response
stringlengths 236
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|---|---|---|
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'membrane proteins are very difficult to crystallize and most of them will not dissolve in normal solvents.'",
"The ANSWER provided is 'membrane proteins.'",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 308 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 21 cases were linked to two clusters in Germany and France, not Germany and Italy.",
"The ANSWER incorrectly mentions Italy instead of France.",
"The DOCUMENT confirms that 14 cases were infected in China, which is correctly stated in the ANSWER."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,759 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks for the technology invention that produced antibodies that are clones of a unique parent cell.",
"The DOCUMENT mentions that 'Major strides in the B cell and antibody field followed in the 1970s with the development of hybridoma technology to produce monoclonal antibodies.'",
"The ANSWER states 'in the 1980s with the development of hybridoma technology to produce monoclonal antibodies.'",
"The DOCUMENT specifies the development of hybridoma technology in the 1970s, not the 1980s.",
"The ANSWER is not faithful to the DOCUMENT because it incorrectly states the decade of the development of hybridoma technology."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 148 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'Hepcidin is a low molecular weight, antimicrobial peptide hormone and was first discovered in human urine.'",
"The ANSWER provided is 'human urine.'",
"The ANSWER directly matches the information given in the DOCUMENT without adding or contradicting any details."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 188 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) accounts for 600,000 hospitalizations each year.",
"The ANSWER provided is '600,000'.",
"The ANSWER does not offer new information beyond the context provided in the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER does not contradict any information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 407 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The ANSWER correctly mentions the structural analysis of the S protein of 2019-nCoV with the SARS-Coronavirus and the interaction with human ACE2, which is discussed in the DOCUMENT.",
"The DOCUMENT states that ACE2 is abundantly present in the epithelia of the small intestine, not the large intestine as mentioned in the ANSWER.",
"The ANSWER correctly notes that ACE2 is present in the respiratory tract and endothelial cells, which is consistent with the DOCUMENT.",
"The DOCUMENT suggests that the presence of ACE2 in these areas might provide possible routes of transmission and account for the high transmission capacity of the virus, which is accurately reflected in the ANSWER."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,472 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that testing of suspected cases based on geographical risk of importation needs to be complemented with additional approaches to ensure early detection of local circulation of COVID-19.",
"The DOCUMENT specifically mentions testing of severe acute respiratory infections in hospitals irrespective of travel history as recommended in the WHO case definition updated on 27 February 2020.",
"The ANSWER correctly reflects the need for testing based on geographical risk and additional approaches for early detection of local circulation.",
"However, the ANSWER incorrectly mentions 'mild respiratory infections' instead of 'severe acute respiratory infections' as stated in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,800 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT mentions that the small size of marmosets makes them suitable for housing more statistically relevant numbers within high containment.",
"The DOCUMENT states that the immune response of marmosets to infection is comparable to humans, which is crucial for pathogen research.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 352 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer correctly mentions that rampant coronavirus replication in the pulmonary alveolus can lead to the breakdown of the alveolar vessel and subsequent virus leakage into the blood flow, which disseminates the virus across the whole body. This is consistent with the information in the DOCUMENT.",
"The answer also correctly states that the virus can establish reinfection in the digestive tract by using the highly expressed ACE2 receptor, which is supported by the DOCUMENT.",
"However, the answer introduces new information by stating that the virus is able to replicate in the liver, which is not mentioned in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,473 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that early life pneumonia can impair long-term lung health by decreasing lung function.",
"It also mentions that severe or recurrent pneumonia can have a worse effect on lung function.",
"The answer further suggests that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) might be related to early childhood pneumonia.",
"These points are directly supported by the DOCUMENT, which states: 'Early life pneumonia can impair longterm lung health by decreasing lung function [6]. Severe or recurrent pneumonia can have a worse effect on lung function; increasing evidence suggests that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease might be related to early childhood pneumonia [7, 8].'"
