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Dnipro | Dnipro | Dnipro ( ;, romanized: "Dnepr" ), called Dnipropetrovsk ( ; ) from 1926 until May 2016, is Ukraine's fourth-largest city, with about one million inhabitants. It stands southeast of the Ukrainian capital Kiev on the Dnieper River, in the central-eastern part of Ukraine. Dnipro is the administrative centre of the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast. Administratively, it is incorporated as a city of oblast significance, the centre of "Dnipro municipality" and extraterritorial administrative centre of Dnipro Raion. It has a population of approximately. | Dnipro (en ) ou Dniepr (en ) est une ville d'Ukraine et la capitale administrative de l'oblast de Dnipropetrovsk. Sa population, en diminution, s'élevait à en 2016 contre en 1989. Son agglomération est la troisième du pays, avec plus de d'habitants. Dnipro, réputée pour ses constructions aéronautiques, possède de nombreux espaces verts, d'immenses parcs, notamment le long du fleuve Dniepr qui traverse la ville du nord au sud. | [
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Roleplay simulation | Jeu de rôle (psychologie) | Roleplay simulation is an experiential learning method in which either amateur or professional roleplayers (also called interactors) improvise with learners as part of a simulated scenario. Roleplay is designed primarily to build first-person experience in a safe and supportive environment. Roleplay is widely acknowledged as a powerful technique across multiple avenues of training and education. | Le jeu de rôle est une technique utilisée en psychologie et en pédagogie, qui consiste à mettre une personne dans une situation fictive et à demander à cette personne d'agir comme si cette situation était réelle. | [
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Tintin in the Land of the Soviets | Tintin au pays des Soviets | Tintin in the Land of the Soviets () is the first volume of "The Adventures of Tintin", the comics series by Belgian cartoonist Hergé. Commissioned by the conservative Belgian newspaper as anti-communist satire for its children's supplement, it was serialised weekly from January 1929 to May 1930 before being published in a collected volume by Éditions du Petit Vingtième in 1930. The story tells of young Belgian reporter Tintin and his dog Snowy, who are sent to the Soviet Union to report on the policies of Joseph Stalin's Bolshevik government. Tintin's intent to expose the regime's secrets prompts agents from the Soviet secret police, the OGPU, to hunt him down with the intent to kill. | Tintin au pays des Soviets (titre complet sur la couverture : Les Aventures de Tintin, reporter du « Petit Vingtième », au pays des Soviets) est le premier album de la série de bande dessinée "Les Aventures de Tintin", créée par Hergé, dessinateur belge. | [
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Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights | Haut-Commissariat des Nations unies aux droits de l'homme | The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, commonly known as the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) or the UN Human Rights Office, is a department of the Secretariat of the United Nations that works to promote and protect the human rights that are guaranteed under international law and stipulated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948. The office was established by the UN General Assembly on 20 December 1993 in the wake of the 1993 World Conference on Human Rights. | Le Haut-Commissariat des Nations unies aux droits de l'homme (HCDH) est une des agences spécialisées de l'ONU qui a pour but de promouvoir, de contrôler et de renseigner sur le respect du droit international des droits de l'homme et du droit international humanitaire dans le monde, selon l'adoption de la Déclaration et programme d'action de Vienne. | [
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Belfast | Belfast | Belfast ( ;, ) is the capital and largest city of Northern Ireland, standing on the banks of the River Lagan on the east coast. It is the 12th-largest city in the United Kingdom and the second-largest on the island of Ireland. It had a population of 333,871. Belfast suffered greatly in the Troubles: in the 1970s and 1980s it was one of the world's most dangerous cities, with a homicide rate around 31 per 100,000. | Belfast ( ; ; ) est la capitale de l'Irlande du Nord, une nation constitutive du Royaume-Uni, dont elle est également la ville la plus peuplée. Belfast est la quatorizème ville la plus peuplée du Royaume-Uni. Elle est également en nombre d'habitants la deuxième ville de l'île d'Irlande derrière la capitale de la Irlande, Dublin, avec une population de en 2015 ( dans la zone urbaine élargie du Grand Belfast). Ses habitants s'appellent les "Belfastois". Située à cheval sur les comtés d'Antrim et de Down, Belfast fait partie de la province historique irlandaise d'Ulster. Depuis 1888, Belfast possède officiellement le statut de cité et constitue depuis 1998 le siège du gouvernement nord-irlandais. | [
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United Nations Secretariat | Secrétariat des Nations unies | The United Nations Secretariat () is one of the six major organs of the United Nations, with the others being (a) the General Assembly; (b) the Security Council; (c) the Economic and Social Council; (d) the defunct Trusteeship Council; and (e) the International Court of Justice. The Secretariat is the United Nations' executive arm. The Secretariat has an important role in setting the agenda for the UN's deliberative and decision making bodies of the UN (the General Assembly, Economic and Social Council, and Security Council), and the implementation of the decision of these bodies. The Secretary-General, who is appointed by the General Assembly, is the head of the secretariat. | Le Secrétariat des Nations unies est un des principaux organes de l'ONU. À sa tête, se trouve le secrétaire général des Nations unies. Il est installé au siège des Nations unies. | [
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5145 Pholus | (5145) Pholos | 5145 Pholus is an eccentric centaur in the outer Solar System, approximately in diameter, that crosses the orbit of both Saturn and Neptune. It was discovered on 9 January 1992 by American astronomer David Rabinowitz (uncredited) of UA's Spacewatch survey at the Kitt Peak National Observatory in Arizona, United States. The very reddish object has an elongated shape and a rotation period of 9.98 hours. It was named after the creature Pholus from Greek mythology. | (5145) Pholos, désignation internationale "(5145) Pholus", est un centaure, un astéroïde dont l'orbite croise celle des planètes externes du Système solaire. | [
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Valentinian III | Valentinien III | Valentinian III (; 2 July 41916 March 455) was Western Roman Emperor from 425 to 455. His reign was marked by the ongoing collapse of the Western Empire. | Valentinien III (en latin "Flavius Placidius Valentinianus Augustus"), né le à Ravenne, mort le à Rome, est empereur romain d'Occident de 424 à sa mort en l'an 455. | [
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Nazgûl | Nazgûl | The Nazgûl (from Black Speech "nazg", "ring", and "gûl", "wraith, spirit"), introduced as Black Riders and also called Ringwraiths, Dark Riders, the Nine Riders, or simply the Nine, are fictional characters in J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth legendarium. They were nine Men who had succumbed to Sauron's power through wearing Rings of Power, which gave them immortality but reduced them to invisible wraiths, servants bound to the power of the One Ring and completely under Sauron's control. | Les Nazgûl, aussi appelés Spectres de l'anneau, Cavaliers noirs, les neuf Cavaliers, ou simplement les Neuf sont des personnages du légendaire ("legendarium") de l'écrivain J. R. R. Tolkien, apparaissant dans la trilogie du "Seigneur des anneaux". | [
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World Food Programme | Programme alimentaire mondial | The World Food Programme (WFP) is the food-assistance branch of the United Nations and the world's largest humanitarian organization addressing hunger and promoting food security. According to the WFP, it provides food assistance to an average of 91.4 million people in 83 countries each year. From its headquarters in Rome and from more than 80 country offices around the world, the WFP works to help people who cannot produce or obtain enough food for themselves and their families. It is a member of the United Nations Development Group and part of its executive committee. | Le Programme alimentaire mondial (PAM ; en anglais WFP, "World Food Programme") est l'organisme d'aide alimentaire de l'ONU. Le PAM est la plus grande agence humanitaire qui lutte contre la faim dans le monde en distribuant une assistance alimentaire dans les situations d'urgence et en travaillant avec les communautés pour améliorer leur état nutritionnel et renforcer leur résilience. Chaque année, le PAM apporte une assistance à 80 millions de personnes dans près de 80 pays. | [
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Special Court for Sierra Leone | Tribunal spécial pour la Sierra Leone | The Special Court for Sierra Leone, or the "Special Court" (SCSL), also called the Sierra Leone Tribunal, was a judicial body set up by the government of Sierra Leone and the United Nations to "prosecute persons who bear the greatest responsibility for serious violations of international humanitarian law and Sierra Leonean law" committed in Sierra Leone after 30 November 1996 and during the Sierra Leone Civil War. The court's working language was English. The court listed offices in Freetown, The Hague, and New York City. | Le Tribunal spécial pour la Sierra Leone (TSSL) est chargé de juger les plus importants responsables des crimes commis durant la guerre civile de Sierra Leone. | [
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Fronde | Fronde (histoire) | The Fronde () was a series of civil wars in France between 1648 and 1653, occurring in the midst of the Franco-Spanish War, which had begun in 1635. King Louis XIV confronted the combined opposition of the princes, the nobility, the law courts ("parlements"), and most of the French people, and yet won out in the end. The dispute started when the government of France issued seven fiscal edicts, six of which were to increase taxation. The parlements pushed back and questioned the constitutionality of the King's actions and sought to check his powers. | La Fronde (1648-1653), parfois appelée guerre des Lorrains, est une période de troubles graves qui frappent le royaume de France alors en pleine guerre avec l’Espagne (1635-1659), pendant la minorité du roi (1643-1651). Cette période de révoltes marque une brutale réaction face à la montée de l’autorité monarchique en France commencée sous et, renforcée par la fermeté de Richelieu et qui connaîtra son apogée sous le règne de. Après la mort de Richelieu en 1642, puis celle de en 1643, le pouvoir royal est affaibli par l'organisation d'une période de régence, par une situation financière et fiscale difficile due aux prélèvements nécessaires pour alimenter la guerre de Trente Ans, ainsi que par l'esprit de revanche des grands du royaume subjugués sous la poigne de Richelieu. Cette situation provoque une conjonction de multiples oppositions aussi bien parlementaires, qu’aristocratiques et populaires. | [
