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Decorative garden with kids We are really lucky to have our own outside space – like most North London gardens where the houses have been divided into flats, we’ve ended up with a long narrow garden. It makes for an interesting challenge particularly as we want to get a mix of practicality (furniture, bbq etc), child friendly space and plenty of plants, flowers and ideally some veg growing as well. When Wayfair challenged me to try and make more use of the space and also create a decorative garden, I was really keen. We decided to maximise the garden in two ways. First of all, we folded up the table and installed a bench which meant that it opened up the space a bit more, and I can still sit out there with my morning coffee, or have somewhere to rest the washing basket. Secondly, we got a plant ladder/stand which has lifted up some of the plants into the sun, and also makes accessing the herbs a bit easier. We headed to the garden centre and allowed Pip to select some plants that she liked, as well as mint, chives, rosemary, sage and thyme, to supplement the herbs we already which had gone a bit sad over the winter. I chose some lavender, ranunculus and other scented plants, which I thought would go nicely either side of the bench and complement the roses which I already have growing in a series of pots. The next stage was for M to put together the items when they arrived. I have to admit we found the bench trickier than anticipated – I thought self assembly would be more like Ikea than having to drill and measure every hole, but we got there in the end, and I started stacking the plants in the various zinc pots and ceramic troughs that I’d chosen from Wayfair, trying to find positions that I liked which worked for the sun, and the plants in question. Pip is pretty keen on them especially now that her beans and nasturtiums and radishes have also been planted out, and enjoys watering them with her little watering can. Once everything was in place I then added the solar lights which also came from Wayfair which Pip is quite keen on – a perfect example of compromise which has to take place when you’re sharing a garden space with kids but don’t really have enough room to have dedicated play items. I’ve really enjoyed sitting out on the bench with a cup of tea whilst little baby 2 sleeps in his pram next to me. Roll on the rest of summer! Bench, plant ladder, solar lamps and a selection of zinc and ceramic pots c/o Wayfair \| Blanket – old vintage wool from here (Junkaholique’s previous shop) \| pillow covered by me in Merchant & Mills striped Hickory denim \| cup – vintage Cornishware He's here! You May Also Like Easter ideas: A bank holiday garden egg huntMarch 25, 2016 Letting in the light with Bifold Doors and Lantern RoofsJuly 14, 2016 Things to do in the school holidays: #DirtisGood – get outside with Persil’s Wild Explorer appJuly 29, 2016 3 Comments - Jess @ Along Came Cherry It looks really pretty 🙂 I need to focus more on our garden, we’ve just moved and once the house has been sorted out it’s on my list of things to do x - Kathryn This post made me smile as just today we went to the garden centre with the kids and they loved picking out their favourite plants and then helped us as we tidied up the front garden. It felt good 🙂 xx - Lottie :: Oyster and Pearl Gorgeous pics and the garden looks fab! Fingers crossed for better weather so you can enjoy it x Leave a Reply Cancel reply This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed.	https://www.thelittlepip.com/decorative-garden/
Why Sort Your Gmail Emails By Size Emails with large attachments can quickly eat up your Gmail inbox space. Over time, you may no longer need these attachments, but the emails become buried in a growing inbox and are hard to find. The best practice: sort Gmail by file size to uncover your biggest storage hogs and delete them once and for all. Learning how to sort Gmail by size is easy and simple to do. It follows a similar process you use to sort Gmail by sender or sort Gmail by date, subject, or name. And, as with any time you need to sort emails in Gmail, you can also enlist the help of tools like Clean Email for faster, automatic cleanup. Let’s look at the specific steps to take. How to Sort Gmail By Size If you aren’t using any third-party tools like Clean Email, you can sort emails directly in your inbox using the Search Mail feature. - Log into your Gmail account and go to your inbox. - Ensure the Primary tab is selected (this is your main inbox). - Go to the Search Mail bar and click the dropdown arrow to open the filter options. - Using the Size option, select Greater Than or Less Than, then specify the file size. If you’re looking for large attachments, you will likely use the Greater Than option. - Click the blue Search button. - The results will automatically be displayed. There are lots of other ways to sort mail in Gmail. For additional reference, check out our article on how to sort Gmail by unread emails. Sort Gmail by Size: Looking for Large Files Large files can take up valuable space in your Gmail account. While sometimes you may need to keep these files, other times you can get rid of them and clear up precious space. Finding the large files in your inbox can take some searching. If you have an idea as to the file size you’d like to find, you can use a simple search function to filter only those emails. - Log into your Gmail account and open your inbox. - Go to the Search Mail bar and type size:[file size]. For example, if you want to find all emails greater than 5 MB, you can type the following: size:5000000. The size you type will be in bytes. - Another option is to search for a range of file sizes using a function. Using the search bar, you can type the following: larger_than:XMB smaller_than:YMB. In this function, you can replace the X and Y with the desired number range. - Click Enter. Receiving large email files takes no effort on your part. If you need to send emails with a large attachment, see our guide on how to send large files via email. Sort Gmail Messages by Size with Clean Email If you’re looking for a faster way to sort email messages by size, a third-party tool like Clean Email is highly valuable. This email sorting app integrates with your Gmail account and allows for greater flexibility as to how your email messages are displayed. The app’s user-friendly interface makes it easy to learn how to sort Gmail by size. Here’s a quick step-by-step tutorial: - Sign in here with your email account. - Choose the folder which messages you would like to sort, e.g. the Unread Emails folder. - When you select the Sort drop-down menu, you can sort in several ways and in ascending or descending order. Choose to sort by size, time, date, and number of emails. If you need to find emails of a certain size in Clean Email, here is how to do it: - Choose All Filters button next to the Search bar on the top of the screen. - Choose an Email size range. - Click Select all to select all messages and choose Group or Sort to further refine your search, e.g. to exclude emails from specific senders. As you input changes to your filters, you will see the results change without taking any further action. How Clean Email Can Simplify Email Management You can define parameters that will automatically sort Gmail by size or other factors. Once you set up these parameters, your inbox works on autopilot to help you check email faster, organize your incoming messages, and even remove messages you’re not interested in reading. The app offers the Smart Views feature, which automatically groups similar types of emails together. This allows you to go through your inbox faster and never miss an important message. It will also help you see emails with files attached, which can be especially helpful when you need Gmail to sort by size. The app also offers Unsubscriber and Auto Clean features to tidy up your inbox without spending time deleting individual emails. Unsubscribe from unwanted emails in bulk and automatically send specific emails to a Read Later folder so they don’t clutter up your main inbox. Most importantly, Clean Email takes user privacy as seriously as you do. The technology behind the tool analyzes senders and subject lines, never the content within the email or attachments. As a result, you can expect a neater, tidier inbox without the hassle of managing it manually and all the peace of mind that your data is safe. FAQs on How to Sort Gmail by Size Can I sort my Gmail by size? Use the search mail bar at the top of your inbox. Type in the file size if you know it or use the dropdown arrow to locate the filter option. You can also use a tool like Clean Email to set up an automatic sort-by-size option. How do I filter emails by size? In Gmail, you can use the search mail bar to input the file size. Type the following function: has:attachment size: [file size] in the bar, specifying it in MB. If you want to simplify how to sort mail, you can use a tool like Clean Email that makes it easy to filter and sort email. How do I delete large emails in Gmail? You can sort Gmail emails by size using the search mail bar. Click the dropdown arrow in the bar, then use the Size option to search for emails greater than a specific file size. A faster way to do this is to use a tool like Clean Email that can sort emails automatically based on predefined parameters.	https://clean.email/how-to-sort-emails/sort-gmail-by-size
Each time I have downloaded a new copy of Rakudo Perl 6, I have run the following expression just to get an idea of its current performance: say [+] 1 .. 100000; And the speeds have been increasing, but each time, there is a noticeable delay (several seconds) for the calculation. As a comparison, something like this in Perl 5 (or other interpreted languages) returns almost instantly: use List::Util 'sum'; print sum(1 .. 100000), "\n"; or in Ruby (also nearly instant): (1 .. 100000).inject(0) {\|sum,x\| sum+x} Rewriting the expression as a Perl6 loop ends up being about twice as fast as reducing the range, but it is still a very noticeable delay (more than a second) for the simple calculation: my $sum; loop (my $x = 1; $x <= 100000; $x++) {$sum += $x} So my question is, what aspects of the Perl6 implementation are causing these performance issues? And should this improve with time, or is this overhead an unfortunate side effect of the "everything is an object" model that Perl6 is using? And lastly, what about the loop construct is faster than the [+] reduction operator? I would think that the loop would result in more total ops than the reduction. EDIT: I'd accept both mortiz's and hobbs's answers if I could. That everything is a being handled as a method call more directly answers why [+] is being slow, so that one gets it. '[A] loop would result in more total ops than the reduction. ? I would've imagined that folding the list results in more computation because it's transforming the list to a single value. The loop doesn't appear to do that. – ZaidJun 28 '10 at 20:32 @Zaid => my reasoning (which might be wrong) was that the loop would have 3 high level ops per iteration (the bounds check, the loop increment, and the $sum increment), whereas the reduction operator would be 2 ops (fetch next item from iterator, add to internal accumulator). – Eric StromJun 28 '10 at 20:46 2 One note here is that comparing to List::Util::sum is more than a bit unfair, since that's a special-purpose function. You should probably be comparing with List::Util::reduce { $a + $b } (1 .. 100000). Mind you, that still runs 50 times per second on my box. – darchJun 28 '10 at 21:39 4 Answers 4 Another thing you have to understand about the lack of optimization is that it's compounded. A large portion of Rakudo is written in Perl 6. So for example the [+] operator is implemented by the method Any.reduce (called with $expression set to &infix:<+>), which has as its inner loop in other words, a pure-perl implementation of reduce, which itself is being run by Rakudo. So not only is the code you can see not getting optimized, the code that you don't see that's making your code run is also not getting optimized. Even instances of the + operator are actually method calls, since although the + operator on Num is implemented by Parrot, there's nothing yet in Rakudo to recognize that you've got two Nums and optimize away the method call, so there's a full dynamic dispatch before Rakudo finds multi sub infix:<+>(Num $a, Num $b) and realizes that all it's really doing is an 'add' opcode. It's a reasonable excuse for being 100-1000x slower than Perl 5 :) Update 8/23/2010 More information from Jonathan Worthington on the kinds of changes that need to happen with the Perl 6 object model (or at least Rakudo's conception of it) to make things fast while retaining Perl 6's "everything is method calls" nature. +1 everything as a runtime dispatched method call definitely explains why we are seeing this level of performance. Any idea when Rakudo is going to support optimization of Num and Str to be handled by Parrot directly? – Eric StromJun 29 '10 at 19:31 The first and maybe most important reason is that Rakudo doesn't do any optimizations yet. The current goals are more explore new features, and to become more robust. You know, they say "first make it run, then make it right, then make it fast". The second reason is that parrot doesn't offer any JIT compilation yet, and the garbage collector isn't the fastest. There are plans for a JIT compiler, and people are working on it (the previous one was ripped out because it was i386 only and a maintenance nightmare). There are also thoughts of porting Rakudo to other VMs, but that'll surely wait till after end of July. In the end, nobody can really tell how fast a complete, well-optimized Perl 6 implementation will be until we have one, but I do expect it to be much better than now. BTW the case you cited [+] 1..$big_number could be made to run in O(1), because 1..$big_number returns a Range, which is introspectable. So you can use a sum formula for the [+] Range case. Again it's something that could be done, but that hasn't been done yet. +1, these are the kind of details I'm looking for (and from a reputable source no less). detecting [+] Range and using the sum formula would be a great optimization. As it stands right now, does [+] treat Range as an iterator, or does it first convert it to a list and then reduce it? From memory, it seems that increasing $big_number resulted in a nonlinear performance regression which would imply listification. Do you know? – Eric StromJun 28 '10 at 21:30 1 Since the June release of Rakudo converting to a list is lazy, and thus really the same as iterating. – moritzJun 29 '10 at 9:46 It certainly isn't because everything is an object, because that's true in a number of other languages too (like Ruby). There's no reason why Perl 6 would have to be magnitudes slower than other languages like Perl 5 or Ruby, but the fact is that Rakudo is not as mature as perl or CRuby. There hasn't been much speed optimization yet. Yep, that's exactly why I added in the Ruby example, because comparing perl5 to perl6 performance just didn't seem fair at all :). Do you know if these issues are on the Parrot side or the Rakudo side? – Eric StromJun 28 '10 at 20:41 I submitted these to Fefe's language competition in December 2008. wp.pugs.pl is a literal translation of the Perl 5 example, wp.rakudo.pl is far more sixier. I have two programs because the two implement a different subset of the spec. Build information is outdated meanwhile. The sources: What's going on with the segfault in the last test, are those times complete? – Eric StromJun 29 '10 at 15:14 I suspect "$IN.lines.split(/\s+/).map: { %words{$_}++ };" should be replaced with "%words{$_}++ for $IN.lines.split(/\s+/);" since map in sink (void) context is currently broken – PatJun 29 '10 at 16:24 1 Replacing this with $*IN.slurp.words instead -- .slurp reads the entire file into a single string, and .words extracts all the words from a string, basically the opposite way of stating split on whitespace -- shaved 80% off the scripts execution time for my 100-line test file. – SolJun 29 '10 at 21:36
The decision to trade in a long_layered hair style for one of the new short hairstyles should be one that any woman makes with the help of her stylist. Many women choose short hairstyles to add height...something that is especially becoming when middle_age creeps in and things begin to "sag" all over. However, rather than short hairstyles, it's often true that an updo hair style is a better way to achieve "lift" and height. Short hairstyles are great as they are not only stylish, but they are also easy to maintain. If you are interested in having short hair, here are some of the best styles that you should go for:	https://unblockedroom.com/short-hairstyles/short-hairstyles-for-round-fat-faces/
Browse Australian Curriculum (version 8.2) content descriptions, elaborations and find matching resources. F-10 Curriculum Solve problems involving the comparison of lengths and areas using appropriate units (ACMMG137) Area, Length 11 direct matches to ACMMG137 \| 9 other related resources Showing the top 20 search results How can you place four trees exactly the same distance apart from one other? By making a model! By using miniature trees to make a model of the problem, it becomes clear that a 2D solution is impossible. We learn how objects can help us visualise the problem situation, which in this case requires a 3D solution: a tetrahedron. Listen as David McKinnon from UNSW describes some of the skills that are useful to have if you want to program robots. David explains an activity that exercises problem solving skills. Why don't you try doing it? Look at a map and find some towns that are close to yours. Use the scale on the map to work out the distances ... There is a saying: 'climate is what you expect and weather is what you get'. \|Understanding climate change is very difficult for most people, especially when the weather we experience is different from the information we are given by scientists about the climate changing. The difference is that weather reflects short-term ... How long is the Australian coastline? See Dr Derek Muller and Simon Pampena discussing the perimeter of the Australian coastline. Find out how the accuracy of that measurement depends on the length of the 'measuring stick' used. They discuss how a coastline is much like a fractal such as 'Koch's Snowflake'! Scientists involved in the Two Bays Project describe data collection methods for their 20-day expedition around Port Phillip and Western Port bays. Watch this clip to view the route mapped out by the scientists. Use Google Maps to recreate the route and calculate the total distance travelled. This lesson plan introduces students to some of Australia's native bee species. Organised in five stages, the lesson plan includes links to videos, scientific and bee-related websites, an information sheet, and downloadable versions of a pictorial slideshow, lesson plan and an assessment rubric. The resource includes suggestions ... Are you interested in becoming a fashion designer? Or an architect? Or a pilot? Did you know that you need maths skills to succeed in all of these careers? Watch this video to learn how fashion designer Cristina uses maths in her work. How does architect Thomas use it? And why is maths important to pilot Paul? Can you think ... In this resource students measure objects of different length in centimetres and millimetres, order lengths from shortest to longest, convert between millimetres, centimetres, metres and kilometres. This is a year 6 mathematics unit of work about keeping pets. The unit is intended to take about 12 hours of teaching and learning time, and is recommended for near the end of the school year. It consists of an introduction, seven sets of student activities, and teacher notes. The student activities include building a word ... This is a unit of work integrating aspects of the year 6 mathematics, English, geography, and economics and business curriculums around planning a nature fun park. The unit is intended to take about eight hours. It consists of eight sets of student activities supported by teacher notes, including mapping, holding discussions, ... Selected links to a range of interactive and print resources for Measurement topics in K-6 Mathematics. Find the area of compound shapes based on rectangles on a grid. Explore how the formula works for finding a rectangle's area. First, estimate the area of a compound shape based on rectangles on a grid. Second, work out the correct formula for finding area by placing rows and columns of squares inside two rectangles. Then, ... Do you know how to work out the area of a square, a rectangle or a triangle? Learn the simple maths formulas needed from this video. What would be the area of a rectangle with a height of 5cm and a length of 3cm? Do you know the formula for working out the area of a square? How about a triangle? Watch this short maths video to learn the formulas for both. This is a sepia-toned photograph, taken in April 1943, of young women at the South Australian Government Printing Office using large machines to staple ration books. This black-and-white photograph shows schoolchildren digging air-raid trenches in the grounds of Ascot State School in Brisbane, Queensland, on 24 January 1942. Working in the slit trenches, knee deep or deeper, the male students use picks and shovels to dig and remove the earth. A man digging with them on the right is ... Help a town planner to design two site plans for a school. Assign regions on a 10x10 grid for different uses such as a playground, canteen, car park or lawn. Calculate the percentage of the total site used for each region. Use a number line to display fractions and equivalent fractions. Solve divisions such as 147/7 or 157/6 (some have remainders). Use a partitioning tool to help solve randomly generated divisions. Learn strategies to do complex arithmetic in your head. Split a division into parts that are easy to work with, use times tables, then solve the original calculation. This is a black-and-white composite photograph, taken by Frank Hurley on the morning after the first battle of Passchendaele during the First World War, showing Australian infantry survivors laying out and placing blankets over dead soldiers around a blockhouse near the site of Zonnebeke Railway Station in Belgium on 12 ... This unit of work for middle and upper secondary students explores the influence of the First World War on the construction of Australian identity. An introductory exploration of the Australian digger myth and legend is followed by five activities framed as investigations. Links are provided to a variety of online resources, ...	https://www.scootle.edu.au/ec/search?accContentId=ACMMG137
Sam Bankman-Fried agrees to extradition to US A court hearing in the Bahamas where Sam Bankman-Fried, the founder of collapsed cryptocurrency exchange FTX, is expected to agree to extradition to the U.S. ended in chaos on Monday, with Mr Bankman-Fried sent back to prison after his past where he was held for a week. A judge ordered the cryptocurrency entrepreneur to return to the Fox Hill jail in Nassau, the capital of the Bahamas, after one of the prosecutors accused Mr. Bankman-Fried’s local defense attorneys of not preparing to proceed. After his arrest in the Bahamas last week, Mr Bankman-Fried initially said he would oppose extradition. But he has changed his mind and is preparing to return to the U.S. to face criminal charges, a person familiar with the matter said over the weekend. A hearing was scheduled for Monday in Nassau District Court. Mr. Bankman-Fried told authorities he would not contest extradition after all. But his local attorney, Jerone Roberts, said he was “appalled” to see his client in court Monday morning and asked to rest for at least 45 minutes to speak to Bankman-Free Mr. De to discuss in private. Mr Roberts then said Mr Bankman-Fried wanted to read the indictment filed by federal prosecutors before making an extradition decision. What to Know About the FTX Crash What is FTX? FTX is a now bankrupt company that was once one of the largest cryptocurrency exchanges in the world. It enables customers to trade digital currencies for other digital or traditional currencies; it also has a native cryptocurrency called FTT. Based in the Bahamas, the company built its business on high-stakes trading options that are not legal in the United States. The chaos in the courtroom is the latest twist in a criminal case sparked by the sudden collapse of FTX, once one of the world’s largest cryptocurrency exchanges. Bahamas-based FTX filed for bankruptcy on November 11. Within a month, federal prosecutors filed criminal charges against Mr. Bankman-Fried, who also faces civil fraud charges from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. It is unclear whether Mr Bankman-Fried will appear in court again this week to resolve the extradition issue. Mark Cohen, his New York-based attorney hired to handle the federal prosecution, did not appear in court in the Bahamas. Mr. Cohen did not respond to a request for comment. Mr. Bankman-Fried, 30, has been held in the Bahamas since his Dec. 12 arrest at his luxury apartment complex. Last week, federal prosecutors announced that a grand jury indicted him on eight counts of wire fraud, securities fraud, money laundering and campaign finance violations. He is accused of using billions of dollars in customer deposits to fund cryptocurrency trading firms he controls, buy vast amounts of real estate, invest in other companies and donate money to politicians. Federal prosecutors and U.S. regulators believe he orchestrated a years-long scheme to defraud customers, investors and lenders. During a bail hearing in the Bahamas last week, Mr Bankman-Fried said he would not waive his right to challenge extradition. After he was refused bail, he was transferred from police custody to the Caribbean island nation’s notorious Fox Hill Prison, which has been widely criticized for its harsh living conditions. He is expected to change his position on the extradition issue when he appears in Nassau District Court on Monday morning. But the lawsuit is in disarray. “Whatever leads him to be here this morning has nothing to do with me,” Mr Roberts told the judge before the packed courtroom. The hearing was adjourned so that Mr. Roberts could speak privately with Mr. Bankman-Fried. Consequences of FTX’s downfall The sudden collapse of cryptocurrency exchanges has shocked the industry. When the hearing resumed, the chaos continued. Mr Roberts said Mr Bankman-Fried wanted to make a decision on the extradition but needed “more information”. He also said Mr Bankman-Fried needed time to speak with his attorney in the US. A court official said Mr Bankman-Fried would be taken back to prison. “I certainly felt it was a wasted day,” Magistrate Shaka Serville said. Outside the Bahamian courthouse, several people, including those who said they had invested in cryptocurrencies and done business with FTX, showed up to express their outrage to Mr. Bankman-Fried. Erin Gambrel, who flew from Dallas to Nassau for the hearing, was one of them. She said she shared office space with FTX in the Bahamas earlier this year, where she met Mr. Bankman-Fried. Ms Gambrel said she would like to see him go “for a long time”. She didn’t invest in FTX, but she said some of her friends did. “He ruined millions of lives,” she said. “He cost my friends their life savings.” In the United States, numerous lawsuits seeking class action status have been filed against Mr. Bankman-Fried.	https://viraltechonly.com/2022/12/19/sam-bankman-fried-agrees-to-extradition-to-us/
WASHINGTON (CN) - By adopting more efficient energy standards for top loading clothes washing machines, the Department of Energy expects to eliminate the need for 18 MW of electricity generating capacity over the next 30 years, according to rules issued by the agency. Consumers who buy machines manufactured under the new standard, which goes into effect in 2013, are expected to see a yearly reduction in energy and water costs of between $50 and $100. This yearly savings will offset an average increase of $214 in the cost of the initial purchase and installation of top-loading washing machines. Current standards, adopted in 2007, require top loading machines to have the capacity to wash 1.26 cubic feet of laundry per kilowatt-hour and to use no more than 9.5 gallons of water while doing so. The new standards will require increasing the washing capacity per kilowatt hour of top loading machines to 1.60 cubic feet and a reduction in the water used to 8.5 gallons. Front loading washers, which account for only 4 percent of washing machine sales, are far more efficient, and under the new standards will wash 2 cubic feet of laundry per kilowatt hour using just 5.5 gallons of water. Click the document icon on the front page for details and a link to the order. The document icon found with the story "Countries Must Consent To Get Spent Batteries" leads to other new regulations. Read the Top 8 Sign up for the Top 8, a roundup of the day's top stories delivered directly to your inbox Monday through Friday.	https://www.courthousenews.com/doe-adopts-new-standards-for-washers/
MARIA VALTORTA DIED ON OCTOBER 12, 1961 Maria Valtorta died on the morning of October 12, Thursday, at the same instant in which the priest who was assisting her, reciting the ritual prayer for the dying, came to say the words: “Leave, Christian soul, from this world”. It just seemed like an extreme act of obedience. She was 64 years of age and had been in bed for 27 and a half years. Jesus had said to her, many years earlier: “How happy you will be when you realise that you are in my world forever and that you have come there, from the poor world, without even realising it, passing from a vision to reality, like a little one who dreams his mother and wakes up in her mother’s harms holding him close to her heart. So I will do with you ”. The body was composed in his room and on the same bed. The slightly pinkish whiteness of the right hand, in contrast with the bruised fingers of the left, seemed to enhance the sublimity of her writings. The knees that remained arched under the white robe expressed the hardness of her desk. Her wish was respected, which she had expressed in time, to have the funeral early in the morning (it took place on Saturday 14 October) and to be buried in the earth. Sobriety and concealment to the last. From 14 October 1961, the day of the burial, until 12 October 1971, the day of the exhumation, the remains of Maria Valtorta rested at no. 127 of Field B. Since 15 October 1971, the mortal remains of Maria Valtorta, lovingly placed after the recognition and careful scientific treatment, have been kept in the same niche that contains those of her parents, in the Galleria del Redentore. MARIA VALTORTA BURIED IN FLORENCE On the morning of last July 2, therefore, in the presence of a few close friends, a priest, and the people necessarily in charge of these tasks, the tomb of the Valtorta Family was reopened in the Viareggio cemetery, to be taken the metal box containing the Bones of Mary. After the ritual checks, the precious luggage, wrapped in a cloth, was placed in a private car, where they took place: Marta Diciotti, Father Gabriele M. Roschini o.s.m., the publisher Emilio Pisani and Mrs Claudia, his wife. Four members of the Mencarini-Antonini family followed in another car – the only escort – the people who, after Marta Diciotti, were the closest to the sick writer from Viareggio. Before taking the highway to Florence, the very short procession deliberately diverted towards the city center, took Via Fratti and, solemnly anonymous in the grip of intense traffic, stopped for a few moments (the time allowed by the red traffic light) in front of the «House». A gesture of homage, of begged blessing, of extreme confidence, before total detachment … We arrived in Florence at around 11 am, welcomed by our friend Fiorillo in the lively and oblivious Piazza della Ss. Annunziata. The box was devoutly carried, through the beautiful Cloister, to the Chapter Chapel, where a representative of the Community of the Servants of Mary – whose Prior, Father Alessandrini, had met in the Cloister, awaited – and Father Corrado M. Berti osm, arrived from Rome. Shortly after, the Holy Mass began, concelebrated by three served Fathers; Gabriele M. Roschini, Corrado M. Berti, Celestino M. Bresci. At the end of the rite, Father Roschini, who had presided over the concelebration, gave a speech which, although improvised (since it was requested at the last moment by the prior father), proved to be worthy of the orator, pious priest and authoritative man of science, recently struck by the Valtortian writings to the point of becoming, in a few months, a profound connoisseur. Father Roschini began by recalling, with reference to the intimate nature of the ceremony that was taking place, the aura of silence and solitude that has always enveloped the greatest events: such as the Annunciation, like the Nativity of the Lord. He touched on some aspects of Maria Valtorta’s spirituality, referring in particular to Marian devotion. He paused to consider the high and decisive mission of Valtortian writings in the troubled contemporary world. He defined July 2, 1973 as “a historic date” for the Church, for the city of Florence, for the Order of the Servants of Mary, for the whole world. After the blessing to the small coffin (the metal box brought from Viareggio had been inserted into a wooden box, set up in Florence) and to the sepulchral pit, the dear Remains were lowered to their final home, accompanied by a parchment with the signatures of all those present, but even more by Marta’s moving words of farewell and by the silent unanimous prayer. Maria Valtorta is buried in Florence. The city she loved so much, and where she treated the wounded soldiers of the First World War, welcomed her mortal remains, which were interred in the Ss. Annunziata.	https://www.mariavaltorta.com/en/maria-valtorta/the-grave/
We are a family-owned restaurant in the heart of Brighton, serving home-cooked meals that are inspired by our loved-ones and our expanding group of friends. From Piñón to New England Clam Chowder, we serve what we love to eat. The menu (click here for a PDF of the latest menu) includes Puerto Rican standards and Carmen's unique creations that our vegan and vegetarian friends can share. With new recipes for soups and other specials being developed as Carmen has the opportunity, you are bound to find something delicious to savor. Earmark your calendar with our Wednesday Specials and Daily Desserts as shown below. Come on over, or order online, and "eat at home!"	https://carmenscooking.com/
The first novel in New York Times bestselling author Cynthia Eden’s sizzling LOST series introduces the Last Option Search Team, an elite unit that must protect the only surviving victim of a serial killer. Ex-SEAL and LOST founder Gabe Spencer is accustomed to the unusual in his job. But when knockout Eve Gray steps into his office, he’s rattled. For the mysterious woman is a dead ringer for the heiress thought to be the latest prey of the serial killer who goes by the name Lady Killer. When Eve awoke in an Atlanta hospital, her past was a blank slate. Then she recognized her own face in the newspaper and vowed to learn the truth. Determined to confront the nightmares hidden in her mind, she never expects to find a partner in Gabe. As Gabe and Eve work together, their explosive attraction becomes irresistible. Gabe knows that his desire for Eve is growing too strong, bordering on a dangerous obsession, but nothing pulls him away from her. And when another Eve lookalike disappears, Gabe vows to protect Eve at all costs. While Eve may have forgotten the killer in her past, it’s clear he hasn’t forgotten her. ••••••••••••••••••••••• REVIEW: BROKEN is the first installment in Cynthia Eden’s adult, contemporary LOST romantic suspense series focusing on the men and women of LOST (Last Option Search Team). This is former Navy SEAL and LOST founder Gabe Spencer, and artist/painter Eve Gray’s storyline. Told from several third person perspectives the storyline follows Eve Gray as she endeavors to uncover her past, her memories, and truth about what happened years before. A tortured and concussed Eve awoke in an Atlanta hospital with no memory and no idea what had happened; her only clue is a newspaper photo where a missing heiress who looks identical to Eve is said to be a victim of a serial murderer dubbed the Lady Killer. When the authorities refuse to believe her story, Eve seeks out the one person she hopes will help-Gabe Spencer-a virtual stranger but a man she knows will ‘find’ the truth. As Gabe begins to piece together what little information Eve can supply, our couple find themselves on Dauphin Island, Alabama where everyone knows Eve as Jessica Montgomery. What ensues is the unraveling of a suspense filled mystery, where a serial killer has targeted women who look exactly like the woman in question. As Eve’s memory returns, the killer strikes again leaving a path of clues in his wake. I guessed the identity of the killer almost immediately upon introduction although some readers may interpret differently the information and clues. The relationship between Eve and Gabe is one of immediate attraction but Gabe refuses to become involved with his client-even a beautiful and broken client such as Eve Gray. When Gabe suspects that the killer is close, his only recourse is to keep Eve closer; so close that our couple with eventually act upon their mutual attraction and sexual desires. The $ex scenes are intimate, realistic and moving. There are no erotic, graphic depictions but there is some definite fire and heat. The spirited secondary and supporting characters include the members and agents of LOST: ex FBI agent Dean Bannon, forensic specialist Victoria Palmer, psychiatrist and profiler Sarah Jacobs, and former detective Wade Monroe. We are introduced to the inhabitants of Dauphin Island including Jessica’s ex boyfriend police chief Trey Wallace, and her brother Pierce Montgomery. Many of the locals have a colorful history; Trey and Pierce are all too willing to reveal Jessica’s sordid past. Cynthia takes us into the mind of a killer: his thoughts, his desires, his need for revenge all the while he plans and searches for his next intended victim. BROKEN is a story of suspense; a murder mystery where a series of missing and murdered women resemble the one who got away. Cynthia Eden writes with passion and imagination. Her characters are real; their emotions tangible; and their histories heartbreaking. BROKEN is a fantastic start to a new series. Copy supplied by Edelweiss.	http://www.thereadingcafe.com/tag/broken/
08/09/2020· The second phase of the solar power plant at the Construction and Demolition Waste Recycling Facility in the Al Dhafra region is operational, as per the Abu Dhabi Waste Management Center (Tadweer). 01/08/2019· At present, construction and demolition waste recycling plants (C&DWRP, recycling of construction and demolition waste [C&DW] by plants) and are reasonable substitutes to existing unsustainable treatment methods, such as landfills and fly tipping. 27/08/2020· Of the 1,200 tonnes of C&D waste generated per day, BMC planned a 2.7 hectare recycling unit at Mulund to treat 1,140 tonnes of waste into sand, clay and bricks. Its construction was expected to Construction and demolition waste can refer to a number of different materials such as concrete, chemical containers, , excavated residuals and more. The ability to recycle depends highly on the level of contamination as well as whether or not separation is allowed. 30/03/2020· Using trash chutes to get waste out of the site is one good way of safe waste disposal. Construction and demolition materials consist of debris that is generated during construction, renovation, and demolition of buildings, roads, and bridges. Heavy and bulky materials like the following are some examples of construction and demolition materials: Decentralised debris processing first proposed in MMR 21 years ago, but Mumbai yet to get construction waste recycling plant: CSE report mumbai Updated: Aug 28, 2020 02:30 IST 30/03/2020· Separating construction waste on the job site gives immediate feedback to everyone on the job and can help to ensure that the project’s recycling goals are met. Site separation also promotes a responsible atmosphere on the job site and is the best method for diversion goals. It does, however, take up more space and requires a high level of supervision. The plant will provide waste management servs and recycled aggregates to builders, construction companies and cons. The company said it expected an annual turnover of £3m at the plant. People’s Republic of China: Construction and Demolition Waste Management and Recycling . Management, staff, Prepared by AECOM Asia Company Limited for the PRC Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the Asian Development Bank . This consultant’s report does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB's Board of Directors, or the Government concerned and may be Project Cost Of Construction Waste Recycling Plant; What We Do. As one of the leader mining and construction equipment manufacturer in China, A&C Machinery has participated in many turnkey plant in Asia countries. We are experienced in cement plant, crusher machine plant, quarry plant, powder production line production. Submit Demands Online. We sincerely welcome you to contact us through Largest construction recycling plant in the UK opens. August 23, 2018. 1591. Family business Brewster Bros has invested £3.8m in a new recycling centre in Livingston, which has the capacity to recycle 400,000 tonnes of construction, demolition and excavation waste per year . The investment includes £2.1m-worth of CDE machinery, including a wet processing system. The new facility supports Construction & Demolition disposal system convenient and quick to achieve the construction waste disposal. After the screening of the construction waste through a specific iron removal equipment to remove the iron material contained in the coarse and medium crushing, fine crushing equipment and processing, processed into a certain size of the recycled aggregate, and finally applied to the road Recycling construction and demolition waste is profitable and environmental way to produce aggregates and reuse valuable materials that would otherwise be disposed. Processing the waste near the sites also reduces the need for truck transportation resulting in lower logistics costs. Rubb waste and recycling buildings can be quickly erected, dismantled and relocated due to module pre-fabrication. Rubb can provide site supervisors or fully dedicated construction teams to complete any custom waste and recycling project.	https://www.vdi-made-in-france.fr/1984/1599120567/2020-09-03.html
In the meantime, we chatted with her about her book, her research, her stories, and her thoughts about the changing philanthropic landscape in the Asia Pacific region. The Resource Alliance: The title of your book is “The Giving Way to Happiness: Stories and Science Behind the Life-Changing Power of Giving.” How have you seen specific change happen in the life of givers? Jenny Santi: Giving can lead us to find our purpose and discover our calling – not just a career. It helps us find strength through some of the greatest challenges in life, whether it’s the loss of a loved one, a personal crisis, or a collective tragedy. Giving can lead to new friendships, deeper connections, stronger family ties, and to love. It gives us a sense of significance beyond material success. RA: How can a fundraiser (or team) at a nonprofit organisation harness what you’ve learned to better engage with supporters? JS: It runs so contrary to this picture of happy giving that I’ve been talking about so far, yet donor fatigue is a very real phenomenon. Giving can also lead us to feel depleted, taken advantage of, and burnt out – especially these days when there isn’t a day that goes by that my mail doesn’t include a solicitation from some charitable organization looking for help. The last chapter of the book discusses how each of us can give in a way that makes us happy and fulfilled, not burnt out and resentful. One of the most important things I discovered is that donor fatigue doesn’t happen because donors are broke. It is far more likely that they have become fatigued because they are skeptical of whether most of the money they’re giving away will ever reach the needy. Practically none of us can say that the feeling of donor fatigue is because we’re already giving away too much money to too many charities. Nearly all of us can give just a little more. The biggest reason for donor fatigue is that a person’s generosity is not well matched to his or her passion. Our impulse to give stems from the heart. Our passion should be the starting point for our giving. Fundraisers should learn what their supporters and prospects are deeply passionate about. What moves them? What are their motivations for giving? RA: Are there any misconceptions around giving (and asking) that you feel might hinder organisations in their funding efforts? JS: Your supporters and prospects want to be asked about what they are passionate about. And they also want to hear your story – what moved you to do what you do? What is your story? Also, Think win-win. Particularly for those with fundraising responsibilities, don’t think of yourself as constantly in a state of need, but know what you have got to offer. RA: Can you share any specific insights about giving and philanthropy in the Asia Pacific region? JS: Some trends I’ve seen in the APAC region: Greater exchange of ideas among philanthropists. Collaboration among philanthropists is taking place – not quite yet on the ground, but at least in the ideological sense. Over the last few years there have been a great number of conferences, meetings and networking events convening philanthropists in Asia. There is a greater willingness among them to meet with other families and individuals in the social sector, such as academics, nonprofit leaders, social entrepreneurs, and other wealthy families and individuals. Most of these gatherings are organized by private banks, academic institutions, and non-governmental organizations, but there is evidence of philanthropists self-organizing as well, particularly among the younger generation. Philanthropy becoming more public. Accompanying the greater exchange of ideas is the trend toward more public giving. Many major philanthropists in Asia still prefer to maintain the confidentiality of their activities, mainly due to strong cultural and religious dispositions, as well as their concerns regarding unwarranted governmental or media scrutiny. However, a number of philanthropists realized that they themselves got started on their giving journey after having heard or read about another individual’s or family’s philanthropic acts. They then realized that being more public about their giving increases the chances that other people will be compelled to do the same. For instance, a Singaporean real estate tycoon with whom I have worked once told me that the reason he decided to formalize and be public about his giving was because he was inspired by Bill Gates – and that had Gates been private about his giving, wealthy Singaporeans would not have learned from his example. Combining business approaches with traditional philanthropy. A number of Asian families are combining traditional philanthropy with investments in for-profit businesses that can directly benefit the lower income segments in Asia. These include investments in basic services and infrastructure that governments have not been able to provide, such as socialized housing, the water sector, education, health care and microfinance. For example, the Ayala Corporation, one of the oldest and largest conglomerates in the Philippines, combines philanthropy and business to address bottom-of-the-pyramid problems by investing in microfinance, health care and education. These have been game changers for people with little or no access to services. Another example is Cipla, a socially conscious, multibillion dollar generic pharmaceuticals company led by Yusuf Hamied. He and his company made high-quality HIV-AIDS antiretroviral medicines cheap enough so that poor people in developing countries, especially in Africa, can access them. Treatment used to cost US$12,000-US$15,000 per patient per year. Cipla brought it down to about US$350 a patient a year. Hamied saved millions of people by providing affordable – not free – medicines. The next generation becoming a catalyst for change. Asia 30 years ago is vastly different from what it is now. The economic transformation of the region, particularly in countries such as Singapore and China, has been exceptionally rapid. Within Asian families, successive generations have vastly differing experiences in terms of their exposure to war and political upheaval, economic deprivation, the impact of the West, the globalization of business, and the shifting balance of tradition and modernity. The younger generations are more influenced by Western trends and practices, and are leading the ideological shifts within their rather traditional family philanthropies. RA: Tell us something about yourself that speaks to the heart of who you are. JS: In the days before this book went to print, I wondered whether I should change the title, for what right did I have to write a book about happiness? I have never been a naturally happy and cheerful person, and there have been many stretches in my life when I struggled with depression. But through all this, my career, first as a teacher and then as a philanthropy advisor, kept me happy. As a teacher, I woke up every day looking forward to being in the classroom, knowing that I was being of service to my students. When I became a philanthropy advisor, day after day I met with inspiring people working hard to make a difference, and their concern for something bigger than them made me realize that there is more to life than worrying about my own problems. When I came out publicly about my own mental health struggles, I found that strength in somehow being able to help others who were still suffering in silence and in shame. I found my own giving way to happiness. RA: What lead you to research and write a book on this particular topic? JS: In the winter of 2007, after a six-month post-MBA job hunt that made me feel depressed and insecure about my career prospects, I landed a dream job in a field that I did not even know existed: philanthropy advisory. One of the world’s largest private banks invited me to join their team of in-house philanthropy advisors, and I began my unusual career of advising extraordinarily wealthy people on their charitable activities. In the 10 years that I’ve been doing this, I’ve had the chance to meet not just with big-ticket philanthropists but also with so many inspiring people from the social sector – social entrepreneurs, nonprofit leaders, prominent activists, young students and volunteers, and other idealists from all over the world, and from different walks of life. They taught me that giving is not just for the rich, and oftentimes those who do not have much give even more of their time, their talents, and their lives to something that matters deeply to them. I realized that many of the people I was meeting were so fundamentally fulfilled, and I knew that it was because each of them was in every sense of the word a giver. I wanted to write a book that focused on what I saw day to day – the life-changing power of giving on the giver. RA: What causes are near and dear to your heart? How do you choose where to focus your giving? JS: As a philanthropy advisor, I work with my clients to help them channel their wealth, power and influence toward social good. It’s a role where I wear multiple hats – strategy consultant, family advisor, personal career counselor, onnector and event planner all rolled into one. My approach is that my clients’ philanthropic endeavors should not only be making a positive impact, but should also be personally rewarding, fulfilling, life-changing and fun. I don’t believe in giving until it hurts; rather, I believe in giving until it feels great. In my case, I have always been a huge animal lover so I will always do something related to that. I also experienced first-hand, in my early 20s, the benefits of having mentors, particularly women mentors. So, I am interested in things that have to do with mentorship. I also find that my interests are evolving and widening as I meet more people in the social sector, and I’m about to join the board of a wonderful organization focused on peace building (more soon!). RA: Look ahead five years. What do you see the fundraising/philanthropic landscape looking like? In general, and in Asia specifically? JS: Some things I see happening: Family foundations will become more and more of a status symbol. The enormous increase in affluence in Asia is providing far greater opportunities for giving. There will be greater pressure on, as well as greater desire within, wealthy families to give as much money away as they spend. Philanthropy will be more and more important to the wealthy, and will even be a status symbol. There are signs that it already is. Celebrity philanthropy will emerge. As wealthy families become more and more public about their philanthropy, they themselves will become “celebrities” by virtue of their big-ticket giving. At the same time, they will enlist notable personalities from the world of entertainment, politics and sports to draw greater attention to their cause. In India, for example, celebrities such as Amitabh Bachchan have played a crucial role in eradicating polio through public service campaigns. Ultra-high net worth families and individuals will realize that partnering with well-loved celebrities multiplies social innovation and impact. Philanthropists will take on more controversial issues. Right now, most philanthropy in Asia is directed toward the improvement of education and health care and the broad goal of poverty alleviation. These issues are hardly controversial; everyone agrees that these are important matters to address. In the near future, I can see that Asian philanthropists will be bolder and riskier. Some of the causes they back may be contentious and polarizing, but they will back them anyway. It is already happening in the USA. For example, Giving Pledge signatory Peter B. Lewis funds much of the movement to enact laws that give patients access to marijuana as relief for pain and nausea, and he has made no secret of being one of those patients himself, using marijuana to help with pain following the amputation of his leg. The Lien Foundation, one of the leading foundations in Singapore, prides itself in its radical approach. Its “Happy Coffins” initiative overturns the stigma of death and turns the coffin from a symbol of fear, dread and grief into a positive and life-affirming expression of art. I would like to see Asian philanthropists embrace more provocative causes just as the Lien Foundation does. My dream is to work with a philanthropist with the commitment and audacity to back controversial, underfunded causes such as mental illness, gay rights or sex education.	https://training.empower.agency/joy-giving-means-fundraisers-interview-author-philanthropy-advisor-jenny-shanti/
It was around 66 million years ago that a giant asteroid hit Earth and resulted in the extinction of dinosaurs along with several other species from the blue planet. However, this event, widely considered the most deadly asteroid impact on Earth, played a crucial role in determining the future of plant life, especially tropical rainforests. How Asteroid Impact Affected Rainforests? A new study report published in the journal Science sheds light on how the asteroid impact that happened at the end of the Cretaceous period paved the way for the evolution of rainforests, which is now widely considered the most diverse ecosystem on Earth. During the study, researchers collected and analyzed thousands of samples of fossil pollen, leaves, and spores collected from various sites across Colombia. Later, scientists tried to figure out the plants which were dominant in the ancient days, and how insects interacted with those plants. The study results suggested that the temperature of these rainforests was hot and humid in the ancient days, as it is today. But the composition and structure of these forests were quite different before the asteroid impact. Asteroid Hit Rampaged Rainforests In the study report, researchers noted that the deadly asteroid hit led to a 45 percent decrease in plant diversity, and it took more than 6 million years for the forest to recover from this impact. In this time of revival, different species of plants replaced the old ones, and the proportion of flowering plants increased dramatically. "A single historical accident changed the ecological and evolutionary trajectory of tropical rainforests. The forests that we have today are really the by-product of what happened 66 million years ago," Carlos Jaramillo, the study author, and a paleopalynologist at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in Panama City told Science News. According to the study report, rainforests in modern days are significantly more biodiverse, when compared to the state of these forests before 66 million years. Researchers noted that densely packed canopy structures increased competition among plants, and it could be one of the reasons behind the rich biodiversity.	https://www.ibtimes.sg/modern-rain-forests-started-evolving-after-asteroid-strike-that-killed-dinosaurs-study-56804
Ram vehicles are all about towing. How do you determine the towing capability of your vehicle? Its all about the combined weight of your vehicle, the load on the vehicle, the trailer, and the load on the trailer. You must know the loaded weight of both loaded units combined. You can't say "My truck can tow 10,000 lbs," without knowing how much is being carried within the truck itself. Your Ram has Gross Combination Weight Rating. The tables below will show you the GCWR for your vehicle which also varies by engine and axle ratio. Once you know the maximum GCWR, subtract the empty weight of your vehicle and trailer. The remaining amount is the load you can carry in the truck and trailer combined. Don't forget to deduct the weight of people and fuel, that can easily be 1,000 lbs! Don't know your empty weight? We can tell you the original empty weight of your vehicle as it was shipped from the factory.	https://www.ferrariotowanda.com/towing-with-your-ram.htm
Nutrient removal is one of the most pressing challenges facing lagoon operators. In this episode of Lagoons Do It Better TV, lagoon specialists Patrick Hill and Tom Daugherty discuss why lagoon phosphorus is being regulated and the methods available to meet increasingly stringent phosphorus effluent limits. Lagoon Phosphorus 101: Where Does Phosphorus Come From? Like nitrogen, much of the phosphorus that ends up in surface waters comes from unregulated sources, such as agricultural fertilizer runoff and livestock operations. Discharges from municipal wastewater treatment facilities are also a major contributor. Wastewater lagoon phosphorus can come from many sources: - Human waste - Household wastes - Industrial wastes - Cleaners and detergents - Benthal feedback from anaerobically digesting sludge Whatever its source, excessive phosphorus can damage our ecosystem, which is why state, national, and international regulating bodies are seeking to control it. Why Are Phosphorus Regulations Coming into Effect? The EPA has been assisting states in setting nutrient criteria with a goal to reducing nitrogen and phosphorus loads, especially to impaired waterways. Click the image at right to link to the EPA’s interactive map, which provides each state’s numeric criteria for nutrients. Phosphorus, like nitrogen (a component of ammonia), is a nutrient that is essential for the growth of algae and aquatic plants. In excess, however, nutrients overstimulate their growth and can impair receiving waterways through eutrophication and hypoxia: Eutrophication is the explosive overgrowth of plant life—especially simple plants like algae and aquatic weeds—as it responds to the fertilizing effects of phosphorus and nitrogen. As these plants proliferate, they choke out other life forms, causing stagnancy, scummy algal blooms, and sediment. Water becomes cloudy and possibly odorous. Toxic algae may proliferate and contaminate the drinking water supply, as occurred in Toledo, Ohio, in 2014. The Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement requires the U.S. and Canada to reduce phosphorus levels in the Lake Erie watershed to combat algal blooms by setting phosphorus reduction targets and enforcing them. For more on why lagoon phosphorus is being regulated, check out our previous article, Wastewater Lagoon Phosphorus: The Crackdown Is Coming. How Do Mechanical Plants Remove Phosphorus? Mechanical plants have an advantage over lagoons in nutrient removal, in that they can remove phosphorus biologically. The Bardenpho process, which cycles wastewater through anaerobic, anoxic, and aerobic zones, is a common technique. Removing phosphorus biologically greatly reduces or eliminates the need to buy chemicals for precipitation. While some lagoon phosphorus is removed naturally through regular biological treatment, especially at longer retention times, it is difficult to meet any restrictive effluent standard with natural processes alone. How Do Lagoons Commonly Approach Phosphorus Removal? Phosphorus limits for lagoons is a relatively new phenomenon, so there isn’t yet a “common” approach. Unlike nitrogen, phosphorus does not have a gaseous form, so the only way it can be removed is through sedimentation or precipitation. Chemical precipitation with metal salts and tertiary filtration is considered the only feasible method of lagoon phosphorus removal. With sedimentation or precipitation alone, there is a risk that the phosphorus will be released back into the water column from the sludge. Our previous article, Wastewater Lagoon Phosphorus Removal Methods, covers this subject in more detail, including the pros and cons of various types of metal salts. PhosBox™ Lagoon Phosphorus Removal Triplepoint has considered all the available science in developing its PhosBox lagoon phosphorus removal process, to optimize phosphorus removal while controlling costs. PhosBox is installed as a final step before the discharge point to maximize the precipitation of phosphorus without interfering with lagoon treatment. Sensors monitor phosphorus levels and automatically dose the precise amount of metal salts needed for coagulation, mixing them in the influent chamber. The cloth disk filtration system captures the coagulated phosphorus and removes it from the effluent stream to a storage lagoon; the clean water is discharged. Automated backwash cycles keep the filter media clean; sensors alert you when the low-cost filter media need to be replaced, which can be accomplished in minutes without downtime. PhosBox allows lagoons to be upgraded to meet low phosphorus effluent limits—as low as 0.07 mg/L—on an existing footprint with minimal capital expense. Because the coagulant addition and backwash cycles are automated, it’s easy to operate and maintain. For more information about PhosBox lagoon phosphorus removal, NitrOx® lagoon ammonia removal, or any of our lagoon technologies, contact us!	https://lagoons.com/blog/phosphorus/lagoon-phosphorus-101/
1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technique to create correspondences between words or terms included in documents, on the basis of existing document information provided as computer-readable information. More particularly, the present invention relates to a technique to create correspondences between words or terms included in documents in different foreign languages. 2. Related Art Heretofore, for the purpose of translating a document between different languages or utilizing data in multiple languages, it has been necessary to understand appropriate translations and related expressions in accordance with the purpose. For this reason, it is necessary to find correspondences between words or terms in different languages. To achieve this, existing dictionary can be utilized for frequently used words or terms. However, although there have been prepared many dictionaries showing correspondences between general terms for different languages and technical terms in the same language, quite often, it is difficult to find dictionaries for technical terms between different languages. In the field of automobile industry, for example, “handle” in Japanese corresponds to “steering wheel” in English in automobile data, but also corresponds to “handle” in English in some other data. Such translation words and related words need to be prepared not only between Japanese and English but also between pairs of other languages. The reason for the underdevelopment of dictionaries for technical terms between different languages is that there are not many individuals who have a skill set to achieve work for preparing such a dictionary because the work requires knowledge in the specialized field in addition to the language knowledge. In addition, since just a somewhat understandable translation is not sufficient, it is necessary to select a translation from expressions actually used in target data in order to bring the translation to a practical level. The creation of such correspondence requires considerable cost and time, and the creation of translation words and related words by this method in every case is extremely inefficient. As a prior art patent literature in this field, the following literature is cited. Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2002-91965 relates to a dictionary device provided to a natural language processing system used by multiple users and discloses a system including: a dictionary main body in which multiple technical term dictionaries for respective categories are arranged in a hierarchical tree structure with a general term dictionary as its root node; user dictionary registration means for setting a user dictionary in association with a technical term dictionary desired by the user; and applicable dictionary determination means for determining, when a category targeted for natural language processing is designated, that all technical term dictionaries on a path of the tree structure from the technical term dictionary of the category to the general term dictionary, and all of user dictionaries of a process-requesting user associated with the technical term dictionaries are applicable dictionaries. Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2002-269085 relates to a machine translation device having a word graph creation unit, a word graph memory and a search selection unit. For a sentence in an original language that is formed of an inputted character string, the word graph creation unit refers to a translation dictionary including multiple pairs of at least one expression in the original language and expressions in at least one target language, checks the expressions against the expression in the original language, extracts the expression in the target language corresponding to the matched language expression, creates a combination of expressions in the target language in a word graph format and stores the combination in the word graph memory. The search selection unit refers to corpus data in the target language, checks a word string on the word graph stored in the word graph memory against the corpus data and counts the appearance frequencies of the words on the word graph in the corpus data and thereby calculates a score of a translation sentence in the target language that corresponds to the sentence in the original language. The search selection unit thus selects an optimum translation sentence in the target language on the basis of the calculated score. Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2004-280316 discloses a language processing system for determining a field to which document data belongs and further performing language processing for the document data by using a technical term dictionary and learning data in the determined field. The language processing system includes a basic dictionary including general language information in multiple fields, and technical term dictionaries including language information in specialized fields. In this language processing system, upon input of document data, an analysis unit calculates a word vector of words included in description contents from the inputted document data with reference to the basic dictionary. A field determination unit calculates similarities between field vectors each characterizing a field and the calculated word vector and thereby determines that the field having the largest similarity is a field to which the inputted document data belongs. Then, a language processing unit performs language processing for the inputted document data with reference to the technical term dictionary in the determined field. Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2008-146218 discloses a language analysis technique for achieving precise morphological analysis by correctly dividing technical terms, which are difficult to divide, to extract morphemes and thereby creating a morphological analysis dictionary. From registration data of a translation dictionary between Japanese and a foreign language, this language analysis technique extracts a translation tuple registered not as a pair of one Japanese word and one foreign language word but as a tuple of one Japanese word and multiple foreign language words. The Japanese word in the extracted translation tuple is morphologically analyzed and divided into sub-words or sub-word-strings. Then, a foreign language word corresponding to each sub-word or sub-word-string is identified and the sub-word or sub-word-string corresponding to the found foreign word is registered as a morpheme in the morphological analysis dictionary. Thus, the technical terms are morphologically analyzed based on the registered morpheme information. Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2010-55298 discloses a system for providing means to meet demand for text mining or search on document data written in a language other than a native language or a proficient language. The system includes: a first extraction unit configured to extract co-occurring terms co-occurring with a concerned term in the first language from a first language corpus; an output unit configured to output translation words in a second language corresponding to at least one of the extracted co-occurring terms; a second extraction unit configured to extract translation candidates co-occurring with at least one of the outputted translation words in the second language from a second language corpus corresponding to the first language corpus; a weighting unit configured to weight each of the extracted translation word candidates; and a creation unit configured to optimize the weights and to create a translation pair list for the concerned term in the first language in accordance with the optimized weights. Furthermore, the followings are cited as non-patent literatures. There is disclosed a technique to list, for a query term, a set of similar terms in a different language by a random walk on a directed graph in which nodes represent terms, in Guihong Cao, Jianfeng Gao, Jian-Yun Nie, Jing Bai, “Extending query translation to cross-language query expansion with markov chain models,” CIKM '07 Proceedings of the sixteenth ACM conference on Conference on information and knowledge management. There is disclosed a technique to create a feature vector of each word (technical term) by general terms that co-occur with the word with a high frequency and a high degree of association and thereby to list similar words, in Daniel Andrade, Tetsuya Nasukawa, Jun'ichi Tsujii, “Robust measurement and comparison of context similarity for finding translation pairs,” COLING '10 Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Computational Linguistics. The technique using a random walk described in the literature by Guihong Cao et al. appears promising as a technique to list, for a query term, a set of similar terms in a different language but it requires inefficient calculation for creating a graph for each query term due to performing a random walk without taking the structure of the graph into consideration. In this respect, if an attempt is made to reduce the complexity of calculation by stopping the random walk with a low number of steps, there arises a problem that the technique is no longer appropriate for a term or keyword having a low appearance frequency.
