and so if he puts a circle in a square, there is no "other" direction for him to move in to go "around" the walls of his square safe.
Except, as a 3D creature observing Mr. Figure sliding around on your wall, you can clearly see the alternate direction. Mr. Figure is thinner than a piece of paper and can't even conceptualize something that is off his wall, but you could just reach out and poke the ball inside the safe, since there's no wall blocking your access from the third dimension.
You could also poke inside of his brains if you wanted, because his skull is just a 2D oval, not a 3D ovoid.
If you've got some time, look at _URL_0_. I've put in a timestamp near the good part of the explanation, but it's a full movie on the subject if you're interested.
|
93675c32-d6e7-4093-97d7-b8e3171521c2
|
buwnwc
|
How are some animation movies so realistic?
|
I think it mostly comes down to the style of animation. Even as technology has improved over the years (look at the difference in animation quality between toy story 1 and 2 for example), certain styles "look" more realistic than others. This is on purpose. If you look at a recent film like Incredibles 2, the quality of animation is great but do the characters look "realistic"? Nope, they're meant to look like cartoons. It's an animated film and it knows it.
Going off your example of the adventures of Tintin or A christmas carol, the characters and style were designed to look more photorealistic. It's just the way the animators decided to make it. You can do it with any film; but you might noticed that photorealism isn't always super prominent in the film industry. Most high budget animated films aren't meant to necessarily look "realistic", because the beauty of animation is that you can make it look like whatever you want. Certain styles are more desirable than others. If you remember the film The Polar Express, it was heavily criticized for using a photorealistic style with characters that simply weren't lifelike enough. When your goal is to look as realistic and as close to real life as possible, anything lacking in your quality of animation is going to be much more noticeable.
|
4c5b778c-60ff-4919-8e33-22af5669a7b4
|
buwptj
|
Why do exits/entrances still work when you enter through the other side?
|
It varies region to region but a lot of it is about fire codes and means of egress.
When you’re fleeing a fire in crowd and smoke, you don’t want to stop and pull a door inward to get through.
|
33c9aff7-26d5-4ae8-87aa-37c7e44d22d2
|
buwqwt
|
Into the wild blue yonder...
|
The blue of the sky is a structural component of Earth's atmosphere as it is the result of blue light being scattered the most while other wavelengths don't scatter much (which is why the sky is only red at dawn and dusk). Due to this the blue sky reaches as far as the atmosphere is dense enough that enough light is scattered to still be visible/noticeable against the background which is somewhere between 80 and 120 km above Earth ([This ISS timelapse visualizes it quite nicely](_URL_0_)).
|
8a8c1ed5-12df-4be2-a5b1-6803997bdfff
|
buwrie
|
How are serotonin, dopamine, endorphins, and enkephalins related? Also what's the function of each on its own?
|
Dopamine and serotonin are classical neurotransmitters. This means that they are one of a number of molecules that facilitate communication between nerve cells.
Enkephalin is a neuropeptide. These are larger molecules that facilitate slower forms of communication between neurons because it takes time for them to be released and the effects they have typically make relatively persistent changes.
Endorphins are also neuropeptides. Again these are involved in slower, forms of communication.
To illustrate what I mean by slow and fast communication, compare an action (like raising your arm) to a mood (a feeling that occurs over a longer time period). Both are products of nerve cells talking to each other in different ways.
I assume you're trying to get at something to do with pleasure/pain as: dopamine is typically thought of colloquially as the "reward" neurotransmitter, seratonin the "pleasure" neurotransmitter, endorphins are associated with inhibiting pain signals/producing pleasure (hence, endorphin = endogenous morphine), enkephalin is involved in pain signalling as well as it prevents/reduces pain messages to the brain.
|
b6776dc7-6c11-4b7c-914c-f7993355a47f
|
buwtjt
|
How do materials like copper foil stop a radio wave?
|
Radio waves are waves in the electromagnetic field. When one of these waves hit a sheet of copper or other conductive material of appropriate size, the wiggling of the electromagnetic field "grabs" the electrons in the metal, wiggling them back and forth like buoys in the ocean.
Pushing the electrons around eats up the energy of the electromagnetic wave: it has turned from the wave into electric current. This is called induction. If you hook up that piece of metal to an amplifier and a speaker, you have a radio, with the bit of copper being the antenna.
|
daeeaa73-ec9e-44fc-ba4b-350def001fad
|
bux1c6
|
What’s the difference between “wearing a costume” and “cosplay”?
|
Adam Savage puts it in a really good way in his book;
[_URL_0_](_URL_0_)
& #x200B;
In short, costumes are things you wear, it's you.
Cosplay is becoming a character, playing a role, adding your spin to the costume.
& #x200B;
You wear a costume at halloween to attend a party. You cosplay when you play the character to gain something or to give joy to others.
That doesn't mean you can't do both, but if you're not pretending, if you're not bringing something to the role, you're not cosplay, you're just wearing a costume.
(Note: There's nothing wrong with that, there's no shame on either one or the other)
|
f08dc849-d0a0-4918-ad39-82d793fa1046
|
bux3e6
|
How do Vitamins prevent deseases?
|
Vitamins do not prevent disease. All the multivitamins and supplements you see being advertised are just products to waste your money on and to make others money. In 99.9% of the cases, the vitamin/ supplement you take will most likely go in through your mouth and then be pooped out without any difference being made to your body.
I'm afraid that getting better nails or stronger bones is not as easy as taking a pill twice a day.
The only type of disease that vitamins are good for treating is vitamin deficiency and **your doctor should be prescribing these** in this case, not you. A lot of people love to self-diagnose like "oh my bones hurt so I'll take this calcium and vitamin D supplement". Go talk to your doctor about it. That's why he/ she is there. And if they suggest a blood test trust me that the 20 seconds you feel pain for are way less painful than the metaphorical heart attack you will have when seeing money leaving your bank account just so you can poop out a pill you ate for no reason.
That said, all of the vitamins you need can and should be obtained from your diet. Just have a balanced diet and don't survive solely on Pot Noodle for a year (seriously, there are cases of people eating only Pot Noodle for months and getting severe vitamin C deficiency, also known as scurvy).
|
fe162229-12ea-4968-aa07-5deafa2d9188
|
bux7ec
|
How does buoyancy work?
|
Have to displace (move) more weight in water than an object weighs for it to float. So if a 10 tonne ship displaces more than 10 tonne of water it floats. If it displaces less it sinks. Is the most simple way to put it :)
|
4d78c66c-8d23-4ef7-99b5-3c7ded8a5568
|
bux9zb
|
How did the United States become a world powerhouse in such a short time?
|
Back to back world wars is the short answer. The major world powers before WW1 were the British Empire, France, the German Empire, and Russia.
All of those nations were heavily impacted by both world wars. The USA was in a fine position, especially after WW2, to essentially take over from all of those countries just by virtue of having a lot more money to spend, and suffering a lot less damage.
|
38758f1b-3560-40cb-9734-d6b802175b94
|
buxdg5
|
- how do hearing aids work?
|
I am not an expert so would be happy to see an expert chime in, but I can speak as a user of hearing aids.
