text1
stringlengths 1
270
| text2
stringlengths 3
2.46k
| label
int64 0
1
| idx
int64 0
105k
| label_text
stringclasses 2
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
When was the Doha Declaration adopted? | Patents have been criticized in the developing world, as they are thought to reduce access to existing medicines. | 1 | 10,700 | not entailment |
Various research traditions are using what lens to examine phenomena? | The implications are multiple as various research traditions are now[when?] | 1 | 10,701 | not entailment |
What names were used in the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814? | In 1815 it was rejoined with the Austrian Netherlands, Luxembourg and Liège (the "Southern provinces") to become the Kingdom of the Netherlands, informally known as the Kingdom of the United Netherlands, to create a strong buffer state north of France. | 1 | 10,702 | not entailment |
Which World Cup did Brasilia host? | The city was one of the main host cities of the 2014 FIFA World Cup. | 0 | 10,703 | entailment |
With which crowd did the 45 rpm gain popularity? | The 78 rpm was overtaken in popularity by the 45 rpm in the late 1950s, as teenagers became increasingly affluent. | 0 | 10,704 | entailment |
How much of the world's population did the British Empire rule in 1922? | By 1922 the British Empire held sway over about 458 million people, one-fifth of the world's population at the time, and covered more than 13,000,000 sq mi (33,670,000 km2), almost a quarter of the Earth's total land area. | 0 | 10,705 | entailment |
What variables help the photographer produce the desired effect? | Film speed is used in the exposure equations to find the appropriate exposure parameters. | 1 | 10,706 | not entailment |
Who announced this would be his final year as a judge? | Both judges Mariah Carey and Nicki Minaj also decided to leave after one season to focus on their music careers. | 1 | 10,707 | not entailment |
Who was a Sichuan school teacher? | He was ordered to serve one year of re-education through labor (RTL). | 1 | 10,708 | not entailment |
What technology helped the downfall of samurai? | Prior to that only a few harbor towns, under strict control from the Shogunate, were allowed to participate in Western trade, and even then, it was based largely on the idea of playing the Franciscans and Dominicans off against one another (in exchange for the crucial arquebus technology, which in turn was a major contributor to the downfall of the classical samurai). | 0 | 10,709 | entailment |
What is it called when the owner of a pub allows patrons to remain when the pub should have closed? | Patrons may put money behind the bar before official closing time, and redeem their drinks during the lock-in so no drinks are technically sold after closing time. | 1 | 10,710 | not entailment |
Who was eliminated in the Top 4 show? | Chris Daughtry's performance of Fuel's "Hemorrhage ( | 0 | 10,711 | entailment |
Why did the Russians strip their warships of their guns? | The Russians were reduced to scuttling their warships as blockships, after stripping them of their guns and men to reinforce batteries on shore. | 0 | 10,712 | entailment |
What did Lebanese pro-Nasser groups want? | Nasser did not covet Lebanon, seeing it as a "special case", but sought to prevent Chamoun from a second presidential term. | 1 | 10,713 | not entailment |
Does vinyl record maintain any popularity? | In spite of their flaws, such as the lack of portability, records still have enthusiastic supporters. | 0 | 10,714 | entailment |
Who was the fortune hunter engaged to Sand's daughter? | As the composer's illness progressed, Sand had become less of a lover and more of a nurse to Chopin, whom she called her "third child". | 1 | 10,715 | not entailment |
When did Kerry and his wife divorce? | After 14 years as a political wife, I associated politics only with anger, fear and loneliness" she wrote in A Change of Heart, her book about depression. | 1 | 10,716 | not entailment |
Along with slaves, who was sent to work in cinnabar mines in Rome? | Working in the mines was extremely dangerous, since mercury is highly toxic; the miners were slaves or prisoners, and being sent to the cinnabar mines was a virtual death sentence. | 0 | 10,717 | entailment |
