text1
stringlengths 1
270
| text2
stringlengths 3
2.46k
| label
int64 0
1
| idx
int64 0
105k
| label_text
stringclasses 2
values |
---|---|---|---|---|
Which cultures claim to be a dominant source of Bermuda's cultural heritage? | Due to 160 years of immigration from Portuguese Atlantic islands (primarily the Azores, though also from Madeira and the Cape Verde Islands), a portion of the population also speaks Portuguese. | 1 | 102,600 | not entailment |
Who did the Cubs hire in response to Jim Hendry's promotion? | The club responded by hiring Dusty Baker and by making some major moves in '03. | 0 | 102,601 | entailment |
Why does South London have such a high number of railways? | South London, particularly, has a high concentration of railways as it has fewer Underground lines. | 0 | 102,602 | entailment |
From where do zygotes derive their genetic information? | Zygotes require genetic information from their parental germ cells, and at every speciation event, heritable traits that have enabled its ancestor to survive and reproduce successfully are passed down along with new traits that could be potentially beneficial to the offspring. | 0 | 102,603 | entailment |
Who said IP failures may infringe on human rights to food and health? | According to the Committee, when systems fail to do so they risk infringing upon the human right to food and health, and to cultural participation and scientific benefits. | 1 | 102,604 | not entailment |
What company was first to create a means of connecting the iPod to an automobile? | BMW released the first iPod automobile interface, allowing drivers of newer BMW vehicles to control an iPod using either the built-in steering wheel controls or the radio head-unit buttons. | 0 | 102,605 | entailment |
Who recommended that the two princesses be evacuated to Canada? | From February to May 1940, they lived at Royal Lodge, Windsor, until moving to Windsor Castle, where they lived for most of the next five years. | 1 | 102,606 | not entailment |
How are people defined as "black" or "white"? | The US racial or ethnic classification "black" refers to people with all possible kinds of skin pigmentation, from the darkest through to the very lightest skin colors, including albinos, if they are believed by others to have West African ancestry (in any discernible percentage), or to exhibit cultural traits associated with being "African American". | 1 | 102,607 | not entailment |
When did Destiny's Child end their group act? | Sasha Fierce (2008), which saw the birth of her alter-ego Sasha Fierce and earned a record-setting six Grammy Awards in 2010, including Song of the Year for "Single Ladies | 1 | 102,608 | not entailment |
Who are the only players allowed to touch the ball with their hands? | Outfield players mostly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, but may also use their head or torso to do so instead. | 1 | 102,609 | not entailment |
In agreement with NATO members, the US Air Force and which country has created tactics for air defence suppression? | It is an arms race; as better jamming, countermeasures and anti-radiation weapons are developed, so are better SAM systems with ECCM capabilities and the ability to shoot down anti-radiation missiles and other munitions aimed at them or the targets they are defending. | 1 | 102,610 | not entailment |
Who is usually included in stories? | The stories usually contain characters like faces and heels, and less often antiheroes and tweeners. | 0 | 102,611 | entailment |
What were two of the last territories Portugal gave up? | It was one of the last western colonial European powers to give up its overseas territories (among them Angola and Mozambique in 1975), turning over the administration of Macau to the People's Republic of China at the end of 1999. | 0 | 102,612 | entailment |
Which former Fed Chair confessed in Congressional testimony to being forced to return to lax monetary supply? | The financial crisis was not widely predicted by mainstream economists except Raghuram Rajan, who instead spoke of the Great Moderation. | 1 | 102,613 | not entailment |
Half of the top earners were mostly in what field? | An investigation by ProPublica found that at least 21 doctors have been paid more than $500,000 for speeches and consulting by drugs manufacturers since 2009, with half of the top earners working in psychiatry, and about $2 billion in total paid to doctors for such services. | 0 | 102,614 | entailment |
