text1
stringlengths
1
270
text2
stringlengths
3
2.46k
label
int64
0
1
idx
int64
0
105k
label_text
stringclasses
2 values
Which animal was shown to have a negative effect on learning behavior due to nutritional deficiencies back in 1951?
Nutritional deficiencies have been shown to have a negative effect on learning behavior in mice as far back as 1951.
0
102,300
entailment
What is a key component of control and preventing asthma attacks?
Avoidance of triggers is a key component of improving control and preventing attacks.
0
102,301
entailment
Who created this group?
Throughout the 1930s, Potter was an advocate of such liberal causes as, women’s rights, access to birth control, "civil divorce laws", and an end to capital punishment.
1
102,302
not entailment
Where is Houston located?
It is the principal city of Houston–
1
102,303
not entailment
Conquests by who began the transformation of the Ottoman sultanate into an Empire?
After conquests in the Balkans by Murad I between 1362 and 1389, the Ottoman sultanate was transformed into a transcontinental empire and claimant to the caliphate.
0
102,304
entailment
Where did parents go to mourn their children?
On Children's Day, June 1, 2008, many parents went to the rubble of schools to mourn for their children.
0
102,305
entailment
Who leaders the sub-divisions of offices or divisions?
The various divisions are further divided into sub-branches, led by deputy assistant directors.
0
102,306
entailment
What minimizes the influence of the Atlantic ocean on Bostons weather?
Prevailing wind patterns that blow offshore minimize the influence of the Atlantic Ocean.
0
102,307
entailment
Which emperor suspended the Fujiwara clan's power?
As the Soga clan had taken control of the throne in the sixth century, the Fujiwara by the ninth century had intermarried with the imperial family, and one of their members was the first head of the Emperor's Private Office.
1
102,308
not entailment
When did John die?
Numerous – probably fictitious – accounts circulated soon after his death that he had been killed by poisoned ale, poisoned plums or a "surfeit of peaches".
1
102,309
not entailment
What did Bell receive from many centers of post-secondary education?
Bell received numerous honorary degrees from colleges and universities, to the point that the requests almost became burdensome.
0
102,310
entailment
What are the ranges of mean precipitation in the Alps?
The mean precipitation in the Alps ranges from a low of 2,600 mm (100 in) per year to 3,600 mm (140 in) per year, with the higher levels occurring at high altitudes.
0
102,311
entailment
What is the liquefied mixture called?
Sometimes diesel oil or kerosene are mixed in before shipping to retain liquidity; upon delivery, these lighter materials are separated out of the mixture.
1
102,312
not entailment
What year did the Ba'ath Party make Freemasonry a felony?
Professor Andrew Prescott of the University of Sheffield writes: "Since at least the time of the Protocols of the Elders of Zion, antisemitism has gone hand in hand with anti-masonry, so it is not surprising that allegations that 11 September was a Zionist plot have been accompanied by suggestions that the attacks were inspired by a masonic world order".
1
102,313
not entailment
What other use did paper capacitors serve in the telecommunications industry?
These materials some decades later were also well-suited for further use as the dielectric for the first capacitors.
1
102,314
not entailment
What bass settings were needed to eliminate hum?
Empirically, and not by any formula, it was learned that the bass end of the audio spectrum below 100 Hz could be boosted somewhat to override system hum and turntable rumble noises.
0
102,315
entailment
What was KU's national law school ranking in 2014?
The University of Kansas School of Law was the top law school in the state of Kansas, and 68th nationally, according to the 2014 U.S. News & World Report "Best Graduate Schools" edition.
0
102,316
entailment
When did the most widespread melting of ice occur?
The ice was being held back by a "thread" of ice about 6 km (4 mi) wide, prior to its collapse on 5 April 2009.
1
102,317
not entailment
Along with the United States, the United Kingdom and France, who formed SEATO?
Ambrose argues that Eisenhower, by not participating in the Geneva agreement, had kept the U.S out of Vietnam; nevertheless, with the formation of SEATO, he had in the end put the U.S. back into the conflict.
1
102,318
not entailment
Where has the providence petrel been seen breeding on Norfolk Island?
The Norfolk Island Group Nepean Island is also home to breeding seabirds.
1
102,319
not entailment
When was the adoption finalized?
The adoption was finalized in May 2008.
