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As already discussed, layers are the most important image components for image manipulation. They are the basic raw materials you want to work with and combine. In most every GIMP project, layers need to be moved, resized, positioned, transformed, cut, pasted, and so on. These types of layer operations are discussed in this section.
One of the most basic layer operations is positioning. Compositing from a set of raw image materials requires that the various components, each on a separate layer, be appropriately positioned. This section describes several techniques for layer positioning.
Moving a layer is accomplished using the Move tool. This tool is invoked by clicking on the Toolbox button displaying the four-way arrow icon. Clicking on this tool changes the mouse cursor to a four-way arrow when it is in the image window. Clicking and dragging while the cursor is in the image window causes the layer underneath the mouse cursor to move. The layer affected is the one that is highest in the layer stack and has pixels more than 50% opaque under the mouse cursor (see Section 5.7 for more on opacity and transparency). This means that if the top layer is transparent at the mouse cursor position, it is not moved. This also means that if the active layer is transparent at the mouse cursor position it is not moved. Rather, it is the first layer from the top that has more than 50% opaque pixels under the mouse cursor that is moved. Alternatively, the active layer can be forced to move by Shift-clicking and dragging. This moves the active layer regardless of its visibility, degree of transparency, or position with respect to the cursor.
Sometimes a layer needs to be positioned more carefully than can be easily judged by eye. Under these circumstances, it is often convenient to use guides to facilitate their placement. Guides are useful because they have a snapping property . A layer released sufficiently near a guide will jump to the guide position. The snapping property of guides is controlled by the Snap to Guides checkbox in the Image:View menu. The checkbox must be toggled on for the snapping property to work.
To illustrate how guides are useful for layer positioning, the three
planet images shown in Figures 2.13(a), (b), and (c)
The objective is to organize the planets on a diagonal, but with a uniform black border between them and the window edge. This was done by placing two horizontal and two vertical guides in the image window, each positioned exactly three ruler tick marks from the edge. Where do the guides come from? Well, they are hidden inside the rulers at the left and top edges of the image window. Clicking on a ruler and then dragging the mouse into the image window drags a guide along with it. Releasing the mouse button positions the guide. Any number of guides can be created in this way. Once the guides are positioned, their visibility can be toggled on or off with the Toggle Guides function, found in the Image:View menu, or by typing C-S-t in the image window.
The guides can be seen in Figure 2.14 as blue dashed lines. The Jupiter and Earth layers were positioned with the Move tool so that their corners were aligned at the cross-hairs of the guides. It can be seen that the active layer, designated by the yellow dashed boundaries shown in Figure 2.14, are perfectly aligned with the guides. That the layers snapped to the guides simplified the positioning operation. When no longer needed, the guides can be moved off the image by first activating the Move tool from the Toolbox and then using the mouse to drag the guides back into the rulers.
As was seen in Figures 2.2 and 2.10(a), the layers in an image need not all be the same size. Furthermore, changing a layer's dimensions can be quite useful. In the parlance of the GIMP, a layer can be resized, which means that its boundaries are shrunk or enlarged without changing the dimensions of the image's contents. Alternatively, a layer can be scaled, which means that the dimensions of the layer are changed and the image contents are stretched or squeezed to exactly fit within the new layer boundaries. Six functions in the GIMP resize or scale layers and images:
Scaling an image results in changing the dimensions of all the layers
at once, while simultaneously stretching or squeezing the image
contents to fit. The function Scale Image , found in the Image:Image menu, is the tool that
accomplishes this. Figure 2.15(a)
At first blush it would seem that the Canvas Size function found in the Image:Image menu should work in a similar fashion to Scale Image. However, there is an important difference between resizing an image and scaling it. Because the image contents do not change with the image boundaries, there is a non-unique choice in how they are positioned within the resized image window. Thus, when resizing to a smaller image window, the position of the image within the new window depends on the values for the new width, height, and X and Y offsets.
Figure 2.16
A better solution is to resize the image interactively using the Crop tool.
Figure 2.17
The result of using the Crop tool to nicely frame the wolf's head is shown in Figure 2.17(a). When using this tool, the Crop dialog appears, as shown in Figure 2.17(b). It is possible to crop the image by clicking on the Crop button in the dialog or by simply clicking inside the crop rectangle in the image window. This makes the image smaller and simultaneously discards the image parts outside of the window. Alternatively, the image can be resized by clicking on the Resize button in the Crop dialog. This makes the image window smaller without discarding the image parts outside the resulting window.
Figure 2.17(c) shows the result of cropping the image to the crop rectangle seen in Figure 2.17(a). From the above discussion, it should be clear that there is really no reason to use Canvas Size to make an image window smaller. It is simply more convenient to do it with the Crop tool.
Although Canvas Size is not optimum for making an image smaller,
it is quite useful for making it larger. This is especially valuable
when compositing several raw images. Typically you discover, after
positioning various imported layers, that the resulting image window
is not large enough to adequately frame the composition. When this
happens, Canvas Size is the tool that fixes the problem.
Figure 2.18
Figure 2.18(a) shows the original image, and Figure 2.18(b) shows the Set Canvas Size dialog box. This time the X and Y ratios are scaled to 125% of the original. The result is shown in Figure 2.18(c). Once the image window has been resized it is possible to reposition the image layer or layers using the Move tool.
As has already been discussed in this section, it is possible to scale an entire image. However, it is also possible to scale a single layer within an image. There are two tools for doing this in the GIMP: the Scale Layer function, found in the Layers menu, and the Transform tool in the Toolbox.
As for entire images, a layer can be scaled either smaller or larger. The most typical use of layer scaling is to adjust the relative size of an image on one layer with respect to an image in another. This is needed for almost every compositing project (for examples, see Chapter 7). When it is necessary to scale a layer smaller, either the Scale Layer function or the scaling option of the Transform tool will do the trick. However, the Transform tool might be preferable because it provides interactive control of the scaling process. Scale Layer relies on entering numbers into entry boxes in a dialog. It is difficult to choose the correct dimensions, which leads to repeatedly applying Scale Layer and Undo until the desired effect is achieved.
The problem of finding the right dimensions to scale a layer can sometimes be solved using the Measure tool, which is discussed in more detail in Section 2.6.5. A good example of using the Measure tool to determine the appropriate amount to rescale a layer is given in Section 7.5. Alternatively, the Transform tool provides interactive visual feedback of the scaling process. In addition, it can be used in conjunction with the Bezier Path tool and the Transform Lock icon in the Paths dialog to get very fine, interactive scaling control. The technique for this is discussed in Section 3.4.1, and a relevant example is shown in Section 7.2.
Scaling a layer larger should be avoided if possible, because this operation requires the interpolation of pixel values. Interpolation is an approximation process that creates pixels where there were none before and that, consequently, partially degrades the layer's image quality. Thus, when adjusting the relative sizes of several image components on different layers, it is preferable to scale down the larger components to match the size of the smaller ones rather than vice versa.
In the event that it is necessary to scale a layer larger, it is important to know that a layer cannot be scaled to dimensions larger than those of the existing image boundaries. To scale a layer to dimensions greater than these limits, the image window must first be resized larger using the function Canvas Size, previously discussed.
As with scaling, a layer can be resized smaller or larger. This is done with Layer Boundary Size, found in the Layers menu. Typically you resize a layer to a smaller dimension to eliminate undesirable parts. However, resizing a layer smaller has the same problem as resizing an image. That is, the subject matter of the layer must be properly positioned within the resulting layer boundaries. For images, the positioning problem was solved using the Crop tool, but this will not work for resizing layers. Fortunately there is a simple procedure that produces the same effect and allows for the interactive positioning of the layer contents within the smaller layer boundaries.
Figures 2.19 and 2.20 illustrate
The result of resizing the layer smaller is shown in
Figure 2.21.
Although there are good reasons to resize an image larger, it is difficult to imagine a good reason for resizing a layer larger. However, due probably to a rationale of symmetry, a layer can be resized larger. It should be noted that, as for layer scaling, the GIMP does not allow a layer to be resized to dimensions larger than the window boundaries of an image. To resize a layer larger than the current image boundaries, the image must first be resized to accommodate it.
The active layer can be flipped around its vertical or horizontal axes with the Flip tool from the Toolbox. A flip is performed by clicking on the Flip tool icon, represented by a two-way arrow in the Toolbox, and then by clicking in the image window. When in the image window, the mouse cursor appears as a two-way arrow that is oriented horizontally for horizontal flips and vertically for vertical flips.
As an example of using the Flip tool,
Figure 2.22(a)
Note that if the Horizontal radio button is selected in the Tool Options dialog the flip option can be momentarily toggled to Vertical by Control-clicking in the image window. Similarly, if the Vertical radio button is selected in the dialog, the option can be toggled to Horizontal option by Control-clicking in the image window.
An image or layer can be rotated in 90o increments using the Rotate menus. For an image, use the Image:Image/Transforms/Rotate menu shown in
Figure 2.23(a).
General transformations of a layer can be done using the Transform tool from the Toolbox. This tool can perform rotation, scaling, shearing, and perspective transformations of the active layer. As usual, care must be taken to specify the active layer before applying this tool.
Figure 2.24(a)
Transforming a layer requires interpolation of pixel values, and this can introduce some jagged-edge artifacts into the result. The toggle button labeled Smoothing diminishes this effect, which is why it is on by default. It does tend to make the image a little less sharp, though (see Section 6.4.1 for a discussion of how to recover some of the lost sharpness).
The Tool paradigm area of the dialog has two options. The default is Traditional, which maps the image to a transformed grid (see Figure 2.26). For those who like to go against the grain, the Corrective option maps the transformed grid to the image, thus producing an inverse transformation. For example, rotating the transform grid in one direction with the Corrective option maps the grid back to the image, making the image itself rotate in the opposite direction. Sound complicated? It isn't. Just try it yourself and you'll see.
Figures 2.25
For each of the Transform options, Rotation, Scaling, Shearing, or Perspective, the first mouse click on the image brings up a dialog specific to the chosen option. This mouse click also displays a grid superimposed on the active layer in the image window. The number of grid lines can be controlled from the Tool Options dialog (see Figure 2.24(b)). The grid lines can be seen in Figure 2.25(c). Placing the mouse cursor within the active layer in the image window changes the cursor in accordance with the type of transformation to be performed. The image outline and grid can then be transformed by clicking and dragging. The transformation of the grid can be adjusted as many times as desired because the transformation of the image is not initiated until the option transform button is clicked. For example, the Rotate button in Figure 2.26(b) must be clicked to cause the actual rotation of the image.
As the grid is rotated for the Rotate option of the Transform tool, the angle is interactively reported in the Rotation Information dialog. The rotated outline for an angle of 25o is shown in Figure 2.26(a). As already stated, once the desired angle of rotation is found, the image itself is rotated by clicking on the Rotate button, seen in the dialog shown in Figure 2.26(b). The resulting rotated layer is shown in Figure 2.26(c).
As an alternative to interactively rotating the grid with the mouse, the rotation can also be performed by entering a value into the Angle entry box or by using the slider in the Rotation dialog. Useful values of rotation can be determined with the Measure tool. An example of this is illustrated in Section 7.2.
Figure 2.27
Values can be entered into the Scaling dialog in a number of units, the default being pixels. It is often convenient to perform scaling as a percentage of the original dimensions (which are shown at the top of the Scaling dialog as the Original Width and Height). This can be done by choosing the % option from the pull-down menu in the dialog. Figure 2.27(b) shows that this choice was used to scale the grid in Figure 2.27(a) by 50% in both dimensions. When the Scale button in the dialog is clicked, this produces the result shown in Figure 2.27(c).
It is useful to be able to constrain the X and Y scale ratio so as to maintain their aspect ratio when scaling a layer with the Transform tool. This is done by pressing both the Control and Alt keys while using the mouse to scale the transform grid. Useful values for scaling can be determined using the Measure tool. Section 7.5 illustrates an example of this.
Figure 2.28
Perspective is perhaps the most intriguing option of the Transform tool. This option is illustrated in
Figure 2.29.
Figure 2.29(a) shows that the grid line feature provides very useful feedback for this particular tool. The lines help visualize the perspective warping that will take place once the Transform button is clicked in the Perspective Transform dialog. The perspective transform allows each of the four corners of the layer to be independently repositioned. The resulting image is warped to a general quadrilateral. Figure 2.29(c) shows the result of applying the perspective transform specified by the grid shown in Figure 2.29(a).
It should be noted that all the transforms can be used in conjunction with the Transform Lock option of the Paths dialog. This is extremely useful and is discussed in more detail in Section 3.4.1. A relevant example is shown in Section 7.2. | http://dig.cs.gc.cuny.edu/manuals/Gimp2/Grokking-the-GIMP-v1.0/node32.html |
Q:
How to find the number of pairs such that x$^2+y^2$ is a perfect square.
How to find the number of pairs such that $$x^2+y^2$$ is a perfect square.
where $x$ and $y$ are less than equal to $N$?
A:
Since you are asking about situations in which
$$
x^2 + y^2 = z^2
$$
that is just asking about how many Pythagorean triples exist with $z^2 < N$, which was discussed here on MathOverflow.
If you do not restrict yourself to $x,y$ being integers and instead allow them to be real numbers then you will have an infinite number of solutions.
To see why you get infinite solutions, choose some $z^2 < N$ and then select $y^2 < z^2$. Since you do not care if $y$ is an integer $y^2$ can be anything. Just then set $x^2$ to be
$$
x^2 = z^2 - y^2
$$
and it should be apparent why you get inifnite solutions
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In seeking to collaborate and support parents, McKinney Independent School District acknowledges that parents, like children and teachers, have opportunities to learn and grow at every stage over their life span. The Parent Engagement Program hopes to assist parents in reflecting on the process of their own growth alongside their children’s growth and development within the community.
The goal of the McKinney Independent School District Parent Engagement Program is to increase student achievement by engaging and empowering parents, as well as other stakeholders, to become actively involved in their children’s education across all grade levels.
The Parent Engagement program is comprised of three components: Education Series, Practical Parent Education, Brown Bag Bytes.
*The Education Series is focused in providing parents as well as the community at large with specialized content information on MISD’s educational programs. Coordinators, Counselors, Administrators and Directors will support the Education Series by conducting presentations during the academic school year.
*The Practical Parent Education component will offer parent education classes within the community. A series of 10 sessions will be presented by trained PPE instructors. Classes will be conducted in Spanish and English. Childcare will also be available.
*The Brown Bag Bytes component will offer online presentations for working parents at their worksites and for PTA’s and other organizations seeking to strengthen families. As the title suggests, they are designed to be made available at the work site, as “Brown Bag” lunch meetings lasting forty-five to sixty minutes.
Below you will find a link to of the MISD Parent Engagement Program Workshops scheduled for the Fall and Spring Semesters. The Brown Bag Bytes component will be rolled out in the coming months. | https://www.schools.mckinneyisd.net/press/2015/09/14/parent-engagement-program/ |
Addressing Youth Radicalization And Extremism Beyond Hunger And Unemployment
Perhaps, alongside the deleterious effects of climate change and natural disasters exacerbated by unsustainable socioeconomic practices, effects of increasing youth radicalization and extremism poses one of the most turbulent distractions to mainstream global issues. Unfortunately, global and local actors seem to misunderstand the potential and actual motivations surrounding this emerging phenomenon.
The mantra of hunger and unemployment is dominating local and international debates on the question. But there is apparently more to the question of radicalization and extremism, in relation to hunger and youths unemployment, than it reaches mainstream understanding.
There is global awe about a suddenly obvious proliferation of youth subscription into insurgent activities often propelled by extremist ideologies. That is a known fact. Vis-à-vis present demographic transitions, there is an ever rising trend of misguided population movements from rural peripheries into urban metropolis leading to alarmingly loud concentration of desperate youths in city centres especially in Africa. To that effect, it is ever more imperative to identify the vulnerabilities upon which youth radicalization and extremism lies.
The complications get even worse when we try to answer the question why youths are increasingly being agents of destruction instead of being productive members of their communities. These trends have provoked several narratives from different development angels. But whether these narratives exist in cluster or not, the question at stake is as we feel the impacts of Boko haram insurgents in North East Nigeria and Far North of Cameroon, Alshabaab insurgents in almost all of Somalia including Kenya and beyond, and the Tuareg insurgent groups in Mali who are just about to completely retreat into the deserts, are these narratives based on old thinking or do they offer new thinking, new forms of measurement and research into the root causes of why youths are increasingly being radicalized and mobilized into extreme groups.
Much has been argued about tackling the unemployment crises that is keeping many youth idle and leaving them vulnerable as destructive agents rather than constructive ones. Other arguments have emerged about the question of alleviating youth poverty as a critical step to mitigating exposure of youths to radicalization through extremist groups. These assumptions are good, but it remains to be seen if the discussion will in fact lead to more research and a greater focus on evidence-based approaches tackling the root causes of the issues. “Development efforts have often been driven by assumptions and not evidence,” said Keith Proctor, a senior policy researcher at Mercy Corps. In a summit held at the White House about countering violent extremism, the U.S. government signalled that it was going to look with greater sophistication at the root causes of violence.
There is no doubt that the narrative often held that poverty and unemployment were the primary motivators of violent extremism, but the factors that lead youths to become radicalized are much more complex. While not the crucial factor, jobs remain important, in part because unemployment, or underemployment, is illustrative of a number of other challenges. What about when youths perceive that they are shut out of important decisions and opportunities? Too often than not, during critical stages in youths lives, social and political exclusion can lead them to a point of anguish or hopelessness. “What we're seeing is that it's not just about jobs, it's a broader marginalization,” said Nicole Goldin, director of the Youth, Prosperity and Security Initiative at the Center for Strategic and International Studies.
As many misleading researches continue to live on the old thinking, governments and stakeholders must be clear it's not poverty alone that is leading youths into radicalization and extremism because while the vast majority of young Africans for the past half a century live in poverty and most of them are unemployed most of them are also very peaceful. In spite of the acknowledged exploitation of young people as canon fodders, the question of youths not finding identity, purpose and value in society is as important as any critical push factor. However, in all analysis than exist, it is hard to find any that is more important than the other.
African leaders from local and national levels are crisscrossing around the world looking for solutions to increasing violent conflicts resulting from increased involvement of young people into radicalized extreme groups. That is a sign of false hope. The push factors are self inflicted and solutions must be generic. Apart from push factors, pull factors such as personal rewards associated with membership of a radical group that offers economic gains than the governments does, that adds to ones fame and glory, and provides personal empowerment by owning a few dollars to buy a cell phone or appeal from religious ideology are critical inducements but relegated.
Often neglected are push factors such as corruption, weak governance to drive inclusive growth, lack of rule of law and social justice to address grievances, lack of social inclusion, grievances, a broader lack of opportunities that empower young people perceived marginalization. “Disenfranchisement, government corruption, ethnic divisions and exposure to violence are all critical factors”, said Proctor from Mercy Corps.
Any effective aversion of this state of affairs in Africa particularly requires broad based understanding of the push and pull factors. Addressing the question of corruption as it affects the marginalized and disenfranchised groups in society is critical. Creating holistic approaches to identify critical incentives to radicalization and extremism, and developing comprehensive programs that include youths at all level particularly the question of making them to feel a sense of identity, purpose and value, and creating space where they become productive other than being destructive members of the community. These are the tasks that should keep our government officials waking up early in the morning and sleeping late into the night. It is the task we all should be behind.
Thank you
***Tabi H. Joda, is a member of the Nigerian Network for Mass Atrocity Prevention NNeMAP. | https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/news/185720/addressing-youth-radicalization-and-extremism-beyond-hunger.html |
We offer a range of languages to study at beginner, intermediate and/or advanced level:
- Courses in each of the beginner/intermediate/advanced language subjects begin in September lasting for 35 weeks and this is usually the best time to enrol if you are new to a language. This allows you to develop and progress in your chosen language for a full year. It may be possible to join one of these courses part way through depending upon previous experience. You pay on a termly basis (3 times per year).
We cater for absolute beginners (no previous knowledge necessary) and also for those who wish to build on existing skills. The courses cover a range of topics and everyday situations, including meeting people, travelling, booking accommodation, food and drink, shopping as well as talking about yourself, your job and family.
A great way to prepare for your holiday or business trip. | https://www.aquinas.ac.uk/courses/adult-education-courses/language-courses/ |
About UCSC Recreation
Our mission is to provide the UCSC community with an opportunity to gain skills, have fun, be challenged, and make personal connections through outdoor, recreational and hands-on learning experiences.
- We offer a wide range of courses that provide opportunities for beginners as well as more experienced participants:
- You can expect well-organized classes, activities and informal teaching. Be prepared to be active and involved.
- Courses are led by Recreation Instructors and UCSC student leaders. Student leaders make up the foundation of the Recreation Department, bringing experience and enthusiasm to the programs they lead.
- Instructors range from community members to program developers who have extensive experience in the activity, class or workshop they offer.
- Both student leaders and instructors are hired for their skills, judgement and desire to provide meaningful opportunities for people to learn and grow.
- We encourage those with all backgrounds, levels of experience and abilities to participate. | https://www.ucscrecreation.com/general-info/ |
Open-source intelligence (OSINT) is data collected from publicly available sources to be used in an intelligence context. In the intelligence community, the term “open” refers to overt, publicly available sources (as opposed to covert or clandestine sources). It is not related to open-source software or public intelligence.
Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) is the collection and analysis of information that is gathered from public, or open, sources. OSINT is primarily used in national security, law enforcement, and business intelligence functions and is of value to analysts who use non-sensitive intelligence in answering classified, unclassified, or proprietary intelligence requirements across the previous intelligence disciplines.
OSINT sources can be divided up into six different categories of information flow:
- Media:, print newspapers, magazines, radio, and television from across and between countries.
- Internet, online publications, blogs, discussion groups, citizen media (i.e. – cell phone videos, and user created content), YouTube, and other social media websites (i.e. – Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, etc.). This source also outpaces a variety of other sources due to its timeliness and is easily accessible.
- Public Government Data, public government reports, budgets, hearings, telephone directories, press conferences, websites, and speeches. Although this source comes from an official source they are publicly accessible and may be used openly and freely.
- Professional and Academic Publications, information acquired from journals, conferences, symposia, academic papers, dissertations, and theses.
- Commercial Data, commercial imagery, financial and industrial assessments, and databases.
- Grey Literature, technical reports, preprints, patents, working papers, business documents, unpublished works, dissertations, and newsletters.
OSINT is distinguished from research in that it applies the process of intelligence to create tailored knowledge supportive of a specific decision by a specific individual or group. | https://www.cyberdefense.id/services/osint/ |
Enhancing the efficacy and empowerment of older adults through group formation.
Research suggests that efficacy and empowerment are necessary for social engagement and that a sense of efficacy and empowerment exerts positive influences on older adults. However, little is known about how individual efficacy and empowerment are affected by group efficacy and empowerment in later life. To assess the impact of group involvement on the individual, the authors conducted a follow-up study with members of an art guild for older adults. Qualitative data were collected in 1997 and 2001 to ascertain the members' perceptions of group goals and accomplishments, membership benefits, the effect on the community, societal views about older adults, and the impact of group activities on the individual. The results clearly indicated that collective efficacy and empowerment through social engagement were beneficial to members as individuals and as a group, and contributed to well-being through a general sense of accomplishment and pride.
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Guest essay by Eric Worrall Scientists have just discovered a 1.8 million square kilometre lake semi-molten carbonate (CO2) compounds under our feet - but still think the contribution of volcanoes to the annual CO2 emission budget is insignificant compared to human emissions. Scientists uncover huge reservoir of melting carbon under Western United States February 13,…
Hydrate lime is obtained when calcium oxide is mixed with water. Hydrate lime is available as hydrate lime crystal or hydrate lime powder. Our company is one of the prominent white hydrated lime manufacturers in India. Hydrate lime powder when mixed with acid it reacts violently and destroy metals in the presence of water.
What reaction occurs when a compound is broken up by heat? both of them have oxidation states of 0 (because they are in their elemental form). Thus, calcium carbonate decomposes via the
PDF | Thermal decomposition under both air and inert atmospheres of a commercial Mancozeb product was investigated through thermogravimetric analysis and laboratory scale thermal treatment from 20
2015-4-11 · Mineral Collection Images : My Mineral Collection, Miscellaneous Systematic Oxides Page San Benito County material. Montroydite can also be yellow is the crystal size is smaller (or powdered). It decomposes upon heating above 500°C to form mercury and oxygen. Thanks to John Green''s auction on eBay for the specimen! (a calcium tellurium
2019-4-27 · Calcium carbonate is strongly heated until it undergoes thermal decomposition to form calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. The calcium oxide (unslaked lime) is dissolved in water to form calcium hydroxide (limewater). Bubbling carbon dioxide through this forms a milky suspension of calcium carbonate.
2019-4-27 · Decomposition of a Carbonate . Sodium carbonate decomposes to form sodium oxide and carbon dioxide gas. Now let’s go step by step. Predict the products when solid calcium carbonate decomposes. Description of Action. Action. 1. Write the formula for the given reactant.
2019-4-26 · Ammonia is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH 3.The simplest pnictogen hydride, ammonia is a colourless gas with a characteristic pungent smell. It is a common nitrogenous waste, particularly among aquatic organisms, and it contributes significantly to the nutritional needs of terrestrial organisms by serving as a precursor to food and fertilizers.
Definition of decompose in US English - (with reference to a dead body or other organic matter) make or become rotten; decay or cause to decay ‘When heated, it decomposes into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide gas.’ ‘Without alysis, hydrogen peroxide decomposes slowly over time to form …
Figure 1-9 Diagram of the decomposition of calcium carbonate to give a white solid A (56.0% by mass) and a gas B (44.0% by mass). This decomposition into simpler substances at a fixed ratio proves that calcium carbonate is a compound. The white solid A further decomposes to give the elements calcium (71.5% by mass) and oxygen (28.5% by mass).
When water is added to the quicklime it becomes calcium hydroxide Ca (OH)2 or lime putty. From here the calcium hydroxide can then be shaped into a form and allowed to set. Carbon dioxide enters the lime putty as it dries causing it to turn back into calcium carbonate. The new calcium carbonate has then set, remaining solid and water resistant.
How many grams of calcium carbonate are needed to produce 49.0 L of carbon dioxide at STP? 27,805 results, page 78 9th grade chemistry. if you have 55.6 grams of nitrate ions in a compound that consists of nitrate ions and pluous ions, how many grams of the compound do you have? how do i do this problem im completely stuck!?
Caesium or cesium [note 1] is a chemical element with syol Cs and atomic nuer 55. It is a soft, silvery-gold alkali metal with a melting point of 28.5 °C (83.3 °F), which makes it one of only five elemental metals that are liquid at or near room temperature. [note 2] Caesium is an alkali metal and has physical and chemical properties similar to those of rubidium and potassium.
Calcium chloride 77% min Molecular formula: cacl2 Cas no.: 10043-52-4 Calcium chloride is an inorganic salt, which exists as solid or liquid. Solid calcium chloride is a white, crystal substance in the form of flake, granule, pellet or powder. With different crystallized water contents, it can be dihydrate or anhydrous.
Characterization and remediation of soils contaminated with uranium_ 273|13 Characterization and remediation of soils contaminated with uranium_
2004-5-11 · Surface-applied urea is hydrolyzed rapidly to ammonia and carbon dioxide which react to form ammonium carbonate. Ammonium carbonate is an unstable, alkaline substance that decomposes quickly back to ammonia and carbon dioxide. This fertilizer was the first solid one to be produced on a commercial scale. Calcite is calcium carbonate, and
Bromine: Bromine (Br), chemical element, a deep red, noxious liquid, and a meer of the halogen elements, or Group 17 (Group VIIa) of the periodic table. atomic nuer 35 atomic weight 79.909 melting point −7.2 °C (19 °F) boiling point 59 °C (138 °F) specific gravity 3.12 at 20 °C (68 °F) oxidation states
How do you write a balanced equation when calcium carbonate decomposes calcium oxide and carbon dioxide are formed? Update Cancel. a d b y q u i p. How long should you brush your teeth for? With added heat, calcium carbonate decomposes to form calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. In which direction will the equilibrium shift if the t
2017-1-12 · Carbon dioxide from air can react with the calcium hydroxide in concrete to form calcium carbonate. This process is called carbonation, which is essentially the reversal of the chemical process of calcination of lime taking place in a cement kiln. Carbonation of concrete is a slow and continuous process progressing from the outer surface inward
This water vapor can undergo a chemical change if enough additional heat is added, when it decomposes into oxygen gas and hydrogen gas. When heated, it decomposes into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide gas. Without alysis, hydrogen peroxide decomposes slowly over time to form water and oxygen gas.
It is known that the amount of individual trace elements (U, Mo, Pb, V, etc.) entering the environment when burning solid fuels exceeds their total industrial production .Most of the trace elements of the coals, when incinerated, pass into fly ash or slags, while the other part is taken out with flue gases and the thinnest fraction of the ash that is not captured by the electrostatic
Chemistry Chapter 8. STUDY. PLAY. whereas the coination of flouring and sodium chlorie produces sodium fluoride and solid chlorine. it breaks down to produce a metal oxide and carbon dioxide gas. For example, calcium carbonate decomposes to produce calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. Decomposition of Binary Compounds.
Common fluxes include limestone (principally calcium carbonate) and dolomite (CaCO 3.MgCO 3). Other fluxes may be used depending on the impurities that need to be removed from the ore. In the heat of the furnace the limestone flux decomposes to calcium oxide (quicklime): CaCO 3 → CaO + CO 2
2019-4-29 · When limestone is heated strongly, the calcium carbonate it contains absorbs heat (endothermic) and decomposes. to form calcium oxide. This is indied by an orange glow as the limestone is heated.
Ammonium bicarbonate, also known as powdered baking ammonia, is a white crystalline solid with a chemical formula of NH 4 HCO 3. It has an ammonia odor and is soluble in water. It decomposes easily to carbon dioxide, ammonia and water. | https://youonweb.be/solid/12918_solid-calcium-carbonate-decomposes-to-form-in-ukraine.html |
event was held on December 12, Monday, at the Rizal Park Hotel, Manila.
Sy was joined by other notable awardees this year, including Department of Public Works and Highways Undersecretary Engr. Maria Catalina Estamo Cabral, Public Attorney’s Office Chief Dr. Persida V. Rueda-Acosta, horticultural innovator and scientist Dr. Ruben L. Villareal, and the pioneer of Imaginative Figurism in the Philippines Mr. Nemesio R. Miranda Jr. Also present at the ceremony were Civil Service Commission Chairperson Hon. Karlo Alexei B. Nograles and Sen. Joseph Victor “JV” G. Ejercito.
The TOFIL Awards was first established in 1988 by the JCI Senate Philippines (JCISP). It was created with the intention of institutionalizing public recognition of the exemplary achievements and contributions to public welfare and community building of Filipinos 41 years of age and older. Also dubbed the Filipino equivalent of the Nobel Prize, the TOFIL Awards seeks to recognize truly outstanding Filipinos who have dedicated themselves to serving the nation.
“The Outstanding Filipino, or TOFIL Awards, is among the most prestigious awards given in our country to deserving Filipinos of good moral character, whose dedication to his or her profession or vocation has made significant contributions to the advancement of his or her calling,” said Nograles. “The honorees are chosen based on the strength of their character, the strength of their integrity and the impact of their achievements in their field of work.”
Mr.
Hans T. Sy (center) accepts his TOFIL plaque and trophy from ANSA Foundation
President Mr. Anthony Philip A. Nocom (left) and JCI Senate Philippines
(JCISP)-TOFIL Foundation President Mr. Rogelio V. Garcia (right).
This year’s TOFIL Awards follows the theme “Resiliency in Rebuilding Our Nation”; as such, Sy’s recognition comes from his success in integrating sustainability and resilience in the framework of the SM Group’s operations. Under Sy’s leadership, SM has been a major player in disaster relief efforts and community assistance through initiatives such as the SM Yolanda Housing Program and COVID-19 vaccination programs. Sy has also helped in the formation of the ARISE Philippine Network, which fosters more public-private sector partnerships for capacity building, technological innovation, and sustainability in underserved communities. | https://www.cebustreetjournal.com/2022/12/hans-sy-recognized-for-resilience-and.html |
In this chapter and the next, I set out to provide a brief summary of the state of evolutionary biology before the advent of comparative genomics in 1995. Clearly, the task of distilling a century and a half of evolutionary thought and research into two brief, nearly nontechnical chapters is daunting, to put it mildly. Nevertheless, I believe that we can start by asking ourselves a straightforward question: What is the take-home message from all those decades of scholarship? We can garner a concise and sensible synopsis of the pregenomic evolutionary synthesis even while inevitably omitting most of the specifics.
I have attempted to combine history and logic in these first two chapters, but some degree of arbitrariness is unavoidable. In this chapter, I trace the conceptual development of evolutionary biology from Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species to the consolidation of Modern Synthesis in the 1950s. Chapter 2 deals with the concepts and discoveries that affected the understanding of evolution between the completion of Modern Synthesis and the genomic revolution of the 1990s.
Darwin and the first evolutionary synthesis: Its grandeur, constraints, and difficulties
It is rather strange to contemplate the fact that we have just celebrated the 150th anniversary of the first publication of Darwin's On the Origin of Species (Darwin, 1859) and the 200th jubilee of Darwin himself. Considering the profound and indelible effect that Origin had on all of science, philosophy, and human thinking in general (far beyond the confines of biology), 150 years feels like a very short time.
What was so dramatic and important about the change in our worldview that Darwin prompted? Darwin did not discover evolution (as sometimes claimed overtly but much more often implied, especially in popular accounts and public debates). Many scholars before him, including luminaries of their day, believed that organisms changed over time in a nonrandom manner. Even apart from the great (somewhat legendary) Greek philosophers Empedokles, Parmenides, and Heraclites, and their Indian contemporaries who discussed eerily prescient ideas (even if, oddly for us, combined with mythology) on the processes of change in nature, Darwin had many predecessors in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. In later editions of Origin, Darwin acknowledged their contributions with characteristic candor and generosity. Darwin's own grandfather, Erasmus, and the famous French botanist and zoologist Jean-Bapteste Lamarck (Lamarck, 1809) discussed evolution in lengthy tomes.1 Lamarck even had a coherent concept of the mechanisms that, in his view, perpetuated these changes. Moreover, Darwin's famed hero, teacher, and friend, the great geologist Sir Charles Lyell, wrote about the "struggle for existence" in which the more fecund will always win. And, of course, it is well known that Darwin's younger contemporary, Alfred Russel Wallace, simultaneously proposed essentially the same concept of evolution and its mechanisms.
However, the achievements of all these early evolutionists notwithstanding, it was Darwin who laid the foundation of modern biology and forever changed the scientific outlook of the world in Origin. What made Darwin's work unique and decisive? Looking back at his feat from our 150-year distance, three breakthrough generalizations seem to stand out:
- Darwin presented his vision of evolution within a completely naturalist and rationalist framework, without invoking any teleological forces or drives for perfection (or an outright creator) that theorists of his day commonly considered.
- Darwin proposed a specific, straightforward, and readily understandable mechanism of evolution that is interplay between heritable variation and natural selection, collectively described as the survival of the fittest.
- Darwin boldly extended the notion of evolution to the entire history of life, which he believed could be adequately represented as a grand tree (the famous single illustration of Origin), and even postulated that all existing life forms shared a single common ancestor.
Darwin's general, powerful concept stood in stark contrast to the evolutionary ideas of his predecessors, particularly Lamarck and Lyell, who contemplated mostly, if not exclusively, evolutionary change within species. Darwin's fourth great achievement was not purely scientific, but rather presentational. Largely because of a well-justified feeling of urgency caused by competition with Wallace, Darwin presented his concept in a brief and readable (even for prepared lay readers), although meticulous and carefully argued, volume. Thanks to these breakthroughs, Darwin succeeded in changing the face of science rather than just publishing another book. Immediately after Origin was published, most biologists and even the general educated public recognized it as a credible naturalist account of how the observed diversity of life could have come about, and this was a dynamic foundation to build upon.2
Considering Darwin's work in a higher plane of abstraction that is central to this book, it is worth emphasizing that Darwin seems to have been the first to establish the crucial interaction between chance and order (necessity) in evolution. Under Darwin's concept, variation is (nearly) completely random, whereas selection introduces order and creates complexity. In this respect, Darwin is diametrically opposed to Lamarck, whose worldview essentially banished chance. We return to this key conflict of worldviews throughout the book.
Indeed, with all due credit given to his geologist and early evolutionary biologist predecessors, Darwin was arguably the first scholar to prominently bring the possibility of evolutionary change (and, by implication, origin) of the entire universe into the realm of natural phenomena that are subject to rational study. Put another way, Darwin initiated the scientific study of the time arrow—that is, time-asymmetrical, irreversible processes. By doing so, he prepared the ground not only for all further development of biology, but also for the advent of modern physics. I believe that the great physicist Ludwig Boltzmann, the founder of statistical thermodynamics and the author of the modern concept of entropy, had good reason to call Darwin a "great physicist," paradoxical as this might seem, given that Darwin knew precious little about actual physics and mathematics. Contemporary philosopher Daniel Dennett may have had a point when he suggested that Darwin's idea of natural selection might be the single greatest idea ever proposed (Dennett, 1996).
Certainly, Darwin's concept of evolution at the time Origin was published and at least through the rest of the nineteenth century faced severe problems that greatly bothered Darwin and, at times, appeared insurmountable to many scientists. The first substantial difficulty was the low estimate of the age of Earth that prevailed in Darwin's day. Apart from any creation myth, the best estimates by nineteenth-century physicists (in particular, Lord Kelvin) were close to 100 million years, a time span that was deemed insufficient for the evolution of life via the Darwinian route of gradual accumulation of small changes. Clearly, that was a correct judgment—the 100 million years time range is far too short for the modern diversity of life to evolve, although no one in the nineteenth century had a quantitative estimate of the rate of Darwinian evolution. The problem was resolved 20 years after Darwin's death. In the beginning of the twentieth century, when radioactivity was discovered, scientists calculated that cooling of the Earth from its initial hot state would take billions of years, just about the time Darwin thought would be required for the evolution of life by natural selection.
The second, more formidable problem has to do with the mechanisms of heredity and the so-called Jenkin nightmare. Because the concept of discrete hereditary determinants did not exist in Darwin's time (outside the obscure articles of Mendel), it was unclear how an emerging beneficial variation could survive through generations and get fixed in evolving populations without being diluted and perishing. Darwin apparently did not think of this problem at the time he wrote Origin; an unusually incisive reader, an engineer named Jenkin, informed Darwin of this challenge to his theory. In retrospect, it is difficult to understand how Darwin (or Jenkin or Huxley) did not think of a Mendelian solution. Instead, Darwin came up with a more extravagant concept of heredity, the so-called pangenesis, which even he himself did not seem to take quite seriously. This problem was resolved by the (re)birth of genetics, although the initial implications for Darwinism3 were unexpected (see the next section).
