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"text": "I think that is the wrong approach.",
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"text": "You certainly need to teach the value of work, but you cannot tie it to income levels as a hard and fast rule.",
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"text": "If you do, how do you then explain athletes making millions per year and only 'working' half a year, at most.",
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"text": "And, then comparing that person to a person working hard in a factory, 40-50 hours per week, 50 weeks per year, bringing home $50K per year?",
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"text": "I've always taught my kids to work hard and with integrity.",
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"text": "And, most importantly, you better enjoy the work you do because no matter how much money you make, if you dread getting up in the morning to go to work, your money won't make you happy.",
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"text": "I've never focused on the amount of money they should be making.",
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"text": "Completely linear?",
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"text": "We don't do that.",
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"text": "Our daughter has a fixed allowance, and we expect a certain amount of help around the house as being part of the family.",
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"text": "We don't make any explicit ties between the two, and we don't seem to have any problems.",
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{
"text": "We bought an eBay lot of Polly Pockets and divided them up into $5 bags.",
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{
"text": "(This is a better deal that what we could get in the store new.)",
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"text": "Her allowance isn't enough that she can \"buy\" one every week.",
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"text": "After sensing her frustration we gave her the opportunity to earn some more money by doing extra work.",
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"text": "It happened to be cleaning up after our dogs in the back yard, a chore we had neglected for quite a while.",
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"text": "She stuck with the job, and truly earned that money.",
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{
"text": "(She'll be six in January.)",
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"text": "What's more, it was a good deal for me.",
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{
"text": "It needed to be done, and I didn't really want to do it.",
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{
"text": ":)",
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"text": "So, for now this seems like a fair balance.",
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"text": "It prevents her from getting the idea that she won't work unless she gets paid, but she also knows that working harder does have its rewards.",
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"text": "We still have time to teach her the idea of working smarter.",
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"text": "(This isn't a formal study.",
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"text": "It's just my experience.)",
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"text": "I don't know if it counts as a formal answer, but Dale Carnegie has always preached that income is related to how well you treat and get along with other people.",
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"text": "His observation is that the highest paid people are those with the best people skills, because the ability to manage other people has higher value than singular ability.",
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"text": "Conversely, people making minimum wage often work \"harder\" than people making more money.",
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{
"text": "The old saw about \"work smart, not hard\" is a bit trite.",
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{
"text": "In many fields, efficiency is valued over \"hard work\".",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/None/",
"score": 4
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"sents": [
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"text": "As a parent I think you absolutely have to teach them that income is related to work because (for most people at least) it's a more fundamental principle than budgeting, investments, interest, etc.",
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"text": "Once they've learned that the primary source of income is work, then you can start teaching them what to do with it, i.e. how to budget, economise, save, invest, etc.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1619/gkrogers",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Get a copy of Capitalism for Kids - finally back in print (after being out of print for years).",
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"text": "It's a great introduction to being an entrepreneur, aimed at young people.",
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{
"text": "Six years old might be a bit early, though - but definitely before the teenage years.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1464/Cyclops",
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"sents": [
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"text": "My family instilled in me early on that hard work was important, and the output of that work was its reward.",
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"text": "My grandparents really made in impression with me about telling the truth and being fair (probably after I was busted for lying and cheating about something) -- I remember my grandfather talking about the solem trust associated with shaking hands over something.",
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"text": "I remember opening a savings account at school on bank day and being really excited about the interest accruing...",
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"text": "but my folks never really allowed us to spend it on toys or other stuff.",
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"text": "I didn't really think about money at all until I was probably about 10 or 11, when I started watching \"Wall Street Week\" on PBS with my dad on Friday night and bombarding him with dozens of questions.",
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{
"text": "Then games like Sim City really got me going...",
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"text": "my grandmother was always amazed that I was talking about bonding construction projects.",
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"text": "I think that before 10 or so, kids needn't concern themselves with money, but should understand responsibility, the rewards that come from working hard, and the consequences for not doing so.",
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] | {
"question": "It seems to me that, if you want to teach children at an early age about the benefits of careful personal finance, and other fun concepts (like an intuitive understanding of compound interest), paying an allowance that's directly related to chores or work around the house is probably a bad idea. Are there any formal studies on this, or standard answers that are accepted in the personal finance community?",
"title": "Is it a good idea to teach children that work is linearly related to income?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<financial-literacy><children>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/4757",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2056/blueberryfields"
} | 4_26 | [
[
"It is better to teach them that income is related to work. Try getting a copy of Capitalism for Kids.",
"The answer to this question is subjective and there will be people who agree and disagree with this particular approach. As for standard answers, the book, Capitalism for Kids, may have some interesting information on the topic."