Who married Stratonice? | In 255 B.C., Ariarathes III took the title of king and married Stratonice, a daughter of Antiochus II, remaining an ally of the Seleucid kingdom. | 0 | 10,718 | entailment |
What periodical called Richmond "The Next Great American Food City"? | Also in 2014, Southern Living magazine named three Richmond restaurants – Comfort, Heritage and The Roosevelt – among its "100 Best Restaurants in the South", while Metzger Bar & Butchery made its "Best New Restaurants: 12 To Watch" list. | 1 | 10,719 | not entailment |
Under the guidance of Generals Van Fleet and Ridgway, joint forces were able to achieve what goal? | Further attacks slowly depleted the PVA and KPA forces; Operations Courageous (23–28 March 1951) and Tomahawk (23 March 1951) were a joint ground and airborne infilltration meant to trap Chinese forces between Kaesong and Seoul. | 0 | 10,720 | entailment |
What is the literacy rate of Hyderabad? | Literacy stands at 82.96% (male 85.96%; female 79.79%), higher than the national average of 74.04%. | 0 | 10,721 | entailment |
Why were 45s more popular with jukeboxes? | EP discs were cheaper to produce, and were used in cases where unit sales were likely to be more limited or to reissue LP albums on the smaller format for those people who had only 45 rpm players. | 1 | 10,722 | not entailment |
What sort of DNA repair is created by modern genetic engineering techniques? | The related term synthetic biology is sometimes used to refer to extensive genetic engineering of an organism. | 1 | 10,723 | not entailment |
What was used in the construction of modern aircraft? | Although an explanation for the phenomenon was not provided until 1919, duralumin was one of the first "age hardening" alloys to be used, and was soon followed by many others. | 0 | 10,724 | entailment |
Which pramanas is understanding of experts? | Ancient and medieval Hindu texts identify six pramāṇas as correct means of accurate knowledge and truths: pratyakṣa (perception), anumāṇa (inference), upamāṇa (comparison and analogy), arthāpatti (postulation, derivation from circumstances), anupalabdi (non-perception, negative/cognitive proof) and śabda (word, testimony of past or present reliable experts) | 0 | 10,725 | entailment |
Before which year were the Sana'a manuscripts produced? | Studies using radiocarbon dating indicate that the parchments are dated to the period before 671 AD with a 99 percent probability. | 0 | 10,726 | entailment |
How old was Bell when he went to Canada? | In 1870, at age 23, Bell, his brother's widow, Caroline (Margaret Ottaway), and his parents travelled on the SS Nestorian to Canada. | 0 | 10,727 | entailment |
Who were extreme empiricists? | In the extreme empiricism of the neopositivists—at least before the 1930s—any genuinely synthetic assertion must be reducible to an ultimate assertion (or set of ultimate assertions) that expresses direct observations or perceptions. | 0 | 10,728 | entailment |
What is the definition of Command and Control in the Air Force operations? | Command and control is "the exercise of authority and direction by a properly designated commander over assigned and attached forces in the accomplishment of the mission. | 0 | 10,729 | entailment |
What is usually removed in female dogs to prevent pregnancy? | Neutering refers to the sterilization of animals, usually by removal of the male's testicles or the female's ovaries and uterus, in order to eliminate the ability to procreate and reduce sex drive. | 0 | 10,730 | entailment |
Who duplicated Alcock and Brown flight in 2005? | St. John's was the starting point for the first non-stop transatlantic aircraft flight, by Alcock and Brown in a modified Vickers Vimy IV bomber, in June 1919, departing from Lester's Field in St. John's and ending in a bog near Clifden, Connemara, Ireland. | 1 | 10,731 | not entailment |
What does "nihil in intellectu nisi prius fuerit in sensu" mean? | Aristotle was considered to give a more important position to sense perception than Plato, and commentators in the Middle Ages summarized one of his positions as "nihil in intellectu nisi prius fuerit in sensu" (Latin for "nothing in the intellect without first being in the senses"). | 0 | 10,732 | entailment |
Was is guaranteed that a first born son would receive all of the family's fortune? | Apart from the passing of noble titles or ranks, inheritance practices did not involve primogeniture; each son received an equal share of the family property. | 0 | 10,733 | entailment |
