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Complex plane | Plan complexe | In mathematics, the complex plane or "z"-plane is a geometric representation of the complex numbers established by the real axis and the perpendicular imaginary axis. It can be thought of as a modified Cartesian plane, with the real part of a complex number represented by a displacement along the x-axis, and the imaginary part by a displacement along the y-axis. | En mathématiques, le plan complexe (aussi appelé plan d'Argand, plan d'Argand-Cauchy ou plan d'Argand-Gauss) désigne un plan, muni d'un repère orthonormé, dont chaque point est la représentation graphique d'un nombre complexe unique. | [
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Imaginary number | Nombre imaginaire pur | An imaginary number is a complex number that can be written as a real number multiplied by the imaginary unit, which is defined by its property. The square of an imaginary number is. For example, is an imaginary number, and its square is. Zero is considered to be both real and imaginary. | Un nombre imaginaire pur est un nombre complexe qui s'écrit sous la forme avec réel, étant l'unité imaginaire. Par exemple, et sont des imaginaires purs. Ce sont les nombres complexes dont la partie réelle est nulle. L'ensemble des imaginaires purs est donc égal à R (aussi noté ). | [
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Miou-Miou | Miou-Miou | Miou-Miou (; born Sylvette Herry on 22 February 1950) is a French actress. A 10-time César Award nominee, she won the César Award for Best Actress for the 1979 film "Memoirs of a French Whore". Her other films include "This Sweet Sickness" (1977), "Entre Nous" (1983), "May Fools" (1990), "Germinal" (1993), "Dry Cleaning" (1997) and "Arrêtez-moi" (2013). In her career she has worked with a number of international directors, including Michel Gondry, Bertrand Blier, Claude Berri, Jacques Deray, Patrice Leconte, Joseph Losey and Louis Malle. | Sylvette Herry, dite Miou-Miou, est une actrice française née le à Paris ( arr.). Elle a été nommée dix fois au César de la meilleure actrice et l'a emporté une seule fois, pour "La Dérobade" (1980). | [
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Allegory | Allégorie | As a literary device, an allegory is a narrative in which a character, place, or event is used to deliver a broader message about real-world issues and occurrences. Authors have used allegory throughout history in all forms of art to illustrate or convey complex ideas and concepts in ways that are comprehensible or striking to its viewers, readers, or listeners. | Une allégorie (du grec : /, « autre chose », et /, « parler en public ») est une forme de représentation indirecte qui emploie une chose (une personne, un être animé, inanimé ou une action) comme signe d'une autre chose, cette dernière étant souvent une idée abstraite ou une notion morale difficile à représenter directement. Elle représente donc une idée abstraite par du concret. En littérature, l'allégorie est une figure rhétorique qui consiste à exprimer une idée en utilisant une histoire ou une représentation qui doit servir de support comparatif. La signification étymologique est « une autre manière de dire », au moyen d'une image figurative ou figurée. | [
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White Russian (cocktail) | Russe blanc (boisson) | A White Russian (Russian language: Белый Русский) is a cocktail made with vodka, coffee liqueur (e.g., Kahlúa or Tia Maria) and cream served with ice in an Old Fashioned glass. Often milk or half and half will be used as an alternative to cream. | Le Russe blanc, également appelé White Russian ou Caucasien, est un cocktail à base de vodka, de liqueur de café et de crème (ou de lait), servi avec de la glace dans un verre type Old Fashioned. On peut également y ajouter du lait concentré sucré et une gousse de vanille (ou quelques gouttes d'extrait de vanille). | [
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Cosmopolitan (cocktail) | Cosmopolitan (cocktail) | A cosmopolitan, or informally a cosmo, is a cocktail made with vodka, triple sec, cranberry juice, and freshly squeezed or sweetened lime juice. | Le Cosmopolitan (ou Cosmo) est un cocktail de couleur rose, classique des cocktail officiel de l'IBA, à base de vodka, de triple sec, de citron vert, et de jus de canneberge. | [
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Rum and Coke | Cuba libre | Rum and Coke, or the Cuba libre (;, "Free Cuba"), is a highball cocktail consisting of cola, rum, and in many recipes lime juice on ice. Traditionally, the cola ingredient is Coca-Cola ("Coke"), and the alcohol is a light rum such as Bacardi. However, the drink may be made with various types of rums and cola brands, and lime juice may or may not be included. | Le Cuba libre, ou rhum-Coca, ou rum and Coke aux États-Unis et au Canada anglophone et francophone, ou cuba en Espagne et roncola au Mexique, est un cocktail contenant du rhum, du lime et du cola. | [
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Tequila sunrise (cocktail) | Tequila sunrise | The tequila sunrise is a cocktail made of tequila, orange juice, and grenadine syrup, and served unmixed in a tall glass. The modern drink originates from Sausalito, California in the early 1970s after an earlier one created in the 1930s in Phoenix, Arizona. The cocktail is named for its appearance when served—with gradations of color resembling a sunrise. | Le tequila sunrise est un cocktail à base de tequila, de jus d'orange, et de grenadine qui au fond du verre donne l'effet d'un lever de soleil (sunrise) ce qui a inspiré le nom de la boisson. | [
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Daiquiri | Daïquiri | Daiquiri (; ) is a family of cocktails whose main ingredients are rum, citrus juice (typically lime juice), and sugar or other sweetener. | Le daïquiri est un cocktail dont les ingrédients principaux sont le rhum blanc, le jus de lime et le sucre. Il est originaire de Cuba. | [
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Piña colada | Piña colada | The piña colada (;, "pineapple", and, "strained") is a sweet cocktail made with rum, cream of coconut or coconut milk, and pineapple juice, usually served either blended or shaken with ice. It may be garnished with either a pineapple wedge, maraschino cherry, or both. There are two versions of the drink, but both are credited to originate in Puerto Rico. | La piña colada ("piña", ananas, et " colar", filtré, en espagnol) est un cocktail officiel de l'IBA, à base de rhum, de jus d'ananas et de crème de noix de coco, originaire de l’île de Porto Rico des grandes Antilles de la mer des Caraïbes, dont elle est déclarée boisson nationale depuis 1978. | [
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Provinces of Spain | Provinces d'Espagne | Spain and its autonomous communities are divided into fifty provinces (, ; sing. "provincia"). Spain's provincial system was recognized in its 1978 constitution but its origin dates back to 1833. Ceuta, Melilla and the Plazas de soberanía are not part of any provinces. | La province est une division territoriale d'Espagne, reconnue par la constitution espagnole de 1978, mais définie depuis 1833. L'Espagne est constituée de 50 provinces qui structurent le territoire du pays, à l'exception des deux villes autonomes de Ceuta et Melilla, qui ne relèvent pas de l'organisation provinciale. Depuis 1978, les provinces disposent de moins de pouvoirs que les qui jouissent d'une assez large autonomie par rapport au gouvernement central. Chaque communauté autonome est composée d'une ou plusieurs provinces. Sept communautés autonomes sont composées d'une seule province : Asturies, Îles Baléares, Cantabrie, La Rioja, Communauté de Madrid, la Région de Murcie et la Navarre. | [
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Laurent-Désiré Kabila | Laurent-Désiré Kabila | Laurent-Désiré Kabila (French pronunciation: lo.ʁɑ̃ de.zi.ʁe ka.bi.la) (November 27, 1939 – January 16, 2001), or simply Laurent Kabila ( ), was a Congolese revolutionary and politician who served as the third President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo from May 17, 1997, when he overthrew Mobutu Sese Seko, until his assassination by one of his bodyguards on January 16, 2001. He was succeeded eight days later by his 29-year-old son Joseph. | Laurent-Désiré Kabila (né le à Jadotville et mort le à Kinshasa) est un homme d'État congolais. Il est Président de la République démocratique du Congo de jusqu’à son assassinat en. | [
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Sui dynasty | Dynastie Sui | The Sui dynasty () was a short-lived imperial dynasty of China of pivotal significance. The Sui unified the Northern and Southern dynasties and reinstalled the rule of ethnic Chinese in the entirety of China proper, along with sinicization of former nomadic ethnic minorities (Five Barbarians) within its territory. It was succeeded by the Tang dynasty, which largely inherited its foundation. | La dynastie Sui () () succède aux dynasties du Nord et du Sud et précède la dynastie Tang, en Chine. La dynastie Sui est une dynastie pivot dans l'histoire de la Chine dans la mesure où elle met fin à quatre siècles de division, et impose par ses réformes et ses grands travaux une unité qui sera à partir d'elle vue comme naturelle. | [
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Joseph Kabila | Joseph Kabila | Joseph Kabila Kabange (, ; born 4 June 1971) is a Congolese politician who served as President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo between January 2001 and January 2019. He took office ten days after the assassination of his father, President Laurent-Désiré Kabila. He was elected as President in 2006 and re-elected in 2011 for a second term. Since stepping down after the 2018 election, Kabila, as a former president, will be a senator for life, according to the Constitution of the DRC. | Joseph Kabila, né le à Hewa Bora II dans le territoire de Fizi (province du Sud-Kivu), est un homme d'État kino-congolais. Il est président de la République démocratique du Congo du au et sénateur à vie depuis le. | [
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Zhou dynasty | Dynastie Zhou | The Zhou dynasty ( ) was a Chinese dynasty that followed the Shang dynasty and preceded the Qin dynasty. The Zhou dynasty lasted longer than any other dynasty in Chinese history (790 years). The military control of China by the royal house, surnamed Ji, lasted initially from 1046 until 771 BC for a period known as the Western Zhou and the political sphere of influence it created continued well into the Eastern Zhou period for another 500 years. | La dynastie Zhou () est selon l'historiographie traditionnelle la troisième dynastie chinoise. Dirigée par des rois appartenant au clan Jī (), elle prend le pouvoir au (vers 1046 av. J.-C.), faisant suite à la dynastie Shang, et reste en place jusqu'en 256 av. J.-C., date à laquelle s'achève le règne du dernier roi des Zhou. Elle s'éteint en 256 av. J.-C. puis son territoire est intégré au royaume de Qin en 249 av. J.-C.. Cette longévité fait de la dynastie Zhou la plus longue de toutes celles qui se sont succédé ou concurrencées durant l'Histoire de la Chine. | [