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"Some people would disagree with this approach to educating children about work and finance.",
"Some people see financial education as a fundamental skill to be taught to children.",
"The book, Capitalism for Kids, might be an interesting read on this matter."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "put a fake \"foreclosure notice\" on your door.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1353/Vitalik",
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"text": "Make sure that you have the smallest house in the neighborhood.",
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"text": "Then hopefully anyone with nefarious intent ill go elsewhere.",
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"text": "Don't have anything visible from the street that is expensive.",
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"text": "This includes cars (park the BMW in the windowless garage), fancy grills, pools, bikes, etc.",
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"text": "For maximum effect, put a broken down car in front of the house.",
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"text": "Preferably something 20-30 years old and up on blocks, like an old pickup truck.",
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"text": "A couch on the front porch and a old tub in the yard (unmowed) will complete the effect.",
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"text": "You might want to consider how much effort mitigating this risk is worth.",
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"text": "For example, having homeowner's insurance and sufficient documentation of your valuables is probably enough to satisfy your fears if they are based on simply losing your property.",
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"text": "In the end is there really any benefit in living like you don't have money in an effort to keep people stealing it from you?",
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"text": "That said, One piece of good advice I have heard for how to avoid encouraging robbers is to avoid putting boxes for expensive items (e.g. electronics) out by the trash until the morning they pick it up.",
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"text": "No need to advertise that you just bought a super expensive home-theater system.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/149/JohnFx",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Don't robbers look at neighborhoods first?",
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"text": "You might try making your house the shabbiest on the street. :)",
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"answer_details": {
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"sents": [
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"text": "The best practices for this sort of thing: Don't keep too much money and valuable jewerly around.",
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"text": "You should have no more than a couple of thousand dollars lying about.",
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"text": "Keep the exterior of your house clean and well-lit.",
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"text": "Gates and doors, even if not locked, should be in good repair and consistently closed.",
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"text": "Secure stuff like bikes, lawnmowers, etc in a place not visible from the outside of the street, preferably in a shed. Have decent locks and keep accessible windows closed and locked when you're not home.",
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"text": "Get a dog.",
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"text": "In terms of electronics and such, you're always at risk for some crackhead busting in your door and grabbing your iPod or whatever.",
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"text": "Thieves don't really care about clothes...",
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"text": "they want items quickly converted to cash: small electronics with resale value, cash, jewelry.",
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"text": "Keeping things locked and having a dog are probably the best deterrents for that scenario.",
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"text": "More professional/organized burglars who rob houses during the day stake out a neighborhood and look for places where their presence won't be noticed.",
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"text": "If things are clean and consistent, your neighbors, police patrol, mailman, etc are more likely to notice something awry and call the police.",
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"text": "That's a risk factor for the \"pro\" thief, who will more likely look for a softer target.",
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"text": "If you live in an area where there has been a burglary spree or you are really worried about this, get a basic, centrally monitored alarm system.",
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"text": "If you're not living a flashy lifestyle and are deliberately thinking about ways to look like you don't have anything, it is money well spent.",
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"text": "If you are living a flashy lifestyle, unwanted attention comes with the territory.",
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"text": "In any case, feeling safe at home is something you need to be able to do.",
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"score": 1
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] | {
"question": "There's a question on DIY SE asking how to secure the house from intruders . One of the answers is to not have anything valuable or at least to not appear to . Can the illusion that a person doesn't have anything valuable be achieved through some specific practices of dealing with money and property? What can be done to achieve that?",
"title": "How do I create the illusion I don't have anything valuable, so thieves wouldn't want to steal from my home?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<real-estate><security>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/4841",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1091/sharptooth"
} | 4_27 | [
[
"Make your house look shabby in relation to the others on the street. Don't have anything visible from the street that looks expensive. ",
"You probably want to make sure that any expensive property is kept well out of sight. To go further, you may want to actively make yourself look poor and make your house look shabby."
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"You might want to consider adding elements to make yourself look poor or make your house look shabby.",
"You should aim to avoid leaving any expensive property readily in view."