One of the goals of Double X Science is to raise the profile of women in science. When others are doing this exact same things, we like to let our readers know. Here’s a few recent efforts to expand the public’s knowledge of women scientists: As always, we have our Notable Women in Science series. We cover women in science who have been notable historically and currently. We also have our Double Xpression series which profiles women who are into science. The Royal Society recently had a wikipedia push for writers to start new and expand the pages of women in science. Having visited wikipedia for writing the Notable Women in Science series, I can say that the number of pages created has definitely expanded and certainly there is much more information provided on a number of women. But there are still gaps. Look for more from Double X Science on this topic in the future. A group in the UK is making a calendar “to showcase real women doing great science.” Learn more about ScienceGRRL by visiting their website and following thier social media. The images being used in the calendar look to be scenic or portrait-style. SpotOn provides some tools for the female scientist to promote herself and also provides links that those interested in science might be interested in following, such as twitter lists of women in science. When researching this post, I found several sites trying to promote women in science. This site provides resources as well as 4000 years of women in science. In addition, they link to many associations dedicated to helping women in science. Geek Feminism has Wednesday Geek Woman posts every Wednesday highlighting women in STEM. The RAISE project has an on-going blog about the issues facing women in science. Please comment: What is your favourite site working to raise the profile of women in science and why?	https://descrier.co.uk/science/raising-the-profile-of-women-in-science/
The Sector Network brings together researchers, practitioners and evaluators with an interest in widening participation and student success. Members will provide a ‘voice of the sector’ by addressing emerging issues on the ground and helping TASO influence policy and practice to drive greater equality of opportunity for students. The role of the network is wide-ranging. We envisage it will include: Advising: To meet TASO’s requirement of ensuring successful ‘translation and adoption of evidence’. For example, develop and test ideas for the online practitioner toolkit, so it meets the needs of the diverse sector and to ensure it is widely adopted to help inform access and participation provision. Innovation: To respond to ideas being put forward by TASO, to suggest potential solutions to challenges being presented by TASO and to proactively share ideas with TASO for continual improvement. Capacity-building: To help shape and/or co-create events, training, conferences that empower and build capacity with sector colleagues. Join the Sector Network We are currently recruiting individuals to join the TASO Sector Network. Interested? You will be asked to devote a minimum of 10 hours per year, although there would be opportunity for greater involvement depending on your interest and capacity. We are looking for a range of individuals including: - Outreach practitioners and HE professionals - Researchers - Policy professionals How to apply Individuals wishing to join the TASO Sector Network should send an email to [email protected]. This email application should include: - A cover letter (no more than two pages) including details of your relevant experience - Any potential or actual conflicts of interest - The subject heading “TASO Sector Network Application” Membership of the TASO Sector Network does not preclude you from bidding for funding to lead on research projects to help improve the widening participation and student success evidence base. If you have any questions about the role please email [email protected].	https://taso.org.uk/get-involved/sector-network/
Why do historians reject moral presentism? Contemporary historical research Studies in Contemporary History - archive - Issue 1/2017 - Essays Reflections on a history of the moral in the "long" 20th century - "Morality": a definition - Contemporary history and the moral - Examination area I: The moral as a culture of knowledge - Examination area II: The moral as a process of public negotiation - Examination area III: The moral as an individual and social practice - Summary Remarks For some time now, topics such as "justice", "dignity" or the "right" life have enjoyed great popularity. The study of morality is also flourishing in historical studies: "Human rights", "Transitional Justice" or "Humanitarianism" have been opened up as new subject areas. In Frankfurt am Main and Berlin, larger research groups are concerned with the analysis of normative orders in modern societies. The catchphrase "Nazi morality" deals with the content and validity of a particular morality of National Socialism. Temporal overlapping representations of the history of "humanity" or the "West" even pursue the goal of justifying a certain (political) morality. Despite these approaches, which are part of a long tradition of work on the 18th and 19th centuries, morality as an object of research in historical studies quickly encounters reservations. The term appears fuzzy, is equated with moral philosophy, or an illustrative, anecdotal use of history for the discussion of moral principles is feared. In this widespread skepticism, Max Weber's postulate of "value freedom" lives on. It should be undisputed that in historical studies, too, morality requiring justification is always present through heuristic horizons of interpretation and a basic consensus in scientific discourse. Hayden White already argued that historical scholarship chooses its perspectives and modes of representation more aesthetically and morally than epistemologically. Against this background, we propose for three reasons, within the framework of a »moral history«, to examine more closely a subject area of historical studies that is present in many ways but has so far been insufficiently conceptualized: Epistemological A definition of morality as a term and concept should contribute to a more precise analysis of semantic tools, basic assumptions and historical constructions of the relationship between norms, values and rights. Systematically Moral History sees itself as an offer to think together recent studies or key questions from sub-areas of historical studies - in addition to the topics mentioned, for example, the history of emotions, religion or the environment - and to develop further subject areas. In addition, we justify the special contemporary historical characteristic of the moral history outlined here historical with the thesis that since the 19th century, in the course of the stronger, but by no means teleological socialization of individual and collective fundamental rights, increasing tensions between legal, moral and social norms have been established. We consider their negotiation in the interplay of discourses, institutions and practices to be a historically new kind of moral sphere that arises from the fundamental challenge of determining the reasons for the obligation of individual or collective action in the process of social understanding beyond "natural", transcendental or conventional moral orders, to legitimize and to defend this possibility against its questioning through anti-liberal attitudes, regimes and actions. In the following, after a brief definition of the term (1.), we will first situate the moral in contemporary history (2.), before we propose three areas of investigation of a moral history: the moral as a culture of knowledge (3.), the public negotiation of the moral (4. ) as well as the relationship between moral discourses and individual or collective action (5.). 1. "Morality": a definition In a recent psychological study, respondents rated every third of their actions and experiences as "morally relevant". The assignment of the events was based on the "Moral Foundations Theory": It is based on six universal emotional parameters in humans that determine the moral coordinate system. Accordingly, actions according to oppositional categories such as "care" and "harm", "fairness" and "cheating" or "loyalty" and "betrayal" are rated as "right" or "wrong". Such psychological, biological or neuroscientific justifications of morality as a supra-historical, intercultural, anthropological property of human beings have been booming for some years. In contrast, we differentiate between norms and morality on the one hand, and between different dimensions of morality on the other. Norms we understand them as comprehensive categories for internal societal guidelines for action, which range with varying degrees of validity from informal expectations and conventions through rules that are specifically applied to individuals and associated with social sanctions to legally stipulated prohibitions. The early modern "moral studies" or "ethics" were primarily concerned with the formulation and communication of social norms as a binding "morality" that could be communicated through education and that was intended to improve the individual. While norms and morals were in principle congruent here, as the Enlightenment progressed this increasingly came into conflict with the postulate of individual autonomy and an accompanying reflexive understanding of moral values. In the 18th and 19th centuries, this was associated with distancing oneself from a purely heteronomously binding "custom", according to which, according to Ferdinand Tönnies in 1909, "only [...] need to be observed". Armin Nassehi described the detachment of morality from a socially monitored custom on the one hand and a religious foundation on the other as a specifically modern phenomenon of the "ethization of morality". Philosophy-historical reference points of a moral history, the effect of which is to be historicized in the context of a socialization of fundamental rights and their limits, are the discovery of "moral feelings" by the British moralists in the 18th century or Immanuel Kant's justification of the moral judgment of the human mind . The shaping of fundamentally "restrictive" norms was thus set aside and at the same time opposed to the individual bond to "attractive" moral values. Thus, in modern times, three essential meanings of moral unfolds: firstly as a synonym for the totality of the social norms of a group, society or culture, secondly as the "good" related to these in the form of a reflective morality or ethics, thirdly as a motivating agreement with the practices and goals of collectives (in English »Morale«), as it is expressed in terms such as »fighting morale« or »work ethic«. We will not consider the third meaning any further here, but refer to the first two - more precisely to the increasing public negotiation processes since the 19th century between set norms on the one hand and reflective morality on the other, as well as the discursive and politically precarious empowerment of moral standards that goes along with it Reasons for obligation with universal claim. Between three Dimensions To distinguish from morality - a prescriptive, a reflexive and a practical - is therefore itself the result of a modern development process. "Morality" rolled into one prescriptive Meaning means the demand for values and their derivations for the behavior towards and with others with the claim to do the "good" and "right". A particular origin and a universal claim to validity are not mutually exclusive - as in the case of "bourgeois" or "socialist" morality. A more reflective Use of morality occurs when the validity or ultimate justification of collective grounds for obligation becomes the object of social negotiation processes, which presupposes the fundamental possibility of such an exchange. Finally, morality can be found in theirs practical Identify manifestations as motivation or legitimation of actions in their relation to prescriptive or reflexive moral orders. (Federal Archives, picture 146-1972-062-01, photo: not specified) We regard the totality of the prescriptive, reflexive and practical dimensions of morality as the moral - a discursively, legally and socially anchored sphere of the confrontation of particular, heteronomous systems of norms with reflective moral concepts proclaimed as universal, which are based in particular on the postulate of individual autonomy and its guarantee through fundamental rights. In the context of a moral history, however, it is not primarily about a normative defense of the right to moral autonomy, but about its historical genesis, its implementation and its limits - but also about the conditions that are to be historicized for the possibility of a reflective morality as an indispensable basis for a critical history itself. 2. Contemporary history and the moral While Kant was still based on universal moral laws that humans carry within themselves and only have to recognize, morality in the reflexive sense established itself as a system of orientation for individual and collective action that was not based on transcendental principles until the course of the 19th and 20th centuries . Increasingly, past, present and future actions of individuals and collectives were judged for themselves and for an imagined totality of people in the light of standards whose reasons for legitimacy did not arise or did not arise solely from principles of faith, law or political power and which have now themselves become the subject of public negotiations. In essence, it was about the constitution, negotiation and appropriation of such fundamental principles as "dignity", "recognition" or "autonomy" through a certain form of communication that "carries with it indications of respect or disregard". Since the 19th century, the appeal to a reflective morality has gained a particular difference in value compared to other perspectives on social norms. But the history of the moral cannot be written as a success story. Rather, in addition to the threats to its possibility, it is always about the "ambivalence of the good" (Jan Eckel), the ambiguities of moral evaluations and their - often strategic or instrumental - forms of use, even if nothing at all or absolutely anything from them universal "good" followed. Just one example: The plea of the Swedish pedagogue and writer Ellen Key against corporal punishment and for a reform of education was based on the recognition of universal protective rights of children in 1900, but was shaped by a socially Darwinist-influenced approach of social optimization until the advocacy of "euthanasia" . The emergence and expansion of the moral were and are characterized in particular by the conflicting claims of social movements and individual protagonists to establish new, universally justified and transnationally valid norms with which individual and collective rights vis-à-vis existing institutions such as national communities, states, churches and economically The powerful were asserted - initially, for example, in the form of the anti-slavery and women's movements, in the wake of colonial scandals or the foundation of international humanitarian law, human rights and social protection rights. At the same time, in the western world there was a fundamental relativization of those absolute moral concepts that were based on religion, laws or conventions, customs and traditions. Friedrich Nietzsche relativized and historicized the claim to absoluteness, especially of Christian morality, in his pamphlet "Zur Genealogie der Moral" from 1887. A few years later, Emile Durkheim based his sociology on the finding of a fundamental moral crisis in modern society. According to him, the decline of traditional, collective regulatory systems and their binding values went hand in hand with the spread of individualism and anomie. This also paved the way for a scientification of morality beyond philosophy. Like Nietzsche, Durkheim advocated a moral-sociological relativism, since he understood morality as something that could only occur historically in concrete terms in, through and for certain societies. The early American pragmatists such as Charles Sanders Peirce, William James or John Dewey also opposed any epistemological derivation of moral validity claims and saw these only legitimized by the practical interaction between people. However, the growing skepticism towards transcendentally based moral systems since the last third of the 19th century by no means ended the public debate about the intersubjective validity of moral norms. Rather, the recognition of a historical and cultural relativity of morality went hand in hand with an increased relevance and competition of moral concepts and semantics. At the same time, not all scientific approaches of this time followed the principle of relativism: Neo-Kantianism sought to re-establish Kant's metaphysics with the help of modern natural science. The ethnologist Victor Cathrein wanted to prove through his field research before the First World War that certain ethical norms were very universal and anthropologically based. Colonial racism and imperial "educational missions" were based on the assumption of absolute "white" superiority. This anti-relativistic stance is also responsible for the broad culture-critical discourse under the sign of fears of decade, fear of degeneration and evocations of doom around 1900, whose deeply anti-liberal potential represented and continues to represent a permanent opponent to the possibility of reflective morality and its foundations in the 20th century. After the First World War, calls for "moral guidance" for a supposedly "immoral society" became louder and louder. The partly short-lived triumph of democratic systems and the vision of a transnational peace order in Europe in the interwar period were supported by a universal moral optimism, but initially could not assert themselves either against the absolute values of fascism and National Socialism or those of socialism. The absolutization of particular, essentialist and community-mobilizing moral concepts found their extreme expression in the pseudo-religious charge and messianic expectation of an anti-democratic leadership, which went hand in hand with violently implemented ideas of exclusive and ethnicized societies. (German Historical Museum, Berlin / I. Desnica, Inv.-No .: DHM 1990/532, Eisfeller art print, 120 cm x 80 cm) Especially after 1945, the reflexive recourse to a universally understood morality became a central political and social argument and legitimation resource due to the previous fundamental questioning of its validity claims - for example for the demand for human rights, for emancipation claims or for the endeavor to achieve ecological sustainability. The middle phase of the 20th century in particular was characterized by the conflict between claims to expand the substance and validity of universal, liberal moral principles and legal claims, as well as the associated precarious expansion of democratic and liberal political orders on the one hand and their retarding negation by particular moral ones, in particular political totalitarian orders on the other hand. A further increase in public moral debates can be observed for the last third of the 20th century.New forms of civil society articulation of moral dissent, the politicization of lifestyles and the associated softening of the boundaries between political questions and moral fundamental conflicts as well as, not least, topics such as ecological future scenarios, subsequent problems of technical change and the processes of global economic interdependence have public disputes about in common shared moral principles generated in a new intensity. With this rise of the moral was connected, among other things, the emergence of a globally oriented moral discourse, consciousness and action. Luc Boltanski with his concept of »distant suffering« and Henning Ritter with his »attempt on compassion« thematized the chances and ambivalences of a perception of others, especially through audiovisual mass media. With the spatial expansion of moral responsibility since the 1970s, for example in the environmental protection discourse or in a "future ethics" referring to "future generations". Following on from this, Valentin Beck recently attempted to derive a philosophical "theory of global responsibility" from the fact that the entire world was politically, cultural and economic. However, as the perception and factual weighting of “one's own” suffering and the suffering of “others”, which are still pronounced in spite of everything, show, the historical limits of moral relevance and attention must always be asked: which actors and areas of life became and by whom to the subject of public moralization, which forms of implementation and enforcement of moral demands were considered legitimate at the time, and how have the boundaries of moral and normative ideas shifted, by which individuals orientated themselves in their actions? Last but not least, a global history from a postcolonial perspective is linked here, which on the one hand emphasizes global interdependencies compared to national historiography, on the other hand questions the continuation of a story under the premises of a "western" morality. In order to historicize this process of establishing the moral, outlined here only in brief, we propose three areas of investigation: the culture of knowledge (3rd), public negotiation (4th) and the individual and social practice of the moral (5th). All three areas are always to be considered with regard to their embedding in the respective - especially political - order, which on the one hand opens up possibilities and leeway for the moral, but on the other hand has also fundamentally called them into question. 3. Research area I: The moral as a culture of knowledge The first The area of investigation is dedicated to diversifying production of knowledge and concepts of morality. With the relativization and politicization of social and moral norms, their scientification began. In addition to ethics, morality became the subject of research in various disciplines - from biology to social sciences and psychology to neuroscience. In response to the loss of legitimacy of normative ethics, behavioral research, for example, promised to concentrate on observable human behavior, but ultimately did not renounce normative setting itself. Since the 1950s, attempts have been made to use economic models to break down moral motivations into individually rational motives for action. Scientific approaches to determining "morality" are therefore first to contextualize politically, economically and culturally. For example, the positions of Jürgen Habermas and Karl-Otto Apel on discourse and procedural ethics do not only represent reactions to the delegitimization of essentialist moral concepts Context of a "democratization" of the Federal Republican society. The reformulations of utilitarianism at the beginning of the 1970s can be classified in a similar way in contemporary globalization processes. For example, Peter Singer developed his "drowning child" argument, with which he accorded global humanitarian aid the same moral obligation as emergency aid for a child drowning before our eyes, in 1971 in direct response to the famine in Bangladesh. Secondly concrete actors and institutions are to be taken into account that have produced and popularized moral knowledge: institutions of the state and politics, churches and other religious communities, educational institutions such as schools and universities, media actors and multipliers as well as private communication spaces such as the family. Here, too, science played an important role as a mediator of morally relevant knowledge. Thus, in the context of deviance research, a sociological study of collective, mass media-fueled fears of "contagion" by "deviating" forms of behavior ("moral panic") emerged. In the guise of financial studies on the "psychology of money", "tax morality" became the economic issue of social norm debates in the 1980s. Third The question is about the forms of communication and public production of morally relevant knowledge. Since the second half of the 20th century, social science experiments have increasingly contributed to the scientific plausibility check of anthropological moral concepts. With the help of computer-based statistics - as in the case of the "Limits to Growth" report of the Club of Rome - moral responsibility should be based on supposedly objectively measurable data and future prognoses. (Audio) visual representations have also acquired fundamental importance for collective moral consciousness in the 20th century with the rise of photography and film. (Federal Archives, Plak 004-005-009) 4. Study area II: The moral as a process of public negotiation The second The area of investigation of moral history forms the public negotiation of moral arguments, principles and norms. This is for the 20th century first an ambivalence and simultaneity of competing moral patterns of interpretation are characteristic. The history of modern violence must always be written as a tension between its moral legitimacy and delegitimization. The reference to war experiences could on the one hand serve as an evocation of a necessary "sacrifice for the fatherland" to justify wars; on the other hand, these experiences could be used to justify pacifist protests. In the 20th century, children in particular served as media globalized icons of defenselessness - from today's perspective often disregarding their dignity - both for political justification and for moral criticism of military interventions. The change in subject cultures and lifestyles was also associated with an intensive process of negotiating social conventions and individual room for maneuver, as shown by the history of the pill or the term "culture wars", which was coined for the USA in the post-1960s. And to give an example of the anti-authoritarian turn of this time: Alexander and Margarete Mitscherlich not only criticized the ongoing "training towards morality" in 1967, but also called for an "education towards anti-morality" - but this precisely as the ability to critically and autonomously reflect socially established Morals. In this context, however, specific opposing positions to the expansion of moral validity claims must also be taken into account. Arnold Gehlen, for example, criticized an alleged "hyper-moralization" or "overstretching of morality" as early as the 1960s. The debate initiated by the American right in the 1980s on »Political Correctness« or the business cycle terms characteristic of the German context such as »Moralkeule« or »Gutmenschentum« mediated an alleged boredom with morality and moralization that gave itself morally and served as derogatory instruments of political rhetoric. In addition, universal moral proclamations were confronted with the charge of threatening moral plurality. Secondly the use of moral arguments is to be analyzed as an often conflictual negotiation of power resources that was accompanied by contradicting moral evaluations. Concepts such as "equality", "justice" or "freedom", in spite of and because of the objectivity postulates raised with them, formed "essentially contested concepts" in which diverging images of society and people are reflected. Recourse to "rights" could - as in the case of human rights - contribute to the codification of certain moral concepts and - as in the case of particular moral concepts based on ideology - lead to the suspension of universal legal norms and legal systems. Even fundamental rights do not prove to be sufficiently reinforced by knowledge cultures, discourses or practices alone, but are dependent on political systems that guarantee their validity. In addition, non-transcendental foundations of moral values with a universal claim - for example through persistent religious patterns of interpretation - had effective counter-supports, the analysis of which sharpens the view for the heterogeneity of moral concepts in a transnational and global perspective. Third the respective conjunctions of references, concepts and topics as well as discursive and symbolic forms of negotiating moral leading perspectives are to be worked out. Which development phases can be distinguished in the history of the transnational establishment of human rights? In addition to the cuts caused by world wars, experiences of mass violence or regime changes, there are not a few indications that speak for a considerable boost in the 1970s. (German Historical Museum, Berlin, Inv.-No .: Do2 2016/3254) The renaissance of the concept of “responsibility”, which is closely linked to Hans Jonas, points to a critical examination of the implications of technological and economic modernity. The first ethics committees in the Federal Republic of Germany also go back to the 1970s. Transnational references gained in importance and were expressed not least in solidarity campaigns and anti-war demonstrations. Such long-term negotiation processes have established a moral reflexivity as the core of the modern self-concept - as has the discursive availability of moral figures of legitimation up to their moralizing instrumentalization. 5. Study area III: The moral as an individual and social practice The third The area of investigation forms that Relationship between moral legitimation figures and individual or collective action. For both the knowledge cultures of morality and the conjunctions of public moral debates were and are closely linked to the concepts, justifications and practices of a "good" or "right" life. From the Marxist-inspired paradigm of the “alienation” of the subject by the world of work and consumer society to the communitarian reconstruction of a specifically modern “culture of authenticity” of the self in Charles Taylor, the twentieth century is pervaded by an unresolved tension between structural constraints, subjective obstinacy and moral reflexivity. A clear dividing line between public negotiations and individual reasons for action or their emotional correlate can hardly be drawn, especially since the latter are largely shaped by social expectations and routine. The American sociologist Charles Wright Mills argued as early as 1940 that a reference to moral motives only becomes meaningful when one's own actions are questioned by other people. Motives do not appear here as triggering factors of human action, but as its retrospective legitimation and rationalization. This is why moral history is not about subsequent moral qualifications of individual action in a prescriptive sense. Rather is first to show more precisely how individuals and collectives imagined and justified their own actions within the horizon of moral orders and arguments. The clarification postulate of morally autonomous decision-making authority is contrasted, for example, with the justification figure of "obedience to orders" that grew with the state crimes of the 20th century. It denied not only the scope for one's own decisions, but also - as with the appeal to heteronomously set principles such as "honor" or "loyalty" - their action-relevant assessability according to moral criteria in general. Secondly The question is how emotions became historically relevant in connection with moral postulates - for example, to mobilize certain behaviors, or when they are cited as a motive for action: The action effect of moral emotions cannot be explained from their representations themselves. Nevertheless, psychological and sociological research offer important points of contact, even if the question of what role moral emotions play in relation to moral judgments cannot be solved by a moral-historical approach - it can, however, be historicized as an axis of interpretation of the moral. (Photo: Christian Schulz) If the moral justifications of historical actors are to be critically reflected on, interpretive approaches that do not even take such justifications into account fall short. Therefore third to analyze when and why a certain action is qualified and individualized by the actors as "moral". The consumer practices that have emerged in the context of “fair trade” or “ecological sustainability” since the 1970s cannot be derived from the logic of supply and demand alone. Rather, it needs to be explained why a commitment understood as "moral" focused so much on the field of consumption and how it behaved towards competing moralizations or prevailed against them. 6. Summary Moral history is interested in phenomena in which something is communicated as moral in the sense of certain reciprocal, supra-individual obligations and is presented as valid and superior for the purpose of an evaluative creation of difference. She doesn't aim at one Moralization through historybut on one Historicizing the moral: How did the rise of moral founding figures since the 19th century that were not absorbed into legal and economic systems, religions or political action, but instead gained their own permanent quality as a reference system and mobilization authority, but at the same time were neither undisputed nor universally valid are? There is also moral history first as a Synthesis offer to understand, with which current research fields are put into dialogue with one another with regard to common theoretical-methodological questions. In this way, questions can be asked about the mechanisms of individual and collective moral mobilizations across established thematic boundaries - such as human rights history, bourgeoisie and nationalism research. This draws attention to the public negotiation and medialization of morality and calls for explanations for moral paradigm shifts and their interdependencies with political, social, economic or technological transformation processes. Secondly opens up moral history new subject areas and perspectives established questions in a new way.Current discussions about a supposedly dawning »Anthropocene«, for example, offer numerous contemporary historical points of contact in order to combine environmental and social history with moral history issues. In this context, a research approach inspired by moral history focuses on the question of when and under what social and political conditions it became attractive at all to charge the "environment" with a moral sense. Likewise, newer approaches to integrating cultural and economic-historical research approaches can be productively further developed if, instead of a self-normative sympathy for a "moral economy", the normative conflicts and reciprocal moral expectations within economic systems are made the starting point of the analysis. Ultimately, the chances of a systematic analysis of morality and its limits are also obvious for historical research on violence, especially since Hannah Arendt remains to be asked whether perhaps the only innovation in moral history is the "negation" of morality through the genocide of the 20th century. Century. Moral History References third on the need for one Reflection on basic theoretical and methodological questions the science of history. Similar to the history of emotions, the question of the dependence of moral attitudes and motives on a socially constructed vocabulary arises. Individual moral concepts can only be understood in the context of contemporary conventions of the ability to say and represent morality. Linked to this is to rethink the possibilities of a historical preoccupation with individual motives for action beyond the analysis of the history of discourse. Ultimately, this also applies to moral assumptions and values that flow into historical research itself. So far, historical studies have not had a comparably fine sensorium for the moral as for the analysis of political decision-making processes, economic interests, social inequalities, cultural manifestations or religious motives. Moral history can and does not want to bring to light - in the words of Kant - either an absolute morality as a "starry sky above me" or the "moral law in me". For the increase in the meaning of the moral follows neither laws, nor is it teleological or even irreversible. His historical analysis is therefore extremely topical - especially if Zygmunt Bauman's observation is correct that precisely those areas of activity are shrinking again at the present time, which in the course of the 19th and 20th centuries were considered morally relevant for the first time and increasingly in the sense of a universal mutual obligation were. Remarks: Cf. Michael Sandel, Gerechtigkeit. How we do the right thing, Berlin 2013; Peter Bieri, A Way of Life. On the Diversity of Human Dignity, Munich 2013; Rainer Erlinger, morals. How to live really well, Frankfurt a.M. 2011; Hartmut Rosa, resonance. A Sociology of World Relationship, Berlin 2016. - We would like to thank the members of the editorial team of this journal, especially our Cologne colleague Nina Verheyen, for helpful comments on earlier versions of this text. In the context of this essay, we have to limit ourselves to exemplary references to research literature. See Stefan-Ludwig Hoffmann (ed.), Moralpolitik. History of Human Rights in the 20th Century, Göttingen 2010; Michael Barnett, Empire of Humanity. A History of Humanitarianism, Ithaca 2011; Samuel Moyn, Die neue Historiographie der Menschenrechte, in: Geschichte und Gesellschaft 38 (2012), pp. 545-572; Jan Eckel, The Ambivalence of the Good. Human rights in international politics since the 1940s, Göttingen 2015. Editor's note: For articles on the topic of »human rights« in this journal see Raphael Gross / Werner Konitzer (eds.), Morality of Evil. Ethics and National Socialist Crimes, Frankfurt a.M. 2009. See Jared Diamond, Poor and Rich. The fates of human societies, Frankfurt a.M. 1999; Heinrich August Winkler, History of the West, 4 vols., Munich 2009–2015. Exemplary for the purely illustrative use of historical case studies: Steven M. Cahn / Peter Markie, Ethics. History, Theory, and Contemporary Issues, New York 1998, 6th edition 2015. However, worthy of discussion: Jonathan Glover, Humanity. A Moral History of the Twentieth Century, New Haven 2001. Cf. Max Weber, The sense of the "freedom of values" of the sociological and economic sciences , in: ders., Collected essays on the theory of science, ed. by Johannes Winckelmann, Tübingen 1988, pp. 489-540. Hayden White, Metahistory. The Historical Imagination in Nineteenth-Century Europe, Baltimore 1973, p. Xii. Wilhelm Hofmann et al., Morality in Everyday Life, in: Science 345 (2014), pp. 1340-1343. See Jesse Graham et al., Moral Foundations Theory. The Pragmatic Validity of Moral Pluralism, in: Advances in Experimental Social Psychology 47 (2013), pp. 55-130. Cf. Jan Verplaetse, The moral instinct. About the natural origin of our morality, Göttingen 2011; Michael Tomasello, A Natural History of Human Morality, Berlin 2016. Cf. Bernard Gert, The moral rules. A new rational justification of morality, Frankfurt a.M. 1983; Micha H. Werner, Moral, in: Jean-Pierre Wils / Christoph Hübenthal (eds.), Lexikon der Ethik, Paderborn 2006, pp. 239-248. For a much broader understanding of norms as a mode of distancing oneself from the world, see Christoph Möllers, The possibility of norms. On a practice beyond morality and causality, Berlin 2015. Ferdinand Tönnies, Die Sitte, Frankfurt a.M. 1909, p. 63. Armin Nassehi, unity and openness. Studies on the theory of modern society, Frankfurt a.M. 2003, pp. 264-283. See Francis Hutcheson, An Essay on the Nature and Conduct of the Passions and Affections. With Illustrations on the Moral Sense, London 1728; David Hume, An Inquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals, London 1751; Adam Smith, The Theory of Moral Sentiments, London 1759. "Moral emotions" have only been examined more intensively for a few years in contrast to Lawrence Kohlberg's cognitivist approach. See also, Stage and Sequence. The Cognitive-Developmental Approach to Socialization, in: David A. Goslin (ed.), Handbook of Socialization Theory and Research, Chicago 1969, pp. 347-480; Jonathan Haidt, The Emotional Dog and its Rational Tail. A Social Intuitionist Approach to Moral Judgment, in: Psychological Review 108 (2001), pp. 814-834; Joshua D. Greene et al., The Neural Bases of Cognitive Conflict and Control in Moral Judgment, in: Neuron 44 (2004), pp. 389-400. Immanuel Kant, Critique of Practical Reason, Riga 1788. See this distinction in Hans Joas, The emergence of values, Frankfurt a.M. 1997. The question of when something is considered to be "good" and "right" has been subject to controversial provisions in the 20th century, not least from the point of view of virtue ethics and the philosophy of language, which cannot be understood here. With the underlying conception of morality as an utterance system of individually reflected, self-binding and at the same time universal validity of behavioral demands, we are methodologically based, among other things, on the "universal prescriptivism" of Richard M. Hare, first developed in The Language of Morals, Oxford 1952. Detlev Peukert has taken up this ambivalent dynamic of modernity in numerous writings. As one of his last and unfinished projects, he worked on a contribution to "History as a historical moral science", which was intended to give this ambivalence a historical-theoretical foundation. Cf. Frank Bajohr, Detlev Peukert's contributions to the social history of modernity, in: ders./Werner Johe / Uwe Lohalm (eds.), Zivilisation und Barbarei. The contradicting potentials of modernity. Detlev Peukert commemorating, Hamburg 1991, pp. 7-16, here p. 13. Niklas Luhmann, Paradigm lost, Frankfurt a.M. 1990, pp. 17f. Compare the discourse on "dignity" and "recognition"; i.a. Avishai Margalit, Politics of Dignity. About Respect and Contempt, Frankfurt a.M. 1999; Judith Butler, Critique of Ethical Violence, Frankfurt a.M. 2002; Axel Honneth, The I in We. Studies on the theory of recognition, Berlin 2010. For a criticism of a teleological reading of human rights see Samuel Moyn, On the Genealogy of Morals, in: ders., Human Rights and the Uses of History, London 2014, pp. 1-18. Ellen Key, The Century of the Child , Berlin 1902. As a representative, also for the now broad empirical research literature, see the "affirmative genealogy" of human rights represented by Hans Joas: ders., Die Sakralität der Person. A new genealogy of human rights, Berlin 2011; ders., Are human rights western ?, Munich 2015. On "ethical relativism" in contemporary philosophy, see Steven Lukes, Moral Relativism, London 2008. Friedrich Nietzsche, On the Genealogy of Morals. A pamphlet, Leipzig 1887. Cf. Lars Niehaus, The problem of morality. On the relationship between criticism and historical considerations in Nietzsche's late work, Würzburg 2009. Emile Durkheim, Le suicide. Étude de sociologie, Paris 1897. See William James, The Moral Philosopher and the Moral Life, in: ders., The Will to Believe and Other Essays in Popular Philosophy, London 1896, pp. 184-215; John Dewey, Reconstruction in Philosophy, New York 1920, pp. 161-186. For an example of the moral debates at the turn of the century, see Detlef Briesen, Warenhaus, Massen Konsum und Sozialmoral. On the history of consumer criticism in the 20th century, Frankfurt a.M. 2001; Habbo Knoch, Grand Hotels. Luxury rooms and social change in New York, London and Berlin around 1900, Göttingen 2016. Victor Cathrein, The Unity of the Moral Consciousness of Humanity. An ethnographic study, Freiburg 1914. Cf., for example, Alexander Lion, Die Kulturbarkeit des Negers and the educational tasks of the cultural nations, Berlin 1908. Reinhold Niebuhr, Reflections of an End of an Era, New York 1932, pp. Ix. See also, Moral Man and Immoral Society, New York 1934. Cf. Fritz Stern, cultural pessimism as a political danger. An analysis of national ideology in Germany, Bern 1963; Harald Welzer, Mass Murder and Morality. Some considerations on a subject that can be misunderstood, in: Kristin Platt (ed.), Genozid und Moderne, Vol. 1: Structures of collective violence in the 20th century, Opladen 1998, pp. 254-272; Raphael Gross, remained decent. National Socialist Morality, Frankfurt a.M. 2010. See Moyn, Human Rights and the Uses of History (note 22), pp. 87-98. In this way, "neoliberalism" can be understood as the release of economic competition from morally reflective regulations. See Ralph Jessen (ed.), Competition in History. Practices - Values - Institutionalizations, Frankfurt a.M. 2014. Luc Boltanski, Distant Suffering. Morality, Media, and Politics, Cambridge 1999; Henning Ritter, Misfortunes near and far. Experiment about compassion, Munich 2004; ders., The screams of the wounded. Attempt on cruelty, Munich 2013; Susan Sontag, Looking at the suffering of others, Munich 2003. Dieter Birnbacher, Responsibility for Future Generations, Stuttgart 1988. Valentin Beck, A Theory of Global Responsibility. What we owe people in extreme poverty, Berlin 2016. Cf. Martin Pfaffenzeller, Airplane crash in Africa? I don't care !, in: Spiegel Online, October 12, 2016; Susan D. Moeller, Compassion Fatigue. How the Media Sell Disease, Famine, War and Death, London 1999; Judith Butler, War and Affect, Zurich 2009. See Gary S. Becker, The Economic Approach to Human Behavior, Chicago 1976. Cf. Jürgen Habermas, facticity and validity. Contributions to the discourse theory of law and the democratic constitutional state, Frankfurt a.M. 1992, pp. 349-397; Nina Verheyen, willingness to discuss. A cultural history of the »better argument« in West Germany, Göttingen 2010. See Stanley Cohen, Folk Devils and Moral Panics, London 1972. Cf. Günter Schmölders, Psychologie des Geldes, Reinbek bei Hamburg 1966; Stephan Burgdorff, Economy in the Underground, Reinbek near Hamburg 1983. As part of the research project "The Moral Iconography of the 20th Century", an image database is being created at the University of Cologne. See Habbo Knoch, Cruel Pictures. Violence in 20th Century Photography, in: Martin Sabrow (ed.), The Century of Violence, Leipzig 2014, pp. 65-92; ders., Shocking pictures. 1945 and the moral iconography of the 20th century, in: Neue Politische Literatur 61 (2016), pp. 63-77; Heide Fehrenbach / Davide Rodogno (eds.), Humanitarian Photography. A History, Cambridge 2014. Cf. Eva-Maria Silies, Liebe, Lust und Last. The pill as a female generation experience in the Federal Republic, 1960–1980, Göttingen 2010. James Davison Hunter, Culture Wars. The Struggle to Define America, New York 1991. Alexander and Margarete Mitscherlich, The Inability to Mourn. Basics of collective behavior, Munich 1967, pp. 158-224. Arnold Gehlen, Morality and Hypermorality. A pluralistic ethics, Frankfurt a.M. 1969, especially pp. 79-94. See Allan Bloom, The Closing of the American Mind, New York 1987; Geoffrey Hughes, Political Correctness. A History of Semantics and Culture, Chichester 2009; Gerd Wiegel / Johannes Klotz (eds.), Spiritual arson? The Walser-Bubis Debate, Cologne 1999; Gerhard Müller, good person - and good person. Comments on a current stimulus word, in: Sprachspiegel 67 (2011), pp. 2-9. Richard Rorty, Contingency, Irony, and Solidarity, Cambridge 1989, pp. 189-198. See Walter Bryce Gallie, Essentially Contested Concepts, in: Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 56 (1956), pp. 167-198. Cf. Henning Hahn, Globale Gerechtigkeit. A philosophical introduction, Frankfurt a.M. 2009; Karen M. Sykes, Ethnographies of Moral Reasoning. Living Paradoxes of a Global Age, New York 2009. Cf. Jan Eckel / Samuel Moyn (eds.), Moral for the World? Human rights policy in the 1970s, Göttingen 2012. Hans Jonas, The principle of responsibility. An attempt at ethics for technical civilization, Frankfurt a.M. 1979; Ulrich Beck, Risk Society. On the way to a different modern age, Frankfurt a.M. 1986; Zygmunt Bauman, Liquid Modernity, Cambridge 2000. Cf. Pascal Eitler / Jens Elberfeld (eds.), Zeitgeschichte des Selbst. Therapeutization - Politicization - Emotionalization, Bielefeld 2015; Maik Tellers, The Therapeutic Decade. The psycho boom in the seventies, Göttingen 2016; Uffa Jensen / Maik Tellers (eds.), The Self between Adjustment and Liberation. Psychological Knowledge and Politics in the 20th Century, Göttingen 2012. Cf. Rahel Jaeggi, Alienation. On the topicality of a socio-philosophical problem, Frankfurt a.M. 2005; Charles Taylor, Das Unbehagen an der Moderne, Frankfurt a.M. 1995; ders., sources of the self. The emergence of the modern identity, Frankfurt a.M. 1996. Cf. Heinz D. Kittsteiner, The emergence of modern conscience, Frankfurt a.M. 1991. Cf. Rainer E. Wiedemann, Faith and Loyalty in the Process of Social Change. A sociological sketch, in: Nikolaus Buschmann / Karl Murr (ed.), Treue. Political loyalty and military allegiance in the modern age, Göttingen 2008, pp. 36-71. Cf. Benjamin Möckel, Against the »Plastic World of Supermarkets«. Criticism of consumption and capitalism in the genesis of »fair trade«, in: Archiv für Sozialgeschichte 56 (2016), pp. 335-352; David Cake Book, "One World". Global awareness of interdependence and the moralization of everyday life in the 1970s and 1980s, in: Geschichte und Gesellschaft 38 (2012), pp. 158-184. Cf. Ernst Tugendhat, On the Concept and Grounds of Morality , in: ders., Philosophische Aufzüge, Frankfurt a.M. 1992, pp. 315-333. Cf. Hartmut Berghoff / Jakob Vogel (eds.), Economic history as cultural history. Dimensions of a change of perspective, Frankfurt a.M. 2004; Christof Dejung / Monika Dommann / Daniel Speich Chassé (eds.), In search of the economy. Historical approaches, Tübingen 2014; Norbert Götz, Moral Economy. Its Conceptual History and Analytical Prospects, in: Journal of Global Ethics 11 (2015), pp. 147-162. Hannah Arendt, About Evil. A lecture on questions of ethics, Munich 2006, p. 13. Cf. Bettina Stangneth, Böses Denk, Reinbek bei Hamburg 2016; Susan Neiman, Thinking Evil. Another history of philosophy, Frankfurt a.M. 2004. Zygmunt Bauman, The Fear of Others. An essay on migration and scaremongering, Frankfurt a.M. 2016, pp. 77f. License Copyright © Clio-online - Historisches Fachinformationssystem e.V. and the author, all rights reserved. This work may be copied and redistributed for non-commercial purposes. However, republication can only be granted with prior written consent of the above-named rights holders. For permission to republish this work (including translations) please contact: For the use of photographs, audio and video material included in the articles note the stated terms of license and the rights holders. - Australian cricketer Usman Khajawa is Indian - Why does pain make people believe - After death, the soul Atma exists - What facial moisturizer has changed your skin dramatically - What is the value of a share - What does disciplined mean - Why should anyone take holistic healing seriously - Breakup sex is okay - Are titanium rings better than stainless steel - Which company offers strong VPS dedicated servers?	https://ramblingsofaneuroticwriter.com/?post=6977
An understanding of computer science is becoming increasingly essential in today's world. The ability to code and understand the power of computing is crucial for student's success in a hyper-connected world. In the classroom, coding is linked to improved problem solving and analytical reasoning. These lesson plans were created to help primary and secondary education teachers introduce coding to students. They will make pupils understand coding concepts in a fun way and offer teachers many ideas and resources. They are relevant to teachers from all subjects and all levels of experience, as they feature teaching-learning activities that will make your students interested and motivated to learn how to code. The lesson plans were prepared in the context of the Hour of Code in 2014. Teachers were asked to prepare a lesson plan for their own hour of code lesson or a series of lessons addressing coding related areas and make use of the tools and resources introduced on the course.	http://www.allyouneediscode.eu/lesson-plans
Lord Ganesha is presented in the Puranas as a courageous and wonderful warrior. Ganesha's warrior version is often recognised as Veera Ganesha. There are numerous tales in religious scriptures that recognise cases involving Ganesha's warrior version. In accordance with the Shiva Purana, Deity was conceived with excellent adeptness. Goddess Parvati once unearthed that she possessed no personnel to safeguard her domicile. As an outcome, she molded a baby from the turmeric dough she was using to thoroughly clean herself. Ganesha was brought into the world after the goddess breathed new life into the sculpture. She assigned the honorable child to shield the entry and keep everyone else out. He conformed with her guidelines. When Lord Shiva tried to gain access subsequently, he unearthed that Lord Ganesha was attempting to prevent him from attempting to enter his own residence. Lord attempted to convince the child, but his attempts were pointless. Shiva then deployed his heavenly soldiers (Ganas) to fight Lord Ganesha, however they were unable to subdue the child. Once Parvati discovered the dispute, she endowed Lord Ganesha and requested him to do his job honestly. As a result, Ganesha challenged the ganas and stopped them from attempting to enter. Lord Shiva was outraged and demanded that Lord Brahma cooperate in the issue. Ganesha, on the contrary, explicitly prohibited Brahma from trying to enter. Moreover, Lord Ganesha pulled Lord Brahma's beard and grossly insulted him. Brahma then proclaimed himself as a Brahmin and pleaded for forgiveness. The Goddess Parvati then decided to intervene and sorted out the problem. Lord Shiva later appeared and contested Ganesha. Shiva fought hard with the child. Nevertheless, the Lord ultimately beheaded Ganesha. A whole other legend referenced in the Vamana Purana is that Lord Ganesha played a key role in the total annihilation of the Asuras or evil spirits. When Lord Shiva ended up going to pacify the evil spirit Andhakasura, Lord Ganesha battled a devil named Thunda, who was among Andhakasura's troops. Ganesha annihilated and defeated Thunda after quite a brutal battle. Later, Sukra, the wicked priest, compelled Andhakasura to resurrect the fallen asuras of the demon military. Lord Shiva entrusted the task of introducing Sukra before him to his child Ganesha. The elephant-headed Lord was later enveloped and confronted by the devilish military while performing his duties. Ganesha ended up fighting the evil spirits alone by himself. Lord Brahma subsequently sent Lord Indra to aid Ganesha, and they managed to bring Sukra to Shiva. The myth of Lord Ganesha and Parashurama's prolonged battle is outlined in the Brahmanda Purana. Lord Parashurama traveled to Mount Kailash to see Lord Shiva one day. However, Lord Ganesha, who was constructed as a custodian of Goddess Parvati, deterred him from attempting to enter the residence. This frustrated Parashurama, and he began to battle Lord Ganesha. Lord Parashurama then decided to throw his ax at Ganesha. The elephant-headed deity seemed to be knowledgeable that the heavenly ax was handed down to him by his father, Lord Shiva; as a consequence, he let the ax sever one of his tusks. Goddess Parvati was angered once she learned that her elder son's tusk was amputated. Lord Shiva then pacified Parvati and managed to convince her not to hurt or kill Parashurama. FAQS Q1. What is the symbolism presented by Lord Ganesha’s pot belly? Ganesha's stomach appears to contain endless realms; this symbolizes Ganesha's capacity to swallow the universe's heartaches and safeguard the entire universe. Q2. How many forms of Ganesha exist? The Mudgala Purana, which is committed wholly to Lord Ganesha, acknowledges the Ashtavinayaka, or 8 Manifestations of Ganesha.	https://www.exoticindiaart.com/sculptures/brass/ganesha/warrior-ganesha/
With the high school football season set to begin this weekend, the Connecticut Sports Writers Alliance is pleased to release the 2018 Connecticut high school football record book. This is the 19th edition of the record book, a compilation of records and historical information from newspapers, team statisticians, coach’s records and individual research. Some of the new information in this year’s record book includes: - An update of year-end state coaches and sportswriters polls with voting for each season. - Additional history for some of the state’s co-op football programs. - State players named to USA Today’s All-USA Connecticut football team at the end of each season. - The New Haven Register’s Coach of the Year award that dates back to 1997. Several athletes, coaches and teams established or tied new state records in 2017. - Westhill’s Zaire Ragain and Hillhouse’s Prince Boyd, Jr., each set a new state record for most sacks in a game with 6½. Ragain had 6½ sacks against Trumbull on November 4 while Boyd had 6½ against New Milford on September 15. - Middletown’s Michael Aresco set a new state record for most field goals in a career (24) and most points kicking in a career (225). - New Canaan’s Grant Morse tied the state record for most field goals in a single game (4) with four against Pascack Valley, New Jersey on October 28. He hit from 43, 21, 21 and 33 yards. - Westhill set a new state record for most sacks in a game with 16 against Trumbull. - Greenwich set a new state record for most sacks in a season with 65 in 13 games. - With nine victories in 2017, New Canaan head coach Lou Marinelli set the career record for wins as a coach with 340. He is one of three state coaches with more than 300 wins and one of 18 that have won more than 200 career games. The oldest individual record belongs to Stamford’s Earl Gillespie and Stamford’s Gaynor Brennan who each kicked 12 extra points in a single game. Gillespie did it 105 years ago in 1913 against Paterson, N.J., while Brennan did it against St. Francis Prep from Brooklyn in 1920. As recently as 2003, New Britain’s Chris Roberts was 11-of-13 on PATs in a win over Maloney. It’s been over 100 years since Torrington’s Raymond “Ducky” Pond set a new state record that still stands with two kickoff returns for a touchdown in a win over Simsbury on Nov. 16, 1917. Ansonia head coach Tom Brockett still has the top winning percentage in state history with a .930 winning percentage (148-11) since he began leading the Chargers in 2006. Our local teams from the Farmington Valley are well represented in the record book, too. Farmington’s Brandon Williard is No. 6 on the single game rushing record board with 508 yards on 37 carries against Plainville in 2002. Farmington’s Greg Balicki holds the state record for most tackles in a single season (212), set in 1996. Avon’s Colin Moore is ranked in the top 15 for career rushing yards with 5,217 yards on 682 carries from 2009-12. He rushed for at least 100 yards in 21 consecutive games in 2011-12, good enough for No. 2 on the all-time list. Moore’s 19 two-point conversion runs in 2011 is No. 2 on the single season list for most two-point conversions. Only Rockville’s Joe Calaci had more (22) in 1969. Avon’s 707-yard rushing performance in a win over Windsor Locks/Suffield/East Granby in 2014 is the second-highest rushing effort by a team in a single game. Only Torrington in 2012 ran for more with 853 yards against Sacred Heart. Simsbury’s Phil Pope shares the state record with Bobby Valentine of Rippowam-Stamford and Newtown’s Ben Mason for most interception returns for a touchdown in a career. Both have returned five interceptions for TDs. Pope played at Simsbury from 1966-68 while Valentine, who managed the New York Mets and Boston Red Sox, played at the now-closed Rippowam from 1965-67. Mason played at Newtown in 2015 and 2016. Granby running back Connor Field is tied for eighth on the list for most consecutive games rushing for at least 100 yards. Field ran for 100 yards on 16 consecutive occasions from 2014-15. The state record is held by Bristol Central’s Tim Washington with 25 games in a row from 1999 to 2001. Farmington holds the state record for most fumble recoveries in a single game with nine against Avon in 1974. Canton is No. 2 on that list with eight fumble recoveries in a 1952 win over Gilbert. Click on the following link for the 2018 Connecticut High School Football Record Book. If you have some additional information for the record book, please email co-editor Robert Barton at [email protected] or Gerry deSimas, Jr., at [email protected].	https://collinsvillepress.com/2018/09/new-edition-of-the-connecticut-high-school-football-record-book-released/18906/
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT REFERENCE TO A “SEQUENCE LISTING” BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION None This is solely my personal invention and is NOT made with or related to federal funding None Frequently I have seen ambulances rush through traffic junctions and other vehicles have to swirl into the other lanes to provide enough for the ambulances to pass through, and I have decided to discover a way to allow the ambulances easily pass through the junction with the minimum efforts from other vehicles. This invention is to let ambulances (police vehicles, fire engines, or other emergency vehicles) control the traffic lights ahead on the desired paths of such vehicles, so that other vehicles will be directed accordingly to create the best possible chance of open traffic lanes for such vehicles to pass through the junction. This invention is to let ambulances (police vehicles, fire engines, or other emergency vehicles) control the traffic lights ahead based on the desired paths of such vehicles, so that other vehicles will be directed accordingly to create the best possible chance of open traffic lanes for such vehicles to pass through the junction. This electronic traffic control can be achieved either by direct telecommunication between those afore-mentioned vehicles installed with electronic signal devices and the traffic lights equipped with electronic signal receivers, or by telecommunication between a central station with real-time geo information of the above-mentioned vehicles and the traffic lights equipped with electronic signal receivers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS No drawing is necessary and thus not provided herein.