I think cheaper hearing aid models do increase the volume of everything. This isn’t helpful as sounds can “blend” together for hearing-impaired individuals.
More expensive models take the results of your specific hearing test and identify only the pitch ranges that need to be boosted, and increase the volume there. So if you can normally hear bass tones but can’t hear higher-pitches, they would only boost the high-pitches.
No solution yet is perfect though and the extent of hearing loss is highly individual, so they very well might be experiencing an overwhelming garbling of sounds even with decent hearing aids. I definitely shy away from any place with background noise if I want to be able to hold a conversation.
|
c0f26e9c-2b09-46e0-b16e-d3199e08013e
|
buxiwq
|
When you're driving and it's sunny outside, why does it look like there is water on the road ahead of you but once you get closer it's gone?
|
It's called a mirage.
The asphalt on the road get so hot in the sun, in turn heating the air above it, so when the light from sky is coming down, it actually bends and goes back up.
Then you see the light from the sky, creating illusion of reflection that we associate with a water puddle.
[Wikipedia](_URL_0_)
|
0e44b3ad-fa94-478e-abfc-b664c3bd5a81
|
buxkcq
|
How do cracked video games' private servers make money?
|
Some sell "vip membership"
Some advertise in game.
Although possible, it's unlikely that they aren't after money.
|
5fdc80a8-3dfc-41a2-a799-b75effe6cd6a
|
buxmbb
|
How do they make slowing time in computer games?
|
There's a few ways, but having internal time is a way to do it. Things like movement and animations are usually timed, a frame could be 100ms and movement is velocity \* time. There's no reason that time is the real time though, the game could have a multiplier to real time such that `game time passed = real time passed * slowdown` and use that for time everywhere. Doing that is minimal effort and gives the slowdown effect.
|
e6c23871-6d3f-4ede-9e06-da0ac52850c6
|
buxyl1
|
How can Michael Bennet run for president without being born in the USA?
|
So this is related to the phrase "Natural Born Citizen" used in the constitution. The generally accepted definition of this phrase is a citizen who was a US Citizen at birth and did not need to go through the naturalization process. This means that Bennet's American parents made him a citizen at birth, regardless of the physical location where he was born. The same can be said for Ted Cruz from the last election cycle, who was born in Calgary to an American mother.
You can read a little bit more about this at the Harvard Law Review: _URL_0_
|
ab1b82cf-4149-49cb-907a-0b74b914e190
|
buy9l5
|
what happens to the circulatory system after a blood donation?
|
The plasma volume should be back to normal in 24 hours, but depending on age and other factors it might take 4-6 weeks to get your red blood cell count back to what it was before. That's why the Red Cross makes you wait 8 weeks between donations.
|
b358b278-5795-44bb-ad36-a53e47395bf3
|
buz0is
|
How did 'old English' develop into present english?
|
In 1066 A.D. William the conqueror and a group of Normans, descendants of Scandinavians living on the coast of France, crossed English channel and began a campaign of conquest that eventually ended in the complete subjugation of England. The language that these Normans brought was a version of French. They spoke this French while the native Anglo-Saxons spoke Anglo-Saxon, or old English. Eventually the Anglo-Saxon and Norman/French speakers begin to mix languages into a combined patois. This was when the most direct ancestor of modern English was born. This language, middle English, eventually had some changes that occurred due to cultural shifts. What it really boils down to is that one generation of English speakers felt that word should sound one way while the next generation thought they should sound a different way. This led to some vowels becoming other vowels. Shakespeare was alive during this time and so that’s why some of what he says sounds similar to modern English, well other things he says don’t sound like English at all!
|
bceed109-efc4-4057-85c8-9baf7948ce06
|
buz2qh
|
how does bid rigging work and why is it illegal?
|
Three construction companies bid to build a bridge that a government wants to build. The cost of the bridge would normally be $100 million, but the bidding companies work together Company A bids $215 million, Company B bids $210 million, Company C bids $200 million. Because the bids were fairly close to each other the government thinks if it allocates the work to Company C then it will get a good deal.
Company C then hires Company A and B as subcontractors to build the bridge and they all share the $200 million between them. The government (the general public) have paid $100 million too much for the bridge.
|
a0e165d8-1b72-4d87-b38e-17370b1b6293
|
buzkc5
|
What exactly makes a song sound "funky"?
|
Syncopation, mostly, which wikipedia defines as
> a variety of rhythms which are in some way unexpected, making part or all of a tune or piece of music off-beat. More simply, syncopation is "a disturbance or interruption of the regular flow of rhythm": a "placement of rhythmic stresses or accents where they wouldn't normally occur".
More specifically, syncopation within the rhythm section - which most critically comprises the drums and bass, though also sometimes includes rhythm guitar, keyboard, other percussion etc.
For example, this drum beat is not at all funky:
> K - S - K - S -
This drum beat is at least a _little_ bit funky:
> K - S - - K S -
More specifically _still_, syncopation *between* the elements of the rhythm section.
For example, [The Meters - Fire on the Bayou](_URL_1_). Note how the bass guitar is syncopated 'with itself': it hits on beat one, two and a half, and four.
But note further that it actually plonks out that rhythm in an extremely solid way. Although it is syncopated, it's actually very predictable and stable, the bedrock, the consistent pulse. And then notice how (the genius) Ziggy Modeliste on drums takes this opportunity to play absolutely _everywhere_. The bass is serving as the 'metronome', and he gets to play with super loose, shuffley freedom. He doesn't pop out any sort of backbeat with his snares. He drops them in occasionally for accents more like a jazz drummer, while floating that second-line cowbell polyrhythm over the top the whole time.
Contrast with [Ohio Players - Skin tight](_URL_0_), the snare is pretty much metronomic on 2 and 4 like a standard rock backbeat, but the bassline (and bass drum) is going all over the place, with little runs that start and stop exactly where you don't expect them to, with regard to the bar line (measure line).
Basically funk is setting up these push-and-pull feelings where parts of it are rhythmically very surprising, whilst the overall composition remains anchored around a strong groove, a beat that you can intuitively nod or dance along to without feeling _consciously_ surprised all the time (without which you just end with abstract jazz or something).
Then real god-tier funkiness comes in applying the same general principles but in microscopic scale. Like, you're not just delaying that snare until "beat 2 and a half", you're delaying it until beat 2.53. And you're using the dynamics and articulation of each note/hit as well as the placement of it (e.g. it's not just on beat 2 and a half and a bit more, it's a little rimshot or ghost note or pull off or whatever).