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Freetown | Freetown | Freetown is the capital and largest city of Sierra Leone. It is a major port city on the Atlantic Ocean and is located in the Western Area of the country. Freetown is Sierra Leone's major urban, economic, financial, cultural, educational and political centre, as it is the seat of the Government of Sierra Leone. The population of Freetown was 1,055,964 at the 2015 census. | Freetown (en français, « la ville libre ») est la capitale et la plus grande ville de Sierra Leone. La ville portuaire est située au nord du pays dans la Western Area Urban District. En 2004 sa population était d'environ habitants. La ville est le centre économique, financier et culturel de la Sierra Leone. | [
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Boer | Boers | Boer () is Dutch and Afrikaans for "farmer". In South African contexts, "Boers" () refers to the descendants of the proto-Afrikaans-speaking settlers of the eastern Cape frontier in Southern Africa during the 18th and much of the 19th century. From 1652 to 1795, the Dutch East India Company controlled this area, but the United Kingdom incorporated it into the British Empire in 1806. | Les Boers (de l'afrikaans « "boer" »,, signifiant « paysan », pluriel « "Boere" ») sont les pionniers blancs d'Afrique du Sud, originaires, pour la plupart, des régions néerlandophones d'Europe, des provinces indépendantes du nord, alors appelées Provinces-Unies (actuels Pays-Bas), mais venant aussi d'Allemagne et de France. | [
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Pentecostalism | Pentecôtisme | Pentecostalism or Classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Christian movement that emphasises direct personal experience of God through baptism with the Holy Spirit. The term "Pentecostal" is derived from Pentecost, the Greek name for the Jewish Feast of Weeks. For Christians, this event commemorates the descent of the Holy Ghost upon the followers of Jesus Christ, as described in the second chapter of the Acts of the Apostles. | Le pentecôtisme, appelé aussi mouvement de Pentecôte, est un courant chrétien évangélique issu de réveils démarrés par les pasteurs américains Charles Fox Parham et William Joseph Seymour aux États-Unis en 1901 et 1906. Selon les chiffres du Pew Research Center, en 2011, le mouvement recense de croyants (chiffres variables dans l'article même : « Ce nombre s'approche des en 1997. »). Un certain nombre de dénominations pentecôtistes dans le monde est regroupé dans la Communauté pentecôtiste mondiale. | [
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Guerrilla warfare | Guérilla | Guerrilla warfare is a form of irregular warfare in which small groups of combatants, such as paramilitary personnel, armed civilians, or irregulars, use military tactics including ambushes, sabotage, raids, petty warfare, hit-and-run tactics, and mobility, to fight a larger and less-mobile traditional military. Guerrilla groups are a type of violent non-state actor. | La guérilla (espagnol : "guerrilla" ) est un terme emprunté à l'espagnol utilisé pour décrire des combats d'unités mobiles et flexibles pratiquant une guerre de harcèlement, d'embuscades, de coups de main menée par des unités irrégulières ou des troupes de partisans, sans ligne de front. | [
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Frying pan | Poêle (cuisine) | A frying pan, frypan, or skillet is a flat-bottomed pan used for frying, searing, and browning foods. It is typically in diameter with relatively low sides that flare outwards, a long handle, and no lid. Larger pans may have a small grab handle opposite the main handle. A pan of similar dimensions, but with less flared, more vertical sides and often with a lid, is called a sauté pan. While a sauté pan can be used like a frying pan, it is designed for lower-heat cooking methods, namely sautéing. | Une poêle (prononciation ) est un ustensile de cuisine utilisé pour la cuisson d'aliments solides tels que la viande, les légumes, les œufs... | [
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Union Pacific Railroad | Union Pacific | The Union Pacific Railroad, legally Union Pacific Railroad Company and simply Union Pacific, is a freight-hauling railroad that operates 8,300 locomotives over routes in 23 U.S. states west of Chicago and New Orleans. The Union Pacific Railroad system is the second largest in the United States after BNSF and is one of the world's largest transportation companies. The Union Pacific Railroad is the principal operating company of the Union Pacific Corporation, both headquartered in Omaha, Nebraska. The president of Union Pacific since 2015 is Lance Fritz. | L'Union Pacific Railroad Company (sigle de l'AAR: UP), abrégée en "Union Pacific", filiale de "Union Pacific Corporation", est l'une des sept compagnies de chemin de fer de classe 1 aux États-Unis. Elle a été fondée en 1862. | [
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The Man Who Knew Too Much (1934 film) | L'Homme qui en savait trop (film, 1934) | The Man Who Knew Too Much is a 1934 British comedy-thriller film directed by Alfred Hitchcock, featuring Lesley Banks and Peter Lorre and released by Gaumont British. It was one of the most successful and critically acclaimed films of Hitchcock's British period. | L’Homme qui en savait trop (") est un film britannique d'Alfred Hitchcock, sorti en 1934. Le réalisateur lui-même en tourna un remake américain, sorti en 1956. | [
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Cola | Cola | Cola is a sweetened, carbonated soft drink flavored with vanilla, cinnamon, citrus oils and other flavorings. Most contain caffeine, which was originally sourced from the kola nut, leading to the drink's name, though other sources are now also used. Cola became popular worldwide after pharmacist John Pemberton invented Coca-Cola in 1886. His non-alcoholic recipe was inspired by the coca wine of pharmacist Angelo Mariani, created in 1863. | Un cola est une boisson gazeuse préparée à partir d'extraits naturels de fruits ou de plantes et contenant, en plus du gaz carbonique, du sucre ou des succédanés de sucre, de la caféine et des colorants. | [
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Refugee | Réfugié | A refugee, generally speaking, is a displaced person who has been forced to cross national boundaries and who cannot return home safely (see Definitions for more details). Such a person may be called an asylum seeker until granted refugee status by the contracting state or the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) if they formally make a claim for asylum. The lead international agency coordinating refugee protection is the United Nations Office of the UNHCR. The United Nations has a second Office for refugees, the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA), which is solely responsible for supporting the large majority of Palestinian refugees. | Un réfugié – au sens de la Convention du 28 juillet 1951 relative au statut des réfugiés – est une personne qui se trouve hors du pays dont elle a la nationalité ou dans lequel elle a sa résidence habituelle ; qui craint avec raison d’être persécutée du fait de son appartenance communautaire, de sa religion, de sa nationalité, de son appartenance à un certain groupe social ou de ses opinions politiques ; et qui ne peut ou ne veut se réclamer de la protection de ce pays ou y retourner en raison de la dite crainte. | [
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Railroad classes | Chemin de fer américain de classe I | In the United States, railroads are designated as Class I, II, or III, according to size criteria first established by the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) in 1911. Since the ICC was abolished on January 1, 1996, railroads have been governed by the Surface Transportation Board. | Les chemins de fer d’Amérique du Nord (États-Unis, Canada, Mexique) sont classés par l’"Association of American Railroads" (AAR) en trois classes en fonction de leur chiffre d’affaires annuel. La classe correspond, actuellement (en 2004), car le montant change au fil de l’inflation, à un chiffre d’affaires au moins égal à 277,7 millions de dollars. Les compagnies de classe 1 sont les suivantes : | [
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Western Europe | Europe de l'Ouest | Western Europe is the region comprising the western part of Europe. Though the term "Western Europe" is commonly used, there is no consensus on which countries comprise it. | L’Europe de l’Ouest est une région politique ou géographique qui correspond à la partie occidentale de l’Europe, mais ce concept reste mal défini. Elle est située entre l’océan Atlantique et les limites de l’Europe du Nord, l’Europe du Sud, et l’Europe centrale, avec lesquelles elle peut se superposer. | [
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Third-person shooter | Jeu de tir à la troisième personne | Third-person shooter (TPS) is a subgenre of 3D shooter games in which the player character is visible on-screen during gaming, and the gameplay consists primarily of shooting. | Le jeu de tir à la troisième personne (également appelé jeu de tir en vue objective) est un type de jeu vidéo d'action en 3D dans lequel le personnage est vu de manière externe avec une vue à la troisième personne, et dont le gameplay consiste principalement à tirer. Le terme anglis «'» et son sigle, TPS, sont également d'usage dans les pays francophones. | [
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Rough breathing | Esprit rude | In the polytonic orthography of Ancient Greek, the rough breathing ( or "daseîa"; "dasía"; ) character, is a diacritical mark used to indicate the presence of an sound before a vowel, diphthong, or after rho. It remained in the polytonic orthography even after the Hellenistic period, when the sound disappeared from the Greek language. In the monotonic orthography of Modern Greek phonology, in use since 1982, it is not used at all. | L’esprit rude est un signe diacritique de l’alphabet grec utilisé : Il est aussi parfois utilisé dans l’écriture copte sous sa forme archaïque. | [