provides conflict- and disaster-affected children with access to water, sanitation, nutrition, education, health and protection services. Read more about this year’s appeal here. Syrian refugees snapshot Appeal highlights The Syrian refugee crisis remains the largest displacement crisis in the world, with 5.6 million registered refugees, including over 2.5 million children, living in Turkey, Lebanon, Jordan, Iraq and Egypt. Among the 18.8 million people in need (including in host communities), 6.3 million people require water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) assistance and 7 million children require education support. Despite host government efforts to provide public services for refugees, vulnerability remains high and is exacerbated by lack of livelihood opportunities, growing inequalities and economically strained institutions. In some locations, pressure has been steadily mounting on refugee populations, affecting the already fragile social cohesion. Refugee women and children – including unaccompanied and separated children and women and children with disabilities – are most at risk. In schools, overcrowded classrooms, lack of supplies, violence and discrimination are seriously undermining children's access to education. Years of conflict in the Syrian Arab Republic and prolonged displacement have negatively impacted the psychosocial well-being and learning abilities of refugee children, many of whom have dropped out of school. While Syrian refugees and host community households do experience similar challenges, refugees are also vulnerable to additional challenges – particularly in regard to meeting their basic needs – due to their legal status and the impact of residency and labour policies on their mobility and access to essential services and livelihood opportunities. In this context, risks of exploitation and abuse are high, and households are forced to resort to negative coping mechanisms such as child labour to generate income. Moreover, women and girls remain at risk of gender-based violence, including child marriage, which is rooted in harmful social and gender norms and exacerbated by years of displacement and fragmented social safety nets. The registered Syrian refugee population is expected to remain significant throughout 2020. The deteriorating security situation in the northern Syrian Arab Republic could further destabilize the region, hinder voluntary and safe returns and trigger new large-scale refugee influxes. UNICEF estimates that nearly 160,000 people, including 70,000 children, have been displaced since hostilities in the northeast Syrian Arab Republic escalated following the launch of military operations. Key planned results for 2020 846,500 children accessing formal and non-formal education in Turkey 438,911 people accessing a sufficient quantity of safe water for drinking, cooking and personal hygiene in Lebanon 90,000 children, adolescents, youth and caretakers accessing mental health and psychosocial support in Egypt Funding requirements for 2020 Country strategy UNICEF’s humanitarian strategy is aligned with the Regional Refugee and Resilience Plan, and aims to address the needs of Syrian refugees and vulnerable host communities by delivering a more effective, inclusive and gender-sensitive humanitarian response. To address the protracted nature of the refugee crisis, UNICEF will continue to reinforce the linkages between humanitarian response and longer-term development goals. The programmatic focus on key cross-cutting issues will be strengthened, including the prevention of and response to sexual exploitation and abuse, including gender-based violence, and improving accountability to affected populations. To enhance access to and quality of education, UNICEF will expand its support to national education systems, focusing on out-of-school children and children with disabilities. Other priorities within the education programme will include the provision of early childhood care/education, conditional cash transfers to support access to schooling, capacity building of local educational institutions and teacher certification and trainings. The WASH programme will provide Syrian refugees in camps, informal settlements and urban and rural areas with safe WASH services and emphasize the transition to more sustainable and cost-effective WASH solutions. In addition to routine vaccination and mass vaccination campaigns to address outbreaks of diseases such as polio and measles, the UNICEF health and nutrition programme will promote equitable access to preventive and curative interventions. This will include the identification and treatment of acutely malnourished children, the promotion of infant and young child feeding and support for newborn care services and growth monitoring. UNICEF will reinforce the capacities of primary health care units and provide parents and caregivers with awareness-raising sessions on early childhood development. UNICEF will continue to work closely with local authorities to strengthen national child protection systems and policies. Children and caregivers will gain equitable access to community-based mental health and psychosocial support services and child protection assistance. Key interventions will include the provision of cash grants to unaccompanied and separated children; identification, referral and service provision for children with protection needs; support for safe spaces for women and girls (including survivors of gender-based violence); and efforts to prevent child marriage and child labour. UNICEF will continue to address the needs of adolescents and youth by increasing access to and quality of technical and vocational training and innovative skills-building programmes, to enhance adolescents' meaningful engagement, empowerment and employability. Programme targets Find out more about UNICEF's work Highlights Humanitarian Action is at the core of UNICEF’s mandate to realize the rights of every child. This edition of Humanitarian Action for Children – UNICEF’s annual humanitarian fundraising appeal – describes the ongoing crises affecting Syrian refugees and other affected populations in Turkey, Lebanon, Jordan, Iraq and Egypt; the strategies that we are using to respond to these situations; and the donor support that is essential in this response.	https://www.unicef.org/appeals/syrian-refugees
Known as: animal organ development , development of an organ Development of a tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Development pertains to the process whose specific… Expand National Institutes of Health Create Alert Alert Related topics Related topics 50 relations Narrower (2) Adipogenesis organ maturation BGLAP gene BGLAP wt Allele BMP7 gene Basement Membrane-Specific Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycan Core Protein Expand Broader (1) Embryonic Development Papers overview Semantic Scholar uses AI to extract papers important to this topic. Highly Cited 2019 Highly Cited 2019 The single cell transcriptional landscape of mammalian organogenesis Junyue Cao , M. Spielmann , +9 authors J. Shendure Nature 2019 Corpus ID: 67771435 Mammalian organogenesis is a remarkable process. Within a short timeframe, the cells of the three germ layers transform into an… Expand Review 2016 Review 2016 Specification of tissue-resident macrophages during organogenesis E. Mass , I. Ballesteros , +12 authors F. Geissmann Science 2016 Corpus ID: 9374178 INTRODUCTION Embryonic development and tissue homeostasis depend on cooperation between specialized cell types. Resident… Expand Review 2008 Review 2008 Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells to Clinically Relevant Populations: Lessons from Embryonic Development C. Murry , G. Keller Cell 2008 Corpus ID: 919834 Review 2008 Review 2008 Retinoic Acid Synthesis and Signaling during Early Organogenesis G. Duester Cell 2008 Corpus ID: 3025205 Highly Cited 2001 Highly Cited 2001 Liver Organogenesis Promoted by Endothelial Cells Prior to Vascular Function Kunio Matsumoto , H. Yoshitomi , J. Rossant , K. Zaret Science 2001 Corpus ID: 44496195 The embryonic role of endothelial cells and nascent vessels in promoting organogenesis, prior to vascular function, is unclear… Expand Highly Cited 2000 Highly Cited 2000 Plant organ size control: AINTEGUMENTA regulates growth and cell numbers during organogenesis. Y. Mizukami , R. Fischer Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences… 2000 Corpus ID: 29754779 The control of cell proliferation during organogenesis plays an important role in initiation, growth, and acquisition of the… Expand Highly Cited 1999 Highly Cited 1999 OPGL is a key regulator of osteoclastogenesis, lymphocyte development and lymph-node organogenesis Y. Kong , H. Yoshida , +14 authors J. Penninger Nature 1999 Corpus ID: 4425774 The tumour-necrosis-factor-family molecule osteoprotegerin ligand (OPGL; also known as TRANCE, RANKL and ODF) has been identified… Expand Highly Cited 1999 Highly Cited 1999 Severe osteopetrosis, defective interleukin‐1 signalling and lymph node organogenesis in TRAF6‐deficient mice A. Naito , S. Azuma , +8 authors Jun-ichiro Inoue Genes to Cells 1999 Corpus ID: 6348480 TRAF6, a member of the tumour necrosis factor receptor‐associated factor family, was first identified as a transducer of CD40 and… Expand Highly Cited 1997 Highly Cited 1997 The CLAVATA1 Gene Encodes a Putative Receptor Kinase That Controls Shoot and Floral Meristem Size in Arabidopsis S. Clark , Robert W. Williams , E. Meyerowitz Cell 1997 Corpus ID: 15360609 Highly Cited 1996 Highly Cited 1996 Alpha 3 beta 1 integrin has a crucial role in kidney and lung organogenesis. J. Kreidberg , M. Donovan , +4 authors R. Jaenisch Development 1996 Corpus ID: 11256624 A mutation was targeted to the murine alpha3 integrin gene. Homozygous mutant mice survived to birth, but died during the… Expand By clicking accept or continuing to use the site, you agree to the terms outlined in our (opens in a new tab) ,	https://www.semanticscholar.org/topic/Organogenesis/42515
By: Ben Greenfield In the 2014 Spartan World Championships, at one point I clambered upside down monkey style across the Tyrolean Traverse, and I was forced to grip the rope hard with my calves and hamstrings. At that point in my life, I wasn’t accustomed to this; before then, I had never climbed upside down on a rope. About halfway across the rope, my right calf cramped hard, and I went flailing off the rope and into the water below. Cramps happen for two reasons: dehydration and using new muscles that you haven’t used before. If (as is surprisingly typical) your cramp is not due to dehydration, and is instead simply a muscle going into a protective spasm due to under-use, the taste of something salty can instantly reverse that cramp. The most popular research study on cramping used pickle juice. But since there were no pickle trees nearby, I did the next best thing: I simply broke open of the electrolyte capsules I had stuffed in my shorts pocket in a ziptop bag and dumped the sickeningly salty contents under my tongue. Boom. One salty gag reflex, and cramp gone. Crazy, right? You’re about to learn why this little trick worked, what really causes muscle cramps, and how you can stop cramps in their tracks. Cramping Myths Cramping is one of the top complaints I hear from Spartans who are competing in longer events like a Beast, an Ultra-Beast or even the brutal Agoge and Hurricane Heat portions of the coveted Spartan DELTA. I personally hate cramps. They hurt, they slow me down, and they negate months of hard training by taking away my precious time in a race. To fight cramps, we’re usually told to “stay hydrated” and “consume lots of electrolytes” or salt tablets. Pretty much every sports nutrition book and magazine you can find will tell you that if you want to avoid muscle cramps, you need lots of water and electrolytes. But that’s not necessarily true, and you’re about to discover why. What Most People Think Causes Muscle Cramps The most common explanation for what causes muscle cramps goes like this: - When you exercise, your body sweats, releasing water and electrolytes like sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and chloride. - As you continue to lose water and electrolytes during your workout, your body becomes depleted. - Electrolytes help conduct nerve impulses throughout your body, which allows your muscles to contract. When your body loses enough water and/or electrolytes, the nerve impulses from your brain to your muscles become deranged. This makes your muscles cramp. And this is exactly why you’re told to consume sports drinks, electrolyte tablets, and oodles of water during your workouts to help prevent cramps. Unfortunately, unless you’re severely dehydrated or mineral depleted, and as I explain in this audio podcast episode, there’s almost no evidence that this strategy works. Why Electrolyte Loss and Dehydration Don’t Usually Cause Muscle Cramps There are four reasons why losing electrolytes and water probably don’t cause cramps. 1. Sweat contains far more water than it does electrolytes. When you become dehydrated, your blood levels of electrolytes actually rise or stay about the same. 2. People who get muscle cramps have about the same level of electrolytes and dehydration as people who don’t cramp. In some cases, athletes who cramp have slightly higher magnesium levels. Other studies have found no relationship of any kind between an athlete’s electrolyte levels and their risk of cramping, meaning their risk of cramping was no higher or lower based on their electrolyte levels. Athletes who cramp tend to also have about the same level of hydration as athletes who don’t. One study found that drinking Gatorade did not prevent people from cramping at all. 3. Not all of your muscles cramp. If your cramps were caused by a loss of electrolytes, then all or most of your muscles should cramp, not just some of them. When people develop a real electrolyte deficiency, virtually all of their muscles go into uncontrollable spasms. On the other hand, athletes almost always get cramps in the muscles they’re using the most during their workouts. For example, in one study on ultra-marathon runners over 95% of all cramps occurred in the leg muscles during the race. 4. Stretching, resting, and drinking pickle juice shouldn’t help stop cramps—but they do! If muscle cramps were caused by dehydration and electrolyte loss, then there’s no good reason why stretching, resting, and sipping or tasting something very salty like pickle juice should help cramps disappear—but they do. In one study, pickle juice actually helped cramps disappear faster than drinking water or nothing at all. You might think that the salt and other electrolytes in the pickle juice were what stopped the cramps, but it wasn’t so. The cramps stopped long before the sodium from the pickles could be absorbed, so it couldn’t have worked by replenishing lost electrolytes. What Really Causes Muscle Cramps? The newest and most scientifically supported theory is that muscle cramps are caused by premature fatigue. Here’s how it works. As you get tired, your muscle’s reflex control becomes dysfunctional. Instead of contracting and relaxing like they’re supposed to, they keep firing. Basically, your muscles become “twitchy” and can’t stop contracting. This is backed up by the following facts: - The muscles you use the most during your workouts are the ones that usually cramp. - Muscles that cross multiple joints are more likely to cramp than other muscles. These muscles generally have more activity during exercise when they’re more likely to get tired. - You’re far more likely to cramp during a race than you are in training — when you’re pushing yourself harder than normal. Cramps also tend to occur at the end of races when you’re most fatigued. - If you don’t pace yourself properly, you’re more likely to cramp. Athletes who go out too hard relative to their training experience are much more likely to cramp than those who stay within their limits. - Drinking pickle juice helps cramps disappear faster than drinking water or nothing at all, and this happens before the salt from the pickle juice can be absorbed. Researchers think this is because the salty taste of the pickle juice “tricks” the brain into relaxing the muscles. - Some evidence indicates that athletes who cramp have more muscle damage before races. At this point, there’s zero direct evidence that consuming extra electrolytes will help you avoid muscle cramps. There’s some evidence that dehydration might be involved, but it’s almost certainly not the primary cause of your muscle cramps. 5 Scientific Ways to Stop Muscle Cramps So how can you actually stop muscle cramps? Here are 5 scientifically proven methods: 1. Train specifically for your race. Most cramps happen when you push yourself harder than you’re used to. If you make your training more similar to racing in terms of intensity and duration, then you’re probably less likely to cramp. 2. Rest. If you get a cramp, the best way to get rid of it is to rest. Most cramps don’t last more than about 2-3 minutes at most. 3. Lightly stretch the muscle. Some evidence indicates that light passive stretching can help muscle cramps go away faster than rest alone. You’re not trying to improve your flexibility with this stretching — just pull on the muscle lightly to tell the brain it’s okay to relax. 4. Drink pickle juice or another salty solution. Drinking pickle juice may help your cramps disappear faster than drinking plain water or nothing. Since the effect is probably due to the acidic/salty taste, any similar drink or food would probably work well, too. 5. Stay hydrated. There isn’t much evidence that dehydration causes muscle cramps, but it might contribute. It’s obviously worth staying hydrated for other reasons, so keep drinking when you’re thirsty. Reduce Your Risk of Muscle Cramps Nothing can guarantee that you’ll never get a muscle cramp. However, using the best available scientific evidence, you can reduce your chances significantly. So let’s review… For cramp prevention: Train smart and stay hydrated. For cramp treatment: rest, lightly stretch the muscle, and taste or drink something that tastes like salt or vinegar.	http://www.warriorfitnessadventure.com/blog/cramping-during-spartan-race-how-stop-cramping-its-tracks
4 Steps to the Perfect Peer Review Report This week is Peer Review Week, an incredibly important week for us here at MDPI. High-quality peer review helps to ensure the credibility of our journals and the research they publish. Last year, we celebrated 25 years of peer review. Our article, What We’ve Learned About Peer Review Reports, explains the role of the peer reviewer and provides some general tips on how to write a peer review report. In How to Write the Perfect Peer Review Report: An Interview, earlier this year, we spoke to Prof. Dr. Stelian Alexandru Borz, Transilvania University of Brasov, Romania, and Dr. Maricar Aguilos, North Carolina State University, NC, USA, who won Forests’ 2021 Outstanding Reviewer Award, to gain an expert insight into what goes into writing a peer review report. In this article, we will be talking through the 4 main steps in MDPI’s general guidelines that will help you on your way to successfully writing a peer review report when reviewing academic literature. Although recommendations are different for every publisher, most have some variant of the following: 1. Peer Review Report Structure Review reports should be structured in the following way: A brief summary Reviewers should provide a short paragraph detailing the aim and main contributions of the paper and aspects that stood out to them as being positive or negative. General concept comments about peer review reports For articles, elements that should be noted include the weaker aspects of the paper, the testability of the author’s hypothesis, methodology inaccuracies, a lack of controls, and repeatability, among other factors. For reviews, the reviewer should draw attention to the relevance of the review topic, how complete the review topic is, the legitimacy of the gap in the knowledge identified by the authors, and the appropriateness of references, etc. Note that these comments should not refer to the quality of the English language within the text, nor should they refer to spelling or formatting issues Specific comments for your peer review report These should refer to scientific inaccuracies within the text, and reviewers should be specific about the line number, table, or figure in which they have detected these inaccuracies, as well as sentences that may have an unclear meaning. 2. Evaluation When evaluating the quality of a manuscript in your peer review report, several aspects are rated, namely, novelty, scope, significance, quality, scientific soundness, interest to readers, overall merit, and English level. Novelty The reviewer must determine whether the research question that a manuscript is based around is original and well-defined, as well as if the results expand upon and say something different to the current knowledge on the topic. Scope They must then ask the question as to whether the work contained within the paper fits the scope of the journal. A journal’s scope can be found on the MDPI webpage for that specific journal. Significance Hypotheses should be clearly laid out. The results should be significant and interpreted appropriately. And all conclusions should be justified and supported by the results of the investigation. Quality The manuscript must be written in an appropriate manner, presenting the data and analyses in a clear and appropriate way. When presenting their results, authors must ensure high standards are maintained. Scientific soundness It is crucial that the study has been correctly designed and is technically sound, and that the analyses have been performed in line with the highest technical standards. The data must be sufficiently robust so that significant conclusions can be drawn. The descriptions of the methods, tools, software, and reagents should be detailed. Other researchers should be able to conduct the same study and reproduce the results in future. The raw data should be correct and, where applicable, available to the reader. Interest to readers The conclusions of the paper should be interesting to the readership. It should also be decided whether the paper is likely to attract a wide readership or will it only appeal to a limited number of readers. This can be judged based on the Aims and Scope of the journal, which are provided on the journal’s webpage. Overall merit The peer review report should identify an overall benefit to the work being published and available to readers. This can be determined by asking whether the authors address an important or long-standing question in their experiments, of if they advance what is currently known about the subject. English level The level of English in the paper should be clear, and the language should be appropriate. If after considering any of these criteria the reviewer thinks that a manuscript may be more suitable for publication in a different MDPI journal to the one they have submitted to, they can suggest the alternative journal at this stage. The author then has the option to request that peer review reports be transferred to their newly selected journal. 3. Publication ethics and peer review reports We take publication ethics very seriously, and hold all our manuscripts to the highest standards. They must, therefore, meet the following criteria: authors should only present results that have not been submitted or submitted previously; the information given must be original and must not replicate text from another source without citing it appropriately; widely accepted ethical research standards should be adhered to throughout all studies. At this stage, the reviewer should report any scientific misconduct, fraud, plagiarism or any other behaviour which them deem to be unethical to the in-house editor as soon as they become aware of it. 4. Providing an Overall Recommendation in your Peer Review Report Now, a final recommendation should be provided in terms of how, or if, the article should proceed to the next processing stage. This decision must be justified and backed up with sound reasoning. This recommendation can only be seen by the journal editors and not the authors. Accept in Present Form This status means that the paper can be accepted, and no further revisions are required. Accept after Minor Revisions If the author makes revisions in accordance with the peer review report, the paper should be valid for acceptance. The editor will allow authors 5 days for these revisions to be completed. Reconsider after Major Revisions This means that the acceptance of the manuscript would depend on how effectively the recommended revisions are made. The author must provide a clearly laid out response. It should detail a counterargument for each of the reviewer’s comments that cannot be revised. The author is allowed up to 2 rounds of major revisions for each manuscript. Authors must resubmit their paper after they have made revisions within 10 days. This is then returned to the reviewer to allow them to make further comments. Reject An article can be rejected if it has detrimental errors or does not present original findings. Recording Your Peer Review Report Activities If a reviewer’s ORCID account is connect to their MDPI Submission System (SuSy) account, they can deposit records of their review activities manually into an ORCID iD. Additionally, reviewers can also register and update their review history on SciProfiles, MDPI’s social network for researchers and scholars. Want to Learn More about Peer Review Week and Peer Review Reports? This article has been written in order to help support people in the peer review process. For more information about Peer Review Week, we encourage you to read some of our other articles. And if you want to learn more about our content this week, please take a look at our deep dive on Peer Review Week.	https://blog.mdpi.com/2022/09/20/perfect-peer-review-report/
I’ve been around simulation and synthesis languages for a while; back when you needed an NDA to see the Verilog LRM, and again with SUPERLOG, the predecessor to SystemVerilog. It’s easy for those like me to get caught up in the features of the language and forget that any programming language is just a tool. With any technology, people pick the tools they think will get the job finished most effectively. Tools evolve to meet the challenges and requirements of their users. Verilog and VHDL have clearly evolved to become the prevailing languages for hardware design. But before the language wars came the methodology wars. At the time when Verilog and VHDL were being introduced in the late 1980s, most hardware design was by schematic gale-level entry. We would come to our clients with our simulators and synthesis tools and try to change their design methodology by writing RTL. They would bring their best engineers to compete with our tools – and the engineer would always win by producing a design with better area and timing! However, once the productivity of synthesizing large designs with practical quality of results prevailed over the manual effort, the methodology shift was an easier sell. Fast forward a decade – although designs have increased exponentially as predicted by Moore’s Law, RTL design has not changed in any significant way during that time. Why? Because it takes the same number of lines of RTL code to write an 8-bit adder as it does a 64-bit adder. 🙂 OK, so that’s an over-simplification, but number of lines of RTL code written by a single design engineer has remained manageable. However, for every registered bit added to the design, the state space doubles, and the transition space for testing all permutations of the state space quadruples. Again that’s a simplification, but the correct order of magnitude. During that period, a number of technologies have addressed the increasing complexities of verification, such as constrained random generation, coverage driven verification, and object-oriented programming. These technologies require a change in verification methodology from writing a linear set of test patterns. Success in captivating verification engineers to these new methodologies is taking the same path of those earlier design engineers. A single verification engineer may find a single test to exercise a specific piece of functionally much quicker than it takes a constrained random test to reach that same function. But eventually, a constrained random test will exercise more functionality faster than an engineer can write individual tests. Functional Coverage fits into Constrained Random generation to help measure the quality of your tests by telling you if your constraints are working to exercise the functionality you are required to hit. It takes the randomness out of Constrained Random generation. Since the verification environment is more software design than hardware, Object-Oriented Programming is a technology that helps you write re-usable code, which in turn keeps your verification code manageable. SystemVerilog has become the prevailing language that incorporates all these technologies. But does that mean the need for writing directed tests goes away. No.Designers still layout transistors or gates by hand where it’s critical to their project. Verification engineers should use the technology that is best suited to verify their design. Firmware tests will continue to be written in C/C++ and SystemVerilog’s DPI can help link C based tests to the RTL. SystemC has become the prevailing modeling language for DSP and algorithmic based design. Most simulation tools can seamlessly link those models to RTL to either drive the test or compare results. So next time you’re thinking about which language to choose to verify your design, step back and think about the methodology first. Dave Rich http://blogs.mentor.com/nosimulation/ Related posts:	http://www10.edacafe.com/blogs/daverich/2009/07/07/the-language-versus-the-methodology/
- Session: - Time: Monday, November 8, 2010 - 3:55pm-4:15pm Batch crystallization is an important unit operation, particularly for the manufacture of high value-added products such as pharmaceuticals and fine/specialty chemicals. When crystallization is operated batchwise, it is necessary to specify discrete parameters including seed mass, average seed size, batch time and the initial and final batch concentration, as well as one continuous (path) variable, which is related to the saturation concentration versus time over the course of the batch. Collectively, this information is called the ?recipe? for batch operation. Many papers in the literature have discussed the optimization of batch crystallization processes. Typically, experiments are conducted to determine the parameters of a model for the kinetics of nucleation and growth, and then a continuous optimization routine is employed to determine the optimal saturation concentration trajectory. The drawbacks of this approach are that it may be time-consuming and the kinetic model may not be robust to changes in parameters such as vessel size, stirring rate, etc. Other authors have suggested that it may be nearly optimal to operate batch crystallization processes with a constant supersaturation . Since simple crystallization models assume that crystal growth rate depends only on supersaturation, this implies that the crystal growth rate would also be constant. However implementing a truly constant supersaturation policy requires either a kinetic model or online supersaturation measurement, which also presents technical challenges. In 1971, Mullin and Nyvlt showed that with certain assumptions it is possible to calculate analytically the concentration trajectory corresponding to a constant linear crystal growth rate without the benefit of a kinetic model. The resulting trajectory is a cubic polynomial which is consistent with intuition because if seed crystals grow at a constant linear rate, then their mass will increase with time raised to the third power. Thus the saturation concentration should be decreased at the same rate. Although the assumptions that underlie the Mullin-Nyvlt trajectory are seldom strictly satisfied, the Mullin-Nyvlt trajectory performs much better than other trajectories (linear or natural cooling) that can be implemented without the benefit of a kinetic model. In spite of this, most researchers that calculate optimal trajectories compare the results of the optimal trajectories with the results of a linear or natural cooling trajectory. The comparison typically causes the optimal trajectory to appear to be quite attractive. However the benefit obtained by undertaking the time-consuming process of determining a kinetic model and optimizing it remains uncertain because researchers have not compared the result of the optimization with the best achievable result that does not depend on a kinetic model or optimization, namely the Mullin-Nyvlt cubic trajectory. Furthermore, existing reports are based on studies of particular solute-solvent systems, which makes it difficult to compare results and draw general conclusions. To address these deficiencies, we have developed a new generic dimensionless model for a batch crystallization process. We used the model to compare the results of the optimal trajectory with the results from a constant growth rate trajectory, the Mullin-Nyvlt cubic trajectory and a linear trajectory. We find that the linear trajectory is poor and causes excessive nucleation at the beginning of the batch. By contrast, the Mullin-Nyvlt cubic trajectory performs nearly as well as the optimal trajectory in most cases. In situations where the Mullin-Nyvlt trajectory gives an inadequate performance, a much greater improvement in performance can be achieved by manipulating seed properties rather than by optimizing the saturation concentration trajectory. References 1. Fujiwara M, Nagy ZK, Chew JW, Braatz RD. First-principles and direct design approaches for the control of pharmaceutical crystallization. J. Process Contr. 2005; 15:493-504. 2. Mullin JW, Nývlt J. Programmed cooling of batch crystallizers. Chem. Eng. Sci. 1971; 26: 369-377.	https://www.aiche.org/conferences/aiche-annual-meeting/2010/proceeding/paper/167c-simpler-method-developing-batch-crystallization-recipes
In accordance with the provisions of Law No. 78-17 of January 6th 1978 relating to computers, files and freedoms, the website has been the subject of a declaration to the National Commission for Data Protection in Portugal registered under the number 2481/2017. According to this law, Internet users have the right to oppose, interrogate, access and rectify the data they have provided. All personal information about the customer is only used as part of the business relationship with www.Hiima-store.com. This information is never shared with third parties or sold. For the simple navigation on the website, Hiima-store.com does not require the customer to provide personal information. However, during the ordering phase, the website will need a certain amount of personal information about the customer to be able to respond to the client's order request. This information will then be sent to the company responsible for sending the packages, but it will not be sold. According to GDPR, visitors have the right to access their data, to “forget” them (to permanently delete them from our databases) and to modify their data. For that, do not hesitate to send us an email directly to [email protected] Cookies In order to allow all Internet users optimal navigation on the website www.Hiima-store.com as well as a better functioning of the various interfaces and applications, on the website (date, page, hours …) as well as all the data entered by the Internet users during their visit (search, login, email, password). These cookies are installed only after acceptance of the user, keep on navigating in the website means accepting these cookies. The user has the option to block, change the retention period or delete these cookies by setting his browser. If the deactivation of cookies on the user's browser prevents him from using certain services, this malfunction can in no way be prejudice for the user who can not claim any compensation. Customer Service For any request and question, Hiima customer service is at your disposal:	https://hiima-store.com/privacy-policy/
Ammon Labs has been the preferred drug testing laboratory of addiction treatment professionals and healthcare providers for more than 20 years. Backed by the nation’s leading scientists, we are innovators in toxicology, clinical blood and genetics. Linden, New Jersey United States Review this The Joint Commission (JCAHO) Oak Brook, Illinois United States Review this IC&RC Harrisburg, Pennsylvania United States Review this Credible Behavioral Health Software in Software, Clinical, Software, Enterprise, Software, Web-Based, Software, Wireless, Meaningful Use With over 19 years of innovation and experience, Credible is committed to improving the quality of care and lives in behavioral health for clients, families, providers, and management. Since founded in June 2000, Credible has Partnered with over 435 Rockville, Maryland United States Review this Brown Consulting, Ltd.	http://directory.behavioral.net/listing/books-dvds-5cf7c7764d08a,plumbing-fixtures,meaningful-use,transitional-sober-living,family-services,e-learning-online-education,services
The mystery of creation is an interpretation and a language created between the duality of one’s metaphysical perceptions. The duality of the familiar against the uniqueness of the spirit is played out between the two-dimensionality of the canvas and the three dimensional world of the artist. This duality is developed when the simplification of ideas melds with an interpretation of Truth to form mystery, the Magic in Art. I have developed over the years a body of work interwoven through a multi-dimensionality founded upon an intense desire to express. In each of my paintings, layers are used as tools to better articulate my vision. Each layer is heavily intertwined with the others and equally important in activating the intensity of the piece. The surface qualities of each piece are defined by the interplay of stroke and color creating both a visual and emotional movement. The complexity of each stroke, the creation of form through color, and the nuance of feeling through value, a visual movement is developed. This helps to transcend the visual layers and unveil the spirit of the piece. Through the use of composition and building of elements, one is visually guided. The repetition of rhythm plays against balance, shape and line sculpted by color which leads one internally to the next dimension within the piece. By integrating the golden mean with the classical elements of composition, the pieces are more firmly grounded together. The use of symbolic personalities and figures attracts and invites one to delve deeper into the construct from which the symbols are born. Repetition of these elements supports the main idea of each individual piece as well as the complete body of work. The dimensions and layers work to uphold and strengthen each other, generating a synergetic whole. The genesis, or foundation layer, is rooted in the process of engaging and inspiring. The paintings represent metaphorical elements of change. Art leads to a more profound concept of life. Art itself is a profound expression of feeling. The use of visual means expresses my optimistic view of the world. My vision of beauty comes from confronting and being present for all aspects of life whether it is the form and curve of a wine bottle or the interaction of people both physically and metaphorically.	http://kelleensullivanart.com/biography/artist-statement/
This Alabama Park Is One Of The South’s Most Amazing Archaeological Sites Alabama’s Gulf Coast is the perfect location for a relaxing getaway, and there’s no better place to visit than Dauphin Island. In addition to Dauphin Island producing gorgeous sunsets, this coastal town also provides many great things to see and do. One of Dauphin Island’s best places to visit is Shell Mound Park. To find out what makes this park such a great place to visit, take a look: Have you ever strolled the grounds of Shell Mound Park? If so, what did you think? For more things to see and do in Dauphin Island, be sure to check out our previous article: This Idyllic Alabama Island Retreat Is Perfect For Your Next Getaway. Address:	https://www.onlyinyourstate.com/alabama/park-archaeological-site-al/
The invention relates to a PFC circuit controller structure, a controller and equipment. The structure comprises a reference signal tracking differentiator, a first-order controller, a running state observer and a controlled object. The reference signal tracking differentiator is used for obtaining a first tracking signal r1 (k) according to a reference signal r (k) of a controlled object. The running state observer is used for estimating the state and the total disturbance of the controlled object in real time according to the input signal and the output signal y (k) of the controlled object, a second tracking signal n1 (k) and the total disturbance quantity n2 (k) are obtained, and the second tracking signal n1 (k) is the tracking signal of the sampling signal of the controlled object. The first-order controller is used for generating a compensation control quantity u according to the first tracking signal r1 (k), the second tracking signal n1 (k) and the total disturbance quantity n2 (k). According to the invention, the output voltage fluctuation can be greatly reduced, the dynamic response performance and the anti-interference capability of the system are improved, and the stable operation of the air conditioning system is ensured.
Even at 85 with an art career that has spanned six decades and a hand in mentoring some of Detroit's biggest names in art, longtime figurative painter Shirley Woodson is still learning as an artist. "I learn from it every day," Woodson said. Indeed, age is just a number to Woodson, who spent decades as an art teacher and administrator in Detroit and Highland Park, mentoring other young artists while continuing to work at her own craft. And she isn't slowing down. She was named the Kresge Eminent Artist earlier this year, a coveted cultural prize in Detroit, and just unveiled a new show of her work at the Detroit Artists Market, "Why Do I Delight," that includes some pieces by artists she's taught. And another show of Woodson's paintings is in the works at the Detroit Institute of Arts. Shirley Woodson, Michiganian Todd McInturf, The Detroit News “Shirley Woodson has taught and mentored, cultivating and expanding creative opportunities for successive generations," said Rip Rapson, the president and CEO of the Kresge Foundation. "She has organized artists and curated their exhibitions. And she is an artist who leads by engaged example." Woodson, who was born in Tennessee but moved to Detroit as a baby with her parents and still lives here, knew at 14 that she wanted to be an artist. Her parents exposed her to a variety of creative pursuits — piano, for example — but it was the fine arts to which she was drawn. After graduating from Wayne State University, she found her way into teaching. She spent more than 40 years as both a teacher and administrator in the Detroit Public Schools Community District, Highland Park Schools and at the college level. She also co-founded the Michigan chapter of the National Conference of Artists, one of the nation's oldest arts organizations focused on nurturing, developing and promoting opportunities for Black visual artists. Sonya Clark, a nationally known fiber artist who is now an art professor at Amherst College, is one of the artists Woodson nudged along the way. The two got to know each other while Clark was a graduate student at the Cranbrook Academy of Art. Woodson connected Clark to other artists, included her in group exhibits and invited her to give artist talks, even when she was "green." "I simply cannot imagine how I would have navigated my graduate school years without all the wonderful people she introduced me to," Clark said. "So many of my lifelong friendships with artists and art folks started with my connection to Shirley Woodson." For Woodson, she said she didn't set out to be a mentor, but "I like to see what other artists do." She collects art to this day. Art, she said, is the key to so many other areas, such as history, travel and writing. "What I enjoy about teaching is to see kids learn how to embrace an idea and to be able to express it," said Woodson. "That sounds simple but it really isn't." Her own paintings, meanwhile, are known for their bold colors and expressive nature. "The color is an invitation to look further, to see deeper, to understand different relationships," said Woodson, who uses oils and acrylic paints on canvas and shares a studio with her son, Senghor Reid, also an artist. Imagining her career as it is today, in many ways, was about being open to the idea, Woodson said. But she acknowledges she couldn't have done it without her parents and husband, Edsel B. Reid, who died in 2000. "I knew something was out there," she said. "And it would manifest itself in many ways." [email protected] Shirley Woodson Age: 85 Occupation: Artist, educator, mentor Education: A bachelor of fine arts degree and master of fine art from Wayne State University; she also attended graduate school at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago. Family: Sons Khari and Senghor Reid; and a grandson, Dayton Reid. Why honored: For tirelessly advocating and mentoring other artists, including the late Gilda Snowden, Sonya Clark and others. Correction: This story has been updated to correct the name of Shirley Woodson's late husband, Edsel B. Reid.	https://www.detroitnews.com/in-depth/news/michigan/michiganians-of-year/2021/10/29/shirley-woodson-artist-mentor-detroit-michiganian-of-the-year/8369828002/
The Battle of Trenton The Battle of Trenton was a turning point for George Washington and his men in the Continental Army, having suffered defeat by British forces in the Battle for Long Island, where they lost New York. The military conflict was staged during the American Revolutionary War between Great Britain and its North American colonies. The battle took place on December 26, 1776 in Trenton, New Jersey. Despite the support that the British Army received from the Hessian combatants, American forces managed to crash them and win Trenton. Hessian troops led by Colonel Rall were Germans hired by King George III to fight for the British government in their colonies. These solders were not fighting for any cause but the money paid to them. Summary of The Battle of Trenton Before the eruption of the Battle of Trenton, the town was occupied by about 1,400 Hessian troops under the command of Colonel Johann Rall. Washington, having heard about the rumored exhaustion of the Hessian combatants from Christmas festivities, decided it was the right time to attack. However, loyalists of Colonel Rall had warned him of the plans by America forces to invade Trenton, advices he failed to act upon. Having witnessed the crushing defeat in New York, Washington sent a section of his troops to secure the Hudson Highlands. He then marched towards the south of Delaware River with the remaining men to set camp, while figuring out a plan for victory against the Hessians. Worried about the looming expiry of his men’s enlistment in the Continental Army, Washington had to act fast. On the day after Christmas, General George Washington and his troops set out for an attack on Hessian garrison in Trenton, New Jersey. On the fateful day, they had to again cross the Delaware River, which was filled with ice and raging storms. The river was frozen and storm turned into rain. However, this did not hold back Washington and his soldiers who kept marching. Having ignored the warnings of an imminent attack by American troops, Rall and his German Hessian men were caught unawares. George Washington and Nathaneel Greene led their men to holding all the routes out of the Trenton. In the surprise attack, many of Rall was shot dead forcing his men to start fleeing in different directions. With the escape routes held by American soldiers, several Hessians were killed and others captured. The remaining fighters who escaped the wrath of Americans retreated to an orchard in the South East of Trenton, where laid down their weapons. Americans were able to eventually gain control of Trenton where they took about 1000 Hessian soldiers prisoners. The captives were marched through Philadelphia to Pennsylvania. By the time the British General Howe got news of the defeat of Hessian soldiers, Washington and his men had already fled out of Trenton with the prisoners. From the Battle of Trenton, American soldiers were exhausted and camped on the side of Delaware River. Washington knew that he and his men faced several challenges ahead, considering British forces were planning on sending reinforcements. To maintain the high spirits of his soldiers, he plotted another attack at Princeton where they also got the enemy unawares. Results of The Battle of Trenton The outstanding result of the battle at Trenton, New Jersey is the triumph of George Washington and his men over Hessian troops and Britain. The German Hessian soldiers suffered the greatest consequences of the war, losing men including their commander, with several others taken prisoners. An estimated 20 men from the Hessian camp were killed, more than 100 wounded. About 4 American soldiers were wounded while two were reported to have died as a result of the freezing cold. Importance of the Battle of Trenton The victory of George Washington and American soldiers over British Hessian forces in the Battle of Trenton was of great importance to America’s quest for independence. It played in major role in boosting the morale of Americans into believing that with teamwork and determination, they could gain independence from Great Britain. Also present at the war were two future presidents and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, James Monroe and James Madison, and John Marshall respectively. The above sample paper on the Battle of Trenton is an example of the high quality academic papers that you can read from our blog. In case you may need help on how to write research papers, essays, reports or any other assignments, simply talk to us. You can also check out our homepage for more.	https://www.premiumessays.net/sample-essay-on-the-battle-of-trenton/
Q: Calculate a group index across multiple columns of a data frame in R What is the most efficient way to calculate a group index (group identifier) across multiple columns in a data frame or data.table in R? For example, in the data frame below, there are six unique combinations of columns A and B. DF <- data.frame(a = rep(1:2,6), b = sort(letters[1:3])) > DF a b 1 1 a 2 2 b 3 1 c 4 2 a 5 1 b 6 2 c 7 1 a 8 2 b 9 1 c 10 2 a 11 1 b 12 2 c I'd like to add column 'index' with a group identifier, like the one produced by this (obviously inefficient method for large data frames): DF$index <- with(DF, as.numeric(factor(paste0(a, b)))) > DF a b index 1 1 a 1 2 2 b 5 3 1 c 3 4 2 a 4 5 1 b 2 6 2 c 6 7 1 a 1 8 2 b 5 9 1 c 3 10 2 a 4 11 1 b 2 12 2 c 6 What's the fastest way to do this with very large data frames? A: How about this using data.table, library(data.table) setDT(df)[,group :=.GRP,by = .(a,b)] Output: > df a b group 1: 1 a 1 2: 2 b 2 3: 1 c 3 4: 2 a 4 5: 1 b 5 6: 2 c 6 7: 1 a 1 8: 2 b 2 9: 1 c 3 10: 2 a 4 11: 1 b 5 12: 2 c 6
The purpose of the expository essay is to explain a topic in a logical and straightforward manner. Without bells and whistles, expository essays present a fair and balanced analysis of a subject based on facts—with no references to the writer’s opinions or emotions.. Expository essay - presentation Purpose: To Inform. Why is this important to me?. You will be taking an End of Course Exam with (1) expository essays.. You must pass the STAAR exam to graduate. It is one of your graduation requirements.. Narrative vs. Expository - presentation SHOWDOWN!!!. Created by Ms. . Lelis. Warm up!. In your. . learning partners. , . brainstorm together and write down a T-chart of Narrative and Expository text features. NO NOTES!. . You will have 3 minutes. Then we will relay race. The expository Essay - presentation The expository Essay What do you think? Why do you think it? 1 Why does writing matter? You are judged based on your ability to communicate clearly. Right now: The words you say - friends, family, strangers, teachers The expository writing task - presentation What do you think?. 1. Expository Essay – 55 minutes. Read the information in the box below.. In 1955 medical researcher Jonas Salk introduced an effective polio vaccine. At the time polio was considered the biggest threat to public health, yet Salk refused to profit by patenting the vaccine because he was more concerned with preventing disease than with personal gain. . Expository Writing The How and Why - presentation of Writing. What is Expository Writing?. Expository writing is defined as presenting reasons, explanations, or steps in a process. Informational writing. An expository essay should follow a logical sequence and have three different main points. Expository Texts aka Informational Texts - presentation What is an Expository Text?. Expository text is . used t. o . inform. the reader, to . offer new information. , or to . persuade. the reader. . Expository text is . organized. in ways to . arrange and connect ideas . Expository writing Workshop - presentation Expository writing Workshop Expository Definition : “serving to expound, set forth, or explain” Expository Writing : writing with a purpose to explain a topic or idea If this is the definition of expository, what do you think the definition of Expository Writing 4 th Grade- Mrs. Green - presentation How to complete an expository writing!. Expository Writing. PROMPT: . . When the Spanish explorers entered Alabama, they didn’t actually make friends with the Indians. Think back on what you have learned about the discovery of Alabama. How do you think the Spanish explorers treated the Indians? Give reasons to explain your answer.. Expository Writing 4 th Grade- Mrs. Green - presentation How to complete an expository writing!. Expository Writing. PROMPT: . . In science, we are learning about different types of plants and how important they are to the world around us. If you could magically be turned into any plant, what plant would you be. Remember, you can choose any kind of plant, tree, flower, fruit, or vegetable. Give reasons to explain your answer. At least one of your reasons must be based on scientific fact.. Expository Writing vs Personal Narrative Writing - presentation Quick look at each:. Personal Narrative:. Retell about a life event. Hook reader . Connect to prompt in lead and conclusion. Must remember life event well enough that writer can give details. Event should be important, meaningful, memorable . Characteristics of an Expository Essay - pdf EXPOSITORY ESSAY The purpose is to inform, describe, or explain Describes important facts Writer is a teacher Presents exhaustive information on a topic W webinar 9 - presentation t. hinking ahead. s. ummer school. How will we . prioritize standards . for summer school?. BIG Question. Failed Backward. Level I. Did NOT Make Progress. Failed Forward. Level I. Met/. Exceded. Progress. A word from the state… - presentation Expository Writing. Ninth grade EOC writing test: . . expository essay + field test expository essay. Write expository (analytical) texts to . communicate ideas and information . to specific audiences for specific purposes. . Empowering Writers through the Interactive Notebook - presentation By Jason Galvan & Alma Sanchez. Objectives & CPQ. Objective. Provide teachers with fun activities to helps students generate ideas as they write.. Provide various writing activities that can be used in an interactive notebook.. Journal Write What is the purpose of an Expository essay? - presentation (Think about how it is different than a persuasive essay…). Expository Essay . Elaboration Strategies. Introductions, Body Paragraphs, and Conclusions. Expository Intros. Quotations. Scenarios/Anecdotes. Expository Unit Vocabulary - presentation Please use a section of your composition book to label and define academic vocabulary; you will be expected to use this vocabulary frequently throughout your discussions and writing.. Expository. Expository text exposes you to facts: plain and simple.. Expository Essays Elements and Analyzing Prompts - presentation What is an Expository Essay?. An essay that explains . Could be a concept, big world issue, emotions. Your writing should reflect your own thinking about life and the world around you . Can use first or third person POV. EXPOSITORY ESSAY - presentation Brainstorming and Drafting. Expository Essay Prompt. READ the following quotation.. If you run into . a wall, don’t turn around and . give up. Figure . out how to climb it, go through it, or . work around . STAAR Formatted Expository essays - presentation Warm Up: Monday, Oct. 26. Complete questions 1-5 on the front side of your homework for this week. The homework requires you to . add a dependent clause. to the already existing independent clause. Remember, dependent clauses start with a subordinating conjunction.. Expository Writing - presentation Expository writing gives information.. It can:. Explain a subject. Give directions. Show how something happens/works. Topic sentences are vital in expository writing as they are often the only way for the reader to know the main topic. Expository Writing Hooks, Transitions, - presentation Conclusions. What is Expository Writing? . Provides an . explanation . of . a specific topic. . G. ives . facts, reasons, explanations, or examples with supporting details about the topic. . Should . Writing an Expository Essay - presentation An expository essay is. a writing that conveys . information or . explains and proves something . Introduction to Expository Writing. In . order to classify as expository, an essay needs:. . a . thesis. STAAR Expository Essay Review - presentation Writing the Expository Essay. Exp. ository = . Exp. lain . Expository . writing explains . what you think (and why you think that way) . in a clear and complete way. . You are not telling a story or trying to persuade your reader..	https://www.docslides.com/search/expository
Mount Saint Mary College has created new ways for the local community, particularly those in the City of Newburgh, to connect with the college. City of Newburgh officials and leadership from the college recently met to further strategize on how to increase outreach efforts to the community, while at the same time address ongoing concerns of those living in close proximity to the campus. The collaborative approach to improving communication comes on the heels of on-going community meetings the City has held for those living in the area surrounding the campus. With the COVID-19 pandemic still a major concern, communication is more important now than it has ever been. With this in mind, the college’s recently redesigned website now features a “Community” tab that offers information on virtual events open to the public, online resources for parents and teachers taking on remote learning, and other ways to connect with the college. Once the pandemic is over, the page will also be updated frequently with on-campus events open to the public such as lectures and concerts. One of the newest additions is a community feedback form, which allows members of the community to provide feedback to the college on improvements and ways to collaborate. The new Community section of the Mount’s website can be found at msmc.edu/Community To access the feedback form directly, please visit msmc.edu/CommunityFeedback Currently, the college is only hosting small groups for on-site admissions visits and limiting campus visitors in general to maintain social distancing procedures. Despite these limitations, however, Mount students, faculty, and staff remain an active part of the community: in area schools, assisting with remote and in person learning as student teachers; in local hospitals, gaining valuable hands-on clinical experience; and even hosting guest speakers and other events virtually.	https://www.msmc.edu/newsroom/news/city-of-newburgh-and-mount-saint-mary-college-create-opportunity-for-increased-collaboration-with-the-community/
Senior Kailey Clifford- Spreading cultural diversity to Houston’s Youth If you have visited Asia Society’s Texas center especially during one of their events such as the Night Market you will know how culturally diverse it is, a CVHS student part of Asia Society’s teen council works to spread their message to the rest of the Houston area. Since the age of nine, CVHS senior Kailey Clifford has been part of Asia Society, learning and expanding her knowledge of various Asian cultures throughout the world. “Asia Society is a nonprofit organization that works to promote cultural exchanges between the Houston community, and Asia, promoting cultural awareness,” Clifford says. Asia Society has 13 locations around the world and Houston’s Texas center is currently in the process of recruiting new students to join Asia society. Kailey is working with other members of the teen council to create a new group called Leo NextGen, “ a platform to reach out to the young adult community of Houston and work to create a sense of community, and openness to expose different types of cultural exchanges” Leo NextGen would allow for anyone to join who would like to learn about different backgrounds or who would like to open up their mindset. It is a way to allow the younger generations to learn and to become more diverse. Coming from parents who both had to flee their countries, her mother left Cambodia just as the bombs started dropping and her father escaped the Vietnam war via boat. Kailey has learned a lot from her parents’ experience, on how fortunate she is to be here and on what it means to be Asian through both their experiences and Asia society. “Both of my parents came to America with little to nothing and had to make their way here, carving a path for themselves, including earning a stable income for their families when they were young, getting an education and working themselves up to where they are today.” Kailey not only understands how far her parents have come but she also knows how different her life would be if she had been born elsewhere. “Yes, they’ve taught me a lot about my culture, and my background and how I should come from a place of gratitude and know how lucky and fortunate I am to be here. Because when I visit the streets of Cambodia and see all the skinny poor children. My mom always reminds me of how that could have been me. And just to remind me of how lucky I am and where I come from.” Kailey tells us how to her being Asian means to come from a line of hardworking people, who come from a place with a huge variety of culture and diversity. She sees this every time she participates in Asia Society seeing people from all over the world come together and share their experiences. “I know. Being Asian means a lot of different things to individual people, but to me it means being able to diversify my way of thought by visiting relatives in Asia, it means having a big family that I can meet together with. It means partaking in Asian traditions that are always really fun. And ultimately, I don’t think we should put labels on people as to what their race defines them as.” Asia Society has helped Kailey interact with people from all over the world and learn from them, and this is something she wishes to share with everyone else. She encourages everyone to attend the many festivals that Asia Society hosts every year where people from all over the world come and share their culture with everyone. I personally attended the Night market last year and loved seeing so many different cultures and traditions being displayed and appreciated. Having her mother, Bonna Kol, be president of Asia society and being in the teen council with her sister, Kailey wishes to continue working there and wants to spread Asia Society’s message to the rest of her community.	https://cvhsnews.org/3578/features/spreading-cultural-diversity-to-houstons-youth/