In particular, I don't think most people, even musicians, put nearly enough conscious analysis into where notes stop, which is pretty much as important as where they start. Back to that Meters example, the three main metronomic bassline notes, the *donk, donk, donk*, are all pretty short and tight with a clear gap between them, although not quite staccato. But the 'fills' in the alternating bars are held long, with no gap before the next *donk*, creating a little 'floaty' feel, a little aerial swoop into the next downbeat. If the main *donks* were all slurred the same way it would sound plodding. If the fills were staccato it would sound robotic. It's the mix of both which works.
|
28843d32-0cb7-45be-8136-e583659e4ee1
|
buzpcf
|
Why do things turn black when they are burnt?
|
I think it’s the color of carbon or graphite left behind after most of the other non carbon atoms have reacted and moved away as gaseous products.
|
aa93b44a-7233-45b1-a3c6-5ac1de7b8045
|
buzqke
|
why is it that when you wear ear buds the sound source sounds like it is in the middle of your head?
|
your brain determines the location of a sound by the difference between what the two separate ears picked up; much like how it can perceive depth because it has two eyes in slightly different positions to work with.
when you skip that, and the same sound is playing into both at the same volume, the average of that sound will physically tend towards the inside of your head - inbetween the two ears.
|
196edad3-2b7a-4d83-84e4-93a34589f326
|
buzrlr
|
Why do people sleep?
|
Sleep is complex, and isn’t yet fully understood. However, there are actions our body takes while asleep that wouldn’t be possible while awake, such as clearing neuronal debris in the part of the brain we require to be in an active state in order to be conscious.
Interestingly, dolphins have worked around this by being able to shut down only half their cortex at a time, thus being able to be peripherally aware while repairing cellular damage and storing long term memories.
|
bb9aca55-2df4-4c50-bdc9-7ed6a669c575
|
buzuy9
|
What do metrologists mean by the "feels like" temperature and how is is different than the actual temperature?
|
To look at it a different way:
Actual temperature is how fast the air molecules are vibrating.
Feels Like temperature is how much the surface temperature of your skin drops when you step out into that air.
|
0fc00bee-4e73-4f4a-a7d6-9fd33a3484e6
|
buzyw0
|
How much of a rotten or spoiled food does one need to ingest so that one's body goes into "Food posoining/vomit/I'm ill mode"?
|
It totally depends on the specific bacteria involved. But for the most part things like E. coli and Salmonella do not survive longer than about 4 hours on a surface exposed to air. On wooden surfaces, they are absorbed very quickly into the pores of the wood and cannot easily be transferred back onto food because they are trapped inside the wood. They quickly die upon drying out.
|
d84aed77-7d14-4029-8fd1-38327b043ef0
|
bv01bd
|
What happens to the body/brain when people faint at the sight of blood?
|
You get spooked and your arteries and veins dilate. Your heart can't keep the blood pressure up, so the blood pools in your legs and your blood pressure drops. So the blood can't get to your brain. This causes you to faint. It's called a [vasovagal response](_URL_0_). And that's why sitting down and squatting will prevent you from fainting, since it makes it easier for the blood to get to your brain.
|
d434cbe3-ab4d-402a-b8d8-0234e7bd6133
|
bv0ali
|
How do touch lamps work?
|
They use something called capacitance. It has a wire attach to the outside of the lamp that has a small voltage applied to it which is basically trying to shove electrons into the metal. The metal can only hold so many electrons, but if you touch it, some of them leak into your body, and the wire can now push more electrons into the lamp body.
When this happens, a small circuit detects this small flow of electricity and turns on the lamp.
|
ed96286b-0dc9-4dbb-88d3-99f5ba09e7a8
|
bv0hh2
|
what is that sensation you feel when you watch someone fall and you feel it in the area that it happens to them?
|
You get input from something called ["mirror neurons"](_URL_0_).
To quote the link i sent you: "A **mirror neuron** is a neuron that fires both when an animal acts and when the animal observes the same action performed by another. Thus, the neuron "mirrors" the behavior of the other, as though the observer were itself acting. Such neurons have been directly observed in primate species. Birds have been shown to have imitative resonance behaviors and neurological evidence suggests the presence of some form of mirroring system. In humans, brain activity consistent with that of mirror neurons has been found in the premotor cortex, the supplementary motor area, the primary somatosensory cortex and the inferior parietal cortex."
So, in a way, it is a chemical release of neuroreceptors in the brain.
|
73faa73b-dd21-4d78-b7a5-49c2b79b6c67
|
bv0snp
|
Why does time only go forward?
|
We don't know. Its an unsolved problem in physics. It seems to simply be a fundamental property of it, and currently all evidence suggests that it does only go forward.
Though its also clear that it doesn't necessarily need to. It could go backwards and things would work just fine. It just doesn't.
|
62b9e280-1feb-4b6e-9b50-c72d364565fc
|
bv0ueg
|
Why does using more of your credit limit hurt your credit score?
|
Holding a balance makes you seem riskier in their eyes, because it looks like you might be reliant/have trouble paying it off.
> In my understanding someone who shows that he/she can pay back 100% of a bigger amount is more creditworthy than someone who demonstrated he/she can pay back 100% of a lesser amount. But the credit rating somehow sees this the exact opposite way.
The fact that you needed to dip into it makes you riskier than someone who didn't, essentially. Also when the statement posts, they don't know that you paid it off yet (or will pay it off).
That said, credit usage has no memory (unlike most other parts of the process). You can use 60% for years, and as long as you drop it to 10% before you start applying to stuff, it's the same as if you kept it at 10%. It's a snapshot.
|
aeb45af1-c0c5-4663-8601-4793ae0d6697
|
bv13zi
|
Why don’t more countries use nuclear power?
|
It depends on what time period you are talking about because in Europe it cause a mass protest movement in the 80's (especially in Germany and Austria) in which they held a public referendum where the people voted to end all nuclear power. They were worried about the effects waste would have considering the power plants that were being protested were close to the Danube river.
While others simply can't afford or get access to the materials needed for nuclear power.
Others are worried about the effects it would have on their economies due to international intervention. The US is still sanctioning Iran for following all the INF regulations agreed to in the Iran nuclear deal and what other country would want those sanctions that cripple the economy.
Other countries have not used it as much because of accidents like what happened in Japan when a nuclear power plant was hit by a tsunami causing even more damage to the surrounding area than if it weren't there.
When it comes to international politics there usually isnt one broad answer to cover all countries because each country is different and will have different opinions on different subjects, just as different people have different reasons for not liking a certain food or drink.
|
e4fe898b-1e28-473a-a776-2399ef1edf6b
|
bv156a
|
How can companies like Uber and Lyft continuously lose billions yet stay in business?
|
They're held afloat with loads of cash from their investors. Every time you take an Uber, your ride is being subsidized by Silicon Valley venture capitalists, SoftBank, and now public investors (now that they've done an IPO).
The end goal of these companies is to become the only transportation network, allowing them to dictate higher prices, and finally turn a profit, and/or use self-driving cars to replace their drivers, thus eliminating their biggest cost: driver acquisition.
|
710d108d-41ce-43fb-8c9d-8950279a0539
|
bv184x
|
What happens when you "crack" your neck?
|
gas releasing from inbetween your joints. it takes a while for it to refill its area so you can't (shouldn't...) be able to click the same bone several times.
i know it kinda sounds stupid but it really is just from a gas bubble popping. things inside of a 100-200lbs meatbag will tend to sound different.
|
9db26568-6d23-4168-b875-73369e98a665
|
bv1d1u
|
Why is noon 12 pm, midnight 12 am, and not the contrary?
|
AM: “ante meridiem” Latin for “before midday”
PM: “post meridiem” Latin for “after midday”
|
cde65b09-0a44-425b-b73f-ba5ede864c61
|
bv1dwp
|
Why is it that when people experience a radiation "burn", their skin becomes more like a dark tan color like that of a sunburn instead of an actual burn like from a fire?
|
A burn from fire is caused by heat while sunburns and radiation are from exposure to rays of "light" such as UV and gamma rays
Think grilling vs microwaving
|
1d210504-207a-4f2a-88a9-86a37b5c6cad
|
bv1ghd
|
How do police scanners work?
|
The term has a number of meanings.
