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S1369703X20300280 | As foodborne pathogen contamination has become a threat to human health worldwide early detection of pathogen is significant . Traditional electrochemical immunosensors for pathogen detection involve electrode modification or samples adsorption on the electrode which affect the detection sensitivity and electrode reproducibility thereby limiting their further application in POCT . We established a homogeneous magnetic bead based electrochemical impedance system using interdigitated gold electrodes as sensing elements for high sensitivity detection of | Electrode modification and samples adsorption restrict the application of electrochemical biosensing. Magnetic bead based impedance biosensor avoids matrix interference and improves electrode reproducibility. Interdigital electrode and enzymatic reaction system enhance detection efficiency. O157 H7 could be analyzed with highly sensitivity. |
S1369703X20300292 | Cadaverine also known as 1 5 diaminopentane is a biogenic amine particularly used for the synthesis of nylon . Cadaverine can be efficiently synthesized through decarboxylation of lysine in microorganisms . However the respective metabolic pathways in | Polyamine metabolic genes knockout strain was used for cadaverine production. Lysine utilization efficiency is improved in the polyamine metabolic genes knockout strain. Deletion strains showed higher tolerance to lysine and cadaverine. Cultivation in fermenters can delay cell death and increase cadaverine production. Glucose feeding strategy can overcome growth inhibition caused by lysine. |
S1369703X20300309 | Bioreactor design is a challenging endeavour that aims to provide the most ideal environment in which cells can grow and biological reactions can occur . The emergence of regenerative medicine and stem cell therapies has led to the need for more diverse environmental requirements in the bioreactor design space . | Additive manufacturing can be used to enhance bioreactor design and functionality. CFD was employed to evaluate the flow dynamics generated by 3D printed components. Precision design of flow distributor induced swirling fluidization of particles. A prototype bioreactor was developed and assessed for cell seeding and expansion. |
S1369703X20300310 | L Asparaginase is a key component in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia but several clinical disadvantages such as immunogenicity and rapid clearance are still present . We evaluated the possibility to synthesize a new L ASNase from | WT L ASNase expressed in yeast was successfully glycosylated secreted and purified. The yeast strain was able to glycosylate all glycosylation sites of WT L ASNase. Mutations at L ASNase glycosylation sites influenced its biological properties. Mutated L ASNase showed a significant increase in biological activity relative to WT. Glycosylation increases L ASNase stability and masks immunogenic epitopes. |
S1369703X20300322 | Wastewater treatment plants are a major source of human pharmaceutical residues in the aquatic environment which are considered to be of emerging concern . The microalga | The ability of. to remove pharmaceuticals in wastewater was studied. was able to degrade the antibiotics erythromycin and clarithromycin. This microalga exhibited a high assimilation of ammonium and phosphates compared to other species. was not affected by the presence high pharmaceuticals concentrations. appears to be a promising agent for wastewater treatment. |
S1369703X20300334 | Protocatechuic acid and hydroquinone are two important phenolic molecules with recognized biological activities and industrial values . In the present study we constructed a series of | biosynthesis of protocatechuic acid and hydroquinone was achieved using. co cultures. Biosensor assisted cell selection was integrated with co culture engineering to enhance the biosynthesis. Metabolically engineered co cultures produced more protocatechuic acid and hydroquinone than the mono culture controls. |
S1369703X20300346 | Astaxanthin exhibiting strong antioxidant activity is widely used as food and animal feed additives as well as in cosmetics pharmaceutical and nutraceuticals industries . Microbial production of astaxanthin has received increasing concerns in recent years . A combined strategy consisting of physical mutagenesis by atmospheric and room temperature plasma and adaptive evolution driven by H | A combined strategy consisting of mutagenesis and adaptive evolution was proposed. Nearly 4 fold increasement of astaxanthin was obtained. above strategy. Longer chronological lifespan and less reactive oxygen species was observed. A highest reported titer of 404.78mg L astaxanthin in. was achieved. |
S1369703X20300358 | We have previously studied the effect of nitrate addition on the souring caused by sulfate reducing bacteria . It revealed that the nitrate addition could suppress the growth of SRB and stimulate the growth of nitrate reducing bacteria . It is not quite clear however whether NRB could lead to souring in oil fields and Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion . In this study we isolated NRB and investigated the effect of isolated NRB on souring and MIC . Based on 16S ribosomal RNA identification isolated NRB belongs to the genus | YB03 preferred toluene m p xylene and VFAs as carbon source. The addition of nitrate could not control souring caused by. YB03. YB03 was found to be a corrosive nitrate reducer against steel. |
S1369703X2030036X | Mesenchymal stem cells isolated from the Whartons jelly of human umbilical cords are of increasing interest for cell therapies but scalable cell production in stirred tank bioreactors still requires further investigations in order to be more efficient and with decreased costs . To handle the problem of cell confluence on microcarriers leading to cell aggregation a new strategy of microcarriers addition was proposed . The bead to bead transfer ability of WJ MSC was indeed used to maintain constant the number of cells per microcarriers . However the resulting increase of bead shocks frequency could also negatively impact cell quantity and quality . Until now no quantitative study describing the impact of bead interactions on WJ MSC death was reported . In this study the influence of microcarriers addition as well as mixing characteristics on cell viability were determined . Obtained results showed that when particle mixing is below the just suspended state condition | New strategy of controlled addition of microcarriers to improve WJ MSC expansion. Cell quality was not impacted by bead to bead transfer ability of WJ MSC. Orbital agitation led to a significant increase of cell death. Mechanical agitation at Njs was more suitable for WJ MSC expansion. |
S1369703X20300371 | Industrially relevant bioprocesses such as paraffin activation present a complex multiphase system consisting of an aqueous growth medium and an immiscible alkane phase that is aerobically metabolized by active micro organisms . Thus the oxygen transfer rate from sparged gas is a key design parameter for which empirical correlations have been proposed to inform bioreactor design . However a fundamental predictive approach is needed to enable the evaluation of novel multiphase bioreactor designs | Computational fluid dynamics model for gas liquid liquid stirred reactor developed. Hydrodynamics impacted by turbulence modulation not change in fluid properties. Model predicted oxygen transfer rate of similar accuracy to empirical correlations. Change in hydrodynamics better captured by model than empirical correlations. |
S1369703X20300383 | Cultivating microalgae with wastewater offers a dual beneficial strategy for the removal of nutrients coupled with the accumulation of valuable bioproducts . However the dynamic mass flow in heterotrophic algal growth is far less known than autotrophic mode . This study particularly provided a new insight into this process by modelling heterotrophic | Heterotrophic microalgae culture in wastewater was modelled for global optimization. The kinetic model correlates extra intra cellular C N and P for the first time. Monod and Luedeking Piret expressions form the basis of the proposed model. Carbohydrate and lipid are main algal storage components produced in wastewater. Simulation R. 0.9 and half saturation constants consist with literature. |
S1369703X20300395 | Medium chain alkanediols are extensively used as monomers in the polymer and chemical industries with most alkanediol production dependent on chemical processes . Here a new bioprocess cytochrome P450 monooxygenase dependent whole cell biotransformation was investigated for use in dodecane oxidation . | Whole cell biotransformation of 1 dodecanol into 1 12 dodecanediol by CYP153A33 and Nfa22290. Whole cell biotransformation of 1 dodecanol with FadL outer membrane transporter. Heme precursor feeding for heme synthesis and CYP activity. Multi step cascade oxidation of dodecane to 1 12 dodecanediol by CYP. |
S1369703X20300401 | Aminobutyrate is an important bioactive compound synthesized through decarboxylation of L glutamate by the glutamate decarboxylase . Biosynthesis of GABA by lactic acid bacteria has particularly attracted attention as LAB are generally recognized as safe organisms . In this work based on identification of biosynthetic gene cluster for GABA in | The GAD system in. subsp. CV56 has been identified. Recombinant GadB has been biochemically characterized. Genetic engineering has been employed to increase the expression of GAD system genes in. NZ9000. Enhanced production of GABA by using a two stage pH control strategy. |
S1369703X20300413 | As a natural biomaterial lignin is mainly obtained from waste in the pulping and papermaking industry and is becoming an alternative to petroleum based chemicals . Lignin based nanoparticles provide new possibilities for value added utilization . In this work a novel pH responsive drug loaded polymeric nanoparticle platform based on aminated lignin histidine conjugate and 10 hydroxycamptothecin AL His HCPT NP is prepared by self assembly . Based on the acidic microenvironment of tumor cells the AL His HCPT NPs are successfully imparted the pH responsiveness by histidine a pH responsive small molecule to achieve triggered drug release . After 19h of simulated release in vitro the drug release amount of the nanoparticles was 39.1 at pH 7.2 63.1 at pH 5.5 and 72.5 at pH 4.5 indicating the pH responsiveness . Meanwhile the NPs have relatively small particle size which is key to anti tumor nano carriers . It is characterized by great biocompatibility good drug loading performance and effective cellular uptake . In 4T1 tumor bearing mice model the group treated with NPs shows excellent anti tumor effect and reduced side effects . These results indicate that AL His HCPT NPs have great application prospects in drug delivery . | The AL His NPs were prepared by self assemble using aminated lignin and histidine. The NPs exhibited pH responsiveness to triggered the release of anti tumor drugs. The NPs are relatively uniform and smaller in size for lignin based nanoparticles. |
S1369703X20300437 | In this work the feasibility of ethanol production from waste pizza by enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation was investigated . The effects of enzyme volumes and WP mass ratios on the performance of enzymatic hydrolysis and ethanol fermentation were also examined . It was observed that the lowest enzyme volume could completely hydrolyze WP with mass ratio of 50g L. The reducing sugar increased obviously with increasing of WP mass ratio from 50g L to 160g L when the enzyme volume of 0.02mL L was applied . The WP hydrolysate was utilized as substrate for bio ethanol production with the highest cumulative ethanol production of 27.58g L and ethanol yield of 0.292g g WP respectively . To our knowledge this is the first study to report ethanol production from WP by enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation . | Feasibility of using waste pizza for ethanol fermentation was examined. Enzymatic hydrolysis of WP by amylase could be completed within 50min. The total power consumed for the whole bio process was 1.1 kWh. The highest ethanol yield of 0.292g g WP was obtained. This is the first study to report bio ethanol production from WP. |