What was presented at the ELEXCON fair in 2009? | At the China High-Tech Fair ELEXCON of November 2009 in Shenzhen, a BeiDou terminal priced at CN¥3,000RMB was presented. | 0 | 10,734 | entailment |
Which society organized The Great Exhibition? | Albert insisted the Great Exhibition surplus should be used as a home for culture and education for everyone. | 1 | 10,735 | not entailment |
Why did Kim's war plan need revising? | Stalin agreed to this change of plan. | 1 | 10,736 | not entailment |
When did China begin constructing the third BeiDou system? | In-mid 2015, China started the build-up of the third generation BeiDou system (BDS-3) in the global coverage constellation. | 0 | 10,737 | entailment |
When was Nanjing re-established as the capital of the Republic of China? | The following decade is known as the Nanking decade. | 1 | 10,738 | not entailment |
Where is eating insects considered taboo? | According to cultural materialist anthropologist Marvin Harris, the eating of insects is taboo in cultures that have other protein sources such as fish or livestock. | 1 | 10,739 | not entailment |
Who opened the first Lodge in Iraq? | However, the position changed following the revolution, and all lodges were forced to close in 1965. | 1 | 10,740 | not entailment |
How often do temperatures on the coastal plain of NC drop below freezing at night? | The climate of the coastal plain is influenced by the Atlantic Ocean, which keeps conditions mild in winter and moderate, although humid, in summer. | 1 | 10,741 | not entailment |
What English born architect designed the Old Montreal Custom House? | The Grange, for example, a manor built in Toronto, was built in 1817. | 1 | 10,742 | not entailment |
What kind of government is in operation in the United Kingdom? | In the UK, where devolved government is in place, the leaders of the Scottish, Northern Irish and Welsh Governments are styled First Minister. | 0 | 10,743 | entailment |
What against did Metzinger and Gleizes write Du "Cubsime"? | It was against this background of public anger that Jean Metzinger and Albert Gleizes wrote Du "Cubisme" (published by Eugène Figuière in 1912, translated to English and Russian in 1913). | 0 | 10,744 | entailment |
What does the Constitution establish of all Eritrean languages? | Modern Standard Arabic and English serve as de facto working languages, with the latter used in university education and many technical fields. | 1 | 10,745 | not entailment |
What country underwent a political coup that made it part of the Third Reich? | The Swiss Confederate mobilized its troops—the country follows the doctrine of "armed neutrality" with all males required to have military training—a number that General Eisenhower estimated to be about 850,000. | 1 | 10,746 | not entailment |
How many people were killed in the Cairo riots? | On 25 January 1952, a confrontation between British forces and police at Ismailia resulted in the deaths of 40 Egyptian policemen, provoking riots in Cairo the next day which left 76 people dead. | 0 | 10,747 | entailment |
Who was the mayor for the city in the late 90s? | When John DeStefano, Jr., became mayor of New Haven in 1995, he outlined a plan to transform the city into a major cultural and arts center in the Northeast, which involved investments in programs and projects other than sports franchises. | 0 | 10,748 | entailment |
Between 1939 and 1949, how many military officers and personnel were trained on the Evanston and Chicago campuses? | Franklyn B. Snyder led the university from 1939 to 1949, when nearly 50,000 military officers and personnel were trained on the Evanston and Chicago campuses. | 0 | 10,749 | entailment |
Who cast the abbey bells? | The bells at the abbey were overhauled in 1971. | 1 | 10,750 | not entailment |
When the congregation issues a call for service by a pastor, who has to ratify it? | Teaching and ruling elders are ordained and convene in the lowest council known as a session or consistory responsible for the discipline, nurture, and mission of the local congregation. | 1 | 10,751 | not entailment |
What is the benefit of this formation type? | There may be a number of so-called "directors" in front of the active element in the direction of propagation, and usually a single (but possibly more) "reflector" on the opposite side of the active element. | 1 | 10,752 | not entailment |
