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December 6 – 2024 Romanian presidential election: The Constitutional Court of Romania annuls the results of the first round, amid accusations of Russian interference after the unexpected advancement of pro-Russian candidate Călin Georgescu to the runoff.[269][270]
2024 Ghanaian general election: John Mahama of the NDC is elected president for a second non-consecutive term.[271]
The Notre-Dame Cathedral reopens to the public after previously being damaged by a structural fire in 2019.[272]
President of Syria Bashar al-Assad's regime was overthrown as rebel forces captured the capital Damascus on December 8.
December 8 – Syrian civil war: Syrian President Bashar al-Assad flees from Damascus to Moscow after being overthrown, ending his presidency and the Ba'athist Syria regime after a total of 61 years. The Syrian opposition forms the Syrian transitional government as a provisional government.[273]
December 11 – FIFA announces that Morocco, Portugal and Spain will jointly host the 2030 World Cup, with anniversary matches to be held in Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay, while Saudi Arabia is confirmed as the host for 2034.[274]
December 12 – Indian chess prodigy Gukesh Dommaraju defeats former world champion Ding Liren in the 2024 World Chess Championship, breaking the previous age record of 22 set by Garry Kasparov by becoming champion at 18 years, 195 days old.[275]
2024 Georgian presidential election: Mikheil Kavelashvili of People's Power is elected unopposed.[276]
South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol's powers and duties are suspended after MPs vote to impeach him, following his martial law declaration the previous week.[277]
Cyclone Chido makes landfall in Mayotte, causing at least 172 deaths and bringing devastating damage to the island.[278]
December 17 – The capital of Vanuatu, Port Vila, suffers extensive damage after a Mw 7.3 earthquake. At least 16 people are killed.[279]
The Hungarian government of Viktor Orbán has granted political asylum to Polish MP of Law and Justice Marcin Romanowski, who is wanted on the European Arrest Warrant for being accused of defrauding 100 million zł from the Fundusz Sprawiedliwości [pl] (Justice Fund) when he was deputy minister of justice during the PiS government.[280][281]
Mazan rapes trial: The Judicial Court in Avignon, France, finds Dominique Pelicot guilty of the aggravated rape of his ex-wife Gisèle Pelicot and imposes the maximum sentence of 20 years in prison. The 50 other defendants in the case are also convicted of crimes ranging from attempted rape to aggravated rape, and receive prison sentences ranging from three to 15 years.[282]
December 20 – Six people are killed, while another 235 are injured, after a car is driven into a crowd at a Christmas market in Magdeburg, Germany.[283]
Azerbaijan Airlines Flight 8243 crashes near Aktau International Airport, Kazakhstan, on December 25
December 21 – Thirty-nine people die and another seven are injured after a multiple-vehicle collision occurs on the BR-116 highway in Teófilo Otoni, Minas Gerais, Brazil. It is the deadliest traffic accident on federal highways in Brazil since 2007, when numbers were first monitored.[284]
The 2025 Jubilee in the Catholic Church begins.[285]
The Parker Solar Probe breaks the previous record set in 2018 for the closest artificial object to the Sun by 6.1 million kilometers (3.8 million miles), becoming the closest and first man-made object to approach and "touch" the Sun.[286]
December 25 – Azerbaijan Airlines Flight 8243, an Embraer ERJ-190AR, crashes in Kazakhstan. Twenty-nine out of the 67 on board survive the crash.[287][288]
Jeju Air Flight 2216 crashes at Muan International Airport, South Korea on December 29
December 27 – Acting President of South Korea Han Duck-soo is impeached by MPs for failing to promulgate two bills related to president Yoon's legal proceedings. He is succeeded by deputy prime minister Choi Sang-mok.[289]
Jeju Air Flight 2216, a Boeing 737-800 passenger flight from Bangkok Suvarnabhumi Airport in Bangkok, Thailand, to Muan International Airport in Muan, South Korea, veers off the runway at Muan International Airport and crashes into a barrier, killing 179 people. Two injured survivors are reported.[290][291]
A truck carrying passengers falls off a bridge over the Ganale Doria River in Bona Zuria, Sidama Region, Ethiopia, killing 71 people and injuring 4 others.[292]
November 3 – 2024 Moldovan presidential election: Incumbent Maia Sandu is re-elected for a second term.[242]
2024 United States presidential election: Donald Trump, with his running mate JD Vance, is elected for a second non-consecutive term, the first candidate to do so since Grover Cleveland in 1892,[243] and only the second in American history.
