content
stringlengths 71
484k
| url
stringlengths 13
5.97k
|
|---|---|
If your baby doesn’t start babbling (or at least “cooing”) at 4 or 5 months of age, don’t panic — there’s some wiggle room here. However, if your baby is 8 months old and still not babbling, you may want to make an appointment with your pediatrician.
When should I worry if my baby isn’t babbling?
When should I be concerned if my baby is not babbling? If your baby is not babbling by 12 months, talk to your pediatrician, as most babies babble between 6-10 months of age. … Babies who do not babble are more at risk for speech and language delays and disorders down the road, so it’s something to keep an eye on.
Is it normal for babies not to babble?
If a baby isn’t babbling normally, something may be interrupting what should be a critical chain: not enough words being said to the baby, a problem preventing the baby from hearing what’s said, or from processing those words. Something wrong in the home, in the hearing or perhaps in the brain.
How do I get my baby to start babbling?
Here are some more ways to encourage your baby’s babbles:
- Be a copycat. Repeat your baby’s “da-da-da” right back to him. …
- Make eye contact. …
- Narrate what you’re doing. …
- Ask lots of questions. …
- Read to your baby. …
- Sing songs. …
- Give everything a name. …
- Point out sounds.
What is considered late babbling?
Babies who aren’t babbling by 7 or 8 months are showing a sign that something may not be developing in a typical fashion. And before 6 months, something that’s not quite babbling occurs. We call it “cooing.” Those are soft vowel-like sounds, “oohs” and “aahs,” and we want to hear these pre-linguistic vocalizations.
Should my baby be babbling at 7 months?
Your baby is babbling. … At this age most babies still use body language to communicate, like making noises to get your attention. If your baby is an early talker you might hear her say 1-2 words like ‘mama’ or ‘dada’, but she won’t know what these words mean.
Do all babies babble?
Typically by 6 months of age, all normally developing children will babble. However, infants with certain medical conditions or developmental delays may exhibit a delay or an absence of babbling. For example, infants who have had a tracheotomy typically do not babble because they are unable to phonate.
Why has my 8 month old stopped babbling?
However, if your baby is 8 months old and still not babbling, you may want to make an appointment with your pediatrician. A delay in language development can point to a few different causes, ranging from hearing and speech impairments to developmental disorders like autism.
Does teething affect babbling?
Researchers found that what the babies have in their mouths impacts what sounds they can perceive. Babies who begin to babble often carry different teething toys in their mouth and the research team tested these objects to see if there is an effect on the babies’ development.
Do babies with autism laugh?
The researchers report that children with autism are more likely to produce ‘unshared’ laughter — laughing when others aren’t — which jibes with the parent reports. In effect, children with autism seem to laugh when the urge strikes them, regardless of whether other people find a particular situation funny.
When do babies start babbling consonants?
Around six to seven months of age, babies begin to babble. They are now able to produce vowels and combine them with a consonant, generating syllables (e.g., [da]). This is an important milestone in speech development, and one that marks a departure from the imprecise vocalisations of the first months of life.
At what age do late talkers talk?
A “Late Talker” is a toddler (between 18-30 months) who has good understanding of language, typically developing play skills, motor skills, thinking skills, and social skills, but has a limited spoken vocabulary for his or her age. | https://notsobudgetbackpacker.com/babies/what-should-i-do-if-my-baby-isnt-babbling.html |
Although babies tend to do things at different rates, one skill forms the basis of the next. This means they tend to acquire basic skills in the same order.
The importance of baby milestones is twofold. It reassures you that you are providing the necessary skills and information to raise a happy, healthy, well-adjusted child, but they also mean that you can pick up any issues. If milestones continue to be missed, this could raise a red flag.
ALSO SEE: 10 red flags that indicate a motor development delay
Kathryn Sneed, the mother of two special needs children, author and founder of singingthroughtherain.net, explains that when your child is born, it’s easy to believe that keeping track of developmental milestones may not seem that important. “After all, you’re a busy, sleep-deprived mom!” But, she adds, they do need to be monitored. She gives the following four reasons:
- “Sometimes a child might be a little behind. That’s OK. Every child grows and changes at his or her own pace and many times there are things you can do at home to help them catch up.” She explains it’s important not to let your child fall too far behind.
- “Depending on how far behind your child may be or depending on the type of milestones they are missing, your doctor may be able to tell you exactly what is going on with your child.”
- They can help you get early intervention and therapy.
- They can help you get a diagnosis.
The milestones listed below offer you a guideline of what you can expect (and from when), but many elements can affect the rate at which these milestones are reached. These include genetics, temperament, stimulation, opportunity and gender.
ALSO SEE: Why you shouldn’t compare your baby’s milestones to another child’s
Baby milestones and what they mean:
Eye contact: 6 – 8 weeks
Your baby will fix his eyes on your face if you are within 25cm and will start to make eye contact. Researchers at the University of Cambridge explain that making eye contact helps your baby’s brainwaves to “get in sync” with yours, which helps with the development of communication and learning. This is one of the first milestones you will notice and is important on an emotional level, as it helps the bonding process and from an intellectual level, as this is the first step towards your baby’s future language development.
Social smile: 6 – 8 weeks
It stands to reason that this is around the same time that the first real smile (and not wind) comes to light. And while you may proudly say your baby has been smiling from around three or so weeks, this is a spontaneous response. The special social smile is generally in response to you smiling at him. It’s an exchange of emotions, and recognition that you are important to him. This is important for bonding and for him to start to make sense of his environment.
ALSO SEE: 10 ways to get your baby to smile
Cooing: 8 weeks
Up to now, your baby’s main form of communication has been through crying. But now, he will respond excitedly to familiar people he recognises, and will quieten when you cuddle him or speak to him. He is beginning to discriminate between voices, faces and objects. Early childhood experts explain that your baby’s brain is like a sponge during the first three years of life − constantly soaking up information. Around eight weeks, activity takes place in your baby’s front temporal lobe, which houses the speech centre, which is when he starts cooing. The more you talk to him, the more he will respond – this is his first move into learning how to converse.
Babbling and talking: 12 – 16 weeks
His cooing and sound-making will now move more into babbling. This involves his tongue moving to form sounds. You may find he will practise this skill as much as possible, and may even get louder or shout if you don’t respond to him. This leads to “convesing” by the age of about six months, when he will babble to you and expect a response back. According to speech therapists, if your baby is not producing age-appropriate babbling, this could be an indication of a larger issue, such as hearing loss, speech and language delay or a learning disability. However, some babies may babble later than others. If you have any concerns, consult your doctor or caregiver.
ALSO SEE: Does your baby have a hearing problem? Look out for these signs
Reaching and grabbing: 5 – 7 months
This is your baby’s way of interacting with his environment, and reveals his interest, curiosity and desires – all of which are the building blocks for learning. You can help encourage this by placing his favourite toy just out of reach. Now is the time to engage with toys, soft activity books and textures that encourage him to engage all of his senses, so he can learn more about his world.
Pulling up and standing: 9 – 10 months
He is independent and ready to take on the world! This is his move towards taking his first steps and is one of the most important gross motor milestones, as it will reveal the strength and stability of his core and legs.
ALSO SEE: When will my baby walk? Look out for these 5 signs
Pincer grasp: 9 – 11 months
From around seven months, he will have been using his fingers and thumb to grab an item he wants. This is refined as he moves from using all of his fingers, to delicately grasping an item between his index finger and thumb. This skill is a great indicator of his fine motor skills, and is another step towards his independence.
Gesturing: 12 months
Along with his advanced babbling, he will start gesturing to make himself understood − be it asking for something, or responding to a question you have asked him. Again, he is making sense of his world, and is communicating his needs and desires with others.
First word: 12 months
Around this time, he will start connecting objects and familiar people with words and names and will try to sound them out. He understands the concept of language, and that a particular sound or word is the linked symbol to that person or object. Speech therapists explain that, generally, babies will start forming words at this age. By 18 months, he may have a repertoire of around 20 to 50 words. However, other babies take a bit longer and may only have a vocab of between five and 10 words. If your baby has not started talking by 18 months, speak to your doctor or specialist as you may want to rule out any other problem. | https://www.livingandloving.co.za/baby-blog/9-essential-baby-milestones-little-one-reach |
Recognizing the Early Signs of Autism
As a parent of a young child, you spend what seems like every waking hour meeting your little one’s needs and helping them progress to the next milestone in life. While the timing of those milestones will vary to some degree, your pediatrician will provide you with basic guidelines on what to expect – from babbling and crawling to taking first steps and speaking first words – and when.
“I urge parents to remember that early childhood development is generally a dynamic evolution of maturation, with milestones often reached at varied times,” says pediatrician Dr. Steven A. Shapiro. “Don’t compare your child’s development with that of others. Instead, let your pediatrician help you understand what kind of advocacy makes sense for all of your concerns.”
If your child doesn’t reach a milestone when they should, there’s no reason to panic — but it may be time to ask questions.
“You’re smart to be vigilant about your child’s development and to talk frequently with your pediatrician about any concerns,” says occupational therapy professor Dr. Roseann C. Schaaf. “Any parent who is concerned about their child’s development should see their pediatrician and ask for an early screening for autism spectrum disorder.”
What is Autism Spectrum Disorder?
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder of childhood. It’s present from early childhood and is characterized by difficulties with communication, social interaction, hyper- and/or hypo-reactivity to sensory stimuli (such as pulling away from touch) and a restricted or repetitive range of behaviors (such as lining up toy cars).
“Currently, one in 68 children have ASD,” notes Dr. Schaaf. “The prevalence of autism has increased over the last 10 years, mainly due to better diagnostic procedures to identify autism, and changing diagnostic criteria that more specifically identify those children with autism.”
Dr. Schaaf recommends being aware of some of the early signs of autism. These include lack of a social smile, limited or no eye contact, limited language and vocabulary, limited communicative gestures such as waving goodbye or pointing to a parent or a glass to request a drink, failure to respond to a name and a preference for being alone.
Autism advocacy organization, Autism Speaks, provides helpful guidelines for these potential signs of autism by age range:
By six to nine months:
- No social smiles or other warm, joyful expressions directed at people
- Limited or no eye contact
- No sharing of vocal sounds, smiles or other nonverbal communication (9 months)
By 12 months:
- No babbling
- No use of gestures to communicate (e.g. pointing, reaching, waving, etc.)
- No response to name when called
By 16 – 24 months:
- No words (16 months)
- No meaningful, two-word phrases and loss of any previously acquired speech, babbling or social skills (24 months)
“It is important to note that children may display these behaviors and not have autism,” stresses Dr. Schaaf. “A full diagnostic assessment by a trained psychologist or therapist is needed to confirm the diagnosis.”
The Importance of Early Intervention
In every state, children with developmental delays related to health conditions such as ASD are eligible for early intervention services that will help provide the necessary support for your child’s development and learning.
“Early in life, children learn new skills more quickly, so getting help early is beneficial,” says Dr. Schaaf. “Early intervention for children with autism often consists of an educational program with support services such as occupational therapy, speech and language therapy, and behavioral therapy.”
Educate Yourself
Dr. Schaaf also reminds not to panic or despair if you suspect your child may have ASD. Great strides have been made in helping children with autism lead successful and meaningful lives. | https://thehealthnexus.org/recognizing-the-early-signs-of-autism/ |
Home | About Us | Patient Portal | Contact Us
Hearing develops early in fetal development and is fully functioning at birth. While children respond differently at different stages of growth and development, hearing problems may be suspected in children who are not responding to sounds or who are not developing their language skills appropriately. The following are some age-related guidelines that may help to decide if your child is experiencing hearing problems.
It is important to remember that not every child is the same, and children reach milestones at different ages. Talk with your child's healthcare provider if you are suspicious that your child is not hearing appropriately. The National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders and other experts list the following age-appropriate hearing milestones for babies and toddlers.
Birth to 3 months
Reacts to loud sounds with startle reflex
Is soothed and quieted by soft sounds
Turns head to you when you speak
Is awakened by loud voices and sounds
Smiles in response to certain voices when spoken to
Seems to know your voice and quiets down if crying
4 to 6 months
Looks or turns toward a new sound
Responds to "no" and changes in tone of voice
Imitates his or her own voice
Enjoys rattles and other toys that make sounds
Begins to repeat sounds (such as, "ooh," "aah," and "ba-ba")
Becomes scared by a loud voice or noise
7 to 12 months
Responds to his or her own name, telephone ringing, or someone's voice, even when not loud
Knows words for common things (such as, "cup" or "shoe") and sayings (such as, "bye-bye")
Makes babbling sounds, even when alone
Starts to respond to requests (such as, "come here")
Looks at things or pictures when someone talks about them
Enjoys games like peek-a-boo and pat-a-cake
Imitates simple words and sounds; may use a few single words meaningfully
1 to 2 years
Follows 1-step commands when shown by a gesture
Uses words he or she has learned often
Uses 2 to 3 word sentences to talk about and ask for things
Says more words as each month passes
Points to some body parts when asked
Understands simple "yes-no" questions (such as, "Are you hungry?")
Understands simple phrases (such as, in the cup, or on the table)
Enjoys being read to
Understands "not now" and "no more" | http://library.sarahbush.org/Library/DiseasesConditions/Pediatric/Growth/90,P02169 |
- Beginning at around 1 month, the child intently watches his mother when she talks to him.
- He starts smiling back (social smile) when anyone talks to him or smiles at him by 6-8 weeks of age. It is important to differentiate social smile from spontaneous smile (smile without any social interaction), which is present even in neonates.
- By 3 months, he enjoys looking around and recognizes his mother.
- By 6 months, he vocalizes and smiles at his mirror image, and imitates acts such as cough or tongue protrusion.
- The child becomes anxious on meeting strangers (stranger anxiety) by 6-7 months of age.
- At this age he inhibits to "no". At 9 months, he waves "bye-bye" and also repeats any performance that evokes an appreciative response from the observers.
- By 1 year he can understand simple questions, such as "where is papa", "where is your ball", etc.
- By 15 months, he points to objects in which he is interested.
- By 18 months, he follows simple orders and indulges in domestic mimicry (imitates mother sweeping or cleaning).
- At 2 year when asked he can point to 5-6 familiar objects, name at least 2-3 objects and point to 3--4 body parts. He begins to count, identify 1-2 colors and sing simple rhymes by age of 3 year Much of these milestones depend on the caretaker's interaction and opportunities provided to the child.
- The left and right discrimination develops by 4 year by this age, play activities are also very imaginative.
- By 5 year of age, children can follow 3 step commands, identify four colors and repeat four digits.
|Age||Milestone|
|2 Month||Social smile (smile after being talked to)|
|3 Month||Recognizes mother; anticipates feeds|
|6 Month||Recognizes strangers, stranger anxiety|
|9 Month||Waves "bye bye"|
|12 Month||Comes when called; plays simple ball game|
|15 Month||Jargon(Infant babbling begins to resemble the native language of a child)|
|18 Month||Copies parents in task (e.g. sweeping)|
|2 Year||Asks for food, drink, toilet; pulls people to show toys|
|3 Year||Shares toys; knows full name and gender|
|4 Year||Plays cooperatively in a group; goes to toilet alone|
|5 Year||Helps in household tasks, dresses and undresses|
Language-
- After appearance of social smile at around 6 to 8 weeks, the child begins to vocalize with vowel sounds such as 'ah, uh'.
- At 3-4 months, he squeals with delight and laughs loud. He begins to say 'ah-goo', 'gaga' by 5 months of age.
- By 6 months, he uses monosyllables (ba, da, pa). Later, he joins consonants to form bisyllables (mama, baba, dada). Before developing true meaningful speech,
- At around 9-10 months the child learns to imitate sounds derived from his native language.
- At his first birthday, he can usually say 1-2 words with meaning.
- At 18 months, he has a vocabulary of 8-10 words. Thereafter, the vocabulary increases rapidly to around 100 words by 2 year at which time 2-3 words are joined to form simple sentences.
- By 3 year the toddler continually asks questions and knows his full name. He can give a coherent account of recent experiences and events by the age of 4 year.
Vision -
- At birth, a baby can fixate and follow a moving person or dangling ring held 8-10 inches a way up to a range of 45°.
- This increases to 90° by 4 weeks and 180° by 12 weeks. At around 1 month, the baby can fixate on his mother as she talks to him.
- At about 3-4 months, the child fixates intently on an object shown to him (' grasping with the eye') as if the child wants to reach for the object. Binocular vision begins at around 6 weeks and is well established by 4 months.
- By 6 months, the child adjusts his position to follow objects of interest, can follow rapidly moving objects by 1 year Later the child displays more maturity in vision by not only identifying smaller objects but also being able to recognize them.
Hearing-
- Newborns respond to sounds by startle, blink, cry, quieting or change in ongoing activity.
- By 3 to 4 months, the child turns his head towards the source of sound. Hearing, may be checked by producing sound 1.5 feet away from the ear (out of field of vision), and a pattern of evolving maturity of hearing can be observed.
- At 5 to 6 months the child turns the head to one side and then downwards if a sound is made below the level of ears. One month later he is able to localize sounds made above the level of ears. | http://nursingawareness.com/message.php?id=104 |
By 6 weeks to 3 months, most babies will have developed a personal repertoire of vowel sounds, cooing and gurgling. How to help your baby discover it: As fun as it is to listen to your baby’s monologue, it’s even more fun to pick up the conversation by cooing, singing and talking back.
Do babies babble at 3 months?
Stages of Verbal Development in Babies
First, vowel-like sounds at birth move to coos and goos at 2 to 3 months. Babbling starts around 4 months of age.
What age do babies start making sounds?
Some babies begin to make some vowel sounds (like “ah-ah” or “ooh-ooh”) at about 2 months. Your baby will “talk” to you with a variety of sounds, and also will also smile at you and wait for your response, and respond to your smiles with his or her own. Your baby may even mimic your facial expressions.
Why is my 3 month old making high pitched noises?
High-pitched, squeaky sound: Called stridor or laryngomalacia, this is a sound very young babies make when breathing in. It is worse when a child is lying on their back. It is caused by excess tissue around the larynx and is typically harmless. It typically passes by the time a child reaches age 2.
At what age do babies say mama?
Communication and Your 8- to 12-Month-Old. During these months, your baby might say “mama” or “dada” for the first time, and will communicate using body language, like pointing and shaking his or her head.
What is the most common first word for a baby?
In American English, the 10 most frequent first words, in order, are mommy, daddy, ball, bye, hi, no, dog, baby, woof woof, and banana.
What does babbling mean in babies?
Babbling and baby jargon – This is the use of repeated syllables over and over like “bababa,” but without specific meaning. It usually occurs between 6 and 9 months. Babbling turns into baby jargon, or “nonsense speech.”
What age do babies respond to their name?
While some babies are able to recognize their names as early as 4 to 6 months, most should reach this point consistently by 7 to 9 months.
What does a cooing baby sound like?
When babies coo, they are using the back of their throat to create vowel sounds such as ah-ah-ah and oh-oh-oh. Try talking back and they may respond with another ah-ah-ah. Don’t expect your infant to coo on cue though. | https://hire4baby.com/newborn/what-sounds-do-babies-make-at-3-months.html |
Canonical babbling (CB) is critical in forming foundations for speech. Research has shown that the emergence of CB precedes first words, predicts language outcomes, and is delayed in infants with several communicative disorders. We seek a naturalistic portrayal of CB development, using all-day home recordings to evaluate the influences of age, language, and social circumstances on infant CB production. Thus we address the nature of very early language foundations and how they can be modulated. This is the first study to evaluate possible interactions of language and social circumstance in the development of babbling. We examined the effects of age (6 and 11 months), language/culture (English and Chinese), and social circumstances (during infant-directed speech [IDS], during infant overhearing of adult-directed speech [ADS], or when infants were alone) on canonical babbling ratios (CBR = canonical syllables/total syllables). The results showed a three-way interaction of infant age by infant language/culture by social circumstance. The complexity of the results forces us to recognize that a variety of factors can interact in the development of foundations for language, and that both the infant vocal response to the language/culture environment and the language/culture environment of the infant may change across age. | https://researchoutput.ncku.edu.tw/zh/publications/babbling-development-as-seen-in-canonical-babbling-ratios-a-natur |
By Paulette Cormier
As parents, we are first and foremost concerned with the health of our children. We want them to be physically healthy. We want their brains to be growing and developing as they should so they can learn the things they need to know and so they can thrive socially. We are the “experts” of our children. We know them better than anyone else and are aware of what they can do and cannot do. Chances are they are developing as they should, but how can we be sure?
We can compare our child’s abilities to other same-aged children but this is not always a reliable indicator. The same abilities (rolling over, sitting up, babbling, standing, walking, talking, etc.) appear at different times. These “developmental milestones” happen within certain time frames that are considered “normal.” For example, children typically learn to walk anywhere between nine and 15 months. If your child is not doing the same thing as your friend’s child, this is not an immediate sign for concern.
At regular medical appointments, your doctor should be asking you questions about your child to ensure development is on track. The Autism Speaks Canada website lists typical milestones for children between four months and five years of age. Before each scheduled appointment, you can examine the list and take the time to see if your child has met these milestones. If there are concerns, your doctor can begin to investigate earlier.
As the parent of a child with autism, I know how easy it is to brush off concerns. When my doctor would ask me if my child was showing evidence of a developmental milestone, I would truthfully say “yes.” In hindsight, I realized that although he sometimes did do these things, they were not as frequent as they should have been or expressed with as much motivation. While I should have voiced my concern that something seemed “not quite right,” I chose not to.
Several of the families I work with also tell me they had a feeling that something was wrong early on, but were reassured by family, friends, and even professionals that their child would probably “grow out of it.” It’s very difficult to be objective as a parent because, truthfully, we want everything to be developing normally and it is easy to let ourselves be consoled that everything is fine.
Some children are late bloomers and do catch up. However, it is a widely accepted fact that early intervention can have a profound influence on the quality of life for children with autism and their families. If you do have concerns, it’s best to bring these up with your doctor sooner rather than later.
Because the incidence of autism is on the rise (currently estimated at one in 165 children), there are long wait lists for funded diagnosis appointments and services. It’s important to remember that autism is a treatable disorder and the sooner you are able to give your child the support he or she needs, the better the chance for a good outcome.
The Autism Speaks Canada website lists the following “early warning signs” for autism. If you see evidence of any of these, you should discuss this with your doctor:
- No big smiles or other warm, joyful expressions by six months or thereafter
- No back-and-forth sharing of sounds, smiles, or other facial expressions by nine months or thereafter
- No babbling by 12 months
- No back-and-forth gestures, such as pointing, showing, reaching, or waving by 12 months
- No words by 16 months
- No two-word meaningful phrases (without imitating or repeating) by 24 months
- Any loss of speech or babbling or social skills at any age
As I mentioned earlier, there are often long wait lists for funded services in Ontario. One thing many parents do not know is that they are able to have their child evaluated and diagnosed (if necessary) by a psychologist working in private practice. If your doctor has indicated a need for concern, and waiting lists for funded evaluations are long, this may be something to consider. Although not inexpensive, this service is sometimes fully covered by employee benefit plans.
Paulette Cormier, B.A., B.Ed. | http://mumsnchums.com/understanding-signs-concerned-autism/ |
To save time at your first visit to Central Illinois Hearing, please download, print, and complete the applicable forms. Please note: every new patient must complete the New Patient Info form. Choose appropriately whether to complete the Pediatric or Adult Case History form.
Hearing loss can occur at any age. It is often such a gradual process that the person with the impairment is the last one to realize there is a problem. If you think you or a family members has a hearing problem, consult a hearing health professional and arrange to be tested as soon as possible.
Many types of hearing loss are only temporary and can be treated by your hearing health professional. Other types of hearing loss are permanent but still can be improved with the proper hearing aid and training.
If you answer “no” to any of these questions, have your child’s hearing tested. Early detection of a hearing problem is important to your child’s proper development.
-Birth to 3 months: Is your baby startled by sudden loud sounds?
-3 to 6 months: Does your baby respond to your voice? Does your baby enjoy rattles or other noise-making toys?
-6 to 12 months: Does your baby respond to his or her name?
-12 to 18 months: Does your baby understand “No” or “Bye-bye”? Can your baby imitate simple words or sounds?
-2 years: Can your child point to familiar objects when you ask? Has your child started to talk?
If you answer “yes” to any of the following questions, a hearing test is suggested.
- Does your child have problems paying attention in school?
- Does your child have a problem understanding if you speak from behind?
- Do you think you child can hear, but only when he or she wants to hear?
- Do you think your child speaks too loudly?
If you answer “yes” to any of these questions, you should have your hearing tested.
- Do you think other people mumble or speak too softly?
- Do you hear better with one ear than with the other?
- Do friends and family tell you that they have to repeat things for you?
- Do you have difficulty hearing when you are with a large group of people?
- Do people complain that you turn up the TV too loudly?
- Have you ever said, “I can hear you; I just didn’t understand what you said?”
- Do you avoid certain activities because it is too difficult to hear?
Speech problems in children may be evidenced by delayed development in comparison to other children of the same age. Lack of clear, concise communication may indicate a problem. Hearing disorders in children may be forewarned by an infant’s failure to react to noises and failure to follow simple commands by age two.
In adults, sound distortion and lack of clarity or a subdued quality in the sounds may indicate a hearing problem.
Voice problems in adults may be shown by persistent huskiness or coughing.
The following are milestones, the points of progress children should reach in their own style, at their own pace.
Birth to 3 Months
-Reacts to sudden noises by crying or jerking body
-Reacts to familiar objects, such as a bottle, or familiar people such as parents
-Differentiates the cry of pain from the cry of hunger
-Coos, begins to form prolonged vowels with changes in intonation (“Ahhhhh-AH-ahhh!)
-Watches objects intently
3 to 6 Months
-Begins to babble, using syllables with a consonant and vowel (“baa-ba-BA-ba-ba!”) and uses intonation changes
-Laughs and shows pleasure when happy
-Turns the head to see where sound is coming from
-Uses a louder voice for crying and babbling than before
-Shows delight when bottle or breast is presented
6 to 9 Months
-Begins to comprehend simple words such as no and looks at family members when they are named
-Babbles with a singsong pattern at times
-Controls babbling to two syllables, which sometimes sounds like words such as “Mama,” although meaning is, typically, not understood by the baby yet.
-Understands facial expressions and reacts to them
-Attempts gestures to correspond to a pat-a-cake and bye-bye
-Shakes head to show no
-Uses more and more sounds when babbling, such as syllables with da, ba, ka, pa, ma and wa
9 to 12 Months
-Has fun imitating simple sounds and babbling
-Begins to say “Mama” and “Dada” with meaning
-Begins to understand that words represent objects
-Jabbers loudly
-Responds to music
-Gives or seeks a toy or common object when requested
-Imitates common animal sounds
-Gestures and whines to request something
-Looks directly at the source of sound immediately
12 to 18 Months
-Understands 50 to 75 words
-Uses 3 to 20 “real” words, even if not produced completely clearly
-Points to known objects when named
-Points to a few simple body parts, such as eyes and nose
-Babbles and uses nonsense words while pointing
-Follows simple one-step commands
-Uses words like more, all-gone, mine and down
-Imitates words
-Pronounces some understandable words
-Typical utterances at this age:
“Mama”
“No!”
“Daddy"
"doppit” (stop it)
“Appuh” (apple)
“Gimme da!” (give me that)
“Baw” (ball)
“Too-duh” (toothbrush)
18 Months to 2 Years
-Comprehends about 300 words
-Uses about 50 recognizable words, mostly nouns
-Speaks with mostly “real” words now
-Wants to hear the same stories over and over
-Uses rising intonation pattern to show a question
-Shakes head to answer yes/no questions (“Do you want more milk?”)
-Follows two related commands (“Go upstairs and get your bottle.”)
-Begins to use some verbs (go) and adjectives (big)
-Joins two related words to make one word (geddown for get down or stoppit for stop it)
-Starts to ask, “What’s ’at?” (what’s that)
-Talks about what is happening now
-Tells you his or her name when asked
-Joins in nursery rhymes and songs
-Speaks with many pauses between words
-Typical utterances at this age:
“Dawddie bad!” (Doggie bad!)
“Go ‘way!” (Go away)
“No, Mommy.”
“See...horsey,... Daddy!”
“Danwit... goo’... Mommy.” (Sandwich good, Mommy.)
“Nigh’nigh’ now?” (Night-night now?)
“Go dore?” (Go store?)
2 to 3 Years
-Understands about 900 words
-Uses about 500 words
-Pronounces words more clearly
-Engages in eye contact during conversations with occasional prompting
-Makes frustrations known more with words and less with temper tantrums and crying
-Sits and listens to stories for 10 to 20 minutes
-Identifies a boy and girl
-Answers simple questions beginning with who, where, and what (“Who drives a firetruck”)
-Understands prepositions such as in, on and so forth
-Begins to ask yes/no questions (“It raining?)
-Talks to self while playing
-Begins to use function words such as is (“Ball is red”)
-Begins to use past tense verbs (walked, kicked)
-“Stutters” when excited sometimes
-Pronounces these sounds consistently in words: m, n, p, f, b, d, h, y, m
-Typical utterances at this age:
“Daddy’s tar...so big!” (daddy’s car so big)
“Mommy put dat downstairs?” (Mommy put that downstairs?)
“On no! My-my-my jeth iddirty!” (Oh no! My dress is dirty.)
“You wanna ‘nana, An Pat?” (You want a banana, Aunt Pat?)
“I doe wannit!” (I don’t want it)
“Mattchew’s yeg is beedin’!” ( Matthew’s leg bleeding)
“Duh wabbit eated duh cawit!” (The rabbit eated the carrot)
3 to 4 Years
-Begins to use is at beginning of questions
-Understands about 1,200 words
-Uses about 800 words
-Uses eye contact more consistently during conversations
-Asks many questions, usually what or who questions
-Understands time concepts such as morning, lunch time, tonight
-Understands positional words such as in front, behind, up and down
-Starts to use s on verbs to show present tense (he runs)
-Uses contractions won’t and can’t
-Uses and
-Uses plurals consistently (books, toys)
-Use are, or contracted form, with plural nouns (“Kids’re playing outside”)
-Initiates conversations, making comments or observations
-Asks many questions, sometimes the same one several times in a few minutes
-Follows a simple plot in children’s storybook
-Sits down and does one activity for 10 to 15 minutes
-“Stutters” less frequently
-Pronounces the beginning, middle and ending sounds in words, except for consonant blends (e.g., bl, fr cr)
-Uses k and g sounds correctly, but s may still be somewhat “lispy” sounding; r and l may be distorted: v, sh ch, j and th still may not be used consistently
-Typical utterances at this age:
“The bider its cwawlin’ up duh twee!” (The spider is crawling up the tree)
“Dad, the tiddy-tat breaked the diss.” (Dad, the kitty-cat breaked the dish.)
“Is Mom-Mom comin’ today?”
“Where’s the hop-sital?” (Where’s the hospital?)
“Yesterday my dog Wainbow ate six bixkits.” (Yesterday, my dog Rainbow ate six biscuits)
4 to 5 Years
-Comprehends 2,500 to 2,800 words
-Uses 1,500 to 2,000 words
-Speaks clearly most of the time
-Describes pictures with complete sentences
-Makes up stories
-Uses all pronouns correctly: he, she I, you, them
-Describes what you do with common objects
-Speaks in complex sentences that often run together
-Uses past, present and future tenses of verbs (sit, sitting, sat, will sit)
-Uses irregular verbs (drank, ate) and irregular nouns (men, children) somewhat consistently
-Follows three-step commands
-Explains events that took place in the past with accurate detail
-Knows common opposites such as big/little, heavy/light
-Plays dramatically and chats a lot
-Repeats a sentence with 10 to 12 syllables
-Listens and attends to stories, conversations, and movies
-Mispronounces s, r, th, l, v, sh ch j and blends
-Typical Utterances at this age:
“Daddy, I wanna go to Joey’s house after lunch ‘cause he’s got this great new truck I wanna play wif (with).”
“Is this your pocketbook? Could I thee (see) what you have inside it?”
“Do you have any gum in there?”
“I found all these wed (red) marbles on Jose’s floor, Mommy. Can I have them? I want to play with them for a little while.”
“Look at all those gwirrels (squirrels) runnin’ across the road!”
“Johnnie cutted the paper all up.”
5 to 7 Years: The Refinement Years
-Refines pronunciation, sentence structure, word use, attention span for listening, and memory for directions
-Increases vocabulary; incorporates new words into spontaneous speech
-Retells stories: explains experiences more, in a cohesive, sequential manner and with greater elaboration
-Participates in group discussions and takes turns in conversation; comments are more relative to topic being discussed
-Begins to learn language relationships: opposites (big/little, sad/happy), synonyms (big/large, sad/unhappy), associations (bread/butter, pencil/eraser), and classification (shirt/pants/socks belong in the category of clothing)
-Typical utterances at this age:
“Last week Daddy took me and Levonne to the Bronx Zoo.”
“You shoulda seen the monkeys and elephants!”
“She has ‘amonia and she’s really sick, so she has to stay in the hopsital for another week.”
When children begin school, language is translated into written symbols through spelling and comprehended through reading. Written words are developed into sentences and stories. Children whose oral language is deficient (beyond the typical errors a child of this age displays) are at risk for reading, writing and spelling problems. However, teachers are trained to teach children in a way that best suits their individual needs. So, although communication problems may present a challenge, they certainly can be managed with a little bit of teamwork, creativity, and patience!
7 Years to Adolescence
-Possesses a functional and abstract language system
-Shows age-appropriate skills in reading, writing, speaking and listening
-Joins sentences to form coherent, descriptive thoughts and stories; listeners are not left confused
-Masters word relationships (synonyms, antonyms, association, classification, etc.)
-Pronounces multisyllable words correctly once practiced a few times
-Comprehends information heard and read when adequately taught and explained
-Understands and uses more idioms (pain in the neck, out of your mind)
-Understands plots with increasing depth and complexity when read or watched in a movie or television show
-Essentially, a child’s language at this age mirrors an adult’s, but with more simplicity.
Chronic conditions such as age related hearing loss and senile dementia are becoming more prevalent and costly in terms of healthcare burden and expenditures. An estimated 5.2 million older adults had Alzheimer’s disease in 2014, with prevalence projected to rise to 6.7 million by 2025. Like age related hearing loss, detection of dementia is a problem in routine medical practice, with the diagnosis often missed.
The devastating effects and medical expenditures associated with dementia care have served as the impetus for research devoted to uncovering modifiable determinants and risk factors. Treating hearing impairment may in fact serve as a buffer against the onset of cognitive decline.
People with a mild, moderate or even severe hearing loss have a twofold, threefold and fivefold increased risk respectively, of dementia compared with people who have normal hearing. Bottom line, Good hearing can lead to a healthy physical, mental state. Got your hearing checked?
Hearing loss affects the communication ability of at least 24 million Americans – over half of whom are over the age of 65 – causing loneliness, anxiety and isolation. Yet, it is estimated that only 4 to 5 million people wear hearing aids to help overcome their hearing problems.
One reason is that hearing loss is invisible and almost gradual and painless. There are no physical warning signs, except in some cases where ringing in the ears (tinnitus) may be present. It is typical for a person with a mild to moderate hearing loss to be unaware of their problem, even though family and friends may be aware of the problem.
Hearing loss ranks third among disabilities in older Americans. This rate is increasing at a faster rate due to the aging of the U.S. population.
The causes of hearing problems vary greatly according to age. Some hearing problems are due to genetic factors, while others are caused by infectious diseases, excessive noise exposure, ototoxic drugs, presbycusis (aging process) and trauma.
Sound waves are collected by the outer ear and channeled along the ear canal to the eardrum. When sound hits the eardrum, the impact creates vibration, which in turn causes the three bones in the middle ear to move. The smallest of these bones, the stirrup, fits into the oval window between the middle and inner ear. When the oval window vibrates, fluid in the inner ear transmits the vibrations into a delicate, snail-shaped structure called the cochlea.
In the inner ear, thousands of microscopic hair cells are bent by the wave-like action of fluid inside the cochlea. The bending of these hair cells sets off nerve impulses that are passed through the auditory nerve to the hearing center of the brain. The center translates the impulses into sound memories that the brain can recognize.
Approximately 10 percent of all hearing losses may be helped medically or surgically. The remaining 90 percent may find help in the form of hearing aids or assistive listening devices.
Conductive loss is produced by injury to or problems with the bones, eardrums and membranes that carry sound from the external ear through the middle ear to the inner ear. Generally, conductive disorders affect children and can be medically or surgically treated by an otolaryngologist or ear, nose and throat specialist (M.D.).
Sensorineural is also known as nerve deafness, and is a loss in which all the mechanisms (outer and middle ear) are intact but a deterioration of the inner ear is present (specifically the hair cells). This may be caused by the natural aging process or degeneration of the nerves leading from the inner ear to the brain.
Sensorineural losses cannot be surgically or medically repaired.
Mixed is a loss that contains elements of both a conductive and sensorineural hearing loss. | http://centralillinoishearing.com/forms-and-resources |
How can I encourage my 7 month old to talk?
At 4 to 7 months
- Use the noises they make to encourage words. If they say “bah,” say “bottle” or “book.”
- Expand your conversations. When talking, speak slowly and start stressing certain words. …
- Introduce your baby to different objects. …
- Read to your child every day, especially colorful picture books and magazines.
What should my baby be doing at 7 months?
Seven-month-olds are learning to get around, although they don’t all do it in the same way. Your baby may creep, scoot, roll, crawl, or combine all four movements. You can encourage this new mobility by placing toys just out of your baby’s reach.
When should I worry about my baby not talking?
Call your doctor if your child: by 12 months: isn’t using gestures, such as pointing or waving bye-bye. by 18 months: prefers gestures over vocalizations to communicate. by 18 months: has trouble imitating sounds.
What is a late talker?
A “Late Talker” is a toddler (between 18-30 months) who has good understanding of language, typically developing play skills, motor skills, thinking skills, and social skills, but has a limited spoken vocabulary for his or her age.
At what age do babies babble?
Babbling and baby jargon – This is the use of repeated syllables over and over like “bababa,” but without specific meaning. It usually occurs between 6 and 9 months. Babbling turns into baby jargon, or “nonsense speech.”
How much food should 7-month-old eat?
Solid food: How much solid food for a 7-month-old? Baby should be starting to get three meals of solid food each day. Depending on the baby, a meal might be as little as a tablespoon or two or as much as four to six ounces (eight to 12 tablespoons) of baby food.
Why is my 7-month-old so clingy?
Babies and toddlers often get clingy and cry if you or their other carers leave them, even for a short time. Separation anxiety and fear of strangers is common in young children between the ages of 6 months and 3 years, but it’s a normal part of your child’s development and they usually grow out of it. | https://cokerschampagnetaste.com/newborn/you-asked-how-much-should-my-7-month-old-be-talking.html |
1 edition of Assessing and improving student organizations found in the catalog.
Assessing and improving student organizations
Tricia Nolfi
Published
2010 by Stylus Publishing in Sterling, Va .
Written in English
Edition Notes
Includes bibliographical references.
|Statement||Tricia Nolfi and Brent D. Ruben|
|Contributions||Ruben, Brent D.|
|Classifications|
|LC Classifications||LB3602 .N64 2010|
|The Physical Object|
|Pagination||xviii, 47 p. :|
|Number of Pages||47|
|ID Numbers|
|Open Library||OL24385364M|
|ISBN 10||157922413X|
|ISBN 10||9781579224134|
|LC Control Number||2010282538|
|OCLC/WorldCa||475454810|
Improving Reading Fluency 2nd - 3rd Fix My Mistakes: Helping Students Practice Editing SkillsMissing: student organizations.
Hills and streams
Community resource centres
Engineers for the public good
The New Tools of Technology
Buddhist India
Essentials of practical real estate law
Micro-element nutrition of plants
psychoanalysis of symptoms
Two Ramesside tombs at Thebes
Screening Shakespeares Hamlet.
Andalucía
NDT aspects of the significance of weld defects
New house-building statistics.
Critical English grammar
Beekeeping for profit and pleasure.
This book is designed to assist colleges and universities build a sustainable commitment to assessing student learning at both the institution and program levels.
It provides the tools for collective Assessing and improving student organizations book among faculty, staff, administrators and students to develop evidence of students’ abilities to integrate, apply and transfer learning, as well as to construct their own meaning/5(6).
