response
stringlengths 236
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stringclasses 2
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|---|---|---|
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the E1-A226V mutation enabled an increase in infectivity of Ae. albopictus when compared to its infectivity of Ae. aegypti.",
"The ANSWER claims a decrease in infectivity of Ae. albopictus when compared to its infectivity of Ae. aegypti.",
"This directly contradicts the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,240 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that the phylogenetic construction was done by the neighbour joining method using MEGA X software, with bootstrap values being calculated from 1000 trees.",
"This information is directly supported by the DOCUMENT, which mentions: 'Phylogenetic tree construction by the neighbour joining method was performed using MEGA X software, with bootstrap values being calculated from 1000 trees.'",
"The answer does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,929 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that in Africa, CHIKV is maintained in a sylvatic cycle among forest-dwelling Aedes spp. mosquitoes, wild primates, squirrels, birds, and rodents.",
"The ANSWER correctly mentions the sylvatic cycle and the involvement of forest-dwelling Aedes spp. mosquitoes, wild primates, squirrels, birds, and rodents.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,206 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that prior to December 2019, 6 CoVs were known to infect humans.",
"The DOCUMENT specifies these as 2 αCoVs (HCoV-229E and HKU-NL63) and 4 βCoVs (HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV).",
"The ANSWER incorrectly lists 3 αCoVs (HCoV-229E, HKU-NL63, and HCoV-OC43) and 3 βCoVs (HCoV-HKU1, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV).",
"The DOCUMENT does not support the claim that HCoV-OC43 is an αCoV; it is listed as a βCoV."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,922 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks for the percentage of patients who still have CHIKV IgM after eighteen months.",
"The DOCUMENT states: 'Eighteen months after disease onset, 40% of patients are found to still have anti-CHIKV IgM.'",
"The ANSWER provided does not address the QUESTION directly and instead starts with 'The chronic stage of CHIKF is characterized by,' which is irrelevant to the QUESTION."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | PASS | 1,224 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that patients should be diagnosed as severe if they have at least one of the following symptoms: 1) distress of respiratory with respiratory rate >= 30/min; 2) Oxygen saturation <= 93% in the rest state; and 3) arterial oxygen tension (PaO₂) over inspiratory oxygen fraction (FIO₂) of less than 300 mm Hg.",
"The ANSWER incorrectly states the respiratory rate threshold as >= 25/min instead of >= 30/min.",
"The rest of the criteria in the ANSWER match the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,467 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks what spurred the discovery of the new vector Ae. albopictus.",
"The DOCUMENT states that the 2005-2006 epidemic of CHIKV in La Reunion islands in the Indian Ocean spurred the discovery of a new vector species, Ae. albopictus.",
"The ANSWER provided is: 'The 2005-2006 epidemic of CHIKV in La Reunion islands in the Indian Ocean,' which directly aligns with the information in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,209 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the case fatality rate for MERS is reported to be 34%.",
"The ANSWER provided is '34%', which matches the information given in the DOCUMENT.",
"There is no additional or contradictory information in the ANSWER compared to the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 778 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks about factors that may influence viral replication and gene expression.",
"The DOCUMENT discusses various factors influencing viral replication and gene expression, including codon usage bias, mutational pressure, and nucleotide composition.",
"The DOCUMENT specifically mentions that differences from the average codon usage frequencies in the host genome strongly influence both viral replication and gene expression in mammalian papillomaviruses.",
"The ANSWER states 'the average codon usage frequencies in the viral genome' as a factor, which is consistent with the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | FAIL | 172 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'we did not observe species‐specific differences in the clinical characteristics of HCoV infection, with the exception of HCoV‐HKU1, for which the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms trended higher on the fourth day of illness.'",
"This indicates that HCoV‐HKU1 showed species-specific clinical characteristics, specifically in the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms.",
"The ANSWER 'HCoV‐HKU1' correctly identifies the species that showed species-specific clinical characteristics as described in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 29 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks for the SCA algorithm applied to improve the ANFIS model.",
"The DOCUMENT mentions that the SCA algorithm was applied to improve the ANFIS model to forecast oil consumption in three countries, namely, Canada, Germany, and Japan.",
"The ANSWER correctly states that the SCA algorithm was applied to forecast oil consumption in three countries, namely, Canada, Germany, and Japan.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 519 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks what is associated with cancer, diabetes, inflammatory disease, and osteoporosis.",
"The DOCUMENT states that nuclear receptors (NRs) are closely associated with various major diseases such as cancer, diabetes, inflammatory disease, and osteoporosis.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'Nuclear receptors (NRs)', which directly matches the information given in the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 301 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that the S gene from bat-derived CoV, unlike that from human patients or civet-derived viruses, was unable to use human ACE2 as a receptor for entry into human cells.",