What are the most common type of housing outside inner city Melbourne? | Free standing dwellings with relatively large gardens are perhaps the most common type of housing outside inner city Melbourne. | 0 | 10,753 | entailment |
Where can you find enzymes with a zinc atom in the reactive center? | Zinc deficiency affects about two billion people in the developing world and is associated with many diseases. | 1 | 10,754 | not entailment |
During what dynasty was Nanjing the biggest business center in all of East Asia? | During the Ming dynasty, Nanjing's industry was further expanded, and the city became one of the most prosperous cities in China and the world. | 0 | 10,755 | entailment |
What are some non-regulation actions that critical habitats encourage? | While the regulatory aspect of critical habitat does not apply directly to private and other non-federal landowners, large-scale development, logging and mining projects on private and state land typically require a federal permit and thus become subject to critical habitat regulations. | 1 | 10,756 | not entailment |
How many Anglo-Dutch Wars were there in the 17th century? | At the end of the 16th century, England and the Netherlands began to challenge Portugal's monopoly of trade with Asia, forming private joint-stock companies to finance the voyages—the English, later British, East India Company and the Dutch East India Company, chartered in 1600 and 1602 respectively. | 1 | 10,757 | not entailment |
What other Indian states does it sell hydroelectricity to? | This has made it one of the wealthiest places in the entire South Asia. | 1 | 10,758 | not entailment |
Corruption aids what as far as the environment is concerned? | While corrupt societies may have formal legislation to protect the environment, it cannot be enforced if officials can easily be bribed. | 1 | 10,759 | not entailment |
What did the magazines catering to post-punk interest do to alienate their readers? | Emphasizing glamour, fashion, and escapism in distinction to the experimental seriousness of earlier post-punk groups, the club-oriented scene drew some suspicion from denizens of the movement. | 1 | 10,760 | not entailment |
When did the Israeli air force destroy Iraq's sole nuclear reactor? | On 7 June 1981, the Israeli air force destroyed Iraq's sole nuclear reactor, in order to impede Iraq's nuclear weapons program. | 0 | 10,761 | entailment |
How did the war impact the Russian population? | Many middle and small powers in Europe, unlike in the previous wars, tried to steer clear away from the escalating conflict, even though they had interests in the conflict or with the belligerents, like Denmark-Norway. | 1 | 10,762 | not entailment |
How many genes were associated with asthma by the end of 2005? | By the end of 2005, 25 genes had been associated with asthma in six or more separate populations, including GSTM1, IL10, CTLA-4, SPINK5, LTC4S, IL4R and ADAM33, among others. | 0 | 10,763 | entailment |
What school of Yale is located nearest the intersection of Prospect and Sachem streets? | Popular farmers' markets, managed by the local non-profit CitySeed, set up shop weekly in several neighborhoods, including Westville/Edgewood Park, Fair Haven, Upper State Street, Wooster Square, and Downtown/New Haven Green. | 1 | 10,764 | not entailment |
Who first patented a method to produce high-brightness blue LEDs? | Building upon this foundation, Dr. Moustakas at Boston University patented a method for producing high-brightness blue LEDs using a new two-step process. | 1 | 10,765 | not entailment |
Who formed the new French Army of Chalons? | With the defeat of Marshal Bazaine's Army of the Rhine at Gravelotte, the French were forced to retire to Metz, where they were besieged by over 150,000 Prussian troops of the First and Second Armies. | 1 | 10,766 | not entailment |
Who used Codd's paper at Berkeley to improve a geographical database? | They started a project known as INGRES using funding that had already been allocated for a geographical database project and student programmers to produce code. | 1 | 10,767 | not entailment |
When was the reign of sultan Mehmed VI? | As such, the last Ottoman sultan Mehmed VI (r. 1918–1922) was a direct patrilineal (male-line) descendant of the first Ottoman sultan Osman I (r. 1299–1326), which was unparallelled in both Europe (e.g. the male line of the House of Habsburg became extinct in 1740) and in the Islamic world. | 0 | 10,768 | entailment |