The first edition of Assessing Student Learning has become the standard reference for college faculty and administrators who are charged with the task of assessing student learning within their institutions.
The second edition of this landmark book offers the same practical guidance and is designed to meet ever-increasing demands for improvement and by: This book addresses these important issues. ‘ASKe have focused on problems that are of high importance to students, especially their focus on making assessment work effectively for improving student by: This "Workbook" is intended for student participants during the AISO (Assessing and Improving Student Organization) assessment and planning sessions, and to be used in tandem with the "Guide for Students".Author: Tricia Nolfi, Brent D.
Ruben. Scoring Rubrics in the Classroom: Using Performance Criteria for Assessing and Improving Student Performance (Experts In Assessment Series) [Arter, Judith A., McTighe, Jay] on *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers.
Scoring Rubrics in the Classroom: Using Performance Criteria for Assessing and Improving Student Performance (Experts In Assessment Series)Cited by: ―Linda Suskie, assessment and accreditation consultant and author, Assessing Student Learning, Second Edition "This book holds a variety of useful material for any student affairs assessment professional.
Of particular interest is the use of case studies that brings the practices described in this book Cited by: Assessment, Academic performance.
INTRODUCTION Improving the assessment performance of the student is the responsibility of all parties involved in teaching and learning.
This is consistent with today’s labor forces that demand workers with academically excellent and high employability skills. Different aspects of assessments being. Assessment. Advancing Formative Assessment in Every Classroom: A Guide for Instructional Leaders () by Connie M.
Moss and Susan M. Brookhart; Advancing Formative Assessment in Every Classroom: A Guide for Instructional Leaders, 2nd Edition () by Connie M. Moss and Susan M. Brookhart; Assessing Student Outcomes: Performance Assessment Using the Dimensions of. Books shelved as assessment: Assessing Student Learning: A Common Sense Assessing and improving student organizations book, Second Edition by Linda Suskie, Checking for Understanding: Formative Asse.
ASSESSING YOURTEACHING EFFECTIVENESS net This job aid describes some methods you can use to analyze and improve your instruction, using your own observation and records and by gathering feedback from your students. This job aid will help you to: • decide which qualities of your teaching to evaluate • choose an appropriate assessment methodFile Size: KB.
Search the world's most comprehensive index of full-text books. My libraryMissing: student organizations. to improve teaching practices to better meet the needs, expectations, and goals of Assessing and improving student organizations book students, programs, and institutions, including consideration of implications for institu-tional program assessment on a broader scale.
Keywords: Assessment, feedback, data, student outcomes, Assessing and improving student organizations book Size: KB. In their handbook for course-based review and assessment, Martha L.
Stassen et al. define assessment as “the systematic collection and analysis of information to improve student learning.” (Stassen et Assessing and improving student organizations book,pg.
5) This definition captures the essential task of student assessment in the teaching and learning : Rhett Mcdaniel. Using classroom assessment to Assessing and improving student organizations book student learning is not a new idea. More than 30 years ago, Benjamin Bloom showed how to conduct this process in Assessing and improving student organizations book and highly effective ways when he described the practice of mastery learning (Bloom,).
THE IMPORTANCE OF CLASSROOM ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION IN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM Taghi Jabbarifar Yazd University, Iran ([email protected]) ABSTRACT This article attempts to look at the importance of classroom assessment and evaluation advantages.
A major concern of teaching English language for teachers has been assessing and evaluating File Size: 58KB. Assessment Essentials: Planning, Implementing, and Improving Assessment in Higher Education. [Palomba and Banta, ] This book by Catherine Palomba and Trudy Banta is a step-by-step guide that provides the most current practices for developing assessment programs on college and university campuses.
Each chapter of the book addresses a specific aspect of assessment and is designed to walk users through various steps of the assessment. This Assessment of Learning I college book Provides a comprehensive and extensive discussion on the basic concepts of assessment and the development of assessment tools to improve.
In other words, organizations assess student learning in meaningful, useful, and workable ways to evaluate how they are achieving their commitments and to act on the results in ways that advance student learning and improve educational quality.
Effective assessment of student learning is a matter of commitment, not a matter of compliance. Research informed but practical, the book is organized in three sections.
The first section focuses on preparing for the ever-changing higher education landscape and situating student affairs in the 21st century.
The second section explores the paradigm shift needed to bring traditional student affairs work to the online environment. This book shows how to develop assessments that undergraduate psychology faculty and administrators can use when designing pedagogies, courses, and curricula around student learning goals, including those identified by APA’s Guidelines for the Undergraduate Psychology : purpose of teacher assessment and evaluation.
The core purpose of teacher assessment and evaluation should be to strengthen the knowledge, skills, dispositions, and classroom practices of professional educators. This goal serves to promote student growth and learning while also inspiring great teachers to remain in the Size: KB.
Assessing Student Learning in the Community and Two-Year College / Megan Moore Gardner Sterling, Virginia: Stylus, Learning and Teaching Center Call Number: A Assessment essentials: planning, implementing, and improving assessment in higher education / Banta, Trudy Jossey-Bass Learning and Teaching Center Call Number.
At their best, assessments can help teachers improve students' learning by uncovering areas of misunderstanding or lack of understanding.
To report on assessment data, grading assigns values to the results as a record of students' ability, achievement, or progress. It's important to note that assessments aren't always used for grading purposes. Student Development; *Student Evaluation of Teacher Performance; Teacher Improvement.
A handbook for faculty discusses classroom assessment techniques as part of a larger effort to improve teaching and learning in traditional college classrooms. The introduction covers criteria for selecting classroom assessment techniques, organization. Book Series on Assessment in the Disciplines– Books on assessing student learning in such disciplines as chemistry, writing, engineering, mathematics, and business; Association for the Assessment of Learning in Higher Education (AALHE).
AALHE is a national organization of assessment practitioners committed to documenting and improving student. Montgomery, J. Quality assessment and improvement processes and techniques. Paper presented at Project Management Institute Annual Seminars & Symposium, Houston, TX.
Newtown Square, PA: Project Management Institute. There is no such thing as a perfectly executed project. Each has it own set of obstacles and each has its own areas in. Books. Books Available for Purchase. Qualities of Effective Teachers, 3rd ed. by James H. Stronge Assessing and Improving Performance by James H.
Stronge and Pamela D. Tucker (, » Recognized expertise in assessment and student growth measures» Top quality, handbooks, user guides, training materials, and support materials.
Organization of Assessment in Academic Affairs. OVERVIEW. This document provides a description of how assessment for student learning is organized within Academic Affairs at California State University, Stanislaus.
The primary purpose of assessment is to improve student learning. Assessment data of student learning over a marking period or even half a year can provide substantive feedback on students' cumulative mastery of material. It provides a broader and richer sampling of the teacher's impact on students and permits the identification of specific patterns in the learning of content and skills that were taught.
Books At CETL. Check out these and other books in our collection in D Elliott Hall. Browse the full CETL library. Angelo, T. & Cross, P. Classroom Assessment Techniques. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Arter, J. & McTighe, J. Scoring Rubrics in the Classroom: Using Performance Criteria for Assessing and Improving Student. one of the most significant influences on a student’s experience of higher education and improving assessment has a huge impact on the quality of learning (Liu, N.
and Carless, D, ). Ideally we want to enhance student’s capacity. Turnitin solutions promote academic integrity, streamline grading and feedback, deter plagiarism, and improve student outcomes. - Assess the student's comprehension after he/she has read the text by asking meaningful questions.
Questions may include retelling events from the story and making inferences and connections. - Allow the student to read without interruptions.
This will provide you with an accurate assessment. ASSESSING reading fluency & expression Teachers can assess reading fluency by listening to students read brief grade level passages.
As you listen to students read consider the following: Does the student’s reading sound natural and smooth with pauses in the right places (as if. Written for students and professionals with little or no clinical experience, the book focuses primarily on measuring and improving the operational and patient service aspects of healthcare delivery.
Real-world case studies and examples provide an applied learning approach that helps readers understand how to measure, assess, and improve an.
Directions. Day 1. Step 1: Explain the concept of assessing and improving writing by studying what qualities make for quality each trait on board or overhead and gather student responses about what would be a part of each trait (Ideas, Organization, Voice, Word Choice, Sentence Fluency, Conventions, and Presentation).
This book contains 40 papers from an international symposium on improving the quality of higher education teaching and learning. Part 1 contains three papers on using research to improve student learning covering some Canadian projects, the use of research on student learning, and ways to evaluate and improve learning.
Part 2 contains 10 papers on using assessment to improve student Cited by: Strengthen education leadership to improve student achievement Improve after-school learning opportunities organization and improvement, with a recent emphasis on teachers’ work and creating more democratic school environments.
Her books include Improving the Urban High School: What Works and Why (with Matthew B. Miles), Leadership. Drawn from six years of research, this article describes the Higher Learning Commission’s assessment matrix, provides examples of helpful strategies that institutions have employed to deal with commonly encountered challenges to progress in implementing useful assessment programs, and includes definitions and examples of indirect and direct measures of student by: Improving the Assessment of Student Learning in the Arts – practices being used to assess student learning, and needs of the field to improve arts assessment.
Through this study – the first of its kind – the NEA and WestEd sought to collect, analyze, and Needs of the field to improve the assessment of student learning in the Size: 2MB.
A book that discusses conceptual and pragmatic pdf in the assessment of statistical knowledge and reasoning skills among students at the college and precollege (K12) levels, and the use of assessments to improve instruction. more>> Assessment - Classroom Compass.the approach to assessing student learning, and classroom management practices.
of assessing how well course preparation and organization help students achieve these outcomes. > Evaluating and Improving Your Teaching. Published April 1, Tracing Faculty Development to Student Learning.
First, a ebook of background. FromWashington State received funding to train instructors -- both on and off the tenure track, as well graduate students -- in redesigning courses to improve students' critical-thinking skills. | https://cacoxecekol.allesfuersjagen.com/assessing-and-improving-student-organizations-book-21248ac.php |
Mental health initial assessment template doc. Assessment, including multiple-choice, reasoning, memory, and focus tests, is among the most frequent methods teachers assess student performance in the classroom. While teachers can use unique sorts of assessments to evaluate students, the four most commonly used types are emotional test, academic tests, parental-order-of-asks, and teacher score. Psychological evaluation is the structured process of using empirical details concerning the individual, specific knowledge, abilities, beliefs, and behaviors to revise and improve student learning. Academic testing, in contrast, is primarily utilized to provide comments on a student’s prior academic performance and to diagnose problems in a particular field of research. Parental-order-of-asks (POAs) assesses just how much parents know about a student’s behavior, helping teachers to construct a foundation for improved comprehension and motivation.
It’s essential for instructors to know their assessment procedures and the procedures that go behind them. The fundamental elements of assessment are individual and group variables, that come into play throughout assessment. A few of these include the kinds of pupils being evaluated, identification of learning goals, evaluation tools as well as the processes of appraisal. Some schools use a combined approach by analyzing academic and non-academic aspects of student performance. These kinds of evaluations also involve teachers and parents as partners in the procedure.
Most colleges follow an appraisal procedure that entails the processes of organizing, planning, delivering, assessing, and adjusting coursework and instruction. The shipping phase of the learning assessment is composed of education planning, teaching tasks, and evaluations of educational plans. During the evaluation phase, parents and teachers work together with the student, seeking to create individualized instruction plans. The evolution of individualized instruction plans depends on the specific nature of the assignment, the complexity of the endeavor, the student’s performance in the prior evaluation, feedback from other pupils, and teacher ideas. For some assignments, individual and group evaluations could be conducted.
A free assessment template is essentially a process that each company uses for making their daily operations stay until the mark. Typically assessment is a continuous process but it may be carried out once in a while in certain businesses. It’s essential for any business, as it is the driving force which would drive change and improvement in all departments. It aids in identifying the defects in the processes and systems and lays the basis for enhancing them. Thus, if you are thinking about finding a free evaluation template then the best thing you can do is simply log on the net and check out all the different template choices available.
The picture above posted by admin from June, 23 2021. This awesome gallery listed under Assessment Templates category. I hope you’ll enjoy it. If you want to download the picture to your drive in best quality, the simplest way is by right click on the picture and choose “Save As” or you can download it by clicking on the share button (Twitter, Facebook or Google+) to show the download button right below the image. | http://kelitbanganwonogiri.org/post/mental-health-initial-assessment-template-doc/ |
BEIJING — U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton's trip to Asia includes a visit to Beijing this week, where she will meet with Chinese leaders and try to tackle a broad range of issues. The trip comes as tensions are rising in the region over territorial disputes and as concerns grow in China about U.S. efforts to put more emphasis on ties with Asia.
The last time Secretary Clinton was in Beijing, the United States and China were struggling to juggle expansive talks over economic and security ties, while negotiating the fate of blind activist Chen Guangcheng.
This trip will not be as challenging, political analysts say, but given the timing and the recent escalation of disputes, it is not likely to be a routine stopover.
“I don’t think this is a routine visit, I think it is most likely related to the rising tensions between China and Japan and also probably the tensions that calmed down a little bit [recently] between China and the Philippines in the South China Sea,” said Xie Tao, professor at Beijing Foreign Studies University.
The United States is working with the Association of Southeast Asian Nations to try and help members come to grips with China’s rising influence in the region and with what some call its growing assertiveness.
China prefers to handle its disputes with countries one on one and many here see U.S. efforts to shift more attention back to the regional grouping as an attempt to contain China.
"We want to see China act in a fair and transparent way. We want to see them play a positive role in navigation and maritime security issues. We want to see them contribute to sustainable development for the people of the Pacific, to protect the precious environment, including the oceans," stated Clinton.
China says it is not looking to compete for influence and notes that it wants to promote development as well.
However, Xie Tao notes that when disputes such as the recent tensions over the Senkaku islands - or Diaoyudao as they are called in China - flare, it is difficult for Chinese leaders to take a soft approach. “We are in a very sensitive political period you know with this leadership transition and there are very strong incentives for the Chinese leadership to play tough and to play up this nationalist sentiment,” added Xie.
In addition to territorial tensions, Clinton is also expected to discuss the ongoing crisis in Syria, as well as the nuclear programs of Iran and North Korea while she is in Beijing.
Clinton visits China Tuesday and Wednesday, and after that travels on to Timor-Leste and Brunei, before making a final stop in Russia to attend the APEC Economic Leaders Meeting. | https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/news/2012/09/mil-120903-voa01.htm |
While the major headlines of the last week were about the U.S. elections, China had its share of election coverage, too, in light of its leadership transition that began with the Party Congress on Nov. 8. Because Europeans — indeed, most of the world — sees China as a giant whose behavior is well calculated, with expected returns in centuries and not years, it seemed obvious to everyone that the transition meant no change.
In truth, it is not a change of leadership that affects how things go with foreign or domestic policy. However, there are other forces that speak about change, even when it comes to China. Sweeping the news, my attention was caught by a Reuters report saying that China’s sovereign wealth fund will focus more on Asia and less on Western markets, citing the inability to persuade investors that a recovery plan is firmly in place as a key reason for the China Investment Corporation to underwrite European bonds and equities.
Moreover, CIC chairman and chief executive Lou Jiwei said, “We would not buy peripheral country bonds because they do not fit our risk/return profile.” “Most importantly, the risk and returns of these bonds are determined by politics and it is very hard for us to make a judgment (on them),” he added. That reminded me of George Friedman’s argument on the new reality of financial markets.
In the same report, Lou Jiwei also mentions the preference toward the United Kingdom, where, on Nov. 1, the CIC made its latest strategic investment: buying into Heathrow airport. Recent research by PWC shows that throughout 2012 China increased the pace of investment in Europe. It appears that for the first time in a decade, Chinese investment in the EU surpassed European investment in China, with 32 investments from China’s mainland and just 26 deals made by European companies in China in the first quarter of 2012. According to the PWC report, Germany has been the preferred destination for Chinese investment over the past 15 months — France was China’s preference in 2011.
We’ve also seen China developing an increased interest in regions like Central Europe and in Portugal, Spain, and Greece since the debt crisis hit the old continent. For example, Bank of China launched operations in Warsaw on June 6. Its aim is to support Chinese investments in Poland in infrastructure, energy and new technology as well as to facilitate Chinese business in Central and Eastern Europe. While most moves in Europe made by China are focusing on taking advantage of the debt crisis to build on the Chinese economic presence and taking some strategic assets at cheap prices, Poland is especially strategic because it is the economic leader of the region and tightly linked into the supply chains of Western companies.
Through investment, China looks to avoid greater exposure to the debt crisis that risks significant losses and to indirectly assist the debt-strained state thereby adding its presence. China has a direct interest in a European recovery, considering that the EU has been China’s largest trade partner. Within the EU, it is Germany that has profited the most from the Chinese consumption market. The others have seen their trade deficit increasing during the last decade.
With the crisis, the pressure has increased on EU governments to protect domestic industries and to help find export markets — the relationship between the EU and China intensified accordingly. The accusations of China dumping goods in Europe likewise intensified, leading to more trade disputes between the European Union and China.
The EU crisis has negatively impacted Chinese exports over the past few years, which has brought to the fore structural problems in the Chinese economy. As Stratfor’s senior East Asia analyst Rodger Baker says, “I think it doesn’t matter whether Hu stayed or whether Xi Jinping came in, the Chinese are facing some serious problems in their economic model. They’re really reaching the end of this economic cycle that they’ve been in and it’s not easy for them to shift to an interior-focused, domestic consumption model.” Economic policies have been held hostage by fears of social unrest and by resistance from regional and local interests. The Chinese government believes maintaining the flow of money and technology from the export sector to fund the development in newly urbanized and rural areas is a must.
As Stratfor’s analysis about the challenges of the new Chinese leaders says: “The Fifth Generation leaders inherit a country whose problems, while qualitatively similar to those faced by their predecessors, are — like the economy itself — of a vastly different scale. In 2002, corruption, graft, inefficiency and inequality were pervasive. But they were manageable so long as the fundamentals of China’s economy — and its role as unobtrusive supplier of low-cost goods to the world — remained intact. […] In 2002, with the world’s attention settled on the Middle East, China’s naval modernization and moves in the South and East China seas drew minimal attention at best. By contrast, Xi Jinping, Li Keqiang and the incoming Politburo Standing Committee face not only a slowing economy but also the end of an economic cycle built on low-cost, export-oriented coastal manufacturing. At home, they will be challenged by new levels of social unrest both in the Han core and in China’s peripheral buffer regions, while abroad they must navigate rising tensions over territorial disputes and resource acquisition.” (see a good video on China’s political system and challenges ahead with my colleague Jennifer Richmond)
Leaving aside development in the South China Sea and the East China Sea — they also threaten regional and global stability — and looking specifically to the relationship between China and the European Union, it seems to me that the tensions will increase. The long term question is less related to trade fights between the two and more related to China’s future, its reforms and the way these will impact the EU economies.
China-EU Trade facts (source: Eurostat):
- In 2001 China accounted for only 3.5% of global imports. By 2011 it accounted for around 12%. This shows how important China has become as an export market also for Europe.
- On the other China has profited largely from the European consumer base. For the whole EU the trade deficit with China over the past decade increased from around 50 billion euro to 156 billion euro in 2011. The countries with the highest trade deficit are the Netherlands, UK, Italy, Spain and France. Only Germany and Finland had positive trade balances with China in 2011.
- Germany’s performance is remarkable. Until 2007 the trade deficit increased to nearly 19 billion. Since then however the trade deficit has decreased drastically and in 2011 Germany recorded a slight trade surplus of 350 million euro with China. | https://antoniacolibasanu.blogactiv.eu/2012/11/13/beijings-leadership-transition-and-the-eu/ |
BEIJING - As with all important occasions, it does not matter so much who was there, but who was missing. On December 28, among thousands of North Korean mourners parading past the body of the deceased Dear Leader Kim Jong-il to bid a final farewell, what stood out was the absence of top dignitaries from neighboring countries and those concerned about the future of Pyongyang.
Significantly, in the same hours, on Christmas Day and Boxing Day in Beijing, China and Japan, North Korea's two most important neighbors, signed an important monetary agreement.
Japanese Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda and his Chinese counterpart Wen Jiabao along with Chinese President Hu Jintao put aside their bitter disputes over the maritime border of the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands and the surrounding gas fields, and they launched a major monetary framework agreement.
The two countries clinched a deal for direct exchange of Chinese yuan against the Japanese yen. The yuan is not fully convertible, and previously trade took place through US dollars. Furthermore, the two countries have agreed to let their currencies appreciate against the dollar and the euro. Finally, Japan has indicated its willingness to buy Chinese debt, even if Beijing does not need to unload it.
All these elements are extremely important in the short term and long term. In the short term, appreciation of the currencies of the second- and third-largest economies in the world (China and Japan) means that efforts by the two countries to help America and Europe will now be easier. Exports from China and Japan to the United States and Europe will be more expensive and this should in turn push United States domestic industry.
Compensating for the damage to the two countries' exports, which had previously offered an excellent value for the money, the shift should help with imports of foreign products into the two countries and to boost domestic demand.
In the longer term, the agreement reinforces the international role of the yuan and it can be a very important step toward the free exchange of Chinese currency.
China already has currency-swap agreements with a dozen countries, but Japan is its second-largest trading partner, so the overall impact of this agreement is much more important. At this point, only an exchange agreement with the euro area is missing to affirm the new global position of the yuan.
This can mean a step backward for the role of the dollar in the global economy. But Washington has been pressing for the revaluation of the yuan, and that would not happen without lifting the yuan profile. In any case the yuan fluctuates with a crawling peg with the US dollar, so it is still firmly linked with the American currency.
There is, however, a political aspect to this economic story. The agreement could closely bind the destinies of China and Japan to each other, despite the tensions that have accumulated in recent months. Indeed, the bilateral summit had been postponed. It was originally planned for December 12-13 and it could have revolved on unimportant issues.
The death of Kim Jong-il seems to have been the catalyst for improving the bilateral relationship. For parallel reasons, China and Japan are both worried that chaos could develop in the region following the death of Kim.
Both countries are frightened by the prospect of an out-of-control North Korea that pulls the area into a black hole of tension. But they are also worried about the prospect of a reunified Korea, which could become very nationalistic and rekindle political and territorial disputes with China and Japan, both home to significant a Korean minority.
China seemed able to manage so far smoothly the Kim's power transition, as in the same hours Kim Jong-il was declared dead, Pyongyang announced finally it would give up its uranium nuclear program, something that for years had been the stumbling block in the progress of peace talks on the Korean peninsula. The double announcement, on Kim's demise and on the uranium program, appears to have been managed with Beijing's help.
The economic agreement can then become, as often happens with strategies in this part of the world, a platform for political convergence to address tensions related to the new situation in the Korean peninsula. A reconciliation of the two countries in practice means finding a way to follow and also hopefully guide the otherwise potentially dangerous developments on the Korean Peninsula.
Here both are operating under the watchful eye of the American diplomacy, which in very prickly and dangerous North Korea it has arguably scored its biggest success in the past decade. Tension there has been contained, Pyongyang's regional influence has been reduced, and although there has been no final solution for North Korea there have been no major explosions of tensions, fallout or spread of negative results, as happened because of poor policy choices in Iraq and Afghanistan.
It could be that in the future, a new regional order could be built around North Korea and China could find in Japan and America important political and strategic partners. This could go hand in hand with developments in Taiwan, the island de facto independent formally part of one China, where America in the past decade has been careful to curb pulls for unilateral declaration of independence that would irritate Beijing.
In more than a way the present success of the Chinese policy on Taiwan (see Hu Jintao the real Taiwan election victor (http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China/ML21Ad02.html) Asia Times Online, December 21, 2011) has been riding on US cooperation on restraining independence movements irksome to the Chinese leadership.
With North Korea and Taiwan the US could be seeking a new path of collaboration with China and excluding a strategy of encirclement rising from the recent tensions in the South China Sea and the eastern sea borders with Japan and South Korea. | http://www.sisci.com/ReadNews.asp?NewsID=13730 |
World military expenditure in 2013 is estimated to have been $1747 billion, representing 2.4 per cent of global gross domestic product or $248 for each person alive today. The total is about 1.9 per cent lower in real terms than in 2012.
The pattern of increases and decreases in military spending in 2012 continued in 2013, with falls in Western countries (North America, Western and Central Europe, and Oceania) and increases in the rest of the world. There were particularly large increases in Africa and the Middle East, while the impact of austerity policies continued to be felt in Europe. The United States remained the largest military spender in 2013, followed at some distance by China and Russia.
World military expenditure now appears to be following two divergent trends: a falling trend in the West, driven by austerity, efforts to control budget deficits and the winding up of long wars; and increasing trends in the rest of the world, due to a combination of economic growth, security concerns, geopolitical ambitions and, frequently, internal political factors. While the first may play itself out in the coming few years, leading to stable spending or renewed increases, the second shows no sign of abating.
US military spending continued to fall due both to the final withdrawal of US forces from Iraq at the end of 2011 and to the impact of the 2011 Budget Control Act on the ‘base’ defence budget. While budgetary gridlock continued during most of 2013, including a brief government shutdown, a congressional deal at the end of the year finally allowed a full budget to be passed, including a defence budget for 2014. While the agreed 2014 budget will mitigate the impact of the Budget Control Act, total US military spending will still fall with the coming withdrawal from Afghanistan.
The United Nations Report on Military Expenditures remains an important source for official data on military expenditure. However, the response rate of UN member states to the annual request to submit data continued to decline in 2013.
The political sensitivity of military expenditure may be a primary reason for not reporting in some cases, but many of them make their military budgets available online to the general public. Equally, the fact that many countries have responded at least once suggests that they have the capacity to report but lack the political commitment to respond consistently.
China’s military spending has led a strong rise in total military spending in the Asia–Pacific region for some time. In recent years this has been accompanied by increasing tensions due to territorial disputes in the South and East China seas. At the same time, the US ‘pivot’ to Asia has drawn attention to the region’s strategic importance, while China’s rise continues to reshape the security environment. Although concerns over China’s rise are a key driver of military spending for some countries with which China has maritime territorial disputes, maritime issues remain a key factor for other countries that enjoy better relations with China.
Declining military spending in the USA and Western Europe was reflected in a decline in the military-related sales of the Top 100 arms-producing and military services companies worldwide, excluding China, which fell by 4 per cent in 2012. However, there was a sharp increase in the arms sales of Russian companies, again reflecting the major rearmament programme being pursued by Russia.
There were substantial increases by the largest companies in a number of other ‘emerging’ producers, such as Brazil, South Korea and Turkey. Overall, the pattern of recent years shows a gradual diffusion of the arms industry, with the traditional producers in the USA and Western Europe responsible for a slowly shrinking share of the Top 100 arms sales and the share of new players growing. However, the traditional producers remain overwhelmingly dominant. | https://www.sipri.org/yearbook/2014/04 |
TOKYO—The 40th Association of Southeast Asian Nations-Japan Commemorative Summit opened here Saturday morning with President Benigno Aquino III, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and other heads of Asean in attendance at the Akasaka State House.
The summit, which marks 40 years of relations between Japan and Asean, will allow heads of state and government in the Asean region to discuss with Japan issues of regional implications, including the simmering tensions brought about by territorial disputes with China in the South China Sea, East Sea and East China Sea.
Due to the political crisis gripping her government, Thai Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra sent instead a deputy minister to represent her at the summit.
During the opening session, where leaders delivered their respective country statements, Mr. Aquino thanked Japan and Asean for extending help in the aftermath of super typhoon Yolanda that ravaged the central Philippines on Nov. 8.
The President told his fellow leaders that “global climate change is a reality” and exhorted them to enhance efforts at combating climate change, explaining that he himself saw when he visited Tacloban City and other places in the wake of the super typhoon.
“Climate change doesn’t discriminate between powerhouses and industrialized states,” he said.
He called for the building of “more resilient communities” and the putting in place of other measures to address global warming.
The President’s push for stronger action on climate change and disaster risk reduction efforts was well-received by Asean leaders, with Vietnam Prime Minister Nguyen Tan Dung echoing this in his own statement.
The President also took the opportunity to discuss the Philippines’ maritime row with China even as other Asean leaders talked about drafting, toward the end of the summit, a document that would embody the collective sentiment of the region in the face of rising tensions due to the territorial disputes.
“The Philipines therefore is encouraged by the fact that the Asean-Japan vision statement, which we will be adopting at the summit, reflects our collective commitment to pursuing a more holistic strategy in guaranteeing the welfare and safety of all our peoples in safeguarding our shared interests,” said Mr. Aquino.
He said that the Philippines was pursuing a “two-track approach” in resolving disputes with China over waters and islands in the West Philippine Sea, the name the Philippines uses to refer to that part of the South China Sea, that is within its so-called exclusive economic zone.
“This approach is both peaceful and rules-based. To manage tensions, we are advocating the conclusion of a legally binding code of conduct as soon as possible,” he said.
The President also raised the issue of the establishment by China of on air defense identification zone (ADIZ) which, he said, had ramifications on international civil aviation safety and security.
“The Philippine call for the peace and stability in the region is amplified by a recent development in the East China Sea on the establishment of an ADIZ, which raises concern on international civil aviation safety and security,” he said.
“As we move to deepen our partnership, we must never forget that we can only maximize our opportunities for growth in a wider regional, international community in which all nations adhere to the rule of law and work to promote peace and stability,” he said.
“It is therefore incumbent upon all of us to remain committed to the principles of international law and to continue to engage each other in a positive and productive manner as we tread the straight path to mutual prosperity and advancement in Asia Pacific,” he said. | https://globalnation.inquirer.net/94085/asean-japan-summit-gets-under-way-in-tokyo |
There are signs of intensifying and escalating conflict in the Caucasus. Recent statements by Chechen leader Ramzan Kadyrov have spotlighted a potential fissure inside the Russian government that pits Kadyrov against Russian federal security elements in the North Caucasus. As the bellicosity is ratcheted upward, questions mount as to what exactly underpins the ongoing power struggle between the Chechen leader and the security services headquartered in Moscow.
Meanwhile, the curiosities continue in the South Caucasus as well. The integration treaties that Moscow has signed with Georgian breakaway territories Abkhazia and South Ossetia have altered the power dynamic in the past 12 months. Tension inside the Georgian government has been exacerbated by provocative Russian military exercises in neighboring Armenia.
The exercises outlined in the article below (ongoing in Russia) are somewhat reminiscent of those that took place prior to the Russian invasion of Georgia in 2008. Both Abkhaz and South Ossetian military officers partnered with the Russians during the 2008 exercises, which were called ‘Caucasus 2008’. Make particular note of the trucks: The invasion in 2008 occurred through the Roki Tunnel, via ground transport. In fact, former President Mikheil Saakhashvili claims that intercepted communications the night before reflected staging operations by the Russian military on the other side of the Roki Tunnel in North Ossetia. The attack that commenced was based partly on those supposed communications intercepts. The operations going on now include ‘intensive truck drivers’ exercises.’ Armen Grigoryan recently identified and examined the specific focus on the ongoing military exercises in an article for The Jamestown Foundation:
Indeed, Russian troops stationed in Armenia have been involved in a wide series of military exercises in recent weeks. In February, Southern MD intelligence divisions started month-long exercises aiming to practice operations in mountainous areas located more than 2,000 meters above sea level (RIA Novosti, February 5). These training drills were followed by intensive military truck drivers’ exercises, including 300-kilometer rides along mountainous terrain (RIA Novosti, March 5), engineer corps exercises (Gazeta.ru, March 10), MiG-29 flight exercises (Regnum.ru, March 13), drills involving a second military intelligence group (Gazeta.ru, March 17), as well as artillery training, including BM-21 Grad multiple rocket launchers (RIA Novosti, March 18). It is worth pointing out that, compared to the 300-kilometer training rides practiced by Russian soldiers, the distance from the Russian military base in Gyumri to Georgia’s border—not to mention the distance from South Ossetia to Tbilisi—is less than 50 kilometers. (Armen Grigoryan, The Jamestown Foundation, April 2)
Georgia: To Russia or Europe?
The recent split between the president and prime minister of Georgia, the former leaning towards NATO and the latter accused of accommodating Moscow’s demands, reflects a significant fracture line inside the Tbilisi government. Russian strategists could see this as a good opportunity to exacerbate the differences, collapse the government, catalyze political unrest (splitting the government), and inspire turmoil in the population.
The establishment of the anticipated NATO training center is likely the red line for the Kremlin in regards to its security policies in the South Caucasus. For many reasons related to national security policy, Russian strategists have crafted an overarching policy structure that relies heavily on the fomentation of conflicts along its periphery. These ongoing conflicts ostensibly prevent countries such as Ukraine, Moldova, and Georgia from acceding to NATO and, as such, ensure that any perceived encroachment by Western powers along its eastern and southeastern borders is impeded.
Planned for establishment at the Vaziani military base, the NATO training center is a significant step in Georgia’s anticipated path toward NATO membership. The announcement of the facility has once again roiled strategists and officials in Moscow, signifying in the larger sense an intensification of the conflict between Russia and the West. Given the likelihood of continued violence in Ukraine and Russia’s ongoing refusal to acknowledge its part in the rebellion, Russia might assess the period prior to the opening of the training center in Vaziani as its last real opportunity to impede Georgia’s accession to the Atlantic Alliance.
In fomenting conflict in the breakaways, disturbing the border and territorial integrity of Georgia, or simply annexing one or both of the breakaways, Russia would succeed in once again inhibiting Georgian accession to NATO, as it did with its 2008 invasion. To accomplish the goal of once again setting back Georgia’s membership in the alliance, Russia could hypothetically annex South Ossetia (and possibly Abkhazia, though less likely), instigate another violent conflict between Tskhinvali and Tbilisi, or once again invade Georgia itself. An invasion of the South Caucasus country would theoretically accomplish two things:
- Create an unstable internal security environment.
- Exacerbate the territorial conflict(s) and border disputes.
All three courses of action would catalyze more conflict in Georgia. This is an important aspect of Russian strategy with regard to the South Caucasus; Moscow has been rigid in its opposition to any further enlargement of the Atlantic Alliance toward its borders, especially in Georgia. Unresolved conflicts and border disputes represent significant impediments for any prospective NATO member. The Membership Action Plan (MAP) is considered the unofficial pathway to NATO membership. It is essentially an advisory path. A Russian invasion would effectively reopen the healing wound and tear apart the scar, barring NATO from integrating Georgia. The only way forward in that regard for Georgia to accede to NATO would be to essentially agree to give up all claims to both breakaways and claim territorial continuity.
In Eastern Europe, Moldova is working to modernize its military to meet NATO MAP requirements as well. Georgia tried the military modernization and accession to NATO approach once, and they had a fireworks display in August 2008.
So what comes next? The possibilities include several courses of action, all of which appear to include military force and/or the fomenting of insurrection. One way in which Russia could stir up problems for Europe and the United states is through information operations (IO). South Ossetian secessionist sentiment runs high. It would be rather easy for the Kremlin to inspire both the governing authority in Tskhinvali and the population itself to move toward full secession from Tbilisi and accession to the Russian Federation. Simultaneously, IO targeting Transnistria could reinvigorate the dormant separatist campaign there and galvanize an insurrection.
Putin would probably conduct similar actions in Gagauzia as well. When it appears that the base in Vaziani will be on the road to becoming operational, any number of overt or covert Russian military and intelligence operations could commence. South Ossetia could be outright annexed and Transnistria could vote for secession. Or Moscow could increase its military forces inside Transnistria as a signal, then have votes in Transnistria and Gagauzia for more autonomy or secession. This could be done in conjunction with Russian action in the Caucasus or to augment it.
There are many signs pointing toward an intensification of conflict in Georgia, Moldova, and elsewhere in the post-Soviet space. The next few months will be an interesting sign of things to come, in the Caucasus, especially. | https://sofrep.com/news/tensions-mount-in-the-caucasus/ |
Dublin (CNN)Planned Russian naval exercises within Ireland's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) are "not welcome" or "wanted right now," Ireland's Foreign Affairs Minister has said, as tensions between Russia and the West continue to simmer over fears that Moscow is planning an invasion of Ukraine.
Russian naval exercises are due to take place in early February, approximately 240 kilometers (149 miles) off Ireland's southwest coast, Simon Coveney said in a statement late Sunday. The area is in Ireland's EEZ but not its territorial waters.
Under international law, states are entitled to carry out naval exercises in another state's EEZ, Coveney said. He said the Irish Aviation Authority had been informed of the exercise via standard procedures.
"In light of the current political and security environment in Europe, the Department of Foreign Affairs has raised a number of concerns with the Russian authorities in respect of these exercises," Coveney added.
Tensions between Ukraine and Russia are at their highest in years, with a Russian troop buildup near the border spurring fears Moscow could soon launch an invasion. The Kremlin has denied it is planning to attack, arguing NATO support for Ukraine constitutes a growing threat on Russia's western flank.
NATO allies are putting forces on standby and sending additional ships and fighter jets to eastern Europe, the organization said Monday. Meanwhile, the US State Department announced Sunday evening it would reduce staff levels at the US Embassy in Kyiv, Ukraine, beginning with the departure of nonessential staff and family members.
On his way into the Foreign Affairs Council meeting in Brussels on Monday, Coveney told reporters that he will brief his EU counterparts on Russia's plans to conduct the naval exercises.
Although the area is part of Ireland's EEZ, it is in international waters, meaning Ireland doesn't "have a power to prevent this happening," the Foreign Minister remarked.
"I've made it clear to the Russian ambassador in Ireland that it's not welcome. This isn't the time to increase military activity and tension in the context of what's happening with and in Ukraine at the moment," Coveney emphasized.
"The fact that they're choosing to do it on the western borders, if you like, off the EU, off the Irish coast, is something that, in our view is simply not welcome and not wanted right now, particularly in the coming weeks," he said.
EU foreign ministers want to send a clear message to Russia that if it decides to invade Ukraine it will be hit by the "most comprehensive" package of sanctions and restrictions ever prepared by the EU, Coveney said.
US officials have said a Russian invasion of Ukraine could happen at any point in the next month or two.
The UK foreign office said in a statement on Saturday that it has information the Russian government is planning to "install a pro-Russian leader in Kyiv as it considers whether to invade and occupy Ukraine."
James Frater reported from London, Niamh Kennedy reported from Dublin. | https://uniquethis.com/news-view/119215/66913/russian-naval-exercises-off-ireland-s-coast-not-welcome-says-foreign-minister |
Cape Town — The United States has issued a travel warning about crime and civil unrest in Zimbabwe.
The statement warns travellers to “exercise increased caution… due to crime and civil unrest”.
The warning says violent crime, such as assault, carjacking, and home invasion, is common.
“Smashing the windows of cars with the intent to steal, which can harm the driver or passengers, is also common. Local police lack the resources to respond effectively to serious criminal incidents.”
Americans are urged to carry a copy of their passport and visa, and to stay alert and “avoid openly displaying cash”.
The African News Agency, in an article carried on New Zimbabwe, writes that the warning comes as tensions mount in the face of fuel shortages, power cuts, the rising cost of living, runaway inflation and continued price hikes of basic commodities and increasing transport costs.
ADVERTISEMENT
Source link : https://allafrica.com/stories/201905160149.html
Author : | https://www.africa-news.info/news/zimbabwe/2019/05/16/zimbabwe-u-s-warns-travellers-to-exercise-increased-caution/ |
Although the struggles that created it erupted some years earlier, the war is conventionally held to have begun inwhen the future Holy Roman emperor Ferdinand IIin his role as king of Bohemiaattempted to impose Roman Catholic absolutism on his domains, and the Protestant nobles of both Bohemia and Austria rose up in rebellion.
Today it is estimated to be one of the lengthiest and most violent conflicts in European history. What originally commenced as a feud between the Protestant and the Catholic countries, within the area previously known as the Holy Roman Empire, gradually scaled out of all proportion, becoming a matter of life and death for all the European superpowers.
The France was pitted against the Habsburgs in a race for European hegemony, whereas the common folk were almost entirely engrossed in supporting one side or the other, religion being an important subject, discussed among all classes on a daily basis.
The onset of the war was marked by the newly elected Holy Roman Emperor, Ferdinand II imposing religious uniformity on all his lands. This meant that whatever their previous religion was, from now on all his subjects would have to convert to Roman Catholicism. Therefore, they conjoined starting the Protestant Union.