How to find the truth in a world littered with fake news? While casually browsing Facebook this Sunday afternoon, I came upon yet another post by one of my contacts who was sharing a link to an article from a reputable publication. Normally I would just continue scrolling but his comment caught my eye... he quoted the article which was about mass COVID testing in Wuhan, China after their first lock-down and he commented that after 10 million tests of the population of Wuhan, which is the assumed starting point of the COVID-19 pandemic, only 300 people were found to have the virus and all were asymptomatic. Researchers found that none had spread the virus to their close contacts. Having quoted this statistic, he then commented that 'that' was: "clear evidence that people with no symptoms are not contagious. Media will not talk about this. The research will be ignored when making a new set of restrictions or prolonging lock-downs." My first reaction was surprise that someone who I respected for his business acumen would have such views about handling the pandemic. But my second reaction was skepticism about the findings of the research quoted in the article in Nature to which he linked which was backed up by another link to the British University that participated in the research. So I took a look at both links and found that the Facebook post from my contact was not misquoting, but selectively quoting the research. The research itself came to the following conclusion: "The research team warn that their findings do not show that the virus can’t be passed on by asymptomatic carriers. Rather, strict non-pharmaceutical interventions such as mask-wearing, hand washing, social distancing and lockdown have helped reduce the virulence of Covid-19." So the research was making a conclusion which was the exact opposite of what my Facebook contact was proposing. Was it politically motivated malice or simply academic incompetence? The fact that someone I would have expected to have had enough critical thinking capacity to verify data before quoting it and drawing conclusions from it highlighted clearly the information malaise from which a disturbingly significant proportion of the population is suffering: biased interpretation of facts and malicious spreading of fake news. Normally I would just pass such conspiracy theories or misquotations as the stuff of those who don't pay attention to detail, but in this case we are dealing with a topic that can have fatal or life changing consequences for those who act on this misinformation. For that reason I threw down the gauntlet and set aside my Sunday Evening to write this blog post. There are two issues that need to be addressed: 1) Is it acceptable to allow the leveraging of the protection of free speech to become a double edged sword where its protection becomes a shield to allow the dissemination of fake news and false information? I must concede that I have neither the expertise nor time to explore this first issue in detail but I think it may become an existential topic of discussion in the months and years to come... but I do believe, exercising my right to free speech, that while free speech is a right, like all human rights, it also comes with responsibilities. It seems that in the rush to protect free speech the focus on the associated responsibilities has been lost... the responsibility to tell the truth as best you know it, the responsibility to verify before sharing information, the responsibilities associated with being a good digital citizen. This issue of unfettered free speech needs to be addressed at every level because I see it as a cancer in society - cancer becomes a problem when cells in the body mutate and grow wildly because the immune system is no longer able to keep up with the corrupted cells and eliminate them. Social media has acted like a massive source of radiation whereby our 'information organism' is constantly irradiated by false facts and fake news and an effective immune response has been slow to react to the spread of the information tumour. Unless an effective treatment is found to eliminate these cancerous information cells I fear society may suffer a dismal outcome. Now to address the second issue. 2) What can the average user do to find out what the 'truth' really is? Thankfully, for those who are willing to use their critical thinking skills and put a little effort in, it is possible to apply a few simple techniques to help filter out the misinformation. Firstly, I always follow the rule, if it sounds hard to believe, it must be hard to believe. Many of the false claims and conspiracy theories going around sound hard to believe... do you really believe Bill Gates wants to implant a chip that will control you? For one thing, such technology doesn't even exist! Do you think any responsible government would allow a vaccine into global distribution if it wasn't safe given the 'quick to litigate for any reason' society we live in? In general, we live in a world which isn't replete with conspiracies and where people in general try to make the best of their lives and I find it hard to believe there is a cabal of hidden shadowy people pulling the strings from afar. There are governments of varying degrees of competence and that's it. So how do we get to some sense of truth from our media? In Ireland, there is a very useful website called Be Media Smart which offers advice on how to identify misinformation. While the website is Irish, its advice is universal. BeMediaSmart from Media Literacy Ireland on Vimeo. It has some great advice. In a nutshell, STOP, THINK and CHECK. Rather than reinvent the wheel, here are the main elements of advice from that website, you can get deeper into the subject by visiting the Be Media Smart website or the other resources at the end of this article. STOP: Read more than the headline. Headlines are designed to catch your eye but a headline can’t give the full story and neither can a short social media post. If it sounds unbelievable, it probably is. Don’t assume that a picture or photo is giving you the whole story. Sometimes pictures lie. If a picture has been altered or ‘photoshopped’, or simply used out of context, then it can be easy to draw the wrong conclusions. You can search for the photo or image to verify where it came from. Tools like Google Reverse Image Search can help to fact-check images. Just because information goes viral or is trending, doesn’t mean it’s accurate. Disinformation can be designed to provoke a strong emotional reaction and prompt instant sharing or ‘liking’ in a moment of outrage, excitement, disbelief and so on. Social media and messaging applications make it really easy to share information quickly to wide groups of people. THINK Think carefully about what the information is for That means asking yourself some questions. Information is created to: - tell us something (news) - entertain us (satire, cartoon strips, funny videos) - persuade us (advertising) Look at the style, tone and source of the information to help you to judge how reliable or accurate it is. Consider your own biases Ask yourself whether the information challenges you or does it match your own views. We are more likely to believe information that supports our own views – even if it seems a bit dubious. Formulas like algorithms can track what you read, see and hear online and generate recommendations for you based on your previous choices. So the information that you get can be highly personalised and not necessarily reflect broader views or opinions. See if the information is being reported anywhere else If you can’t find the same information elsewhere, it could be because it is inaccurate, unreliable or out of date. This is especially true if the information appears to very topical or newsworthy. CHECK Look closely at the web address Sometimes disinformation is found on websites with a web address (URL) that looks very similar to a well-known news or media site. There might only be a small change in the spelling of the URL. If in doubt, go to the real site and compare the URLs. If the information comes from a website that you are not familiar with, look for an "About" section to learn more about who is behind the website and why they might have this information. Find out who the author, producer or publisher is Knowing who created the information will help you judge what their motivation is. Are they trying to sell something, a product, an idea or something else? If so, why? Is the author or publisher a supporter of a particular political idea or figure? Is the author an online "influencer" like some Youtubers? Are they likely to be paid to say this? Look at the detail to check for accuracy Do any dates mentioned make sense? Are there references to unnamed experts? Are the links to the author’s sources clearly visible? Information that comes from reliable and trustworthy sources is usually well written. So, watch out for typos and strange sounding sentences. Ask the experts Get a second opinion. There are many free fact-checking services available. Irish fact-checking sources include theJournal.ie and Factcheckni.org For a list of other fact-checking sites across the world go to the fact-checking database created by Duke University’s Reporter’s Lab. From my own perspective Apart from the good practical advice above, I would add that when you see articles shared on Facebook, Twitter or others, take a look at the link and see if you recognise it from news or information sources you know. Many fake news or biased websites are created with a specific agenda, just like in the print press and TV and radio. The difference with online media is that there are not the safeguards of libel and other laws preventing publication of anything one wants on the Internet. Websites like Breitbart, Fox News on the right and more left leaning ones like the Huffington Post or Mother Jones tend to focus on their specific agendas, while some centrist news sources would be the Wall Street Journal, BBC News, USA today and RTE news. Some websites are clearly just set up by certain governments for the spreading of propaganda or nationally biased news like Russia Today and China Global Television Network. Then there are spam websites which are set up only to spread specific types of purely fake news or misinformation. Such sites will have names such as The Irish Sentinel, LifeSiteNews or Bitchute and will typically disallow comments to prevent any chance of their information being shown to be incorrect or fabricated. Fake news sites will normally use emotive language and hyperbole to push their ideas and articles on their readers. One fake article will usually have links to more and more outrageous articles which will usually give the game away... no normal news source will only have shocking news in it, life in general is pretty mundane and proper news outlets will reflect that. You can find a list of websites that have been identified as having 'intentionally, but not necessarily solely, published hoaxes and disinformation for purposes other than news satire'. In this respect, they should not be confused with satirical sites which of course provide everyone with a needed laugh and, as the Russians say, "behind every joke there is a grain of truth!" Stay safe and I hope this article serves its purpose of shining a light into a dark and murky virtual world with real world ramifications. Other Fact Checking resources for those around the world:	https://www.ebsi.ie/blogs/expert-commentaries/how-to-find-the-truth-in-a-world-littered-with-fake-news
The Value and Central Position of Self compassion and Healing the Feminist and Gynocentric Abuse! עודכן: 8 בדצמ׳ 2021 In contrast to weakness, compassion is the connection to a place of openness and vulnerability. It is not just a connection from a place of softness and not stiffness similar to the concept of martial arts such as judo and aikido, but mainly resulting from the understanding that men deserve love and compassion like everyone else in the universe and especially directed and offered by and to ourselves. The extreme lack of compassion for men and boys is the result of what is referred to as the compassion gap. This Western Misandrist conditioning is so strong that it surpasses everything and requires tremendous effort to work it out. Bottom line is that taking the red pill and the awakening associated with it is not the end of our journey; it's barely even getting started with it! Compassion and wisdom is the beginning and the end of it; it's the secret door to our freedom! What is self-compassion? In terms of modern psychology, self-compassion is a quite new model or theory derived from ancient spiritual traditions based on the practice of mind such as Buddhism, Buddhist psychology and Buddhist mind training. In a wider sense it is a part of the mindfulness based cognitive behavioral therapy (MBCT) like mindfulness based Schema Therapy (MBST) or mindfulness stress reduction (MBSR). Neff (2003), a developmental psychologist and practitioner of Buddhist meditation and mind training, first defined this concept and developed the self-compassion scale used in most studies in the field of psychological research! Self-compassion has three main components: (1) loving kindness (2) a sense of common humanity, (3) awareness. Loving kindness is understood here in the sense that we accept ourselves as we are and involves a tolerant, open-minded and lenient approach towards ourselves and especially when things go wrong in our lives! The common and mutually shared humanity recognizes the common and shared nature of suffering when difficult situations arise in life instead of feeling the separate loneliness and despair. Awareness here refers to the ability to open up to a painful experience ("It hurts!") with uncritical, indiscriminating and a nonjudgmental awareness of ourselves and others! Altogether, self-compassion is the exact opposite of our typical response to an internally perceived threat - usually self-criticism, isolation, and self-centered attitude. The big advantage for men is that these old disciplines partially derived from Samurai practices do not incorporate a feminized mindset as well as offering a path for men to concentrate on themselves while choosing to go their own path without having to open to an enemy that will abuse the openness. So, fortunately, and as we've seen, we have as human beings a deep capacity that enables an adaptive and calming response to our suffering, self-healing and compassion. Therefore, compassion can be defined as openness to suffering with the desire to alleviate it and hence compassion as such a kind of self-directed approach. This may seem impossible or too high of a threshold for an individual that has been abused or neglected in childhood or even have been later experiencing trauma yet this is exactly what is required and is associated with a high level of happiness, well-being and mental health including strong emotional resilience in the light of dire situations and negative events in the present and future. In addition, although psychosocial therapists regardless of their therapeutic model – cognitive, behavioral, psychodynamic, humanistic, familial, etc. - can help their clients to cultivate self compassion, yet the problem for us is that most of these therapists have a strong feminist inclination and indoctrination. Thus they are unable to help men in cultivating such kind of loving awareness and compassion and as is in all of those ancient tradition it is better suited for us men, either MGTOW's or Red Pill, to follow in our own footsteps in cultivating it. This essay examines the current understanding of self compassionate healing and liberation and offers practical suggestions to help men affected on the whole feminist Gynocentric spectrum, including men who have been affected by violence as well as DV by women so that they can treat themselves with greater understanding, containment, acceptance, compassion, and self-respect. The value of self-compassion and why it is Important for men rejecting feminist brainwashing! The value of a compassionate and nonjudgmental attitude has been described in at least two different perspectives in the context of psychotherapy and interpersonal and intimate relationships and has been incorporated into psychological interventions from psychoanalysis (eg Epstein, 2008, Bobrow, 2010) to cognitive- behavioral therapy (Hays, Follette, Linehan, 2004, Staff, Williams, & Teasdale, 2002). In addition, compassion can also be defined as nonjudgmental and indiscriminating awareness as well as a kind and gentle approach to the distress and suffering of others (and of ourselves) based or stemming of a strong desire to alleviate suffering and increase the individual's well-being, happiness and mental health. Although compassion, empathy, and loving kindness involve understanding and appreciation of the experience and its difficulties, compassion also comprises a positive emotional state, involving unconditional caring, kindness, acceptance, and warmth directed toward others and ourselves, regardless of the person's true or presumed qualities. When we embrace and implement these approaches into Western psychotherapy, compassion is always anchored in attention or mindfulness: it is the ability to maintain momentarily focused awareness of the inner openness and vulnerability of the person and his immediate environment, without judgment and full containment of our experience. This attentive awareness helps us to better understand the subjective nature of our thoughts, emotions, memories and reactions to them. This does not mean inaction, passivity or simply doing nothing, but rather an act of acceptance based on the insight that it is not possible to completely prevent harm or suffering in our lives and that the correction or happiness achieved through it or in any other way represents a sort or a type of happiness that is not free from suffering but is all inclusive. In other words and as we shall see in the discussion below, it is the insight that our happiness must contain the trauma whose consequences partly will remain forever and not try to exclude it from our lives. Instead of fighting it we learn from it and improve our lives. Not the trauma, but it is us who sit in the driver's seat and navigate our lives. Self compassion as an antidote to lack of compassion - overcoming the compassion gap One of the most critical elements of this research field, which I mentioned above, shows that people without self-compassion usually come from a nuclear family in which mothers were very critical. First, this is perhaps the first and most important empirical evidence of the very fact that our human society is Gynocentric and heavily women-centered, especially in terms of the empathy and compassion gap for boys and men. It is also possible to conclude that men seemingly cannot open up, express their feelings or seem to have a tendency to pull away as feminists claim, not because these traits are derived from their masculinity or the norms of a patriarchal society but rather it is distinctive derivative of a feminine concept, matriarchal norms and Gynocentric codes- whether through social or familial engineering, female indoctrination through education and even female unconscious conditioning thorough male and female role models. Moreover, people who come from dysfunctional families and exhibit non-adaptive attachment patterns (Neff & McGeehee, 2010, Wei, Liao, Ku, & Shaffer, 2011) are also related to those who lack self-compassion. Hence, most childhood abuse is related to mothers (about 70 percent of children are abusive by their mothers), while boys are the main target or recipients of this form of abuse, these men face devastating consequences in the sense of the compassion gap as grown up adults whether it is based solely on this fact and even more strongly as a result of the compassion gap in the context of emotional distress, lower self-esteem, alcohol and drug abuse as well as crime and suicide (Tanaka, Karla, Faglia-Wak and MAP's 2011 research team, Vettese, Dyer, Li & Wekerle, 2011 are the discussing those effect in the context of the lack of self compassion). This is one of the reasons and perhaps the main one why suicide rates among men skyrocket from the seventies and eighties upon the official adaptation of Misandrist policies and mindset in the legal system of the modern and industrialized Western countries. The study also suggests that self-compassion heals the negative circumstances between childhood abuse and later emotional distress. In other words, abused men in childhood with higher levels of self-compassion are better able to cope with current traumas and disturbing events (Vettese et al., 2011). This context is true and valid even when we weigh the history of abuse, the current level of distress or drug use, suggesting that self-compassion is an important factor of resistance and coping mechanism or skill with those who have suffered trauma as boys and men. In addition, early trauma, such as childhood neglect or abuse by the mother, as well as the internalization of male hatred at the level of misandry in popular discourse and culture, may lead to self-criticism and shame because based on the compassion gap these men did not receive enough warmth in their childhood (Gilbert and Proctor, 2006). Gilbert (2009b, 2010) notes that childhood abuse survivors can easily identify their own patterns of thinking ("I'm unbearable") and provide alternative statements ("Some people love me"), but they do not necessarily find a soothing cognitive and emotional response. And so, because girls and women receive much more compassion both from men and women, while men and boys receive almost nothing based on the infamous compassion gap, the problematic is that the problem itself has now doubled, tripled or quadrupled by such a reality. In fact, most social illnesses, such as crime, higher prison rates for men, higher crime rates among men, drug addiction and higher rates of suicides among men can all be traced back to one single cause namely to this Gynocentric gap of compassion for boys and men In a pilot study in the field of psychological and mental training (CMT, a structured program based on compassionate care, Gilbert & Irons, 2005), clients who came to day care at the hospital and faced shame and self-criticism showed a significant decline in depression, self-criticism and aggression (Gilbert & Procter, 2006). From all of this it is quite obvious that self-compassion seems to be a mechanism of action that can be adapted to different forms of therapy (Baer, 2010). For example, as a result of short-term psychodynamic therapy, anxiety, shame and guilt decreased and increased willingness to be present and experience sadness, anger. All these were associated with high levels of self-compassion (Shanesh, Styles, McCallow, Severberg, Nielsen, 2011). In the same study, increased self-compassion was also an indicator of a significant reduction in psychiatric symptoms and interpersonal problems. In other words, since self-compassion is based on a connection with difficult feelings without self-judgment, it seems to lead to healthier psychological functioning. Although compassion has positive effects on everyone, all the data and evidence attests to the fact that its impact on trauma victims is particularly high. Trauma, especially those exposed to intimate violence, often leads to alienation from others and from yourself, to expectations of further abuse of the trauma victim and to other ongoing injuries to normal relationships and intimacy between people. Because such compassionate awareness encourages the rejuvenation and rearrangement of these relationships (especially with oneself and the personal aspect), it may be very helpful, although sometimes it is difficult for the victim to accept it (Gilbert, 2009a). As noted above, trauma victims experienced one or more events that changed their experience of the self, life, the world, others, and indeed all of the reality altogether. Such events usually produce anxiety, terror and helplessness at a level that most people will never experience (American Psychiatric Association, 2004). These are not only characteristics of the classic abuse as expressed in men who are victims of violence by women but on the basis of lack of compassion they are much more potent than the traumatic injury in women. The nightmare associated with such traumatic experiences can dramatically change the experience of the trauma victim in the context of perception of reality and push him into a state of consciousness characterized by extreme fear, pain, uncontrollable memories and extreme changes in expectations for people and the future. The distress and pain associated with such extreme trauma may be fixed over time, but they are usually re-experienced as intrusive triggers in the victim when the survivor is reminded of trauma by various phenomena in his immediate environment or sometimes as part of his mental and cognitive processes. In this way, difficult memories and triggers mean, as Faulkner (1951/1975) points out in another context that for the abused victim "the past never dies, it has not even passed" (p. 80). Many survivors of interpersonal traumas have been humiliated, rejected, or ashamed in the context of their injury and as a result they have begun to believe that they really do not deserve a fair treatment such as the offender or worse they deserving the abuse (Briere, 1992; McCann & Pearlman, 1990). In men, it is a classic of internalized misandry and is typical of many abused men, victims of intimate partner violence and even those with the cultural internalized misandry. The reactions related to the trauma of the victim (for example post-traumatic stress disorder, depression or problems with personal and intimate relationships) as well as their coping strategies (for example drug abuse or dissociation) were also usually stigmatized or otherwise based on prejudices anchored in the dominant female Gynocentric society whereas the result is that these men begin to internalize this self-hatred, namely that they are basically ill natured, bad and in fact even inherently and in a pathological way actually evil by their very nature! Fortunately, getting and receiving support with the trauma, the victim can significantly improve the healing of these difficulties. Self-compassion enables and gives the victim an opportunity to deal more effectively with different experiences of trauma, which gradually reduce the negative conclusions about him-self that in themselves are related to this type of injury. Shame, self-esteem, and self-hatred in this context are the result of misandry as well as the continuous and daily incitement against men and therefore involve their internalization into the personality of the man who now sees himself in the light of such negative emotions. Moreover, since these traits serve as feminist assumptions about the inherent evil and wickedness of men, which requires extreme measures to be taken against them even in the form of exclusion, self-compassion is not only a tool to reduce the destructive influence of misandry for men but also a powerful tool through which the male re-learns to see himself in a positive light and not through the eyes of feminism, Gynocentrism and misandry, and thus he is able to shake off false and anti-masculine assumptions about himself. When the history and the post-traumatic reactions of the victims are expressed, recognized and normalcy has been established, the man's judgment of himself as a dangerous and evil man who must fight himself, his essence and his natural masculine qualities that have to be eliminated or kept secret in a certain way are eliminated and replaced by positive awareness and image of himself.	https://www.yoavlevin.com/post/the-value-and-central-position-of-self-compassion-and-healing-the-feminist-and-gynocentric-abuse
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a control device which allows a robust moving operation resistant to noise such as a dynamic change of environment while reducing the calculation load and ensuring smooth movement. SOLUTION: The movement control device 13 having an obstacle avoiding function includes: a mobile body 1; detection means 14-17 provided on the mobile body 1 for detecting advancing direction of a mobile body; measuring means 9-12 provided on the mobile body 1 for measuring the position of an obstacle and an actual measurement distance to the obstacle, and outputting an azimuth angle of the obstacle to the mobile body advancing direction detected by the detection means 14-17; a pseudo distance generation means which changes the actual measurement distance according to the magnitude of the azimuth angle of the obstacle output by the measuring means 9-12 to generate a pseudo distance; and a control means which controls, based on the pseudo distance generated by the pseudo distance generation means, the motion of the mobile body 1 so that the mobile body 1 avoids the obstacle. COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
The behavioral pathway model to overweight and obesity: coping strategies, eating behaviors and body mass index. Obese and overweight people deal with more daily problems and stressful situations than normal-weight individuals, for example, discrimination and bias. The aims of the present study were twofold: to identify differences between overweight and normal-weight people in coping strategies and eating behaviors, and to examine the relationship between coping strategies, eating behaviors and BMI. Sample of the present study consisted of 473 participants, 76.7% women (mean age = 32.7; SD = 11.4). Participants completed an ad hoc sociodemographic data questionnaire, the Coping Strategies Inventory, and the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Welch's t test and X2 comparison analysis were used to identify differences in coping strategies and eating behaviors, according two BMI groups, normal weight and overweight. To analyze the relationship between coping strategies, eating behaviors and BMI, a structural equation modeling was conducted. Overweight participants score significantly higher in passive coping strategies such as self-criticism, wishful thinking and social withdrawal, and unhealthy eating behaviors such as emotional eating and restrained eating. Structural equation modeling included these variables, coping strategies are more likely to conduct to unhealthy eating behaviors and these are more likely to promote and maintain a high BMI. The model showed an adequate data fit. This research proposes a relationship between the variables analyzed. It has been proved that passive coping strategies predict a high BMI via unhealthy eating behaviors, especially emotional eating. These results are promising to improve the current prevention obesity programs and weight control treatments. Level III, case-control analytic study.
Al Williams Dr. Dobb's Bloggers The Profiler July 07, 2014 If you can bring your human intelligence to bear on that small percentage, sometimes it can have big payoffs. I've often thought doctors — and maybe most professions — do better at differentiation than engineers do. Almost no one would go to a podiatrist for a head cold. But it seems all too often engineers get lumped together, at least by broad strokes. I'm an electrical engineer, but you don't want me telling you how to wire up a generator or a commercial air conditioner. I'm not that kind of electrical engineer. However, as someone who develops a lot of embedded systems, I find that people often ask me about things that aren't directly related to embedded but maybe are related tangentially. In particular, I get a lot of questions related to performance. I think that many programmers today don't get a chance to work at the "bare metal" level, and if you really want to squeeze out performance, there's no substitute for understanding and exploiting the actual hardware available to you. Of course, if you work with the tiny processors I often use, you almost have no choice. But even embedded systems now often work with C or C++ and insulate you from the direct control of the hardware. Don't get me wrong. Most of the time, a compiler will generate code that is good enough. In fact, I would guess that a compiler overall generates better code than a human on significant programs. Even if your skill level is very high, the compiler tirelessly applies its best code generation. So even the places where you might beat it will get swamped out by the places where you didn't do your best. However, it is well known that usually only a small percentage of your program accounts for the lion's share of the program's execution time. If you can bring your human intelligence to bear on that small percentage, sometimes it can have big payoffs. This is especially true because the biggest payoffs of all are things that compilers can't do. Consider, for example, building a table that relates strings to an integer key. You can write a linear search and optimize it by hand (or let the compiler do it). It will never be as fast as even a poorly written hash table search. Picking the right algorithm is almost always the best optimization, and one that compilers are not very good at, at least in general. Humans, on the other hand, can apply heuristics (even if they don’t know exactly what the heuristics are) very easily and often pick a good alternative among many. There are at least three things that are crucial to this kind of optimization: Understand the execution profile of your software. Understand what the compiler is doing. Know the processor and system architecture. I put these in rough order. If you really know what part of your program is consuming the most time (or whatever resource you want to optimize for), you might be able to fix it without worrying much about number 2 and number 3. Changing a slow bubble sort for a fast quick sort might make things better with just the change of a function call. However, more often you need to understand the compiler's code and your options for the specific system. But first things first. To satisfy number 1, you need a profiler or you'll have to instrument your code. Instrumenting your code is the process of adding statements to tell you about the profile resource (usually execution time). This could be as simple as putting time stamps in a log to show when key subroutines start and finish. On small systems, you might toggle a digital output to read a time on an oscilloscope. However, if your system supports a profiler, that will be easier. If you are running gcc under Linux, you can use the -pg option to have gcc add profiling instrumentation to your code automatically. When you compile the code with -pg, it doesn't appear to do anything different. You run your program as usual. However, the program will now silently write a file named gmon.out during execution. This file contains execution statistics you can display using gprof. The gprof output contains a lot of documentation. The listing below shows a session, compiling, running, and profiling a simple program that computes factorials using two different methods. The a_fact function uses a loop to compute a factorial while the b_fact function uses recursion. gcc -o profiler -pg profiler.c ./profiler 50 1000000 15188249005818642432 15188249005818642432 gprof profiler Flat profile: Each sample counts as 0.01 seconds. % cumulative self self total time seconds seconds calls ns/call ns/call name 66.54 0.29 0.29 1000000 292.76 292.76 b_fact 32.12 0.43 0.14 1000000 141.33 141.33 a_fact 2.29 0.44 0.01 main % the percentage of the total running time of the time program used by this function. cumulative a running sum of the number of seconds accounted seconds for by this function and those listed above it. self the number of seconds accounted for by this seconds function alone. This is the major sort for this listing. calls the number of times this function was invoked, if this function is profiled, else blank. self the average number of milliseconds spent in this ms/call function per call, if this function is profiled, else blank. total the average number of milliseconds spent in this ms/call function and its descendents per call, if this function is profiled, else blank. name the name of the function. This is the minor sort for this listing. The index shows the location of the function in the gprof listing. If the index is in parenthesis it shows where it would appear in the gprof listing if it were to be printed. Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, are permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright notice and this notice are preserved. Call graph (explanation follows) gpranularity: each sample hit covers 2 byte(s) for 2.25% of 0.44 seconds index % time self children called name <spontaneous> [1] 100.0 0.01 0.43 main [1] 0.29 0.00 1000000/1000000 b_fact [2] 0.14 0.00 1000000/1000000 a_fact [3] ----------------------------------------------- 49000000 b_fact [2] 0.29 0.00 1000000/1000000 main [1] [2] 65.9 0.29 0.00 1000000+49000000 b_fact [2] 49000000 b_fact [2] ----------------------------------------------- 0.14 0.00 1000000/1000000 main [1] [3] 31.8 0.14 0.00 1000000 a_fact [3] ----------------------------------------------- This table describes the call tree of the program, and was sorted by the total amount of time spent in each function and its children. Each entry in this table consists of several lines. The line with the index number at the left hand margin lists the current function. The lines above it list the functions that called this function, and the lines below it list the functions this one called. This line lists: index A unique number given to each element of the table. Index numbers are sorted numerically. The index number is printed next to every function name so it is easier to look up where the function is in the table. % time This is the percentage of the 'total' time that was spent in this function and its children. Note that due to different viewpoints, functions excluded by options, etc, these numbers will NOT add up to 100%. self This is the total amount of time spent in this function. children This is the total amount of time propagated into this function by its children. called This is the number of times the function was called. If the function called itself recursively, the number only includes non-recursive calls, and is followed by a '+' and the number of recursive calls. name The name of the current function. The index number is printed after it. If the function is a member of a cycle, the cycle number is printed between the function's name and the index number. For the function's parents, the fields have the following meanings: p self This is the amount of time that was propagated directly from the function into this parent. children This is the amount of time that was propagated from the function's children into this parent. called This is the number of times this parent called the function '/' the total number of times the function was called. Recursive calls to the function are not included in the number after the '/'. name This is the name of the parent. The parent's index number is printed after it. If the parent is a member of a cycle, the cycle number is printed between the name and the index number. If the parents of the function cannot be determined, the word '<spontaneous>' is printed in the 'name' field, and all the other fields are blank. For the function's children, the fields have the following meanings: self This is the amount of time that was propagated directly from the child into the function. children This is the amount of time that was propagated from the child's children to the function. called This is the number of times the function called this child '/' the total number of times the child was called. Recursive calls by the child are not listed in the number after the '/'. name This is the name of the child. The child's index number is printed after it. If the child is a member of a cycle, the cycle number is printed between the name and the index number. If there are any cycles (circles) in the call graph, there is an entry for the cycle-as-a-whole. This entry shows who called the cycle (as parents) and the members of the cycle (as children.) The '+' recursive calls entry shows the number of function calls that were internal to the cycle, and the calls entry for each member shows, for that member, how many times it was called from other members of the cycle. Index by function name [3] a_fact [2] b_fact [1] main This is a simple example (you can find the source file in the online listings) and the result isn't surprising. The loop version is faster than the recursive version (note, I ran the loops a million time to make the execution time more apparent). What's the effect of using the -O1 optimization when compiling? On my computer, it made the a_fact subroutine slightly slower (0.16 seconds) and the b_fact subroutine faster (0.15). I expect the 0.01 second different in a_fact is probably just a difference from run to run. But the b_fact subroutine clearly prefers the -O1 option. If you try the -O2 option, you'll get a surprise because the program's very simple to highly optimize. Of course, if your program has any interactive input or device input, that will perturb functions that have to wait for that input. You may want to profile a non-interactive version of your program or call key functions from a test bed instead of your real program. With gprof you can identify functions that are called often and those that take a lot of time to execute. Then you can focus on the areas that are best to improve. If you are on a highly embedded system, you might have to be more creative. As I mentioned earlier, you might resort to triggering outputs to read with an oscilloscope or printing time stamps, but however you do it, knowing what's happening is the first step. Sometimes you can identify a simple fix. In my example, I can simply pick the function that works best. Or I could investigate another algorithm or write more efficient C code. If that doesn’t work? I'll talk about that next time. Dr. Dobb's encourages readers to engage in spirited, healthy debate, including taking us to task. However, Dr. Dobb's moderates all comments posted to our site, and reserves the right to modify or remove any content that it determines to be derogatory, offensive, inflammatory, vulgar, irrelevant/off-topic, racist or obvious marketing or spam. Dr. Dobb's further reserves the right to disable the profile of any commenter participating in said activities. Video This month's Dr. Dobb's Journal This month, Dr. Dobb's Journal is devoted to mobile programming. We introduce you to Apple's new Swift programming language, discuss the perils of being the third-most-popular mobile platform, revisit SQLite on Android , and much more!
Little sign of compromise in German government showdown BERLIN (AP) - Germany's interior minister is expected to hold talks with Chancellor Angela Merkel's party after offering his resignation in a bitter dispute over migration policy, but there's little sign of a possible compromise. The three-week dispute pits Interior Minister Horst Seehofer and his Bavaria-only Christian Social Union against Merkel, the head of its longtime sister party, the Christian Democratic Union. Ahead of a difficult Bavarian state election in October, the CSU is determined to show it's tough on migration. Seehofer wants to turn some asylum-seekers back at Germany's border, but Merkel is adamant that Germany shouldn't take unilateral action. German Chancellor and chairwoman of the German Christian Democratic Union (CDU), Angela Merkel, talks to party members alongside a party's board meeting in Berlin, Germany, Monday, July 2, 2018. (AP Photo/Michael Sohn) Seehofer, who reportedly argues that measures to tackle migration agreed at a European Union summit last week aren't enough, said early Monday he would hold talks during the day with the CDU. German Interior Minister Horst Seehofer, 3rd left, is pictured during a board meeting of his Christian Social Union CSU in Munich, southern Germany, Sunday night, July 1, 2018. Germany's interior minister and head of the Christian Social Union party reportedly offered his resignation from both posts Sunday night rather than back down from his stance against Chancellor Angela Merkel's migration policies, as the crisis within her governing coalition came to a head. (Peter Kneffel/dpa via AP) FILE - In this April 10, 2018 file photo German Chancellor Angela Merkel, front center, and German Interior Minister Horst Seehofer, right, look at their watches after they and other members of the government posed for a group photo during two-day retreat at the government guest house Meseberg castle in Gransee north of Berlin, Germany. (AP Photo/Michael Sohn, file)
Higher education represents one of the most important segments of society, and thus those expectations that demand of it the responsibility for the organization of all those activities that lead to the better, happier and more quality life of humankind are completely justified. Highly educated young people are those who create the future, and thus their actions are not only bound to their personal responsibilities – in addition, future teachers and educators are expected to take responsibility for the future behavior of the generations of teacher they will teach. Thus, it is of exceptional importance to create study programs that will directly influence the creation of competent and responsible teachers and educators, individuals that possess a readiness for lifelong learning and a positive outlook towards themselves, others, children and the environment the life inside. However, it is also of equal importance to leave enough free room within study programs for deliberation and contemplation, i.e. studying in the truest sense of the word, in which a critical approach can be used to discuss the development of (pre) school children, their needs and interests and how to satisfy them, and how to teach them and instill in them fundamental human values with the aim of producing individuals with fulfilled, satisfied and quality levels of to achieve sustainability. This is not an easy task, and thus all institutions that are the bearers of higher education are forced to grapple with this problem in one way or another. This chapter has two main goals – the first pertains to testing the influence of the pedagogy of sustainable development on the creation of sustainable behavior among future educators and teachers. The second goal encompasses an analysis of the connections between this manner of sustainable behavior and the fundamental concepts of positive psychology, such as optimism and life satisfaction. Our expectations are that the results of both the analyses will allow for the formation of conclusions that can serve as the bedrock for creating an interdisciplinary approach to sustainable development in higher education, one that will also implement the fundamental principles of positive psychology. It is thus evident that the importance of this topic is reflected on the possibility of creating interdisciplinary connections between sustainable behavior and a pedagogical approach to education for sustainable development with the fundamental concepts from positive psychology. The results of the research completed point towards a significant possibility of the influence of the knowledge/information obtained through courses on sustainable development and their pedagogical context for the formation of more sustainable behavior in future educators and school teachers or educational workers. When viewed in this fashion, there is a justifiable basis for deliberating options for creating interdisciplinary courses as part of the education of teachers and thus creating a more innovative approach to practice in modern higher education institutions. The development of courses for the initial training of educators/teachers conceived in this interdisciplinary fashion – with the pedagogical principles of sustainability on one side and the principles of positive psychology on the other – represent the foundation for innovation and deliberation on the means of approaching teaching for sustainable development in education. In addition, they are focused on stimulating a more quality, satisfied and optimistic way of life that are based on the satisfaction of the needs of present and future generations through the encouragement of more sustainable ways of thinking, acting and living and their transmission to educational practice. Optimism: is the general expectation that good rather than bad things will occur in our lives (dispositional optimism). Life Satisfaction: is a general cognitive evaluation of the satisfaction with life. Education for Sustainable Development: is a concept whose primary goal is the promotion and implementation of the idea of sustainable development at all levels of education, in every form of education, for every individual, community, society, including its local, regional, national and global context. Teacher Students/Early Education/Preschool/Kindergarten Students: are students at the Faculty of Teacher education in Rijeka, University of Rijeka, Croatia. They are attending Integrated undergraduate and graduate study of Primary School Education and University undergraduate study of Early and Preschool Education. Pedagogy of Sustainable Development: is an interdisciplinary course at the Faculty of Teacher education in Rijeka. It encompasses the contents regarding pedagogical implications and implementations of education for sustainable development in primary school/preschool/kindergarten practices. It’s intended to teacher students and early education/preschool teachers in developing competencies for effective practice in teaching in education for sustainable development. Sustainable Behavior: is behavior that encompasses peoples' values, norms, beliefs, senses of responsibility in deliberate actions focused to providing well-being of all living beings, including present and future generations. Positive Psychology: is a science of positive subjective experience, positive individual traits, and positive institutions promises to improve quality of life and prevent the possible pathologies.	https://www.igi-global.com/chapter/interdisciplinary-approaches-to-sustainable-development-in-higher-education/103501
A strengths-based approach to making sure what we teach is central to who we teach. Rapidly changing and diverse student populations necessitate culturally responsive schooling. It can be a challenging balancing act for educators to respect diversity and teach to each student’s needs while adhering to restrictive curricula that mandate the use of standard English. Responsive Schooling for Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Students offers a balanced approach to developing students’ academic language proficiency while simultaneously honouring, acknowledging and valuing the richness of their home and community languages and cultures. Debbie Zacarian and Ivannia Soto provide a practical framework within which schools and educators can make students’ personal, cultural and social identities central to the curriculum by drawing on the experiences and interests they bring to the classroom. Filled with examples of responsive teaching and opportunities to reflect on current practice, the book is a rich resource for teachers and school leaders alike.	https://www.wwnorton.co.uk/books/9780393713527-responsive-schooling-for-culturally-and-linguistically-diverse-students
As debate - and some confusion - continues regarding the CFP Board's proposed fee increase, the organization has made a new fact sheet available to help address many of the questions and concerns that have been raised. However, it seems that a few of the pressing questions from the planning community are not entirely answered. The CFP Board's fact sheet appears in practice to be a condensed summary of the details discussed in the longer virtual CFP Certificant Connections video that was posted on the CFP Board website a few weeks ago (and admittedly, the 3 page fact sheet is a great summary of the key points of the 1-hour video regarding this issue in particular). However, the fact sheet does not seem to address a few of the ongoing questions and criticisms that have been emerging from various forums, including two particularly active threads from Financial Planning magazine's website that can be viewed here and here. As discussed previously in this blog, I am generally a supporter of the proposed fee increase, and believe there is value in promoting the CFP marks (even if we can't always directly identify the results). And while some have criticized the CFP Board's action to be somewhat "self-centered" as an organization - in that it is promoting its own marks as a path for the financial planning profession - I don't think that's necessarily a failure of the organization, either. All that being said, I do think there have been some valid questions put forth from the community regarding the proposed fee increase, that at least deserve attention from the CFP Board's board of directors when they meet later this month regarding this topic. Most of these questions do not, I think, need to be answered now by the CFP Board, but I hope that the board of directors considers them seriously in making their final decision (and in communicating the reasons to support that decision, if they do in fact choose to move forward). So without further ado, my 5 questions/concerns... 1. Is this intended to be a permanent increase if successful? The fact sheet states "The Board will be evaluating any campaign on an ongoing basis, and if it is found not to achieve the desired results, has expressed willingness to end the campaign and the associated fees." So at the least, it is implied that if the public awareness campaign is not having impact, the fee increase would end. But does that mean it's a permanent increase, as long as the campaign does have an impact? Does that mean a permanent public awareness campaign will become an ongoing endeavor from the CFP Board - with the new higher fee level to substantiate it on an ongoing basis - if this initial foray is successful? 2. If the initial fee increase is intended to be temporary, can we call it something else? As many critics have pointed out, once most organizations raise fees, they turn out to stay raised, even if the needs of the organization change. Accordingly, some has reasonably expressed concern that if this is processed as an outright fee increase, that it may be difficult for the fee to really be reduced in the future, even if the campaign doesn't reach its proposed benchmarks for success. So if the goal is really to test the waters of a public awareness campaign, can't this be put forth as some type of "special assessment", rather than a change to the base rate of ongoing renewal fees? If the campaign is successful, and the CFP Board truly wants to make an ongoing public awareness campaign an anchor of its value proposition as an organization, the board of directors could revisit a permanent fee increase at that point, when it is more clealry justified with actual results. (Although I'd point out that technically, I'm not certain it's possible to really apply a special assessment fee for a licensing organization like the CFP Board; after all, we are not talking about a membership fee where special assessments are perhaps more common.) 3. Do we have to spend THAT much? On the one hand, many have criticized the CFP Board's efforts for being too anemic; "isn't $9 million of advertising just going to be an ineffectual drop in the bucket as an attempt to change the public awareness of several hundred million Americans?" On the other hand, many have also criticized the CFP Board for the magnitude of the fee increase; "I'm all for the CFP Board trying to expand public awareness, but I'm not supporting an 80% fee increase!" But it does beg the question - given the size and footprint of the CFP Board as an organization, its membership base, and the available dollars, is the amount of resources being allocated to the campaign really the right size/amount? I realize that the CFP Board's own process did ask people what they thought was a reasonable payment to make for what the CFP Board sought to provide, but perhaps the amount of pushback on the organization suggests it is still too much at once? Or alternatively, is there a way to amortize the cost over the CFP certificant base over a longer period of time (e.g., a small increase that occurs for a longer period of time, rather than the "full" increase all at once?)? 4. Why NOW? Perhaps the most substantive question that I continue to see expressed in the CFP certificant community is "why now?" In what is still a difficult economic environment where many planners are struggling, is this really the right time to ask for a significant new financial commitment from certificants? Admittedly, the difficulty in the economic environment also means - at least in theory - that more Americans than ever are seeking financial guidance, and that it may be an especially ripe time for the CFP Board to put out its message. Nonetheless, it is clearly still a difficult time for advisors as well, and begs the question of whether this might be the right campaign, but the wrong time to ask the certificants to help finance it. 5. Do we ALL have to bear the FULL cost? Several discussion threads criticizing the proposed fee increase have variously put forth the concept that perhaps there's a way to re-distribute the cost of the public awareness campaign amongst those who can better afford it and/or who are more interested in supporting it (of course, it's also worth noting that the CFP Board is already funding a portion of the initial campaign with its own accumulated funds!). This could take the form of a smaller fee increase (e.g., only $72 per year, or half the amount) for everyone, and a "check-the-box" option for those who want to contribute an extra amount to support the CFP Board (who knows, given the CFP Board's 501(c)(3) st atus, perhaps there's even a way to make an extra contribution into a charitable deduction?). Or alternatively, perhaps the fee increase could be tiered; a lower level for "new" CFP certificants (e.g., in their first X years) or "younger" CFP certificants (e.g., under the age of Y), who may still be in the very early phases of their business and career where any extra cost is especially prohibitive, with a higher price tag on more experienced practitioners with more stable businesses who might better be able to afford it? Notably, my list of questions does not include what I would call the more "tactical" questions of the proposed fee increase. For instance, although I'd probably be interested to look if they chose to share the information, I'm not really asking for details about exactly what metrics the board of directors plans to use to evaluate the program; nor am I interested in knowing the minutiae about how the advertising campaign will be implemented. That is their responsibility to determine and implement, to be an effective board and good stewards of the organization. But the strategic issues about the magnitude of the fee increase, its timing, its distribution amongst certificants, and the purposes for the funds, are issues that I hope the board of directors seriously considers. So what do you think? Have the details of the fact sheet made you feel better or worse about the CFP Board's proposal? Are there any other important questions or issues outstanding that you still feel haven't been addressed?	https://www.kitces.com/blog/cfp-board-issues-fee-increase-fact-sheet-some-questions-remain/
Peter Budnick and Rachel Michael, 11th June, 2001 Editor’s Note: This is a revised version of Cognitive Ergonomics and Engineering Psychology which appeared in Ergonomics Today(TM)on June 11, 2001. Ergonomics is sometimes described as “fitting the system to the human,” meaning that through informed decisions; equipment, tools, environments and tasks can be selected and designed to fit unique human abilities and limitations. Typical examples in the “physical ergonomics” arena include designing a lifting job to occur at or near waist height, selecting a tool shape that reduces awkward postures, and reducing unnecessary tasks and movements to increase production or reduce errors and waste. “Cognitive ergonomics,” on the other hand, focuses on the fit between human cognitive abilities and limitations and the machine, task, environment, etc. Example cognitive ergonomics applications include designing a software interface to be “easy to use,” designing a sign so that the majority of people will understand and act in the intended manner, designing an airplane cockpit or nuclear power plant control system so that the operators will not make catastrophic errors. Cognitive ergonomics is especially important in the design of complex, high-tech, or automated systems. A poorly designed cellular phone user-interface may not cause an accident, but it may well cause great frustration on the part of the consumer and result in a marketplace driven business failure. A poor interface design on industrial automated equipment, though, may result in decreased production and quality, or even a life threatening accident. Complex automated systems create interesting design challenges, and research and post accident analysis indicate that the human role in automated systems must be closely considered. Automation can result in increased operator monitoring and vigilance requirements, complex decision-making requirements, and other issues that can increase the likelihood of errors and accidents. Another interesting effect in automation is that humans will sometimes over-trust or mistrust an automated system. The Three Mile Island nuclear power plant accident is in part an example of the effect of people over-trusting a system. During that event, the control panel indicated that an important valve had operated as instructed, and the control room operators trusted the system was reporting accurately. Actually, the valve had not operated as instructed, and it became a key point in the failure that resulted in a serious mishap. (Interestingly, some will blame the operators, when in fact, under the mental load created by the evolving accident, they performed as an ergonomist would expect. The actual cause of the accident is a control system design error that provided incorrect information to the operators). An example of mistrusting a system occurred at a medium security women’s prison in Oregon, USA, when a new surveillance system was installed. The alarm was triggered whenever it sensed motion in particular areas of the facility. During the first few weeks, the alarm was repeatedly triggered by everything from birds to leaves blowing in the wind. The guards became conditioned to the fact that it often triggered in error, and began to ignore it. Using this to her advantage, a prisoner climbed over the fences knowing that the alarm would go off, but that the guards would most likely ignore it long enough for her to escape. It worked. When this same mistrust effect occurs with something as important as a fire alarm, the results can be deadly. Physical ergonomics issues, primarily in the workplace, dominate the public view and understanding of ergonomics. Fortunately, ergonomists are busy behind the scenes working to improve all human-machine interfaces, including the cognitive aspects. Unfortunately, many companies, engineers, regulators, and other decision makers fail to recognize the human factor in design, and many unnecessary errors, accidents, product failures and other business costs are the predictable result.	https://ergoweb.com/what-is-cognitive-ergonomics/
[Study on genetic polymorphisms of CYP2F1 gene in Guangdong population of China]. To investigate the genetic polymorphism of CYP2F1 gene, a member of CYP450 gene family in the healthy population and the patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) of Guangdong province, and furthermore analyze the relationship between CYP2F1 genetic polymorphism and the risk of developing NPC. By direct gene sequencing, all of 10 exons of CYP2F1 gene were detected in 40 peripheral blood specimens of patients with primary NPC. For the genetic polymorphism with high allelic frequency, mismatch PCR-RFLP technique was developed to identify the different frequency between 368 NPC cases and 344 cancer-free controls. There were totally 35 SNPs identified in all of 10 exons and exon-intron junctions of CYP2F1 gene from 40 NPC patients, which included 10 missense mutations and 1 frame shift mutation. The most important mutation was C insertion located in 15-16 bp, which caused the frame shift. The allelic frequency of C insertion was 25%. However, there was no significant difference found between 368 NPC cases and 344 controls in allelic frequency of 15-16 bp C insertion mutation (P>0.05). A lot of genetic polymorphism of CYP2F1 gene is found in Guangdong population of China. However, no single genetic polymorphism associated with the individual susceptibility to NPC can be identified. The cooperated operations with multiple genetic polymorphisms of one or more genes may be critical factors contributing to the development and progression of NPC.