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Anastasia of Sirmium | Anastasie d'Illyrie | Saint Anastasia (died 25 December, A.D. 304) is a Christian saint and martyr who died at Sirmium in the Roman province of Pannonia Secunda (modern Serbia). In the Orthodox Church, she is venerated as St. Anastasia the "Pharmakolytria", i.e. "Deliverer from Potions" (). | Anastasie d'Illyrie (Rome, - Sirmium, ) est une martyre chrétienne reconnue sainte par l'Église catholique et l'Église orthodoxe. La basilique Sant'Anastasia al Palatino de Rome lui est dédiée. | [
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La Seu d'Urgell | La Seu d'Urgell | La Seu d'Urgell (;, formerly in ) is a town located in the Catalan Pyrenees in Spain. La Seu d'Urgell is also the capital of the comarca Alt Urgell, head of the judicial district of la Seu d'Urgell and the seat of Bishop of Urgell, one of the Andorra co-princes. It is in the district of Alt Pirineu i Aran ("High Pyrenees and Aran"), and is the town with the most inhabitants, having 17.4% of the district population. La Seu d'Urgell and Puigcerdà together have 30% of the population of the area. | La Seu d'Urgell (en espagnol "Seo de Urgel" et anciennement "Urgell" ou "Ciutat d'Urgell") est une ville espagnole située dans les Pyrénées catalanes, capitale de la comarque de l'Alt Urgell (province de Lérida, communauté autonome espagnole de Catalogne). Elle est le siège du diocèse d'Urgell (en catalan, "Seu" voulant dire « siège »), dont l'évêque est, avec le président de la République française, coprince d'Andorre. La ville était le noyau du comté d'Urgell. | [
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Voyeurism | Voyeurisme | Voyeurism is the sexual interest in or practice of watching other people engaged in intimate behaviors, such as undressing, sexual activity, or other actions usually considered to be of a private nature. | Le voyeurisme est un terme à connotation morale et pénale, qui décrit un comportement ou une tendance « voyeuriste », c’est-à-dire basé sur l'attirance à observer l'intimité ou la nudité d'une personne ou d'un groupe de personnes dans des conditions particulières en cherchant à y éprouver une jouissance et/ou une excitation (délectation voyeuriste). Les pratiques voyeuristes peuvent prendre plusieurs formes, mais leur caractéristique principale est que le voyeur n'interagit pas directement avec son sujet, celui-ci ignorant souvent qu'il est observé. Le « voyeur » est souvent représenté observant la situation de loin, en regardant par une ouverture, un trou de serrure ou en utilisant des moyens techniques comme des jumelles, un miroir, une caméra, etc. | [
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Gang bang | Gang bang | A gang bang is a situation in which several people, usually more than three, engage in physical sexual activity with one specific person sequentially or at the same time. That specific person is the central focus of the sexual activity; for example, it could be one woman surrounded by several men, or a man with multiple women (a "reverse" gang bang). The term has become associated with the porn industry and usually describes a staged event whereby a woman has sex with several men in direct succession; it is a consensual performance and not to be confused with gang rape. Bukkake is a type of gang bang originating in Japan that focuses on the male participants ejaculating in quick succession onto the central person. | Le gang bang (dérivé de l'anglais ) est une forme de pornographie. Définie par le "Oxford English Dictionary" comme une pratique orgiaque avec changement de partenaire, elle est considérée par le journaliste, essayiste et romancier français Frédéric Joignot comme violente et visant à l'humiliation ou à la « démolition » d'une femme ou d'un homme par plusieurs partenaires. Le terme est utilisé dans les médias au sens de forme de sexualité de groupe librement consentie entre une femme et plusieurs hommes. | [
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The Pentagon | Pentagone (États-Unis) | The Pentagon is the headquarters building of the United States Department of Defense. As a symbol of the U.S. military, the phrase "The Pentagon" is also often used as a metonym for the Department of Defense and its leadership. | Le Pentagone (en anglais : "The Pentagon") est un bâtiment qui se trouve à Arlington en Virginie, près de Washington, la capitale fédérale des États-Unis. Cet édifice abrite le quartier général du département de la Défense. En 2009, plus de y travaillent, parmi lesquelles des civils et des militaires. Son nom provient de la forme de son plan, un pentagone, et sert couramment à désigner le département de la Défense. | [
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Edward VIII | Édouard VIII | Edward VIII, later Prince Edward, Duke of Windsor (Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David; 23 June 1894 – 28 May 1972), was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Empire, and Emperor of India, from 20 January 1936 until his abdication on 11 December of that year. | Édouard VIII ("Edward VIII" en anglais), né le et mort le, fut roi du Royaume-Uni et des autres dominions du Commonwealth britannique, et empereur des Indes du 20 janvier au. | [
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Geography of the European Netherlands | Géographie des Pays-Bas | The geography of the European Netherlands is unusual in that much of its land has been reclaimed from the sea and is below sea level, protected by dikes. It is a small country with a total area of and ranked 131st. With a population of 17.4 million and density of makes it the most densely populated country in Europe (except for tiny city states like Monaco, Vatican City and San Marino), and the 12th most densely populated country in the world, behind only three countries with a population over 16 million. Consequently, the Netherlands is highly urbanized. | La géographie des Pays-Bas est l'ensemble des réalités physiques, humaines, biologiques qui constituent les Pays-Bas. Ces derniers sont un pays d'Europe de l'Ouest situé à l'ouest de l'Allemagne et au nord de la Belgique. | [
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New Democratic Party | Nouveau Parti démocratique | The New Democratic Party (NDP;, "NPD") is a social democratic federal political party in Canada. The party was founded in 1961 out of the merger of the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) with the Canadian Labour Congress (CLC). On the Canadian political spectrum, the party sits to the left of the Liberal Party. The federal and provincial (or territorial) level NDPs are more integrated than other political parties in Canada, and have shared membership (except for the New Democratic Party of Quebec). | Le Nouveau Parti démocratique (, abrégé en NDP) est un parti politique canadien. Fondé en 1961 par le Parti social démocratique et le Congrès du travail du Canada, le NPD est de tendance social-démocrate et est le plus à gauche des grands partis fédéraux du Canada. | [
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Jean-Paul Belmondo | Jean-Paul Belmondo | Jean-Paul Belmondo (; born 9 April 1933) is a French actor initially associated with the New Wave of the 1960s and one of the biggest French film stars of the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. His best known credits include "Breathless" (1960) and "That Man from Rio" (1964). | Jean-Paul Belmondo, né le à Neuilly-sur-Seine, est un acteur français. Il a été également producteur de cinéma et directeur de théâtre. | [
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Range Rover | Range Rover | The Land Rover Range Rover is both a full-sized luxury sport utility vehicle (SUV) (generally known simply as a Range Rover) produced by Land Rover, a marque of Jaguar Land Rover, and its own sub-brand. The Range Rover line was launched in 1970 by British Leyland. This flagship model is now in its fourth generation. | La Range Rover est une famille d'automobiles tout-terrain de luxe produite par la marque anglaise Land Rover depuis 1970. Présenté à la presse en, c'est alors un d'un nouveau genre, aussi luxueux que baroudeur. Jusqu'à aujourd'hui, quatre générations se sont succédé : la Range Rover dit "Classic" (1970-1996), la Range P38 (1994-2002), la Range L322 (2002-2012), et la Range L405 (depuis 2013). | [
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Land Rover Freelander | Land Rover Freelander | The Land Rover Freelander is a two and four-door, five passenger, all-wheel-drive compact sport utility vehicle (SUV) manufactured and marketed by Land Rover, in both two-wheel and four-wheel drive versions, across two generations from 1997 to 2014. The second generation was marketed from 2007–2014 in North America and The Middle East as the LR2 and in Europe as the Freelander 2. | Le Land Rover Freelander est un modèle d'automobiles de type véhicule utilitaire sport haut de gamme fabriqué par Land Rover. | [
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Jean Renoir | Jean Renoir | Jean Renoir (; 15 September 1894 – 12 February 1979) was a French film director, screenwriter, actor, producer and author. As a film director and actor, he made more than forty films from the silent era to the end of the 1960s. His films "La Grande Illusion" (1937) and "The Rules of the Game" (1939) are often cited by critics as among the greatest films ever made. He was ranked by the BFI's "Sight & Sound" poll of critics in 2002 as the fourth greatest director of all time. Among numerous honors accrued during his lifetime, he received a Lifetime Achievement Academy Award in 1975 for his contribution to the motion picture industry. Renoir was the son of the painter Pierre-Auguste Renoir. He was one of the first filmmakers to be known as an "auteur". | Jean Renoir, né le à Paris et mort le à Beverly Hills, est un réalisateur et scénariste français. Deuxième fils du peintre Auguste Renoir, ses films ont profondément marqué les mutations du cinéma français entre 1930 et 1950, avant d'ouvrir la porte à la Nouvelle Vague. | [