S1369703X20300462 | A by product of cheese industry whey is often used as a source in a microbiological lactic acid production . However an activity of microorganisms naturally occurring in whey causing an imbalance in downstream microbiological processes . Thus the whey permeate was indicated as appropriate medium to LA production because a microfiltration is a type of sterilization named very often cold sterilization and provide a pure and sterilize medium . The goal of this study was to identify the optimal concentrations of peptone egg and yeast extract needed to re supplement whey permeate medium using for industrial scale LA production because whey permeate is almost pure lactose solution . The highest value of LA production 27.5 g L | The highest value of LA production was 27.5g L. In this case content of peptone were 5 egg powder 8 yeast extract 0.2g L. 2 of the initial lactose content was in the spent medium applied these conditions. |
S1369703X20300486 | Stirred suspension culture is becoming a popular method for expanding human pluripotent stem cells . While stirring generates adequate fluid motions to lift the cells and facilitates mass transfers excessive stirring could impose hydrodynamic forces deleterious for the growth of the cells . In this study computational fluid dynamics simulations were performed to first investigate hydrodynamic characteristics of fluid flows in a spinner flask a common stirred suspension culture vessel used in laboratories . Flow patterns and distributions of shear stresses and the Kolmogorov length scales at varying impeller speeds were obtained . Comparison of the Kolmogorov length scales and sizes of hPSC aggregates measured in the authors previous experimental study showed a strong correlation between the two . In addition to the spinner flask which generated complex and transient turbulent flows this study investigated a newly developed rotary wall vessel that had been designed to produce laminar circular Couette flows in order to control shear stress . CFD simulations revealed significantly more uniform and homogeneous flows compared to those in the spinner flask suggesting that the rotary wall vessel is a suitable culture vessel to investigate roles of shear stress on hPSCs in suspension . | CFD simulations of a spinner flask and a rotary wall vessel were performed. Increasing impeller speed reduced the Kolmogorov length scales. The Kolmogorov length scales were strongly correlated with cell aggregate sizes. The rotary wall vessel was designed to minimize shear stress distributions. The rotary vessel reduced shear stress distribution by half than the spinner flask. |
S1369703X20300498 | Recently bacterial quorum quenching has been proven as a novel approach for biofouling mitigation in membrane bioreactors . The information about microbial community is vital for the development of QQ strategies . Also the change of microbial community may affect the biofouling propensity of sludge . In this study the effects of exogenous QQ on microbial community dynamics in MBRs were investigated along with biofouling propensity of activated sludge . QQ MBR dosed with exogenous QQ bacteria exhibited a better anti biofouling whereas the wastewater treatment performance was almost no difference compared with control MBR . As for the microbial community exogenous QQ had an impact on both the bacterial diversities and community composition especially for the quorum sensing and QQ bacteria in situ . The addition of exogenous QQ could reduce the QQ ability of sludge itself in the short term and enhance its biofouling propensity . These findings provided new insights for the development of QQ strategies . | Microbial community dynamics are analyzed under the condition of exogenous QQ. The change of sludges biofouling propensity is investigated when adding exogenous QQ. Exogenous QQ can reduce the species diversities of MBRs especially in the short term. Exogenous QQ can enhance biofouling propensity of sludge itself in the short term. The enhancing of biofouling propensity of sludge depends on the dynamics of situ QS and QQ bacteria. |
S1369703X20300504 | This work investigated the operational and fouling characteristics of the combined oxidation ditch membrane bioreactor under a continuous flow mode . During the operating period foulants gradually accumulated on the membrane surface and caused increasing in the filtration resistance whose appearance showed obvious heterogeneity along with the variation of some influencing factors . Correlation analysis of all variable factors revealed the key factor that contributed to the difference in membrane fouling . Results indicated that the foulants with loose structure caused the largest ratio in membrane resistance among all the foulants on surface and they could be easily cleaned by a physical method . After totally physical and chemical cleaning some residues still remained in the membrane module which determined the lifespan of membrane modules . From the different operational stages the foulants were sampled and characterized with multi method to reveal their physic chemical composition and microbial community though these properties and communities were very close to each other the unique microbial species contained in the foulants might be an important factor leading to their different properties and actually determined their heterogeneity which were also heavily affected by the temperature change . | The oxidation ditch integrated with flat sheet membrane module was built up. The bioreactor could be operated under a continuous flow mode. The fouling characteristics of the bioreactor were revealed by multi methods. The factors causing the differences of foulants on membrane surface were analyzed. Unique microbial species in a foulant layer determined the heterogeneity of foulants. |
S1369703X20300516 | A simple interaction by exchange with the mean mixing model is implemented to describe the glucose concentration segregations in industrial and laboratory scale bioreactors . This approach is coupled with a population balance model for the growth rate adaptation and a metabolic model dependent on the individuals state both from the literature | An IEM mixing model is used to model segregation in heterogeneous bioreactors. The model allows to replicate numerical and experimental data from the literature. Maintenance rate changes due to substrate fluctuations were characterized. A model is formulated to relate the maintenance rate changes to glucose segregation. The experimentally observed loss in biomass productivity is explained by the model. |
S1369703X20300619 | Our previous study reported a novel protein ion exchanger N N dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide grafted Sepharose FF of very high protein adsorption capacity and uptake rate . To gain new insight into the polymer grafting effects on protein adsorption and chromatography 18 DMAPAA grafted anion exchangers of four grafting densities and various chain lengths were prepared and named as FF Br | Polymer grafted anion exchangers of 4 chain densities were fabricated. Adsorption capacity reached over 370mg mL at an ionic capacity of 587mmol L. The resin with an ionic capacity of 592mmol L showed maximum protein uptake rate. Dynamic capacity of the two resins kept over 150mg mL at flow rate up to 1350cm h. |
S1369703X20300620 | Cadaverine is one of the most potential bio based products with a wide range of industrial applications . Bio based polyamides configured with cadaverine demonstrated excellent physical properties comparable to conventional petrochemical based polyamides . In this study recombinant | Biocatalyst shows high enzymatic activity over wide range of pH. Cost saving and process simplification due to removal of buffer solution. PLP plays a critical role influencing the initial rate of biotransformation. High amount of cadaverine with high productivity was achieved. The recycling of biocatalyst was performed with satisfactory efficiency. |
S1369703X20300644 | Flue gas desulphurization wastewater from coal fired power plant contained sulfate halogens metals metalloids and organics which led to serious corrosion and environment pollution . For establishing intensive treatment of FGD wastewater a mixed bacterial sulfate reducing consortium was obtained from strain BY7 and SR10 sulfate reducing bacteria . Intensively removal of SO | FGD wastewater was treated by mixed bacterial sulfate reducing consortium MBSRC . MBSRC conduct intensive removal of SO. metals metalloids organics and halogens. MBSRC enhanced refractory organics degradation in FGD wastewater. Biosorption of chloride and fluoride were promoted by higher cell density. |
S1369703X20300656 | This research aimed to demonstrate the significance of bioaugmentation in the mycoremediation of metals and metalloid polluted landfill soil using consortia of autochthonous filamentous fungi . The fungal consortia used were | Metal metalloid contamination of soil is a serious environmental problem. Physicochemical properties of soil influence metal metalloid bioremediation. Arsenic in the contaminated landfill soil is the most efficiently removed 77 . Metal metalloid pollution can be treated via bioaugmentation with fungal consortia. |
S1369703X20300668 | Inorganic nitrogen and Cr often co exist in wastewater and have been a major threat to ecological equilibrium and public health . In this work we successfully isolated | LX exhibited efficient ability to remove inorganic nitrogen. Simultaneous ammonia and Cr VI removal was achieved by strain LX. More than 80 of ammonia could be removed at 100mgL. NH. N with the addition of 30mgL. Cr VI . A possible pathway of ammonia removal for strain LX was proposed. Immobilized strain LX could degrade ammonia and reduce Cr VI to Cr well in SBR. |
S1369703X20300681 | Black odorous water contains abundant organics and nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus which would lead to eutrophication of the water body and affect the water environment . In this study the eutrophic water body in the campus landscape was taken as the research object and the biological contact oxidation method and co cultivated indigenous microorganisms were adopted to pretreat black odorous water . Inoculating mutant strain M1 through ultraviolet B radiation formed algae bacteria symbiosis system in optimal effluent . The results showed that under the conditions of dissolved oxygen concentration of 5mg L light intensity of 3000 Lx and inoculum size of 125 000 cells mL the optimal organic migration effect was achieved by the combined process . In addition the ability of | Microalgae enhancement was used to purify black odorous water. The combination of the three processes demonstrated the better efficiency. can be used as an indicator of monitoring the degradation of nutrients. |
S1369703X20300735 | Anaerobic sludge filtration tests were performed with two experimental set ups equipped with either submerged hollow fiber membranes or external tubular membranes operated with low crossflow velocity and gas sparging in a gas lift mode . Particle size distributions extracellular polymeric substance concentrations methanogenic activity reversible and irreversible fouling rates and chemical cleaning efficiency were all studied and compared . An increase in the percentage of smaller particles and a decrease in the concentration of volatile suspended solids in the external membrane set up were observed . Both soluble protein and soluble polysaccharide concentrations were also higher in the external filtration . Operating at 1215L m | Anaerobic sludge was filtered in side stream tubular and submerged hollow fiber membranes. Particle size distribution EPS fouling rate and chemical cleaning efficiency were compared. Fouling of the external membrane was notably greater than of the submerged one. Shear stress associated to sludge recirculation caused a reduction in the particle size and VSS. The effectiveness of the physical and chemical cleaning processes were also different. |