Copyright © 2008 Fred Daneshgaran et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The explosive growth of multimedia applications over the Internet and the ever-increasing users' demands over commercial terrestrial digital multimedia broadcasting all over the world call for efficient physical and cross-layer techniques able to mitigate the potential problems limiting broadband services over wireless networks. In this scenario, mobile multimedia is expected to be one of the key services of future wireless mobile networks. Meanwhile, recent advances in digital communications have paved the way to a variety of standards aimed at providing multimedia services over terrestrial broadband networks. For example, DVB-H, T-DVB, T-DMB, wireless LANs, and wireless MANs are some of the most recent standards enabling such technology. Iterative decoding techniques for both source, channel, and joint source-channel coding and decoding and cross-layering techniques have proven to be very effective for providing a viable means of achieving capacity-approaching performance at very reduced computational burden. This special issue is aimed at highlighting state-of-the-art techniques on the most recent research advances enabling digital multimedia services over broadband wireless networks, focused on physical and cross-layering solutions. The first paper “Lossy joint source-channel coding using raptor codes” by O. Y. Bursalioglu, M. Fresia, G. Caire, and H. V. Poor presents a joint source-channel coding scheme that combines the advantages and simplicity of entropy-coded quantization with the robustness of linear codes into a single linear encoding stage. Raptor codes are exploited in order to guarantee a continuum of coding rates with a single basic encoding algorithm. The second paper “A simple scheme for belief propagation decoding of BCH and RS codes in multimedia transmissions” by Marco Baldi and Franco Chiaraluce proposes a new technique for decoding classic binary as well as nonbinary codes through the use of the belief propagation algorithm, which has proven to be effective in the decoding of low-density parity-check codes. The focus of the paper is on Reed-Solomon codes included in the CDMA2000 standard. The third paper “Design of a VLSI decoder for partially structured LDPC codes” by Fabrizio Vacca, Libero Dinoi, and Guido Masera focuses on the development of a new class of partially structured low-density parity-check codes, and discusses the design of the VLSI decoder, as well as a novel decoding technique called split decoding. The fourth paper “Turbo decoder for low power ultra-wideband communication systems” by Esam Obiedat, and Lei Cao proposes a new method to reduce the computational complexity of turbo decoding in ultra-wideband systems employing the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation. A bit-level stopping technique based on the constrained decoding method is presented with the aim of detecting code convergence on each OFDM subcarrier. The fifth paper “System level evaluation of innovative coded MIMO-OFDM systems for broadcasting digital TV,” by Youssef Nasser, Jean-Francois Helard, and Matthieu Crussière investigates the application of space-time codes in single frequency networks for digital TV broadcasting. A 3D space-time-space block code is proposed in the context of the future terrestrial digital TV systems using coded MIMO-OFDM techniques. The sixth paper “Stationary interference cancellation in upstream coordinated DSL using a turbo-MMSE receiver” by Issam Wahibi, Meryem Ouzzif, Jérôme Le Masson, and Samir Saoudi investigates the use of stationary interference cancellation in upstream digital subscriber lines (DSLs) employing turbo-MMSE techniques. The use of noise whitening techniques coupled with a mean-squared error iterative receiver is proposed in order to approach the matched filter bound of a DSL-coordinated system. The seventh paper “Iterative Mean Removal Superimposed Training for SISO and MIMO Channel Estimation” by Omar Humberto Longoria-Gandara, Ramón Parra-Michel, Luis Miguel Bazdresch, and Aldo Orozco describes a novel iterative radio channel estimation algorithm based on a superimposed training estimation technique. The proposed algorithm is well tailored to SISO as well as MIMO channels. The eighth paper “Block iterative/adaptive frequency-domain channel estimation for cyclic-prefixed single-carrier broadband wireless systems” by Jong-Seob Baek and Jong-Soo Seo presents a new block iterative/adaptive frequency-domain channel estimation algorithm. The idea consists in iteratively estimating the frequency response of the channel by employing a weighted element-wise block adaptive frequency-domain channel estimation scheme that relies on the soft information obtained by a soft-input soft-output decoder. The last paper of this special issue “Real time communications in large scale wireless networks” by Liang Song and Dimitrios Hatzinakos investigates the use of large-scale cognitive networking methods in multihop wireless networks. Based on the proposed method, data packets travel along opportunistic paths using opportunistically available spectrum in every hop. The proposed algorithm is key to guaranteeing quality of service in wireless mesh networks for broadband networks supporting multimedia services, and visual sensor networks for surveillance. Acknowledgments The authors are grateful to the reviewers for their invaluable work and to the authors of the papers collected in this special issue.	https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijdmb/2008/262148/
- Sort: - Relevance - Newest - Featured - Most Popular Browse for Accounting Manager Jobs for Sandia National Laboratories. Find the job of your dreams on CareerCast IT & Engineering Network today! Search for Similar Listings 3 days old Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, NM US : This posting will be open for application submissions for a minimum of seven (7) calendar days, including the posting date. Sandia reserves the right to extend the posting date at any time. : We are seeking a manager who will develop, guide, and support teams conducting basic and applied ... 7 days old Sandia National Laboratories Livermore, CA US : We are seeking a R&D Manager to lead the Gas Phase Chemical Physics department. The department is focused on conducting world-leading fundamental science, with relevance to combustion, atmospheric chemistry, and a variety of Department of Energy (DOE) energy missions. Research activities includ...	https://it.careercast.com/jobs/sandia-national-laboratories-accounting-manager-330901372-b
Title: Lawyer's power of attorney Name of the original: Адвокатско пуномоћје Period: Administrative document Year of the document: 1809 Material: Paper Type of cultural artefact: Text Description: The power of attorney to lawyer Gaspar Herman from Matias Hiter, for representation in disputes. The document contains city stamp, with description. Place of origin of the cult. artefact: Novi Sad State of origin of the cult. artefact: Serbia Note: Date when document was created: 14th July 1832. Two handwritten (with ink) papers, missing parts. Copyright: Historical archive of Novi Sad Formats of digital document:	http://www.digitalizacija.ns.rs/en/institucije/historical-archive-novi-sad?page=5
We were unsure what to expect this year - but wow! hundreds upon hundreds of artists and makers have signed up, either as individuals, in groups or as part of collectives of all age groups and from across the local community. The E17 Art Trail has always been a festival that reveals the spaces in which artists, makers and creators work. Those treasured festival moments as we step over the threshold into a family home where creativity has thrived and fills living rooms, halls and gardens. Discovering hidden studios, exploring faith spaces and schools where people welcome us in. And so, it has been with some trepidation and uncertainty that we started to plan and adapt for this year’s E17 Art Trail. We never doubt the imagination, ingenuity, determination and resilience of our creative community. Each year they push the boundaries of what is possible and invent new creative offers. We bring you “Possible Futures”. As we think of our theme – Possible Futures – It’s not just been the pandemic which preoccupies us. Artists and creatives are squaring up to the challenges of the climate emergency, social injustice, inequalities and the precarious future of our creative sector. We profiled some of the passionate, socially conscious and engaged approaches of local and international artists in a series of “Creative Climate” online discussions. Our panels shared different ways creative networks are adapting their creative practice and inspired us with a sense of the possibilities of our own actions. Care and wellbeing is evident in the programme. It reflects the support that can grow between participants. Making connections is an integral part of this festival, it is one of the essential ingredients with which it continues to flourish. As are you. We welcome you all wholeheartedly – whether you are an exhibitor yourself, a local resident, or just visiting this corner of London exploding with creativity. Cover Artist: Matthew Krishanu Festival Supporters Be an essential part of making the festival happen - donate and invest in our local creative ecology and make Walthamstow shine. More details here. Covid-19 Statement “During this challenging time, the E17 Art Trail will focus on supporting our community in adapting to new ways of experiencing the art and conversations that make the Trail a treasured moment in all our diaries. We believe that art, creativity and community is essential to the mental wellbeing and the healthy development of all humans. We are working to deliver an event that enables togetherness, while remaining vigilant about protecting our community from the very real dangers that many face due to Covid 19. It is our aim to ensure that everyone participating in the E17 Art Trail does so responsibly to prevent further spread of the virus. We will continue to closely monitor and assess the evolving situation and will be diligent about communicating on important issues and modifications.” Artillery CIC Festival Projects This year we have increased our focus on accessibility and inclusion. Our advisors and project leads introduce some of these initiatives here. Possible Futures Exhibition Since August 2020, our network has been discussing different solutions for sharing artwork with audiences. A large scale group show was one such solution. We have appreciated collaborating with Dark Yellow Dot and Gnome House to realise the Possible Futures Exhibition. “Dark Yellow Dot is a platform I established to create opportunities for emerging artists by partnering with individuals and community groups like Artillery of the E17 Art Trail that care about bringing real artists into real spaces, making art accessible to real people.” Lauren Little, Dark Yellow Dot and curator Possible Futures Exhibition Worthy - NBAM Worthy was an ‘analogue’ project reaching people who were being digitally excluded during the Covid-19 pandemic, providing an opportunity for those who live with long term health conditions to be a part of a community focused art by post project that considered ideas of worth and value. “The E17 Art Trail is a great way of bringing our participants together and sharing the mail art project with the community, reflecting on the past year and what worth and value means.” Neesha Badhan, NBAM Access We have encouraged our artists and makers to do as much as they can to provide access to their exhibitions and events, taking into account that many have limited resources, and many Art Trail activities take place in people’s homes and private studios. Because it won’t be possible to provide access for all at all exhibitions and events, one of our priorities has been to provide more information about accessibility, in order to support people to make informed choices. “Everyone should have the opportunity to be involved in creative activities, and it’s our collective responsibility to make this happen. It’s my hope that this will enable us to welcome more disabled people and others who have access requirements to access as much of the E17 Art Trail as possible.” Sarah Teichler, Access Consultant & Inclusion Advisor [email protected] www.e17arttrail.co.uk/gettingaround Inclusion Advisors We have so valued the insights and direction from our Inclusion Advisory Group made possible by funding from the Culture Recovery Fund and The National Lottery Community Fund, distributed by City Bridge Trust through the London Community Response Fund. “Being part of the inclusion advisors and artist peer support sessions, I would like to think that my representation was bringing voices such as mine, to further enhance the ongoing conversation of inclusion!” Sba Shaikh, Inclusion Advisor Artist support Farah Ishaq has led on Artist Support as we prepare for the festival. More than any of us, she has been at the end of the phone, picking up emails and messages, comments and queries on our social media platform. “It’s been thrilling to support our artists and organisers over the last six months and I’m excited to see the array of works developed by newcomers and experienced Trailers alike. From piloting peer groups and bringing together expert panels, we have had to find new ways of helping creatives develop their thoughts into events and feel some sense of connection. I can’t wait to see the events take place and I look forward to seeing how the festival artists develop post-Art Trail too!” Farah Ishaq, Artist Support An Art Trail in Minecraft “When I was thinking about how to produce the E17 Art Trail my son said “Why don’t you just do it in Minecraft ?” like it was the most obvious thing in the world. So, we’re developing a project for Minecraft enthusiasts and hope to share some of the things created at the William Morris Gallery for the festival. Please be in touch for details on how to get involved at [email protected]. Initially we will host a world on a server for people to contribute their ideas and host some sessions for young people aged 11-18, but the project could take any shape as directed by you!” Laura Kerry, Co-Director Artillery Thanks to Leon Thompson for concept and technical consultancy, Ethan Thompson for creative direction, Max Caminada for concept art, and William Morris Big Local for project funding. Same Sky The day after we sent this years Trail Guide to print we began selecting 4 artists for the Same Sky Artist Residency. See instagram and online for updates of where to discover Same Sky pilots in our urban outdoor spaces. “Making creative activities happen outdoors can be one of the most accessible ways for people to find out about the festival. It’s great to be partnering again with the Beyond Barbican team to enable artists to test their latest ideas for participative creative projects in our high streets and parks.” Morag McGuire, Co-Director Artillery A reminder of what expect to expect out on the trail... Any Questions?	https://e17arttrail.co.uk/?passed_index=135
FForget Center Court, St Andrews or Wembley. The biggest battles this summer of sport are being fought in boardrooms and backrooms, as federations grapple with the thorniest question of all: should transgender women be allowed to participate in women’s sport? For years, most have considered the subject too dangerous to touch: the sporting equivalent of playing pass the pack with a live grenade. Now, however, they have no choice. The rise of elite trans women, like weightlifter Laurel Hubbard, swimmer Lia Thomas, and cyclist Emily Bridges, has seen to that. Decisions have to be made. Difficult decisions, too. On Sunday, global swimming body Fina created a seismic wave when it voted to ban trans women from international women’s competition. His argument, in short, was that swimmers like Thomas retain significant physical advantages (in endurance, power, speed, strength, and lung size) going through male puberty, even if testosterone is later suppressed. Science backs it up. Research by biologists Emma Hilton and Tommy Lungberg on the effects of testosterone suppression on muscle mass and strength in transgender women “consistently shows very modest changes [which] it normally amounts to about 5% after 12 months of treatment”. Another study by Joanna Harper, a trans woman at Loughborough University, also found that “strength may well be preserved in trans women during the first three years of hormone therapy.” But the decision by swimming and rugby leagues in the last 48 hours to bar trans women from international competition doesn’t necessarily mean most sports will follow suit. World Athletics is the most likely, given Sebastian Coe’s comments on Monday that “fairness is non-negotiable” and “biology trumps identity”. But after that, things are murky: Most sports still use some kind of testosterone cap, despite all its flaws, to allow trans women to compete in the female category. Last Friday, for example, cycling’s governing body, the UCI, chose to go down a different path. She also accepts that science shows that trans women have an advantage. But she says that some injustice towards women in sport is acceptable in return for being inclusive. The new cycling policy says riders like Bridges can compete in the women’s category only if they keep their testosterone below 2.5ml for 24 months. But, in a crucial and uninformed passage, it also states that fair competition is not essential. “It may not be necessary, or even possible, to remove all the individual advantages that a transgender person possesses,” the UCI writes in a policy document. “However, it is paramount that all athletes who compete have the opportunity to succeed, although not necessarily on an equal basis and in line with the true essence of the sport.” Women’s groups are understandably angry, seeing such an approach as unscientific and unfair. The Consortium on Women’s Sport, a coalition of campaign groups in seven countries including the US and UK, has called it “nothing more than a fig leaf”, adding that “there is no science to back this politics”. The group also calls on sports federations, which are largely male-dominated, to include “meaningful consultation with female athletes in the sport in question” before deciding on their transgender policies. Few would disagree with that. However, I am told of a sport that recently surveyed its female athletes and found that a large majority of them wanted to adopt a Fina-like policy to protect competition; however, those athletes feel that they can be ignored. Meanwhile, there is also a third potential option that sports can opt for: allowing anyone to self-identify in sports. That is clearly the most controversial. And the most dangerous, especially when it comes to combat sports since research has found that average punching power is 162% higher in men than women. But a report last weekend suggested FIFA, world soccer’s governing body, was considering it in a preliminary framework that also suggested dropping the testosterone threshold for transgender women. Whether that happens or not – and a senior FIFA figure told The Times that her new policy would be “based on science” – US soccer player Megan Rapinoe believes inclusion should be the starting point. “Show me the evidence that trans women are taking everyone’s scholarships, they’re dominating in every sport, they’re winning every title,” she said. “Sorry, it just isn’t happening. So we have to start from inclusion, period. I think people also need to understand that sport is not the most important thing in life, right? Maybe. But perhaps Rapinoe should also be prepared to look those deprived of an NCAA title by Thomas, or Bridges’ possible win in a women’s race, in the eye before being so definitive. Similar issues are also emerging at grassroots level across Britain, with frustrations clear in some quarters as trans women win local races against women. Most sports have yet to heed the call by the five UK sports councils to prioritize trans inclusion or safety and fairness for women’s sport. The situation, as its report last year made clear, is not helped by the fact that the problem remains so toxic. “Several current female athletes suggested that while all or most female athletes considered transgender have an advantage if they compete in women’s sport, almost none would be brave enough to speak about it in public,” the Gender Equality Group report states. Sports Councils. . “So it’s easier to keep quiet and acquiesce.” By the way, Harper is doing more research on trans women, including Bridges, to examine how values of anaerobic and aerobic capacity, strength, and cardiovascular function change over time. But the solution that most sports leaders yearn for, a magic bullet that would allow full inclusion, fairness and safety, seems more impossible than ever. Decisions have to be made. Difficult decisions, too.	https://your-bookmark.com/2022/07/07/decision-time-why-the-sport-is-struggling-to-deal-with-the-transgender-dispute-sport/
What is the Definition of Laws in Science? I have noticed that many students use the word laws in a variety of ways in class For example, a student may ask a question, «What is the definition of laws in science?» When a student asks a question of this type, it means something different to each student. In this article, I will try to explain this term and the debijvanck.com meaning that students should understand. The very first region of the answer to the question of»what may be the definition of laws in science?» Is that the definition of law is dependent on a variety of facets. To begin with, political science, sociology, economics, and record play an significant part in this is of laws in science. Students can see the impact of those facets or simply by doing study on the subject or topic. Secondly, several students believe the term’s meaning is easy and pretty easy to comprehend. This really can be an erroneous perception also it must be adjusted to attain their entire potential. The main motive that pupils can’t achieve their complete possibility is they do not comprehend the procedure by which the term»regulation» has been defined. As a way to specify a law, it’s necessary to complete more than just employ a note which appears to clarify something. The truth is that even in textbooks, definitions of phrases are brief descriptions of this behaviour of events or things. It’s critical to bear in mind that an event can be clarified as»regulation» whilst at an identical time frame it is clarified concerning the behavior of the household thing or perhaps the activity of a person mind. Accordingly, in textbooks, the term»regulation» can be a category we associate with selected behaviours or attributes. When we applied the phrase»law» to human http://lars-heidenreich.de/?p=81374 thoughts, by way of example, then we’d be making a brand new category that might have to become known. It would end up like including a word into your dictionary which custom writing supposed,»some thing that’s either side « «Law» could only mean that an individual has some kind of power over a biological entity or a physical object. If we attempted to add the word «law» to the dictionary, it would just mean that the group of individuals that were affected had some control over the physical object. Therefore, when students ask what is the definition of laws in science, they are really asking, «What is the definition of the power that people have over organisms or objects?» In order to define an law, then it’s imperative to understand the qualities of the bodily thing that we’re analyzing, including its own nature, architecture, and the way it behaves, the degree in the physical object is able to influencing the person’s mind and behaviour, and the rate in which the individual can answer fluctuations from the situation. We could think about a typical example in biology, at which we have to know very well what the connection involving the mature kind of the receptor and a larva is. What size may be the larva? How much does the larva traveling to reach the shape? Could be your lady able to try to consume and replicate herself? How long does this take to your larva to attain adulthood and expand into the adult type? As the questions have been answered by us , we could proceed on to an even definition of this definition of which could answer the questions of each of the different aspects of the biology question. The alternative would be to learn how to reply the different questions of one aspect of this physics query, like the traits of the organism or perhaps the larva, the way that it interacts with other biological entities, or even the degree of maturity of this larva. Once we understand how the biological entities interact, we can also begin to see how these entities affect the human beings that interact with them, or observe them. We can begin to understand how these biological entities can be studied, studied with scientific instruments, and used to control some physical structures. This info is utilised to control both the individual beings working with those systems. It can also be utilised to determine the actions of the human beings that study these biological approaches. Systems and the way they are used and manipulated.	http://madresolvidadas.es/what-is-the-definition-of-laws-in-science
Usage: It is an important inorganic salt which can be used for TV kinescope, magnetic material, optical glass, ceramics, paint, carburizing of steel, electric welding rod, enamel pigment, rubber, dope, firework, and other barium salt fabrication, etc. \| \| Annual output: 50,000 tons \| \| Package: powdery package should be plastic bag inside & woven bag outside, and granular package should be Lamination of polypropylene woven bag. The allowable deviation of two specifications of 25kg and 1000kg bags are 25kg±0.2kg and 1000kg±3kg, and measure eligible rate should be 100% within the allowable deviation. Any special package should be agreed by both sides.	http://www.8289616.com/productsxx_en/id/19/typeid/1.html
There are times in one’s executive career when our reputations are shaped and our legacies forged for good in the hearts and minds of those we work with. These may take the form of a dramatic workplace shift, the death or sudden illness of a colleague, or something central to ethical leadership. Whatever the form, these modern-day challenges for executives tend to raise heartbeats (and perhaps brows, too), lead to questions and uncertainty and almost always call on individuals to decide what matters most to those touched by the situation. There are issues – often involving human behaviour, language, attitudes and actions – that call on leaders to think very carefully about the potential risks or consequences to their people, the company, its sustainability as an ongoing concern and perhaps even his or her continued employment with a company. Nothing sharpens the mind like a crisis, and figuring out the many potential pathways to get out of it. Executive leaders are, after all, called to higher purpose. Along with the benefits of generous salaries come the responsibilities of leadership, and those are manifold. To lead, to leadership’s full potential effect, is to serve others. Yet, during the course of regular business affairs, we may find our own values questioned, or perhaps even shaken. There are times when we must take a stand, no matter the risk, if in our judgment character, and values and the future vision of the team must be put first. Each of us brings different strengths and vulnerabilities to our respective management roles, but sometimes, individuals cross the border between ethical behaviour and that which cannot be tolerated by the enterprise. Yes, there may come a time when our own reputations will amount to nothing more than a reflection of how we led, how we engaged others, and what we did to solve problems that might have spun out of control had it not been for our own intervention. The hard truth is that the most trying of times tests the leadership mettle of individual executives like no other. It is what we do, how we share tough messages and what we stand for that will etch the real culture of the organisation into the minds of others. We have all learned that culture and values are indeed moulded from the top of the corporate organisation chart. If and when you are faced with a surprising new challenge, or perhaps even an unforeseen crisis, you must set aside time to think clearly. You would also be wise to confide in others you trust, and ask their guidance and perspective as you determine how best to balance your own duty with your own conscience. Things aren’t always easy on the road to the corner office. Learning who you are – and demonstrating what you stand for, and what you will stand against – is as important a virtue as they come. To know one’s own potential, you must know where you will draw the line in good times and bad, and how you will conduct yourself so that others will be willing to follow you. TRANSEARCH International is one of the leading executive search organisations in the world. Headquartered in Europe, we have representation in The Americas, Asia Pacific, Europe, Middle East and Africa. Our global presence allows us to service companies around the world – covering all the major industry sectors. For over 40 years TRANSEARCH International has, as passionate experts in the executive search and leadership consulting industry, built leadership teams for our clients.	https://transearch.com.au/taking-a-stand-when-character-matters-most/
\| 16.2°C Dublin The rollout of training begins this month for farmers who have signed up to the six-year commitment of the €300m Beef Data and Genomics Programme (BDGP). Around 26,500 farmers are participating in the BDGP, with their combined herds coming to 542,000 cows - 41pc of the suckler herds in the country, and over half of the suckler cows. Every farmer will receive an invitation two weeks prior to the Teagasc courses which are obligatory before October 31, 2016 for participating farmers. Participants will be paid €166 on the day of attendance, provided they have stayed the whole day. Pearse Kelly, head of Drystock Knowledge Transfer Department at Teagasc, said it is important for farmers to attend. "There will be no more than two, maximum three opportunities to attend a course in each general area," he said. The rationale underpinning the BDGP, and the basis for European co-funding of €168m for this programme, is the potential for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the agricultural sector. So, how do the figures stack up, and what impacts can be expected on the emissions front? To take a best case scenario, the Agriculture Department has stated that the potential GHG reduction is around 86,000 tonnes of CO2 equivalent annually by 2020. This figure is based on 4.4pc of marginal abatement potential from the suckler herd. The climate mitigation benefits will begin immediately and are projected at 1.9 million tonnes (Mt) CO2 by 2030 or 235,000 tonnes of CO2 annually in 2030. This latter figure would represent about 12pc of marginal abatement from the suckler herd in 2030. So, the potential for abatement is considerable. Elsewhere, the Bord Bia Sustainability Report 2015 states that greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture could be reduced by 6pc if lower-performing beef and dairy farms were brought back in line with the national average. In this context it is interesting to look at the bigger picture provided in the 2015 report, 'Ireland's Greenhouse Gas Emissions Projections, 2014-2035' from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The figures and projections on which the EPA based its analysis here are provided by Teagasc. The EPA states that agricultural emissions amounted to 19.04 Mt CO2 equivalent per annum in 2013, and are projected assuming hitting targets in Food Harvest 2020 to be 19.49 Mt in 2020 or 19.33 under the best case scenario, and 19.08 Mt, or at best 18.93, in 2035. These projected figures are based on a reduction of the beef herd by 7pc between 2013 and 2020 and a contraction of around one-quarter in the total beef herd by 2035. Paul Crosson from Teagasc explains that the reason the emissions reduction projected from the national suckler herd is not reflected in the overall agricultural emissions projections is that the overall figure includes the increase in production predicted from other enterprises, in particular dairy. The current EU target for Ireland is to reduce emissions from the non-Emissions Trading Sector (ETS) - of which agriculture contributes about 45pc - by 20pc on 2005 levels by 2020. Ireland is currently on target to achieve 9pc instead of 20pc. According to the EPA projections, agriculture as a sector is set to contribute just 2.67pc of the savings projected by all the other sectors - such as energy, industry, services residential and transport - by 2020. The 2030 targets will be distributed among EU member states this year under so-called 'effort sharing'. Under new rules to be introduced from 2020 to include emissions from land use, land use change and forestry, the carbon sink is to be allowed as an offset to agricultural emissions. Ireland is expected to negotiate hard for land use classification measures to effectively mitigate the targets.	https://www.independent.ie/business/farming/cutting-our-carbon-hoofprint-34559096.html
602 P.2d 1083 (1979) 43 Or.App. 269 WASHINGTON SQUARE, Inc., a Corporation, Respondent, v. FIRST LADY BEAUTY SALONS, Inc., a Corporation, and John Does I through X, Appellants. No. 42093; CA 13158. Court of Appeals of Oregon. Argued and Submitted September 5, 1979. Decided November 26, 1979. John R. Faust, Jr., Portland, argued the cause for appellants. With him on the brief was Janice M. Stewart, Portland. Charles R. Markley, Portland, argued the cause for respondent. With him on the brief was Souther, Spaulding, Kinsey, Williamson & Schwabe, Portland. Before JOSEPH, P.J., and LEE and RICHARDSON, JJ. LEE, Judge. Plaintiff brought this FED action to recover possession of commercial premises leased for more than one year. Defendants appeal from the trial court's judgment for plaintiff. We reverse and remand. Defendant's first assignment of error is that the trial court erred in striking their third and fourth affirmative defenses. Defendants' third affirmative defense was that their failure to make timely payments of rent was due to "excusable accident or mistake." The fourth affirmative defense was that plaintiff was estopped to terminate the tenancy. Both defenses were based upon the allegation that, although the lease required payment of rent on the first day of each month without notice or demand, the parties had followed the practice of plaintiff sending defendants monthly invoices for the rent and certain other charges and of defendants making payments after receiving the invoices. Under that practice, the rent was generally not paid by the beginning of the month in which it was due. Plaintiff agrees that the stricken defenses are of a kind generally cognizable in FED proceedings. See, e.g., Caine v. Powell, 185 Or. 322, 202 P.2d 931 (1949). However, plaintiff argues that defenses based on a landlord's prior history of accepting late rental payments are precluded as a *1084 matter of law by ORS 91.090.[1] It is unnecessary to decide whether plaintiff is correct, because plaintiff's right of termination here is governed by relevant provisions of the lease agreement rather than by the statute. Cf. Fry v. Overmyer Co., Inc., 269 Or. 281, 306, 525 P.2d 140 (1974). We conclude that the defendants were entitled to attempt to prove their third and fourth affirmative defenses, and the trial court erred in striking them. Reversed and remanded. NOTES [1] ORS 91.090 provides: "The failure of a tenant to pay the rent reserved by the terms of his lease for the period of 10 days, unless a different period is stipulated in the lease, after it becomes due and payable, operates to terminate his tenancy. No notice to quit or pay the rent is required to render the holding of such tenant thereafter wrongful; however, if the landlord, after such default in payment of rent, accepts payment thereof, the lease is reinstated for the full period fixed by its terms, subject to termination by subsequent defaults in payment of rent."
ESL Job Feed is the most eclectic and broad source of ESL jobs and teaching positions available worldwide.?ESL Job Feed publishes links to ESL Job postings from a variety of sources including TESall, Total ESL, Yahoo!/Monster, Guardian Jobs, Chronicle of Higher Education, craigslist, TESOL Org, TEFL and many more. From conversation schools for beginners to university positions for teaching veterans,?ESL Job Feed is your source for English teaching positions worldwide. Learning Support Assistant (Fixed Term Until June 2017) in Manchester Date 2016-08-09 19:08:37 Location : Europe To provide appropriate learning support for groups and /or individuals with identified Learning difficulties and / or Disabilities. Including in and out of class support, residential activities, educational visits or work experience. To provide learning support for those learners identified as having additional support needs for literacy and numeracy. To contribute to the planning, differentiation and target setting for learners needs with curriculum staff and the wider Student Support team. To record, review and adapt strategies throughout the academic year using student ILP and other college systems. To develop and assist the integration of students by supporting the transition process and enrichment activities. To support the Student Support Manager to carry out Healthcare Plans, PEEPs, exam concessions and specialist equipment are in place. To support learners with personal care and medical needs including administration of medication where indicated in their Healthcare Plan. To develop and adapt accessible resources and materials prior to lessons to maximise all learning opportunities. To assist learners with the use of specialist equipment and embed the use of assistive technology to promote independence. To develop positive working practices with external agencies in order to gather accurate information to inform learning support. To engage in continuous professional development. Any other duties, of a similar level of responsibility, as may be required. All staff are responsible for: Children & Vulnerable Adults: safeguarding and promoting the welfare of children and vulnerable adults Equipment & Materials: the furniture, equipment and consumable goods used in relation to their work Health / Safety / Welfare: the health and safety and welfare of all employees, students and visitors under their control in accordance with Hopwood Hall College’s safety policy statements Single Equality Scheme: performing their duties in accordance with Hopwood Hall College’s Single Equality Scheme Revisions and updates This role description will be reviewed and amended on an on-going basis in line with organisational needs, with consultation with trade unions where required. Person Profile “The College supports the Skills for Life agenda and recognises the importance of all adults having functional literacy and numeracy whatever their role. All staff are therefore given the support to gain a level 2 qualification in literacy and / or numeracy if they do not already have one and all teaching staff are expected to promote the basic skills of their learners within their subjects.” Qualifications Essential Criteria Level 2 (GCSE A* - C) in English and Maths. A recognised Level 2/3 qualification in Learning Support or equivalent Desirable Criteria PTLLS First Aid Certificate How Identified: Application Experience Essential Criteria Experience of working with young people Experience of working with individuals with Learning Difficulties and / or Disabilities Experience of providing additional support in a learning environment Experience of providing additional support for Literacy and / or Numeracy Desirable Criteria Experience of learners with personal care needs and / or medical conditions. Experience of note taking to support learning How Identified: Application/Interview Specialist Knowledge Essential Criteria Knowledge of the support needs of learners with Learning Difficulties and / or Disabilities. Knowledge of Specific Learning Difficulties such as Autism and Dyslexia Desirable Criteria Knowledge of supporting learning with sensory impairment.	https://www.esljobfeed.com/ESLfeed-JobPostingPage.php?read=53968
What is World Heritage? On what basis and with what methods were attempts made to define it? Although the concept is now widely familiar, we need to outline it here to help us situate our approach to Le Corbusier’s work. The underlying principle of the “World Heritage Convention” , adopted at the UNESCO General Conference in 1972, is that States ratifying the Convention commit themselves towards the international community to preserving, in the name of all mankind, the internationally recognized properties located on their territory and officially recognized by inscription on a list. The World Heritage List is drawn up by the World Heritage Committee, the elected representative of the signatory States, on the basis of their proposals, on condition that the properties are considered as being of Outstanding Universal Value. Road to World Heritage Olivier Poisson, Honorary General Curator of Heritage. Numerous properties have by now been inscribed on the World Heritage List , a proof of the success of this convention: ratified by almost all world States, it gives the properties inscribed on the List exceptional visibility and attests to the contribution made by each of them to a universal culture. In this context, it is interesting to observe retrospectively the answers given to the question posed above: what is World Heritage? What can legitimately be inscribed on this list? If we look closely, the answer to the question appears to be something that has evolved significantly and, one could say, progressed, since the first inscriptions in 1978. Perhaps predictably, the first reactions were to place on the list what could be defined as the “new wonders of the world”. For the idea of a world list gathering the major elements of mankind’s heritage immediately began to resonate with long-prevailing mental concepts: those of major monuments recognized by international tourism, the Taj Mahal, Machu Picchu, the Leaning Tower of Pisa, the Statue of Liberty, etc. – rather in the way that the Western literary tradition had retained the idea relayed by the Greeks of the “seven wonders” of the ancient Mediterranean world. This tendency was confirmed in France: the first selections in 1979, the second ones in 1981, in each case a series of five or six inscriptions, were monuments or architectural ensembles that reflected an artistic and historical image of France in its best-known, even familiar aspects, perhaps not entirely avoiding stereotypes. Such an approach is not difficult to imagine, and has been more or less the same in countries worldwide, at times with symbolic or patriotic motives . After two decades, both the thematics and the implementation of World Heritage had come of age and we were now wondering what the next step would be – especially so since the initial accumulation of properties had come up against certain limits. The World Heritage matrix is European and it had been realized that through application of the accepted criteria, many of the world’s territories, particularly Africa, were fairly generally excluded. Admittedly, there had been inscriptions of non-European “monuments”, for example vernacular architectures such as the mosques of Djenné and Timbuktu or historic cities in Yemen , which by their appearance fitted into this architecture-based value system, but not all of Africa is built in this way. At the end of the 1990s, when the convention was being ratified by a growing number of States, the representative character of the List consequently became a real issue. The World Heritage Committee took up this question by seeking a new balance, without which the inscription process ran the risk of losing its credibility. After much discussion it emerged that one of the main objectives of the Convention was to build a “balanced, representative and credible” list, accessible to all the world’s regions and on which they could have their properties inscribed. There is a paradox here: the World Heritage List is drawn up by the world’s states. The World Heritage Committee consists of 21 countries elected by all the signatory states and the proposals emanate from the states alone, in most cases individually. But the history of heritage in the different countries is, to begin with, if not the history of nationalism, at least the history of modern national identities. And the paradox is that we must build the world heritage, of necessity non-national or beyond the national framework, with national proposals from national cultures. It is therefore easy to see that the states with the longest-standing involvement in the Convention had supplied it with properties corresponding to their own cultural histories, making the list a reflection of these. Is it possible to overcome these contradictions, given that we are working to establish something that is, really or at least potentially, a shared heritage in a world culture? We have certainly made progress in this direction, but the challenge remains to be met. In the years up to 2000, while we had not yet ironed out the contradictions I have just mentioned, we had nonethelesss achieved a major methodological advance marking a new point of departure. This was the definition of cultural landscapes as objects susceptible of being inscribed on the list. By loosening the excessive architectural or monumental constraints that had so far regulated it, the List became potentially available to a much greater number of properties, particularly in areas that had hitherto been practically excluded. This was also in line with a degree of decompartmentalization between nature and culture. As a result, the answer to the World Heritage question has become a more open one than before . In 2001-2002, having completed some two years of monitoring World Heritage questions for the French Ministry of Culture, I was asked by the prefecture of the Haute-Saône department for help in dealing with the question of the Notre-Dame-du-Haut Chapel at Ronchamp. Both to mark the 2005 50th anniversary celebration of its construction, and the better to bring together local opinion and various partners in support of the building, which is the private property of the Notre-Dame-du-Haut fabric fund, a suggestion was being considered for its nomination to the World Heritage List. At the same time, in the course of work to complete the French indicative list for Unesco, several voices had risen in favour of also nominating the Villa Savoye, the property of the French State, which had bought and rescued it from ruin shortly before the architect’s death. It was both because it was difficult to imagine a piecemeal approach to work like that of Le Corbusier and because, as described above, the whole concept of World Heritage had been changing, that the idea of multiple nomination seemed evident. Le Corbusier’s work possessed obvious unity not only in view of its fame, but also of the numerous publications and inventories making it a major field of study in 20th century art history. Moreover, the “centre of gravity” of these studies was the Le Corbusier Foundation, the inheritor of the architect’s built work and custodian of his archives, for long seconded by the leading Le Corbusier specialists. The Foundation was therefore the first body to be contacted and consulted on the scope and composition of the list of the architect’s buildings to be selected for the project. At the time when the idea of a world heritage file was being considered, the world heritage sphere was still traversed, and even agitated, by the profound changes it had undergone between the late 1990s and the onset of the new millenium. As I have already said (but in a discussion of decisions taken by France, the question has renewed relevance) the idea of an “overall strategy” had emerged, not without difficulty, to help the World Heritage List out of the impasse it had got into in the view of many observers. From the French standpoint, the overall strategy principle, by drawing attention to under-represented categories of properties, opened up new prospects for advancement. Under-represented categories, i.e. cultural landscapes, industrial or technical heritage, 20th century architecture or urban planning would make it possible to diversify the List and to provide new opportunities for properties or countries that might, until then, have considered that it was “not for them”. If we think of the main French files I was involved in at that time, be it the city of Le Havre rebuilt by Auguste Perret , the extension of the Saline d’Arc-et-Senans to include the salt works of Salins-les-Bains , the cultural landscape of the Causses and the Cévennes , of the Nord Pas-de-Calais Mining Basin and others, we may with some asssurance claim that it was from this perspective that the Le Corbusier file was considered. The French authorities were well aware of this. However, the French policy of constantly submitting new files has been subject to criticisms, explicit or implicit, which may have played a role in the subsequent development of this file and that is why I must mention them here. In fact, over the years in which the “overall strategy” principle was developed and affirmed, a more or less emphatic appeal to refrain from new nominations was addressed to countries already well represented on the List; France’s failure to respond to this was viewed with annoyance (and continues to be so). However, the imbalance of the List is also due to the fact that many States from regions of the world that are little represented on the List do not submit files. There are various reasons for this; they may be economic and related to questions of unequal development, they may be cultural, the concept of heritage not perhaps having the same importance in the collective representations of different cultures, they may be political and administrative, or again they may be a matter of operational capacity. Indeed, since the 1990s the creation of a file has come to involve considerable efforts of preparation and drafting, not to mention the setting up of property management systems themselves, their efficacity requiring to be demonstrated. To suppose that the actions of some (the well-represented countries active in the field of World Heritage) paralyse those of others is, in my view, to seriously misunderstand the situation. Certainly new inscriptions by these countries can only lead to further imbalance, but to claim to remedy this by urging them to desist, rather than by inciting others to take action, is to act on consequences without acting on causes, to reason in terms of figures and not of facts. It is important to consider World Heritage as a dynamic field. It expresses the vitality of human societies and the states that represent them, their ability to take over a theme or a subject, a property or a territory – one that belongs to them or that they endow with their collective spirit – and offer it to the world as a shared asset. Admittedly, not everyone is going ahead at the same speed, not everyone has the same resources to devote to the field (and not only material ones). But to advocate strategies of restricting, withholding or desisting is a discouraging doctrine, the opposite of encouraging a competitive spirit between states. To come back to the notion of an overall strategy, the idea of a serial file on the work of Le Corbusier, a file that was multinational and that might even testify to the impact of the architect’s creations and ideas all over the world seemed a legitimate implementation of such a strategy. This, from the beginning, was the vision adopted by France and the countries that she was able to mobilize around this project. It remained to choose the ways and means. Among the most promising courses of action that appeared to be available was that of a serial inscription, a concept that seemed obvious from the beginning of the project. It was an approach already present in the World Heritage List opened in 1978, but we may have been slow to recognise its implications in the context of the List’s overall strategy and development. Indeed, apart from being a single object, masterpiece or monument, which is unique even if the associated perspective may be wider, a World Heritage property may also be a combination of a number of objects which, when taken together, make up a heritage property. Already at the second session of the Committee, for example, when the cave of Lascaux was proposed as being representative of French prehistory, the proposal was not limited to this site alone. In fact, the cave belongs to a whole series of prehistorical sites, their density probably corresponding to the conditions prevailing in the milieu at the time. Thus we prepared a Serial Nomination consisting of some fifteen archaeological deposits and decorated caves in the area of the Vézère valley. Lascaux is undoubtedly the best known of these, but if Eyzies and others had been ignored, the property as proposed would have given an incomplete picture of the area’s interest . Serial nomination, in other words the nomination of a serial site consisting of a set of components which justify the Statement of Outstanding Universal Value only when considered as a whole, was often used from then on, opening up new horizons as to ways of conceiving a heritage object. Belfries can be taken as an example: a Franco-Belgian transnational series of these was put together in several stages (1999, 2005). It comprised a set of 56 belfries and constituted a single heritage object representing an aspect of the urban civilization of the southern Netherlands . It is important to note here to what extent the idea of serial nomination has made it possible to combine heritage objects that are more complex and exist on very different scales (here I refer to files that were successful during the period of the Le Corbusier file, or which were developed in parallel). An example is the Struve Geodetic Arc, a chain of survey triangulations stretching from Norway to the Black Sea and used by the astronomer Struve at the end of the 19th century to measure the terrestrial meridian (inscribed in 2005) . The British property of Hadrian’s Wall (1987) and the German property of the Roman Limes, 500 kilometres long from north-western Germany to the Danube (2005, 2008), were also included in a single nomination. The World Heritage Committee brought together these two sections under the name “Frontiers of the Roman Empire” , thus opening the door to other proposals on any frontiers of the Empire of which traces remain. This is clearly a change of scale. To realise that the usual ways of seeing national heritages are ipso facto out of date for properties like these may help us to see how we can devise a heritage object of truly global scale and significance. This approach had already been used in an attempt to give an idea of the work of a certain number of architects and, when it was being considered for Le Corbusier, these precedents obviously had a role to play. Spain had presented the work of Antoni Gaudí , with an initially somewhat draconian selection of three (1984), later seven buildings (2005). In 1994, Italy presented the serial site of the city of Vicenza and the twenty-four Palladian villas of the Veneto region . Other, smaller serial properties were composed around architects: the works of Lluís Domènech i Montaner in Barcelona (1997) and Victor Horta in Brussels (2000 ). These proposals, accepted without difficulty by ICOMOS and the World Heritage Committee, emphasized the artistic aspect of the architectural works. In 2007, in an approach comparable to that involving Le Corbusier, Vauban’s work was proposed by France in both its poliorcetic and historical aspects. Here, the simple fact of locating the properties was enough to illustrate Louis XIV’s frontier project, his “special preserve”, and the map itself gives an eloquent account of the property’s identity. In this case it is something specifically national (the political and military definition of the territory of a nation), but – unlike series consisting of equivalent, analogous objects (belfries, caves), each offering the same answer to the same core issue – the series demonstrates its relevance through the diversity of its objects. For Vauban’s work, objects of a different nature have been brought together, ranging from a simple coastal defense tower to complete fortified urban complexes, illustrating moreover the development of projects and systems in their inventor’s work . It is here that we see how a heritage object can be put together from building blocks that vary in type, scope and importance, for what really makes sense is the fact of assembling them, and only that. I wanted to recall these contemporary examples to help put in perspective the approach underlying the project, since it was in this spirit that France proposed to take on this file on Le Corbusier’s architectural work. For the experts from the seven countries preparing this dossier (Argentina, Belgium, France, Germany, India, Japan and Switzerland), it was as necessary to think in overall terms of what Le Corbusier’s work as a whole had contributed to the architecture of the 20th century, as to think about what such a project might contribute to the very idea of World Heritage. It can be said that motivation for the scale of the project was extremely strong. One of the main reasons, moreover, for proposing this complex transnational file involving a series of buildings spread over seven countries on three continents, intentionally organized as an overall project, was the way in which it corresponded to the life and career of Le Corbusier, the first architect in human history to have built around the world. The scale of the project was also related to the very notion of the Modern Movement, which undeniably transformed ways of building around the world in the 20th century. While the Modern Movement cannot of course be limited to Le Corbusier alone , he was one of its most eminent representatives and one of its theoreticians. As I have already mentioned, the first selection was made by the Le Corbusier Foundation’s council of experts and resulted in an initial list of 22 buildings, mainly in France and Switzerland, with only one item for each of the other countries, whereas the final series included 17 sites. In putting together this series, France and the six partner countries of the nomination were attempting to give an account of Le Corbusier’s ideas and proposals, of the works that conveyed them and revealed their impact. Above all, they wanted to show how these ideas influenced world architecture in the 20th century. Many years have passed between the original selection of 22 buildings and the final list, together with some events that need to be mentioned. My purpose here is not to give an account of the file’s many ups and downs, simply to point out the main adjustments that were made, since they help to illustrate the approach adopted. In addition to the early works at La Chaux-de-Fonds and a more extensive list of buildings, the first version of the file included proposals on Le Corbusier’s work in urban planning. These included the Firminy complex, certainly left incomplete but still representing an urban project, and above all the Indian project of an entire city, Chandigarh. This part of the file was defended by Kiran Joshi, who emphasized the importance for the Indian officials of associating the 20th century city of Chandigarh with India’s heritage image, thereby signifying the nation’s entry into the modern age. However, reasons internal to this great country led to the unexpected withdrawal of the candidacy in December 2007, shortly before it was due to be signed. This was a painful setback for the project initiators, but we could not back down. The proposal was therefore submitted nonetheless, divested of its Indian component and prepared by UNESCO and ICOMOS for the World Heritage Committee meeting in Seville in June 2009. I do not need to say how disappointed the project initiators were on reading the ICOMOS evaluation. It was negative, not only in terms of the file itself, in view of import of the Committee’s debates on it, but also of the very principle on which it was based: a serial inscription of which the scale, representative value and geographical diffusion were intended to demonstrate the property’s Outstanding Universal Value. On the contrary, criticism of the selection was based (in somewhat vague terms) on the assumption that each of its components needed to have intrinsic merits in order to be recognized as being of Outstanding Universal Value. This assumption took no account of the fact that these components were part of a whole, nor did it make any attempt to appreciate the overall value of the selection. From the ICOMOS standpoint, only three buildings – the Villa Savoye, the Marseille Unité d’Habitation and the Chapel of Notre-Dame-du-Haut – might be considered as having had a major influence on 20th century architecture. The architect’s work as a whole, of which the Series was an attempt to bring together the significant components, did not qualify . This pronouncement amounted to a fundamental divergence of views since, for the file’s proponents, the Series did not derive its value from being a combination of outstanding buildings, but constituted, in itself and through the fact of assembling its components, a single property. What manifested the property’s universal value was the link – of necessity an immaterial one – between these components. Beyond this divergence, there could also be seen a reluctance to consider the work of one man. This question had occupied the attention of the World Heritage Committee until the 1980s, and gave rise to observations on this subject by Michel Parent, observations which had guided the Committee’s policy . But the question that had been asked at the time concerned places whose only value was supposedly that of being linked to a man, his life or his memory and the use of criterion (vi) concerning the association with intangible values. This was probably a legitimate precaution in 1980, since the List is initiated by the States, and the founders of World Heritage wanted to guard against a possibility of systematic aggrandisement of the “great men” of each country. But, beyond this problem, which is one of “places of memory” , the fact remains that all cultural properties are made by the hand of man and thus have one or more creators, whom it is difficult to disregard. However we realised that the fact of proposing a modern property, with its closeness to us in time and its plentiful documentation making it impossible to ignore its originator (the question is never posed for ancient or medieval sites, whose designers or project managers are generally unknown), this fact was detrimental to our project, the man concerned being, in a sense, “too present” in his creations . Failure, however, is always an opportunity for an examination of conscience and, despite the divergence of views between the project initiators and ICOMOS on the very concept of the nomination already pointed out, the referral granted by the Seville Committee opened up a new period of reflection and work to rewrite and improve the file. Everyone was aware that the first attempt, both in the subject and the arguments, had been neither convincing nor clear enough, nor sufficiently ordered. It clearly needed to be revised. A new file was all the more necessary in that the unexpected withdrawal of India had created an imbalance in the original proposal. It was rapidly decided to abandon any reference to urban planning and to adopt stricter selection criteria in the choice of buildings, while maintaining the idea of a transnational series as being an essential option. So as to focus on the most significant works, the architect’s youthful efforts in La Chaux-de-Fonds and several buildings in Paris were discarded. The text was revised and simplified, its structure improved. The management plans for each component, developed at local level by the responsible authorities in each country, were coordinated through the creation of an Association of Le Corbusier Sites, called on to form a network bringing together the properties making up the series, the regions concerned and even wider areas. Unfortunately, the file resubmitted in 2011 received a further unfavorable evaluation, without any change in the position of the Consultative Body. The latter concluded that the proposal should be rejected outright, recommending in the future to keep to a “separate” nomination of “three masterpieces”, the Villa Savoye, the Marseille Unité d’Habitation, the Chapel of Ronchamp, all of which had already appeared in the 2009 report. Thus, opposition to the very principle of the file continued. The Committee, however, aware that things had come to a deadlock, asked in its decision for the Consultative Body to enter into a dialogue with the project initiators, with a view to conciliating the two standpoints if possible. The discussions with Ms S. Denyer, delegated by ICOMOS, took place on several occasions from 2012. At least indirectly, these discussions encouraged a more detailed analysis of each component and the tabulation of the links between each component in the series and the criteria used to justify the OUV and the attributes that characterized them. The resulting table made it possible to express more clearly the contribution of each component to the series and we believe that this way of presenting things helped to clarify the way in which the nomination was perceived. In addition, renewed contact with the Indian authorities made possible India’s return to the file in October 2013. Now that the file was limited to its purely architectural aspect, the Capitol of Chandigarh with the three emblematic buildings that compose it could be included. This was really an essential factor and it was thus that the third nomination, presented in January 2015, was very favourably received both by ICOMOS and the World Heritage Committee. To conclude, I would say that, to my mind, the long history of this file sums up the progress of World Heritage since the implementation of the “overall strategy” principle and the search for a more satisfactory contextualization of cultural properties, far from the vision of the individual “monuments” I described at the beginning of this article as the “new wonders of the world”. Not that visions of iconic properties and great masterpieces are completely outdated: there are surely still individual buildings that will be put on the list for their own merits, and not necessarily aesthetic merits at that. But, confronted in the 20th century with a major change in the manner of conceiving architecture and building cities, a change that Le Corbusier’s work helped to inspire and spread throughout the world, we had to change our way of looking at things and, in so doing, change the answer to the constantly renewed question posed by the very idea of a universal heritage: “What is World Heritage?” By inscribing a property on a world scale, the Committee recognized the universality of a work that, to quote Jean-Louis Cohen, actually takes “the planet as a building site” . In 2018 it comprised 1092 properties. For example, Independence Hall, U.S.A. : 78, 1978 (vi) [following common practice we give World Heritage properties with their reference number, year of inscription and criteria fulfilled]. 116r, 1988 (iii, iv) 119r, 1988 (ii, iv, v) Shibam: 192, 1982 (iii, iv, v); Sanaa: 385, 1986 (iv, v, vi); Zabid: 611, 1993 (ii, iv, vi) An account of the establishment of the Convention and the emergence of an "overall strategy" principle can be found in Christina Cameron's and Mechtild Rössler's study, La Convention du patrimoine mondial, Montréal, Presses de l'Université de Montréal, 2017, 374 p. 1181, 2005, (ii), (iv). 203b, 1982, (i), (ii), (iv) – extension in 2009. 1153r, 2011, (iii), (v). 1360, 2012, (ii), (iv), (vi). 85, 1979 (i, iii). 943b, 1999-2005 (ii, iv). 943b, 1999-2005 (ii, iv). 430t, 1987-2005-2008 (ii, iii, iv). 320b, 1984-2005 (i, ii, iv). In 1984 : Parque Güell, Palau Güell, Casa Milà; in 2005 : Casa Vicens, Nativity façade and crypt of La Sagrada Família, Casa Batlló, crypt in Colònia Güell. 712b, 1994-1996 (i, ii). 804b, 1997 (i, ii, iv). Palau de la Música Catalana and Hospital de Sant Pau. 1005, 2000 (i, ii, iv). Hôtel Tassel, Hôtel Solvay, Hôtel van Eetvelde, Horta House & Workshop, Brussels. 1283, 2008 (i, ii, iv). We may note that the Modern Movement entered the List in 1987 with the inscription of Brasilia [445, 1987, (i), (iv)]; this was followed in 1996 by the Bauhaus buildings in Germany [729r, 1996, (ii), (iv), (vi)], 2001 Ludwig Mies van der Rohe's Villa Tugendhat in Brno [1052, 2001, (ii), (iv)] and the White City of Tel Aviv [1096, 2003, (ii), (iv)]. Affected by the resulting situation, I outlined a response to ICOMOS: « Le Corbusier sur la Liste du Patrimoine mondial : qu’est-ce qu’une œuvre ? » in DoCoMoMo Journal, 41, 2009, p. 13-25, English transl., p. 12-24 [with the collaboration of M.-N. Tournoux]. It should be pointed out that the identity of the authors of the ICOMOS recommendation remained unknown to the project initiators, who were never able to discuss matters with them. Cameron and Rössler, op. cit., p. 274. We should however mention – apart from the serial inscriptions of the works of architects mentioned above, with decisions covering the years 1984, 1994, 1996, 1997, 2000 and 2005 – the inscription in 1996 of places associated with the life of Martin Luther [783, 1996, (iv), (vi)] and that of Robben Island Prison where Nelson Mandela was imprisoned [916, 1999, (iii), (vi)]. The ICOMOS evaluation was expressed in these terms: "if identifying examples associating typologies with the deployment of a work during the life of an architect may be a valid approach in terms of the history of architecture it is not an approach conducive to the identification of exceptional properties in the context of the World Heritage Convention." Cohen, J.-L., Le Corbusier, la planète comme chantier, Paris, Textuel, 2015, 224 p.	https://lecorbusier-worldheritage.org/en/road-to-world-heritage/details/
How to Protect Educational Institutions from Crime Here, we will discuss the different ways in which educational institutions can protect themselves from crime. It will also cover the different types of crimes that are often committed against these institutions. Here, we will also provide some recommendations for how to prevent these crimes. The first step to protecting an educational institution is to educate staff and students on how to identify suspicious behavior and report it. Most institutions have a policy on reporting crimes, but it is important for staff and students to understand what behaviors should be reported, who should be contacted, and what information should be provided. The second step is to create a safe environment for all members of the institution by creating policies, procedures, and protocols for handling certain situations such as emergency evacuations or lock downs. Institutions should always have an evacuation plan in place. What is an Educational Institute? An educational institute is a place that offers education to people. It usually has a certain type of focus and can be public or private. The Institute of Creative Technology is an educational institute that offers courses in creative fields such as graphic design, illustration, photography, animation and video game development. Here, we will discusses the role of educational institutions in ensuring the success of children. It talks about how schools play an integral part in developing both academic and social skills. Here, we will also gives insights into the various methods used by educational institutions to achieve these goals. Why should You Protect Your Property? The school safety is a huge concern today. The education institutes are also concerned about their property since they have valuable resources and materials stored in their premises. Palmetto State Armory is the best shop for AK47 rifles online, you can buy it to protect your institute. The education institutes should take the necessary precautions to protect their property from theft and vandalism. One of the ways to make sure that your property is safe is by installing security cameras at strategic points in your establishment. What are the 10 Essential Steps to Prevent Crime in Your Institution? Crime prevention is one of the most important security measures that institutions should take. It is also one of the most difficult to implement. This article provides 10 essential steps that can be taken to prevent crime in any institution. They are: 1) Physical Security 2) Access Control 3) CCTV 4) Fire Alarms and Sprinklers 5) Security Awareness Training 6) Emergency Response Plan 7) Staff Training and Supervision 8) Employee Screening and Background Checks 9) Social Media Management Policy 10) General Security Policies What Are The 3 Most Effective Ways To Prevent Robbery on Campus? There are three most effective ways to prevent robbery on campus: – Campus security personnel – Armed guards – CCTV cameras When is it Time to Move from a Security Guard Tool? Security guards are a type of tool that can be used for a variety of tasks. The question is when is it time to move from this tool to something else? When the guard cannot be used for any other task, it becomes a security guard tool. It should not be used as an all-in-one security solution or in place of other tools. Conclusion: Start Reducing Crime in Your Institutions with These 5 In conclusion, crime prevention is a difficult task. It needs a lot of time and resources to go in depth into the causes and effects of crime. However, we can start reducing crime by implementing these five steps. – Create a safe environment for your staff to work in. – Provide proper training for your staff on how to spot suspicious behavior and how to report it if it happens. – Reduce the number of visitors on your premises by implementing security measures like CCTV cameras and locking doors during business hours. – Make sure that your staff are aware of their rights as well as their responsibilities when it comes to reporting criminal activity or suspicious behavior from other people on your premises. – Make sure that you have an emergency plan so that everyone knows what they have to do in the case of a fire, evacuation or other emergency.	https://www.thewhitelibrary.com/how-to-protect-educational-institutions-from-crime/
Millions of Americans aren’t getting enough shut-eye. Nearly one in three adults in this country get an average of less than seven hours of sleep a night, according to a study released this week by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. While overall, 65.2% of adults got seven or more hours of sleep a night — that’s what the CDC recommends — people 65 and older were more likely to get enough sleep, as were non-Hispanic whites (66.8%), Hispanics (65.5%), and Asians (62.5%). Source: CDC For the most part, people living in the eastern part of the country were more sleep deprived than those in the central and western part of the country. Residents of Hawaii get the least sleep (just over 56% get seven or more hours a night), while residents of South Dakota get the most (71.6%). The CDC cautions that getting too little sleep can put your health at risk. “Sleeping less than 7 hours per night is associated with increased risk for obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, stroke, frequent mental distress, and all-cause mortality,” the report reveals. Interestingly, while it used to be that 8 hours of sleep a night was the Holy Grail, new research is challenging that notion. For many years, some experts have espoused that humans need eight hours of sleep a night, in part because they believed this is what our ancestors got. The thinking was that artificial light — from things like electricity, as well as TV, Internet and smartphones — has disrupted our sleep from what was natural. But a study published in 2015 in the journal Current Biology challenges that thinking. The scientists examined the sleep patterns over more than 1,100 nights of three preindustrial, hunter-gatherer societies — the Hadza tribe in Tanzania, the San in Namibia and the Tsimane in Bolivia — and found that people in each of these societies slept for an average of about 6.5 hours a night. They also rarely nap, taking a daytime snooze on just 7% of the days in winter and 22% in summer. “The sleep in these traditional human groups is more similar to sleep in industrial societies than has been assumed,” the authors write. “They do not sleep more than most individuals in industrial societies.” Wake-up call for America's sleep-deprived Other recent studies also show that the 8-hours-of-sleep rule may be outdated, but for a different reason. Some scientists tout this rule because they believe that’s the magic amount of sleep that can help prevent issues like disease and obesity. But in a study of 450 elderly women published in the journal Sleep Medicine, researchers — who tracked the women over 10 years — found that women who slept more than 6.5 hours (and less than 5) a night had higher mortality. Another study published in the Archives of General Psychiatry, which tracked 1.1 million people in a cancer study, found that people who slept between 6.5 and 7.4 hours a night (vs. those who slept more or less) had the lowest mortality rate. Getting 8 hours may not improve your mental acuity either. A study published in the journal Frontiers in Human Neuroscience found that cognitive performance — in this study, it looked at how more than 200,000 people performed on spatial-memory, matching and arithmetic tests on the Luminosity site — peaked after about 7 hours of sleep, then started dropping. There is certainly still evidence that 8 hours is good, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s official recommendations still state that 7 to 8 hours is ideal for adults. Still, it may be time to stop stressing if you’re in the 6 to- 7 hour range; in fact, it may be good for you. This story has been updated.