The third problem that Darwin fully realized and brilliantly examined was the evolution of complex structures (organs, in Darwin's terms) that require assembly of multiple parts to perform their function. Such complex organs posed the classic puzzle of evolutionary biology that, in the twentieth century, has been evocatively branded 'irreducible complexity.'4 Indeed, it is not immediately clear how selection could enact the evolution of such organs under the assumption that individual parts or partial assemblies are useless. Darwin tackled this problem head-on in one of the most famous passages of Origin, the scenario of evolution of the eye. His proposed solution was logically impeccable, plausible, and ingenious: Darwin posited that complex organs do evolve through a series of intermediate stages, each of which performs a partial function related to the ultimate function of the evolving complex organ. Thus, the evolution of the eye, according to Darwin, starts with a simple light-sensing patch and proceeds through primitive eye-like structures of incrementally increasing utility to full-fledged, complex eyes of arthropods and vertebrates. It is worth noting that primitive light-sensing structures resembling those Darwin postulated on general grounds have been subsequently discovered, at least partially validating his scenario and showing that, in this case, the irreducibility of a complex organ is illusory. However, all the brilliance of Darwin's scheme notwithstanding, it should be taken for what it is: a partially supported speculative scenario for the evolution of one particular complex organ. Darwin's account shows one possible trajectory for the evolution of complexity but does not solve this major problem in general. Evolution of complexity at different levels is central to understanding biology, so we revisit it on multiple occasions throughout this book.
The fourth area of difficulty for Darwinism is, perhaps, the deepest. This major problem has to do with the title and purported main subject of Darwin's book, the origin of species and, more generally, large-scale evolutionary events that are now collectively denoted as macroevolution. In a rather striking departure from the title of the book, all indisputable examples of evolution that Darwin presented involve the emergence of new varieties within a species, not new species let alone higher taxa. This difficulty persisted long after Darwin's death and exists even now, although it was mitigated first by the progress of paleontology, then by developments in the theory of speciation supported by biogeographic data, and then, most convincingly, by comparative genomics (see Chapters 2 and 3). Much to his credit, and unlike detractors of evolution up to this day, Darwin firmly stood his ground in the face of all difficulties, thanks to his unflinching belief that, incomplete as his theory might be, there was no rational alternative. The only sign of Darwin's vulnerability was the inclusion of the implausible pangenesis model in later editions of Origin, as a stop-gap measure to stave off the Jenkin nightmare. | https://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=1731108 |
For over thirty years Webb Construction has been providing the highest level of building services for residential and commercial construction throughout the San Francisco Bay Area. Webb Construction demonstrates its skill in the completion of both new construction and renovation projects.
Each Webb construction project is addressed with focused attention, exceptional craftsmanship, and full administrative support. The talented professionals who comprise Webb Construction orchestrate and implement all phases of construction efficiently and with great care. Webb Construction strives to provide its clients with the best possible service.
Kevin Webb
My 38 years of construction experience began as a carpenter working downtown in the early 1980s and lead me to general contracting with a specialization in carefully crafted and well designed residential projects.
My resume includes meticulous projects in sometimes challenging settings: from historical preservation projects in the Presidio, to a custom residence for the largest landlord in San Francisco, to several multi unit condominium projects in Pacific Heights and Russian Hill, (with record setting sales prices). All of my projects are rooted in attention to every detail and a respect for the legacy of their settings. | http://www.webbsf.com/about/ |
Lee started this program because she is a true example of someone who has developed resilience, self compassion, and purpose in her own life. Struggling with healthy sleep patterns and chronic worry since childhood, she noticed a dramatic shift when she started practicing yoga several times a week in her early 20’s. Better sleep improved her focus as well as a feeling of overall less anxiety and more ease. Her self-awareness deepened from there, as she recognized how pervasive self-doubt and fear were in her life and the need for more balance in order to feel happy and well.
At the same time this transformative practice entered her life, Lee was working with the most vulnerable communities in Maine. She quickly recognized the disparity in who is able to access the life changing practices.
With the goal to one day make yoga and mindfulness accessible to more people, Lee took a leap and moved to Los Angeles to attend a Yoga Teacher Training in 2011. After her training, she moved to Boston where she taught part time under a mentor who supported her growth as a teacher working with a diverse group of people living with long-term injuries, disabilities, and other ailments. During this time, Lee also received her Master of Public Health degree where she focused on social determinants of health, program development, and public health research.
Lee was drawn to work with children as she sees the innate wisdom in each of them and wanted to stay connected to that. Societal expectations and old patterns can be disruptive when it comes to being with children, deeply listening to them, and learning from what they have to say. Lee learns from children every day and works to remind them (and adults!) of their inherent ability to be present and mindful. Through practice and guided discussion, classrooms uncover how looking inward can support health, happiness, and wellbeing.
Lee’s mindfulness work with children is underscored by the belief that understanding and processing emotions in a healthy way, feeling empowered and focused, and reconnecting with innate qualities of compassion for ourselves and one another, can transform lives and halt adverse outcomes. Through these teachings, we can re-wire our brains to promote resilience in times of stress, build a stronger sense of compassion and kindness, and find comfort being with ourselves.
A mother of two young children herself, Lee hopes to touch children, teachers, and caregivers in Maine and contribute to building resilience within communities. Lee fully embodies her yoga, mindfulness, and compassion based practices, all of which support her need for a well balanced life.
Applied Compassion Training, Stanford University (2020)The Science & Practice of Purpose (2019); Compassion Cultivation Training (2019); Yin and Meditation Certified Teacher (2017); Children’s Mindfulness and Yoga Workshop, Little Flower Yoga (2017); Mindful Schools Fundamentals Course (2017); Mindful Schools Educator Course (2017); Master of Public Health, Northeastern University (2013); Bikram Yoga Certified Teacher (2011)
Kamilah Majied, PHD
Founder of Joyfully Just, Kind Mind Collaborative Partner
Dr. Kamilah Majied is a mental health therapist, social work educator, researcher, and internationally engaged consultant on building inclusivity and equity using meditative practices. She teaches clinical practice to graduate students employing psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, mindfulness-based, and artistic approaches to well-being. She also teaches research methods, social and organizational policy analysis, and community organizing through a social justice lens. Kamilah has taught contemplative practice from several perspectives including mindfulness-based stress reduction, mindfulness and racial justice, Buddhism and mental health, and mindfulness practices to preserve the environment. She gave opening remarks at the first White House Conference of Buddhist Leaders on Climate Change and Racial Justice, where she also facilitated a dialogue on ending racism amongst the internationally represented Buddhist leadership. After 15 years of teaching at Howard University, Dr. Majied has recently joined the faculty at California State University, Monterey Bay as a Professor of Social Work. She is a member of the Koru Mindfulness team at CSUMB. She serves as the Inclusivity Advisor for the Contemplative Coping During COVID 19 Research Project at the University of California Davis, Center for Mind and Brain. She also serves as Anti-Racism and Inclusivity Advisor for the Center for the Contemplative Mind in Society (CMIND). Drawing from her decades of contemplative practice and diversity, equity and inclusion leadership, Dr. Majied engages people in experiencing wonder, humor and insight through transforming oppressive patterns and deepening relationships towards ever- improving individual, organizational and communal wellness.
Erica Marcus
Mindfulness Educator, Kind Mind Collaborative Partner
Erica Marcus, founder of Wise Minds. Big Hearts., is thrilled to be collaborating with Kind Mind to bring mindfulness to educators throughout Maine. Her current work is the culmination of nearly fifteen years of experience in classroom teaching, wilderness youth therapy, and outdoor education combined with Mindful Schools and Kripalu Yoga certifications.
Erica believes that educators benefit immensely from cultivating a mindfulness practice, and those benefits have the power to transform classrooms. She learned this first hand during her tenure as a middle school language arts teacher in Washington, D.C., where she experienced how growing her own practice profoundly shifted her ability to be present with her students and colleagues. She invites teachers to both consider not only how they can teach mindfulness to their students, but teach mindfully, from a place of compassionate awareness.
She currently is enjoying the balance of being an adjunct wellness faculty member at Baxter Academy for Technology and Science, working with educators on building their own capacity, and raising her toddler. She also enjoys hiking, running, surfing, painting, and eating ice cream.
MindBe Curriculum Education (2019); Trauma-Informed Care for Professionals Working with Youth (2017); Building a Better World, Practical Skills for Mindfulness & Social Change (2017); Mindful Schools Difficult Emotions (2016); Mindful Schools Mindful Communication (2016); Mindful Schools Teacher Certification (2015); MAT, Trinity Washington University (2013); Mindful Schools Educator Essentials (2013); Mindful Schools Fundamentals Course (2017); Center for Inspired Teaching Certification (2011); Kripalu Yoga Teacher Training (2010); BA Haverford College (2015)
Haley Pittenger
Kind Mind Educator
Haley comes to Kind Mind with over 10 years of experience teaching children. She is a Montessori certified teacher with a BS in Human Biology and a minor in Elementary Education. Haley believes there is a great need for compassion and mindfulness education in schools and everyday life.
As a teacher of young children, she sees a great benefit in connecting children to the consistent practice of mindfulness and the benefits that proceed. When Haley began practicing mindfulness she noticed more productivity and a sense of calmness, an improved ability to manage anxiety, and most importantly a reconnection to herself. Haley is excited to join the OmKids community and bring mindfulness and compassion-based practices to her community. She loves cooking, eating, and exploring Maine with her husband and baby girl. | https://kindmindeducation.com/staff/ |
WECwakes project with record breaking Wave Energy Converter array
This project, 'Large scale experiments on wave energy converter farms to study the near-field effects between the converters and the far-field effects on other users in the coastal area' is coordinated by professor Peter Troch in a consortium of 7 international partners. It is testing a record breaking array of wave energy converters: the largest array worldwide (25 individual Wave Energy Converters or WECs in an array set-up) is under testing in the Danish Hydraulic Institute wave tank.
Wave Energy Converters (WECs) extract energy from ocean waves and have the potential to produce a significant contribution of electricity from renewable sources. Commercial exploitation of wave energy will require installation of large numbers of WECs arranged in an array or a farm, using a particular geometrical layout.
The operational behaviour (i.e. the energy production) of a single WEC in a WEC array will be affected by the behaviour of the neighbouring WECs in the array. As a result, the production of the array may be smaller or larger than the superposition of the individual WECs. Therefore, the deployment of wave energy for practical energy production requires an accurate understanding of these WEC interactions in a wave farm. With this understanding, the optimal geometrical farm layout can be determined, and ultimately the cost of energy will be reduced significantly.
Several numerical studies on both small and large WEC arrays have already been performed, and have provided some initial indications of the WEC interactions. However, there has been very limited validation of these numerical models using physical scale models of WEC arrays. This project has been launched with the objective to perform large scale experiments in the Shallow Water Wave Basin in Denmark, on large arrays of point absorbers (up to 25 WECs) for a range of layout configurations and wave conditions.
The physical model of a large array of 25 individual WECs is tested at the wave tank, which is 50 m wide and 30 m long, with 22 m of wave paddles along one side of the wave tank. Water depth is 0.7 m, and a range of wave conditions (using regular, irregular long-crested and short-crested waves) is used. This experimental set-up of 25 individual WEC units in array layout placed in this large wave tank is a record breaking achievement: it is worldwide the largest set-up of its kind studying the important effects of WEC interactions and WEC wake effects.
The obtained results from these experimental tests will be very useful to validate and extend the recently developed numerical models, as well as to optimize the geometrical layout of WEC arrays for real applications. | https://marineatugent.be/wecwakes-project-record-breaking-wave-energy-converter-array |
Support for Students with Disabilities During COVID-19
The COVID-19 global pandemic has impacted many across the world; however it has had a disproportionate impact on people who have disabilities or chronic illness. Some people with disabilities are especially vulnerable to COVID-19 because of compromised immune systems. Others may require support services or personal assistance that puts them at risk of infection due to physical contact with more people. Still others may have mental illnesses that are exacerbated by the stay-at-home orders and general uncertainty surrounding the pandemic.
All students have had to adjust to taking classes online for spring quarter, and some students with physical or mental disabilities face additional challenges. Fortunately, Seattle University has resources to assist its students with disabilities. Specifically, the Office of Disability Services (DS) has been, and will continue to, provide accommodations to students with disabilities.
Kim Thompson, Senior Director of Disability Services at Seattle U, shared how the office is adjusting its services.
“DS has moved all of its processes and services online,” Thompson said. “We were able to do so prior to the end of winter quarter and without too many problems because the myDS system was fully operational, and because of great partnerships with IT and Center for Digital Learning and Innovation (CDLI).
She further noted that DS attempted to keep its processes the same so that students would not have to learn entirely new processes during a time of great change.
“DS is open the same hours—virtually, and is operating normally—with the exception of in person meetings or testing,” Thompson said. “As always, DS is working closely with individual faculty and staff members to ensure that courses are accessible and students are able to participate equitably.”
Seattle U Director of Disability Services Rich Okamoto expanded on DS’s partnership with other campus departments.
“We began working with Mafil Fabroquez and the CDLI on classroom accessibility back during winter quarter so we have been scrambling for a while,” Okamoto said. “CDLI’s main job is to work with faculty to make classrooms accessible, so we are working with them on things like making sure posted videos can be seen by students hard of hearing.”
Okamoto also noted that at the beginning of the quarter, more students were asking for accommodations as they tried to adjust to virtual learning. He believes that remote learning has been better for students who were finding the commute an issue. However, students who desire more in-person interaction with teachers and classmates are finding this type of learning to be more challenging.
Vice President of University Affairs for Seattle U Student Government, Nicole Harrison, shared some feedback that she has received from students with disabilities.
“Some students with invisible disabilities are having issues with Canvas not allowing them to get extra time on quizzes or assignments, as well as other technological problems. On the other hand, the myDS system… is already in place and familiar for students with disabilities to use,” Harrison said. “Also the option to record class on Zoom has been helpful for students who can’t make it to class on time.”
In addition, Harrison believes that some of the changes necessitated by the pandemic could lead to positive reform in the long run.
“All faculty moving their classes online this quarter could spark more universal design in classrooms, which would make them more adaptable for students with disabilities and their needs,” Harrison said.
Even with many states making plans to gradually reopen, the COVID-19 health risk remains high, along with concern that it could go away and then return later as a second wave. Nonetheless, as of now, Seattle U recently announced intentions to have students return to campus in the fall, so Disability Services is beginning to prepare accordingly.
Okamoto explained some of the changes they are considering. For instance, testing services might look a bit different in order to maintain social distancing, and face masks might be required for face-to-face meetings.
Whether Seattle U students are on campus or learning remotely, DS will continue to assist them in making necessary accommodations.
“It is important for students to contact us so that we can let them know that we are still here,” Kristopher Schultz, assistant director of Disability Services, said. | https://seattlespectator.com/2020/05/08/support-for-students-with-disabilities-during-covid-19/ |
A Business Consultancy Services contract is a contract which is signed between a consultant or consultancy firm and a person or a company who is requires services of thatconsultant or that firm.
A business consultant or the firm generally provides information and support to the other party that will help them run their business smoothly in today’s competitive scenario or provides information related to the future strategies of the company. Generally, the task taken is being executed in the form of a project. Consultants could also be hired to install some hardware or software and imparting training to the employees regarding that hardware or software.
The contract generally includes information regarding the services being offered by the consultant/firm to the person/company engaging the former, the time period within which the task has to be accomplished, payment terms and conditions (that includes total payment for rendering the services, payment mode, terms and conditions, breakage of the payment, any reimbursements if applicable, etc.), division of the entire project into various smaller tasks that could be used to keep a tab on the progress of the project, termination clauses, etc. It abides both the parties to follow the terms and conditions being agreed on before the commencement of the contract.
Sample Business Consultancy Services Contract: | http://www.samplecontracts.org/business-consultancy-services.html |
Contamination often occurs due to poor cleaning regimes or bad personal hygiene, for example, not washing your hands after visiting the toilet, and then touching a water outlet, such as a tap.
What is the legislation?
The Water Supply (Water Quality) Regulations and the Public Water Supplies (Scotland) Regulations. These regulations set strict guidelines to the physical properties of drinking water. They also state that drinking water should not contain certain chemicals or micro-organisms, such as coliform bacteria. This legislation is further enforced by the Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations, which state that every employer has a duty to supply "wholesome" drinking water.
How do I know if it is present in my drinking water?
Regular testing of your drinking water supply by an independent company with no involvement with water treatment or maintenance of drinking water outlets, such as vending machines or water coolers, will ascertain whether coliforms or other bacteria are present in your water system. The microbiological quality of drinking water can be ascertained by using total viable bacteria counts to measure the effectiveness of water treatment and testing samples for specific organisms, to determine whether there has been any faecal contamination. In our experience, drinking water supplied directly from the mains in the UK tends to be of an extremely high quality (less than 1% of the samples we take from direct mains sources have failed to meet the wholesome drinking water criteria). However, we do find problems with drinking water quality in samples we take from vending machines and water coolers.
What should be done if coliforms are detected in a vending machine or water cooler?
If coliforms are detected in a vending machine or water cooler, the following actions should be taken:
- Take the relevant machine out of service as soon as is practicable.
- Disinfect the machine in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications.
- Review cleaning procedures to ensure that they comply with current recommended guidelines.
To avoid problems with cross-contamination of machines, it is extremely important to ensure that the staff responsible for the cleaning and sanitising of the vending machines or water coolers are correctly trained and are aware of the potential for contamination during the cleaning process. It is also important to ensure that employees do not fill their own personal bottles from water coolers, as contamination of the nozzle can occur.
Assurity Consulting is the UK's leading independent compliance consultancy specialising in workplace health, safety and environmental solutions. We have over 30 years' experience of helping customers of all sizes, from across all sectors, manage their compliance responsibilities, making sure that their organisation is compliant, their employees are safe, their processes are cost effective and their management team is in control. | https://assurityconsulting.co.uk/knowledge/guides/what-is-important-to-know-about-drinking-water-quality-coliforms |
One way many cancers grow resistant to treatment is by generating a web of blood vessels that are so jumbled they fail to provide adequate oxygen to the tumour.
With oxygen starvation, the tumour gains a sort of cloaking device that protects it from the toxic effects of chemotherapy drugs and radiation, which are designed to seek out well-oxygenated tissue.
Researchers have long tested various approaches to improving blood flow to the tumour in the hopes of restoring potency to treatments. Not much has shown promise.
Until researchers investigated exercise.
In a study published in the March 16, 2015, issue of the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, researchers led by Duke Cancer Institute (DCI) scientists studied the impact of exercise in models of breast cancer in mice. They found that exercise stimulated significant improvements in the number and function of blood vessels around the tumours, improving oxygen flow to the cancer site. When treated with chemotherapy, the tumours shrank markedly better than they did in sedentary animals.
“We set about to see whether exercise would affect the tumour perfusion, and could not have guessed that it would be as effective as it was,” said co-senior author Mark W. Dewhirst, DVM, Ph.D, the Gustavo S. Montana Professor of Radiation Oncology and vice director for Basic Science at DCI.
The researchers used two different models of breast cancer cells and implanted them in mice, then randomly assigned the animals to either exercise (running on a wheel), remaining sedentary.
Among the animals that exercised, tumour growth was significantly slower than growth in the sedentary mice, and tumour cell death was 1.5 times higher. The density of small blood vessels was approximately 60 percent higher in exercised mice compared to the controls, and oxygen transport improved, leading to less oxygen starvation of the cancer tissue. The vasculature in the tumours also looked and behaved more normally.
Based on the observed effects of exercise on tumor physiology, the researchers next tested whether exercise would improve the efficacy of the chemotherapy drug cyclophosphamide. Animals were randomised to one of four groups: sedentary, exercise alone, cyclophosphamide alone, or exercise in combination with cyclophosphamide.
The rate of tumour growth was significantly slower in mice treated with exercise and cyclophosphamide compared to all other groups. Tumour growth was also delayed in both the exercise alone and cyclophosphamide alone groups, but there was no difference in tumour growth rate between those two groups, suggesting that exercise showed similar effect as chemotherapy in this experiment.
“We were truly amazed by these findings,” Dewhirst said. “I have spent the better part of the last 30 years trying to figure out how to eliminate hypoxia in tumours, and have looked at a lot of different approaches—drugs, hyperthermia and metabolic manipulations. None has worked very well, and in some cases, made things worse. So these findings with exercise are quite encouraging.”
Dewhirst said future research would examine the effect of exercise on slower-growing tumours that are more typical of human breast cancers, and move to other animal models. Ultimately, however, the team is optimistic that exercise will become an important component of cancer therapy in the clinic. | https://oncologynews.com.au/exercise-slows-tumour-growth-improves-chemotherapy-in-mouse-cancers/ |
In this five-day course, you will explore the use of VMware vRealize Orchestrator 7.x and VMware vRealize Automation 7.x for the automation of VMware cloud infrastructure and IT processes.
This course focuses on extensibility and advanced administration through the use of vRealize Orchestrator workflows in vRealize Automation.
You will gain practical experience through the completion of hands-on labs.
about the trainer
With over 20 years of combined experience, Sascha is the man for the job. In delivering world class training sessions, Sascha puts an emphasis on participant involvement through practical examples derived from real life scenarios. Sascha is able to create an atmosphere of discussion and collaboration (with the occasional lighter moment) in the classroom to encourage a thought process and ensure a full understanding of the underlying technical concepts. | https://milic-it.ch/myseminar/vmware-cloud-orchestration-and-extensibility-v7-x/ |
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A2 Coursework Worth 15% of A’ level 30% of A2 Final deadline is before October break
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What is it? You will conduct a feasibility study into starting up a new business in Coventry (3000 words) It can be a brand new idea or an new line of business for an existing organisation
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Ideas Hairdressers going into beauty Shop/Chemist doing home deliveries Pub offering food/accommodation New food stall New tanning shop New shop
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What would you need to do to suggest feasibility?
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Must have… Customer Questionnaire Competitor Questionnaire/Interview Secondary Research Cash flow forecast Break even chart Sources of Finance Marketing mix Conclusion on feasibility Primary Research All Evidenced
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Structure of project… Aim Methodology broken down into objectives Methodology Background of the organisation
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Structure of project… How will you do primary research, what will you do and why are you doing it? How will you do secondary research, what will you do and why are you doing it? Remember this should relate back to what you are hoping to find out
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Analysis Section All research analysed including analysis of the following: Potential demand Competitor analysis Market information Cashflow forecast analysis Break even analysis Sources of finance analysis Underlying issues SWOT/PEST analysis Marketing Mix
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Summary of Findings This section should summarise all the findings from your primary and secondary research and will therefore feed directly into your recommendations These should be positive and negative results
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Marketing Strategy The 4P’s discussed for your chosen new business This should include lots of theory and results from your potential new customers questionnaire.
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Final Bit… Conclusion to project is your recommendations… is it feasible or not? Evaluation is of your findings… their strengths and weaknesses, were you successful?
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And… Bibliography Appendix All justifications of financial figures Secondary research Transcripts of one to one interviews Bank start up packs Sources of Finance information etc
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Remember… For high level marks Don’t waffle on! Think of causes and consequences Think of underlying themes Changing lifestyles Changing tastes Changing technologies Interest rates Unemployment rates Difficulties in gaining loyal customers Brand image
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Before the end of term Decide opportunity Aim and objectives of project Background Primary methodology Secondary methodology Questionnaire(s) drawn up and checked Secondary research mostly complete Primary research started
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Presentation In your own way, present to the group What you are going to do How you are going to do it Why you are doing it this way What you hope to find What problems might you encounter How might you overcome these problems What might be the underlying issues you will have to consider
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In the Summer… Complete all Primary and Secondary research Present all findings (graphs, print outs, cashflow forecast, break even chart, sources of finance, etc.) Analysis of findings commenting what your results mean for your proposed new business Summary of your findings (+ve and –ve)
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Lessons on… Sources of secondary research Questionnaire construction Cashflow forecast Break even charts Sources of finance Marketing strategy
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My Email Address [email protected]
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User name CovsmithK20 Password: Cov270487 www.mintel.com
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2 edition of Designing and conducting workshops found in the catalog.
Designing and conducting workshops
Devon M Schneider
Published
1979
by American Planning Association in Chicago, IL
.
Written in English
Edition Notes
|Statement||Devon M. Schneider and John Waxman|
|Series||Report / Planning Advisory Service -- no. 344, Report (American Planning Association. Planning Advisory Service) -- no. 344|
|Contributions||Waxman, John, Resource and Land Investigations Program (Geological Survey), United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Research and Development|
|The Physical Object|
|Pagination||14 p. :|
|Number of Pages||14|
|ID Numbers|
|Open Library||OL17850220M|
place with a different infrastructure. Two seminars / workshops are never identical, even if they cover the same topic. You don't want to be surprised when you arrive on site and meet the participants. Whether you are conducting a workshop / seminar your main goal is to communicate your topic to an audience of mixed backgrounds and Size: 84KB. Designing Healthcare That Works: A Sociotechnical Approach takes up the pragmatic, messy problems of designing and implementing sociotechnical solutions which integrate organizational and technical systems for the benefit of human health. The book helps practitioners apply principles of sociotechnical design in healthcare and consider the.
1. A WORKBOOK ON DESIGNING SUCCESSFUL WORKSHOPS Yvonne Steinert, Ph.D. & Marie-Noel Ouellet, B.A. Faculty Development Office, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University 2. 2 3. 3 INTRODUCTION This workbook on Designing Successful Workshops will introduce you to the design and implementation of successful workshops in your own setting/s. Designing & Facilitating JAD Workshops. This project management training course gives you hands-on experience planning and conducting JAD Workshops: Learn powerful techniques to quickly mine the collective knowledge of your Subject Matter Experts (SMEs), and get the tools to put these elicitation methods to work immediately for functional.
This book shares best practices in designing APIs for rock-solid security. API security has evolved since the first edition of this book, and the growth of standards has been exponential. API Strategy and Practice Con, QCon, OSCON, and WSO2Con. He has traveled the world conducting workshops and meetups to evangelize IAM communities. He is. Strategies for Designing, Implementing, and Evaluating Professional Development: An ASCD Action Tool About This Book. Whether you're already an expert staff developer or you're taking on this role for the first time, here's a reliable toolbox that helps you plan, implement, and evaluate professional development, from stand-alone workshops.
Computer-assisted methods for executive decision-making.
Laboratory evaluation and application of microwave absorption properties under simulated conditions for planetary atmospheres
senatorial career of George Franklin Edmunds
duel of the decade
Learn About Animals
Small single phase transformers
Health and Safety Commission annual report and the Health and Safety Commission/Executive accounts
East of the sunrise
The notebooks of Dylan Thomas.
junior book of authors
Little history of Gig Harbor, Washington
Upper Tame Main Drainage Authority
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The Implementation of Legally Binding Measures to Strengthen the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (NATO Science Series II: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry)
Lives with science
It combines the theory and practical insights perfectly. A book I will constantly be using.’ Fran Merrylees HR Director Online, Pay and Interactive at ITV ‘The Workshop Book is wonderfully practical, full of sensible suggestions, tips and hints of how to run successful workshops.
It is a book that you will use again and again/5(19). If you are planning on designing, writing, or delivering a training workshop, you should read Training Workshop Essentials. One caution - It does not address the business side of setting up and conducting a profitable workshop. That detail is provided in another book, How To Make It Big in the Seminar Business by Paul Karasik/5(4).
Additional Physical Format: Online version: Schneider, Devon M. Designing and conducting workshops. Chicago: American Planning Association, Some people hate going to workshops. Done wrong, they can be a huge waste of time and money. However, if they're planned well, they can be incredibly valuable for everyone involved.
Workshops are great for brainstorming, interactive learning, building relationships, and problem-solving. This is why advance planning is critical. Before the Workshop.
You can write a book review and share your experiences. Other readers will always be interested in your opinion of the books you've read. Whether you've loved the book or not, if you give your honest and detailed thoughts then people will find new books that are right for them.
Home» Table of Contents» Developing a Strategic Plan and Organizational Structure» Chapter Providing Training and Technical Assistance» Section 4. Conducting a Workshop» Main Section. Designing a Training Session. Delivering a Training Session. Organizing a Conference.
Organizing a Teleconference. Organizing a Retreat. designing and conducting mixed methods research Download designing and conducting mixed methods research or read online books in PDF, EPUB, Tuebl, and Mobi Format.
Click Download or Read Online button to get designing and conducting mixed methods research book now. This site is like a library, Use search box in the widget to get ebook that you. Buy The Workshop Book: How to design and lead successful workshops 01 by Hamilton, Pamela (ISBN: ) from Amazon's Book Store.
Everyday low /5(24). SAGE Video Bringing teaching, learning and research to life. SAGE Books The ultimate social sciences digital library.
SAGE Reference The complete guide for your research journey. SAGE Navigator The essential social sciences literature review tool. SAGE Business Cases Real world cases at your fingertips. CQ Press Your definitive resource for politics, policy and people. Home» Table of Contents» Developing a Strategic Plan and Organizational Structure» Chapter Providing Training and Technical Assistance» Section 2.
Designing a Training Session» Main Section. Delivering a Training Session. Conducting a Workshop. Organizing a Conference. Organizing a Teleconference.
Organizing a Retreat. 92 Methods forTeaching Medicine Box A Framework for Designing Effe. Collaboration is at the heart of design thinking. Every project benefits from an in-person workshop. Here's how to design and run one well. In a world dominated by email and one-hour meetings, in-person workshops can seem like a significant commitment of time.
Microservices for the Enterprise covers state-of-the-art techniques around microservices messaging, service development and description, service discovery, governance, and data management technologies and guides you through the microservices design process.
Also included is the importance of organizing services as core versus atomic, composite. 4- and 7-week DCR workshops that we present to trainees each year at UCSF. There are also instructor’s notes for the workshops that faculty who teach this material will find useful, and links to our Training In Clinical Research (TICR) master’s degree program at UCSF, with more than 30 other courses and their materials.
The Handbook of Mobile Market Research was written by Ray Poynter, Navin Williams, and Sue York and is the prime reference for market researchers and insight professionals looking to benefit from mobile market research.
This website has been created to expand the material made available in the book and to allow additional material to be added. The charges of the workshops or seminars may differ according to the location and course content and duration of the workshop but we normally charge as follows for days workshop if you do have more than 10 participants in the workshop or seminar.
The book Design for How People Learn, by Julie Dirksen, is a great resource for more information about this step. We’ve also pulled together the following links related to designing effective training materials for you: Steps of Creating Training Based on Cognitive Psychology; Different Types of Training for Different Types of Information.
Book review: Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research Article (PDF Available) in Central European Journal of Public Policy 3(1) July with 4, Reads How we measure 'reads'.
The education workshops offered through MVNU feature a variety of topics to keep you informed about the most current issues surrounding education today.
Offered through our Master of Arts in Education Curriculum and Instruction program, our highly qualified instructors encourage interactive learning with a focus on integrating faith and values. Designing, Conducting, and Publishing Quality Research in Mathematics Education is a volume of papers that describe in detail the process of producing quality research in mathematics education, beginning with developing a mindful research program, and ending with how to effectively communicate with reviewers, build on rejection, and publish for international impact.
The present volume ‚Designing and conducting Health Systems Research™ is a thorough revision of Volume 2 of the Health Systems Training Series which the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) in Canada and WHO HQ in Geneva published in and reprinted several timesFile Size: 7MB.Karyn Greenstreet's 'Designing Effective Workshops' program was well worth my money and time.
The class was jam-packed with the information that I needed to create a workshop that fit my target market's needs. By the end of the program, I had a completed an instructive, thought provoking, and .About the International Conducting Workshop and Festival (ICWF) SinceICWF has offered unparalleled conducting training and critique in an intensive, yet non-competitive, professional, and supportive atmosphere creating a superb opportunity to immerse oneself deeply in important standard orchestral repertoire studying with faculty of world class stature. | https://bupuqomorum.virtuosobs.com/designing-and-conducting-workshops-book-11724cl.php |
South Ural State University’s Institute of Engineering and Technology is the quintessence of the university’s engineering sciences. For 75 years already, SUSU has been performing training of the best specialists in the sphere of mechanical engineering and metal working.
In the course of time, the university started establishing scientific schools which allow performing real-life study of advanced technologies applied not only within our country but also abroad.
Research fellows of a scientific school named “Simulation Stochastic Modeling of High-speed and Super-speed Methods of Metal Working of Advanced Materials with the Use of Supercomputer Calculations” are working on development of software for modern high-speed grinding machines with CNC (computer numerical control).This scientific school is headed by Professor, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) Aleksandr Diakonov, also acting as the Vice-Rector for Research at South Ural State University.
Aleskandr Diakonov actively introduces results of research in the sphere of metal working, construction of metal-cutting machines out of alternative materials, and methods of pass-through digital manufacture into the training process of the university’s master’s degree students.
Evolvement of the scientific school
Foundations of the scientific school were formed back in 1970s by Professor, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Stanislav Korchak. For many years, Stanislav Korchak had been Head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology and its fundamentals, which were formed in the scientific school, lied in researching speed processes as well as processes of abrasive processing and grinding.
Afterwards, this school had been developing in the sphere of simulation. The work by Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) Anatoliy Koshin made a great contribution to development of the scientific school. Anatoliy Koshin dedicated his Candidate’s and Doctor’s dissertations to simulation of mechanical treatment processes.
The work by Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) Aleksandr Diakonov greatly contributed to development of the scientific school at the contemporary stage. When completing his Candidate’s and Doctor’s dissertations, Aleksandr Diakonov carried out research on simulation of high-speed processes at the modern level with the use of a supercomputer.
“My goal was to reveal the main physical patterns occurring under high-speed processing of material at the modern level of process simulation,” says Aleksandr Diakonov.
Specificity of the scientific school
The main sphere of the scientific school’s activity is development of software for modern high-speed grinding machines with CNC.
90 % of imported equipment in Russia has no software translated into Russian. At many enterprises, people cannot alter the programme for material processing therefore they need to pay big money to apply to foreign specialists from service support of such machinery. In this regard, the scientific school of SUSU is working on solving the issue of developing domestic software which would allow engineers at enterprises to develop processing programmes by themselves.
“This software is based on simulation stochastic modeling, which means that it takes into account physics of the process as well as condition of the cutting tool and state of the equipment,” says Aleksandr Diakonov.
Achievements and goals of the scientific school
Since 2015, research fellows of the scientific school have been conducting joint research with the Indian Institute of Technology Patna in the sphere of high-speed micro grinding.
Due to joint efforts, scientists from India and SUSU obtained a Grant of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research for conducting research of high-speed hybrid micro processing and started joint activities such as writing research articles, conducting research internships and equipping the machine at SUSU’s Mechanical Engineering Research Institute for researching the high-speed process of micro grinding. 4 joint research articles have been published over the year of 2018.
At the end of 2018, Professor from the Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Karali Patra, was recruited to the Department of Automation Engineering as a research fellow working remotely. Next year, research fellows of the SUSU scientific school are planning to invite Karali Patra for a three-month stay so that he could deliver lectures on methods of micromechanical machining processes to master’s degree students and postgraduates. This collaboration will bring new scientific results as well.
From the beginning of 2018, an economic contract was signed with Research and Production Association of Electrical Machinery Stock Company. Research work is being carried out in order to introduce micro grinding process into the company’s operation. Upon completion of the work, it is planned to conclude a new agreement with the enterprise for execution of research and development works. | https://www.susu.ru/en/news/2018/12/20/scientific-schools-application-micro-grinding-various-spheres-life |
On the 4th of December, when the travelers awoke after fifty-four hours’ journey, the chronometer marked five o’clock of the terrestrial morning. In time it was just over five hours and forty minutes, half of that assigned to their sojourn in the projectile; but they had already accomplished nearly seven-tenths of the way. This peculiarity was due to their regularly decreasing speed.
Now when they observed the earth through the lower window, it looked like nothing more than a dark spot, drowned in the solar rays. No more crescent, no more cloudy light! The next day, at midnight, the earth would be new, at the very moment when the moon would be full. Above, the orb of night was nearing the line followed by the projectile, so as to meet it at the given hour. All around the black vault was studded with brilliant points, which seemed to move slowly; but, at the great distance they were from them, their relative size did not seem to change. The sun and stars appeared exactly as they do to us upon earth. As to the moon, she was considerably larger; but the travelers’ glasses, not very powerful, did not allow them as yet to make any useful observations upon her surface, or reconnoiter her topographically or geologically.
Thus the time passed in never-ending conversations all about the moon. Each one brought forward his own contingent of particular facts; Barbicane and Nicholl always serious, Michel Ardan always enthusiastic. The projectile, its situation, its direction, incidents which might happen, the precautions necessitated by their fall on to the moon, were inexhaustible matters of conjecture.
As they were breakfasting, a question of Michel’s, relating to the projectile, provoked rather a curious answer from Barbicane, which is worth repeating. Michel, supposing it to be roughly stopped, while still under its formidable initial speed, wished to know what the consequences of the stoppage would have been.
“But,” said Barbicane, “I do not see how it could have been stopped.”
“But let us suppose so,” said Michel.
“It is an impossible supposition,” said the practical Barbicane; “unless that impulsive force had failed; but even then its speed would diminish by degrees, and it would not have stopped suddenly.”
“Admit that it had struck a body in space.”
“What body?”
“Why that enormous meteor which we met.”
“Then,” said Nicholl, “the projectile would have been broken into a thousand pieces, and we with it.”
“More than that,” replied Barbicane; “we should have been burned to death.”
“Burned?” exclaimed Michel, “by Jove! I am sorry it did not happen, ‘just to see.’”
“And you would have seen,” replied Barbicane. “It is known now that heat is only a modification of motion. When water is warmed — that is to say, when heat is added to it — its particles are set in motion.”
“Well,” said michel, “that is an ingenious theory!”
“And a true one, my worthy friend; for it explains every phenomenon of caloric. Heat is but the motion of atoms, a simple oscillation of the particles of a body. When they apply the brake to a train, the train comes to a stop; but what becomes of the motion which it had previously possessed? It is transformed into heat, and the brake becomes hot. Why do they grease the axles of the wheels? To prevent their heating, because this heat would be generated by the motion which is thus lost by transformation.”
“Yes, I understand,” replied Michel, “perfectly. For example, when I have run a long time, when I am swimming, when I am perspiring in large drops, why am I obliged to stop? Simply because my motion is changed into heat.”
Barbicane could not help smiling at Michel’s reply; then, returning to his theory, said:
“Thus, in case of a shock, it would have been with our projectile as with a ball which falls in a burning state after having struck the metal plate; it is its motion which is turned into heat. Consequently I affirm that, if our projectile had struck the meteor, its speed thus suddenly checked would have raised a heat great enough to turn it into vapor instantaneously.”
“Then,” asked Nicholl, “what would happen if the earth’s motion were to stop suddenly?”
“Her temperature would be raised to such a pitch,” said Barbicane, “that she would be at once reduced to vapor.”
“Well,” said Michel, “that is a way of ending the earth which will greatly simplify things.”
“And if the earth fell upon the sun?” asked Nicholl.
“According to calculation,” replied Barbicane, “the fall would develop a heat equal to that produced by 16,000 globes of coal, each equal in bulk to our terrestrial globe.”
“Good additional heat for the sun,” replied Michel Ardan, “of which the inhabitants of Uranus or Neptune would doubtless not complain; they must be perished with cold on their planets.”