S1369703X20300759 | In this study mathematical models are developed for a Microbial Fuel Cell with a fermenter Electrochemically Active Bacteria type two species biofilm governed by Mediator Based Extracellular Electron Transfer or Direct Conduction Based Extracellular Electron Transfer and operating under a batch or continuous mode . Numerical simulations have been carried out to test the impact of a range of physical and biochemical parameters on biofilm composition and current generation . | Modelling two species biofilm with different EET mechanisms and operating modes. Detailed analysis of the responses of biofilm composition to various factors. Revealing complex trade offs between multiple impacts. Predicting the optimal values for several parameters. |
S1369703X20300760 | A kinetic model of a nitrifying expanded bed reactor for the pretreatment of drinking water was developed to analyze its behavior under different concentrations of influent dissolved oxygen ammonium and organic substrate . In laboratory an up flow expanded bed reactor linear velocity 15.5m h space velocity 7.8 h | Mathematical model of water treatment with low strength ammonium and organics. A single set of oligotrophic biofilm kinetics applicable to different water sources. Identification of biofilm attachment and detachment in filtration run and backwash. Empirical equation on required oxygen to design the bioreactor. |
S1369703X20300772 | Tanshinones are compounds of diterpenoid which are used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases however there is an urgent need to improve their production using biotechnological methods . In the present study | The total tanshinone content increased by a maximum of 2.7 fold in. hairy roots by overexpressing. Treatment with elicitors further increased the total tanshinone production in the. overexpressing lines. The tanshinone accumulation correlated positively with the transcriptional level of biosynthetic genes. |
S1369703X20300796 | The stoichiometric reactions that characterize protein fermentation during anaerobic wastewater treatment were investigated using bovine serum albumin as the model protein . A methodology was developed to describe anaerobic protein degradation to volatile fatty acids using a single reaction step based on the dominant amino acid fermentation pathways . The importance of this work stems from the burgeoning need for resource recovery by production of VFAs from waste activated sludge at municipal wastewater treatment plants . The optimum initial fermentation conditions for BSA degradation to organic acids were first established at a pH of 8 and fermentation time of 3 days . The results from two batch experiments of BSA at concentrations of 2 g L and 4 g L showed that the stoichiometric coefficients for acetic butyric and valeric acids generally compared very well with the theoretical except for propionic acid which resulted from an alternative fermentation pathway for arginine and proline without propionic acid production . The organic acids produced at each BSA concentration varied respectively by | A methodology for the stoichiometry of anaerobic protein fermentation was developed. Anaerobic protein fermentation can be described by a single stoichiometry. Alkaline pH condition enhances anaerobic protein degradation to organic acids |
S1369703X20300802 | Bioartificial liver comprising a functional bioreactor represents a promising treatment bridging patients with acute liver failure to liver transplantation . In this research a packed bed bioreactor by utilizing galactosylated poly microfibrous carrier was fabricated and evaluated | Pack bed bioreactor by utilizing galactosylated PET microfibrous carrier PET Gal was fabricated. PET Gal based bioreactor supported efficient hepatocyte adhesion and high density cell growth. Favorable hepatic albumin secretion and urea production within PET Gal based bioreactor. PET Gal based bioreactor maintained phase I drug metabolism and ammonia elimination. |
S1369703X20300814 | The study was to evaluate the capacity of IFAS technology to enhance the acrylamide biodegradation in the biological wastewater treatment systems at high concentrations of 200 300 400 and 800mg AM L. Two sequencing batch reactor systems operating as the IFAS and conventional activated sludge were operated at the solids retention time of 9.0 days and hydraulic retention time of 24h at the operating temperature of about 28C . The experimental results revealed that the mixed culture bacteria in the IFAS system biodegraded acrylamide at the removal efficiencies of 64.9 82.4 99.5 and 86.3 while the AS system removed 36.4 75.1 71.8 and 55.9 at the acrylamide concentrations of 200 300 400 and 800mg AM L respectively . As acrylamide concentrations increased in the wastewater the sludge productions decreased due to the acrylamide toxicity but the biodegradation rates increased resulting from less complexity of mixed substrates . Ammonia was stripped out due to relative high temperature and pH therefore the ammonia inhibition effects on the acrylamide biodegradation were not found . Due to the media clogging the diffusion of substrates was limited therefore biodegradation rates in the IFAS system were remarkably less than the AS system . It can be concluded that the IFAS was superior to the AS system because of additional fixed film biomass . | IFAS was superior to conventional activated sludge system to biodegrade acrylamide. Acrylamide biodegradation rates increased with the decrease of substrate complexity. Acrylamide toxicity decreased sludge production in the wastewater treatment system. Clogging of media in IFAS with calcium carbonate was firstly reported |
S1369703X20300899 | Immobilized enzymes are widely used in the industries for various biochemical reactions in order to gain the benefits of higher stability and reusability . Emerging trends of nanotechnology in immobilization have extended their major applications as carriers for the enzymes . Nanomaterials exhibit different unique properties like high surface area to volume ratio high reactivity catalytic activity rigidity solubility semi conductivity and size dependent optical properties . But it is a great challenge for the nanomaterials to exhibit these unique properties completely in the reaction system due to the diffusion limitations . This review focusses on the involvement of diffusion and diffusion limitations in various catalytic reactions methods to evaluate diffusion limitations and different strategies to overcome . This review can be a different perspective towards the biochemical reactions and can provide information to carry out the enzyme substrate reaction processes using nanomaterials as carriers overcoming diffusion limitations . | Enzyme immobilization is a well known technique that improve the stability of enzymes. At recent studies on nanomaterials as carriers for immobilization are reported. Diffusion limitations in a reaction is a great barrier for catalytic activity of immobilized enzyme. Surface modification of nanocarriers have been revealed to be the best option to overcome the diffusional limitations. |
S1369703X20300905 | Granulation in bioreactors for the treatment of industrial wastewater is a common phenomenon . Anaerobic granular sludge grown on brewery wastewater is known to manifest electrical conductivity a characteristic that previously has been related to direct interspecies electron transfer . To assess if this characteristic is more widespread we determined the electrical conductivity of 28 anaerobic granular sludges grown on a wide variety of industrial wastewaters in full scale reactors . This revealed that it is a highly variable characteristic one sludge had a conductivity of 171 S cm | Electrical conductivity of anaerobic granules ranged from 0.8 to 171 S cm. 4 times higher electrical conductivity than the maximum reported was found. Granules from ethanol related industries did not consistently show conductivity. Microbial community composition alone did not explain electrical conductivity. Positive correlation between conductivity and granule Fe and S contents was found. |
S1369703X20300917 | Polyethylene terephthalate is a major contributor to plastic pollution due to its widespread presence in synthetic fibres . As an intermediate in the chemical recycling of PET disodium terephthalate Na | First mathematical model for the bioconversion of Na. TA by. sp. GO16. The model is predictive for liquid phase and solid phase feeding regimes. Na. accumulation inhibits. sp. GO16growth and Na. TA uptake. Model based optimisation achieves highest ever reported biomass yields on Na. TA. |
S1369703X20300929 | Hydrocarbon substrates can be upgraded to high value products through biological oxidation processes whereby an oxygen moiety is inserted into the hydrocarbon backbone by microbes in a suitable bioreactor system such as a bubble column reactor . However there is a need to understand the behaviour of the Sauter bubble diameter D | Gas hold up and bubble diameter measured under different operational conditions. Superficial gas velocity linearly increased the gas hold up and bubble diameter. Hydrocarbons had an insignificant impact on gas hold up and bubble diameter. Yeast loadings increased the bubble diameter which therefore gas hold up decreased. |
S1369703X20300930 | Three biodegradation were carried out in soils with activator non activator and no activator . For oil addicted biodegradation macro alkanes were devoured soil S1 3313mg C | Macro alkanes in soils were efficiently degraded. Rapid growth and high respiration activity of oil addicted microbe were stimulated by adding activator. Less consumption of NH. N and acetic acid for oil addicted biodegradation. |
S1369703X20300942 | Chemical pesticides cause serious problems to the environment as well as human and animal health . A conceptual design and economic analysis was carried out for a hypothetical factory in order to produce an environmentally friendly insect controller agent from | Insect controller agent produced biotechnologically with. cell culture. Bioprocess plant design and economic analysis of a botanic insect controller agent. Analysis of capital investment and manufacturing cost of the product. Minimum selling price of three different product formulations. |
S1369703X20300954 | Carbon dots with tunable photoluminescence in a large range are produced by a microwave assisted polyol method . The emission of CDs in aqueous can be adjusted by simply changing the precursors concentrations . The CDs with tunable photoluminescence have been further functionalized to develop a homogeneous glucose biosensor by incorporating with enzyme conjugated graphene oxide . The fluorescence of CDs can be quenched through covalently interacting with the graphene oxide . The restored fluorescence is observed in the presence of glucose . The performance of the homogeneous sensing system has been evaluated by testing glucose levels in a range from 0.2 mM to 10 mM . Two linear relationships of the restored fluorescence intensity as a function of the concentration of glucose are obtained i.e . 2 mM to 10 mM and 0.2 mM to 1 mM respectively . In addition streptozotocin induced diabetic rats are utilized to evaluate the performance of the designed sensor for testing diabetic rats plasma glucose . The results demonstrate that the homogeneous carbon based biosensor can measure glucose in the blood and in other conditions . | CDs produced by a new method show tunable luminescence within a large range. Carbon nanostructure based glucose sensing assay. This glucose sensing assay can quickly detect glucose in a broad range of concentration. Diabetic rats were used to evaluate the performance of the glucose sensing assay. |