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"text": "In Australia, you will typically be required to pay for mortgage insurance if you borrow more than 80% of the value of the property.",
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"text": "Basically this means another ~1% on top of the regular interest rate.",
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"text": "So it's in your interests to save until you can at least reach that point.",
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"text": "If you can't rent and save at the same time, it suggests your finances may be too stretched for buying now to be a good idea.",
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"text": "The typical down-payment was expected to be 20%.",
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"text": "The idea being that if one could not save 1/5 of the cost of a house, they were not responsible enough to ensure repayment of the loan.",
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},
{
"text": "It is hard to say whether this is truly a relevant measure.",
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"text": "However, in the absence of other data points, it is pretty decent.",
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"text": "It typically requires a fair amount of time to amass that much money and it does demonstrate some restraint.",
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"text": "(e.g. it is easily the cost of a decent new car or some other shiny \"toy.\")",
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"text": "Income is not necessarily a good measure, on its own.",
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"text": "I am certainly more responsible with my spending when I have less money to spend.",
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"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "(Lately, I have been feeling like my father, scrutinizing every single purchase down to the penny.)",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/868/George Marian",
"score": 5
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},
{
"sents": [
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"text": "A bigger down payment is good, because it insulates you from the swings in the real estate market.",
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"text": "If you get FHA loan with 3% down and end up being forced to move during a down market, you'll be in a real bind, as you'll need to scrape up some cash or borrow funds to get out of your mortgage.",
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Well hindsight tells us now that by and large, doing 100% borrowing was not the best policy we could have taken.",
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"text": "It gets nitpicky, but in the US the traditional 20% is the answer I presently feel comfortable with.",
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"text": "It could be a reactionary judgement I am making to the current mess (in which I have formed the opinion that all parties are responsible) and arm-chair quarterbacking \"",
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"text": "if we had only stuck with the 20% rule, we wouldn't be here right now .",
"label": [
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"text": "The truth is probably much more gray than that, but like all things personal finance it is really up to you.",
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"text": "If the law allows 100% financing ask yourself if it really makes sense that a bank would just loan you hundreds of thousands of dollars to live somewhere.",
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{
"sents": [
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"text": "I think anything from 10% on demonstrates a reasonable ability to save.",
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"text": "I would consider ongoing debt level a better indicator than the size of the down payment.",
"label": [
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"text": "It's been my experience that, without exception, there is a direct correlation between a persons use of revolving credit and their ability to manage their money & control their spending.",
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{
"text": "Living in Seattle, I only put 10% down on my first house, but not only have we never missed a payment we have always paid extra and now have about 50% equity after 10 years with a family.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
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{
"text": "Yet it would have taken me another year to save the other 10% during which time I would have burned that amount and 1/2 again in useless rent.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2134/Lawrence Dol",
"score": 1
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I am currently in the process of purchasing a house.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "I am only putting 5% down.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "I see that some are saying that the traditional 20% down is the way to go.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "I am a first time homebuyer, and unfortunately we no longer live in the world where 20% down is mandatory, which is part of the reason why housing prices are so high.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "I feel it is more important that you are comfortable with what your monthly payments are as well as being informed on how interest rates can change how much you owe each month.",
"label": [
1
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "Right now interest rates are pretty low, and it would almost be silly to put 20% down on your home.",
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],
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{
"text": "It might make more sense to put money in different vehicle right now, if you have extra, as the global economy will likely pick up and until it does, interest rates will likely stay low.",
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{
"text": "Just my 2 cents worth.",
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{
"text": "EDIT:",
"label": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "I thought it would not be responsible of me not to mention that you should always have extra's saved for closing costs.",
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "They can be pricey, and if you are not informed of what they are, they can creep up on you.",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1693/Rick",
"score": 0
}
}
] | {
"question": "In Australia, even after the global financial crisis , it's still common to only have 5-10% and some people even use other assets as collateral to borrow all 100%. I hear historically this has not been the case, it's only been the last decade of so during the housing boom. In terms of avoiding risk and stuff, what do you think is a sensible percentage? Or is that even a relevant measure? Should people be looking at say, income?",
"title": "For a mortgage down-payment, what percentage is sensible?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<mortgage><real-estate><risk><risk-management>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/4856",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1508/Joe.E"
} | 4_28 | [
[
"In the US, the traditional downpayment is 20%. 10% onwards is a reasonable amount of money to save.",
"It is generally considered that 20% is a good-size down-payment on a home, though other people may feel comfortable with less. Making a bigger down-payment will provide you greater security, but the most important thing is probably for you to feel comfortable with your monthly payments. Income in isolation is generally not a good measure for assessing what the best option would be."
]
] | {
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[
"It is generally considered that 20% is a good level of deposit on a home, although other people may feel comfortable with less than this.",
"The bigger the down-payment you make, the better protected you are from swings in the housing market.",
"It is difficult to say whether the percentage of your deposit is especially important.",
"Income is generally not a good measure of your situation in isolation.",
"Some would argue that the most important thing is that you can make your monthly payments."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "With the information you have given, I would say never.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
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},
{
"text": "Remember the banker is a salesman, and the line of credit is the product.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "If you don't need to borrow the money for something specific, then you don't need the line of credit in the first place.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Even if you did need something I would tell you to save up and pay cash for it.",
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],
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{
"text": "On the tax advantage:",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "There is none, in the US you can deduct your mortgage interest on your taxes but it's not a tax credit",
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"text": "it's a tax deductions.",
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},
{
"text": "Let me explain further:",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "You spend $10,000 on mortgage interest, and you're in the 25% tax bracket.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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},
{
"text": "You send the bank $10,000 in return",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "you get at tax savings of $2500.",
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "You are still in the hole $7500",
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0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "You would have been better off not taking out the loan in the first place.",
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0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "On the Emergency Fund : You should have 3 - 6 months of expenses in cash, like a money market account.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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},
{
"text": "This money isn't for investing, it's like insurance, and you don't make money on insurance.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "The last thing you want to do is have to go into debt right in the middle of an emergency.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Say you lost your job, the last thing you would want to do is borrow money, right at the time you have no income to pay it back.",
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0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "The bank is under no obligation to maintain you credit limit and can without notice reduce it, they can in most cases call the loan balance due in full with little or no notice as well.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