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Satellite television | Télévision par satellite | Satellite television is a service that delivers television programming to viewers by relaying it from a communications satellite orbiting the Earth directly to the viewer's location. The signals are received via an outdoor parabolic antenna commonly referred to as a satellite dish and a low-noise block downconverter. | La télévision par satellite (nommée couramment « télévision directe ») consiste à émettre depuis un satellite en orbite géostationnaire des programmes de télévision analogiques et numériques. | [
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Wadi | Oued | Wadi (), alternatively "wād" (), is the Arabic term traditionally referring to a valley. In some instances, it may refer to a dry (ephemeral) riverbed that contains water only when heavy rain occurs. | Un oued ou wadi (emprunté à l’Arabe, signifiant « vallée, lit de rivière, rivière »), est un terme générique désignant un fleuve d'Afrique du Nord et des régions semi-désertiques à régime hydrologique très irrégulier. Surtout présent dans les régions endoréiques, il s'anime lors des rares et fortes précipitations. Le plus souvent à sec, il peut connaître des crues spectaculaires, charriant d'énormes quantités de boue, qui provoquent parfois des changements de lit. C'est pourquoi on dit d'un oued qu'il roule plus qu'il ne s'écoule. | [
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Battle of Hohenlinden | Bataille de Hohenlinden | The Battle of Hohenlinden was fought on 3 December 1800, during the French Revolutionary Wars. A French army under Jean Victor Marie Moreau won a decisive victory over the Austrians and Bavarians led by Archduke John of Austria. After being forced into a disastrous retreat, the allies were compelled to request an armistice that effectively ended the War of the Second Coalition. Hohenlinden is 33 km east of Munich in modern Germany. | La bataille de Hohenlinden a lieu le 12 frimaire an IX () entre les troupes françaises du général Moreau et les forces autrichiennes et bavaroises commandées par l'archiduc Jean-Baptiste d'Autriche. L'affrontement se termine par une victoire française. Celle-ci conduit l'Autriche à signer la paix de Lunéville, le. | [
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Georg Christoph Lichtenberg | Georg Christoph Lichtenberg | Georg Christoph Lichtenberg (1 July 1742 – 24 February 1799) was a German physicist, satirist, and Anglophile. As a scientist, he was the first to hold a professorship explicitly dedicated to experimental physics in Germany. He is remembered for his posthumously published notebooks, which he himself called "Sudelbücher", a description modelled on the English bookkeeping term "scrapbooks", and for his discovery of tree-like electrical discharge patterns now called Lichtenberg figures. | Georg Christoph Lichtenberg, né à Ober-Ramstadt le et mort à Göttingen le, est un philosophe, écrivain et physicien allemand. | [
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Libération | Libération (journal) | Libération (), popularly known as Libé (), is a daily newspaper in France, founded in Paris by Jean-Paul Sartre and Serge July in 1973 in the wake of the protest movements of May 1968. | Libération est un quotidien français paraissant le matin, disponible également dans une version en ligne. Fondé sous la protection de Jean-Paul Sartre, le journal paraît pour la première fois le et reprend le nom d'un titre de presse créé en 1927 par le libertaire Jules Vignes, nom qui sera également celui d'un des journaux de la Résistance dirigé par Emmanuel d'Astier de La Vigerie. | [
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Ferrara | Ferrare | Ferrara (, ; ) is a city and "comune" in Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy, capital of the Province of Ferrara. it had 132,009 inhabitants. It is situated northeast of Bologna, on the Po di Volano, a branch channel of the main stream of the Po River, located north. The town has broad streets and numerous palaces dating from the Renaissance, when it hosted the court of the House of Este. For its beauty and cultural importance, it has been designated by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. | Ferrare ("Ferrara" en italien) est une ville italienne de la province de Ferrare en Émilie-Romagne. Située dans le delta du Pô sur le bras nommé Pô de Volano, la cité actuelle remonte au, alors qu'elle était gouvernée par la famille d'Este. Son centre historique figure au patrimoine mondial. | [
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United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees | Haut Commissariat des Nations unies pour les réfugiés | The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) is a United Nations agency with the mandate to protect refugees, forcibly displaced communities and stateless people, and assist in their voluntary repatriation, local integration or resettlement to a third country. UNHCR‘s mandate does not apply to Palestinian refugees, who are assisted by UNRWA. | Le Haut Commissariat des Nations unies pour les réfugiés (UNHCR voire HCR ou HCNUR dans l'espace francophone), basé à Genève, est un programme de l'ONU. Il a pour but originel de protéger les réfugiés, de trouver une « solution durable » à leurs problèmes et de veiller à l'application de la Convention de Genève sur les réfugiés de 1951. | [
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Battle of Lodi | Bataille du pont de Lodi | The Battle of Lodi was fought on 10 May 1796 between French forces under Napoleon Bonaparte and an Austrian rear guard led by Karl Philipp Sebottendorf at Lodi, Lombardy. The rear guard was defeated, but the main body of Johann Peter Beaulieu's Austrian Army had time to retreat. | La bataille du pont de Lodi oppose, le (21 floréal an IV), l’armée d'Italie du général Bonaparte aux armées coalisées commandées par le général Sebottendorf, pour la prise du pont de Lodi sur l’Adda. Elle conclut de manière victorieuse la deuxième partie de la campagne d’Italie. | [
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Nathaniel Hawthorne | Nathaniel Hawthorne | Nathaniel Hawthorne (; né Hathorne; July 4, 1804 – May 19, 1864) was an American novelist, dark romantic, and short story writer. His works often focus on history, morality, and religion. | Nathaniel Hawthorne (, Salem, Massachusetts, États-Unis -, Plymouth, New Hampshire, États-Unis) est un écrivain américain, auteur de nouvelles et de romans. | [
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Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus | Tractatus logico-philosophicus | The Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (widely abbreviated and cited as TLP) (Latin for "Logical Philosophical Treatise" or "Treatise on Logic and Philosophy") is the only book-length philosophical work by the Austrian philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein that was published during his lifetime. The project had a broad goal: to identify the relationship between language and reality and to define the limits of science. It is recognized by philosophers as a significant philosophical work of the twentieth century. G. E. Moore originally suggested the work's Latin title as homage to the "Tractatus Theologico-Politicus" by Baruch Spinoza. | Le est une œuvre de Ludwig Wittgenstein, d'abord publiée en allemand, sous le titre "Logisch-Philosophische Abhandlung" en 1921, puis en anglais un an plus tard avec le titre latin actuel, sur les suggestions de George Edward Moore. Avec "Investigations philosophiques", ce texte est l’une des pièces majeures de la philosophie de Wittgenstein ; il est inspiré par un logicisme anti-psychologiste, une position que Wittgenstein abandonne par la suite. | [
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Leonid Brezhnev | Léonid Brejnev | Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev (; ;, 6 December 1906 – 10 November 1982) was a Soviet politician who led the Soviet Union as General Secretary of the governing Communist Party (1964–1982) and as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1977–1982). His 18-year term as general secretary was second only to Joseph Stalin's in duration. While Brezhnev's rule was characterized by political stability and notable foreign policy successes, it was also marked by corruption, inefficiency, and rapidly growing technological gaps with the West. | Léonid Ilitch Brejnev (, en français, ; en, et en ), né à Kamenskoïe le et mort à Moscou le, est un homme politique soviétique d'origine ukrainienne, secrétaire général du Parti communiste de l'Union soviétique, et donc principal dirigeant de l'URSS de 1964 à 1982. Il fut en outre président du Præsidium du Soviet suprême (fonction honorifique de chef de l’État) à deux reprises, de 1960 à 1964 et de 1977 à 1982. | [
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Economic Community of West African States | Communauté économique des États de l'Afrique de l'Ouest | The Economic Community of West African States, also known as ECOWAS, is a regional political and economic union of fifteen countries located in West Africa. Collectively, these countries comprise an area of, and in 2015 had an estimated population of over 349 million. | La Communauté économique des États de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (CEDEAO) (, ECOWAS), est une organisation intergouvernementale ouest-africaine créée le. C'est la principale structure destinée à coordonner les actions des pays de l’Afrique de l'Ouest. Son but principal est de promouvoir la coopération et l'intégration avec pour objectif de créer une union économique et monétaire ouest-africaine. En 1990, son pouvoir est étendu au maintien de la stabilité régionale avec la création de l'ECOMOG, groupe militaire d’intervention qui devient permanent en 1999. La CEDEAO compte aujourd'hui 15 États membres. En 2017, le PIB global des États membres de la CEDEAO s'élève à de dollars américains (USD). | [
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Economic Community of West African States Monitoring Group | Economic Community of West African States Cease-fire Monitoring Group | The Economic Community of West African States Monitoring Group (ECOMOG) was a West African multilateral armed force established by the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). ECOMOG was a formal arrangement for separate armies to work together. It was largely supported by personnel and resources of the Nigerian Armed Forces, with sub-battalion strength units contributed by other ECOWAS members — Ghana, Guinea, Sierra Leone, The Gambia, Liberia, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, and others. | L'Economic Community of West African States Cease-fire Monitoring Group (ECOMOG), ou (Brigade de surveillance du cessez-le-feu de la CÉDÉAO), aussi appelé les « Casques Blancs » en référence aux Casques Bleus de l’ONU, est un groupe militaire d’intervention placé sous la direction de la Communauté économique des États de l’Afrique de l’Ouest (CÉDÉAO). Il est destiné à l’origine à faire respecter les cessez-le-feu signés dans les pays membres de la CÉDÉAO. Diarrassouba Yacouba, Professeur d'Histoire et Géographie. 22554548180 | [