One meaning of 'police scanner' is just a radio that is tuned to the radio channels that the police use. You can hear their conversations.
Another is a 'radar scanner', that listens for the signals given out by radar speed measurement devices. A similar device could be made that detects laser pulses from lidar speed detectors. (Less useful, because you'd only detect them as they detect your speed.)
|
29e1ab6f-fedb-494e-9c38-afd756b11ea7
|
bv1hoy
|
When a national economy grows and "makes" more money, does it necessarily mean other economies shrink?
|
> When a national economy grows and "makes" more money, does it necessarily mean other economies shrink?
No. This is not a zero sum game. That is what they thought 250 years ago. Mercantilism was the zero sum game, where it was thought that selling goods to other countries made you poorer. Then Adam Smith showed that wasn't true, and modern economics understands about comparative advantage, which says that the most efficient producers should be producing those goods, regardless of national origin. With that point of view, that all free market activity enriches us, since all trades make both parties richer (theoretically, but we are talking about humans here) the trade would not occur unless both parties thought they'd be better off, that is, richer, than before the trade. That means trading with Peoria is the same as trading with Tehran is the same as trading with Beijing. All that trade is making the world a richer place.
> How is it that more money is put into the economy without lowering it's value?
Because the value of goods and services has increased more than the amount of money put into circulation.
Let's say that 2% more money is injected into the economy (the Fed targets inflation at 2%), but the economy grows at 3%. That gives you the spread needed to keep the economy going nicely.
|
b1af60e0-e191-4d37-b6c7-68aaef8ff82d
|
bv1hr8
|
How do we modify rice or other foods to include more vitamins?
|
For any processed food they add powders containing the vitamin or mineral that they say they are adding. One of the easiest ways to show this is almond milk with added calcium if you put a container of almond milk into a clear container and put that container in the fridge you'll see a powdery residue on the bottom of the container. Source I'm an analytical chemist and a majority of the testing I do is for stuff like this. Also bonus fact rice can have high levels of arsenic.
|
ed3f7537-33f8-4d4a-8a47-1172afd49150
|
bv1jvz
|
why does air feel like it is moving faster in front of fan and slower behind it
|
The air is moving slower behind the fan because the fan sucks in air from more directions than the directions it pushes outwards.
Imagine a funnel. The level of liquid above the funnel nozzle goes down slower than the the speed of the liquid leaving it. However, volume is conserved.
|
45e29a24-f22c-4161-a8a1-f9fbd048954c
|
bv1uf1
|
Why do other animals seem to “know” the world shorty after birth but humans need so much care and attention when they’re babies before they can do anything on their own?
|
Physically developing we are close to a bobcat or other animals in terms of lifespan.
We have a much, much more complex world than any other animal does though. We have to eat that play-doh and stick that key in the electric socket to learn that we want to be a philosophy major or an architect.
Bobcats can't build skyscrapers, baby.
|
9a705ffe-ca98-4625-845a-789e1f3dcad5
|
bv1uhl
|
What are te negative long-term effects of sugar? (within calorie-correct diet)
|
"Over the course of the 15-year study on added sugar and heart disease, participants who took in 25% or more of their daily calories as sugar were more than twice as likely to die from heart disease as those whose diets included less than 10% added sugar. Overall, the odds of dying from heart disease rose in tandem with the percentage of sugar in the diet—and that was true regardless of a person’s age, sex, physical activity level, and body-mass index (a measure of weight)." - [Source.](_URL_0_)
|
d2d176ed-6e17-49ca-b6d9-23755488c796
|
bv1wtz
|
how do we get electricity/energy out of a battery? A battery is just made of metal and liquid right?
|
Imaging having a long tube filled with water placed horizontally, if you were asked to make current, a smart way to do it is by raising one side of the tube so that it flows to the other direction. And that's how batteries work they raise the voltage on one side so that electrons can flow to the other side.
|
8104c88f-2e6f-4323-b258-3758eca9cfad
|
bv1yhn
|
How are scientists able to discover so much about space/blcak holes when we have such limited access to it?
|
Observation and experimentation. We can't do anything with black holes, but we can do lots of stuff with light and solid matter of all sorts of different types. We do tons of experiments with what we have to learn all of its properties, and then we observe how it acts differently around a black hole. Similarly, while we can't bring a star into a laboratory to experiment with it, we've observed *lots* of them, very closely, at every stage of development, and come to a pretty solid understanding of how they work, so, similarly when we observe what happens to them near black holes we learn all sorts of stuff.
Then we take all that data and use, as u/suwampert said, math. The data gives us points to base the math off of, and then we use the math to predict and hypothesize(in fact, when we were learning about stars and gravity the math actually told us black holes were there before we ever actually observed them, and then they proved to be real, and over and over again since they do what we expect them to\[usually\]), and then parts of our predictions and hypotheses either prove true or don't as we make further observations and do further experiments with things like vacuum chambers and particle accelerators.
|
7f150431-d2dc-4c16-91bd-6805a0a73b70
|
bv1ywy
|
Some animals, such as dolphins, crows, and chimpanzees, are considered to be smarter than others. How exactly do we measure an animal’s intelligence?
|
For starters, the animals you've listed [use tools](_URL_0_), which is a demonstration of intelligence.
[They also solve puzzles](_URL_2_).
They also use [tools to solve puzzles](_URL_1_).
|
2ee8a1c4-7d5c-4c58-82d5-b9bb51a17e11
|
bv1zgo
|
what's the big deal with drake wearing that jersey to the NBA game?
|
It's not the last game of the finals, it is the first game and it is best of seven games, so first team to win four. Steph Curry plays for the Golden State Warriors (the opponent). Drake is wearing a Dell Curry jersey who is Steph Curry's dad that played for the Toronto Raptors in the 90s
|
b7f518d5-49e3-479f-bb61-636b5aac0270
|
bv23rd
|
How does decriminalization of drugs reduce drug abuse and crime in the countries that have done it?
|
Jailing addicts doesn't actually do anything for them. Being in prison doesn't make them want to use less, and usually they will go back to using once they get out. Except now they have no community, money, and likely cant find a job.
By decriminalizing you can bring the market out of the shadow and into the light, where it can be monitored and controlled. You can do things like set up clean needle dispensaries and places they can get their drugs checked for impurities. This essentially gives addicts a safe place to get high around medical staff instead of ODing in a bathroom somewhere. You can then take all that money that you spend on funding drug policing and put it into state sponsored rehab programs and mental health therapy instead.