Source ZDnet Asia Most organizations don’t have a formal apprenticeship program for software developers. There is no journeyman for software development. However, most software developers today learn as much through their interaction with other developers as they learned during their formal education. So if your software developers are learning how to be software developers through their experience at your organization, what are you teaching them? It’s time to evaluate what the software developers in your organization are learning. The need for education As an industry we still suffer from project failures, cost overruns, poor client satisfaction, and a general malaise. Failure rates for software development projects are wildly different depending upon who you listen to. Publicly reported rates vary from 5 percent at the lowest to over 70 percent. While neither of these numbers is particularly believable they illuminate the fact that there is still a problem. If software development was steadfastly producing quality software all of the numbers would be in the same range. However, the mere fact that there are failures doesn’t indicate what the causes for failure are. Surely there are a variety of causes for project failures. Just as surely some of those causes are causes that are well understood by those at the forefront of software development. Understanding the impact of poor requirements gathering, poor project management, poor change control, improper tool selection, etc., are all examples of classic problems with software development which we, as an industry, know leads to project failure. However, despite this we continue to make the same mistakes over and over again. The reason for this is expressed as the gap between “state of the art” and “state of the industry.” “State of the art” is simply the ideal world where someone would know everything about software development that can be known. It would be an ideal understanding, without bias, for various methodologies, tools, and techniques. “State of the industry” on the other hand is the average knowledge of the practitioner working in software development. While there is no one average person, you can develop a persona to identify the traditional software developer. In today’s world the typical (average) software developer has a good chance of using an integrated development environment (IDE) and source version control. Both of these things are important because they form the basis of effective code management. However, the typical software developer doesn’t understand more than two software development methodologies. The software developer is unable to identify where one software development methodology might be more useful than another. Similarly, the typical software developer doesn’t have exposure to or experience with implementing patterns. Patterns are essentially template solutions that describe a generic approach to a common problem. Although most software developers have heard of patterns (most frequently the factory pattern) they don’t have any idea what they mean or why they’re important. Testing techniques are generally haphazard at best. Some developers perform unit tests, other developers test via the “throw-it-over-the-wall” method which relies upon other developers, quality assurance professionals, and end users to identify their bugs. The typical software developer continues to allow change to happen to the code without change control either because of user requests or because of their own desire to do something more interesting. The lack of change control creates ripple effects which combine with other changes to become the tsunami which overturns the proverbial project boat. They do this not from a desire to intentionally sink the project but instead because they do not fully comprehend the impact of these small changes. How we learn Before you set off to buy a bookshelf full of the latest books in software development and a collection of the classics, you may want to pause. Reaching a level where every software developer reaches a relative level of “state of the art” through reading is unrealistic. Most people can’t fully understand what they’re reading without practical examples that they can apply quickly after reading it. Think back to every article you’ve read. Have you been able to implement the suggestions or guidelines from every article? Of course not! You can’t absorb everything you read. Our brains are not wired that way. While we each have different levels of being able to understand and integrate the material we read, no one is perfect in this respect. Humans learn best by experiential learning. That is, we learn best by experiencing the situation where we need the learning. Reading something is fine but the more involved we get with the idea the better our retention of it. When I defined “state of the art” above I indicated it was a theoretical state. It’s something that no one individual could ever meet. That is because of the experience based learning that we do as humans. It’s impractical to expect that a person has had experiences that would allow them to understand the best practices on every aspect of software development. For instance, the best practices for Web development, where multiple iterations and visual appearance are important, are completely different than best practices for embedded software where quality and reliability are important because updating embedded software is difficult. However, all is not lost. We do have the ability to move everyone closer to “state of the art” by encouraging focused reading and development in specialized areas and then allowing this information to be spread to the rest of the team through experience. That’s the positive side of teaching through experience, allowing individual team members to focus and leverage that learning throughout the entire team. It’s something that moves your team closer to “state of the art”. However, most organizations are unintentionally moving developers away from the “state of the art” by developing and reinforcing bad habits. Double Bad In most organizations there are the basic processes. There’s some sort of a requirements gathering process. There’s typically some sort of a design phase. Some folks, particularly those who’ve used universal process (UP), Rational Unified Process (RUP), or some agile methodologies may know these by other names such as elicitation and investigation. Although they are typically much shorter in duration, they perform the same fundamental purpose–to understand the problem enough and to create a structure for a solution. Most organizations also have some form of documentation, no matter how minimal. It might be a “project charter”-like email from the executive sponsor, a request database, or some other form of information repository but it typically exists. The challenge is, however, that many organizations skip these steps in the process, bypass documentation, and proceed headlong into development. Everyone instinctively knows that this is a bad idea. There’s a mountain of evidence that the “code and fix” methodology (if it can be called that) doesn’t work. However, when pressed for time we eliminate the time reserved for elicitation and investigation. What does this teach software developers on the project? It teaches them that these practices are not essential (In Fred Brook‘s words, accidental) to the development of software. Nothing is further from the truth; however, it is the message that is conveyed. It’s clear that these steps and the associated documentation can be skipped when speed dictates. Ignoring for the moment the probable consequences of this course of action, this has a second order effect. Developers begin to think that some of the work that they’re doing (elicitation and investigation) are really the organization just making them do busy work. Instead of being seen as a technique for making software development projects successful, they are now a burden levied upon the developer. With a four year old in my home, I’m painfully aware of how few times I have to do (or say) something for it to be repeated. It reinforces my resolve that it is never acceptable to eliminate or scrimp on elicitation, investigation, or documentation. I know what skipping or undercutting these activities even a few times will mean in terms of the long term retraining that will have to be done. (If you have a child, think about what happens when they’ve been a grandma and grandpa’s house for a few days.) That is not to say that elicitation must be a document heavy three month process–it does, however, mean that the goal of understanding all of the requirements for the current iteration or phase as good as is practical must be met. It means that you shouldn’t relent if there’s a critical portion of the solution, which is both essential to the operation and needed for the current iteration, which remains nebulous after the time for elicitation has been exceeded. Lagging Most software developers are lagging behind the “state of the art” due in part to the lack of time for training, the need for more experience, but most painfully because we are teaching software developers that parts of the process (no matter what methodology you subscribe to) are accidental–and are therefore not essential to the success of the project. Protecting the minimalist implementation of the process is essential to continuing to support the professional development of software developers.	https://www.tech2all.com/2006/02/08/what-are-you-teaching-your-software-developers/
A career in telecommunications research would suit you if you're analytical and keen to develop new technologies in telephony, television and the internet As a telecommunications researcher, you'll develop knowledge and new technologies across the telecommunications sector. This covers a range of areas including satellite technology, broadband, smart phones and the peripherals relevant to these products. Your role is about expanding the capabilities of existing and new telecommunications products in what is a fast-growing and advancing industry. You may carry out research in many areas, including the use of wireless technologies, computer chips, semiconductors, satellite equipment, fibre optics and radio frequencies. Employers include commercial companies, such as the main mobile network and smart phone providers, as well as academic employers. As a researcher, you'll be expected to publish and communicate your findings so they can be used within the industry. Responsibilities Specific tasks will vary depending on whether you work within an academic or commercial environment. However, you'll typically need to: - analyse a problem as part of academic research or as part of solution designing for a company's portfolio of services - identify solutions and interpret results by applying established research methods, by learning and adapting new methods, and by using analytical tools and mathematical and statistical models - conduct field work, interviews, laboratory experimentation, critical evaluation and interpretation - carry out computer-based data analysis and evaluation using software such as MATLAB or OPNET - conduct numerical simulations or library research - work collaboratively with colleagues, across teams and with partners worldwide and across industry - analyse results and data and draw conclusions from them - write up original research for publication or for presentation at conferences - present findings at group and departmental meetings, to design and development teams, collaborative partners, or senior management - draw up research proposals and funding applications - read articles and papers about specific areas of interest in order to keep up to date with technical, scientific and theoretical advancements in your field - attend conferences, training seminars and specialised courses - in academic posts, lecturing and supervising student projects. Salary - Starting salaries for telecommunications researchers in academia range from £16,000 to £20,000. - With substantial experience and working at a senior level, salaries can rise to around £55,000. There is a national pay spine for jobs in universities - for details, see the University and College Union (UCU). - Starting salaries for researchers in industry are in the region of £20,000 to £30,000. This will increase with experience, reaching £60,000 or more. Salaries vary according to whether you work in the private sector or within academia. Salaries tend to be higher with commercial companies in the private sector. Securing a higher salary usually involves taking on additional responsibilities including management, teaching and supervisory activities. Where salary is dependent upon securing project funding there may be conditions attached, which may include nationality restrictions and meeting deadlines. Income figures are intended as a guide only. Working hours Working hours are usually within traditional office hours. Evening or weekend work is rare, although you may have to work longer hours to meet research and project deadlines or when attending conferences. What to expect - The majority of telecommunications researchers work in offices or laboratories. Exact work locations depend on the nature of your research and facilities available. - Due to the way in which research is funded, many posts, particularly in academia, are offered as fixed-term contracts. Competition for the permanent roles that do exist is therefore fierce. - Jobs are based throughout the UK, although there may be more around university towns or industrial areas. - Overseas travel is possible, especially if you work in the commercial sector. Many of the companies involved have their headquarters in other countries but maintain their research facilities in the UK. - Many universities work in partnership with overseas businesses or universities, but this varies depending on the organisation and the projects undertaken. Opportunities to travel overseas to attend conferences, either as a delegate or to present a paper, are available. Qualifications You'll need at least an undergraduate degree in a subject such as: - computer science - electrical or electronic engineering - information technology - mathematics or statistics - physical sciences - telecommunications. Entry without a degree or HND is unlikely. Within industry it may be possible to enter a research role with significant technical work experience rather than higher telecommunications qualifications, although this is not common. Some roles, particularly those in academia, require a relevant applied MSc or PhD. This can also help future career development. Find out about available funding and studentships for postgraduate study at the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC). Search postgraduate courses in telecommunications engineering. Skills You'll need to have: - excellent technical understanding - an aptitude for mathematics and statistics - highly developed IT skills - strong written and spoken communication skills - practical technical and research skills - problem-solving and analytical skills - attention to detail - creativity and the ability to use initiative - excellent project management and organisational skills - presentation skills, to present ideas and findings to peers, colleagues and clients - the ability to work effectively both in a multidisciplinary team and independently, with minimum supervision - drive, patience, enthusiasm and self-motivation - commercial acumen and an awareness of the business value of work undertaken. Work experience Experience of research, either as vacation work or as an industrial placement, will give you an advantage when applying for jobs. In addition, any work experience that provides you with some of the skills listed above will be useful. Find out more about the different kinds of work experience and internships that are available. Employers Telecommunications researchers work in the many different fields that make up the industry. Employers include: - cable, satellite and digital television companies - mobile and land line telephone manufacturers - mobile phone operators - organisations involved in deep space communications - power transmission firms - rail signal engineering companies - security companies - telephone and broadband network providers. A large proportion of telecommunication researchers are employed by universities and their research is funded by collaborative partners, which may be commercial companies, government departments or research councils. A number of small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) also offer opportunities. Some larger organisations work with smaller companies that specialise in particular technical areas. It may be worthwhile making speculative applications, especially if you have expertise in a specialist or niche area. A list of relevant member companies ranging from SMEs to multinationals, including telecommunications employers, is available from techUK. Search for job vacancies at: Vacancies are also available on the recruitment pages of major telecommunications company websites. Recruitment agencies increasingly handle vacancies at all levels, particularly for jobs in industry and the commercial sector. Consider contacting higher education institutions that have dedicated specialised departments working in telecommunications research. Professional development If you work in the private sector, you'll usually follow a structured training programme. This may include an induction period as well as a mentoring scheme. You'll learn on the job and will usually be supervised by a more senior member of the team. It may be possible to study for a Masters or PhD while working, if you don't already have one. Employers are usually happy to support relevant further study and some will also help with funding. A PhD typically takes three to four years of full-time study, while a part-time PhD can take significantly longer. One-to-one guidance and support is available throughout the PhD programme from a supervisor, who would usually be an experienced researcher in the field of study. As a telecommunications researcher, it's vital to keep up to date with advances in the field and you need to maintain a high level of continuing professional development (CPD). This can take the form of attending national and international conferences where you will often be expected to present at such events yourself. Relevant publications, news items and events that help to keep you informed of developments in the industry are available through organisations such as the EPSRC. If teaching and lecturing are part of the role, you'll usually receive training for these responsibilities. Some researchers choose to study for a postgraduate qualification in teaching in higher education. Career prospects Career structure varies depending on whether you're working within an academic or industrial setting. Generally, however, advancement is dependent on achieving research goals. In academic research, a PhD is usually followed by short-term postdoctoral research contracts of up to three years. These contracts depend on the funding available and may be in partnership with commercial organisations or government departments. Academic promotion usually depends on research achievement, which is measured by the quality and quantity of original papers published, conferences presented to and success in attracting funding. Progress may then be to managerial or lecturing posts and eventually to professor-level posts. Permanent research posts without any administrative or teaching responsibilities are rare. Within the telecommunications industry, promotion lies in gaining experience of a range of projects, developing expertise and contacts, and taking on greater responsibilities. You'll need to manage larger and higher-profile projects and supervise other members of staff. There may be the chance to move into training and staff development. There are opportunities for self-employment once you've established yourself in a technical specialism and have developed a network of contacts. This usually involves working on one idea and taking it through to development and testing before selling it. This isn't usually possible without substantial experience.	https://www.prospects.ac.uk/job-profiles/telecommunications-researcher
California Professional Firefighters (CPF “we” or “us”) is committed to protecting your privacy. This privacy statement explains data collection and use practices of the online Personal Exposure Reporting System (PER Online) site (the “Site”), operated under Firefighter Research and Education, hosted by CPF; it does not apply to other online or offline sites hosted by CPF, products or services. By accessing the Site, you are consenting to the information collection and use practices described in this privacy statement. - COLLECTING YOUR PERSONAL INFORMATION The purpose of PER is to provide secure, confidential documentation of occupational exposures to chemicals, compounds and bio-hazards. Personal information collected is that which is required to fulfill this purpose. We will ask you when we need information that personally identifies you and allows us to link all of your exposure records to you. 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Writing to: PEROnline 1780 Creekside Oaks Dr. Sacramento, CA 95833 - SECURITY OF YOUR PERSONAL INFORMATION To be sure your personal information is secure, we communicate this policy to all our employees and strictly enforce privacy safeguards within the organization and affiliated organizations, i.e., California Fire Fighter Joint Apprenticeship Committee, Fire Star Productions, and Firefighters Print and Design. We limit access to personal information and your exposure reports to employees who we believe reasonably need to come into contact with that information to provide services to you. in order to do their jobs. We are committed to protecting the security of your personal information. We use a variety of security technologies and procedures to help protect your personal information from unauthorized access, use, or disclosure. For example, we store the personal information you provide on computer servers with limited access that are located in controlled facilities. Additionally, if we transmit sensitive personal information (such as a credit card number) over the Internet, we protect it through the use of encryption, such as the Secure Socket Layer (SSL) protocol. - COOKIES - CHANGES TO THIS PRIVACY STATEMENT We may occasionally update this privacy statement. When we do, we will also revise the "last updated" date at the top of the privacy statement. For material changes to this privacy statement, we will notify you either by placing a prominent notice on the home page of our web site or by directly sending you a notification. We encourage you to periodically review this privacy statement to stay informed about how we are helping to protect the personal information we collect. Your continued use of the service constitutes your agreement to this privacy statement and any updates.	https://www.peronline.org/accounts/signup/
It is important to recognise the need for competent authorities to receive complete information about the purpose, structure and organisation of multilateral trading facilities (MTFs) and organised trading facilities (OTFs) that they will be required to supervise in order to ensure the efficient and orderly functioning of financial markets. That information should build upon the information an investment firm or market operator would be required to provide as part of the general authorisation requirements under Directive 2014/65/EU. It should focus upon the specific functionality of the trading system so as to enable competent authorities to assess whether the system satisfies the definition of an MTF or OTF and to assess its compliance with the particular, venue-orientated requirements of Directive 2014/65/EU and Regulation (EU) No 600/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council (2). The requirement for a detailed description should not affect the duty of an investment firm or market operator to provide other information to its competent authority as required under Directive 2014/65/EU and Regulation (EU) No 600/2014, or the rights of competent authorities to request other information as part of their on-going supervision of trading venues. The information received by competent authorities should ensure collecting detailed descriptions of the functioning of the MTF or OTF under Directive 2014/65/EU in a uniform manner, and achieve an efficient processing of information for existing MTFs already operating in accordance with a national authorisation at the point in time when the requirement of submitting a detailed description comes into force. Since SME growth markets are distinguished from other MTFs in that they are subject to additional rules under Directive 2014/65/EU, it is necessary that SME growth markets provide additional information. Since OTFs are distinguished from MTFs in that the trading process may involve the use of discretionary rules by the operator and because the operator of an OTF will owe responsibilities to users of the system, OTFs should provide additional information. To ensure efficient processing, the information required should be provided in electronic format. To facilitate the publication by the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) of the list of all MTFs and OTFs in the Union accompanied by information on the services they provide and the unique code identifying them, a standard template for that information should be used. Any personal data provided under this Regulation should be for specified, explicit and legitimate purposes and not further processed in a way incompatible with those purposes. In accordance with Article 6 of Directive 95/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (3) any personal data should be retained for no longer than necessary for the purpose of the exercising the supervisory function, and a maximum period of retention should be indicated. This Regulation is based on the draft implementing technical standards submitted by ESMA to the Commission. ‘asset classes’ means the categories of financial instruments as set out in Section C of Annex I to Directive 2014/65/EU. a list of the members or participants of the MTF or OTF which it operates. a description explaining how the trading system satisfies each element of the definition of an MTF or an OTF. 3. A relevant operator shall provide its competent authority with information on how and in what instances the operation of the MTF or OTF will give rise to any potential conflicts between the interests of the MTF or OTF, its operator or its owners and the sound functioning of the MTF or OTF. The relevant operator shall specify the procedures and arrangements to comply with the requirements set out in Article 18(4) of Directive 2014/65/EU. the contractual agreement between the relevant operator and the entity providing the outsourced service in which the nature, scope, objectives, and service level agreements are outlined. 5. A relevant operator shall provide its competent authority with information on any links to or participation by a regulated market, MTF, OTF or systematic internaliser owned by the same relevant operator. having regard to the nature and extent of the transactions concluded on the market and the range and degree of the risks to which the operator is exposed, a description of the financial resources considered sufficient to facilitate its orderly functioning. to demonstrate compliance with obligations under Directive 2014/65/EU and Regulation (EU) No 600/2014 that did not apply to the MTF prior to the application of this Regulation. In the case of a relevant operator which is applying for registration of an MTF as an SME growth market, that operator shall ensure that the information provided under Articles 2 and 3 clearly identifies which functionalities or arrangements are applicable to the SME growth market. the rules and procedures to ensure compliance with Articles 24, 25, 27 and 28 of Directive 2014/65/EU for transactions concluded on the OTF where those rules are applicable to the relevant operator in relation to an OTF user. Where a relevant operator of an MTF or OTF applies different rules to different asset classes, it shall provide the information required by this Regulation for each of those asset classes separately. 1. A relevant operator shall provide its competent authority with a description of any material changes to the information previously submitted in accordance with this Regulation which would be relevant to an assessment of that operator's compliance with Directive 2014/65/EU and Regulation (EU) No 600/2014. 2. Where a relevant operator sends new information to its competent authority to correct, update or clarify information previously submitted in accordance with this Regulation, it does not need to include information which is of a purely minor or technical nature that would not be relevant to an assessment of its compliance with Directive 2014/65/EU or Regulation (EU) No 600/2014. 3. An investment firm or market operator authorised to operate an MTF under Directive 2004/39/EC which is operating at the date of application of this Regulation shall, in addition to paragraph 1 of this Article, provide its competent authority with a description of any material changes to the information previously submitted to the competent authority in respect of that MTF under that Directive. 1. Where the relevant operator provides the competent authority with the description of the functioning of the MTF or OTF it operates as set out under this Regulation, the relevant operator shall include clear references in its submission which satisfy the requirements of the template set out in Table 1 of the Annex. 2. In providing the information required by this Regulation, a relevant operator shall include references to the appropriate provisions of the rules of its MTF or OTF, agreements or contracts with participants or relevant third parties and internal procedures and policies. 3. A relevant operator shall provide the information required by this Regulation to its competent authority in an electronic format. submit that information in the format set out in Table 1 of the Annex. 5. Where the description is provided in the context of an authorisation request, an entity requesting authorisation to provide more than one service at the same time shall submit one application clearly identifying the services to which the information provided applies. When the same document is to be considered as part of several authorisation requests, for the purpose of providing the information in the format set out in Table 1 of the Annex, the same reference number shall be used when submitting the same document for several applications. A competent authority shall notify ESMA of the authorisation of a relevant operator as an MTF or an OTF in electronic format and in the format set out in Table 2 of the Annex. It shall apply from the date that appears in the second subparagraph of Article 93(1) of Directive 2014/65/EU.	https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2016.137.01.0010.01.ENG&toc=OJ:L:2016:137:TOC
Chance—This strand of mathematics treats understanding how probable it is that events will occur or recur. Data collection, representation and distribution—Information can be collected and displayed to make it more easily understood. Various measures can be used to analyze data, each being more appropriate for some purposes than others. Equivalence—There are many ways to express one quantity and students should be able to compare expressions and determine whether equivalence exists. If not, they should know which represents more. Very closely related is the concept of the equal sign. Quantities on two sides of an equal sign must be equivalent. Estimation—This is a legitimate skill that relies on a good understanding of numbers, number systems and operations. Estimation helps students decide whether their solutions are reasonable. Functions and relations—If a quantity changes in a regular way (e.g., always +5), the change is a linear function. If the changing quantity is graphed, it creates a straight line. If all the changes are not the same, the graphed line is not straight. Measurement—This allows precise description and construction of both physical objects and abstract ideas such as time. It plays a large role in everyday life. Numbers—Students should understand the meaning of numbers, the quantities they stand for and be able to order real numbers on a number line. They develop number sense through counting, using benchmarks, doing mental math and being able to make reasonable estimates. Operation meanings and relationships—Different expressions or numbers can express the same situation; one expression can represent different situations. Meanings of operations remain the same regardless of the numbers involved. Sometimes different operations can be used to solve the same problem. For example, Jimmy has 12 crayons now. He gave away some but had 15 earlier. How many crayons did he give away? Children can think 15-12 or add 12 + ? = 15. Patterns—Patterns can be described, generalized and used to make predictions. Pattern recognition is often a clue for solving problems. Ratio and Proportion—Ratio is the relationship between two quantities (1 kit for every 4 students). If the relationship remains constant as the number of students (or kits) increases the relationship is proportional. Two equivalent ratios create a proportion. Rational numbers are points on the number line—These numbers acquire meaning in the context of what they refer to: 1/4 inch or 1/4 of the crowd? 0.8 of a meter or 0.8 of a dollar? The effects of multiplication and division are different when fractions and decimals between zero and 1 are used. Shapes and solids—These are used to describe physical aspects of the environment. Changing position or orientation does not change a shape. But shapes, like numbers, can be decomposed, recomposed or completed to enable problems to be solved. Solving word problems—To solve word problems, students must understand what is happening in a situation and not simply look for one or two words that are supposed to tell them what to do. Some relationships are always true—Understanding them can help people navigate new situations. Generalizing those relationships creates algebraic expressions. Variables are an underlying foundation of algebra—Situations can be described mathematically without using numbers with a variable representing a range of possible numbers. For example, no matter how many squares you place end to end, if the side of a square is “1,” the perimeter will always be two times the number of squares (top and bottom) plus 2 (ends), so we can say p = n + 2 and find the perimeter for any number of squares easily.	https://www.aft.org/education/igniting-fire/project-examples-resources-and-websites/mathematics-glossary
As one among its three core competencies in ethics, entrepreneurship, and sustainable enterprise practices, the College of Wyoming Faculty of Business launched its current Enterprise Ethics program in 2005 below the guidance of ProfessorsC. We are going to therefore be publishing a sequence of mini-surveys/polls and in due course extra substantial surveys – some permanent, others topical – to construct up first hand information on what people suppose on a spread of corporate governance associated points. Consider the case of Wholesome Buildings International (HBI), an unbiased constructing inspection enterprise. Unfortunately, social duty and ethics are often not practiced by American corporations outdoors of U.S. borders, which makes regulation tough. The course starts with an introduction on the backgrounds of the modern debate about ethics and economics (the Adam Smith Drawback) and on the relation between Christian thinking and financial developments (cf. Finally, I will share how one can increase your success in ethics by way of leading by instance, and how you can spot potential ethics violations, earlier than they do vital hurt to what you are promoting. A complication for the debate about whether to use dwelling nation standards in host international locations is that multinational companies interact in business throughout national boundaries in several ways. Businesses have developed a system of social responsibility that’s tailored to their firm environment. Enterprise ethics has something to carry to the get together, and Donaldson in is writing and service, has shown how to do that very well. There are strong grounds to argue that this approach to researching moral points in enterprise is still of highest relevance in the present day. In the case of three exam questions every question counts for one third of the factors. A number of business ethicists have sought to determine the implications of Rawls’s (1971) justice as fairness—the dominant idea of justice in the English-speaking world—for business. Due to this fact, all staff should concentrate on and act in full accordance with policies and procedures (that is true, whether policies and procedures are for ethics applications or personnel management). Zicklin Heart for Enterprise Ethics Analysis , at The Wharton School (University of Pennsylvania). Company social responsibility, or CSR, is just not the only term that business ethicists use to describe actions like Merck’s. There’s a complete separate debate, of course, on which macro-financial system works greatest to ship good company ethics and governance – particularly at the moment after what some would argue as a failure within the capitalist mannequin (no matter your views it’s clearly undergoing essentially the most vital trauma for nearly a century).	http://www.runescapegoldsafe.com/what-are-enterprise-ethics-meaning-definition-features.html
Redbridge Palliative Care Team Redbridge Palliative Care Team work closely with health and social care professionals working in primary care such as GPs, district nurses and social workers. We provide specialist knowledge and advice to support patients who have progressive and life limiting conditions. This may include holistic assessment, complex symptom management, psychological support and advice on maximising quality of life. We also support those who may be caring for a family member with a life limiting condition, offering advice and information on the other services that are available. Not all patients with a progressive, life threatening illness will require intervention from the specialist palliative care team. Different levels of support are offered which include telephone advice and one off assessments to support other professionals in a patient's management. Some patients may require several visits to manage problems and when stable will be discharged; others, who have more complex problems, will require on-going support. The primary healthcare team, which includes the GP and the district nursing service, will remain the primary point of contact for all patients. Our service supports and promotes good end of life care across NELFT and in nursing homes within Redbridge. We support training for the primary healthcare teams which enables them to build on their knowledge, skill, and confidence in providing palliative care. Patient information Contact our service in Redbridge Redbridge specialist palliative care team HASS Seven Kings Aldborough Road North Ilford IG2 7SR Tel: 0300 300 1901 Fax: 0208 430 8466 Email: [email protected] Opening times: Monday to Sunday, 9am-5pm Referrals Referrals will be accepted from GPs and health professionals using the service referral form emailed or faxed directly to service.	https://www.nelft.nhs.uk/services-redbridge-macmillan-palliative-care
And if we want to be effective in our influence, we must evaluate our actions as nearly as we can to their views also. With the expanding global economy, there is a shift towards increased business interactions. All of us develop a behavioural negotiation strategy within our normal environment. The culturally educated negotiator is better positioned to evaluate the risk profiles, expectations, and beliefs that can help avert conflicts. Beyond these generalizations is a great deal of complexity. Cross-Cultural Negotiations It is difficult to track the myriad starting points used by negotiators from different national settings, especially as cultures are in constant flux, and context influences behavior in multiple ways. Negotiators from polychronic cultures tend to start and end meetings at flexible times, take breaks when it seems appropriate, be comfortable with a high flow of information, expect to read each others' thoughts and minds, sometimes overlap talk, view start times as flexible and not take lateness personally. Positive techniques are vital to achieving winning results and relationships that make agreements valuable for all the parties in an agreement. Any generalization will apply to some members of a group some of the time. These conflicts only get amplified if the interacting parties are from different cultural backgrounds. Phatak and Habib observed that most of the international business negotiations could not fulfill their potential expectations because of cultural faux pas, and in order to succeed, the international business negotiators have to be well versed in the cultural nuances and unspoken language of the party at the other end of the table. In a negotiation, however, we are dealing with people that always have another system of values. Whatever the result of course at least we must attain our objectivesif we end up with a good relationship it means that we used positive influence. Using negative influencing tactics can bring us the desired results, but we have to be cognisant of the consequences. If you want to answer, "Actually, it depends," you are among the majority, for most of us resist easy categorization and broad classifications. Japanese people also tend toward this end of the time continuum. Asian, indigenous American, Canadian, and U. Negotiators may find it useful to consider the way gender roles play out in the cultural contexts of their negotiating partners. According to Metcalf et al. We know we are using influence in a positive manner when we prepare well for a negotiation. At the same time, it can be useful to back up and attempt to see ourselves and others from a distance so that the patterns and habits that define what is "normal" in negotiation can be examined for what they are: As the businesses expand globally, so do the conflicts between the interacting parties. They may prefer to converse while sitting side by side. A study conducted by Brett and Okumura indicated that intracultural negotiators had better outcomes than the intercultural negotiators, who lacked in understanding of priorities of the other party. In the Mediterranean, it is common to see men holding hands or touching in public, but not women. When we behave as other people expect us to behave or when they agree to the appropriateness of our actions or motives, we are employing positive influencing techniques. A better understanding of the intercultural differences helps to gain a better insight into the cultural aspects of the negotiating styles and thus achieve a mutually acceptable solution by avoiding unnecessary cross-interactions. Cultures with strong ncertainty avoidance have low risk taking capabilities. For the Chinese, these arrangements may lead them to feel alienated and uneasy. These conflicts only get amplified if the interacting parties are from different cultural background. In Northern European countries, personal space is much larger than in Southern European countries. Negotiators from these countries are more tolerant of democratic and organizational hierarchies. There are long debates about ethics and morals in negotiation. In these cultures, there tend to be more rigid gender roles and "live to work" orientations. When negotiating, understanding the values of the parties involved goes a long way in striking a winning deal. If we are afraid, we will try to protect ourselves, if we are angry we want to attack and if we are uncertain we will avoid. The secret to effective negotiations, therefore, is in understanding others as well as ourselves so that we can employ positive influences in our negotiations.This research paper endeavors to study the impact of Hofstede’s dimensions of national culture on negotiating styles for productive and successful business interactions. Importance of Effective Cross-cultural Negotiations Negotiation is a significant part of business transactions. Negotiating styles, like personalities, have a wide range of variation. The ten negotiating traits discussed above can be placed on a spectrum or continuum, as illustrated in the chart below. Some of these differences are discussed in the other Beyond Intractability essays regarding culture and conflict resolution (See Culture and Conflict Resolution, Cultural and Worldview Frames, Cross-Cultural Communication, and/or Communication Tools for Understanding Cultural Differences). This essay concludes with negotiating styles associated. May 03, · Positive & Negative Impact Influences on Negotiation Results Summary Learn the difference between a positive and negative negotiation influences, examines the various actions that impact our negotiating techniques and business results/5(2). Culture and Negotiation offers a unique contribution by focusing on the distinctive impact of culture, both in creating unexpected opportunities for dispute settlement and in imposing obstacle to agreement.	https://nemuxag.kitaharayukio-arioso.com/impact-of-culture-on-negotiating-styles-22747zo.html
How does the immune system work? The immune system has two main components: white blood cells and antibodies circulating in the blood. The antigen-antibody reaction forms the basis for this immunity: When an antigen (antibody generator)—a harmful bacterium, virus, fungus, parasite, or other foreign substance—invades the body, a specific antibody is generated to attack the antigen. The antibody is produced by B lymphocytes (B cells) in the spleen or lymph nodes. An antibody may either destroy the antigen directly or it may “label” it so that a white blood cell (called a macrophage or scavenger cell) can engulf the foreign intruder. After a human has been exposed to an antigen, a later exposure to the same antigen will produce a faster immune system reaction, and thus, the necessary antibodies will be produced more rapidly and in larger amounts. Artificial immunization (such as the vaccine for polio) uses this antigen-antibody reaction to protect the human body from certain diseases by exposing the body to a safe dose of antigen to produce effective antibodies as well as a “readiness” for any future attacks of the harmful antigen.	https://www.papertrell.com/apps/preview/The-Handy-Biology-Answer-Book/Handy%20Answer%20book/How-does-the-immune-system-work/001137031/content/SC/52cb019c82fad14abfa5c2e0_Default.html
Weather concerns? Check My Amherst on the day of the event for delay or closure announcements. Practice is the key to success in the consulting interview. Consulting interviews include fit and behavior questions, market sizing questions and the case interview. If you are searching for a consulting internship or full-time position this fall, you need to practice. The mock interview is a great way to gain an understanding of your strengths and areas to improve. Members of the class of 2019 who have successfully interviewed and landed full-time positions at consulting firms will be hosting 1-hour mock interviews all day in the Loeb Center. Each interview will consist of a 45 minute fit/behavior + technical interview followed by a 15 minute feedback session, and will begin on the hour at 9, 10, and 11 a.m. and 1, 2, 3, and 4 p.m. Spaces are limited, so you should RSVP as soon as possible. Registration closes at 11:55 p.m. on Wednesday, September 12. Upon registering for the event, you will be redirected to a survey where you can indicate your first three time preferences. You will receive an email from Stephanie Hockman within 48 hours of the mock interviews with confirmation of your assigned time. You should plan to participate as if this is a real interview (dress, preparation, resumes in hand, etc).	https://www.amherst.edu/news/calendar?f%5B0%5D=sm_field_mm_college_event_type%3Ainfosess&f%5B1%5D=sm_field_mm_college_event_type%3Alec&mini=2018-09&mm_calendar=list/2018-09-16
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Academic Editors: Jianbo Wan and Ligen Lin Molecules 2018, 23(9), 2220; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23092220 Received: 20 July 2018 / Revised: 24 August 2018 / Accepted: 26 August 2018 / Published: 1 September 2018 (This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Products in Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome) In recent years, the incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes has increased largely worldwide. In the present work, we evaluated the genoprotective effect of the consumption of flavonoids-rich chocolate on 84 young volunteers. Biochemical indicators related to the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular risk and metabolic syndrome were also determined. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study was performed in the Autonomous University of Baja California. The treatments comprised the daily consumption of either 2 g of dark chocolate containing 70% cocoa, or 2 g of milk chocolate, for 6 months. The total amount of phenolic compounds and flavonoids was determined in both types of chocolate. Anthropometrical and Biochemical parameters were recorded prior to and after the study. The evaluation of the genotoxicity in buccal epithelial cells was performed throughout the duration of the study. Flavonoids from cocoa in dark chocolate significantly prevented DNA damage, and improved the nucleus integrity of cells. This effect could be related to the antioxidant capacity of the dark chocolate that decreased cellular stress. Biochemical parameters (total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-cholesterol level in blood) and anthropometrical parameters (waist circumference) were improved after six months of daily intake of 2 g of dark chocolate with a 70% of cocoa.	https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/9/2220/htm
In September, California’s Renewable Energy Transmission Initiative (RETI) released their Phase 2A report, which outlined potential transmission corridors to collect renewable energy from Competitive Renewable Energy Zones (CREZ) that had been identified in previous phases. As part of Phase 2A, they also screened each CREZ for environmental impact, and the potential difficulty of obtaining land for renewable energy development. I previously looked at the results from Phase 1A and gained some insight into the cost of renewable energy technologies. However, what renewable energy projects actually get built has to do with a lot more than just economics. If it raises too many environmental concerns, such as infringing on endangered Mojave Ground Squirrel habitat, it isn’t going to get built. Drawing on the spreadsheet "Supplemental Materials, CREZ Data" I put together the following charts, graphing the economics of each type of renewable energy in each CREZ against the expected environmental impact of that CREZ. Each circle represents one type of renewable energy at one of 35 CREZs. Concentric circles in different colors appear where a single CREZ offers multiple types of renewable energy development. The only difference between the two graphs is the size of the circles. In the first graph, circle sizes represent the potential annual energy production (GWh/yr) of a CREZ, while circle sizes in the second shows power rating (MW.) Geothermal and Biomass resources are relatively larger in the first graph because these are typically baseload technologies generating electricity near peak capacity all the time, while solar and wind are variable. The cluster of circles in the middle right represent resources outside California: they were not rated for environmental concerns, so I assigned them an arbitrary value in the middle of the range in order to display them on the charts. Economic/Environmental Tradeoff? I found it surprising that there is little evidence of a tradeoff between economic viability of CREZ’s and environmental impact. In fact, the circles in the graphs above are generally clustered along a line from the lower left (high environmental impact, bad economics) to the upper right (little environmental impact, good economics). A tradeoff between economic viability and environmental concerns would manifest itself in a clustering along a line from the upper left (bad economics, little environmental impact) to the lower right (good economics, large environmental impact.) Considering these four major renewable energy technologies, as they might be deployed in California, there is no real tradeoff between economics and the environment. The best economics coincide with the least environmental impact. If we were to include energy efficiency in the analysis, the trend would be even more pronounced: energy efficiency has the best economic profile of all, yet avoids the use of energy and hence does less harm to the environment. The exception here is biomass. The small green dots don’t show a pronounced trend in any direction, meaning that there may be some tradeoff for biomass. Such a tradeoff would not be surprising, because harvesting plant matter on a large scale is bound to have significant ecosystem impacts. Note that Biomass here does not include such technologies as waste to energy, which can be environmentally benign, or even an improvement compared to land filling. In this study, the biomass in remote regions that do not yet have transmission, since lack of sufficient transmission was one of the requirements to be a CREZ. With clean energy, it may actually be possible to do well while doing good.
The US has announced it is easing sanctions on Iran, allowing exports of computers, cellphones and software to individuals. The move comes ahead of presidential election to be held next month. Though the chances of an Apple Store being opened in Tehran are still slim, Iranians might soon be able to buy American computer devices and cellphones officially and not at the black market, as they have been forced to do by US restrictions, in force since 1992. As for Iranians living in US, they can finally feel free to buy whatever gadgets they like - something they used to be denied, with shops citing American sanctions. The US Department of the Treasury says it is lifting the ban to enhance freedom of speech. “The people of Iran should be able to communicate and access information without being subject to reprisals by their government,” the department’s statement reads. It specifies the sanctions will no longer apply only for non-government, individual consumers. The move is meant to give Iranians greater access to social media and instant messaging tools, allowing them to avoid at least some of the government controls on the internet. The decision is made two weeks before the coming presidential election, recalling the impact of the Arab Spring. Back in 2011 regime protests were gathered as a result of activists being able to communicate and coordinate their actions through social media sites like Facebook and Twitter. Iran witnessed something similar in 2009, when President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad’s reelection led to massive protests by the opposition Green Movement, which also used social media extensively to summon crowds to anti-government demonstrations. US-based human rights group, the National Iranian American Council (NIAC), hailed Washington’s decision, explaining the sanctions harmed common Iranians more than the government. “At a time when broad sanctions are causing many Iranians to seriously question whether the US is aiming at them or their government, this is a very important gesture,” said Jamal Abdi, NIAC Policy Director. The analyst is questioning the US’s sincerity in its efforts to enhance freedoms for common Iranians, as he points at how selective Washington’s attempts at bringing democratic reforms to Arab countries have been so far. “In truth, Western regimes are against the Awakening or Spring that we see in Arab countries, because they do not want the will of the people to be reflected in the policies of the governments of the region. That is why they supported the Tunisian and Egyptian dictatorships until they were on the verge of being overthrown and that is why they support the Saudi occupation of Bahrain. That is also why the US, Britain, and France, have allowed the oil rich dictatorships of the Persian Gulf to heavily fund Takfiri Salafis across the region,” Marandi said.	https://www.rt.com/news/us-gadget-exports-iran-040/
We expect the best from our brothers, in every aspect of their life. Whether that’s exceeding our 2.50 GPA requirement, volunteering during their free time or taking on leadership positions both within the fraternity and outside of it, our brothers go above and beyond. Integrity We expect our brothers to live their lives with integrity and honor. We don’t believe in taking shortcuts on our Journey and we subscribe to the belief that the right thing to do isn’t always the easiest thing to do. Diversity Because our organization was founded out of oppression, we strongly value diversity in our organization. Whether it’s socioeconomic status, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, gender expression, ability or religious views, we welcome everyone who is willing to subscribe to our values. Justice Although we do not live in an ideal world, our brothers work to challenge the status quo, both at Iowa State and around the world. We believe in building positive relationships with individuals and organizations in order to educate others about social justice. Service As an organization comprised mainly of groups oppressed by society, we believe in the value of helping those in need. We regularly participate in service projects, philanthropies and encourage our brothers to volunteer their time and talents to help others. Friendship Fraternity is defined as the state or feeling of friendship and mutual support within a group. We believe that through friendship we can accomplish anything. Our brothers build strong bonds with other brothers in our chapter and around the world. Delta Lambda Phi is a friend to all and we extend our hands in friendship to all we come across. Commitment Finally, we believe that brotherhood isn’t something you are just a part of during your time at Iowa State, but for the rest of your life. We strive to live out these values in our daily lives and we stand by each other in times of need. Once a brother, always a brother.	https://dlp.org/betalambda/our-values/
Welcome to Westbrooke Elementary School! I want to thank you for choosing Westbrooke Elementary. I am honored to be your principal to serve the Westbrooke students, teachers, parents and community. Our traditions of Pride and Excellence will keep us moving forward towards an academic rich environment where the social and emotional learning takes place. My goal is to ensure every student has a promising and successful future. The theme of the school year is "Our Story". Each one of us have a story to tell and create. Our teachers provide opportunities for learning and application of the concepts daily. want to thank you for your support during this school year. Thank you for your support, dedication and commitment in making Westbrooke Elementary successful as we persevere with PRIDE (Perseverance, Respect, Integrity, self-Discipline & Effort). We are proud of the hard work that our students and teachers produced to be academically successful. Our staff, community members, parents and school administrators will work together to be the top producers of successful students in the nation. We will continue collaborating to maintain the exemplary community involvement our school is known for and recognized through the Five Star Award. In addition, we will preserve the parent engagement recognized by the Golden School Award. We will keep working on ensuring a safe learning environment for all students. Sincerely, Alex Reyes Principal Parent Input Form Please complete the form to provide input regarding your child's classroom placement for next school year. Please complete a separate form for each of student. Completion of this form is not a requirement, but it is the only accepted means of communicating this information. Please note that specific teacher requests may not be able to be accommodated due to several factors, including class size restrictions, specific program placement, and/or teacher attrition or movement. Listing a teacher does not guarantee placement in that teacher's classroom. Grade level teams and administrators will meet and determine final classroom placement. This form will be available until May 13, 2022.	https://westbrookees.ocps.net/
Gordie Howe died Friday at the age of 88. Here is a compilation of quotes about the Hockey Hall of Famer: "Unfortunately we lost the greatest hockey player ever today, but more importantly the nicest man I have ever met. Sending our thoughts and prayers to the Howe family and to the millions of hockey fans who like me loved Gordie Howe. RIP Mr. Hockey." — Wayne Gretzky, via Twitter. — "It was very saddening to hear the news of Gordie’s passing this morning. He has been an icon not only in Detroit, but throughout the entire hockey world for as long as I can remember. As one of the greatest players to ever play in the NHL, the majority of his career being in Detroit, it was an honour to wear the same uniform, spend time with, laugh, joke and seek advice from him. Gordie’s humility and kindness left a permanent impression on me, greatly influencing how I tried to conduct myself throughout my career. "His impact on the Red Wings organization is still evident today. I travel the world and constantly hear stories from people who love the Wings and share memories of the glory days when Gordie and his teammates ruled the NHL." — Former Red Wings captain Steve Yzerman. — "All hockey fans grieve the loss of the incomparable Gordie Howe. A remarkable athlete whose mastery of our sport was reflected by the longevity of his career and by his nickname, ‘Mr. Hockey,’ Gordie’s commitment to winning was matched only by his commitment to his teammates, to his friends, to the Red Wings, to the city of Detroit and — above all — to his family … "Gordie’s greatness travels far beyond mere statistics; it echoes in the words of veneration spoken by countless players who joined him in the Hockey Hall of Fame and considered him their hero. "Gordie’s toughness as a competitor on the ice was equalled only by his humour and humility away from it. No sport could have hoped for a greater, more-beloved ambassador." — NHL commissioner Gary Bettman. — "He showcased the best of what Canadians like to think of ourselves as, highlighted both our national sport and our national identity on an international stage." — Prime Minister Justin Trudeau. — "He was built to be a hockey player. He was strong as an ox. He was mean as a rattlesnake and you treaded lightly when you came around him. He had a very heavy shot and a soft touch. Old school hockey. That was Gordie Howe." — Former Canadian hockey star Paul Henderson. — "Gordie really was the greatest hockey player who ever lived. I was fortunate to play with Gordie for 12 seasons with the Detroit Red Wings and I’ve known him for over 70 years. He could do it all in the game to help his team, both offensively and defensively. He earned everything that he accomplished on the ice. Gordie was larger than life, and he was someone who I thought would live forever." — Former teammate Ted Lindsay. — "He was one of the greatest players, if not the greatest, in the history of the National Hockey League and the greatest Red Wing of all time. He was a big power forward, one of the biggest players of his time, with as much skill and toughness as anybody who ever played. As a human being, he was incredible. He loved to be around people and to make them laugh. He was an incredible ambassador for the sport. This is a sad day for hockey." — Red Wings general manager Ken Holland. — "Gordie Howe was a true legend in every sense of the word, and we are proud that he and his sons are a part of our organization’s history. "I was lucky to have the opportunity to take the ice with him during my time in Hartford, and his impact on our sport is immeasurable. The Carolina Hurricanes organization sends its deepest condolences to the Howe family and everyone affected by his loss." — Ron Francis, executive vice-president and general manager of the Carolina Hurricanes, previously the Hartford Whalers of the WHA. — RIP MrHockey. In the few interactions I had with him, Gordie Howe was warm, kind and classy. My condolences to his family and â†•NHL nation. — Tennis star Billie Jean King, via Twitter. — "I never really had the opportunity to know Gordie but obviously the impact that he’s had on the hockey community I think goes without saying," Sullivan said Friday during a conference call. "He’s been a great ambassador for the game, he’s been such a great role model for all of us that have grown up with the game. Obviously, it’s sad news to hear of his passing." — Pittsburgh Penguins coach Mike Sullivan, whose team leads the San Jose Sharks 3-2 in the Stanley Cup final. — "Tragic day. To think that we lost Muhammad Ali and Gordie Howe in the same week or 10-day span is incredible. You talk about two guys that were torchbearers for their sport over the last century, that would be the name for hockey and the name for boxing." — San Jose Sharks coach Peter DeBoer. — "With the passing of Gordie Howe, the game of hockey has lost an icon. Gordie, or ‘Mr. Hockey’ as he was known to legions of fans, was a true legend who had an immense impact on the game, the Players who followed him and the fans who revered him. On behalf of the Players and staff of the NHLPA, we join Howe’s family, friends and fans on mourning his loss." — Don Fehr, executive director for the National Hockey League Players’ Association. — "Gordie Howe is a true legend who not only inspired so many people by his achievements on the ice, but to all of those who interacted with him throughout his life. He represented our game with great dignity and always had time for his legions of fans. On behalf of the Hockey Hall of Fame and all of our Honoured Members, I would like to extend heartfelt condolences to Mark, Marty and the entire Howe family, and to express our gratitude to Gordie for the treasured memories and legacy he is leaving behind for all to celebrate. Thank you ‘Mr. Hockey’." — Hockey Hall of Fame statement. — "First and foremost, Gordie was a great Canadian, and shared a passion for the game that inspired so many others to pursue their hockey dreams. Though he may have only officially represented Canada once on the ice in the ’74 Summit Series, Gordie was emblematic of our great country’s values and represented the Maple Leaf as an international sports icon throughout his career and life. He represented everything Canadians want in their sport heroes — toughness, humility, skill, and impact. I hold Gordie Howe amongst Canada’s greatest contributions to sport, and to our nation’s culture. He made us all proud to be Canadian." — Tom Renney, president and CEO, Hockey Canada. — "So many generations of players wanted to play like Gordie Howe. He was the ultimate professional hockey player." — former Flyers captain Bobby Clarke — "Everybody idolized him and looked up to him because of what he stood for. He was a tough guy. Things had to be taken care of, he could do that on the ice. He was so wonderful to people off the ice. He’s a credit to the game and a credit to life." — former Flyers defenceman Joe Watson. — "My second game ever, 19 years old, I lined up on the ice against Gordie Howe and I was like, ‘Man I’d love to get your autograph but I better keep my head up so I don’t get my nose broken."’ — former Flyers forward Bob Kelly. — "Players like that, they become legends. They become heroes. We became hockey players from watching these guys." — former Buffalo Sabres great Gilbert Perreault. — "To Mr. Hockey thanks for teaching us to be gracious and humble away from the rink. RIP The game will miss you." — former NHL forward Theo Fleury. — "Gordie Howe’s imprint on the city of Detroit, the state of Michigan and the game of hockey was generational and ever-lasting. While he was "Mr. Hockey" to the sports world, he was that and so much more to Detroiters and Michiganders. He was a true gentleman and an inspiration to so many. His legacy will undoubtedly live on forever." — Detroit Lions President Rod Wood. —— "To me, Gordie is a contradiction. I think anybody that followed his career knew that he was a fierce competitor and he was a tough hockey player. And yet he was a very gentle, kind soul off the ice. You just loved to be around him, he always had a twinkle in his eye, loved to chat and catch up. He was a pleasure to be around as a friend." — former Hartford Whalers owner Howard Baldwin. —— "You never knew when the end was. He kept going on and on and on. He was an amazing hockey player, lovely to watch. He played all those years and we packed every house that we came to. People just loved to watch him play." — former teammate Frank Mahovlich.	https://www.sportsnet.ca/hockey/nhl/compilation-quotes-late-gordie-howe/