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Film director | Réalisateur | A film director controls a film's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay (or script) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfilment of that vision. The director has a key role in choosing the cast members, production design and all the creative aspects of filmmaking. Under European Union law, the director is viewed as the author of the film. | Un réalisateur (féminin : réalisatrice) est une personne qui dirige la fabrication d'une œuvre audiovisuelle, généralement pour le cinéma ou la télévision, mais aussi pour la musique enregistrée ou la fabrication d'une émission de radio (dans ce cas, on parle plus volontiers de « metteur en ondes »). Il est un peu l'équivalent du metteur en scène de théâtre. | [
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Morgoth | Morgoth | Morgoth Bauglir (; originally Melkor ) is a character, one of the godlike Ainur, from Tolkien's legendarium. He is the main antagonist of "The Silmarillion", "The Children of Húrin", and " The Fall of Gondolin", and is mentioned briefly in "The Lord of the Rings". | Morgoth, anciennement Melkor, est un personnage de fiction appartenant au légendaire ("legendarium") de l'écrivain. Principal antagoniste du livre "", il apparaît dans l'histoire "Les Enfants de Húrin" et est mentionné brièvement dans "Le Seigneur des anneaux". | [
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ITER | ITER | ITER (originally the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) is an international nuclear fusion research and engineering megaproject, which will be the world's largest magnetic confinement plasma physics experiment. It is an experimental tokamak nuclear fusion reactor that is being built next to the Cadarache facility in Saint-Paul-lès-Durance, in Provence, southern France. | ITER, sigle pour l'anglais ( « réacteur thermonucléaire expérimental international »), est un projet de réacteur nucléaire de recherche civil à fusion nucléaire de type tokamak, situé à Cadarache (Bouches-du-Rhône). Le projet de recherche s'inscrit dans une démarche à long terme visant à l'industrialisation de la fusion nucléaire. Il associe trente-cinq pays : ceux de l'Union européenne ainsi que l'Inde, le Japon, la Chine, la Russie, la Corée du Sud, les États-Unis et la Suisse. | [
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Virtual water | Eau virtuelle | The virtual water trade (also known as trade in embedded or embodied water), a concept introduced by Tony Allan, is the hidden flow of water if food or other commodities are traded from one place to another. For instance, it takes 1,340 cubic meters of water (based on the world average) to produce one metric tonne of wheat. The precise volume can be more or less depending on climatic conditions and agricultural practice. Hoekstra have defined the virtual-water content of a product (a commodity, good or service) as "the volume of freshwater used to produce the product, measured at the place where the product was actually produced". It refers to the sum of the water use in the various steps of the production chain. | Le concept d’eau virtuelle associe à quelques biens de consommation ou intermédiaires la quantité d’eau nécessaire à leur fabrication. Il est associé au concept d'empreinte eau. | [
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Yongzheng Emperor | Yongzheng | The Yongzheng Emperor (13 December 1678 – 8 October 1735), born Yinzhen, was the fifth Emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the third Qing emperor to rule over China proper, reigned from 1722 to 1735. A hard-working ruler, the Yongzheng Emperor's main goal was to create an effective government at minimal expense. Like his father, the Kangxi Emperor, the Yongzheng Emperor used military force to preserve the dynasty's position. His reign was known for being despotic, efficient, and vigorous. | Yongzheng ( ce qui signifie "Justice et Concorde", mandchou :, romanisation : Hūwaliyasun Tob), né Aisin Gioro In Jen ((mandchou : ), translittération chinoise en mandarin : Aixinjueluo Yinzhen ()), le, décédé le, est un empereur mandchou de Chine impériale sous la dynastie Qing (1722 — 1735). Yongzheng est le quatrième fils de l’empereur Kangxi, à qui il succède. | [
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Reus | Reus | Reus () is the capital of Baix Camp, in the province of Tarragona, in Catalonia, Spain. The area has always been an important producer of wines and spirits, and gained continental importance at the time of the Phylloxera plague. Nowadays it is known for its commercial activity, for being a centre for rock-climbing and as the birthplace of architect Antoni Gaudí. | Reus est une ville du nord-est de l'Espagne, en Catalogne. Elle est la capitale de la comarque de Baix Camp dans la province de Tarragone. | [
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Tortosa | Tortosa | Tortosa (; ) is the capital of the "comarca" of Baix Ebre, in Catalonia, Spain. Tortosa is located at above sea level, by the Ebro river, protected on its northern side by the mountains of the Cardó Massif, of which Buinaca, one of the highest peaks, is located within Tortosa's municipal boundary. | Tortose (en ; en ; en ) est une ville dans le nord-est de l'Espagne, en Catalogne. Elle est la capitale de la comarque de Baix Ebre dans la province de Tarragone. | [
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
PowerPC 7xx | PowerPC G3 | The PowerPC 7xx is a family of third generation 32-bit PowerPC microprocessors designed and manufactured by IBM and Motorola (now Freescale Semiconductor). This family is called the PowerPC G3 by its well-known customer Apple Inc., which introduced it on November 10, 1997. The term "PowerPC G3" is often, and incorrectly, imagined to be a microprocessor when in fact a number of microprocessors from different vendors have been used. Such designations were applied to Macintosh computers such as the PowerBook G3, the multicolored iMacs, iBooks and several desktops, including both the Beige and Blue and White Power Macintosh G3s. The low power requirements and small size made the processors ideal for laptops and the name lived out its last days at Apple in the iBook. | G3, d'abord connu sous le nom de code "Arthur", est un nom commercial inventé fin 1997 par Apple, en référence à la troisième génération des microprocesseurs PowerPC, lors de l'introduction du PowerPC 750. C'est une amélioration du PowerPC 603e, microprocesseur bas de gamme de la seconde génération des PowerPC. | [
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
The Umbrellas of Cherbourg | Les Parapluies de Cherbourg | The Umbrellas of Cherbourg () is a 1964 musical romantic drama film directed and written by Jacques Demy and starring Catherine Deneuve and Nino Castelnuovo. The music was composed by Michel Legrand. The film dialogue is all sung as recitative, including casual conversation, and is sung-through, or through-composed like some operas and stage musicals. | Les Parapluies de Cherbourg est un film musical franco-ouest-allemand écrit et réalisé par Jacques Demy, sorti en 1964. C'est le premier des deux films entièrement chantés de Jacques Demy, le second étant "Une chambre en ville" (1982). | [
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Yuan dynasty | Dynastie Yuan | The Yuan dynasty (), officially the Great Yuan (; Middle Mongolian:,, literally "Great Yuan State"), was the empire or ruling dynasty of China established by Kublai Khan, leader of the Mongol Borjigin clan. It followed the Song dynasty and preceded the Ming dynasty. | La dynastie Yuan (), officiellement le Grand Yuan ( ; en,, littéralement « Grand État Yuan »), est une dynastie mongole fondée par Kubilai Khan, le chef du clan des Bordjiguines, qui règne sur la Chine de 1279 à 1368. Elle vient à la suite de la dynastie Song, qui avait régné sur la Chine entre 960 et 1127, puis sur la Chine du Sud entre 1127 et 1279, et précède la dynastie Ming. Bien que les Mongols aient régné pendant des décennies sur des territoires incluant la Chine du Nord, ce n'est qu'en 1271 que Kubilai Khan proclame officiellement la fondation de sa dynastie en suivant la tradition chinoise, et la conquête de la totalité de la Chine n'est achevée qu'en 1279. Son royaume est, à ce moment-là, isolé des autres Khanats et contrôle la plus grande partie de la Chine moderne et de ses environs, y compris le territoire qui correspond actuellement à la Mongolie. C'est la première dynastie non-chinoise à gouverner toute la Chine et elle dure jusqu'en 1368, date à laquelle la nouvellement fondée dynastie Ming chasse les empereurs Mongols de Chine, ce qui oblige les Gengiskhanides à se replier dans leur patrie mongole, ou ils fondent la dynastie Yuan du Nord. Si certains empereurs Mongols Yuan maîtrisent la langue chinoise, d'autres n'utilisaient que leur langue maternelle, le mongol, et l'Écriture phagpa. | [
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Mario Bros. | Mario Bros. | "Mario Bros." has been included as a mini game in all of the "Super Mario Advance" series and numerous other games. "Mario Bros." has been re-released for the Wii's, Nintendo 3DS's, and Wii U's Virtual Console services in Japan, North America, Europe and Australia. It has also been re-released through Nintendo Switch Online. | Le jeu met en scène le plombier Mario — dénommé « Jumpman » auparavant dans "Donkey Kong" — qui doit, avec son frère Luigi, combattre les créatures venant des égouts de New York. | [
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Achille Talon | Achille Talon | Achille Talon is a Franco-Belgian comics series featuring an eponymous main character, created by Greg (the pseudonym of Michel Regnier). Starting publication in the Franco-Belgian comics magazine "Pilote" in 1963, the series presents the comic misadventures of an anti-hero. | Achille Talon est une série de bande dessinée, au personnage éponyme, créée par Greg en 1963 pour le magazine "Pilote", et éditée par Dargaud. Sur les couvertures des albums, le prénom est orthographié « Ach!lle ». Le nom du personnage vient de l'expression « talon d'Achille ». | [
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Gro Harlem Brundtland | Gro Harlem Brundtland | Gro Harlem Brundtland (; born Gro Harlem, 20 April 1939) is a Norwegian politician, who served three terms as Prime Minister of Norway (1981, 1986–89, and 1990–96) and as Director-General of the World Health Organization from 1998 to 2003. She is also known for having chaired the Brundtland Commission which presented the Brundtland Report on sustainable development. | Gro Harlem Brundtland, née Harlem le à Bærum, est une femme d'État norvégienne membre du Parti travailliste (AP), qu'elle a présidé de 1981 à 1992. Première ministre par trois fois entre 1981 et 1996, elle a passé près de dix ans au pouvoir et dirigé l'Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS) de 1998 à 2003. | [