“Thus, my friends,” said Barbicane, “all motion suddenly stopped produces heat. And this theory allows us to infer that the heat of the solar disc is fed by a hail of meteors falling incessantly on its surface. They have even calculated ——”
“Oh, dear!” murmured Michel, “the figures are coming.”
“They have even calculated,” continued the imperturbable Barbicane, “that the shock of each meteor on the sun ought to produce a heat equal to that of 4,000 masses of coal of an equal bulk.”
“And what is the solar heat?” asked Michel.
“It is equal to that produced by the combustion of a stratum of coal surrounding the sun to a depth of forty-seven miles.”
“And that heat ——”
“Would be able to boil two billions nine hundred millions of cubic myriameters of water.”
The myriameter is equal to rather more than 10,936 cubic yards English.
“And it does not roast us!” exclaimed Michel.
“No,” replied Barbicane, “because the terrestrial atmosphere absorbs four-tenths of the solar heat; besides, the quantity of heat intercepted by the earth is but a billionth part of the entire radiation.”
“I see that all is for the best,” said Michel, “and that this atmosphere is a useful invention; for it not only allows us to breathe, but it prevents us from roasting.”
“Yes!” said Nicholl, “unfortunately, it will not be the same in the moon.”
“Bah!” said Michel, always hopeful. “If there are inhabitants, they must breathe. If there are no longer any, they must have left enough oxygen for three people, if only at the bottom of ravines, where its own weight will cause it to accumulate, and we will not climb the mountains; that is all.” And Michel, rising, went to look at the lunar disc, which shone with intolerable brilliancy.
“By Jove!” said he, “it must be hot up there!”
“Without considering,” replied Nicholl, “that the day lasts 360 hours!”
“And to compensate that,” said Barbicane, “the nights have the same length; and as heat is restored by radiation, their temperature can only be that of the planetary space.”
“A pretty country, that!” exclaimed Michel. “Never mind! I wish I was there! Ah! my dear comrades, it will be rather curious to have the earth for our moon, to see it rise on the horizon, to recognize the shape of its continents, and to say to oneself, ‘There is America, there is Europe;’ then to follow it when it is about to lose itself in the sun’s rays! By the bye, Barbicane, have the Selenites eclipses?”
“Yes, eclipses of the sun,” replied Barbicane, “when the centers of the three orbs are on a line, the earth being in the middle. But they are only partial, during which the earth, cast like a screen upon the solar disc, allows the greater portion to be seen.”
“And why,” asked Nicholl, “is there no total eclipse? Does not the cone of the shadow cast by the earth extend beyond the moon?”
“Yes, if we do not take into consideration the refraction produced by the terrestrial atmosphere. No, if we take that refraction into consideration. Thus let be the horizontal parallel, and p the apparent semidiameter ——”
“Oh!” said Michel. “Do speak plainly, you man of algebra!”
“Very well, replied Barbicane; “in popular language the mean distance from the moon to the earth being sixty terrestrial radii, the length of the cone of the shadow, on account of refraction, is reduced to less than forty-two radii. The result is that when there are eclipses, the moon finds itself beyond the cone of pure shadow, and that the sun sends her its rays, not only from its edges, but also from its center.”
“Then,” said Michel, in a merry tone, “why are there eclipses, when there ought not to be any?”
“Simply because the solar rays are weakened by this refraction, and the atmosphere through which they pass extinguished the greater part of them!”
“That reason satisfies me,” replied Michel. “Besides we shall see when we get there. Now, tell me, Barbicane, do you believe that the moon is an old comet?”
“There’s an idea!”
“Yes,” replied Michel, with an amiable swagger, “I have a few ideas of that sort.”
“But that idea does not spring from Michel,” answered Nicholl.
“Well, then, I am a plagiarist.”
“No doubt about it. According to the ancients, the Arcadians pretend that their ancestors inhabited the earth before the moon became her satellite. Starting from this fact, some scientific men have seen in the moon a comet whose orbit will one day bring it so near to the earth that it will be held there by its attraction.”
“Is there any truth in this hypothesis?” asked Michel.
“None whatever,” said Barbicane, “and the proof is, that the moon has preserved no trace of the gaseous envelope which always accompanies comets.”
“But,” continued Nicholl, “Before becoming the earth’s satellite, could not the moon, when in her perihelion, pass so near the sun as by evaporation to get rid of all those gaseous substances?”
“It is possible, friend Nicholl, but not probable.”
“Why not?”
“Because — Faith I do not know.”
“Ah!” exclaimed Michel, “what hundred of volumes we might make of all that we do not know!”
“Ah! indeed. What time is it?” asked Barbicane.
“Three o’clock,” answered Nicholl.
“How time goes,” said Michel, “in the conversation of scientific men such as we are! Certainly, I feel I know too much! I feel that I am becoming a well!”
Saying which, Michel hoisted himself to the roof of the projectile, “to observe the moon better,” he pretended. During this time his companions were watching through the lower glass. Nothing new to note!
When Michel Ardan came down, he went to the side scuttle; and suddenly they heard an exclamation of surprise!
“What is it?” asked Barbicane.
The president approached the window, and saw a sort of flattened sack floating some yards from the projectile. This object seemed as motionless as the projectile, and was consequently animated with the same ascending movement.
“What is that machine?” continued Michel Ardan. “Is it one of the bodies which our projectile keeps within its attraction, and which will accompany it to the moon?”
“What astonishes me,” said Nicholl, “is that the specific weight of the body, which is certainly less than that of the projectile, allows it to keep so perfectly on a level with it.”
“Nicholl,” replied Barbicane, after a moment’s reflection, “I do not know what the object it, but I do know why it maintains our level.”
“And why?”
“Because we are floating in space, my dear captain, and in space bodies fall or move (which is the same thing) with equal speed whatever be their weight or form; it is the air, which by its resistance creates these differences in weight. When you create a vacuum in a tube, the objects you send through it, grains of dust or grains of lead, fall with the same rapidity. Here in space is the same cause and the same effect.”
“Just so,” said Nicholl, “and everything we throw out of the projectile will accompany it until it reaches the moon.”
“Ah! fools that we are!” exclaimed Michel.
“Why that expletive?” asked Barbicane.
“Because we might have filled the projectile with useful objects, books, instruments, tools, etc. We could have thrown them all out, and all would have followed in our train. But happy thought! Why cannot we walk outside like the meteor? Why cannot we launch into space through the scuttle? What enjoyment it would be to feel oneself thus suspended in ether, more favored than the birds who must use their wings to keep themselves up!”
“Granted,” said Barbicane, “but how to breathe?”
“Hang the air, to fail so inopportunely!”
“But if it did not fail, Michel, your density being less than that of the projectile, you would soon be left behind.”
“Then we must remain in our car?”
“We must!”
“Ah!” exclaimed Michel, in a load voice.
“What is the matter,” asked Nicholl.
“I know, I guess, what this pretended meteor is! It is no asteroid which is accompanying us! It is not a piece of a planet.”
“What is it then?” asked Barbicane.
“It is our unfortunate dog! It is Diana’s husband!”
Indeed, this deformed, unrecognizable object, reduced to nothing, was the body of Satellite, flattened like a bagpipe without wind, and ever mounting, mounting! | https://en.miloliza.com/index.php/jules-verne-stories-for-children-and-teens/111-round-the-moon/4135-chapter-6 |
Traditional irrigation systems are spatial units with a remarkable cultural and heritage value, which in turn generate water landscapes. They are part of hydraulic heritage, which includes material, ideational and symbolic assets. However, the assets related to historical irrigation systems and their landscape units have been poorly studied and evaluated. This paper develops a methodological ...
This paper offers a comparative study of economic history of two of the four largest irrigation systems in the world covering a period of about one hundred years, and points out the major lessons learnt from development experiences. This is especially significant since one is a developing country (which was considered a "more developed" irrigation system a century ago) and the other is a ...
A systematic comparison of in-depth case studies of self-organisation for the administration, maintenance and construction of irrigation systems seems to offer interesting and suggestive results in terms of gaining familiarity with and analysing the capacity for self-organisation, as well as for discovering and classifying different organisational responses to similar types of problems. This ...
This paper explores the long-term development of irrigation system management, and looks at the influence of legislation, irrigation system size, scalar stress and polarized land tenure in the existence and success of self-management. The case studies are drawn from regions of the former Spanish Empire. Hispanic America, between the 16th and early 19th centuries, as part of the Spanish Empire, ...
Social ecological systems (SESs) - spate irrigation system in our case - operate under an environment of stress due to several external and contextual factors. Spate irrigation systems are more complex due to uncertain flows and can exhibit unexpected changes due to novel shocks. Therefore, actions directed at enhancing robustness to a particular set of disturbances can trigger changes in ...
Irritec will be present at Fruit Logistica exhibition, to be held in Berlin, Germany, from February 5th to February 7th 2020. Fuit Logistica covers every single sector of the fresh produce business and provides a complete picture of the latest innovations, products and services at every link in the international supply chain. It thus offers superb networking and contact opportunities to ...
By IRRITEC SpA
Project Name: Folsom Lake Toyota Product: Grasspave2 grass reinforcement mat Application: Car Display City: Rancho Cordova State/Province: California Install Date: November 1994 Install Size: 710 m2 (7642 sq ft) Address: 12747 Folsom Boulevard, Rancho Cordova, CA 95742 Client: Toyota Designer: NA Contractor: Aerco Pacific, 11370-J Amalgam Way, Rancho Cordova, CA 95670 Directions: ...
The modernization of the irrigation systems has been the main strategy followed by the regional administration of the Valencia Region to cope with the structural water deficit of the region, which has been particularly severe during the last three decades. These policies have been oriented to the substitution of gravity irrigation systems for drip technology. The technological change has ...
Up to the early 1980s, operations and maintenance for irrigation systems was highly centralised, but this was imposing an increasing institutional and financial burden on the government. Contributing factors were: very low ratio of billing and collection rates or no collection at all; very high water consumption, even wastage; no cost recovery for investment; and no local interest by the farmers ...
Maintenance of irrigation infrastructure is essential to sustain food production and farmers' earnings. Given the shortage of funds for maintenance in developing countries, it is critical to understand the degradation of the function of irrigation systems so that optimal budget allocations can be made. A case study of Indonesia proposes an Infrastructure Density Index that can be used to justify ...
After Morocco, Iran and Bulgaria, Plastic-Puglia is preparing to take part in some international exhibition. The company is aiming to further improve the range of irrigation products, opening to new markets and better fulfilling the needs of new customers. The company is getting ready for three important meetings: Agritec in Kenya, Nairobi, from June 14th to 16th. Hall 1 Booth 30 The second ...
There are certain factors that should be taken into consideration when choosing the best irrigation system for your specific requirements. Some of these factors include the type of crop you are watering, the size of the land which requires irrigation, where your water is coming from and how much labour the system requires to operate. Dragline irrigation or movable pipe systems require far more ...
By Irrirain
Avocado is an evergreen tree in the tropical areas of Mexico and Central America. In recent years there has been an increase in cultivated areas, with Mexico as the main country of production, while in Greece there is an increasing dynamic of cultivation in Crete, and generally in the citrus cultivation zones. Avocado is divided into 3 botanical types. The Mexican type that is the most resistant ...
By Palaplast
Modern irrigation techniques use automated systems where irrigation schedules are controlled according to certain criteria. The objective of this study is to numerically estimate irrigation events, water content and temperature distributions, evaporation, drainage, and soil water under closed loop automated irrigation systems of a bare soil. The automated irrigation system is activated and ...
In Morocco, the consequence of increased industrialization and a rapidly growing population accentuated by a progressive shift from rural to urban living. This resulted in the growth of requirements for the quality and quantity of water resources, their more intensive and comprehensive use. The government policy in the agricultural sector has always favored investments in the irrigation ...
Plastic-Puglia continues to invest in research and development of new products for irrigation. The company is moving into areas where the technology and water resources are scarce or mismanaged. In this field, the business group is well known and appreciated in over 40 countries worldwide. In recent weeks, the meetings in the palace of the Iranian Ministry of Agriculture to establish an ...
Project Details Construction Date September 2014 Location New Caledonia Categories: Pump System, Pipeline, Irrigation System Project Description Supply and install RM Irrigation low pressure irrigation system used for the irrigation of various vegetable crops. IRRIGATION PRODUCTS RM Irrigation hard hose travelling irrigator RM Irrigation Falcon low pressure boom. ...
This paper starts by discussing the relationships between water rights, investment and issues of legitimacy and social relationships in traditional (farmer-created and farmer-managed) irrigated systems. External interventions to modify or "improve" these systems create "stakes" at different levels, i.e. opportunities for a change in the balances of power and wealth among the various stakeholders. ...
The NIAB EMR WET (Water Efficient Technologies) Centre houses an integrated portfolio of cutting-edge growing techniques and trickle irrigation systems for the soft fruit sector. It provides commercial scale demonstrations, one to one expert technical advice, and training workshops. The Centre’s commercially available Precision Irrigation Package system features our SM150T Soil Moisture ...
The book Irrigation Systems and Practices in Challenging Environments is divided into two interesting sections, with the first section titled Agricultural Water Productivity in Stressed Environments, which consists of nine chapters technically crafted by experts in their own right in their fields of expertise. Topics range from effects of irrigation on the physiology of plants, deficit irrigation ... | https://www.agriculture-xprt.com/articles/keyword-irrigation-system-4628 |
Regulation serves as a gateway to the global health market. Each organization in the health technology field will have to choose a regulatory strategy according to its target market. The chosen market and strategy will directly influence the depth and scope of product development.
Our regulatory groups at Healthtech Finland support the growth and internationalization of Member companies by providing a common platform for networking, learning together and sharing experiences.
We warmly welcome each new member!
In 2022 we provide regulatory support in three different groups:
- Health software and data (SW+data group), chaired by Mika Siitonen, Labquality
- Medical devices (MD group), chaired by Katja Karhu, Innokas Medical
- In vitro diagnostics (IVD group), chaired by Anja Kontio, Labquality
The group chairs, group secretary Päivi Ahlgren, Technology Industries Finland and group coordinator Sandra Liede, Healthtech Finland are all in attendance during each group meeting.
Timetables
Software and Data group, spring 2022:
8 February 2022, at 10:00-12:30
29 March 2022, at 10:00-12.30
26 April 2022, at 10:00-12:30
24 May 2022, at 10:00-12:30
MD group, spring 2022:
8 February 2022, at 13:30-16:30
29 March 2022, at 13:30-16:30
26 April 2022, at 13:30-16:30
24 May 2022, at 13:30-16:30
IVD group, spring and autumn 2022:
17 February 2022, at 10:00-12:30
7 April 2022, at 10:00-12:30
9 June 2022, at 10:00-12:30
25 August 2022, at 10:00-12:30
20 October 2022, at 10:00-12:30
8 December 2022, at 10:00-12:30
The schedules of each group meeting will be updated shortly.
Calendar invitations, as well as links to participation, will be sent to each person who has registered on the mailing lists of the working groups. The participation links are also stored on our Member’s website.
The staff of our Member companies are allowed limitless access to regulatory groups simply by registering with one or more of them. For registration, please contact either secretary or coordinator of the regulatory groups.
Content and participation
The main focus of the regulatory groups is on EU legislation, mainly MDR, IVDR, as well as implementing recommendations, guidelines and standards. The regulatory groups also aim to address the market requirements of main exporting countries such as the USA, China and Russia. In addition, the regulatory groups further aim to deepen knowledge in domestic Finnish health regulation and monitor the preparation and implementation of new national legislative initiatives in this area.
Our regulatory groups are open and free of charge for all employees of our Member companies. The groups convene on a monthly basis (excluding summer months). Participation does not require prior preparation. Each participant can choose the amount of time and effort put into the meetings.
Competition law
Competition law requirements are followed during our regulatory meetings, as we recognize that the meetings are attended by companies operating and competing in the same market or the same distribution chain.
All practices aiming to coordinate business activities or eliminate uncertainty in competitors’ market behavior, and the exchange of confidential information are strictly prohibited during regulatory group meetings.
Companies are required to be fully independent in their business actions. Information less than 12 months old and not available on public sources, and which may have an impact on market behavior, such as pricing, offers or their terms and conditions, shall not be exchanged or discussed in meetings or otherwise between competitors.
Attendees
Participants of the groups range from new beginners to established experts of the regulatory, quality and product development field in health technology. The regulatory groups are known to have a positive collaborative atmosphere and they have succeeded in uniting experts from large domestic exporters and small start-ups to discuss common regulatory challenges.
Experts from outside of the Association, such as representatives of Competent Authorities or Notified Bodies are also regularly involved in the discussions of the working groups.
Past and future
New regulatory groups may be set up according to the needs and suggestions of the Member companies. The topics are always new and topical, but past themes can also be revisited.
All minutes of the meetings, as well as presentations are stored on our Members’ page to be used by new and old Members.
Person Responsible for Regulatory Compliance (PRRC)
Every manufacturer of a medical device or an IVD device must designate a person responsible for regulatory compliance (PRRC). If the manufacturer is a micro and/or small enterprise, it is sufficient that the undertaking has such a designated person permanently and continuously at its disposal.
Our regulatory groups have jointly reviewed the responsibilities of a PRRC and a model agreement for the free use of Member companies was developed in 2020.
For more information: | https://healthtech.teknologiateollisuus.fi/en/association/regulatory-groups |
A young man commits the offence of burglary, and steals $4,000 from a business. 8 years later DNA evidence links him to the offence. He committed a number of offences of dishonesty around the same time, but since then has turned his life around considerably, volunteering his time in the community and seeking work. He has committed no further crimes in the 8 years since the offence. He pleads guilty. He cooperates with police. He feels remorse for his younger self, and as an older man wants to move on and contribute to the community. The court gives him a 12 month wholly suspended sentence, with a 24-month (2 year) good behaviour bond.
What did the court take into account?
- The crime is historical – it happened 8 years ago
- The remorse and the plea of guilty
- The significant change in behaviour of the defendant, and the length of that change
- His contributions to and place in the community
But, we can take the same factors that the court took into account as mitigating factors for this defendant – the age of the crime, expressions of remorse, the contributions to the community and the self-improvement of the defendant, and the plea of guilty and they will not be mitigating factors for a different offence. This is not to say that the absence of remorse is aggravating, remorse is a mitigating factor but the absence of remorse is not aggravating. It is just that different offences have different elements, and a sexual offence for example, that uses status in the community and the shame surrounding sex to conceal the offence for many years, will not have those same elements of community standing and the lapse of time as mitigating factors.
Example 2
The second example is of a man who was 83 years old at the time of sentencing. His offending began in 1957. Most of his offending occurred during the 1970s to the 1990s. The offences occurred against eight boys. He was a public servant, and was a Court Registrar for many years. He occupied a position of trust that meant that the parents of the boys, aged between 9 and 13 years old, trusted them with their children when he took them out on his yacht or taught them woodworking. Although the court did not take his lack of remorse as aggravating, there was no mitigation based on remorse. Moreover, his respected status in the community could not contribute to a lessened sentence, as it was the means by which he committed the offences. The additional factors the sentencing judge had to consider were the health problems/age of the defendant. The defendant was sentenced to five and a half years imprisonment, reduced from seven years because the defendant only had a life expectancy of 6 years. The non-parole period was four and half years. Let us compare the considerations that were important in the first example.
- The crimes were historical – not of significance here in mitigation, as the harm to victims is often lifelong, and the nature of abuse of children is often that the crimes are concealed for long periods of time; to mitigate because of the passage of time would be to undermine the interests of victims
- there was no remorse and no plea of guilty – neither are aggravating in their absence, but without either there is no mitigation.
- The length of time over which offending occurred and the acts against many of the boys were not isolated acts, and there were many victims – he was at risk of offending again, so there was no change in his behaviour
- His contributions to and status in the community were a means of accessing his victims and of shielding himself from discovery
The only factor that the judge took into account in reducing the sentence was that the defendant was near the end of his life. As you can see, different crimes will mean different factors are important as mitigating or aggravating considerations. There was very little in mitigation for the second case, and the factors that had been important in the first case were not of importance to the outcome of the sentence in the last case.
Some factors are always aggravating – the use of violence is always aggravating, just as cooperation and an early plea of guilty are always mitigating.
—————————————————————
Tasmania v Shane Vivian Smith, Underwood CJ, 20 February 2008 (Sentence).
State of Tasmania v James Robert Eaton, Blow J, 4 June 2008 (Sentence). | https://www.hobartlegal.org.au/handbook/crime-and-punishment/sentencing/how-does-the-court-reach-a-sentencing-decision/examples-of-sentencing/ |
Despite growing number of industrial processes being robotized or partially robotized, tasks requiring human-level cognition, perception and dexterity remain hard or impossible to automate. Collaborative robotics addresses these challenges by introducing robot coworkers in human-dominated workspaces. In the course of the CapSize project the requirements from the industry for a collaborative work area in terms of safety, usability, flexibility, etc. were elaborated hand in hand with industrial partners. Based on the identified industrial requirements the CapSize team investigated potential practical applications and searched for a suitable use case that focuses on a real world industrial need that can be adequately addressed through human-robot collaboration.
The rocker arm is an essential part of the cylinder head of INNIO Jenbacher gas engines (see Figure 1). Current assembly process heavily relies on manual work, which limits cycle time, increases the number of waste parts and puts stress on the worker. Increasing the level of automation would solve these issues as well as reduce costs. In general, the use of robots would introduce an increase in speed, precision and quality. However, the rocker arm preassembly is challenging for robots due to required motion complexity which human worker performs with ease. Currently, standard collaborative robots are not suitable to handle this assembly task due to the low speed in collaborative mode. They are not fast enough to achieve the necessary cycle time when operating in collaboration with human worker.
Novel methods and technologies developed within the scope of CapSize (e.g. sensor technologies, algorithms) should provide solutions to the expected challenges and advance the state-of-the art to the point in which the utilization of Human Robot Collaboration (HRC) for the use case scenario is a possibility. The developments should allow higher robot speed during collaborative operation to meet cycle time requirements of the production line. The use case of INNIO Jenbacher – Rocker Arm Preassembly – fulfills all project requirements for a real world industrial use case example in order to demonstrate sensor application scenarios of the CapSize project.
Figure 1: | https://www.cap-size.at/results/ |
What Are the Basic Principles of Confucianism?
Confucius and his students redefined it to mean professional teachers of ancient culture and texts in ritual, history, poetry and music; and by the , ru meant a school and its teachers of the philosophy of studying and practicing the rituals, rules and rites of Confucianism. In applying this standard, one assesses the viability of a belief or theory according to the beneficial or harmful consequences of acting on it. In the Western tradition, she finds in John Dewey a thinker who is sympathetic to these insights. Mencius is portrayed in this text as very much engaged in getting the kings of Chinese states to stop mistreating their subjects, to stop drafting their subjects into their wars of territorial expansion, and to avoid overtaxing them to finance their wars and lavish projects. The abolition of the examination system in 1905 marked the end of official Confucianism. Elsewhere in the text, there are happier references to activities that involve attunement to the grain of whatever is at hand.
Social harmony or morality is identified as patriarchy, which is expressed in the worship of ancestors and deified progenitors in the male line, at. Why is the central virtue discussed in such an elusive fashion in the Analects? One way of understanding this identification is to take knowledge as a knowing how to act that is expressed in acting. Chih is added to Confucianism by Mencius muhn shoos who believed that people are basically born good. In the end, one wonders whether a good number of such persons of right motive, competence, courage, wisdom and ability are enough, given the highly centralized nature of the government recommended in the Hanfeizi. Should the ruler be surrounded by xiaoren as opposed to junzi, his governance and his people will suffer due to their small-mindness. But we tend to be less interested in duties, especially in the current age. The above arguments on behalf of recognizing rights within a Confucian framework provide resources for addressing the worry that rights undermine social harmony.
The implication might be that the Confucian idealistic project is continually and inevitably self-undermining: people can sense the self-aggrandizing motivations behind the noble talk and react negatively see Chong, 2016. Confucianism is a philosophical system developed from the teachings of Confucius. This article will introduce ethical issues raised by some of the most influential texts in Confucianism, Mohism, Daoism, Legalism, and Chinese Buddhism. None of this is inconsistent with virtue characterizations in the broad sense for an alternative role-ethic characterization of Confucian ethics that incorporates these insights in a different way, see Ames, 2011. In doing so, it will highlight how the religion is often seen as a code of conduct or an ethical system.
In fact even the latter prescriptions do not seem incompatible with what might be prescribed in the way of conduct by Confucian care with distinctions: refraining from harming others, engaging in relationships of mutual aid, and contributing to the support of those least able to care for themselves and who lack families able to protect them. Another new idea, that of , led to the introduction of the system in China. The nature of the vision of the broader world is open to dispute. Second Sense of li: principle of social order; ritual; ordering of life; conforming to the norms of jen the limits and authenticity of li. Much of the value of these texts lies in their leaving the tensions in place with enough theory given to stimulate thinking within a certain broadly defined approach.
What is important in li is the reciprocal loyalty and respect in man-to-man-ness. The most prominent example is that of Cook Ding, the cook who is able to wield his knife so skillfully in cutting up oxen that it flows without a nick through the spaces within the joints. Confucianism is similar to Kant's ethics of duty: the action is done as a good-in-itself, not as a means to an end. Lecture notes course on Chines Philosophy — Cal. The Daodejing upholds a vision of an original harmony that human beings once had, a way that consisted in living in accord with the natural grain of things, and that involves seeking only what one truly needs, not in multiplying useless desires that only agitate and ultimately make us unhappy.
The Empire can only be pulled out by the Way. A derivative of natural order, li retains a cosmic role in its enchantment of human experience by harmonizing it with nature. On the other hand, Confucian ethics de-emphasizes legal coercion as a method for guiding people along the way and instead an puts the emphasis on moral exhortation and inspiration by way of example see, most famously, 2. It knows no boundaries of race or religion. There are certainly differences between the two ethics on the value of ritual and musical performance.
Even if one interprets the attitudinal component as requiring equal or impartial care, the conduct component might consist of only a moderately demanding norms for benefiting others. A more positive justification for rights might be rooted in Confucian values. . What growth amounts to is something that can be meaningfully judged only within the particular circumstances and the processes that have led up to the present. Traditional virtues attributed with jen are being courteous, prudent, diligent, loyal, brave and kind. These activities involve the mastery of the many sub-activities that constitute a complex activity with goals that challenge abilities of the agent.
The following sections present some of the major kinds of problematic that appear in the major schools of Chinese ethical thought. This relationship is maintained in many households in Asian countries. Daniel Bell 2006 and Tongdong Bai 2013, 2015 have proposed that one legislative chamber be comprised of elected representatives and the other by those selected on the basis of exams and previous performance in office. Between father and son, a father has to behave like a father, and a son like a son. They responded on two subjects: first, they had to address what is required by way of concern for all people and how to reconcile such concern with the greater concern for some that the Confucian doctrine of care with distinctions requires; second, they had to address the question of what kinds of concern are motivationally possible for human beings, partly in response to the Mohist argument that it is not difficult to act on jian ai which they came to interpret as being contrary to care with distinctions , and partly in response to others who were skeptical about the possibility of acting on any kind of genuinely other-regarding concern.
Religion in Global Civil Society. It is at this point that Mencius reminds the King of the suffering of his people. Two issues arise from this response to Mohism as he understood it whether he understood it correctly will be addressed in section 3. One should do well and make the family name known and respected: bring honor to your family. As Yu 2007 points out, the dao plays the kind of role in ancient Chinese ethics that is analogous to the role played by eudaimonia or flourishing, in ancient Greek ethics. With this in mind, its main focus seems to be on human relationships.
Compared to Taoism, which involves all kinds of rituals and traditional gods, Confucianism has a more rational but more narrow-minded approach; where Confucianism emphasizes duty, obedience, and hierarchy, Taoism places a high value on freedom, equality, natural living, and mysticism. This is rejected in cases where the office requires wisdom and ability rather than courage. What is necessary for extension? The Xunzi text is also susceptible to very different interpretations, partly because of the originality of its synthesis of several streams of thought: Confucianism, Daoism, Mohism, and the Jixia Academy. Wen — the peaceful arts music, poetry, etc. The Book of Rites, one of the Confucian Classics Li Li is a companion virtue to jen in many respects - the other side of the same coin, so to speak. Baker calls respect for the family the only element common to almost all Chinese believers. In areas like China, however, this history is not so relevant, and the distinction between religion and philosophy is not as useful. | http://fontidelvulture.it/what-is-li-in-confucianism.html |
Triangle Congruence Proofs With Parallel Lines
If two lines are crossed by a third, then the following conditions are equivalent.
Triangle congruence proofs with parallel lines. Monday, november 25th lesson #8: Triangle congruence notes congruence practice handout review sss, sas, asa, hl 08/29 day 14:congruence proofs. In the coming lesson, we’ll explore geometric proofs related to triangles and parallel lines.
Paris of lines and angles: Prove theorems about lines and angles using triangle congruence criteria and algebra. Sas, asa & sss 6:15 congruence proofs:
In the diagrams below, if ab = rp, bc = pq and ca = qr, then triangle abc is congruent to triangle rpq. You can sum up the above definitions and theorems with the following simple, concise idea. Given the following information, determine.
Math high school geometry congruence proofs of general theorems. 3 rd angle theorem if 2 angles of a triangle are # to 2 angles of another triangle, then the 3 rd angles are # 5. Properties of triangles midsegment of a triangle angle bisectors medians.
In this second section, we begin to look at proofs that are related to two parallel lines cut by a transversal and congruent triangles. *equality statements (no congruence) *exterior angle of a triangles *triangle sum *isosceles triangles *parallel lines *vertical angles *linear pairs you can set the task cards set up Do not assume anything if it is not in the given
First she defines collinear and noncollinear, then fails. A postulate is a statement presented mathematically that is assumed to be true. All three triangle congruence statements are generally regarded in the mathematics world as postulates, but some authorities identify them as theorems (able to be. | https://stupefied-davinci-2941e0.netlify.app/triangle-congruence-proofs-with-parallel-lines.html |
Introduction {#S1}
============
Cachexia, a hypercatabolic state, is a commonly encountered adverse effect of cancer, and markedly impairs the quality of life by harmfully impacting both the physical and psychosocial behaviors. An international consensus reached in 2011 explained cancer cachexia as a multifactorial condition with continuing skeletal muscle loss that is not reversible by standard nutritional support, ultimately leading to functional impairment ([@B15]). A skeletal muscle index \<7.26 kg/m^2^ in males and \<5.45 kg/m^2^ in females is considered as cachexia. Of relevance, the majority of patients with pancreatic tumors display signs of cachexia at the time of diagnosis ([@B16]). Even the overweight pancreatic cancer patients develop cachexia (sarcopenic obesity), and cachexia hidden in obesity causes extensive muscle loss, with the pathological accumulation of adipose tissue that influences the overall survival of the patients ([@B56]). In cancer patients, cachexia is a progressive process that evolves through various stages -- from pre-cachexia to cachexia to refractory cachexia (irreversible stage). It is important to find measures to reverse from cachexia into pre-cachectic stages to provide relief to the affected patients. Besides cancer, cachexia can also occur in a wide range of disorders, ranging from infections to chronic kidney diseases to cerebrovascular diseases, including stroke and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases ([@B46]; [@B50]; [@B39]). Severe muscle wasting or cachexia is noted in up to 75% of chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment ([@B35]).
The underlying mechanism of cachexia, in tumor and other catabolic disorders, are not yet clearly understood. Various catabolic conditions are associated with altered expression and regulations of transcription factors and nuclear cofactors that induce a specific group of genes, which are believed to execute the final steps of muscle atrophy. Two muscle-specific ubiquitin ligases, MuRF1 and Atrogin1/MAFbx, are essential for the degradation of muscle proteins, including myosin heavy chain (MHC) and eukaryotic initiation factor 3f (Elf-3f) ([@B9]; [@B29]). Transcription factors, FOXO1 is an important regulator of muscle atrophy, and is shown to be affected by sepsis and elevated levels of glucocorticoids ([@B54]; [@B11]; [@B63]; [@B45]; [@B69]; [@B23]). It is a key regulator of genes involved in muscle wasting, including Atrogin-1 and MuRF1 ([@B34]; [@B33]; [@B43]). FOXO1 also regulates genes involved in the autophagy-lysosomal proteolytic pathway ([@B52]; [@B38]). MyoD is a muscle-specific transcription factor that regulates muscle cell differentiation ([@B12]). Recently, MyoD-induced muscle cell differentiation is shown to be mediated by Twist1 through miR-206 ([@B27]). Our recent studies suggest that the transcription factor Twist1 is also actively involved in the regulation of cancer-induced muscle wasting presumably owing to its ability to induce the expression of MuRF1 and Atrogin1, thereby causing muscle protein degradation and attendant muscle cachexia ([@B42]).
Of particular clinical importance, developing effective treatments to curb cachexia and muscle wasting disorders are essential for improving the quality of health and survival of the cancer patients and beyond. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 (IL-1), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) are the main cytokines that are thought to be involved in the evolvement of cachexia, in general ([@B17]; [@B55]; [@B26]; [@B65]). However, clinically targeting these cytokines showed mixed results. For instance, in a clinical trial, infliximab (anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibody) showed no improvement of cachexia in cancer patients ([@B24]). In contrast, treating tumor patients with a humanized monoclonal anti-IL-6 antibody increased hemoglobin levels and reduced muscle wasting ([@B47]).
Twist1 {#S2}
======
Twist was initially identified in Drosophila ([@B58]). Later, Twist isoforms have been identified in humans and mice ([@B68]; [@B64]). Twist1 is a member of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor family that controls the activity of genes essential for embryogenesis and organogenesis ([@B13]; [@B64]; [@B41]). Human and mouse Twist1 proteins share a very high amino acid sequence identity (96%). The Twist1 protein is involved in the generation and maturation of cells that eventually form the musculoskeletal system. Notably, during development, Twist proteins transiently inhibit Runx2 function, causing osteoblast-specific gene expression that leads to osteoblast differentiation ([@B5]). Of relevance, human Twist1 is highly expressed in fetal myoblasts, and its level diminishes in the later stages of development ([@B28]). Mutations in the *TWIST1* gene in human is associated with craniosynostosis (premature closure of the sutures between the bones of the skull), as noted in the Saethre-Chotzen syndrome-affected individuals ([@B22]). Heterozygous *Twist1* knockout mice showed craniofacial and limb abnormalities, mimicking clinical features of Saethre-Chotzen syndrome patients. Of note, homozygous Twist1 knockout mice were embryonically lethal, suggesting a crucial role of this gene in embryonic survival and development ([@B8]). In adult mice, Twist1 is expressed in a limited number of tissues, including fibroblasts of the mammary glands and dermal papilla cells of the hair follicles ([@B71]). Consequently, inducible knockout of *Twist1* in adult mice did not affect their overall health and viability, implicating a more important role of Twist1 during early development than in adult life ([@B71]).
Studies using breast cancer cell lines have shown an important role of Twist1 in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformation, intravasation and metastasis ([@B70]); more importantly, genetically ablating the Twist1 function effectively inhibited breast tumor cell intravasation and lung metastasis ([@B70]). In a similar line of study, Twist1 overexpression has shown to be associated with the progression of several human malignant tumors, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) ([@B30]; [@B44]).
The role of Twist1 in myogenesis is not clear. In Drosophila, Twist has been shown to enhance myogenesis, while in mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human embryonic stem cells (embryoid bodies), Twist1 has shown to inhibit muscle cell differentiation ([@B20]; [@B48]; [@B6]; [@B28]). Moreover, overexpression of Twist1 reverses the process of muscle cell differentiation ([@B21]; [@B36]). Recently, we have shown that induction of Twist1 is also related to muscle cachexia during the progression of cancer ([@B42]).
Twist1 Activation and Cancer-Induced Cachexia {#S3}
=============================================
Studies have shown that numerous hormones, cytokines, and tumor-derived factors play key roles in the initiation and propagation of cancer cachexia by involving several major intracellular signaling systems ([@B4]). ActRIIB is a high-affinity activin type two receptor that facilitates the signaling of various factors, including myostatin, and activin ([@B31]; [@B53]). Induced expression of activin could cause cachexia in tumor-free mice ([@B7]). Myostatin is a secreted protein of the TGF-β family, which is mostly expressed in skeletal muscle, including muscle progenitor satellite cells. In a mouse model of pancreatic cancer-induced cachexia, therapeutic reduction of TGF-β resulted in reduced cachexia and increased survival ([@B19]). Furthermore, increased signaling activity through ActRIIB pathway has shown to be involved in both tumorigenesis and cancer-induced cachexia ([@B66]; [@B10]; [@B77]). Intriguingly, blocking the bioactivities of ActRIIB has been shown to reverse cancer-induced cachexia and cardiac atrophy, and this response resulted in the extended lifespan of the experimental animals even without reducing the tumor growth ([@B77]).
As mentioned, two muscle-specific ubiquitin ligases, MuRF1, and Atrogin1/MAFbx are essential to muscle protein degradation, including MHC and Elf-3f ([@B9]; [@B29]). Myostatin can induce the expression of MuRF1 and Atrogin1/MAFbx as well as Twist1 ([@B42]), and genetic inactivation of myostatin has shown to protect against cancer-induced cachexia ([@B18]). Selectively inducing Twis1 in mesenchymal stem cells using mouse genetics tools caused severe hypotrophy of the skeletal muscle ([@B42]). Interestingly, when similar *in vivo* studies were conducted on muscle progenitor cells (satellite cells), overexpression of Twist1 resulted in the loss of muscle mass in adult mice. Morphological analysis of the Twist1 overexpressing atrophic muscle showed markedly reduced myofiber diameters, as compared to the control animals, clearly demonstrating the *in vivo* role of Twist1 hyperactivity in muscle atrophy ([@B42]).
Therapeutic Potential of Twist1 in Cancer {#S4}
=========================================
In a healthy-weight individual, skeletal muscle comprises almost 40% of total human body mass ([@B49]). Studies have shown that patients with pancreatic cancer have often developed severe cachexia, which is associated with substantial weight loss and skeletal muscle atrophy. Noteworthy, conventional nutritional support cannot fully reverse the loss of muscle function in these patients. Almost one-third of cachectic patients develop severe respiratory muscle dysfunction, causing death due to cardiopulmonary failure in pancreatic cancer patients ([@B2]). In experimental models of pancreatic cancer, reducing cachexia can improve overall survival, despite persistent tumor growth, suggesting that cachexia is an important determinant of survival in tumor patients ([@B59]).