The act led to an atmosphere of religious-political unrest spreading throughout Europe and ultimately to the Protestant Bohemians, living on the territory known today as Czech Republic, rebelling against the Habsburgs. A series of conflicts followed. The Bohemian citizens wanted to get rid of the Habsburgs and they The history of the thirty years war and its importance so in electing Frederick V, Elector of Palatinate.
This, however, was an incendiary event for the southern Catholic states, which formed the Catholic League. The Battle of White Mountain ensued, where the Empire prevailed and the Palatinate armies were defeated. As a result, the Protestants just got more annoyed. Soon, Saxony joined the Protestant Union, with Sweden a military superpower of the era.
Sweden intervened inled by the prominent general Gustavus Adolphus.
This was the exact moment when a series of fights on religious grounds had turned into a full-scale war on the European continent. The Catholic Spain quickly rushed in to support its Habsburg ally, Austria, and to once and for all defeat the Dutch Protestant forces both in the Netherlands and in the Dutch Republic.
The answer to this move was most surprising, as the Catholic France unexpectedly joined the coalition on the Protestant side, transforming a conflict of faiths into a conflict of superpowers. It swept drastically through entire regions, leaving nothing but famine, disease and decimated local populations behind.
The latter was especially visible among the people of the German and Italian states, the Crown of Bohemia and the Low Countries. The war also became infamous for the actions of numerous mercenary armies, hired by the superpowers.
Looting and extorting tribute, as well as theft were commonplace, which meant that even remote civilian villages were dragged into the atrocities of the conflict. The peace of Augsburg was the starting point of the conflict. It confirmed the establishments of the Diet of Speyer and ended the religious war between the Lutherans and Catholics in Germany.
The highlight of the peace of Augsburg was ensuring that the rulers of the German states could choose wither Lutheranism or Catholicism and that their subjects would follow suit. Moreover, the document stated that the subjects should all lawfully follow the religion of their ruler, with no exceptions, according to the Latin rule: The Peace of Augsburg also extended its provisions to territorial cause.
It stated that the Lutherans could keep their territory, which they had previously confiscated from the Catholic Church via the provisions of the Peace of Passau in What is more, the prince-bishops who had switched sides to Lutheranism were ordered to give up their lands.
The Lutheran bishop-princes were then substituted by Catholic rulers, and had to renounce their entitlement to the land entirely.
However helpful, the Peace of Augsburg did not resolve the social tensions completely. The factor making it virtually impossible to lay the religious cause to rest was the fast spreading of a new religious doctrine throughout the German lands.
The doctrine was Calvinism. The Augsburg agreement did not recognize this new movement as a religion in its own right and this led to more military action, now with the Calvinist party fighting for their freedom against the Protestant and against the Catholic rule.
Spain wanted to adjoin the German states to its vast area consisting of some Italian states, Spanish Netherlands and other parts of the Empire.
At the same time, France was threatened because of its position between two Habsburg states — Spain and the Holy Roman Empire, and wanted to assert its stance as a superpower. Sweden and Denmark wanted to rule over the German Baltic Sea states. Contrary to what one may think, the Holy Roman Empire was not at all unified.
The whole country was composed of a multitude of small, autonomous states. The title of the Holy Roman Emperor was also mainly a representative title, as the Emperor had little to no business in imposing his strict jurisdiction on all the states.
Only the territories of the Archduchy of Austria, Kingdom of Bohemia and Kingdom of Hungary were ruled by the Emperor in a more direct manner. So, the Austrian domain was a military power in its own right, but it was also very divided.
The second part of the Habsburg house ruled over Spain and the Spanish empire, including the Netherlands, the southern part of Italy, the Philippines and a greater part of the two Americas. The real strength of the Holy Roman Empire was in its regional power states, such as those within the area of the present day Germany.
The most prominent states included: However powerful the small states might have been, however, they were rather incapable of establishing long-term diplomatic relations with the neighboring countries.Peace of Westphalia, European settlements of , which brought to an end the Eighty Years’ War between Spain and the Dutch and the German phase of the Thirty Years’ War.
The peace was negotiated, from , in the Westphalian towns of . Mar 23, · Best Answer: The Thirty Years' War ( - ), was fought throughout Europe, though focused primarily in what is now Germany. The origin of the conflict is thought to mostly be religious in nature, due to the friction between the Protestants and the Catholics at the time, though political disputes also had a lot to due with ashio-midori.com: Resolved.
To fully understand modern history, it is important to comprehend the full effects of the Thirty Years War. The end of the Thirty Years War produced a number of dramatic consequences and altered Western Europe in significant .
Mar 23, · Best Answer: The Thirty Years' War ( - ), was fought throughout Europe, though focused primarily in what is now Germany.
The origin of the conflict is thought to mostly be religious in nature, due to the friction between the Protestants and the Catholics at the time, though political disputes also had a lot to due with ashio-midori.com: Resolved.
Many international relations theorists date the contemporary system from , the year of the Treaty of Westphalia, ending the Thirty Years War. This treaty marks the end of rule by religious authority in Europe. The Westphalia area of north-western Germany gave its name to the treaty that ended the Thirty Years' War, one of the most destructive conflicts in the history of Europe. | https://jevunom.ashio-midori.com/the-history-of-the-thirty-years-war-and-its-importance-42732fz.html |
Kosovo-Serbia tensions flare; NATO peacekeepers tracking border protests
Tensions flared between Kosovo and Serbia on the weekend, raising concerns concerning the chance for fresh unrest in the Balkans at the same time when Western allies are centered on the war in Ukraine.
The NATO-led international peacekeeping force in Kosovo, referred to as KFOR, said in a statement it had been monitoring the problem in Kosovo closely and is ready to intervene if stability is jeopardized.
Ethnic Serbs in northern municipalities of Kosovo bordering Serbia blocked roads and skirmished with police on the eve of the implementation of a law requiring them to displace their license plates with Kosovo plates.
The brand new rules have been due to enter into effect Monday and could have required Serbian ID and passports holders to acquire a supplementary document to enter Kosovo, as has already been the case for Kosovars entering Serbia.
Josep Borrell, the European Unions top diplomat, welcomed a choice by Kosovo to delay the measures until Sept. 1 and needed all roadblocks to be removed immediately. In a statement posted on Twitter, the E.U. special envoy, Miroslav Lajcak, expressed gratitude to the U.S. ambassador to Kosovo, Jeffrey M. Hovenier, for strong support.
No-one was injured in Sundays protests, Kosovo police said, even while gunshots were heard in several locations, many of them fond of police units. The protesters parked trucks along with other heavy machinery on roads resulting in two border crossings.
Russias invasion of Ukraine has stirred wider tensions in your community. Analysts say the nationalist and revisionist worldview of Russia has found a receptive audience in your community, specifically in President Aleksandar Vucic of Serbia, Bosnian Serb political leader Milorad Dodik and Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban.
Serbia, a normal Russian ally, has rejected calls from the E.U. and america to become listed on in sanctions against Moscow. Russia alongside China still will not recognize Kosovos independence and decried NATOs war against its ally. The Western military alliance launched a bombing campaign in 1999 that hit targets across that which was then your combined Serbia and Montenegro in a bid to prevent Serbias onslaught against ethnic Kosovar Albanians fighting for autonomy.
Maria Zakharova, a spokeswoman for Russias Foreign Ministry, accused Kosovo on Sunday of utilizing the new licensing laws and ID documents as a step toward ousting the Serbian population.
We ask Pristina and america and europe backing it to avoid provocation and take notice of the Serbs rights in Kosovo, she said, based on the Russian news agency Tass, describing certain requirements as discriminatory.
Should they dare to persecute and mistreat and kill Serbs, Serbia will win, Vucic said in a news conference Sunday. Kosovos prime minister, Albin Kurti, has accused Vucic of instigating the violence.
Ishaan Tharoor contributed to the report. | https://social.tucson.com/kosovo-serbia-tensions-flare-nato-peacekeepers-tracking-border-protests/ |
The Future of Global Trade
What does the future hold for global trade? There is no shortage of challenges on the horizon: Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. Rising tensions between the United States and China. Enduring trade disputes and disguised protectionism. Faced with these challenges, what is the outlook for trade in the United States, Asia, and Europe? What kind of US trade agenda is politically feasible? And what role will the World Trade Organization play going forward?
Our distinguished panel of experts addressed these issues and more.
Dr. John Hamre, President, CEO, & Langone Chair in American Leadership, Center for Strategic and International Studies
Agenda
Welcome
Opening Remarks:
Hank Paulson, Chairman and Founder, Paulson Institute; former Secretary of the Treasury
Senator Chris Coons (D-DE)
Senator Dan Sullivan (R-AK)
Discussion moderated by Hank Paulson
Panelists: | https://www.paulsoninstitute.org/video/the-future-of-global-trade/ |
The EU-Foreign Officer Josep Borrell penetrates an inclusion of the EU in consultations on Ukraine conflict. "There is no security in Europe without the security of Ukraine," said Borrell on Wednesday during a visit to Kiev. For any conversation, both Ukraine and the EU would have to be involved. The government in Kiev he secured the "full support" of the EU. © STR The EU External Officer Josep Borrell once again demanded the inclusion of the EU in consultations about Ukraine conflict.
talks continually mounted in Ukrainecrisis - tensions constantly mounted in Ukraine
American Secretary Antony Blinken warned this Sunday Russia of a risk of "confrontation" before the beginning of under high talks Voltage in Geneva on the situation in Ukraine .
Video: Ukraine: Vladimir Putin Satisfied with a "positive" American reaction to the Russian proposals (Figaro)
"There is a path of dialogue and diplomacy to try to solve some of These disputes and avoid confrontation, "said Anthony Blinken on CNN.
OTTAWA — Russia may face further Western sanctions as a consequence of its military buildup on the Ukrainian border, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said Wednesday. And Trudeau appeared to confirm that Canada will renew its modest commitment of 200 Canadian Forces personnel to a military training mission in Ukraine, amid rising tensions between the West and Russia. The Ukrainian government has been waiting on Canada to publicly renew the commitment, set to expire at the end of March, as part of show of NATO solidarity toward Russia at a time of rising tensions.
"The other way is that of the confrontation and mass consequences for Russia if it renews its aggression of Ukraine. We are about to see which way President Putin is ready to borrow, "he said.Mondeukraine: Moscow excludes all "concession" during the talks with Washington Mondeconflit in Ukraine: Joe Biden ensures Kiev that the United States "will respond energetically" to a Russian invasion
Petro Porochenko, former President of Ukraine, held in freedom .
© Genya Savilov / AFP Politics, Russia, Ukraine, Justice, U Decision welcomed with great applause. Petro Porochenko, former president of the Ukraine and opponent accused of high betrayal, obtained his holding freedom, Wednesday, January 19, from Ukrainian justice. However, he had to make his passports and prohibited the country. The decision was announced by Judge Oleksi Sokolov. | https://pressreview24.com/ca/news/weekendreads/-483244-conflict-in-ukraine-the-united-states-warns-russia-of-a-risk-of-confrontation-before-the-start-of-the.html |
WASHINGTON — The rising influence of China has longtime American allies South Korea, Japan and the Philippines on alert. U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry visited the Philippines to strengthen ties in the region and visit the disaster-hit regions of the southeast Asian ally.
Reuters reported that Kerry tried to downplay rising tensions between the U.S., her allies like Japan against China, which has been aggressively asserting itself in recent years over territorial claims.
He called for more peaceful efforts and talks between China and their East Asian neighbors, although China has not backed down from their aggressive rhetoric. He spoke of arbitration to resolve such disputes, and indicated that the U.S. will speak out if China continues to aggressive take unilateral actions in the region.
Kerry said, “We don’t view the situation as one of rising tensions and we don’t want rising tensions,” Kerry told reporters, “What we are involved in are normal processes by which we work with other countries in order to raise their maritime protection capacity.”
He went on to say, “We are not approaching this with any particular view towards China except to say when China makes a unilateral move, we will state our position and make clear what we agree and disagree with”. | https://www.aim.org/newswire/john-kerry-visits-the-philippines-promises-to-strengthen-presence-in-asia/ |
US Takes Steps to Support Disgruntled Allies on Visit to North Africa | News
With the focus on strained relations between the United States and its Gulf allies Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, it has been easy to forget that dissatisfaction with the Biden administration s has also spread to North Africa.
Algeria remains deeply concerned by President Joe Biden’s refusal to rescind his predecessor Donald Trump’s recognition of Moroccan sovereignty over disputed Western Sahara. Likewise, Morocco was frustrated that Biden had no intention of going beyond Trump’s “recognition”.
The new clash between neighbors over Western Sahara led to the breakdown of diplomatic relations last August, as well as an escalation in border disputes, which followed an alleged drone attack in Algeria that killed three civilians and was blamed in Morocco.
Amid rising tensions and frustration, US Secretary of State Antony Blinken included Morocco, where he arrived on Monday, and Algeria, where he is due on Wednesday, in his Middle East tour and in North Africa.
Divisions over Western Sahara
Western Sahara, a former Spanish colony largely controlled by Morocco since 1979, has long been a sore spot in Algerian-Moroccan relations, with Algeria backing Western Sahara’s independence movement, the Polisario Front.
Trump’s recognition of Moroccan sovereignty over the disputed territory, at the same time Morocco agreed to normalize relations with Israel, has heightened tensions between Algeria and Morocco.
Although the Biden administration has issued no statement reversing Trump’s decision, there is a sense that Washington is eager to return to a more neutral stance in a bid to broker an Algiers-Rabat deal.
“The American position is hesitant on the question of Western Sahara despite Trump’s announcement of the recognition of Moroccan sovereignty,” Mohamed Mayaara, an activist and director of the Saharawi publication Equipe Media, told Al Jazeera.
According to Mayaara, Blinken will seek to balance the frustrations of Morocco and Algeria “in a way that does not jeopardize Rabat’s normalization with Tel Aviv, but creates new momentum in the Western Sahara issue without alienating the Algeria, and by extension the Polisario movement”. .
This point of view is not shared by all.
“Blinken’s visit will reaffirm the diplomatic gains made by Morocco on the Western Sahara issue,” said Moroccan journalist Mohamed Salem Abdel-Fattah.
Spain’s withdrawal of its support for a referendum in Western Sahara on its sovereignty was a major blow for Morocco. Instead, the Spanish government announced on March 18 that it supported Rabat’s proposal to grant autonomous status to Western Sahara, but that it remain under Moroccan control.
Abdel-Fattah expected Rabat to pressure Blinken to build on Trump’s recognition of Moroccan sovereignty over the disputed territories and Spain’s new position, by “once again proposing more the idea of granting autonomy to the region as a viable solution within the framework of American foreign policy”. and the efforts of the United Nations”.
Alternatives to Russian Gas
Europe’s overreliance on Russian gas and the limits imposed on Europe following the invasion of Ukraine are also on the agenda. The United States has already sought to encourage Middle Eastern countries, such as Saudi Arabia and Qatar, to increase their oil and gas exports, and Blinken’s visit to Algiers, in particular, is likely motivated by similar goals.
“The reason for [Blinken’s] visit is to quickly convince Algeria to become an alternative gas supplier to Russia, and thus reduce Europe’s dependence on Moscow for its energy needs,” Idris Attiya told Al Jazeera, professor of international relations and political science at the University of Algiers.
Algeria is already Europe’s third gas supplier, accounting for 11% of Europe’s gas imports. While national oil and gas company Sonatrach has said it is willing to increase supplies to Europe, questions are being raised about whether Algeria has the capacity to increase production.
Moreover, production capacity is not the only problem, as Algeria has found itself trying to maintain a balance between Russia and the United States.
“Although Algeria has repeatedly insisted that it is a neutral party in the war against Ukraine, and has even offered to mediate between the two sides, there is a feeling in Washington that Algeria is traditionally closer to Moscow than to the United States,” says Attiya. “The other dynamic of visiting Blinken is [therefore] to try to distance Algeria from Russia.
Even though Morocco is not a major supplier of oil and gas, raw materials are an important part of Blinken’s journey to Rabat.
Morocco has been a vital conduit for bringing Algerian gas through pipelines that run through Morocco and Spain. After the suspension of diplomatic relations between Algeria and Morocco, Algiers decided not to renew the agreement for the use of Maghreb-Europe gas pipelines in November, forcing Spain to import only Algerian gas through a gas pipeline. direct, and ultimately reducing the amount of Algerian gas circulating in Europe.
“Blinken will seek to reconcile the two neighbors, [at least to the extent] whereby Algeria decides to restore delivery through Morocco’s pipelines,” Abdel-Fattah said.
Abdel-Fattah also believes that Blinken will discuss with his Moroccan counterparts the possibility of a political agreement between the factions in Libya, in the hope of “achieving stability” in the Libyan energy sector.
Oil production in Libya fell significantly as individual factions continued to jostle for power after a failed election in December.
Morocco hosted the UN-backed dialogue that culminated in the Skhirat Accord in 2015, which led to Libya’s government of national unity. The hope is that a similar process can be replicated in or with the help of Rabat, with the aim of brokering a new political agreement. | https://faaeeantrapologia.com/us-takes-steps-to-support-disgruntled-allies-on-visit-to-north-africa-news/ |
Tensions between Russia and Ukraine have been simmering for years, but today they erupted into a raging fire, impacting not just those two nations but also the rest of the globe.
Do we have to sit back and watch, unsure of what is left to come and unable to do anything to help?
Tensions have been rising for so long that when I woke up this morning, a part of me felt as if it was already over. However, the reality is that this shattering sequence of events may be the end to certain tensions, but it’s the beginning to a world of thunder.
I don’t know what will happen, but the possible outcomes aren’t looking promising. Are the Russians going to reach my family, my friends? Is NATO going to help Ukraine despite the country’s status as a “highly valued partner” and not a direct ally? My grandparents have to watch as their country, their home, is being invaded. They have to listen as the sound of explosions carries closer. They have to worry about their son, my uncle, who has to go to work despite this chaos because he’s considered “essential” in the government energy sector. Meanwhile, how am I expected to go to school as if today is a typical American school day as if my relatives aren’t fleeing their homes for safety while I’m in class?
Since the beginning of the outbreak of COVID-19, I haven’t been able to visit my relatives in Ukraine. My parents constantly planned trips to Ukraine over the past few years, but they were continuously postponed because of recent events. All the same, we kept trying to find a way to get to Ukraine, fearful that my Great Grandmother may not have much time left since she’s 88 and not in good health. Our family is still hoping that Grandma Valentina’s last memories won’t be the distant sounds of bombing and sirens as Russians attempt to take more and more of her home country’s land.
Lately, I’ve seen my mother on the phone more and more, texting and calling our relatives in Ukraine. My parents’ concerns grew as the conflict between Ukraine and Russia intensified by the day. I began to fear for my family, reaching out to my great-grandmother, grandparents, and uncle more frequently than before. Still, the worst of it was the sense of not knowing, haunting us as online media would constantly bounce back and forth with their predictions on what was to come. This morning, that feeling was replaced with terror when Putin had officially ordered a full-scale invasion into Ukraine.
On February 22, two days prior to the overnight invasion, Jens Stoltenberg (NATO Chief) reassured the public that NATO was prepared to defend Ukraine.
“I think also that we need to realize that Ukraine is a highly valued partner. We support them with military support, with political support, with the cyber defenses, with equipment. Different Allies provide different types of support. But when it comes to NATO Allies, we provide absolute security guarantees. Meaning that we make it absolutely clear that an attack on one Ally will trigger a response from the whole Alliance. One-for-all. All-for-one. And that’s also the reason why NATO has increased its presence in the eastern part of the Alliance, in a defensive manner, to make sure that there is no room for miscalculation about our ability to defend all Allies. And as long as we do that, we will prevent an attack on the NATO-allied countries.”
When asked about holding talks with the Kremlin, Stoltenberg called on Russia “to immediately cease” their military actions, but he said that is not currently an option. The NATO chief also mentioned that the invasion would have “long-term effects” on the Western Alliance’s relationship with Russia. “We don’t have all the answers today. But it will be a new reality… a new Europe,” he said.
Russia, he says, “has shut the door to a political solution. We regret that. But that’s, sadly, the reality, which has severe and very serious consequences for the people of Ukraine, but also actually impacts the security for all of us… that’s the reason why we step up our presence in the eastern part of the Alliance.”
You may think that this invasion doesn’t impact or relate to you whatsoever, but as this conflict hurts the world economy that COVID-19 has already weakened, you will be directly affected as well. Is the United States going to take strong action based on this assurance? For the sake of those in Ukraine and the lasting stability around the globe, I sure hope so. After 30 years of post-Cold War silence, peace in Europe was completely shattered this morning, and how we react to this saddening course of events from this moment on will determine not just Ukraine’s future but the future of the entire world. | https://thegatorseye.com/9123/news/russian-invasion-my-american-heart-bleeds-for-my-ukrainian-family/ |
Satyanarayanan Visvanathan; SVP & Head – HR (Global), Corporate Quality & SSQA,
What dramatic shifts has COVID-19 pandemic caused in the HR landscape?
A major shift witnessed during this period is the overarching work from home policy. None of us had imagined that remote working will be feasible in such a short span, that too worldwide. However, there are significant challenges and the industry needs to be equipped to handle them tactfully. According to a recent survey by Ernst & Young, 72% of organisations believe that the impact of this pandemic will be felt beyond six months or even more. The single biggest concern for continued remote working is a potential fall in productivity. It is time for HR leadership to recalibrate their priorities and communication. Building collaborative workspaces, digital HR practices, and deeper connections with employees based on trust and empathy are essential.
In the wake of COVID-19, what are the three ways that the future of jobs will change?
Companies across the globe have already integrated collaborative work tools across virtual environments in several business functions. This is one way to leverage talent pool that cuts across geographical boundaries. The second way is through increasing the adoption of collaborative tools, virtual meetings, and online work platforms. The third way would be enterprises seeking to enhance their agility in dealing with business continuity situations in the future.
What kind of professionals and skills will be in demand by organisations post COVID-19 lockdown?
Organisations place a weightage on good communication skills of employees. Now, there will be more emphasis on virtual communication skills. Along with technical skills, employees should enhance their soft skills considering that a lot of interactions are going to be virtual. High levels of familiarity and expertise with digital and collaborative tools will be critical. Apart from IQ levels, a focus on EQs levels will also be important so that leaders can interact with the employees at that level. Professionals will be evaluated based on their priorities toward team collaboration and work-life balance.
Mention the key trends that will drive the HR space in the coming years? | https://worldtechnews365.com/building-employee-engagement-models-through-virtual-modes-the-next-big-thing-for-hr-leaders-to-explore/ |
Outreach and Enrollment Coordinator, Per Diem
Improves market awareness and supports community presence for VNSNY CHOICE SelectHealth within a particular territory, through the coordination and implementation of presentations, events and grassroots strategies to enhance product visibility. Ensures successful membership enrollment in Plan based on eligibility, with a specific focus on the transgender population. Works under general supervision.
Responsibilities
- Assists with administering events and activities, such as tabling at street fairs, participating in community-established health fairs, presentations around health education, etc., designed to enhance the visibility of SelectHealth in the community. Provides feedback regarding the effectiveness of programs and events to Outreach and Partnership Development management including recommendations to improve events and strategies to increase product visibility.
- Assists with publicity and promotional efforts for community events to deliver adequate notice to potential participants and to drive event attendance and effectiveness in conjunction with marketing department.
- Evaluates and sets schedule and pace of events.
- Establishes and cultivates relationships with Community Based Organizations (CBO) and FQHCs in conjunction with partnership outreach advocates. Participates in CBO boards, committees and activities to promote community presence and VNSNY footprint.
- Attends weekday, and at times weekend community and SelectHealth events to answer existing and potential member questions; may provide in-person or virtual member orientations if needed.
- Collaborates with Partnership team and Community Based Organization staff to determine and/or partner with specific event(s) offered at site or those created by SelectHealth when necessary.
- Coordinates informational presentations and educates community groups and the public about SelectHealth.
- Helps identify potential community partners and opportunities that may support referrals to SelectHealth.
- Identifies and recommends appropriate campaigns and sponsorships by gathering and assessing pertinent data from the community and contacts, and collaborating with partnership outreach and management.
- Demonstrates familiarity with, and remains updated with respect to, laws, regulations, and policies around SelectHealth marketing and enrollment activities. Stays current on all new marketing policies as designated by NYS dept of Health and adheres to appropriate regulations.
- Participates in special projects and performs other duties as assigned.
Qualifications
Education: High school diploma or the equivalent preferred.
Experience: Minimum of two years of experience in marketing, sales, public relations, community relations, fund-raising, or other relevant experience required. Experience in health care or health insurance setting highly preferred. Excellent written and oral communication, presentation and organizational skills required. Must be self-directed, innovative, and proactive, and able to work independently. Bilingual skills preferred.
ABOUT US
The Visiting Nurse Service of New York (VNSNY) is the nation's largest not-for-profit home- and community-based health care organization, serving the five boroughs of New York City, and Nassau, Suffolk, and Westchester Countries. For over 125 years, VNSNY has been committed to improving the health and well-being of people through high-quality, cost effective healthcare in the home and community. We offer a wide range of services, programs, and health plans to meet the diverse needs of our patients, members, and clients from before birth to the end of life. Each day, more than 13,000 VNSNY employees - including nurses, rehabilitation therapists, social workers, other allied professionals, and paraprofessionals - deliver compassionate care, unparalleled medical expertise, and 24/7 solutions and resources to more than 44,000 patients and members, helping them to live the best lives possible in their homes and communities. | https://jobs.vnsny.org/job/manhattan/outreach-and-enrollment-coordinator/1238/1309981152 |
Courses in Communication Management in Asia 2021
Courses are intended to be taken by those wishing to further their personal development. Whether you take the courses in a classroom or online, there are a variety of specialized study areas.
Knowledge of business strategy, media management, marketing and public relations are all vital for the communications management professional. Along with creative skills, the specialist leverages expert-level understanding to craft both specific and overall strategies to promote a company and its brands.
As the largest and most populous continent in the world, Asia consists of a wide variety of ethnic groups, cultures, environments, economics, historical ties, and governmental systems.
Course in Communication Management in Asia
2 Results in Communication Management, Asia Filter
Leadership and Communication Workshop
This program focuses on the practical skills professionals need to develop and maintain in order to lead others and be an agent of change.
Information & Communications
The Department of Computer and Information Science designs and operates a systematic curriculum from basics to applied technologies with the goal of cultivating practical prof ... | https://www.academiccourses.ng/Courses/Communication-Management/Asia/amp/ |
A career in Sales and Marketing, within Internal Firm Services, will provide you with the opportunity to focus on positioning a distinctive PwC brand in the marketplace and drive long term revenue growth for the Firm. You’ll focus on designing, developing, and implementing communication programmes and media events to promote and sell the PwC’s brand and services as well as contribute to and evaluating our pricing strategies in the marketplace. Our Thought Leadership team helps our professionals deliver targeted thought leadership to our clients on relevant business topics. As part of the team, you’ll support PwC with brand positioning, business marketing, and sales efforts through publications and speeches.
To really stand out and make us fit for the future in a constantly changing world, each and every one of us at PwC needs to be an authentic and inclusive leader, at all grades/levels and in all lines of service. To help us achieve this we have the PwC Professional; our global leadership development framework. It gives us a single set of expectations across our lines, geographies and career paths, and provides transparency on the skills we need as individuals to be successful and progress in our careers, now and in the future.
As a Senior Manager, you'll work as part of a team of problem solvers, helping to solve complex business issues from strategy to execution. PwC Professional skills and responsibilities for this management level include but are not limited to:
Job Requirements and Preferences:
Basic Qualifications:
Minimum Degree Required:
High School Diploma
Minimum Years of Experience:
6 year(s)
Preferred Qualifications:
Degree Preferred:
Bachelor Degree
Preferred Fields of Study:
Marketing, Journalism
Additional Educational Preferences:
Other related fields of study may be considered.
Preferred Knowledge/Skills:
Demonstrates intimate knowledge and/or a proven record of success in accomplishing key objectives, preferably for a global network of professional services firms, with emphasis on the following areas:
Demonstrates intimate abilities and/or a proven record of success in roles involving project management of multiple and diverse editorial projects and day-to-day operations, preferably for a global network of professional services firms, including the following areas: | https://www.inhersight.com/company/pwc/job/ihs/l6fxgxoh |
Infoblox is seeking a Director, Business Development - Security to join our Product/Corporate Development team. This vital role owns the technology and strategic alliances in the security space for the company. They will partner and work in close collaboration with the Director of Business Development - Cloud/Networking Lead. In this role, you will establish and manage relationships with partners that significantly increase Infoblox's market penetration. This will entail taking a strategic view of partnerships and their role in accelerating the company's growth objectives and driving the business execution around partnerships and alliances in the security space.
This is an incredible opportunity to join a fast-paced team with high growth potential. The role is highly visible and requires working collaboratively across multiple vital functions such as product management, technical marketing engineering, support, engineering, product marketing, corporate marketing, sales, and channel teams. This position will report to the Vice President of Business and Corporate Development.
Responsibilities:
- Drive the formation of impactful partnerships and manage alliances to ensure they meet stated objectives (strategic and operational)
- Work closely with the product and sales teams to understand gaps in the portfolio
- Create a strategic rationale and business case for partnering
- Identify organizations with complementary products and develop and drive strategies to sell Infoblox products through these valued alliance partners
- Work with sales and channel partners to drive joint sales and marketing plays with alliance partners
Requirements:
- Minimum 10-15 years of experience with 5-7 years in business development/alliance management in mid to large-sized organizations
- Domain background in network security required (e.g., SOAR, Firewall, SIG/SWG, TIP, NAC, Vulnerability Management, emerging segments); additional knowledge in enterprise infrastructure networking and cloud service providers/hyper scalers preferred.
- Knowledge of key emerging trends and strategic mindset (ex. how security services are converging with networking at the edge (SASE), enterprise use cases)
- Excellent interpersonal communication and presentation skills with the ability to engage at senior levels in partner organizations as well as senior leadership at Infoblox
The ideal candidate will possess…
- Demonstrated ability to work well in a team and with other functional stakeholders, to multitask, and to thrive in a structured environment
- Demonstrated ability to influence and lead cross-business unit and/or cross-functional teams to manage internal resources and manage outside professionals
- Well-organized and strong execution skills (e.g., partner plans, business cases, etc.)
Education:
- BA or BS required
- MBA Preferred
It's an exciting time to be at Infoblox. We are the market leader in technology for network control. Our success depends on bright, energetic, talented people who share a passion for excellence in building the next generation of networking technologies—and having fun along the way. Infoblox offers a fast-paced, action-oriented environment. We promote a culture that embraces innovation, change, teamwork, and strong partnerships. Join the winning Infoblox team—our future looks bright, and so will yours. To check out what it's like to be a Bloxer, click here. | https://jobs.jobvite.com/infoblox/job/oIxCefwP |
How do we define environmental science?
• The surroundings or conditions (including living and nonliving components) in which organisms'
lives
What is environmental science?
• A field of research to understand the world and our relation to it
• Natural (book uses empirical) and applied science
Causes of climate change:
• Burning fossil fuels
• Deforestation
• Methane from agriculture
• Affluence and consumption
Some of the consequences: | https://oneclass.com/class-notes/ca/western/env-sci/env-1021fg/2770729-environmental-science-1021fg-lecture-1.en.html |
Inspired by the Grand Challenge Initiative, students initiated a discussion between the faculties in order to design a course in climate science with a unique interdisciplinary structure.
Truman McDaniel
Vanderbilt’s faculty in multiple disciplines is currently proposing a degree in climate science, which is expected to be available to undergraduate students in 2022.
The committee that proposes this major is jointly chaired by an associate professor of earth and environmental sciences Jonathan Gilligan, Professor of Sociology David Hess and associate professor for the history of art and architecture Betsey Robinson. Per Gilligan, the Climate Science degree program is interdisciplinary and will be integrated into the College of Arts and Sciences (A&S).
“We are consulting with the faculties at Peabody College and the School of Engineering to make sure this is something that people from across the university can do, regardless of their real interests,” said Gilligan.
Gilligan said the proposed Climate Science degree will include an introductory course taught by faculties with different subject areas on a team basis. The major will also include a core climate change science course that will provide students with the knowledge to explain its causes and effects, according to Gilligan. After completing those two courses, Gilligan said, students will be required to take a climate change course in every department at A&S, including the humanities, social and natural sciences.
Gilligan also said the students will take courses relevant to their specific career goals, such as understanding geographic information systems or applying 3D imaging to climate science. Other courses included in the proposed Climate Science major will be specialized electives such as Climate Change Ecology and Climate Change-Related Politics. Students may also be credited towards an integrative graduation course, internship, or independent study for immersion projects related to climate sciences.
According to Gilligan, changes may be made to the currently proposed major before it becomes available to Vanderbilt students as it must be approved by the faculty in the Curriculum committee before it becomes available. The schedule for the approval process is currently unclear as the major is still in the development phase, according to an email from Hess to The Hustler. He said more information on the agenda for the approval process should be available by the end of the fall semester of 2021.
Both Gilligan and Ellie Miller, a senior triple major in Earth and Environmental Sciences, Environmental Sociology, and Science and Technology Communication, believe that the structure of Vanderbilt’s proposed Climate Sciences degree, which integrates multiple perspectives, will make it unique and something that students across the university can eagerly await.
Miller said she hopes the climate science degree will bring together undergraduate, graduate and graduate students and faculties who otherwise would never have interacted with each other. Although she will graduate before the major is available, Miller is thrilled to be giving younger students the opportunity to learn about Earth Sciences and climate change without being limited to a typical STEM perspective. She is also looking forward to the intersection of disciplines within the proposed Climate Science degree.
“It opens a new window for us to find new ways to make Vanderbilt greener and to create new and innovative research on climate change emerging from Vanderbilt,” said Miller.
Gilligan also said that students pursuing careers in business could potentially benefit from the Climate Science degree as companies look for ways to become more sustainable.
“[The climate science major] gives students experience of working with people and talking about problems with people who have different perspectives, ”said Gilligan. “We [the faculty] think that the process of learning to talk to people with different interests will be a valuable thing for students’ career development. “
Vanderbilt currently has a choice of Classes and research opportunities related to climate science such as Paleoclimate and physics of the climate system. However, the students have expressed their interest in more opportunities for a comprehensive study of climate science, which prompted the faculty to propose the new course. Müller, who has taken a variety of climate science courses, said the courses are tightly focused on specific disciplines and perspectives.
“[The climate science classes] are a little disjointed and are all currently in different departments, ”Miller said.
Students like Miller have persistently pushed for more climate change classes to be incorporated into Vanderbilt’s curriculum through a single major. Miller said students had been suggesting a degree in climate science for years even before she came to Vanderbilt.
“I know Students promote environmental awareness and responsibility was an important component in proposing this important idea, ”said Miller. “However, it comes from many different student clubs; There has been a big movement in all courses that are more oriented towards geosciences. “
Faculty members also discussed the need for more climate science. Gilligan expressed concern that many students were not being taught climate science during high school. Through the proposed Climate Science degree, he and other faculties are pushing for every Vanderbilt graduate to have some knowledge of climate science.
By the Great challenge initiative—A program in which faculty and students explore pressing problems facing society — faculty members provided more opportunities for student involvement in climate science. Current projects within the program include Pandemic Analysis: Finding Solutions to COVID-19 and Racial Justice: The Third Reconstruction.
Gilligan led efforts to create the Climate and Society Project under the Grand Challenge Initiative, which aims to advance knowledge and develop responses to climate change. He said the research has enabled faculty and students to discuss how best to integrate climate change into Vanderbilt’s academic curriculum. This also included discussions on how to offer more courses on climate change that are attractive to students.
Gilligan also said that the work done on the project had helped move the discussion about creating a climate science degree program. He stated that it was headed by dean of the College of Arts and Science John Geer Encourage discussion of the steps necessary to form a major that builds on the Grand Challenge Initiative for Climate and Society. | https://shepherdgazette.com/climate-science-major-proposed-for-2022-the-vanderbilt-hustler/ |
An email recently unearthed by one of the their own scientists casts the blame on ExxonMobil, the world’s largest oil company in the world, as they had data pertaining to climate change as early as 1981 – seven years before it became public issue. They chose to fund deniers of the problem for the next 27 years.
Oh, the climate-change induced irony.
The email provides evidence that the company was aware of the connection between fossil fuels and climate change, and the potential for carbon-cutting regulations that could hurt its profits, over a generation ago – factoring that knowledge into its decision about an enormous gas field in south-east Asia. The field, off the coast of Indonesia, would have been the single largest source of global warming pollution at the time.
“Exxon first got interested in climate change in 1981 because it was seeking to develop the Natuna gas field off Indonesia,” wrote Lenny Bernstein in the email. “This is an immense reserve of natural gas, but it is 70% CO2,” or carbon dioxide, the main driver of climate change.
Bernstein claims that the information was seven years ahead of other major oil companies and the public.
Exxon’s public position has ever since decidedly against acknowledging the dangers brought about by climate change, and even appeals by their founding family, the Rockefellers, to change company policy, fell on deaf ears. Exxon went ahead and spent more than US$30m over the years to thinktanks and groups that advocated and promoted climate change denial, according to Greenpeace.
Climate change was largely confined to the realm of science until 1988, when the climate scientist James Hansen told Congress that global warming was caused by the buildup of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, due to the burning of fossil fuels. By that time, it was clear that developing the Natuna site would set off a huge amount greenhouse gases into the atmosphere – effectively a “carbon bomb”, according to Bernstein.
The excerpt comes from Bernstein’s email, in response to the Institute for Applied and Professional Ethics at Ohio University’s inquiry into business ethics.
Bernstein’s response, posted on the institute’s website last October, was released by the Union of Concerned Scientists on Wednesday as part of a report on climate disinformation promoted by companies such as ExxonMobil, BP, Shell and Peabody Energy, called the Climate Deception Dossiers.
In response to Bernstein’s comments, Exxon said climate science in the early 1980s was at a preliminary stage, but the company now sees climate change as a risk.
He rejected the idea that Exxon had funded groups promoting climate denial in the past.
Harvard University professor Naomi Oreskes, who researches the history of climate science, said it was unsurprising Exxon would have factored climate change in its plans in the early 1980s – but she disputed Bernstein’s suggestion that other companies were not.
She also took issue with Exxon’s assertion of uncertainty about the science in the 1980s, noting the National Academy of Science describing a consensus on climate change from the 1970s. The White House and the National Academy of Sciences came out with reports on climate change in the 1970s, and government scientific agencies were studying climate change in the 1960s, she said. There were also a number of major scientific meetings on climate change in the 1970s.
I find it difficult to believe that an industry whose business model depends on fossil fuels could have been completely ignoring major environmental reports, major environmental meetings taken place in which carbon dioxide and climate change were talked about,” Naomi Oreskes said in an interview with the Guardian.
However, Exxon did not go into production on the field. Keil, the ExxonMobil spokesman, confirmed that the company had decided not to develop Natuna, but would not comment on the reasons. “There could be a huge range of reasons why we don’t develop projects,” he said. | https://www.zmescience.com/ecology/environmental-issues/exxon-had-evidence-of-climate-change-since-1981-funded-deniers-for-27-years-8373895/ |
Better implementation and further strengthening of current environmental priorities in climate change; nature and biodiversity; natural resource use and waste; environment, health and quality of life. Whilst these remain important priorities, managing the links between them will be paramount.
What are the 3 main goals of environmental science studies?
The three main goals of environmental science are: to learn how the natural world works, to understand how humans interact with the environment, and to find ways to deal with environmental problems and live more sustainably.
What is the main focus of environmental science?
Environmental Science provides an overview of how science affects our environment. We focus on interactions between the solid Earth, its water, its air and its living organisms, and on dynamic, interdependent relationships between these four components.
What environmental problems are considered top priority?
The top priorities differ between food security and biodiversity. For food security, the top priorities are pollinator loss, soil compaction, and nutrient depletion, and for biodiversity conservation, ocean acidification and land and sea use (especially habitat degradation) are the main concerns.
What are the two main goals of environmental science?
The field of environmental science can be divided into three main goals, which are to learn how the natural world works, to understand how we as humans interact with the environment, and also to determine how we affect the environment.
What is importance of environmental science?
Environmental science promotes the study and understanding of natural and human-caused processes in our natural environment. By researching and investigating complex environmental issues, students develop and enhance essential skills such as critical thinking, problem-solving, and creative thinking.
What are the five major fields that contribute to environmental science?