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Cyclopes | Cyclope | In Greek mythology and later Roman mythology, the Cyclopes ( ;, "Kýklōpes", "Circle-eyes" or "Round-eyes"; singular Cyclops ;, "Kýklōps") are giant one-eyed creatures. Three groups of Cyclopes can be distinguished. In Hesiod's "Theogony", they are the brothers: Brontes, Steropes, and Arges, who provided Zeus with his weapon the thunderbolt. In Homer's "Odyssey", they are an uncivilized group of shepherds, the brethren of Polyphemus encountered by Odysseus. Cyclopes were also famous as the builders of the Cyclopean walls of Mycenae and Tiryns. | Les cyclopes forment une espèce de créatures fantastiques dans la mythologie grecque. Ce sont des monstres géants n'ayant qu'un œil au milieu du front. Les premiers cyclopes sont ceux de la "Théogonie" d'Hésiode. | [
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Treaty of Verdun | Traité de Verdun | The Treaty of Verdun, signed in August 843, was the first of the treaties that divided the Carolingian Empire into three kingdoms among the three surviving sons of Louis the Pious, who was the son of Charlemagne. The treaty, signed in Verdun-sur-Meuse, ended the three-year Carolingian Civil War. | Par le traité de Verdun, conclu en, les trois fils survivants de Louis le Pieux, les petits-fils de Charlemagne, se partagent ses territoires, l'empire carolingien, en trois royaumes. Il est souvent présenté comme le début de la dissolution de l'empire unitaire de Charlemagne, consacrant ainsi sa division, qui s'avérera en fait définitive (si l'on met de côté une éphémère réunification sous le règne de Charles III le Gros), et du même coup l'un des principaux actes fondateurs de ce qui deviendra la France. Ce traité est la conséquence de l'application de la coutume franque qui est basée sur le partage de l'héritage entre tous les fils héritiers plutôt que son attribution seulement au fils aîné, en dépit de la règle de primogéniture agnatique (masculine) appliquée chez les Romains. | [
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Darwin (operating system) | Darwin (informatique) | Darwin is an open-source Unix-like operating system first released by Apple Inc. in 2000. It is composed of code developed by Apple, as well as code derived from NeXTSTEP, BSD, Mach, and other free software projects. | Darwin est un système d'exploitation libre et gratuit construit autour du noyau XNU et développé notamment par Apple. Il est dérivé de NeXTSTEP et de BSD. Sa vocation principale est de servir de base au système d'exploitation macOS. Il est distribué sous licence APSL (Apple Public Source License), certifiée libre par la FSF. | [
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Spiel des Jahres | Spiel des Jahres | The Spiel des Jahres (, "Game of the Year") is an award for board and card games, created in 1978 with the stated purpose of rewarding excellence in game design, and promoting top-quality games in the German market. It is thought that the existence and popularity of the award is one of the major drivers of the quality of games coming out of Germany. A Spiel des Jahres nomination can increase the typical sales of a game from 500–3000 copies to around 10,000; and the winner can usually expect to sell 300,000 to 500,000 copies. | Le Spiel des Jahres ("Jeu de l'année" en allemand) est le prix le plus prestigieux pour les jeux de société. Le prix a été créé en 1978, sa renommée dépasse largement l'Allemagne et certaines personnes pensent que son existence ainsi que sa popularité sont un des vecteurs majeurs de la qualité des jeux allemands. | [
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One World Trade Center | One World Trade Center | One World Trade Center (also known as One World Trade, One WTC, or Freedom Tower) is the main building of the rebuilt World Trade Center complex in Lower Manhattan, New York City. One WTC is the tallest building in the United States, the tallest building in the Western Hemisphere, and the seventh-tallest in the world. The supertall structure has the same name as the North Tower of the original World Trade Center, which was destroyed in the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. The new skyscraper stands on the northwest corner of the World Trade Center site, on the site of the original 6 World Trade Center. The building is bounded by West Street to the west, Vesey Street to the north, Fulton Street to the south, and Washington Street to the east. | Le'(ou'ou 1 WTC ; le bâtiment actuel a été surnommé au début des travaux) est le principal bâtiment du nouveau complexe World Trade Center dans le Lower Manhattan, à New York, et le plus haut gratte-ciel de l'hémisphère ouest. Cette tour de porte le même nom que la tour jumelle nord du World Trade Center initial, détruite lors des attentats du 11 septembre 2001. | [
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Caelus | Uranus (mythologie) | Caelus or Coelus was a primal god of the sky in Roman myth and theology, iconography, and literature (compare "caelum", the Latin word for "sky" or "the heavens", hence English "celestial"). The deity's name usually appears in masculine grammatical form when he is conceived of as a male generative force, but the neuter form Caelum is also found as a divine personification. | Dans la mythologie romaine, Uranus est la transcription directe en latin du dieu grec Ouranos. Il est le dieu du Ciel. Il est important de noter qu'avant cet apport grec, les Romains avaient un dieu du ciel appelé Cœlus (du latin "cælus", « ciel »). | [
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Han dynasty | Dynastie Han | The Han dynasty () was the second imperial dynasty of China (206 BC–220 AD), preceded by the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC) and succeeded by the Three Kingdoms period (220–280 AD). Spanning over four centuries, the Han period is considered a golden age in Chinese history. To this day, China's majority ethnic group refers to themselves as the "Han Chinese" (Han Zu) and the Chinese script is referred to as "Han characters". It was founded by the rebel leader Liu Bang, known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu of Han, and briefly interrupted by the Xin dynasty (9–23 AD) of the former regent Wang Mang. This interregnum separates the Han dynasty into two periods: the Western Han or Former Han (206 BC–9 AD) and the Eastern Han or Later Han (25–220 AD). | La dynastie Han ( ; chinois archaïque : "ŋ̥ānh ḍhaw") régna sur la Chine de 206 à 220 Deuxième des dynasties impériales, elle succéda à la dynastie Qin (221 - 206) et fut suivie de la période des Trois Royaumes (220 - 265). | [
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Song dynasty | Dynastie Song | The Song dynasty (; 960–1279) was an imperial dynasty of China that began in 960 and lasted until 1279. The dynasty was founded by Emperor Taizu of Song following his usurpation of the throne of the Later Zhou, ending the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. The Song often came into conflict with the contemporaneous Liao, Western Xia and Jin dynasties to its north. It was eventually conquered by the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. | La dynastie Song ( ; prononcé ) est une dynastie qui a régné en Chine entre 960 et 1279. Elle a succédé à la période des Cinq Dynasties et des Dix Royaumes et a été suivie par la dynastie Yuan. Il s'agit du premier gouvernement au monde à émettre des billets de banque. Cette dynastie a également vu la première désignation du vrai Nord à l'aide d'une boussole. | [
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Jianwen Emperor | Jianwen (empereur) | The Jianwen Emperor (; born 5 December 1377, disappeared from 13 July 1402) was the second Emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigned from 1398 to 1402. His personal name was Zhu Yunwen (). The era name of his reign, "Jianwen", means "establishing civility" and represented a sharp change in tone from "Hongwu" ("vastly martial"), the era name of the reign of his grandfather and predecessor, the Hongwu Emperor. His reign did not last long: an attempt to restrain his uncles led to the Jingnan rebellion. The Jianwen Emperor was eventually overthrown by one of his uncles, Zhu Di, who was then enthroned as the Yongle Emperor. Although the Yongle Emperor presented a charred body as Zhu Yunwen's, rumours circulated for decades that the Jianwen Emperor had disguised himself as a Buddhist monk and escaped from the palace when it was set on fire by Zhu Di's forces. Some people speculated that one of the reasons behind why the Yongle Emperor sponsored the admiral Zheng He on his treasure voyages in the early 15th century, was for Zheng He to search for the Jianwen Emperor, who was believed to have survived and fled to Southeast Asia. Some historians believe that the Jianwen Emperor had indeed survived and escaped from Nanjing, but the official histories of the Ming dynasty were modified later during the Qing dynasty to please the Manchu rulers. | Jianwen ( ; - ), de son nom personnel Zhu Yunwen (), fut le deuxième empereur de la dynastie Ming et régna de 1398 à 1402. | [
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Hyperbola | Hyperbole (mathématiques) | In mathematics, a hyperbola (plural "hyperbolas" or "hyperbolae") is a type of smooth curve lying in a plane, defined by its geometric properties or by equations for which it is the solution set. A hyperbola has two pieces, called connected components or branches, that are mirror images of each other and resemble two infinite bows. The hyperbola is one of the three kinds of conic section, formed by the intersection of a plane and a double cone. (The other conic sections are the parabola and the ellipse. A circle is a special case of an ellipse.) If the plane intersects both halves of the double cone but does not pass through the apex of the cones, then the conic is a hyperbola. | En mathématiques, une hyperbole est une courbe plane obtenue comme la double intersection d'un double cône de révolution avec un plan. Elle peut également être définie comme une conique d'excentricité supérieure à 1, ou comme l'ensemble des points dont la différence des distances à deux points fixes est constante. | [
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Oboi | Oboi | Oboi (Manchu:,Mölendroff: Oboi; ) (c. 1610–1669) was a prominent Manchu military commander and courtier who served in various military and administrative posts under three successive emperors of the early Qing dynasty. Born to the Guwalgiya clan, Oboi was one of four regents nominated by the Shunzhi Emperor to oversee the government during the minority of the Kangxi Emperor. Oboi reversed the benevolent policies of the Shunzhi Emperor, and vigorously pushed for clear reassertion of Manchu power over the Han Chinese. Eventually deposed and imprisoned by the new emperor for having amassed too much power, he was posthumously rehabilitated. | Oboi (Aobai) (Mandchou : translittération : Gūwalgiya Oboi ; ) (né vers 1610, mort en 1669) est un guerrier mandchou de la bannière jaune à bordure du clan. Sauvant la vie de l'empereur Qing Shunzhi dans une bataille il reçoit le titre de « Baturu » ou héros. Il se distingue aussi dans la lutte contre les Ming. | [