Our studies have shown that tumor-derived Activin A acts on the muscle to upregulate the expression of Twist1, which in turn induces the synthesis of the muscle-specific ubiquitin ligases, MuRF1 and Atrogin1, thereby causing muscle cachexia by facilitating muscle protein degradation ([Figure 1](#F1){ref-type="fig"}; [@B42]). In experimental studies, serum activin levels correlated with PDAC-induced cachexia and eventual mortality ([@B76]). In the murine model of PDAC-induced cachexia, activins (activin-βA, or Inhba) are expressed, both in tumor cells and tumor stromal cells. Treatment with an activin inhibitor in a murine model of PDAC-induced cachexia reduced weight loss and cachexia with the resultant effect being prolonged survival ([@B76]). Moreover, using the pharmacological drug JQ1, a small molecule that suppresses Twist1 activity by blunting its binding to MuRF1 and Atrogin1 promoters, muscle cachexia could be reversed in PDAC mice deleted of Twist1, indicating that inhibition of Twist1 activity in muscle in indispensable for preventing muscle cachexia. Treatment with JQ1 prevented weight loss, which was associated with increased muscle mass and myofiber size, in turn resulting in improved muscle function and better survival of the PDAC-induced cachectic mice ([@B42]). It is important to emphasize that the apparent survival benefit of these experimentally induced tumor models (due to suppression of Twist1 activity) was mostly related to the reversal of muscle cachexia, and not due to shrinkage of tumor ([@B42]). These *in vivo* observations suggest that Twist1 could be a therapeutic target to reduce muscle mass loss in tumor and other chronic debilitating diseases, not only to improve quality of life, but also to increase disease-free survival.
![Pancreas-muscle axis. Tumor-derived Activin A acts on the muscle to upregulate the expression of Twist1, which in turn induces the synthesis of the muscle-specific ubiquitin ligases (MuRF1 and Atrogin1), thereby causing cancer cachexia by facilitating muscle protein degradation ([@B42]).](fphys-11-00662-g001){#F1}
In mice with chronic kidney disease, a two- to three-fold increase in myostatin expression was detected in muscle ([@B75]); after 7 days of treatment with the anti-myostatin peptibody, muscle weights in mice with chronic kidney disease was significantly greater than those in vehicle-treated chronic kidney disease mice. Such gain of muscle mass was also reflected in the body weight gain of mice with chronic kidney disease that were treated with the anti-myostatin peptibody ([@B75]). Furthermore, the elevated level of activin A was detected in various tissues in mice with chronic kidney disease ([@B67]). Interestingly, experimentally induced chronic kidney disease animals also showed higher expression of Atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 ([@B1]). Whether such an increase in the expression of activin A in chronic kidney disease leads to the activation of Twist1 to induce the expression of Atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 needs further studies.
Given the similarities in the general mechanisms governing muscle cachexia, one would surmise that the development of a therapeutic strategy to reduce the disease burden associated with reduced muscle function and cachexia would also benefit patients beyond tumor ([Table 1](#T1){ref-type="table"}). For instance, in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment, the stable weight patients have better survival than those with weight loss ([@B61]). Of clinical importance, muscle wasting or cachexia occurs in up to 75% of chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis ([@B35]). Despite such widespread occurring of muscle wasting and its adverse impact on the survival of chronic kidney disease patients, there is no selective and effective clinical treatment of cachexia in patients with chronic kidney disease. Reducing the abundance of MuRF1 and atrogin-1 in skeletal muscles of the tumor and chronic diseases through targeting upstream regulators would likely to attenuate muscle cachexia ([@B74]).
######
A partial list of the disorders associated with muscle wasting.
-----------------------------------------
• Aging
• Anorexia nervosa
• Burns
• Cancer
• Chronic kidney disease
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• Congestive heart failure
• Cystic fibrosis
• Dermatomyositis
• Guillain-Barre Syndrome
• Lack of physical activity
• Long-term corticosteroid therapy
• Malnutrition (Kwashiorkor)
• Multiple sclerosis
• Osteoarthritis
• Peripheral neuropathy
• Polio (viral disease)
• Poliomyelitis
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Sepsis
• Spinal cord injury
-----------------------------------------
Conclusion {#S5}
==========
Cachexia occurs in many end-stage illnesses, including cancers, chronic kidney diseases, chronic cardiac diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, chronic liver diseases, severe burns, HIV infections, rheumatoid arthritis, and aging ([@B37]; [@B62]; [@B3]; [@B51]; [@B57]). Roughly, 30% of patients with chronic lung, liver, heart or kidney diseases develop cachexia, while around 50% of cancer patients develop that syndrome, either as a direct consequence of the disease itself or as a consequence of treatment. Since cachexia cannot always be reversed by nutritional supplements, its underlying mechanism is different than that of an eating disorder, such as anorexia. Moreover, cachexia usually affects the loss of the muscular component of the body, while starvation initially initiates the loss of fat mass ([@B40]). The overall devastating impact of cachexia on patients with chronic diseases can not only reduce physical activities and quality of life but more importantly, can shorten survival ([@B14]). Hence, developing effective treatments to reduce the progression of cachexia and muscle wasting disorders are essential clinical need to reduce disease burden and improve the quality of life and survival of the cancer patients and beyond. Twist1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion, metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance in cancer cells and thus is a potential target for cancer therapy ([@B25]; [@B60]; [@B72]; [@B32]; [@B73]). Our recent identification of Twist1 as a master regulator of tumor-induced cachexia provides a promising therapeutic target to attenuate cachexia to improve cancer patient survival. In fact, pharmacological inactivation of the Twist1 function showed promising effects of protecting cancer-induced cachexia, with a significant survival benefit in the experimental model of pancreatic carcinoma ([@B42]). Based on the inducible Twist1 knockout mice studies, it appears that Twist1 has rather a non-essential role in adult animals ([@B71]), and therefore, targeting Twist1 to manipulate tumor-induced cachexia would be a suitable drug target that is likely to exert minimal advert effects in adult patients. Further studies are needed to determine the effects of suppressing Twist1 function in muscle wasting diseases, in general.
Author Contributions {#S6}
====================
MR and AA outlined and drafted the manuscript. Both authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version.
Conflict of Interest {#conf1}
====================
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
Thanks to Dr. Nuraly Akimbekov of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University (Kazakhstan) for help in drawing the illustration.
Atrogin1/MAFbx
: atrogin1/muscle atrophy F-box
bHLH
: basic helix-loop-helix Runx2
Elf-3f
: eukaryotic initiation factor 3f FOXO1
HIV
: human immunodeficiency viruses
IL-1
: interleukin 1
IL-6
: interleukin 6
INF- γ
: interferon-gamma
MHC
: myosin heavy chain
miR-206
: microRNA-206
MuRF1
: muscle RING finger 1
PDAC
: pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
TGF- β
: transforming growth factor- β
TNF- α
: tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Twist1
: twist family bHLH transcription factor 1.
[^1]: Edited by: Marcella Canton, University of Padova, Italy
[^2]: Reviewed by: Xu Yan, Victoria University, Australia; Yu-Chiang Lai, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
[^3]: This article was submitted to Clinical and Translational Physiology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Physiology
| |
Sunday, June 24, 2018 – 7 p.m.
Sunday, June 24, 2018 – 5 p.m.
I've usually heard master fingerstyle guitarist Don Ross playing solo. The man can play three lines at once; he can fill a hall with vibrant melodies and rhythms. For him, a band isn't a requirement.
But hearing him play with two jazz musicians on Sunday was a fascinating experience, and added even more dynamism to his music.
Ross has been increasingly working with other musicians over the past few years, and this year formed a jazz quartet with three Torontonians. He had played before with pianist Andrew Craig and bassist Jordan O'Connor, but percussionist Marito Marques was new to him. His aim was to form several quartets in different parts of the world and experiment with “louder than usual” music.
This quartet recently recorded a six-song EP “live off the floor” in Toronto. Ross mixed it in Germany last week and released it June 20.
But when the musicians filed on-stage on Sunday, there were only three of them. Ross told the audience that O'Connor had badly thrown his back out a few days before, and had to bow out. Instead, Craig put a laptop and MIDI keyboard on top of his piano, and used that to create bass lines with his left hand, while he played piano with his right. After the show, Craig explained that he also plays bass professionally – and the result was surprisingly good, with both the bass and piano clearly audible in the mix.
The quartet played all the pieces on the EP, plus one from Ross' 2017 album, A Million Brazilian Civilians. They included several older pieces I'd heard Ross play before – but they were given considerable extra presence with the addition of Craig and Marques.
Marques, who is originally from Portugal, underlined Ross' strong guitar lines with his own powerful drumming, using all parts of the kit to create thundering climaxes and strong echoing beats – but he could also create barely-there atmospheric touches on drums and cymbals with bamboo brushes. Craig counterpointed Ross' guitar work with intricate piano patterns and sparkling solos, as well as providing a consistent underpinning on bass.
The quartet open with the classic Ross tune, “Wall of Glass”; its strong rhythms echoed around the church, immersing the audience in a very full sound that constantly evolved while still being safely moored to its primary riff. It’s one of my favourites by Ross and this was one of the best performances of that tune that I'd heard.
Next came a surprising choice, a piece by Simon Neil of the Scottish alternative rock/heavy metal band Biffy Clyro. Ross assured the audience the depressing lyrics of "Black Chandelier" weren't about him (“Don't worry, I'm fine!”). It was quite enjoyable as a warm-toned acoustic ballad, if one ignored the mentions of cyanide poisoning.
“Jesse Helms' Night in Havana” featured a dancing rumba beat, with evocative trembling guitar lines and a thunderous drum solo that evoked strong applause. “Any Colour But Blue” created an hypnotic fusion of rolling vocals, driving guitar patterns, supple piano, and atmospheric drumming – very like its inspiration, a long and freezing winter highway trip up to Sudbury.
Ross happened to hear a BBC announcer use the phrase “A Million Brazilian Civilians” in a newscast, and it so stuck with him that he wrote a tune to fit it. The music evolved from a demo Ross created for the electronic dance band Swedish House Mafia: it was a catchy dance tune with a hard-edged groove, over which Ross' guitar lines flew.
“With You in Mind” was inspired by jazz guitarist Pat Metheny, and showed that influence while definitely remaining a Ross piece. It was a long, multi-layered piece, expressive and in a minor key, with room for all the musicians to spread out. Ross played glistening guitar lines over Marques' restrained drumming with bamboo sticks, and Craig's intense piano lines that deliberately didn't quite resolve – and then the piece built up momentum to climax in an extended and crashing drum solo, before ending in a fine tracery of notes on guitar and piano.
The audience, which nearly filled the church, was clearly friendly: they applauded strongly as the musicians filed on stage even before they started playing, and continued appreciatively clapping after each song. Ross introduced each song with a story, funny and personable, and spoke in both French and English. He had everyone involved and frequently laughing at his tales, and the entire vibe was like a happy family.
The band closed with the dramatic and funky “Dracula and Friends, Part One”, with strong textures and patterns on guitar matched by inflected keyboard lines. Everyone – band and crowd – became immersed in the groove, and when the last held note died out, the audience stood for an extended standing ovation.
For an encore, Ross played “Corvos”, an amalgam of two pieces he wrote at different times in his life. Its title was the Portuguese word for crows, but it wasn't raucous like those birds. Instead, it had a gentle Brazilian feel and evolved like an interesting conversation before ending sweetly – to another standing ovation.
I'd like to hear Ross again with his full quartet, and with Craig given more of a chance to step out and match Ross' guitar with his piano. Having these musicians on-stage gives an extra richness to Ross' music and challenges him a bit more, to a fine result. This would see a natural fit for the NAC Presents series. Heather Gibson, are you listening?
Earlier that afternoon, I had the delight of hearing not one, but two, tubas perform in an impromptu Israeli-Ottawa collaboration. Half were from 16-piece Israeli big band Marsh Dondurma and half from Ottawa's Bank Street Bonbons.
Marsh Dondurma had played a late-night concert at the festival the previous evening, but they'd also played a late-afternoon Battle of the Bands against the Bonbons on June 22.
Now the tuba player from each of those bands – Israeli Udi Raz and Ottawan Keith Hartshorn-Walton – gathered a few other members of their two bands for an impromptu hour-long jam at 5 p.m. With Zakari Frantz (alto sax) and leader Mike Essoudry (drums) from the Bonbons, and Aviran Ben Naim (trumpet) and Evyatar Levy (alto sax) from Marsh Dondurma, they set up by the fountain in Confederation Park and quickly gained a happy and attentive audience who filled all the seats and flat surfaces and more in the area.
Raz played a sousaphone (which, as he pointed out, could also be considered a tuba) while Hartshorn-Walton played his E-flat tuba. I particularly enjoyed how they both used the full capabilities of their instruments, for example in a duet mid-concert where their smooth, warm, and hushed tones lovingly combined, and sounded nothing like the standard oompah caricature of a tuba.
The music ranged from the New Orleans brass-band boogie of the Bonbons (with sizzling Louis Armstrong-style scatting from Raz), to the more Mid-East feel of Marsh Dondurma (with a folkloric and hypnotic beat), and everything in between. But it was consistently upbeat and exploratory, with lots of room for all the instruments – and particularly highly expressive tuba playing, in both circling solos and intertwined duets. | https://ottawajazzscene.ca/reviews/35-show-reviews/12182-don-ross-jazzier-than-usual |
A pneumothorax means literally “air in the chest”.
The only problem is that the air this time is not in the lungs, but in the pleural space, which is located between the surface of the lung and the chest cavity. There is normally no air there, but just a bit of slippery fluid.
This way the pleural layer on the lung surface and the pleural layer inside the chest wall would be attached to each other by strong adhesive forces, but it still allows the lungs to move freely with every breath we take. With a penetrating injury such as a stab wound through the full thickness of the chest wall the integrity of the pleural mechanism is disturbed.
The recoil of the lung tissue from the elastic tissue in the lung collapses part or all of the lung and air gets sucked in creating the pneumothorax . This illustration shows schematically what happened without the gory details you would see as a physician in the Emergency Room of a hospital where this patient should be.
In emphysematous patients there often is an emphysematous bleb (an air filled thin blister that can easily break), usually located in the upper lung regions. Tall men, often younger than 40 years of age, can get a so-called “spontaneous” pneumothorax with no apparent cause. A more sinister cause can be a tumor in the bronchial tube (lung cancer) where the tumor creates a connection between the air from the bronchial tree and the pleural space resulting in a pneumothorax as well. Occasionally a procedure such as a central intravenous line can cause a pneumothorax as well, which is why physicians usually do a chest X-ray when the procedure is completed to check this out.
The patient is suddenly short of breath and likely also complains of chest pain due to the irritation of the very sensitive pleural surfaces by air that is normally not found there. A minor pneumothorax may be missed and may be only detected on chest X-rays that perhaps were done because of an associated cough from a cold, where the doctor wanted to rule out pneumonia. With a larger pneumothorax there could be a dry, hacking cough and heart palpitations may be felt. In a large pneumothorax where most of the lung is collapsed, the circulatory symptoms may be in the foreground with a sudden collapse and serious breathing problems. There is a particularly serious pneumothorax, where a valve mechanism develops. With every breath the patient takes, more air gets pumped into the pneumothorax leading to a tension pneumothorax. This link describes the symptoms of this.
The patient with a pneumothorax usually has less chest wall movements on the affected side. There may or may not be a lack of oxygen when an arterial blood gas is taken. Chest X-rays show a lack of lung markings on the affected side, but the physician has to specifically look for this in more subtle cases. Auscultation (stethoscope) often reveals to the physician a lack of breath sounds on the affected side.
The treatment for a pneumothorax is usually a chest tube for a view days in the hospital setting until the hole in the lung seals itself as shown on this link. The chest tube is hooked up to a vacuum, which facilitates re-expansion of the lung. Within a short period of time (1 to 3 days) the cardiovascular status tends to stabilize and the patient can often be discharged home within less than a week from the date of the hospital admission. In the case of lung cancer the patient has to be worked up and treated by a cancer specialist. In the case of an emphysematous bleb at the top of the lung, resection of this through thoracoscopy, which essentially is a “chop-stick” surgical set-up can be used instead of the traditional open procedure in order to resect the diseased top lung portion. In the case of a minor to mid-size lung surgery procedure this can be done with a stapling device through thoracoscopy chest wall openings. The patient recovers from this surgical laparoscopic procedure much faster than in the past from a conventional thoracotomy procedure where the chest cage was cut open.
6. Merck Manual : pneumothorax (thanks to www.merckmanuals.com for this link). | https://nethealthbook.com/lung-disease/pneumothorax/ |
Just what makes up all that black stuff in between the stars, anyway? Now that CERN's Large Hadron Collider is back online, scientists may soon have an answer for what “dark matter” is. The European research organization announced Wednesday that for the first time in 27 months the LHC is again smashing particles together at record speeds, allowing scientists to explore areas of research that have been heretofore unimaginable.
The LHC is located 100 meters underground in the countryside at the border of France and Switzerland. It generates vast amounts of data that's later used in scientific research, and it looks as if it will now generate more than ever. CERN currently has the LHC beaming particles at 13TeV, almost twice the power it used during its initial run, from 2010 to 2013.
“With the LHC back in the collision-production mode, we celebrate the end of two months of beam commissioning,” Frédérick Bordry, CERN's director of accelerators and technology, said in a statement Wednesday. “It is a great accomplishment and a rewarding moment for all of the teams involved in the work performed during the long shutdown of the LHC, in the powering tests and in the beam commissioning process. All these people have dedicated so much of their time to making this happen.”
It's humanity's best hope for finding out exactly what makes up dark matter, the invisible material that fills 96 percent of the universe. Dark matter could represent a lost link in what scientists know about the formation of the solar system or present clues to the universe's expansion. Researchers know it has something to do with gravity, but that's pretty much the extent of it.
The Large Hadron Collider will operate continuously for three years. | https://www.ibtimes.com/cern-hopes-large-hadron-collider-will-yield-big-surprise-dark-matter-research-1950402 |
Governor Andrew Cuomo explained in a news conference on March 17, 2020, that New York has 3,000 intensive care unit (ICU) beds in the entire state. ICU patients typically need mechanical ventilator assistance with breathing (meaning they struggle to breathe on their own) and continuous monitoring by staff. New York State has on hand between approximately 5,000 and 6,000 ventilators in total.
At any given time, approximately 80% of ICU beds are used by sick patients in the state (think of people with blood infections or bad pneumonia).
This means, on average, on any given day only 600 ICU beds are available in New York State for patients who develop severe symptoms such as shortness of breath due to coronavirus.
Governor Cuomo anticipates that New York State will need between 18,600 and 37,200 ICU beds in the coming months to care for coronavirus patients. This is between 31 and 62 times what is typically available on any given day in the state and between 3 and 6 times the number of ventilators available in New York. In other words, the coronavirus’ impact is going to be one that our current health care system is not equipped to handle.
Coronavirus also impacts many other aspects of our healthcare system, including a shortage of both medical supplies and medical providers. Lack of medical supplies increases the risk of exposure for health care providers which will lead to a further reduction in those who can provide care. This means people who need care won’t be able to get it. This will impact everyone who needs medical care, not just those suffering from the coronavirus.
But the shortage of ICU beds is perhaps the most ominous, as having an ICU bed and a mechanical ventilator to help one breathe will mean the difference between life and death for many patients.
What Does This Mean for Your Healthcare?
Many clinical offices are closing, scaling back visits, or doing remote (telephonic or Skype-like) visits. The fear is that patients coming in increase the risk of spread, which increases the number of sick people, which increases the need for hospital beds, which are already in short supply.
Many elective procedures (knee replacements, tummy tucks, etc.) were recently ordered to be canceled by Governor Cuomo. Masks, gloves, syringes, gowns, and the like are used in routine office visits and during elective procedures, but many of these items are going to be needed in the near future and there is a real fear of running short on medical supplies.
Doctors are asking patients to use their best judgment about seeking medical care. They are concerned that if you go to an emergency room or clinic, and you don’t require in-person medical attention, you may be unnecessarily exposing yourself, your loved ones, and others to the virus.
We are hearing from medical providers that emergency rooms are currently very full and chaotic given the circumstances.
If you have a loved one who is hospitalized, your ability to visit them will be limited, or perhaps completely curtailed. One hospital that we know of is not allowing in any visitors for fear that they could unwittingly bring in the virus, which is highly contagious, and expose those hospitalized – the most vulnerable – as well as medical providers.
These are difficult and unprecedented times. Our actions in regard to health care impact many people given the lack of beds, resources, and providers. We are all in this together. The health care system is going to be strained to its limit and we all will be impacted in one way or another.
Stay healthy and be well.
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HELP WHEN THE UNIMAGINABLE HAPPENS
Our attorneys at the Jacob D. Fuchsberg Law Firm have a breadth of experience in claims involving civil rights violations, medical malpractice, and personal injury. If you or a loved one has been injured, contact us today to discuss your legal options. Let our family help yours. | https://www.fuchsberg.com/blog/impact-of-coronavirus-crisis/ |
The Broward College Libraries are a joint-use partnership with Florida Atlantic University and the Broward County Library System. Our campus and partner libraries provide quality academic support for the programs offered at each location and online. Virtual services are offered uniformly district-wide, though the policies, procedures, services, and hours of operation will vary at each on-site location.
The University/College Library (UCL) is located at the A. Hugh Adams Central Campus is a joint-use facility operated by Broward College and Florida Atlantic University. Our mission is to “provide instructional services and access to the world’s knowledge to enrich our diverse community’s educational experience and foster lifelong learning.” The UCL provides BC and FAU students, faculty, and staff access to print collections, online e-resources including articles and streaming media, and an array of academic support services.
Broward County Library’s North and South Regional locations are joint-use facilities supporting both the public and college’s academic needs on their respective campuses. Students can access the college and county online catalogs and electronic resources in addition to the print materials which support their academic programs.
Students taking fully online courses have full access to all online collections containing eBooks, scholarly articles, general and subject-specific databases, and streaming video and music content. Research assistance is available via phone, email, chat, text, online instructional sessions, and virtual office hours which can be scheduled online with a librarian.
Students attending one of our partnership center locations can access all resources and receive assistance from one of the neighboring Broward County libraries. Please see the list below for those locations:
- Pines and Miramar West Centers: Southwest Regional Library
- Weston Center: Weston Branch Library
- Miramar Town Center: Miramar Branch Library
- Willis Holcombe Downtown Center: Main Library
Library Card and Access to Resources
Students use their college-issued ID cards to borrow materials and use services such as group study rooms at the University/College Library (Central Campus). Students using the North and South Campus Regional libraries must obtain a Broward County Library card to borrow materials and will use their student login to access electronic resources. To access electronic resources (eBooks, journals, articles, newspapers, videos, and more) 24/7, students can visit the Broward College homepage under Students, scroll to Support Services, and select Library. If accessing via the Brightspace by D2L course shell, select Library Resources from the Resources dropdown menu.
Library Services
Broward College’s joint partnerships with Broward County and Florida Atlantic University offer three physical libraries and a Virtual Librarian to provide academic and virtual support for programs of study. At the University/College Library, a joint-use facility with FAU at our Central Campus, students use their student ID cards as library cards. Students visiting the North and South Campus libraries or county branch locations affiliated with our partnership centers use their Broward County Library public library cards to check out print materials but use their student login to access electronic resources. To access electronic resources (eBooks, journals, articles, newspapers, videos, and more) 24/7, students can visit the Broward College Libraries homepage at broward.edu/library or sign in through your Brightspace by D2L course shell.
Below are some of the services we offer, and they may vary depending on the location:
- Live Virtual Chat with a Librarian
- Research Assistance
- One-on-One Student Appointments
- Single Use and Collaborative Study Spaces
- Interlibrary Loan Services
- Print and Electronic Research Materials
- Course Reserves (Includes textbooks. North Campus reserves are in the Academic Success Center and South Campus reserves are in the Library.)
- Archives and Special Collections (located online and at the University/College Library on Central Campus)
Our library team encourages our students, faculty, and staff to make suggestions for improvement to our services and appreciates recommendations for our collections. For more information, please contact us by phone at one of our campus locations listed below or by e-mail at [email protected].
|Campus/Center||Location||Phone Number|
|Hugh Adams Central Campus||Building 17||(954) 201-6648|
|North Campus||Building 62||(954) 201-2600|
|Judson A. Samuels South Campus||Building 81||(954) 201-8825|
|BC Online Campus||(954) 201-7918|
Seahawk Outreach Services
The Mission of Seahawk Outreach Services (SOS) is to provide wrap-around services and holistic support to students by connecting them to key campus resources and referring them to community organizations.
The goal of SOS is to help reduce food and housing insecurities, stress/mental health challenges, homelessness, and financial obstacles among our student population.
SOS provides the following services:
- Coordinated Care—SOS provides a case management approach to assisting students to ensure students’ basic needs are being met so that students can concentrate on achieving their academic goals.
- Community Support—SOS connects students with appropriate community resources to address challenges related to food and/or housing insecurities, financial crisis, domestic abuse, legal issues, aging out of foster care, etc.
To contact us and submit a request for assistance, please visit us at our website https://students.broward.edu/resources/seahawk-outreach/, scroll down to the bottom to the Contact Us section, and click on “Click Here For Help.” You can also reach SOS by emailing us at [email protected] or calling 954-201-4SOS (4767).
For specific campus contact information and location, please see below:
|Campus/Center||Location||Phone Number|
|Central Campus||Bldg. 19, Rm. 176||954-201-6359|
|North Campus/ BC Online||Bldg. 46, Rm. 230||954-201-2949|
|South Campus & Partnership Centers||Bldg. 68, Rm. 252||954-201-8313|
Student Mental Health Counseling
Broward College Policy 6Hx2-5.32
Broward College students in need of brief mental health counseling will be able to seek services at Henderson Student Counseling Services. Henderson Student Counseling Services is a leader in behavioral healthcare providing comprehensive, recovery-focused services. Services range from stress management and coping strategies to psychiatric assessment and crisis intervention. Henderson is accredited to provide Student Counseling Services by the Commission on the Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities (CARF). Students can access information about Student Counseling online or by calling 954-424-6916.
Professional counseling and psychiatric services are provided both in-office as well as via telehealth utilizing a HIPPA-compliant video platform. Credit students are eligible for up to six (6) free counseling sessions per year.
Please note that students should expect privacy and confidentiality when seeking counseling; however, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act permits a covered entity to disclose patient health information, including psychotherapy notes, when the covered entity has a good faith belief that the disclosure:
- is necessary to prevent or lessen a serious and imminent threat to the health or safety of the patient or others and
- is a person(s) reasonably able to prevent or lessen the threat.
This may include, depending on the circumstances, disclosure to law enforcement, family members, the target of the threat, or others who the covered entity has a good faith belief can mitigate the threat.
Information Technology
Broward College provides a wide variety of technology services for our students. We provide access to high-speed Internet on campus in our open computer labs, our academic success centers, and college-wide WiFi for our classroom laptop carts and students who bring their own devices.
Our students have access to email and cloud storage using Office 365 and access to the Microsoft Office suite for their personal devices while attending Broward College. Online learning is facilitated using Brightspace by D2L and Blackboard Collaborate. An online helpdesk system is available 24 hours a day, seven days a week if a student encounters a problem accessing these services on the College premises or remotely.
Information Technology provides and supports the following student services: | https://catalog.broward.edu/student-services/libraries/ |
2 Discovery of Europa
Explore Europa, Jupiter’s icy moon that probably has an ocean below the surface. Could there be life there?
Europa was discovered by the astronomer Galileo Galilei in 1610, at the same time as he discovered Ganymede, Callisto and Io. Equipped with just a very basic telescope, Galileo noticed points of light around Jupiter that looked like stars, but that changed their positions relative to the planet on successive nights. Galileo recorded their changing positions and concluded that the objects must be moons orbiting the planet. This challenged the accepted idea at the time that the Earth was the centre of everything and that all the observable objects in the sky were orbiting the Earth. | https://www.open.edu/openlearn/ocw/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=69109§ion=3 |
Maintaining professional boundaries is a crucial part of decreasing workplace stress and preventing burnout.
Feeling burned out at work? If so, you are not alone.
A recent study by indeed found that up to 52% of workers are reporting experiencing some kind of burnout in the past year, with up to 67% noting that workplace burnout has increased in the past year.
Feeling burned out at work can cause us to feel stressed, can result in poor sleep, and lower productivity.
A big culprit for feeling overwhelmed and burned out is poor boundaries at work or difficulty setting boundaries at work.
Boundaries are difficult for many, but they are so important to maintain a level of work satisfaction and positive mood.
By setting boundaries, we build our confidence, decrease stress, and boost productivity. Sounds pretty good, right?
We do this by:
1) Understanding professional boundaries
2) Determining our professional boundaries
3) Communicating our boundaries effectively
Professional Boundaries: What Are They?
Professional boundaries refer to many different types of boundaries we set in the workplace to protect ourselves. This is going to be individual and focused on what you believe is best for you.
These may be physical boundaries, emotional boundaries, time boundaries, or other kinds of boundaries that protect us from high stress, agreeing to things that make us uncomfortable, overcommitting, and other things that may decrease our mood and productivity.
Consider the following boundaries to boost mood and productivity:
Physical boundaries
Physical boundaries refer to the physical space around you. This might include:
· Physical proximity to others in meetings
· Lending your physical items to others during work (e.g. documents, papers, work tools)
· How you greet others (e.g. handshake, hug)
· Your workspace set-up
· Making time for rest, eating, and sleeping
Fuel Your Body To Reduce Stress and Improve Productivity
Time Boundaries
Time boundaries refer to how you spend your time and your work hours. This is often the area where people struggle the most, yet one of the most important boundaries since time is a precious commodity.
This may include:
· When you start and end work for the day
· Whether or not you check work emails outside of your business hours
· The notice that you need to attend a meeting
· The times that meetings are scheduled
· Working on weekends
· How you use your break time (e.g. alone, not doing work)
Emotional Boundaries
Emotional boundaries refer to how you interact with others and take care of yourself emotionally. These are important to avoid mental exhaustion. This might include:
· Communicating about how you would like to give and receive feedback
· Delegating work if there is too much work being given to you
· Finding balance in your work life to make sure that you are devoting some time to your emotional wellbeing
· Using your vacation time
· How you handle work conflicts with others
· Being comfortable with saying no to others (a hard one for many!)
· Leaving work at work mentally and not taking it home with you
Maximize Your Potential By Removing High Stress In Your Way
Determine Your Professional Boundaries
Now that you’ve seen the different types of boundaries, determine the boundaries that apply to you in the different categories. Don’t worry about how you will communicate these quite yet. First, it is important for you to work out the details with yourself. Journaling is a great way to process your thoughts and ideas.
Busy professionals often find that maintaining boundaries with themselves is more difficult than setting them with others.
Therefore, it is crucial for you to first feel comfortable in the boundaries that you are setting for yourself and the reasons behind it. Maintaining these boundaries with yourself will take practice so you can get the benefits and also enforce them with others.
Once you feel comfortable with these boundaries and have assessed whether they are reasonable given your work environment and expectations of you, then it is important to be able to communicate these boundaries assertively and confidently.
Communicate Your Boundaries Effectively
Once you have decided your boundaries in the different areas, it is important for you to consider how and when you will communicate these.
A common mistake that people make is assuming that other people are familiar with their boundaries. Others are often not familiar with our boundaries, especially if we are establishing new ones.
Therefore, it is very important to have a conversation with the relevant stakeholders at your job so they are aware of your boundaries.
How to Communicate Them
This might be with specific individuals or in a bigger group meeting. Once you have decided upon your boundaries, it is time to then clearly communicate them to others. Some examples of what this may look like:
“To ensure that I am doing my job to the best ability, it will be important for me to take my 30-minute lunch away from my desk. I will respond to all e-mails or questions upon my return.”
“I am going on vacation next week. During this time, I will not be on my work e-mail. I will respond to all messages upon my return. If you need something urgently, please contact my colleague who can assist you.”
“I love new projects and opportunities. To ensure that I am completing my current projects to the best of my ability, I will need at least 2 weeks notice for all new projects in the future.”
As you can see from these examples, all of the communication in these scenarios is short, direct, and to the point. Try to keep your communication to a few sentences to make sure that you are getting your main point across.
Enforce Your Boundaries
Once you know you have clearly communicated your boundaries, it is also important to enforce them. When you are setting new boundaries, people may naturally try to push against them, whether they mean to or not.
If they do give you pushback or forget about your boundaries, it will be very important for you to assertively stand up for yourself and your boundaries.
Here are some examples of how you may stand up for your boundaries with the various scenarios shared above:
“As we discussed, I am unable to schedule meetings during my 30-minute lunch or do other kinds of work during this time. I would be happy to schedule a meeting for a different time.”
“I understand that this project is sensitive and on a deadline. I will make sure to prioritize the main tasks for completion before I leave on my vacation. During my vacation, my colleague has agreed to follow up on any questions or needs as I will not be able to respond or do work during my week away.”
“This new project sounds very interesting. To ensure that I am doing the best work on my current projects, I will not be able to take on this project as I have not received the two week notice that we discussed. I’d be happy to help in the future. Please make sure to give me two weeks notice so I can ensure that I have the proper time to work on an additional project.”
As you can see from these examples, the communication is once again direct, to the point, and kind. It’s important to keep in mind that boundaries without enforcement are not really boundaries.
Therefore, once you have set a boundary, it’s crucial to enforce it so others are aware of the boundaries that are important to you. This is also important for your own self-esteem, confidence, and stress levels.
Helpful Enforcement Reminders
Make sure that you are setting boundaries that you are willing to enforce and that are reasonable for you before you share them with others.
It’s also helpful to note that people may forget our boundaries or push back against them in the beginning. This is natural and common.
However, if you are finding that your boundaries are being consistently disregarded, questioned, or aggressively argued with, it’s important to evaluate your overall work environment and determine if it is a healthy environment for you.
If it is not a healthy environment, exploring new options may be necessary.
Summary
Poor boundaries in the workplace are one of the biggest reasons for high stress, burnout, and decreased productivity and efficiency.
Learning to set boundaries is one of the best ways to improve your mood, boost productivity, and feel confident in the workplace.
Consider the tips and examples shared today. Identify 1-2 boundaries that you would like to work on and can practice sharing with people in your workplace.
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----About Dr. Julia
Hi! I'm Dr. Julia. Health psychologist, stress and sleep expert, and creator of the Master Stress Method.
I have worked with thousands of individuals in major hospitals, university medical centers, and primary care settings to improve their stress levels, sleep, and overall emotional and physical well being.
My current focus is helping busy professionals prevent and manage the high stress that is getting in the way of their productivity, mood, sleep, and their ability to reach their full potential.
My 8-week, 1:1 coaching program has helped hundreds of stressed out, overwhelmed, and burned out clients significantly reduce their stress and anxiety, improve their sleep, and maximize their productivity, in just 8 short weeks. | https://www.drjuliakogan.com/post/professional-boundaries-to-decrease-workplace-stress |
Most of us have been in a group or two with one group member who dominates the group experience. Maybe there’s been someone who tried to dominate every group you’ve been in. It’s important for the health of our groups and for our growth as leaders that we learn how to set boundaries for dominant group members.
If one member of the group dominates the group experience, the real issues of growth and care for other members may never be addressed. Individuals who don’t grow and aren’t cared for will carry that experience into their future groups. They may even decide that community isn’t worth the effort. And if leaders don’t set boundaries, dominant group members will carry that pattern of behavior into their future groups as well.
We can’t “kick the can down the road” or “run out the clock.” The opportunity to create and sustain a healthy group is now. But first we have to set boundaries.
This is never easy. But the more you do it, the better you get at it. In the long run, it’s easier to set boundaries at the outset of the group than to have to rein someone in six months into the life of the group. How do you do this?
First, clearly establish from the beginning that small group is not a support group. While care is part of the experience, the small group isn’t equipped or designed to be a recovery group or a place for counseling sessions.
Second, address the distinction between caregiving and caretaking. God calls us to provide care in times of need, but we’re not caretakers for individuals in our groups.
Third, establish at the outset that spiritual growth is a goal for the group. That means group members are willing to listen and apply insights and actions suggested by the group.
Finally, group is a place for accountability. Community allows God to restore and reconcile us to him throughour relationships with others. Isaiah 61 says, “He has sent me to bind up the brokenhearted, to proclaim freedom for the captives and release from darkness the prisoners.” What greater charge can leaders have? When we proclaim biblical truths, those truths become the key to breaking through the barriers that hold a needy person hostage. Those truths shine a light where darkness has thrived for years. As leaders, we have the opportunity, challenge, privilege, and responsibility to deliver truth.
Setting boundaries is essential in helping lead groups well. But there are times when group members refuse to live within the established group boundaries. Part Two of this post explores what to do in that kind of situation. | https://joemcfadden.blog/2016/09/06/setting-group-boundaries-part-one/ |
Drop of liquid on a microscope slide effect?
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#Runaway cluster?
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Optical effect of artifact or Einstein's cross galaxy? Double negative exposure ala?
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#Runaway Cluster?
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Runaway Clusters?
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Are those runaway clusters?
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Could it be a black hole at the end of its life? Lost it's gravitational magnitude, emitting high frequency radiation and coloring the nebul
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Domuinant center discus double black hole elipse?
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Umbrella shaped? Dust Eddies or Spots instead of dust lanes, Gene Kelly Galaxy?
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Error 1/3 of image black
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Is there a Black Hole at the center of this galaxy or just a wormhole?
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#DoubleYolk Merging double Focii Galaxy
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Geometrically positioned around a void?
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Is that a ring galaxy with no center lower left of artifact?
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Purple Frequency polar flaring out of particularly dense galaxy's black hole with parallel merger lines just noticeable center galaxy
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The object lower right is not illuminating itself? Dead star? Dead Black Hole?
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Odd Angle, are there poles to the universe?
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Cheshire Cat Cluster
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Could this be two spirals connected by bulge?
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Runaway cluster or merger? How do you tell the difference?
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Honey Dripper Galaxy, post merger?
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Runaway cluster?
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Elliptical Radii Galaxy, Runaway Cluster and Spun Off Galaxy?
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Honey Dripper Galaxy, merger or optical illusion?
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Is this a runaway star cluster?
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Is this Galaxy spinning off smaller ones? | https://talk.galaxyzoo.org/users/Gtar/comments.html |
The benefit cost ratio (or BCR) of transport projects continues to receive a poor press. The 2021 Institute for Government report ‘How governments use evidence to make transport policy’ said: “While the BCRs calculated are comprehensive, with this sort of appraisal, the focus on this single number can hide more than it illuminates”.
In that respect, the BCR has probably been a victim of its own success. Whereas twenty-five years ago the quantified (dis)benefits of a project were limited to analyses of travel times, vehicle operating costs and accidents, this quite short list of quantified and monetized impacts in the BCR has grown since to reflect, for instance, wider economic benefits, landscape impacts, noise, air quality and health benefits. A reasonable question is whether some of these impacts should really be monetized, if the methods and input parameters are sufficiently understood by practitioners, and if this growth in monetizing impacts has reduced the perceived necessity to provide a qualified strategic narrative rather than a single, precise number.
Some suspect that, given the complexity of transport modelling processes, the single value represented by the BCR is easily gamed by a careful choice of assumptions, many hidden in the depths of the model. I would say that this concern can be quite easily addressed by insisting on forensic reporting of model structure, parameters and other assumptions, and carried out through peer review and carefully designed sensitivity testing.
What I do consider a fair criticism of BCRs is that we end up measuring and valuing what we can measure and value, not what we should. For instance, are travel time (dis)benefits a good enough and defensible proxy for all other impacts resulting from how each individual chooses to use or trade these benefits for other medium to long term choices, such as where to live?
Which is a fair segue to another weakness, that subjectively chosen boundaries in modelling and appraisal may miss important responses to the project or policy that should also have been incorporated. Examples are unintended consequences outside of the assumed geographical model boundaries, or outside of transport’s immediate domain. But it could also be that the impacts of plausible social or economic policies on the transport system in the future are not recognized and captured.