Addicts have problems outside of being an addict, and as long as those problems persist they are going to keep on using. Throwing them into jail just adds more problems and results in them being fearful of looking for help when they actually want it.
|
a0c497af-1bb9-4c2f-b89a-ef21695c4280
|
bv26zy
|
What is happening on the micro scale when your back cracks.
|
Nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide gases trapped in capsules are released when the joint stretches
|
f9ca7283-f8aa-4cf9-af43-5d6e244671ec
|
bv28cd
|
How do certain places guarantee you’ll get a job after receiving their certifications?
|
Always read the actual guarantee.
None guarantee actual employment, they can't. What they do offer is varying levels of additional support, or partial refunds of tuition if you have followed all of their recommendations and an, in their opinion, reasonable amount of time has passed.
|
c63f64e6-debb-422f-b454-5f272e74d390
|
bv2agh
|
why does it matter who owns the “master recording” of an artists music?
|
That means the person/entity owns the right to that particular recording of the work. If that recording were to be used in a commercial/movie or be re-printed, it would be the owner who gets paid the licensing fee.
This is separate from the publishing rights, which is essentially who owns the composition or the song itself (not a/the recording of a song).
It’s mixed wether or not an artist owns the right to both of these. Unless they arranged a poor deal (or don’t write their own songs) an artist will often hold publishing rights, but not have master recording rights - either indefinitely, or until the label has recouped expenses and some percentage return on initial investment. But ultimately it comes down to each individual artist’s contracts.
|
6126e438-a286-4db4-9e98-a995d8634ac2
|
bv2bbx
|
Why do you have to pretend to sleep to fall asleep?
|
To go to sleep you brain has to slowly begin to shut down, if your doing something then you brain is working and therefore not shutting down so you can sleep. And as for laying down with your eyes closed, that's because it's pretty hard to sleep stood up with your eyes open
|
9e27cc48-c50f-47f0-ae0f-392cf55f2932
|
bv2jap
|
Why do cold cups “sweat” and leave water marks on the table?
|
The coldness causes the moisture in the air to condense and form beads of water on the side of the glass
|
3f7a6390-4ba3-4948-beba-5eb8f0cb8635
|
bv2k5v
|
Why is it so comfortable to sleep under a blanket, even when it’s not cold?
|
Also the slight pressure of something on your body. If you are wrapped up/covered, you are safer in your primitive mind. That why they sell weighted blankets that people can use for anxiety and other disorders. They also have weighted blankets with a cooling system in them for the warmer months/climates to keep you from overheating while still getting the benefits of the blanket
|
f275b942-31e5-40e7-bfb6-d4dfdcb0f32f
|
bv2onn
|
How and why do selfie cameras make you look different than when you look in the mirror? Is it something to do with the lens? Or perhaps the mentality of our perception?
|
Because you've only ever seen your reflection, which is a reverse image of how you really look. When you take a selfie, you are seeing yourself as you really are.
|
d2f5f7b8-5b2d-49ee-97a1-f1bb5663e042
|
bv2q7w
|
Why do arcade video games and flight simulators use mirrors to reflect the monitors instead of just letting you look at the monitor?
|
Talking about the old school arcade cabinets?
CRT monitors are big, and deep. If they put the CRT upright at eye level the cabinet would be twice as deep. Laying it down facing up at a mirror is much more compact.
|
288a598d-2777-4354-851a-fd1fbc868586
|
bv2qv1
|
How do marijuana laws work in Colorado and other recreational states. I honestly still don’t understand it
|
What do you mean? There's laws about who can grow it and how they have to set up their farm, and there's laws about who can sell it and how they have to set up their stores. There's also an age limit on who can buy it. It's not all that different from states that require liquor licenses to sell alcohol, except that the requirements are stricter.
|
2ed18f1c-c030-45fc-8b3d-8ace548e4902
|
bv2zc6
|
what is Habeas Corpus, and why did Abraham Lincoln suspend it ?
|
It’s the requirement that a person under arrest has to be brought before a court of law before being punished. He suspended it because of the nature of a Civil War, ie there are people all over that may side with the enemy. And they may do something like sabotage or run to the South to join an army. And since treason is really hard to actually convict someone of in the US, suspending habeas corpus meant these people could just be thrown in jail without worrying about a trial.
|
acf9b536-9ad0-4af2-93e1-334f6c180a73
|
bv3evd
|
How are electronics made water resistant or waterproof, even when they have perforated or moveable parts (i.e. like a phone )?
|
For total submersion you use parts that are sealed. The conductors of the connectors (charger, headphone jack) don't let water through. They use non corrosive metals like gold, which don't rust away when exposed to standing water.
The phone itself is sealed using rubber o-rings that prevent water from entering through the gaps where the enclosure needs to be sealed.
The speakers are connected to thin films that iirc are glued or otherwise sealed against the top of the enclosure so water doesn't enter the electrical area.
There is some controversy over design decisions like the purported reason for Apple removing the headphone jack to make the iPhone water tight, which is kinda true because it removes a point of failure and kinda false because there were other reasons, like allowing more space on the PCB for them to increase the battery size, or making money from air pods. At the end of the day any feature as big as waterproofing requires so many changes to the enclosure and assembly that it drastically impacts every other aspect of the design.
|
92b0175c-3d5e-47c0-9372-1ae0c391a964
|
bv3gv0
|
When someone gets punched/slapped so hard that they pass out, what is occurring in the brain that caused them to become unconscious?
|
A concussion.
& #x200B;
A concussion occurs when the brain is rapidly slammed into the sides of skull. This can cause a black-out due to the initial trauma the brain has. If a concussion is severe enough to cause a loss of consciousness, it's actually quite a serious medical condition.
|
3080a0a4-c817-443b-93a0-360cad9c86ae
|
bv3kyd
|
how does uv light clean stuff?
|
It doesn't clean stuff, but it kills. Specifically it kills microorganism.
The microorganism ar actually what we worry the most about when we worry about stuff being dirty. Dirt doesn't make you sick. Bacteria do and UV-light can kill bacteria.
This technology is used to for example make water safer to drink. It works well enough and is widely used around the world.
I would like caution though that a cheap USB-charger likely isn't going to be all that good at killing germs with UV light. I would not rely on the claims made by the manufacturer to keep you healthy.
|
0ac0f892-2bf4-4a96-8425-3e575ac12b6a
|
bv3q0j
|
What is happening in/to my eyes when my focus switches from content on my screen to the reflection on my screen?
|
Your eyes have a lens inside them, very similar to what you find on reading spectacles.
This lens takes light rays hitting it, and focusses them into a single sharp image. To see something clearly, you want that image to land exactly on your light sensors at the back of your eyeball.
When you look at objects near and far to you, that image shifts.
So your eyeball stretches or compresses that lens to ensure that the image always falls exactly on your light sensors.
The pupils also change size, but that doesn't actually help with making the image sharp, it just comes together with it as part of the package.
|
7912d2fa-3a4c-42c4-9248-4fc70705ee3b
|
bv40c8
|
How the power grid is able to work even when some circuits are not closed
|
The circuits are connected in parallel. If you cut off one of the circuits, the others are still connected.