These five fields are atmospheric sciences, ecology, environmental chemistry, geosciences, and social sciences.
What is environmental science in your own words?
Environmental science is the study of living organisms and how they interact with our environment. … Often referred to as ecology, environmental scientists aim to understand our surroundings better by utilizing different fields and combining the various findings to create a complete picture.
What is included in environmental science?
environmental science, interdisciplinary academic field that draws on ecology, geology, meteorology, biology, chemistry, engineering, and physics to study environmental problems and human impacts on the environment.
What is environmental science discuss the aim and scope of environmental science?
Environmental Science deals with the study of processes in soil, water, air and organisms which. lead to pollution or environmental damages and the scientific basis for the establishment of a. standard which can be considered acceptably clean, safe and healthy for human beings and. natural ecosystems.
Why the environment should be a priority?
“Environment should be top priority of any government. You can live without food for a while but you cannot live even a minute without clean air and water. Awareness about the environment is an essential feature for a proper life today.
What are the 10 major environmental problems?
The top ten environmental issues are these:
- Climate Change.
- Energy.
- Water.
- Biodiversity and Land Use.
- Chemicals, Toxics and Heavy Metals.
- Air Pollution.
- Waste Management.
- Ozone Layer Depletion.
What are the 3 major environmental problems and how can we solve them?
Let’s look at three major environmental issues and some solutions which can help combat them:
- Global Warming and Climate Change. Human activities have made global warming and climate change a global threat. …
- Water Pollution and Ocean Acidification. …
- Loss of Biodiversity.
What is the most important environmental issue?
Some of the key issues are:
- Pollution. …
- Global warming. …
- Overpopulation. …
- Waste disposal. …
- Ocean acidification. …
- Loss of biodiversity. …
- Deforestation. …
- Ozone layer depletion. | https://challengeracquisitions.com/garbage-dump/what-are-the-main-priorities-considered-by-environmental-science.html |
Most people are familiar with the dodo and the dinosaur, but extinction has occurred throughout the history of life, with the result that nearly all the species that have ever existed are now extinct. Today, species are disappearing at an ever increasing rate, whilst past losses have occurred during several great crises. Issues such as habitat destruction, conservation, climate change, and, during major crises, volacanism and meteorite impact, can all contribute towards the demise of a group.
In this Very Short Introduction, Paul B. Wignall looks at the causes and nature of extinctions, past and present, and the factors that can make a species vulnerable. Summarising what we know about all of the major and minor exctinction events, he examines some of the greatest debates in modern science, such as the relative role of climate and humans in the death of the Pleistocene megafauna, including mammoths and giant ground sloths, and the roles that global warming, ocean acidification, and deforestation are playing in present-day extinctions
Introduction
1: Causes of extinction
2: Modern extinction and conservation
3: Extinction in the fossil record
4: Mass extinctions
5: Causes of mass extinctions
6: Ice Age extinctions and man
Further reading
Index
Paul Wignall is Professor of Palaeoenvironments at the University of Leeds, and a leading expert on extinctions. He has published over 200 papers on a multitude of research areas, including the causes of major environmental change such as the deoxygenation of the oceans, and the establishment of super greenhouse climates. In addition to his considerable research output, he has authored a popular science book, The Worst of Times (Princeton University Press, 2015), and has contributed articles to popular science magazines. He has also appeared in many television documentaries, including the recent Walking through Time (Channel 4).
"Extinction is a pressing societal and political problem, but we must get the science right. In this excellent book, Paul Wignall draws on a broad range of recent studies on the great mass extinctions of the past and the present biodiversity crisis to provide the evidence that will inform the debate." | https://www.nhbs.com/extinction-a-very-short-introduction-book?bkfno=242702 |
Chicago-area educators are seeing increased flooding, severe cold, and beach erosion all around their city. They see these questions as central to their teaching on climate change and better environmental learning.
Ayesha Qazi, doctoral student. candidate at the University of Illinois at Chicago, teaches environmental science at Advanced Placement and honors biology at Northside College Preparatory High School in Chicago. She and her students study climate change from a multitude of angles, including the scientific, political and socio-economic impact.
“Climate change for many students, families and communities is so abstract and far away,” Qazi said. “They don’t really see the connection to Chicago, or they don’t see how we’re contributing to climate change.”
As the climate and other environmental issues continue to impact our community and global society, many teachers have pushed for better environmental education. These teachers use resources and initiatives to help students understand the complex issues involved in solving the environmental challenges of today and tomorrow.
In the Qazi classroom, students engage in powerful discussions, facilitated by research papers, to explore the impact of climate change on their community and the solutions available.
What Does Environmental Education Look Like in Illinois?
The stream Illinois Education Standards, based on Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS), have been in force since February 2014.
Illinois identifies “Earth and Human Activity” as an excessive standard starting in kindergarten and continuing through elementary, middle and high schools. This standard covers a variety of topics, from the sustainable use of natural resources to the implementation of alternative energies.
Educators introduce the term “climate change” at the start of college. The standard deals directly with the human impact on climate change, stating that “human activities, such as the release of greenhouse gases from the combustion of fossil fuels, are major factors in the current increase in average temperature at the Earth’s surface “.
Other neighboring states, such as Wisconsin and Indiana, also require environmental education to varying degrees. For example, Wisconsin standards teach environmental science throughout K-12 education, while Indiana teaches in some classes. Indiana Standards still refer to climate change as a “theory” to be tested rather than a fact.
Advanced placement courses are at the discretion of board of directors, a non-profit organization that helps students succeed in their studies through AP courses and the SAT test. The AP Environmental Science course consists of nine units that cover areas ranging from biodiversity to population growth to global change. The College Board also uses the term “climate change” in its subjects.
“I would say the first time I heard of [climate change] was in elementary school, but this is the first time I’ve delved deeper into the subject, ”said Osita Achufusi, a final year student at Northside College Preparatory High School. “It didn’t really give me the knowledge I wanted to have to have these discussions that I think are so productive. “
What does an environmental science class look like in Chicago?
In addition to science, Qazi believes in teaching all aspects of climate change, including the causes, solutions, and the science that anchors the two.
“I love teaching this course because environmental science is a general topic,” she said. “You connect with everyone. It impacts everyone’s jobs.
Qazi begins its course with the Dominant Social Paradigm, or DSP, and the New Environmental Paradigm, or NEP. The DSP places man at the center of nature and above all other species, while the NEP asserts that man lives among other species and is therefore limited by the environment. Qazi uses these two concepts to explain why certain policies exist based on the predominant psychology around the environment.
From there, Qazi brings Chicago-related environmental issues, such as rising lake levels and the urban heat island effect, into the classroom. Senior student Grace Lewis said it helps her understand her own impact on her community.
“She does a lot of case studies in Chicago, which really makes it easier to understand,” Lewis said. “Once we’ve learned the concepts, it’s a lot easier to see how it’s going in our own city. “
And students learn directly from the source material. They are given research papers, articles and other reading to help them learn about what is going on. Although these research papers were not easy to understand at first, the students reported learning by doing and discussing.
“It’s almost like getting used to reading Shakespeare,” said Gigi Calcagno, senior at Northside College Prep. “It’s hard to understand, but then you get used to the terminology.”
Community solutions at the center of concerns
With the large number of environmental problems, it is important to teach workable solutions. Climate experts said it was not enough to just teach about problems.
Qazi said she believes solutions are just as important in environmental education.
“I like to try to finish each unit with a little bit of hope,” she said. “This whole class can get incredibly depressing if you don’t focus on some of the wins and some of the highs.”
It focuses not only on solutions, but also on the socio-economic impacts of climate change and environmental problems.
“I always tell my students, it’s like this triangle,” Qazi explained. “You have the ecological, social and economic impacts. “
Through the lens of solutions, Qazi introduces students to community organizations that are doing the work to rectify environmental problems in Chicago. She said she hopes the students will see what is being done in their own community and learn how they can contribute.
Qazi also uses class discussions to allow students to bring forward their own experiences and perspectives on these issues.
“It’s definitely a very open space to ask questions and hear the views of others,” Calcagno said. “I think getting these perspectives from people who grew up with all kinds of different backgrounds in all parts of town makes these discussions really valuable to us. “
What resources are available for teachers?
Qazi recognizes that his class is scarce in Chicago public schools and wishes to make his resources more widely available to promote advanced study beyond the basic standard.
“There aren’t many AP environmental science teachers at CPS,” she said. “There are really only two of us. “
As environmental education becomes a priority for teachers, they need resources for their classrooms.
Qazi and his colleague Ylanda Wilhite founded the Chicago environmental educators, a network of more than 300 teachers. They wanted this group to address the disparities in educational resources in city neighborhoods.
“Many schools on the south and west sides of town cannot afford the lab supplies or the training needed to understand how to use these resources,” said Wilhite, who works at the Field Museum. “We wanted to break down these barriers to science [and] environmental resources.
Through the network, Chicago Environmental Educators conducts virtual workshops, book club meetings, community recordings, and interviews with people in the field for its members. These programs are completely free for members, allowing teachers to have better access to resources.
The Chicago Teachers Union passed a resolution in February 2020 to promote environmental advocacy in the community and in the curriculum. CTU is also organizing a climate justice committee to educate teachers on these topics.
What more can we do?
As Illinois Learning Standards and Chicago Public School initiatives have begun work on environmental education, students and educators believe there is still room for improvement.
“I honestly think that compared to other people, I had a lot of privilege in my education,” said Penelope Shinnick, senior at Northside College Prep. “But I wouldn’t say I had a lot of formal knowledge of environmental science. “
The students said they think there should be more education in their elementary years to build an environmental knowledge base. They also believe that more emphasis should be placed on the socio-economic impacts of environmental problems such as climate change.
The Chicago Environmental Educators hopes it can reach more teachers and have a more even distribution of resources across the city, not just in wealthy areas.
“If a school on the North Side of Chicago – for example – has an environmental club, is able to send students to workshops and conferences, is able to invite scientists from leading institutions to talk about the climate change, so this school has resources, ”Wilhite said. “The next step should be how do you get this school to partner with the least funded school, to share these resources, so that more students are made aware of the environmental injustices that are driving climate change?” “
Through education, Qazi hopes to give students a holistic view of climate change and the environmental movement.
“The environmental movement is not a hierarchy,” she said. “Each person has what they experience, feel and go through [that] is equally valuable to the person right next to them. And so there is no face to climate change.
Emily Little is a health, environment and science journalist at Medill. You can follow her on Twitter at @EmilyM_Little. | https://drewahendricks.com/environmental-education-in-chicago-can-still-improve-teachers-say/ |
The course comprises an 8 day intensive field trip to the Southern Island of New Zealand and a Laboratory project. Students will engage in observation of evidences of past climate changes, glacial cycles, modern glacier fluctuations and the effects of "geology in action" on the landscape of the last 2 million years. Students should acquire field and laboratory skills on methods of past climate and environmental change investigation, and should become familiar with concepts such as timing, extent and propagation of these changes. In the field, students will become familiar with scientific debate, diverse approaches to interpretation of data, independent and critical thinking. The course is a benchmark for understanding natural causes of global, hemispheric and regional changes and the implications they have on the current trend of anthropogenically-influenced change.
Availability
Not currently offered.
This Course was last offered in Semester 2 - 2018.
Learning outcomes
On successful completion of the course students will be able to:
1. Develop theoretical and practical skills for the purpose of reconstruction of past climate and environmental changes
2. Develop skills in site selection, site characterisation, sediment core recovery and Quaternary sediment description
3. Develop skills in reconstructing landscape evolution within a framework which examines tectonics, natural climate changes as well as human impact.
4. Develop skills in writing a report in scientific and professionally acceptable language
5. Develop skills in self-appraisal through peer review process and presentation
Content
The major topics covered are;
- Field evidences of past climate changes
- Site selections, characterisation and sample identification skills
- Sedimentary evidences of climate change
- Quaternary landscape in a tectonically active area
- Causes of climate change
- Critical evaluation of theories
Assumed knowledge
GEOS1040 or GEOS1050
GEOS2161
GEOS2050 or GEOS2200
Assessment items
Presentation: Presentation of field trip report
Quiz: Field Trip Quiz
Report: Field Trip Report of 3000 words
Written Assignment: Peer Review of research paper
Compulsory Requirements
In order to pass this course, each student must complete ALL of the following compulsory requirements:
General Course Requirements:
- Field Study: Induction Requirement - Students must attend and pass the induction requirements before attending these sessions. - In order to participate in this course, students must complete a compulsory safety and/or fieldwork induction. | https://www.newcastle.edu.au/course/GEOS3280 |
The results of climate change make the headlines almost daily. All across America and the globe, communities have to adapt to rising sea levels, intensified storms, and warmer temperatures. One way or another, climate change will be a proving ground. We will either sink, in cases where the land is subsiding, or swim, finding ways to address these challenges. While temperatures and seas are rising slowly, we have some immediate choices to make. If we act quickly and boldly, there is a small window of opportunity to prevent the worst. We can prepare for the changes by understanding what is happening and taking specific measures. There is “commitment” already in the climate change system. To minimize those effects will require another kind of commitment, the kind Rick Van Noy illustrates in these stories about a climate-distressed South. Like Rachel Carson’s groundbreaking work Silent Spring, Rick Van Noy’s Sudden Spring is a call to action to mitigate the current trends in our environmental degradation. By highlighting stories of people and places adapting to the impacts of a warmer climate, Van Noy shows us what communities in the South are doing to become more climate-resilient and to survive a slow deluge of environmental challenges.
The physical and biological impacts of climate change are dramatic and broad-ranging. People who care about the planet and manage natural resources urgently need a synthesis of our rapidly growing understanding of these issues. In this all-new sequel to the 2005 volume Climate Change and Biodiversity, leading experts in the field summarize observed changes, assess what the future holds, and offer suggested responses. From extinction risk to ocean acidification, from the future of the Amazon to changes in ecosystem services, and from geoengineering to the power of ecosystem restoration, this book captures the sweep of climate change transformation of the biosphere.
Patrick Nunn looks at ancient tales and traditions that may be rooted in scientifically verifiable fact, and can be explored via geological evidence, such as the Biblical Flood.
With insights from physical science, social science, and humanities, this short book examines how climate change and social inequity are indelibly linked, and considering them together can bring about effective change in social equity, health, and the environment.
The threats posed by global climate change are widely recognized and carbon emissions are the major source of greenhouse gases accumulating in the atmosphere. Burning fossil fuels causes long-lasting, pervasive damages, costly to those of us alive today and even more to our children and our children's children. The United States is the second largest carbon emitting country in the world and should play a key role in global efforts to reduce emissions. Paying for Pollution incisively examines the very real costs-economic and social-of climate change and the challenges of concerted action to reduce future losses due to damages of higher temperatures and more extreme weather. Gilbert E. Metcalf argues that there is a convergence of social, economic, environmental, and political forces that provides an opening for a new approach to climate policy, one based on market principles that can appeal to politicians across the political spectrum. After all, markets work best when the price of a good reflects all its costs.
Metcalf suggests that a thoughtfully and politically sensitive designed carbon tax could also contribute to an improved tax system, something desired by Republican and Democratic politicians alike. That is, a carbon tax increases fiscal flexibility by providing new revenues to finance reforms to the income tax that improve the fairness of the tax code and contribute to economic growth. Metcalf compares the benefits of a carbon tax to other potential policies, such as cap and trade, to reduce the threats of climate change. None, he shows, are as effective, efficient, and fair as a carbon tax. | https://climatehub.saveourshores.org/reading-list/ |
Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming
Greenhouse Effect and Greenhouse Gases Greenhouse effect meaning increasing the global temperature of the world which trapping heat from the earth's surface by CO2 gas...
Electrical Energy in Nuclear Power Plant
Nuclear Power Generation Process Nuclear power or renewable energy sources uses increases due to the increasing demand for electrical energy generation in the world. Therefore,...
Acid Rain Causes and Effects
Acid Rain on our Environment Acid rain and acid snow is a major pollutant of our environmental climate change formed by dissolving sulphuric acid, nitric...
Environmental Chemistry Components
Environmental Chemistry in Science Environmental chemistry is the branch of science domains where we study abiotic, biotic, energy components, and chemical elements of the ecosystem... | https://www.priyamstudycentre.com/science/organic-chemistry/global-environment |
M.D. Harmon, in his April 27 column (“Changing their tune on global warming trend”), cites an apparent change of heart by James Lovelock and a letter to the administrator of NASA signed by 49 former NASA employees to support his view that “the idea that human action is causing climate change is becoming increasingly incredible to governments, astronauts, neutral scientists and ordinary taxpayers.”
However, the consensus of working scientists of human-induced climate change approaches 97 percent. Only two years ago, the National Academy of Sciences released three reports confirming the scientific consensus that the climate is indeed changing and that human activities are a major cause.
Although contrarians such as Harmon enjoy disparaging the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the IPCC’s periodic assessments represent the considered judgment of the world’s climate science community.
Since the first IPCC assessment in 1990, successive reports show a trend of growing certainties: first about the basic science; then about the human connection; and finally a growing alarm regarding the projected environmental and economic impacts of rapid climate change.
Since 2001, the IPCC’s conclusions have been supported by the national science academies of 32 separate countries.
Climate skepticism is well-funded. Paralyzing partisanship and denial do not belie the science. We could go on. Harmon’s two tales in no way prove his point, which simply flies in the face of reality. The science is sound.
The discussion today must be how people in Portland, in Maine and across the nation swiftly respond to the causes and effects of climate change in ways that support progress and economic health and avoid unnecessary costs. | https://www.pressherald.com/2012/05/09/column-overstates-controversy-among-climate-change-experts_2012-05-09/ |
It is proposed that a relatively deep global thermocline, reductions in low-latitude gradients in sea surface temperature, and cloud and water vapour feedbacks may help to explain the warmth of the late Miocene.
Effect of Vegetation on the Late Miocene Ocean Circulation
- Environmental Science, Geography
- 2006
We examine the role of the vegetation cover and the associated hydrological cycle on the deep ocean circulation during the Late Miocene (~10 million years ago). In our simulations, an open Central…
Marine Ecosystem Responses to Cenozoic Global Change
- Environmental Science, GeographyScience
- 2013
The long-term geological record reveals an early Cenozoic warm climate that supported smaller polar ecosystems, few coral-algal reefs, expanded shallow-water platforms, longer food chains with less energy for top predators, and a less oxygenated ocean.
Large shift of the Pacific Walker Circulation across the Cenozoic
- Environmental Science, GeographyNational science review
- 2021
It is demonstrated that the Pacific Walker Circulation was ∼38° broader and ∼5% more intense during the Early Eocene relative to present, and suggested that rising CO2 favors a weaker PWC under the same land-sea configurations, supporting a weakening of the PWC in a warmer future.
The SE Asian gateway: history and tectonics of the Australia–Asia collision
- Environmental Science
- 2011
Collision between Australia and SE Asia began in the Early Miocene and reduced the former wide ocean between them to a complex passage which connects the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Today, the…
Middle Miocene climate cooling linked to intensification of eastern equatorial Pacific upwelling
- Environmental Science, Geography
- 2013
During the Middle Miocene, Earth's climate transitioned from a relatively warm phase (Miocene climatic optimum) to a colder mode with reestablishment of permanent ice sheets on Antarctica, thus…
Global perturbation of the carbon cycle at the onset of the Miocene Climatic Optimum
- Environmental Science, Geography
- 2014
The Miocene Climatic Optimum (MCO; ca. 17-14.7 Ma) represents one of several major interruptions in the long-term cooling trend of the past 50 m.y. To date, the processes driving high-amplitude…
Isotopic fingerprinting of dissolved iron sources in the deep western Pacific since the late Miocene
- Environmental Science, GeographyScience China Earth Sciences
- 2020
Iron (Fe) is a productivity-limiting nutrient in the ocean. However, the sources of dissolved Fe (dFe) in the deep ocean and how they respond to tectonic and climate changes are still poorly…
A Cenozoic record of the equatorial Pacific carbonate compensation depth
- Geology, Environmental ScienceNature
- 2012
A carbonate accumulation record that covers the past 53 million years from a depth transect in the equatorial Pacific Ocean is presented and large superimposed fluctuations in carbonate compensation depth are found during the middle and late Eocene.
Climate, cryosphere and carbon cycle controls on Southeast Atlantic orbital-scale carbonate deposition since the Oligocene (30–0 Ma)
- Geography, Environmental Science
- 2020
Abstract. The evolution of the Cenozoic Icehouse over the past 30 million years (Myr) from a unipolar to a bipolar world is broadly known; however, the exact development of orbital-scale climate…
References
SHOWING 1-10 OF 443 REFERENCES
Tectonic boundary conditions for climate reconstructions
- Environmental Science, Geography
- 1998
Introduction 1. Significance of Tectonic Boundary Conditions for Paleoclimate Simulations I. Role of Continental Configuration 2. The Role of Geography and Atmospheric CO2 in Long-Term Climate…
Plate tectonics and paleocirculation — Commotion in the ocean☆
- Environmental Science, Geography
- 1977
A coupled climate–ice sheet modeling approach to the Early Cenozoic history of the Antarctic ice sheet
- Environmental Science, Geography
- 2003
North Atlantic Arctic Gateways I
- Environmental Science, Geography
- 1993
The Arctic and subarctic seas exert major influences on global climate and ocean systems. Understanding the causes and consequences of global climatic and environmental change is an important…
Effect of ocean gateways on the global ocean circulation in the late Oligocene and early Miocene
- Environmental Science
- 2006
We investigate the effect of changes in the tectonic boundary conditions on global ocean circulation patterns. Using a fully coupled climate model in an idealized setup, we compare situations…
Evidence for deep-water production in the North Pacific Ocean during the early Cenozoic warm interval
- Environmental Science, GeographyNature
- 2004
Records of neodymium isotopes from two cores in the Pacific Ocean indicate a shift in deep-water production from the Southern Ocean to the North Pacific ∼65 Myr ago, which indicates changes in Cenozoic deep- water circulation patterns were the consequence, not the cause, of extreme Cenzoic warmth.
Regional climate shifts caused by gradual global cooling in the Pliocene epoch
- Environmental Science, GeographyNature
- 2004
Climate records from high latitudes, subtropical regions and the tropics are compared, indicating that the onset of large glacial/interglacial cycles did not coincide with a specific climate reorganization event at lower latitudes and suggesting that mean low-latitude climate conditions can significantly influence global climate feedbacks. | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Pacific-Ocean-and-Cenozoic-evolution-of-climate-Lyle-Barron/c8f2ebe1e1a53fa1a9521abe4205033c383ee573 |
I am a professor of environmental science and research on paleolimnology and environmental change. Since 2018, I am chairman of the employment committee at the Faculty of Science and Technology.
Our research group is interested primarily in long-term environmental and climate changes and their causes, particularly due to super-imposed human impacts. Present-day conditions cannot be understood correctly without an understanding of the past process that have led up to the present status of the environment.
In order to study these changes through time we use natural archives such as lake sediments, which accumulate in principle continuously on the bottom of every lake since the end of the last ice age until the present. With the help of sediment archives we can develop insights concerning biogeochemical processes that take place over longer timescales than those timeframes covered in field studies or through environmental monitoring programs.
The sediment record also gives us critical insights into environmental conditions in the absence of human disturbance, which is a necessary reference point to assess human impacts. Questions of broad interest include acidification of lakes, atmospheric metal pollution, the millennial history of mining and metallurgy along with related environmental impacts, land-use changes, carbon cycling in lakes, as well as climate change – and oftentimes some or all of these are intertwined. | https://www.umu.se/en/staff/richard-bindler/ |
The team formed by the UPV/EHU, the Repsol Foundation and BC3 guarantees the optimum balance between scientific research, knowledge-sharing, and societal application through climate policies.
UPV-EHU is a multisector, multidisciplinary research institution that provides educational services through teaching, research, scientific and technological development and university outreach. It’s goal is to stimulate critical thinking and to spread information in order to contribute to the advancement of knowledge and social development through research and sharing the results with society.
UPV-EHU with its Euskampus project, was rated as a campus of excellence in the 2010 campus of excellence competition, and in the 2009 competition was rated excellent in I+D+I and knowledge transfer in the environmental quality and natural resources category. This program promotes adding so that by sharing a common campus, they can develop a shared strategic project to create an academic, scientific, entrepreneurial and innovative environment, aimed at achieving high visibility in order to strengthen the University-Society-Territory relationship.
This environment is the framework for the partnership agreement and specifically the environmental economy unit of the UPV/EHU’s public economics institute, which is one of the priority areas of the Euskampus project “Sustainable Ecosystems and Environmental Technologies” whose mission is to strengthen scientific and technical capacities by integrating environmental, economic and social goals as related to renewable energy, territorial cohesion and sustainable resource management.
The BC3 is a Basque Excellence Research Centre (BERC) established in 2008 under the impulse of the Basque Government and the University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea to contribute to knowledge about the causes and impacts of climate change and encourage progress in high-level research on the subject.
This center was created, on the one hand, from the Basque government’s strong commitment to promoting research and science as well as due to the Basque system’s attraction of prestigious international researchers.
This commitment is reflected in the Science, Technology and Innovation (PCTI) 2010 which assures a commitment to situate the Basque Country as a benchmark in innovation and science in Europe. The center was created as a reflection of the importance that both the Basque Environmental Strategy for Sustainable Development 2002-2020 (and its last update, the Environmental Framework Programme 2011-2014), and the Basque Plan to Combat Climate Change 2008-2012 attribute to the generation of knowledge as a strategy to promote both improving quality of life and preserving the environment and its resources; or rather, Sustainable Development.
Led by one of the most recognized scientists in the field—professor Anil Markandya—the BC3 aims to contribute from the Basque Country in order to face this great challenge; to join forces with other world centers to collaborate towards this ambitious goal. The center was therefore created with the job of becoming an international reference point for research, recognized for its contribution to scientific knowledge and its capacity to attract first-rate researchers to the Basque research and science system.
BC3’s research project centers on four major research areas: studying ways to adapt to the impact of climate change, policy knowledge about how to mitigate global warming gas emissions, understanding the international dimension of climate policy, and supporting research that complements and informs climate policy.
Repsol Foundation’s purpose is to “be REPSOL group’s expression of corporate commitment to social responsibility, and specifically its commitment to the the sustainable improvement of the societies where REPSOL has industrial and business operations”. With this aim, the Foundation pursues common-interest social, cultural and environmental goals, as well as scientific/educational goals and the promotion of research, through action plans or programs.
The Repsol Foundation understands that programs in the public economics institute of the UPV/EHU, the Euskampus Project and the BC3 are in line with its goals and objectives.
The Repsol Foundation carries out projects and studies in the energy and environmental fields that aim to improve the sustainability of energy sources, sustainable resource management, and to reduce environmental impact.
In this sense, the Foundation promotes energy efficiency improvements by pushing for a better understanding of the current situation and analyzing a possible path for improvement through technical actions. Therefore, the Foundation is both present at and follows the development of both national and international discussion forums, and promotes forums and conferences on the aforementioned topics related to energy production and use.
The Repsol Foundation wants to contribute to the debate in Spain about climate change, its implications on energy supply, and the economic and social costs of policies adopted to mitigate its effects.
To do this, it is essential to conduct independent scientific and economic studies on the impact of possible policies to be implemented and to make them known to the public. With this goal, the Foundation forms a part of leading international scietific and research institutions, such as the Massachussetts Institute of Technology (MIT) whose Joint Program on Science and Policy of Global Change is considered to be the most complete on climate change.
Aims to place the Basque Country in a position of global leadership as regards education, research activities and its capacity for innovation and knowledge transfer. Promoting and carrying out research of excellence as an instrument to improve the Basque System of Science, Technology and Innovation, becoming a driving force for social well-being.
At the same time, the CEI Euskampus is a project committed to its surroundings, seeking to link the UPV/EHU to companies, to the different social agents and the cities of the Basque Country, thus carrying out a prominent role in the process of social and economic transformation and regional development.
To promote and carry out research of excellence as an instrument to improve the Basque System of Science, Technology and Innovation, becoming a driving force for social well-being.
This committee evaluates the research conducted within the department framework and advises on the research agenda proposed by the Steering Committee. It is chaired by Professor A. Markandya, BC3’s scientific director, and brings together prestigious researchers from the international scientific community.
This committee comprises representatives of the founding members and is chaired by the Programme Coordinator (Dr. A. Ansuategi). It is responsible for drafting the research agenda and other activities, as well as implementing these activities in close collaboration with the Scientific Committee. | http://www.lowcarbonprogramme.org/agentes/ |
Use the filter menu and interactive map to explore the past competitions offered and grants awarded through the Environmental Literacy Program.
To learn more about project findings and outcomes, view the summaries of our grantees’ summative evaluation reports.
- (-) Miami Museum of Science / Phillip and Patricia Frost Museum of Science (1)
- (-) National Aquarium / National Aquarium In Baltimore (NAIB) (1)
- (-) University of Maryland / Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites (CICS-M) (1)
- Florida Aquarium (1)
- Literacy Volunteers America of Monroe County (1)
Hurricanes and Climate Change: Local Impacts and Global Systems
The Miami Science Museum, in collaboration with Ideum and the Institute for Learning Innovation, is designing and developing an interactive multi-user exhibit that allows visitors to explore the global dimensions and local impacts of climate change. The exhibit will raise public understanding about the underlying science, the human causes, and the potential impacts of climate change by combining the attraction of a 4-foot spherical display with a user-controlled interface that lets visitors control the sphere and choose from a range of global and local content they wish to explore. A particular focus is on climate-related impacts on coastal communities, including the dangers posed by rising sea level and the possibility of more intense hurricanes. The project emphasizes engagement of diverse, multigenerational audiences through development of an interface that is fully bilingual and that promotes social interaction. The open-source learning module will be adaptable by other museums, to explore climate impacts specific to their region.
A National Coalition of Aquariums Educating About Climate Change
This collaboration led by three major national aquariums - National Aquarium in Baltimore, Monterey Bay Aquarium, and New England Aquarium - will develop a leadership initiative to build capacity within aquariums and related informal science education institutions nation-wide, enabling education staff to engage and inspire millions of visitors to take action about climate change and the ocean. Over three years, the aquariums will increase climate literacy among informal science educators by: 1) creating a national network for training, resource sharing and support; 2) developing climate change activity carts to support exhibit interpretation; 3) providing training for youth interpreters; and 4) hosting regional and national summits to strengthen collaboration and showcase and disseminate model programs. Outcomes for educators will include increased knowledge of climate change science; knowledge of strategies, tools and materials for educating about climate change; and confidence in their ability to communicate about climate change.
Interpretation of Real-Time Weather and Climate Data for Spherical Displays
The Interpretation of Real-time Weather and Climate for Spherical Displays (EarthNow) project utilizes the Science on a Sphere (SOS) Network to enable meaningful interpretation of real-time weather and climate data by museum docents and visitors viewing SOS exhibits nationwide. The project will generate and provide real-time NOAA weather, climate and ocean data to the SOS Network along with appropriate training for docents. It will also provide data interpretation summaries, data discussions and concise talking points on a regularly updated blog. This project is being implemented by a collaborative team of two weather and climate centers of NOAA/NESDIS: the Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies (CIMSS) and Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites (CICS), in association with the NOAA Environmental Visualization Laboratory, the I.M. Systems Group, and the Maryland Science Center. | https://www.noaa.gov/office-education/elp/grants/awards?f%5B0%5D=field_competition_%3A2009%3A%20ELG%20for%20Science%20On%20a%20Sphere%20Network%20Capacity%20Building&f%5B1%5D=field_competition_%3A2009%3A%20Ocean%20Education%20Grants%20for%20AZA%20Aquariums&f%5B2%5D=field_competition_%3A2010%3A%20ELG%20for%20Informal/Nonformal%20Education&f%5B3%5D=field_competition_%3A2012%3A%20NOAA%20Broad%20Agency%20Announcement%20%28with%20review%20event%29%20for%20FY%202012%20-%202013&f%5B4%5D=field_ela_state%3AFlorida&f%5B5%5D=field_ela_state%3AMaryland&f%5B6%5D=field_recipient%3AMiami%20Museum%20of%20Science%20/%20Phillip%20and%20Patricia%20Frost%20Museum%20of%20Science&f%5B7%5D=field_recipient%3ANational%20Aquarium%20/%20National%20Aquarium%20In%20Baltimore%20%28NAIB%29&f%5B8%5D=field_recipient%3AUniversity%20of%20Maryland%20/%20Cooperative%20Institute%20for%20Climate%20and%20Satellites%20%28CICS-M%29 |
Exposure to humid, musty environments can cause a variety of health effects, or none at all. Some people are sensitive to mold. For these people, exposure to mold can cause symptoms such as nasal congestion, wheezing, and redness or itching of the eyes or skin. Some people, such as those with mold allergies or asthma, may have more intense reactions.
Serious reactions can occur among workers exposed to large amounts of mold in work environments, such as farmers who work around moldy hay. Serious reactions may include fever and shortness of breath. Mold spores can easily enter your home on your shoes or clothes or through open windows or doors. If these spores find a warm, humid and humid environment, they can begin to multiply.
Soon, your home will be filled with toxic mold. If you think mold has invaded your home, look for several symptoms of mold exposure. I have witnessed mold inspectors fail to detect water damage and mold growth in patients' homes because they didn't conduct extensive research or use incorrect testing methods. The most direct way to assess mold toxicity is through a urinalysis that measures mold metabolites and mycotoxins, as well as glutathione levels (which may decrease when exposed to mold).
Researchers believe that mental health problems may be related to exposure to toxic mold, as well as to the stress of dealing with the physical symptoms of the disease caused by mold. It's important to properly clean and dry the area, as you can still have an allergic reaction to parts of the dead mold and mold contamination can recur if there's still a source of moisture. Mold sampling can be expensive, and no standards have been established to determine what is and isn't an acceptable amount of mold. So, let's discuss mold toxicity, what that actually means, and how Parsley Health takes a holistic, science-based approach to treating the symptoms of mold toxicity.
Although mold allergy is the most common problem caused by exposure to mold, mold can cause illness without an allergic reaction. The dangers posed by molds that can produce mycotoxins should be considered in the same way as other common molds that can grow in your home. Of course, everyone looks at the shower curtain, under the sink, or in the basement when thinking about mold problems, but mold can grow almost anywhere. Humans can be myotoxic because they have been exposed to mold in the past, so a “clean house” does not rule out mold disease in a human being.
When tick-borne infections and mold toxicity occur together, the disease caused by mold must be treated before tick-borne infections can be successfully treated. Exposure to mold lowers glutathione levels and is one of the most effective compounds for eliminating mycotoxins. Others have reported discovering mold growing on a wall after removing a bed or painting (mold grows where there is no light). Doctors who specialize in the disease caused by mold have focused on tests that are most effective in determining if mold is an underlying cause of a person's symptoms.
Worse yet, most doctors aren't familiar with mold disease or the symptoms of mold exposure, so it's rarely considered a diagnosis. | https://www.moldremovalcoralsprings.net/what-are-the-signs-of-mold-toxicity |
To cover the benefits of cloud-based project management tools, let’s first answer the following question:
Why should we adopt a cloud-based system for task allocation?
In the last chapter, we explored some of the shortcomings of in-house, on-site task management systems.
But, we didn’t offer any solutions to those problems. In this episode, we’ll explore some of the advantages of cloud-based task management systems.
5 Benefits Of Cloud-Based Project Management Tools In Task Allocation
- Accessible: The team leader or project manager typically carries out task decomposition. Some cloud-based applications offer templates for decomposing very big tasks. This eases the process and formats the information in a shareable way. Just in case a manager needs external support.
- Adaptable: Software adaptability is where a system learns about changes in its environment from the data it collects. Modern systems assign the most skilled teams the “critical path” tasks. Order of performance is then used to assign the remaining tasks. This methodology helps to ensure that tasks are processed faster and to the highest quality.
- Scalable: A key drawback for traditional task allocation systems was that they couldn’t accommodate extra resources. Cloud computing, on the other hand, is founded on the premise of having almost limitless resources. It boasts a level of scaleability that can be expanded to accommodate as much information as needed.
- Transparent: Most cloud-based task allocation systems are transparent in that they provide real-time progress snapshots. This feature helps the project manager monitor the progression of a task with ease, no matter how widely spread the locations are.
- Flexible: At times, team members might need updates to streamline tasks assigned to them. As we had noted in the last edition (task allocation challenges in virtual teams), in-house applications hardly get updated. And their updates could be expensive, incompatible or both. Changing integrations make some of the traditional systems obsolete after a relatively short period of time. Data formats should be flexible to allow ease of integration with other applications. A good cloud-based task management application is designed to be flexible and accommodating to such changes.
Why Oracle Prime?
Oracle Lean Scheduling Solution was the first solution to unite Lean and Critical Path Method (CPM) approaches. This enables exceptional project and business outcomes.
Prime harnesses the power of Oracle’s industry-leading Primavera P6 Enterprise Project Portfolio Management solution. It delivers enterprise-level visibility and control essential for CPM. The bottom line: complete coordination and control for more successful and profitable projects.
Integrated Lean and CPM Scheduling
Oracle Lean Scheduling Solution is an integrated platform that empowers stakeholders. It resolves lingering coordination, commitment, and community challenges and harnesses the combined power of Lean Construction and CPM.
With Prime, users can:
- The level of detail required for field execution teams was never accommodated by larger, more complex master schedules. These can be reduced.
- Place the right coordination tools in the hands of the right stakeholders. Eliminating costly re-workings, improving accountability, and reducing risk.
- Positively influence performance from the office down to the job site.
- Align stakeholder incentives with shared knowledge and common goals to drive community engagement and successful business outcomes.
- Allow the field to work the way they want while providing the enterprise-level visibility that the office requires.
Conclusion
Task allocation is a pivotal phase of project management.
It has a direct effect on both the throughput and quality of tasks delivered. As a result, it’s vital to invest adequate time and resources into the success of this phase.
There are many benefits to adopting Oracle Prime for task allocation over traditional in-house task management systems. But, if you are still uncertain, get in touch and we’ll help decide whether or not it’s right for you. | https://www.dividendtraining.co.uk/project-management-tools-benefits/ |
PROFESSIONAL PROFILE:
- Results - driven project-management professional with a proven track record in increasing productivity, quality, and customer satisfaction.
- Sixteen years’ experience developing, implementing and managing complex projects within time and budgetary constraints.
- Creative thinker and analytical problem-solver with demonstrated ability to manage projects from planning through execution/completion under the pressure of fast-paced, time-sensitive environments.
- Exceptional interpersonal communicator who effectively interacts with clients and all levels of management.
- Decisive, energetic, focused team leader/player who leads high-performing teams through implementing change and improvements.
AREAS OF EXPERTISE:
- Project methodologies
- Project initiation
- Project planning
- Project execution
- Project control
- Project closing
- Project tracking/reporting
- Agile Scrum, and Waterfall SDLCs
- Sprint definition and Scrum meetings
- Web Services
- System and Data migration
- Scope/requirements definition
- Analysis of business problems/needs
- Build strong client relationships
- Internal and external client/customer service and support
- Process change/improvement
- Tactical/strategic planning
- Risk Analysis
- VOIP, SIP technologies
- Technology integration
- Conflict management
- Problem solving
- Negotiation, persuasion and communication
- Cross-functional team building and leadership
- Cloud/SaaS environments
SOFTWARE:
- Windows, Unix, Microsoft .NET, C++, SQL Server, Visual Basic, Java, XML, ETLSaaS/Cloud Environments, MS Project Server, Service Now, Clarity
- SalesForce, Financial Force PSA, HP PPM, Jira, Aspect WFM, Verint WFMMS Project, MS SharePoint, MS Word, MS Visio, MS Excel, MS PowerPoint
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE:
Senior Project Manager Consultant
Confidential, Atlanta, GA
Responsibilities:
- Led project to upgrade Service Now from version “Istanbul” to version “ Confidential ”. This included project schedule creation, analysis of all other system connected to Service Now that would require testing, risk analysis, contingent plan while system down for upgrade, training on new version and implementation of associated modules and integrations.
- Participated in projects including System Integration ESB development, Data Migration development and execution, and Testing Infrastructure build out as part of the Enterprise Program.
- Collaborate with development to plan project sprints and participate in daily scrums.
- Responsible for creation of project schedules and coordinating multiple related projects.
- Communicate with the stakeholders Confidential multiple levels and build credibility and establish rapport.