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},
{
"text": "Both of those are likely scenarios if the bank were to become aware of the fact that you were unemployed.",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2152/Move More Comments Link To Top",
"score": 11
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "There are two basic types of lines of credit typically offered at a retail bank: Overdraft line of credit is essentially a revolving personal loan that you can draw upon as needed or automatically draw on when you overdraw on your checking account.",
"label": [
0
],
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"text": "Typically with a commercial bank there is a fee to use the automatic overdraft in addition to interest.",
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],
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},
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"text": "Some credit unions don't charge a fee.",
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},
{
"text": "Interest is typically computed using average daily balance.",
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],
"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "A Home equity line of credit is a revolving loan that is secured against your home.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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},
{
"text": "Interest on home-improvement related expenses is deductible.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Since the bank gets a lien on your home, the rates are low.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Sometimes you can even get debit cards that will hit the line.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "I think these are a good idea if: You are making substantial home improvements.",
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],
"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "You are a 1099 worker or business owner who doesn't always get paid on time.",
"label": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "A home equity line of credit is a cheap way to borrow money for a short term.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1288/duffbeer703",
"score": 4
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "A line of credit is a poor substitute for an emergency fund.",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "Banks typically have a clause that allows them to stop further withdrawals from your line of credit if there is a change of vaguely defined type.",
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0
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"cluster_id": [
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"text": "For example, if you lose your job they can stop you from making withdrawals from your line-of-credit.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/815/Alex B",
"score": 3
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The only really good reason to open a line of credit is that you want to buy something that you don't have money for.",
"label": [
1
],
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1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
},
{
"text": "That's got its own risks - see plenty of other places to see warnings about not borrowing too much.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
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"text": "The only other reason is that you might want to use a line of credit as your emergency fund.",
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0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
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"text": "The usual way of doing this is to keep the money in an easily acccessible savings account - but such accounts usually pay rather now interest, and there is an argument for instead investing your emergency money in a higher-interest but less-accessible fund and using a line of credit to tide you over until you can extract the money.",
"label": [
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},
{
"text": "I'm worried about the comment that you can \"deduct my interest on my tax returns\".",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
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},
{
"text": "That is usually only possible if you are borrowing money to invest.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
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},
{
"text": "It sounds as if your banker is going to persuade you to not only open a line of credit, but then invest that money in something.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
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},
{
"text": "Be aware that this kind of 'leveraging' is much higher risk than investing money you already own.",
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"score": 3
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I have a line of credit that I have attached to my checking account in case of an overdraft.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
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},
{
"text": "Since I haven't over drafted my checking account in 4 years, I typically borrow the minimum $5 from the line of credit and then pay it back the next day.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
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},
{
"text": "This usually costs me a couple of cents",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "and I have to do it twice a year, but it keeps the account active",
"label": [
0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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},
{
"text": "and they don't close it down.",
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0
],
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],
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]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/91/MrChrister",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "I'm new to the concept of \"line-of-credit\", and my banker says I should be able to open one based on the number of stocks I own. I have no mortgage. I'm told that I'm able to deduct my interest on my tax returns. When is it wise or unwise to open a line of credit?",
"title": "When should I open a \"Line of credit\" at my bank?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<tax-deduction><line-of-credit>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/4914",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2148/goodguys_activate"
} | 4_29 | [
[
"You should only open a line of credit if you want to borrow money to buy something.",
"The answer to this question will be subjective, however, some people would suggest that opening a line of credit is only a good idea if you need to buy something that you don't have the funds for."
]
] | {
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[
"The answer to this question will be subjective, however, some people would suggest that opening a line of credit is only a good idea if you need to buy something that you don't have the funds for."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Speaking from experience, yes",
"label": [
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],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "(this was 9 years ago though and may have changed due to stricter laws).",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "I lived in London and was moving to NYC and wanted to have a functioning bank account upon arrival.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
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},
{
"text": "I banked in London with HSBC and asked them if they could set me up.",
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],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
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},
{
"text": "They connected me with the right people in the US and after many forms I had a fully functional US bank account with a foreign address and without having a social security number - and",
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0
],
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],
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{
"text": "I was (am) just your average person.",
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},
{
"text": "You will most likely not be able to get a credit card through them because of lack of credit history (unless you are ridiculously rich or go for a secured credit card), but a debit card should be possible.",
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{
"text": "*",
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"text": "My advice is to talk to your local bank and see if they can help you, although it will help if they operate in the US.",
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],
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],
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{
"text": "Good luck!",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "*",
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"text": "I have heard from various expats that American Express may be willing to issue cards in the states based on their existing relation with clients in other countries, but I digress.",
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"text": "If you have an Amex in Switzerland or Sweden",
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"text": "I would recommend talking to them.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/830/Korneel Bouman",
"score": 21
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "There are several major US banks including Bank of America, citi and Banco Popular that will open an account for people without a SSN.",
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"text": "Most will require an in branch visit to open the account .",
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"text": "As some one else mentioned American Express will open accounts in other countries based on an existing relationship or at least they used to.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Can you get a bank account in the US?",
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"text": "Yes.",
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"text": "Can you get a bank account with a specific bank in the US?",
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"text": "That depends on the bank.",
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"text": "There's more paperwork involved, and not all banks offer the service.",
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"text": "I would guess that the big retail banks (US Bank, Bank of America, JP Morgan / Chase, et al) are most likely to, but they are also the ones with the worst reputations for customer service.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1739/Benjamin Chambers",
"score": 3
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "See this website.",
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{