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 112 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that a novel coronavirus, later named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was identified in December 2019 in the city of Wuhan, China.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'December 2019'.",
"The ANSWER does not contradict the information provided in the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER does not offer new information beyond the context provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,312 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that humanitarian WASH standards are based on evidence pertaining to the prevention of illnesses transmitted by the faecal-oral route, not respiratory droplets.",
"The focus mentioned in the DOCUMENT is on hand hygiene proximate to latrines, which is consistent with the faecal-oral route of transmission.",
"The ANSWER incorrectly states that the standards are based on evidence pertaining to the prevention of illnesses transmitted by respiratory droplets, which contradicts the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,996 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks for the third most prevalent cancer in females in the United States.",
"The DOCUMENT states that colorectal cancer is the third most prevalent cancer among females in the United States.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'lung cancer,' which is not mentioned in the DOCUMENT as the third most prevalent cancer among females."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 422 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided ANSWER states that the interaction between the viral spike protein and the human ACE2 receptor might account for the high transmission capacity of the 2019-nCoV virus.",
"The DOCUMENT mentions that ACE2 is present in the epithelia of the small intestine and the respiratory tract, and this might provide possible routes of transmission.",
"The DOCUMENT also suggests that the interaction between the viral spike protein and ACE2 could be a factor in the virus's transmission capacity.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information beyond what is provided in the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER does not contradict any information in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,472 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks why civets were proposed to be an intermediate host of the bat-CoVs, capable of spreading SARS CoV to humans.",
"The provided ANSWER states: 'It was proposed that the S gene from bat-derived CoV, unlike that from human patients-or civets-derived viruses, was able to use human ACE2 as a receptor for entry into human cells.'",
"The DOCUMENT mentions that civets were proposed to be an intermediate host of the bat-CoVs, capable of spreading SARS CoV to humans.",
"The DOCUMENT also states that the S gene from bat-derived CoV, unlike that from human patients-or civets-derived viruses, was unable to use human ACE2 as a receptor for entry into human cells.",
"The provided ANSWER is a direct quote from the DOCUMENT but does not address the QUESTION about why civets were proposed as an intermediate host.",
"The ANSWER does not explain the role of civets in the context of the QUESTION and instead focuses on the S gene from bat-derived CoV."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 625 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks for the duration from illness onset to first medical visit.",
"The DOCUMENT states: 'The duration from illness onset to first medical visit for the 45 patients with illness onset before January 1 was estimated to have a mean of 5.8 days (95% CI: 4.3-7.5)'.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'a mean of 5.8 days (95% CI: 4.3-7.5)'.",
"The ANSWER directly matches the information provided in the DOCUMENT without adding or contradicting any information."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,492 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states: 'The risk of developing at least one of the major sequelae was estimated as 6% after an ambulatory pneumonia event and 14% after an episode of hospitalized pneumonia.'",
"The ANSWER states: 'The risk of developing at least one of the major sequelae was estimated as 8% after an ambulatory pneumonia event and 16% after an episode of hospitalized pneumonia.'",
"The percentages provided in the ANSWER (8% and 16%) do not match the percentages provided in the DOCUMENT (6% and 14%).",
"The ANSWER contradicts the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 113 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks for the number of inbound passengers from China.",
"The DOCUMENT states that the total volume of inbound passengers from China was 63.1 million per year in 2017.",
"The ANSWER provided is '63.1 million per year in 2017'.",
"The ANSWER directly matches the information provided in the DOCUMENT without adding or contradicting any details."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,515 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that the total length of stay and expenditure for patients with SSIs after CABG surgery is significantly longer and higher than those without SSIs.",
"The DOCUMENT explicitly mentions that 'The total length of stay and expenditure for patients with SSIs after CABG surgery is significantly longer and higher than those without SSIs.'",
"The provided answer does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 368 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'Ae. albopictus became the main vector for CHIKV within 1-2 y after CHIKV was introduced to the region.'",
"The ANSWER provided is 'Ae. albopictus'.",
"The ANSWER is directly supported by the information in the DOCUMENT.",
"There is no contradiction or additional information in the ANSWER that is not present in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,243 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that evolution is stepwise and accrues mutations gradually over time.",
"It also mentions that synthetic constructs typically use a known backbone and introduce logical or targeted changes.",
"The DOCUMENT supports these points by explaining that naturally occurring patterns of mutations are typical of evolutionary processes, while synthetic constructs involve targeted changes.",
"The DOCUMENT specifically contrasts the random mutations in naturally isolated viruses with the logical changes in synthetic constructs.",