0
102,320
entailment
Who is Apollo's son?
The epithet "Smintheus" has historically been confused with σμίνθος, "mouse", in association with Apollo's role as a god of disease.
1
102,321
not entailment
What area has historically been the literary hub of London?
The literary centres of London have traditionally been hilly Hampstead and (since the early 20th century) Bloomsbury.
0
102,322
entailment
Where in Hyderabad would one find defence centres?
It is home to information technology and bio-pharmaceutical companies and to landmarks such as Hyderabad Airport, Osman Sagar, Himayath Sagar and Kasu Brahmananda Reddy National Park.
1
102,323
not entailment
What type of films did Spielberg find early success with?
In a career spanning more than four decades, Spielberg's films have covered many themes and genres.
1
102,324
not entailment
What date did To Kill a Mockingbird begin to circulate?
The book was published on July 11, 1960.
0
102,325
entailment
What happens to amino acids that are left over after the body has converted what it can to glucose?
The amino acids remaining after such conversion are discarded.
0
102,326
entailment
On what date do Jehovah Witnesses believe Jesus Christ began his rule as a king in God's kingdom?
They believe Jesus' presence includes an unknown period beginning with his inauguration as king in heaven in 1914, and ending when he comes to bring a final judgment against humans on earth.
1
102,327
not entailment
Lots of older buildings are supported by what?
Groundwater levels have been dropping, to varying degrees, in many areas of the city, due in part to an increase in the amount of rainwater discharged directly into sewers rather than absorbed by the ground.
1
102,328
not entailment
What is often found sweeping unbroken from floor to ceiling on the interior of Gothic buildings?
In many Gothic churches, particularly in France, and in the Perpendicular period of English Gothic architecture, the treatment of vertical elements in gallery and window tracery creates a strongly unifying feature that counteracts the horizontal divisions of the interior structure.
1
102,329
not entailment
What percentage of the population of the Congo is Boulangui?
The second largest group are the Teke who live to the north of Brazzaville with 17% of the population.
1
102,330
not entailment
After the Human Genome Project, how many genes were encoded on the mitochondrial genome?
Of the human genome, only 1–2% consists of protein-coding genes, with the remainder being 'noncoding' DNA such as introns, retrotransposons, and noncoding RNAs.
1
102,331
not entailment
What was the goal of US and coalition airstrikes in Syria?
The US intervened with airstrikes in Iraq over ISIL held territories and assets in August, and in September a coalition of US and Middle Eastern powers initiated a bombing campaign in Syria aimed at degrading and destroying ISIL and Al-Nusra-held territory.
0
102,332
entailment
How many different combinations of unstressed pronouns are there?
Features include the gender-neutral ho and the great degree of freedom when combining different unstressed pronouns (65 combinations).
0
102,333
entailment
Where would legionaries in the Roman army likely to be sourced from?
The army's higher-level officers and commanders were still drawn exclusively from the Roman aristocracy.
1
102,334
not entailment
What event brought thousands of people to Alaska in the 1890s to early 1910s?
Construction of the Alaska Governor's Mansion began that same year.
1
102,335
not entailment
Along with the United Democratic Party, what party currently rules the Marshall Islands?
Rule is shared by the AKA and the UDP.
0
102,336
entailment
What network broadcast ArenaBowl XXI?
ESPN would televise a minimum of 17 regular season games, most on Monday nights, and nine playoff games, including ArenaBowl XXI on ABC.
0
102,337
entailment
In what year did the Crazy Horse Saloon open?
Other famous Paris music halls include Le Lido, on the Champs-Élysées, opened in 1946; and the Crazy Horse Saloon, featuring strip-tease, dance and magic, opened in 1951.
0
102,338
entailment
For what is Hobby Airport ranked in the top five performing airports?
Hobby Airport has been recognized with two awards for being one of the top five performing airports in the world and for customer service by Airports Council International.
0
102,339
entailment
What was the verdict of the accusation?
Athanasius's first problem lay with Meletius of Lycopolis and his followers, who had failed to abide by the First Council of Nicaea.
1
102,340
not entailment
Freemasonry was linked to scandal in Italy due to what?
In Italy, Freemasonry has become linked to a scandal concerning the Propaganda Due lodge (a.k.a. P2).