Which which university is Fred Donner affiliated? | University of Chicago professor Fred Donner states that "...there was a very early attempt to establish a uniform consonantal text of the Qurʾān from what was probably a wider and more varied group of related texts in early transmission. | 0 | 102,615 | entailment |
Who was the first emperor of the Ming dynasty? | The first emperor of the Ming dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang (the Hongwu Emperor), who overthrew the Yuan dynasty, renamed the city Yingtian, rebuilt it, and made it the dynastic capital in 1368. | 0 | 102,616 | entailment |
How many tribes were considered to be in the Comitia Tributa? | The order that the thirty-five tribes would vote in was selected randomly by lot. | 1 | 102,617 | not entailment |
When was the last year of Mithridates the Great's reign? | Mithridates the Great was the ruler of Pontus, a large kingdom in Asia Minor (modern Turkey), from 120 to 63 BC. | 0 | 102,618 | entailment |
How long since the Sichuan area has had a severe quake? | Following the quake, experts and the general public sought information on whether or not the earthquake could have been predicted in advance, and whether or not studying statistics related to the quake could result in better prediction of earthquakes in the future. | 1 | 102,619 | not entailment |
Who did Harper Lee become childhood friends with? | Born in 1926, Harper Lee grew up in the Southern town of Monroeville, Alabama, where she became close friends with soon-to-be famous writer Truman Capote. | 0 | 102,620 | entailment |
What is the earliest sighting of Chopin in Polish Literature? | Chopin has figured extensively in Polish literature, both in serious critical studies of his life and music and in fictional treatments. | 1 | 102,621 | not entailment |
Northern Greece inland features what type of climate? | The mountainous areas of Northwestern Greece (parts of Epirus, Central Greece, Thessaly, Western Macedonia) as well as in the mountainous central parts of Peloponnese – including parts of the regional units of Achaea, Arcadia and Laconia – feature an Alpine climate with heavy snowfalls. | 1 | 102,622 | not entailment |
What is the criteria for copyright? | All the notes accounting for the analysis and why and how such changes have been made represent a different work autonomously copyrightable if the other requirements are satisfied. | 1 | 102,623 | not entailment |
What did da Vinci advise when your experience contradicted authority? | Machiavelli in particular was scornful of writers on politics who judged everything in comparison to mental ideals and demanded that people should study the "effectual truth" instead. | 1 | 102,624 | not entailment |
How large is the Gateway National recreation Area in hectares? | Gateway National Recreation Area contains over 26,000 acres (10,521.83 ha) in total, most of it surrounded by New York City, including the Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge in Brooklyn and Queens, over 9,000 acres (36 km2) of salt marsh, islands, and water, including most of Jamaica Bay. | 0 | 102,625 | entailment |
What was the fist song released by Kelly Clarkson after winning American Idol? | In what was to become a tradition, Clarkson performed the coronation song during the finale, and released the song immediately after the season ended. | 1 | 102,626 | not entailment |
Which countries use the term chancellor to denote the head of government? | The convention in the English language is to call nearly all national heads of government "prime minister" (sometimes modified to the equivalent term of premier), regardless of the correct title of the head of government as applied in his or her respective country. | 1 | 102,627 | not entailment |
In 1840, about how many African-Americans lived in New York City? | Under such influential United States founders as Alexander Hamilton and John Jay, the New York Manumission Society worked for abolition and established the African Free School to educate black children. | 1 | 102,628 | not entailment |
What aspects of a building were considered part of the larger concept of function? | "Function" came to be seen as encompassing all criteria of the use, perception and enjoyment of a building, not only practical but also aesthetic, psychological and cultural. | 0 | 102,629 | entailment |
What type of factor calculation can be used to find out how much daylight is received in a internal space. | Artificial lighting takes into account the amount of daylight received in an internal space by using Daylight factor calculation. | 0 | 102,630 | entailment |