"The answer does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 635 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT mentions that vaccination against FIPV with an attenuated, temperature-sensitive strain of type II FIPV induces low antibody titre in kittens that have not been exposed to FCoV.",
"The ANSWER correctly identifies the type of vaccine as an attenuated, temperature-sensitive strain of type II FIPV.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 325 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that all cases were confirmed according to specific assays targeting at least two separate genes.",
"The specific genes mentioned in the DOCUMENT are the envelope (E) gene as a screening test and either the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene or the nucleoprotein (N) gene for confirmation.",
"The ANSWER correctly mentions the use of assays targeting at least two separate genes, specifically the envelope (E) gene for screening and the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene or nucleoprotein (N) gene for confirmation.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,793 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the mouse-adapted SARS virus (MA15) was generated by serial passage in mice, leading to six coding genetic mutations associated with mouse adaptation.",
"It is mentioned that due to these mouse adaptations, it is likely that MA15 is highly attenuated to replicate in human cells or patients.",
"The ANSWER, 'due to the human adaptation,' contradicts the DOCUMENT, which attributes the attenuation to mouse adaptation, not human adaptation."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 624 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT explicitly states that there is no specific treatment for MERS-CoV.",
"The DOCUMENT mentions that treatment options for MERS-CoV are supportive and symptomatic, similar to most viral infections.",
"The ANSWER accurately reflects the information provided in the DOCUMENT without adding any new information or contradicting the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 162 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that testing sites have reported as many as 35 to 50% of individuals with an initial positive test result will not return for a confirmatory diagnosis if follow-up laboratory testing is required.",
"The ANSWER provided is '30 to 50%', which does not match the range given in the DOCUMENT.",
"The correct range according to the DOCUMENT is '35 to 50%'."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 340 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT lists extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), p38 MAPK, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) as examples of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs).",
"The DOCUMENT does not mention protein kinase C (PKC) as a mitogen-activated protein kinase.",
"The ANSWER includes PKC, which is not supported by the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,031 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that in 1918 and 1919, physicians and nurses almost had nothing in their hands to help individuals who were infected by influenza viruses.",
"The DOCUMENT supports this statement by mentioning that during the 1918-1919 influenza pandemic, physicians and nurses had almost nothing to help individuals infected by influenza viruses.",
"The answer does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 2,005 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 14 cases were infected in China, specifying Hubei province (10 cases), Shandong province (one case), and three cases with the province not reported.",
"The DOCUMENT also states that the remaining 21 cases were infected in Europe, specifically linked to clusters in Bavaria, Germany (14 cases), and Haute-Savoie, France (7 cases).",
"The ANSWER correctly mentions the 14 cases infected in China but incorrectly states that the remaining 21 cases were infected in Asia, which contradicts the DOCUMENT that specifies these cases were infected in Europe."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,773 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks what the author anticipates that continued efforts will lead to.",
"The provided ANSWER states: 'Another mRNA under post-transcriptional regulation by Regnase-1 and tristetraprolin.'",
"The DOCUMENT mentions that 'Another mRNA under post-transcriptional regulation by Regnase-1 and Roquin is Furin,' not tristetraprolin.",
"The DOCUMENT does not support the claim that tristetraprolin is involved in the regulation of the specific mRNA mentioned in the ANSWER.",
"The ANSWER introduces incorrect information that contradicts the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,833 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks about the increasingly apparent role of RNA methylation machinery.",
"The DOCUMENT states that the RNA methylation machinery plays a role in controlling inflammatory mRNA stability.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'in controlling inflammatory mRNA stability.'",
"The ANSWER directly matches the information provided in the DOCUMENT without adding or contradicting any details."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,828 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 2019-nCoV was found in oral swabs, anal swabs, and blood.",
"The DOCUMENT indicates that there were more oral swab positives than anal swab positives in the early stage of infection, but this trend reversed in the later stage of infection.",
"The DOCUMENT suggests that 2019-nCoV can be transmitted through respiratory, fecal-oral, or body fluid routes.",
"The ANSWER correctly mentions the presence of 2019-nCoV in anal swabs and blood.",
"The ANSWER incorrectly states that there were more oral swab positives than anal swab positives in the later stage of infection, which contradicts the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,746 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the performance of the NINA heaters was validated using whole blood specimens from HIV-1 infected patients.",
"The QUESTION asks specifically about what was used to measure the performance of the NINA heaters.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'whole blood specimens,' which directly aligns with the information given in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 338 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided ANSWER lists three developments made possible by the study of B-cell repertoire: (1) vaccine candidates that elicit protective antibodies, (2) antibodies that prevent disease when given prophylactically, and (3) antibodies that can be given as therapy after the onset of disease.",