S1369703X20300966 | In this paper the degradation process of oily sludge in continuous aeration and stirred bioreactor was studied . The transient kinetics model for degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon by strain NY3 was established by considering both the gas liquid solid multiphase flow model and the mass transfer reaction of microorganisms . By optimizing the key parameters such as stirring speed and aeration rate the degradation rate of oily sludge can be improved . Based on the developed time based model the degradation rate of petroleum hydrocarbon can then be predicted . The experimental results showed the effectiveness of the proposed model which can provide important theoretical support for the parameters optimization of the reactor and the degradation of petroleum pollutants . | Coupled multiphase flow model and biological reaction kinetic model. The model can predict the degradation rate of petroleum hydrocarbons accurately. Parameter optimization of bioreactor. Biodegradation of oily sludge using strain NY3 is highly efficient. |
S1369703X2030098X | Polyether wastewater from chemical industries is difficult to be degraded directly by microorganisms even at low concentration . The feasibilities and differences of using complex and single carbon sources as co metabolic substrates to acclimate activated sludge for enhancing treatment of low concentration polyether wastewater were comparatively analyzed . The complex carbon source was produced from citric acid production wastewater and the sodium acetate was selected as single carbon source . Results indicated that the LCPW could be effectively treated with acclimated activated sludge and satisfying the wastewater discharge standard . Importantly the activated sludge acclimated with CAPW presented larger biomass better treatment performance and higher extracellular polymeric substance content dehydrogenase activity and bacterial diversity than that acclimated with NaAc . Moreover high throughput sequencing revealed that the relative abundance of dominant families associated with nutrient removal in AS CAPW or AS NaAc e.g . | Efficient biological treatment of LCPW was achieved. LCPW effluent after treatment by acclimated activated sludge can meet standard. Activated sludge acclimated by CAPW showed good EPS content and dehydrogenase activity. Higher bacterial diversity acclimated by CAPW led to efficient LCPW treatment. |
S1369703X20300991 | In previous study we conducted removal of oil droplets in o w emulsion by flotation involving addition of methylated milk casein as a flocculant in a batch system and proposed a simple kinetic model to evaluate the removal rate constant | Variation in dosage of MeCS significantly affected flotation rate and efficiency. Flotation efficiency is proportional to clarification efficiency by flocculation. Flotation kinetic model agreed well with experimental data. Flotation rate could be evaluated by the removal rate constant of the proposed model |
S1369703X20301005 | DegQ is a member of highly conserved htrA family proteins acting as a chaperone protease facilitating refolding or degradation of periplasmic misfolded proteins . In the current regulatory model of DegQ the resting state was inactive hexamers and they would reassemble into cage like polyhedrons to refold or degrade substrates . Here the characteristics of DegQ from | DegQ harbored both proteolytic activity and chaperone like activity. Trimers of. DegQ possessed robust proteolytic activity as cage like polyhedrons. Trimers suffered serious self degradation in degrading substrates while cage like polyhedrons were stable. Chaperone activity of cage like polyhedrons was much higher than that of trimers. |
S1369703X20301017 | An unstructuredunsegregated temperature dependent kinetic model was developed and validated to describe ethanol fermentation in a mixture of xylose and glucose for the nonconventional yeast | A kinetic model describing fermentation from mixed C5 and C6 sugars was proposed. The kinetic model was composed by 13 equations and 16 kinetic parameters. A differential evolution algorithm was applied for parameter estimation. Four parameters were estimated as a function of temperature as Arrhenius equations. Through model simulation the highest ethanol productivity is attained between 30 and 32C. |
S1369703X20301029 | Methyl 2 furoate is a high value compound and can be produced via esterification of furoic acid derived from biobased furfural . Herein CAL B and PF | A novel model was developed to study enzymatic esterification kinetics. The relationship between rate constants and various factors was presented. Alcohol just inhibited hydrolysis activity rather than esterification activity. Binary regression was suitable for the developed model to fit experimental data. The activation energy of esterification and hydrolysis reactions was identical. |
S1369703X20301030 | Chitin was obtained by economic fermentative and chemical extractions from crab shell to compare the structural differences . In the fermentation soybean curd residue | Biologically and chemically extracted chitin from crab shell were compared. and its protein extract were used in a culture medium of. Amino acids and minerals in the fermentation affected the properties of chitin. At same DA different crystallinity and thermal enthalpy were caused by H bonding. |
S1369703X20301042 | Large accumulation of nitrate in soil has resulted in soil salinization . Nitrate and nitrite reduction are of great importance for nitrogen assimilation and understanding the specific roles of each participating reductase is necessary to describe the biochemical balance that dictates the bacteria responses to their environments . The genes encoding assimilatory nitrite reductase from | Heterologous expression of two nitrite reductase subunits from. Enzymatic activity range of temperature 2060C and pH 5.09.0 . Molecular dynamics simulations indicate specific amino residues of subunits. Nitrite ion interacts with active site of enzyme by forming ligand hydrogen bonds. |
S1369703X20301054 | In many application fields microbial lipases have to coexist with hydrogen peroxide in the same reaction system and it is necessary to construct hydrogen peroxide tolerant lipase mutant variants . Mass changes between native amino acids and the oxidized amino acids by hydrogen peroxide were determined using mass spectrometry in early research . Based on the known 3D structure information and mass spectrometric analysis data an extremely small library of | Accurately predict oxidized amino acid residues of lipase LipA in hydrogen peroxide. An extremely small but smart library contained only twenty six lipase LipA mutants. and. of LipA W. A M. E to H. was increased by 9.1 fold and 9.5 fold. |
S1369703X20301169 | Production of sufficient numbers of multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells is a great challenge that the industry must address to meet the increasing demand for clinical size product batches . This can be understood as an opportunity to exploit existing bioprocessing technologies already tested successfully in the production of vaccines and biologicals . Herein we analyse the transition from traditional manual cell expansion 2D methodologies to scalable and automated platforms with the capacity to yield billions of cells per batch in a robust reproducible and cost effective manner in compliance with current Good Manufacturing Practices . This review gives special relevance to the key features of multiple manufacturing platforms particularly those using microcarriers to support cell expansion and single use bioreactors . | The expansion of cell based therapies needs for scalable and robust manufacturing. Scale up procedures should yield high cell numbers and meet defined specifications. Monitored single use bioreactors are convenient platforms for hMSC production. Key culture conditions to support successful expansion of hMSC are revised. Materials reagents and regulatory compliance are key to ensure reproducibility. |
S1369703X20301170 | Microfibrous viscose rayon scaffolds functionalized with poly L lysine and laminin were used to culture pheochromocytoma cells in recirculation bioreactors under bulk laminar flow conditions . To determine the effects of continuous forced convective flow on cell viability growth and neurogenesis the cultures were exposed to fluid induced shear stresses of magnitude 2.710 | PC12 cells were cultured in microfibrous scaffolds in bioreactors with continuous laminar fluid flow. Cells were subjected to hydrodynamic shear stresses between 2.710. and 4.610. Pa without damage. The integrity of protein functionalized scaffold fibers was maintained under flow. Cell growth and neural differentiation were enhanced by fluid flow relative to static conditions. Neural differentiation was greater in scaffold cultures than in surface monolayers. |
S1369703X20301236 | In this study the changes in the enzymatic activity and bacterial communities inhabiting the earthworm gut were investigated to determine the correlation between feeding conditions and tetracycline degradation . Two TC concentrations were fed to earthworms using either the sequential swallowing or repeated swallowing technique . The repeated swallowing feeding technique was found to have a better effect on the degradation rate of TC . The peroxidase and catalase activities in earthworms fed using the sequential swallowing technique were higher than those in earthworms fed using the repeated swallowing technique . When the sequential swallowing technique was used the TC degradation rate was found to be negatively correlated with the abundance of | This work set two ways of swallowing sequential swallowing and repeated swallowing. The digestion of earthworms enhanced the degradation rate of TC in municipal sludge. The bacterial community in earthworm intestine changed under different feeding ways. |
S1369703X20301248 | This article presents a numerical study of the oscillatory phenomena occurring in the bioethanol production process by aerobic continuous fermentation using | Bifurcation analysis with detected Hopf points and period doubling points. Feigenbaum diagrams with rich dynamics and chaotic phenomena. A method of qualitative metabolic interpretation of generated limit cycles. Interactions between metabolic pathways in oscillatory state of biomass cells. Metabolic nature of the generated limit cycles and chaotic attractors. |
S1369703X2030125X | The fixed bed ion exchange column was proven to be an efficient method in the simultaneous fermentation and separation process for various organic acids and was used in my work to explore fumaric acid production process . The adsorption and desorption processes were investigated using D201 resin in the column . NaHCO | The adsorption and desorption conditions were investigated using D201 resin in the column. HCO. was selected as ion form of resin with higher adsorption percentage 76.44 . Extra neutralizers were avoided using HCO. as ion form of resin. The yield of fumaric acid in simultaneous fermentation and separation process reached 17.53g L. |
S1369703X20301261 | In this study an analysis of the hydrodynamic effects on the hexadecane uptake strategies of a bacterial consortium in an airlift bioreactor was performed using mathematical modelling . The model was developed by considering the capacity of the consortium to consume HXD either directly through direct interfacial contact or through uptake of emulsified forms . The model was fitted to experimental data 0.822 R | The kinetic model considers DC and EF as the two principal strategies in HXD uptake. increases led to high oxygen and HXD uptake both predicted by the model. The major microbial strategy was DC with an HXD uptake among 90.897.66 . The model show that hydrophobicity and bacterial shape are critical for HXD uptake. |