The following report details the most recent updates to the H&E baseline estimates of insurance coverage, federal budgetary impact, plan choice, and the premium landscape of health insurance for Americans under the age of 65. The Center for Health and Economy (H&E) is dedicated to assessing the impact of proposed reforms that attempt to address these issues. KEY FINDINGS: - It is estimated that the individual market includes 14 million members in 2019, with 9 million lives covered through subsidized insurance offered in the Health Insurance Marketplace. The total size of the individual market is estimated to decline throughout the budget window—sinking to 10 million in 2028. - As premiums and health care costs rise, plans chosen in the individual market are expected to shift toward lower-cost options. Highly subsidized enrollment in Silver plans is projected to fade as a percentage of enrollment on the individual market, while enrollment in Catastrophic and Bronze plans grows among both subsidized and unsubsidized consumers. Catastrophic plan enrollment is expected to grow especially as the individual mandate penalty is set to zero beginning in 2019 and Short-Term Limited Duration Insurance (STLDI) plans become more available. - The health insurance coverage provisions under current law for the non-elderly are estimated to increase federal outlays by $5.18 trillion. INSURANCE COVERAGE H&E estimates there will be 246 million non-elderly U.S. residents with health insurance in 2019—90 percent of the total non-elderly population. Estimates of health insurance coverage encompass four primary categories: the individual market, employer-sponsored insurance, Medicaid, and other public insurance. The individual market is divided into two subsets: subsidized and unsubsidized coverage. Subsidized coverage is purchased through the Health Insurance Marketplace, and unsubsidized coverage is comprised of similar insurance plans purchased either directly from the insurer (represented in Other Non-Group Insurance) or through the Marketplace without financial assistance. Included in this category of insurance are STLDI plans that were expanded beginning in 2019. In this analysis, STLDIs are included in Catastrophic coverage. H&E makes no distinction between unsubsidized enrollees through the Marketplace and households that purchase individual market insurance directly from an insurer. Estimates concerning Medicaid also include beneficiaries of the Children’s Health Insurance Program. Other public insurance is primarily comprised of Medicare coverage for disabled persons, but also includes Tricare, the Indian Health Service, and other federal health care programs for specific populations. H&E does not make any assumptions about future state take-up of the Medicaid expansion due to the many variables involved in projecting the magnitude of the effects of potential future expansions. Because of this uncertainty, the Medicaid enrollment and spending reflected in this baseline only reflect the projected costs and enrollment of the Medicaid program if it were to remain as it currently is.By 2022, the number of uninsured, non-elderly Americans is projected to increase to 29 million—11 percent of the total non-elderly population. The decrease in insured Americans is primarily the result of premium increases outpacing wage increases. The average population of non-elderly Medicaid beneficiaries is estimated to be 68 million in 2019 and will rise to 69 million by 2029. These estimates are subject to the uncertainty of each state’s decision regarding Medicaid expansion. The individual market is estimated to decline from 14 million covered lives in 2019 to 10 million in 2029, driven by premium increases in the Marketplace. The decrease in coverage through the individual market is partially offset by an increase in those insured through Medicaid. PREMIUMS Estimates of the subsidy-eligible premiums available in the Marketplace are calculated using publicly available data on plans offered in the 36 Federally Facilitated Marketplaces. Premium estimates for unsubsidized health insurance are calculated from a sample of plans available through the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. In both cases, H&E uses the default age rating curve put forth by the Department of Health and Human Services and by individual states to calculate the applicable premium for a household. For simplification and comparability, H&E uses a standard family size of four (two adults and two children) when estimating family premiums. Subsidy payments and tax revenue are adjusted for the appropriate average family size in budget impact estimates. Eligible households may purchase subsidized coverage for a specified percentage of household income that ranges from 2.01 to 9.56 percent in 2019, depending on income. A federal subsidy pays the remaining portion of the premium that is not covered by the household’s specified income contribution. This specified income contribution is also subject to annual increases if the annual increase in health insurance costs exceeds a measure of average income growth for all households. H&E also projects an additional cost control measure, which prescribes further increases in the income contribution if total subsidy spending exceeds .504 percent of GDP. 2018 was the first year this adjustment became eligible to take effect, although H&E does not project it to take place during the budget window. Subsidized insurance plans offered in the Marketplace are divided into four categories— Platinum, Gold, Silver, and Bronze—that correspond to four approximate actuarial values—90 percent, 80 percent, 70 percent, and 60 percent. The actuarial value refers to the expected percentage of annual medical expenses covered by the insurance plan. Unsubsidized insurance plans, purchased in the Marketplace or directly from an insurer, are similar in design and price to those eligible for subsidies. The ACA requires that all health insurance plans meet certain requirements to be identified as qualified coverage.It is important to note that, because of additional cost-sharing assistance, the plan designs categorized as Silver vary significantly in actuarial value across different income categories. For enrollees in the marketplace that earn between 100 and 150 percent of the Federal Poverty Level (FPL), Silver plans have an actuarial value of 94 percent, the highest of any plan offered in the Marketplace. For enrollees earning between 150 and 200 percent of FPL, Silver plans have an actuarial value of 87 percent, and for enrollees earning between 200 and 250 percent of FPL, Silver plans have a 73 percent actuarial value. H&E estimates the unsubsidized premiums for these high-value Silver plans using the true actuarial value of the plan, rather than the Silver plan price. PLAN CHOICE H&E assumes an underlying health insurance cost growth of 5 percent throughout the 10-year window based on previous trends and other projections. Actual year-over-year premium growth estimates vary as a result of changes in the enrollment mix and other factors. Due to growing applicable income-contribution rates, subsidized premium growth for some plan designs is expected to exceed the underlying health insurance growth rate. H&E estimates that the large enrollment in Silver plans in 2019 among subsidized insurance plans will give way to higher enrollment in Bronze plans as premiums rise and consumers with less generous subsidy amounts adjust to higher premiums. The large majority of Silver plan enrollment is estimated to be largely comprised of households eligible for extra cost-sharing benefits. As the market grows to include more households that are eligible for premium credits but not cost sharing assistance (earning between 250 and 400 percent of FPL), the distribution of subsidized enrollment among the four metal levels is expected to become less evenly distributed later in the budget window.H&E uses the subsidized and unsubsidized Marketplace enrollment in each metal level after the first year to calibrate plan preferences in the individual market and estimate plan choices throughout the 10-year analysis window. Two things combine to increase Catastrophic enrollment beginning in the year 2019. First, the mandate penalty was set to $0 beginning in 2019. Second, regulations increasing the availability of STLDIs took effect for the 2019 plan year. Enrollment for Catastrophic plans and STLDIs increase over the budget window as premiums rise and consumers with less-generous subsidies adjust. BUDGET Beyond 2019, lower-cost insurance plans are estimated to gain market share, shifting away from more generous plans in response to the steadily rising cost of health insurance. Throughout the budget window, Silver plan enrollment is expected to dominate the marketplace as cost-sharing benefits are only available for Silver plans in the Health Insurance Marketplace. As time passes and premiums rise, however, enrollment in Bronze plans is expected to increase. H&E estimates the impact on the federal budget of the major health insurance coverage provisions of current law with regards to the non-elderly population. Budget impact estimates do not include estimates for non-ACA tax expenditures encoded in current law, such as the employer-sponsored health insurance tax expenditure., Over the decade spanning between 2020 and 2029, H&E estimates that non-elderly coverage provisions under current law will cost $5.18 trillion. The ACA introduced a number of taxes that are not directly related to the health insurance coverage of the non-elderly population and are therefore not included in this report. Medicaid coverage and expenditure estimates are calculated based on the number of states that had chosen to implement Medicaid expansion by January 1, 2019. These predictions are sensitive to future state-level decisions on expansion as well as new program waivers that alter the design of a state’s Medicaid program. PRODUCTIVITY AND ACCESS The Provider Access Index is designed to reflect the availability of primary and specialty physicians and facilities. Plans with large networks, such as Platinum plans offered in the individual market, are ascribed high scores for providing exceptional access. Bronze and other low-cost plans that afford access only to limited networks are ascribed low PAI scores. The index ranges from a low of 1.0 to a high of 5.0. CHANGES FROM PREVIOUS BASELINE ESTIMATES As an organization, H&E is constantly re-evaluating the assumptions and technical methods that are used to create baseline and proposed estimates of health insurance coverage provisions under current law. This publication is the seventh comprehensive baseline report, and the fifth to include detailed estimates on the net budgetary impact of the ACA and Medicaid for individuals under 65. For this baseline, H&E updated the under-65 population in the microsimulation model. In previous years, H&E assumed a higher under-65 population. This baseline attempts to reconcile H&E’s estimated under-65 population with trends recorded by the U.S. Census bureau. UNCERTAINTY IN PROJECTIONS The Center for Health and Economy uses a peer-reviewed micro-simulation model of the health insurance market to analyze various aspects of the health care system. And as with all economic forecasting, H&E estimates are associated with substantial uncertainty. While the estimates provide good indication on the nation’s health care outlook, there are a wide range of possible scenarios that can result from policy changes, and current assumptions are unlikely to remain accurate over the course of the next 10 years. For H&E’s analysis of the impact of STLDIs on the individual market see: https://healthandeconomy.org/the-proposed-modifications-to-short-term-limited-duration-insurance-plans/ H&E’s method for estimating Medicaid enrollment was also part of the under-65 model update. As a result, Medicaid enrollment is higher than in previous baselines, accounting for all of the under-65 Medicaid population with the exception of those that are dually eligible for Medicare and Medicaid. This baseline represents the Medicaid expansion population for states that implemented Medicaid expansion by March 1, 2019. Accessed at: https://www.hixcompare.org/ Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. National Health Expenditure Data. Accessed at: https://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Statistics-Trends-and-Reports/NationalHealthExpendData/ The CBO estimates that the tax exclusion for employer sponsored insurance will cost $3.4 trillion over 10 years. See Distribution of Major Tax Expenditures in the Individual Income Tax System, Congressional Budget Office, May 2013, at: http://www.cbo.gov/sites/default/files/cbofiles/attachments/43768_DistributionTaxExpenditures.pdf In past baselines, H&E has included various estimates related to the employer sponsored insurance market that included: the excise tax on high cost employer sponsored plans, Medical Productivity in the employer marketplace, and Provider Access in the employer marketplace. These were left out of this baseline due to the update of the under-65 model. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2018/demo/p60-264.pdf Parente, S.T., Feldman, R. “Micro-simulation of Private Health Insurance and Medicaid Take-up Following the U.S. Supreme Court Decision Upholding the Affordable Care Act.” Health Services Research. 2013 Apr; 48(2 Pt 2):826-49.	https://www.americanactionforum.org/research/health-and-economy-baseline-estimates/
Potchefstroom Academy is seeking an interior design lecturer. The successful candidate will be responsible for classroom and asynchronous teaching of a high standard to enrolled students. Duties include but are not limited to: - Joint responsibility for delivery and ongoing development of the subjects taught within the department and/or Institution. - Present, manage, develop and expand subject matter pertaining to department teaching content and/or teaching methods. - Facilitate alignment of assessment with the objectives of the academic programme. - Assess student performance and provide feedback - Facilitation of translation of theory into practice - Relevant diploma or degree, in interior design - Minimum of three years' relevant industry experience - Strong computer skills and demonstrated extreme proficiency in AutoCAD and Revit - Ability to ensure consistency in content, clarity, and appropriateness for intended audiences. - Solid Interior Design knowledge with industry experience in space planning, ergonomics, use of building and finishing materials, understanding structural building components. Presentation techniques, both verbally and by means of digital media. - Efficient use of AutoCAD software that includes: accurate positioning, working with parameters, creating and editing blocks, template creation, advanced layouts, creating new styles, working with external references (X-refs), AutoCAD 3D - Revit skills requirements: creating complex filled regions, area plans; create new family components, details, and design options; set up conceptual models, understanding basic terms of interface, create new materials and rending in cloud to enhance quality, lighting and details in 3D models. - Strong administrative skills and time management skills - Excellent written English and Afrikaans including good spelling and grammar - Highly organised - Good interpersonal skills - Pay special attention to detail - Be accurate and diligent - Able to work under pressure - Crisis management. 018 294 9000 Posted on 13 Nov 07:40 Apply Anine Wallace 0182949000 Anine Wallace 0182949000 Or apply with your Biz CV Create your CV once, and thereafter you can apply to this ad and future job ads easily.	https://www.bizcommunity.com/Job/196/499/376641.html
This invention relates to a game of Blackjack with a side bet, that may be used in a standard manual format, or in an electronic version of the game. The game of Blackjack has been a stalwart in Casinos throughout the world for generations. In general terms, the dealer plays against one or more players, typically up to 7. The players attempt to score a higher total than the dealer, without breaking a total of twenty one. Various variations and special rules apply In particular situations, with variations including Pontoon. The casino game is bound by certain rules that the player and dealer must adhere to. In particular, the dealer has no discretion as to whether to draw additional cards or stand, depending upon the total of their hand they must do one or the other based on certain rules. While the mathematics of the game works to the favour of the house in the long run, the strategy adopted by the player can influence the long term result. Many games have been proposed over the years that allow a side bet to be placed over and above the standard Blackjack game. These side bets pay on a certain combination that is separate from the core game. The insurance bet is not a side bet, but a fixed odds wager available when the dealer draws an ace and the player bets that the dealer will achieve blackjack. It is an object of the present invention to provide an alternative type of side het for blacklack. The present invention broadly provides a blackjack side bet game, in which players can play a separate side bet game for a jackpot prize, in addition to their play in the regular game. The jackpot is triggered by a particular card combination being drawn by the player making the side bet, in the course of the regular game. providing means for a player to make an initial wager to participate in the standard game; providing means for the player to make a wager on a jackpot feature; dealing the cards; determining if a selected card combination has been dealt, and paying a corresponding progressive jackpot if the player has wagered on said jackpot feature; and determining the result of the standard game. According to one aspect, the present invention provides a method of operating a blackjack game, comprising at least the steps of: In a preferred form, the player plays the standard blackjack game, and places a designated side bet that allows them entry into the side game. The side game does not affect the return of the core game, nor does it affect any strategy a player may employ. Preferably, the amount won is a progressive jackpot and not a fixed value. The invention encompasses the jackpot feature being determined either before, during or after the standard game. This will in part be influenced by the selected jackpot trigger. The combination required to win the jackpot is preferably a specified card combination that is identified by suit and card value. Preferably, the jackpot won relates to a percentage of the side bets laid being accumulated, across one or more tables, to provide a jackpot pool from a portion of the wagers on the side bet. The term combination is intended to encompass a variety of possibilities, beyond a specific card combination such as "king and ace of clubs", consistent with the rules in any given implementation. The combination may be the presence of these cards within the player's hand, either including other cards or not. It may be the presence of one specific card in a blackjack hand. It may require the presence of specially marked cards, or not. The term is intended to broadly cover a special outcome or feature in a player's hand which can be specified in advance. In a preferred form, some specially marked cards are included in the shoe of cards dealt. The level of jackpot won depends upon whether one or more of the specially marked cards (which are otherwise normal cards for regular play) is included in the player's hand. The probability of winning the levels of jackpot which require specially marked cards is accordingly dependant upon the number of decks used for the game. The present invention accordingly provides the players with an opportunity to participate in a jackpot type game, as a side bet and without altering the basic rules or RTP of the underlying blackjack game. This provides a separate source of additional revenue for the operator, and excitement for the players, without requiring any substantial additional work for the dealer. Figure 1 shows a possible table layout for one Implementation of the present invention; and Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of a possible implementation of the jackpot system; Figure 3 shows a flow chart illustrating the steps involved in one preferred manner of operating a Blackjack game. Illustrative implementations will now be described with reference to the accompanying figures, in which: While the game of Blackjack may have many rules permutations and game play rules based on the location, the invention will be described with reference to a particular embodiment, and a layout as shown in figure 1. It will be understood that the present invention can be implemented as an additional feature in many forms of blackjack and related games, including any suitable variant of 21 or pontoon, and the invention is not limited to this specific implementation. To anyone knowledgeable in the art of game design, it will be apparent that significant modifications of rules and implementation can be made from those outlined below, whilst retaining the core inventive concept. Indeed, the present invention in many respects is independent of the specific rules for the standard blackjack game as such. It will also be understood that the present invention could be applied to a fully manual casino game of blackjack, a game with electronic betting but manual dealing of cards, a simulated game for play in a casino or similar environment, or a fully on-line type game. In a preferred form, for a manual dealing game, an electronic arrangement is used to manage the jackpot aspects of the present invention. For our example, the game will use 4 standard decks of 52 cards (no Joker cards), that are distributed from a card 'shoe'. For this discussion, it can be assumed that the standard rules of blackjack are applied to the standard game part of play. The shoe may be stand alone or the output of a card shuffler. The cards that are key to winning the progressive jackpot in this example are the Ace and King of diamonds, of which there will be 4 of each (one for each deck). One of each of these cards will be marked, such that they stand out from the others. Alternatively, one of the decks used could be distinctive in appearance, and the Ace and King of diamonds in that deck constitute the special cards. Standard Marked Ace of Diamonds 3 1 King of Diamonds 3 1 In summary, the number of cards is as follows <b>Jackpot Level</b> <b>Combination Required</b> Mega Jackpot Marked Ace and King of Diamonds Major Jackpot One marked Ace or King of Diamonds and one standard King or Ace of Diamonds Mini Jackpot Standard Ace and King of Diamonds In this example, the game will have 3 levels of jackpots that are won when a player achieves a Blackjack combination off the initial 2 cards drawn involving a King of Diamonds and an Ace of Diamonds. The level of jackpot won depends upon the combination of cards which are drawn: It will be appreciated that the present invention could be implemented with only one jackpot level, or with more or less levels as desired. The evaluation steps in this process are different from a standard blackjack game and require some new software features, as well as some modifications to the rules and procedures to ensure the integrity of the game. 1. Player bets on main hand and side bet a. If no side bet is wagered, player is ineligible to win progressive jackpot 2. All side bets are digested by the system and a pre-determined contribution is added to the jackpot value, between 'startup' value and 'increment' value. 3. Cards are dealt to players and dealer in standard fashion (2 to each) 4. Card values and combinations and evaluated by dealer for possible win a. If player is dealt a Blackjack of Ace and King of diamonds, then a progressive jackpot is won b. If no player wins jackpot, progressive element for that hand is complete 5. Rest of the hand is played out in standard Blackjack fashion 6. At the completion of the hand, and the jackpot has been won, the jackpot will be reset to the startup value. If not, it will remain until the next game commences and side bets are evaluated. 7. Prior to the commencement of the next hand, all cards are shuffled. Referring to Fig. 3, the steps that can be followed in operating a game of Blackjack are as follows: In this form, between the startup value and increment value, a reduced increment is added per player contribution to the jackpot value, so as to pay for the initial startup value (when there are in fact no player contributions as yet), and thereafter increments at a higher rate. This arrangement is used in other progressive jackpot systems, for example in slot machines, and is well understood by those skilled in the art. In order to effectively implement this example, the game must be set up to have a method that evaluates all side bets and contributes a pre-determined amount to the jackpot and divides that between the 'startup' component and the 'increment' component. As the 'startup' value is set when there are in fact initially no player contributions, it is necessary to allocate a proportion of the amount that would otherwise be allocated to the jackpot increment to 'paying back' the 'startup' component. It is difficult to see how this could be achieved in practice without an additional hardware component on standard dealer determined table games. This device evaluates the side bet and distributes the proceeds to the jackpot prize. The electronic version includes this feature in the software. In a suitable design, the size of the jackpot bet may be a prescribed standard value. In this case, whether a player has placed a bet in the jackpot area can be determined by a pressure sensitive pad, opto-electronic pickup or the like, with verification of correct value by the dealer. This then facilitates the bet being automatically correctly apportioned. The dealer need only collect the gaming chips after the initial deal, if the jackpot has not been won, much the same as for a conventional insurance bet. One possible arrangement is shown schematically in figure 2. This shows an arrangement, similar in concept to that use for a progressive jackpot system in a gaming or slot machine environment. Central controller 12 may be functionally very similar to the controller of a slot machine jackpot system. Central controller 12 is connected to a plurality of blackjack tables 10, 10a, 10b, and so forth. Each table includes a table controller unit 13, a display 14 and table layout components 15. The table controller unit 13 provides secure communications with the central controller 12 to send details of table wagers, send details of winning outcomes, receive data for display, and other communications are required. The communications preferably use the existing casino or venue monitoring infrastructure, for example a LAN, wireless network, or the like. The display 14 is driven by the table controller to show details of the current jackpot, messages to induce customers to play, and so forth. The images are sent from the central controller 12. The table layout components will differ depending upon how the capture and recordal of side bets wagers are recorded. In a simple form, only a fixed bet value may be permitted, and the dealer inputs on a key pad that (say) 2 players have placed a side bet, and proceeds to play the main game. This is communicated back to the central controller 12, to allow the jackpot to be incremented. Alternatively, the players may have individual or shared access to apparatus at the table to input their own side bets at the commencement of the hand. These wagers are communicated to the central controller 12 to allow for the jackpot to be incremented. The apparatus may conveniently be a sensor to determine placement of a chip in a specific location. It is strongly preferred that the players may make a jackpot wager of only a specific fixed value. In the implementation proposed, the chance of winning is proportional to the cards dealt, not the wager, and so there is no advantage in making additional wagers. A system could be implemented which takes account of such variable wagers, as is known for slot machines. In the casino environment this would not be convenient from a logistical perspective. However, in the context of on-line or fully electronic betting on a simulated game, this could be implemented. In the event that the jackpot is won, the croupier similarly inputs this on the keypad, and the jackpot won (of whatever level) is paid at the level achieved at that time. This allows the jackpot to continue to accumulate based on wagers and activity at other tables. The actual payout is preferably carried by a supervisor, and the funds finally removed from the pool at that time. An alternative implementation, on a real or simulated game utilising solely electronic wagering, would simply provide a position to place a wager on the jackpot side bet, and the contribution to the jackpot can be handled by the respective software. Various aspects used in other jackpot games may be used, for example, the table display may show an estimated rather than accurate immediate value. It will be understood that the present invention could be implemented on a single table, many tables at one venue, or tables spread across more than one venue. In terms of mathematical design, appropriate models must be used to calculate the frequency of the allocated combination being won. This takes into account how the game is played and how many decks are being used. The combination required is related to the number of decks chosen, while the average prize is determined by frequency and the contribution from the side bet to the jackpot prize. For the 4 deck, 52 card example, the odds of winning a mega jackpot (ignoring previously drawn cards) is about one in 80,000, and the odds of winning a mini jackpot are about 1 in 20,000. It will be apparent that unlike most blackjack features, the odds and RTP are highly dependant upon the number of decks used, and this aspect must be closely controlled by the operator. There are certain elements of the game that must be controlled to ensure the integrity and fairness of the game. In our example, this is the number of decks used and the frequency of cards being shuffled. If insufficient shuffling occurs, particularly in a manually shuffled game, then a point may be reached where a player becomes aware that there are no remaining (in our example) Kings of Diamonds, and so no one will place a side bet. Alternatively, they may become aware that there is a relatively rich selection of the targeted cards remaining. As it is envisaged that the jackpot is accumulated across multiple tables, to increase the level of activity on the jackpot, it is important that play on each table be generally equivalent. For these reasons, it is preferred that continuous shuffling be used. In a manually shuffled game, if the jackpot is won, it is preferable to reshuffle all cards on that table at the conclusion of that round of play. 3 card combination. In this version, if the player has the targeted cards, as well as another card, then the jackpot is still won. This variant will then impact on player strategy, as if a player has one winning combination card and another card, the player has to decide whether to draw another card in the hope of getting the required card combination to win the progressive jackpot value: More than one combination and variations of those based on suit or card value Multiple side bet options - a different bet for a range of outcomes that may see multiple side bet wins depending on the combinations required. Multiple progressive levels based on frequency. While the preferred embodiment is a 2 card combination from the initial draw, there are any numbers of viable alternatives that can be used in this sort of invention. Some include; Figure 1 illustrates one potential layout for use in one implementation of the present invention. The layout can be seen be to a largely conventional blackjack layout. However, additional spaces for placing side bets are arranged adjacent to the card dealing space for each player. As described above, it is preferred that these spaces include (in the table or under it) a sensor to determine the presence of a gaming chip. This may be simply a proximity or instruction sensor of some kind, a Hall effect device, or a sensor based on a special property of the chips. Such sensors have been deployed in other casino table games, and a wide variety of alternatives are disclosed in the art. The table may further provide some confirmation or indication to the player that a side bet has been placed, for example an indicator light. It will be understood that a similar layout may be used for games played in an electronic betting format, or on-line. The game may optionally allow other players or observers to place side bets on another player's hand and side bet, as it commonly permitted in conventional blackjack. In this case, it may be necessary to provide specific spaces for such wagers by observers, as in a sensor based system generally only one of the bets will be sensed.
There must exist some french (or other culinary) term for the various ways to describe the different directions to slice an onion. I'm looking for two terms: Slicing across the grain, perpendicular to the poles, parallel to the equator, along the latitude. - rings? Slicing with the grain, in the direction of pole-to-pole, along the longitude. - wedges? What is the shortest, most concise way to describe these techniques?	https://cooking.stackexchange.com/questions/43371/what-are-the-official-names-for-slicing-an-onion-from-pole-to-pole-or-cross-pole
Christmas Dining at OC’s Premium Culinary Destination, Top of the V at The Viv Top of the V, located at the newly rebranded The Viv Anaheim, is an experience that immerses guests in the cuisine of the Basque Country of Spain. With impressive views of the city, this swanky rooftop restaurant and bar invites guests to enjoy our beautiful SoCal weather while exploring the Chef Tasting menu and Exhibition Kitchen. Located on the 12th floor of The Viv Hotel Anaheim, lounge by the elevated rooftop pool or sit by the firepits and outdoor VIP lounges while watching the nightly Disneyland firework show. Chef Edgar Beas takes inspiration from his experience cooking Basque cuisine to create a playful yet familiar take on Spanish dishes that follow the old-world technique of charcoal grilling and cooking. For Christmas Eve and Christmas Day, Top of the V will be offering a special five-course holiday meal available from 5 p.m.-10 p.m.	https://greersoc.com/index.php/goc/post-single/christmas_dining_at_ocs_premium_culinary_destination_top_of_the_v_at_the_viv
How are SMT resistors marked? How are SMT resistors marked? Standard-tolerance SMD resistors are marked with a simple 3-digit code. The first two numbers will indicate the significant digits, and the third will be the multiplier, telling you the power of ten to which the two significant digits must be multiplied (or how many zeros to add). What is a Vishay resistor? Vishay’s discrete resistors serve applications in virtually all major market sectors. Vishay is the number one manufacturer worldwide of wirewound and other power resistors, leaded film resistors, and thick film surface-mount resistors. What is a chip resistor? Chip resistors are integrated circuit (IC) devices manufactured in square or rectangular chip packages. Resistors. are components that oppose the flow of electrical current. They can be used to protect, operate, or control circuits. What is an SMD resistor? A surface mount resistor is a tiny rectangular ceramic body with silver conductive edges on either end. Also referred to as surface mount technology, an SMD resistor offers advantages in saving space on printed circuit boards (PCBs). It features the resistance value code printed onto it, where there is space. How are resistors Labelled? A manufactured resistor is usually labeled with the nominal value (value to be manufactured to) and sometimes a tolerance. If there are three or four numbers on the resistor, the first numbers are a resistance value, and the last number refers to the number of zeroes in the multiplier. How do you read resistor markings? In the standard four band resistors, the first two bands indicate the two most-significant digits of the resistor’s value. The third band is a weight value, which multiplies the two significant digits by a power of ten. The final band indicates the tolerance of the resistor. Do resistors have inductance? Since resistors are made of conductive materials, they, too, exhibit inductance as an unwanted, parasitic effect. This effect is especially noticeable if the resistor is made out of wire formed into a coil shape. Depending on the application, resistor inductance might be easily disregarded, especially in DC circuits. How many types of resistors are there? There are two basic types of resistors. - Linear Resistors. - Non Linear Resistors. How do you read a chip resistor value? For a three-digit SMD Resistor Code, - the first two numbers indicates the significant digits for the resistance, e.g. “22” indicates 22 ohms. - the third number will be a multiplier that must be multiplier by the first two numbers, or will indicate how many zeros should be added to the first two numbers. What does R mean on a resistor? Resistance Old-fashioned, but common, American resistor symbol. Resistors have the symbol on the right. Resistance is defined as the voltage developed across the resistor per ampere of current through the resistor. Resistance has a symbol of R measured in unit called Ohm which has a symbol Ω. Which is the best type of chip resistor? D/CRCW e3 standard thick film chip resistors are the perfect choice for most fields of modern electronics where highreliability and stability are of major concern. Typical applications include automotive, telecommunications, andindustrial. What kind of resistors are used in Vishay Dale? not present VISHAY DALE MODEL MIL-PRF-55342STYLE MIL SPEC.SHEET TERM. CASESIZE RCWPM-0502, RCWPM-0502-98 RM0502 0502 RCWPM-0502, RCWPM-0502-98 RM0502 0502 RCWPM-0502, RCWPM-0502-98 RM0502 0502 What are the toolbox covers of Vishay Intertechnology? Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. Industrial Engineer’s Toolbox Covers.indd 1 10/10/18 10:07 AM EFFICIENCY IN PRODUCTION C2 IndustrialFactory AutomationMotor Drives 3 Testers 4 Control Units 5 Air Conditioning Systems 6 Laser Marking and Coding 7 Collaborative Robots (COBOTS) 8 Low Voltage UPS 9 How are rcp resistors used in thermal imaging? A thermal imaging camera demonstrates the resistor’s high thermal conductivity properties. A demonstration of long-lasting high-power capabilities showing how the RCP resistor outperforms a standard resistor with various levels of power applied. A thermal imaging camera demonstrates the resistor’s high thermal conductivity properties.	https://ici2016.org/how-are-smt-resistors-marked/
Customs regulations in Sweden If you are moving from Denmark or Finland to Sweden, you do not need to declare your personal belongings, as there are no customs duties between EU member countries. If you are moving from Iceland or Norway, you may be granted relief from customs duties for your personal belongings, so you may not need to pay customs duties and VAT on import. This depends on whether you are migrating or returning to Sweden. Personal belongings are everything kept in a home, such as household effects, linen, furniture, bicycles, vehicles and pets. You are eligible for relief from customs duties if you and your family have used the goods for personal purposes or had them in the household. Vehicles Contact the Swedish Transport Agency (Transportstyrelsen) for registration of vehicles that are part of your removal goods. Apply for permission to bring in belongings that are subject to special import regulations If you are bringing animals, firearms, medicines, food, alcohol or tobacco when you travel to Sweden from the other Nordic countries, you must always apply for permission, as these types of belongings are subject to special import regulations. Different regulations apply for bringing animals into Sweden, depending on where the animal comes from and whether it is a pet or some other type of animal. You must always apply for permission to bring firearms and dangerous articles into Sweden. You may bring medicines into Sweden without permission, but only if they are intended for medical use and for your personal use. This also applies for medicine that is prescribed by a veterinary surgeon for animals that you have with you when you enter Sweden. If you are travelling to Sweden from another Nordic country, you may bring in a supply of medicines for a maximum of one year. In principle, food may be brought into Sweden from Denmark and Finland without restriction. However, the Swedish Board of Agriculture (Jordbruksverket) directive on unrestricted import of food to Sweden may be changed in the event of an infection risk. You may bring meat and dairy products into Sweden from Iceland and Norway, but there is a limit for the value of such products for free import. This limit applies for all goods you have purchased on the journey, excluding alcoholic and tobacco goods. You must be at least 20 years of age to bring alcohol into Sweden. You must be at least 18 years of age to bring tobacco into Sweden. As a private individual, you may bring most plants into Sweden. However, certain plants require a permit or a certificate, and transport of some plants is completely forbidden. The EU countries have a common plant protection directive, and Sweden’s regulations are largely identical to those of the EU. You may need a permit to take certain cultural goods out of Sweden. When you purchase goods online, regulations vary depending on what you order and which country the items come from. If you have any questions, please fill in our contact form. NB! If you have questions regarding the processing of a specific case or application, or other personal matters, please contact the relevant authority directly.	https://www.norden.org/en/info-norden/customs-regulations-sweden
Tags Ludwig von Mises's Nation, State, and Economy is a rationalist-utilitarian analysis of the three manifestations of German imperialism: past German imperialism for the sake of national greatness, economic central planning in World War I (war socialism), which accelerated the introduction of full-blown socialism, and the blossoming imperialism of the social democrats under the banner of syndicalism and the dictatorship of the proletariat. Although Mises does not define imperialism explicitly, he understands it to be the exact opposite of “self-determination, self-administration, self-rule.” Liberal democracy was historically embodied in “the ideas of 1789,” which demanded “the most exact and complete application” of the principles of “full freedom of movement of persons and goods, the most comprehensive protection of the property and freedom of each individual,” and “removal of all state compulsion in the school system.” He explained that war socialism, far from supporting the German war effort, was one of five disastrous errors that had led the Central Powers to such a crushing defeat. To its advocates, the emergency situation that confronted the German economy at the outset of the war, or the great tasks that it now confronted, were sufficient justification for compulsory central planning on all levels. But such a justification is based in logical fallacy. It was true, Mises granted, that there was an emergency and that the structure of production had to be adjusted as quickly as possible from peacetime to wartime conditions. But it does not follow that the government should then run the economy. The correct question was whether central planning would be better than the free market at achieving the necessary adjustments. Mises proceeded to demonstrate that this was not the case. He also showed that the apparent blessings of wartime socialism were a dangerous illusion, created by the accompany inginflation. The increase of all prices had falsified the economic calculations of the entrepreneurs. The higher entries in their books falsified their profit-and-loss accounting, to the point that they believed they were making profits when in fact they were consuming their capital. Similarly, he debunked the widespread myth that war finance through government debts was a way of making future generations pay for the war effort. This view, he said, was “completely wrong”: War can be waged only with present goods. One can fight only with weapons that are already on hand; one can take everything needed for war only from wealth already on hand. From the economic point of view, the present generation wages war, and it must also bear all material costs of war. General misunderstanding of the economic nature and consequences of wartime central planning was instrumental in reducing resistance to the accelerated introduction of full socialism. The socialists themselves denounced the wartime economic regime, partly because they did not welcome an association in the minds of the general public between socialism and war, but also in part from their own intellectual confusion. Mises objected: [S]ocialism means the transfer of the means of production out of the private ownership of individuals into the ownership of society. That alone and nothing else is socialism. All the rest is unimportant. It is a matter of complete indifference for deciding our question, for example, who holds power in a socialized community, whether a hereditary emperor, a Caesar, or the democratically organized whole of the people. In the third chapter of Nation, State, and Economy, Mises explained that the confusion about the nature of socialism resulted from the fact that the program of the socialist parties in Germany and Austria integrated three distinct elements: Marxist centralist socialism, syndicalism (radical labor-unionism), and democratic government. The socialists had championed democracy because Karl Marx’s theory predicted that socialism would be the rule of the proletarian majority. This part of their program, in which they continued the old classical-liberal agenda that German liberals themselves had abandoned, had created widespread sympathy for the socialist cause even in bourgeois circles. But majority rule was not a central tenet of socialism. The only essential element was central control of all means of production through a dictatorship of the proletariat. And it was this precept of the socialist creed that would have to stand up to rational scrutiny, or else socialism would have to be discarded: is the compulsory central control of production more efficient than private ownership of the means of production? All other considerations were secondary. For example, Mises observed that there was no necessity, in 1919, to wait for the proletarians to become a majority in Germany and Austria, because the majority of the general population was already socialist. But if the socialist case for central planning was invalid, then no power on earth could maintain a socialist order. The dictatorship of the proletariat wants to use terror to nip any stirring up of opposition in the bud. Socialism is believed established for all eternity once its property has been taken away from the bourgeoisie and all possibility of public criticism has been abolished. It cannot be denied, of course, that much can be done in this way, that, above all, all European civilization can thus be destroyed; but one does not thereby build a socialist order of society. If the communist social order is less suited than one resting on private ownership of the means of production to bring about “the greatest happiness of the greatest number,” then the ideas of liberalism cannot be killed even by terrorist measures. Mises pointed out that the socialist case crucially relied on the conviction that once the socialized society is realized, its members would be guided by entirely different motivations than from those of their former lives. Rather than pursuing their own interests, they would now think only of serving their community. But if one is skeptical of the feasibility of such a New Socialist Man—if one seeks instead a system that will reconcile the private interests of real-world human beings with those of the larger community, then liberalism had already found such a system: private property. In their daily politics, the socialists had long since turned away from Marxist orthodoxy to become the political branch of the labor unions, which Marx had despised as “petty bourgeois.” They espoused the down-to-earth agenda of their constituency and trumpeted their Marxist heritage only in election speeches.But from both a theoretical and practical point of view, the labor-unionist program was even worse than Marxist socialism. It destroyed the division of labor and the spirit of cooperation: Syndicalism deliberately places the producer interest of the workers in the foreground. In making worker groups owners of the means of production (not in so many words but in substance), it does not abolish private property. It also does not assure equality. It does remove the existing inequality of distribution but introduces a new one, for the value of the capital invested in individual enterprises or sectors of production does not correspond at all to the number of workers employed in them. The income of each single worker will be all the greater, the smaller the number of fellow workers employed in his enterprise or sector of production and the greater the value of the material means of production employed in it. The syndicalistically organized state would be no socialist state but a state of worker capitalism, since the individual worker groups would be owners of the capital. Syndicalism would make all repatterning of production impossible; it leaves no room free for economic progress. In its entire intellectual character it suits the age of peasants and craftsmen, in which economic relations are rather stationary. Labor-unionism is therefore purely destructive. It is locally organized robbery elevated to a general principle. Mises’s criticism did not focus on its moral reprehensibility, however, but on its inability to sustain the large-scale division of labor characteristic of modern civilization. Labor-unionism was an utterly unsuitable means to pursue the greatest happiness of the greatest number. Excerpted from Chapter 8 of Mises: The Last Knight of Liberalism
*I’m consolidating content from the upinthemorning.org website and podcast back under the ‘People, Process, Progress’ website and podcast feed and library. This episode originally aired in November 2021. “The journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step” – Lao Tzu, 6th Century BC, rom Chapter 64 of the Dao De Jing We don’t have to go for 1,000 mile runs or do 1,000 reps. We need to go for what helps us. Exercise makes the cloud of depression dissipate. Activity pushes our minds and bodies through the grief of loss. What makes us feel alive. Before we take our first step towards fitness, we need to determine our “Why?” In this episode I share my “Why?”, cite research from PubMed on exercise to help resist disease and share information from the Mayo Clinic on the positive effect being active has on depression and anxiety. Key Points from the episode: - Regular physical activity or exercise boosts our virus immunity - Consistent physical activity or exercise reduces or removes the impact of chronic disease - Systematic physical activity or exercise helps ease symptoms of depression or anxiety - Regular physical activity or exercise can keep depression or anxiety from coming back - 30 minutes 3-5 times a week is a great goal Stay safe, wash your hands and Godspeed,	https://peopleprocessprogress.com/find-your-fitness-why/
Mapping your relational networks can open doors to new ministry opportunities. Choosing new leaders It’s never too early to begin prayerfully seeking leaders to replace those who will be graduating or changing leadership roles in your campus ministry group this spring. Helping your chapter spot potential leaders now will give you plenty of time to get to know them, and they’ll have plenty of time to consider the leadership roles offered to them. There is a great deal of help in the Bible for choosing leaders. Standards for Christian leaders are outlined in 1 Timothy 3:1-13 and Titus 1:6-9; 2:1—3:11. Consider how your potential leadership team members fit those descriptions. (Be gracious, and remember that your peers are still in process. We’re all under construction, and none of us is perfect.) Also consider how people are growing in the following characteristics, each of which is discussed in scripture: Seeking God for vision and guidance. “In their hearts human beings plan their course, but the LORD establishes their steps” (Proverbs 16:9). Do these men and women seek guidance from the Lord for their own lives? For the chapter? For the campus? For the world? Are they receptive to change? Faithfulness. “Whoever can be trusted with very little can also be trusted with much, and whoever is dishonest with very little will also be dishonest with much” (Luke 16:10). Are these people consistently involved in the life of your campus ministry, as well as their church? What responsibilities have these students been given in the past? How did they handle those responsibilities? Are they actively involved in caring for people in your campus fellowship? What is their attitude toward serving others? Do they seek self-recognition through their acts of service? Forgiveness and reconciliation. “Be kind and compassionate to one another, forgiving each other, just as in Christ God forgave you” (Ephesians 4:32). “Therefore, if you are offering your gift at the altar and there remember that your brother or sister has something against you, leave your gift there in front of the altar. First go and be reconciled to that person; then come and offer your gift” (Matthew 5:23-24). How well do these chapter members handle conflict? Do they demonstrate a reconciling spirit and a forgiving heart? Consider their relationships: are they marked by emotional and spiritual maturity? Are they able to relate to people who are very different from them? Submission to Christ. “Then he said to them all: ‘Whoever wants to be my disciple must deny themselves and take up their cross daily and follow me’” (Luke 9:23). Do these potential leaders display a conscious, ongoing pattern of confession and growth? Do they seem to be dependent on prayer and scripture from day to day? Are they in the process of conforming to Christ’s likeness — that is, are there concrete, godly changes in their behaviors and attitudes over time? Have they availed themselves of opportunities to grow spiritually (discipling relationships, training conferences, etc.)? Are they humble and teachable? Biblical Literacy. “Your word is a lamp to my feet and a light for my path” (Psalm 119:105). “Preach the word; be prepared in season and out of season; correct, rebuke and encourage — with great patience and careful instruction” (2 Timothy 4:2). Do these students have a good working knowledge of the Bible? Are they prepared to share their faith from the Scriptures? Are they willing to speak hard spiritual truths that emerge from an understanding of God’s truth in the Bible? Do they handle God’s Word accurately in small-group Bible study discussions? Other considerations. Would being part of a leadership team benefit these people, as well as the chapter, at this time? Do others in the chapter respect them and seek them out for their counsel? Have these candidates expressed interest in serving in a particular area? As you consider potential leaders, make praying through your decisions a top priority. Only on a solid foundation of prayer can you make wise decisions that reflect God’s will.	https://studentsoul.intervarsity.org/choosing-new-leaders
Your health and safety responsibilities will not change when the UK leaves the EU. This guidance is under review. Most new products must be supplied to end users with a certificate called a Declaration of Conformity which must relate to the particular product placed on the market. This document should declare key information, including: - the name and address of the organisation taking responsibility for the product - a description of the product - list which product safety Directives it complies with - may include details of relevant standards used - and be dated, and signed by a representative of the organisation placing it on the EU/EEA market. What does a Declaration of Conformity mean? It is a formal declaration by a manufacturer, or the manufacturer's representative, that the product to which it applies meets all relevant requirements of all product safety directives applicable to that product. It is a sign that a product has been designed and constructed for compliance with relevant essential requirements, and has been through the appropriate conformity assessment processes. A Declaration of Conformity is not a quality certificate, nor a guarantee for safety. However, when properly drawn up along with CE marking on the product, conformity of the product with the Directive(s) quoted on the Declaration of Conformity may be presumed by suppliers in the distribution chain and by the end customer, provided there are no obvious or known defects. Additionally, market surveillance authorities, must presume that CE marked products, accompanied by a Declaration of Conformity comply with the provisions of the Directive(s) mentioned, unless they have evidence to the contrary (for example by examining or testing the product). Products subject to more than one Directive may come with a single Declaration of Conformity declaring conformity with two or more Directives, or there may be several Declarations, one for each Directive. However, where a CE marked product is incorporated in another, such as a safety interlock in a machine, the Declaration of Conformity for the final product may only declare conformity of the overall final product. In this case the Declaration(s) for any CE marked component parts should form part of the technical file for the complete product. When must a Declaration of Conformity be provided? For most new products the Declaration of Conformity must accompany the product through the supply chain to the end user. An exception to this is for electrical equipment within scope of the Low Voltage Directive 2006/95/EC where key information about the product must be supplied, and although a Declaration of Conformity must be drawn up by the manufacturer or the manufacturer's authorised representative, it doesn't have to be supplied to the end user. What must a Declaration of Conformity state? The precise requirements are specified in each relevant directive, but essentially Declarations of Conformity should include the following: - business name and full address of the manufacturer and, where appropriate, his authorised representative; - for machinery, the name and address of the person authorised to compile the technical file, who must be established in the Community; - description and identification of the product, which may including information on model, type, and serial number - a declaration as to which Directive(s) the product fulfils all relevant provisions - where appropriate, a reference to the harmonised standards used, and to which conformity is declared - where appropriate, the name, address and identification number of the notified body which carried out conformity assessment - the identity and signature of the person empowered to draw up the declaration on behalf of the manufacturer or his authorised representative What should I do with the Declaration of Conformity? If you are a product supplier you should pass it down the supply chain to the end user as in most cases the final purchaser is entitled to receive a copy of the Declaration of Conformity for the particular product. If you are aware of products (other than those for which a Declaration of Conformity doesn't have to be provided, such as electrical equipment under the Low Voltage Directive) do not have a Declaration of Conformity, you should obtain the correct one before supplying the product onward. Purchasers should retain Declarations of Conformity as they provide documentary evidence that a product complied with the safety requirements applying to that product when first placed the market, or brought into use, and so have met their duty under Regulation 10 of the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (PUWER). This is particularly important for lifting accessories and lifting machinery not requiring assembly or installation on site where the Declaration of Conformity may be a valid substitute for the initial through examination before first use under the Lifting Equipment and Lifting Operations Regulations 1998 (LOLER). Additionally, for lifting equipment subject to LOLER you may need to provide copies of this documentation if you transfer such equipment to another or take a copy of it with you if you use the lifting equipment at another location. Hirers may also need to copy the Declaration of Conformity onto to users so that users can meet their statutory obligations under LOLER. What checks can I make if I have concerns about a product's Declaration of Conformity? Firstly, does the product appear to be unsafe, as sometimes there can be errors and mistakes made with documentation, such as the wrong or no Declaration of Conformity being provided. As a user you can make simple checks on the product itself, looking for any obvious deficiencies, like: no CE marking, missing or incomplete guards, missing or inadequate instructions. A checklist for machinery is provided in the leaflet Buying new machinery. Concerning the Declaration itself, you can make a number of checks of various aspects, including completeness (by assessment against the requirements of the relevant Directive(s), and of information available in the public domain, such as business names and addresses, including if a Notified Body is listed, and whether it is appointed for the relevant product / Directive. Also, the Declaration of Conformity should relate to the particular product supplied, so should have sufficient detail to identify the product, but need not state specific product serial numbers. However, where serial number are quoted these should match the particular product. If you find problems in the first instance, such as not being provided with a Declaration of Conformity, you should enquire up through the supply chain, as (in most cases) purchasers are entitled to receive the correct Declaration of Conformity with the product. But if you are not satisfied, particularly if the product appears to have significant safety problems too, you may raise the issue with the relevant market surveillance authority, further information on this is provided in Supplying new machinery.	https://www.hse.gov.uk/work-equipment-machinery/declaration-conformity.htm
Additional information on Senegal on energypedia. The Senegalese energy sector is relatively small. Total fossil fuel provision stands at 27 TWh/year, thereby making up nearly 40% of Senegal's primary energy provision of which the remainder is nearly entirely biomass (well over 50%) - most of which non-renewable - complemented by some coal and some hydro and solar for renewably generated electricity. In terms of consumption, the large biomass share in energy provision is for the by far biggest part used for cooking in households, either as firewood (58% of households) or after carbonisation as charcoal (26 % of households). In addition 11% of households use LPG for cooking (mainly in bigger towns), 4% use electricity and 1% uses lampoil. The LPG share thereby is smaller than one would expect based on prevalence of LPG stoves (e.g. in Dakar, where 20% of Senegal's population lives, over 90% of households have LPG stoves) - as LPG supply is not always reliable, in which case (urban) households fall back on charcoal. Cooking overall also easily accounts for the largest share of household energy consumption; while the electrification rate at 45% is not even very low, electricity consumption in households is still limited. In total only some 10% of final energy consumed concerns electricity, largely generated by fossil fuels (diesel-gensets) and for a small part renewably (hydro, wind and solar). The renewable potential however is large, and little by little is getting recognised : along the coast there's good potential for windpower; irradiation throughout the country at 5-7 kWh/m2/day is favourable for PV, in addition to which there's hydropotential along major rivers - though with rainfall predicted to decline by some 20% over the next decades, hydro’s role in Senegal’s energy mix should be carefully tailored. The below diagram shows the development over time of the energy consumption of households, transport and industry. As a whole, the energy-sector has to deal with inefficient technologies, a low density distribution grid, a lack of regulatory framework and weak financial structures. As biomass accounts for more than half of Senegal's energy consumption, the pressure on Senegalese forests is high, and the use of biomass for cooking is responsible for a large part of the depletion of the country's forest stocks. In the medium term deforestation will create bottle-necks in the supply of cooking energy, particularly for the poorest households. Demand for charcoal from Senegalese forests also may well increase if and when subsidies for LPG would be phased out in reaction to pressure from the West African Monetary Union, prompting poorer households to return to their traditional fuel usage patterns. Thereby the effect might be aggravetd as particulalrly such poorer households might not be able to afford efficient (charcoal) cookstoves - implying they'd subsequently use low efficiency charcoal stoves. In the urban and peri-urban Dakar region, the high demand for traditional fuels nowadays can only be exploiting wood sources up to 500 km away from the capital. While Senegal still counts a relatively high share of primary forests, deforestation leads to annual forest-losses of 0.5 percent, which comes close to the average of Western African countries. Anyway, figures from FAO on Africa and Senegal in particular indicate that agricultural land clearance eventually will become, or already is the predominant cause of deforestation. Due to the high demand, the price of charcoal increased by 42 percent between 2005 and 2008, which is, however, still less than the increase in the ceiling price for LPG that increased by 48 and 63 percent for the two main bottle sizes (3.5 and 6 kg) respectively. Thereby, cooking energy increased disproportionately compoared to the 14% increase in general consumer prices in the same period. . The Senegalese government has recently published several policy orientations, thus beginning to address these extremely urgent issues. Nevertheless the Senegalese forest sector lacks institutional capacities and efficiency in order to launch basic reform processes and to implement sustainable changes on a large scale and to face deforestation. In the 1970’s the government launched the national butanisation programme in order to re-place charcoal consumption by Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) through subsidies and promotion campaigns, resulting in around 70 percent of urban households in Senegal and nearly 90% of households in Dakar using LPG as primary cooking fuel. The Senegal Ministry of Energy estimated the annual saving of firewood and charcoal to be 70,000 tons and 90,000 tons, respectively. To learn more about the project, click here. Nevertheless, biomass resources and wood in particular continue to be unsustainably ex-ploited. Since the year 2000 electricity production increases by approximately 7% annually and stood at 2,8 TWh in 2012. Over 80% of its generation results from fossil fuel powered plants / gen-sets, 2% from gas power plants, 2% from co-generation, 10% from hydropower plants, and 2% from other renewable sources (PV, wind, some renewable biomass). At present approximately 5 GWh/year is produced decentralized with PV application. As demand for electricity grows a lot faster than its supply, Senegal is facing serious problems. The national utility SENELEC lacks an efficient organisational structure and lacks (access to funds for) investments in powerplants and transmission-lines in order to cope with the increasing demand. Reserve capacity presently is insufficient, causing frequent (scheduled or unscheduled) outages of whole districts, while transmission losses, old thermal power plants and increasing oil prices result in high average production costs. The below graph shows consumption and capacity over time, underpinning the above. Nevertheless and in comparison to neighbouring countries, the electrification rate is relatively high: at 75% in urban areas and 17% rural, the national average is 45 %, up from approximately 30% a decade ago. In comparison, in neighbouring Mali national coverage is just 25%. However, this (rural) coverage also implies the governments' ambitious target to achieve 50% rural electrification by 2012 has not nearly been achieved. Senegal’s total installed capacity is 638 MW (2010 est) of which 80% is connected to the national grid. SENELEC owns power stations with nearly 60 % of the total production capacity while the remainder is private, either GTI-Dakar or ESKOM-Manantali. As indicated above, over 80% is generated by diesel plants, while there are also gas-, steam- and gas-steam power plants. As a result electricity production costs strongly depend on the world market oil-price and the local Diesel price, both for the national grid as well as mini-grids. However, due to subsidies the consumer price is kept artificially low. Some 10% of the total instyalled capacity comes from the 60 MW that Senegal uses of the 200 MW Manantali hydroelectric power plant at the border with Mali. There are two grid-systems: the 90 kV national grid and the 225 kV supranational grid, together totalling some 13,000 km. Both are managed by SENELEC. The grid mainly supplies urban areas around Dakar, Thies, St. Louis and Kaolack/Fatick with electricity. But there are several isolated networks in order to power some remote areas. The following map shows the current electricity transport lines as well as main power plants. While rural electrification stands at 17%, for the larger part this again concerns larger villages and relatively densely populated rural areas. However, nearly half the rural population lives in small villages (< 500 inhabitants) that are of little interest to private investors due to relatively high investment costs and low revenues. - Small scale concessions named ERIL (Local Initiative for Rural Electrification), through which local initiatives for electrification can get their initial investmenrt subsidised. The Senegalese Agency for Rural Electrification (ASER) is responsible for the implementation of the model (see Public Institutions and Actors). For the PPER all of Senegal is divided into concession zones (9 concessions remain after a consolidation). International donors and the Senegalese government provide subsidies to concessionaires for their rural electrification activities. Donors involved entail the World Bank, the German development bank KfW and the African Development Bank. Subsidies amount to 70 % of funds required for investment and engineering. The concessionaire contributes 20 % and the users 10 %. End users are charged cost covering tariffs. All donors have dedicated a share of their funds (ca. 15 %) for the installation of renewable energy systems. The first concession was awarded in 2008. Within the large concession areas municipalities can apply for ERIL loans (Electrification Rurale d’Initiative Locale – rural electrification through local initiatives) to implement electrification projects themselves. For ERILs, the same 70/20/10% funding distribution applies as for the PPER concessions. For all ERILs a seperate application has to be prepared and submitted, which should subsequently be approved by ASER and the PPER concessionaire for the region concerned. The concessionaires eventually will only reach a part of the rural population. In line with ASER's current strategy, in the coming 10 to 15 years only villages in the relative vicinity of medium tension power lines will be supplied with electricity. In the concession zones of KfW in the Peanut Basin and the Casamance, for example, about 1 million people in 2,600 villages will not be connected to the grid in the foreseeable future. Although in principle the two concession models of ASER (large-scale concessions (PPER), and concessions based on local initiative (ERIL)), in conjunction with the tariffs set by the regulatory authority, ensure profitability for the operators and thus continued maintenance (and hence sustainability), in practice operation of ERILs proves more expensive than anticipated - rendering their operation unsustainable. Moreover it lasted years until th elegal framework for ERILs was ecventually fully finalised. Only very recently (late 2013) the first ERIL got fully and completely legal. In 1997 Senegal began a reorganisation of its electricity sector following recommendations by the World Bank. It was decided to privatise the public utility SENELEC, to found the "Agence Sénégalaise d’Electrification Rurale" (ASER – Senegalese Agency for Rural Electrification) and to put in place the "Commission de Régulation du Secteur de l’Electricité" (CRSE – Regulatory Commission for the Electricity Sector). The Ministry of Energy (Ministère de l’Energie) as the lead agency is in charge of formulating, coordinating, and setting overall objectives, policies, strategies, and general directives for the entire energy sector. Furthermore it is authorized to issue directives to SENELEC. ASER was founded in 2000 and is the governmental agency which is charged with the task of rural electrification. It is financed by the Senegalese government and international donores (such as Worldbank, DGIS, GIZ, KfW, AfDB, IsDB). ASER tends the concessions for rural areas for private investors and finances 70% of the projects (see Rural Electrification section). Urban electricity supply remained within the responsibility of SENELEC/CRSE. During the 1990s, Senegalese companies sold about 2,000 PV systems per year, but the reorganisation of the electricity sector had a negative impact of the nascent Senegalese market for solar energy systems. Only few solar companies survived the reform. However, with increasing poopularity of PV systems many new entrants have entered the market and at present there's some tens of PV companies, though there's only of handfull of some meaningfull size. Such companies are mainly involved in installation and service for donor-funded systems while the market for unsubsidised systems is small. Micro finance institutions, providing loans to private operators, eventually should play an important role in the further spread of rural electrification. The ministry in charge of micro-finance ist the "Ministére de la Famille,de la Solidarité Nationale, de la Sécurité Alimentaire, de l'Entreprenariat Féminin, de la Micro Finance et de la Petite Enfance". The SEM Fund, or the Senegal Ecovillage Microfinance Fund, is a nonprofit organisation dedicated to poverty alleviation by providing affordable business loans aimed at strengthening the business skills and livelihoods of highly motivated microentrepreneurs that lack access to the commercial banking system. A renewable energy law came into effect late 2010. The law is kept rather general. All details will be determined in by-laws which are currently being elaborated. The text of the law can be found here. Senegegal´s Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) pushes the poverty reduction agenda forward so as to meet the objective of raising economic growth to about 7 percent per year necessary to halve poverty by 2015, in line with the targets set out in the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) and the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). improve access to oil and gas. Development and usage of domestic energy resources, particularly biofuels and renewable energies. Security in supply of oil products by building own refineries and close cooperation with oil producing countries. the management of the demand side through the dissemination of improved stoves, gas-stoves and alternative energy sources such as kerosene, biomass-briquettes and gelfuel among others. the dissemination of modern energy sources in rural areas (particularly for rural electrification issues). Senegal already has some key adaptation elements in place. The country has a national contingency plan that includes studies of natural disasters such as flooding, and of the areas where disasters might occur. Maps showing projected cloud cover and wind speeds are available. Biomass consumption is also being tackled with substantial research on biomass issues and promotion of improved woodstoves. Flooding of thermal plants in some cases is a realistic threat that will need to be addressed. Already one plant has suffered severe damage from heavy rains. Even though concessionaires have started their activities, eventually they will only reach a small part of the rural population, leaving over half the rural area unelectrified for the foreseeable future. ASERs' administrative processes are lengthy and intransparent to potential operators (necessity for capacity building of ASER staff). Although in principle the two concession models of ASER (large-scale concessions (PPER) and concessions based on local initiative (ERIL)), in conjunction with the tariffs set by the regulatory authority, ensure profitability for operators and thus continued maintenance (and hence sustainability), profitability hence atractiveness for concessionnaires still has to be proven. lengthy administrative procedures implying retarded income generation. high investment costs; while particulalrly the prices of solar panels have come down a lot, those of batteries and power electronics are still high; apart from donors stepping in operators thus require loans in order to expand their business, however there's not a lot of financing institutions to turn to; with expanding activities this issue will need more attention. This page was last modified on 10 July 2018, at 21:45.	https://energypedia.info/wiki/Senegal_Energy_Situation