"The DOCUMENT supports these points by stating that methods to probe the antigen-specific B cell response have advanced our understanding of how to harness the B cell repertoire for developing vaccine candidates, prophylactic antibodies, and therapeutic antibodies.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information beyond what is provided in the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER does not contradict any information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 150 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT clearly states that under-reporting was likely to have occurred from 1 to 15 January 2020.",
"The ANSWER suggests that under-reporting occurred during the second half of January 2020, which contradicts the information provided in the DOCUMENT.",
"The DOCUMENT provides multiple references to the period of under-reporting being from 1 to 15 January 2020, with no mention of under-reporting specifically during the second half of January 2020."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,901 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT explicitly states that 'In the WHO European Region, COVID-19 surveillance was implemented 27 January 2020.'",
"The ANSWER provided is '27 January 2020,' which directly matches the information given in the DOCUMENT.",
"There is no additional or contradictory information in the ANSWER compared to the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,757 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks about the consequence of lack of deletions in Yunnan strains.",
"The DOCUMENT states that some Yunnan strains such as the WIV1 had no such deletions and can use human ACE2 as a cellular entry receptor.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'can use human ACE2 as a cellular entry receptor.'",
"The ANSWER directly reflects the information given in the DOCUMENT without adding or contradicting any details."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,946 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the mouse-adapted SARS virus (MA15) was generated by serial passage in mice, leading to six coding genetic mutations associated with mouse adaptation.",
"It is mentioned that due to these adaptations, it is likely that MA15 is highly attenuated to replicate in human cells or patients.",
"The ANSWER 'due to the mouse adaptation' directly reflects this information without adding or contradicting any details from the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 624 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the FPASSA-ANFIS model is evaluated using the World Health Organization (WHO) official data of the outbreak of COVID-19 to forecast the confirmed cases of the upcoming ten days.",
"The ANSWER incorrectly states that the FPASSA-ANFIS model is used to forecast the confirmed cases of the upcoming five days.",
"This discrepancy indicates that the ANSWER is not faithful to the DOCUMENT as it contradicts the provided information."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 506 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided ANSWER states that significant resources for contact tracing and quarantine are required for locally acquired cases.",
"It also mentions that countries should be prepared to allocate considerable public health resources during the containment phase if local clusters emerge.",
"Additionally, the ANSWER highlights the importance of prompt sharing of information on cases and contacts through national notification systems such as the International Health Regulations (IHR) mechanism and the European Commission's European Early Warning and Response System to contain international spread of infection.",
"The DOCUMENT supports these points by stating that locally acquired cases require significant resources for contact tracing and quarantine.",
"The DOCUMENT also emphasizes the need for countries to be prepared to allocate considerable public health resources during the containment phase if local clusters emerge.",
"Furthermore, the DOCUMENT underscores the importance of prompt sharing of information on cases and contacts through international notification systems to contain the spread of infection."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | FAIL | 1,798 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT specifically mentions HT-29 cells as the model used for colon cancer studies.",
"There is no mention of HCT-116 cells in the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER 'HCT-116 cells' is not supported by the DOCUMENT and introduces new information not present in the provided text."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 428 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'parainfluenza infection, old age, and immunosuppression were independently associated with lower RTIs.'",
"The ANSWER mentions 'parainfluenza infection, young age, and immunosuppression.'",
"The ANSWER correctly identifies 'parainfluenza infection' and 'immunosuppression' as risk factors.",
"However, the ANSWER incorrectly states 'young age' instead of 'old age' as a risk factor.",
"This discrepancy means the ANSWER is not fully faithful to the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 229 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that nuclear receptors (NRs) can regulate various biological processes.",
"Specifically, the DOCUMENT mentions homeostasis, differentiation, embryonic development, and organ physiology as processes regulated by NRs.",
"The ANSWER lists homeostasis, differentiation, embryonic development, and organ physiology as processes regulated by NRs.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 300 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT describes the use of multimodal imaging techniques such as blue autofluorescence (BAF), spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), infrared (IR) photography, fluorescein angiography (FA), and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) in diagnosing MEWDS.",
"The DOCUMENT specifically mentions that multimodal imaging is crucial for the diagnosis of MEWDS and can help differentiate it from other conditions like optic neuritis.",
"The ANSWER, 'multimodal imaging,' directly aligns with the information provided in the DOCUMENT and does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 254 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that frontline health care workers engaged in direct diagnosis, treatment, and care of patients with COVID-19 were associated with a higher risk of symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and distress.",