- Keep track of ongoing projects and ensure that they are accomplished within specified time duration.
- Create project reports and presentations for weekly Executive Steering Committee meetings.
Senior Project Manager
Confidential, Atlanta, GA
Responsibilities:
- Led large teams across broad technical and business disciplines in the implementation of enterprise wide major construction software projects created in a .NET framework with budgets of $500,000-$1M.
- Met with customers to determine customizations wanted to the existing software to meet their individual needs.
- Focused teams on business objectives and tracked progress to ensure project milestones were completed on time, on budget and with the desired results.
- Mitigated risk factors through careful analysis of financial and statistical data. Anticipated and managed change effectively in rapidly evolving global business environments.
- Defined processes and tools best suited to each project. Moved between Agile and Waterfall approaches depending on project specifics and client goals, creating detailed project road maps, plans, schedules and work breakdown structures.
- Provided weekly status reports of projects to the CIO, including project schedule adherence, issues, upcoming tasks to be accomplished.
Senior Program Manager
Confidential, Alpharetta, GA
Responsibilities:
- Responsible for coordinating and performing customized technical solution implementations of a software system for delivery of activities and tasks geared toward intraday management of call center and retail employees in a SaaS environment. These projects involved technical integrations with existing ACD and WFM customer software and business resolution to maximize efficiencies when dealing with customer’s respective clients.
- Managed data and system migration projects for premise to cloud conversions as well as projects in which customers were moved from one data center to another.
- Created SOWs for all client engagements working with Sales, and technical staff to capture client requirements outlining the work to be done.
- Lead the customization effort working closely with client to ensure their requirements were met.
- Implemented Enterprise wide solutions across multiple locations within the US and abroad involving integration of existing systems with Confidential . Project teams were 25-30 resources with a budget of $2-3M.
- Agile Scrum methodology used in the .NET framework software enhancements completed during the projects. Facilitated daily standup meetings to maintain the accuracy of project schedules, setup and attended sprint planning meetings, and participated in the creation of user stories.
- Worked leading cross-functional and virtual teams in completing project tasks in a timely and efficient manner as members of the project teams.
- Managed from initiation to rollout a mobile application for use in retail stores to perform task management Confidential each of the retail locations using an iPad.
- Consulted with clients to identify key requirements, defined projects’ scope, develop project plans and schedules, and provide leadership to internal teams on project. Facilitate issue resolution. Prepare and present timely status reports to clients and internal senior management. These projects included both software and infrastructure. The software was SaaS based which required connectivity to customer sites for the purposes of task delivery. This was usually done using a secure VPN.
- Served as liaison between clients and staff, earning their confidence with reliable follow-through and clear communications.
- Managed project closures to capture lessons learned, determine areas that went well and those needing some improvement to help improve methodologies for future projects for those on the project management team.
- Implement and managed complex software development projects using Agile Scrum methodologies within time and budgetary constraints. These projects often involved multiple dependencies inclusive of other customers and vendors, including ACD and WFM connectivity to monitor for appropriate times for task delivery.
- Mentored, directed and guided project management staff to improve skills, learn from mistakes and help them to grow as employees.
Senior Project Manager
Confidential, Atlanta, GA
Responsibilities:
- Managed the implementation of systems using Agile Scrum methodology to supply parts to customers through an automated business process to improve the customer response time. This system began with either a web interface or IVR to initiate the part need and progressed through the system until delivery. Delivery time improved by 80% and thus improved customer satisfaction accordingly. Management began with inception and finished Confidential installation. This system now handles over 1000 orders per week.
- Managed the implementation of a financial services contract to develop a large credit application that was utilized by more than 300 independent banking facilities in Peru and encompassed the software for their in-house call center.
- Managed the implementation of a warehousing and logistics system for use to process over 20,000 transactions per month throughout the U.S. via VOIP communications, as well as rolling out new hardware to support their connectivity to the host site (PC’s, hubs, routers, etc.).
- Created and implemented a Software Change Management process.
- Created and implemented a Project Management company manual.
- Implemented project metrics and resource allocation dashboards.
- Created and implemented customer signoff documentation Confidential the end of projects.
- Created a database of lessons learned and had team reviews Confidential the beginning of each subsequent project.
- Created and implemented all project plans, i.e. risk, human resources, cost, scope, etc.
- Adhered to project budgets and brought projects in on time and in budget.
Project Management Consultant
Confidential, Atlanta, GA
Responsibilities:
- Managed infrastructure and network-based projects. The scale and scope of the projects range from $1M to $100M.
- These projects covered all parts of the infrastructure and networks for Confidential & Confidential and primarily encompassed capacity expansion as well as some software changes associated with these expansions working with data center managers and IP engineers.
Senior Management
Confidential, Alpharetta, GA
Responsibilities:
- Consulted with clients to identify key requirements, defined projects’ scope, developed project plans and schedules, provided leadership to internal teams on projects and daily production issues.
- Facilitated issues resolution. Prepared and presented timely status reports to clients and internal senior management.
- Project managed the transition of the software from a mainframe, Cobol system to a server based, .NET framework system.
- This involved extensive system requirement creation, development and software quality assurance.
- Directed a CMMI (Capability Maturity Model Integrated) process initiative resulting in expansion to all company departments. The outcome was a reduction of software modifications by 20%. Subsequently selected to mentor and train executive management and peers. Directed Process Improvement initiative across 300+ employees on Project Management Workflow, Software Development Life Cycle, Configuration Management, and Operations Management.
- Project managed all aspects of a merger of a purchased company. Responsibilities included in-house software integration, asset and employee integration analysis, relocation and integration of retained assets and employees, labor management/union coordination of layoffs and outplacement.
- Directed the planning, design, production and implementation of a web-based product that allowed for internet sports betting in Europe. The product was delivered on-time with resulting revenue of $200M a year.
- Directed the planning, design, production and management of online applications of $20M in computer systems, POS terminals, communications equipment, etc., for $150M in revenue. Directed similar software implementation projects in New York, Maine, Iowa, Maryland, and South Carolina as well as France, Peru, Philippines, Jamaica, Iceland and Mexico.
- Supervised project teams including programmers, web-designers, database administrators, technical support and other internal project staff. | https://www.hireitpeople.com/resume-database/81-project-manager-resumes/165144-senior-project-manager-consultant-resume-atlanta-ga |
Fall hazards were the most frequently cited violation found at New York City construction sites by OSHA during a two-week enhanced enforcement effort this past summer. As part of its New York City construction safety task force, the agency detailed 12 inspectors to conduct 96 safety inspections at 46 construction sites throughout the city from June 23 to July 3. The sites were randomly selected to encompass a cross-section of high-risk construction activities including tower cranes, high-rise construction, poured-in-place concrete operations, steel erection, gut-rehab, and other high-risk construction activities.
Citations were issued to 60 contractors for 129 violations with a total of $247,400 in proposed fines during the period. The major categories of violations cited included fall hazards (39), electrical safety (29), scaffolds (17), cranes and rigging (13), welding/gas (10), and 20 other categories covering personal protective equipment, tools, material handling, concrete, hoists, stairs and ladders.
"These violations are consistent with the types of hazards we find on far too many jobsites and cannot be written off as the inevitable by-products of an inherently dangerous profession," said Richard Mendelson, OSHA's area director in Manhattan. "OSHA will use this information to further hone its inspection targeting, so we can direct our resources to those areas where we can have the most impact."
On Aug. 7, OSHA conducted a construction stakeholder safety meeting with industry representatives in which the agency analyzed trends in construction safety violations and recommended that all parties involved in New York City construction work to "raise the bar" on safety. OSHA says the meeting and the task force are among several agency efforts planned or underway to enhance construction safety in the city. These include an ongoing cross-training alliance with the New York City Department of Buildings and sending copies of citations to project owners, developers, employers' insurers, workers' compensation carriers, and union training funds to raise awareness of occupational hazards found on city jobsites. In addition, OSHA will conduct a second round of concentrated construction inspections in the future.
"These findings reinforce the need for all parties--employers, developers, building trades, unions, and employees--to work aggressively, effectively, and continuously to minimize construction hazards," said Robert Kulick, OSHA's regional administrator in New York. "An effective approach is implementing and maintaining an effective safety and health management system through which employers and employees work together to identify and eliminate work-related hazards."
Learn how to harness the power of your safety data and level up your incident management program – leading to better injury prevention and operational performance.
Learn how companies are allocating resources to in-person vs. virtual audits, how to overcome common virtual auditing challenges, and which technologies to leverage in a first-of-its kind report from NAEM on the state of virtual EHS audits.
Read the new benchmark report by independent analyst firm, Verdantix, to get an unbiased comparison of the 22 most prominent EHS software vendors in the industry and what to consider when evaluating solutions.
Learn best practices and recommendations from EHS experts to leap over the major hurdles involved in setting up a reliable virtual audit process.
Learn why health and safety will weigh more heavily in investors’ assessments of company performance post- pandemic and how to streamline your health and safety reporting within ESG frameworks.
SPONSORED
Episode 65
Featuring: | https://ohsonline.com/articles/2008/10/9-osha-task-force-fall-hazards-no-1.aspx |
According to OSHA, workplace accidents and fatalities involving Hispanic workers have been on the rise in the last decade—the overall rate of increase from just 10 years ago is 35%. This statistic is particularly alarming because fatal workplace accidents among the general population actually declined by 20% during the same time period. Not surprisingly, a majority of fatalities occurred in the construction industry. And these fatalities are directly tied to poor construction communication.
Although technology often makes headlines today for disrupting relationships and negatively impacting how we communicate, technology in the workplace actually has a beneficial impact on communications. In fact, in the construction industry, the right software not only improves and facilitates communication—forging connections and making it easy for teams from diverse backgrounds to collaborate with ease—but also saves lives.
A glance at of some of the unique challenges faced by the construction industry and how technology is building bridges between the field and the office reveals just how much construction software is changing the way we communicate. Language and team collaboration issues can all be addressed with the right software and technology—from a greatly enhanced ability to collaborate to a drastically reduced risk of injury for your Spanish speaking workers, technology can have a huge impact on the way you do business and the way you work with your teams.
3 Common Worksite Communication Challenges
A disconnect between the “suits” and the “boots on the ground”: The old-school clipboard and pen were replaced by punch lists and cell phones—and later Excel sheets, email, and texting. While each improvement allowed workers and managers to interact more effectively, problems remained. Emailing, paging, and texting solved the problem of trying to talk on the phone at a noisy, busy job site, but since multiple team members could text at the same time, there was no way to gather the data in one place or quickly disseminate it to everyone who needed it. This caused delays as teams were simply not able to effectively communicate or track changes or progress—someone still had to go back in and collect all that data, update the file and hopefully relay every new bit of information to the rest of the team.
Construction software takes communication to the next level, allowing for enhanced and improved communication between project managers and those actually performing the work. By providing one central location for the project to live and making it easy for those in the field or working onsite to instantly access and edit the details, everyone could have the latest, most up to date information about any given project.
Misunderstandings about design, implementation, or field conditions that arise in the field: Technology facilitates construction communication between team members, making it easy for everyone to collaborate and solve problems. The ability to easily attach media files directly to the project so that anyone who needs to can view them ensures that you’re not relying on verbal descriptions to relay important details:
“A big pipe is in the way,” tells the listener that there is a problem, but fails to provide enough detail for anyone to come up with an actionable solution.
“A three-inch pipe is blocking our way; it is about six inches below the surface and not on the plans” is much better, but still lacks detail. What way is the pipe running? What does it look like and what other unexpected items are there? Trying to describe the location, direction and overall look of an issue is a challenge when you don’t have visuals.
“As you can see in the picture and video, the pipe is blocking our way. It is 3 inches wide and about six inches below the surface. Pause the video at 2.45 to get a good look at the angle” is much more detailed and helpful and gives the person with the authority to make a decision the information they need to do so, such as “Do we need to issue an RFI?”
Hispanic workers face an increased risk of injury or death, thanks to onsite language barriers: Of all the things that construction software can do to facilitate a project, the safety enhancements it offers are invaluable and help you cut a very real risk. About 30% of the workers on any given project or site don’t speak English at all; this communication and language barrier poses a very real risk to these team members. Construction software can bridge the communication gap and ensure that Hispanic workers do not face greater safety challenges or issues than the English-speaking members of your team.
From enhancing collaboration to providing real time video and photographs and ensuring that all team members are safe, no matter what language they speak, technology is changing the construction workplace for the better. Here’s how technology is tackling the challenges detailed above and making the construction industry a better, more productive and safer place for all involved.
3 Ways Technology is Enhancing Construction Communication
Team Silos and Communication
Do the people actually doing the work communicate well with the home office or off-site management team – or is there a disconnect? Concepts and plans can be relayed with ease when you use construction software to facilitate communication.
When your jobsite team can easily open and access everything they need right on the jobsite, make notes and markup any issues directly into the project itself, construction communication and collaboration are naturally enhanced. The construction team actually doing the work can get a good idea of what the design is intended to look like; they’ll also be able to ask questions or get clarification before proceeding.
Your office side team will be able to swiftly answer requests and clarify anything they need to; if something unexpected comes up once work commences, having a single platform for communication and one central location for the project details makes it easy for everyone to see what is going on, what is needed and what the most recent status of the project is.
Enhanced communication is about more than just problem-solving; a construction app or software allows information to be automatically entered and tracked. If you have been manually entering information and data or using multiple tools to do so, then construction software can help streamline your processes and make it easy for everyone on your team to access your data and provide any feedback they need to.
Construction software designed to support construction communication and collaboration can go where your team does. In the office, project managers and your management team can update punch lists as needed and assign work to subs and specialists right away. On the job site, your team is just a tablet or smartphone away from being able to access all project details, allowing them to work more efficiently and productively.
Since workers can actually input, access and even edit information right from the job site, your office team can have real time information about every project you are working on. Notifications prompt workers to take action or alert them of changes, ensuring that you don’t have idle or downtime on the jobsite.
Your management team can also prioritize projects or actions and deploy teams as needed to move projects along or facilitate a deadline. By having all of your information in one place, you make it easy for your team to understand the status of each job, make real time decisions and then relay any changes directly to the team actually doing the work.
Remote Construction Communication Allows for Real Time Collaboration
Is everyone on your team actually present at the job site or in the same time zone—or will someone have to drive over to check out a minor detail? That drive may not seem like a huge deal, but depending on just how far away you are from the site and how essential your input is, the entire project could grind to a halt while everyone waits for you to arrive.
Remote communication that allows workers on site to provide detailed photographs and videos to the team that needs to make decisions can vastly reduce the amount of downtime you experience. It can also help your management team make real-time decisions when they matter most and get near-instant input from the team on site.
In addition to getting a detailed look at any issues or problems that could arise. The ability to collaborate on more than one project at a time or to share information between teams can help everyone work more efficiently. By capturing images in real time via photographs or video, the onsite team can accurately portray a need or showcase a problem. Describing a situation over the phone without visual aids can be a challenge.
You don’t need to have everyone on the site struggle with capturing photos and then texting them to you – that gets confusing in a hurry. Instead, the right construction software allows for seamless uploading and integration of photos and video, which can then be viewed by other team members and anyone who needs a timely and accurate look at the site.
Language Issues Have a Big Impact on Construction Communication
A recent study conducted by the Partnership for Achieving Construction Excellence found that the English-Spanish language barrier is one of the greatest challenges facing the construction industry today. The disconnect between laborers, subcontractors, and contractors can often be traced directly back to the language problem; language issues can lead to an increased safety risk, lowered efficiency and misunderstandings, and strife in the work zone.
We’re already facing a shortage of skilled workers in the construction industry; according to the Bureau of Labor and Statistics, construction employment is expected to continue increasing each year. As the United States workforce becomes more diverse and Hispanic workers continue to make up more of the construction workforce, the English-Spanish language barrier becomes a problem.
Overcoming the Language Barrier and Improving Safety
Spanish-speaking workers make up about 30% of the workforce on any given project or jobsite; since they face an inherently higher risk of injury, taking steps to mitigate that risk by improving communication can have a big impact on your overall safety statistics.
OSHA attributes the rise in workplace accidents for immigrant or non-English speaking workers in large part to a language barrier. When workers speak Spanish, not English, but safety instructions and operator training are conducted with English language materials, essential details can be missed, leading to a higher risk of accident and injury.
How can you create a safer workplace for Hispanic workers and tradesmen? There are a few steps you can take to drastically improve your ability to communicate with these at-risk workers. As the number of Latino workers in construction fields continues to rise, creating and implementing strategies to improve construction communication is essential. Consider implementing one or more of these ideas to enhance communication and safety on your job sites:
Offer or even Require ESL Training
From online instruction to actual classes, English as a Second Language programs can enhance the skills of your Spanish speaking workers. As they learn, they can more readily understand the English-speaking workers on your job site, be better equipped to understand and follow directions and even become less likely to be injured because they do not understand how to operate your equipment. This is not an immediate solution, but one that will improve morale and communication abilities on your worksite over time.
Increase Hands-On Training
Have your supervisors walk new workers through your processes and ensure they know to safely operate all equipment on your site. Using an app to facilitate construction communication with Spanish-speaking workers can ensure they fully understand everything they need to know. Construction software like PlanGrid can facilitate communication and ensure your Spanish-speaking workers are facing an increased risk of accident or injury.
Help English-speaking Supervisors Communicate
Offering Spanish as a second language programming can help your team more effectively communicate with all workers, not just the ones who speak English. Toolbox talks, safety meetings, and job site training is far more effective when materials are accessible in both English and Spanish. Using construction software with enhanced communication features can also help your management team communicate with all workers on your site.
Cultural awareness training can also help English speaking team members learn more about working with and communicating with the Hispanic members of your team. Learning more about the Latino culture can create a more harmonious workplace; according to OSHA, increased cultural awareness can also help reduce the number of fatalities and injuries that befall the Hispanic workforce.
By improving your ability to communicate and collaborate, making it easy to share important media, and reducing the problems caused by a language barrier, technology is making the construction zone a safer, better place for all involved and facilitating better outcomes for projects of all sizes. In short, improving construction communication will not only improve your team’s productivity, but will also save lives. | https://blog.plangrid.com/2017/08/how-technology-can-facilitate-better-construction-communication-on-jobsites/ |
Extensive experience in media, software, and hospitality industries for over fifteen years.
Skills set include Project Coordinator, Business Analyst, and Data Analyst.
Strengths include project management, Agile/Scrum methodology, software development life cycle, gathering business requirements, data analysis, end-to-end testing, User Acceptance Testing, defect management, quality assurance, and knowledge of IT Infrastructure.
Excellent communication skills – bilingual (English and Spanish).
Strong learning agility, multi-tasking, and interpersonal skills.
Strong communication and critical thinking skills.
Detail-oriented; enthusiastic team player.
Great time management and prioritization, work well under pressure and deadlines.
Ability to work in a fast-paced environment while maintaining quality performance.
TECHNICAL PROFICIENCIES
Applications:
CA Clarity (Project Management Tool)
Clarizen (Project Management Software)
HP Application Lifecycle Management
HP Quality Center
IBM ClearCase,
IBM Rational Team Concert
IBM Rational Requirements Composer
JIRA
Microsoft Office
Salesforce
ServiceNow (IT Service Management)
SharePoint
Toad SQL Server
VersionOne (Agile Project Management Tool)
Vignette’s Content Management Software
Languages: Understanding of HTML, SQL, and XML
RELEVANT EXPERIENCE
The Walt Disney Company 08/10 - Present
*Multiple Roles
Disney Technology Solution and Services (DTSS) 02/17 - Present
Engaged as a Project Coordinator:
Schedule server migrations and coordinate network maintenance windows across multiple business segments.
Navigate Change Advisory Board (CAB) and Change Control.
Communicate directly with customers and coordinate outage approvals.
Manage and support cloud-based server migrations.
Project management coordination with multiple vendors.
Support Networking teams to shut down and decommission old servers.
Communicate with end users, providing timely updates on outstanding issues.
Maintain ownership of all assigned issues and requests until successfully completed.
Walt Disney Parks and Resorts Technology, Orlando, FL 08/12 – 12/16
While engaged as a Project Coordinator/Business Analyst:
Managed end-to-end enterprise agile lifecycle in VersionOne, an agile project management tool.
BA support to business and technical teams, including global project teams, for agile sprint planning, sprint scheduling, and gathering UAC.
Facilitated developer demos and coordinate team retrospectives.
Supported defect management and coordinate resolution; including triage during end-to-end system testing and User Acceptance Testing.
Provided weekly project status report for the Project Management Office (PMO).
Managed onboarding and setup project dashboards in agile software applications.
Assisted users with their team dashboards, including training in project management tool.
Provided BA Support and manage incidents for new releases during Hypercare, stabilization period after go-live.
Administrator support for two IBM Rational Jazz applications: Rational Team Concert (RTC) and Rational Requirements Composer (RRC).
While engaged as a Data Analyst:
Analyzed and resolved defects as they arrive into the team’s queue in HP Quality Center.
Identified data errors to provide ongoing appropriate team communication.
Conducted data comparison to determine the best course of action to correct inconsistency across databases.
Tracked defects, tasks, and change requests assigned to our team, making sure their DDL scripts, entered in ClearCase, ran across all environments within releases to maintain data integrity.
Acted as the liaison between business partners and the technical team for delivery of new projects and/or change requests.
Documented and analyzed business requirements and processes.
Walt Disney Parks and Resorts Technology (Disney Cruise Line), Orlando, FL 08/10 – 02/12
Business Analyst/Data Analyst
Analyzed data, for the One Source team, for the launch of the content management system to the Disney Cruise Line organization.
Gathered Disney Cruise Line’s business requirements and developed functional specifications.
Used Quality Center to track system defects, solution design, and executed end-to-end system and functionality testing.
Created content type definitions, business processes, and redefined content ownership.
Involved in the installation of the system platform and the delivery of content via web services to feed guest-facing print material (Personal Navigators).
Implemented data for the digital signage onboard the ships, as well as satellite synchronization between the four ships that form part of the Disney Cruise Line’s fleet and the shore-side databases.
Assisted with the data migration and technical support for the redesign of the Disney Cruise Line’s Intranet site.
Tracked defects through SharePoint.
RedTeam Software/T&G Corporation, Orlando, FL 04/09 – 03/10
Business Data Analyst/QA Analyst
Worked with clients to acquire their data to meet software implementation specs.
Formatted clients’ data according to database specifications, using client-requirements.
Coordinated with the Database Administrator to migrate data and assured data accuracy.
Issued weekly status reports regarding Data Collection and Data Preparation processes.
Assisted clients with issues as they arose, as well as on-site training, improving new users’ application performance.
Used Visio to create flowcharts to show steps for new business processes for different teams in Operations, such as Development and QA.
Managed testing environment by implementing and providing input for test plans and data validation.
Created test scenarios and reviewed test cases, including functional and regression testing, reducing the number of software errors by 50%.
Reported bugs, tracked defects, and resolved issues with the developers.
Participated and walked-through new software designs with software developers.
Coordinated construction scheduling and act as a liaison to project management concerning bids, subcontracting, permitting, progress and delays.
Responsible to enter and update estimates, materials, purchase orders, task orders, and expense authorizations in our software system.
Contacted vendors/subcontractors to request and coordinated services as directed for each project.
Aided in developing and disbursement of construction bid packages.
Hewitt (AON), Orlando, FL 08/07- 03/08
Client Acceptance Analyst (QA) – Implementations
Delivered clear analysis, test plans, and standard operating procedures, which accurately reflect the technical capacities of the system and address the requirements/specs of the client.
Updated and delivered unit, integration, regression, and acceptance test plans.
Assisted with the deployment (or migration) of new system updates into the production environment.
Designed test plans (unit, integration, regression, and acceptance) and incorporate recommended updates into test plans.
Reviewed analysis and test plan documentation and evaluate the results of test execution.
Channel Intelligence, Inc. (Acquired by Google), Orlando, FL 08/06 – 11/08
Technical Support, Client Services, and QA Analyst
Served as a liaison between clients and the IT team to resolve client issues and implement long and short term solutions.
Reported and tracked defects; resolved internal system issues with software developers.
Managed client implementations; including follow-ups, analysis, and technical support.
Created support cases, and managed operations department’s queues in Salesforce.
Tracked and published statistics; reported on progress, issues, and sales opportunities.
Monitored client requests by phone and email, while managing client expectations.
QA’d manufacturers’ content appearing on retailers’ sites, including all media content that our software developers created.
Univision Communications, Inc., Miami, FL 07/02 – 08/06
Business Systems Analyst
While engaged as a Business System Analyst:
Documented users’ software change requests and application enhancements.
Served as a liaison between web content editors and development team.
Coordinated and managed work processes flows to improve communication among departments.
Reviewed, analyzed, and evaluated business requirements, and user needs.
Consulted with management to ensure agreement on system principles.
Trained new users to use our Content Management System.
While engaged as an Advertising Online Traffic Coordinator:
Managed over 30 online advertising campaigns.
Tested online campaigns published to production environment.
Reviewed incoming sales orders and contracts for online delivery accuracy.
Worked with Sales and Client Services teams to ensure successful ad campaign launches. | https://www.postjobfree.com/resume/ac13sl/liaison-content-agile-qa-winter-park-fl |
We Want You:
We are on the search for a Facilities and Operations Manager. Are you a self-starter with a “get things done” attitude? Do you have amazing communication skills and pay close attention to even the smallest of details? Then we are looking for you to come to manage the day-to-day operations of our offices!
The successful candidate will liaise with the various role players on new construction and renovation projects and manage the continued renovation and improvement of existing facilities. We will trust you with responsibilities ranging from working with our internal clients in developing the brief, providing the conceptual design with the BET Software Team, and managing the project from start to finish on BET’s behalf.
This includes all phases of construction, continued renovation of spaces according to our strategic plans, and the ongoing improvement and development of our Strategic Facilities Maintenance Plan. If you’re a reliable individual who wants to play an essential role in ensuring that all business facilities are maintained to the required standards and best practices, then this is an opportunity you don’t want to miss.
You Bring:
- At least two years’ experience managing facilities/office operations.
- At least two years’ administration experience within a building, facility, or office operational environment.
- At least two years’ experience leading/managing building, facilities, or office management personnel.
- Proficient with Microsoft Suite.
- Relevant qualification or equivalent years of experience.
- Experience with building maintenance, upkeep, and improvements.
- Experience in vendor management, space planning and workplace design.
- General understanding of real estate forecasting and lease management.
- General understanding of move scenario planning and execution.
- What You’ll Do
- Oversee and manage the Teams’ agreements and building providers for services including security, parking, cleaning, catering, technology and so on.
- Managing multi-disciplinary Teams including office management, housekeeping, maintenance, grounds, security etc. Forecasting, allocating and supervising the financial and physical resources of the facility management.
- Liaise and collaborate with all role players internally and externally on maintenance, renovation and construction projects throughout the year.
- Ensure ongoing maintenance of building assets to ensure optimal functions of the buildings including plumbing, electrical and HVAC.
- Work with appropriate third-party providers to ensure constant service and supply of infrastructure.
- Managing budgets and ensuring cost-effectiveness and advising businesses on increasing energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness.
- Review and manage all contracts and SLAs in relation to facilities management and maintenance and maintain ongoing communication with contractors, clients, and Team.
- Participate as a member of the Operations Team, and where required, as a member of the Facilities Team addressing the long-term planning needs.
- Manage the upkeep of equipment and supplies to meet health and safety standards.
- Inspect buildings’ structures to determine the need for repairs or renovations.
- Review utilities consumption and strive to minimise costs.
- Oversees and supervises the quality of work for other reporting Team Members to ensure that all tasks are performed correctly, efficiently and effectively.
- Oversee and guide the allocation and management of space between buildings.
- Ensuring that facilities meet government regulations and environmental, health and security standards.
- Assist businesses in relocating to new offices and making lease decisions. Making written recommendations and drafting reports.
- Creating and implementing office standardisations and processes.
- Oversee the building’s look and feel to maintain a professional brand image.
- Ensure purchasing of office and production supplies, materials, equipment, and services following company purchasing policies and budgetary restrictions.
- Actively lead projects as assigned.
- Oversees and maintains supplies by checking stock to determine inventory levels; anticipating requirements; placing and expediting orders; verifying receipts; stocking items; delivering supplies to workstations.
- Ensure the approval process is adhered to with vendors and outside services to ensure timely delivery and completion of materials and services, and to obtain timely quotes from multiple sources.
- Enhances the organisation’s reputation by accepting ownership for accomplishing new and different requests; exploring opportunities to add value to job accomplishments.
- The Company We Keep:
- At BET Software, we don’t just recruit talent, we cultivate it. Our learning and development programmes, our various opportunities for growth, and our well-deserved incentives are what keep our All-Star Team the best among the rest.
- Please note only candidates who meet the minimum requirements will be considered.
- If you have not been contacted within 30 days, kindly consider your application to be unsuccessful. | https://jobplace24.com/jobs/facilities-operations-manager-required/ |
Take a look at your current operating procedures. How long does it take your company to restructure and switch between design styles or projects? The construction industry as a whole isn’t generally the most agile, often remaining quite hidebound and set in their ways, content to let the rest of the world move on without them. Agile construction and project management are beginning to emerge as a way to keep things moving forward as the world continues to advance. What is agile construction, and why should you consider adopting it in your business?
Starting with Agile Development
Agile manufacturing and building methods emerged in the automotive and software development industries to cope with the continually changing and often turbulent environment. The creators chose the term agile as the best way to describe the need for adaptiveness within their sectors. At its core, agile development is a series of principles and values designed to create self-organizing teams and foster collaboration. The ultimate goal is to build a system that can adapt to anything that the ever-changing industry can throw at it.
This doesn’t eliminate the need for managers or supervisors to run the overall program, but instead of micromanaging every step of the process, in an agile development system, managers just provide the framework and step back, allowing and trusting their teams to figure out the best way to solve the problem and deliver the finished product.
Software is a very non-linear development process. You can build different pieces of a program out of order and have them easily slot together in the end into a functional program. Construction doesn’t work that way, which has led many to believe that it might be ill-suited for agile management techniques, but this is one of those rare cases where opposites attract.
Making Construction Agile
Typically, the construction industry is the antithesis of agile, but even industries steeped in tradition can benefit from the addition of a bit of agility. These might seem like two opposed concepts, with agile development focusing on constantly checking and changing processes depending on what is needed at the moment and construction tending to stick to the same tried and true practices, but with a bit of tweaking, the two can work together.
Some rules in construction will never be agile, such as the order of construction. You can’t start building the roof before you pour the foundation, for example. You also will not be able to put off major decisions until late in the construction process, which is a tenant of agile development that works with software development but is harder to apply in the real world where things like gravity exist. You can change how you approach each of these steps as you move through the construction process.
instead of sticking to the same inventory management plan you’ve always used, consider applying agility principles. Continually check and re-check your inventory management procedures to ensure they’re optimized. This will likely include but isn’t limited to keeping detailed records of your inventory and investing in new technology, such as project management software, to help fill in the gaps and keep things moving forward.
Agility in Project Management
Project management software is another tool beginning to emerge to streamline the construction industry as a whole, and construction management in particular, and make it more agile. While delays and cost overruns aren’t always avoidable, planning and project management software can make it easier to prevent more of these problems and keep projects moving forward.
While the construction process is sequential out of necessity, since we currently can’t violate laws like physics and gravity to build houses and larger structures out of order, the planning and design process can significantly benefit from agility in management. Design problems are quick and inexpensive to fix, but once you start pouring concrete or building wood frames, fixing these same problems becomes infinitely more expensive. Case studies have shown that companies that adopted agile construction and project management techniques and tenets were more successful in multiple examples, completing technical milestones and meeting performance indicators on the schedule.
The Future of Agile Construction
Agile development techniques might be well known in software development and automotive engineering circles, but it’s just beginning to make an appearance in other industries. Construction, usually thought to be linear and inflexible, can benefit greatly from the tenants of agile development.
You can’t take the construction process and turn it on its head, but you can make the most of the information that you have available and use it to create an efficient and effective team for any project that might cross your desk. Take a closer look at your current operating procedures and see where you might be able to make the necessary changes or what aspects of your operation could benefit from being a little more flexible. | https://www.psoda.com/global/2021/08/16/a-beginners-guide-to-agile-construction/ |
- The role exists primarily to achieve automation of all the organization’s business processes and the introduction of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into some of its core services.
- The Process Automation Officer will be charged with understanding and applying new automation processes as they become available and will have to leverage automation to streamline the information technology processes.
- The Process Automation Officer will take charge of automating and implementing the organization’s business processes using MS Flow, PowerApps, and other automation tools. Communication skills will be very important since he / she will need to champion cross-departmental efforts to help streamline business processes.
Responsibilities
- Analyze business operations to determine opportunities to streamline and automate business processes using MS Flow, Power App, and other automation and AI tools
- Integrate SharePoint applications into other Office 365 applications (Teams, Delve, Sway, Stream, Power BI, etc.)
- Keeping the company’s intranet refreshed with up to date designs
- Work with content to build and / or modify lists, libraries, pages, subsites and configure site features to provide users with views within SharePoint
- Drive project planning sessions with units / stakeholders within the organization
- Develop process maps to understand As-Is and To-Be scenarios
- Manage and prioritize tasks and time and provide regular status updates
- Document changes to the systems using change management best practices whilst keeping updated project documentation
- Identify bugs and resolve quality issues detected in automated processes.
- Install applications and databases relevant to automation systems
- Administer and support other services like SharePoint, Teams, etc
- Keep up with new trends in technology and practices
- Manage all other tasks that will be assigned
Qualifications
- Bachelor’s degree in Computer Science or Software Engineering
- MOSS or WSS certification is an added advantage
- Experience of M365 tools including Power Automate and Power BI
- Previous experience as a SharePoint Developer and ability to develop applications and workflows in SharePoint Online and SharePoint 2016
- A good understanding of C#, ASP.NET, and .NET Frameworks
- Ability to solve software issues
- Ability to project manage
- Must have 4-6 years work experience.
Competencies:
- Effective communication skills, written and verbal
- Demonstrated desire to work as a part of a high performing team
- Proven ability to operate effectively in a geographically diverse environment
- Demonstrated customer relationship management skills
- A proven track record of self-development Detail and process orientated Self-motivated.
Method of Application
Interested and qualified candidates should send their CV to: [email protected] using the “Job title” as subject of the email. | https://jobsnga.com/jobs/office-365-automation-specialist-at-global-accelerex-limited/ |
Kwadwo Sarkodie and Joseph Otoo of Mayer Brown in London explain the process of delivering successful energy and infrastructure projects in sub-Saharan Africa, which includes stronger risk management.
Nowhere is the lack of infrastructure felt to be more crucial and potentially transformational than in sub-Saharan Africa. The region’s energy and infrastructure sector is vital to its future development yet remains underinvested, as previously reported by African Law & Business. To achieve the rates of growth necessary to meet the needs of the new generation of consumers and a growing middle class, over the next decade, African countries will need to expand and upgrade their ports, roads, railways, electricity generation, water purification and distribution systems and telecom systems.
However, the scale and complexity of delivering large energy and infrastructure projects on time and within budget presents considerable challenges, and carries significant risk for host governments, investors and contractors alike. The factors to consider and the risks to price are significant and multi-faceted.
Energy and infrastructure projects in sub-Saharan Africa in many instances occur in geographically remote and technically challenging locations, which means increased complexity and, critically, increased risk. Those involved in financing and delivering such projects take on significant risks. There is uncertainty in relation to particular design solutions, uncertainty as to the eventual scope of the works and uncertainty as to the time periods that will be required to complete the project.
The challenge is to identify, price and then try to manage the risks through the contract framework and in the project execution. While project delivery risks are numerous and to some extent depend on the particular project, there are some key considerations which apply across all projects and which relate to how the risks of time, costs and quality are allocated, and just as importantly, when disputes do arise, how they are resolved.
To identify more precisely the practical and financial consequences of risks on a project, the contract and its framework ought to be used as a risk management tool. The best practice is to ensure, to the fullest extent possible, the efficient allocation of risk among the project participants. The rule of thumb here is that the party that can control, manage, or absorb a particular project risk is usually the best party to accept that risk.
However, risk management is not aimed at removing all risks from projects, its primary aim is to ensure that risks are controlled and mitigated against most efficiently. The key aim is to use the contractual framework to reduce uncertainty or provide mechanisms for action when particular uncertainties eventuate into reality. It is, therefore, important that those mechanisms must in themselves be as clear as possible.
Early contractor involvement is often a combination of collaborative contracting with a more traditional design and build model. This approach may take many forms but in its most common form, it involves the contractor working closely with the owner through the initial stages of the project to develop design and cost models. Adopting such an approach can bring benefits to all parties, as it will enable both the owner and the contractor to appropriately allocate risk and reduce costs well ahead of the construction phase.
Successful project execution teams need to rely on collaboration, which in turn necessarily relies on fluid and open communications across all stakeholders of a project. A key best practice approach here is to develop and implement an overarching communication protocol which seeks to streamline communications and facilitate the transfer of project information between participants and across different technology platforms. This should not only facilitate improved by the influx of knowledge and expertise of the team, but also foster a culture of open communication and mind-set of ownership across all stakeholders.
There is a tendency for parties delivering large scale projects to focus on meeting each construction milestone, while neglecting to adequately prepare for final completion, which is then followed by the commissioning and start-up phases. The focus on completing the works sometimes means those who come after to operate the project do not have adequate information regarding the design or what decisions were made as the construction phases progressed.
To address this, suitable transition planning between the construction and start-up teams must be undertaken well ahead of the construction completion date. Best practice is to have key individuals involved in the back end commissioning and start up involved much earlier in the project. This will ensure the commissioning and start up teams know much more about the project, how it was designed and the problems which arose during the construction phases.
Disputes are not inevitable on such projects, although given their nature and inherent risk for all involved, they are common. Parties should consider in advance the desired forum and method of dispute resolution. There is a wide spectrum of dispute resolution techniques available to parties involved in a construction project ranging from negotiation and mediation, to more formal methods such as dispute adjudication boards, litigation and arbitration. Each method has its own particular advantages and disadvantages and care must be taken to tailor a dispute resolution strategy appropriate for the project and the parties.
The successful delivery of bankable projects creates benefits not only to the host country and its population, but to investors and contractors with the foresight, patience and will to see these projects through to successful completion.
However, the challenge of delivering such projects means adequate preparation is required to ensure risks are identified and managed as effectively and efficiently as possible. As can be seen from the above, this involves adequate planning with respect to the contract strategy, increased collaboration early on in a project, open information exchange and transparent communication channels. In this way, as energy and infrastructure investment gradually increases across sub-Saharan Africa, the resultant projects will be able to continue to drive the region's growth for the benefit of the local population and the wider world.
Kwadwo Sarkodie is a partner and Joseph Otoo is a senior associate in Mayer Brown International's construction & engineering and international arbitration groups, based in London. | https://www.africanlawbusiness.com/news/7739-getting-the-execution-right |
An ERP project is no small undertaking. It requires strategic planning, a thorough software selection, proactive data management, and a variety of other critical success factors.
If you’re just beginning this journey, it helps to have a basic overview of each of these components. Here’s some ERP advice for organizations in any phase of the ERP project lifecycle.
Tips for the Software Selection Phase
When you decide to pursue an ERP implementation, you may be surprised to find how many software solutions on the market. Here are a few tips to help you succeed at ERP software selection.
Know Your “Why” and Your “How”
Before you begin comparing different types of ERP software, determine exactly why your organization needs an ERP platform.
Are you ready to transform your manual efforts and streamline your back-office processes? Do you want to make your teams more productive and improve communication to cut down on departmental siloes?
In any case, the first task is to assemble a dedicated project team. Together, these employees, managers, and stakeholders will build a business case for your project, work to achieve organizational alignment, and create assignments to ensure everything stays on track.
Once your project team is in place, build an ERP selection team to support it. These employees will assist your project team members with selection-specific tasks, such as attending vendor demos and gathering software requirements.
It’s important to have a resource on your selection team who has ERP experience. They will remain vendor-neutral throughout the process and can help you evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of each option.
Selection & Process Improvement Case Study
In helping the client get its project back on track, one of our primary focus areas was decreasing their customization needs by improving their processes to align with the system's best practices.
Determine Your Requirements
Once your teams are in place, the next step is to determine what you need the system to do. If you’re new to the ERP realm, the easiest and most effective way to do this is to perform business process mapping of your current workflows.