And finally, as estimated benefits are esoteric, transitory or plainly distrusted, predicted costs become the driver of the BCR (and as real-life occasions have shown, these can be gamed and have been challenged).
UK guidance in TAG is clear, in that only options with a strong strategic case should be short listed for detailed cost benefit analysis, and the BCR will only be calculated for options which pass this test. The ATAP guidelines copy that: “a top-down strategic focus – with bottom-up information”. The BCR is a useful metric to assess variants of options that meet the strategic needs for a project, no more and no less, and ideally to compare like-for-like projects.
There is definitely a case to make for more sensitivity testing and the modelling of alternative scenarios to support any BCR, but a range of values won’t make the life of decision-makers any easier. I like to refer to a quote ascribed to Lyndon B Johnson: “Ranges are for cattle. Give me a number”. BCRs have been that number and the pressure for a single all-encompassing figure will remain. It’s up to us as transport planning practitioners to lead that debate, which includes much better visualization of all benefits (monetized or not) and a recognition of the often false precision with which BCRs have previously been presented. | https://veitchlister.com/the-benefit-cost-ratio-a-victim-of-its-own-success/ |
How do you write manufacturing work instructions?
9 basic steps of writing Work Instructions
- Know exactly how to do the task.
- Plan how to write steps in order.
- Write instructions beginning with a verb.
- Write each step as a small piece.
- Include warnings as pre-steps.
- Write the steps in logical order.
- Review and edit instructions carefully.
- Express steps in the positive.
How do you create a standard work instruction?
Now follow the 5 steps to create standardized work instructions in lean manufacturing:
- Observe work. Start with an observation of a task you wish to standardize.
- Understand the throughput of the process.
- Define the task steps.
- Document the standard in-process inventory.
- Create a combination table.
How do you write a procedure and work instructions template?
How to Write a Work Instruction Template
- Step 1: Write a Clear and Easy-to-Understand Title.
- Step 2: Write a Descriptive Introduction.
- Step 3: Describe the Purpose of the Task.
- Step 4: Describe How To Do the Task.
- Step 5: Format for Easy Reading.
- Step 6: Validate the Information.
- Step 7: Rewrite and Simplify.
How do you write recommendations and instructions?
Give direct instructions
- 1 action per recommendation. Include only 1 action per recommendation to keep it short.
- Show the strength of the recommendation.
- Only include what readers need to know.
- Make sure the population is clear.
- Be specific.
- Use person-centred language.
What should be first to be considered when given work instruction?
Your work instruction checklist
- Identified process the task is part of.
- Identified the purpose of the task.
- Understood the task’s scope.
- Named people responsible for the task.
- Stated tools required for the task.
- Mentioned any safety requirements.
- Chosen an appropriate and helpful format.
- Used helpful visual aids.
How detailed should work instructions be?
Clarity: Good work instructions provide clear, precise, and comprehensive directions on how employees should perform tasks. Clarity means any employee can read a task description and understand its meaning immediately upon reading it.
What is a good work instruction?
Effective work instructions : 5 good practices to write them
- Keep it simple ! Simplicity and efficiency often run together in the industry world.
- Write clear and accurate documents. Clarity and precision.
- Go Paperless !
- Make the work instructions one of the company quality system pillars.
- Put yourself in the user’s shoes.
What are the main characteristics of a standard work instruction?
Four Essentials of Effective Work Instructions
- Credibility: Workers trust them. Credible work instructions are at the heart of standardized best practices.
- Clarity: Workers understand them.
- Accessibility: Workers can get to them.
- Consistency: They match worker training.
- Conclusion.
How do you politely give instructions?
We use the imperative form to give orders, warnings and advice: Be quiet! Take care! Listen!…You should soften the imperative form with let’s or please while talking to an adult.
- Let’s go now, shall we?
- Let’s take a break, shall we?
- Please listen to what I’m saying. (More polite than ‘Listen to what I am saying. ‘)
How to establish a process centre of Excellence?
Establishing how a centre of excellence is going to be run and by whom, needs to be done first and foremost. Scheduling meetings is essential because a coherent structure for the governing body itself has to be clearly stipulated.
Which is the best work instruction software for manufacturing?
SwipeGuide – The #1 Work Instruction Software for Manufacturing. The #1 Workforce Excellence Platform in Europe. Crowdsource critical operational knowledge from your manufacturing and field service teams. Create, share, and track digital work instructions that significantly reduce errors and downtime.
Where can I find digital manufacturing work instructions?
The ThingWorx Industrial IoT Platform provides everything you need to start leveraging the IIoT for your business—including ThingWorx Operator Advisor, one of the pre-built applications we provide to manufacturers to create and provide digital work instructions. Page Not found or Currently under translation for the Language you requested.
How is Vestas using digital manufacturing work instructions?
Compare a day with and without digital work instructions – from Engineering instruction pass-down to end-of-shift changes and everything in between. See how Vestas is using digital manufacturing work instructions to reduce training time, improve quality, and replace paper-based work instructions. | https://www.assemblymade.com/2019/07/how-do-you-write-manufacturing-work-instructions/ |
Under the ( magnetic ) remanence M R , and retentive or ( back ) permanent magnetism , residual magnetism or remanence mentioned, is meant those magnetization that a previously by an external magnetic field H , z. B. saturated with a current-carrying coil (i.e. maximally) magnetized particles, after removal of the external field. In diagrams that plot the magnetic flux density B over H , the remanent flux density remains for H = 0 . Magnetic remanence is inherent in all ferromagnetic materials and, depending on the area of application, desirable or undesirable, even if it has different degrees of strength.
Applications
Magnetic remanence forms the basis for all storage methods based on magnetism such as hard disks , floppy disks , magnetic tapes ( tape , compact cassette , MAZ , streamers ), in which magnetic materials such as iron (III) oxide - or Chromium (IV) oxide crystals are magnetized on the surface of the data carrier and retain their remanence even after the magnetic field has been removed - i.e. after the writing or speaking head has moved away again. Magnetic data storage media such as hard disks, magnetic tapes, magnetic cards are inconceivable without remanence, as are the permanent magnets found in many everyday applications, such as loudspeakers or bicycle dynamos .
Unwanted occurrence
In contrast, magnetic remanence z. B. for switching on transformers , since these can then no longer be switched on optimally in the voltage peak without inrush current, as the (outdated) textbook theory says.
Magnetic remanence is also undesirable in cutting tools such as scissors, knives and turning tools. The accidental contact of tools with permanent magnets or their mechanical overload can lead to them becoming permanent magnets, so that afterwards chips or objects can stick to them.
With relays , when the actuating coil is de-energized, the armature is safely dropped by an air gap (brass rivet, foil, etc.).
Even lifting magnets can sometimes not "let go" of magnetizable loads and require an air gap.
In the event of unwanted magnetization, magnetic heads can show altered playback properties or change the recording.
The mask in color picture tubes , if it is magnetized, leads to errors in the color reproduction.
The erasing of permanent magnetism (tools, data carriers, magnetic heads, picture tubes) can be achieved with fading alternating fields.
Natural remanence
In the wild, remanently magnetized material is found in the form of rocks that contain ferromagnetic minerals (e.g. magnetite ). The external magnetic field that is responsible for this remanent magnetization is usually the earth's magnetic field .
The magnetization can take place in different ways. In igneous rocks , all ferromagnetic mineral particles align themselves with the earth's magnetic field when the melt cools down when it reaches its Curie temperature , whereby the rock is permanently magnetized. This process is called thermoremanence or thermal remanence .
In the case of metamorphic rocks or rocks that have been transformed in some other way (e.g. by chemical weathering or during diagenesis ), the newly formed ferromagnetic particles have grown in alignment with the earth's magnetic field. This process is called chemoremanence or chemical remanence. A special form of chemoremanence is biogenic chemoremanence, which only affects sedimentary rocks : some anaerobic or microaerophilic bacteria (different groups) have iron-rich, membrane-enclosed structures in the cytoplasm, the so-called magnetosome . The magnetosomes consist of small magnetite (Fe III 2 Fe II O 4 ) or more rarely greigite crystals (Fe III 2 Fe II S 4 ), which are surrounded by a double lipid layer. The magnetosome contains up to one hundred magnetite crystals (around 0.1 μm in size), each of which acts as small permanent magnets. These magnetite crystals are usually arranged in chains that add the effect of the small permanent magnets and align the bacterium in the magnetic field like a compass needle ( magnetotaxis ). After the bacteria die, the chains of magnetically aligned magnetic crystals are preserved and document the magnetic field at a certain time in the history of the earth.
Detritic ferromagnetic particles in a sediment are also regulated according to the earth's magnetic field. One then speaks of sedimentation remanence . In this case, coarse particles are fixed in the grain structure relatively early after they are deposited, while finer particles are still mobile in the water-saturated area and can, if necessary, realign themselves if the prevailing geomagnetic field changes. Only with increasing compaction of the sediment into a sedimentary rock are the finer particles and with them the information about the geomagnetic field prevailing at this point in time fixed. This delayed fixation is referred to as post-sedimentation remanence .
The point in time or rather the period in which the magnetization took place can be many millions or hundreds of millions of years ago. Therefore, the corresponding rocks are information carriers regarding the earth's magnetic field in the geological past ( paleo-earth magnetic field ). A well-known example of this are the normal and inverse thermoremanent magnetized strips of oceanic crust that run parallel to the mid-ocean ridges (see → ocean floor spreading , → magnetostratigraphy ).
See also
An effect similar to magnetic remanence is the dielectric absorption of electrical capacitors (see also electrets ).
literature
- Stephen J. Blundell: Magnetism in Condensed Matter. Oxford University Press, 2001, ISBN 0-19-850592-2
Individual evidence
- ↑ Entire paragraph according to: Christiane Martin, Manfred Eiblmaier (Ed.): Lexicon of Geosciences: in six volumes , Heidelberg [u. a.]: Spectrum, Akad. Verl., 2000-2002.
- ↑ Maximilian Schuch: Paleomagnetism and rock magnetism of glacial and post-glacial lake sediments of Upper Bavaria. Herbert Utz Verlag, Wissenschaft, Munich 2000, p. 48. | https://de.zxc.wiki/wiki/Remanenz |
One-year evaluation of atraumatic restorative treatment and minimum intervention techniques on primary teeth.
Atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) and minimal intervention treatment (MIT) techniques were evaluated under field conditions in 5 regions of the Western Cape Province of South Africa, where caries prevalence exceeds 60% and remains mostly untreated. The purpose of the study was to compare and evaluate results of ART and MIT techniques in the primary dentition of 6-9 year-old schoolchildren using glass-ionomer (GI) (Fuji IX) and compomer (Dyract AP) materials. At baseline 401 children were treated, and 1,119 restorations placed by 5 calibrated dentists, 53% with ART (using hand instruments only) and 47% with MIT (minimal use of slow hand-piece) techniques. Evaluations were done with a CPI periodontal probe to measure marginal defects and to detect decay. A pain assessment for the restoration procedures indicated that 80% of subjects experienced no pain, 18% discomfort and slight pain, and 2% required local anaesthetic. After one year 90.5% of subjects and 80% of restorations were followed up (11.1% lost as a result of exfoliation); of these restorations 86% were clinically acceptable (84.1% of the ART and 88% of the MIT). With the art technique 82.7% of GI restorations and 85.6%, of compomer restorations were acceptable. With the MIT technique 86.5% of GI restorations and 89.9% of compomer restorations were acceptable. Success of restorations per region varied significantly: regions 1 and 2-90%, region 3-80%, region 4-70% and region 5-95%. There were no significant statistical differences in respect of materials or methods employed. ART and MIT techniques were well accepted as complementary caries approaches by operators. One-year results show that ART and MIT techniques were successful, substantiating its use for the primary dentition in areas with high caries prevalence. Longer-term assessments are required.
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Using an alarm to meditate can have its benefits, but there are a few things you should know to ensure it supports you and doesn’t hinder you.
In this post I’d like to share a few thoughts that will help you to understand when you might want to use an alarm and why it’s important to choose an appropriate one.
I’ll also let you know what I think is one of the best timers for meditation.
Guided vs Self Led Meditation?
Guided meditations are great, and can be useful at many levels of experience, but at some point, it’s important to develop the capacity to meditate on your own.
That doesn’t mean you have to stop guided meditations all together, it just means developing your own personal relationship to your practice.
Just you and your mind.
It brings a different level of self knowledge and skill to navigate your mind and emotions.
Meditating consistently is one of the most important keys to feeling progress in your practice, but I always recommend adding some self led meditations to your schedule. Even if it’s only once a week, it helps you develop your own inner capacity to quiet your mind.
Some people prefer guided meditations, and some people prefer self led, and sometimes people go through phases where they do more of one than the other.
A guided meditation by a teacher can be powerful because it helps you get in touch with different states of consciousness, but when you can access those state by yourself it demonstrates a deeper level of personal ownership.
When Should You Use An Alarm?
Of course, if you’re following a guided meditation, it’s not necessary, but when you choose to do a self led practice, here are a couple of reasons why using a timer is a good idea.
To establish consistency.
Consistency is not only about committing to regular practice, but also a regular length of time. It’s helpful, especially at the beginning of your meditation journey, to be consistent with the length of your meditation. It’s better to be consistent with 10 minutes a day, than to do five minutes one day, 20 minutes the next, and 10 the next… fluctuating with the day or your mood doesn’t help you build an effective practice.
Our body responds to rhythms, so committing to a consistent length of meditation can help build this rhythm. When you feel comfortable with it, you can always increase your time and commit to a new rhythm.
Dropping some of the games your mind plays
Using a timer for consistency of time is also helpful because it helps you let go into your meditation. Some days your meditation will feel like it just passed by, while other days it will feel like it’s taking forever. This is natural. But setting your timer will help you to not get caught in some of the games that your mind will play as it tries to convince you that your time is up so you can end your meditation– you’re sure it’s been 10 minutes already but when you open your eyes it’s only been 4.
The timer allows you to just keep following the process of your meditation until it alerts you that it’s time to finish.
When you only have a set amount of time.
If you only have a certain amount of time to meditate, then setting a timer also helps you to let go into your meditation, because you won’t have to worry about weather you might be late for something.
You’ll always be challenged by thoughts coming and going in meditation but setting a timer will help you to remove this particular worry from your mind.
Does the Type of Alarm Matter?
Yes!
If you’re new to meditation you might not think the type of alarm makes a big difference. But the more you practice and the deeper your meditations become, the more important the quality of your alarm is.
Why?
Because as your meditations become deeper, if your alarm is too intense or too loud, it can be a very jarring experience to pull you out of your meditation.
You might be meditating for 5, 10, 20 or maybe 30 minutes (the length of time is not always the factor), and you’re in a very peaceful state, and then suddenly you’re jolted out by your alarm…
Now, instead of peacefulness, your body feels like it’s had a fright.
I don’t mean to make you paranoid about these things, and an inappropriate alarm may not always have this effect on you, but when it does, it’s very unpleasant.
It’s not only unpleasant, but this can also harm the progress of your meditation practice.
Being jolted out of your meditation hurts.
When you’re deeper in meditation, and you’re jolted out by your alarm it can hurt… and if it happens too often, it can create resistance inside you to going deeper. Because at some level you know what can happen if you go deeper. So, you’ll unconsciously keep yourself at a more superficial level.
When I say deeper in meditation, this is relative to where you’re at. Don’t compare your depth to someone else’s.
It’s also important to remember, we often don’t realize how deep we are until we start to return, or an alarm goes off. It’s the contrast of coming back that can help you understand how deep you were.
If you are currently using an alarm, the important thing to notice is: Did it feel like you were shocked out of your meditation. Did the alarm startle you?
If yes, then it could be too intense.
The ideal alarm, if you’re using one, is one that is soft and simple.
And also, one that doesn’t require you to turn off. The return from meditation is an important phase and shouldn’t be rushed, and if you have to respond physical too quickly after your meditation you can lose some of the subtle benefits from your meditation.
My Favourite Meditation Timer
When I do use a timer for meditation, I like Insight Timer. Insight Timer is an app you can install on your smart phone.
What I like about it is that I wouldn’t really call it an alarm, it’s more a non-intrusive gong sound to signal the end of your meditation. It’s just enough to let me know it’s time to return from my meditation.
So, if you’re looking for the perfect timer for your self led meditations, I highly recommend giving Insight Timer a try. There are a variety of settings and different gongs you can choose, so you can see what feels best for you.
It’s more than just a timer!
The other great thing about Insight Timer is that it also has a huge library of teachers offering guided meditations and talks, many of which are free.
And… I’m very happy to let you know that you can find me on there too!
If you go to Insight Timer and search Ben Fizell, you’ll find me, or you can find my profile here: Ben Fizell
At the time of writing this post I have two meditations and one talk on there. But I’ll be adding more very soon.
If you’d like to be notified when I release new talks and meditations be sure to follow me within the app.
If you find the talks or meditations helpful and you know someone who might benefit, then please share. A simple share can lift other up by receiving the same benefits as you.
…
The Peacekeeper Project offers training and education to help you quiet your busy mind, so you can live from your heart.
To get started with meditation and learn the Peacekeeper Project’s Heart Space Meditation, you can gain access to a Free Course here.
If you’re ready to dive in and live from your heart, then Finding Stillness is a comprehensive 21 Day Meditation and Mindfulness Online Course that will teach you how to quiet your busy mind so you can live from the heart.
I invite you to join the Peacekeeper Project community, by joining the Facebook Group, or sign up for our newsletter to receive unique perspectives, useful tips for meditation and mindfulness, and updates for classes, courses and events. | https://peacekeeperproject.com/using-an-alarm-to-meditate-heres-what-you-need-to-know/ |
A daily rhythmic activity cycle, based on 24-hour intervals, that is exhibited by many organisms.
A daily cycle of biological activity based on a 24-hour period and influenced by regular variations in the environment, such as the alternation of night and day. Circadian rhythms include sleeping and waking in animals, flower closing and opening in angiosperms, and tissue growth and differentiation in fungi. See also biological clock.
The circadian rhythm, present in humans and most other animals, is generated by an internal clock that is synchronized to light-dark cycles and other cues in an organism's environment. This internal clock accounts for waking up at the same time every day even without an alarm clock. It also causes nocturnal animals to function at night when diurnal creatures are at rest. Circadian rhythms can be disrupted by changes in daily schedule. Biologists have observed that birds exposed to artificial light for a long time sometimes build nests in the fall instead of the spring. While the process underlying circadian rhythm is still being investigated, it is known to be controlled mainly by the release of hormones. In humans, the internal clock is located within the brain's hypothalamus and pineal gland, which releases melatonin in response to the information it receives from photoreceptors in the retina. Nighttime causes melatonin secretion to rise, while daylight inhibits it. Even when light cues are absent, melatonin is still released in a cyclical manner. | https://www.dictionary.com/browse/circadian-rhythm |
A circadian rhythms expert tells NPR why he won’t change the light-dark cycle on rodents in his lab.
TL: What’s the most dramatic effect of a disruption to circadian rhythms that you’ve seen in your own work?
LK: We were quite surprised to see that twice weekly six-hour advances of the light-dark cycle, for four weeks, caused a greater than 50 percent reduction in the birth of new cells in the brains of hamsters. New cells are added every day to the memory center in our brains to help learn and retain new information. This reduction in new cell birth led to dramatic deficits in learning and memory that lasted at least a month after the jet lag ended. We knew jet lag was bad for the brain, but were surprised by how bad! | https://sleepreviewmag.com/curated/lab-rats-dont-observe-daylight-saving-time/ |
Many Maryland accident victims do not have direct evidence of a defendant’s negligence. That is, the plaintiff does not have direct proof of the cause of the accident. In these cases, accident victims must prove the case through circumstantial evidence of the defendant’s fault, relying on inferences of the defendant’s fault.
How Does a Maryland Accident Victim Prove a Personal Injury Claim?
In a Maryland negligence claim, a plaintiff must generally show that the defendant had a duty to protect the plaintiff from injury, the defendant breached that duty, the plaintiff suffered an injury or loss, and the loss or injury was proximately caused by the defendant’s breach of its duty. Proof of causation may rest on direct evidence, circumstantial evidence, or a combination of the two. A negligence claim can rest solely on circumstantial evidence. However, the circumstantial evidence must create “a reasonable likelihood or probability rather than a possibility” that supports a “rational basis of causation” and cannot be based solely on speculation.
In a recent case before a state appeals court, the court considered whether there was sufficient evidence of causation in a case that rested on circumstantial evidence. In that case, the plaintiff went to a medical center to visit a patient. As she was walking to the patient’s room, the plaintiff slipped and fell in front of a utility-room door and fractured her kneecap. She alleged that the floor was wet and sued the Medical Center for negligence. The case went to trial, and a jury found in the plaintiff’s favor and awarded her more than a million dollars. The defendant appeal, arguing in part that there was insufficient evidence of a wet floor or that the medical center knew of a wet substance on the floor.
The appeals court agreed and reversed the jury’s decision. The court held that the jury would have had to rely on “improperly stacked inferences” to find in the plaintiff’s favor. The plaintiff had submitted evidence of a video that showed employees dragging linen bags and trash into the utility room, which the plaintiff argued could have leaked onto the floor. The hospital had a policy against dragging bags, which had the potential to spill. The plaintiff also argued that a meal tray also could have spilled on the floor. The court found that the case was based on a series of inferences. There was no direct evidence of a wet substance on the floor before the plaintiff fell and that it was just as plausible that the plaintiff slipped on wetness caused by her own flip-flips and clothes after entering the hospital during a rainstorm. Thus, the court reversed the decision in favor of the plaintiff.
Baltimore, Maryland Attorneys Representing Accident Victims
Maryland accident victims and their families should consult with an experienced injury attorney as soon as possible. Evidence can disappear, and a claim must be filed before the statute of limitations passes. The Maryland personal injury attorneys at Lebowitz & Mzhen have more than twenty years of litigating accident claims in the Baltimore area. Their legal team works closely with medical experts to evaluate claims and aggressively pursue compensation for their clients. They know what it takes to build a successful negligence case. Contact them online or call them toll-free at 800-654-1949 to schedule a free consultation. | https://www.marylandaccidentlawblog.com/proving-a-maryland-accident-case-through-circumstantial-evidence/ |
If you often find yourself waking up with sore facial muscles, you may be suffering from bruxism or unconsciously clenching jaw in your sleep. A few people also report experiencing other symptoms such as excruciating headaches, earaches, and sore or tight jaw (especially when chewing or speaking). Unconsciously clenching your jaw is a common condition but it can cause discomfort over time. Make sure you know how to address it.
Why do I subconsciously clench my jaw?
While the exact cause of teeth grinding is largely unknown, experts attribute it to psychological stress and increased anxiety.
Teeth grinding and clenching is fairly common, especially among adults (though children may also acquire this condition).
Jaw tightness can be a result of many things, such as inflammation caused by certain drugs, injury from trauma, anxiety, stress, and misaligned teeth. The jaw can also tighten from overexertion such as chewing too much, and clenching and grinding teeth during sleep.
Grinding and clenching teeth at night (nocturnal bruxism) is considered as a sleep disorder. Daytime bruxism, on the other hand, is usually associated with clenching rather than grinding. This is often linked to anxiety and stress.
What are the causes of involuntary teeth clenching?
There are several potential causes of involuntary teeth clenching. This can be attributed to anxiety and stress, reaction to certain medications, TMJ disorder, or misaligned teeth. Unconsciously clenching jaw can also be a combination of these causes.
The jaw joint, also known as the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), is a ball-and-socket joint similar to the one you have on your shoulders. The movement of this joint is supported by the surrounding muscles.
Depending on the exact cause, jaw tightness can be felt on right, left, or even both sides. Pain can also radiate all the way to the ear, neck, and shoulders. Pain can be gradual or last for a long period of time. It can vary from dull ache to intense and throbbing pain.
Here are other reasons why people clench their jaws and grind their teeth.
Stress and Anxiety
Increased stress and anxiety can negatively affect a person’s physiological health.
Unconsciously clenching jaws, teeth grinding, and muscle tension are common symptoms of stress and anxiety, along with tension around the shoulders, neck muscles, and clenching of fist. Overtime, this leads to more serious dental health problems, such as wear and tear of teeth, cracks, and even loss of teeth.
TMJ Disorder
As said earlier, the jaw joint is a ball joint. Like your shoulders, it’s a pretty complex joint that handles a wide range of movements. Tension problems on this joint and its surrounding muscles will greatly limit its range of motion, affecting how you speak, chew, and yawn.
This disorder could also lead to locking in one or both jaws. The pain can be aching or throbbing, with a feeling of tenderness in or near the ear and face. Chewing food could also worsen the pain and make clicking sounds with a grinding sensation.
The symptoms for TMJ disorder include difficulty chewing or opening the mouth and persistent headaches.
Misaligned Teeth
Dental problems such as misaligned teeth could lead to bruxism (teeth grinding). If the lower and upper teeth don’t mesh together perfectly, this may promote excessive teeth grinding, which leads to abnormal wear and tear of the enamel of the teeth. This could worsen the problem on teeth misalignment.
Sleep Disorder
Sleep disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea (excessive snoring, which interrupts breathing patterns during sleep) is strongly associated with bruxism.
Medication
Certain drugs are known to cause people to develop unconsciously clenching jaw problems, especially those medications known to treat psychiatric conditions (antipsychotics, antidepressants, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors or SSRIs).
Experts believe these types of medication causes changes in one’s central nervous system, which promotes excessive jaw clenching and teeth grinding. Some of those drugs that were cited as to have links to this problem include Paxil (paroxetine), Prozac (fluoxetine), and Zoloft (sertraline).
Excessive Chewing
Just like any joint and muscle in your body, your jaw joint and surrounding muscles will feel sore, pain, and discomfort from excessive chewing.
Chewing a gum, for example, can overwork the muscles and cause painful spasms around the jaw area, which can extend to the neck. This could also lead to TMJ disorder.
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
This form of arthritis is caused by an autoimmune inflammatory disorder, which affects the joints and muscles throughout the body. This could also lead to the inflammation of the TMJ.
An inflamed jaw joint is painful to move (open, chew, etc.) and may cause further damage to the surrounding tissue. Other symptoms of RA include the following: jaw tightness, inflammation, fever, and bumps underneath the skin around the joint area.
How can I stop unconsciously clenching my jaw?
While your dentist can custom-fit a mouth guard to minimize the effects of clenching your jaw, this will not stop you from continuously clenching your jaw and grinding your teeth. Fortunately, there are things you can do to stop unconsciously clenching your jaw, in combination with the prescribed mouth guard.
Practice mindful teeth placement/jaw exercises
Relax your jaw muscles by opening your mouth as wide as possible and touching your front teeth with your tongue.
Keep your lower and upper teeth from touching each other (unless when chewing food). You can do so by saying the letter “n” to position your tongue between your teeth. Keep your mouth in this position to avoid teeth grinding and jaw clenching.
Manage stress with relaxation techniques
Meditation and relaxation exercises such as yoga, Tai Chi, and deep breathing exercises can all help you relax your jaw muscles.
Self-massage
Learn to massage your jaw and help the muscles around the TMJ relax by reducing tension. You can also hold a warm towel against your jaw to promote relaxation of muscle and blood flow.
Watch your diet
Soft diet is often recommended for acute symptoms. Avoid hard, tough, and chewy food. Avoid chewing gums or any food that can cause you to overwork your jaw muscles. Also, smoking, excessive alcohol and caffeine intake are known culprits for jaw clenching.
Does clenching your jaw damage your teeth?
Yes, absolutely. Though occasional teeth grinding is usually harmless, excessive jaw clenching and teeth grinding results in a wide variety of health conditions, such as pain and discomfort, and damage to teeth. It can cause abnormal wear and tear to the teeth, as well as cause the enamel to crack. This could eventually lead to tooth loss. | https://www.tmjandsleep.com.au/articles/unconsciously-clenching-jaw-causes-treatment-options/ |
Youth living within low-resource communities are at a greater risk for poorer socio-emotional development. A youth’s socio-emotional competence includes their ability to use one’s skills and knowledge for navigation within different environments, interactions with others, and adapting to expectations. Music therapy clinicians often serve children and youth who have experienced threats to their adaptation resulting from exposure to social, cultural, or economic stressors. Pasiali and Clark decided to examine the potential benefit a music therapy social skills development program may have on improving social skills and academic performance of school-aged children who have limited resources in afterschool programs.
For this study, participants were recruited from an afterschool program delivered in a leasing office area at a public-housing apartment. The data of 14 participants was used in the study due to 7 participants becoming ineligible for different reasons not associated with a lack of interest or decision to discontinue. Due to the nature of the study setting, all individuals who participated in this study were exposed to various social, economic, or cultural stressors. All individuals who participated in the study received 50 minutes of weekly music therapy sessions for eight weeks delivered in a group setting. Group sizes fluctuate depending on the week, ranging from 8 to 21 students. Each week, students attending the program verbally assented to participate in music therapy. During sessions, the music therapist guided session content based upon scores from the Home and Community Social Behavioral Scale. Music therapy sessions consisted of experiences such as movement to music, active music-making, Orff-based musical exercises, improvisation, role-play, music-assisted relaxation, music performance, and songwriting.
To examine the effect of music therapy, Pasiali and Clark designed a single-group pre/post-test design to examine improvements in problem behaviors, academic performance, and social skills resulting from participating in the program. The Social Skills Improvement System results indicated significant improvement in communication. Problem behaviors decreased significantly in regards to hyperactivity/inattentiveness and autistic tendencies. However, internalizing behaviors only indicated a marginal decrease. Overall, participating in the eight-session program showed a reduced average number of low-performance/high-risk behaviors.
This study has shown through analysis of a pre/post-test design, that music therapy may have a significant effect on socio-emotional development with children who are living within low-resource communities. This study used a small sample size of participants living in an environment with various social, economic, or cultural stressors to take a look at their socio-emotional development through the creation of a social skills development program for youth with limited resources. | https://centralohiomusictherapy.com/evaluation-of-a-music-therapy-social-skills-development-program-for-youth-with-limited-resources-3/ |
Uganda People and Living, The people of Uganda are most known for their hospitality. Uganda has a friendly and welcoming people! This article sheds light on the people of Uganda and who they are.
Ethnicity
The people of Uganda are divided along ethnic lines. Uganda people spring from a diverse range of ethnic groups; the Bantu, Luo, Atekerin, and Sudanic people.
The Bantu
The Bantu comprise the earliest group of people that came to Uganda, and they constitute over half of the country’s population.
Some of Uganda’s Bantu tribes are; the Baganda, Basoga, Banyankore, Bakonjo, Banyoro, Batooro, Bakiga, Bafumbira, Bagwere, Basamia, Bamba, and Batwa. These tribes majorly occupy the Central, Western, and Eastern regions of Uganda.
Atekerin
Also referred to as the Para-Nilotics and Nilo-Hamites, the Atekerin is part of the Uganda people.
The Langi, Karamajong, Iteso, Kakwa, and Kumam people belong to this group. The Atrkerin people especially reside in the north, east, and north-eastern regions of Uganda.
Luo
The Acholi, Alur, and Japadhola, are the tribes that belong to this group of Uganda people. The Alur people live in West Nile, the Acholi in the northern region and the Japs live in the east.
The Sudanic people
The Madi tribe, Lugbara, Bari, Okebu, and Metu people belong to this group of Uganda people. The Sudanic people trace their origin from Sudan but they have imbibed the Ugandan culture and ways of life.
Languages spoken
Because of Uganda’s ethnologically diverse background, there are over 40 languages spoken throughout the country.
Official languages
English and Swahili are the official languages spoken by the people of Uganda. English is however more dominantly spoken and has been used as the medium of instruction in schools since the post-colonial days. Uganda People and Living
Swahili was only approved as an official language in Uganda in 2005. Although the language is widely spoken in the African Great Lakes region, it has not gathered as much momentum among the Uganda people. A lesser percentage of the population speaks the language and the majority are yet to learn and adopt it.
Dominant local languages
Luganda, a language dominantly spoken in Central Uganda is the official vernacular. To ‘survive’ in Kampala and the surrounding districts, foreign tourists are better off with some basic Luganda.
The languages dominantly spoken by Uganda people in the western region of the country are; Runyankole, Rukiga, Rutoro and Rukonzo. Acholi, Ateso, Alur, Lango and Lugbara, are some of the dominantly spoken languages in the Northern region. Lusoga, Lugwere, and Lugisu, are among the languages spoken in the Eastern region of Uganda.
Tribes and traditional kingdoms
With over 54 tribes, Uganda is without a doubt a country of tribal diversity. Uganda people are divided along tribal lines, with most tribal groups being under the rulership of kings and traditional rulers.
The most prominent kingdoms in Uganda include the Buganda kingdom led by Kabaka Muwenda Mutebi II. The Ganda tribe is the most dominant tribal group in Central Uganda. Thousands of tourists have visited the Kabaka’s palace (Lubira) and other traditional monuments; the royal Kasubi tombs, Kabaka’s lake, Twekobe, Bulange (the Parliament of Buganda), and the Nagalabi Coronation Site. Uganda People and Living
Toro Kingdom headed by King Oyo Nyimba Iguru IV of the Batooro people, Bunyoro Kingdom led by Omukama Solomon Iguru I of the Banyoro tribe, Rwenzururu Kingdom headed by Omusinga Charles Weasly Mumbere of the Bakonjo people, and Busoga Kingdom headed by Kyabazinga Gabula Nadiope of the Basoga people, are some of Uganda’s eminent monarchies.
Cultural diversity
Owing to the many tribal groups found in the country, Uganda’s culture is diverse. Each Uganda people tribe has its unique cultural and traditional practices. Besides language, the local traditional dishes, attire, songs and dances give voice to Uganda’s cultural wealth.
For the people of Uganda, food has a voice; it communicates tribal and cultural depths. The Baganda people recognize matooke as the tribe’s staple food. Luwombo, a sauce of meats and grains served in steamed banana leaves is a tribal dish.
A traditional Buganda ceremony is incomplete without a serving of steamed matooke and luwombo. A safari to Uganda is only complete with a serving of the two dishes.
Kalo (millet bread) served in traditional basket-like bowls is a traditional dish for several tribes in the Western and Northern regions of Uganda. Malewa, potatoes, eshabwe, and ugali are some of the other dominant local dishes. Uganda food is a delicacy worth exploring!
Traditional attire
Each Uganda people tribe has a unique traditional attire that distinguishes and sets them apart. Cultural attire is especially worn on traditional ceremonies. Each tribe has its unique attire. Gomesi (busuuti) and Kanzu, are dresses won by women and men in Buganda and Busoga kingdoms, respectively. Uganda People and Living
Omushanana is worn in Western Uganda, while a blending of beads and kitengi are worn in the Northern and Eastern regions.
Songs and dance
Cultural diversity finds its best expression in songs and dance. Each Uganda people tribe has its own traditional songs and dances that they mostly showcase during cultural ceremonies like marriages, burials, and coronations.
The Baganda people have three predominant dances; Muwogola, Bakisimba, and Nankasa. Banyankole have Ekitahuriro dance, the Batooro people have the Orunyege-Ntogoro dance, the Basoga people have the Bigwala dance, and the Acholi people have the traditional Larakaraka dance.
The Ndere Cultural Center in Kampala is one of those places commonly visited by tourists to explore the diversity of Ugandan dance and music. The famous Ndere troupe performs at least twice a week.
Religion
The people of Uganda are dominantly Christian. Islam is the next most widely spread religion after Christianity. Uganda is a religiously tolerant country. Uganda people, including foreigners, are allowed to express their faith and religion without suppression.
A tour of Kampala city shows off catholic and protestant cathedrals, the grand Baha’I temple, many mosques, and towering Hindu temples. | https://yanetasafaris.com/uganda-people/ |
We continue to talk about places for disabled friends. Our disabled-friendly venue today is the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York.
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, one of the largest art museums in the world, is the largest art museum in the United States. This museum was founded on April 13, 1872, and has two million square meters of the building. Tens of thousands of works of art from ancient Egypt to modern art are exhibited in the museum. If you love seeing and discovering new things, the Metropolitan Museum of Art is the place for you. It will give opportunity to experience the pleasure of discovering new things for visitors.
Another nice feature of this beautiful place is that it has many advantages in terms of accessibility. Currently, many facilities are used in a limited way due to Covid-19 security measures, but still have many opportunities to facilitate people with physical disabilities. Some of these possibilities are:
1. Entry to the museum is free for people with disabilities and their caregivers. Getting free tickets is possible from the museum ticket office.
2. Disabled parking is available at The Met Fifth Avenue and The Met Cloisters.
3. The museum has accessible entrances. Accessible entrances are located at Fifth Avenue and 81st Street and through the parking garage at Fifth Avenue and 80th Street. A free shuttle service is available to visitors requiring step-free access. The pick-up stop is located near the Postern entrance (see map) and will transport visitors to and from an accessible entrance inside the Museum’s courtyard. Reservations are required and space is limited.
4. Although wheelchair escort service is not provided due to the Covid-19 pandemic, a limited number of wheelchairs are available free of charge.
5. At the Met Fifth Avenue, disabled visitors can use mobility devices, including manual and electric wheelchairs, mobility scooters, and manually operated mobility aids (such as walkers, canes, and crutches) in all pedestrian areas.
6. Usage of service dogs as an aid to the disabled are allowed in the museum, but usage of pets is not.
7. The museum provides assistive listening devices, with the condition to use personal earphones and neck loops.
8. Although Audio Guide devices cannot be rented at the moment due to the measures taken due to the Covid-19 pandemic, listening to certain tours for free with In-Gallery Guides is possible. During the visit, scanning QR codes to listen on a personal device, and bringing personal headphones are necessary.
9. The museum publicly shares all this information about accessibility on its official website.
I strongly recommend that you call the museum before your visit, as safety and health measures may change due to the Covid-19 pandemic. I hope you will enjoy visiting this museum and you will not encounter any physical obstacles. See you at another disabled-friendly place. | https://www.comfygomobility.com/blog/2021/10/25/19813-2/ |
the concept of a minimal amount of powerful people, particularly political, corporate, military, or religious leaders, who attain the most superior positions of authority in their respective organizations and share a typical attitude and morals.
POWER ELITE: "The concept of the power elite was not formally named until an American sociologist by the name of C. Wright Mills came along."
Cite this page: N., Sam M.S., "POWER ELITE," in PsychologyDictionary.org, April 7, 2013, https://psychologydictionary.org/power-elite/ (accessed June 27, 2022). | https://psychologydictionary.org/power-elite/ |
Blood pressure in inhabitants of high altitude of Western Nepal.