"The odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (CI) for depression, anxiety, and insomnia in the answer match those in the document.",
"The OR and CI for distress in the answer are given as OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.25-2.04; P = .05.",
"The document states the OR and CI for distress as OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.25-2.04; P < .001.",
"The p-value for distress in the answer (P = .05) does not match the p-value in the document (P < .001)."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 467 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT explicitly states that 'Transmissibility and severity are the 2 most critical factors that determine the effect of an epidemic.'",
"The ANSWER provided is 'Transmissibility and severity,' which directly matches the critical factors mentioned in the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 87 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the RNA methylation machinery plays a role in controlling inflammatory mRNA stability.",
"The ANSWER claims that the RNA methylation machinery is involved in regulating inflammatory mRNA translation.",
"There is a discrepancy between 'controlling mRNA stability' and 'regulating mRNA translation'.",
"The DOCUMENT does not mention RNA methylation machinery's role in translation, only in stability."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,828 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the word 'chikungunya' translates in Swahili to 'the illness of the bended walker'.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'the illness of the bent walker'.",
"The terms 'bended' and 'bent' are synonymous in this context and do not alter the meaning."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | FAIL | 1,205 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) is widely applied in time series prediction and forecasting problems.",
"The DOCUMENT provides specific examples of ANFIS applications in forecasting stock prices, electricity prices, building energy consumption, electricity loads, return products, and product development performance.",
"The DOCUMENT does not mention image classification and recognition problems as applications of ANFIS."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 512 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that there are no remarkable differences between the orfs and nsps of 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV.",
"The DOCUMENT mentions that there are no remarkable differences between the orfs and nsps of 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV.",
"The DOCUMENT also highlights specific differences in orf3b, Spike, and orf8, but these are not part of the general orfs and nsps comparison."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,935 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT does not provide a specific percentage for the fatality rate of SARS-CoV.",
"The DOCUMENT mentions that the case fatality rate for SARS was approximately 10%.",
"The ANSWER states a fatality rate of 15%, which is not mentioned or supported by the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 777 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that decreasing immunopathology by immunomodulation can lead to increased pathogen burden.",
"The DOCUMENT also mentions that this increased pathogen burden can result in increased virus-induced pathology.",
"The ANSWER accurately reflects these points without adding new information or contradicting the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 922 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) is tasked with translating the biomedical research output of Japan.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'translating the biomedical research output of that country.'",
"The ANSWER is consistent with the information provided in the DOCUMENT and does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,852 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks about the length of orf8 in Human SARS-CoVs isolated from early-phase patients, all civet SARS-CoVs, and other bat SARS-related CoVs.",
"The DOCUMENT states that 'Human SARS-CoVs isolated from early-phase patients, all civet SARS-CoVs, and other bat SARS-related CoVs contain full-length orf8.'",
"The ANSWER provided is 'truncated orf8'.",
"The ANSWER contradicts the information in the DOCUMENT, which specifies that these viruses contain full-length orf8, not truncated orf8."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,951 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT mentions MVO in the context of swarm intelligence (SI) methods used to enhance the ANFIS model for time series forecasting.",
"Specifically, the DOCUMENT states: 'The SI methods include the particle swarm optimization (PSO) [31, 32], social-spider optimization [33], sine-cosine algorithm (SCA) [34], and multi-verse optimizer (MVO) [35].'",
"The term 'multi-verse optimizer' is explicitly mentioned in the DOCUMENT, which aligns with the provided ANSWER.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | FAIL | 518 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT mentions several parameters used to measure antioxidant levels, including total antioxidant status (TAS) and superoxide dismutase.",
"The ANSWER specifies 'superoxide dismutase' as the parameter used to measure antioxidant levels.",
"The DOCUMENT does mention superoxide dismutase as an antioxidant parameter, but it is not the primary focus of the study. The primary focus is on TAS and TOS.",
"The ANSWER does not contradict the DOCUMENT, but it does not fully capture the primary parameters (TAS and TOS) used in the study."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 198 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that evolutionary distances were computed using the Poisson correction method.",
"The units used for these distances were the number of amino acid substitutions per site.",
"The ANSWER correctly mentions the Poisson correction method and the units of the number of amino acid substitutions per site."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,930 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks for the number of cases per week at the epidemic peak on the island.",
"The DOCUMENT states that during the peak of the 2005-2006 epidemic in La Reunion islands, over 46,000 cases were reported every week.",
"The ANSWER provided is '46,000'.",
"The ANSWER matches the information given in the DOCUMENT and does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,210 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks for the duration of hospitalisation reported for 16 cases.",