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Hongzhi Emperor | Empereur Hongzhi | The Hongzhi Emperor () (30 July 1470 – 9 June 1505) was the 10th Emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigned from 1487 to 1505. Born Zhu Youcheng, he was the eldest surviving son of the Chenghua Emperor and his reign as emperor of China is called the "Hongzhi Silver Age". His era name, "Hongzhi", means "great government." A peace-loving emperor, the Hongzhi Emperor also had only one empress and no concubines, granting him the distinction of being the sole perpetually monogamous emperor in Chinese history, besides Emperor Fei. He was emperor during the middle years of the Ming dynasty. | Hongzhi (弘治, - ), de son nom personnel Zhu Youtang (朱祐樘), est le neuvième empereur de la dynastie Ming (1487-1505). | [
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Alessandro Volta | Alessandro Volta | Alessandro Giuseppe Antonio Anastasio Volta (; 18 February 1745 – 5 March 1827) was an Italian physicist, chemist, and pioneer of electricity and power who is credited as the inventor of the electric battery and the discoverer of methane. He invented the Voltaic pile in 1799, and reported the results of his experiments in 1800 in a two-part letter to the President of the Royal Society. With this invention Volta proved that electricity could be generated chemically and debunked the prevalent theory that electricity was generated solely by living beings. Volta's invention sparked a great amount of scientific excitement and led others to conduct similar experiments which eventually led to the development of the field of electrochemistry. | Le comte Alessandro Giuseppe Antonio Anastasio Volta, né à Côme le et mort dans cette même ville le, est un physicien et chimiste lombard. | [
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Politician | Personnalité politique | A politician is a person active in party politics, or a person holding or seeking an office in government. Politicians propose, support and create laws or policies that govern the land and, by extension, its people. Broadly speaking, a "politician" can be anyone who seeks to achieve political power in any bureaucratic institution. | Une personnalité politique est une personne impliquée dans la vie politique. Plusieurs synonymes sont également employés, tels que femme politique, homme politique ou, familièrement, politique. Les mots politicien et politicienne sont également couramment utilisés, en particulier au Canada et en Suisse, mais peuvent présenter une connotation péjorative dans d'autres pays de la francophonie. En effet, il s'emploie parfois pour parler de quelqu'un qui ne vit que de ses fonctions politiques et fait preuve d'une grande habileté dans les intrigues de la vie politique. | [
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Forbidden City | Cité interdite | The Forbidden City () is a palace complex in central Beijing, China. It houses the Palace Museum, and was the former Chinese imperial palace and state residence of the Emperor of China from the Ming dynasty (since the Yongle Emperor) to the end of the Qing dynasty, between 1420 and 1924. The Forbidden City served as the home of Chinese emperors and their households and was the ceremonial and political center of the Chinese government for almost 500 years. | La Cité interdite (), généralement appelé par les Chinois le palais ancien (), également appelé musée du palais () est le palais impérial au sein de la Cité impériale de Pékin dont la construction fut ordonnée par Yongle, troisième empereur de la dynastie Ming, et réalisée entre 1406 et 1420. Ce palais, d'une envergure inégalée fait partie des palais les plus anciens et les mieux conservés de Chine. De nos jours, il est devenu un musée, le musée du palais, qui conserve les trésors impériaux de la civilisation chinoise ancienne et de très nombreuses œuvres d'art chinois de première importance : peintures, bronzes, céramiques, instruments de musique, laques, etc. | [
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Oxymoron | Oxymore | An oxymoron (usual plural oxymorons, more rarely oxymora) is a rhetorical device that uses an ostensible self-contradiction to illustrate a rhetorical point or to reveal a paradox. A more general meaning of "contradiction in terms" (not necessarily for rhetoric effect) is recorded by the "OED" for 1902.. | En rhétorique, un oxymore ou oxymoron, est une figure de style qui vise à rapprocher deux termes (un nom et un adjectif) que leurs sens devraient éloigner, dans une formule en apparence contradictoire, comme « une obscure clarté » (Pierre Corneille). | [
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Chiasmus | Chiasme | In rhetoric, chiasmus or, less commonly, chiasm (Latin term from Greek χίασμα, "crossing", from the Greek χιάζω, "chiázō", "to shape like the letter Χ") is a "reversal of grammatical structures in successive phrases or clauses – but no repetition of words". | Le chiasme (substantif masculin), du grec : "khiasmós" (disposition en croix, croisement) provenant de la lettre grecque "khi" (« X ») en forme de croix (prononcer /kjasm/ « kyasm »), est une figure de style qui consiste en un croisement d'éléments dans une phrase ou dans un ensemble de phrases sur un modèle AB/BA et qui a pour effet de donner du rythme à une phrase ou d'établir des parallèles. Le chiasme peut aussi souligner l'union de deux réalités ou renforcer une antithèse dans une phrase. | [
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Longqing Emperor | Ming Muzong | The Longqing Emperor (; 4March 15375July 1572), personal name Zhu Zaiji (朱載坖), was the 13th Emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigned from 1567 to 1572. He was initially known as the Prince of Yu (裕王) from 1539 to 1567 before he became the emperor. His era name, Longqing, means "great celebration". | Longqing (隆庆, né à Pékin le, mort à Pékin le ), de son nom personnel Zhu Zaihou (朱载垕), est le douzième empereur de la dynastie Ming (1567-1572). Il succéda à son père Jiajing. | [
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Synecdoche | Synecdoque | A synecdoche (, from Greek "synekdochē",. "simultaneous understanding") is a figure of speech in which a term for a part of something refers to the whole of something or vice versa. A synecdoche is a class of metonymy, often by means of either mentioning a part for the whole or conversely the whole for one of its parts. Examples from common English expressions include "suits" (for "businessmen"), "boots" (for "soldiers") ("pars pro toto"), and "America" (for "the United States of America", "totum pro parte"). | La synecdoque (du grec /, « compréhension simultanée ») est une métonymie particulière pour laquelle la relation entre le terme donné et le terme évoqué constitue une inclusion ou une dépendance matérielle ou conceptuelle. | [
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Euphemism | Euphémisme | A euphemism () is an innocuous word or expression used in place of one that may be found offensive or suggest something unpleasant. Some euphemisms are intended to amuse, while others use bland, inoffensive terms for concepts that the user wishes to downplay. Euphemisms may be used to mask profanity or refer to taboo topics such as disability, sex, excretion, or death in a polite way. | Un euphémisme, du grec : « ευφεμισμας / "euphemismas" », du grec « φημι / "phêmi" » (« je parle ») et « ευ / "eu" » (« bien, heureusement »), est une figure de style qui consiste à atténuer l'expression de faits ou d'idées considérés comme désagréables dans le but d'adoucir la réalité. On parle aussi d'« euphémisme de bienséance » lorsqu'il y a déguisement d'idées désagréables. Il a pour antonyme l'hyperbole, ou plus rarement « dysphémisme ». Il est souvent confondu avec la litote, qui se différencie de ce dernier par l'absence de volonté de rendre un terme moins choquant. | [
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Tianqi Emperor | Ming Xizong | The Tianqi Emperor (23 December 1605 – 30 September 1627), personal name Zhu Youjiao, was the 16th Emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigned from 1620 to 1627. He was the eldest son of the Taichang Emperor and a elder brother of the Chongzhen Emperor, who succeeded him. "Tianqi", the era name of his reign, means "heavenly opening". | Tianqi (天啓, Pékin, - id. ), de son nom personnel Zhu Youjiao (朱由校), est le quinzième empereur de la dynastie Ming (1620-1627). Il succède à 15 ans à son père Ming Taichang. | [
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Hongwu Emperor | Hongwu | The Hongwu Emperor (21 October 1328 – 24 June 1398) Zhu Yuanzhang (), was the founding emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigning from 1368 to 1398. | Hongwu (, né dans l'actuel (), Xian de Fengyang, province de l'Anhui et mort dans le palais Ming () à Nankin, province du Jiangsu, le ), ayant pour nom de naissance, Zhu Yuanzhang (), est l'empereur fondateur de la dynastie Ming. Il règne en Chine de 1368 à 1398. | [
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Taichang Emperor | Ming Guangzong | The Taichang Emperor (; 28 August 1582 – 26 September 1620), personal name Zhu Changluo (), was the 15th Emperor of the Ming dynasty. He was the eldest son of the Wanli Emperor and succeeded his father as emperor in 1620. However, his reign came to an abrupt end less than one month after his coronation when he was found dead one morning in the palace following a bout of diarrhea. He was succeeded by his son, Zhu Youjiao, who was enthroned as the Tianqi Emperor. His era name, Taichang, means "grand prosperity." His reign was the shortest in Ming history. | Taichang (泰昌, Pékin, du calendrier julien - du calendrier grégorien), de son nom personnel Zhu Changluo (朱常洛), est le quatorzième empereur de la dynastie Ming (1620). Il succède à son père Wanli. Il meurt moins d'un mois après son couronnement, d'empoisonnement ou d'abus sexuels selon les sources. | [
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Wanli Emperor | Ming Shenzong | The Wanli Emperor (; 4 September 1563 – 18 August 1620), personal name Zhu Yijun (), was the 14th Emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigned from 1572 to 1620. "Wanli", the era name of his reign, literally means "ten thousand calendars". He was the third son of the Longqing Emperor. His reign of 48 years (1572–1620) was the longest among all the Ming dynasty emperors and it witnessed several successes in his early and middle reign, followed by the decline of the dynasty as the Emperor withdrew from his active role in government around 1600. | Wanli (萬曆, Pékin - id. ), de son nom personnel Zhu Yijun (朱翊鈞), est le treizième empereur de la dynastie Ming (1572-1620). Il succède à 9 ans à son père Longqing. | [