S1369703X20301297 | Data about the effects of mycelium on local air dispersion in stirred tanks are very limited . Available information has been focused in laboratory scale bioreactors and under constant stirring speed conditions . However aeration and the biomass cause indirect changes in the actual power consumption . Therefore studies keeping constant the gassed power input per unit volume P | Local BSD and d. were analyzed with retrofitted P. V in a three phases system. The presence of mycelial biomass change the BSD from bimodal to unimodal shape. Air dispersion patterns were different in the three positions analyzed. The bottom impeller showed a peculiar behavior suggesting that it was flooded. |
S1369703X20301315 | Extracellular Polymeric Substance production in relation to carbohydrate and protein compositions is an important key in wastewater bio treatment and microalgal harvesting . The influence of microalgal cultivation conditions on EPS production is well documented in previous studies but there continues to be a research gap that involves the effect of the initial concentration of microalgae added in media culture . This study aimed at investigating the impact of various initial microalgae concentrations on the behavior of carbohydrate and protein compositions constituting EPS . This study is important as it helps to enhance EPS production that associate with its applications . The total carbohydrate on average obtained was 31.1mgL | Effect of different initial concentrations of microalgae on the behavior of EPS is examined. Compositions of carbohydrates and proteins of EPS were not regulated by microalgae concentration. Regulation of nine monosaccharides showed an insignificant fluctuation in EPS mass. Glucose and arabinose are two key compounds that derive the regulation of EPS production. |
S1369703X20301327 | The focus of the current study is the modeling of UF DF mixing equipment with a focus on mixing performance . When jet flow and stirring are combined a spatially resolved computational model can be very helpful as it makes it possible to predict the flow field and thus the mixing behavior of such tanks . In order to evaluate a particular geometry and parameter set a mixing efficiency term is introduced to allow the assessment of the mixing performance with one single parameter that can be derived from experiments and CFD simulations . This parameter is used to judge the predictability of the presented CFD approach . Small scale experiments are used to validate simulation results and good agreement is achieved . This model is then used to optimize a production scale industrial vessel . Such model approaches will help in developing processes for high titer formulations and enables the design of robust and reliable geometries . | Mixing tanks can be characterized using computational fluid dynamics CFD. Prediction of complex behavior caused by stirring in combination with jet flows. Testing and optimization of different geometries and operating conditions in silico. Mixing efficiency as a single parameter to assess the mixing performance including jet flows. |
S1369703X2030139X | In this study we presented an integrated systems biology approach to elucidate the key characteristics of cellular metabolism in Chinese hamster ovary cells producing monoclonal antibodies . The cellular metabolism in high and low producers under batch conditions was interrogated dynamically both within and among cells . First transcriptomics analysis was used to study the time course change in the metabolic pathway within cells that was correlated with mAb productivity increase . Second differentially regulated pathways between high and low producers were sought at each growth phase . Several up regulated pathways were identified in the high producer at the late growth phase including citrate cycle oxidative phosphorylation and pentose phosphate pathway . These activities were further analyzed by intracellular flux distributions estimated through a genome scale CHO model . Our results revealed that these key pathways are identified to be characteristics of high mAb production not only for the high producing cell line but also a dynamic phenomenon in mAb producing cell cultures . This study showed that the approach of integrating transcriptomics and flux analysis leads to a better understanding of cellular metabolism related to mAb productivity . In turn this allows for the identification of metabolic bottlenecks and potential engineering targets for cell line development and process optimization . | Transcriptomics analysis was used to study metabolism change over the batch culture. Metabolic pathway alternations were analyzed between high and low producers. Key pathways related to productivity increase and high productivity were elucidated. Combined transcriptomics and flux analysis allow to identify metabolic bottlenecks. |
S1369703X20301406 | Biological mechanisms for Cr removing induced by ZnAl LDHs coated on maifanite substrate were explored in constructed rapid infiltration systems . Characteristics of maifanite ZnAl LDHs and natural maifanite by scanning electron microscope and X ray fluorescence spectrometer confirmed the feasibility of the LDHs coating way . The purification experiments showed that the CRIS with maifanite ZnAl LDHs substrate displayed higher Cr removal performance induced by microorganism than that with natural maifanite . High throughput sequencing results of microorganism immobilized on the two substrates revealed that | Maifanite ZnAl LDHs induced low richness but high evenness of microbial community. Enzymatic activities were enhanced by ZnAl LDHs and contributed to Cr VI removal. and. were discovered to be promoted by ZnAl LDHs. |
S1369703X20301418 | Engineering of enzymes without crystal structures and homologous structures is a great challenge for structure based computational enzyme design . In this study a computational strategy that combines protein structure prediction sequence optimization and molecular dynamics simulation was developed to improve the catalytic efficiency of the UDP dependent glycosyltransferase EUGT11 for the synthesis of rebaudioside D from rebaudioside A . The modeled structure of EUGT11 was constructed using a threading based structure prediction method and the H27D128 catalytic dyad for glycosylation was identified by bioinformatics analysis . Variant sequences of EUGT11 were created using the computational enzyme design method and a single variant M2 was confirmed experimentally to have a catalytic efficiency 2.18 fold higher than that of the wild type enzyme . The molecular dynamics simulation results revealed that the F379A mutation improved the binding of the sugar acceptor which may explain the increased catalytic activity of the M2 variant . Although the catalytic efficiency of the M2 variant needs to be further improved for practical use the developed computational strategy can be applied to improve the properties of enzymes when their structures are unknown . | A computational strategy was developed to improve enzymes without structures. The activity of a glycosyltransferase for rebaudioside D synthesis was promoted. Molecular dynamics simulation was integrated with computational enzyme design. |
S1369703X20301443 | Stable efficient and low aeration consumption operation of the sewage treatment process under low atmosphere pressure is a major challenge in high altitude areas . The simultaneous nitrification denitrification and phosphorus removal process may be suitable for low oxygen conditions and can reduce aeration energy consumption under low atmosphere pressure because of the low demand for dissolved oxygen . Here we studied an SNDPR system at low atmosphere pressure that showed stable and efficient performance . The nitrogen removal efficiency at 72kPa was much lower than that at 100kPa at the same aeration rate while the residual phosphate concentration remained unchanged . To achieve the same oxygen demand the energy consumption required at 72kPa needed to be increased by 25 over that at 100kPa . Lower atmosphere pressure enhanced the activities of phosphorus accumulating organisms nitrate dependent denitrifying phosphorus accumulating organisms nitrite dependent denitrification bacteria and nitrate oxidizing bacteria but suppressed the activities of ammonia oxidizing bacteria . 16S rDNA sequencing showed that atmosphere pressure can have a large influence on the composition of microbial communities . The nitrogen removal process was the major problem that needed to be enhanced in SNDPR systems at low atmosphere pressure especially the ammonia oxidation process . | The removal efficiency of TN and TP under SNDPR at 72kPa was 77.90 and 96.23 . N removal efficiency was less at 72kPa relative to 100kPa at the same aeration rate. Energy consumption at 72kPa was 1.25 times that at 100kPa to achieve the same DO. Lower atmosphere pressure enhanced the activities of PAOs but suppressed AOB. |
S1369703X20301455 | Ammonia rich lagoon supernatant has a low alkalinity nitrogen ratio which is ideal for single reactor nitritation denitritation operation . In the present study an integrated fixed film and activated sludge system in sequencing batch mode was operated at 21C for 140 days . The stability and feasibility of nitritation denitritation performance was evaluated and the microbial activities and microbial community dynamics were investigated . With a hydraulic retention time of 2 days the IFAS SBR achieved a stable inorganic nitrogen removal rate of 98 . Nitritation and denitritation activities were both higher in suspended flocs as compared to biofilm . The dominant nitrifying and primary denitrifying genera were | High strength biosolid digested lagoon supernatant was treated by single reactor nitritation denitritation process. The system showed a stable inorganic nitrogen removal rate of 98 with HRT of 2 days. Suspended sludge showed high nitritation and denitritation activities in both nitritation and denitritation. and. were the dominant genera for nitrifiers and denitrifiers respectively. Suspended sludge showed higher nitritation and denitritation activities than biofilm. |
S1369703X20301479 | Fluidised bed bioreactors are a promising alternative to provide high cell densities and a more defined culture environment for 2D and 3D cell cultures . However for their wider use in biotechnology applications a better understanding of their hydrodynamics is required . In this work the fluidisation properties of three common particles in tissue engineering single cells cells clusters and gel microbeads were evaluated and compared to established liquid fluidisation correlations . Only a few studies to date have attempted to characterise the hydrodynamic behaviour of gel beads while none were found for the other two particle types studied here . All particles were in the micrometre size range and their densities were found to be near equal to the fluid phase . The particle terminal velocities were measured and corrected for hindrance effects but these values were poorly predicted by equations proposed for rigid smooth spheres . Bed expansion data was presented in the form of logarithmic plots of velocity against voidage and analysed in terms of Richardson Zaki parameters | Physical properties of cells spheroids and gel beads were characterised. Terminal velocity is sensitive to particle density using Turton Clark equation. The bed expansion was characterised in terms Richardson Zaki equation. Experimental voidage values were not well predicted by existing models. Using experimental. and. was recommended for an initial FBB design. |