Consider [this diagram](_URL_0_). If you remove one of the bulbs it only cuts off that circuit, but electricity can still flow through the other bulbs.
|
67ef4b54-4666-4413-92a0-4c5e53468fac
|
bv4ehw
|
Why does human (in general) seem to recall/retrieve dirty vocabulary much faster than “normal” ones?
|
_URL_0_
This is sort of tangentially related, but it speaks to why what you're describing happens; swearing isn't just encoded in the sense of vocabulary in our brains, it's also encoded emotionally. This is why it's much quicker so say "Fuck!" when you stub your toe than "I just stubbed my toe!". Swearing appears to be much more quickly accessible as an emotional response, similar to grunting or yelling in pain.
|
4f1f415e-79d7-427f-b3ae-f9d96a99bb01
|
bv4i69
|
How does running water reach the higher floors of skyscrapers?
|
There are booster pumps throughout that aid the water to reach the top, simultaneously there are pumps in the drainage to slow down the drop of water/waste
|
f5e4a51d-113a-4084-800c-75a5c07ce51e
|
bv4jyx
|
Why do liquors that are made from carb-heavy foods like potatoes (vodka) and sugar cane (rum) have no digestible carbs in them?
|
The carbs are broken down into sugar and then into alcohol by the yeast. So all you're left with is a sweet alcoholic mess.
|
8b8140a5-1b30-4db3-a9c7-e097fd240f16
|
bv4ll2
|
Why does keto work?
|
Keto works because your body likes carbs. Carbs are easier to break down and use for energy. When you eliminate carbs, your body starts looking for something else to use or energy. Fat is it's choice. It begins using fat for the primary energy source. So if your body is already using fat for energy, it will be easier for it to use fat reserves for energy when the calories you have eaten are depleted.
Been a few years since I studied this so I might not be exactly right.
|
a8a311dc-509c-4b25-ad54-2a548720f454
|
bv4rho
|
how we’re able to see satellites in low earth orbits during the night?
|
> surely in the middle of the night they’d all be blocked out
You are correct there. Unless the satellite has its own light source (there have been a couple of satellites that had bright LED lights as experiments), they rely on the sun and reflected sunlight to be visible. If you see something in the sky in the middle of the night, it is likely not a satellite.
|
7ea2c570-95fd-40c0-9004-9d42f933a397
|
bv4uxe
|
What keeps venomous/poisonous animals from harming themselves? Are they born with a genetic antidote?
|
Some actually can harm themselves. It depends on the animal. Others are immune to their own toxin, or super resilient to it.
|
097e748c-47df-4f63-8a35-83b14d6c3a36
|
bv4vx8
|
What happens during a seizure and what usually causes them?
|
I'm a disability support worker so I come across them quite a lot. All I can say is that they present differently from person to person with a huge variety of causes. I work a lot with a young man in a wheelchair and he will have both full body shaking seizures as well as vacant seizures in which he is completely still but isn't quite 'there'. You could yell next to his ear and he'd be pretty chill but if you cough or sneeze randomly it will always set him off. One day I put a coffee cup on a tile next to him and it made that weird reverberate noise which was enough to trigger him
|
8b742adf-2e65-43e0-8b98-2a6a0c2a553a
|
bv50dt
|
How do the muscles in our neck not hurt as much as other muscles do being tense all day long?
|
Your neck muscles, just like your eye muscles, are designed for endurance over raw strength. They're very efficient, which is why they usually don't feel sore.
If you are always looking down, your head is really heavy and your neck muscles have to work hard to keep it in the right position, and this load isn't something they're designed for, they don't have enough strength, so they end up sore.
It's a really common problem in this era of handphones and computers because we're always looking down.
|
cf5cdaf4-0de2-4479-baf2-b292e3426bc0
|
bv5fmi
|
Is it possible to use split radioactive waste until it reaches a stable element?
|
So if I was telling my five year old nephew why not - I'd say it is just way way easier and cheaper to collect the radioactive material and seal it underground in salt caverns and bury it in concrete.
& #x200B;
While it is possible, it would take so much energy that it would not be worth the endeavor. You could use a particle accelerator but the process would be very very very slow - think shooting 1-2 grains of sand/second at a wall to clean it from a compressed air source that takes a city block worth of electricity to run it. The big problem you have is there will not be a chain reaction of this nuclear material that is composed of a multitude of radioactive isotopes.
& #x200B;
This is the reason why Uranium needs to be enriched for a nuclear bomb though a lengthy process is to get it to an isotope that will when split and release so many neutrons that they will more than likely than not hit other Uranium isotopes, and they repeat the same, and so and and so on - making the famous nuclear chain reaction that is a nuclear bomb - also you have to have coordinated explosions that prompt a spherical implosion.
|
947a39b2-f488-4c5e-b035-9794a54d26cb
|
bv5psa
|
Where do politicians get their information from?
|
A certain one seems to get a lot of information from Fox News. But in general I believe they are briefed by various agencies depending on the situation, which can include intelligence agencies, and the governments also talk to each other.
But in many cases they don't seem to know that much either, like when a big-ass earthquake hits or a suspected terrorist attack, and you would see the president of the U.S. say they are aware of reports and monitoring the situation, but express condolences to those affected.
|
8b89bfa5-275b-42d7-ad44-465e3c5259c3
|
bv62ss
|
Why are rainforests always so wet?
|
When water evaporates in the ocean and forms clouds, wind pushes them around the globe. Sometimes they get pushed into mountains. Mountains cause the air to rise (imagine blowing air at a slope, it has to go up), and mountains usually have colder air masses over them any way. As the clouds cool, due to rising or entering a colder air mass, they can't hold as much water vapor before it condenses into droplets. Those droplets turn into rain. Mountains cause clouds to rain. You see rain forests in areas where prevailing wind patterns push air into large mountain ranges. In the northern hemisphere, air currents (generally) rotate clockwise, and counterclockwise in the southern hemisphere. In the northwest of North America, air currents off of the Pacific Ocean (which are coming from the east, or north east) push clouds into the Coast and Cascade Ranges. These are high enough that they cause the clouds to cool down and release their water as rain, causing rain forests in Washington and British Columbia. In South America, it's from the opposite direction. Air from the southern Atlantic blows in towards the Andes Mountains, which have the same effect, causing the clouds to rain over the Amazonian rain forest.
|
7ceeae65-36bd-437f-8176-574fe560b631
|
bv66hj
|
How is Uber losing money?
|
For every $10 you pay the app, Uber takes about $6. It spends $4 on insurance and cost of running the app. It also spends about $1 on marketing, $1 on research and development, $1 on other administrative stuffs. That net -$1. *
*Numbers aren’t actual.
Edit: 2018 actual numbers:
$6 revenue
- $3 cost of revenue (insurance, processing fees, incentives)
- $1 operations and support
- $2 marketing
- $1 research and development
- $1 general administrative
So that’s -$2 before interests and tax
|
c80ca1e3-ccf8-4588-9505-ee6b9f44cd38
|
bv6cyz
|
How do relational databases work?
|
Let's say we're trying to maintain a family tree. We know about people. Every person has a name, a father, a mother, a date of birth, maybe a date of death, and maybe a list of addresses (birth place, places where they lived, burial site, etc.). Imagine writing all this down on a sheet of paper in a table format. Each person has a row, and each thing we know about that person has a column.