"The DOCUMENT does mention that the S gene from bat-derived CoV was unable to use human ACE2 as a receptor for entry into human cells.",
"However, the DOCUMENT does not explicitly compare this inability to the S gene from human patients or civet-derived viruses in the same context.",
"The DOCUMENT does state that civets were proposed to be an intermediate host of the bat-CoVs, capable of spreading SARS CoV to humans, but this is a separate point from the specific functionality of the S gene in using human ACE2."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | PASS | 625 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the genotypes of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) are based on the gene sequences of an Envelope protein (E1).",
"The ANSWER incorrectly mentions that the genotypes are based on the gene sequences of an Envelope protein (E2).",
"The genotypes listed in the ANSWER (Asian, East/Central/South African, and West African) are correct, but the specific protein mentioned (E2) is incorrect according to the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,214 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT explicitly mentions 'poor governance' and 'public distrust' as factors that can undermine interventions.",
"The DOCUMENT does not mention 'economic instability' as a factor that can undermine interventions.",
"The ANSWER introduces 'economic instability,' which is not supported by the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,979 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT clearly states that Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne pathogen.",
"The ANSWER incorrectly describes CHIKV as a tick-borne pathogen.",
"There is no mention in the DOCUMENT of CHIKV being transmitted by ticks."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,197 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the Asian genotype of CHIKV emerged between 50 and 310 years ago.",
"The ANSWER states that the Asian genotype emerged between 100 and 840 years ago.",
"The time range provided in the ANSWER does not match the time range provided in the DOCUMENT for the Asian genotype."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,215 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV), sindbis virus (SV), and dengue virus (DV) are arboviruses.",
"The ANSWER correctly identifies these viruses as arboviruses.",
"There is no additional or contradictory information in the ANSWER compared to the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 41 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'All of the CHIKV strains isolated from Mayotte carried the E1-A226V mutation, and the mutation was also found in Madagascar in 2007.'",
"The ANSWER claims that the mutation was found in 'Mauritius in 2007,' which is not mentioned in the DOCUMENT.",
"The DOCUMENT does not mention Mauritius in the context of the E1-A226V mutation."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,238 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that Réunion Island is located in the southern hemisphere between Madagascar and Mauritius in the Indian Ocean.",
"The DOCUMENT provides the specific coordinates: Latitude: 21°05.2920 S Longitude: 55°36.4380 E.",
"The ANSWER correctly includes both the general location (southern hemisphere between Madagascar and Mauritius in the Indian Ocean) and the specific coordinates (Latitude: 21°05.2920 S Longitude: 55°36.4380 E.).",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 588 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that highly virulent species of HCoV were responsible for outbreaks of SARS and MERS.",
"The specific species mentioned in the DOCUMENT as highly virulent are not HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-229E.",
"HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-229E are described in the DOCUMENT as much more prevalent, much less severe, and common causes of influenza-like illness (ILI).",
"The ANSWER incorrectly identifies HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-229E as the causes of SARS and MERS, which contradicts the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 30 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the disease associated with SARS-CoV-2 is referred to as 'coronavirus disease discovered in 2019 (COVID-19)'.",
"The ANSWER incorrectly refers to it as 'coronavirus disease discovered in 2020 (COVID-20)'.",
"This is a clear contradiction of the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 614 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT lists fever and cough as the most common symptoms of COVID-19.",
"It also mentions other symptoms such as sore throat, nasal congestion, malaise, myalgia, and headache.",
"The ANSWER only mentions fever and sore throat.",
"While fever is correctly identified, sore throat is not listed as one of the most common symptoms in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,971 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that all of the CHIKV strains isolated from Mayotte carried the E1-A226V mutation, and the mutation was also found in Madagascar in 2007.",
"The DOCUMENT confirms that 'All of the CHIKV strains isolated from Mayotte carried the E1-A226V mutation, and the mutation was also found in Madagascar in 2007.'",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,238 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'All hospitalised cases had a benign clinical evolution except four, two reported in Italy and two reported in France, all of whom developed viral pneumonia.'",
"The ANSWER correctly states that 'All hospitalised cases had a benign clinical evolution except four,' which is consistent with the information provided in the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,789 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that based on the generally mild clinical presentation of 2019-nCoV cases detected outside China, it appears that there could be many more mild infections than severe infections.",