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Tonic (music) | Tonique (musique) | In music, the tonic is the first scale degree () of the diatonic scale (the first note of a scale) and the tonal center or final resolution tone that is commonly used in the final cadence in tonal (musical key-based) classical music, popular music, and traditional music. In the movable do solfège system, the tonic note is sung as "do". More generally, the tonic is the note upon which all other notes of a piece are hierarchically referenced. Scales are named after their tonics: for instance, the tonic of the C major scale is the note C. | Dans la musique tonale, la tonique est le premier degré d'une tonalité, et par conséquent des gammes majeures et mineures. Un accord construit sur ce I degré est appelé « accord de tonique » ; sa note fondamentale est une tonique. | [
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List of presidents of Venezuela | Liste des présidents du Venezuela | Under the Venezuelan Constitution, the President of Venezuela is the head of state and head of government of Venezuela. As chief of the executive branch and face of the government as a whole, the presidency is the highest political office in the country by influence and recognition. The president is also the commander-in-chief of the National Bolivarian Armed Forces of Venezuela. The president is directly elected through a popular vote to a six-year term. Since the 2009 constitutional referendum, any person can be elected to the office an indefinite number of times. Upon the death, resignation, or removal from office of an incumbent president, the vice president assumes the office. The president must be at least 30 years of age, and has to be a "natural born" citizen of Venezuela, and cannot possess any other citizenship. | Liste chronologique des présidents de la République du Venezuela (1811-1812, 1813-1819, 1830-1999) puis des présidents de la République bolivarienne du Venezuela (depuis 1999). | [
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Johnny Got His Gun (film) | Johnny s'en va-t-en guerre | Johnny Got His Gun is a 1971 American drama anti-war film written and directed by Dalton Trumbo based on his 1939 novel of the same name, and starring Timothy Bottoms, Kathy Fields, Marsha Hunt, Jason Robards, Donald Sutherland and Diane Varsi. It was based on the novel of the same title by Trumbo, and features an uncredited writing collaboration by Luis Buñuel. The film was released on DVD in the U.S on April 28, 2009 via Shout! Factory, with special features. | Johnny s'en va-t-en guerre ("Johnny Got His Gun") est un film américain réalisé par Dalton Trumbo, sorti en 1971. Il s'agit d'une adaptation cinématographique du roman du même nom de Dalton Trumbo, publié en 1939. | [
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Centre Pompidou | Centre national d'art et de culture Georges-Pompidou | The Centre Pompidou (), also known as the Pompidou Centre in English, is a complex building in the Beaubourg area of the 4th arrondissement of Paris, near Les Halles, rue Montorgueil, and the Marais. It was designed in the style of high-tech architecture by the architectural team of Richard Rogers, Su Rogers, Renzo Piano, along with Gianfranco Franchini. | Le centre national d’art et de culture Georges-Pompidou (CNAC) – communément appelé « centre Georges-Pompidou », « centre Pompidou » ou « centre Beaubourg », et familièrement « Beaubourg » – est un établissement polyculturel né de la volonté du président Georges Pompidou, grand amateur d'art moderne, de créer au cœur de Paris une institution culturelle originale entièrement vouée à la création moderne et contemporaine où les arts plastiques voisineraient avec les livres, le dessin, la musique ainsi que le cinéma. | [
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Gandalf | Gandalf | Gandalf is a protagonist in J. R. R. Tolkien's novels "The Hobbit" and "The Lord of the Rings". He is a wizard, one of the "Istari" order, and the leader of the Fellowship of the Ring. Tolkien took the name "Gandalf" from the Old Norse "Catalogue of Dwarves" ("Dvergatal") in the "Völuspá". | Gandalf est un personnage imaginaire appartenant au légendaire ("legendarium") de l'écrivain britannique, apparaissant dans "Le Hobbit", puis dans "Le Seigneur des anneaux". | [
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Timor | Timor | Timor is an island at the southern end of Maritime Southeast Asia, north of the Timor Sea. The island is divided between the sovereign states of East Timor on the eastern part and Indonesia on the western part. The Indonesian part, also known as West Timor, constitutes part of the province of East Nusa Tenggara. Within West Timor lies an exclave of East Timor called Oecusse District. The island covers an area of. The name is a variant of "timur", Malay for "east"; it is so called because it lies at the eastern end of the Lesser Sunda Islands. Mainland Australia is less than 500 km away, separated by the mentioned Timor Sea. | Timor est une île de l'archipel indonésien, dans l'est des petites îles de la Sonde. Elle est bordée au sud par la mer de Timor ; et au nord, séparée de la mer de Banda par les autres îles orientales des îles de la Sonde. En malais, "timur" signifie « orient », mais ce n'est pas nécessairement l'étymologie du nom de l'île. | [
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Ahmad Tejan Kabbah | Ahmad Tejan Kabbah | Alhaji Ahmad Tejan Kabbah (February 16, 1932 – March 13, 2014) was a Sierra Leonean politician who served twice as the 3rd President of Sierra Leone, from 1996 to 1997 and again from 1998 to 2007. An economist and attorney by profession, Kabbah spent many years working for the United Nations Development Programme. He retired from the United Nations and returned to Sierra Leone in 1992. | Ahmad Tejan Kabbah, né le à Pendembu et mort le à Freetown, est un homme d'État sierra-léonais, chef du Parti du peuple de Sierra Leone (SLPP) et président de la République de 1996 à 2007. | [
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Fortaleza Metro | Métro de Fortaleza | The Metropolitan of Fortaleza, also known popularly as Metro of Fortaleza or Metrofor, is a system of metropolitan transport that operates in the Brazilian city of Fortaleza, operated by Companhia Cearense de Transportes Metropolitanos, company of social capital, captained by the Government of the State of Ceará, in Brazil, and has as current president Eduardo Hotz. Founded on May 2, 1997, the company is responsible for administration, construction and metro planning in the state of Ceará, being present in the systems of Sobral and Cariri, having its main activity in Fortaleza and its metropolitan region. | Le métro de Fortaleza est un métro situé à Fortaleza, dans l'État du Ceará, au Brésil. Il est composé (2007) de deux lignes d'ancien train urbain (Locomotive GE U10 Diesel-électrique) exploitées par la société CBTU. L'exploitant "Metrofor" va remplacer celui-ci avec la construction de deux lignes de métro électrifié et la création d'une nouvelle ligne simple pour dévier le trafic marchandises. | [
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Baroque architecture | Architecture baroque | Baroque architecture is a highly decorative and theatrical style which appeared in Italy in the early 17th century and gradually spread across Europe. It was originally introduced by the Catholic Church, particularly by the Jesuits, as a means to combat the Reformation and the Protestant church with a new architecture that inspired surprise and awe. It reached its peak in the High Baroque (1625–1675), when it was used in churches and palaces in Italy, Spain, Portugal and France, and Austria. In the Late Baroque period (1675–1750), it reached as far as Russia and the Spanish and Portuguese colonies in Latin America, Beginning in about 1730, an even more elaborately decorative variant called Rococo appeared and flourished in Central Europe. | L’architecture baroque apparaît au début du en Italie et se propage rapidement dans toute l'Europe. Elle utilise le vocabulaire esthétique de l'architecture Renaissance d'une façon nouvelle, plus rhétorique, plus théâtrale, plus ostensible, afin de servir le projet absolutiste et triomphal de l'Église et des Etats. L'architecture baroque, comme le baroque lui-même, est caractérisée par un usage opulent et tourmenté des matières, des jeux d'ombre, de lumière et de couleurs. | [
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Demaratus | Démarate de Sparte | Demaratus, or Demaratos (), was a king of Sparta from around 515 BC until 491 BC, 15th of the Eurypontid line, successor to his father Ariston. As king, he is known chiefly for his opposition to the co-ruling Spartan king, Cleomenes I. He later fled to Achaemenid Persia where he was given asylum and land, and fought on the Persian side during the Second Persian invasion of Greece. | Démarate (en grec ancien ) est un roi de Sparte (515 à 491 av. J.-C.), de la maison des Eurypontides. | [
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Retrograde and prograde motion | Mouvement prograde ou rétrograde | Retrograde motion in astronomy is, in general, orbital or rotational motion of an object in the direction opposite the rotation of its primary, that is, the central object (right figure). It may also describe other motions such as precession or nutation of an object's rotational axis. Prograde or direct motion is more normal motion in the same direction as the primary rotates. However, "retrograde" and "prograde" can also refer to an object other than the primary if so described. The direction of rotation is determined by an inertial frame of reference, such as distant fixed stars. | La notion de mouvement prograde ou rétrograde peut s'appliquer à un mouvement de révolution (ou mouvement orbital) ou à un mouvement de rotation (d'un objet céleste sur lui-même) : | [
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Dubrovnik | Dubrovnik | Dubrovnik (; historically "Ragusa") is a city on the Adriatic Sea in southern Croatia. It is one of the most prominent tourist destinations in the Mediterranean Sea, a seaport and the centre of Dubrovnik-Neretva County. Its total population is 42,615 (census 2011). In 1979, the city of Dubrovnik joined the UNESCO list of World Heritage sites. | Dubrovnik, ou Raguse de l'italien "" (nom officiel jusqu'en 1918), est une ville et une municipalité de Croatie, capitale du comitat de Dubrovnik-Neretva. Elle fut autrefois la capitale d'une république maritime connue sous le nom de république de Raguse. Ses habitants, ainsi que ce qui s'y rapporte, s'appellent encore des "ragusains". | [