This exercise works as it sounds. Go through each department and illustrate the chain of command, describing how reporting works, and how data is exchanged at every point. As you do so, it becomes easier to see where potential problems are happening. You may notice how wires can get crossed, miscommunication can occur, and pain points can arise. Then, think about how you’d like the ERP system to correct these issues.
This step is called business process reengineering. You’re not looking to create new processes from scratch at this phase, but rather perfect and correct the ones you’re currently using.
In addition to this step, you can also gather requirements by talking to others within your organization, such as your subject matter experts, or SMEs. As you gather thoughts and opinions, it’s important for everyone to have the opportunity to voice their ideas. However, your project team has the ultimate say in which ones become official business requirements.
Plan Your Data Strategy
You could have the best ERP system in the world, but if your data strategy isn’t up to par, you won’t notice an improvement once you go live. In fact, you might find that operations are even more difficult to carry out.
Chances are, your data is currently spread among various systems. Create a plan that explains how to gather it, cleanse it thoroughly, and migrate it into the ERP system.
While your data should be ready before implementation, ERP vendors will rarely clean and organize it for you. Allocate plenty of time and money to this phase, as it usually winds up costing more and taking longer than teams anticipate.
Know What to Prioritize
As you build a list of potential ERP vendors, there are certain features to keep in mind. Here are the top criteria to consider:
• ERP industry experience
• Project cost
• Vendor reputation
• Vendor viability
• Scalability
Schedule ERP demos to learn about each solution. The final phases include negotiating with vendors and setting realistic expectations around what the project will entail.
Succeeding With ERP Implementation
Once you’ve chosen your ERP vendor, you’re ready to start implementing the system that will bring you real business growth. There are six phases in this process.
Phase 1: Plan
Don’t discount the importance of a robust planning phase. Review the business requirements and key performance indicators (KPIs) that you set during ERP selection and make sure they’re still realistic, measurable, and relevant. Make any necessary changes, and make sure everyone agrees on the updates.
Phase 2: Design
In the design phase, create a blueprint for how the ERP project will go. When you defined your requirements earlier, you hadn’t nailed down a vendor yet. Now that you have one in place, you can fine-tune those requirements to meet the software’s specs.
Share your blueprint with your ERP vendor and make sure their system possesses the right functionality to make it work.
Phase 3: Build
During the build phase, your project team and vendor take your requirements and configure the ERP software to meet them. Along the way, they’ll conduct unit test cases to make sure everything is working as expected. This helps them catch bugs in the code early on, so bigger issues don’t arise down the road.
Phase 4: Test
There are many types of testing that need to occur during your implementation, including:
• Process testing
• Systems integration testing
• User acceptance testing
• Performance testing
The main factor to check is the percentage of passing cases that you achieve. You want to eliminate all bugs ASAP, so they don’t interfere with your go-live date.
Phase 5: Deploy
The deploy phase is about preparing your production environment. Create a solid cutover plan that details exactly how you’ll move away from the existing systems and take the new ERP platform live.
This is also the time to focus on final end-user training, ensuring that everyone knows how to use the system. Frequent training is a critical part of organizational change management (OCM) and helps reduce workplace resistance.
Phase 6: Optimize
Your implementation doesn’t stop once you go live. When real users are actively using the system, this is the best time to perform performance benchmarking. Analyze what’s working and what isn’t, and put steps in place to monitor and improve operations.
Put This ERP Advice Into Practice
With this ERP advice, you can confidently move forward with your project and build a strong foundation for lasting success.
At Panorama Consulting, we know what it takes to achieve a successful ERP implementation. From the very first phases to the final cutover, go-live, and beyond, we’re your trusted partners in digital transformation.
Contact one of our ERP consultants below to learn more about the services we can provide to help you on this journey! | https://www.panorama-consulting.com/erp-advice/ |
Job Vacancy- Systems Administrator
Duma Works is recruiting a Systems Administrator for one of our clients. The company is one of the company’s in Kenya that is charged with the management and administration of a domain.
Location: Nairobi
Responsibility
The Systems Administrator (SA) is responsible for effective provisioning, installation/configuration,operation and maintenance of systems hardware and software and related infrastructure. The SA will ensure that system hardware, operating systems, software systems and related procedures adhere to organisational values, enabling staff, volunteers and partners.
Duties and Responsibilities
1. Managing the registry system
2. Maintains organization’s effectiveness and efficiency by defining, delivering, and supporting strategic plans for implementing information technologies.
3. Directs technological research by studying organization goals, strategies, practices, and user projects.
4. Completes projects by coordinating resources and timetables with user departments and data centre.
5. Verifies application results by conducting system audits of technologies implemented.
6. Preserves assets by implementing disaster recovery and back-up procedures and information security and
control structures.
7. Recommends information technology strategies, policies, and procedures by evaluating organization
outcomes; identifying problems; evaluating trends; anticipating requirements.
8. Accomplishes financial objectives by forecasting requirements; preparing an annual budget; scheduling
expenditures; analysing variances; initiating corrective action.
9. Maintains quality service by establishing and enforcing organization standards.
10. Maintains professional and technical knowledge by attending educational workshops; reviewing
professional publications; establishing personal networks; benchmarking state-of-the-art practices; participating in
professional societies.
11. Contributes to team effort by accomplishing related results as needed.
12. Evaluate, create, change, and delete user accounts per request and ensuring that ICT facilities meet these
needs.
13. planning, developing and implementing the ICT budget, obtaining competitive prices from suppliers, to
ensure cost effectiveness and reporting on projects
14. scheduling upgrades and security backups of hardware and software systems;
15. Perform daily backup operations, ensuring all required file systems and system data are successfully
backed up to the appropriate media
16. researching, installing new systems and configure systems that supports domain Registry infrastructure
applications.
17. guaranteeing the smooth running of all ICT systems, including anti-virus software, print services and
email provision
18. ensuring that software licensing laws are adhered to;
19. providing secure access to the network for remote users;
20. securing data from internal and external attack;
21. managing crisis situations, which may involve complex technical hardware or software problems;
22. keeping up to date with the latest technologies.
23. Must provide technical training to teams when required and serve as a technical mentor to team members
24. Task allocation and performance evaluation of team members
25. Meet with client teams and gather requirements, conduct regular team meetings and track project progress
26. Clear understanding of the Domain System (Theory, Registration, Management)
27. In-depth knowledge of DNS & DNSSec
28. In-depth knowledge of the deployment & management of DNS Server Software (Bind)
Skills and Qualification
1. Degree in IT from a recognized institution
2. 4 years and more experience in system administration.
3. In depth Knowledge of Linux, Unix, Solaris Server Platforms (Deployment & Administration)
4. In depth knowledge of RDBMS (Postgres, MySQL)
5. Good knowledge in Webserver Setup, Deployment & Management (HTTP/HTTPS on Apache & Tomcat)
6. Good knowledge of TCP/IP Networks and Protocols (IPv4 & Ipv6)
7. Knowledge in the Management of Private & Public Facing IP Networks
8. In-depth knowledge on IP Routing & Wide Area Networks (WAN)
9. Good knowledge in virtualization technologies
10. Good knowledge in Messaging Systems (SMTP/IMAP, VOIP)
11. Good Experience in Systems Documentation
12. Great Inter-Personal Communication & Presentation Skills
APPLY
Do you believe you are the most suitable for this role? Send your CV and cover letter to [email protected]. As the subject line of your email, write “2160” and please make sure to include, Your Full name & Phone number e.g. 2160, Barack Obama, 07xxxxxxxxx.in the message body. If you don’t follow these instructions, your application will not go through.
Deadline for receiving applications: 1st May 2016
* When applying to any job through Duma Works, you can expect that after you apply, you will receive a confirmation email, and then an SMS alert asking you to take a basic screening test over SMS. The SMS with the test may not arrive immediately. Please be patient. The SMS test will typically be 5-8 questions to help us understand your background. Regular SMS rates apply to the test, and if you ever have any issues with the process, please reach out to 0702093793. | https://dumaworks.com/blog/job-vacancy-systems-administrator-2/?comments=view_comments |
Road networks play a vital part in maintaining a functioning modern society. Many events perceptibly affect the transport supply along these networks, especially natural disasters such as floods, landslides, and earthquakes. Contrary to more common disruptions of traffic from accidents, or maintenance closures, natural disasters are capable of destroying large numbers of roads and usually cover vast areas. Six highly damaging natural disasters, which occurred in the Czech Republic between 1997 and 2010 will be presented. They were all induced by extreme rainfall or by rapid snowmelt and resulted in floods and landslides. Their impacts were evaluated with respect to the damage to road networks and decreased serviceability. For mutual comparison of the impacts several criteria related to economic impacts, physical harm to individuals and infrastructures, and the effects on connectivity and serviceability were used. Finally a detailed example from one such event in July 1997 that significantly affected the road network of the Zlín region will be outlined. | https://www.cts.kth.se/news/cts-lunch-seminar-march-4-11-30-by-michal-bil-1.457665?page=3 |
The term landslide or, less frequently, landslip refers to several forms of mass wasting that may include a wide range of ground movements, such as rockfalls , deep-seated slope failures, mudflows , and debris flows. Gravity is the primary driving force for a landslide to occur, but there are other factors affecting slope stability that produce specific conditions that make a slope prone to failure. In many cases, the landslide is triggered by a specific event such as a heavy rainfall , an earthquake , a slope cut to build a road, and many others , although this is not always identifiable.
- Types Of Emergencies
- 9.4 – Transportation, Disruptions and Resilience
- Accidents and their Prevention
- Looking for other ways to read this?
Natural and anthropogenic disasters have disruptive effects on transportation systems, impacting modes, terminals, and infrastructure. There is often more to learn from failure than success, even if failure is never welcomed. While the factors behind success can, at times, be ambiguous, the reasons for failure are commonly quite clear. The reasons why an airline is having a profitable quarter are more difficult to assess than if one of its planes was to fall off the sky.
Types Of Emergencies
The Red Cross can help you prepare your family, your pets and your home for common emergencies and natural disasters. Read below for information about emergencies that can occur where you live, and learn the difference between a "watch" and a "warning". Get tips for preparedness steps you can take today, what to do in an emergency, and how to repair and rebuild afterward. Get Help. How To Prepare For Emergencies. Types Of Emergencies. Need Help Now?
SUMMARY This chapter defines natural hazards and their relationship to natural resources they are negative resources , to environment they are an aspect of environmental problems , and to development they are a constraint to development and can be aggravated by it. The chapter demonstrates that the means of reducing the impact of natural hazards is now available. The factors that influence susceptibility to vulnerability reduction-the nature of the hazard, the nature of the study area, and institutional factors-are discussed. The core of the chapter explains how to incorporate natural hazard management into the process of integrated development planning, describing the process used by the OAS-Study Design, Diagnosis, Action Proposals, Implementation-and the hazard management activities associated with each phase. The chapter goes on to show how the impact of natural hazards on selected economic sectors can be reduced using energy, tourism, and agriculture as examples. Finally, the significance of a hazard management program to national and international development institutions is discussed. The planning process in development areas does not usually include measures to reduce hazards, and as a consequence, natural disasters cause needless human suffering and economic losses.
9.4 – Transportation, Disruptions and Resilience
Infrastructures in Europe have been affected by impacts of extreme natural events with increasing frequency over the past decades. One of the most recent examples is the flooding that affected parts of Germany in June Global warming is expected to change patterns of climate-related extreme events affecting infrastructure. This article presents an explanatory approach. Based on an observational design, causal connections between the occurrence and patterns of extreme events and related road infrastructure impacts are analyzed.
cause many deaths, severe injuries, and food shortages. Most natural disasters result from forces of climate and geology. to the infrastructure of a community: its roads, buildings, Disaster and Development+alfabia.org (date of access: April.
Accidents and their Prevention
Professional Reference articles are designed for health professionals to use. You may find one of our health articles more useful. NICE has issued rapid update guidelines in relation to many of these. This guidance is changing frequently. Accidents are a major cause of death and disability.
Official websites use. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Flooding is a temporary overflow of water onto land that is normally dry.
Road accident is most unwanted thing to happen to a road user, though they happen quite often. The most unfortunate thing is that we don't learn from our mistakes on road. Most of the road users are quite well aware of the general rules and safety measures while using roads but it is only the laxity on part of road users, which cause accidents and crashes. Main cause of accidents and crashes are due to human errors.
Looking for other ways to read this?
Other methods include levees, dikes, dams, retention or detention basins. Communities preferred improvement of drainage structures with detention basins near the sites. Floods are caused by many factors: heavy precipitation, severe winds over water, unusual high tides, tsunamis, or failure of dams, levels, retention ponds, or other structures that contained the water. During times of rain or snow, some of the water is retained in ponds or soil, some is absorbed by grass and vegetation, some evaporates, and the rest travels over the land as surface runoff.
In the short term, they cost homeowners and insurance companies billions. They raise food and gas prices. The worst damage came from U. The natural disaster season was worse. Bridges, roads, and utilities are destroyed. Homeowners who aren't covered by insurance go bankrupt. Many can't rebuild and must move elsewhere.
Not a MyNAP member yet? Register for a free account to start saving and receiving special member only perks. T he key to reducing loss of life, personal injuries, and damage from natural disasters is widespread public awareness and education. People must be made aware of what natural hazards they are likely to face in their own communities. They should know in advance what specific preparations to make before an event, what to do during a hurricane, earthquake, flood, fire, or other likely event, and what actions to take in its aftermath. Equally important, public officials and the media — television, radio, and newspapers — must be fully prepared to respond effectively, responsibly, and speedily to large-scale natural emergencies. They need to be aware, in advance, of procedures to follow in a crisis that threatens to paralyze the entire community they serve, and they need to know how to communicate accurate information to the public during a natural disaster.
Survive DURING
Official websites use. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Make a plan. Know the facts about a pandemic. Learn How to Stay Safe.
Одному несчастному азиату стало плохо. Я попробовал оказать ему помощь, но все было бесполезно. - Вы делали ему искусственное дыхание. На лице старика появилось виноватое выражение. - Увы, я не знаю, как это делается.
Контакты соединялись в определенной последовательности, которую компьютер затем расшифровывал и переводил на нормальный английский.
- Он замолчал, словно подбирая нужные слова. - Этот шифр взломать невозможно. Сьюзан посмотрела на него и едва не рассмеялась. Невозможно. Что это должно означать. | https://alfabia.org/and-pdf/71-causes-and-prevention-of-natural-disaster-of-road-pdf-727-545.php |
Human welfare status is very unevenly distributed throughout the globe – some of us live very comfortable lives, others remain in desperate poverty showing little progress away from their condition. Between are countries that are rapidly developing and converging toward the welfare of the richest. At all levels of economic development, human activities place significant pressure on the environment and threaten all of Earth’s vital functions and support systems for human life. This challenge requires timely responses based on solid understanding of the human/environment interface, technological and economic approaches to mitigate adverse effects on the environment, and routes to understanding the complex dynamics of the coupled human/natural systems that can chart a pathway to improvement in the lives of the poorest and continued well-being for those who have achieved prosperity without forcing natural systems into decline or massive fluctuation. This course offers undergraduate students, for the first time, a comprehensive course on the link between natural disaster events and human development at all levels of welfare. It explores the role that natural disasters might have and have had in modulating development prospects. Any student seriously interested in sustainable development, especially in light of climate change, must study the nature of extreme events – their causes, global distribution, and the likelihood of future change. This course will cover not only the nature of extreme events, including earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, and droughts but also their transformation into disaster through social processes. It will ultimately help students to understand the link between such extreme events, the economic/social shock they represent and development outcomes. The course will combine careful analysis of the natural and social systems dynamics that give rise to disasters and examine through group learning case studies from the many disasters that have occurred in the first decade of the 21st century.
Prerequisites: EESC 2330; SDEV W2300.
Link to Vergil
Note: only courses offered during the two previous semesters have active Vergil links. | https://scienceandsociety.columbia.edu/content/un3360-disasters-and-development-s-deraniyagala-j-mutter |
Retail Surgery: How can I deal with unforeseen events that might affect the supply chain?
How can I mitigate the effects of unforeseen events that might affect the supply chain?
Whether it’s heavy snow halting the main transport routes, natural disasters or civil unrest, worldwide incidents of all scales can have serious knock-on effects throughout the supply chain.
Jim Brownell, vice-president of retail industry solutions at GT Nexus, says these kind of events can cause big problems for retailers.
A vendor management system can help to mitigate the impact unforeseen events have on the supply chain. If supply issues and delays look likely, utilising existing relationships - or the ability to extend partnerships or add partners to help - can make the difference in saving or not saving a season, which is crucial in such a tough economic climate. | https://www.retail-week.com/analysis/retail-surgery-how-can-i-deal-with-unforeseen-events-that-might-affect-the-supply-chain/5044804.article?authent=1 |
Howdy, Stranger!
It looks like you're new here. If you want to get involved, click one of these buttons!
Sign In
Register
Categories
Recent Discussions
Categories
All Categories
13.6K
General Category
10.7K
General Announcements
184
Faith Issues
3.4K
Coptic Orthodox Church
2.5K
Personal Issues
1.4K
Prayer Requests
421
Random Issues
1.8K
Introductions
292
Non-Orthodox Inquiries
228
Youth Corner
604
Hymns
2.5K
Hymns Discussion
2.5K
Technicial Difficulties
356
Technical Topics
356
How many animals did Noah take in the ark? THIS IS SERIOUS
Marina6
March 2010
edited December 1969
in
Faith Issues
hey guys,
i was just reading in the bible about Noah and as i know the story, he took 2 of each animal, male and female.
but the bible says he took SEVEN of each clean animal and TWO of the unclean.
2 You shall take with you seven each of every clean animal, a male and his female; two each of animals that are unclean, a male and his female; 3 also seven each of birds of the air, male and female, to keep the species alive on the face of all the earth.
Gensis 7:2-3
How does this make sense, we were never ever taught that...
I also have another question, how many days did Noah spent in the ark?? the bible refers to so many numbers, it says
1)And the rain was on the earth forty days and forty nights. (Gensis 7:4)
2)And the waters prevailed on the earth one hundred and fifty days. (Gensis 7:24)
3)The fountains of the deep and the windows of heaven were also stopped, and the rain from heaven was restrained. 3 And the waters receded continually from the earth. At the end of the hundred and fifty days the waters decreased. (Gensis 8:2-3)
4)Then the ark rested in the seventh month, the seventeenth day of the month, on the mountains of Ararat. (Gensis 8:4)
5)And the waters decreased continually until the tenth month. In the tenth month, on the first day of the month, the tops of the mountains were seen.(Gensis8:5)
6) So it came to pass, at the end of forty days, that Noah opened the window of the ark which he had made (Gensis 8:6)
can someone please explain this to me, I am so lost and not sure if i understand anything
Comments
Marieanne
March 2010
I think I can answer part 2 of your question.
Rain on the earth meaning the heavens opened for 40 days and 40 nights and there was continous raining (Gensis 7:4)
When it rains that much, there is a flood and flood waters dont disappear by evapouration and absorption in the land in one day, hence the mention that the waters prevailed (stayed on the earth) for 150 days after the 40 days and 40 nights (Genesis 7:24) (Gensis 8:2-3)
I think I can attribute point 4 and point 5 to a difference in the calender we use now and the calender that was used in Noah's time.
Noah would have definetely opened the windows of the ark after the rain stopped! wouldnt you?! I for one would have wanted to see some sun if it has rained for that long!
:)
. note again that the scriptures mentioned 'window' not 'door'.
God bless you Marina6!
Mozes
March 2010
If you read a little further down you will realize that Noah took every kind.
7:14 "They, and every beast after his kind, and all the cattle after their kind, and every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth after his kind, and every fowl after his kind, every bird of every sort".
Marina6
March 2010
Mozes:
Yes i see he took every kind but i am wondering how is it SEVEN from the clean and TWO unclean. I honestly never heard seven before lol??
LionessofGod:
thanks for your reply, but i dont understand how verse six makes sense, i feel like it contradicts all the other numbers,
where did the last forty days come from???
and what do u mean by the difference of calender because he talks about the tenth month, then the 7th HOWWW???
Mozes
March 2010
marina, seven is a symbolic number in the bible & is, i guess,the number of perfection....read this link about the number 7
http://www.angelfire.com/az/rainbowbridge/seven.html
two animals from the unclean catagory suggests male and female for further reproduction..I am guessing,though.
good question,btw
Marieanne
March 2010
at the end of the rainfall is what Moses (who wrote Genesis) meant when he was talking about the 40 days and how Noah opened the window, he simply reffered back to what he was writing about before in Genesis 7:4, after all doesnt when it rain we close our windows to stop the rain from coming in and when it stops raining, we open them.
4)Then the ark rested in the seventh month, the seventeenth day of the month, on the mountains of Ararat. (Gensis 8:4)
I guess the useful link that Mozes provided would explain all the 7's, thanks Mozes.
I guess when it comes to putting this in modern terms (its is just a generalisation and not the real date): 17th of July is when the ark rested on the tip of the mountains (considering the ark was a significant amount of its height underwater as every boat is)
http://buoyancy8np.pbworks.com/f/1180117194/Ballast_tank_boat_cross_section.png
notice the waterline in this picture
5)And the waters decreased continually until the tenth month. In the tenth month, on the first day of the month, the tops of the mountains were seen.(Gensis 8:5)
water evapouration happened till October and on the 1st of October** the rest of the mountains were seen by the human eye, because the waterline decreased.
**I did not use real dates just generalisations to paint a clearer picture of the time frame.
This is a good math equation. I can confidently say that the water evapouration rate and absorption rate over a period of 3 months is equal to the submerged height of the ark. anyone who is willing to do the math:
this is the water evapouration rate equation:
http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/evaporation-water-surface-d_690.html
and then implement the simple equation of s= d/t
also keeping in mind the rate water absorption into the earth.
http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O13-waterabsorptiontest.html
kefleyohannes
March 2010
By the Grace of the Holy Spirit i pray i can respond to your points, point by point
1.in the 600th year of noahs life in the 2nd month, the 17th day it rained (gen 7:11)
from day one to day forty it rained upon the earth. (Gensis 7:4)
also from day one to day 150, the waters were on the earth. (Gensis 7:24)
because from day 1 water is both prevailing and decreasing on the earth.
its simply rained more than it drained simple....
because it stopped raining on the 40th day this means that 110 days after the rain stopped water remained on the earth
3. so for 110 days the water was also decreasing but nevertheless it remained
4. in the 600th year in the 7th month, on the 7th day is of no relevance to your question because you don't know exactly the calender all we know is that the Ark was resting on mount ararat (Gen 8:4) which means that the ark was in a high place, though below was still flooded because in point 5 it says
5.And the waters decreased continually until the tenth month. In the tenth month, on the first day of the month, the tops of the mountains were seen.(we dont know the length of a month for those days) (Gensis8:5) also it does not say the water was gone, only that the tops of the mountains were seen again the first thing you would expect to see is the tops of the mountain...yeah?
6.at the end of forty days noah opened the window, the water was still on the earth from that point for at least 110 days because the Holy Bible says that in the 600th year of noahs life in the 2nd month on the 17th day the rain started (Gen 7:11) on the 150th day the ark rested on mount ararat, though all the mountain tops had not yet been seen (go to point 4) lastly in (Gen 8:14) it says in the 601st year in the 2nd month the 27th day the earth was dry and noah left the ark.
so it seems noah was in the Ark for around one year, though this does not necessarily fit our understanding of a year, all this tells us is that months ranged from 7 days to 27 days, and that there is at least 10 months so a year could easily have been 150 odd days.
on the 1st point
7 clean x 2= 14
2 unclean x 2= 4
so thats simply alot of animals we can't know how many we in total because it doesnt say how many clean species there were and uncleans, so i must take it as it is written, though a more knowledgable person could answer your question
I hope my attempted theology helped
May God bless your heart during the fast and forevermore. Amen
coolboy1000g
March 2010
I believe that God told him to take only 2 of each of the unclean animals because since they are unclean, Noah and his family couldnt eat from them during their stay in the arc. But God told him to take 7 of the clean animals, because they could eat them but at the same time leave a few alive to be able to procreate so the species wont go extinct
Marina6
March 2010
thanks sooooo much for all of u guys who replied
you def answered all my questions
God Bless you
Sign In
or
Register
to comment. | http://tasbeha.org/community/discussion/8906/how-many-animals-did-noah-take-in-the-ark-this-is-serious |
what is bfsk full form | Generation of BFSK signals | Spectrum of BFSK Signal , Bandwidth , transmitter and receiver block diagram ?
Generation of BFSK (U.P. Tech, Sem. Exam; 2005-06) (10 marks)
It may be observed from Table 8.1 that PH(t) is same as b(t) and also PL(t) is inverted version of b(t). The block diagram for BFSK generation is shown in figure 8.14.
* The derivation of this expression has been given sepatately in the end of this chapter.
DIAGRAM
FIGURE 8.14 Block diagram for BFSK generation.
We know that input sequence b(t) is same as PH(t). An inverter is added after b(t) to get PL(t). The level shifter PH(t) and PL(t) are unipolar signals. The level shifter converts the ‘+1’ level to . Zero level is unaffected. Thus, the output of the level shifters will be either (if ‘+1’) or zero (if input is zero). In other words, when a binary ‘0’ is to be transmitted, PL(t) = 1 and PH(t) = 0, and for a binary ‘1’ to be transmitted, PH(t) = 1 and PL(t) = 0. Hence, the transmitted signal will have a frequency of either fH or fL. Further, there are product modulators after level shifter. The two carrier signals 1(t) and 2(t) are used. 1(t) and 2(t) are orthogonal to each other. In one bit period of input signal (i.e., Tb), 1 (t) or 2(t) have integral number of cycles.
Thus, the modulated signal is having continuous phase. Figure 8.15 shows such type of BFSK signal. The adder then adds the two signals.
diagram
FIGURE 8.15 The BFSK signal.
NOTE Here it may be noted that outputs from both the multipliers are not possible at a time. This is because PH(t) and PL(t) are complementary to each other. Therefore, if PH(t) = 1. then output will be only due to upper modulator and lower modulator output will be zero [since PL(t) = 0].
8.7.2. The Spectrum of BFSK Signal
In figure 8.14, the BFSK signal s(t) may be written as,
s(t) = PH (t) cos (2fHt) = PL (t) cos (2fHt) …(8.30)
This is the expression for BFSK signal. Let us compare this equation with BPSK equation which is written below:
SBPSK(t) = b(t) cos (2fct) …(8.31)
It may be noted that this equation is identical to BFSK equation. In BPSK equation, b(t) is a bipolar signal where as in BFSK, the similar coefficients PH(t) or PL(t) are unipolar. Hence, let us convert these coefficients in bipolar form as under:
PH(t) = P’H(t) …(8.32)
and PL(t) = P’L(t) …(8.33)
where P’H(t) and P’L(t) will be bipolar (i.e., + 1 or – 1).
Substituting these values in equation (8.30), we obtain
EQUATION
or equation
+ P’L (t) cos (2fLt) …(8.34)
|DO YOU KNOW?|
|FSK is also used extensively in high-frequency radio systems for radio-teletype transmission.|
In this equation, the first term represents the single frequency impulse situated at frequency fH. The second term represents the impulse at fL. These are constant amplitude pulses. The last two terms are identical to BPSK equation of equation (8.31).
Here PH‘(t) and P’L(t) are equivalent to b(t). Therefore, these last two terms in equation (8.34) produce the spectrum which are similar to that of BPSK. One spectrum is located at fH and other at fL. Hence, we can write the power spectral density of BFSK as under:
equation
Figure 8.16 illustrates the plot of power spectral density of BFSK signal expressed by equation (8.35).
Also, fH, and fL, are selected such that,
fH – fL = 2fb …(8.36)
With such types of selection, it is obvious from the spectrums in the above figure that the two frequencies fH and fL may be identified properly. The interference between the spectrums is not much with the above assumption.
diagram
Figure 8.16 Illustration of Power spectral density (psd) of a BFSK signal.
8.7.3. Bandwidth of BFSK Signal
From figure 8.16, it is obvious that the width of one lobe is 2fb. The two main lobes due to fH and fL are placed such that the total width due to both main lobes is 4 fb.
Therefore, we have
Bandwidth of BFSK = 2fb + 2fb
or BW = 4fb …(8.37)
Now, if we compare this bandwidth with that of BPSK, we note that,
BW (BFSK) = 2 x BW(BPSK) …(8.38)
8.7.4. BPSK Receiver: Coherent Detection of BFSK
Figure 8.17 shows the block diagram of a scheme for demodulation of BFSK wave using coherent detection technique. The detector consists of two correlators that are individually tuned to two different carrier frequencies to represent symbols ‘1’ and ‘0’. A correlator consists of a multiplier followed by an integrator. Then, the received binary FSK signal is applied to the multipliers of both the correlators. To the other input of the multipliers, carriers with frequency fc1 and fc2, are applied as shown in figure 8.17. The multiplied output of each multiplier is subsequently passed through integrators generating output l1 and l2 in the two paths. The output of the two
diagram
FIGURE 8.17 Block diagram s of BFSK receiver (detect ion of BFSK).
integrators are then fed to the decision making device. The decision making device is essentially a comparator which compares the output. l1 (in the upper path) and output l2 (in the lower path). If the output l1 produced in the upper path (associated with frequency fc1) is greater than the output l2 produced in the lower path (associated with frequency fc2), the detector makes a decision in favour of symbol 1. If the output l1 is less l2, then the decision making device decides in favour of symbol 0 (say). This type of digital communication receivers are also called correlation receivers. As discussed earlier, the detector based upon coherent detection requires phase and timing synchronisation.
8.7.5. Geometrical Representation of Orthogonal BFSK
As a flatter of fact, orthogonal carriers are used for M-ary PSK and QASK. The different signal points are represented geometrically in 1 2-plane. For geometrical representation of BFSK signals, such orthogonal carriers are required. From figure 8.14, we know that two carriers 1(t) and 2(t) of two different frequencies fH and fL, are used for modulation. To make 1 (t) and 2(t) orthogonal, the frequencies fH and fL must be some integer multiple of band frequency ‘fb‘.
Thus, fH = mfb …(8.39)
and fL = nfb …(8.40)
Here; fb = , then the carriers would be
1(t) = cos (2mfb t) …(8.41)
and 2(t) = cos (2mfb t) …(8.42)
The carriers 1(t) and 2 (t) are orthogonal over the period Tb. We can write equation (8.25) and equation (8.26) as,
sH(t) = cos (2fH t)
and sL(t) = cos (2fL t)
Here fH = fc +
and fL = fc +
Using the relations in equations (8.39) to (8.42), we can write above equations as
sH(t) = . 1(t) …(8.43)
and sL(t) = . 2(t) …(8.44)
diagram
FIGURE 8.18 Illustration of signal space representation of orthogonal BFSK signal.
Thus, based on the above two equations, we can draw the signal space diagram as shown in figure 8.18.
8.7.5.1. Distance Between Signal Points
Note that there are two signal points in the signal space. The distance between these two points may be evaluated as under:
d2 =
or d2 = 2Ps Tb or d = …(8.45)
Since Ps Tb = Eb, we can write above relation (i.e., equation (8.45)) as under:
d = …(8.46)
As compared to the distance of BPSK, we may observe that this distance is smaller than BPSK.
8.7.6. Comparison of Three Basic Digital Modulation Techniques
We can compare three basic digital modulation techniques in the form of table 8.3.
Table 8.3. | https://www.sbistudy.com/bfsk-signal-full-form/ |
James Miller was named BC Hockey League Player of the Month for November.
Christmas classic comes to ‘life’ on stage at Okanagan church
A father and daughter have been cast in their first play at St. Andrew’s Presbyterian Church
Okanagan Discovery House shedding the light on addiction and removing the stigma
The annual awareness and fundraising campaign underway for Discovery House
Okanagan swim club members burning the midnight oil in the pool
Members of the KISU Swim Club took part in the 24-hour relay
Kelowna Owls upset Belmont to win B.C. girls volleyball championship
Kelowna Owls knock off number one Belmont to win girls BC volleyball championship
Okanagan health care pro’s get their just desserts – popcorn
BC Transplant volunteers give their thanks to Penticton Regional Hospital staff
Hundreds turn out for Toys for Tots to Teens at new Okanagan location
Hundreds of people dropped off gifs at the annual Toys for Tots to Teens event Thursday.
Ighani trial on hold until 2019
New evidence in the trial of alleged kidnapper in Penticton
Shot fired during take down of alleged armed Okanagan kidnapper
One of two main witnesses having memory problems in connection to alleged kidnapping
Teaching the hard way Okanagan seniors computer instructor’s key to success
After 19 years of teaching seniors computer skills Doug Pritchett has “retired”
Soprano Elizabeth Trip in concert Friday
Soprano Elizabeth Tribe and special guests are performing in support of school breakfast program
Okanagan rescued kittens now in desperate need of eye surgery
Two of five kittens rescued from a Kelowna works yard in need of eye surgery
Penticton Secondary School Lakers kick off provincial championship
Three Okanagan teams in the mix for AAAA girls volleyball provincials
Former Okanagan woman receives Rhodes Scholarship
Linda Worden is one of 11 Canadians to receive the prestigious Rhodes Scholarship
Okanagan school 20-team AAAA BC girls volleyball championships
Pen Hi Lakers hosting the provincial girls volleyball championships, action begins Thursday.
Spirit of welcoming unveiled at Okanagan nordic centre
The official unveiling of the dual language signs at Nickel Plate Nordic Centre. | https://www.pentictonwesternnews.com/author/photos1/ |
A resident of an apartment building for seniors is recovering after Windsor firefighters rescued her from her burning second-floor unit on Tuesday morning.
The incident occurred at Fountainebleau Towers, 2455 Rivard Ave. — a public housing complex for older tenants in the city’s east end, just south of Tecumseh Road East.
tap here to see other videos from our team.
Senior rescued from burning apartment in east Windsor Back to video
Windsor Fire and Rescue Services responded around 8:30 a.m. to reports of heavy smoke coming from an apartment on the south side of the building.
A dozen firefighting units arrived at the scene to find flames shooting out of one of the apartment’s windows.
The female tenant was on the balcony. A ladder was quickly used by firefighters to bring the woman down to safety.
The fire was brought under control in about 30 minutes, then declared extinguished around 9:40 a.m.
Other residents of the 386-unit building were not required to evacuate.
According to chief fire prevention officer John Lee, the rescued woman was taken to hospital for treatment as a precaution.
The cause and origin of the fire remained under investigation at press time. A representative of the Ontario Fire Marshal’s office was expected to attend the scene later Tuesday. | https://windsorstar.com/news/local-news/senior-rescued-from-burning-apartment-in-east-windsor |
MOSCOW: In a shocking incident reported in Moscow, Russia, a girl was trapped in a building that caught fire. Two men rescued the girl from the 9 th floor of the burning building in Moscow's Chertanovo district.
The incident took place on January 29. Now, a video of the brave rescue is doing the rounds on the Internet. It is bound to leave you holding your breath while sitting at the edge of your seat.
Shared on Reddit, the video shows a glimpse of the rescue operation. The two men can be seen carefully and gently pulling the girl from the 9th floor window to safety. According to the Russian news website RBC, both men were injured as one had a burn on his hand and the other had cuts and glass fragments in the wound. Both were hospitalized.
Take a look at the video:
The clip has been upvoted over 95,000 times and received several reactions. People wholeheartedly praised the two men and congratulated them for helping out the girl.
According to a press release by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Emergency Situations, "In the course of reconnaissance and extinguishing the fire, 12 people were rescued from the burning and higher floors by fire and rescue units, including 1 child. The rescued are examined by doctors." | http://worldnews24.over-blog.com/2022/01/brave-samaritans-rescue-girl-from-burning-building-in-russia.nail-biting-viral-video.html |
Dogs rescued from burning home
San Diego firefighters rescued two dogs from a burning home.
Firefighters rescued two dogs from a burning home in the Shelltown neighborhood of Southeast San Diego Tuesday after two residents ran out of the house, San Diego Fire Rescue Battalion Chief Steve Salaz said.
“When firefighters arrived, there was smoke and fire showing from the back of the building,” Salaz told OnScene.TV. “The occupants got out.”
One firefighter broke through the metal exterior door of the home on Gamma Street, near S. 39th Street, shortly after noon. The firefighter found the small dogs and removed them from the building. The dogs appeared uninjured in video from OnScene.TV.
No injuries were reported.
Firefighters were able to douse the fire quickly, but two bedrooms were destroyed, and the blaze had spread to the attic. The rest of the home had smoke damage, Salaz said. An estimate of the total damage was not available.
A house adjacent to the burning home was briefly threatened but was not damaged, Salaz said. The cause of the fire has not been determined and is under investigation.
The American Red Cross is assisting the two residents, who were displaced.
[email protected]
(619) 293-2241
Twitter: @sdutKrier
Sign up to get Breaking News email alerts
Get alerts on severe weather, road closures and other major breaking news.
You may occasionally receive promotional content from the San Diego Union-Tribune. | https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/public-safety/sd-me-fire-dogs-rescued-20180515-story.html |
In “The Patriot,” Mel Gibson plays Benjamin Martin, a militia leader based largely on Francis Marion, the famed “Swamp Fox,” whose guerrilla tactics helped keep the war alive in South Carolina, where conventional solders on the colonialists’ side were not faring well.
What happens to Gabriel Martin in The Patriot?
Death HI. Gabriel during the American Revolutionary War. … Gabriel was killed by Tavington while he was just about to avenge the death of his wife and brother.
Why do Martin and Gabriel split up in the patriot?
In the movie, The Patriot, a 2000 American epic historical fiction war film, set up in rural South Carolina. Martin and Gabriel split up because they had different opinions on joining the war against the British. Benjamin Martin fought in the French-Indian War.
What happened to Benjamin Martin’s wife in The Patriot?
The Patriot Characters: Elizabeth Martin. Elizabeth Putnam married Benjamin Martin around 1757-8. He credited her with helping him put aside his anger and rage. She made him more “responsible.” After bearing seven children, she died of illness in 1773, when her youngest child, Susan was still a baby.
Is The Patriot movie historically accurate?
The popular film The Patriot is loosely based on the exploits of several real life historical figures including a British officer, Lt. Col. Banstre Tarleton and several American patriots: the “Swamp Fox,” Francis Marion, Daniel Morgan, Elijah Clark, Thomas Sumter and Andrew Pickens.
Who is Gabriel Martin based on?
Rodat has said Martin is a composite character based on four historical men: Andrew Pickens, Francis Marion, Daniel Morgan and Thomas Sumter. Most of the film’s events occur in the Southern theater of the war.
When I have a family of my own I won’t hide behind them?
Benjamin Martin : When you have a family of your own, perhaps you’ll understand. Gabriel Edward Martin : When I have a family of my own, I won’t hide behind them.
Why does Susan not talk in The Patriot?
She still has not spoken, which is probably the result of losing her mother while Susan was still a baby. … In the most moving scene of the film, Susan has refused to speak to her father during the time he is visiting them at the Gullah camp.
How Benjamin Martin gets his revenge?
When his oldest son, Gabriel joins up, and his second born son, Thomas, is killed by Colonel William Tavington, he takes it upon himself to join and fight with the colonial militia. Before the war was over, Benjamin Martin had his revenge by killing Tavington.
Did Charlotte have a baby at the end of The Patriot?
Answer: Benjamin and Charlotte have a baby.
Throughout the movie, we see a romance blossoming between Benjamin and Aunt Charlotte and in the final scene where the family rides home, Aunt Charlotte is holding a baby in her arms.
Did the church burning in The Patriot really happened?
The church-burning scene in The Patriot is actually based on an incident from World War II, when Nazi soldiers burned a group of French villagers alive. There is no evidence that a similar event took place during the American Revolution.
How many children does Benjamin Martin lose as a result of Colonel tavington?
After Ben had attacked the British soldiers, he was known as the “Ghost.” He killed 20 of them with their two children. Benjamin family has seven children.
Why did the oldest son Gabriel want to join the Patriots?
He learned the hard way how gruesome war was, and didn’t want to have anything to do with it, nor his family. His oldest son Gabriel scared him the most. Gabriel wanted to join the war, and was old enough to do it.
What did the Patriot get wrong?
Principal among the movie’s gross inaccuracies is the portrayal of British soldiers as evil, bloodthirsty sadists. … Meaning not only did the film paint a portrait of the British as cruel killers, it compared them to history’s worst: the Nazis.