"The ANSWER claims that there could be many more severe infections than mild infections.",
"The ANSWER directly contradicts the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,547 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that efforts in neo-virology will unlock 'a vast wealth of currently unexplored biodiversity, leading to biotechnologies and treatments that leverage the host-virus interactions developed throughout evolution.'",
"The ANSWER provided is 'a vast wealth of currently unexplored biodiversity, leading to biotechnologies and treatments that leverage the host-virus interactions developed throughout evolution.'",
"The ANSWER is a direct excerpt from the DOCUMENT and does not introduce new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,848 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'over 50% of TB cases were among over 65’s.'",
"This indicates that more than half of the TB cases were in patients over 65 years old.",
"The ANSWER 'less than half' directly contradicts this information."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 69 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) could be triggered by a viral infection in previously healthy children.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'viral infection in previously healthy children'.",
"The ANSWER directly matches the information given in the DOCUMENT without adding or contradicting any details."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 204 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT mentions several morphological changes associated with apoptosis, including membrane permeability, cell shrinkage, disruption of the mitochondrial membrane, and chromatin condensation.",
"The ANSWER lists membrane permeability, cell shrinkage, disruption of the mitochondrial membrane, and nuclear fragmentation.",
"The term 'nuclear fragmentation' in the ANSWER is not explicitly mentioned in the DOCUMENT. Instead, the DOCUMENT refers to 'chromatin condensation' and 'DNA fragmentation'.",
"The ANSWER does not contradict the DOCUMENT but introduces a term ('nuclear fragmentation') that is not directly mentioned."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 427 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that clinical studies have started to correlate specific biomarkers with disease outcomes in ARDS patients.",
"The ANSWER correctly mentions that clinical studies have started to correlate specific biomarkers with disease outcomes in ARDS patients.",
"However, the DOCUMENT does not state that biomarkers can predict the exact progression of the disease.",
"The ANSWER adds the information that biomarkers can predict the exact progression of the disease, which is not supported by the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 930 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the case-fatality rates for SARS and MERS ranged from 14% to 45%.",
"The ANSWER states that the case-fatality rates ranged from 10% to 50%.",
"The ANSWER does not match the specific range provided in the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER introduces a lower bound (10%) and an upper bound (50%) that are not supported by the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 31 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'Dromedary camels are the major animal source of MERS-CoV transmission to humans.'",
"The ANSWER incorrectly identifies 'Bactrian camels' as the major animal source.",
"This is a contradiction because the DOCUMENT specifies 'Dromedary camels' and not 'Bactrian camels'."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 159 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the proposed FPASSA starts by receiving the historical COVID-19 dataset.",
"The ANSWER states that the proposed FPASSA starts by receiving the current COVID-19 dataset.",
"The term 'historical' in the DOCUMENT implies past data, while 'current' in the ANSWER implies present data.",
"This discrepancy means the ANSWER is not faithful to the DOCUMENT as it changes the context from past data to present data."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 526 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The ANSWER states that 11 of 28 cases were detected to be anal swab positive, and 8 of them (72.7%) were with severe symptoms.",
"The DOCUMENT confirms this information in the section: 'In the anal swab cohort (Figure 1 (B)), 11 of 28 cases were detected to be anal swab positive, 8 of them (72.7%) were with severe symptoms, which was significantly higher than that 4 (23.5%) of the rest 17 cases without detectable virus in anal were severe cases.'",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,470 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction tests had been developed' within 4 weeks of identifying the novel coronavirus.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction', which directly matches the type of test mentioned in the DOCUMENT.",
"There is no additional information or contradiction in the ANSWER compared to the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 771 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that retrospective analysis revealed that corticosteroid use, when given at the correct time and to the appropriate patients, could decrease mortality and length of hospital stays.",
"The ANSWER accurately reflects this information without adding any new details or contradicting the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 920 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT mentions that it is currently unclear how 2019-nCoV (COVID-19) is spread, but it is suspected to be transmitted through contact with infected respiratory secretions.",
"The DOCUMENT also states that current evidence suggests that close contact with an infected person is a major factor in disease transmission.",