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Chenghua Emperor | Ming Xianzong | The Chenghua Emperor (; 9 December 1447 – 9 September 1487), born Zhu Jianshen, was the ninth Emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigned from 1464 to 1487. His era name "Chenghua" means "accomplished change". | Ming Xianzong (明憲宗, né le à Pékin et décédé le à Pékin) est empereur de Chine du à sa mort. En Chine, on le désigne depuis sa mort par son nom de règne, Chenghua (成化帝, « Empereur Chenghua »). | [
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Chongzhen Emperor | Chongzhen | The Chongzhen Emperor (; 27 January 1611 – 25 April 1644), personal name Zhu Youjian (), was the 17th and last Emperor of the Ming dynasty as well as the last Han Chinese to reign as Emperor of China. He reigned from 1627 to 1644. "Chongzhen," the era name of his reign, means "honorable and auspicious". | Chongzhen (崇禎, pinyin : Chóngzhēn ; à Pékin - ), de son nom personnel Zhu Youjian (朱由檢), est le seizième et dernier empereur de la dynastie Ming (1627-1644). Cinquième fils de l'empereur Taichang, il succède son frère aîné Tianqi à l'âge de 16 ans. | [
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Hongxi Emperor | Ming Renzong | The Hongxi Emperor (洪熙 ; 16 August 1378 – 29 May 1425), personal name Zhu Gaochi (朱高熾), was the fourth Emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigned from 1424 to 1425. He succeeded his father, the Yongle Emperor, in 1424. His era name "Hongxi" means "vastly bright". | Ming Renzong (明仁宗, né le et décédé le à Pékin) est empereur de Chine du à sa mort. En Chine, on le désigne depuis sa mort par son nom de règne, Hongxi (洪熙帝, « Empereur Hongxi »). | [
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Emperor Yingzong of Ming | Ming Yingzong | Zhu Qizhen (; 29 November 1427 – 23 February 1464) was the sixth and eighth Emperor of the Ming dynasty. He ascended the throne as the Zhengtong Emperor () in 1435, but was forced to abdicate in 1449, in favour of his younger brother the Jingtai Emperor, after being captured by the Mongols during the Tumu Crisis. In 1457, he deposed Jingtai and ruled again as the Tianshun Emperor () until his death in 1464. His temple name is Yingzong (). | Ming Yingzong (明英宗, né le à Pékin et mort le à Pékin) est empereur de Chine du au puis du à sa mort. | [
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Jingtai Emperor | Ming Daizong | The Jingtai Emperor ( ) (21 September 1428 – 14 March 1457), born Zhu Qiyu, was the seventh Emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigned from 1449 to 1457. The second son of the Xuande Emperor, he was selected in 1449 to succeed his elder brother Emperor Yingzong of Ming (then reigned as "Zhengtong Emperor"), when the latter was captured by Mongols following the Tumu Crisis. He reigned for 8 years before being removed from the throne by his elder brother Emperor Yingzong of Ming (then reigned as "Tianshun Emperor"). The Jingtai Emperor's era name, "Jingtai", means "Exalted View". | Ming Daizong (明代宗, né le à Pékin et décédé le ) a été empereur de Chine du au. En Chine, on le désigne depuis sa mort par son nom de règne, Jingtai (景泰帝, « Empereur Jingtai »). | [
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Hartmann of Brixen | Armand de Bressanone | Blessed Hartmann of Brixen (1090 - 23 December 1164) was a German Roman Catholic Church bishop who served as the Bishop of Brixen from his appointment as such in 1140 until his death. Hartmann served alongside the Order of Saint Augustine - who oversaw his education - and he managed certain aspects of their order despite not being part of that congregation. He also supported Pope Alexander III during his struggle with Frederick Barbarossa and also earned the favor of the latter despite Hartmann's views of the schism. | Saint Armand (ou Hartmann) a vécu au. Religieux originaire de Bavière, il s'est attaché à réformer les communautés de l'ordre des chanoines réguliers de saint Augustin. Évêque de "Bozen-Brixen" ("Bolzano-Bressanone"), dans le Tyrol italien nommé autrement Vénitie, il a fondé l'abbaye de Novacella (Neustift en allemand), située à trois kilomètres de Bressanone. Il est mort en 1164. | [
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Frances Xavier Cabrini | Françoise-Xavière Cabrini | Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini (; July 15, 1850 – December 22, 1917), also called Mother Cabrini, was an Italian-American Roman Catholic nun. She founded the Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, a Catholic religious institute that was a major support to her fellow Italian immigrants to the United States. She was the first U.S. citizen to be canonized as a Saint by the Roman Catholic Church, on July 7, 1946. (Elizabeth Ann Seton later became the first native-born U.S. citizen to be canonized.) | Françoise-Xavière Cabrini ("Francesca Saverio Cabrini"), née le à Sant'Angelo Lodigiano et décédée le à Chicago, est une religieuse italienne fondatrice des sœurs missionnaires du Sacré-Cœur reconnue sainte par l'Église catholique. | [
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Second Punic War | Deuxième guerre punique | The Second Punic War (spring 218 – 201 BC), also referred to as The Hannibalic War and by the Romans the War Against Hannibal, was the second of three Punic Wars between the Roman Republic and Carthage, with the participation of Macedonia and Syracuse polities and Numidian and Iberian forces on both sides. It was one of the deadliest human conflicts of ancient times. Fought across the entire Western Mediterranean region for 17 years and regarded by Livy as the greatest war in history, it was waged with unparalleled resources, skill, and hatred. It saw hundreds of thousands killed, some of the most lethal battles in military history, the destruction of cities, and massacres and enslavements of civilian populations and prisoners of war by both sides. | La deuxième guerre punique est le deuxième des trois conflits connus sous le nom de guerres puniques, qui opposent Rome à Carthage. Plus précisément, ce conflit se déroule au, de 218 à 203 en Europe, puis de 203 à 202 en Afrique. | [
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Western world | Occident | The Western world, also known as the West, refers to various regions, nations and states, depending on the context, most often consisting of the majority of Europe, Australasia, and most of the Americas. The Western world is also known as the Occident (from the Latin word "occidens", "sunset, "West""), in contrast to the Orient (from the Latin word "oriens", "rise, East"), or Eastern world. It might mean the Northern half of the North–South divide. | L'Occident, ou le monde occidental, est un concept géopolitique qui s'appuie généralement sur l'idée d'une civilisation commune, héritière de la civilisation gréco-romaine dont est issue la société occidentale moderne. Son emploi actuel sous-entend également une distanciation avec soit le reste du monde, soit une ou plusieurs autres zones d'influences du monde comme le monde arabe, le monde chinois ou encore la sphère d'influence russe. À l'origine cette distanciation s'exprimait face à l'Orient et Constantinople. | [
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Antonio Vivaldi | Antonio Vivaldi | Antonio Lucio Vivaldi (, ; ; 4 March 1678 – 28 July 1741) was an Italian Baroque musical composer, virtuoso violinist, teacher, and Roman Catholic priest. Born in Venice, the capital of the Venetian Republic, he is regarded as one of the greatest Baroque composers, and his influence during his lifetime was widespread across Europe. He composed many instrumental concertos, for the violin and a variety of other musical instruments, as well as sacred choral works and more than forty operas. His best-known work is a series of violin concertos known as the "Four Seasons". | Antonio Lucio Vivaldi, né le à Venise et mort le à Vienne, est un violoniste et compositeur de musique classique italien. Il était également prêtre de l'Église catholique. | [
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Las Vegas | Las Vegas | Las Vegas (Spanish for "The Meadows"), officially the City of Las Vegas and often known simply as Vegas, is the 28th-most populated city in the United States, the most populated city in the state of Nevada, and the county seat of Clark County. The city anchors the Las Vegas Valley metropolitan area and is the largest city within the greater Mojave Desert. Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city, known primarily for its gambling, shopping, fine dining, entertainment, and nightlife. The Las Vegas Valley as a whole serves as the leading financial, commercial, and cultural center for Nevada. It is commonly refered as the entertainment capital of the world. | Las Vegas est une ville américaine, plus grande ville de l'État du Nevada et centre économique et touristique majeur de l'Ouest des États-Unis. En 2017, elle compte une population de. Elle est située au milieu du désert des Mojaves, le plus sec des quatre déserts nord-américains, dans le comté de Clark. | [
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Litotes | Litote | In rhetoric, litotes (, or ; also known classically as "antenantiosis" or "moderatour") is a figure of speech and form of verbal irony in which understatement is used to emphasize a point by stating a negative to further affirm a positive, often incorporating double negatives for effect. Litotes is a form of understatement, more specifically meiosis, and is always deliberate with the intention of emphasis. However, the interpretation of negation may depend on context, including cultural context. In speech, it may also depend on intonation and emphasis; for example, the phrase "not bad" can be intonated differently so as to mean either "mediocre" or "excellent". Along the same lines, litotes can be used as a euphemism to diminish the harshness of an observation; "He isn't the cleanest person I know" could be used as a means of indicating that someone is a messy person. | La litote est une figure de rhétorique et d'atténuation qui consiste à dire moins pour laisser entendre davantage. Elle caractérise une expression de façon à susciter chez le récepteur un sens beaucoup plus fort que la simple énonciation de l'idée exprimée. Dans "Le Cid" de Corneille, Chimène signifie à Rodrigue qu'elle l'aime toujours en usant de la litote : (Attention cependant, la phrase, longtemps citée en exemple, n'est plus interprétée comme une litote par la critique contemporaine). | [