Studies conducted amongst the inhabitants of high altitude suggested that systolic and diastolic blood pressures are lower in the high than in low altitude population. So a study was designed to look at the blood pressure values among permanent residents of high altitudes of rural Western Nepal. This is a descriptive cross sectional study conducted at two different altitudes (2670 and 2950 meters) of Humla District, Nepal, looking at the blood pressure values among the permanent inhabitants at these altitudes. Total number of 137 subjects with 73 (53.3%) from 2950 meters and 64 (46.7%) from 2670 meters altitude were enrolled. Mean age of the study population was 35.29 years. Male were 57 (41.6%) and female 80 (58.4%). The difference in systolic blood pressures (118.59 and 114.66 mmHg, P=0.01) and mean arterial pressures (92.0 and 89.5 mmHg, P=0.02) at the altitudes of 2670 and 2950 meters were statistically significant whereas the difference in diastolic BP at these altitudes were not statistically significant. There was no significant correlation of BMI with blood pressure values and no difference was noted in the blood pressure values among the two different ethnic groups at the given altitudes. Lower rate of hypertension was observed among the inhabitants of high altitude of rural western Nepal. Blood pressure was found to decreases with increase in altitude among permanent inhabitants of high altitude.
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The characteristic features of dementia with Lewy bodies are dementia, marked fluctuation of cognitive ability, early and persistent visual hallucinations and spontaneous motor features of Parkinsonism. Other symptoms are repeated falls, syncope, transient disturbances of consciousness, neuroleptic sensitivity, and hallucinations in other modalities. This combination of features can be particularly difficult to manage, as antipsychotic drugs used to treat hallucinations, delusions and agitation will worsen Parkinsonian symptoms. The one included trial (of rivastigmine compared with placebo on 120 patients) showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups at 20 weeks. A possible beneficial effect on neuropsychiatric features was found only in analysis of observed cases, and may therefore be due to bias.
Patients with dementia with Lewy bodies who suffer from behavioural disturbance or psychiatric problems may benefit from rivastigmine if they tolerate it, but the evidence is weak. Further trials using rivastigmine are needed, as are trials of other cholinesterase inhibitors in dementia with Lewy bodies.
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) was first described in 1983, and clinical diagnostic criteria were published in the early to mid 1990s. It has been suggested DLB may account for up to 15-25% of cases of dementia among people aged over 65, although autopsy suggests much lower rates. Characteristic symptoms are dementia, marked fluctuation of cognitive ability, early and persistent visual hallucinations and spontaneous motor features of Parkinsonism. Falls, syncope, transient disturbances of consciousness, neuroleptic sensitivity, and hallucinations in other modalities are also common. This combination of features can be difficult to manage as neuroleptics can make the Parkinsonian and cognitive symptoms worse. There is evidence to suggest that the cholinesterase inhibitors may be beneficial in this disorder; small case series indicate that cholinesterase inhibitors are safe, and will improve both cognitive deficits and neuropsychiatric symptoms in DLB.
To assess the use of cholinesterase inhibitors in DLB.
The trials were identified from a search of the Specialized Register of the Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group on 25 February 2002 using the terms 'Lewy body', 'Lewy bodies' and 'Lewy'. This register contains records from all major health care databases and trial databases and is updated regularly.
Randomized, double-blindtrials in which treatment with cholinesterase inhibitors was administered and compared with alternative interventions in patients with DLB are included.
Two reviewers (TP, RW) independently assessed quality of trials according to criteria described in the Cochrane Collaboration Handbook. Each drug was to be examined separately, and together as a group. We also analysed data by time to outcome measurement; short-term (up to one month), medium term (one month up to six months) and long term (Six months and longer).
The primary outcome measures of interest are in the following areas:neuropsychiatric features. i.e. psychiatric symptoms and behavioural disturbances, cognitive function, activities of daily living, global assessments, quality of life, including maintaining role and social functioning, effect on carers, safety as measured by incidence of adverse events and side effects, acceptability of treatment as measured by withdrawal from trials, and by patient/carer assessment, institutionalization and death.
There was one included trial of rivastigmine compared with placebo on 120 patients.
The 10-item test found no significant difference between the two groups in change of scores from baseline using intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis at 20 weeks and last observation carried forward (LOCF) analysis. The treatment effect was statistically significant in favour of rivastigmine if only observed cases (OC) were analysed (WMD -6.94, 95% CI -11.59 to -2.29, P=0.003). There were similar results for the NPI-4, with only the OC analysis showing a significant superiority of rivastigmine to placebo at 20 weeks (WMD -3.75, 95%CI -6.62 to -0.88, P=0.01).
Analysis of these results showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups at 20 weeks.
Analysis of the proportion of patients who had no change or became worse found no statistically significant difference between the two groups at 20 weeks for the ITT, LOCK and OC analyses.
The placebo group experienced significantly fewer adverse events than the treatment group (54/59 vs 46/61,OR 3.52, 95%CI 1.19 to 10.43). However, using ITT analysis of 20-week data, there was no significant difference between the two groups when serious adverse events were considered.
There were no significant differences in death rates between the two groups at 20 weeks.
Analysis of these results showed no difference between the two groups at 20 weeks using ITT analysis. | https://www.cochrane.org/CD003672/DEMENTIA_no-convincing-evidence-from-one-trial-of-the-efficacy-of-cholinesterase-inhibitors-for-dementia-with-lewy-bodies |
Many people assume that language is primarily standardized. However, there’s a surprising amount of nuance, even within the same language or in a single country. Dialects lead to variances, which can cause significant challenges when you need translations.
Ultimately, failing to account for dialects can lead to translation inaccuracies. In turn, this can create communication hurdles, some of which may come with significant consequences. If you’re wondering how dialects affect translation and what steps professional language service providers take to ensure accuracy with respect to dialects, here’s what you need to know.
Dialects vs. Accents: What’s the Difference?
Many people use the terms “dialect” and “accent” interchangeably. However, the two words have starkly different meanings.
According to Merriam-Webster, an accent – in this context – is “a way of speaking typical of a particular group of people and especially of the natives or residents of a region.” Essentially, an accent is simply an adjustment in how a person pronounces a word when speaking.
With dialects, there can be variations in pronunciation, too. However, there’s also more to it. According to the Cambridge Dictionary, dialects are “a form of a language that people speak in a particular part of a country, containing some different words and grammar, etc.” That means, along with pronunciation differences, word usage and grammar also vary between dialects.
Precisely how many dialects are present across the world isn’t entirely clear. In fact, identifying all of them within a single language is challenging. There are easily more than ten Spanish dialects alone, and that’s just if you focus on major categories. If you break it down further, there may be dozens, if not hundreds, of nuanced versions of the language.
Each dialect has unique characteristics. It’s the nuances that create challenges during translations.
How Dialects Affect Translation
Generally, accents cause limited issues for interpreters. In the end, the word usage and grammar remain consistent. Once the interpreter familiarizes themselves with a particular accent, the rest becomes reasonably intuitive.
Dialects are trickier to navigate since they involve grammar and word usage variations. As a result, they can have a significant impact on translations.
The main reason dialects create difficulties is translators need to be familiar with a particular dialect to translate the material effectively. Suppose they aren’t aware of how word usage and grammar vary between the dialects. In that case, they may interpret the meaning of a word or phrase incorrectly or choose an improper word or phrase for the translation, leading to potential inaccuracies in the final output.
How Professional Language Service Providers Overcome Dialect Challenges in Translations
Typically, dialect-related translation challenges are avoidable as long as the translator knows the dialect associated with the source material and the dialect needed for the translation. However, that isn’t always determinable by simply reading the provided text or in broad translation requests. Instead, gathering more information becomes essential.
When you partner with a dependable language provider, service requestors encounter mechanisms designed to overcome any obstacles that may be present due to the presence of various dialects in the source material or the requested translation. For example, they may ask for information regarding where the original author is from and where the target audience for the translation resides. This helps them identify the distinct dialects involved, both the one used to create the source material and which one is needed to ensure full understanding by the target audience.
Often, the process outlined above is referred to as localization. Through localization services, translators focus on the nuances of specific audiences, ensuring translations align with local dialects, customs, preferences, and more. This results in more accurate outputs by making the target reader a primary consideration when the material is translated.
Additionally, since many language service providers employ vast teams of translators, those questions allow for the careful selection of a translator for a project. The provider can identify the translation professional on their team that’s strong in both of the dialects, an approach that also results in a higher-quality result.
Are You Looking for Dialect-Sensitive Translation Services?
Finding a translation service that can accommodate a wide range of dialects is essential if you want reliable, accurate translations every time.
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MARIANNA, Fla. -- Boot Hill Cemetery is giving up its secrets.
A team of researchers from the University of South Florida has begun excavation work in an effort to uncover 100 years of mysteries buried at the cemetery at the shuttered Dozier School for Boys. Anthropologists and archaeologists -- led by Associate Professor of Forensic Anthropology Erin Kimmerle and Associate Professor of Archaeology Christian Wells -- began the meticulous work Thursday.
Graduate students from USF and a crew of volunteers worked through the Labor Day weekend to excavate the first two burial sites. They carefully removed layers of soil to reach the remains, which were approximately 3-4 feet below the surface.
The work follows last year’s discovery by USF researchers of at least 19 graves more than the 31 originally believed to be in the Boot Hill cemetery.
Lifting the dirt, sifting and carefully carving around the remains, researchers gathered artifacts from the coffins as well as fragments of remains. Researchers were able to determine that both boys were between 10 and 13 years old.
To the trained observer, the grave already yielded information. Based on the measurements of the first set of remains recovered, Kimmerle estimates the boy's stature was about 5-foot-2.
"He was wrapped in a burial shroud, we found shroud pins and the coffin had some elaborate, decorative hardware on it, so we were able to recover all of that. Even a little bit of wood fragments, which was unexpected but the preservation was good," Kimmerle said.
Every artifact discovered was collected and will be brought back to the labs at USF along with the remains to help determine the time of the burial as well as possibly identify the boys.
The team has been working for more than a year on the Boot Hill cemetery, using Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) analysis to map the burial ground and analyzing soil samples to determine where the unmarked graves are located. Last month, researchers received permission from the state to conduct the excavation in an attempt to identify the boys using DNA.
Ten families have come forward hoping to find their loved ones buried on the grounds at the former Dozier School for Boys. Researchers have already collected DNA from three families actively searching for their brothers and uncles who were sent to the school more than 60 years ago and never returned.
Kimmerle is encouraged by what the team is finding on the first excavation trip, which was complicated by wet soil in the burial areas, which slowed the work.
"The process of excavation is destructive in the sense that you're taking it apart, so you want to do that in a controlled and systematic way so you get the most amount of information,” Kimmerle said. “You want to preserve everything that is there so even though we are finding wood, metals fragments and bone and teeth, it's very fragile, it's very wet because the water table is high, so we have to take all of that into consideration to preserve and protect the remains.”
Wells explains how the monumental effort involves collaboration from many different state agencies and describes the methods the graduate students will use once the remains are in the lab at USF.
"The students are using a method called block excavation, blocking out sections of the human remains that are still intact in the soil, lifting them out together with the soil and packaging them up," Wells said.
"All of the remains will be brought back to the anthropology labs at USF, where we'll meticulously, in a controlled environment, excavate those remains from the soil and begin to analyze them."
The USF team was accompanied by volunteers from the Hillsborough County Sheriff’s Office, as well as members of the Florida Emergency Mortuary Operations Response System, which provided assistance with handling the remains
The research will continue throughout the next year, including several more trips to the site to excavate the remaining burials.
-USF-
Filed under:Arts and Sciences Anthropology Research CreditsAuthor: Katy Hennig Contact: | http://www.cas.usf.edu/news/s/487 |
To Kill a Mockingbird was written by Harper Lee in 1960. This year was the height of the American civil rights movement and the period in which black people carried out political protests to gain equality. The novel explores similar accounts to Lees childhood and is told through a childs perspective which is vital as this enables the reader to learn moral lessons along with the narrator as they progress through the novel- these lessons prepare them for the harsh events to come in the second part of the novel. The story is set in the 1930s and takes place in Maycomb County, Alabama located in the southern part of North America.Order now
This is important as it took longer for slavery to be abolished in the South and even when it eventually was, racism was still embedded in society. The title of To Kill a Mockingbird has a literal link to the plot the mockingbird is one of the key themes in the novel. Tom Robinson and Boo Radley are the mockingbirds in the story- they are both kind and gentle people who are generally misunderstood by many. Harper Lee develops this theme through her use of taught lessons, metaphors, and character descriptions.
Harper Lee firstly introduces the principal of mockingbirds through Atticus when he says, Shoot all the bluejays you want, if you can hitem, but remember its a sin to kill a mockingbird. The metaphorical meaning at first is ambiguous to Scout and the reader. However a better understanding of the principal is gained when Scout asks Miss Maudie to explain. Miss Maudie then goes on to clarify to the children one of Atticus fundamental beliefs when she says they dont do one thing but sing their hearts out for us. Thats why its a sin to kill a mockingbird. From this the reader can infer that the mockingbird is used to represent innocent people who do not do wrong. This use of metaphor enhances Lees idea on the fact that mockingbirds do nothing but give and are completely harmless therefore to kill them would be what she believes to be immoral. In addition to this as the noun sin is used it reinforces Atticus belief of how unethical it would be to obliterate the innocent.
Furthermore, Harper Lee constantly reminds the readers of the theme of mockingbird by her use of the extended metaphor. After the demise of Tom Robinson, Mr Underwood goes on to describe the death as the senseless slaughter of songbirds by hunters and children This phrase portrays Tom Robinson as a vulnerable songbird which persuades the reader to think that the killing of Tom Robinson was sinful. Moreover it relates back to the theme which amplifies the unfairness of the killing even further. Within this description of Toms death Harper Lee uses the technique of sibilance to enhance the harshness of Tom Robinsons death. Also the noun slaughter makes the murdering of Tom sound more brutal whilst the adjective senseless emphasises the fact the killing was unnecessary and perhaps done through hatred.
Harper Lee uses description of characters to indicate who the mockingbirds of the novel are. Arthur (Boo) Radley is described to have feathered hair which shows the reader that not only is he innocent but he resembles the features of a bird. This only strengthens the themes of the mockingbird and innocence and how they coincide. Mr Heck Tate realises that Boo is a mockingbird as he wants to protect him after Bob Ewells death. Mr Tate understands the principal of mockingbirds and demonstrates this when he says, To my way of thinkin, Mr Finch, taking one man whos done you and this town a great service an draggin him with his shy ways into the limelight- to me thats a sin it shows that he is prepared to forget about the crime Boo had committed as he knows that Boo had good intentions and is innocent. Mr Heck Tate feels that it is wrong to send Boo to court as he is aware that the judicial system has major flaws and that Boo would not get the fair trial he deserves. Therefore he resolves this situation by simply stating that Bob Ewell fell on his knife in order to protect Boo. Through this Harper Lee ties in the theme of natural justice and the reader understands Tates reason for doing this.
Harper Lee displays Scout learning the principal of mockingbirds towards the end of the novel when she compares sending Boo to court as bring sort of like shootin a mockingbird. From this -the reader can tell that she has fully matured and has finally understood the importance of protecting those who are innocent. She also discovers how the law can be bent at times when necessary.
Harper Lee uses the theme of mockingbird to symbolise innocence and the importance of protecting those who are vulnerable and harmless. Maycomb County is a town in which most people are prejudice, however many characters begin to follow this principle as the novel progresses. This has been done to show that there is still hope for people to change in their town. There are many examples of mockingbirds in this story who are misunderstood and Harper Lee raises the awareness of how a tired old town so set in its ways can all be obliged to carry prejudice views on innocent people. The town overreact to unfamiliarity and are not willing to accept those who are different from them – Lee stresses how corrupt Maycombs way of living really is. | https://artscolumbia.org/literary-arts/prose/explore-how-harper-lee-present-the-theme-of-mockingbirds-in-to-kill-a-mockingbird-50396/ |
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Based in Bangalore, India, Maggie creates an environment sufficiently supported by infrastructure, technology, policies, and processes that bring about equity, physical well-being and social impact. Her extensive global background includes HR technology, Entrepreneurship, leading the work of AnitaB.org as well as leading EN’s DE&I Action Group for Teams.
What are you happiest doing when you're not working?
Climbing mountains.
How has your network impacted your career?
I owe my diverse career to my network. Moving from tech to sales to social wouldn’t have been possible otherwise. | https://www.executivenetworks.com/inclusion-diversity-equity-accessibility-250/ |
Ever since the world's first-ever recall of a fish product, people, especially fish exporters in Sri Lanka and seafood processing companies, have been wondering how it can be avoided. The answer is surprisingly simple: seafood exporters should follow the guidelines set by governments and international organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO). Fish export companies in Sri Lanka and fresh tuna suppliers, need to maintain food safety standards, which means they must monitor their products for contamination and adhere to best practices when preparing them.
Educate the employees on how to properly handle products, including cooking and storage.
The best way to ensure that your products are processed under high-quality standards is by providing training for employees on processing methods such as proper handling of raw materials, preparation, and storage practices in order to keep the product safe from being contaminated.
It is important for companies selling seafood products to provide their employees with appropriate education so they can process them at a high standard, which means teaching them how to safely handle food material while also maintaining effective cleaning and storing processes in order to prevent any possible contaminants from getting into the final finished goods.
In addition, employees should also be given the right equipment and gear, such as gloves, masks, etc., so that they can work efficiently while ensuring that the seafood does not get contaminated.
One of the most important steps is having a documented food safety plan that outlines how the business will handle and prepare its seafood products. This should include details on how employees will be trained in safe food handling practices as well as what kind of cleaning and sanitizing procedures will be used.
Another key step is making sure that all equipment and facilities are properly cleaned and maintained. This includes regular disinfecting of surfaces, utensils, and tools used in the preparation process.
Businesses should also have a system for tracking inventory so they can quickly identify any products that might be at risk for contamination. If you suspect a problem with your product, stop using it immediately and contact the relevant authorities to report the issue.
Keeping proper records of all shipments is essential for any seafood export business. In the event of a product recall, it will be much easier to track down and recall products if you have detailed records of where they were sent.
It's also important to have protocols in place for dealing with potential recalls. Employees should know who to contact and what steps need to be taken in order to contain the issue and protect consumers.
Product recalls can have serious consequences for seafood export businesses. Not only can they result in significant financial losses, but they can also damage a company's reputation and cause long-term damage to its bottom line. That's why it's so important for exporters to take all necessary precautions to avoid product recalls in the first place.
Make sure you are aware of any food safety regulations in the country where you will be shipping your product.
It is also important that the business is aware of any safety regulations in the country they are exporting their seafood to so that they can ensure their products comply with these regulations. Failing to do so could lead to product recalls, and this is something no business wants to experience.
It's important for seafood exporters to take all necessary precautions to avoid product recalls in the first place. One way to do this is by keeping detailed records of where they send their seafood products. This will help businesses quickly and easily track down any potentially problematic shipments.
The main thing seafood exporters need to remember is that they are ultimately responsible for ensuring their products are safe from contaminants before sending them out into the world. They should always strive to provide customers with top-quality seafood that won't pose health risks when consumed by end consumers. Get a list of all the potential hazards associated with your product and take steps to minimize them as much as possible.
Another important step is to identify and educate themselves on the potential hazards associated with the products they are handling in order to find ways to minimize the risk of them happening. If a business fails to do this, it could lead to an increase in product recalls and damage relationships with their customers due to poor customer service.
Follow HACCP guidelines when preparing, storing, and transporting your seafood products.
HACCP, which stands for Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points, is a system that ensures food safety based on identifying potential hazards early in the process. If HACCP guidelines are not followed during the preparation, storage, or transportation of your seafood products, it could lead to an increase in product recalls as well as damaged relationships with customers due to poor customer service.
All companies in the seafood export business should adhere to the guidelines issued by HACCP, as this will help to ensure the safety and quality of their seafood products. Failing to do so can lead to disastrous consequences, such as product recalls, damaged relationships with customers, and even lawsuits.
It is therefore important for seafood exporters to take all necessary precautions in order to avoid potential product recalls. By following HACCP guidelines, you can rest assured that your seafood products are safe for consumption and will not cause any harm to your customers. Seafood export businesses that adhere to these guidelines will be less likely to experience any negative consequences from product recalls.
By taking these precautions, seafood exporters can help ensure that their products remain safe and free from recalls. | https://amp.sooperarticles.com/how-to-avoid-product-recalls-when-it-comes-to-seafood-1826066 |
Goal of this part:
- Provide some intuition into how to manipulate the various conditions for being a group, to prove simple statements about groups
- Give an idea of the way the axioms control and make rigid the structure of a group
Contents
- 1 Group
- 2 More on manipulating expressions
Group
The main purpose of this part of the guided tour, with respect to the definition of group, is to give learners a clear understanding of how the different parts of the definition of group fit together and why each component is important.
For this purpose, some variations of the notion of group are introduced, including: maga (a set with a binary operation), semigroup (A set with an associative binary operation), monoid (a set with an associative binary operation having a two-sided identity element). Similarly, notions of neutral element/identity element, invertible and cancellative element are introduced.
Identity elements and the way they behave
The first fact page of the tour shows learners the statement that if a magma (set with binary operation) has a left neutral element and a right neutral element, they are both equal. While this is an extremely simple statement, the purpose of this page is to set the tone for learners, and make learners pause and think oabout the interplay between the binary operation and neutral elements. Learners are also encouraged to see for themselves how this implies that a binary operation can have at most one two-sided neutral element.
Some pedagogical comments:
- There is an extraordinary amount of parsing and reduction here. Rather than simply prove that the identity element of a group is unique, this gives a statement in a much greater generality. The purpose of this is to illustrate to learners that some statements can be viewed in substantially greater generality than we ordinarily perceive them. Of course, it is unlikely that learners will recognize this consciously.
- An entire page is devoted to a fact that would otherwise seem trivial. The idea is to impress upon learners that some facts are important, not because of their degree of difficulty, but because they control the language and framework of the subject. Again, it is unlikely that learners will recognize this consciously.
Inverses and the way they behave
Following closely on the heels of equality of left and right neutral elements is the statement of equality of left and right inverses with respect to a neutral element. Learners are encouraged to make careful note of the use of associativity, and are provided a justification for the manipulatino behind the proof. Learners are also encouraged to see how this implies that an element can have at most one two-sided inverse.
Some pedagogical comments:
- The similar pattern between this fact and the previous one, as well as the similar way in which both facts give rise to correspond facts about "two-sided" constructions, emphasizes the similarity and common pattern across mathematical results. It is unlikely that learners will recognize this consciosuly.
- The key difference between the facts, namely, the use of associativity in one case, also serves to highlight the importance of the axiomatic assumptions made in proving basic things. This might deepen learners' appreciation of associativity.
Definition equivalences for group and subgroup
The equivalence of definitions of group simply pieces together the newly learned facts with the definitions learned in part one. This serves as a double-revision as well as an exercise in piecing together ideas.
The equivalence of definitions of subgroup follows the establishment of the property that invertible elements can be cancelled -- another application of associativity. This equivalence of definitions further cements learners' understanding of the basic manipulations in groups.
Some pedagogical comments:
- It is likely that the similarity as well as difference between multiple definitions of group, as well as between multiple definitions of subgroup, will start to click by this stage in the learner's minds.
- Learners might also have a greater appreciation of the interplay between associativity, identity element and inverses by this stage.
- By this time, learners would also have caught on to the theme of this part of the tour.
More on manipulating expressions
After the equivalence of definitions for group and subgroup, the focus shifts to establishing other useful properties necessary to manipulate expressions in groups.
Associative binary operation and reversal law
The page on associative binary operation summarizes more facts about associativity, repeating the fact that associativity allows us to drop parentheses when writing out an expression. The next page, about the involutive nature of the inverse map and about the reversal law, again points out the intricate link between associativity and inverses and gives ideas about manipulating expressions.
Some pedagogical comments:
- By this stage in the tour, learners should get a sense of what can and cannot be proved using associativity, and how.
Finite groups, subsets closed under multiplication
The focus now shifts to techniques of manipulation for finite groups. This is begun by introducing definitions for finite group and order of a group, and then proceeding to prove that any nonempty multiplicatively closed subset of a finite group is a subgroup.
The proof of this result is a first of its kind in the tour. It involves a complex, more exploratory argument than the straightforward arguments shown so far. Specifically, it is the first time the idea of pick an element and take its powers is used.
Some pedagogical comments:
- This page is expected to jolt learners into thinking about how, given a certain situation in a group, one can start reasoning with it: pick elements, multiply them.
- Learners are also exposed to the idea of the pigeonhole principle: in a finite set there are bound to be repetitions and these repetitions can be combined with the structure of groups to prove important things.
- The proof also gives a checklist-style revision of what it means to be a subgroup, and hence reinforces the concept of subgroup in the learners' minds.
This is followed by a page of the sufficiency of subgroup criterion. This page has a somewhat more complicated statement, but the proof follows a very similar template. Learners should not experience problems grasping this, and it should reinforce some of the lessons of the previous page. It also highlights how inverses can be manipulated.
Manipulating equations in groups
This page summarizes techniques for manipulating equations in groups, and thus equips learners with the tools needed to start with equations and modify them in various ways.
Some pedagogical comments:
- Since learners have seen so many simple but painstaking examples of manipulation, as well as the rationale for these manipulations, they have the correct background to appreciate and register the content of the page. | https://groupprops.subwiki.org/wiki/Tour:Pedagogical_notes_two_(beginners) |
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Problem - Data - Methodology - Intelligence - Strategy - Action
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We systematically extract, store and analyze information in large data sets from a range of sources. Using a rigorous data process, we carry out predictive analytics, behavior analytics, and other data analytics that extract real value from existing data sources.
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Small data has the potential to substantially increase our understanding of phenomenon in society. Small data enables us to obtain meaningful insights that are accessible, understandable, and actionable, thereby allowing us to make timely decisions in everyday life.
Surveys
We apply a rigorous research methodology to collect data for statistical surveys. Using a variety of survey methods including face-to-face interviews, telephone surveys, mail surveys, and online surveys, we ensure that we collect accurate samples which we then use to draw conclusions on key issues.
Case Studies
We carry out up-close, in-depth, and detailed examinations of relevant cases that helps us understand current phenomena in society. Using stringent research methods, we conduct single and multiple cases based on multiple sources of evidence. Case studies help guide decisions when limited quantitative data is available or when a quantitative analysis can benefit from inference drawn from related cases.
AI, Machine Learning, Deep Learning & Natural Language Processing
Artificial intelligence (AI) is quickly becoming increasing important in the analysis of larger data sets. We use a wide range of analytical tools from machine learning (supervised as well as unsupervised learning), deep learning (including multilayer perceptron networks, convolutional neural networks, and long short-term memory recurrent neural networks), and natural language processing (including sentiment analysis and topic analysis). These tools help us shed light on important current phenomena within the fields of society, economics, and business.
Econometrics & Statistics
We have an extensive background in the application of statistical methods to economic data. We use a range of tools including cross-sectional, time-series, and panel-data analysis, to give empirical content to economic relationships, develop and test hypotheses, and forecast future trends from historical data.
Qualitative Methods
Just as with our quantitative analysis, we use a variety of qualitative methods to find answer to pressing questions that impact our clients. These include various forms that can be divided into ethnography, narrative, phenomenological, grounded theory, and case study methods. While the approach to data collection is typically relatively similar, the choice of method primarily depends on the purpose of the study. We, therefore, carefully tailor the qualitative method to the question at hand.
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Comparative research is useful for the identification of similarities and differences between social entities. We use a rigorous comparative analysis to compare and contrast nations, economies, institutions, and business entities. Using a comparative lens helps us understand the reasons behind developments and decisions in different contexts.
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Utilizing a variety of rigorous research methodologies on the data we find most suitable for the task at hand, our experienced analysts deliver actionable insights and focus on how our clients can improve based on the results at hand. Our reports are practical, to the point, and visually pleasing, making it easy to understand and draw conclusions from them.
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Based on the intelligence we produce we create solid strategies for our clients. The strategies we present focus on how clearly specified goals will be achieved by equally clearly specified means. Most importantly, our strategies are data- and method-driven – we take guesswork out of the equation.
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Data, research, intelligence, and strategy leads to steadfast action. We help our clients implement chosen strategies and optimize results through continuous updates based on incoming data and information. | https://vantageanalytica.com/consulting-old/ |
Ministry of Corporate Affairs has notified Section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013 and Schedule VII thereto along with the Companies (Corporate Social Responsibility Policy) Rules, 2014 (hereinafter “CSR Rules),effective April 01, 2014.
This Corporate Social Responsibility Policy (hereinafter “CSR Policy) of Asiatic Electrical & Switchgear Pvt. Ltd. has been prepared pursuant to Section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013 and the CSR Rules.
Main Objectives:
i) To directly or indirectly take up programs that benefit the communities in and around COMPANY’s workplace and results, over a period of time, in enhancing the quality of life and economic well-being of the local populace.
ii) There are numerous national campaigns that need support to have a greater impact e.g. Health Awareness and Medical Aid, Promoting Education, Poverty and hunger eradication, Vocational Training & Aid to deprived class.
iii) Ensure commitment at all levels in the organization, to operate its business in an economically, socially and environmentally sustainable manner, while recognizing the interest of all its stakeholders.
iv) Create Awareness about the company and build its public profile.
Budget:
A specific budget is allocated for CSR activities and spending on CSR activities shall not be less than 2% of the average net profits of the Company made during the three immediately preceding financial years, in pursuance of this policy.
CSR Activities
COMPANY aim to carry CSR activities as per the Schedule VII read with Section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013 including any modification by MCA. | http://asiatic-india.com/csr/ |
What happens when a logical error occurs?
Logical errors are the most difficult to fix. They occur when the program runs without crashing, but produces an incorrect result. The error is caused by a mistake in the program's logic. You won't get an error message, because no syntax or runtime error has occurred.
A.
What do you mean by logical error?
In computer programming, a logic error is a bug in a program that causes it to operate incorrectly, but not to terminate abnormally (or crash). A logic error produces unintended or undesired output or other behaviour, although it may not immediately be recognized as such.
What are the different types of errors?There are three types of error: syntax errors, logical errors and run-time errors. (Logical errors are also called semantic errors). We discussed syntax errors in our note on data type errors.
What is the definition of desk checking?Desk checking is an informal manual test that programmers can use to verify coding and algorithm logic before a program launch. This enables them to spot errors that might prevent a program from working as it should.
What is the semantic error?Definition of: semantic error. semantic error. Writing invalid program logic that produces incorrect results when the instructions are executed. The syntax of the source code may be valid, but the algorithm being employed is not.
B.
What is difference between syntax error and logical error?
There are generally two types of errors: syntax errors and logic errors. Syntax errors occur when a program does not conform to the grammar of a programming language, and the compiler cannot compile the source file. Logic errors occur when a program does not do what the programmer expects it to do.
How does a programmer finds coding errors?A parse-time error occurs when the syntax of the program is incorrect. (This is also called a compile-time error for languages such as C/C++ and Java.) A parse-time error is the easiest error to correct because the parser (or compiler) tells you exactly what is wrong and on what line the problem occurs.
Why should a programmers insert comments in their code?In computer programming, a comment is a programmer-readable explanation or annotation in the source code of a computer program. They are added with the purpose of making the source code easier for humans to understand, and are generally ignored by compilers and interpreters.
What is debugging in computer programming?Debugging is the routine process of locating and removing computer program bugs, errors or abnormalities, which is methodically handled by software programmers via debugging tools. Debugging checks, detects and corrects errors or bugs to allow proper program operation according to set specifications. | https://answersdrive.com/what-happens-when-a-logical-error-occurs-5718272 |
What Are Software Bugs?
What Are Software Bugs?
A software bug is an error, flaw, or fault in an application. This error causes the application to produce an unintended or unexpected result, such as crashing or producing invalid results.
As software developers, we deal with software bugs all the time. We know one when we see one, right? But what is a software bug, exactly? What can we learn from looking at all the different pieces of information that make up a software bug – its anatomy, if you will?
Since we spend so much time preventing, identifying, and correcting bugs, there's a great deal of value in examining, defining and naming the various parts of a bug. This process helps developers use more precise language and reasoning in our approach to debugging. This, in turn, may help us reduce the amount of effort that goes into debugging. Lastly, it may help software companies like ours decide how to plan our processes and procedures, making us more effective at creating bug-free software.
What Causes Software Bugs?
Software bugs can be caused by many factors, including unclear requirements, programming errors, software complexity, lack of communication, timeline deviation, errors in bug tracking, documentation errors, deviation from standards, and much more.
How to Identify a Software Bug
Sighting
The sighting is the event that lets you know that the bug exists. It could be a test failure, a customer report of a problem, a crash, or a hang. The information that is captured when the bug is first sighted is almost never enough to help us identify the cause or behavior of the defect itself.
Symptom
The symptom is the specific way the program isn't behaving as expected. I think of it as "the program should do X and instead it does Y." It is more specific than the sighting because often when a program first fails, the person who makes the sighting isn't paying attention to it at a level to give a clear symptom. It may take trying it two or three times before the symptom becomes clear.
Reproducer
This is the set of steps necessary for an arbitrary user to reproduce the symptom with at least some probability. It can include manual inputs and settings, data files or database contents, or configuration details.
Description
The description is the full write up of the bug. It should include the symptom as well as some kind of articulation of the context in which the symptom can be seen. If a full reproducer is available, then including that is ideal. Usually, the more precise the information the better. In practice, however, most bug descriptions are less than perfect. The description often starts with minimal information and gets more precise as more is learned.
Failure
This is usually related to the part of the program that is responsible for doing what the program does when the symptom occurs. A program may, for example, crash because it dereferences an invalid memory address. Often it isn't too hard to find the failure part of a bug – but then you have to start looking for the cause. (Where did the invalid address come from?)
Cause-Effect Chain
There may be one or more steps of cause and effect that separate the initial defect in the code from the final failure that lead to the symptom.
Defect
This is the actual mistake in the program itself. It is the cause at the beginning of the effect chain. Sometimes it is a single line, word, or even character. Generally, this can only be determined by analyzing the behavior of the program to find each link in the cause-effect chain.
How to Resolve Software Bugs
Once we identify the defect, how do we resolve the bug? And how do we prevent more in the future?
Many times defects will exist in the code that do not cause any noticeable effects to the user. The defect may be on a bit of code that is only executed in unusual circumstances (or not executed at all – dead code). An example might be a confluence of multiple input values or settings. The trigger is the set of all the conditions that are necessary for the defect and the effect chain to cause the symptom.
Workaround
Sometimes during the bug analysis process, one or more techniques will be discovered that can prevent the symptom from occurring, but they don’t actually address the defect. The classic example of this is to restart or reset a program before the resource leak reaches the point of termination. Another example is forcing users to follow a certain constrained series of steps to avoid setting up the trigger conditions. Workarounds may be very helpful in the short term but should never be confused with resolutions.
Resolution
Once the defect is identified, one or more resolutions may be proposed. This could be a one-line change, or it could involve a refactoring of the entire program.
Verification
These are the steps that can be used to verify that the bug has been resolved. These can also be used to inform the creation of a regression test, which will quickly detect this defect or a similar defect if it is re-introduced at some later date.
Root Cause
This involves examining the circumstances that occurred or systems that were in place when the defect was introduced. What was it about the design, communication, documentation, or software development process that allowed the defect to be introduced in the first place?
Tools for Finding Software Bugs
As developers, we frequently talk about bugs because, let's face it, writing software is hard. We don’t always get it 100% right the first time. But when we talk about software bugs, we often do so in a way that minimizes or directs attention away from the hard and important work of discovering, properly specifying, analyzing, resolving, and testing bugs.
If we can agree that the components and artifacts that I have outlined above are all important and relevant to most bugs, then we can start asking ourselves how we can work better as software organizations to tackle bugs. For example, I’ve highlighted the difference between a sighting, a symptom, a reproducer, and a description. Often these get conflated.
When we fail to recognize that each of these bug parts is important, we get situations where we miss bugs. If we insist on a reproducer before we even start talking about a bug, we may miss sightings that are “sporadic” or that occur to a user who is unlikely or ill-equipped to create a careful write up of a reproducer. That means we may have bug sightings, but fail to record or resolve those bugs.
By recognizing the distinctions between the different parts of a bug, we can start to ask ourselves, “What can we do to make sure that we capture all the sightings?” This might mean creating descriptions that don’t quite rise to the standard of reproducers and then putting a process in place to monitor these. We can then create more detailed descriptions, including full reproducers as they are developed. Eventually, some or all of these bugs will be resolved.
Similarly, it's important to distinguish between the failure and the defect. We must recognize the value of workarounds, but also understand the difference between a workaround and a resolution. As software programmers and engineers, we have a responsibility to identify and resolve bugs in the software we create. This is a non-trivial task and one that is worth approaching methodically:
- What do you think about this taxonomy?
- Do the bugs you deal with resemble what I am describing?
- Do these features help you see any way your tech support, quality assurance, and software development processes could be improved?
One option may be to start using a debugging tool, like TotalView for HPC. Designed for high-performance computing (HPC) environments, TotalView provides powerful functionality to make debugging as easy as possible. You can correct bugs, memory issues, and crashes in your high-scale, parallel and multicore C, C++, and Fortran applications. With TotalView, you get unparalleled visibility into running programs, unmatched control over thread states, and a unique conceptual view to aid analysis. | https://totalview.io/blog/what-software-bugs |
Preface I: Why are we having this conversation? Despite this being a very difficult and sensitive conversation to have, I think it’s necessary. My blog is, by its nature, a part of the fashion industry—a.k.a. one of the largest players in producing inappropriate cultural appropriation—therefore, it must be identified and called out. Silence is complacence. Moreover, this topic has been requested by many of my readers for a long time, so it’s obviously a conversation that’s needed in spaces like these.
Preface II: Defining and drawing lines is not something that I can do—both because I am not a spokesperson for any cultural, ethnic, or religious group (especially ones that I am not a part of, obviously) and also because I simply don’t have all the answers. Or even some of them. I think cultural appropriation and cultural appreciation are very difficult concepts to grapple with, and this should be an ongoing conversation.
Alright. Let’s do this.
What is Cultural Appropriation?
Cultural appropriation is, in its simplest form, the act of an individual from a particular (usually privileged or dominant) culture adopting cultural and/or religious elements of a marginalized culture, insensibly.
This is most clearly articulated when a dominant or oppressive group takes from a culture that it is oppressing (for example, when white people in the USA wear a whitewashed version of traditional Native American headdresses as sexy costumes), but more complicated and difficult to identify when one marginalized group takes from another marginalized group (for example, Beyoncé appropriating Indian culture in Coldplay’s recent music video for their song “Hymn For The Weekend”).
Both are definitely forms of cultural appropriation, but for different reasons, and in different ways. According to Apihtawikosisan, a Native American blogger, many men in the Native and indigenous tribes of North America wore headdresses if they achieved a particular honor; non-Native people wearing one is an act of cultural appropriation because it totally ignores this significance. Another layer of cultural appropriation is added to this when white Americans wear Native or Indigenous cultural objects: the United States was built on the genocide of Native and Indigenous Americans, so the act of white Americans—whose ancestors are responsible for the annihilation of Native and Indigenous American peoples and cultures and now enjoy the benefits of the society they created—wearing Native and Indigenous American cultural objects is wrong and culturally appropriative.
A major key here is that cultural appropriation plays on historic themes of oppression and domination and does not respect the significance or value of the cultural/religious object in question.
Ready for another example? Remember that time Rihanna went to Dubai and posed in front of a mosque? Super rad and cool, right?
Mmm, how about not.