"There is no mention in the DOCUMENT of COVID-19 being spread through close contact with contaminated surfaces."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,975 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'Many infected patients have acute lung injury (ALI),' indicating that ALI is a common condition among those infected with SARS-CoV.",
"The ANSWER claims that 'Few infected patients have acute lung injury (ALI),' which directly contradicts the information provided in the DOCUMENT.",
"The DOCUMENT provides a clear description of the prevalence of ALI among SARS-CoV patients, which is not reflected accurately in the ANSWER."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 910 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks about the origin of the original SARS-CoV orf8.",
"The DOCUMENT states: 'we have previously identified two bat SARS-related-CoV (Bat-CoV YNLF_31C and YNLF_34C) and proposed that the original SARS-CoV full-length orf8 is acquired from these two bat SARS-related-CoV.'",
"The ANSWER provided is 'two bat SARS-related-CoV (Bat-CoV YNLF_31C and YNLF_34C)', which directly matches the information in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,952 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks when the patient presented with rapidly progressive right-hand weakness.",
"The DOCUMENT states: 'She presented 1 month later with 5 days of upper respiratory tract infection symptoms, fever, headache, and a rapidly progressive right-hand weakness (D30) with normal alertness.'",
"The ANSWER '1 month later' matches the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 205 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that the R0 of SARS was about 2.1 in Hong Kong, China, 2.7 in Singapore, and 3.5 in Beijing, China.",
"The DOCUMENT mentions that the R0 of SARS was about 2.1 in Hong Kong, China, 2.7 in Singapore, and 3.8 in Beijing, China.",
"The value for Beijing in the provided answer (3.5) does not match the value in the DOCUMENT (3.8)."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,497 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that neuraminidase (NA) is needed to cleave the α-ketosidic linkage between terminal sialic acid and an adjacent sugar residue.",
"The ANSWER states that the function of neuraminidase is to cleave the α-glycosidic linkage between terminal sialic acid and an adjacent sugar residue.",
"The terms 'α-ketosidic linkage' and 'α-glycosidic linkage' are used interchangeably in the context of the DOCUMENT and ANSWER, referring to the same biochemical process.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | FAIL | 331 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states: 'an extraordinary event which is determined to constitute a public health risk to other States through the international spread of disease and to potentially require a coordinated international response.'",
"The DOCUMENT defines PHEIC as: 'an extraordinary event which is determined to constitute a public health risk to other States through the international spread of disease and to potentially require a coordinated international response.'",
"The provided answer is a direct quote from the DOCUMENT and does not offer new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,436 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT specifies that the study included pediatric patients who were ≤14 years old.",
"The ANSWER correctly states that the ages of the patients in the study were ≤14 years old.",
"There is no additional or contradictory information in the ANSWER compared to the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 213 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the prediction of protein secondary structure was performed using neural networking and its own algorithm.",
"The ANSWER claims that the analysis was done using a decision tree algorithm.",
"There is no mention of a decision tree algorithm in the DOCUMENT for the prediction of protein secondary structures."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,932 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks about the similarity of the island's health care system.",
"The DOCUMENT states that Réunion Island benefits from a healthcare system similar to mainland France.",
"The ANSWER correctly states that the healthcare system is similar to mainland France and mentions the epidemiological surveillance developed by the regional office of the French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (Cire OI), based on the surveillance system of mainland France.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 589 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks about what recent efforts indicate regarding hundreds of human and avian infectious viruses.",
"The DOCUMENT states: 'Moreover, hundreds of human-and avian-infective viruses such as IAV strain H5N1 are known, but recent efforts indicate the true number may be in the millions and many harbour zoonotic potential.'",
"The ANSWER states: 'the true number may be in the millions and many harbour zoonotic potential.'",
"The ANSWER directly reflects the information provided in the DOCUMENT without adding new information or contradicting it."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,846 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks for the number of families in the NR superfamily.",
"The DOCUMENT states: 'The NR superfamily has been classified into seven families: NR0 (knirps or DAX like); NR1 (thyroid hormone like), NR2 (HNF4-like), NR3 (estrogen like), NR4 (nerve growth factor IB-like), NR5 (fushi tarazu-F1 like), and NR6 (germ cell nuclear factor like).'",
"The ANSWER provided is 'seven'.",
"The ANSWER is consistent with the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 304 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT provides detailed information on the prevalence of various respiratory viruses in children hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infections in Cyprus.",
"Specifically, the DOCUMENT states that in infants up to 3 months old, RSV was by far the most common pathogen, accounting for 58.1% of infections.",