"text": "In my opinion you should physically exist there to open your account.",
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"text": "The bank needs to fulfill all requirements such as checking your identity, taking your signatures for future transactions etc.",
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"text": "However, there might be some exceptions as Banking industry works pretty much on personal relations and money power.",
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"text": "Also check these links: http://answers.google.com/answers/threadview?id=722141 http://askville.amazon.com/open-bank-account-abroad/AnswerViewer.do?requestId=7004217 and http://www.talkgold.com/forum/r18761-.html",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/None/",
"score": 2
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"sents": [
{
"text": "In addition to the other answers, Harris Bank (now owned by BMO) allows Canadians living in Canada to open accounts, perhaps they consider other countries as well.",
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"text": "They have excellent customer service.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1375/Matthew Read",
"score": 1
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I had to open a bank account in the US without having the right paperwork initially (SSN really).",
"label": [
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"text": "All the bank asked me to do was fill in a W8 form in lieu (instead) of the social security number.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/210/Peter K.",
"score": 1
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Note that there are two very different issues here.",
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"text": "Opening a bank account is one thing, opening a credit card account is quite another--you're effectively beyond the reach of any enforcement action, why would any bank lend you money?",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1884/Loren Pechtel",
"score": 0
}
}
] | {
"question": "I'm Swedish, but living in Switzerland at the moment. Can I open a US bank account? Either when in the US on vacation or through the internet/phone? There are lots of situations when I find myself in need of an american credit card or just a bank account. When ordering things online (most retailers refuse to accept my orders if I try to pay with my Swedish or Swiss credit card, even if I ship it to an US address... ) etc etc.",
"title": "Can I open a US bank account even if I don't live in the country?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<united-states><credit-card><bank-account><non-resident><europe>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/5028",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2213/Erik Tjernlund"
} | 4_30 | [
[
"It is possible to open a US account without an SSN. If your local bank operates in the US as well, the might be able to help you.",
"It is generally agreed, no by no means certain, that you should be able to open a bank account in the USA without being there in person. However, the exact answer will depend on the bank in question."
]
] | {
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[
"It is generally agreed that you can open a bank account in the USA without being in the country.",
"Whether or not you are able to open an account will largely depend on the bank.",
"There is doubt as to whether or not you can open an account without being physically in the USA."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I think it would have the same effect as paying off a compulsive gambler's debts.",
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],
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"text": "Until Congress and the people who vote for them can exercise some fiscal responsibility sending more money to Washington is pointless.",
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"text": "In fact, I'd argue that if you were a multi-trillionaire and could pay off the whole thing through a donation, we'd be back to deficits within a decade (or less).",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/149/JohnFx",
"score": 18
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"sents": [
{
"text": "At its heart, I think the best spirit of \"donation\" is helping others less fortunate than yourself.",
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"text": "But as long as the US remains solvent, the chief benefit of paying down the national debt is - like paying off a credit card - lowering the future interest payments the U.S. taxpayer has to make.",
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"text": "Since the wealthy pay a disproportionately large portion of taxes ( per capita ), your hard earned money would be disproportionately benefitting the wealthy.",
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"text": "So I'd recommend",
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"text": "you do one or both of the following:",
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"text": "instead target your donations to a charity whose average beneficiary is less fortunate than yourself take political action with an aim towards balancing the federal budget ( since the US national debt is principally financed in the form of 30 year treasuries, the U.S. will be completely out of debt if it can maintain a balanced budget for 30 years recanted, see below )",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2210/Jon S",
"score": 15
}
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The US national debt isn't the problem.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
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"text": "If the Bush-era tax cuts had been allowed to expire then US debt would have been paid off reasonably quickly.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
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"text": "The CBO’s “baseline” budget forecast , which assumes that the cuts do indeed expire as planned, sees the deficit falling from 9.1% of GDP in 2010 to 2.5% in 2014.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
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{
"text": "These are just the debts the US has already incurred.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
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"text": "The problem is the future entitlements the US is promising to its soon-to-be-retired generation of Baby Boomers.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
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"text": "Medicare, health insurance, and so on are all future costs that can be calculated fairly accurately when considering the size and earnings of the work-force relative to the size, longevity and health of the newly-retired.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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"text": "Governments can \"solve\" the problems of entitlements simply be reneging on their promises.",
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"text": "The concern that investors have is that either entitlements will be paid by raising taxes (and so cutting profits and investment returns) or countries will simply default on their existing debts as their tax receipts run out.",
"label": [
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"text": "As Europe has shown (from French workers rioting about having to retire at 62, to British students rioting about paying their tuition fees), breaking promises has consequences for elected politicians too.",
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"text": "Europe is already going rather painfully through this process of economic restructuring.",
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"text": "The US will eventually come round as well.",
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},
{
"text": "Just don't expect it to be painless.",
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "So keep your money and invest it wisely.",
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"text": "No doubt that tax collectors will be round in a while to take their cut so you can make your contribution.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1390/Turukawa",
"score": 5
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "No.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "Unless you are ten Bill Gates rolled into one man, you can not possibly hope to make a dent in the 14 trillion debt.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
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"text": "Even if you were and paid off whole debt in one payment, budget deficits would restore it to old glory in a short time.",
"label": [
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"text": "If you have some extra money, I'd advise to either choose a charity and donate to somebody who needs your help directly or if you are so inclined, support a campaign of a financially conservative politician (only if you are sure he is a financial conservative and doesn't just tell this to get elected - I have no idea how you could do it :).",
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],
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2049/StasM",
"score": 1
}
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "No, it makes no sense.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "The US national debt is different from other debt on TWO KEY WAYS : 1.)",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
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},
{
"text": "The national debt is not money we owe to our government",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "IT IS MONEY",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
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},
{
"text": "WE OWE",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
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},
{
"text": "TO OURSELVES.2.)",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "If the GNP of our country can grow at a rate equal to or greater than the national debt interest, then the figure of national debt has no bearing on anything.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
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},
{
"text": "So a more philanthropic endeavor would be to help grow the economy.",
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],
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/3478/Ash Machine",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "As an American citizen, does it make any financial sense to donate money in hopes of helping to reduce the US national debt? Thanks.",
"title": "Does it make any sense to directly contribute to reducing the US national debt?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<debt-reduction>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/5043",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2222/Latency"
} | 4_31 | [
[
"This makes no sense.",
"No, it does not make any sense to contribute towards reducing the national debt."