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'Salem's Lot | Salem (roman) | Salem's Lot is a 1975 horror novel by American author Stephen King. It was his second published novel. The story involves a writer named Ben Mears who returns to the town of Jerusalem's Lot (or 'Salem's Lot for short) in Maine, where he had lived from the age of five through nine, only to discover that the residents are becoming vampires. The town is revisited in the short stories "Jerusalem's Lot" and "One for the Road", both from King's story collection "Night Shift" (1978). The novel was nominated for the World Fantasy Award in 1976, and the Locus Award for the All-Time Best Fantasy Novel in 1987. | Salem (titre original : "") est un roman d'horreur écrit par Stephen King et publié en 1975. C'est son deuxième roman à avoir été publié. L'histoire est celle d'un écrivain qui retourne dans sa ville natale, Jerusalem's Lot, découvrant qu'un vampire y a élu domicile, et décide de le combattre avec l'aide de quelques autres habitants de la ville. Le roman a été adapté deux fois sous forme de téléfilms et a été nommé au prix World Fantasy en 1976. | [
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Ural Mountains | Oural | The Ural Mountains (; ;, "Ural tauźarı") or simply the Urals, are a mountain range that runs approximately from north to south through western Russia, from the coast of the Arctic Ocean to the Ural River and northwestern Kazakhstan. The mountain range forms part of the conventional boundary between the continents of Europe and Asia. Vaygach Island and the islands of Novaya Zemlya form a further continuation of the chain to the north into the Arctic Ocean. | L’Oural ou les monts Oural, en russe, en kazakh, est une chaîne de montagnes hercynienne située en Russie. Elle s’étire sur plus de, de la mer de Kara au nord jusqu'aux steppes du Kazakhstan au sud. L’Oural marque traditionnellement la limite géographique entre l’Europe et l’Asie, depuis que le tsar Pierre le Grand, au début du, a souhaité rapprocher son empire des royaumes européens. Les reliefs souvent fortement érodés culminent à une altitude de. Le massif se décompose du nord au sud en plusieurs sous-ensembles aux caractéristiques (vigueur du relief, flore, climat) contrastées qui parfois relèvent de la haute montagne malgré l’ancienneté du massif. Dotée d'une grande richesse en minerais en particulier de fer, elle est devenue au le foyer d'une puissante industrie métallurgique : de nombreux centres urbains ont été créés au pied du massif par les Russes venus de l’ouest. L’industrie s’est fortement développée dans la partie sud-est au cours du mais aujourd’hui avec l’épuisement des gisements de fer les plus riches, la région est à la recherche de relais de croissance. | [
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Punic Wars | Guerres puniques | The Punic Wars were a series of three wars fought between Rome and Carthage from 264 BC to 146 BC. At the time, they were some of the largest wars that had ever taken place. The term "Punic" comes from the Latin word "Punicus" (or "Poenicus"), meaning "Carthaginian", with reference to the Carthaginians' Phoenician ancestry. | Les trois guerres puniques ou guerres romano-carthaginoises opposent durant plus d’un siècle la Rome antique et la civilisation carthaginoise ou "civilisation punique" et les Numides. Les Carthaginois sont appelés ou en latin, déformation du nom des Phéniciens dont sont issus les Carthaginois, d’où le mot français « punique ». | [
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Santa Claus Is a Stinker | Le père Noël est une ordure | Santa Claus Is a Stinker or Le père Noël est une ordure is a French comedy play created in 1979 by the troupe Le Splendid and turned into a film directed by Jean-Marie Poiré in 1982. | Le père Noël est une ordure est un film français réalisé par Jean-Marie Poiré et sorti au cinéma le, interprété par la troupe du Splendid. | [
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Elysium | Champs Élysées (mythologie) | Elysium or the Elysian Fields (, "Ēlýsion pedíon") is a conception of the afterlife that developed over time and was maintained by some Greek religious and philosophical sects and cults. Initially separate from the realm of Hades, admission was reserved for mortals related to the gods and other heroes. Later, it expanded to include those chosen by the gods, the righteous, and the heroic, where they would remain after death, to live a blessed and happy life, and indulging in whatever employment they had enjoyed in life. | Dans la mythologie grecque, les champs Élysées, champs Élyséens, ou simplement l’Élysée, sont les lieux des Enfers où les héros et les gens vertueux goûtent le repos après leur mort. | [
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François Rebsamen | François Rebsamen | François Rebsamen (born 25 June 1951) is a French politician who was the Minister of Social Affairs from 2014 to 2015. He is a member of the Socialist Party. | François Rebsamen, né le à Dijon (Côte-d'Or), est un homme politique français. Membre du Parti socialiste, il est maire de Dijon et président de Dijon Métropole de 2001 à 2014 et de nouveau depuis 2015 suite au décès de son remplaçant Alain Millot, ainsi que sénateur de la Côte-d'Or de 2008 à 2014 et président du groupe socialiste au Sénat de 2011 à 2014. | [
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Boromir | Boromir | Boromir is a fictional character in J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium. He appears in the first two volumes of "The Lord of the Rings" ("The Fellowship of the Ring" and "The Two Towers"), and is mentioned in the last volume, "The Return of the King". He was the heir of Denethor II (the 26th Ruling Steward of Gondor) and the elder brother of Faramir. In the course of the story Boromir joined the Fellowship of the Ring. | Boromir est un personnage du Légendaire de l'écrivain britannique apparaissant dans le roman "Le Seigneur des anneaux". Fils de l'Intendant du Gondor Denethor et frère aîné de Faramir, il est l'un des neuf membres de la Fraternité de l'Anneau. Il succombe à la tentation de l'Anneau unique, jusqu'à tenter de le prendre par la force à son porteur, Frodo Bessac. Repenti, il meurt peu après au combat à Amon Hen lors d'une bataille opposant la Fraternité de l'Anneau et un bataillon d'Uruk Hai en tentant de protéger les Hobbits Merry et Pippin. | [
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Ballon d'Or | Ballon d'or | The Ballon d'Or (; "Golden Ball") is an annual football award presented by French news magazine "France Football" that is one of the oldest and generally regarded as the most prestigious individual award for football players. It has been awarded since 1956, although between 2010 and 2015, an agreement was made with FIFA, and the award was temporarily merged with the FIFA World Player of the Year (founded in 1991) and known as the FIFA Ballon d'Or. However, the partnership ended in 2016, and the award reverted to the Ballon d'Or, while FIFA also reverted to its own separate annual award The Best FIFA Men's Player. The recipients of the joint FIFA Ballon d'Or are considered as winners by both award organisations. | Le Ballon d'or est une récompense attribuée au meilleur joueur de football de l'année. Créé en 1956 par le magazine "France Football", ce titre est, à l'origine, attribué au meilleur joueur disposant d'une nationalité européenne évoluant dans un championnat européen. De 1995 à 2006, le « Ballon d'or » est attribué au meilleur joueur évoluant dans un championnat européen sans distinction de nationalité. Depuis 2007, il récompense le meilleur joueur au monde, c'est-à-dire sans distinction de championnat ni de nationalité. | [
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Markup language | Langage de balisage | In computer text processing, a markup language is a system for annotating a document in a way that is syntactically distinguishable from the text, meaning when the document is processed for display, the markup language is not shown, and is only used to format the text. The idea and terminology evolved from the "marking up" of paper manuscripts (i.e., the revision instructions by editors), which is traditionally written with a red or blue pencil on authors' manuscripts. Such "markup" typically includes both content corrections (such as spelling, punctuation, or movement of content), and also typographic instructions, such as to make a heading larger or boldface. | En informatique, les langages de balisage représentent une classe de langages spécialisés dans l'enrichissement d'information textuelle. Ils utilisent des balises, unités syntaxiques délimitant une séquence de caractères ou marquant une position précise à l'intérieur d'un flux de caractères (par exemple un fichier texte). | [
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European Movement International | Mouvement européen international | The European Movement International is a lobbying association that coordinates the efforts of associations and national councils with the goal of promoting European integration, and disseminating information about it. | Le Mouvement européen, aussi appelé Mouvement européen international (MEI) pour le distinguer de ses antennes nationales, est une association et un groupe de pression international promouvant l'intégration européenne principalement dans les années 1940 et 1950. Fondé en 1948 lors du Congrès de La Haye, son siège est à Bruxelles. Le mouvement est à l'origine des documents qui permettront la création du Conseil de l'Europe. Après 1950, le mouvement est resté actif dans le soutien de l'intégration politique de l'Europe. | [
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Adrenocorticotropic hormone | Hormone corticotrope | Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH; also adrenocorticotropin, corticotropin) is a polypeptide tropic hormone produced by and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. It is also used as a medication and diagnostic agent. ACTH is an important component of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and is often produced in response to biological stress (along with its precursor corticotropin-releasing hormone from the hypothalamus). Its principal effects are increased production and release of cortisol by the cortex of the adrenal gland. ACTH is also related to the circadian rhythm in many organisms. | L'hormone corticotrope, ou adrénocorticotrophine (ACTH, "Adreno CorticoTropic Hormone"), est une hormone polypeptidique principalement sécrétée par les cellules basophiles du lobe antérieur de l'hypophyse et qui stimule la glande corticosurrénale. Elle est le produit de maturation d'une pro-hormone, la POMC (pro-opiomélanocortine). | [