0
102,341
entailment
Which person has the most spoken dialogue in the game?
The character of Midna has the most voice acting
0
102,342
entailment
What was created for women as Freemasonry began to spread?
Later organisations with a similar aim emerged in the United States, but distinguished the names of the degrees from those of male masonry.
1
102,343
not entailment
What did Gregor Mendel explain his results in terms of?
Although he did not use the term gene, he explained his results in terms of discrete inherited units that give rise to observable physical characteristics.
0
102,344
entailment
Where did the last Resistance from the White movement occur?
The majority of the fighting ended in 1920 with the defeat of General Pyotr Wrangel in the Crimea, but a notable resistance in certain areas continued until 1923 (e.g., Kronstadt Uprising, Tambov Rebellion, Basmachi Revolt, and the final resistance of the White movement in the Far East).
0
102,345
entailment
How could conscription into military service be avoided?
During the Eastern Han, conscription could be avoided if one paid a commutable tax.
0
102,346
entailment
What year saw the beginning of the Aarohan Theater Group?
The city contains several theaters, including the National Dance Theatre in Kanti Path, the Ganga Theatre, the Himalayan Theatre and the Aarohan Theater Group founded in 1982.
0
102,347
entailment
What famous form of wrestling is native to Mexico?
Mexico City remains the only Latin American city to host the Olympic Games, having held the Summer Olympics in 1968, winning bids against Buenos Aires, Lyon and Detroit.
1
102,348
not entailment
What kingdom was Guinea-Bissau once a part of?
Guinea-Bissau was once part of the kingdom of Gabu, part of the Mali Empire; parts of this kingdom persisted until the 18th century.
0
102,349
entailment
What are the most visited places in the country?
The hill stations of the state are among the most visited places in the country.
0
102,350
entailment
Who excavated ancient Ur?
The last great book written by Leonard Woolley, British archaeologist, excavator of ancient Ur and associate of T.E. Lawrence and Arthur Evans, was The Art of the Middle East, Including Persia, Mesopotamia and Palestine, published in 1961.
0
102,351
entailment
When did the French and British capture the Russian Bomarsund fortress?
In the same month, the Western Allied Baltic Fleet tried to destroy heavily defended Russian dockyards at Sveaborg outside Helsinki.
1
102,352
not entailment
When did the Chinese invade northern Burma?
Although the advance in the Arakan had been halted to release troops and aircraft for the Battle of Imphal, the Americans and Chinese had continued to advance in northern Burma, aided by the Chindits operating against the Japanese lines of communication.
1
102,353
not entailment
How many years are removed from an alcoholic's life expectancy?
Alcohol use is the third leading cause of early death in the United States.
1
102,354
not entailment
Who operates the public libraries in Paris?
The Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF) operates public libraries in Paris, among them the François Mitterrand Library, Richelieu Library, Louvois, Opéra Library, and Arsenal Library.
0
102,355
entailment
What limits excessive torque?
Some applications require bursts of torque beyond the maximum operating torque, such as short bursts of torque to accelerate an electric vehicle from standstill.
1
102,356
not entailment
What personality trait did Feynman acquire from his mother?
The young Feynman was heavily influenced by his father, who encouraged him to ask questions to challenge orthodox thinking, and who was always ready to teach Feynman something new.
1
102,357
not entailment
The principle of absolute monarchy of which group was at odds with those following the Enlightenment?
The Enlightenment included a range of ideas centered on reason as the primary source of authority and legitimacy, and came to advance ideals such as liberty, progress, tolerance, fraternity, constitutional government and ending the abuses of the church and state.
1
102,358
not entailment
In what year did the Ostrogoths settle in the Roman Empire?
In 376, the Ostrogoths, fleeing from the Huns, received permission from Emperor Valens (r. 364–378) to settle in the Roman province of Thracia in the Balkans.
0
102,359
entailment
What is occasionally written with two characters that contain the same radical?
Occasionally a bisyllabic word is written with two characters that contain the same radical, as in 蝴蝶 húdié "butterfly", where both characters have the insect radical 虫.
0
102,360
entailment
What are the natural theories of law that that the English judges in the eighteenth century used?
Therefore, a judge could reject another judge's opinion as simply an incorrect statement of the law, in the way that scientists regularly reject each other's conclusions as incorrect statements of the laws of science.