"The DOCUMENT states: 'The duration of hospitalisation was reported for 16 cases with a median of 13 days (range: 8-23 days).'",
"The ANSWER provided is 'a median of 13 days (range: 8-23 days)', which matches the information in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,792 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the time from symptom onset to hospitalisation was longer for locally acquired cases due to delays in identifying the index cases of the two clusters in France and Germany.",
"The DOCUMENT provides specific data for the German cluster: the first three cases detected locally were hospitalised in a mean of 5.7 days, whereas the following six were hospitalised after a mean of 2 days.",
"The ANSWER correctly identifies the delays in identifying the index cases as the reason for the longer time to hospitalisation.",
"However, the ANSWER incorrectly states that the first three cases in the German cluster were hospitalised in a mean of 7.5 days, which contradicts the DOCUMENT's figure of 5.7 days."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,779 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that MERS-CoV infection can lead to kidney failure, not liver failure.",
"The ANSWER incorrectly mentions liver failure instead of kidney failure.",
"The ANSWER contradicts the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 914 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that the external subdomain of Spike’s receptor binding domain of 2019-nCoV shares only 40% amino acid identity with other SARS-related coronaviruses.",
"The DOCUMENT confirms this information by stating: 'However, the external subdomain of Spike’s receptor binding domain of 2019-nCoV shares only 40% amino acid identity with other SARS-related coronaviruses.'",
"The answer does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,914 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states: 'the reports that up to 5 m people left Wuhan before the travel restrictions were imposed.'",
"The ANSWER '5 m people' directly matches the information provided in the DOCUMENT.",
"There is no additional information or contradiction in the ANSWER compared to the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 784 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that COVID-19 commonly presents with signs and symptoms of pneumonia or a nonspecific lower respiratory illness, with coughing or difficulty breathing accompanied by fever.",
"It further specifies that fever and cough constitute the most common presentations.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'Fever and cough,' which directly aligns with the information given in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,971 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT describes the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) as an enveloped, positive-stranded RNA virus.",
"The ANSWER states that HCV is an enveloped, positive-stranded RNA virus.",
"The ANSWER does not contradict any information provided in the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER does not offer new information beyond the context provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 183 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that the identification of B cells targeting the stem region of the hemagglutinin protein has spurred research on the development of a universal influenza vaccine.",
"The DOCUMENT confirms that influenza performs fusion through the stem region of the hemagglutinin protein.",
"The DOCUMENT also states that the identification of B cells targeting this relatively conserved site has indeed spurred research on the development of a universal influenza vaccine.",
"The provided answer does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 153 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT discusses various approaches to developing a vaccine for CHIKV, including DNA vaccines.",
"The DOCUMENT highlights the potential of DNA vaccines, mentioning their ability to induce both humoral and cellular immune responses.",
"The DOCUMENT specifically mentions the promising results of a DNA vaccine developed by Muthumani et al., which suggests that DNA vaccines could be effective in combating CHIKV.",
"The ANSWER states that DNA vaccines could play a major role in combating CHIKV, which aligns with the conclusions drawn in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,251 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT clearly states that Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne pathogen.",
"The DOCUMENT does not mention anything about CHIKV being a bacterium.",
"The ANSWER 'a bacterium' is incorrect and contradicts the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,201 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT describes the measurement of nuclear morphological changes in HT-29 cells using Hoechst 33342 staining to detect nuclear condensation, which is directly related to apoptotic chromatin changes.",
"The ANSWER states 'detection of nuclear fragmentation,' which is not explicitly mentioned in the DOCUMENT.",
"The DOCUMENT does mention nuclear condensation and chromatin changes but does not specifically mention nuclear fragmentation as a method of measurement.",
"Therefore, the ANSWER is not fully aligned with the specific details provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 425 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the PED virus (PEDV) infects the intestine epithelial cells.",
"There is no mention of intestinal goblet cells being infected by the PED virus in the DOCUMENT.",
"The provided ANSWER specifies 'intestinal goblet cells' which is not supported by the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 754 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided ANSWER states that patients infected with 2019-nCoV may harbour the virus in the intestine at the early or late stage of disease. This is consistent with the DOCUMENT, which mentions that patients infected with 2019-nCoV may harbour the virus in the intestine at the early or late stage of disease.",
"The ANSWER also notes that none of the patients with viremia blood had positive swabs. This is supported by the DOCUMENT, which states that none of the blood positive patients were also swabs positive.",