What was the clause against establishment of religion by law intended to erect? | In Everson v. Board of Education (1947), Justice Hugo Black wrote: "In the words of Thomas Jefferson, the clause against establishment of religion by law was intended to erect a wall of separation between church and state." | 0 | 10,769 | entailment |
What types of livestock products does Portugal produce? | Agriculture in Portugal is based on small to medium-sized family-owned dispersed units. | 1 | 10,770 | not entailment |
What was the name of the land purchased by BYU in 1904? | Under his tenure in 1904 the new Brigham Young University bought 17 acres (69,000 m2) of land from Provo called "Temple Hill". | 0 | 10,771 | entailment |
What form does Temperley feel that Chopin's ballades and scherzos are based on? | J. Barrie Jones suggests that "amongst the works that Chopin intended for concert use, the four ballades and four scherzos stand supreme", and adds that "the Barcarolle Op. | 1 | 10,772 | not entailment |
How did Kiplinger's Personal Finance Best Cities rate Houston? | In 2008, Houston received top ranking on Kiplinger's Personal Finance Best Cities of 2008 list, which ranks cities on their local economy, employment opportunities, reasonable living costs, and quality of life. | 0 | 10,773 | entailment |
On what type of transportation system has Seattle begun to focus? | After rejecting a roads and transit measure in 2007, Seattle-area voters passed a transit only measure in 2008 to increase ST Express bus service, extend the Link Light Rail system, and expand and improve Sounder commuter rail service. | 1 | 10,774 | not entailment |
Regardless of beliefs, Christians all agree that Jesus has a unique what? | " It is also used as a label to identify people who associate with the cultural aspects of Christianity, irrespective of personal religious beliefs or practices. | 1 | 10,775 | not entailment |
What does Montana's motto mean? | The state flower, the bitterroot, was adopted in 1895 with the support of a group called the Floral Emblem Association, which formed after Montana's Women's Christian Temperance Union adopted the bitterroot as the organization's state flower. | 1 | 10,776 | not entailment |
How many matches does each team play? | Outside the UK it is commonly referred to as the English Premier League (EPL). | 1 | 10,777 | not entailment |
When was a second round announced? | A second round of character simplifications (known as erjian, or "second round simplified characters") was promulgated in 1977. | 0 | 10,778 | entailment |
*Slověninъ, plural *Slověne, is the Slavic autonym reconstructed in what? | In the 6th century AD Procopius, writing in Byzantine Greek, refers to the Σκλάβοι Sklaboi, Σκλαβηνοί Sklabēnoi, Σκλαυηνοί Sklauenoi, Σθλαβηνοί Sthlabenoi, or Σκλαβῖνοι Sklabinoi, while his contemporary Jordanes refers to the Sclaveni in Latin. | 1 | 10,779 | not entailment |
What magnet school in New Haven is centered around arts education? | New Haven is home to a number of other private schools as well as public magnet schools, including Metropolitan Business Academy, High School in the Community, Hill Regional Career High School, Co-op High School, New Haven Academy, ACES Educational Center for the Arts, the Foote School and the Sound School, all of which draw students from New Haven and suburban towns. | 0 | 10,780 | entailment |
Who organized a free concert by Queen in 1976? | During 1976, Queen played one of their most famous gigs, a free concert in Hyde Park, London. | 1 | 10,781 | not entailment |
What is a defensive way that mimicry can be used? | One such example is the drone fly, which looks a lot like a bee, yet is completely harmless as it cannot sting at all. | 1 | 10,782 | not entailment |
What is the smallest data capacity for an iPod product? | Like other digital music players, iPods can serve as external data storage devices. | 1 | 10,783 | not entailment |
When did the Hospital Vilardebo open? | The hospital was originally one of the best of Latin America and in 1915 grew to 1,500 inpatients. | 1 | 10,784 | not entailment |
In what year did Orange Street receive the first bike lane in New Haven? | In 2004, the first bike lane in the city was added to Orange Street, connecting East Rock Park and the East Rock neighborhood to downtown. | 0 | 10,785 | entailment |