Who dedicated his 1915 piano Études to Chopin? | Debussy dedicated his own 1915 piano Études to the memory of Chopin; he frequently played Chopin's music during his studies at the Paris Conservatoire, and undertook the editing of Chopin's piano music for the publisher Jacques Durand. | 0 | 102,631 | entailment |
When did Congress secure an absolute majority? | Virbhadra Singh who has held the top office in Himachal five times in the past, was administered the oath of office and secrecy by Governor Urmila Singh at an open ceremony at the historic Ridge Maidan in Shimla. | 1 | 102,632 | not entailment |
How many people died in the Oklahoma City Bombing? | In 1995, Oklahoma City was the site of one of the most destructive acts of domestic terrorism in American history. | 1 | 102,633 | not entailment |
What was Houston the first city to do regain after the recession caused job loss? | Furthermore, Jankowski stated that "more than 100 foreign-owned companies relocated, expanded or started new businesses in Houston" between 2008 and 2010, and this openness to external business boosted job creation during a period when domestic demand was problematically low. | 1 | 102,634 | not entailment |
What industry was monopolized by the government in 98 BC? | By 110 BC Emperor Wu also interfered with the profitable trade in grain when he eliminated speculation by selling government-stored grain at a lower price than demanded by merchants. | 1 | 102,635 | not entailment |
Why does the United Nations question the Human rights status of Cyprus? | " The constant focus on the division of the island can sometimes mask other human rights issues.[citation needed] | 1 | 102,636 | not entailment |
Along with dogcatcher, what political job did Eisenhower specifically not want to be considered for? | Believing that a general should not participate in politics, one author later wrote that "figuratively speaking, [Eisenhower] kicked his political-minded visitor out of his office". | 1 | 102,637 | not entailment |
Who paid £15 million to transfer Alan Shearer to their club? | Prior to the start of the first Premier League season Alan Shearer became the first British player to command a transfer fee of more than £3 million. | 1 | 102,638 | not entailment |
What major river is located in Paris? | Paris is located in the north-bending arc of the river Seine and includes two islands, the Île Saint-Louis and the larger Île de la Cité, which form the oldest part of the city. | 0 | 102,639 | entailment |
How were record album covers intended to be stored? | The covers of these bound books were wider and taller than the records inside, allowing the record album to be placed on a shelf upright, like a book, suspending the fragile records above the shelf and protecting them. | 0 | 102,640 | entailment |
What creations brought in the modern industrial economy? | The creation of a modern industrial economy took place. | 1 | 102,641 | not entailment |
How many cannons did Napoleon's army capture in the Italian campaign? | In this Italian campaign, Bonaparte's army captured 150,000 prisoners, 540 cannons, and 170 standards. | 0 | 102,642 | entailment |
The Forth Thieves and Roach Guards were two gangs that operated in what area of New York in the 1820s? | Organized crime has long been associated with New York City, beginning with the Forty Thieves and the Roach Guards in the Five Points in the 1820s. | 0 | 102,643 | entailment |
What are some of the reasons for a party's failure? | Sometimes, political, social and economic circumstances, and public opinion are the reason for others parties' failure. | 0 | 102,644 | entailment |
Why did the Popes of the middle ages wear red? | Beginning in the Middle Ages, the Pope and Cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church wore red to symbolize the blood of Christ and the Christian martyrs. | 0 | 102,645 | entailment |
What empire were the controlled lands surrounding Constantinople formerly controlled by? | The empire had managed to control nearly all former Byzantine lands surrounding the city, but in 1402 the Byzantines were temporarily relieved when the Turco-Mongol leader Timur, founder of the Timurid Empire, invaded Anatolia from the east. | 0 | 102,646 | entailment |
Who promotes the use of racially categorized data in the United States? | In the United States, federal government policy promotes the use of racially categorized data to identify and address health disparities between racial or ethnic groups. | 0 | 102,647 | entailment |
Who was Ryan Seacrests co-host in the first season of American Idol? | It was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman. | 0 | 102,648 | entailment |