The primary goal of FRST is to increase soil testing transparency by promoting clear and consistent interpretations of fertilizer recommendations by removing political and institutional (public and private) bias from soil test interpretation and providing the best possible science in order to enhance end-user adoption of nutrient management recommendations. A secondary goal is to provide a catalyst for innovation in soil fertility – useful to those making recommendations as well as those evaluating those recommendations. Objectives - Identify the factors that inhibit end-user adoption of soil-test services for nutrient management. - Survey land-grant institution soil-test-based recommendations to understand the complexity and variation of existing recommendations and provides a synthesis of results, which will be provided to the soil fertility and agricultural communities. - Develop standardized terminology for use in soil-test-based nutrient management recommendations that enhance end-user understanding and adoption of soil testing. - Establish minimum data requirements for legacy dataset inclusion and for future correlation-calibration studies in order to standardize best practice. - Develop a database that provides a clearing house for soil fertility data that is populated with legacy and current data for soil-test correlation and calibration studies for major field crops grown in North America. The database should be: - Accessible and queriable through the decision-support tool. - Easy to use so that new data can be readily uploaded. The data should meet the minimum data requirements based on the protocol developed in objective 2. - Develop a searchable, decision support tool that: - Provides soil test correlation and calibration analysis output (graphs and statistical confidence intervals) based on queryable terms such as crop, multiple crops, soil-test method, soil sample depth, soil series, etc. - Provides data for nutrient management researchers and modelers that allow for in-depth analysis of soil test calibration and correlation data. Specific Functions and/or Uses of the Decision Support Tool and Database - Perform correlation analysis that provides: - relative yield response curve across the range of soil-test values - predicted critical soil-test nutrient concentration and its standard error - for ranges of soil-test values (either preselected or end-user input) - calculate the frequency of “significant” yield increase - calculate the magnitude of yield increase from fertilization - calculate the mean actual yields for the control treatment and the maximum yielding treatment - Perform fertilizer-nutrient rate calibration analysis across the range of soil-test values showing confidence intervals - Include a multiple regression equation option that combines the correlation and calibration steps. - Use meta-analysis to identify: - physiographic regions that can share data-driven, soil-test recommendation logic. - gaps in research data and soil-test recommendation accuracy to guide future research and technology.	http://www.soiltestfrst.org/objectives/
Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Sunday shared video footage of his interaction with the para-athletes who recently represented India at the 2020 Paralympic Summer Games in Tokyo. The Indian contingent, which included these athletes and their coaches, was welcomed by the Prime Minister last Thursday at his residence in New Delhi. In video footage of the interaction released on Sunday, Modi was seen congratulating the Paralympic Games stars on their all-time record performance at the multisport event. Although Indian athletes have competed in every edition of the Summer Paralympic Games since 1984, this year’s event turned out to be the most successful Paralympic season for the country to date, with athletes winning a total of 19 medals, five gold, eight silver and six bronze. Prior to this edition, India had won 12 medals4 medals of each color in all previous Paralympic appearances combined. Congratulating the Paralympians on their fantastic performances, the Prime Minister said that their achievements will now give a significant boost to the morale of the entire sporting community in the country. The exploits accomplished by the para-athlete will inspire more aspiring sportsmen to emerge from India and make a name for themselves on the international stage, he said, adding that part of the country unaware of the variety of sporting events is now gradually knowing the options available to them. Today you are all known for your hard work, the Prime Minister told the athletes. You can all motivate people, help make big changes. I am always with you all. Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Sunday shared video footage of his interaction with the para-athletes who recently represented India at the 2020 Paralympic Summer Games in Tokyo. The Indian contingent, which included the said athletes and their coaches, was welcomed by the Prime Minister last Thursday at his residence in New Delhi. In video footage of the interaction released today, Modi was seen congratulating the stars of the Paralympic Games on their all-time record performance at the multisport event. Although Indian athletes have competed in every edition of the Summer Paralympic Games since 1984, this year’s event turned out to be the most successful Paralympic season for the country to date, with athletes winning a total of 19 medals – five gold, eight silver and six bronze. Prior to this edition, India had won 12 medals (4 medals of each color) in all previous Paralympic appearances combined. Congratulating the Paralympians on their fantastic performances, the Prime Minister said that their achievements will now give a significant boost to the morale of the entire sporting community in the country. The exploits accomplished by the para-athlete will inspire more aspiring sportsmen to emerge from India and make a name for themselves on the international stage, he said, adding that part of the country unaware of the variety of sporting events is now gradually knowing the options available to them. Today you are all known for your hard work, the Prime Minister told the athletes. You can all motivate people, help make big changes. I am always with you all. \| # + \| Thanking Modi for his kind words and invitation, the para-athletes said they felt honored to share a table with the nation’s prime minister and called it a new achievement in their books. Many athletes also donated their autographed sports equipment to Prime Minister Modi, with which they won medals at the Tokyo Paralympic Games. Modi said the devices would later be auctioned off, a move that was welcomed by players. A stole, signed by all the medalists, was also offered to the Prime Minister. The Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Summer Games were held from August 24 to September 5 of this year entirely behind closed doors due to the current coronavirus disease (Covid-19) situation. Much like the Olympics, the multisport event was dubbed Tokyo 2020 although it was delayed for a year due to the pandemic. LOS ANGELES, CA / ACCESSWIRE / June 24, 2020, / Compare-autoinsurance.Org has launched a new blog post that presents the main benefits of comparing multiple car insurance quotes. For more info and free online quotes, please visit https://compare-autoinsurance.Org/the-advantages-of-comparing-prices-with-car-insurance-quotes-online/ The modern society has numerous technological advantages. One important advantage is the speed at which information is sent and received. With the help of the internet, the shopping habits of many persons have drastically changed. The car insurance industry hasn't remained untouched by these changes. 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While the MCSE Core Four exams focus a great deal of attention on securing the server operating system, services, and processes, most network administrators will tell you that securing end- user desktops can present a far greater challenge in a real-world network. Servers exist in a tightly secured environment: software is (hopefully) installed and updated only under well-controlled conditions, and only after thorough testing. Moreover, security patches and updates for server services often receive more visibility and attention from vendors and security watchdogs alike. However, securing network clients is a critical process, if for no other reason than that your network clients outnumber your servers 10, 100, or even 1000 to 1. Staying abreast of any new vulnerabilities for your client computers and patching those vulnerabilities in a timely and efficient manner can mean the difference between a well-secured network and a Code Red infestation waiting to happen. In this section, we ll discuss some of the important concepts in hardening client computers, including the importance of anti-virus software and patch management. When you receive a new workstation from a major manufacturer, you ll often find that the operating system has been installed in an insecure fashion. Often, a vendor will create a default operating system installation designed to make a new computer easy to use and navigate for an inexperienced user; however, this can have major ramifications in terms of the security of a newly installed computer. You ll often find new operating systems installed with any number of development tools and utilities, or automatic access to a poorly secured Administrator account. Although this type of behavior can be beneficial to a new user, it also provides potential back-door access to an organization s systems. Hardening client operating systems is a critical first step in safeguarding your client operating systems from internal or external intrusion and attackers . At a minimum, this involves the removal of any nonessential tools, utilities, or other administrative options that could be exploited by an attacker to gain access to your systems. The hardening process will also ensure that all necessary security features have been activated and configured correctly for any administrative or nonadministrative user accounts used to gain access to the client system, rather than simply providing easy access to an Administrator account. A term that you ll hear quite often when dealing with computer and information security is the notion of an attack vector . Put simply, an attack vector is the exploit that a malicious user uses to gain access to a system, whether it s through guessing weak passwords or using a buffer overflow attack against an unpatched system. When designing secure systems, one of your goals should be to minimize the potential avenues of attack that a hacker can use to gain access to your company s systems. You can think of this as a castle with a drawbridge that s surrounded by a moat: since there s usually only one way into and out of the castle, the people defending that castle can concentrate on defending the main gate and the drawbridge. This makes securing a castle much simpler than a building with many easily reached doors and windows that can all provide a means of access to gain entry. (To further the analogy, it s still necessary to defend other parts of the castle, since a determined attacker could probably find a way to cross the moat and scale the castle walls, given enough time and resources.) So, what does this mean for securing computing systems? It means that, when configuring and installing clients within your secure network design, you should only install the software and services that are necessary for your clients to perform their job duties effectively. For example, there have been one or more software vulnerabilities attached to the Microsoft Windows Media Player, but if your client computers did not have Windows Media Player installed to begin with, then this vulnerability would have no chance of affecting the security of your systems. Likewise, most modern Windows client operating systems are capable of running a stripped-down version of IIS called Personal Web Server (PWS) from a client desktop; if this option isn t necessary for your clients to function, then it should be disabled as well. (The Code Red and Nimda worms exploited many Windows desktops where the users didn t even realize that they d had this desktop version of IIS installed to begin with.) Any steps that you can take to minimize or eliminate any unnecessary software or services running on your desktop computers will go a long way in preventing attackers from finding these different (and often superfluous) vulnerabilities to exploit. In Chapter 1, Designing a Secure Network Framework, we discussed the threat posed to a modern network by malicious attackers using viruses, Trojans, and worms to affect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the data on a corporate network. It s not enough to provide virus protection at the server level; each client on your network needs to have antivirus software installed and updated with the latest virus definitions in order to provide the best defense for your systems and data. Viruses can often enter a corporate network through a single end user either opening an infected e-mail attachment or browsing to a Web site that contains malicious code. Because of this, you need to design virus protection for all systems on your network that interact with the Internet and the rest of the world at large. Are you running an e-mail server? Be sure that you are scanning incoming and outgoing e-mail messages for virus infections. Do your end users have Internet access from their desktops? Be sure that each network-connected workstation has anti-virus software that provides real-time antivirus scanning. You can also install antivirus software at other points on your network, including at the firewall or proxy server that will scan all incoming network traffic for virus infections. While there are any number of commercial and freeware options available for virus protection, it s critical that a secure network design make allowances for its installation, use, and management. \|Test Day Tip\|\| \| Real-time protection refers to anti-virus software s ability to scan files as they are created or accessed, thus providing instant notification if a downloaded file contains a virus or other form of malicious code. Most commercial anti-virus software packages provide this feature. While Microsoft s focus on security is evident in Windows Server 2003, the fact remains that the discovery of new security vulnerabilities (and attacks that exploit them) is often simply a fact of life. As an administrator, you need to be able to determine which patches and updates are required by your enterprise computing systems, and the best way to deploy those updates as quickly and efficiently as possible. Creating an effective patch management scheme will reduce downtime and costs on your network associated with system outages or data corruption, and increase the overall security and integrity of your company s assets and intellectual property. As a part of the Trusted Computing Initiative, Microsoft has attempted to streamline the patch management and installation process using both built-in functionality within Windows Server 2003 and freely available services and add-ons. The first step in effective patch management is obviously the ability to know that a patch is necessary and available. The Security Bulletin Notification Service provides e-mail bulletins whenever a security vulnerability for a Microsoft product has been reported and confirmed, usually along with information on how to obtain necessary patches or otherwise reconfigure vulnerable systems. The notification service classifies security vulnerabilities into one of four categories, as shown in Table 10.1. By remaining alert to the presence of security updates and patches, you can then define processes to distribute the necessary software updates to all of your network clients. \| \| Rating \| \| Definition \| \| Critical \| \| A vulnerability of this severity could allow an Internet worm or virus to spread without user action, or even awareness. \| \| Important \| \| A vulnerability of this level can compromise the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of a user or company s data, or the availability of other network resources. \| \| Moderate \| \| The risk of this type of vulnerability is often greatly mitigated by factors such as the default configuration of the operating system, auditing, or difficulty of exploitation. \| \| Low \| \| A vulnerability whose exploitation is extremely difficult or whose impact is minimal. One of the most powerful tools for installing software updates is actually freely available for download from the Microsoft Web site, and integrates right into the Windows Server 2003 operating system. By using the Software Installation settings within Group Policy, you can automatically distribute security updates to an entire domain, site, or organizational unit (OU), or even to a single user or computer, from one centralized location. (For more information on configuring Software Installations in Group Policy, see MCSA/MCSE Exam 70-290: Managing and Maintaining a Windows Server 2003 Environment (ISBN: 193226660-7) from Syngress Publishing.) Unfortunately, there are a few drawbacks to relying solely on Group Policy. Remember that Software Installation settings do not apply when a client is logging on to Active Directory over a slow link (anything slower than 56Kbps.) This means that if you have a remote office that connects to a corporate LAN via a dial-up modem, no software installation settings will be propagated to the remote systems; if Group Policy is your only means of distributing patches, then these systems will remain unprotected . Group Policy also requires you to manually create and distribute software installation patches. However, the freely available Software Update Services (which we ll discuss next ) goes a long way toward improving this process for a corporate LAN. Microsoft Software Update Services (SUS) was designed to simplify the process of keeping your Windows client and server systems updated with the latest critical updates. SUS will enable you to quickly and efficiently deploy critical updates to your Windows 2000 and Windows Server 2003 systems, and any client systems running Windows 2000 Professional or Windows XP Professional. You can use SUS to deploy critical updates, security patches, and Windows service packs for all supported operating systems (with SUS SP1 or later). The SUS service relies on two major components : Microsoft Software Update Services This is the server component that you ll install on a computer running Windows 2000 Server or Windows Server 2003 that s located inside your corporate firewall. The server component synchronizes with the Microsoft Windows Update site to download all critical updates and service packs for Windows 2000, Windows Server 2003, and Windows XP. This synchronization process can be configured to occur automatically, or you can perform the process manually. Once you ve downloaded any updates, you can then test them within your environment and then approve updates for installation throughout your organization. Automatic Updates This is the component that actually installs all approved updates on your client machines. The Automatic Update component is included by default on Windows 2000 Service Pack 3 (SP3) and later, Windows XP SP1 and later, and Windows Server 2003. Any of your clients who are running Windows 2000 Service Pack 2 or earlier can install the Automatic Update component manually if they cannot be upgraded to the latest service pack level. Automatic Update allows your servers and client computers to connect to your internal SUS server and receive any updates. You can control which SUS server each Windows client should connect to, and schedule when the client should perform all installations of critical updates. This configuration is something you can perform manually for one or two machines, or through Group Policy settings for a large environment. You can configure the automatic updates to come from an internal SUS server, or directly from the Microsoft Windows Update site. \|Exam Warning\|\| \| The most recent word from Microsoft is that SUS cannot be used to apply security updates to clients running Windows NT 4 or earlier operating systems, and it can only be used for critical updates and service packs. Updates for applications such as MS Office will need to be deployed using another means. For real-world use, check the most recent SUS release to see if this has changed. If you find that Group Policy and SUS don t fully meet your patch management requirements (you re supporting a number of down-level clients, for example), any number of third-party alternatives can assist you in deploying security patches in an efficient manner. A common option in this case is Microsoft Systems Management Server (SMS), which is a fully functional network management solution that will allow you to monitor and control many aspects of your network, not just the patch management process. The key differences between SUS and SMS are outlined in Table 10.2. Other third-party tools include HFNetCHK Pro from Shavlik Technologies, LANDesk from Intel, and many others. The 70-298 exam will not expect you to be able to select a specific third-party solution; however, you should be able to recognize a scenario where one would be required. \| \| Installation and Distribution Features \| \| SUS \| \| SMS \| \| Content \| \| Built-in synchronization service can automatically download the latest critical updates from Microsoft. \| \| Automatic downloading of necessary updates. \| \| Targeting \| \| Basic targeting in which machines receive all applicable patches from the SUS server that they are assigned to. \| \| Granular targeting based on criteria such as inventory, groups/OUs, and subnets. \| \| Geographical Distribution \| \| SUS can be scheduled to automatically synchronize content with the list of approved updates from other SUS servers or a distribution point within your network. \| \| Site-site distribution that can be scheduled and is sensitive to WAN links. \| \| Installation \| \| Manual or simple scheduling based on group policy. Downloads are fault tolerant based on bandwidth, and can be scheduled. \| \| Manual or advanced scheduling based on the targeting criteria listed. \| \| Status \| \| Status reported via Internet Information Services IIS logs. \| \| Built-in filters and Reports The increasing prevalence of laptop computers in a corporate network has created new challenges for providing network security. Securing mobile computers involves using technical measures, and increasing user awareness of the role that they play in keeping their computers and data secure. (We talked about the importance of user awareness in Chapter 1.) The first layer of security for laptop and mobile computers is securing the physical hardware itself, using hardware locks to prevent the computer from being stolen if it s left unattended. You can also enable a setup or boot password in the system BIOS to prevent the laptop from powering on if the correct password isn t provided. Perhaps the best way to secure a mobile computer, however, is through the use of the Syskey utility. Most password-cracking software used in attacking computer systems will target the SAM database or the Windows directory services to access user accounts. The Syskey utility (located in the %systemroom%\system32 directory) will encrypt password information stored either on a local computer or in the Active Directory, thus providing an extra line of defense against would-be attackers. To use this utility on a workstation or member server, you need to be a member of the local Administrators group on the machine in question. (If the machine is a member of a domain, remember that the Domain Admins group is added to the local Administrators group by default.) On a domain controller (DC), you need to be a member of the Domain Admins or Enterprise Admins group. \|Test Day Tip\|\| \| On workstations and member servers, password information is stored within the computer s Registry. DCs integrate password information into the directory services database that is replicated between controllers. In the following exercise, we ll go through the steps in enabling the System Key Utility on a Windows Server 2003 server. From the Windows desktop, click Start Run , then type syskey and click OK . You ll see the screen shown in Figure 10.1. Figure 10.1: Enabling Syskey Encryption Click Encryption Enabled , and then click Update . Choose from the security options shown in Figure 10.2. The different options available to you are as follows : Figure 10.2: Selecting Syskey Encryption Options System Generated Password, Store Startup Key Locally This encrypts the SAM or directory services information using a random key that s stored on the local computer. You can reboot the machine without being prompted for a password or a floppy disk; however, if the physical machine is compromised, the System Key can be modified or destroyed . Of the three possible options when using Syskey, this is the least secure method. Password Startup, Administrator-Generated Password Like the first option, this will encrypt the account password information and store the associated key on the local computer. In this case, however, you will select a password that will be used to further protect the key. You ll need to enter this password during the computer s boot-up sequence. This is a more secure option than storing the startup key locally, since the password used to secure the system key isn t stored anywhere on the local computer. System Generated Password, Store Startup Key on Floppy Disk This option stores the system key on a separate floppy disk, which must be inserted during the system startup. This is the most secure of the three possible options, since the system key itself is not stored anywhere on the local computer, and the machine will not be able to boot without the floppy disk containing the system key. \|Exam Warning\|\| \| If you lose the floppy disk or forget the password that you created when you ran Syskey, you won t be able to boot the computer in question without restoring the Registry or the Active Directory database from a point before you implemented Syskey. Once you have selected the option that you want, click OK to finish encrypting the account information. You ll see the confirmation message shown in Figure 10.3. Figure 10.3: Confirmation of Syskey Success As we mentioned previously when talking about hardening client operating systems, sometimes the default installation of an operating system gives the users more control over their desktop than you, the administrator, would really like. Windows Server 2003 makes it a relatively simple matter to lock down operating system features using Group Policy Objects (GPOs). You can restrict access to items such as the command prompt, the run line, and Control Panel. You can prevent users from mapping or disconnecting network drives , adding or deleting network printers, and any number of other levels of granular control over the end-user experience. As with all GPO settings, these restrictions can be applied at the domain, site, or OU level, and you can set multiple policies and/or restrict how policies are inherited from a parent OU to any child OUs. (However, as you ll see, some security policies can only be set at the domain level.) Here are some of the common operating system features that you can restrict through the use of group policies: Hide all icons on desktop Don t save settings at exit Hide specified drives in My Computer Remove the Run option from the Start menu Prohibit user from using the Display icon in Control Panel Disable and remove links to Windows Update Disable changes to taskbar and Start menu settings Disable/Remove the Shut Down command Hide the My Network Places icon Remove the Map Network Drive and Disconnect Network Drive Disable Internet Options in Internet Explorer When you are using GPOs to restrict this type of user access in a complex environment, keep the following points in mind: If a user or computer has multiple GPOs that can be applied at the same level in the Active Directory structure, any conflict resolution will apply to individual GPO settings, not to the entire GPO. Therefore, you can have a single setting in a GPO encounter a conflict that needs to be resolved, while other settings in the same GPO are applied without issue. Child OUs inherit Group Policy settings from parent OUs by default, but child domains do not inherit Group Policy settings from their parent domains. Certain Group Policy settings can only be applied at the domain level, particularly password policies and account lockout policies. The Enforce setting will force a GPO to apply to all Active Directory objects within a given site, domain, or OU regardless of what settings might be applied later. If multiple GPOs are applied with the Enforce option, the setting that is enforced first will win. This is the reverse of the usual GPO processing rules. Block Inheritance applies to an entire site, domain, or OU, and prevents any GPO settings from being applied unless the GPO has the Enforce setting enabled. Be aware of Enforce and Block Inheritance settings, since they will cause the usual inheritance and processing rules to no longer apply.	https://flylib.com/books/en/1.484.1.77/1/
DTC bus fleet is grossly under-utilized – much worse than is the case in other Indian cities. The number of passengers carried by DTC buses since 2013-14 has stagnated. This can be increased during odd and even days as with less cars on roads the overall journey speed of buses is expected to improve by 25 per cent. Due to congestion, poorly maintained fleet and shortage of drivers, buses cannot complete their scheduled trips and kilometers. Odd and even number formula will allow more space for efficient movement of buses DTC buses do lowest average kilometer per bus per day compared with other cities like Bangalore. As many as 21 per cent of the scheduled trips are not operated as buses slow down on congested roads. CSE estimates show that just by improving fleet utilization of DTC buses, completing all scheduled trips and eliminating missed trips in a day, DTC buses, cluster buses and 2,000 hired buses can carry at least 25 lakh additional passengers daily and absorb new demand during odd and even programme. This is equivalent to removing 16 lakh cars from roads. This, with augmented metro service, organised autos and taxi service can help to promote public transport based commuting practices that should be sustained beyond the odd and even number programme New Delhi December 30, 2015: Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) is shocked at the rapid deterioration of bus service in Delhi. The operational statistics of the Delhi Transport Corporation shows how the passenger numbers have stagnated despite the growing travel demand. The available bus fleet is grossly underutilized and a large number of scheduled trips are missed daily due to congestion and poor maintenance that, if corrected, can carry additional 5 lakh passengers a day. CSE’s analysis shows that during the implementation of odd and even formula from January 1, if the operational efficiency of DTC buses, cluster buses and the hired 2,000 buses is improved, these together can carry at least 25 lakh more passengers daily. Public bus service in Delhi is provided by the state owned DTC and the privately run cluster bus services under the aegis of the Delhi Integrated Multimodal Transport Systems (DIMTS). While the operational statistics of DTC is available, the details of cluster buses are not. But limited information show that there is enormous scope of improving services of 4,712 DTC buses and 1,500 cluster buses with improved operational efficiency. While DTC buses carry 43.47 lakh passengers daily, cluster buses carry an additional 10 to 12 lakh passengers in a day. “The odd and even formula is an opportunity for Delhi to put in place the plan to improve public transport services to meet the additional commuting demand from halving of personal cars on roads that can be sustained and carried forward even after the programme is over,” said Anumita Roy Chowdhury, Executive Director, CSE. CSE analysis finds considerable scope of improvement in bus service based on current DTC fleet Bus fleet is grossly under utilised: DTC has about 4,712 buses. But its utilization during 2014-15 has been only 83.99 per cent against the 85.5 per cent in 2013-14. This is dismal and much worse compared to what other state transport undertakings in different cities have achieved – 95 per cent in Bangalore and Chandigarh. At any given point of time, at least 400 to 500 buses stand in depots unutilized due to poor maintenance or missed trips, which is equal to the total bus fleet in smaller cities. “This is unacceptable. By addressing this, bus service can be augmented significantly,” said Roy Chowdhury. Buses cannot complete their daily scheduled trips due to congestion and poor maintenance: It is unacceptable that the buses cannot even complete the number of trips that are officially scheduled daily. Only 79.65 per cent of the daily scheduled trips are operated. This has come down from 85.76 per cent in 2011-12. This reduces passenger carrying capacity of the system. Delhi government will have to initiate preventive maintenance immediately to ensure all buses are fully utilized. Also, expert assessment shows that during odd and even number formula fortnight with less congestion on roads and bus lanes, the average journey speed of buses will improve by at least 25 per cent. Buses do much less kilometers in a day than their counterparts in other cities: During 2014-15, DTC buses did an average 188 kilometers a day against an average of 270 kilometers that buses of Bangalore Metropolitan Transport Corporation do. In fact, Delhi buses can complete only 78.8 per cent of the scheduled kilometers a day. This reduces the geographical coverage by the buses. This can be significantly augmented during odd and even number formula when congestion will be reduced. Bus passengers stagnating – arrest this trend immediately: It is very disturbing to note that the total number of passengers carried by the DTC has started to stagnate. While in 2012-13 DTC carried a total of 17071.79 lakh passengers or 46.77 lakh per day, it has actually declined to 15867.61 lakh passengers or 43.47 lakh a day in 2013-14. There was some improvement between 2011 and 2013 but that could not be sustained. But DTC buses are still carrying 1.7 times more passengers than Delhi metro which carries 24 lakh passengers per day. DTC and cluster buses together are carrying double this number. If this decline is not arrested and reversed, Delhi’s public transport will be weakened seriously and commit the city to enormous pollution. Each bus trip will be replaced by polluting two-wheeler and car trips. Already, the bus modal share has declined drastically from 60 per cent to 40 per cent. Substantial augmentation in passengers is possible with full utilization of current DTC fleet and hired buses during the ‘odd and even’ fortnight: If adequate steps are taken immediately to ensure at least 95 per cent fleet utilization and eliminate all missed trips, the same DTC fleet can carry additional 5 lakh commuters. If another 2,000 buses are added and utilized fully, 19 lakh more commuters can be catered to. Thus, overall capacity can be created to carry at least 24 lakh additional passengers during this fortnight. Congested roads in Delhi have slowed down the bus and journey speed for bus commuters. Odd and even number programme can address that: Two cars occupy same road space as one bus but carry just two persons on an average whereas one bus carries at least 60 persons -- 30 times the number of passengers in cars. Bus can displace anywhere between 5 and 50 other vehicles and allow enormous oil and pollution savings. As a public policy, roads will have to be designed to allow priority to buses. The Delhi government has started painting the bus lanes. But the sanctity of bus lanes will have to be protected with strong enforcement. Otherwise the investment that Delhi will make to fulfill the Supreme Court mandate of 10,000 buses will be wasteful as buses will not meet the objective of improving bus transport service. It is appalling that bus services have been curtailed from neighbourhoods of Delhi due to congestion. The glaring example is that of Chittaranajan Park where out of seven services only one remains. Like the Delhi Metro, remove taxes on buses to make it more affordable: It is ironical that for providing public transport services buses are burdened with a huge tax burden. The Delhi metro enjoys a wide range of tax exemption that includes property tax, sales tax, capital gains tax, custom, excise, income tax etc. But buses pay property tax, octroi, excise, entry tax, VAT, central excise, custom duty, excise duty on consumption, excise and VAT on spare parts, motor vehicle tax, advertisement tax etc. Roy Chowdhury said, “Public transport is for public good. Exempt bus transport from taxes. Ironically, buses in Delhi pay more road tax than cars. Bus transport has become more expensive than using a two-wheeler on a kilometer basis. There is barely any tax on personal vehicle usage. The Master Plan of Delhi 2021 has set target of 80 per cent public transport share by 2020. The RITES has estimated that buses can help to meet at least 73 per cent of the target. Buses allow greater flexibility, geographical coverage, cost-effectiveness and space efficiency; they can flexibly and easily meet the needs of changes in demography and land use. It can cover areas with lower travel demand. Odd and even number formula is an opportunity for Delhi to make the existing public transport services more efficient and reliable. The systems created for this programme should lay the foundation for the future reforms for lasting impact on air quality. CSE recommends an immediate strategy needs to be put in place which would include the following measures: Immediately implement plan to operate DTC, DIMTS, cluster buses and hired buses at least 95 per cent fleet utilization to augment the number of passengers that can be carried Enforce bus lanes to ensure improvement in journey speed of buses to provide reliable and frequent bus service Announce and monitor bus time tables. Provide public information Intensify metro service, and facilitate organized deployment of taxis, autos and e rickshaws and other para transit systems. Protect commuters from over-charging. Encourage institutions to organise car-pooling. Provide for safe and barrier-free walking and cycling in the city: All concerned government agencies should implement traffic calming methods and protective measures for walkers and cyclists to help them access destination safely and conveniently. Enforce parking restraints on pavements and penalize illegal parking during this programme. Limit legal parking areas across the city and demarcate them on the ground. Impose high penalty for illegal parking on public space. Levy high parking charges and also price residential parking in public spaces.	https://www.cseindia.org/make-bus-the-game-changer-says-cse-6199
Publication Date: 23 March 2020 (online) - Abstract - Introduction - Material and Methods - Results - Discussion - Conclusion - References Abstract A myofascial trigger point (MTrP) is a hyperirritable area of a skeletal muscle, of nodular appearance on palpation and located in a taut band. One of the techniques for the treatment of MTrP is dry needling (DN). The aim of the present work was to determine whether treatment with DN is effective in terms of pain relief and improvement of muscle weakness. For this purpose, differences in the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the Brzycki Test were observed before and after treatment of an active MTrP of the rectus femoris. In total, 5 patients received the treatment, of which 80% showed an improvement in pain and an increase in submaximal strength. Although it is not possible to establish a causal relationship, the results appear consistent with our hypothesis that DN is able to generally improve the symptoms of pain and weakness that appeared in patients. # Introduction A myofascial trigger point (MTrP) is a hypersensitive area of a skeletal muscle with a nodular appearance upon palpation, which is located on a taut band. Considering the clinical characteristics of MTrPs, they can be classified as active or latent. A latent MTrP is a sensitive spot with pain that is only felt in response to different types of stimulation, although maintaining other typical characteristics, such as the appearance of a taut band and limitation of the range of movement. In contrast, an active MTrP is a spot that is characterized by a local spontaneous and/or mechanical and/or referred pain that is provoked by movement, compression or stretching. Many health professionals have recognized MTrPs as the most common cause of pain and dysfunction within the musculoskeletal system. They can affect 85% of the general population, with a prevalence that varies between 30% and 93%; this variation is explained by the fact that there is no consensus on the diagnostic criteria. Muscle dysfunction generated by MTrPs is characterized, among other aspects, by shortening, weakness, fatigue, discoordination and own and referred inhibition, characteristics that tend to be of greater magnitude in active MTrPs. For the treatment of MTrPs, one of the techniques most used by physiotherapists is dry needling (DN). The American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) has defined DN as a “skillful intervention using a thin filiform needle to penetrate the skin and stimulate underlying MTrPs, muscular and connective tissues for the management of neuromusculoskeletal impairments”. For an invasive technique to be effective for the treatment of MTrPs, profound knowledge of the anatomy is essential, together with the ability to identify trigger points through palpation, as well as an exquisite skill in the identification of the MTrP. The exact location of the MTrP, the precision in the use of DN, as well as the ability to elicit local twitch responses (LTRs) are essential for its effectiveness, especially during the deep dry needling (DDN) techniques, in which the needle goes through the MTrP. Considering that the weakness of some muscles can be related to the appearance of a MTrP, whether latent or active, it is necessary to assess muscle strength as well as the perceived level of pain after treatment with DN. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of DDN regarding pain and submaximal muscle strength of the rectus femoris in people with one or more active MTrPs in this muscle. # Material and Methods Design A prospective case series study was performed, in which the submaximal strength of the rectus femoris was quantified together with the subjective perception of pain before and after the performance of the DDN technique. The present study was performed following the Case Report (CARE) clinical practice guidelines. # Population The sample was recruited from a sports center in Zaragoza, Spain. The subjects had to fulfil the following inclusion criteria: presenting an active MTrP in the rectus femoris with referred pain to the area of the patella, being physically active, and having signed the informed consent form. The present study excluded subjects who had suffered a previous lesion in the muscle assessed, those who had undergone invasive physical therapy treatment during the three months prior to the study and/or regular pharmacological treatment during the previous month, and individuals with needle phobia. # Procedure Initially, participants were explained the purpose of the study, and they were given a brief introduction on the physiology of MTrPs and the DDN technique. Two physical therapists were involved in the study. One physical therapist assessed the pain and submaximal strength values both pre- and post-treatment, whereas a second physical therapist was in charge of performing the intervention. Prior to the assessment and intervention, a muscle warm-up was performed on a static bicycle during 10 minutes, with a minimum resistance of 1. # Assessment To evaluate the submaximal strength of the rectus femoris, the Brzycki test was used, which is based on the number of repetitions lifting submaximal weight that one can perform before fatigue. Based on this information, the submaximal weight that a person can correctly move in one repetition is calculated using the following formula: 1 Repetition Maximum (1 RM) = total displaced load (Kg) / Brzycki index. This test was performed on the quadriceps bench (Selection Quadriceps Extension, Technogym, Cesena, Forlì-Cesena, Italy) due to the associated ease to maintain the correct posture, avoiding compensations, as well as the possibility of performing a unilateral evaluation. The participants were asked to perform the test (maximum of 15 repetitions) with an estimated weight for each person until the resistance offered was impossible to bear. The total displaced weight was recorded, as well as the number of repetitions, to calculate the Brzycki index and the 1RM. In addition, before and after the DDN was performed, the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used, and the participants were asked to quantify their pain from 0 to 10, with 0 meaning absence of pain, and 10, the maximum bearable pain. A change of two points on this scale is considered clinically significant. # Intervention The patients were placed in supine position on the treatment table with a wedge below the lower limb to enable 30° of hip flexion, 30° of knee flexion and a slight external hip rotation of ∼ 15°. The intervention consisted of one session of DDN on the active MTrP of the rectus femoris. This MTrP is commonly found between 10 cm and 15 cm below the anteroinferior iliac spine, presenting a pattern of referred pain toward the knee, the patella and around this area. The MTrPs were identified by palpation of the rectus femoris muscle, which was performed perpendicular to the muscle fibers. A physical therapist trained in locating MTrPs performed the physical exam. The DDN technique was applied using needles (Agupunt, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain) with a guide tube measuring 0.30 × 6 cm. The area was previously cleaned and disinfected using an antiseptic solution (70% propan-2-ol, Skin-des, Antiseptica, Pulheim, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany). The technique used for the DDN was the fast-in and fast-out technique with multiple insertions, as described by Chou et al, which consists of the insertion of the needle quickly up and down, without rotating it, in the area of the MTrP to achieve as many LTRs as possible within the tolerance level of each patient. # # Results The sample comprised 2 men and 3 women, whose ages ranged between 21 and 42 years. Regarding the assessment of submaximal strength of the rectus femoris, the results obtained are shown in [Table 1], with a mean of 35.70 kg. The final mean weight was 39.32 kg, with an increase of 3.62 kg. Up to 80% of the patients increased their submaximal strength compared with the first assessment. Only 1 subject, participant 4, did not obtain any improvement in the submaximal knee extension strength ([Table 1]). \| \| Participants \| \| Preintervention \| \| Postintervention \| \| 1 \| \| 35.23 \| \| 36.84 \| \| 2 \| \| 26.67 \| \| 32.74 \| \| 3 \| \| 33.88 \| \| 36.83 \| \| 4 \| \| 46.68 \| \| 45.00 \| \| 5 \| \| 36.00 \| \| 45.18 The participants underwent a pain assessment based on the VAS before (6.2 points) and after (4.2 points) the application of the DDN technique. Up to 80% of the participants showed a reduction of 2.5 points on the VAS regarding pain after the application of DDN, whereas 1 subject (participant 4) did not experience changes after the intervention ([Table 2]). \| \| Participants \| \| Preintervention \| \| Postintervention \| \| 1 \| \| 7 \| \| 4 \| \| 2 \| \| 8 \| \| 6 \| \| 3 \| \| 4 \| \| 2 \| \| 4 \| \| 6 \| \| 6 \| \| 5 \| \| 6 \| \| 3 # Discussion The aim of the present case series was to describe changes in the level of submaximal muscle strength and pain immediately after a session of DDN on the rectus femoris. The findings suggest that DDN may increase the submaximal strength in the short term after a single session. These findings contrast with a recent meta-analysis that concluded that a large number of the studies performed in the region of the thigh and knee do not show changes in muscle strength immediately after the application of DN. Further studies are required to clarify the specific effect of DDN on the improvement in muscle strength in the short, mid and long terms. Our results indicate a beneficial effect regarding pain quantified using the VAS scale in 80% of the participants, considering that a change of 2 points on this scale is considered clinically significant. According to the available literature, the best technique for the total and immediate inactivation of MTrPs is the technique of rapid needle insertions, which has obtained satisfactory results for the elimination of pain immediately after application. In a case series on cubital tunnel syndrome, improvements were observed regarding the reduction of pain in the second DDN session compared with our study; therefore, DN is thought to act according to the gate control theory, supporting the liberation of endogenous opioids. The present study has several limitations worth noting. One of the limitations concerns the size of the sample, as only participants who fulfilled the selection criteria during the recruitment period were included. Furthermore, the study lacked a control group. Another limitation is the number of DDN sessions, considering that, although we sought to evaluate possible changes in strength and pain after a single session, this may be insufficient for the deactivation of the MTrPs of the rectus femoris; therefore, the results obtained regarding submaximal muscle strength and pain could be largely modified with further DDN sessions. Moreover, by performing further sessions, we could have assessed the extent to which adding more sessions may offer additional improvements. Lastly, it is necessary to perform assessments in the mid and long term, to enable follow-up, as well as the use of an isokinetic dynamometry device to ensure a more controlled assessment and intervention. # Conclusion Although it is not possible to establish a causal relationship, the results of the present case study showed that 80% of the participants treated with DDN of active MTrPs in the rectus femoris improved their submaximal muscle strength and pain. Future research is required with larger samples to verify the effect of DDN in patients with active MTrPs in the rectus femoris. # # Conflict of Interests The authors have no conflict of interests to declare.	https://www.thieme-connect.de/products/ejournals/html/10.1055/s-0040-1701290?articleLanguage=en
Scientists use smart technology to monitor endangered seabirds off the coast of Anglesey Scientists are rolling out an array of technology to understand if an endangered seabird species will suffer further decline under future climate change and extreme weather events. The research, led by scientists from Bangor University, focuses on a nationally important colony of European shag (Gulosus aristotelis) on Puffin Island, near Anglesey. Numbers of European shags have been declining in recent years, putting them onto the red list of birds under the highest threat of extinction in the UK. GPS trackers, accelerometers, miniature bird-borne cameras and time-lapse photography are some of the technologies being used by the team, which also includes researchers from Lancaster University and the Universities of Liverpool and Cumbria. The footage from the miniaturised cameras captures the birds diving for fish, providing data to help researchers understand how weather conditions may affect the foraging behaviour and success of a diving seabird species. The research is the first time this technology has been used on seabirds on Puffin Island. The accelerometers – a kind of speedometer – record how fast the bird is moving and how it twists and turns in the sea in pursuit of prey. PhD student Claire Carrington, from Bangor University’s School of Ocean Sciences is presenting the research today [August 23] at the International Seabird Group Conference in Cork. She said: “We piloted the technologies on European shags on Puffin Island this year and they worked really well, so we’re aiming to fit them to more birds next year. “We’ve chosen to work with the European shags, as they are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of extreme weather and remain in coastal areas year-round. The data we’re collecting will give us insights for both shags and similar diving birds such as the Great cormorant.” They hope that the data will help them to understand how the European shag and Great cormorant, will respond to different weather conditions and predict whether they will be resilient enough to cope with the more extreme weather brought on by climate change. Roosting sites Time-lapse cameras which take photos every 30 minutes are also installed all year round at key roosting sites around the North Wales coast, where the shags and cormorants dry their feathers off after fishing. Neither bird has totally waterproof plumage. This helps them to dive, by reducing their buoyancy, but means that they have to dry their wings after diving. The researchers are collaborating with computer scientists from Bangor University to develop bespoke software to automate the counting of seabirds, in thousands of images. Lead researcher from Bangor University, Dr James Waggitt said: “Cormorants and shags are very recognisable, and many people will have seen them around the coast, drying their wings out on the rocks. “But although they are a common sight, their populations are still at risk in the UK, which is why it’s so important to better understand the threats they face and how they are responding.” During the breeding season, other time-lapse cameras, taking pictures every ten minutes, have also been installed at nests on Puffin Island to see how regularly the birds are returning to feed their chicks. The team plan to gather additional data using these technologies over the next two years. The results will then be combined with archive data on both the Great cormorant and European shag populations going back to 1985, and compared with modelled weather conditions to understand the potential future impacts of a changing climate on coastal seabird populations. Support our Nation today For the price of a cup of coffee a month you can help us create an independent, not-for-profit, national news service for the people of Wales, by the people of Wales.	https://nation.cymru/news/researchers-use-smart-technology-to-monitor-endangered-seabirds-off-the-coast-of-anglesey/
Initiate a Congressional Investigation supported by the truth movement This post is in support of Alvin R who rightly pointed out a need for focus on specific goals by the truth movement. Alvin proposed directing the movements effort towards starting a reinvestigation of 9-11. His proposal was met with a lot of criticism by other bloggers, however much of the criticism validated the feasibility of embarking on an investigation by pointing out that a lot of important evidence actually exists already. The chief problem it turns out is that much of the evidence is not being entertained by the courts or the administration in the current political climate. This leaves the alternative, a Congressional investigation as a means to uncover the truth and identify the real perpetrators. I would like to add that an important, and perhaps initial goal of the investigation should be to publicly debunk and lay to rest the official conspiracy theory as embodied by the 9-11 Commission report. To get a Congressional investigation rolling I'd like to suggest the following actions: 1. Package the idea of an investigation so it can be shown to other members of the movement. 2. Float this proposal to 911bogger and other 9-11 truth groups with a sign-up sheet, get a sort of consensus from a broad front of truthers and modify the proposal based on their inputs 3. With the proposal getting a significant number of signed up supporters, submit it to members of the truth movement who are in the best position to approach and interact with representatives in Congress. Sample proposal --------------------------------------------- A PROPOSAL TO THE 9-11 TRUTH MOVEMENT TO INITIATE A CONGRESSIONAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EVENTS OF 9-11 The following list of actions is submitted for your inputs and approval in furtherance of our goal to have an open and truthful public inquiry into the events of September 11, 2001. Should you approve of the actions as outlined please make a blog response indicating so. Suggestions and corrections are welcome as well. 1. Submit a proposal to representative Dennis Kucinich and Ron Paul to open a Congressional investigation of 9-11. 2. Arrange a meeting between a 9-11 truth team and the representatives to convince them of the need for the investigation as well as the best theories on what transpired and who are behind the conspiracy. The representatives must be convinced to let the best experts in the truth community to sit in the congressional investigation and provide inputs. 3. The members of the truth team will be composed of David Griffin, Webster Tarpley, William Rodriguez and Steven Jones. The truth team shall be assigned to determine if the representatives can be entrusted with spearheading the investigation and looking for alternatives should the ones they first meet seem to be less than genuine in their support of the movement. 4. The 9-11 truth team shall submit a list of issues that the investigation should pursue - evidence of an inside job; media complicity in the coverup; the release of foreign agents and suspects captured by the FBI after 9-11; misinformation and coverup by the 9-11 Comission, FEMA and other agencies ; airliner stock insider trading; WTC insurance scam, whistle blowers under court orders, etc. 5. When the investigation is in progress, the 9-11 movement members sitting in will provide updates after every session to the rest of the 9-11 community and the public at large. 6. In support of the investigation, the 9-11 truth movement will organize actions for political pressure (rallies, press releases, telephone/text message/IM/email brigades, alternative media exposure,etc). Political action will be resorted to whenever there are roadblocks imposed by other politicians who are hampering the investigation. A group convened within the movement will analyze the progress of the investigation and shall direct political actions as necessary to overcome roadblocks. 7. In further support of the investigation, the truth movement shall provide other assistance such as locating expert witnesses, research, whatever help is needed that the movement can provide. 8. A fund raising campaign will be launched to finance some of this political or media actions, I suppose the movement can solicit some funds from big name actors who have already expressed support for 9-11 truth. There is also a growing grassroots movement that may be willing to part with some funds to get a real investigation going. 9. In return for an honest effort to investigate 9-11, the movement will offer its endorsement to the representative if he runs for another elective position as well as to other representatives who show active support for the investigation. 10. There is no guarantee that the investigation will succeed in gathering info for eventually prosecuting all the perpetrators of 9-11. But at a minimum, it is expected to expose once and for all that the official government conspiracy blaming Al Quaeda as the culprits is not supported by the evidence. 11. In the course of the investigation, attempts to derail the effort by any congressmen or executive will be documented and be the basis for a negative publicity campaign by the truth movement should they ever run again for an electoral office. ------------------------- Disclaimer: Participation in forming, approving or executing the proposal above does not absolve 9-11 truthers from their everyday task of grassroots education, passing out truth DVDs and any other 9-11 truth activity they were previously doing. - juandelacruz2's blog - Login to post comments Great idea Great idea and a well written blog. I think theres enough talented people from all ranges of life that contribute to the movement and this blogger, to make this happen. This was well a written and structured outline. This can really be an asset to those with the skills to help make this happen. - Login to post comments - 3 votes Good one. I agree that we Good one. I agree that we need to start doing stuff like this. The 9-11 Truth movement is made up of many different types, so it will always be important to have basic goals expressed in simple language shorn of ideological slant. We can get more people to adopt these goals by repeating them often enough and in the right contexts, and by being willing to change them if circumstances so warrant. I am 100% behind your basic goal of a new Congressional investigation. If people do not like this goal or believe they have a better one, please say what it is! This basic goal may sound too simple or naive, but it follows logically from our current position and makes for good politics as it is practical, reasonable, and likely to have wide appeal. It is hard to disagree with it. How we go about achieving this goal may take more than one form. I like your suggestions above but believe that we should also be open to small groups and individuals going at it in any way they like. For me, the bottom line is there needs to be more focus on a clear and attainable goal. Not every one will always go along with the goal, but all we need is to have most people agree most of the time. We all want to push and most of us are. And if we push in different places, that is good. But if we all push at the same place, the house will be tumbling down. I guarantee that. Last point, if you do not like the basic goal described above, WHAT DO YOU PROPOSE INSTEAD? endorsement count I hope to gather 10000 individuals supporting this proposal (or whatever it evolves to based on your inputs). Current number of endorsements: 4 Endorsed by: 1. Lemonhoko 2. Alvin R 3. Lokijohn 4. Orangutan This is going nowhere, if anyone wants to use this proposal, go ahead. I'm leaving this as is. Approaches Apparently the Jersey Girls have their 15,000 signatures, so they will be returning to Congress. http://www.petitiononline.com/mod_perl/signed.cgi?july10 Other than having standing (as they do), and/or walking into Congress to approach legislators in person, I'm not sure what we can do. We can present better arguments, but if they won't listen, they won't listen. Perhaps the United Nations can make statements? Other countries (such as Venezuela) have already voiced skepticism about the 9/11 attacks. They just ignore that too for the most part. Perhaps if Russia or China said something they would have to respond. I will be working on a new article that lays down evidence against individuals for perjury, obstruction of justice and aiding and abetting known terrorists. One would hope if clear evidence of perjury under oath is shown in black and white that "lawmakers" would feel obliged to at least acknowledge the fact. So far, no. 70 Disturbing Facts About 9/11 John Doraemi publishes Crimes of the State Blog http://crimesofthestate.blogspot.com/ johndoraemi --at-- yahoo.com. - Login to post comments - 3 votes Hi John, Hi John, Can I add you to my list of endorsers? The 9-11 truth team should approach the representatives in such a way that if they refuse to cooperate, they will be put on record doing so. This way, if it turns out that all Congressional representatives are beholden to the conspirators, we at least have it on record and can adjust our next move. I also hope that an international effort be started to investigate 9-11. My grounds for the international investigation are: 1. The 9-11 conspiracy was used as justification for the invasion on Afghanistan where thousands were subsequently killed. 2. The conspiracy was international in nature, some evidence points to involvement of foreign agents in 9-11 itself, some events such as the bombing in the London subway and attempted bombing in Mexico can be linked as part of the whole conspiracy which in the end seemed aimed at justifying the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq. Anti terrorism laws that have curtailed citizen's rights were passed in several countries in response to 9-11. 3. The myth of the official conspiracy theory was used as a justification for soliciting troops from other countries to deploy in Afghanistan. Some of those foreign troops have lost their lives. The citizens of those countries may be very interested to learn that the justification for sending their soldiers to that war was based on a false flag operation rather than the alleged Islamic terrorist action. An initial goal of the international investigation is similar to the Congressional investigation, to find out what happened on 9-11 based on evidence and point out that the official conspiracy was bogus. This alone could prove that the invasion of Afghanistan was illegal. The secondary goal is to identify the real culprits.and to build a whole picture of what is happening in the US, UK, Australia, Israel and other countries allegedly involved. The first goal is actually bloody easy to prove, WTC 7 footage shows controlled demolition which cannot be attributed to AlQuaeda, ergo the Afghanistan invasion was illegal. All that is needed are honest investigators. The findings from this can be endorsed to the UN for resolutions calling for immediate US withdrawal from Afghanistan, maybe a symbolic arms embargo on the US. The secondary goal is much harder, but even if the culprits cannot be identified, nor all pieces of the story tied together, the body can endorse it's findings to another investigation, perhaps a criminal investigation under the WORLD COURT. I hope we can get the assistance of experts in international law to find the proper institution to do the investigation. Another thing I hope the truth movement would do is to link up with truthers in other countries. Perhaps their assistance can be solicited to initiate the international investigation and to provide political pressure from abroad. Should the proposed US Congressional investigation take off, I hope we can get truthers from other countries to coordinate media campaigns. Maybe truthers in other countries can persuade their president or prime ministers into publicly debunking the official conspiracy theory as have Venezuela's and Iran's. There are people who support 9-11 truth in other countries, the US movement only has to reach out and ask for help. Just imagine if controlled demolition experts from abroad testify in the UN that WTC7 was definitely a CD, what a day for truth that would be. If no Congressional representatives from the US will participate in an investigation, then the effort can be shifted to supporting the international investigation instead. Well said, Juandelacruz2. Well said, Juandelacruz2. This is a good approach. - Login to post comments - 1 vote In Support! Hey Juan. I'm in support of this approach and think the planning and outline of it is excellent. You can add me to the list. Also. hat tip to Alvin for starting this discussion. It was necessary and a little order to the chaos is probably a good thing for our movement. :) Peace.	http://911blogger.com/news/2007-05-13/initiate-congressional-investigation-supported-truth-movement

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