"The ANSWER 'RSV' directly corresponds to this information and does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 272 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'On January 31, 2020, the US Department of Health and Human Services declared coronavirus a public health emergency.'",
"The ANSWER provided is 'January 31, 2020,' which matches the date given in the DOCUMENT.",
"There is no additional or contradictory information in the ANSWER compared to the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,970 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'only 53 swabs, representing 24% of the sample, remained without etiology with negative multiplex PCR results all along the year.'",
"The ANSWER correctly states '53 swabs, representing 24% of the sample'.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 606 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks for the number of cases reported as of 21 February.",
"The DOCUMENT states, 'As at 21 February, nine European countries reported 47 cases.'",
"The ANSWER provided is '47'.",
"The ANSWER matches the information given in the DOCUMENT and does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,758 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks for the cause of tuberculosis.",
"The DOCUMENT states that tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB).",
"The ANSWER provided is 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis'.",
"The ANSWER is directly supported by the DOCUMENT and does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,028 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that achieving this through drug repurposing will 'break the vicious cycle of escalating therapeutic development costs and trivial escape mutant selection, both quickly and in multiple places.'",
"The ANSWER accurately reflects this statement from the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,817 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks what is aiming to incorporate pathways to translation at the earliest stages.",
"The DOCUMENT states that 'recent changes in the structure of government funding, new public and private joint ventures and specialist undergraduate and postgraduate courses now aim to incorporate pathways to translation at the earliest stages.'",
"The ANSWER provided is 'recent changes in the structure of government funding, 3 new public and private joint ventures and specialist undergraduate and postgraduate courses.'",
"The ANSWER accurately reflects the information provided in the DOCUMENT without adding new information or contradicting it."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | FAIL | 1,809 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks for the number of reported viral pneumonia cases.",
"The DOCUMENT states that 'All hospitalised cases had a benign clinical evolution except four, two reported in Italy and two reported in France, all of whom developed viral pneumonia.'",
"The ANSWER 'two reported in Italy and two reported in France' directly matches the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,788 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that the HeteSim measure is used to calculate the relatedness of objects with the same or different types.",
"The DOCUMENT explains that the HeteSim measure is a path-based measure used to calculate the relevance between objects in a heterogeneous network, which can be of the same or different types.",
"The DOCUMENT further details that HeteSim gives a uniform and symmetric measure for arbitrary paths to evaluate the relatedness of heterogeneous object pairs with one single score.",
"The provided answer does not contradict the information in the DOCUMENT and does not introduce any new information beyond what is stated in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 246 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided ANSWER states that the study of autoantigen-specific B cells and a detailed analysis of B cell subsets with pathogenic potential in humans could lead to a better understanding of how to prevent and treat autoimmune diseases.",
"The DOCUMENT mentions that the study of B cell responses has advanced our understanding of antibody-mediated autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.",
"The DOCUMENT also states that the study of autoantigen-specific B cells and a detailed analysis of B cell subsets with pathogenic potential in humans could lead to a better understanding of how to prevent and treat autoimmune diseases.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 155 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the survey was conducted by survey teams consisting of clinicians, public health doctors, radiologists, laboratory technicians, and nurses.",
"The ANSWER correctly lists the groups involved in conducting the study as clinicians, public health doctors, radiologists, laboratory technicians, and nurses.",
"There is no contradiction between the ANSWER and the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information beyond what is provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 62 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction tests had been developed' to screen for SARS-CoV-2.",
"The ANSWER states 'real-time polymerase chain reaction'.",
"The term 'real-time polymerase chain reaction' is commonly used interchangeably with 'reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction' in the context of detecting RNA viruses like SARS-CoV-2.",
"The ANSWER does not contradict the DOCUMENT and does not introduce new information."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | FAIL | 771 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that Coronavirus OC43 was detected in 13.3% (95% CI 6.9-23.6%) of community members.",
"The ANSWER states the prevalence as 15.3% (95% CI 6.9-23.6%).",
"The prevalence percentage provided in the ANSWER (15.3%) does not match the percentage given in the DOCUMENT (13.3%).",
"The confidence interval (95% CI 6.9-23.6%) is correctly stated in both the DOCUMENT and the ANSWER."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 262 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'Flulike symptoms, such as fever, cough and little sputum, were commonly observed at the onset of illness.'",