]
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"No, it does not make any sense to contribute towards reducing the national debt."
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[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "If you have the cash on hand to pay the tax on the amount you are transferring I recommend moving to a Roth IRA An IRA is tax-deferred .",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
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},
{
"text": "You put in pretax contributions in to an IRA, and you are taxed on that money (your contributions and interest earned) when you withdraw it at retirement, age 59 1/2.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "The idea being that you will be taking less out per year in your retirement years, putting you into a lower tax bracket.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "The major problem is most people draw out as much or more a year in their retirement years than when they were working.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "A Roth IRA grows tax free You put after tax contributions into a Roth IRA, you have paid taxes on the contributions, and you are never taxed on the growth.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "When you draw the money out at retirement you don't pay any income taxes on that money.",
"label": [
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},
{
"text": "Let me give you an example:",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "For this example we will use the following information for both scenario:",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "You are in the 25% fed tax bracket",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "Your mutual fund investment will average 12% a year.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "You will invest from age 25 to age 65.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "We will invest $400 per month for a total of $4800.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The current maximum is $5000 if you are under 50 years old Roth IRA $400 dollars after taxes is $300 Invest $300 a month, at age 65 you have",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "3,529,432 You owe no taxes on this money, it doesn't matter how much you take out a year.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
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},
{
"text": "IRA $400 dollars a month is taken pretax out of your paycheck.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "Invest $400 per month,",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "at age 65 you have $4,705,909You owe taxes of 25% as you draw that out for at total tax of 1,176,477 4,705,909 - 1,176,477 = 3,529,432 cash in your pocket",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "The problem is if you draw out more than $82,400 (current 2010 filing single) per year you will be pushed to a higher tax bracket and take more of your money away.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If you decide to buy a vacation home and you take out $250,000 to pay for it, that's counted as income for that year any you will be in the 33% tax bracket.",
"label": [
0
],
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},
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"text": "Even if you can keep yourself to a low income the government forces your hand and makes you draw out more money at age 70, based on their tables, forcing you into a higher tax bracket",
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"text": "A rollover IRA is a traditional IRA.",
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"text": "Your rollover contributions are not taxed and rollover or counted against your annual limit, which is income dependent.",
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"text": "A Roth IRA is one where your contributions will be taxed going into the IRA.",
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"text": "Note that there are adjusted gross income maximums for contribution to a Roth IRA (see here ), and as far as I can tell those income maximums also determine whether or not you can rollover to a Roth IRA.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Adding to justkt's answer.",
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"text": "The big difference to you during the rollover is that moving the money to a Roth IRA, unless it was a Roth 401K, is going to require you pay a lot of taxes on the money you move.",
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"text": "I'd suggest not doing that without guidance from a financial advisor.",
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"text": "For reporting purposes, most IRA firms prefer that you roll the 401(k) funds into a Rollover or Traditional IRA and then convert to the ROTH from there.",
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"text": "The mid-air conversions (401(k) directly into a ROTH) can get tricky when you go to do your taxes the following year if the 1099 form from the releasing custodian and the 5498 form from the accepting custodian have different numbers due to the conversion amount and taxes withheld if any.",
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"text": "I saw this confusion with Fidelity and called up their customer support.",
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"text": "With Fidelity, Rollover IRA is the same as Traditional IRA.",
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"text": "If you are looking to rolling over into a Traditional IRA and a ROTH IRA, you would need to open the two respective accounts - 1 Rollover/traditional and 1 ROTH.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/73948/Linh Tran",
"score": 2
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] | {
"question": "Previous Question. I have decided to roll my 401(k) into a Roth IRA. I use ThinkOrSwim as my broker currently, so I plan on opening an IRA with them. When opening the account I'm presented with the choice between a Rollover IRA and a Roth IRA. The description for the Rollover IRA says its for rolling over a retirement account. My question is: What is the difference between the two? Can I not just open a Roth IRA and roll the funds into that account?",
"title": "What is the difference between a Rollover IRA and a Roth IRA?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<united-states><401k><roth-ira><rollover>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/5048",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2185/Kyle Trauberman"
} | 4_32 | [
[
"A rollover is not taxed while for the Roth IRA your contributions will be taxed.",
"The difference between Rollover and Roth IRA is that Roth contributions are taxed whilst Rollover contributions are not. In order to convert your IRA into a Roth, you would need both types of account to perform the transaction."