2024 Palauan general election: Incumbent Surangel Whipps Jr. is reelected for a second term as president.[244]
German Chancellor Olaf Scholz dismisses FDP leader Christian Lindner from his position as finance minister, leading to two other FDP ministers resigning and the collapse of the governing coalition.[245]
November 9 – A suicide bombing at the Quetta railway station in Balochistan, Pakistan kills at least 26 people. The bombing was orchestrated by the Balochistan Liberation Army (BLA), and is the first time that the organization had attacked the center of Quetta.[246]
November 10 – 2024 Mauritian general election: The electoral alliance Lepep of incumbent Prime Minister Pravind Jugnauth is defeated by that of opposition leader and former Prime Minister Navin Ramgoolam, with the latter taking all but two seats.[247]
COP29 is held in Baku, Azerbaijan from November 11–22
November 11–22 – COP29 is held in Baku, Azerbaijan.[248]
November 12 – Justin Welby announces his resignation as Archbishop of Canterbury following the publication of a report critical of his handling of the abuse of children within the Church of England by John Smyth.[249]
November 13 – 2024 Somaliland presidential election: Opposition candidate Abdirahman Mohamed Abdullahi of the Waddani party is elected president.[250]
November 14 – 2024 Sri Lankan parliamentary election: President Anura Kumara Dissanayake's National People's Power coalition wins a supermajority in the 17th Parliament of Sri Lanka.[251]
November 15 – The spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) Is rediscovered in the Elba Protected Area of Southeast Egypt, 5,000 years after the species was believed to have been extirpated from the region.[252]
French-Algerian writer Boualem Sansal is put in custody by Algerian authorities after his landing in Algiers on November 16.
The 2024 Gabonese constitutional referendum is held and approved.[253]
French-Algerian dissident writer Boualem Sansal is put in custody by Algerian authorities after his landing in Algiers.[254]
November 17 – 2024 Senegalese parliamentary election: President Bassirou Diomaye Faye's party PASTEF wins an absolute majority at the National Assembly.[255]
The International Criminal Court (ICC) issues arrest warrants against Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, former Israeli Defense Minister Yoav Gallant, and Hamas military leader Mohammed Deif on accusations of war crimes committed during the Israel–Hamas War.[256]
Terrorists in Peshawar, Pakistan, ambush a group of vehicles carrying Shiite Muslims, killing 46 and injuring 20.[257]
Researchers using the Very Large Telescope announce the first-ever "close-up" image of a star outside the Milky Way Galaxy, WOH G64.[258]
Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah is elected as the first female president of Namibia on November 27.
November 24 – 2024 Uruguayan general election: Leftist opposition candidate Yamandú Orsi is elected president.[259]
November 26 – Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu announces that a ceasefire deal has been agreed to end fighting with Hezbollah in Lebanon.[260]
November 27 – 2024 Namibian general election: Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah of the SWAPO party is elected as the first female president of Namibia.[261]
November 29 – 2024 Irish general election: Centre-right party Fianna Fáil remains the largest party in Dáil Éireann, increasing its number of seats to 48.[262]
2024 Icelandic parliamentary election: Opposition party Social Democratic Alliance wins 15 seats in the Althing, with the incumbent Independence Party winning 14 seats. However, no party achieved a majority.[263]
Syrian civil war: Opposition forces seize control of most of Aleppo, Syria, prompting the first Russian airstrikes on the city since 2016.[264]
The Israel Defense Forces invade southern Lebanon, escalating its conflict against Hezbollah.[216]
The Japanese parliament elects Shigeru Ishiba as the new prime minister of Japan, with members from the Liberal Democratic Party forming the majority.[217][218] Following his appointment, he reveals his cabinet and calls for a snap election on October 27, securing a national mandate.[219]
Iran attacks Israel with ballistic missiles as a response to Israel's assassination of Hassan Nasrallah and Ismail Haniyeh.[220]
October 3–20 – The 2024 ICC Women's T20 World Cup is held in the United Arab Emirates, and is won by New Zealand.[221]
The 2024 Kazakh nuclear power referendum is held and approved.[222]
2024 Tunisian presidential election: Incumbent Kais Saied is reelected for a second term.[223]
Yahya Sinwar, leader of Hamas, was killed on October 16
October 7 – Hurricane Milton becomes the fifth most intense hurricane in the Atlantic Basin, and the second most intense storm in the Gulf of Mexico after Hurricane Rita in 2005. Milton is also the first hurricane to reach a pressure below 900 millibars in nearly 20 years.[224]