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Boney M. | Boney M. | Boney M. is a Euro-Caribbean vocal group created by German record producer Frank Farian. Originally based in West Germany, the four original members of the group's official line-up were Liz Mitchell and Marcia Barrett from Jamaica, Maizie Williams from Montserrat and Bobby Farrell, a performing artist from Aruba. The group was formed in 1976 and achieved popularity during the disco era of the late 1970s. Since the 1980s, various line-ups of the band have performed with different personnel. | Boney M. est un groupe antillais de disco-pop, créé et dirigé par le producteur allemand Frank Farian et qui fut actif de 1976 à 1985. Les quatre membres originels du groupe sont Bobby Farrell, Liz Mitchell, Maizie Williams, et Marcia Barrett. Reggie Tsiboe a chanté avec eux de 1982 à 1985. Le groupe a vendu plus de 50 millions de singles et 60 millions d'albums dans le monde selon les chiffres de leur producteur Frank Farian. | [
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Montserrat | Montserrat (Antilles) | Montserrat ( ) is a British Overseas Territory (BOT) in the Caribbean. The island is in the Leeward Islands, which is part of the chain known as the Lesser Antilles, in the West Indies. Montserrat measures approximately in length and in width, with approximately of coastline. Montserrat is nicknamed "The Emerald Isle of the Caribbean" both for its resemblance to coastal Ireland and for the Irish ancestry of many of its inhabitants. | Montserrat est une petite île des Antilles située en mer des Caraïbes, territoire britannique d'outre-mer et membre de l'Organisation des États de la Caraïbe orientale. Montserrat est souvent décrite comme l'île d'émeraude des Caraïbes, à cause de sa ressemblance avec l'Irlande côtière et de la présence sur l'île des descendants d'Irlandais, qui font partie des premiers colons européens. | [
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Araucariaceae | Araucariaceae | Araucariaceae – also known as araucarians – is a very ancient family of coniferous trees. The family achieved its maximum diversity during the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods, when it was distributed almost worldwide. Most of the Araucariaceae in the Northern Hemisphere vanished in the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, and they are now largely confined to the Southern Hemisphere, except for a few species of "Agathis" in Southeast Asia. | La famille des Araucariaceae (Araucariacées) regroupe des plantes gymnospermes, et font partie de l'embranchement des Pinophyta (pinophytes, ou conifères) ; elle compte 32 espèces réparties en 3 genres : | [
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Chic (band) | Chic (groupe) | Chic (, ), currently called Nile Rodgers & Chic, is an American band that was organized in 1972 by guitarist Nile Rodgers and bassist Bernard Edwards. It recorded many commercially successful disco songs, including "Dance, Dance, Dance (Yowsah, Yowsah, Yowsah)" (1977), "Everybody Dance" (1977), "Le Freak" (1978), "I Want Your Love" (1978), "Good Times" (1979), and "My Forbidden Lover" (1979). The group regarded themselves as a rock band for the disco movement "that made good on hippie peace, love and freedom". In 2017, Chic was nominated for induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame for the eleventh time. | Chic est un groupe de disco et de funk américain fondé en 1976 par le guitariste Nile Rodgers et le bassiste Bernard Edwards. | [
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Evolutionary psychology | Psychologie évolutionniste | Evolutionary psychology is a theoretical approach in the social and natural sciences that examines psychological structure from a modern evolutionary perspective. It seeks to identify which human psychological traits are evolved adaptations – that is, the functional products of natural selection or sexual selection in human evolution. Adaptationist thinking about physiological mechanisms, such as the heart, lungs, and immune system, is common in evolutionary biology. Some evolutionary psychologists apply the same thinking to psychology, arguing that the modularity of mind is similar to that of the body and with different modular adaptations serving different functions. Evolutionary psychologists argue that much of human behavior is the output of psychological adaptations that evolved to solve recurrent problems in human ancestral environments. | La psychologie évolutionniste, évolutive ou évolutionnaire, parfois nommée évopsy ou évo-psy, est un courant de la psychologie cognitive,, psychodynamique, et systémique dont l'objectif est d'expliquer les mécanismes de la pensée humaine et de ses comportements à partir de la théorie de l'évolution biologique. | [
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Pythagorean triple | Triplet pythagoricien | A Pythagorean triple consists of three positive integers,, and, such that. Such a triple is commonly written, and a well-known example is. If is a Pythagorean triple, then so is for any positive integer. A primitive Pythagorean triple is one in which, and are coprime (that is, they have no common divisor larger than 1). A triangle whose sides form a Pythagorean triple is called a Pythagorean triangle, and is necessarily a right triangle. | En arithmétique, un triplet pythagoricien est un triplet ("x", "y", "z") d'entiers naturels non nuls vérifiant la relation de Pythagore : "x" + "y" = "z". Le triplet pythagoricien le plus « simple » est (3, 4, 5). Il est également le plus connu, ainsi que ses multiples : (6, 8, 10), (9, 12, 15)... | [
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Ludwig von Mises | Ludwig von Mises | Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises (; 29 September 1881 – 10 October 1973) was an Austrian School economist, historian, and sociologist. Mises wrote and lectured extensively on the societal contributions of classical liberalism. He is best known for his work on praxeology, a study of human choice and action. | Ludwig von Mises ( ) ( - ) est un économiste autrichien puis américain qui a eu une influence importante sur le mouvement libéral et libertarien moderne. Il enseigne d'abord à Vienne puis à Genève jusqu'en 1940. Fils d'une famille juive du royaume de Galicie et de Lodomérie et inscrit sur la liste noire des nazis, il fuit aux États-Unis où il enseigne à l'université de New York de 1945 à 1969. Naturalisé américain en 1946, il meurt à New York en 1973. | [
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Irene Cara | Irene Cara | Irene Cara Escalera (born March 18, 1959) known professionally as Irene Cara, is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actress. Cara sang and co-wrote the song "Flashdance... What a Feeling" (from the movie "Flashdance"), for which she won an Academy Award for Best Original Song and a Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance in 1984. Cara is also known for playing the role of Coco Hernandez in the 1980 film "Fame", and for recording the film's title song "Fame". Prior to her success with "Fame", Cara portrayed the title character Sparkle Williams in the original 1976 musical drama film "Sparkle". | Irene Cara, de son vrai nom Irene Cara Escalera, née le dans le Bronx à New York City, est une actrice, chanteuse, et compositrice américaine. | [
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Blondie (band) | Blondie (groupe) | Blondie is an American rock band co-founded by singer Debbie Harry and guitarist Chris Stein. The band were pioneers in the American punk and then the new wave scene of the mid-1970s in New York. Its first two albums contained strong elements of these genres, and although highly successful in the United Kingdom and Australia, Blondie was regarded as an underground band in the United States until the release of "Parallel Lines" in 1978. Over the next three years, the band achieved several hit singles including "Heart of Glass", "Call Me", "Rapture" and "The Tide Is High". The band became noted for its eclectic mix of musical styles incorporating elements of disco, pop, reggae, and early rap music. | Blondie est un groupe de rock américain, originaire de New York. Il est formé en 1974 par Deborah Harry et Chris Stein. Pionnier de la scène pop punk des années 1970, le groupe devient célèbre pour son mélange électrique de styles musicaux intégrant des éléments disco, pop, rap, reggae tout en conservant une base new wave. | [
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Oxytocin | Ocytocine | Oxytocin (Oxt) is a peptide hormone and neuropeptide. It is normally produced in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary. It plays a role in social bonding, sexual reproduction, childbirth, and the period after childbirth. Oxytocin is released into the bloodstream as a hormone in response to stretching of the cervix and uterus during labor and with stimulation of the nipples from breastfeeding. This helps with birth, bonding with the baby, and milk production. | L'ocytocine est un neuropeptide sécrété par les noyaux paraventriculaire et supraoptique de l'hypothalamus et excrétée par l'hypophyse postérieure (neurohypophyse) qui agit principalement sur les muscles lisses de l'utérus et des glandes mammaires. Elle a aussi un rôle connu chez les êtres humains, notamment en ce qui concerne la confiance, l'empathie, la générosité et la sexualité. | [
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Hashish | Haschich | Hashish, or hash, is a drug made from the resin of the cannabis plant. It is consumed by inhaling from a small piece, typically in a pipe, bong, vaporizer or joint, or via oral ingestion (after decarboxylation). As pure hashish will not burn if rolled alone in a joint, it is typically mixed with herbal cannabis, tobacco or another type of herb for this method of consumption. Depending on region or country, multiple synonyms and alternative names exist. | Le haschich est le nom donné couramment à la résine de cannabis, il est issu d'une extraction de la résine des fleurs femelles de cannabis et peut être mélangé à des matières à moindre coût pour augmenter sa masse et donc sa rentabilité. | [
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Age of majority | Majorité civile | The age of majority is the threshold of adulthood as recognized or declared in law. It is the moment when minors cease to be considered such and assume legal control over their persons, actions, and decisions, thus terminating the control and legal responsibilities of their parents or guardian over them. Most countries set the age of majority at 18, but some jurisdictions have a higher age and others lower. The word "majority" here refers to having greater years and being of full age as opposed to "minority", the state of being a minor. The law in a given jurisdiction may not actually use the term "age of majority". The term typically refers to a collection of laws bestowing the status of adulthood. | La majorité civile ou majorité légale ou encore simplement majorité est l'âge auquel un individu est juridiquement considéré comme civilement capable et responsable, c'est-à-dire essentiellement l'âge à partir duquel il est capable de s'engager par les liens d'un contrat ou d'un autre acte juridique (sauf exception). | [
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