Was America at war when Japan attacked Pearl Harbor? | At the time of the attack, the U.S. was not officially at war anywhere in the world, which means that the people killed or property destroyed at Pearl Harbor by the Japanese attack had a non-combatant status.[nb 11] | 0 | 102,649 | entailment |
What was the population of the urban area of Paris in 2012 without a fixed residence? | In 2012 the Paris agglomeration (urban area) counted 28,800 people without a fixed residence, an increase of 84 percent since 2001; it represents 43 percent of the homeless in all of France. | 0 | 102,650 | entailment |
What instrument did Chopin play at Adolphe Nourrit's funeral? | On 26 July 1840 Chopin and Sand were present at the dress rehearsal of Berlioz's Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale, composed to commemorate the tenth anniversary of the July Revolution. | 1 | 102,651 | not entailment |
Which two areas in the British Isles hasn't experienced a large population growth in the last one hundred years? | The population of England rose rapidly during the 19th and 20th centuries whereas the populations of Scotland and Wales have shown little increase during the 20th century, with the population of Scotland remaining unchanged since 1951. | 0 | 102,652 | entailment |
On what Avenue is a southbound exit and entrance to the Harlem River Drive? | After an interruption from St. Nicholas Park and City College, there is another small stretch of West 132nd Street between Broadway and Twelfth Avenue | 1 | 102,653 | not entailment |
What did von Bredow's Pyrrhic victory become known as? | The attack was a costly success and came to be known as "von Bredow's Death Ride", which was held to prove that cavalry charges could still prevail on the battlefield. | 0 | 102,654 | entailment |
How much did the parliament lease British india for to EIC (the lease was for two years)? | It introduced substantial governmental control and allowed British India to be formally under the control of the Crown, but leased back to the Company at £40,000 for two years. | 0 | 102,655 | entailment |
During transmission does the electric field wave move closer to the antenna? | These time-varying fields radiate away from the antenna into space as a moving transverse electromagnetic field wave. | 0 | 102,656 | entailment |
Portuguese primary school enrollment is close to what percent? | Portuguese primary school enrollments are close to 100 percent. | 0 | 102,657 | entailment |
What plays a secondary part in Catalan? | Like all the Romance languages, Catalan verbal inflection is more complex than the nominal. | 1 | 102,658 | not entailment |
When did Cardinals stop wearing purple or blue capes? | Until the 1460s, it was customary for cardinals to wear a violet or blue cape unless granted the privilege of wearing red when acting on papal business. | 0 | 102,659 | entailment |
Where did the US Army 419th and 601st relocate to as part of the Antwerp X project? | The 419th and 601st Antiaircraft Gun Battalions of the US Army were first allocated to the Folkestone-Dover coast to defend London, and then moved to Belgium to become part of the "Antwerp X" project. | 0 | 102,660 | entailment |
Besides being the official language and language of education, what other group uses Catalan? | There is no parallel in Europe of such a large, bilingual, non-state speech community. | 1 | 102,661 | not entailment |
Who was the German translator that Darwin welcomed for On the Origin of Species? | Darwin's attempts to find a translator in France fell through, and the translation by Clémence Royer published in 1862 added an introduction praising Darwin's ideas as an alternative to religious revelation and promoting ideas anticipating social Darwinism and eugenics, as well as numerous explanatory notes giving her own answers to doubts that Darwin expressed. | 1 | 102,662 | not entailment |
How many seasons did the first television rights contract award to Sky? | The first Sky television rights agreement was worth £304 million over five seasons. | 0 | 102,663 | entailment |
What type of framework was Divan poetry based on? | The vast majority of Divan poetry was lyric in nature: either gazels (which make up the greatest part of the repertoire of the tradition), or kasîdes. | 1 | 102,664 | not entailment |
What country covers treatment for tuberculosis for its citizens? | Lack of progress eradicating the disease may also be due to lack of patient follow-up – as among the 250M rural migrants in China. | 1 | 102,665 | not entailment |