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"Rollover contributions are not taxed.",
"Rot contributions will be taxed on the money you move.",
"To put your funds into a Roth account, you would need both types of account to perform the transaction."
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"sents": [
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"text": "Classic investing guru Benjamin Graham defines \"An investment operation is one which, upon thorough analysis, promises safety of principal and an adequate return.\"",
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"text": "He contrasts this with speculation which is anything else (no thorough analysis, no safety of principal, or no adequate return).",
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"text": "The word \"adequate\" is important, since it contrasts adequate returns with those that are either lower than needed or higher than necessary to reach your goals.",
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"text": "Speculation means putting your money on a hunch that some event may occur, depending on current circumstances and some future circumstances.",
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"text": "So either you win huge or lose a lot.",
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"text": "Investment is a conscious decision made on well defined research and grounded on good reasons i.e. economy, industry, company reports etc.",
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"text": "Here is a link on wikipedia with more details on Speculation .",
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"text": "Investing is balancing the desire for return against the various risks that your money is faced with.",
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"text": "There's also a recognition that an investment will be in place for some extended period of time.",
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"text": "Speculation is seeking short-term maximum return, without protecting yourself against risk.",
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"text": "\"Speculation\" or \"Speculators\" is often thrown out as a pejorative, but you need speculation to have a healthy market.",
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"text": "In my opinion the difference is semantic.",
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"text": "A professional, or someone wanting to present an air of competence, is more likely to talk about investing in shares, as the word investment carries with it connotations of effort, energy and a worthwhile result.",
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"text": "Whereas, the word speculation implies the hope of gain but with the risk of loss.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2072/Derek Jennings",
"score": 4
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"text": "I consider speculation to be a security purchase where the point is to sell it to someone for a higher price.",
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"text": "Day-trading is completely speculative.",
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"text": "I consider Investment to be a purchase you make for its underlying value.",
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"text": "You are buying it at that price because you believe the present value of the future payments is higher than the price you are paying.",
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"text": "I may sell an investment if a higher price is offered than I think it's worth, or if the business situation changes, but I don't plan on it.",
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"text": "Hedging is a third type of security purchase, where you are decreasing your overall risk.",
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"text": "If you are a hog farmer, selling hog futures on the CME is hedging, because it locks in the amount you get per hog, regardless of what the price of hogs does.",
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"text": "Commodities markets only have hedgers and speculators.",
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"text": "Investors don't make sense, it doesn't have an underlying value.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1686/DanTilkin",
"score": 3
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"sents": [
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"text": "Colloquially, there's no difference except for the level of risk (which is an estimate anyway).",
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"text": "Classically, investment is creating wealth through improvement or production.",
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"text": "Purchasing a house with the intent to renovate and sell it for a profit would be an investment, as the house is worth more when you sell than when you bought it.",
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"text": "Speculation, on the other hand, is when you hope to make a profit through changes in the market itself.",
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"text": "Purchasing a house, letting it sit for 6 months, and selling it for a profit would be speculation.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1739/Benjamin Chambers",
"score": 3
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"text": "Speculation is when someone else makes an investment you don't like.",
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"text": "The above is tongue in cheek, but is a serious answer.",
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"text": "There are several attempts at separating the two, but they turn into moral judgements on the value of a pure \"buy and hold\" versus any other investment strategy (which is itself doubtful: is shorting an oil stock more \"speculation\" than buying and holding an alternative energy stock?).",
"label": [
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"text": "Some economists take the other route and just argue that we should remove the moral judgement and celebrate speculation as we celebrate investment.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1788/luispedro",
"score": 2
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] | {
"question": "I keep hearing people saying that a speculation is NOT an investment, but isn't it really just investment with high risk?",
"title": "What is the difference between speculating and investing?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<investing><terminology><speculation>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/5250",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1965/triforcelink"
} | 4_35 | [
[
"The difference is semantic and there is a different level of risk involved.",
"It is unclear that there is any definitive difference between the two terms, though some might suggest that the level of risk is a factor."
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"It is unclear that there is any definitive difference between the two terms, though some might suggest that the level of risk is a factor."