We’re going to file this one in the Cultural Appropriation folder right next to the file on Dolce & Gabbana’s latest “collection for Muslims.” Why? Both of these do not constitute appreciation—they clearly don’t even know enough about Islam to be able to appreciate it. Rihanna hypersexualized a garment made for modesty and disregarded the religiosity of a particular space. Dolce & Gabbana threw around expensive, glamorous fabrics to act as headcoverings made to reject excess superficiality. Both sound a bit appropriative, culturally and religiously, if you ask me, a hijab-wearing Muslim woman. (But again, I don’t speak for all Muslims because we’re not a monolithic, homogeneous entity! Ahem, Western media, USA Republican candidates and Hillary Clinton, et al.
Not to mention that another way to identify cultural appropriation is when a cultural/religious object suddenly becomes “cool” when someone from another culture adopts it.
Many of the same people who were commenting “Oh my god! So cute!” under Rihanna’s photos covering her hair and skin might also be calling Muslims terrorists and asking Muslim women if they are oppressed. (P.S. We’re not).
Miley Cyrus or Katy Perry wearing cornrows is another example of cultural appropriation: something that is supposedly “cute” or “edgy” when white people do it, but looked down upon when Black people introduced it and continue to pull it off beautifully.
This is not to say that you shouldn’t be wearing anything that belongs to a culture that is not yours—people around the world are beautiful and are wearing and practicing wonderful things that everyone can partake in, but it is so important to be doing so with an acute understanding of the relationship between your culture and the one you are trying not to appropriate, the significance of the cultural/religious object or practice, and constantly challenging yourself and questioning your intentions, purposes, and goals.
Cultural Appropriation:
• The act of a dominant or privileged group adopting cultural elements of another (most likely marginalized or oppressed) culture in an insensible manner.
• Plays on historic themes of oppression, domination, and privilege.
• Ignores the value, significance, or meaning of the object/practice.
• Does not give credit to the original culture/religion/ethnicity/etc.
• Looked down upon/mocked when practiced/worn by the original marginalized culture but becomes “cool,” “trendy,” or “edgy” when done by the oppressors/appropriators.
Cultural Appreciation:
• Understanding the significance of a particular practice/object/tradition and not undermining or destroying its significance or value.
• Understanding histories of oppression and marginalization surrounding the particular object/practice/tradition and gauging the appropriateness of your actions in relation to this.
• Being invited by an individual of that particular culture to participate in and wear their culture’s traditions/clothing for a specific event or occasion (weddings, religious rituals, etc.).
• But word of caution here: getting a “go” pass from one of your friends doesn’t mean that other people from their culture won’t be offended. Just like you can’t use your token Black friend as an excuse to be racist, you can’t use the invitation of one Muslim to wear a headscarf for a day as an excuse to expect that the rest of us are all going to be jumping up and down and applaud you for your bravery.
• Ask yourself: Why am I doing this? What are my goals in doing this? Can I achieve my goal without doing this? Why is this necessary? Is this even necessary?
This column was originally published on JooJoo Azad, an activist fashion blog run by Hoda Katebi on March 30, 2016.
Hoda is a Muslim-Iranian writer, photographer, and activist based in Chicago. She is a guest columnist this month, in place of AK Agunbiade.
Joojoo Azad, Farsi for “Free Bird,” is an anti-capitalist, intersectional-feminist, inclusive, body-positive, fashion blog. | https://southsideweekly.com/a-guide-to-cultural-appropriation-vs-appreciation/ |
This is the ninth article in a series on collaboration and conflict resolution. Read the introduction to the entire series here.
Agenda: Have a clear agenda with times for each item. Sequence the agenda items in a reasonable way to give each enough time and address them in the necessary order. It is helpful to identify the desired outcome, time allotted, and responsible person for each agenda item.
Decorum/Behavioral Guidelines: Robert’s Rules of Order refers to decorum. Have a clear set of ‘guidelines’ or ‘ground rules’ that your association has adopted. Make sure they are posted on a piece of flip chart paper or white board where everyone can see them and review them briefly at the beginning of the meeting. These guidelines help create a psychologically safe space that encourages the full creative contributions of everyone. Follow them and address behavior that does not comply immediately.
Share the Air Time: The guidelines should address this clearly. If someone is dominating discussion or in some other way preventing others from participating, the person chairing the meeting needs to stop the discussion and respectfully point out the need to follow the guidelines. It may be necessary to use a time device to allocate the same amount of time to each speaker with an understanding that a person may not speak again until all others who have not yet spoken receive an opportunity to do so.
Evaluate the Meeting: Leave 5 minutes at the end to receive feedback from participants and use this feedback to improve your association’s meeting practices. The most efficient way to do this is to take comments and write them on an easel pad in three columns. See the sample below.
Should we send out a second reminder to see if we can get better attendance?
Who is going to organize and chair the next meeting?
If you are interested in more resources to design and run effective meetings, an excellent resource is Facilitator’s Guide to Participatory Decision-Making Second edition by Sam Kaner et al. Jossey-Bass 2007. The Office of Neighborhood Coordination has a copy of this book available to borrow. | http://www.cabq.gov/office-of-neighborhood-coordination/news/planning-for-a-successful-meeting-1 |
One of the most popular games in the world, chess is notoriously hard to master. Nevertheless, learning the basics of this game isn’t that difficult. Here are the key rules you’ll need to get to grips with if you dream of being a grandmaster someday.
The basics of the game
On the chessboard, each player starts with an identical setup: 16 pieces, laid out in two rows. One player is black, the other white. There are 6 different kinds of pieces on a chessboard, and each of them moves differently. Every piece has the same power, though: it can “take”, or capture, a rival piece, by moving into its square. This eliminates the other piece from the game.
During the course of the game, the players have the same objective: they must try to take the other player’s King.
Pawns
The most common piece is the Pawn. You will have eight of these, filling the front row of their setup. Pawns are the weakest piece on the board. They can only move forwards by one square(except for their very first move, when they can move forward two squares). They can only take other pieces by moving forwards diagonally one square. They can never move backwards or sideways.
One unique feature of a pawn is that, if it reaches the other side of the board, it can be promoted and change into any other type of piece. This is not very common, though.
Knights, Bishops and Castles
There are two Knights, which look like horses, in each player’s lineup. These are unique because they are the only piece which can jump over other pieces. They move in an L shape by going two squares in one direction, then one more in another.
There are also two Bishops. They can move as many squares as you want each turn – but only diagonally.
The Rook, also known as the Castle, cannot move diagonally. Instead, it goes forwards, backwards, or sideways. These pieces are often used for protecting the King.
Kings and Queens
The King and Queen are the most important pieces in the game, and each player has one of each. The Queen is the strongest attacker on a chessboard. She can move as many squares as you like, in any direction. The King, on the other hand, can only move one single square at a time, again in any direcion. The King is a very weak piece offensively, but must be defended, as a player will lose if he is captured.
Strategy and playing
There are some other, more complex rules that you’ll get to know as you practise chess. For the moment, though, let’s focus on the basics.
The white player always goes first. Each player takes in turns to move one piece at a time. A key thing to look out for is “check”. Check means that your King is in danger of being captured, and your next move must prevent that from happening. If it’s impossible to prevent your King from being captured, the situation is called “checkmate”, and you lose. Chess games can also end in a draw, if you reach a stalemate where neither player can take the other King.
Chess can seem mind-boggling at first, but with a bit of practice, you’ll find that this game is seriously addictive. Computer chess is a good way to get to grips with the rules of the game. Good luck! | https://www.indiasports.com/popular-sports/how-to-play-chess/ |
Parent Link Centre Early Childhood Programs provide a safe haven for children birth to five years of age to develop socially and for their parents and caregivers to enhance their parenting skills.
helps children communicate emotions, and practice creative problem-solving.
The PLC staffs recognize that parenting can be a very isolating experience and the PLC programs allow the parents to meet and visit with other caregivers while interacting with their children. Parents learn about age-appropriate activities that can be done with their children and the importance of play in early brain development.
PLC Early Childhood programs are held at the Cardston Provincial Building and provide a safe place for children to develop social connections.
A by-product to the program is the opportunity for parents to meet other parents of preschool children and build friendships.
Young Children learn best through play; by acting out the world around them. They are able to experiment in safe, planned environment with open-ended activities, on their own or with their peers, learning new skills and increasing their knowledge and development in all areas, helping to create strong, ambitious, and independent individuals.
We set up planned play areas, each with different topics, based on the children’s interests, to allow open-ended play experiences for them to increase in their social, physical, intellectual, creative, and emotional development. The program is an opportunity for children to do and learn things they may not learn at home; to make true, simple choices to foster independence and self-esteem; to interact and socialize with other young children and learn to play cooperatively, and to do so in a safe environment.
We also encourage parents to take part in play with their child(ren). The program generally runs twice per month.
The Books for Babies program is a community-based volunteer project that promotes reading as a family activity and encourage parents of infants between birth and 12 months to share books with their babies.
A bag with two carefully selected age-appropriate books and resource materials introduces parents of newborns to the importance of early reading to their children.
Early shared book reading helps children become stronger and better able to cope with new situations in constructive ways. It helps them develop independence and become more resistant to crisis.
It is important in a child’s brain and behavioural development. Books for Babies program supports families in developing early literacy and language experiences and promotes healthy family relationships.
The Youth After School Programs at the Parent Link Centre helps socially isolated youth ages 6-12 engage positively with other youth that are experiencing the same self-doubts and often low self-esteem.
A variety of activities are offered so that the youth can select the one that helps them succeed and makes them feel most comfortable.
All youth are welcome but the majority of the youth that come to this Friday program are dealing with personal struggles and will not participate in main stream activities. They are not comfortable in large groups and often do not interact well with other youth. Under the watchful-eye of trained facilitators the youth participate in activities and gradually begin to feel integrated and at ease. The PLC is a safe-haven for youth that have been bullied, ostracized, ignored, or forgotten at school or in other social settings.
Many of the youth that attend the after-school programs are unable to participate in community and school activities whether because of cost or inability to make the team. | http://cardstondistrictfcss.squarespace.com/fcss-programs/ |
Job Description:
This role will focus on building out a financial reporting platform leveraging the latest EP products and technologies. We are looking for smart technologists who want to join a global team motivated to provide a useful and scalable solution for our clients. If successful, we believe our product has commercial value even outside of GS.
Job Responsibilities:
- Develop technical specifications, high level/detailed design, testing strategies, and implementation plans from business requirements
- Manage end-to-end systems development cycle from requirements analysis, coding, testing, UAT and maintenance
- Build strong relationships with business partners
- Work in a dynamic, fast-paced environment that provides exposure to all areas of Finance
- Understand business needs, facilitating and developing process workflow, data requirements, and specifications required to support implementation
Job Requirements:
- In-depth knowledge of relational and columnar SQL databases, including database design
- Strong problem solving and analytical skills
- Expertise in Java development & Relational Databases, Linux, Perl
- Excellent communication skills including experience speaking to technical and business audiences and working globally
- Strong programming experience in at least one compiled language (e.g. C, C++, Java)
- Can apply an entrepreneurial approach and passion to problem solving and product development
- Comfortable multi-tasking, managing multiple stakeholders and working as part of a team
Qualification & Experience:
- Experience in software development, including a clear understanding of data structures, algorithms, software design and core programming concepts
- Bachelor’s degree in Computer Science, Mathematics, Electrical Engineering or related technical discipline
Job Details: | https://recruitarabia.com/job/goldman-sachs-jobs-imd-finance-engineering/ |
The month of June in the United States marks a celebration of the global LGBTQIA+ community and Pride. At Volta, we celebrate our team and an environment that’s inclusive for everyone 24/7/365. Here’s how these members of the Volta team describe their experience at Volta from the lens of LGBTQIA+ and what Pride means to them.
QUESTION
What do you do at Volta?
ANSWER
ASHLEY: I’m an Enterprise Account Deployment Manager for Volta Operations. That makes me a liaison for all interaction between our clients and partners, and our team of engineers, and construction crew who design, permit, build, and commission projects for our regional and national footprint. My job is to simplify, customize, fast-track and manage a high volume of projects simultaneously.
JAX: I help maintain Volta’s network of charging stations by routing feedback, reports, and questions from thousands of EV drivers across our entire network.
Every report from our network goes to me or my coworker. After being in this role a little more than a year, I’ve received over 31,000 emails, could name probably a thousand stations, and have become very good at geography. Do you know where the town of Sequim is? I do.
QUESTION
What does, “Bring your whole self to work” mean to you?
ANSWER
ASHLEY: There’s a phrase that’s always stuck with me: “Be where your feet are.” When I think of bringing your whole self to work, I believe it means to be engaged, be present, and be passionate.
In the words of Alicia Menedez, “You cannot control how others feel about you. You cannot control if people like you. You can simply be the best version of yourself.”
I can be the best version of myself and bring my whole self to work at Volta because Volta’s mission really resonates with me.
JAX: Authenticity is important to me in the workplace.
I love dressing up to go into the office, being masculine or femme, or mixing it up. I also have a sticker that says “The Gay Agenda” on my laptop, plus a Queer Wave Coffee (shout out!) sticker, and trade LGBTQ comics and books with coworkers.
On a more critical level, “bringing my whole self” means more than bringing my hobbies to work. It also means being comfortable with confronting flaws in an organization, biases (mine and other people’s), and our intersectional privileges.
I have the privilege of being able to be out, proud, and loud at work without fear of retaliation. So I have always felt it was important to make the workplace a space where everyone can feel that way. I am not whole until everyone can “bring their whole selves,” even if their shackles are very different from my own (shout out to Audre Lorde!)
QUESTION
How does Volta foster a safe and inclusive environment?
ANSWER
ASHLEY: Volta is the first workplace I felt comfortable coming out. I say that with the caveat that I didn’t hide my sexual identity in previous work environments. Volta is different because it created a welcoming space to openly share my identity.
Within the first few months of working at Volta, I received a survey asking if I identified with the LGBTQ+ community and if I was interested in being involved in related events, Slack channels, and most importantly, being out to my peers.
This was nice and eye-opening. It was the first time an employer showed an interest in who I was outside of work, what they could do to provide support, and help me feel accepted in the workplace. Volta provided a safe space for me to be truer to my authentic self.
JAX: I’ve rarely had a problem with being out at work. I’ve mostly worked in service and operations on the west coast where formalities are a little more relaxed. And I don’t think I’d stay anywhere very long if that was a problem.
However, I recognize that it’s generally easier and safer for me to be out in a professional environment than gay men or trans and queer people who hold other marginalized identities. On my team at Volta, I’m valued for what I contribute. I take action. And I’m truthful. I also feel safe expressing alternative or nuanced opinions here.
QUESTION
Why is Pride important to you?
ANSWER
ASHLEY: To me, Pride is a symbol of celebration and perseverance. I think of Pride as a thread that weaves us together.
Regardless of our preferences, The LGBTQ+ community and our allies share a common love, common mission and/or common feeling. We celebrate change and persevere in the continuous pursuit of equality for all. What’s most important is that we stand with, and for, one another.
JAX: I recently traveled to Stonewall, NYC for the first time. In many parts of the US, it’s still a symbol of resistance. Pride reminds me every year that our work is never done. But it also reminds me of the power of finding joy in spite of marginalization. It’s a magical thing. Indescribable. To be out and proud means that others can see me and know that I’ve got their back. Being joyously gay disrupts the fearful narrative that you’re giving up something (security, love, family, jobs) by being gay. By being proud of ourselves and each other, we have so much to gain.
QUESTION
How do Volta’s values help the LGBTQ+ Community thrive?
ANSWER
ASHLEY: Two Volta values stand out for me.
“We like a little bit of edginess.”
Volta is an environment where diversity is embraced. Differences of opinions are welcome and requested.
“We will always be smaller than our ambition.”
The Queer community is resilient in the face of adversities and inequalities. It always has been. And always will be.
JAX: “Bring your edginess.”
That has always been my favorite Volta value. I think we’re good at coming up with solutions that value everyone and bring our voices to work. We like a little constructive conflict. When we hold onto our values, elevate all marginalized voices, address hard questions, and stay ethically ambitious, queer people will thrive at Volta and around the world. | https://voltacharging.com/careers-blog/say-it-loud-say-it-proud |
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Tuesday, January 19, 2016
8 Tips for Keeping a Clear Mind
Do you feel like you have so much to do and not enough time to get everything done? When your life gets crazy, you can't let the busyness take over your mind. You need to put yourself first to maintain your mental health.Here are eight tips for keeping a clear mind:1. Get organized. Your life can be much easier if you maintain a good level of organization. You'll save time and gain a feeling of control over your circumstances. The time you save allows you the opportunity to take care of yourself with relaxation exercises or the pursuit of hobbies that you enjoy.
Each day, create a to-do list. Rank your items from the most important to the least important. As you go through your day, attack the most important items on the list first. At the end of the day, you walk away with the peace of mind that comes from knowing that you used your time in the most effective way possible.
2. Take time for yourself. Carve out time for yourself every day, no matter how busy you are. Give yourself permission to relax and enjoy these moments, even though you know that things remain undone. You must allow your body, mind, and spirit to recharge itself so you're productive when you return to your tasks.
3. Find something you find relaxing. Everyone has their own activities that help them relax. Perhaps you feel pampered by a long, warm bubble bath. Or curl up on the couch and read a book. Find something that you enjoy, take deep breaths and relax.4. Count to ten. If you find the stresses of life getting to you, catch yourself before lashing out or losing your cool. Instead, take a step back and count to ten slowly. This will allow you time to clear your mind and decide on the most effective and appropriate response.
5. Meditate. Meditation is a great way to calm your mind and regain focus when life seems out of control. With meditation, you learn to focus on deep breathing while you discover more about yourself.When you learn to focus on your breath, you'll likely discover that your breathing is shallow during stressful situations. Learn to breathe deeply from your belly to feel a greater sense of peace in the midst of the storms of your life.
6. Exercise. Exercise is a perfect way to relieve stress and regain a clear perspective. A moderate amount of exercise each day is all you need for improved fitness. Find a type of exercise that you enjoy, and stick with it until it becomes a habit. Soon, you'll hate missing a workout and have more energy throughout your stressful days.7. Go for a nature walk. Find the time to get out and enjoy the outdoors. Get your mind off of the many tasks you need to complete. Instead of thinking about the endless list of things you have to accomplish, become aware of what's really important by really paying attention to the sights and sounds of your natural surroundings.8. Take it one step at a time. Life often requires you to juggle many different situations at once. It's overwhelming if you try to think of each one of those things at the same time.
Focus on one task at a time and work at the task until it's complete. Then move on to the next task. If you keep putting one foot in front of the other, everything on your to-do list will eventually get accomplished.Remember that you're not alone. If you need to talk to someone else about your busy life, reach out to positive people in your life who truly care about you. Sometimes, just talking may help you to clear your mind of everything.
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When you first start dating, it can be normal to start thinking far too deep into the relationship especially if your first impressions of a person are positive. One of those concerns on your mind could be your date’s parents, or perhaps even your own parents.
You might ask yourself questions like “will my parents like them?” or “I wonder what their parents are like?” and it’s usually a good sign that you’re starting to think ahead, especially if you’re both getting along. However, these thoughts can quickly turn negative especially if your first few encounters with their parents don’t go well, or if your own parents are worried about your relationship with your new partner.
But how important is it really to get along with your partner’s family, and in what ways does it affect your relationship? Let’s take a look and explore this subject.
Friction can cause unnecessary stress for your partner
If you and your partner’s parents don’t get along then it can easily cause stressful situations. For instance, your partner might be torn on going out for lunch with their parents or making time to visit you. They probably love and respect their parents and wouldn’t want to miss out on the occasion, but they also would love to see you as well. Forcing them to make decisions like this is never fun for them and it can just cause extra stress.
The ideal situation would be to get along well enough that your partner doesn’t need to pick between you and their parents. You don’t need to be the best of friends, but ensuring that there is no friction will guarantee that your partner won’t feel stressed whenever you’re in the same room with their parents.
If your relationship is serious, then you need to speak with their parents
If you do plan to take your relationship to the next level then meeting the parents is very important. You don’t need to get along completely but it’s never a bad idea to at least settle your differences so that there’s no animosity.
Of course, if you’re lucky and you do get along then there are no issues to be concerned about. By finding common interests that you share and avoiding potentially dangerous topics like politics, you can start to learn more about their parents and find things that you can agree on so that you’ll form a better relationship.
The secret is to show respect even if you don’t get along
Even if you and your partner’s parents don’t see eye to eye, the important thing to remember is respect. Relationships aren’t simple and you can’t please everyone, but as long as you respect your partner’s parents and understand them, you can reach a mutual understanding and eventually create a bond that might not be friendly all the time, but at the end of the day, both of you just want what’s best for your partner.
After all, your loyalty is to your partner and not their parents, so your number one priority should always be your partner. They just want you to get along with their parents so if that means occasionally gritting your teeth and attending a dinner, the least you could do is show respect and try to get along.
Looking for more Dating tips?
Here is How to write your profile to Attract the right person.
Are you looking for the right partner?
Find other like minded singles at Old Style Dating. Join Today! | https://traditionaldatingclub.co.uk/how-important-is-it-to-get-on-with-your-partners-family/ |
We first blogged about the obscure Financial Institutions Reform Recovery Enforcement Act (“FIRREA”) on May 14. As we explained, this statute provides a generous ten-year statute of limitations and a low burden of proof. Just as we predicted, the FIRREA story is beginning to heat up.
The most recent FIRREA litigation involves claims brought under this statute against ratings agency giant Standard & Poor’s. The DOJ sued S&P for $5 billion, accusing it of knowingly issuing ratings that didn’t accurately reflect mortgage-backed securities’ credit risk. S&P’s practices of issuing credit ratings to banks that paid for those services led to an inherent conflict of interest. To reassure banks and investors that its ratings were accurate, S&P issued a “Code of Conduct,” containing promises that it had established policies and procedures to address these conflicts of interest. The DOJ alleged that the “Code of Conduct” statements were false and material to investors. | https://blogs.orrick.com/securities-litigation/tag/doj/page/2/ |
If I select the "Use ERP Validation" checkbox in my integrated document type for Master Agreements, what is the list of validations that will be enforced? I would like to know this so that I know what additional custom validations I should add that are not included with the standard selected. The SAP Integration Guide does not give this level of detail. Thanks.
Hi,
Here are some hints:
@Header:
Some of the validations done here are related to filelds in the integration tab like transaction type, purchasing org, purchasing group, . The fields mandatory check & replicated flag check on this objects are checked..
in addition at the Contract document level other integrated objects like vendor, payment terms are also checked for replication flags.. The purchase org selected in integration tab should match one of vendor's purchase org.
@Item:
There is an array of validations again.. here the focus is the master data used in line items are checked for consistency:
1. If Plant is replicated, check that it is assigned to a company code. 2. All item plants must belong to the same Company Code and this must match the Company Code on the header. If Plant is not set, it is treated as valid. 3. If both Plant and P-org are ECC replicated, check that there exists a relationship.
Guess best way to go forward is to do some tests for your particular scenario and see if it is covered in standard. if not you can implement a custom validation in the prepublish script
Thanks, baski
Help to improve this answer by adding a comment
If you have a different answer for this question, then please use the Your Answer form at the bottom of the page instead. | https://answers.sap.com/questions/8735481/publishing-ma-to-erp-what-validations-are-included.html |
All from Asia. Christianity, Islam, and Judaism came from the middle east and Buddhism came from Nepal.
Of the five religions that are considered major in the world today (Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism), all of them originated in Asia.
Islam originates from Saudi Arabia
in makkah
asia
Asia
MOHAMMAD BIN OASIM brought Islam in central ASIA
"Turkish speaking Muslims from Central Asia" or, as the original answer states: "Muslim merchants how did Asia get Islam"
Islam
Lilacs originate from southeastern Europe and eastern Asia. | https://www.answers.com/Q/Where_did_Islam_originate_in_Asia |
Closing date: 12th May 2022 at 9.30 a.m.
Interviews: Friday 20th May 2022
Part-time contract 3 days a week initially for one year – Home and Bristol based.
Asian Arts Agency is seeking to appoint a dynamic Marketing Manager to work in a diverse and vibrant music arts organisation based in Bristol.
We are looking for an experienced marketing professional with energy and flair to ensure our profile, brand and events continue to attract audiences and to play a vital role in breaking down barriers to South Asian music and promoting creative diversity.
The post-holder will be a committed lover of music/the arts with empathy for South Asian music; with a flair for communicating to diverse audiences; and an understanding of the strategic role that marketing and audience development plays in a successful organisation.
Please download all documents below to apply:
POSITION NOW CLOSED
Asian Arts Agency is an equal opportunities employer and welcomes applicants from all sections of the community. | https://asianartsagency.co.uk/marketingmanager2022/ |
Invasive species can have major economic impacts ranging from the loss of economically valuable species to the costs of controlling or managing infestations on public and private lands. The Maryland Department of Agriculture conducts regulatory and integrated pest management programs to help prevent the introduction and mitigate the impacts of invasive species in Maryland.
Select a species from the list on the right to learn more. | https://mda.state.md.us/plants-pests/Pages/invasive_species.aspx |
INF Treaty: Austria warns of “threat” to Europe
Austria expressed concern on Friday at the “threat” hanging over Europe as a result of the demise of the INF treaty, calling on Moscow and Washington to make a voluntary commitment not to deploy medium-range nuclear missiles on the continent.
Europe must not become the theatre of a new arms race, Austrian Foreign Minister Alexander Schallenberg said, shortly after the two world powers brought an end of the INF (Intermediate Range Nuclear Forces) Treaty, concluded at the end of the Cold War.
“The end of the INF Treaty represents a threat to the security of Europe,” stressed the diplomat, calling for “a voluntary declaration from both sides on the non-deployment in Europe of medium-range land-based missiles.”
Austria, a neutral country, is one of the nations behind the 2017 Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons, which none of the nuclear powers have signed on to.
“An international prohibition is a condition for achieving a world without nuclear weapons and this text represents an important signal against the dangerous trend towards rearmament, symbolised by the end of the INF Treaty, Schallenberg said.
Following the expiry of an ultimatum issued by Washington, Russia declared the INF Treaty officially dead on Friday, accusing the U.S. of being responsible for its demise. Moscow also renewed its proposal to refrain from deploying missiles banned by the Cold War agreement, if Washington did the same.
In the 1987 INF agreement, the two superpowers committed to destroying all their ballistic missiles with ranges of 500 to 5,000 km, a gesture considered at the time a major step forward in the area of disarmament. | |
Licensing Act 2003 - Notice of the review of a premises licence
Notice is given that on the 5 December 2018, Huntingdonshire District Council, as the Licensing Authority, has received a request for a review of the Premises Licence for:
Nawab Lounge, Indian Restaurant and Bar
3 South Street
St Neots
PE19 2BW
The grounds for review are:
Crime and Disorder - for knowingly employing persons who are unlawfully in the UK or who cannot lawfully be employed as a result of a condition on the person's leave to enter/remain in the UK.
Anyone wishing to make representations concerning this application should do so by midnight on Wednesday 2nd January 2019, via email to [email protected] or in writing to:
Huntingdonshire District Council
Licensing Section
Pathfinder House
St.Mary’s Street
Huntingdon
PE29 3TN
Persons wishing to inspect the register or the record of this application may do so by attending our Huntingdon Customer Service Centre, during office hours.
It is an offence knowingly or recklessly to make a false statement in connection with an application, the maximum fine for which on summary conviction is £5,000. | https://www.huntingdonshire.gov.uk/news/licensing-act-2003-application-for-review-of-a-premises-license/ |
It has been a constant battle for me working on my patience. Its work in progress. I come from an organised and structured society that demands punctuality, productiveness and hard work. From the moment that I landed in Argentina, I had to start the process of a big change within myself. My 33 years prior to arrival had been within the English colonial system. “Time is money”. Here in Argentina, everything works differently. Nothing runs on time, nobody arrives on time, and everything takes a long time. I’ve had to adapt. When working within this environment, there is one thing that you need a hell of a lot of...patience.
As a teacher within a system that expects so much from children, I became used to pushing kids to do things that they didn’t want to do. It is frustrating when you want a child to do something when the child is set on doing absolutely everything and anything apart from that one thing. Looking back, all of the problems that I ever had in the classroom came from that source. My impatience would lead to frustration when I was teaching in a formal setting.
Here is a bold statement. In today’s world, we should be encouraging children to be off task. You say what? Let’s have a look. If you believe that school is for developing children to become future workers, then shouldn’t we be supporting the development of a variety of children with different skills and abilities? Today we don’t want workers that all do the same thing. That’s not innovation. What are businesses looking for these days? Innovators, creators, and disrupters. What is a child doing when off task? Following a thread or an instinct, thinking outside of the box, or allowing the mind to wonder. Is the ‘off task’ child not demonstrating the characteristics of the most “successful” innovators in the world?
Imagine what type of creators, thinkers, and disrupters would be coming out of schools if we decided to encourage ‘off taskness’. Instead, we are forcing kids to stay on task, follow instructions and do what us adults think is best for them. When did the limitation of a child’s natural instinct and potential ability become the best thing for them? We need to do a complete backflip and come at this education thing from a different angle. We can put opportunities in front of children and we can offer new ways of looking at traditional subjects, but we must encourage kids to be confident, and jump at opportunities that promote different ways looking at the world. | https://socialopportunitygroup.com/news/day-5/210 |
James Tour Video Series on the Origin of Life — Assembly of Cellular Components
Photo: James Tour, in a scene from Science Uprising, via Discovery Institute.
In my last two articles (here, here), I described how Rice University chemist James Tour, in his video series about the origin of life, elucidated the challenges associated with synthesizing life’s building blocks and linking them together properly to form macromolecules such as proteins, RNA, and DNA. Today, I will describe how Dr. Tour detailed the implausibility of a functional cell emerging even if all of the components were locally available. Claims to the contrary represent almost pure hype (here, here). This challenge has been compared to that of someone with absolutely no understanding of transportation vehicles assembling automobile parts scattered across the planet into a functional car without directions, tools, or an auto shop. The inherent difficulty is amplified by Dr. Tour’s mantra, “Molecules don’t care about life.”
Levinthal Interactome
The penultimate video addresses the central obstacle that the molecules in a cell can be interconnected in a fantastically large number of configurations, but only an infinitesimally small percentage of those configurations correspond to a functional cell. The number of configurations for just the possible interactions of proteins in a yeast cell was estimated by biologists Peter Tompa and George Rose be on the order of 10 to the power of 79 billion. That number is a 1 with 79 billion zeros behind it! For a minimally complex cell, the number might drop to something closer to 10 to the power of a billion, but that figure is still unfathomably large. For comparison the number of particles in the visible universe is 10 to the power of 80.
The authors presented the implications with great clarity,
Consequently, it is implausible that a completely ‘‘denatured’’ cell could be reversibly renatured spontaneously, like a protein. Instead, new cells are generated by the division of pre-existing cells, an unbroken chain of renewal tracking back through contingent conditions and evolving responses to the origin of life on the prebiotic earth. We surmise that this non-deterministic temporal continuum could not be reconstructed de novo under present conditions.
The assembly problem would be just as great at any location at any time in earth’s history, and this problem at least matches the seemingly insurmountable problems previously described.
Minimally Complex Cell
The video also addresses the question of the requirements of the simplest possible cell. A minimally complex cell would still require at over 200 genes corresponding to hundreds of thousands of bits of information. The required amount of information is so great that 23 academics actually published an article suggesting that life could not have originated on earth. The authors state,
The transformation of an ensemble of appropriately chosen biological monomers (e.g. amino acids, nucleotides) into a primitive living cell capable of further evolution appears to require overcoming an information hurdle of superastronomical proportions, an event that could not have happened within the time frame of the Earth except, we believe, as a miracle (Hoyle and Wickramasinghe, 1981, 1982, 2000). All laboratory experiments attempting to simulate such an event have so far led to dismal failure (Deamer, 2011; Walker and Wickramasinghe, 2015).
Concluding Challenge
Dr. Tour concludes his series with a call to researchers to fundamentally change the way they approach the problem of life’s origin. The current approach is completely misguided since it does not address such fundamental issues as the isolation of relevant molecules, the mass transfer problem, the origin of information, and the genesis of the interactome. I suspect this challenge will not be widely heeded for one simple reason. Carefully studying these issues will lead researchers toward a conclusion they simply are not willing to accept. Life is not the product of undirected physical processes, but it is the creation of an intelligent designer.
Dr. Tour has chosen to operate entirely within the rules of the academy, so he did not address the design hypothesis. Yet, in an earlier interview he did allow me to answer the question of what positive evidence points to design in a minimally complex cell, and he allowed me to describe how this framework best drives productive biological research. Based on this evidence, I would invite researchers to consider reaching beyond the confines of the academy and to follow the evidence where it truly leads.
Dr. Brian Miller is Research Coordinator for the Center for Science and Culture at Discovery Institute. He holds a B.S. in physics with a minor in engineering from MIT and a Ph.D. in physics from Duke University. He speaks internationally on the topics of intelligent design and the impact of worldviews on society. He also has consulted on organizational development and strategic planning, and he is a technical consultant for Ideashares, a virtual incubator dedicated to bringing innovation to the marketplace. | |
‘Plantains? Cook ’em up and you can’t go wrong. We’ll tell you how. They go with everything, love.’ Neville Singh Hello, Lovelies, You’ll probably know that one of my favourite places on a Friday is the Mullumbimby Farmers Markets, and it was here that I was first convinced to give Plantains a go, thanks to […]
Why I love Friday at the Farm!
“Its always difficult to keep Fridays confined within themselves..they tend to spill over..” ~ Parag Tipnis Fridays at our farm are my perfect kind of day. There was an early-morning walk to say hello to the cows and check the vegetable garden. After that I spent a little time finalising my Year of ME […]
Sunshine and Apples
“As the years pass, I am coming more and more to understand that it is the common, everyday blessings of our common everyday lives for which we should be particularly grateful. They are the things that fill our lives with comfort and our hearts with gladness — just the pure air to breathe and the […]
A Day At the Farm
“I’d rather have roses on my table than diamonds on my neck.” ~ Emma Goldman I slept in yesterday. Til nearly eight am. Pure luxury! I’ve had a month of restless nights thanks to Lyme disease, so to sleep so deeply and completely was bliss. Our farm is a hive of activity right now. […]
Simple Tomato Salad
“Like all magnificent things, it’s very simple.” ~ Natalie Babbitt, Tuck Everlasting One of my favourite salads involves ripe tomatoes, a little oil and a handful of herbs picked fresh from the garden. Right now my Spring vegetable garden is still in its infancy, and my tomatoes are not yet ripe. But I found […]
Music, Smiles and All Good Things
“Music produces a kind of pleasure which human nature cannot do without.” ~ Confucius, The Book of Rites Ben and I ventured to the Mullumbimby Farmers’ Markets yesterday morning. We got there a little later than usual, about 8.30am, because after my pre-dawn meditation I sat down at the computer and hammered out some more words […]
Roadside Bounty and Shared Harvests
“We must give more in order to get more. It is the generous giving of ourselves that produces the generous harvest.” ~ Orison Swett Marden On the back roads around our own little farm, many farmers and those folks with large home gardens have set up roadside stalls to sell some of their surplus produce. I […]
Hooray for friends! | https://cauldronsandcupcakes.com/tag/mullumbimby-farmers-markets/ |
• The Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi has been apprised of Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between India and Tajkistan on Cooperation on Peaceful uses of Space Technology for Development.
• The MoU was signed on 8th October 2018 at Dushanbe, Tajkistan.
• Space science and planetary exploration; use of spacecraft and space systems and ground system; and application of space technology.
• The MoU would lead to set up a Joint Working Group, drawing members from DOS/ISRO and the State Committee of Land Management and Geodesy of Republic of Tajikistan, which will further work out the plan of action including the time-frame and the means of implementing this MoU.
• The signed MoU will provide impetus to explore newer research activities and application possibilities in the field of remote sensing of the earth, satellite navigation, space science and exploration of outer space.
• The MoU would lead to development of joint activity in the field of application of space technologies for the benefit of humanity. It will lead to setting up of a Joint Working Group, which will further work out the plan of action including the time-frame and the means of implementing the provisions of this Agreement. | http://aspirantworld.in/cabinet-approves-mou-between-india-and-tajkistan-on-cooperation-on-peaceful-uses-of-space-technology-for-development/ |
Academy Comments to HRSA re "Assessing Client Factors Associated With Detectable HIV Viral Loads and Models of Care and the Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program"
July 17, 2017
HRSA Information Collection Clearance Officer
Room 14N39
5600 Fishers Lane
Rockville, MD 20857
Re: Info Collection: Assessing Client Factors Associated with Detectable HIV Viral Loads and Models of Care and the Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program
Dear Sir or Madam,
The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (the "Academy") appreciates the opportunity to submit comments to the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) at the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) related to its May 18, 2017 information collection, "Assessing Client Factors Associated with Detectable HIV Viral Loads and Models of Care and the Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program." Representing more than 100,000 registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs),1 dietetic technicians, registered (DTRs), and advanced-degree nutritionists, the Academy is the largest association of food and nutrition professionals in the United States and is committed to supporting the provision of essential food and nutrition services (FNS) to people living with HIV (PLWH) and to expanding access to this indispensable intervention.
The Academy supports these surveys as vital to addressing the substantial health needs of PLWH. This population's challenges with food insecurity and comorbid chronic conditions create an even more critical state of disease, which limits prognosis, decreases quality of life, and increases costs. FNS can provide a substantial return on investment, whether return is measured in outcomes, quality of life or health care expenditures. We offer the following suggestions to improve program quality and reinforce the necessity of FNS in these communities.
Why Food and Nutrition Services (FNS) Matter for PLWH
While adequate food and nutrition are basic to maintaining health for all persons, good nutrition is crucial for the management of HIV infection. Proper nutrition is needed to increase absorption of medication, reduce side effects, and maintain healthy body weight. Research has identified the virus as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular, liver and kidney disease, cancer, osteoporosis and stroke. Several HIV medications can cause nausea and vomiting and some can affect lab results used to monitor lipids, kidney and liver function. These compounding health effects, caused by the virus and its medications, reinforce the important role a nutrient-rich diet plays in a patient's overall care plan. In addition, providing food and nutrition services can serve to facilitate access and engagement with medical care, especially among vulnerable populations.
The Food and Nutrition Services category within the Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program (RWHAP) includes medical nutritional therapy (MNT) and FNS. MNT covers nutritional diagnostic, therapy, and counseling services focused on prevention, delay or management of diseases and conditions, and involves an in-depth assessment, periodic reassessment and intervention provided by an RDN outside of a primary care visit. The range of FNS provided through the RWHAP complements the needs of PLWH at any stage of their illness. For those who are most mobile, there are congregate meals, walk-in food pantries, and voucher programs. For those whose disease has progressed and are immobile, home-delivered meals and home-delivered grocery bags complement their medical treatment.
Since 2006, HRSA has included MNT and FNS provided under the guidance of RDNs as a clinically effective core medical service in the RWHAP. These nutrition services play a critical role in ensuring that PLWH enter and continue in primary medical care, adhere to their medications, and ultimately achieve viral suppression.