1
102,361
not entailment
How many people died in the textile factory riots?
Preceding the reform law, in August 1952, communist-led riots broke out at textile factories in Kafr el-Dawwar, leading to a clash with the army that left nine people dead.
0
102,362
entailment
After completing his studies, under whose rule did he become a regular canon?
After he completed his studies, Bishop Martin Bazan and Prior Diego d'Achebes appointed Dominic to the cathedral chapter and he became a regular canon under the Rule of St. Augustine and the Constitutions for the cathedral church of Osma.
0
102,363
entailment
By 2005-06 public expenditure had risen to what?
Public expenditure rose from £10 million in 2001-02 to £12 million in 2005-06 to £28m in 2012-13.
0
102,364
entailment
What is the average snowfall for the city?
Precipitation tends to be the heaviest during the summer months, but most frequent during winter.
1
102,365
not entailment
What is consumed in excessive amounts during Lent?
The main events typically occur during February or early March, during the period historically known as Shrovetide (or Pre-Lent).
1
102,366
not entailment
Which Eastern Nigerian tribe is 98% Christian?
In terms of Nigeria's major ethnic groups, the Hausa ethnic group (predominant in the north) was found to be 95% Muslim and 5% Christian, the Yoruba tribe (predominant in the west) was 55% Muslim, 35% Christian and 10% adherents of other religions, while the Igbos (predominant in the east) and the Ijaw (south) were 98% Christian, with 2% practising traditional religions.
0
102,367
entailment
When does the monsoon season occur in New Delhi?
The climate of New Delhi is a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa) with high variation between summer and winter in terms of both temperature and rainfall.
1
102,368
not entailment
What sign of TB infection would a lab be looking for in a sputum culture?
A chest X-ray and multiple sputum cultures for acid-fast bacilli are typically part of the initial evaluation.
0
102,369
entailment
Who was de Oliveira?
It was designed by architect Alexandre Chan and structural engineer Mário Vila Verde.
1
102,370
not entailment
How is excessive hunting related to the extinction of species?
All these animals have been hunted to endangerment or extinction.
1
102,371
not entailment
Why were sales of the Power Mac G4 Cube slow?
In 2000, Apple released the Power Mac G4 Cube, their first desktop since the discontinued Power Macintosh G3, to slot between the iMac G3 and the Power Mac G4.
1
102,372
not entailment
What year was Queen's third greatest hits album released?
By this point, Queen's vast amount of record sales made them the second best selling artist in the UK of all time, behind the Beatles.
1
102,373
not entailment
How much does a non-subscriber of The Times need to pay to read the online versions?
Since July 2010, News UK has required readers who do not subscribe to the print edition to pay £2 per week to read The Times and The Sunday Times online.
0
102,374
entailment
What was Israel ranked among OECD countries?
In 2012, the country ranked second among OECD countries (tied with Japan and after Canada) for the percentage of 25- to 64-year-olds that have attained tertiary education with 46 percent compared with the OECD average of 32 percent.
0
102,375
entailment
What does mercury make most metals do?
Mercury dissolves many metals, such as gold, silver, and tin, to form amalgams (an alloy in a soft paste, or liquid form at ambient temperature).
0
102,376
entailment
What happened to Edward Oxford to after he was found guilty of high treason?
During Victoria's first pregnancy in 1840, in the first few months of the marriage, 18-year-old Edward Oxford attempted to assassinate her while she was riding in a carriage with Prince Albert on her way to visit her mother.
1
102,377
not entailment
What four Arab countries entered British Mandatory Palestine?
According to Benny Morris, Jews felt that the invading Arab armies aimed to slaughter the Jews.
1
102,378
not entailment
When would you have first found the moving coil microphone?
Eventually, when it was more common for electric recordings to be played back electrically in the 1930s and 1940s, the overall tone was much like listening to a radio of the era.
1
102,379
not entailment
On what Richmond street did General Lee live for a while?
The temporary home of former Confederate General Robert E. Lee still stands on Franklin Street in downtown Richmond.
0
102,380
entailment
Who foreign group conquered Britain around AD 43?
Much of Brittonic-controlled Britain was conquered by the Roman Empire from AD 43.
0
102,381
entailment
What adjective did Choules use to describe the shops of Southampton's High Street?