"The ANSWER mentions 'productive sputum,' which implies a significant amount of sputum production.",
"The DOCUMENT specifies 'little sputum,' indicating a minimal amount of sputum production.",
"Therefore, the ANSWER contradicts the DOCUMENT by suggesting a different level of sputum production."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 392 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the new orf8 of 2019-nCoV is distant from the conserved orf8 which was shown to trigger intracellular stress pathways and activate NLRP3 inflammasomes.",
"The DOCUMENT does not provide evidence that the new orf8 of 2019-nCoV itself triggers intracellular stress pathways or activates NLRP3 inflammasomes.",
"The ANSWER claims that orf8 was shown to trigger intracellular stress pathways and activate NLRP3 inflammasomes, which is not supported by the DOCUMENT for the specific orf8 of 2019-nCoV."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | PASS | 1,955 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the orf1ab gene is 20kb nucleotides in size.",
"The ANSWER states that the orf1ab gene is 19kb.",
"The ANSWER contradicts the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 25 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the FPASSA-ANFIS model showed better performance in terms of Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Root Mean Squared Relative Error (RMSRE), coefficient of determination (R2), and computing time.",
"The ANSWER correctly mentions Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Root Mean Squared Relative Error (RMSRE), coefficient of determination (R2), and computing time.",
"The ANSWER incorrectly includes Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), which is not mentioned in the DOCUMENT as a metric where FPASSA-ANFIS showed better performance."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 507 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks for the proportion of healthcare workers who reported symptoms of insomnia.",
"The DOCUMENT states that 'A considerable proportion of participants reported symptoms of depression (634 [50.4%]), anxiety (560 [44.6%]), insomnia (427 [34.0%]), and distress (899 [71.5%]).'",
"The ANSWER provided is '34.0%'.",
"The proportion of healthcare workers who reported symptoms of insomnia in the DOCUMENT is indeed 34.0%."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 461 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks for four genera.",
"The DOCUMENT states: 'There are four genera of CoVs, namely, Alphacoronavirus (αCoV), Betacoronavirus (βCoV), Deltacoronavirus (δCoV), and Gammacoronavirus (γCoV)'.",
"The ANSWER lists: 'Alphacoronavirus (αCoV), Betacoronavirus (βCoV), Deltacoronavirus (δCoV), and Gammacoronavirus (γCoV)'.",
"The ANSWER directly matches the information provided in the DOCUMENT without adding or contradicting any details."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,918 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the assays targeted at least two separate genes: the envelope (E) gene as a screening test and the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene or nucleoprotein (N) gene for confirmation.",
"The ANSWER mentions the envelope (E) gene as a screening test, which is correct.",
"However, the ANSWER incorrectly states that the spike (S) gene was used for confirmation instead of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene.",
"The DOCUMENT does not mention the spike (S) gene being used for confirmation."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,793 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) have significantly increased response rates up to 98%.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'up to 98%', which directly matches the information given in the DOCUMENT.",
"There is no additional information or contradiction in the ANSWER compared to the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 354 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that CHIKV infection is marked by severe joint pain, contorting its victims into unusual postures.",
"The ANSWER correctly identifies severe joint pain and the contorting of victims into unusual postures as characteristics of CHIKV.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,195 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the total volume of inbound passengers from China was 63.1 million per year in 2017.",
"The ANSWER states that the number of inbound passengers from China is 63.1 million per year in 2018.",
"There is a discrepancy between the year mentioned in the DOCUMENT (2017) and the year mentioned in the ANSWER (2018).",
"The ANSWER is not faithful to the DOCUMENT because it provides a different year for the same statistic."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,515 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT mentions that X-ray crystallography is a powerful tool in determining protein 3D structures.",
"The DOCUMENT also states that X-ray crystallography is time-consuming and expensive, and not all proteins can be successfully crystallized.",
"Despite these limitations, the DOCUMENT clearly identifies X-ray crystallography as a method for determining the 3D structure of proteins."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 306 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT explicitly states that 'Dromedary camels are the major animal source of MERS-CoV transmission to humans.'",
"The ANSWER directly reflects this information without adding any new details or contradicting the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 159 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the basic reproductive number was estimated to be around 2.2, assuming a mean serial interval of 7.5 days.",
"The ANSWER provided is '7.0 days', which does not match the '7.5 days' mentioned in the DOCUMENT.",
"The DOCUMENT does not mention '7.0 days' as the mean serial interval at any point."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,535 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that most people with mild illness are able to recover at home without medical care.",