When did Darwin's concept of evolution become widely believed and central to the modern theory of evolution? | Within two decades there was widespread scientific agreement that evolution, with a branching pattern of common descent, had occurred, but scientists were slow to give natural selection the significance that Darwin thought appropriate. | 1 | 102,666 | not entailment |
In addition to Stop & Shop, what new supermarket is located one block from the Green and is poised to serve the growing downtown population? | In addition, downtown's growing residential population will be served by two new supermarkets, a Stop & Shop just outside downtown and Elm City Market located one block from the Green. | 0 | 102,667 | entailment |
Where does Greece's coastline place in world rankings? | Due to its highly indented coastline and numerous islands, Greece has the 11th longest coastline in the world with 13,676 km (8,498 mi); its land boundary is 1,160 km (721 mi). | 0 | 102,668 | entailment |
Cubism revolutionized the way things could be seen in art how? | They represented all the surfaces of depicted objects in a single picture plane, as if the objects had all their faces visible at the same time. | 0 | 102,669 | entailment |
What is the Russian back-transliteration from Encyclopædia Britannica? | Even in the Encyclopædia Britannica one can find "ostrov Khiuma", where "ostrov" means "island" in Russian and "Khiuma" is back-transliteration from Russian instead of "Hiiumaa" (Hiiumaa > Хийума(а) > Khiuma). | 0 | 102,670 | entailment |
In what years did Matthias Corvinus reign as King of Hungary? | After the death of Matthew, and with end of the Black Army, the Ottoman Empire grew in strength and Central Europe was defenseless. | 1 | 102,671 | not entailment |
Some species of moths and insects show evidence of what? | Some of the species of moths and insects show evidence of having been indigenous to the area from as long ago as the Alpine orogeny. | 0 | 102,672 | entailment |
How many days after gay marriage was legalized were gay marriages allowed to take place? | The New York metropolitan area is home to a self-identifying gay and bisexual community estimated at 568,903 individuals, the largest in the United States and one of the world's largest. | 1 | 102,673 | not entailment |
What was the major loss for Prussia at Hochkirch? | Frederick lost much of his artillery but retreated in good order, helped by dense woods. | 0 | 102,674 | entailment |
Who gave cardinals the right to elect the pope under the Papal Bull In nomine Domini? | For a time this power was assigned exclusively to the cardinal bishops, but the Third Lateran Council in 1179 gave back the right to the whole body of cardinals. | 1 | 102,675 | not entailment |
Which baseball stadium is found at Notre Dame? | Also, there are many outdoor fields, as the Frank Eck Stadium for baseball. | 0 | 102,676 | entailment |
Muslims accounted for what amount of the population of the Empire in the 1820s? | The proportion of Muslims amounted to 60% in the 1820s, gradually increasing to 69% in the 1870s and then to 76% in the 1890s. | 0 | 102,677 | entailment |
What process does RIBA use in its accreditation system? | In addition to the Architects Registration Board, the RIBA provides accreditation to architecture schools in the UK under a course validation procedure. | 0 | 102,678 | entailment |
Where did Circassians settle to when leaving their homes in the Caucasus? | Toward the end of the Caucasian Wars, 90% of the Circassians were ethnically cleansed and exiled from their homelands in the Caucasus and fled to the Ottoman Empire, resulting in the settlement of 500,000 to 700,000 Circassians in Turkey.[page needed] | 0 | 102,679 | entailment |
Who was the star voice actor of Afro Samurai? | Due to its popularity, Afro Samurai was adopted into a full feature animated film and also became titles on gaming consoles such as the PlayStation 3 and Xbox. | 1 | 102,680 | not entailment |
What is the estimated number of slaves that were transported each year? | It has been estimated that from the 10th to 19th centuries some 6,000 to 7,000 slaves were transported north each year. | 0 | 102,681 | entailment |
What item could be learned to gain salvation? | Though the reformers were concerned with ecclesiology (the doctrine of how the church as a body works), they had a different understanding of the process in which truths in scripture were applied to life of believers, compared to the Catholics' idea that certain people within the church, or ideas that were old enough, had a special status in giving understanding of the text. | 1 | 102,682 | not entailment |