The shops are very elegant, and the streets are kept exceedingly clean."
0
102,382
entailment
Where was Henry III crowned?
In 1216, Henry III was unable to be crowned in London when he first came to the throne, because the French prince Louis had taken control of the city, and so the king was crowned in Gloucester Cathedral.
0
102,383
entailment
What kind of plant did these early gardeners seek out?
In the gradual process of families improving their immediate environment, useful tree and vine species were identified, protected and improved, whilst undesirable species were eliminated.
0
102,384
entailment
Which state was West Berlin apart of?
From 1957, when the French-occupied Saar Protectorate was returned and formed into the Saarland, the Federal Republic consisted of ten states, which are referred to as the "Old States" today.
1
102,385
not entailment
What use of unmarked cars is controversial?
This practice is controversial, with for example, New York State banning this practice in 1996 on the grounds that it endangered motorists who might be pulled over by people impersonating police officers.
1
102,386
not entailment
Are there any large lakes in Thuringia?
There are no large natural lakes in Thuringia, but it does have some of Germany's biggest dams including the Bleiloch Dam and the Hohenwarte Dam at Saale river same as the Leibis-Lichte Dam and the Goldisthal Pumped Storage Station within the Highland.
0
102,387
entailment
Where is there a deep water berth available on Tuvalu?
Funafuti is the only port but there is a deep-water berth in the harbour at Nukufetau.
0
102,388
entailment
What type of transition was noted from one group to the next?
The 1775 treatise "The Natural Varieties of Mankind", by Johann Friedrich Blumenbach proposed five major divisions: the Caucasoid race, Mongoloid race, Ethiopian race (later termed Negroid, and not to be confused with the narrower Ethiopid race), American Indian race, and Malayan race, but he did not propose any hierarchy among the races.
1
102,389
not entailment
Since when has Iran developed its domestic military infrastructure?
Since the 1979 Revolution, to overcome foreign embargoes, Iran has developed its own military industry, produced its own tanks, armored personnel carriers, guided missiles, submarines, military vessels, guided missile destroyer, radar systems, helicopters and fighter planes.
0
102,390
entailment
When did Espartero rule?
During this period of upheaval in the provinces he declared that all the estates of the Church, its congregations, and its religious orders were national property—though in Valencia, most of this property was subsequently acquired by the local bourgeoisie.
1
102,391
not entailment
When were interceptors like the F-102 Delta Dagger first built?
The interceptor aircraft (or simply interceptor) is a type of fighter aircraft designed specifically to intercept and destroy enemy aircraft, particularly bombers, usually relying on high speed and altitude capabilities.
1
102,392
not entailment
Name its northwestern coastal area.
The coastal areas are mostly an alternate series of rías (submerged valleys where the sea penetrates tens of kilometres inland) and cliffs.
1
102,393
not entailment
A combination computer/LD player was comissioned by what government entity?
Many of these were sold as surplus by the military during the 1990s, often without the controller software.
1
102,394
not entailment
What is the name of the orgination who is striving to get all the countries on the same path with primary education?
For All programs driven by UNESCO, most countries have committed to achieving universal enrollment in primary education by 2015, and in many countries, it is compulsory.
0
102,395
entailment
The concept of native title was established by what court case?
In the case of indigenous Australians, unlike with the Māori of New Zealand, no treaty was ever entered into with the indigenous peoples entitling the Europeans to land ownership, under the doctrine of terra nullius (later overturned by Mabo v Queensland, establishing the concept of native title well after colonization was already a fait accompli).
0
102,396
entailment
What process causes changes in plant cells?
A single fertilized egg cell, the zygote, gives rise to the many different plant cell types including parenchyma, xylem vessel elements, phloem sieve tubes, guard cells of the epidermis, etc.
1
102,397
not entailment
With what is royal assent sometimes associated with?
Royal assent is sometimes associated with elaborate ceremonies.
0
102,398
entailment
How would you convey that something is "presently of importance" in Swedish?
For example, the English actual should not be confused with the cognate French actuel ("present", "current"), the Polish aktualny ("present", "current," "topical," "timely," "feasible"), the Swedish aktuell ("topical", "presently of importance"), the Russian актуальный ("urgent", "topical") or the Dutch actueel.
0
102,399
entailment