When did individuals self-identify as belonging to a particular ethnic group? | One is the system used in the 2001 Census when individuals identify themselves as belonging to a particular ethnic group: W1 (White-British), W2 (White-Irish), W9 (Any other white background); M1 (White and black Caribbean), M2 (White and black African), M3 (White and Asian), M9 (Any other mixed background); A1 (Asian-Indian), A2 (Asian-Pakistani), A3 (Asian-Bangladeshi), A9 (Any other Asian background); B1 (Black Caribbean), B2 (Black African), B3 (Any other black background); O1 (Chinese), O9 (Any other). | 0 | 10,786 | entailment |
Where did Athanasius during his latest exile? | It was during this period, the final exile, that he is said to have spent four months in hiding in his father's tomb. | 1 | 10,787 | not entailment |
Because of the construction of their shoulder bones, what were the enantiornithes called? | While they were the dominant group of avialans during the Cretaceous period, enantiornithes became extinct along with many other dinosaur groups at the end of the Mesozoic era. | 1 | 10,788 | not entailment |
Who stated that "All politics reduces itself to this formula: try to be one of three, as long as the world is governed by the unstable equilibrium of five great powers.?" | The balance of power between the Great Powers became a major influence in European politics, prompting Otto von Bismarck to say "All politics reduces itself to this formula: try to be one of three, as long as the world is governed by the unstable equilibrium of five great powers." | 0 | 10,789 | entailment |
The deficit can cause an earthquake of what magnitude to occur? | The deficit in slip that has built up since the 1033 event is sufficient to cause an earthquake of Mw~7.4. | 0 | 10,790 | entailment |
In what year did the Altay Sports Club form? | Football clubs were formed in other provinces too, such as Karşıyaka Sports Club (1912), Altay Sports Club (1914) and Turkish Fatherland Football Club (later Ülküspor) (1914) of İzmir. | 0 | 10,791 | entailment |
During which seasons are Melbourne's temperature differentials most pronounced? | Melbourne has a temperate oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification Cfb) and is well known for its changeable weather conditions. | 1 | 10,792 | not entailment |
What's the name of the landmark on Commercial Road where remains of the friars' water system can be seen? | The friars granted use of the water to the town in 1310 and passed on ownership of the water supply system itself in 1420. | 1 | 10,793 | not entailment |
What was the world's first carrier capable of launching and recovering naval aircraft? | As a result of the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922, which limited the construction of new heavy surface combat ships, most early aircraft carriers were conversions of ships that were laid down (or had served) as different ship types: cargo ships, cruisers, battlecruisers, or battleships. | 1 | 10,794 | not entailment |
Where is Ridge Bond from? | Stillwater is known as the epicenter of Red Dirt music, the best-known proponent of which is the late Bob Childers. | 1 | 10,795 | not entailment |
When did The Mamas make their debut? | The band have supported Beyoncé in most subsequent live performances, including her 2007 concert tour The Beyoncé Experience, 2009–2010 I Am... World Tour and 2013–2014 The Mrs. Carter Show World Tour. | 1 | 10,796 | not entailment |
How did The Sun feel about the Poll tax? | This change to the way local government is funded was vociferously supported by the newspaper, despite widespread opposition, (some from Conservative MPs), which is seen as having contributed to Thatcher's own downfall. | 0 | 10,797 | entailment |
What part of Manhattan are the West Bronx's streets similar to? | Like the northernmost part of upper Manhattan, the West Bronx's hilly terrain leaves a relatively free-style street grid. | 0 | 10,798 | entailment |
What caused the death of Emperor Auranzeb? | The "classic period" ended with the death and defeat of Emperor Aurangzeb in 1707 by the rising Hindu Maratha Empire, although the dynasty continued for another 150 years. | 0 | 10,799 | entailment |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.