"The ANSWER concludes that these patients would likely be considered as 2019-nCoV negative through routine surveillance, and thus pose a threat to other people. This is in line with the DOCUMENT, which suggests that patients with viremia blood but negative swabs would likely be considered 2019-nCoV negative through routine surveillance, posing a threat to others."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,748 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the Respifinder 1 Smart 22 kits, a multiplex RT-PCR (PathoFinder, Maastricht, The Netherlands), were used to detect 22 respiratory pathogens.",
"The ANSWER correctly identifies the Respifinder 1 Smart 22 kits as the tool used for detecting pathogens.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 575 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'transparent and credible information-sharing mechanisms are increasingly essential when pandemics threaten vulnerable populations.'",
"The ANSWER provided is 'Transparent and credible information-sharing mechanisms,' which directly aligns with the statement in the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 2,001 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that Human Metapneumoviruses, RSV A and B, and coronavirus were detected only during summer.",
"The DOCUMENT also states that Parainfluenza viruses were identified only during winter.",
"The ANSWER accurately reflects these seasonal differences without adding or contradicting any information from the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 581 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the currently clinically-available methods to detect encephalitis viral antigens are ELISA and IFA.",
"The DOCUMENT does not mention PCR as a clinically-available method for detecting encephalitis viral antigens.",
"The ANSWER includes PCR, which is not supported by the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 42 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT clearly states that the study aimed to develop a mathematical model for calculating the transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2.",
"The study specifically focused on the transmission from the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market (reservoir) to people, and from person to person.",
"There is no mention in the DOCUMENT of the study focusing on the transmission from the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market to bats.",
"The ANSWER provided, 'Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market (reservoir) to bats,' is not supported by the DOCUMENT and contradicts the information provided."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,483 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that hepcidin is produced by the liver as a first-line response to inflammatory reactions and high Fe concentrations.",
"The ANSWER claims that hepcidin release is stimulated by inflammatory reactions and low Fe concentrations.",
"The DOCUMENT does not mention low Fe concentrations as a stimulus for hepcidin release; instead, it mentions high Fe concentrations.",
"Therefore, the ANSWER contradicts the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 191 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that mRNA-destabilising RBPs constitute a 'brake' on the immune system.",
"It mentions that this 'brake' may ultimately be toggled therapeutically.",
"The ANSWER 'may ultimately be toggled therapeutically' directly reflects this information from the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,832 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that mother-to-child transmission most likely happens transplacentally shortly before delivery.",
"The DOCUMENT supports this by mentioning that Ramful et al. theorized that mother-to-child transmission most likely happens transplacentally shortly before delivery.",
"There is no contradiction or additional information in the ANSWER that is not present in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,249 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the case who died was hospitalised for 21 days and required intensive care and mechanical ventilation for 19 days.",
"The ANSWER incorrectly states that the case was hospitalised for 19 days and required intensive care and mechanical ventilation for 21 days.",
"This discrepancy means the ANSWER contradicts the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,791 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the World Health Organization (WHO) recently recommended that countries using whole cell pertussis vaccines continue to do so.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'whole cell pertussis vaccines'.",
"The ANSWER is directly supported by the information in the DOCUMENT and does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 280 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the decline in the population of Ae. aegypti due to massive dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane usage resulted in an ecological pressure favoring the replacement of alanine at position 226 with valine (E1-A226V).",
"The ANSWER incorrectly states that the ecological pressure favored the replacement of valine at position 226 with alanine (E1-V226A).",
"This is a direct contradiction of the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,234 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the incidence of RSV in children older than 3 years old drops to 13%.",
"The ANSWER provided is '13%', which matches the information given in the DOCUMENT.",
"There is no contradiction or additional information in the ANSWER that is not present in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 273 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks about the causes of the outbreak of SARS and MERS.",
"The DOCUMENT states that highly virulent species of HCoV were responsible for outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS).",
"The ANSWER provided is 'Highly virulent species of HCoV', which directly aligns with the information in the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 30 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks for the percentage of childhood deaths due to pneumonia.",
"The ANSWER provided states 'approximately 1.2 million of the estimated 6.3 million child deaths in 2013'.",
"The DOCUMENT states 'pneumonia remains the major single cause of death in children outside the neonatal period, causing approximately 900,000 of the estimated 6.3 million child deaths in 2013'.",
"The ANSWER contradicts the DOCUMENT by providing a different number (1.2 million) than what is stated in the DOCUMENT (900,000)."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 105 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks about what is responsible for the interaction with the host receptor.",