S1369703X20301492 | As an important renewable resource lignin has been found difficult to utilize due to its intrinsic heterogeneity . To meet the increasing demand for lignin valorization in this study we develop novel pathways for coumarins biosynthesis from lignin . Feruloyl CoA 6 hydroxylase and 4 coumarate CoA ligase are expressed in budding yeast to produce scopoletin from ferulic acid which is one of the three main monomers of lignin . Further more the fusion expression of these two genes enhances the concentration of scopoletin and the fusion expression with the linker | Yeast was engineered to produce scopoletin from lignin hydrolysate. Fraxetin was synthesized from scopoletin and ferulic acid. F6H1 showed substance specificity in hydroxylation. Fusion expression of key enzymes improved scopoletin production. |
S1369703X20301510 | Diabody 31 a bispecific therapeutic antibody is a heterodimer comprised of two types of chimeric single chain variable fragments that has been identified as a clone with high cytotoxicity against cancer cells . Diabody 31 is inactive as a homodimer and monomer yet active as a heterodimer in solution . Herein we examined the association between two kinds of diabodies LH and HL type based on the behavior of four kinds of their constituent chimera scFvs by size analysis . More than half of the LH diabody fraction including two types of chimeric scFV that were equally expressed and nearly all HL diabody fraction components including one chimeric HL L scFv were in inactive form and changed components dynamically as time passed . The association of these diabodies corresponded to that of the scFv chimera indicating that analysis of these chimeras could predict diabody quality . Furthermore addition of the deficient HL R chimera scFv comprised of an unbalanced chimeric scFv ratio to the HL diabody fraction increased cancer cell cytotoxicity with maximal effects obtained upon repeating the process five times . These findings provide insights into the efficient construction of a functional diabody by noting the characteristics of associated diabodies and the molar ratio of expressed chimera scFvs . | Nearly half the LH diabody fraction and all the HL fraction were in inactive form. Diabody fraction components changed dynamically with time. The association of diabodies corresponded to that of the scFv chimera. Addition of the deficient HL R chimera scFV increased cancer cell cytotoxicity. |
S1369703X20301522 | This report contains a case study of late phase cell culture process development where the titer was increased final drug substance quality was maintained and consistent manufacturing was demonstrated for production of an IgG | Rosmarinic acid RA a new additive increases titer by 100 at 1000 L scale. Quality attributes were comparable between processes with and without RA. RA can be integrated in a dry powder basal medium which is easy to use. A detailed study is presented how to introduce RA into GMP facility. RA leads to less generation of reactive oxygen species and caspase 3 |
S1369703X20301534 | Effective bioprocess development using Chinese hamster ovary cells as hosts is hampered by the limited understanding of cellular metabolism under process conditions in bioreactors . Systematic tools such as genome scale models have been developed but their value has not been satisfactorily demonstrated and exploited for process development . In this study we proposed a method using a genome scale model to analyze existing process studies for bioprocess optimization . First we used existing industrial CHO cell culture experiments to systematically gain metabolic insights for bioprocess development . Two fed batch cultures using the same cell line and process resulted in different titers by supplementing two different types of feed media . A genome scale model was applied to calculate fluxomics from extracellular metabolomics and then the metabolic differences were further analyzed through pathway analysis between these two cell culture conditions . Transcriptomics data from RNA Seq were employed at this point for comparison and found to be consistent in pathway analysis with the flux analysis results . At the second stage we developed a modeling based approach for media optimization to increase antibody production based on the understanding from the first stage . The new design was tested | A genome scale CHO model was employed to analyze the metabolism of CHO cells. Flux analysis results from genome scale model were compared with transcriptomics analysis. In silico simulations using genome scale model were performed for feed optimization. This is the first study to apply genome scale CHO model to improve the IgG production. |
S1369703X20301546 | Much attention has been paid recently to developing greener and sustainable technologies in the herbal medicine industry which produces large amounts of waste . This work proposes a clean approach to isolating bioactive food fiber as polyphenolic polysaccharide conjugates by combining ultrafiltration with shortening the process time lowering the energy input improving the water management and reducing the organic solvent consumption while maintaining an acceptable yield and biological activity with higher selectivity for PPCs . A simple procedure using UF has high potential for industrial approaches . Leaves of wild strawberry | Food fiber like polyphenolic glycoconjugates PPCs from. leaf. Membrane ultrafiltration UF allows sustainable separation of PPCs form biomass. Response surface methodology is useful to optimize separation procedure variables. Optimum parameters increase the selectivity of anticoagulant activity of PPCs. |
S1369703X20301959 | Biorefinery wastewaters can be fermented to produce carboxylates which are high value platform chemicals . However the major challenges in this fermentation are limited product yields and productivities faced due to product inhibition and difficulty in carboxylate separation and recovery from fermentation broths . To mitigate the above problems process optimization via integrated fermentation separation i.e . | reactive extraction RE is investigated for ISPR coupled VFA fermentation. 7585 increase in extraction yields was achieved with RE over physical extraction. Aliquat 336 and TOPO solved in methyloctanoate were the best reactive extractants. VFA extractant molar ratio of 1 2 was the most optimal for VFA extraction. Extraction yields of 11.529.5 acetic acid to almost 100 caproic acid achieved. |
S1369703X20301972 | The acclimation process of activated sludge from a wastewater treatment plant for degradation of glyphosate and its biodegradation kinetics were studied in a batch reactor . The parameters monitored included the concentrations of glyphosate as well as aminomethylphosphonic acid its main metabolite total organic carbon pH dissolved oxygen and biomass concentration . At the end of the acclimation process glyphosate removal efficiency of the acclimated sludge was compared to the fresh sludge one . The results showed that the acclimation process highly increased degradation efficiency . Complete glyphosate removal has been achieved during kinetics experiments . Glyphosate removal kinetic of the acclimated sludge was modeled by Monod model that accurately fitted the experimental results with a maximum growth rate | Complete glyphosate removal has been obtained by acclimated activated sludge. C N cleavage confirms the use of glyphosate as carbon source. Monod model fitted experimental data of glyphosate biodegradation kinetics with a maximum growth rate of 0.34h. A biodegradation pathway was deduced from kinetic results. |
S1369703X20301996 | a homofermentative lactic acid bacterium is widely applied in fermentation industry . In this study a reductive TCA pathway was constructed in | was engineered with a rTCA pathway for the synthesis of malate. The rTCA pathway was established by overexpressing. and. in. Competitive metabolic pathways were disrupted to improve the biosynthesis of malate. Promoter engineering improved the titer of malate from 3.13g L to 5.75g L. Fed batch fermentation further improved the titer of malate to 14.1g L in |
S1369703X20302060 | Nowadays an increasing amount of studies indicate the numerous applications of bacteriophages . However so far there is limited availability of simple efficient and sensitive methods for evaluation and comparison of the phages lytic activity against its host . The aim of this paper is the examination of a new methodological approach for the comparative evaluation of bacteriophages lytic activity against bacterial host . For this purpose two model bacteria gram positive | Chosen bacteriophages three kayviruses for. and three wildtypes T4 like for. were cultivated. Phages lytic activity was measured experimentally for different MOI. A new mathematical method to evaluate phages lytic activity was proposed. Obtained data showed that the new method allows evaluating phages lytic activity very precisely. |
S1369703X20302072 | Splitting anaerobic digestion processes into two reactors may be biologically advantageous but their separation in two stages significantly increases energetic costs . Therefore the aim of this work was to study the energetic feasibility of a two stage system producing hydrogen and methane by anaerobically co digesting whey and glycerin in a sequencing batch reactor . The highest methane productivity 185.9 molCH | Tested viability of a two stage system producing H. and CH. from whey and glycerin. Highest methane productivity 185.9 molCH. .m. .d. at 11.8 kgCOD.m. .d. Energy yield of two stage system 7.0MJ.kgCOD. with US 8170 of savings. Energy yield of single stage system 12.0MJ.kgCOD. with US 13 920 of savings. Two stage should be used when single stage achieves less than 8.8 molCH. .kgCOD |
S1369703X20302084 | D tagatose is a natural yet rare hexose that can be used as a functional sweetener owing to its hypoglycemic and anticaries properties . A four step enzymatic cascade reaction was performed to synthesize | Glucan phosphorylase and phosphoglucomutase were co immobilized on Duolite A568. A catalytic cascade system was constructed to synthesize glucose 6 phosphate. The co immobilized GP PGM was prepared by an effective crosslinker PEGDGE. The thermal stability of co immobilized GP PGM were significantly enhanced. Co immobilization improved storage stability after storage at 4C for 60 days. |
S1369703X20302096 | With special fragrance and various biological properties linalool has wide applications in food pharmaceuticals and cosmetics industries . Microbial biosynthesis has become a promising approach to linalool production however its efficiency is limited by the limited precursor supply and poor efficiency of linalool synthase . With the goal of enhancing heterologous linalool production in | Combining protein engineering and metabolic engineering to improve linalool production. Enhanced precursor supply by overexpressing the whole MVA pathway and ERG20. Directed evolution of linalool synthase based on lycopene indicated screening method. Highest linalool titer ever reported in. 53.14mg L . |
S1369703X20302102 | This study investigated the effects of microalgae and light on nitrifying bacteria . The oxygen production rates of microalgae were measured at various cell concentrations and it was observed that 5002000mg L of microalgal concentration supplied sufficient oxygen for bacterial nitrification without forced aeration . The effects of light on nitrification were investigated by determining the ammonia oxidation rate and nitrate production rate of enriched nitrifiers in the absence of microalgae with forced aeration and it was observed that those rates were significantly lowered in the presence of light . However the inhibitory effects of light on AOR and NPR were partially reduced in the co culture owing to the self shading effect . AOR and NPR of co cultures with | The activity of enriched nitrifiers was significantly inhibited by light. High concentrations of microalgae slowed oxygen production due to self shading effect. The inhibitory effect of light on nitrifiers was alleviated in the co culture. Reactive oxygen species affected nitrification negatively. Electricity consumption of coculture was lower than that of aerated bacteria culture. |