Was there really a Benjamin Martin in the Revolutionary War?
There was no Patriot militia leader called Benjamin Martin who fought in the Revolutionary War, and the details of Benjamin’s life and family are fictionalized.
How many people died in the Revolutionary War?
Throughout the course of the war, an estimated 6,800 Americans were killed in action, 6,100 wounded, and upwards of 20,000 were taken prisoner. Historians believe that at least an additional 17,000 deaths were the result of disease, including about 8,000–12,000 who died while prisoners of war. | https://www.deerfootreview.com/what-does-benjamin-martin-do-in-the-patriot/ |
Canton firefighters rescued a man from his burning third floor apartment just after 10:30 p.m. Monday near McKinley Avenue NW at Cleveland Avenue NW.
According to Canton firefighters, the fire started near the rear of the third floor apartment. When they arrived the victim was hanging out the front window awaiting help to get out of the burning apartment.
The man was rescued using a ground ladder and taken to a local hospital with minor injuries and smoke inhalation.
Fire crews were able to stop the spread of fire to the other units inside the building but around 15 people were displaced because of smoke and water damage. The Red Cross is assisting displaced residents.
No word on the cause of the fire. | https://www.news5cleveland.com/news/local-news/akron-canton-news/man-rescued-a-dozen-or-more-displaced-in-canton-apartment-fire |
Review by Elizabeth Buck:Minta Bell Design team is fantastic: professional, efficient and knowledgeable. We have worked with them for many years, over the course of three different renovations, and they have transformed my mi...
More
Review by Molly Shivers:I have worked with Minta Bell Design Group for over 20 years. Minta and her group consistently offer white glove customer service and exceptional design. Minta and her group design first and foremost...
More
Review by The Kitchen Specialist:I have enjoyed working with Amy Jeffries of Minta Bell Design Group on residential projects for many years! Her knowledge of design, history, style, and furnishings is integral to the success of the p...
More
Review by teriksson:I have worked with Amy on several design projects. She is a great decorator with a passions to help her clients find their own style. She has also rescued many attempt of my DIY projects that did not...
More
Review by mwclark:Working with Amy Depew of Minta Bell Design Group was a wonderful experience that I intend to repeat. She rescued me from a wallpaper disaster and created the perfect master bedroom/bathroom. She real...
More
Review by khenchel:Amy Depew Jeffries was the design lead on our home renovations and redesign. She listened to our needs as an active family with multiple pets and helped us design several great spaces that were famil...
More
Commented: I love this green paint color! Would you tell me what this is?Thank you! I love that color, too! We used Benjamin Moore 446 Pinelands in Matte. It is paired with Benjamin Moore #1-06 White Dove - which is key in how the color "reads".
February 18, 2018
Commented: Where is the wallpaper from?Sorry for the late response - I was on vacation last week! That paper is from Nina Campbell through Osborne and Little. It is called Farfalla from the Lombardia Collection. Thanks for your question!
July 27, 2016
Commented: Wall color?I'm sorry, I don't know! The client painted the walls before we began the project. I think a color that is close is Benjamin Moore Palladian Blue.
February 14, 2016
Commented: Hello, Would you provide details on the couch?Thank you for the question. The sofa is a roll arm style with boxed back cushions. It was custom ordered from an upholstery company in Thomasville, North Carolina, using a fabric we selected with the...
June 12, 2015
Commented: ChandelierThank you for your question! I love that chandelier because it translates a traditional form with a modern material. It is from Crowder Designs. We would be happy to provide a quote! | https://www.houzz.com/pro/mintabelldesigngroup/minta-bell-design-group |
(WHDH) — Officers in Des Moines, Iowa are being hailed as heroes after they rescued a family from a burning apartment by catching children as they jumped from a third-floor window.
Body camera video captured the intense moments as the family inside that building realized they were stuck on the third floor.
Although the smoke was too thick to enter the building, officers sprang into action when they realized children were trapped inside.
“Send them down, I’ve got them! Drop him, drop him!” one officer could be heard shouting in the video.
Firefighters then used a ladder to help the mother down.
Thanks to the quick action of those officers, everyone was able to escape the burning building safely. | https://whdh.com/news/iowa-police-make-incredible-saves-to-catch-children-jumping-from-burning-building/ |
Queens firefighters and EMS personnel were among those honored for their acts of bravery as the FDNY Medal Day was held Wednesday, June 2, at the USTA Louis Armstrong Stadium in Flushing Meadows Corona Park.
Mayor Bill de Blasio and Fire Commissioner Daniel Nigro presided over the FDNY’s largest public event since the height of the COVID-19 pandemic last year.
“Today, we can see the light at the end of the tunnel,” de Blasio said. “We’ve all been through hell together, but we are coming out of it, and one thing was clear throughout 2020 was the FDNY was always there. No matter what COVID threw at us, the FDNY persevered. There are many extraordinary moments in the history of this agency. 2020 will go down in the history books as one of those times when people did great things against the toughest of odds.”
Among those honored for their heroics were Firefighter Richard Schmidt of Rescue 4 in Woodside, who received the Emerald Society Pipes and Drums Medal for racing into a burning home and rescuing a woman who was hiding from the blaze in a closet.
Firefighter Joseph Ambrosio of Ladder Company 152 in Flushing was awarded the William F. Conran Medal for fighting his way through a maze of clutter without the protection of a hose-line to rescue a trapped victim.
Firefighter William J. Long of Engine Company 292 on Queens Boulevard in Woodside was recognized for entering a burning building where the fire hydrants were not working and prying loose a woman who was trapped in “extreme conditions.” Long received the Thomas A. Kenny Memorial Medal for his actions.
Rescue Company 4 Firefighter Antonio F. Tarabocchia was honored for running up a burning staircase, forcing open a locked door and finding a woman protecting a child from the flames. He rescued both from the smoke-filled bedroom. Tarabocchia was awarded the Emily Trevor/Mary B. Warren Medal for his heroics that night. | https://qns.com/2021/06/queens-firefighters-among-the-honored-at-fdny-medal-day-in-flushing-meadows-corona-park/ |
EVERETT (CBS) – Two people were rescued from a burning apartment building in Everett early Thursday in a busy overnight for firefighters in the area.
The fire broke out in a second floor unit in the Linden Street building around 1:30 a.m.
“Flames. I saw flames coming out of his apartment, and I was like ‘Oh my God, this whole place is going to go up in fire. That’s what I thought,” resident Lydia Salazar told reporters after escaping safely.
Everett Fire Chief Tony Carli said the flames spread out into the hallway but they were mostly able to contain the fire to that one apartment.
Firefighters rescued two people during the fire, a man from the third floor and a woman from the first floor.
No one was hurt, but Everett firefighters had to call for backup from neighboring towns.
“Quick work from the surrounding communities, quick work from my folks that came in here. They didn’t hesitate at all. Rescues over ladders on the first and third floor, which is great to see. We’re thankful everybody is safe, thankful my guys are safe,” Carli said.
The chief said about 50 people live in the building and many are already back in their apartments. It’s still not clear yet how the fire started.
In addition to the Everett fire, there were two others in nearby Revere. In one of those fires, a man was rescued from a burning home on John Mooney Road.
Napoleon Candida said smoke was filling the house so he broke through a window and was going to jump just as firefighters arrived.
“I poked my head out just to get a bit of air and I yelled for help and they spot me. They told me not to jump, so I hold on but I was already about to jump. They finally raised the ladder up and they got me. I’m very thankful for what they did,” he said.
The cause of that fire is under investigation. | https://boston.cbslocal.com/2020/08/06/everett-revere-massachusetts-firefighter-rescues/ |
As we celebrated her life, we will celebrate Mommy's transition to be with the Lord. Mommy (Mrs. Euphemia Woods-Badio), our beautiful Mommy went home to be with the Lord on Sunday, June 29, 2014 at 7am. Praise GOD from whom all blessings flow.
Mommy leaves to continue to celebrate her life, her sisters: Mariah Woods- Brownell, Emma Woods-Wordsworth, Elura Woods-Jones and Hesta Woods-Baker. Predeceased her were Elizabeth Woods –Brewer-(sister), Judge Woods, George Woods, McEllery Woods, and Stephen Allen Woods (brothers); Parents Elisha Tyson and Maryann Woods, grandmother Elizabeth Moore Johnson. Children: Evie Holder, Augurie Herring, Karolyn Ivy (John), Arminatu Ross, Benjamin Badio, Maria Jappah ( Daniel),McEllery Badio (Makeda), Elisha Tyson Badio, Elroy C Badio and Harriette Badio ( the baby). Predeceased children: Dean Richards and Joseph Moore Badio; Grandchildren (24), predeceased (1) McEllery Badio, Jr., Stepchildren: Hall Badio, Jr. and Rachel Badio-Dolo, Great grandchildren (6)...host of nieces, nephews, cousins in Liberia and the United State.
Drive SE; Atlanta, GA 30354 , Time of Service: 9am. (go to large building on corner of School and Humphries) (404) 363.3300.
Repast: immediately following the funeral service at the International Christian Fellowship Event Hall. | http://www.tlcafrica.com/death_badio_euphemia_woods.htm |
In West Stassney Lane in Austin, Texas, USA, on Might 24, the Austin Police Division (APD) cops went to the space after receiving a report that there was an individual in the burning vehicle.
THE POLICE CREATED THE WINDOW OF THE VEHICLE, SAVE IT AT THE LAST TIME
Law enforcement officials Chandler Carrera and Eddie Pineda rushed to the burning vehicle. Seeing that the driver of the vehicle was unconscious, the police first broke the window of the vehicle, then opened the door and dragged the driver out of the vehicle.
THE MOMENT OF THE EVENT REFLECTED ON THE CAMERA
After the police saved the driver of the vehicle from being burned at the last moment, an explosion sound was heard in the vehicle. The moment of the occasion was recorded by the physique digital camera of the police and the residents in the neighborhood.
The driver who fainted in the burning vehicle in the USA was rescued at the last moment
POLICE AWARDED
In a press release made by the Austin Hearth Division (AFD), it was acknowledged that APD cops have been the first to reach at the scene and that the particular person in the vehicle was faraway from the burning vehicle just a few seconds earlier than it was fully engulfed in flames, “We salute our brothers in blue” it was stated.
APD stated in a press release that it recommended Carrera and Pineda for his or her “heroic efforts”.
Whereas no info was given about the id of the driver who was faraway from the vehicle, it was discovered that he was poisoned by smoke and his life was in hazard.
#driver #fainted #burning #vehicle #USA #rescued #moment
Dikkat: Sitemiz herkese açık bir platform olduğundan, çox fazla kişi paylaşım yapmaktadır. Sitenizden izinsiz paylaşım yapılması durumunda iletişim bölümünden bildirmeniz yeterlidir. | https://kimdeyir.com/the-driver-who-fainted-in-the-burning-vehicle-in-the-usa-was-rescued-at-the-last-moment/ |
The scene at a three-story apartment building at 1640 N. Central Ave. today after a 10-year-old girl was rescued from a fire on the second floor. (E. Jason Wambsgans / Chicago Tribune)
Chicago firefighters today rescued a 10-year-old girl from a burning apartment building in the North Austin neighborhood, officials said.
The blaze broke out just before 11:40 a.m. in a second-floor unit of a 3-story building in the 1600 block of North Central Avenue, according to Chicago Fire Department spokesman Kevin MacGregor.
Flames had spread to three rooms in the apartment, and when firefighters arrived they were told a child was trapped.
"While knocking down the fire, they started a search and located a 10-year-old child partially in bed," said MacGregor, who added the girl had suffered burns to her body and smoke inhalation. | http://articles.chicagobreakingnews.com/2009-05-03/news/28525177_1_apartment-building-body-and-smoke-inhalation-3-story-building |
CALUMET CITY, Ill. (WLS) -- The bravery of 12 Calumet City firefighters and four police officers was honored Thursday.
They rescued people trapped in a burning apartment building, on the upper floors.
They were honored by the city Thursday night. One woman who lived there, and who they rescued, said she never knew fear like that before.
The rescuers received the Unit Citation Award from the mayor and city council. | https://abc7chicago.com/community-events/calumet-city-firefighters-police-honored-for-apartment-fire-rescue/10904925/ |
Bradfield is a picturesque village 8 miles north-west of Sheffield city centre, and is within the boundary of the Peak District National Park. The Parish Church of St Nicholas, where the concerts take place, is a spectacular medieval, Grade 1 listed building blessed with excellent acoustics – it is featured in a recently published book on the 100 best churches in Britain.
The Bradfield Festival of Music was revived in 1998 – evidence from the Bradfield Parish archives shows that a music festival was held in the St Nicholas’ Church, High Bradfield, Sheffield on Whit Monday in 1813, 1825 and 1835. The revived festival is now a week-long event, held during the last full week of June.
The Association is a registered charity and the Festival Trustees aim to bring to this rural part of Sheffield a variety of musicians that includes professional artists with a national reputation, as well as the best of local amateur groups. Where possible opportunities are provided for young musicians to perform in public and the Trustees fund a Young Musicians Award Scheme in collaboration with Sheffield School’s Music Service.
Following the revival the Festival was awarded the Duke of York Community Initiative award in 1999, 2003 and again in 2007.
The maximum audience for the venue is 300 and, whilst this is a small festival in comparison to others, many well-known artists have appeared including including Julian Lloyd Webber, Emma Johnson, Tasmin Little, Nicola Benedetti, Benjamin Frith, Jennifer Pike, Wihan String Quartet, Dante String Quartet, Benjamin Grosvenor, Elizabeth Watts, John Lenehan and Sheku Kanneh-Mason.
For full information, visit the Bradfield Festival website. | https://bachtrack.com/22/4002/render/123 |
The Will of Daniel’s brother George reveals that he had three other brothers, Joseph, Andrew and Benjamin, and a sister Sarah. Sarah did not marry as a Quaker, which may or may not be significant. She also married by licence, and no ALDIS family members accompanied her husband- to-be to court, which again may or may not be significant. The marriage licence, from the Archdeaconry of Norfolk for 1748, read: “Benjamin Gibbs of Wacton, yeoman, and James Downing of Norwich, innholder appeared at Court on the 22nd July 1748 and declared that Benjamin Gibbs of Wacton, singleman, and Sarah Aldis of the same place, singlewoman, aged about 23 were legally free to marry and intended to do so in the church of St Stephen’s in Norwich. Signed by Benjamin Gibbs and James Downing (x the marks of) witnessed by William Mates”. So we can deduce that Sarah ALDIS was born circa 1725. She had four daughters with Benjamin and died in Hertford in 1801. Her first daughter was named Hannah, possibly in memory of her own mother, and the others were Susanna, Sarah and Mary GIBBS.
We also know that Daniel must have been last of the six children, born circa 1731 since his reported age was 68 when he died in Dickleburgh in 1799. The first born, understandably enough, was named Joseph after Hannah’s father, but was also named as the eldest son in his father Andrew’s Administration of 28th of December 1758, following Andrew’s death on the 25th of June 1758 at the age of 73. Andrew’s widow Mary renounced in favour of Joseph and received parish assistance until her own death on the 25th of August 1765. Joseph, born presumably circa 1715, is assumed to be the yeoman of New Buckenham who married Susan HOWLETT the 2nd of October 1743 at Banham. Joseph died in 1789. Among other children, he and Susan had a son Joseph, born circa 1744, who married Mary BROWN the 7th of July 1765 in New Buckenham; they had two sons, Joseph and George, and two daughters, Louisa and Mary (I have corresponded with a descendant of Mary).
So the other three brothers, George, Andrew and Benjamin, must have been born between, say, 1716 and 1729. One might have expected Andrew to have been the first-named son of Andrew and Hannah; but apparently not. Of Bunwell at the time, Andrew, already a widower, married Elizabeth CHEANEY, widow of Wicklewood, at Wymondham on the 29th of July 1749. They had twin daughters, Hannah and Susan(nah), born circa 1750, and by 1753 Elizabeth was again a widow. Settlement Certificate survival for this time is very patchy, but among those that have survived and been catalogued at the Norfolk Record Office is one dated the 20th of November 1753. It concerns the settlement of Elizabeth ALDIS, widow, and Hannah and Susannah her children together with Benjamin ALDIS to their parish of residence, Tasburgh, from the certifying parish of Waston (sic). So Elizabeth was accompanied by her brother-in-law Benjamin who, like Daniel, was a surgeon. It is not known when Benjamin returned to Wacton, but he remained there until his death in 1798, and Elizabeth remained there with him, it seems, until then, her own death occurring on the 15th of July 1810 when she was aged 89. Her twin girls both married locally. Hannah, interestingly a nurse, married John ELY of Stratton on the 28th of July 1774, the event witnessed by her uncle Benjamin ALDIS. Susan(nah) married Robert DOE in Wacton on the 20th of December 1773.
There is more to this story, however. Elizabeth had a further set of twin girls, Abigail and Phoebe, both baptised the 24th of April 1757, for whom Benjamin ALDIS made provision in his Will. Benjamin was buried the 13th of June 1798, and his Will, dated the 6th of October 1795, was proved the 23rd of June 1798. Since Elizabeth had been acting as Benjamin’s housekeeper, it was assumed that he was the father of Abigail and Phoebe. Examination of the Wacton Town Book, however, proves this assumption mistaken and a slur on Benjamin’s integrity. Weekly payments are recorded from 1760 to ‘Widow Aldis’, who was the third wife of Andrew ALDIS, Mary COCK, who was buried the 25th of August 1765, and also to ‘Elizabeth Aldis’, the widow of Andrew ALDIS jnr. Andrew snr. had died in 1758, his son by 1753 as we know from the Settlement Certificate. Payments to both women continue regularly until September 1765, by which time, of course, Mary (COCK)ALDIS was dead. The Overseers’ Account Book for Wacton from 1756 includes payments not only for wood, for example, but also “for Mr Dod’s children a number of payments at 3 shillings a week totalling £4 and 3 shiilings”. A later entry records a payment “to Elizabeth Aldis for a journey to Bixley upon Mr Dod’s account with a copy of his order 2 shillings”. These entries make clear that there was a bastardy order against Mr DOD for the upkeep of these children, and that Elizabeth had been to a local Justice of the Peace with the order to enforce backdated payments. It would seem, then, that Abigail and Phoebe, though not baptised until 1757, were born in 1756. It can also be noted that there was a Francis DOD in Tasburgh who had a daughter, Jessicka, with his wife Sarah in 1755. Clearly Elizabeth was back in Wacton by 1756, and at some point she became Benjamin’s housekeeper, although precisely when is not known. Benjamin took over some copyhold land belonging to the Manor of Wacton in 1775, and he died in 1795. Elizabeth’s older daughters were both married by 1774, so Benjamin’s Will provides for her younger daughters who would have been living with him and Elizabeth. He also provides for Phoebe’s daughter Elizabeth and, through her, for her mother after the death of her grandmother Elizabeth, the housekeeper. | http://www.aldis-day.name/the_quaker_connection?page=0%2C3 |
Parents:
Harold Keith Benjamin
&
Elizabeth Ann Billyard
Siblings (3):
Lori Benjamin
,
Carol Benjamin
,
John Benjamin
Partner:
? Wells
Life Events:
[Date]
[Event]
Partnered with
? Wells
Last updated 29 Jan 2020 by
Andrew Billyard
Other Actions: | http://billyard.ca/~jaf/cgi-bin/printfam.cgi?searchid=I4039 |
Qualcomm products mentioned within this post are offered by Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.
Augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), mixed reality (MR) — how many terms do we need to describe immersive mobile experiences? Just one, really: extended reality (XR).
This umbrella term is meant to cover, well, everything as it relates to the spectrum of real and virtual environments. While it hasn’t been around long, it looks like XR (the term and technology) is here to stay. And its future looks bright; Head of XR Hugo Swart thinks “there’s going to be nothing more impactful than XR into our lives.”
In the first of two episodes on the subject of XR, our team of experts discusses the differences between AR, VR, MR and XR. They also provide a behind-the-scenes look at Qualcomm’s four-pillar strategy for XR, everything from our silicon to partnerships.
Referenced in this podcast: | https://www.qualcomm.com/news/podcast/2019/09/30/episode-32-extended-reality-we-just-made-you-superhero-podcast |
The fast development of Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) solutions over the last few years are transforming the ways in which people interact, work and communicate. Extended Reality (XR) is combining both, real and virtual environments with humans and systems all over the virtuality-reality continuum including all technologies together into one united solution. As the XR industry is growing, that has as well increased the research about it. Therefore, this special session plans to focus on state-of-art research about Quality and User Experience in XR including all different fields from use cases such as gaming and entertainment over serious gaming in learning, sports, health, therapy and psychology; different types of interactivity, from 360° videos to multimodal interactive XR systems; different immersive analytics, design and visualization; and different methods and assessment of user experience (UX) and quality of experience (QoE). | https://qomex2021.itec.aau.at/special-session-3/ |
AUGMENTED ENTERPRISE SUMMIT 2023 SPEAKER
JB is a Global Learning Technology & Immersive Technology Business Leader in the application of digital technologies to drive value and engagement. Lead with a practical approach focused on solving critical business problems, increasing competitive through effective use of technology.
Entrepreneurial thought leader building awareness of opportunities of emerging technologies including AR, VR. Build, design and drive the strategy for use of learning technologies as well as immersive technology (AR, VR MR).
Extensive experience collaborating with cross-functional global teams, leading teams with expertise in learning platforms & technology, data & analytics, helpdesk & support, training operations, learning experience design, quality assurance, learning deployment & translation.
Frequent Public Speaker on emerging Extended Reality technologies, JB was featured at EWTS 2020 and AWENite Houston, VR/AR Global Summit 2021 and EWTS 2021, and Augmented Enterprise 2022. | https://augmentedenterprisesummit.com/speakers/2023-jean-baptiste-farge/ |
Bhopal is the capital of the state of Madhya Pradesh and has been selected under National Smart Cities program’s first round for integrated urban development. It is also known as the city of lakes after several natural and artificial lakes that dot the city. It has an estimated urban population of 2.0 million.
The old city of Bhopal is home for small and medium industries covering electrical goods, medicinal products, cotton, chemicals, jewellery, flour milling, cloth weaving, painting, matches and wax manufacturing, and sporting equipment. It also houses the Bharath Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL), which is one of the largest engineering companies in India that manufactures coal-fired power plant boilers (among many other heavy machinery). Mandideep, another industrial suburb to the south of the city, is the largest industrial area in Madhya Pradesh, with exports worth 2,300 crores per year. Industries in this estate include Hindustan Electro Graphite (HEG), Lupin Laboratories, and Eicher tractors.
Bhopal is also synonymous with the Union Carbide Bhopal Disaster. In the early 80’s it was the site of one of the worst industrial disasters – a gas leal of Methyl Isocyanate at the Union Carbide plant. Like most cities in India, Bhopal does not have a reliable monitoring network (only 2 manual stations are supposed to have credible data). With multiple sources responsible for pollution in the city, the city needs to create an integrated system to deal with air pollution.
To assess Bhopal’s air quality, we selected 40km x 40km of urban airshed. This domain is further segregated into 1km grids, to study the spatial variations in the emission and the pollution loads.
We present below a summary of the ambient monitoring data available under the National Ambient Monitoring Program (NAMP), operated and maintained by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB, New Delhi, India). In Bhopal, there are no continuous air monitoring stations (CAMS). There are 5 manual stations reporting data on PM10, SO2, and NO2.
Satellite Data Derived Surface PM2.5 Concentrations:
The results of satellite data derived concentrations are useful for evaluating annual trends in pollution levels and are not a proxy for on-ground monitoring networks. This data is estimated using satellite feeds and global chemical transport models. Satellites are not measuring one location all the time, instead, a combination of satellites provide a cache of measurements that are interpreted using global chemical transport models (GEOS-Chem) to represent the vertical mix of pollution and estimate ground-based concentrations with the help of previous ground-based measurements. The global transport models rely on gridded emission estimates for multiple sectors to establish a relationship with satellite observations over multiple years. These databases were also used to study the global burden of disease, which estimated air pollution as the top 10 causes of premature mortality and morbidity in India. A summary of PM2.5 concentrations from this exercise, for the city of Bhopal is presented below. The global PM2.5 files are available for download and further analysis @ Dalhousie University.
We compiled an emissions inventory for the city of Bhopal for the following pollutants – sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs), carbon dioxide (CO2); and particulate matter (PM) in four bins (a) coarse PM with size fraction between 2.5 and 10 μm (b) fine PM with size fraction less than 2.5 μm (c) black carbon (BC) and (d) organic carbon (OC), for year 2015 and projected to 2030.
We customized the SIM-air family of tools to fit the base information collated from the central pollution control board, state pollution control board, census bureau, national sample survey office, ministry of road transport and highways, annual survey of industries, central electrical authority, ministry of heavy industries, municipal waste management, geographical information systems, meteorological department, and publications from academic and non-governmental institutions.
This emissions inventory is based on the available local activity and fuel consumption estimates for the selected urban airshed (presented in the grid above) and does not include natural emission sources (like dust storms, lightning) and seasonal open (agricultural and forest) fires; which can only be included in a regional scale simulation. These emission sources are accounted in the concentration calculation as an external (also known as boundary or long-range) contribution to the city’s air quality.
The emissions inventory was then spatially segregated at a 0.01° grid resolution in longitude and latitude (equivalent of 1 km) to create a spatial map of emissions for each pollutant (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx, CO and VOCs). The gridded PM2.5 emissions and the total (shares by sector) emissions are presented below.
Gridded PM2.5 Emissions (2015)
Total PM2.5 Emissions by Sector 2015-2030
Total Estimated Emissions by Sector for 2015 (units – mil.tons/year for CO2 and tons/year for the rest)
|PM2.5||PM10||BC||OC||NOx||CO||VOC||SO2||CO2|
|TRAN||1,750||1,850||700||600||3,100||40,000||12,750||150||0.84|
|RESI||700||700||200||300||300||8,500||1,000||200||0.26|
|INDU||850||850||100||150||1,150||1,000||550||500||0.35|
|DUST||1,450||9,000||-||-||-||-||-||-||-|
|WAST||650||700||50||400||-||3,200||650||-||0.00|
|DGST||450||500||250||100||4,350||1,150||100||50||0.20|
|BRIC||50||50||-||-||50||450||50||-||0.00|
|5,900||13,650||1,300||1,550||8,950||54,300||15,100||900||1.65|
TRAN = transport emissions from road, rail, aviation, and shipping (for coastal cities); RESI = residential emissions from cooking, heating, and lighting activities; INDU = industrial emissions from small, medium, and heavy industries (including power generation); DUST = dust emissions from road re-suspension and construction activities; WAST = open waste burning emissions; DGST = diesel generator set emissions; BRIC = brick kiln emissions (not included in the industrial emissions)
We processed the NCEP Reanalysis global meteorological fields from 2010 to 2016 through the 3D-WRF meteorological model. A summary of the data for year 2015, averaged for the district of bhopal is presented below. Download the processed data which includes information on year, month, day, hour, precipitation (mm/hour), mixing height (m), temperature (C), wind speed (m/sec), and wind direction (degrees) – key parameters which determine the intensity of dispersion of emissions.
Windrose Functions for 2013-2016
We calculated the ambient PM2.5 concentrations and the source contributions, using gridded emissions inventory, 3D meteorological data (from WRF), and the CAMx regional chemical transport model. The model simulates concentrations at 0.01° grid resolution and sector contributions, which include contributions from primary emissions, secondary sources via chemical reactions, and long range transport via boundary conditions (represented as “outside” in the pie graph below).
- Modeled urban average ambient PM2.5 concentration is 49.9 ± 6.7 μg/m3 – is above the national standard (40) and ~5 times the WHO guideline (10)
- The city requires at least 18 continuous air monitoring stations to statistically, spatially, and temporally, represent the mix of sources and range of pollution in the city (current status – 5 manual and 0 continuous)
- The modeled source contributions highlight transport (including on road dust), domestic cooking and heating, and open waste burning as the key air pollution sources in the urban areas
- The city has an estimated 42% of the ambient annual PM2.5 pollution (in 2015) originating outside the urban airshed, which suggests that some regional interventions could reduce the pollution loads. This contribution is mostly stemming from coal-fired power plants, large (metal and non-metal processing) industries, and brick kilns located outside the urban airshed towards Indore
- The city needs to aggressively promote public and non-motorized transport as part of the city’s urban development plan, along with the improvement of the road infrastructure to reduce on-road dust re-suspension
- By 2030, the vehicle exhaust emissions are expected to remain constant, if and only if, Bharat 6 fuel standards are introduced nationally in 2020, as recommended by the Auto Fuel Policy
- By 2030, the share of emissions from residential cooking and lighting is expected to decrease with a greater share of LPG, residential electrification, and increasing urbanization. However, since the availability of biomass and coal in the region is high, a fair share of its use is expected to continue, unless an aggressive program is in place a 100% technology shift to cleaner options like LPG and electricity
- Outside the urban airshed, the brick kilns are fueled mostly by coal and agri-waste. These kilns can benefit from a technology upgrade from the current fixed chimney and clamp style baking to (for example) zig-zag, in order to improve their overall energy efficiency. Similarly, the coal-fired power plants need to practice and enforce stricter environmental standards for all the criteria pollutants
- Open waste burning is dispersed across the city and requires stricter regulations for addressing the issue, as the city generates ever more garbage, with limited capacity to sort and dispose of it.
Back to the APnA page. | https://urbanemissions.info/india-apna/bhopal-india/ |
Understanding and Complying with Evolving Steam Boiler Emissions Regulations
This article was originally published in Process Heating’s July 2021 eMagazine.
Steam generation is necessary for industries across the United States to manufacture the products and services we interact with daily. To accomplish such outcomes, however, requires optimizing the steam generation equipment and processes. In addition to addressing cost-effectiveness, safety and reliability, meeting emissions standards is a major concern that organizations face when generating steam for their facilities. Not meeting these regulations — enacted to protect the environment for future generations — damages the environment and can have costly ramifications for the company.
In the United States, at the federal level, the Environmental Protection Agency develops programs to support and enforce the Clean Air Act and other environmental laws enacted by Congress. The 1990 amendments to the Clean Air Act require facilities to reduce the emissions of pollutants that harm the ozone layer, air quality and visibility. (Specifically, the 1990 amendments addressed acid rain, urban air pollution, toxic air emissions and stratospheric ozone depletion.) In addition to any federal requirements, regional and local ordinances and regulations also place emissions restrictions on manufacturers. For instance, in states like California and Oregon, stricter environmental regulations have been enacted.
Beyond a desire to acquire steam generation equipment that meets federal and local emissions standards, many organizations desire solutions that closely align with their sustainability-centered goals. Practicing sustainability throughout an organization, including the industrial process equipment, can increase positive customer perception and reputation. | https://miuraboiler.com/understanding-and-complying-with-evolving-steam-boiler-emissions-regulations/ |
The oil and gas industry has grown dramatically over the last decade.
The advent of hydraulic fracturing (or “fracking”) has allowed oil and gas companies to access large stores of oil and gas that previously were locked in shale rock formations. This fracking-driven boom has resulted in two key types of impacts.
The climate-changing effects from the industry’s substantial releases of methane, a greenhouse gas far more potent than carbon dioxide, and the environmental and human-health effects of the industry’s releases of toxic chemicals and wastes to our air, rivers, drinking water, and land.
The price of this pollution weighs most heavily on rural, low-income, and minority communities in the form of increased exposure to toxic chemicals and related health risks such as cancer, neurological disease, and many other serious health complications. Further, there is a clear link between the volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxide emissions released by oil and gas facilities and smog formation, the main culprit behind increased asthma in the young and elderly, associated hospitalizations, and missed days at school and work.
Oil and gas production, processing, refineries, and petrochemical plants are also some of the largest sources of industrial greenhouse gases in the nation, behind only coal-fired power plants. Tackling emissions from these industries is necessary if we are going to have any hope of averting a climate disaster and achieving the United States’ carbon dioxide emission reduction goals in the coming decades.
EIP strives to reduce toxic releases and greenhouse gas emissions from this industry through a mix of advocacy, regulatory work, and strategic litigation. Our work focuses on the following three key areas:
Stricter Standards and Tougher Enforcement
The oil and gas industry produces vast amounts of toxic air and water pollution and is the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions in the United States. EIP works to reduce these releases and protect communities by pushing federal and state authorities for tighter regulation of air pollution from oil and gas facilities and stronger controls of oil and gas wastes; investigating and bringing lawsuits against facilities for illegal releases to the air, rivers, and drinking water; and representing and working with neighbors to protect against unwanted, large-scale processing, distribution, and petrochemical plants that could destroy their community’s quality of life.
Toxic Pollution
September 2015: EPA issues new air standards restricting the pollution oil refineries can emit and reducing the health risk millions of Americans face from breathing toxic air. EPA took action as a result of a 2012 settlement in a lawsuit filed by EIP and Earthjustice.
May 2016: EIP and allies sue EPA over dangerous drilling and fracking waste. The groups are calling for regulations to stop oil and gas companies from disposing and handling drilling and fracking wastes in ways that threaten public health and the environment.
Greenhouse Gases
February 2016: EIP report finds that low gas prices from fracking has sparked proposals for 44 petrochemical projects in 2015. These projects would increase greenhouse gas pollution by 86 million tons a year, as much as 19 coal-fired power plants.
How Much Pollution: The Public’s Right To Know
The release of toxic air and water pollution and greenhouse gas emissions from the oil and gas industry is notoriously undercounted and underreported. Industry’s lowballing of emissions undermines strict regulations and the public’s ability to understand their risk of exposure. EIP works tirelessly to improve how pollution is reported by this industry.
- October 2015: EPA will propose a rule requiring natural gas processing plants to start reporting toxic pollution to EPA’s Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) in response to a petition and lawsuit filed by EIP and allies.
Community Engagement: Giving Citizens a Voice
EIP works on the ground with grass roots organizations and communities to raise awareness about the health and environmental impacts of the oil and gas industry and to provide citizens with the tools they need to participate fully in the public process when it comes to oil and gas expansion projects. EIP’s Pennsylvania Outreach Coordinator, Lisa Graves-Marcucci, meets with local residents and educates them about what they can do to protect their rights and quality of life. We also work on empowering citizens in Texas, Louisiana, and Baltimore through our targeted reports on pollution, enforcement work, and community monitoring projects.
- The Human Cost of Energy Production: EIP teamed up with the International League of Conservation Photographers to help the public understand the harm the fracking boom is causing to families in Western Pennsylvania and Maryland. The photo storytelling project viscerally portrays the impacts on generations’ old farming communities through the lenses of nationally-known photographers Karen Kasmausaki and Garth Lenz.
- Pennsylvania Citizens’ Toolkit: EIP has developed the “Pennsylvania Citizens’ Toolkit” to help citizens, advocacy groups, and elected officials become better informed about expanding oil and gas operations and the permitting approval process. The toolkit guides citizens through the basic components of the process, while providing information about how to be more engaged and prepared to fight back. | https://environmentalintegrity.org/what-we-do/oil-and-gas/ |
Vietnam, a coastal nation of approximately ninety-four million people, is an important environmental partner for EPA in Asia. EPA is cooperating with Vietnam to strengthen environmental laws, support environmental planning, improve air quality, and reduce exposure to toxics like mercury and dioxin.
How does Vietnam deal with air pollution?
These include stricter regulations on new vehicle emission standards, better traffic control, enforcement of dust management measures for construction sites and transporting trucks, enhanced monitoring of industrial emissions and bans on charcoal stove use in cities.
What is Vietnam doing about climate change?
Vietnam ratified the 2016 Paris Agreement on Climate and committed to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by at least 8 percent by 2030 and to achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030.
What environmental problems does Vietnam have?
According to the State of the Environment 2001 published by the government, the main environmental issues in Vietnam are land degradation, forest degradation, loss of biodiversity, water pollution, air pollution and solid waste management.
Is pollution bad in Vietnam?
Vietnam is suffering from some of the worst air pollution recorded. From 2017 to 2018, the annual average concentration of PM2. 5 (fine particulate matter) within Ho Chi Minh City rose from 23.6 to 26.9 micrograms per cubic meter (µg/m³). … One of the worst pollutants for human health is fine particulate matter (PM2.
What natural disasters happen in Vietnam?
Lying in the tropical monsoon area of the North West Pacific, Vietnam is one of the most disaster-prone countries in the world. It is affected by many kinds of natural disasters such as floods, storms, whirlwinds, flash floods, coastline erosion, droughts and landslides.
Is Vietnam vulnerable to climate change?
The Global Climate Risk Index 2020 ranked Vietnam as the sixth country in the world most affected by climate variability and extreme weather events over the period 1999-2018. … The adaptive capacity of the health sector is an important determinant of community vulnerability to climate change.
What is wrong with the environment?
Our Mother Earth is currently facing a lot of environmental concerns. The environmental problems like global warming, acid rain, air pollution, urban sprawl, waste disposal, ozone layer depletion, water pollution, climate change and many more affect every human, animal, and nation on this planet. | https://phil-a-phuket.com/landmarks/what-is-vietnam-doing-to-protect-the-environment.html |
We anticipate meaningful regulatory developments in 2010 in the air quality context at the federal level, as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ("EPA") continues to rework certain regulatory programs in response to a number of significant court cases from the last several years. EPA will continue to promulgate new regulations and pursue certain enforcement initiatives consistent with the priorities of the Obama administration. Finally, we expect to see additional air quality regulatory developments in 2010 at the state level.
In 2008, the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals ("D.C. Circuit") determined that the federal Clean Air Interstate Rule ("CAIR") was inconsistent with the Clean Air Act ("CAA") and remanded the rule to EPA. Because the Court stayed its mandate vacating CAIR, however, beginning in 2009 states were required to either move forward with implementing their own state-specific CAIR programs or allow implementation of the CAIR Federal Implementation Plan ("FIP"). In the meantime, EPA has been focusing on developing a new regulation to replace CAIR and is expected to issue a proposed rule in March 2010. EPA has stated that it is attempting to develop a CAIR replacement rule that works in concert with other federal regulatory programs affecting the power generation sector. Furthermore, EPA appears to be evaluating a wide variety of regulatory approaches for developing a CAIR replacement rule. For these reasons, EPA may not be able to issue a proposed rule by March 2010.
Also in 2008, the D.C. Circuit vacated the federal Clean Air Mercury Rule ("CAMR"), which regulated mercury emissions from electric generating units. EPA is currently working on a new regulation to replace CAMR and is expected to issue a proposed rule in the near term – possibly in 2010. In particular, EPA has explained that, unlike CAMR, the new regulation will be promulgated pursuant to Section 112(d) of the CAA, which requires EPA to establish standards for emissions of hazardous air pollutants ("HAPs") from specific source categories. It is still unclear, however, how (if at all) EPA's CAIR and CAMR replacement rules will overlap, including, in particular, what compliance options will be available under the respective rules.
EPA has also been concentrating on developing a revised version of the National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Industrial, Commercial and Institutional Boilers and Process Heaters ("Boiler MACT"). The original Boiler MACT, which was vacated by the D.C. Circuit and remanded to EPA in 2007, established hydrogen chloride, particulate matter, mercury, and carbon monoxide emission limits for various new and existing affected units located at major sources of HAPs. EPA is expected to issue a proposed revised Boiler MACT in April 2010. Because EPA failed to promulgate a revised Boiler MACT in accordance with the deadlines established by the D.C. Circuit, states were required to begin implementation of the "MACT Hammer" for the Boiler MACT in 2009. Indeed, many states, including Pennsylvania, have already collected Part 1 and Part 2 MACT applications to establish specific standards for Boiler MACT sources, but many of these same states have also indicated that they will not act on these applications to allow EPA to develop a revised Boiler MACT.
In 2009, the D.C. Circuit remanded the 2006 primary annual National Ambient Air Quality Standards ("NAAQS") for fine particulate matter, or "PM2.5" to EPA for reconsideration, finding that EPA failed to explain adequately why an annual level of 15 µg/m3 is requisite to protect the public health. The Court also remanded to EPA the 2006 secondary NAAQS for PM2.5, determining that EPA unreasonably concluded that the NAAQS are adequate to protect the public welfare from adverse effects on visibility. In response to the Court's findings, in October 2009, EPA announced an accelerated schedule for issuing new NAAQS for PM2.5. Specifically, EPA intends to propose new NAAQS for PM2.5 by July 2010 and implement a final rule by April 2011. In the meantime, states are continuing to promulgate revisions to their New Source Review ("NSR") programs to implement NSR for PM2.5 and its precursors, in accordance with the May 2008 EPA rule establishing the NSR requirements for PM2.5.