Eavesdropping on a closed system via the faint electro-magnetic trasmissions generated by the hardware has been referred to as what by the NSA? | Even machines that operate as a closed system (i.e., with no contact to the outside world) can be eavesdropped upon via monitoring the faint electro-magnetic transmissions generated by the hardware; TEMPEST is a specification by the NSA referring to these attacks. | 0 | 102,683 | entailment |
An ARM architecture computer can be found in what? | For instance, an ARM architecture computer (such as may be found in a PDA or a hand-held videogame) cannot understand the machine language of an Intel Pentium or the AMD Athlon 64 computer that might be in a PC. | 0 | 102,684 | entailment |
Who granted Imperial degree-awarding powers? | In 2003 Imperial was granted degree-awarding powers in its own right by the Privy Council. | 0 | 102,685 | entailment |
How many universities does London boast? | London's 43 universities form the largest concentration of higher education institutes in Europe, and a 2014 report placed it first in the world university rankings. | 0 | 102,686 | entailment |
What was a key political topic in the 1950s and 1960s? | Menzies was firmly anti-Communist; he committed troops to the Korean War and attempted to ban the Communist Party of Australia in an unsuccessful referendum during the course of that war. | 1 | 102,687 | not entailment |
At which cathedral is the pointed arch used to match the heights of transverse and diagonal vaults? | Contrary to the diffusionist theory, it appears that there was simultaneously a structural evolution towards the pointed arch, for the purpose of vaulting spaces of irregular plan, or to bring transverse vaults to the same height as diagonal vaults. | 1 | 102,688 | not entailment |
In 2000, what was the earliest Welsh and English pubs could open on Sundays? | In addition, many cities had by-laws to allow some pubs to extend opening hours to midnight or 1 am, whilst nightclubs had long been granted late licences to serve alcohol into the morning. | 1 | 102,689 | not entailment |
Who required no restrictions regarding God's power? | Speculation that even God could not create a vacuum if he wanted to was shut down[clarification needed] by the 1277 Paris condemnations of Bishop Etienne Tempier, which required there to be no restrictions on the powers of God, which led to the conclusion that God could create a vacuum if he so wished. | 0 | 102,690 | entailment |
Mixed media and what else are becoming popular for making comics? | Cartooning techniques such as motion lines and abstract symbols are often employed. | 1 | 102,691 | not entailment |
Why did Encyclopedias and dictionaries become more popular during the Age of Reason? | The historian Charles Porset, commenting on alphabetization, has said that "as the zero degree of taxonomy, alphabetical order authorizes all reading strategies; in this respect it could be considered an emblem of the Enlightenment." | 1 | 102,692 | not entailment |
Which river is the eastern edge of the South Bronx? | The Bronx River more consistently forms an eastern boundary. | 0 | 102,693 | entailment |
Along with "daylight saving" and "daylight savings," what alternate form does Merriam-Webster's include? | Merriam-Webster's also lists the forms daylight saving (without "time"), daylight savings (without "time"), and daylight time. | 0 | 102,694 | entailment |
What is a something that determines the size of thermal mass? | Historically they have been used in arid climates or warm temperate regions to keep buildings cool by absorbing solar energy during the day and radiating stored heat to the cooler atmosphere at night. | 0 | 102,695 | entailment |
What is the main defense of human body against eye infections? | Most bacteria have the gram-negative cell wall, and only the Firmicutes and Actinobacteria have the alternative gram-positive arrangement. | 1 | 102,696 | not entailment |
In what year did Salazar view the Marshall Islands? | Spanish explorer Alonso de Salazar was the first European to see the islands in 1526, commanding the ship Santa Maria de la Victoria, the only surviving vessel of the Loaísa Expedition. | 0 | 102,697 | entailment |
Can IRENE read vertically modulated information? | IRENE will retrieve the information from a laterally modulated monaural grooved sound source without touching the medium itself, but cannot read vertically modulated information. | 0 | 102,698 | entailment |
Who were three Chicago blues players who influenced hard rock? | In contrast, hard rock was most often derived from blues rock and was played louder and with more intensity. | 1 | 102,699 | not entailment |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.