S1369703X20302114 | 2 5 Furandicarboxylic acid is one of the most important platform chemicals especially as a promising alternative to terephthalic acid . In this study a new and prospective tandem whole cell cascade composed of recombinant | The ability of. KT2440 to oxidize furanic aldehydes was investigated. Whole cell of. M exhibited higher HMF conversion than. enzyme. A whole cell cascade composed of. M and. KT2440 was constructed. Improved biosynthesis of FDCA from HMF was realized by whole cell cascade. The bioconversion rate was much faster than other reported biocatalysts. |
S1369703X20302126 | Fungi can be used in a bio trickling filter to treat volatile organic compound pollutants . To explore the effect of liquid supply on the performance of a fungal BTF a three layer BTF filled with ceramsite and inoculated with | Effect of liquid supply on the performance of a fungal BTF was explored in details. Temperatures of 16 to 28 and humidity 40 were suitable for fungal survival. Timely removal of microelements in nutrient can enhance the activity of some fungi. The microbial diversity of space in BTF started by. was analyzed. |
S1369703X20302138 | Cadaverine is a five carbon diamine which serves as an important biochemical for the synthesis of bio based nylon . It can be produced by the bioconversion of | BL21harboring pdxY under the J23100 promoter resulted in highest yield of PLP. pdxK plays a critical role in accumulation of PLP for biotransformation. Lysine was 100 converted to cadaverine in co expressing pdxK and CadA. Cadaverine biotransformation was enhanced for. and. applications. Whole cell biocatalyst achieved the highest cadaverine productivity of 121g L h. |
S1369703X2030214X | Despite considerable foaming problems oleic acid is still the most commonly used substrate for the biochemical production of 9 octadecenedioic acid . In this paper the suitability of alternative substrates such as oleyl alcohol methyl ethyl and butyl oleate was investigated . First the toxicity of the alternative substrates to the fermenting yeast | needs a long adaptation phase at high ethanol concentrations. is severely intoxicated at low butanol concentrations. Two feasible oleic acid alternatives were found for octadecenedioic acid production. Butyl esters are rejected as substrates for microbial dicarboxylic acid production. |
S1369703X20302163 | The flexible loops or domains have been widely regarded to be involved in the catalytic modulation substrate recognition or thermal stability of enzymes . However in AGE superfamily the relationship of flexible loop and the tryptophan residue with catalytic direction and substrate specificity was still a mystery . In order to uncover this the specific structures of cellobiose 2 epimerase flexible loop and Trp372 were grafted into the mannose isomerase to generate a new recombinant protein named CMW . As a result CMW showed no isomerization activity to monosaccharide mannose but displayed epimerization and isomerization activity toward disaccharide indicating that the CMW got close to CE but stepped far away from MI . These results demonstrated that the flexible loop and Trp372 were two key factors in determining the catalytic direction and substrate specificity . Combining the computational calculation and the structural analysis it was speculated that the | The flexible loop and Trp introduction make the recombined CMW acted as CE not MI. The. barrel was only involved in proton transfer. The substrate specificity was determined by the Trp. CE Trp372 and. CE Trp308 . CE Trp372 and the flexible loop was proposed to impact the catalytic directions. |
S1369703X20302175 | Chinese hamster ovary cells are mainly used mammalian host to produce therapeutic recombinant glycoproteins which are close to the human like glycosylation of glycoproteins . However cytidine monophosphate N acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase in CHO cells can produce N glycolylneuraminic acids which elicits the immune response in the human body . Therefore it is vital to silence the expression of CMAH in CHO cells using gene editing technology . CRISPR Cas9 based gene editing system was performed to knock out the expression of CMAH in CHO cells . Plasmids containing Cas9 single guide RNA and reporter sequences of CMAH gene were constructed and transformed into HEK293 T cells to screen the sgRNA with high cleavage efficiency . Then the plasmids were co transfected into the CHO cells . Eight CHO monoclonal cells were obtained by flow cytometry sorting and expanded . Base deletion mutations were identified by PCR and Sanger sequencing . qRT PCR and MTT assay were confirmed the CMAH gene mutation in the CHO cells . Moreover the recombinant human erythropoietin protein was also expressed in the mutant CHO cells and the N Glycosylation of rEPO showed that G0F G1F GN increased and G0F GN G0 Man5 were decreased . CRISPR Cas9 system is a very convenient system for editing CMAH gene in CHO cells . The mutant CHO cells can be used as host to express the recombinant glycoprotein . | CRISPR Cas9 technology was used to knock out the glycosylation enzyme in CHO cells. Knock out of CMAH gene in CHO cell minimize the immune response in the human body. The mutant CHO cells can be used as host to express the recombinant glycoprotein. |
S1369703X20302217 | For high throughput cell culture and associated analytics droplet based cultivation systems open up the opportunities for parallelization and rapid data generation . In contrast to microfluidics with continuous flow sessile droplet approaches enhance the flexibility for fluid manipulation with less operational effort . Generating biologically favorable conditions and promoting cell growth in a droplet however is particularly challenging due to mass transfer limitations which has to be solved by implementing an effective mixing technique . | Capillary waves induced by vertical oscillation are used to mix a sessile droplet micro bioreactor. Oscillations in resonance lead to specific mode patterns on liquid surface. Mass transfer inside an oscillated liquid droplet is particularly affected by the excitation frequency. Mixing times and. values can be tailored by oscillation settings. |
S1369703X2030231X | Microbial synthesis of high value biochemicals like biosurfactants using renewable substrates has attracted an intensive interest in the past decade . In this work the bioproduction of sophorolipids was achieved by fermentation of different vegetable oils with the strain of | Novel hydrophobic cryogels prepared. cryo polymerization of reactive emulsion. Cryogel porosities of 8796 and Youngs elasticity modulus changed with solvents. Hydrophobic cryogels are useful as oil carriers in biosynthesis of sophorolipids. Productivity of sophorolipids improved 14.5 72.1 for different vegetable oils. |
S1369703X20302345 | The orange peel waste is essentially an important residue in many countries representing more a problem than one opportunity . Most of this residue processing is related to low added value products and it includes the generation of other residues . Among new alternatives to valorize this residue during last years a high added value product is the mucic acid . This work addresses the pre feasibility analysis of the mucic acid production using galacturonic acid from pectin using Orange Peel Waste as feedstock through the biorefinery concept . The proposed biorefinery comprises the pectin extraction using citric acid mucic acid production from the liquid fraction of the pectin hydrolysis and biogas production using the remaining solid . The experiments for pectin extraction and biogas production were carried out to determine the yields to be used in the process simulation . The material and energy balances of the biorefinery were obtained through the Aspen Plus V9.0 tool . These results were used in the energy economic and environmental evaluation . A preliminary environmental evaluation for the process was done with Waste Reduction Algorithm software . The experimental pectin hydrolysis and biogas production yields were 0.15 0.77 g g of OPW and 0.256 Nm | Orange peel waste yields 20.14 kg tonne of mucic acid. Biogas and mucic acid production costs are reduced by 36 increasing the OPW flow. Mucic acid production demands 42 of the capital investment of the OPW biorefinery. |
S1369703X20302370 | Vanillin is a value added compound used in wide range of areas including food beverage fragrance and pharmaceutical . It can be produced by reduction of vanillic acid a by product in lignin degradation processes or a competing component in the metabolic pathways in biological vanillin production . The reduction process is energetically disadvantageous due to the high activation energy in the reaction coordinates but can be overcome by an enzymatic strategy using carboxylic acid reductases . In this study fourteen CARs heterologously expressed in | Screening of highly active carboxylic acid reductases for vanillin synthesis. The enzyme exhibited superior activity than of the previously reported ones. Reaction conditions were examined to enhance the yield and purity of vanillin. Structural basis for the high activity was analyzed in terms of enzyme active site. |
S1369703X20302394 | Alkylphenols are nonionic surfactants with toxic and estrogenic properties . APs from municipal and industrial wastewater are frequently detected in surface waters . Therefore a broadly accepted method for the treatment of APs is needed . The moving bed bioreactor is an effective process for micropollutant elimination . In this study the modeling of 4 nonylphenol and 4 tert octylphenol removal from synthetic wastewater using MBBR was performed . Also a comparison was made between the multilayer perceptron artificial neural network trained with the traditional Levenberg Marquardt and the particle swarm optimization algorithms . The performance of MBBR in removing chemical oxygen demand and APs was predicted using the COD surface area loading rate COD volumetric loading rate hydraulic retention time and the initial concentration of APs . The results showed that the best transfer functions are Tan sigmoid in the hidden layer and Purelin in the output layer . The number of optimal neurons was 5 9 3 for LM and 5 11 3 for PSO . Moreover the network trained with PSO algorithm was slightly more predictive than the traditional LM algorithm especially by increasing the number of neurons . Finally a sensitivity analysis was performed using ANN PSO and Pearson correlation and the results were completely compatible . | The removal of Alkylphenols from synthetic wastewater by MBBR process was studied. ANN model depicts a good agreement between the experimental and predicted results. The trained ANN with traditional LM and PSO algorithms was compared. ANN PSO is more predictive than LM by increasing number of particles and neurons. Sensitivity analysis with ANN PSO and Pearson correlation showed the same results. |
S1369703X20302400 | Polyacrylonitrile nanofibrous membrane was prepared by electrospinning technique and was directly converted to polyamine membrane by 50 and 100 ethylenediamine and hexamethylenediamine respectively . The aminated PAN nanofiber membrane equipped with protein liquid chromatography were used to evaluate the dynamic binding capacity for C phycocyanin and allophycocyanin from disrupted | The order of dynamic binding efficiency for CPC and APC is P EDA P CN P HDA. The contaminating proteins can be removed during the adsorption and wash procedures. A highly effective capture of APC CPC can be achieved in membrane chromatography. APC and CPC nanofiber membranes can act as an antibacterial antioxidant membranes. |