How do we deal with those addresses? Each address has a number, a street, a city, a state or province, a country, and maybe a postal code. So maybe five or six columns for each address. If you just record birth place and burial site, that's ten or twelve columns right there. The table starts getting a little cramped. If we want to track every place the person lived, it gets even worse, and what happens if you lay out the table to keep track of four total addresses, but someone has lived in ten different places?
We might solve the problem by writing things down in two different tables. We have one that lists the people, and we have another where we list all the addresses we know. Then in the table listing the people, we have one column for each address where we use some sort of number or tag to indicate which address we are referring to. That makes the table easier to read. If you don't need the addresses when you're reading the list of people, you can just ignore those columns, and they don't really get in the way. If you need the address, you can look it up in the address table.
It doesn't solve the problem of how you deal with some people having a lot of addresses, though. So, there's another approach. You can make a third table. In this one you have three columns. For each person, you have a row for each address we know about them. One column indicates who the person is. One indicates which address we want. And a third column says what the address means "birth place," "burial site," "residence", etc. This approach is more complicated. To find a person's birth place, you look for the row with their tag on it and the meaning "birth place". That gives you the indicator for the address. Then you can look up that address in the addresses table. This is more complicated, but it's more flexible. It lets you track as many addresses per person as you like. This new table, by the way, is called an "association table" because it associates or connects two other table: people, and addresses. Also, it means that you don't have to have columns for addresses in the table of people, making it a little easier to read.
For all of this to work, these different tables need to have some way of pointing to a specific row in another table. For the association table, it's no good to write "John Smith" for the person, because there are so many "John Smiths". There are several ways to deal with this, but the easiest is to add another column to the people table where we write a unique number for each person. Then we can refer to that person by their number. That column is what we call an ID or a "key".
This is the core of relational databases but on paper. You have more than one table written down, and you have IDs or keys for each row in the tables that you can use to relate two or more tables together. There's a lot more going on in relational database than this, but this is kind of the heart of it.
|
f914c17f-2279-4231-b3d7-2e55623c4029
|
bv6ffv
|
Why do scientists think that time is an illusion?
|
i didnt hear people saying that time is an illusion, do you mean that time is relative?
|
cae47711-0dc8-4ac1-b9e5-7286a105822d
|
bv6gs5
|
Why is the brain "wrinkly"? How does a larger surface area of the brain give us more of an advantage over volume?
|
because the cores of your neurons are only located at the surface of your brain, the interiour consistd of their connections if im not mistaken. a larger surface volume leaves you with more neurons in total
|
afd5840f-26d3-4cba-8158-c4282de0560c
|
bv6kgx
|
How do tarrifs work?
|
So let's say that I'm building widgets in my factory in Canada. These are fine widgets. I make them for $70 each, and they sell (to stores) for $80. There are also factories in America that produce and sell widgets at around the same price. That puts us in competition; after all, people only need to buy so many widgets per year, but they do need widgets. You can't *not* have a widget, after all.
American shops buy widgets at around $80, then sell them on to the customer at $100. Everyone gets a profit, and because there's very little difference in cost, it doesn't really matter whether the widgets used are Canadian or American. Some people prefer one; some the other.
But say the President wants to boost the American widget industry. He can either do that by putting money into US widgets (either directly or via things like lowering their taxes to make it a more profitable venture), or by making Canadian widgets less attractive. He chooses the latter. He decides that from now on, anyone importing Canadian widgets is going to have to pay an extra $20 to get their widgets across the border. Here's the logic:
American stores now have a choice between buying American widgets for $80, or Canadian widgets for $100. Given that the market pretty much lets them sell widgets at or around $100, they're suddenly making *much* less profit on Canadian widgets. To make more profit on widgets, they either need to increase the price they sell Canadian widgets at (making them less attractive to consumers, driving them towards buying American widgets and increasing demand), or they need to stop buying Canadian widgets for resale, meaning that they'll have to buy American widgets instead. In the long term, if the price of importing widgets from Canada becomes too high, companies might choose to just produce widgets in the US rather than sending their widget-making jobs abroad. That's jobs for the US workforce, which means taxes for the US government. Either way, it's a win for the hardy American widget manufacturer *and* the wider population.
In theory.
*Except.*
There are a couple of things that can go wrong here. The first is that Canada does the same thing to American widgets, but also puts tariffs on American doohickeys and thingumabobs. Now the doohickey and thingumabob industry are pissed at you because you've just dragged them into a trade war that they wanted no part of; by trying to help one industry, you've hurt another.
The second is that some stores may not have access to American widgets to sell. If you sell the kind of widget that they only make in Canada, you're pretty much boned. All of a sudden, you're now not making a profit unless you sell your widgets at $120. You can't afford to keep the store open without it, but because people need widgets, they have to pay extra. Now you're just hurting the American consumer, because they're paying more for their widgets.
The third is that American stores don't *really* want to lose money, and may see a business opportunity. They may just start selling Canadian widgets at $120, but they may increase the price of American widgets too -- because after all, if you need a widget and the Canadians can't drop their prices (because of the tariffs keeping it artificially high), you're still going to have to spend the money. Why not make them spend $120 on a Canadian widget (giving you $20 profit) or $110 on American widgets (making you $30 profit)?
This is the most ELI5 version. There are lots of other things that can happen too. (Notably, a tariff often has the effect of devaluing the currency of the target population. That means that goods are cheaper when you buy them abroad, which may -- in some cases -- temporarily make it *more* profitable to buy Canadian widgets if the Canadian dollar takes a hit.)
|
de85e134-e0a2-4bd5-a376-18a33ee49303
|
bv6n21
|
Why are planetary rovers built in clean rooms if they're just going to get covered in dust when they arrive at destination planet?
|
part of the idea is that *we really don't want to introduce foreign bacteria to other planets*.
Foreign in this case means our own.
If we are going to another planet to study bacteria, to learn about the evolution of other planets, it's pretty useless as a science experiment if we bring along our own shit too.
And it's...unethical. What if what we bring kill something that actually IS alive on that planet?
|
d8b982fc-b9ff-4512-9dba-8140884616aa
|
bv6w2w
|
Why do cold drinks feel more hydrating than hot drinks?
|
The further away from body temperature (98.6 degrees Fahrenheit) something is, the more obviously we can sense it. I imagine drinking boiling water would be equally as refreshing if our nerves didn’t send pain signals.
|
0d3036eb-b24d-40d6-b151-3a49fcf88376
|
bv6whs
|
Why do non-criminals care if Google collects their data?
|
Do you want marketing firms to know what kind of weird ass porn you're into? Or what kind of stuff you talk about with others in your home around your Google home device? Or that you have a particularly troublesome medical condition? Google knows all of these things, and absent privacy policies has no obligation not to sell or publish that information. Anything you've ever googled, done in a Chrome browser, Gmail, etc. is all available to Google. No big deal, right? It's only motivated by profit, so what harm can come of it?
|
d195be18-fcc5-49cc-8b4f-3cf804f9d503
|
bv6zpk
|
Why does your heart beat faster as you inhale and slower as you exhale?
|
Breathing in expands your rib cage, and in turn removes pressure on major blood vessels like the vena cava. This briefly lowers your blood pressure and your heart responds by pumping slightly faster
|
140fe46b-9515-4caf-a269-1a438de2c9b2
|
bv73q3
|
How does moving horizontally prevent satellites from falling towards earth?
|
Stand on a mountain and throw a ball. It moves horizontally to the surface of the Earth, but gravity pulls out down so it eventually his the ground.