Also at the federal level, EPA is expected to determine whether to strengthen the NAAQS for ground-level ozone by August 2010. If EPA issues revised ozone standards, the new standards would replace the existing ozone NAAQS issued in 2008 and associated implementation requirements, including area source designations. EPA would then be required to initiate a new process to designate attainment and nonattainment areas based on the new standards.
EPA was very active in 2007, 2008, and 2009 in promulgating standards under Section 112 of the CAA for various area (non-major) sources of HAPs. Through these rulemakings, EPA is carrying out its "Urban Air Toxics Strategy" under the CAA, which requires EPA to identify a list of at least 30 air toxics that pose the greatest potential health threat in urban areas, and develop standards for source categories representing 90 percent of the emissions of those toxics. EPA is anticipated to continue its rulemaking activity in 2010, promulgating standards governing toxic emissions from industrial boilers, institutional and commercial boilers, sewage sludge incineration, and brick and structural clay source categories. Most recently, EPA announced on February 17, 2010, its revision of the existing standards (at 40 CFR Part 63 Subpart ZZZZ) governing stationary compression ignition reciprocation internal combustion engines to now cover existing engines at area sources.
On the New Source Review/Prevention of Significant Deterioration ("NSR/PSD") front, EPA may continue in 2010 to scale back some of the flexibility established by the Bush administration. In particular, EPA has granted reconsideration and/or stayed the following actions: (1) EPA's final rule of December 19, 2007, known as the "reasonable possibility" rule, which specified the circumstances under which a major source undergoing a modification that does not trigger NSR/PSD must undertake post-change recordkeeping and reporting regarding emission increases; (2) certain aspects of EPA's May 2008 rule addressing NSR/PSD provisions for PM2.5, including specifically the "grandfathering" provision under which sources which had submitted complete permit applications prior to the rule’s July 15, 2008 effective date may continue to rely on the use of PM-10 as a surrogate for PM2.5 for purposes of the pending application; (3) EPA's December, 2008 rule clarifying that fugitive emissions must be included in determining whether a physical or operational change amounts to a major modification only for those sources specifically identified under Section 302(j) of the CAA; and (4) EPA's January, 2009 "aggregation rule" which clarified the circumstances under which multiple projects at a major source may be evaluated separately for purposes of NSR/PSD applicability evaluations. EPA may act on some or all of these rules this year. As of February 4, 2010, EPA has proposed to repeal the PM2.5 grandfathering provision, and to stay the fugitive emissions rule for an additional 18 months. In addition, the White House is reportedly considering a reconsideration of the "aggregation rule" which is currently stayed until May, 2010.
Consistent with its apparently more stringent interpretations of NSR issues, EPA's air enforcement priorities in 2010 will continue to include NSR/PSD compliance, with a focus on coal-fired power plants, sulfuric and nitric acid manufacturing facilities, cement manufacturing facilities, and glass manufacturing facilities. In 2009, EPA assessed a total of $5.3 million in penalties against these industries, and required pollution control measures valued at $318 million. Air toxics will also continue to be an enforcement focus, including for facilities subject to Maximum Achievable Control Technology ("MACT") standards governing leak detection and repair, operation of industrial flares, and surface coatings. In 2009, EPA assessed a total of $0.34 million in penalties against these industries, and required pollution control measures valued at $0.19 million. EPA's proposed air enforcement priorities for fiscal years 2011 through 2013 are also currently under consideration. EPA's focus on air toxics will continue, including federal leak detection and repair ("LDAR") requirements and industrial flares, and will also include a geographic initiative to focus on compliance of large emitters of hazardous air pollutants in disproportionately affected areas. NSR/PSD enforcement would also continue, with an added focus on the lime manufacturing sector. In addition to its sector-based enforcement priorities, EPA has identified a need to address environmental justice concerns by focusing on compliance and enforcement across all sectors in underserved and disadvantaged communities.
At the state level, on February 6, 2010, the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection ("PADEP") issued proposed regulations that would revise Pennsylvania’s Chapter 127 permitting requirements to incorporate nonattainment NSR requirements for PM2.5. The revisions would address federal NSR requirements for fine particulates, including the identification of major source NSR emission thresholds for PM2.5, significance thresholds for modifications, and the identification of sulfur dioxide ("SO2") and nitrogen oxides ("NOx") as precursors to fine particle pollution. DEP's proposal differs from the federal rules in one significant respect, in that it would extend Pennsylvania's unique "de minimis aggregation" provisions to NSR determinations for fine particulates. Specifically, these provisions of PADEP's existing regulations may result in an NSR "trigger" at major sources, even where the proposed change would result in an emission increase below the significant threshold for the pollutant. In these circumstances, sources are required to aggregate emission increases of the relevant pollutant over a ten-year period, including increases associated with the proposed modification. To the extent that this aggregation of emissions exceeds the significance threshold for major modifications, then the source operator must secure emission reduction credits to offset the aggregate emission increases. Since the significant net emission increase level for major modifications of PM2.5 is only ten tons per year, aggregation of de minimis increases over a ten-year period would cause many facilities to trigger NSR for PM2.5. Given an anticipated shortage of PM2.5 credits, and the less stringent federal requirements, this aspect of the proposed rulemaking may create a disadvantage for Pennsylvania facilities considering modifications. The comment period for the proposed rule closes on April 12, 2010.
Additionally, PADEP is expected to propose rules under the Pennsylvania Air Pollution Control Act that would limit NOx emissions from electric generating units and emergency generators used during non-emergency periods that operate less than 1,200 hours per ozone season and generate electricity during periods of peak electric demand, including high electric demand days ("HEDD"). PADEP believes regulation is necessary because these units produce aggregate emissions of NOx on peak electric demand days that reduce or eliminate the environmental benefit of NOx emission reductions achieved on peak demand days by the larger electric generating units currently regulated under CAIR.
In New Jersey, the Department of Environmental Protection ("NJDEP") Air Quality Permitting program continues to work with industrial stakeholders on various permitting concerns, including the clarification of issues surrounding temporary equipment at Title V facilities, health risk assessments for diesel particulate emissions from internal combustion engines, State-of-the-Art manual updates, and Title V renewals. NJDEP is also anticipated to finalize its presumptive MACT standard for industrial, commercial and institutional boilers, and process applications by affected facilities. | https://www.mankogold.com/publications-176.html |
The Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) has rebutted claims that it supports proposals to ‘weaken’ European standards on emissions from energy from waste plants.
This follows comments by the environmental campaign group Greenpeace last week, relating to Europe-wide discussions over changes to emissions limits set out under the Industrial Emissions Directive.
In a post on its ‘Unearthed’ website Greenpeace claimed that the UK ‘opposed stricter rules on the emissions of nitrogen oxides and monitoring of mercury’ during negotiations with EU nations and the European Commission in April 2018.
The IED is an EU law which seeks to reduce the environmental impact of industrial activities.
Under the Directive, all industrial installations, including waste incineration plants, must have an environmental permit which sets requirements to limit environmental harm through emissions to air, water and land.
Permits include limits for the emission of pollutants including nitrogen oxides (NOx) which are harmful to human health, mercury and sulphur dioxide.
These limits are based upon the ‘Best Available Techniques’ available to industry – known as BATs – which are outlined in reference documents, known as BREFs.
At present, updates to the BREF for waste incineration are being discussed at a European level, with proposed changes to the document having been outlined by the European Commission at a meeting in Seville in April.
Current limits allow daily average NOx emissions of 200mg/Nm3 from waste incineration plants, but proposals have been tabled to reduce this limit by 2024.
In early 2019, EU member states will meet to vote on proposals to reduce these to 150mg for existing plants, while a clause under consideration could allow this to be set at 180mg where plants cannot employ selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technologies to reduce NOx.
Green groups have suggested that the addition of the clause, which is supported by the UK government, effectively undermines the effort to reduce air pollution from energy from waste plants, as plants in the UK do not employ SCR technologies.
However, this claim has been countered by Defra, which has said that the proposals would ‘still represent a 10% reduction in the allowed upper limit [on NOx emissions], which the UK fully supported’.
And, Defra has claimed that the UK ‘continues to support work to develop the draft BREF’ and its overarching goals of controlling emissions from this sector.
A Defra spokesperson, added: ”The UK is actively engaging in constructive discussions with EU member states around ongoing work to agree effective solutions to regulating emissions from the waste incineration sector.
The government’s draft Clean Air Strategy – which is expected to be finalised before the end of the year – contains a raft of proposals aimed at reducing emissions from a range of non-transport sources. | https://airqualitynews.com/2018/10/30/defra-rebuts-claim-of-weakening-efw-emissions-standards/ |
AUGUST 22, 2018 -- The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is taking steps to address emissions of the chemical ethylene oxide from some types of industrial facilities across the country.
EPA is addressing ethylene oxide based on the results of the latest National Air Toxics Assessment (NATA), which identified the chemical as a potential concern in several areas across the country. NATA is the Agency’s nationwide air toxics screening tool, designed to help EPA and state, local and tribal air agencies identify areas, pollutants or types of sources for further examination.
The 2014 NATA uses emissions data from the latest National Emissions Inventory (2014 is the most recent data available), along with the latest scientific information on air toxics and health, to estimate long-term air toxics exposures and potential public health risk in census tracts across the United States.
NATA estimates long-term risks – those that may occur from breathing air containing elevated levels of air toxics continuously for many decades. It does not estimate short-term (acute) or intermediate risks. However, based on an examination of available data, EPA does not expect ethylene oxide levels in the air in these areas to be high enough to cause immediate harm to health.
Nationwide, total emissions of air toxics are declining, and air quality monitoring data show that concentrations of many toxics in the air, such as benzene, also are trending downward.
Despite these trends, some local areas still face challenges. The 2014 NATA estimates that ethylene oxide significantly contributes to potential elevated cancer risks in some census tracts across the U.S. (less than 1 percent of the total number of tracts). These elevated risks are largely driven by an EPA risk value that was updated in late 2016.
Ethylene oxide is a flammable, colorless gas used to make other chemicals that are used in making a range of products, including antifreeze, textiles, plastics, detergents and adhesives. Ethylene oxide also is used to sterilize equipment and plastic devices that cannot be sterilized by steam, such as medical equipment.
EPA has begun reviewing its air toxics emissions standards for miscellaneous organic chemical manufacturing facilities, some of which emit ethylene oxide.
The Agency also plans to take a closer look at its rules for other types of facilities, beginning with its emissions standards for commercial sterilizers.
EPA also is gathering additional information on industrial emissions of ethylene oxide, which may include data from testing at some types of facilities.
This information will help EPA as it evaluates opportunities to reduce ethylene oxide emissions as part of its regulations review.
It also will help the Agency determine whether more immediate emission reduction steps are necessary in any particular locations.
Ethylene oxide in the air can come from different types of sources, including industries such as chemical manufacturers and sterilizers.
Long-term exposure to ethylene oxide can irritate the eyes, skin, nose, throat, and lungs, and harm the brain and nervous system (causing effects such as headaches, memory loss, numbness). Studies show that breathing air containing elevated ethylene oxide levels over many years increases the risk of some types of cancers, including cancers of the white blood cells (such as non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, myeloma and lymphocytic leukemia); and breast cancer in females.
EPA will review Clean Air Act regulations for facilities that emit ethylene oxide to ensure that they protect the public from significant risk. The Agency has begun its review of its air toxics emissions standards for miscellaneous organic chemical manufacturing (often referred to as the “MON”). EPA last updated this rule in 2006 and is under a court order to complete review of the rule by March 2020. As part of this review, the Agency will consider risks to health and the environment, along with advances in work practices, processes or emission controls that can further reduce air toxics emissions.
The Agency also plans to take a closer look at air toxics emissions standards for other industries that emit ethylene oxide to determine whether a review of those rules is needed. EPA will start this closer look with its air toxics emissions standards for commercial sterilizers.
As part of its review of rules, EPA will gather additional information on industrial emissions of ethylene oxide, including where emissions occur, how those emissions can be controlled, and how current emission controls can be improved. The Agency also may seek information from emissions testing at facilities that emit ethylene oxide, focusing first on areas where NATA estimates elevated cancer risk.
For ethylene oxide, facility emissions testing, combined with air quality modeling, can provide a more complete picture of ethylene oxide in the air in an area than air quality monitoring can currently provide. Existing monitoring methods are not sensitive enough to detect ethylene oxide at all levels in the outdoor air. EPA is actively working to develop new techniques for measuring ethylene oxide in the outdoor air.
In addition, data from emissions testing can be used in the review and development of air toxics regulations; data from air quality monitoring cannot. Under the Clean Air Act, air toxics regulations focus on setting limits on the amount of a pollutant an industrial facility can emit to the air.
The information EPA obtains will help the Agency as it evaluates opportunities to reduce ethylene oxide emissions as part of its regulations review. It also will help EPA determine whether more immediate emission reduction steps are necessary in any locations.
For more information on ethylene oxide, and for updates on EPA’s efforts to address risk from this chemical in the outdoor air, visit https://www.epa.gov/ethylene-oxide .
To learn more about NATA, and to see the 2014 NATA results, visit https://www.epa.gov/national-air-toxics-assessment . | https://www.epa.gov/hazardous-air-pollutants-ethylene-oxide/fact-sheet-epa-taking-steps-address-emissions-ethylene-oxide |
Since the 1970s, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has been responsible for establishing and enforcing environmental protection standards worldwide. An important element of these is the mandated monitoring requirements to verify that the standards are being met, especially for emissions into the atmosphere. For many plants, continuous emission monitoring (CEM) systems are a key component of their compliance responsibilities.
Yokogawa: a trusted partner towards 2020 plant emission compliance
The Air Quality Act, 39 of 2004 (AQA) controls air pollution in South Africa. This legislation requires that any operation producing air pollution – which in terms of the Act is referred to as an atmospheric emission – must ensure that they have an effective air quality management plan in place.
Companies must adhere to the national emission standards, which require the monitoring and management of these ambient air pollutants. Certain plants and businesses producing emissions must follow through with Atmospheric Emission License (AEL) applications if they want to operate legally, and within environmental and health responsibilities.
As it stands, the Department of Environmental Affairs has issued a list of activities detailing atmospheric emissions that could have a detrimental effect on the environment, including health, social, economic and ecological conditions. The deadline for the compliance of emissions in South Africa is April 2020. These listed activities and associated minimum emission standards are identified in terms of the National Environmental Management: Air Quality Act (2004).
The standards apply under normal operating conditions to permanently operating facilities, as well as experimental (pilot) plants. An averaging period is used so that the minimum emission standards are expressed in a daily average under normal conditions. Specific emission measurements are applicable using standardised sampling and analysis methods, which are provided for in the Act.
Why emission monitoring?
The goal of emission monitoring is to reduce air pollution caused by toxic gases like SO2, NOx etc. emitted from the burning of fossil fuels. Under the USEPA CFR40 part 60, each plant must continuously measure and record its emissions of SO2, NOx, and CO2 (+O2). In most cases, a continuous emission monitoring (CEM) system is required.
The standard system consists of a sample probe, filter, sample line, gas conditioning system, calibration gas system, and a series of gas analysers which reflect the parameters being monitored.
Typical monitored emissions include: sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride, airborne particulate matter, mercury, volatile organic compounds and oxygen.
All CEM systems must be in continuous operation and need to be able to sample, analyse and record data. They are usually housed in a field-mountable enclosure, where the sample gas is extracted, conditioned and analysed. The data is then processed via the required calibration validation calculations or procedures. The unit also serves as a data acquisition system, storing relevant emissions calibrations and alarms.
Applications of CEM systems include: petrochemical (process heaters and FCC units); power plants (stack monitoring); steel plants (furnaces).
Industrial boilers (CEMS may be required depending upon the size of the plant); municipalities and utilities (accurate and reliable CEMS are a necessity); pulp and paper (a variety of emissions sources including power and recovery boilers); cement kilns; and mining.
Customised environmental measurement solutions to comply with CFR40 part 60
Services available cover the entire spectrum of analytical system design, equipment selection, and system manufacture. With extensive experience in the analytical products from other manufacturers, each system can be tailored with the optimum selection of equipment to provide the most cost-effective solution. Available products and services include:
• Field audits of installation sites.
• Selection of analyser types to perform the measurements.
• Complete sample system and automated calibration design.
• Data acquisition systems to gather and report the data needed for both federal and state agencies.
Comprehensive field service capabilities
Professional installation, start-up and commissioning, as well as training on the proper operation and maintenance of the analysers, is available to ensure the long-term reliable performance of the analytical system.
Yokogawa has the experience and resources to work with customers during all phases of the field installation and commissioning and the Analytical Service Team has the expertise to provide service and maintenance on nearly any type of analyser on the market. Other available support services include:
• Coordination of the Relative Accuracy Test certification.
• Priority technical support service (on call).
• Remote monitoring and diagnostics services.
• Annual service maintenance contracts.
Yokogawa has successfully commissioned CEM systems in many process industries like power, refining, petrochemicals, cement, sugar, paper and mining. The capable customer service support team assists with installation, commissioning and maintenance of these analysis systems. A plant operating at optimum levels goes a long way towards ensuring that sites are compliant with regulations, and as such, CEM systems are able to provide the mandated data as well as minimise long-term operational costs. | https://www.instrumentation.co.za/61064n |
The overall goal of this study is to investigate the relationship between endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), specifically select phthalates and persistent organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and risk of endometriosis in reproductive-age women. There is emerging concern about the safety of phthalates, man-made chemicals used in the manufacturing of many household items including plastics and personal care products. Nearly ubiquitous detection of several phthalate metabolites in the US population suggests widespread exposure. Similarly concerning, OCPs are pesticides that continue to persist in the environment despite being banned or restricted in use over the past several decades. Both phthalates and OCPs are EDCs that mimic or alter endogenous hormone activity, however, little data exists about the potential adult human health effects posed by these EDCs. This study will address this gap in knowledge by investigating the impact of adult exposure to phthalates and OCPs in relation to a prevalent female reproductive condition. Endometriosis, characterized by the implantation of endometrial tissue outside the uterus, affects approximately 8-10% of reproductive age women in the US and is associated with severe pelvic pain and infertility. The central hypothesis in this study is that exposure to phthalates or OCPs during the menstrual cycle results in structural changes in hormonally- responsive endometrial tissue that alter the dynamic regulation of tissue proliferation and breakdown and thus increase the risk of endometriosis. To test this hypothesis, a population-based case-control study will be conducted among women ages 18-49 who are enrollees of a large, mixed-model health care system in Washington State using archived biosamples and data collected in the """"""""Women's Risk of Endometriosis"""""""" study and continuation study of recurrence (R01 HD33792) and the """"""""Persistent Organic Pollutants and Endometriosis Risk"""""""" ancillary study (EPA grant no. R829438). The study will analyze archived urine specimens from 135 cases and 165 controls for phthalate metabolite levels and will use data from serum previously analyzed for OCPs among 251 cases and 538 controls linked to the wealth of existing study data to address the primary aims: to test whether the risk of endometriosis is associated with urinary levels of 8 phthalate metabolites, to test whether the risk of endometriosis is associated with serum levels of 14 OCPs, or self-report of OCP exposure, and to identify predictors associated with the upper quartile of urinary phthalate metabolite levels, or serum OCP levels, among controls. The secondary aims are to test whether the risk of endometriosis recurrence is associated with 8 urinary phthalate metabolite levels, or serum levels to 14 OCPs and to examine the correlation between serum levels of 14 OCPs and self-report of exposure to 14 OCPs among controls. The proposed project will make an important contribution to the National Institute of Nursing Research's research program to integrate biology and behavior to advance science. The results of this study will address the gap in knowledge about the potential adverse effects of phthalates and OCPs on human health.
This study investigates the relationship between adult exposure to phthalates and organochlorine pesticides in relation to endometriosis, a common female reproductive condition that is associated with infertility and chronic pelvic pain. The findings of this study have the potential for considerable public health importance given the widespread exposure of the US population to phthalates, the environmental persistence of organochlorine pesticides, and the adverse reproductive effects exhibited by these chemicals in female animal studies. | https://grantome.com/grant/NIH/F31-NR013092-02 |
Skip to main content
It looks like you're using Internet Explorer 11 or older. This website works best with modern browsers such as the latest versions of Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge. If you continue with this browser, you may see unexpected results.
CCBC Library
Research Guides
Mathematics
Statistics
Search this Guide
Search
Mathematics: Statistics
Home
History of Mathematics
Pre-Algebra
Algebra
Geometry
Statistics
Pre-Calculus
Trigonometry
Discrete Mathematics
Calculus
Linear Algebra
Differential Equations
Research Basics
Library Catalog
Keyword
Title
Author
Call Number
ISBN/ISSN Number
On Shelf at CCBC Libraries
The Joy of Statistics
by
Steve Selvin
The vast majority of statistics books delineate techniques used to analyze collected data. The Joy of Statistics is not one of these books. It consists of a series of 42 "short stories", each illustrating how statistical methods applied to data produce insight and solutions to the questionsthe data were collected to answer. Real-life and sometimes artificial data are used to demonstrate the often painless method and magic of statistics. In addition, the text contains brief histories of the evolution of statistical methods and a number of brief biographies of the most famousstatisticians of the 20th century. Sprinkled throughout are statistical jokes, puzzles and traditional stories. The levels of statistical texts span a spectrum, from elementary to introductory to application to theoretical to advanced mathematical.This book explores a variety of statistical applications using graphs and plots, along with detailed and intuitive descriptions, and occasionally a bit of 10th grade mathematics. Examples of a few of the topics included among these "short stories" are pet ownership, gambling games such as roulette,blackjack and lotteries, as well as more serious subjects such as comparison of black/white infant mortality risk, infant birth weight and maternal age, estimation of coronary heart disease risk and racial differences in Hodgkin disease. The statistical descriptions of these topics are in many casesaccompanied by easy to understand explanations labelled "How it Works."
Call Number: QA276 .S45 2019
Statistics for People Who (Think They) Hate Statistics
by
Neil J. Salkind
The Sixth Edition of Neil J. Salkind's best-selling Statistics for People Who (Think They) Hate Statistics eases student anxiety around an often intimidating subject with a humorous, personable, and informative approach. Salkind guides students through various statistical procedures, beginning with descriptive statistics, correlation, and graphical representation of data, and ending with inferential techniques and analysis of variance. New to this edition is an introduction to working with large data sets and videos of the author demonstrating the various statistical techniques, available via the accompanying free interactive eBook. Interactive eBook also available--FREE when bundled with the print version! See the Power and Value of the Interactive eBook Your students save when you bundle the print version with the interactive eBook version. Order using bundle ISBN 978-1-5063-6445-2. Learn more. CORRECTIONS: There is a small amount of known errors in the first printing of the 6th edition. All corrections can be found in the PDF available on the book's website here. Available with Perusall--an eBook that makes it easier to prepare for class Perusall is an award-winning eBook platform featuring social annotation tools that allow students and instructors to collaboratively mark up and discuss their SAGE textbook. Backed by research and supported by technological innovations developed at Harvard University, this process of learning through collaborative annotation keeps your students engaged and makes teaching easier and more effective. Learn more.
Call Number: HA29 .S2365 2017
Statistics
by
Deborah J. Rumsey
Statistics For Dummies, 2nd Edition (9781119293521) was previously published as Statistics For Dummies, 2nd Edition (9780470911082). While this version features a new Dummies cover and design, the content is the same as the prior release and should not be considered a new or updated product. The fun and easy way to get down to business with statistics Stymied by statistics? No fear? this friendly guide offers clear, practical explanations of statistical ideas, techniques, formulas, and calculations, with lots of examples that show you how these concepts apply to your everyday life. Statistics For Dummies shows you how to interpret and critique graphs and charts, determine the odds with probability, guesstimate with confidence using confidence intervals, set up and carry out a hypothesis test, compute statistical formulas, and more. Tracks to a typical first semester statistics course Updated examples resonate with today's students Explanations mirror teaching methods and classroom protocol Packed with practical advice and real-world problems, Statistics For Dummies gives you everything you need to analyze and interpret data for improved classroom or on-the-job performance.
Call Number: HA29.R84122
Complete Idiot's Guide to Statistics
by
Robert A. Donnelly
Like other science/math Complete Idiot's GuidesR, this book is aimed at high school and college students who need to take statistics to fulfill a degree requirement and follows a standard statistics curriculum. But because statistics is a mathematical topic taught to many nonmathematical people in a manner that often overwhelms them, the presentation of the material focuses on the concepts rather than the computations. Students learn the required math involved, but the focus is on interpreting final results as opposed to the details of the technique.
Call Number: QA276.D655
Elementary Statistics
by
Mario F. Triola
From SAT scores to job search methods, statistics influences and shapes the world around us. Marty Triola's text continues to be the bestseller because it helps students understand the relationship between statistics and the world, bringing life to the theory and methods. Elementary Statistics raises the bar with every edition by incorporating an unprecedented amount of real and interesting data that will help instructors connect with students today, and help them connect statistics to their daily lives. The Twelfth Edition contains more than 1,800 exercises, 89% of which use real data and 85% of which are new. Hundreds of examples are included, 91% of which use real data and 84% of which are new. New coverage of Ethics in Statistics highlights new guidelines that have been established in industry.
Call Number: QA276.12.T76
Databases
ProQuest Science Database
Articles on both the applied and general sciences like computers, transportation, and biology.
Introduction to Statistics by Jeffrey Jacobson
Statistics Help
Statistics and Probability from Khan Academy
Math.com Homework Help: Statistics
Interactive Statistics
Podcasts
The Effective Statistician
in association with PSI
More or Less: Behind the Statistics
Tim Harford and the More or Less team try to make sense of the statistics which surround us. From BBC Radio 4
Online from CCBC Libraries
Understanding Statistics
by
Antony Davies
The modern world is brimming with statistical information--information relevant to our personal health and safety, the weather, or the robustness of the national or global economy, to name just a few examples. But don't statistics lie? Well, no--people lie, and sometimes they use statistical language to do it. Knowing when you're being hoodwinked requires a degree of statistical literacy, but most people don't learn how to interpret statistical claims unless they take a formal course that trains them in the mathematical techniques of statistical analysis. This book won't turn you into a statistician--that would require a much longer and more technical discussion--but it will give you the tools to understand statistical claims and avoid common pitfalls associated with translating statistical information from the language of mathematics to plain English.
Publication Date: 2017
Basic Statistics
by
Tenko Raykov; George A. Marcoulides
Practical Statistics for Educators Fourth Edition by Ruth Ravid-Paper, R&L 2010, $39.95, 232 pg., 1255 net sales ($31,822.34 net revenue)-ebook, R&L 2010, $36.99, 232 pg., 13 net sales ($170.63)
Publication Date: 2012
Using Statistics
by
Gordon Rugg
Written in an informal style, this book guides the reader gently through the field from the simplest descriptive statistics to multidimensional approaches. It's written in an accessible way, with few calculations and fewer equations, for readers from a broad set of academic disciplines ranging from archaeology to zoology.
Publication Date: 2010
Open Textbook
Book: Introductory Statistics (OpenStax) With Multimedia and Interactivity
High School Statistics from OpenStax
Introductory Business Statistics from OpenStax
Associations
Institute of Mathematical Statistics (IMS)
American Statistical Association (ASA)
Promoting Statistical Insight (PSI)
<<
Previous:
Geometry
Next:
Pre-Calculus >>
Last Updated:
Jan 22, 2021 11:11 AM
URL:
https://libraryguides.ccbcmd.edu/mathematics
Print Page
Login to LibApps
Subjects:
Education
,
Science, Mathematics & Technology
,
Student Success
Tags:
algebra
,
arithmetic
,
calculus
,
geometry
,
numerical literacy
, | https://libraryguides.ccbcmd.edu/mathematics/statistics |
The data collected should help to elaborate on your working hypotheses. The main goal is to determine if an assumption of reality is right or wrong (under specific conditions, given sources, methods, operationalized terms, etc.).
Strictly speaking it is not possible to verify a hypothesis since it would be necessary to theoretically measure all imaginable data sets on this hypothesis. Additionally, it is not possible to know all about one object of research. Established facts can suddenly lose their validity due to scientific progress. Newton's mechanics have been falsified by Einstein's theory of relativity, for example. However, it is still in use since its error is not noticeable in everyday life. When writing a scientific paper you search for reasons to falsify a hypothesis. If this is not possible you can assume that this hypothesis is plausible (for the time being).
Example: «There is a statistical relation between tourism and school absences; the hypothesis will therefore not be falsified.»
An additional goal is to deliver an explanation for your higher-level question. This explanation doesn't have to be extensive and can focus on one part of the question only. You declare, for example, why this hypothesis is not verified or with which reservations it could be valid nonetheless.
Example for an explanation: «The revealed statistical relation suggests that children do find means of income in the tourism industry, indeed.»
One often attempts to deliver an explanation by means of a theory previously presented as long as this theory is useful for the problem or question posed before. It is also possible to demonstrate, for example, why a certain theory is not suitable for the problem selected. This is particularly the case when other authors use that theory frequently or when it corresponds to the current opinion but it does not apply (or only partially) in one's own special case.
Research results will find their way back into theory.
Scientific research is only complete when its relation to the current state of the art is established. You have to indicate or at least estimate to which extend the insights gained can be generalized to contribute and explain a problem on a higher level. This leads to the differentiation or relativization of a theory that has then to be edited or replaced as the case may be. | https://www.geo.uzh.ch/microsite/olwa/olwa/en/html/unit1_kap16.html |
His explanation of the rise of capitalism placed the African slave trade, the European extermination of indigenous people in the Americas and colonialism at its heart. A cotton spinning jenny is a machine for spinning cotton. Torn away from these conditions, it is as little capital as gold by itself is money, or as sugar is the price of sugar.
In Capital, Marx writes: The discovery of gold and silver in America, the extirpation, enslavement and entombment in mines of the indigenous population of the continent, the beginnings of the conquest and plunder of India, and the conversion of Africa into a preserve for the commercial hunting of black skins are all things that characterize the dawn of the era of capitalist production. In this passage, Marx shows no prejudice to Blacks ("a man of the black race," "a Negro is a Negro"), but he mocks society's equation of "Black" and "slave" ("one explanation is as good as another").
As the Trinidadian historian of slavery Eric Williams put it: "Slavery was not born of racism: rather, racism was the consequence of slavery." And, one should add, the consequence of modern slavery at the dawn of capitalism.
While slavery existed as an economic system for thousands of years before the conquest of America, racism as we understand it today did not exist.
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - From time immemorial?
The classical empires of Greece and Rome were based on slave labor.
More importantly, encounters in the ancient world between the Mediterranean world and Black Africans did not produce an upsurge of racism against Africans.
In Before Color Prejudice, Howard University classics professor Frank Snowden documented innumerable accounts of interaction between the Greco-Roman and Egyptian civilizations and the Kush, Nubian, and Ethiopian kingdoms of Africa.
But none of these cultural or ideological factors explain the rise of New World slavery or the "modern" notions of racism that developed from it. Racism, it's said, is as old as human society itself.As long as human beings have been around, the argument goes, they have always hated or feared people of a different nation or skin color.They arose and became part of the dominant ideology of society in the context of the African slave trade at the dawn of capitalism in the 1500s and 1600s.Although it is a commonplace for academics and opponents of socialism to claim that Karl Marx ignored racism, Marx in fact described the processes that created modern racism.If we understand white people as originating in what is today Europe, then most slaves in ancient Greece and Rome were white. | http://o-mylands.ru/racism-in-dating-world-280.html |
Other available formats:
Hardback, eBook
Looking for an evaluation copy?
This title is not currently available for evaluation. However, if you are interested in the title for your course we can consider offering an evaluation copy. To register your interest please contact [email protected] providing details of the course you are teaching.
-
Capitalizing on the rich historical record of late antiquity, and employing sophisticated methodologies from social and economic history, this book reinterprets the end of Roman slavery. Kyle Harper challenges traditional interpretations of a transition from antiquity to the Middle Ages, arguing instead that a deep divide runs through 'late antiquity', separating the Roman slave system from its early medieval successors. In the process, he covers the economic, social and institutional dimensions of ancient slavery and presents the most comprehensive analytical treatment of a pre-modern slave system now available. By scouring the late antique record, he has uncovered a wealth of new material, providing fresh insights into the ancient slave system, including slavery's role in agriculture and textile production, its relation to sexual exploitation, and the dynamics of social honor. By demonstrating the vitality of slavery into the later Roman empire, the author shows that Christianity triumphed amidst a genuine slave society.Read more
- Provides a new interpretation of the end of ancient slavery, replacing paradigms of 'transition' between ancient slavery and medieval feudalism
- Treats economic, social and institutional dimensions of slavery, offering a comprehensive interpretation of the Roman slave system
- Uncovers new evidence on an important topic from an exciting period
Customer reviews
Not yet reviewed
Be the first to review
Review was not posted due to profanity×
Product details
- Date Published: April 2016
- format: Paperback
- isbn: 9781107640818
- length: 626 pages
- dimensions: 229 x 152 x 32 mm
- weight: 0.83kg
- contains: 5 b/w illus. 15 tables
- availability: Available
Table of Contents
Part I. The Economy of Slavery: Introduction
1. Among slave systems: a profile of late Roman slavery
2. The endless river: the supply and trade of slaves
3. Oikonomia: households, consumption, and production
4. Agricultural slavery: exchange, institutions, estates
Part II. The Making of Honorable Society: Introduction
5. Semper timere: the aims and techniques of domination
6. Self, family, and community among slaves
7. Sex, status, and social reproduction
8. Mastery and the making of honor
Part III. The Imperial Order: Introduction
9. Citizenship and litigation: slave status after the Antonine constitution
10. The enslavement of Mediterranean bodies: child exposure and child sale
11. The community of honor: the state and sexuality
12. Rites of manumission, rights of the freed
Conclusion: Roman slavery, proto-modernity, and the end of antiquity
Appendices. | https://www.cambridge.org/af/academic/subjects/classical-studies/ancient-history/slavery-late-roman-world-ad-275425?format=PB |
A slave is a disenfranchised person who is held, kidnapped, abused and economically exploited against his will. A slave is a person who is declared the property of another person.
Slavery is an expression of violence between people or human societies. Slavery is an act of submission that goes back to the early days of human cultures.
Instead of killing the defeated enemies after a war, for example, some peoples and groups began to capture them, kidnap and exploit them.
Debt, punishment, discrimination and a craving for profit are the main drivers for people taking possession of other people like goods and enslaving them.
Slavery was widespread in ancient civilizations. The ancient Near Eastern societies of Mesopotamia, Egypt, Judaism, Greece, Rome – most of these ancient cultures would not have been conceivable without the systematic disenfranchisement and exploitation of the slave class.
In ancient Greece, slavery relieved the burden on Athenian citizens, who were given enough leisure and free time to take care of political issues and participate in democratic society. And the Roman Empire was a tough slave-holding society.
In the heyday of Rome, 20,000 Roman citizens were faced with 400,000 slaves who did work without wages in all areas of life.
Historians estimate that the slave trade in the Arab region between the 7th and the 20th centuries was about the same size as the slave trade in the Atlantic-American region between 1450 and 1860.
But slavery also existed in Black Africa long before America was discovered. Since in Africa traditionally property does not primarily mean control of land but control of people, it made sense to swap or sell people.
Between the 7th and 20th centuries, millions of people were sold into slavery in Africa, both across the North and the Sahara and across the East – via the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean.
Finally, in the era of colonization, the slave trade on the African west coast also began, which in turn sold and abducted millions of Africans to the American continent.
The age of the Enlightenment changed the mood in Europe and the first protests against slavery were heard. The abolition of slavery was finally initiated by several factors: the self-liberation of the slaves, for example during the famous slave uprising on Saint-Domingue (today’s Haiti) 1791-1803, by religiously motivated groups such as the Quakers who opposed the slave trade, and by the Abolitionist movement (abolition = abolition, abolition).
Denmark banned trade in people as early as 1722, England joined in 1807. The abolition of slavery in the southern United States at the end of the American Civil War (1865) marked the end of institutionally legitimate slavery in the industrialized nations.
At the end of the 19th century, the slave trade was finally formally prohibited on the African continent.
Human rights: child labor – human rights – history – planet knowledge
New section on child labor Knotting carpets by Ulla Rehbein, hewing stones, slaving as house slaves, working in plantations – working all over the world…
Child labor: child labor in Europe – human rights – history – planet knowledge
New section on child labor in Europe By Ulla Rehbein / Tobias Aufmkolk Oliver Twist and the pit children in English mines: Many people think of that…
Literature: children’s literature – literature – culture – planet knowledge
New section Children’s stories: Every decade has its own heroes. Planet knowledge. 08.11.2018. 02:51 min. Available until November 8th, 2023. WDR …. | https://christinacherry.com/human-rights-slavery-human-rights-history-planet-knowledge.html |
Last night our CEO Steve Murrells shared the Global Citizen Festival stage for the second time, to talk about our campaign against modern slavery – something our members voted to support at our AGM last year.
As well as supporting slavery survivors with training and paid employment, Co-op’s supporting Lord McColl’s Victims of Modern Slavery Bill which asks the Government to extend support for survivors from 45 days, to 12 months.
Last night Steve called on the audience of activists to contact their MP and ask them to back the bill, and we want all colleagues and members to do that too.
You can watch Steve’s stage moment, and find out how you can help slavery survivors on the Co-op blog.
40 million today? That’s not pleasing to the ear/ eyes.
More people enslaved today than before the abolition of slavery as a trade? More people than in Ancient Egypt/ Ancient Rome?
Please can you provide us with the written data to support this? If not, please clarify how we came about using this as a headline.
I’ve checked with Paul our Campaigns Director and this is based on data from the International Labour Organisation, showing there are 40 million people in slavery in the world today. The statement ‘there are more slaves than at any point in human history’ has been used by some of the world’s leading academics, including Professor Kevin Bates (Professor of Contemporary Slavery at the University of Nottingham and co-author of the Global Slavery Index). | https://colleaguestories.coop.co.uk/2018/04/18/there-are-more-people-enslaved-today-than-ever-before-heres-how-you-can-help-thecoopway/ |
The Roman Empire
Two thousand years ago while the Celts were still living in tribes the Romans were the most powerful people in the world. Roman society differed greatly from that of the Celts. It was a slave society divided into antagonistic classes. The main classes were the slaves and the slave-owners. The slave-owners made up the minority of the population but they owned the land, tools, buildings and slaves. The slaves possessed neither land nor tools and were themselves the property of the slave-owners. The slaves could be brought and sold, exchanged or given away like any other thing. They could be kept in chains, whipped and put to death.
Slavery was the first and the most inhuman form of exploitation. The slave owners appropriated almost all the results of the slaves' labour; the slaves were given some food and clothing so that they would not die of starvation and cold. Thus, whatever was produced by the slaves beyond what they needed to keep themselves alive was taken away by their masters. Therefore the slaves were not interested in the results of their labour.
Overseers forced the slaves to work more. The disobedient slaves were severely punished. Government bodies issued acts beneficial to the exploiters. With the help of the army the slave-owners put down the uprising of the exploited. The army also helped the slave-owners to protect their riches against foreign enemies and to wage endless wars in order to conquer new lands and to seize more slaves.
The Romans conquered all the countries around the Mediterranean Sea. In the wars, in which Rome gained one province after another for the empire, many thousands of prisoners were taken. They were sold at the slave-market at Rome. Slaves were so cheap that all the Romans except the poorest had one or more, and rich slave-owners possessed hundreds of them.
In the 1st century BC and in the 1st century AD slavery spread widely in the Roman Empire. Unlike the Ancient East and Greece where the land was cultivated chiefly by peasants, in Rome, very many slaves were engaged in agriculture; large farms in Italy were worked entirely by gangs of slaves. The slave system reached its peak in the Roman Empire. No other country in the ancient world had so many slaves as Rome did. In no other country did slave labour replace that of the freemen on such a large scale. | https://55referatov.ru/doc/referaty_po_naukam_o_cheloveke/angliyskiy_yazyk/3473-the_roman_empire.php |
Subsets and Splits
No saved queries yet
Save your SQL queries to embed, download, and access them later. Queries will appear here once saved.