S1369703X20302412 | One of the factors limiting the economic viability of polyhydroxyalkanoates is the low volumetric productivity obtained with second generation feedstocks resulting from their low carbon concentration . In the present study the use of membrane bioreactors was evaluated as a strategy to retain the microbial cells in the reactor and to enable a repeated supply of substrate without increasing the reactor volume . Two immersed MBR systems were studied classical pressure driven MBRs and a novel diffusion based MBR . In the latter the rate of volatile fatty acid diffusion across the membranes was lower than the VFA consumption rate of the culture and thus not suitable to attain high productivities . Possible research directions to increase substrate diffusion are suggested . On the other hand pressure driven configurations led to high values of productivity during a fed batch PHA accumulation using mixed microbial consortia . No flux reduction was observed in a 24h fed batch process which allowed for a reduction of up to 82 of the reactor volume demonstrating the potential of this strategy . Hollow fibers and ceramic filters offered similar results during the fed batch but they presented different limitations and advantages . | High PHA productivity 0.871.44g L.h was reached with membrane bioreactors MBRs . Hollow fibers and ceramic filters showed a stable flow during a 24h fed batch. The use of MBRs significantly reduced the working volume up to 82 . Ceramic filters presented lower fouling but higher footprint than hollow fibers. VFA diffusion was not enough to satisfy the culture needs in a diffusion based MBR. |
S1369703X20302448 | Biochar has acquired increasing attention in waste utilization and the treatment of environmental pollutants . In this study the physicochemical properties of five types of biochars include straw biochar coconut shell biochar sawdust coal biochar bamboo biochar rice husk biochar and their adsorption of epoxiconazole is discussed . The effects of initial concentration of EPC solution temperature and pH level to these biochars were investigated . Besides this work also analyzed the adsorption kinetics adsorption isotherm and thermodynamics of EPC removal in five biochar . Freundlich isotherm shows that the adsorption capacity decreased in the order SCB BOB CSB SWB RHB . The removal efficiency of EPC by SCB BOB and CSB are much higher than SWB and RHB and SCB has the best performance in EPC removal . The adsorption capacity of SCB is 19.0g kg and its removal rate is nearly 97 . The adsorption capacity of RHB is only 10.8g kg with the removal rate of about 51 . According to the characterization results of BET SEM XRD and FT IR it is speculated that the adsorption capacity of five biochars to EPC is closely related to the total pore volume and specific surface area . | Properties of biochars derived from common agriculture wastes were characterized. Bamboo coconut shell and sawdust coal biochar have better performance. Specific surface area of biochar played an important role on adsorption capacity. Adsorption capacity increased with increasing in concentration and temperature. The adsorption mechanism was discussed in detail. |
S1369703X2030245X | In this work the rate equations of two simultaneous bisubstrate Ping Pong in series reactions have been developed for the first time . To obtain these equations the approximation to the stationary state has been applied and for the total balance of enzyme all the intermediate complexes of the two reactions which are present simultaneously in the reaction medium have been taken into account . | The kinetic equations of two bisubstrate Ping Pong reactions in series was developed. To obtain the kinetic equations the approximation to stationary state was applied. The bio synthesis of bis 2 ethylhexil azelate was used to check the model. The reaction was carried out in a batch reactor and catalysed by Novozym 435. A users software was developed to fit the experimental data to the model. |
S1369703X20302473 | Mesenchymal Stromal Cells are being targeted for diverse cell therapies applications . The MSC expansion in bioreactor is necessary to achieve the cell number required for clinical applications in accordance with cGMP guidelines . Since the culture conditions may influence the post expansion MSC outcomes in this work human Umbilical Cord Matrix derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells were evaluated during and after expansion using CultiSpher S microcarrier with different bioreactor hydrodynamics the single use Wave Induced Motion Bioreactor with a modified cellbag design proposed by our laboratory and the conventional spinner flask . WIMB cultures showed longer cell culture times and lower cell yields than spinner flask culture positioning the WIMB as a less suitable bioreactor than conventional stirred based systems for high yield MSC expansion bioprocess . Regarding cell biological functions hUCM MSCs harvested from the CultiSpher S WIMB and the CultiSpher S spinner kept determining major MSC molecular and biological characteristics according to immunophenotyping and multilineage differentiation assays . Moreover biological processes were not regulated differently when hUCM MSCs were cultivated in WIMB or spinner flask indicating that post expansion hUCM MSCs characteristics are similar in both bioreactor systems . | hUCM MSCs post expansion in WIMB and in spinner flask preserved major MSC identity markers. hUCM MSCs obtained in both bioreactor systems have similar biological characteristics. Conventional stirred based systems may be a more suitable option than WIMB for high yield MSC bioprocess. |
S1369703X20302485 | Fungi bioproducts have recently become commercially important to the food and pharmaceutical industry . However different structural forms exhibited by filamentous fungi throughout their life cycles are often a bottleneck for productivity in many industrial processes . In this work the relationship among mycelium accumulation morphology and colorant production was evaluated . Experiments were performed in an incubator shaker and in a stirred tank bioreactor . First a series of nitrogen sources and pure vitamins were investigated as additives to the monosodium glutamate glucose medium in order to improve | MSG and environmental pH played an important role in external stresses affecting cell growth and colorants formation. Fungi morphology was correlated to the influence of pH at membrane charge level. There were no direct relationships among mycelium accumulation with morphology and colorant production. Pellets formation favored suitable oxygenation of the culture broth leading to the best metabolism of the carbon source. |
S1369703X20302497 | Highly efcient and regioselective synthesis of pharmacologically useful 6 O benzoyl helicid catalyzed by the whole cell catalysts was successfully performed for the first time . The catalytic performance of | Whole cell catalysts can successfully perform helicid benzoylation. Catalytic performance of. whole cells was signicantly enhanced in acetone ionic liquids ILs systems. Five folds improved reaction rate in acetone BMIM PF. 5 v v than that in pure acetone. whole cells showed excellent 6 regioselectivity 99 and high operational stability. |
S1369703X20302503 | Species dependent mechanisms of morphological development affect filamentous fungi cultivations . In order to influence fungal morphology microparticle enhanced cultivations were used towards four species exhibiting various mechanisms of morphology formation a spore agglomerative | Morphological study of four fungal species in stirred tank bioreactors. In. MPEC a new morphological form star shaped pellets was found. Effect of microparticles depends on fungal species and number of process stages. |
S1369703X20302515 | The design of photobioreactors to treat municipal wastewater is in the early stages of development . Kinetics of activated sludge can not be used for PBRs because biomass differs in composition growth and decay rates . In this paper respirometry was extended to a microalgal bacterial consortium in a long term PBR treating municipal wastewater . Kinetic and stoichiometric parameters were estimated for endogenous respiration biodegradable COD oxidation and nitrification . The comprehensive respirometric approach was based on the Oxygen Production Rate of photosynthetic microorganisms and the Oxygen Uptake Rate of the overall biomass including data processing and corrections . The gross OPR was 9.80.2mg O | Respirometry was used to characterize a microalgal bacterial consortium in a PBR. Kinetic and stoichiometric parameters were estimated in the light and dark at 20C. Respirometry in the light quantified the net oxygen production rate of microalgae. The biodegradable COD oxidation rate and the endogenous respiration was calculated. The specific nitrification rate was calculated in the dark phase. |
S1369703X20302539 | The finite excess of the non limiting enzymes in a coupled enzyme assay causes an initial delay that can lead to inaccuracies in the kinetic read out of substrate assays . We derive a new correction term to the well known analytical Lambert W based expression of the progress curve . The key parameter in comparing the activities of the various enzymes in the chain is their pseudo first order rate constant | An analytical expression for the lag phase in coupled enzyme reactions is derived. Position of the limiting enzyme has negligible impact on the final progress curve. Peak velocity from model robust against noise even when underlying parameters vary. No systematic errors in peak velocity by model fit unlike traditional smoothing. |
S1369703X20302540 | The natural hormone 17 estradiol is a frequently detected endocrine disrupter and its transformation into oestrone and carcinogenic catechol oestrogen quinones via degradation is a problem that must be considered when choosing wastewater bioremediation agents . In this study the performance of immobilised functional microalgae with respect to E2 removal and degradation was investigated under repeated loadings of domestic wastewater . The wastewater treatment using the immobilised microalgae resulted in a significant enhancement of nitrogen phosphorus and E2 removal efficiencies which were in the ranges 4086 2672 and 8599 respectively . The E2 removal pathway was inferred and metabolisation via hydroxylation O methylation glycosylation dehydrogenation and dicarboxylation owing to the immobilised algae cells was theorised . Additionally no other forms of natural oestrogens including estrone or quinone metabolites were detected in the metabolites . Therefore immobilised functional microalgae at concentrations above 200 beads mL are recommended as an effective and safe approach to restoring E2 contaminated wastewater . | Immobilised microalgae reduced 17 estradiol E2 by 85 99 from raw wastewater. The presence of algae could help to maintain alginate bead stability. The resources in wastewater are reutilised in this method via generated biomass. E2 glycosylation and pyrogallol estrogen o methylation were found by this algae. |
S1369703X20302552 | Continuing efforts have been made to produce functional exopolysaccharides using cheap substrates for valuable applications . Cheese whey is a lactose rich byproduct of cheese producing industries . In this research a one step bioprocess for the bioconversion of cheese whey to a hetero exopolysaccharide using a ropy EPS producing strain | JNULCC001 can bioconvert cheese whey into value added EPS. The produced EPS shows a record biosorption ability toward MB. EPS 001 plays important roles in thickening and gelling. EPS 001 can serve as a stabilizer in the biosynthesis of SeNPs. |
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