"The DOCUMENT advises people who are mildly ill with COVID-19 to isolate at home during their illness.",
"The ANSWER suggests that mildly-ill patients should seek medical attention immediately, which contradicts the DOCUMENT's guidance."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,302 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The ANSWER states that during the 2005-2006 La Reunion Island outbreaks, Ramful et al. discovered that mothers could transmit CHIKV to their progeny during the perinatal period (Day 24 to Day +1).",
"The DOCUMENT confirms this information, specifying that transmission from mother to child during the perinatal period was observed and associated with a high degree of morbidity.",
"The ANSWER mentions that by mean Day 4 of life, all of the neonates were symptomatic for CHIKV, exhibiting common CHIKF symptoms.",
"The DOCUMENT supports this by stating that by mean Day 4 of life, all neonates were symptomatic for CHIKV, exhibiting common CHIKF symptoms."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,248 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks about the number of antigens detected by Liew's multiplex ELISA test.",
"The DOCUMENT states that Liew validated one multiplex ELISA for the detection of 9 antigens.",
"The ANSWER correctly states the number of antigens detected by Liew's multiplex ELISA test as 9.",
"The ANSWER does not contradict any information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 44 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks about the type of pertussis vaccine used in middle and high-income countries.",
"The DOCUMENT states that middle and high-income countries use an acellular pertussis vaccine for the primary vaccination series.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'whole cell,' which contradicts the information in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 278 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer correctly states that smokers were 1.4 times more likely to have severe symptoms of COVID-19 and approximately 2.4 times more likely to be admitted to an ICU, need mechanical ventilation, or die compared to non-smokers. This information is directly supported by the DOCUMENT.",
"However, the provided answer also claims that smokers were found to have a significantly higher mortality rate compared to non-smokers. This statement is not supported by the DOCUMENT. The DOCUMENT mentions that there was no statistically significant difference between the smoking rates of survivors and non-survivors (p=0.21) in the study by Zhou et al., and it does not provide conclusive evidence of a higher mortality rate for smokers."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,961 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states: 'Of note is that Ae. aegypti has most likely been established in North America for over 300 y.'",
"The ANSWER 'for over 300' is consistent with the information provided in the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,244 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states: 'The survey was conducted from March to June 2010 by survey teams consisting of clinicians, public health doctors, radiologists, laboratory technicians and nurses.'",
"The ANSWER provided is 'March to June 2010'.",
"The ANSWER directly matches the information provided in the DOCUMENT.",
"There is no contradiction or additional information in the ANSWER that is not present in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 61 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states: 'Ae. aegypti has most likely been established in North America for over 300 y.'",
"The ANSWER states: 'for over 200.'",
"The ANSWER underestimates the duration by 100 years compared to the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,244 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks what is important for containing the transmission.",
"The DOCUMENT explains that to contain the transmission of the virus, it is important to decrease R0.",
"The DOCUMENT provides specific interventions to decrease R0, such as wearing masks, increasing social distance, closing the seafood market, and shortening the duration from symptom onset to diagnosis.",
"The ANSWER states 'to decrease R0', which aligns with the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,500 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that neonatal infection associated with intrapartum maternal viremia progressed to develop meningitis owing to vertical transmission from infected mothers.",
"The DOCUMENT mentions that during the 2005-2006 La Reunion Island outbreaks, Ramful et al. discovered that mothers could transmit CHIKV to their progeny during the perinatal period, and it is associated with a high degree of morbidity.",
"The DOCUMENT specifically states that six neonates were confirmed to have contracted CHIKV and developed meningoencephalitis, not meningitis.",
"The term 'meningoencephalitis' refers to inflammation of both the brain and the meninges, whereas 'meningitis' refers only to inflammation of the meninges.",
"Therefore, the ANSWER is not entirely faithful to the DOCUMENT as it inaccurately simplifies 'meningoencephalitis' to 'meningitis'."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,250 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT mentions particle swarm optimization (PSO) as one of the swarm intelligence (SI) methods used to enhance the performance of the ANFIS model.",
"PSO is listed alongside other SI methods such as social-spider optimization, sine-cosine algorithm, and multi-verse optimizer.",
"The DOCUMENT specifically states that PSO was used with ANFIS to predict biochar yield.",
"The ANSWER 'particle swarm optimization' directly corresponds to the abbreviation PSO mentioned in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 516 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT defines ILI as a sudden onset of fever more than 38 degrees Celsius and cough, associated or not with other symptoms such as breathing difficulty, headache, etc.",