FNS as a Care Completion Service Unique to Ryan White
Social and economic interventions, most often in the form of care completion services such as food and nutrition services, are fundamental to making health care work for PLWH. Support services for PLWH are not covered in any comprehensive way by Medicaid or other public insurance initiatives that have been expanded by the Affordable Care Act. As the HIV epidemic in the United States increasingly impacts low-income individuals, support services help stabilize individuals living with or at risk of HIV. When comprehensive needs are met and life’s emergencies are held at bay, PLWH are far better poised to remain connected to care and treatment.
Access to FNS and the Triple Aim
Access to appropriate FNS are increasingly recognized as key to accomplishing the Triple Aim of national healthcare reform for PLWH.
Better Health Outcomes
When clients get effective FNS and become food secure, they are more likely to keep scheduled primary care visits, score higher on health functioning, are at lower risk for inpatient hospital stays, and are more likely to take their medicines.2 Studies show both the health benefits of access to MNT or nutrition counseling for people with HIV infections3 and the resulting decreases in their healthcare costs. In contrast, PLWH who are food insecure have:
- Lower CD4 counts & lower likelihoods of having undetectable viral loads;4
- More ER visits5 & increased morbidity and mortality; and6
- More missed primary care appointments and reduced use of antiretroviral therapy7.
One study in particular found that "half of people living with HIV/AIDS … lacked sufficient food, and food insufficiency was associated with multiple indicators of poor health, including higher HIV viral loads, lower CD4 cell counts, and poorer treatment adherence. Adjusted analyses showed that food insufficiency predicted HIV treatment non-adherence over and above" numerous other social factors.8
Lower Healthcare Costs
Millions of dollars in healthcare expenditures are saved through the provision of FNS to PLWH. A recent study comparing participants in a medically-tailored FNS program compared to a control group within a local managed care organization found that average monthly healthcare costs for PLWH fell eighty percent (more than $30,000) for the first three months after receiving FNS9. If hospitalized, FNS clients' costs were thirty percent lower, their hospital length of stay was cut by thirty-seven percent and they were twenty percent more likely to be able to be discharged to their homes rather than a more expensive institution10. Furthermore, FNS are a relatively inexpensive intervention. For each day in a hospital saved, you can feed a person a medically-tailored diet for half a year.11
Improved Patient Satisfaction
Studies show nutrition counseling improves quality of life.12,13 PLWH overwhelmingly report that FNS help them live more independently, eat more nutritiously and manage their medical treatment more effectively.
FNS, the National HIV/AIDS Strategy (NHAS), and Models of Care
Access to FNS for PLWH is fundamental to fulfilling the goals of the NHAS and should be incorporated as formalized core components of Models of Care in the RWHAP.
- NHAS Goal of Reducing new HIV infections: PLWH who are food insecure are less likely to have undetectable viral loads in a statistically significant way. Undetectable viral loads prevent transmission ninety-six percent of the time,14 demonstrating FNS is a key to prevention.15
- NHAS Goal of Increasing access to care and improving health outcomes for people living with HIV: PLWH who receive effective FNS are more likely to keep scheduled primary care visits, score higher on health functioning, are at lower risk for inpatient hospital stays and are more likely to take their medicines16.
- NHAS Goal of Reducing HIV-related disparities and health inequities: By providing FNS to PLWH in need largely because of poverty, we improve health outcomes, thereby reducing health disparities17.
Specific Survey Suggestions
- The Outcomes Site Survey should have a due date. HRSA also may want to consider creating incentives to respond.
- Much of the provider survey will be difficult for front line medical providers to answer. HRSA should ensure that the providers who are interviewed have some minimal level of tenure at the organization providing services and that case management and social workers are included in this group. The social work staff may well have better ideas about demographics and other social and psychosocial issues than the medical providers.
- We question whether the client survey and focus group asks too many demographic questions and suggest including a "mixed race" option.
- We encourage HRSA to add questions regarding food insecurity, such as:
- Are you concerned about your access to healthy food?
- Do you think healthy food might help you better manage your condition?
- How much of an issue is transportation for you to access healthy food (1-5)?
- How much is cost an issue for you to buy healthy food (1-5)?
- We encourage HRSA to consider incentives for clients to participate; client participation is not an organizational responsibility. Consider gift cards to large stores (Target, Walmart, etc.) or grocery stores, particularly those from which tobacco or alcohol cannot be purchased.
Conclusion
Research shows that investment in FNS, with the great return in prevention and retention in HIV care as well as improved quality of life, are vital to lowering the number of new infections in the domestic HIV epidemic and ultimately in reducing healthcare costs and preserving healthcare resources for the future. A client's diet can literally have life and death consequences. When people are severely ill, good nutrition is one of the first things to deteriorate, making recovery and stabilization that much harder. Early and reliable access to medically-appropriate FNS helps PLWH live healthy and productive lives, produces better overall health outcomes, and reduces health care costs.
Most importantly, there remains a tremendous variation by state in coverage of food and nutrition services both inside and outside of RWHAP, making broader support for RWHAP all the more needed. Ultimately, if we are going to achieve a more coordinated national response to the HIV epidemic and our quest to reduce healthcare spending nationwide, FNS must be included in all healthcare reform efforts, including RWHAP.
The Academy appreciates the opportunity to comment on the proposed information collection for the National Survey of Older Americans Act Participants---Extension with Modifications docket. Please contact either Jeanne Blankenship at 312-899-1730 or by email at [email protected] or Pepin Tuma at 202-775-8277 ext. 6001 or by email at [email protected] with any questions or requests for additional information.
Sincerely,
Jeanne Blankenship, MS, RDN
Vice President
Policy Initiatives and Advocacy
Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
Mark E. Rifkin, MS, RD, LDN
Manager
Consumer Protection and Regulation
Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
1 The Academy approved the optional use of the credential "registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN)" by "registered dietitians (RDs)" to more accurately convey who they are and what they do as the nation’s food and nutrition experts. The RD and RDN credentials have identical meanings and legal trademark definitions.
2 Aidala A, Yomogida M, Vardy Y & the Food & Nutrition Study Team. Food and Nutrition Services, HIV Medical Care, and Health Outcomes. New York State Department of Health: Resources for Ending the Epidemic, 2014.
3 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. HIV/AIDS Nutrition Evidence Analysis Project. Accessed 29 July 2012.
4 Aidala A., Yomogida M., and the HIV Food & Nutrition Study Team (2014).
5 Ibid.
6 Anema A, Chan K, Yip B, Weiser S, Montaner JSG, Hogg RS. Impact of food insecurity on survival among HIV-positive injection drug users receiving antiretroviral therapy in a Canadian cohort. 141st APHA Annual Meeting, Nov. 2-6, 2013. Boston, MA. Abstract #: 290277
7 Aidala A., Yomogida M., and the HIV Food & Nutrition Study Team (2014).
8 Kalichman SC, et al. Health and treatment implications of food insufficiency among people living with HIV/AIDS, Atlanta, Georgia. J Urban Health. 2010 Jul;87(4):631-41.
9 Gurvey J, Rand K, Daugherty S, Dinger C, Schmeling J, Laverty N. Examining Health Care Costs Among MANNA Clients and a Comparison Group. OMG Center for Collaborative Learning, Philadelphia, PA, USA. J Prim Care Community Health. 2013 Jun 3.
10 Ibid.
11 Sarah Downer, Robert Greenwald, Emily Broad Leib, Kellen Wittkop, Kristen Hayashi, Marissa Leonce & Morgan Menchaca. 2015. Food is Prevention The Case for Integrating Food and Nutrition Interventions into Healthcare. Center for Health Law & Policy Innovation, Harvard Law School.
12 Rabeneck L, Palmer A, Knowles JB, Seidehamel RJ, Harris CL, Merkel KL, Risser JMH, Akrabawi SS. A randomized controlled trial evaluating nutrition counseling with or without oral supplementation in malnourished HIV-infected patients. J Am Diet Assoc. 1998; 98: 434-438.
13 Schwenk A, Steuck H, Kremer G. Oral supplements as adjunctive treatment to nutritional counseling in malnourished HIV-infected patients: randomized controlled trial. Clinical Nutrition. 1999; 18(6): 371-374.
14 M. S. Cohen et al., "Prevention of HIV-1 Infection with Early Antiretroviral Therapy," N. Engl. J. Med. 365, 493-505 (2011). HPTN 052 Study Team.
15 Palar K, et al. (2013). Food insecurity is associated with sexually transmitted infections and HIV serostatus among low income adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (1999-2010). Presented at the American Public Health Association 141st Annual Meeting, Boston, MA, November 5, 2013.
16 Aidala A., Yomogida M., and the HIV Food & Nutrition Study Team (2014).
17 Weiser SD, et al. Food insecurity is associated with incomplete HIV RNA suppression among homeless and marginally housed HIV-infected individuals in San Francisco. J Gen Intern Med. 2009 Jan;24(1):14-20. | https://www.eatrightpro.org/news-center/on-the-pulse-of-public-policy/regulatory-comments/academy-comments-to-hrsa-re-assessing-client-factors-associated-with-detectable-hiv-viral-loads-and-models-of-care-and-the-ryan-white-hivaids-program |
Dr. Seuss and his beloved characters have defined the American childhood for generations, and this month, fans will get the chance to see some of his greatest storybooks come to life on the Highlander Hall stage.
From Friday, November 17 to Sunday, November 19, Granada Hills Charter High School will host four showings of the production “Seussical.” The musical, which features a 50-person cast and crew, reimagines classic Dr. Seuss narratives like “Horton Hears a Who” and “The Cat in the Hat,” promising to offer audience members a riveting storyline and a feel-good, nostalgic experience.
In order to create a contrast with the school’s most recent productions, which have focused on more mature themes, “Seussical” possesses a whimsical innocence that appeals to all ages while still addressing important topics in a realistic way.
Themes of kindness and unity in the face of hostility seemed timely in light of the many changes taking place throughout the world today. The musical’s potential to equally entertain and teach such a wide range of people, set it apart and was one of the deciding factors in its selection for this year’s production.
The production is lead by drama teacher Stuart Fingeret, music teacher Sarah White, and choreographer Amanda Richardson, while its cast includes students from all grades levels and degrees of performance experience.
Fingeret and White made sure to choose their cast based on whom they felt was best for each role. As a result, the “Seussical” cast consists of students with prior experience and those who are not in drama or choir, or who have not participated in a school production before. Senior Jason Foster, plays the role of Horton, Jade Delgado plays Cat in the Hat and freshman James Averill plays Jojo.
Since early October, cast and crew have committed themselves to three-hour-long rehearsals Mondays through Thursdays after school, all-day dance rehearsals every Monday, and music rehearsals every Saturday morning. With only two weeks until the premiere, those involved will be putting in a lot of hours in order to refine their lines, dances, and costumes.
“It’s been a super big time commitment, but I’m really glad I’m a part of the cast. Every day we put so much into nailing our dance moves and singing, so it feels good being able to see how we’ve grown over time,” senior and company member Michelle Villalobos said.
The production approaches rehearsals with the same rigor and attention to detail that one might expect from a professionally done show. In fact, the course of a single rehearsal can see cast members go from fumbling over moves to executing a seamless performance of a number.
And despite the company’s size, rehearsals, which occur in Highlander Hall, White’s classroom and Fingeret’s classroom, are filled with a sense of familial intimacy and immense creative energy. Under Richardson’s lead, cast members are expected to vary between playfulness and intensity as they perfect their moves, all the way down to their facial expressions and the positioning of their fingers.
All of this preparation has gone towards fulfilling the hope that those who attend showings of “Seussical” experience a lively performance filled with comedy, excitement, and a lot of heart. There will be characters interacting with the audience, taking them on an immersive journey away from reality and straight into the world of Dr. Seuss.
“If people leave just thinking, ‘Wasn’t that cute?’ we haven’t done our job. I want people to empathize and connect to the characters,” Fingeret said. “The shows includes themes of kindness, unity, and the power of imagination. And plus it’s a lot of fun.”
Tickets for reserved seating are available now at ghchs.booktix.com. | https://theplaidpress.com/2017/11/03/seussical-off-the-page-and-on-to-the-stage/ |
This winter, more than a dozen Wisconsin elementary school educators will see their hard work come to fruition in the form of an educational, online video game that explores Great Lakes shipwrecks.
During the 2020-21 academic year, 14 Wisconsin third through fifth grade teachers took part in the Shipwrecks! Game Design Fellowship with PBS Wisconsin Education and Field Day Lab at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Throughout the winter, these educators met with teachers, game designers, researchers and maritime archaeologists to co-design a video game that investigates shipwrecks in the Great Lakes using the practices of maritime archaeologists.
One educator reflected on their experience participating in the fellowship: “During a time when we are extraordinarily isolated, this fellowship gave me the unique opportunity to connect, however briefly, with other educators. As a classroom teacher, we weren’t able to go on cool field trips and since we were limited in so many ways within the classroom, being able to be part of the foundation of something supremely cool has been supremely cool!”
All 14 educators also took part in the initial game concept fellowship at the Wisconsin Maritime Museum in Manitowoc in November 2019.
In the online Shipwrecks! game, scheduled for release in the winter of 2021, players will read informational texts, engage in historical inquiry, and learn about historical moments and themes associated with the Great Lakes. The final version of the game will be used by elementary school students and teachers across Wisconsin, as well as nationally through PBS LearningMedia.
In addition to co-designing the game, teachers play-tested the game with their students. Students then provided feedback and suggested areas of improvement as the design team iterated designs, character artwork and game play. Field Day art designers also visited classrooms virtually to gain student feedback on character art.
The online video game is one component of PBS Wisconsin’s three-part Shipwrecks! project, debuting in December. Along with the fully-interactive education game, Shipwrecks! includes an hour-long documentary on Great Lakes shipwrecks and a state-of-the-art virtual reality experience. All three components will help people of all ages immerse themselves in the history of more than 700 shipwrecks along the shores of Wisconsin, alongside the state’s maritime communities and those searching for shipwrecks today.
The Shipwrecks game is a partnership between Field Day Lab, PBS Wisconsin Education, Wisconsin Sea Grant, Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction, Wisconsin Center for Education Research, and Wisconsin Historical Society’s Maritime Preservation and Archaeology Program. | https://pbswisconsin.org/article/wisconsin-educators-help-design-shipwreck-game/ |
Saguaros are much more than Southwest desert icons. A protected species, carnegiea gigantea, the immense cactuses provide food and lodging to a host of animals, including mammals, birds and insects. In addition, saguaros are a vital part of the Tohono O'odham summer solstice (New Year) celebration. At approximately 50 feet when fully grown, the cactus is the largest in the United States.
The saguaro's life cycle starts under the protection of a desert tree, generally a mesquite or palo verde.
Known as a "nurse" tree, it provides shade and vital water access to the young cactus. It takes approximately 75 years for the slow-growing cactus to develop its characteristic arms, and 200-year-old saguaros are not unknown--which means some have been around longer than the state of Arizona.
Saguaros are unique to the Sonoran Desert. Besides Southern Arizona, they can be found only in parts of northwestern Mexico and southeastern California. The cactuses are often located on the southern slopes of desert mountains at elevations below approximately 3,500 feet.
Well-suited to their sere environment, saguaros have a shallow root system that makes efficient use of each drop of desert rain. The wax-like exterior of the cactus also helps it retain moisture.
In May and June, spectacular white flowers--the state flower of Arizona--grace the tips of saguaro arms, but not before the cactus is at least 50 years old. Bats, bees and wasps will visit the blooms at night and during the early morning hours before the short-lived flower--each one only blooms once--closes.
Successfully pollinated flowers will produce fruit, a veritable feast for a variety of animals including birds, rodents and coyotes, among others. It's this fruit the Tohono O'odham harvest for their annual celebration.
After the saguaro fruit has been harvested by using a long pole placed on a shoulder, families gather to cook the juice or ferment it into a wine called nawait. The fruit can also be used for jams.
Traditionally, the Tohono O'odham harvest was part of the vi:gida ceremony. Since rain was critical to the survival of the desert dwellers, the ceremony centered on the coming of the summer monsoons.
Animals also make use of the saguaro. Screech owls will make their home in the holes deserted by woodpeckers. Other birds may take up residence in the cactus, and hawks use the tall saguaro arms not only to nest, but also to take advantage of their height for sighting prey.
Occasionally a saguaro will exhibit a deformed, or "monstrose" growth pattern where all the arms seem to meld together at the top of the cactus in an upright, fanlike shape. Sometimes called a crested saguaro, there is no agreement on what causes the abnormality, but damage from insects or frost is considered among the possibilities.
Lightning, severe frost and bacteria can threaten the life of the saguaro. Humans pose more of a threat than animals: Saguaros are vulnerable to target shooting and theft. Though the giant cactuses do not transplant well, this fact does not discourage pilferers intent on making the large sums of money a mature saguaro can bring. And as we've seen, senseless vandalism is a serious peril.
Walking through a saguaro forest, or hearing the wind whip through dead saguaro ribs as they rattle to ancient rhythms, is an experience unlike any other. It is one of those rare occasions that brings us closer to the sacred.
Those experiences also remind us how privileged we are to dwell among these precious saguaros that grace our landscape. And that we are entrusted with their care and preservation.
So when someone commits an act of malicious vandalism cutting short the life of a saguaro, we are required to see to it that the criminal is arrested and swift justice meted out. And that the punishment be as merciless as the deed was heinous. | https://www.tucsonweekly.com/tucson/tuttle/Content?oid=1082180 |
This work explores the social foundation of evidence law in a specific historical social and cultural context - the debate concerning the proof of the crime of witchcraft in early modern England. In this period the question of how to prove the crime of witchcraft was the centre of a public debate and even those who strongly believed in the reality of witchcraft had considerable concerns regarding its proof. In a typical witchcraft crime there were no eyewitnesses, and since torture was not a standard measure in English criminal trials, confessions could not be easily obtained. The scarcity of evidence left the fact-finders with a pressing dilemma. On the one hand, using the standard evidentiary methods might have jeopardized any chance of prosecuting and convicting extremely dangerous criminals. On the other hand, lowering the evidentiary standards might have led to the conviction of innocent people. Based on the analysis of 157 primary sources, the book presents a picture of a diverse society whose members tried to influence evidentiary techniques to achieve their distinct goals and to bolster their social standing. In so doing this book further uncovers the interplay between the struggle with the evidentiary dilemma and social characteristics (such as class, position along the centre/periphery axis and the professional affiliation) of the participants in the debate. In particular, attention is focused on the professions of law, clergy and medicine. This book finds clear affinity between the professional affiliation and the evidentiary positions of the participants in the debate, demonstrating how the diverse social players and groups employed evidentiary strategies as a resource, to mobilize their interests. The witchcraft debate took place within the formative era of modern evidence law, and the book highlights the mutual influences between the witch trials and major legal developments. | https://harperandharley.org/pdf/witch-s-mark |
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1. An area excavation revealed evidence of an previously unknown Iron Age settlement. Features included two large pits of early-middle Iron Age which contained a range of artefacts and ecofacts, which may have been deliberately placed, including a pierced pine marten mandible and several near complete pottery vessels. A few smaller pits and numerous postholes were also found, which may indicate the presence of structures and fences.
<1> Bailey, G.D. with Shepherd Popescu, E., 2006, Iron Age 'Ritual' Pits at Newmarket Road, Burwell, Cambridgeshire. An Archaeological Excavation (Unpublished report). SCB19925.
Search results generated by the HBSMR Gateway from exeGesIS SDM Ltd. | http://www.heritagegateway.org.uk/Gateway/Results_Single.aspx?uid=MCB17427&resourceID=1000 |
I was sent to Thunder Bay with the military on a short haul for the night. I spotted the Mr Sub on the was in to town. Sandwich was great! Girl behind counter was pleasant. I even posted on FB prior to arriving at shop my trip was complete because there was a Mr Sub in town.
Only negative was... more
Excellent! Staff is great, very friendly, good atmosphere.
Mr Sub offers these services: restaurant, subs, sandwiches. | http://www.weblocal.ca/mr-sub-thunder-bay-on-1.html |
The affective dimension of pain is made up of feelings of unpleasantness and emotions associated with future implications, termed secondary affect. Experimental and clinical studies show serial interactions between pain sensation intensity, pain unpleasantness, and secondary affect. These pain dimensions and their interactions relate to a central network of brain structures that processes nociceptive information both in parallel and in series. Spinal pathways to limbic structures and medial thalamic nuclei provide direct inputs to brain areas involved in affect. Another source is from spinal pathways to somatosensory thalamic and cortical areas and then through a cortico-limbic pathway. The latter integrates nociceptive input with contextual information and memory to provide cognitive mediation of pain affect. Both direct and cortico-limbic pathways converge on the same anterior cingulate cortical and subcortical structures whose function may be to establish emotional valence and response priorities.
- Publication:
-
Science
- Pub Date:
- June 2000
- DOI:
- 10.1126/science.288.5472.1769
- Bibcode:
- 2000Sci...288.1769P
- Keywords: | https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2000Sci...288.1769P |
- DescriptionBrings Jane Austen's classic tale of youthful folly and romantic exuberance to a modern audience with this beautiful, new manga adaptation. This title delivers both humor and heartache through the gorgeous artwork of manga-ka Po Tse.
- Author Biography<?xml version= 1.0 encoding= UTF-8 ?><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC -//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd > Crystal S. Chan is an award-winning author and television screen play writer. A She holds a degree in language and literature. Crystal is a huge fan of authors such as Jane Austen and she is equally passionate about Sailor Moon. Her passion for classic literature combined with her love of the comics medium allows her to strike a solid balance between preserving the depth of the original content while adapting the language for a younger generation.
Key Features
- Author(s)Jane Austen
- PublisherUdon Entertainment Corp
- Date of Publication16/06/2015
- Language(s)English
- FormatPaperback
- ISBN-101927925355
- ISBN-139781927925355
Publication Data
- Place of PublicationRichmond Hill
- Country of PublicationUnited Kingdom
- ImprintUdon Entertainment Corp
- Content Noteillustrations
Dimensions
- Weight372 g
- Width145 mm
- Height208 mm
- Spine30 mm
- Pagination308
Credits
- Edited byCrystal Chan,Stacy King
- Artist(s)Po Tse
Age Details
- Interest AgeFrom 13
This item doesn't belong on this page.
Thanks, we'll look into this. | https://www.ebay.co.uk/p/Manga-Classics-Emma-Softcover-Emma-by-Jane-Austen-Paperback-2015/213391138 |
On which river did the ancient Egyptians settle?Nile RiverWHY??
The Geography
The GeographyNile RiverWorlds longest river (4130 miles)Gift of the Nile annual flooding that deposits rich soil.BenefitsEasy communication.Transportation.Ample water supply.It runs through the ten countries of Sudan, South Sudan, Burundi, Rwanda, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, Kenya, Ethiopia, Uganda and Egypt
Only 22% in EgyptThe Nile River is the longest river in the world. The Nile flows into the Mediterranean Sea. The largest source of the Nile is Lake Victoria. The Nile has a length of about 6,695 kilometers (4,160 miles). Its average discharge is 3.1 million litres (680,000 gallons) per second. The Nile basin is huge and includes parts of Tanzania, Burundi, Rwanda, Congo (Kinshasa), Kenya. The name Nile comes from the Greek neilos, which means valley. The Ancient Egyptians called the river Ar or Aur (black) because of the colour of the sediment left after the rivers annual flood.
Floods October-mid February 8Nile River
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oE2YZZgZWdE&feature=relmfu
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s0JdbWwLWgQ&feature=relmfu Wildlife
9
Menes: Unifier of Upper & Lower EgyptUpper
Lower
Menes
Upper vs LowerSociety
Great to be an Egyptian?A social hierarchy not locked in.Possible to change status via marriage, personal success, etc.
IntellectualHistory
WritingEarliest form of writing = pictograph
16Image of ancient pictographs
The Importance of WritingIn hieroglyphics:Images stand for ideas, as well as for soundsThe image of an OWL stands for the m sound, as well as for the bird itself
The Importance of WritingHieroglyphics: developed from pictographsImages stand for ideas, as well as for sounds
Papyrus- A paper-like material - Now scribes could write on a more compact surface, instead of stone or clay.
As the Egyptian civilization declined, any chance of deciphering hieroglyphics was lost. Rosetta Stone That is until the Rosetta Stone was discovered in 1799HieroglyphicsHieroglyphics (in a simpler form)GreekFinally, in 1822 the stone was deciphered!!
The story of where the Rosetta stone is today British museum
21
Religion & GovernmentPolytheism: The worship of many godsWorshipped 2000+ gods and goddesses
Egyptian Religion23Cartoon depiction of Re and Isis
Ra the sun god. He was the most important god of the ancient Egyptians.Isis the protective goddess. She used powerful magic to help people in need.Anubis the god of embalming and the dead.Osiris god of the dead, and ruler of the underworld.Brother and Sister
Seth the god of chaos.Atum the creator god. Believed to be the first god to exist. Sekhmet goddess of war.Horus god of the sky. Protector of the pharaoh. | https://fdocuments.net/document/ancient-civilizations-egypt-568f52ad2daea.html |
One of the least-discussed infrastructure issues in Florida is the one most people don't notice.
It is not congested roads, deteriorating water pipes or old bridges that occur as a result of lack of reinvestment or financial planning.
It is the loss of water recharge, flood control, scenic beauty, species diversity and overall ecological health as a result of land alternation that reduces what are known as ecosystem services.
No one gets a bill for these ecosystem services, but we often pay plenty to make up for their absence.
A major challenge is trying to figure what these services are worth.
For decades scientists and economists have studied — and debated the accuracy of various methods — how to calculate the values of ecosystem services.
The latest entry into this area is a University of Florida study being conducted in cooperation with the Florida Cattleman's Association to examine whether preservation of ecosystem services can be used in the calculation of the value of conservation easements.
Conservation easements are agreements to pay landowners a negotiated price in return for their relinquishing the right to develop or otherwise seriously alter their property. These are also often referred to as “less-than-fee” transactions because they do not involve buying the land outright.
The discussion is whether landowners also ought to be paid for the ecosystem-service value of leaving their land in its current state where it may protect a stream or harbor rare wildlife or provide land key to recharging the aquifer or filtering pollution.
The tricky part about this is that there doesn't seem to be universal agreement on how exactly to calculate these values.
Absent a sound method to calculate the value of ecosystem services, it might be tough to justify spending taxpayer money to pay for it.
The issue becomes more complicated when it comes to ranchlands because some historic management decisions have also created what are called ecological disservices.
That includes the effects of drainage projects that dried up wetlands or diverted surface water flow, the nutrient pollution from excessive fertilizer use and manure, and the fact that sometimes land was cleared of native vegetation to create pastureland, displacing some native wildlife.
A fair evaluation would have to look at both sides of the ledger.
However, if someone could come up with a generally accepted methodology for calculating the value of preserving ecosystem services, perhaps the same research might allow us to calculate the cost of destroying ecosystem services elsewhere.
That would come into play in the review of modern development decisions, which differ from historic ranching practices in one important aspect.
Much of the ecological damage that occurred on ranches was done before most people understood its impact. Today we know the consequences and can no longer plead ignorance.
We know more about the effects of habitat alteration and have the choice of either acting on that knowledge or looking the other way.
Landowners and developers are already charged in some ways for destroying ecosystem services.
If they fill wetlands, they're supposed to mitigate the damage elsewhere on their property or buy credits at wetland mitigation banks offsite where the money is used to improve or maintain functioning wetlands.
If there are protected animal species such as gopher tortoises, bald eagles or sand skinks on the property, they're supposed to either reduce their development footprint or pay to relocate the animals or mitigate the habitat destruction in some other way.
The current law gives developers a pass on destroying populations of rare plants, though that idea has not gone unchallenged.
There are other issues of how much the public might be owed for any diminution in more general ecosystem values such as loss of carbon sequestration to deal with climate change or the loss of scenic beauty or the destruction of a connection in a local wildlife corridor or some other factor for which a value could be established.
It is also possible this could be added to local growth plan policies to deal with regular requests to redraw land-use and zoning maps to introduce intense urban growth into undeveloped rural areas that still contain relatively intact ecosystems.
The obvious counterargument is that developing the land also has a value that ought to be part of any calculation and many will quickly argue these costs affect everything from housing prices to property rights.
These issues present interesting public policy questions that will generate a lot of debate in places like Florida where development interests are putting increased pressure on natural areas and it is increasingly obvious that we need to do more to preserve wildlife and clean water than we have in the past. | http://www.newschief.com/news/20180908/palmer-how-do-you-calculate-worth-of-ecosystem-services |
Rock climbing is my absolute passion and I consider myself incredibly lucky to have discovered it at such a young age. I am excited to return for Psicocomp next year and I hope to see more competitions like it emerge, as they’re tons of fun and great for the sport. I hope events like these will help the sport gain recognition and momentum worldwide, so others can likewise realize how amazing climbing can be. | https://climbingnarc.com/2014/08/delaney-miller-on-psicocomp/ |
On the Positive Side: Interagency cooperation was topic of ASCMV workshop
In an unprecedented and positive move, the Animal Service Center of Mesilla Valley board of directors conducted an impromptu workshop session on March 27 to discuss interagency cooperation on issues involving the ASCMV. The workshop arose as a result of the criminal complaints filed against the ASCMV director by the Doña Ana County Sheriff's Department Animal Cruelty Coordinator. The workshop topic was limited to a discussion of interagency cooperation, and it was stated the criminal complaint issues would have to be addressed in another arena.
Attending the meeting was an assistant district attorney, the Las Cruces City Human Resources director, the ASCMV director and her personal attorney, the County Community Development director, Doña Ana County animal cruelty coordinator, both Las Cruces and Doña Ana County animal control department supervisors, and five of the six ASCMV board members.
It is important that the topic of interagency cooperation finally came to fruition and brought the three entities of both animal control departments and the animal cruelty division together in a consolidated effort to address issues. Many of the issues identified are long-standing and have been brought before the ASCMV board by the Humane Society of Southern New Mexico many times over recent years.
An attempt at developing a path to resolve issues was initiated by the Coalition of Pets and People at its inception, with the establishment of the shepherd team. There was apparent resistance by the government agencies and other stakeholders to the value of this team to develop understanding and effective approaches. This has been demonstrated by what seems to be the lack of common resolve to address mutually shared problems, and the failure of the team to meet regularly despite the urging of outside entities. This effort should be restarted with vigor and genuine dedication with inclusion of outside stakeholders.
The effort can be the catalyst to initiate a collaborative atmosphere between government agencies and extend it more uniformly to animal advocacy groups and individuals. Past relationships have been rife with lack of communication and vagaries of interpretation. There has been a disparity of the enforcement of ordinances between agencies and compliance by outside stakeholders. There has been a resistance to change, a lack of transparency and failure to establish trust. Coveted control, longtime outmoded administration agendas, and — quite literally — years of mistrust on the part of all those involved have hampered problem resolution. The workshop should be the start of a new path.
The direction sought is pet and pet-owner service improvements by all involved that benefit animals, pet owners and that contribute to the mission of agencies and organizations involved. These improvements include spay and neuter, microchipping, pet retention, field and shelter return of pets, community cat management, and assistance with compliance on pet-owner responsibility. They also include the care, maintenance and management of animals held at the ASCMV.
A suggestion was made that the ASCMV policy and management manual be reviewed to assure compliance with existing ordinances when dealing with government agencies and the public.
Late in the session, attendees were provided a compilation of comments and concerns developed jointly by the animal control departments and animal cruelty coordinator. However, there was no opportunity to review the material and that is being done subsequently. This review may contribute to greater action to accomplish what is a positive beginning to resolution of concerns.
Frank Bryce is President of the Humane Society of Southern New Mexico. Interested guest authors can contact HSSNM at 575-523-8020. | https://www.lcsun-news.com/story/entertainment/local/sunlife/2015/04/02/positive-side-interagency-cooperation-was-topic-ascmv-workshop/32294447/ |
This also includes promotion of social inclusion for vulnerable groups such as Roma, people with disabilities and children at risk, and increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of decentralised services. EU membership has also led to the development of an overseas development assistance (ODA) strategy, and the EU expects its new member state to commit 0.17% of gross national income to ODA by 2010.
The country’s economy continued to grow at an average of some 5-6 percent, the fastest-growing in Europe. Gross domestic product (GDP) was EUR 108 million in 2007. Inflation in 2008 amounted to 4.7%, the budget deficit was 2.4%, for a total of EUR 2.8 billion, and there was 5.3 percent unemployment. The World Bank indicates that gross national income (GNI) per capita was $6,150 in 2007, up from $4,830 year-on-year, situating Romania firmly among middle income countries. However, GDP per capita in Purchasing Power Standards is only one third of the average for Europe. In spite of strong growth in recent years, financial experts are predicting that Romania will go into recession in 2009, following the trend in other countries. A World Bank study shows that remittances from Romanians working abroad are expected to amount to a total $9 billion in 2008, ranking Romania in 8th place among top 10 recipient countries worldwide. However, this same report forecasts a slowing in 2009 due to the international economic crisis.
The international crisis and the expected increase of food and energy prices will affect Romania’s children. Irrespective of the scenario taken into consideration, absolute poverty in Romania is likely to rise in 2009, reaching levels comparable to those in 2006-2007. Thus, the number of poor persons is expected to increase in 2009 to 2.17 million (scenario based on the forecast of the National Bank of Romania) or 2.68 million (scenario by an independent expert).
Macroeconomic gains have led to the creation of a stronger middle class and are addressing Romania’s widespread poverty, which continues to be considerably high (with rural poverty double that of urban poverty). While poverty among children has dropped by over 30% since 2003, the risk of relative poverty continues to rise. Some 75% of poor children live in rural areas, where the poverty risk is three times higher than for children living in urban areas. More than one third of these poor children live in agricultural families, with a poverty ratio seven times higher than for children living in families with at least one employee. While poverty among the Roma dropped from 76% in 2003 to 58% in 2006, the poverty risk among the Roma population went from being three times higher in 2003 to four times higher than for the majority population in 2006.Low levels of labour participation and employment, a large rural sector, widening disparities between regions, and high poverty constitute significant bottlenecks to the filtering down of economic growth to vulnerable social groups. Combined with these social dimensions, important and persistent rigidities in economic and social structures are key challenges to improvements for the welfare of vulnerable populations. There continue to be considerable gaps and new challenges regarding the realization of the rights of vulnerable, excluded and discriminated children in Romania. There are still children, especially adolescents, living and/or working on the streets, as well as children victims of trafficking, although Romania is increasingly becoming a transit rather than a source country.
Many of the vulnerable, excluded and discriminated groups of children are linked to the same causes. | https://www.unicef.org/romania/overview.html |
Today, the exhibition RemaxWorld 2019 is held grandly in Zhuhai International Exhibition centre. Professional manufacturers， distributors and MPS providers from all over the world gather to this grand exhibition for the development of modern printing industry.
Zhuhai Aicon Image Co., Ltd exhibit the latest products and services at the show.
Since its establishment in 2006,Aicon Image has participated in important professional exhibitions around the world and accumulated a lot of exhibition experience in export business of printing consumables.
We are warmly welcome our business partners, friends to visit our booth, sharing industrial trends, informing usage feedback and all suggestions on improvement and development.
We wish you all a fruitful and prosperous business in the exhibition. | http://www.iaicon.com/news/216.html |
Smashing plates make mountains curl
Advanced modelling has solved a generations-old geological question, as scientists investigate why long, curvy mountains form near places where tectonic plates smash together.
Geologists have long wondered why giant swirls form during the collision of tectonic plates, and investigations by a team including Monash University researchers may have provided the answer.
Three-dimensional geo-physics models have shown that even for planet Earth, the collision of tectonic plates can be a real shake-up.
Models have shown subduction zones stuttering and reeling from the impact when wayward continental fragments slam into them.
Based on the models, researchers found that part of the slab that is being pushed down into the deep earth sweeps up around behind the collision. This pushes continental material into the mountain belt behind.
Researchers say the 3D models show a characteristic pattern of intense localised heating, volcanic activity and fresh sediments that had been unexplained until now.
The new view explains why curved mountains appear near colliding plates, showing material that has been scraped off one plate and pushed onto another is then dragged into a curved path on the continent.
“The amazing thing about this research is that we can now interpret arcuate [bow-shaped]... geological structures on the continents in a whole new way,” one researcher said.
“We no longer need to envision complex motions and geometries to explain the origins of ancient or modern curved mountain belts.”
The results from this research will help geologists interpret the formation of ancient mountain belts and may prove most useful as a template to interpret regions where preservation of evidence for past collisions is incomplete - a common, and often frustrating, challenge for geologists working in fragmented ancient terrains.
The study has been published online by the journal Nature. | http://www.researchcareer.com.au/archived-news/smashing-plates-make-mountains-curl |
A recent study investigated whether intensive blood pressure control could help prevent dementia in patients with high blood pressure.
Dementia is characterized by a loss of cognitive functioning that interferes with the ability to perform daily activities. Alzheimer’s is the most common form of dementia. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the clinical state between normal age-related cognitive decline and dementia.
In many observational studies, high blood pressure has been identified as a potential risk factor for MCI and dementia, as many Alzheimer patients have damage to their blood vessels. No studies to date have been able to draw conclusive evidence regarding the effects of blood pressure control on dementia risk.
To address this gap in the literature, SPRINT Mind Investigators from the United States conducted the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) to compare the effects of intensive blood pressure control versus standard blood pressure control on the risk of developing dementia. Their results were published in JAMA.
The trial included patients from over a hundred different sites in the United States and Puerto Rico who were older than 50 years age with blood pressure between 130 and 180 mmHg and a high risk of cardiovascular disease. The trial excluded patients with a diagnosis of dementia, diabetes or a history of stroke.
The subjects were randomized to the intensive blood pressure control treatment group (systolic blood pressure target of less than 120 mmHg) or the standard blood pressure control group (systolic blood pressure target of less than 140 mmHg). Cognitive assessments were done at baseline and during follow-up. They first wanted to determine the incidence of probable dementia, and also looked at MCI occurrence and the combined occurrence of MCI or probable dementia.
The SPRINT trial was stopped early after 3.3 years because of the benefits seen with intensive blood pressure control management in cardiovascular disease and death. However, the researchers continued to assess for dementia and MCI development for the full 5 years as originally planned.
Of the 9361 subjects enrolled in the study, 149 subjects in the intensive treatment group were identified as having probable dementia compared to 176 subjects in the standard group. This finding was not statistically significant. On the other hand, the occurrence of mild cognitive impairment was found to be significantly reduced in the intensive blood pressure control treatment group compared to the standard group.
Although mild cognitive impairment is considered a strong risk factor for the development of dementia, it was not a primary outcome of this trial and long-term implications of this result on progression to dementia is still unknown.
Despite the study’s inability to find a significant reduction in dementia risk with a strict blood pressure control target of less than 120 mmHg, it is the first to explore the effects of a modifiable risk factor in dementia prevention.
Currently, there are no treatments to prevent or delay the progression of dementia, which is now the focus of current dementia research. This study paves the way for future studies to investigate potential ways to prevent dementia or slow its progression.
Written by Maggie Leung, PharmD
References: | https://medicalnewsbulletin.com/dementia-prevented-stricter-blood-pressure-control/ |
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