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Foday Sankoh | Foday Sankoh | Foday Saybana Sankoh (17 October 1937 – 29 July 2003) was the founder of the Sierra Leone rebel group Revolutionary United Front (RUF), which was supported by Charles Taylor-led NPFL in the 11-year-long Sierra Leone Civil War, starting in 1991 and ending in 2002. An estimated 50,000 people were killed during the war, and over 500,000 people were displaced in neighboring countries. | Foday Sankoh, né le en Sierra Leone dans le district de Tonkolili et mort le à Freetown, est le fondateur du Revolutionary United Front (RUF). Allié de Charles Taylor, il déclencha la guerre civile de Sierra Leone en 1991, principalement pour prendre le contrôle de ses mines de diamants. | [
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Durian | Durian | The durian () is the fruit of several tree species belonging to the genus "Durio". There are 30 recognised "Durio" species, at least nine of which produce edible fruit, with over 300 named varieties in Indonesia, 100 in Thailand and 100 in Malaysia. "Durio zibethinus" is the only species available in the international market: other species are sold in their local regions. It is native to Borneo and Sumatra. | Le durian (prononcé, du, issu de « "épine" », également en ou, ') ou durion"' (prononcé ), Durio zibethinus (Murray) est un arbre tropical à feuillage persistant de la famille des "Bombacaceae" (classification classique) ou des "Malvaceae" (classification phylogénétique) qui produit des fruits comestibles. | [
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James I of Aragon | Jacques Ier d'Aragon | James I the Conqueror (; 2 February 1208 – 27 July 1276) was King of Aragon, Count of Barcelona, and Lord of Montpellier from 1213 to 1276; King of Majorca from 1231 to 1276; and Valencia from 1238 to 1276. His long reign—the longest of any Iberian monarch—saw the expansion of the Crown of Aragon in three directions: Languedoc to the north, the Balearic Islands to the southeast, and Valencia to the south. By a treaty with Louis IX of France, he wrested the County of Barcelona from nominal French suzerainty and integrated it into his crown. He renounced northward expansion and taking back the once Catalan territories in Occitania and vassal counties loyal to the County of Barcelona, lands that were lost by his father Peter II of Aragon in the Battle of Muret during the Albigensian Crusade and annexed by the Kingdom of France, and then decided to turn south. His great part in the Reconquista was similar in Mediterranean Spain to that of his contemporary Ferdinand III of Castile in Andalusia. One of the main reasons for this formal renunciation of most of the once Catalan territories in Languedoc and Occitania and any expansion into them is the fact that he was raised by the Knights Templar crusaders, who had defeated his father fighting for the Pope alongside the French, so it was effectively forbidden for him to try to maintain the traditional influence of the Count of Barcelona that previously existed in Occitania and Languedoc. | Jacques d'Aragon dit le Conquérant ("Jacme", son prénom usuel en occitan, tel qu'il se nommait lui-même dans ses mémoires ; en catalan "Jaume el Conqueridor" ; en castillan "Jaime el Conquistador" ; en aragonais "Chaime o Conqueridor" ; "Iacobus", tel qu'il signait les documents officiels en latin), né le à Montpellier et mort le à Alzira, non loin de Valence, est roi d'Aragon et comte de Ribagorce de 1213 à 1276, comte de Barcelone, de Gérone, d'Osona, de Besalú, de Pallars Jussà, seigneur de Montpellier et baron d'Aumelas également de 1213 à 1276, comte d'Urgell de 1213 à 1218, de 1231 à 1236 et enfin de 1267 à 1276, roi de Majorque de 1229 à 1276, roi de Valence de 1239 à 1276, comte de Roussillon et de Cerdagne de 1241 à 1276. | [
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Heracleidae | Héraclides | In Greek mythology, the Heracleidae (; ) or Heraclids were the numerous descendants of Heracles (Hercules), especially applied in a narrower sense to the descendants of Hyllus, the eldest of his four sons by Deianira (Hyllus was also sometimes thought of as Heracles' son by Melite). Other Heracleidae included Macaria, Lamos, Manto, Bianor, Tlepolemus, and Telephus. These Heraclids were a group of Dorian kings who conquered the Peloponnesian kingdoms of Mycenae, Sparta and Argos; according to the literary tradition in Greek mythology, they claimed a right to rule through their ancestor. Since Karl Otfried Müller's "Die Dorier" (1830, English translation 1839), I. ch. 3, their rise to dominance has been associated with a "Dorian invasion". | Les Héraclides (en grec ancien ) sont les soixante fils d'Héraclès, et par extension ses descendants qui conquièrent le Péloponnèse. Au sens restreint, le terme désigne les fils d'Hyllos, fils du héros et de Déjanire. Parmi les autres Héraclides, on trouve les Thespiades, nés de l'union d'Héraclès avec les cinquante filles de Thespios. | [
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Jacques Arcadelt | Jacques Arcadelt | Jacques Arcadelt (also Jacob Arcadelt; 14 October 1568) was a Franco-Flemish composer of the Renaissance, active in both Italy and France, and principally known as a composer of secular vocal music. Although he also wrote sacred vocal music, he was one of the most famous of the early composers of madrigals; his first book of madrigals, published within a decade of the appearance of the earliest examples of the form, was the most widely printed collection of madrigals of the entire era. In addition to his work as a madrigalist, and distinguishing him from the other prominent early composers of madrigals – Philippe Verdelot and Costanzo Festa – he was equally prolific and adept at composing chansons, particularly late in his career when he lived in Paris. | Jacques Arcadelt [Jacobus, Jacob, Archadelt, Arcadet] (né le à Namur, mort le à Paris) est un chanteur et un compositeur de l’école franco-flamande, surtout actif à Florence, Rome et Paris. Sa riche production touche toutes les formes de musique en usage à son époque, en particulier le madrigal et la chanson. | [
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Stephen Frears | Stephen Frears | Stephen Arthur Frears (born 20 June 1941) is an English film and television director. Frears has directed numerous films since the 1980s including "My Beautiful Laundrette" (1985), "Dangerous Liaisons" (1988), "High Fidelity" (2000), "The Queen" (2006), "Philomena" (2013), and "Florence Foster Jenkins" (2016). He is also known for his work in television including, "The Deal" (2003), "A Very English Scandal" (2017), and "Quiz" (2020). | Stephen Frears, né le à Leicester (Midlands de l'Est), est un réalisateur et producteur anglais. Après avoir signé plusieurs drames sociaux anglais durant les années 1980, il s'impose en 1988 avec la comédie de mœurs en costumes "Les Liaisons dangereuses". Le réalisateur confirme sa francophilie quelques années plus tard en signant "Dirty Pretty Things" (2002), avec l'actrice Audrey Tautou, puis en tournant en France un nouveau film en costumes, "Chéri" (2009), avec Michelle Pfeiffer. Mais durant les années 2000, il réalise surtout plusieurs films aux États-Unis - dont "Mary Reilly" (1998) et "High Fidelity" (2000). | [
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Gamay | Gamay | Gamay is a purple-colored grape variety used to make red wines, most notably grown in Beaujolais and in the Loire Valley around Tours. Its full name is Gamay Noir à Jus Blanc. It is a very old cultivar, mentioned as long ago as the 15th century. It has been often cultivated because it makes for abundant production; however, it can produce wines of distinction when planted on acidic soils, which help to soften the grape's naturally high acidity. | Le gamay noir N est un cépage de cuve français. Il est parfois nommé gamay noir à jus blanc, pour le distinguer de ses cousins teinturiers. | [
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To Catch a Thief | La Main au collet | In May 2018, it was announced that Viacom was set to adapt the film as a Spanish-language television series. It was launched in October 2019 as "Atrapa a un ladrón" (). | La Main au collet (") est un film policier américain réalisé par Alfred Hitchcock, sorti en 1955. Le scénario, écrit par John Michael Hayes, adapté un roman de David Dodge portant le même titre. | [
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Matteo Ricci | Matteo Ricci | Matteo Ricci (; ; 6 October 1552 – 11 May 1610), was an Italian Jesuit priest and one of the founding figures of the Jesuit China missions. His 1602 map of the world in Chinese characters introduced the findings of European exploration to East Asia. He is considered a Servant of God by the Catholic Church. | Matteo Ricci, en, né le à Macerata et décédé le à Pékin, est un prêtre jésuite italien et missionnaire en Chine. Ricci inaugura le processus d'inculturation du christianisme en Chine. | [
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Roberto Benigni | Roberto Benigni | Roberto Remigio Benigni (; born 27 October 1952) is an Italian actor, comedian, screenwriter and director. He gained International fame for writing, directing and starring in the film "Life Is Beautiful" (1997), for which he won the Academy Award for Best Actor at the 71st Oscars Ceremony (the film also won Best Foreign Language Film). | Roberto Benigni, né le à Castiglion Fiorentino, en Toscane, est un acteur italien et aussi réalisateur de cinéma et de télévision. | [
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Beaujolais | Beaujolais (AOC) | Beaujolais () is a French "Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée" (AOC) wine generally made of the Gamay grape which has a thin skin and is low in tannins. Like most AOC wines they are not labeled varietally. Whites from the region, which make up only 1% of its production, are made mostly with Chardonnay grapes though Aligoté is also permitted until 2024 (on condition the vines were planted before 2004). Beaujolais tends to be a very light-bodied red wine, with relatively high amounts of acidity. In some vintages, Beaujolais produces more wine than the Burgundy wine regions of Chablis, Côte d'Or, Côte Chalonnaise and Mâconnais put together. | Le beaujolais est un vin français d'appellation d'origine contrôlée produit dans le nord du département du Rhône et sur quelques communes de Saône-et-Loire. | [