"The ANSWER incorrectly states the fever threshold as more than 37 degrees Celsius instead of more than 38 degrees Celsius.",
"This discrepancy means the ANSWER is not faithful to the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 572 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT mentions that there are several challenges to oral immunization, which include physical, chemical, and biological barriers when delivering antigens to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.",
"Specifically, the DOCUMENT lists gastric acids, pepsin, and trypsin as digestive acids and proteases that can degrade antigen proteins.",
"The ANSWER lists gastric acids and pepsin correctly but includes amylase, which is not mentioned in the DOCUMENT as a factor reducing the effectiveness of orally-administered immunizations."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 756 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that gastroenteritis is responsible for two to three million deaths each year.",
"The ANSWER claims that gastroenteritis causes three to four million deaths each year.",
"The ANSWER provides a higher range (three to four million) than what is stated in the DOCUMENT (two to three million).",
"The ANSWER is not faithful to the DOCUMENT as it contradicts the provided information by inflating the number of deaths."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 815 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT does not mention genetic sequencing as a method for differentiating Old World and New World Arenaviruses.",
"The DOCUMENT states that the differences between the two groups have been established through the use of serological assays.",
"The provided ANSWER introduces new information not supported by the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 377 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the most striking finding was that a large proportion of TB patients did not present consistent cough.",
"The ANSWER correctly identifies this finding without adding any new information or contradicting the DOCUMENT.",
"The DOCUMENT provides specific statistics supporting this finding, such as 53% of bacteriologically confirmed cases and 45% of sputum positive cases not presenting persistent cough."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 67 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'The HBV infection demands both intracellular and cell-surface factors.'",
"The ANSWER provided is 'both intracellular and cell-surface factors.'",
"The ANSWER directly matches the information provided in the DOCUMENT without adding or contradicting any details."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 34 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT mentions PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) as one of the swarm intelligence (SI) methods used to enhance the performance of ANFIS in time series forecasting.",
"The DOCUMENT specifically states that PSO was used with ANFIS to predict biochar yield.",
"The ANSWER 'particle swarm optimization algorithm' is a direct and accurate description of PSO.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | FAIL | 516 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the reported value of the R0 for MERS is about 0.8-1.3.",
"The ANSWER provided is 0.8-1.3.",
"The ANSWER does not contradict the information provided in the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER does not offer new information beyond the context provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,498 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT specifies that the capture antibodies used in the study are 4D5, 2B5, 1F1, 2B8, 4F9, and 4E11.",
"The ANSWER lists the same antibodies: 4D5, 2B5, 1F1, 2B8, 4F9, and 4E11.",
"There is no contradiction between the ANSWER and the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information beyond what is provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 47 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the failure rates for NPPV and IMV were very high.",
"Specifically, the mean duration until NPPV failure was 30.8 hours and the mean time until IMV failure was 6.2 days.",
"The ANSWER describes the failure rate for NPPV and IMV as 'moderate,' which contradicts the DOCUMENT's description of the failure rates as 'very high.'"
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 405 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'Most of the amino acid differences of RBD are located in the external subdomain, which is responsible for the direct interaction with the host receptor.'",
"The ANSWER claims that 'Most of the amino acid differences of RBD are located in the core domain.'",
"The ANSWER directly contradicts the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,941 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that transmission of respiratory viruses generally happens through large respiratory droplets.",
"The ANSWER correctly mentions 'through large respiratory droplets,' which is consistent with the information provided in the DOCUMENT.",
"The DOCUMENT also mentions other possible transmission modes such as fine particle aerosols and indirect transmission via fomites, but the ANSWER does not contradict this information by focusing only on large respiratory droplets."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,541 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that out of a total of 3711 persons on the Diamond Princess, 199 symptomatic cases were diagnosed on board as of 24 February.",
"The ANSWER correctly mentions the number of symptomatic cases diagnosed on board as 199.",
"The DOCUMENT also mentions additional asymptomatic infections and symptomatic cases after disembarkation, which the ANSWER also correctly includes."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,510 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) is widely applied in time series prediction and forecasting problems.",
"The ANSWER correctly states that ANFIS is applied in time series prediction and forecasting problems.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 512 |