"The DOCUMENT states that 'Most of the amino acid differences of RBD are located in the external subdomain, which is responsible for the direct interaction with the host receptor.'",
"The ANSWER provided is 'the external subdomain,' which directly matches the information given in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,942 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the case fatality rate for MERS is reported to be 34%.",
"The ANSWER states that the fatality rate for MERS is 30%.",
"The ANSWER does not match the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 778 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT explicitly states that a key factor in successfully preventing and managing emerging threats is the rapid and transparent sharing of information between countries and agencies.",
"The ANSWER, 'delayed sharing of information between countries and agencies,' directly contradicts this statement by implying that delayed sharing is a key factor, whereas the DOCUMENT emphasizes the importance of rapid sharing.",
"The DOCUMENT provides examples of past criticism for delayed sharing (e.g., SARS, MERS, Ebola) and contrasts this with the current outbreak where information sharing has been rapid and effective."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 774 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'On January 30, 2020, the CDC reported the first local transmission in the US between members in a household.'",
"The ANSWER provided is 'January 30, 2020'.",
"The ANSWER is consistent with the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,968 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the average read coverage for the E-30 genome was 260-fold.",
"The ANSWER states that the read coverage was 250-fold.",
"The ANSWER does not match the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 298 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that infections would likely be more severe in older adults, obese individuals, or those with underlying medical conditions.",
"The ANSWER mentions 'younger adults' instead of 'older adults,' which is a contradiction.",
"The DOCUMENT does not mention 'younger adults' as a group for whom infections would be more severe."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,550 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that H5N1 poses a worldwide threat to public health due to its rapid spread and high pathogenicity.",
"The ANSWER mentions 'slow spread' which directly contradicts the DOCUMENT's statement about 'rapid spread'.",
"The ANSWER correctly mentions 'high pathogenicity', which is consistent with the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 132 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer lists 'alternative posttranslational and RNA-based antiviral approaches, designer vaccines, immunotherapy and the emerging field of neo-virology' as topics discussed by the author.",
"The DOCUMENT explicitly mentions these topics in the following excerpt: 'I also discuss alternative posttranslational and RNA-based antiviral approaches, designer vaccines, immunotherapy and the emerging field of neo-virology.'",
"The provided answer does not introduce any new information beyond what is stated in the DOCUMENT.",
"The provided answer does not contradict any information in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,818 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that hepcidin is produced by the liver as a first-line response to inflammatory reactions and high Fe concentrations.",
"The ANSWER correctly identifies inflammatory reactions and high Fe concentrations as stimuli for the release of hepcidin.",
"There is no contradiction between the ANSWER and the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information beyond what is provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 191 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer correctly identifies two of the risk factors mentioned in the DOCUMENT: recent travel from an affected area and close contact with someone with COVID-19 or with patients with pneumonia of unknown cause.",
"The DOCUMENT states that another risk factor to consider is whether the patient resides in an area where there has been community spread of COVID-19.",
"The provided answer incorrectly states 'an area where there has been no community spread of COVID-19,' which contradicts the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,310 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that nucleoside analogs are used for chemotherapy because they inhibit cellular ribosomes.",
"The DOCUMENT does not mention that nucleoside analogs inhibit cellular ribosomes.",
"Instead, the DOCUMENT explains that nucleoside analogs inhibit cellular DNA/RNA polymerases and interfere with cellular nucleos(t)ide synthesis pathways.",
"The provided answer introduces incorrect information that is not supported by the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 164 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the novel coronavirus outbreak was first noticed in Wuhan City, China.",
"There is no mention in the DOCUMENT of Beijing being the origin of SARS-CoV-2.",
"The ANSWER 'Beijing, China' contradicts the information provided in the DOCUMENT, which specifies Wuhan City as the location where the outbreak was first identified."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 766 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'somatic rearrangement during B cell differentiation was responsible for antibody diversification.'",
"The ANSWER correctly identifies 'somatic rearrangement during B cell differentiation' as the mechanism responsible for antibody diversification.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 149 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT defines PHEIC as 'Public Health Emergency of International Concern'.",
"The ANSWER states 'Public Health Emergency of International Crisis'.",
"The term 'Crisis' is not used in the DOCUMENT's definition of PHEIC.",
"The ANSWER contradicts the DOCUMENT by providing an incorrect term."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,435 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that a novel coronavirus, later named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was identified in December 2019 in the city of Wuhan, capital of Hubei Province, China.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'Wuhan, capital of Hubei Province, China'.",
"The ANSWER is directly supported by the information in the DOCUMENT and does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,313 |