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Montcuq | Montcuq | Montcuq ( or ; Lengadocian: "Montcuc") is a former commune in the Lot department in south-western France, lying outside Cahors. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Montcuq-en-Quercy-Blanc. Its residents are known as "Montcuquois". | Montcuq () est une ancienne commune française située dans le département du Lot, en région Occitanie, devenue, le, une commune déléguée de la commune nouvelle de Montcuq-en-Quercy-Blanc. | [
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Valentine Strasser | Valentine Strasser | Valentine Esegragbo Melvine Strasser (born 26 April 1967) is an ex-military leader who served as head of state of Sierra Leone from 1992 to 1996. He had been a junior military officer but in 1992, he became the world's youngest Head of State when he seized power three days after his 25th birthday. He was the leading member in a group of six young Sierra Leonean soldiers who overthrew president Joseph Saidu Momoh in the 29 April 1992 military coup. They established a military junta called the National Provisional Ruling Council (NPRC). | Le capitaine Valentine Strasser (né le ) est un ancien militaire, ancien chef de l'État sierra-léonais à la suite d'un coup d'État, durant la guerre civile. | [
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The Royal Game | Le Joueur d'échecs | The Royal Game (also known as Chess Story; in the original German Schachnovelle, "Chess Novella") is a novella by the Austrian author Stefan Zweig written in 1941, the year before the author's death by suicide. In some editions, the title is used for a collection that also includes "Amok", "Burning Secret", "Fear", and "Letter From an Unknown Woman". | Le Joueur d’échecs, ou la Nouvelle du jeu d’échecs (), est une nouvelle de Stefan Zweig, publiée à titre posthume en 1943. C'est la dernière œuvre de Stefan Zweig, qu'il a écrite au Brésil pendant les derniers mois de sa vie, jusqu'à son suicide, le. | [
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South Park | South Park | South Park is an American animated sitcom created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone and developed by Brian Graden for the Comedy Central television network. The series revolves around four boys—Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick—and their exploits in and around the titular Colorado town. The show became infamous for its profanity and dark, surreal humor that satirizes a wide range of topics towards a mature audience. | La série met en scène les aventures de quatre enfants d'école primaire : Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman et Kenny McCormick qui vivent à South Park, petite ville du Colorado. Des phénomènes surnaturels ou des événements politiques motivent un grand nombre de leurs aventures. L'humour de la série se veut absurde, parodique, sarcastique, graveleux et scatologique, mais prend souvent quelques traits de maturité avec des touches de peinture critique et satirique de la société américaine. | [
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Amelanchier | Amélanchier | Amelanchier ( ), also known as shadbush, shadwood or shadblow, serviceberry or sarvisberry (or just sarvis), juneberry, saskatoon, sugarplum, wild-plum or chuckley pear, is a genus of about 20 species of deciduous-leaved shrubs and small trees in the rose family (Rosaceae). | Amelanchier est un genre d'arbustes ou d'arbres rustiques, les amélanchiers, composé de 26 espèces et appartenant à la famille des "Rosaceae", sous-famille des "Maloideae". Il est originaire d'Amérique du Nord, d'Asie (2 espèces) et d'Europe (1 seule espèce, "Amelanchier ovalis"). Dans l'Europe médiévale, l'amélanchier, surnommé l'« arbre aux oiseaux », était souvent planté dans le jardin des simples des monastères ou dans les cloîtres. | [
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Lothar de Maizière | Lothar de Maizière | Lothar de Maizière (; born 2 March 1940) is a German Christian Democratic politician. In 1990, he served as the only democratically elected prime minister of the German Democratic Republic, and as such was the last leader of an independent East Germany. | Lothar de Maizière, né le à Nordhausen, est un homme politique allemand, membre de la CDU est-allemande, premier et dernier Premier ministre démocratiquement élu de la RDA du 12 avril au, après les premières élections libres dans l'ancienne Allemagne de l'Est. | [
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Lester Young | Lester Young | Lester Willis Young (August 27, 1909 – March 15, 1959), nicknamed "Pres" or "Prez", was an American jazz tenor saxophonist and occasional clarinetist. | Lester Willis Young, surnommé le Prez (le président), né le 27 août 1909 à Woodville dans le Mississippi et mort le 15 mars 1959 à New York, est un saxophoniste, clarinettiste et compositeur afro-américain de jazz. | [
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Omar Bradley | Omar Bradley | Omar Nelson Bradley (February 12, 1893 – April 8, 1981) was a senior officer of the United States Army during and after World War II, holding the rank of General of the Army. Bradley was the first Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and oversaw the U.S. military's policy-making in the Korean War. | Omar Nelson Bradley, né le à Clark (Missouri), mort le à New York, est un militaire américain. Il a été l'un des principaux chefs de l'armée américaine sur les théâtres nord-africain et européen au cours de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Il a été élevé au grade de General of the Army et a été le premier chef d'État-Major inter-armes des États-Unis du au. | [
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Allium | Allium | Allium is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants that includes hundreds of species, including the cultivated onion, garlic, scallion, shallot, leek, and chives. The generic name "Allium" is the Latin word for garlic, and the type species for the genus is "Allium sativum" which means "cultivated garlic". | Le genre Allium regroupe des plantes monocotylédones de la famille des Amaryllidacées (certains auteurs l'ont classé dans les Liliacées). Ils sont un genre important dans l'alimentation humaine, qui comprend de nombreuses plantes alimentaires, condimentaires et aux vertus médicinales. | [
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John Blow | John Blow | John Blow (baptised 23 February 1649 – 1 October 1708) was an English Baroque composer and organist, appointed organist of Westminster Abbey in late 1668. His pupils included William Croft, Jeremiah Clarke and Henry Purcell. In 1685 he was named a private musician to James II. His only stage composition, "Venus and Adonis" (ca. 1680–1687), is thought to have influenced Henry Purcell's later opera "Dido and Aeneas". In 1687 he became choirmaster at St Paul's Cathedral, where many of his pieces were performed. In 1699 he was appointed to the newly created post of Composer to the Chapel Royal. | John Blow est un organiste et compositeur anglais de musique baroque, né en février 1649 et mort le. Il a été organiste de l'abbaye de Westminster à partir de 1668, et plus tard, aumônier et maître de chapelle de la cathédrale Saint-Paul de Londres. Il fut aussi nommé à la Chapelle Royale par Jacques II. Parmi ses élèves, on compte William Croft, Jeremiah Clarke et Henry Purcell. Il fut un fidèle ami de ce dernier. D'ailleurs, l'âge venant, il lui céda sa place de titulaire de l'orgue de Westminster mais la reprit après sa mort prématurée. | [
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Rheum (plant) | Rhubarbe | Rheum is a genus of about 60 herbaceous perennial plants in the family Polygonaceae. Species are native to eastern Europe, southern and eastern temperate Asia, with a few reaching into northern tropical Asia. "Rheum" is cultivated in Europe and North America. The genus includes the vegetable rhubarb. The species have large somewhat triangular shaped leaves with long, fleshy petioles. The flowers are small, greenish-white to rose-red, and grouped in large compound leafy inflorescences. A number of cultivars of rhubarb have been domesticated both as medicinal plants and for human consumption. While the leaves are slightly toxic, the stalks are used in pies and other foods for their tart flavor. | La rhubarbe (genre "Rheum") est le nom commun d'une trentaine d'espèces de plantes herbacées vivaces de la famille des Polygonacées. Le genre "Rheum" inclut la rhubarbe des jardins, "Rheum rhabarbarum" ou "Rheum x hybridum", dont les pétioles des feuilles, ou bâtons de rhubarbe, sont consommés, le plus souvent cuits, en tartes, en confiture, en compote ou comme légume. | [
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Battle of Monte Cassino | Bataille de Monte Cassino | The Battle of Monte Cassino (also known as the Battle for Rome and the Battle for Cassino) was a costly series of four assaults by the Allies against the Winter Line in Italy held by Axis forces during the Italian Campaign of World War II. The intention was a breakthrough to Rome. | La bataille de Monte Cassino (les termes « bataille du Mont-Cassin » ou « bataille du mont Cassin » sont aussi utilisés en français) couvre une série de quatre batailles de la Seconde Guerre mondiale livrées, autour du mont Cassin de janvier à mai 1944, par les Alliés contre les forces allemandes pour percer la ligne Gustave, afin de faire la jonction avec les forces débarquées à Anzio (à environ une centaine de kilomètres à vol d'oiseau à l'ouest du mont) et d'occuper Rome. | [
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Battle of Ulm | Bataille d'Ulm | The Battle of Ulm on 16–19 October 1805 was a series of skirmishes, at the end of the Ulm Campaign, which allowed Napoleon I to trap an entire Austrian army under the command of Karl Freiherr Mack von Leiberich with minimal losses and to force its surrender near Ulm in the Electorate of Bavaria. | La bataille d’Ulm est une importante victoire remportée par la Grande Armée de sur une armée autrichienne commandée par le général Karl Mack, entre le 23 et le 28 vendémiaire an XIV (15 et ). Elle est remportée essentiellement par des manœuvres habiles de l’Empereur, qui pousse son adversaire à s’enfermer dans Ulm, où il doit rapidement faire sa reddition. Elle occasionne ainsi peu de morts du côté français. | [