October 9 – 2024 Mozambican general election: Daniel Chapo is elected president while the ruling FRELIMO party retains a majority in the Assembly of the Republic.[225]
October 12 – The long-period comet C/2023 A3 (Tsuchinshan–ATLAS), described as the "comet of the century", makes its closest approach to Earth.[226]
October 13 – SpaceX achieves the first successful return and capture of a Super Heavy booster from Starship, the biggest and most powerful rocket ever to fly.[227][228]
October 14 – The Europa Clipper spacecraft is launched to investigate Europa, an icy moon of Jupiter.[229]
October 16 – Yahya Sinwar, leader of Hamas, is killed in a gunfight with Israeli forces in Rafah.[230]
The 2024 Moldovan European Union membership referendum is held and narrowly approved.[231]
Prabowo Subianto and Gibran Rakabuming Raka are inaugurated as the president and vice president of Indonesia. [232]
Duma Boko won the 2024 Botswana general election on October 30
October 21 – The National Assembly of Vietnam elects Lương Cường as the new president of Vietnam. He replaced Tô Lâm, who was formally appointed as the general secretary of the Communist Party.[233]
October 24 – The first case of the 2024 Kwango province disease outbreak is reported in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.[234]
October 26 – 2024 Georgian parliamentary election: Amid suspicions of interference, ruling pro-Russian party Georgian Dream wins a majority.[235]
2024 Japanese general election: The governing LDP loses its parliamentary majority for the first time since 2009, but still wins the most seats. The CDP wins its best result in party history.[236]
October 2024 Bulgarian parliamentary election: Boyko Borsiov's coalition GERB-SDS successfully forms a government after 6 snap elections.[237]
2024 Lithuanian parliamentary election: The leftist opposition Social Democratic Party of Lithuania wins a majority.[238]
2024 Botswana general election: The ruling BDP party is voted out of power, ending 58 years of uninterrupted governance.[16] Duma Boko of the UDC party is elected President of Botswana.[239]
2024 Spanish floods: Spain experiences its worst flooding in half a century, with over 200 killed and many more missing, as a year's worth of rain falls in eight hours.[240][241]
September 2 – The Brazilian Supreme Court upholds a decision to block the social media platform X (also known as Twitter) over what the Brazilian government determined to be rampant disinformation and Elon Musk's failure to name a legal representative to the country.[199]
September 7 – 2024 Algerian presidential election: Incumbent Abdelmadjid Tebboune is reelected for a second term.[200]
Weather in Central Europe on 12 September, right before floods
Heavy rainfall in Central Europe triggers the worst flooding in the region since 2010.[201][202]
The first commercial spacewalk is conducted by entrepreneur Jared Isaacman as part of the Polaris Dawn mission, which also includes the highest altitude orbit by a human crew since the Apollo program.[203]
September 15 – Ryan Wesley Routh is accused of attempting to assassinate Donald Trump in Florida. Ryan is later captured and arrested, and a trial date has been set for 2025.[204]
September 17–18 – Thirty-two people are killed and more than 3,200 are injured after pagers and walkie-talkies used by Hezbollah militants and medics explode in two massive cyberattacks. Israel is the presumed perpetrator.[205]
September 20 – Israel assassinates Hezbollah leader Ibrahim Aqil and ten other senior leaders in Beirut following an intensification of fighting between Israel and Hezbollah in the wake of the pager explosions that occurred earlier in the week.[206]
September 21 – 2024 Sri Lankan presidential election: Anura Kumara Dissanayake is elected President of Sri Lanka, with a second round of vote counting held for the first time in Sri Lanka's history.[207]
Hurricane Helene made landfall in the United States on September 26
September 23 – The deadliest day of the Hezbollah–Israel conflict since 2006 occurs, with 569 people killed and 1,835 wounded by Israeli airstrikes in Lebanon.[208]
September 26 – Hurricane Helene, the deadliest Atlantic hurricane since Hurricane Maria in 2017, makes landfall in Florida as a category four hurricane. It has a death toll of 236 and leaves more than 685 missing.[209]
September 27 – The Israeli Air Force bombs the central headquarters of Hezbollah in Beirut, killing several people, including Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah.[210][211]
September 29 – 2024 Austrian legislative election: Far-right Freedom Party secures a historical victory, but does not reach a majority in the National Council. The results are deemed the first far-right win since World War II.[212][213]
September 30 – The UK becomes the first G7 country to phase out coal power for electric generation, after 142 years of using the energy source.[214][215]