Now imagine a really tall mountain and you throw the ball really fast. It moves away from the Earth because you are on the high mountain, but gravity pulls it back towards the Earth as well.
There is a specific velocity where these forces balance out and the ball "falls" all the way around the Earth and just keeps falling. That's a satellite.
It's not just the horizontal motion. The horizontal motion is a result of the upward motion and the pull of gravity.
|
1c4f43d9-455f-4dd2-8aba-92634262715e
|
bv75wq
|
Why are some foods (peanuts, etc.) more likely to cause an allergic reaction than others?
|
It's not something fully understood yet, but there's a lot of theories.
Interestingly, what is considered a declarable allergen varies in regions- in Australia it is peanuts, tree nuts, sesame seeds, eggs, dairy, fish, shellfish, wheat, soy and recently added are lupins. In Europe, the list is mostly the same but adds mustard and celery/celeriac- why in Europe and not Australia and USA would there be mustard and celery allergy enough to put it on the list? It's so weird!
|
33c86009-1402-47c2-b0b0-6ad80f201885
|
bv7m5i
|
I understand that at the end of the day consumers pay for tariffs, but where does the money from those tariffs go?
|
> **I understand that at the end of the day consumers pay for tariffs**
Tariffs are paid by whoever imports the product. Sometimes they pass the whole cost on to the consumer, sometimes some of the cost, and sometimes none of it. There's no hard-and-fast rule.
& #x200B;
> **but where does the money from those tariffs go?**
A tariff is a tax. It goes to the the government like any other tax
|
1afe7499-8c47-4430-9c1a-e4b49b8b3e86
|
bv7pyr
|
Why do people in the western world see alcohol as fine, but other, objectively less harmfull drugs as extremely dangerous?
|
Propaganda from the govt in the past so they could get the people on their side and a lot of it people still believe
|
9bc29923-64ca-4e07-971c-bb6e8493f4d6
|
bv7sux
|
Why can I see what looks like window tint glue/adhesive only when I have sunglasses on?
|
So your talking specifically about polarized sunglasses which have coatings that filter out horizontal light waves.
When you look at other glass or tints with that, you will see that essentially line up its light distortion with your light distortion
|
c2fe22d2-ee5c-4c1c-946b-98ce8a152bef
|
bv842s
|
Why are the helmets of an astronauts reflective?
|
The Sun is **very bright** in space. Too bright for the austronaut's eyes. Helmets have a reflective shield to cut out about 2/3 of the light. The shield can be stowed, so they can see when in the shadow of Earth, but pictures aren't taken in the dark much, so you usually see it deployed in photos.
|
4196db70-449f-40d0-84f8-13b3bedfae01
|
bv8d4c
|
Why do bees die after they sting something?
|
The stingers have barbs which face the opposite way to the stinger, like a hook.
When they pull away the stinger comes off the bee along with its organs, the stinger stays embedded and the bee dies shortly after
|
8acbbc9b-eefc-4c80-a2a3-0ec4fa08aeac
|
bv8fej
|
Why do some airplanes leave a white trail after them while others do not?
|
The same reason some mornings you can see your breath and other mornings you cannot.
Just like you, airplanes exhaust hot, humid air as a result of burning fuel. When conditions are right in the surrounding air, that water condenses into tiny droplets which are seen as white trails, and other times it remains the same invisible exhaust.
|
9ea5b392-968e-452c-a953-ab5e20438e14
|
bv8ifb
|
how do football (soccer) clubs communicate with each other over transfers of players and how do they pay?
|
They have an entire financial team that deals with the process. They have a huge scouting team that go out and watch thousands of games a season who make recommendations to the manager or director of football or someone else inside the club.
Agents communicate with the club on behalf of the player.
Contracts and financial agreements are drawn up, the figures you see in the media like “£100m” are hyperbole somewhat, generally there’s a bunch of clauses and caveats, sometimes the media even include the value of the players contract in the total figure. They don’t literally just hand over millions of pounds in cash. The manager will also have players he knows he wants.
|
c4451da2-d5d6-4f64-b122-7b8ce2c774dc
|
bv8qma
|
How does an Ames Room work?
|
Something that might help you understand the Ames room effect is that our brain loves taking shortcuts. The more that it can think less about, the more that it can fill in based on its past experience, the better.
How does this apply to the Ames room? Well, when you look at a room, you expect that it's a cuboid, right? That the rear corners exist in the same horizontal plane, equally far from the eye. However, the Ames room is specifically constructed so that while this *appears* to be the case, one corner is actually farther away from you than the other.
Thus, when a person stands at the true far corner of the room, the mismatch between the distances (where the corner *is* versus where we *perceive it to be*) makes it appear to us as though the person is far shorter than normal. When the person walks from the far corner to the near corner, they appear to become far taller than normal. The room's geometry is such that, even though we obviously know people can't shrink and grow, they nevertheless appear to.
|
c513a7a9-66a0-46b5-a5d1-d7144fbce0a4
|
bv8tov
|
what is an unpaired electron?
|
Not many elements exist as monatomic gases, at least room not at temperature and pressure. Basically just the noble gases, which not only have all their electrons paired, but also have full valence shells.
Fluorine exists as a diatomic gas, where the would-be-unpaired electrons pair up "between" atoms into the covalent bond that holds the atoms together. Solid lithium is a metal and has metallic bonding, the bonds are diffuse over the entire aggregate rather than easily located between pairs of atoms. But still, part of that bonding is that the would-be unpaired electrons pair up.
|
50924470-e6bf-46f1-b226-e3a274552c20
|
bv94wh
|
Who were the protestants, why is there still such a divide between them and Catholics, and how was Henry VIII involved?
|
Protestants are a group of christians who didn't like how the Catholic church was changing. There were many critisms, often revolving around how the church was too secular or corrupt, and that it was selling piety. The reforms started with a German named Martin Luther, who released some papers critising the church. The major difference between Protestants and Catholics is their attitude to the Pope - Protestants do not recognise the supremacy of the Pope over Christianity, Catholics do. There is a divide because there are significant differences between how they worship their God, and how their Churches are structured.
England was a Catholic country up untill Henry the 8th. He wanted a divorce from his first wife, but the Pope didn't allow it. So he reformed the Church in the UK, declaring himself its head, and England became protestant country. This also aided him as he was able to seize the Church's wealth (in England) which helped fund his wars.
|
cf820787-420e-4537-903f-75c53b53ef88
|
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