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Lexington, Kentucky | Lexington (Kentucky) | Lexington is the second-largest city in Kentucky and the 60th-largest city in the United States. Known as the "Horse Capital of the World," it is the heart of the state's Bluegrass region. Notable locations in the city include the Kentucky Horse Park, The Red Mile and Keeneland race courses, Rupp Arena, Transylvania University, the University of Kentucky, and Bluegrass Community and Technical College. Lexington ranks 10th among US cities in college education rate, with 39.5% of residents having at least a bachelor's degree. | Lexington est une ville américaine, siège du comté de Fayette au Kentucky. Considérée comme étant la « capitale mondiale du cheval », la ville est située dans la région du Bluegrass (l'herbe bleue), célèbre pour sa musique populaire et ses pâturages. Le centre-ville de Lexington abrite le campus principal de l'université du Kentucky. Selon le dernier recensement fédéral (2010), Lexington compte au sein d'une agglomération de. C'est la deuxième ville et la deuxième aire urbaine du Kentucky après Louisville. | [
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Frankfort, Kentucky | Frankfort (Kentucky) | Frankfort is the capital city of the Commonwealth of Kentucky and the seat of Franklin County. It is a home rule-class city in Kentucky; the population was 25,527 at the 2010 census. Located along the Kentucky River, Frankfort is the principal city of the Frankfort, Kentucky Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Franklin and Anderson counties. | La ville de Frankfort est la capitale de l’État du Kentucky, aux États-Unis, ainsi que le siège du comté de Franklin. C'est la quatrième plus petite capitale d'un État américain (après Montpelier dans le Vermont, Pierre dans le Dakota du Sud et Augusta dans le Maine). Sa population était de habitants au recensement de 2010 (à comparer au près des habitants de Louisville, la plus grande ville de l'État). Frankfort est située sur le bord de la rivière Kentucky, dans le nord-est de l'État. Elle est distante de Lexington de en direction sud-est, et de Louisville de en direction ouest. | [
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Leopard 2 | Leopard 2 | The Leopard 2 is a main battle tank developed by Krauss-Maffei in the 1970s for the West German Army. The tank first entered service in 1979 and succeeded the earlier Leopard 1 as the main battle tank of the German Army. It is armed with a 120 mm smoothbore cannon, and is powered by a V-12 twin-turbo diesel engine. Various versions have served in the armed forces of Germany and 12 other European countries, as well as several non-European nations, including Canada, Chile, Indonesia, Singapore, and Turkey. The Leopard 2 was used in Kosovo with the German Army, and has seen action in Afghanistan with the Dutch, Danish and Canadian contributions to the International Security Assistance Force, as well as seeing action in Syria with the Turkish Armed Forces against ISIS and the YPG. | Le Leopard 2 est un char de combat allemand développé initialement pour remplacer les M48 "Patton" utilisés par la Bundeswehr et évoluer aux côtés du Leopard 1 déjà en service. Le Leopard 2 surpassait ce dernier dans le domaine de la mobilité, de la protection et de la puissance de feu. Sa bonne réputation est reconnue au niveau international. | [
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Priene | Priène | Priene (; ) was an ancient Greek city of Ionia (and member of the Ionian League) at the base of an escarpment of Mycale, about north of the then course of the Maeander (now called the Büyük Menderes or "Big Maeander") River, from ancient Anthea, from ancient Aneon and from ancient Miletus. It was built on the sea coast, overlooking the former Latmian Gulf of the Aegean on steep slopes and terraces extending from sea level to a height of above sea level at the top of the escarpment. Today, after several centuries of changes in the landscape, it is an inland site. It is located at a short distance west of the modern village Güllübahçe Turun in the Söke district of Aydın Province, Turkey. | Priène (en grec ancien Πριήνη) est une cité grecque d'Ionie (Asie Mineure), située sur l'embouchure du Méandre. Les ruines de Priène, bien conservées, se trouvent sur le territoire du village de Samum Kalesi, dans la province d'Aydın en Turquie, quelques kilomètres à l'ouest du village actuel de Doğanbey. | [
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171651,
31804,
5,
2
] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Barn (unit) | Barn | A barn (symbol: b) is a non-SI metric unit of area equal to (or 100 fm). Originally used in nuclear physics for expressing the cross sectional area of nuclei and nuclear reactions, today it is also used in all fields of high-energy physics to express the cross sections of any scattering process, and is best understood as a measure of the probability of interaction between small particles. A barn is approximately the cross-sectional area of a uranium nucleus. The barn is also the unit of area used in nuclear quadrupole resonance and nuclear magnetic resonance to quantify the interaction of a nucleus with an electric field gradient. While the barn never was an SI unit, the SI standards body acknowledged it in the 8th SI Brochure (superseded in 2019) due to its use in particle physics. | Le barn (symbole b) est une unité d'aire employée spécialement en physique nucléaire et en physique des particules pour exprimer les sections efficaces. | [
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636,
4140,
15,
176726,
13,
876,
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437,
773,
51,
5097,
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199,
40059,
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40808,
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2
] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Binomial coefficient | Coefficient binomial | In mathematics, the binomial coefficients are the positive integers that occur as coefficients in the binomial theorem. Commonly, a binomial coefficient is indexed by a pair of integers and is written formula_1 It is the coefficient of the term in the polynomial expansion of the binomial power, and it is given by the formula | En mathématiques, les coefficients binomiaux, définis pour tout entier naturel et tout entier naturel inférieur ou égal à, donnent le nombre de parties de éléments dans un ensemble de éléments. On les note formula_1 (lu « "k" parmi "n" » ) ou (lu « combinaison de "k" parmi "n" »). | [
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542,
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1837,
23,
543,
4046,
4,
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70,
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3089,
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Linear function (calculus) | Fonction affine | In calculus and related areas of mathematics, a linear function from the real numbers to the real numbers is a function whose graph (in Cartesian coordinates) is a line in the plane. The characteristic property of linear functions is that when the input variable is changed, the change in the output is proportional to the change in the input. | En analyse, une fonction affine est une fonction obtenue par addition et multiplication de la variable par des constantes. Elle peut donc s'écrire sous la forme : formula_1 où les paramètres et ne dépendent pas de. | [
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Brink of Life | Au seuil de la vie | Brink of Life, (, and known as So Close to Life in the UK) is a 1958 Swedish drama film directed by Ingmar Bergman. Bergman won the Best Director Award and Andersson, Dahlbeck, Ornäs and Thulin won the Best Actress Award at the 1958 Cannes Film Festival. | Au seuil de la vie ("Nära livet") est un film suédois d'Ingmar Bergman, sorti en 1958. Condensé des thèmes de Bergman sur la vie, la mort, le couple et la famille à travers la grossesse et la naissance, en continuité et en parallèle avec "Les Fraises sauvages". | [
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Hyōgo Prefecture | Préfecture de Hyōgo | Kōbe is the capital and largest city of Hyōgo Prefecture, and the sixth-largest city in Japan, with other major cities including Himeji, Nishinomiya, and Amagasaki. Hyōgo Prefecture's mainland stretches from the Sea of Japan to the Seto Inland Sea, where Awaji Island and a small archipelago of islands belonging to the prefecture are located. Hyōgo Prefecture is a major economic center, transportation hub, and tourist destination in western Japan, with 20% of the prefecture's land area was designated as Natural Parks. Hyōgo Prefecture forms part of the Keihanshin metropolitan area, the second-most-populated urban region in Japan after the Greater Tokyo area and one of the world's most productive regions by GDP. | La est une préfecture du Japon, située dans la région du Kansai et au centre-ouest de l'île de Honshū. Elle s'étend également sur l'île naturelle d'Awaji et les îles artificielles de Rokkō et de l'île du Port. Sa ville principale est Kobe. Les autres centres urbains importants sont Himeji, Akashi et Amagasaki. | [
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Nafpaktos | Naupacte | Nafpaktos (), known as Lepanto during part of its history, is a town and a former municipality in Aetolia Akarnania, West Greece, Greece, situated on a bay on the north coast of the Gulf of Corinth, west of the mouth of the river Mornos. | Naupacte (en grec ancien Ναύπακτος, "Naupaktos") est une ancienne cité de Locride, en Grèce, située sur la côte septentrionale du golfe de Corinthe. À l'époque moderne, elle s'appelait Lépante. | [
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Viaduct | Viaduc | A viaduct is a bridge composed of several small spans for crossing a valley, dry or wetland, or forming an overpass or flyover. | Un viaduc est un ouvrage d'art, routier ou ferroviaire, passant au-dessus d'une rivière, un bras de mer ou tout autre obstacle et qui présente une hauteur ou une longueur, parfois les deux, plus grande que celle qu'exigerait la seule traversée de la rivière ou de la voie à franchir. Il est couramment utilisé en Chine pour des voies surélevées à un ou plusieurs niveaux dans les villes, permettant de désengorger le trafic, ou dans les campagnes, permettant de préserver forêts ou champs et vallées. | [
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Heliox | Héliox | Heliox is a breathing gas composed of a mixture of helium (He) and oxygen (O). Heliox is a medical treatment for patients with difficulty breathing. The mixture generates less resistance than atmospheric air when passing through the airways of the lungs, and thus requires less effort by a patient to breathe in and out of the lungs. | L'héliox est un mélange gazeux d'hélium et d'oxygène utilisé en médecine ainsi que pour la plongée sous-marine en eaux profondes, par exemple "off-shore". | [
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Helena, Montana | Helena (Montana) | Helena (; ) is the state capital of the U.S. state of Montana and the county seat of Lewis and Clark County. | La ville de Helena (en anglais ) est la capitale de l’État du Montana, aux États-Unis. Elle est également le siège du comté de Lewis et Clark. Sa population s’élevait à lors du recensement, estimée à. | [
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Cleomenes III | Cléomène III | Cleomenes III () was one of the two kings of Sparta from 235 to 222 BC. He was a member of the Agiad dynasty and succeeded his father, Leonidas II. He is known for his attempts to reform the Spartan state. | Issu de la famille des Agiades, Cléomène III est le fils de Léonidas II. On peut considérer Cléomène III comme le dernier roi d'envergure de Sparte. Acquis à l'idée d'une réforme radicale de la société lacédémonienne, il s'est efforcé de lui rendre sa grandeur passée en cherchant à restaurer le projet social et politique de Lycurgue. Dans un premier temps, Cléomène cherche à obtenir des succès militaires face à la ligue achéenne pour que, dans un deuxième temps, il puisse bénéficier d’un prestige suffisant afin de mettre en place sa politique de réformes. De retour à Sparte après une expédition en Arcadie, il réussit un coup d’État en 227 av. J.-C. qui se conclut par des réformes radicales du système politique afin de restaurer la puissance spartiate. Fidèle à l’esprit réactionnaire de son époque, Cléomène cherche à revenir à la constitution originelle de Lycurgue. Pour ce faire, Cléomène supprime l'éphorat, fait exécuter les éphores titulaires, avant d'annoncer la restauration des institutions traditionnelles spartiates comme les syssities ou l'agogè. Cléomène procède également à un partage des terres et à une abolition des dettes. Il confère la citoyenneté à Périèques, ce qui permet de renforcer les effectifs militaires qui s'étaient progressivement effondrés. Dans la continuité, il fait équiper la phalange spartiate à la macédonienne. | [
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Augusta, Maine | Augusta (Maine) | Augusta is the state capital of the U.S. state of Maine and the county seat of Kennebec County. The city's population was 19,136 at the 2010 census, making it the third-least populous state capital in the United States after Montpelier, Vermont, and Pierre, South Dakota, and the ninth-most populous city in Maine. Located on the Kennebec River at the head of tide, Augusta is home to the University of Maine at Augusta. Augusta is also the principal city in the "Augusta-Waterville Micropolitan Statistical Area". | La ville d’Augusta est la capitale de l'État du Maine, aux États-Unis, sur la rivière Kennebec, et siège du comté de Kennebec. Lors du recensement de 2010, sa population s'élevait à, ce qui en fait la neuvième ville de l'État en nombre d'habitants et l'antépénultième capitale d’État la moins peuplée des États-Unis après Montpelier dans le Vermont et Pierre dans le Dakota du Sud. | [
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Portland, Maine | Portland (Maine) | Portland is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Maine and the seat of Cumberland County. Portland's population was 66,215 as of 2019. The Greater Portland metropolitan area is home to over half a million people, more than one-third of Maine's total population, making it the most populous metropolitan area in northern New England (an area comprising the states of Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont) and the 105th-largest in the United States. Portland's economy relies mostly on the service sector and tourism. The Old Port district is known for its 19th-century architecture and nightlife. Marine industry still plays an important role in the city's economy, with an active waterfront that supports fishing and commercial shipping. The Port of Portland is the largest tonnage seaport in New England. | Portland est une ville du nord-est des États-Unis, la plus peuplée de l'État du Maine et siège du comté de Cumberland. Sa population s’élevait à lors du recensement, estimée à. L'aire métropolitaine du Grand Portland abrite, soit plus d'un tiers de la population totale de l'État. Le nouveau port de la ville en pleine renaissance est devenu le premier port de la Nouvelle-Angleterre. | [
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Navarch | Navarque | Navarch (, ) is an Anglicisation of a Greek word meaning "leader of the ships", which in some states became the title of an office equivalent to that of a modern admiral. | Le navarque (en grec ancien /, de /, « le bateau » et /, « le commandement »), littéralement le « commandant de navire », est le titre militaire donné aux capitaines de vaisseaux de guerre dans la Grèce antique. À Sparte, c'est une magistrature importante donnant le commandement de la flotte. Mais on trouve également des navarques à Athènes. | [
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Pound (mass) | Livre (unité de masse) | The pound or pound-mass is a unit of mass used in the imperial, United States customary and other systems of measurement. Various definitions have been used; the most common today is the international avoirdupois pound, which is legally defined as exactly, and which is divided into 16 avoirdupois ounces. The international standard symbol for the avoirdupois pound is lb; an alternative symbol is lb (for most pound definitions), # (chiefly in the U.S.), and ℔ or ′′̶ (specifically for the apothecaries' pound). | La livre est une unité de masse, divisée en onces, tombée en désuétude dans de nombreux pays depuis l’adoption du système métrique par ceux-ci. La livre couramment utilisée de nos jours est soit la livre anglaise qui pèse exactement, soit la livre métrique d'un demi kilogramme (exactement ). | [
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United Nations peacekeeping | Force de maintien de la paix des Nations unies | Peacekeeping by the United Nations is a role held by the Department of Peace Operations as "a unique and dynamic instrument developed by the organization as a way to help countries torn by conflict to create the conditions for lasting peace". It is distinguished from peacebuilding, peacemaking, and peace enforcement although the United Nations does acknowledge that all activities are "mutually reinforcing" and that overlap between them is frequent in practice. | La Force de maintien de la paix de l'Organisation des Nations unies (couramment Casques bleus en référence à la couleur bleue de leur casque) est une force militaire ayant pour rôle le, sur ordre du Conseil de sécurité ou à la demande de l'Assemblée générale, agissant en vertu de la résolution 377, des Nations unies. Ainsi, a-t-elle été envoyée dans plusieurs zones de conflits pour protéger la population civile ou encore servir de force d'interposition. | [
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Grammatical person | Personne (grammaire) | In linguistics, grammatical person is the grammatical distinction between deictic references to participant(s) in an event; typically the distinction is between the speaker (first person), the addressee (second person), and others (third person). Put in simple colloquial English, first person is that which includes the speaker, namely, "I", "we", "me", and "us", second person is the person or people spoken to, literally, "you", and third person includes all that is not listed above. (she, he, they, etc.) Grammatical person typically defines a language's set of personal pronouns. It also frequently affects verbs, and sometimes nouns or possessive relationships. | En linguistique et en grammaire, la personne représente le trait grammatical décrivant le rôle qu'occupent les acteurs d'un dialogue (émetteur, récepteur, référents extérieurs au dialogue). Les verbes, les déterminants et pronoms personnels, principalement, sont concernés par la distinction de personne. Les noms peuvent aussi l'être, surtout dans les cas de possession indiquée par un suffixe personnel. En celtique, de plus, les prépositions peuvent aussi se fléchir selon la personne. | [
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Louisville, Kentucky | Louisville (Kentucky) | Louisville (,,, ) is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Kentucky and the 29th most-populous city in the United States. It is one of two cities in Kentucky designated as first-class, the other being Lexington, the state's second-largest city. Louisville is the historical seat and, since 2003, the nominal seat of Jefferson County, on the Indiana border. | Louisville (prononcé en anglais ) est la plus grande ville de l'État du Kentucky, aux États-Unis. Elle est située dans le nord du Kentucky, le long de la rivière Ohio qui fait office de frontière avec l'État voisin de l'Indiana. Louisville est le siège du comté de Jefferson et son agglomération s'étend jusqu'au sud de l'Indiana, ce qui lui vaut le surnom de "Kentuckiana". Avec ses en 2010, appelés "Louisvillians", la commune est classée en des villes les plus peuplées du pays. L'aire urbaine de Louisville compte, la du pays. | [
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History of Sparta | Histoire de Sparte | The History of Sparta describes the destiny of the ancient Dorian Greek state known as Sparta from its beginning in the legendary period to its incorporation into the Achaean League under the late Roman Republic, as Allied State, in 146 BC, a period of roughly 1000 years. Since the Dorians were not the first to settle the valley of the Eurotas River in the Peloponnesus of Greece, the preceding Mycenaean and Stone Age periods are described as well. Sparta went on to become a district of modern Greece. Brief mention is made of events in the post-classical periods. | Sparte (en grec ancien /, en dorien / ), ou Lacédémone (en grec / ) est, avec Athènes et Thèbes, l'une des plus puissantes cités-États de Grèce antique. C'est aujourd'hui une petite ville de Laconie. | [
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Bridges of Lyon | Liste des ponts de Lyon | This is a list of bridges in the French city of Lyon on the Rhône and Saône rivers, ordered from upstream to downstream portions of the river. | Cet article dresse une liste des ponts (viaducs) et passerelles de Lyon sur le Rhône et la Saône, ordonnés d'amont en aval. | [
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Humphrey Bogart | Humphrey Bogart | Humphrey DeForest Bogart (; December 25, 1899January 14, 1957) was an American film and stage actor. His performances in Classical Hollywood cinema films made him an American cultural icon. In 1999, the American Film Institute selected Bogart as the greatest male star of classic American cinema. | Humphrey Bogart est un acteur américain né le à New York et mort le à Los Angeles. Surnommé « Bogey » ou « Bogie » par son public, il demeure encore aujourd’hui l'un des mythes les plus incontestables de l’histoire du cinéma. | [
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