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[
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"sents": [
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"text": "Looking at previous hyperinflation scenarios, it seems to me the best preparation is to get an option to leave the country.",
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"text": "If you imagine yourself living in say Zimbabwe today then having gold coins would be ok, but having money stashed in South Africa and the legal right to move there would be much better.",
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"text": "So, as well as buying gold coins, store some of them in a country you think will be stable, ideally a place you have the right to live in.",
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"text": "Perhaps buy some growth assets in that country too.",
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"text": "(None of this is to say I think the USA is on track to become anything like a failed state.",
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"text": "But, whatever fraction of a probability you want to assign to the idea of hyperinflation, this is how I think you should play it.)",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1992/poolie",
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"text": "I purchase one (1) ounce American Eagles or one",
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"text": "(1) ounce Canadian Maple Leafs - both gold and silver.",
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"text": "I've purchased from www.coloradogold.com and www.monex.com.",
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"text": "I would highly recommend www.coloradogold.com.",
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"text": "I would not recommend www.monex.com.",
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"text": "They seemed more interested in signing me up for a leveraged account.",
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"text": "I've read good reviews about www.apmex.com and www.tulving.com.",
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"text": "Also, check your local coin stores.",
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"text": "I've found one locally that is just as competitive with the internet companies.",
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"text": "You should expect to pay around 4-6 % over the spot price (www.kitco.com).",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1229/Muro",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Maybe you shuold look at buying into gold and silver ETFs instead..",
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{
"text": "they are much more liquid and yuo can go in and oout of your positions very quickly",
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"sents": [
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"text": "If you wish to buy actual gold, then www.kitco.com is a reputable site to buy from.",
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"text": "(I'm not a part of kitco.com).",
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"text": "I would note that paying for day to day items with gold is impractical.",
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"text": "Since 1 oz of gold is currently at about $1300, buying some groceries or filling your tank of gas would require only a very small fraction of your 1 oz gold coin.",
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"text": "The seller would very likely not have a kind of precision scale needed to confirm you were paying the appropriate amount of gold,(assuming",
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"text": "they accept gold as payment to begin with).",
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"text": "I have to agree with other answerers that if you believe there will unavoidably be hyper inflation similar to 1920's Germany, then you should move.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2553/chrisfs",
"score": 2
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Check here: http://www.garynorth.com/public/department32.cfm",
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"text": "If you have specific questions, shell out $15 and become a member of the site.",
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"text": "He actively answers questions himself.",
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"text": "(That's not an affiliate link.)",
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"text": "There's a wealth of reliable information on gold, inflation, etc.",
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"text": "there.",
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"question": "I'm becoming more interested in buying gold / silver coins as a hedge against inflation and especially hyperinflation. I know very little about this, and there are thousands of sites on the internet about this. I'm sure many of them are a little less than honest. For those of you who are experienced with this, could you point me to reputable sites that can explain how to go about doing this and perhaps reputable sites where gold and silver coins can be purchased? Thanks very much.",
"title": "Buying gold / silver as a hedge against hyperinflation",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<investing><inflation><gold><silver><hyperinflation>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/5559",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1946/Randy Minder"
} | 4_36 | [
[
"There are several good sites for this like coloradogold.com, monex.com, apmex.com and tulving.com.",
"If you're interested in buying gold, there are a number of sites you can buy from including coloradogold.com, apmex.com or kitco.com. If you're looking for further information, try the Gary North website."
]
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"There are a number of sites where you can buy gold, including Coloradogold.com, Apmex or Kitco.com",
"The Gary North website contains useful information on buying gold."
]
] |
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{
"sents": [
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"text": "Credit cards have two revenue streams:",
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"text": "They collect a fee, usually 2-3% for each transaction from merchants",
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"text": "They collect interest and fees from you.",
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"text": "So yes, the are making money from your daily use of the card.",
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"text": "They don't make any money off of you personally.",
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"text": "They make money off of the merchants per transaction when you use the card.",
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"text": "You trigger this fee to the credit card issuer, but it doesn't come out of your pocket.",
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"text": "(Or it shouldn't; merchants aren't allowed to pass this fee on to you.)",
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"text": "They keep you around because you may at some point become less responsible than you already are, and it would be quite costly to get you back (a couple hundred dollars is the cost of acquiring a new credit card customer).",
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"text": "People who are less responsible than you subsidize your free float and your rewards (if any) but the new CARD act makes it more difficult for people to use their cards irresponsibly, so these perks that you enjoy will get less perky with time.",
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"text": "Of course they make money.",
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"text": "They double dip in a lot of instances they make 2 - 3% plus $0.30 per transaction from the merchant and then whatever interest you pay on your card.",
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"text": "So let's just say in one day you make stops at Starbucks for a $4 Latte, then at Wendy's for lunch for about $8, then you put about $20 worth of gas in your tank, then you stop at Kroger for some $40 groceries and may you pick up some dinner for about $15.",
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"text": "That's 5 transactions at $0.30 which is a $1.50 then at 3% starbucks",
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"text": "is $0.12, Wendy's $0.24, gas is $0.60 then kroger $1.20 then dinner $0.45",
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"text": "so the total that they get is $4.11 multiply this by about a million people per day that is about $4.1 million per day that they get.",
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"text": "That is a nice penny!",
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"text": "just from the merchant",
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"text": "so you are making them a lot of money by just using it.",
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},
{
"sents": [
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"text": "Maybe they don't make much, but they make some for sure.",
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"text": "In addition to what duffbeer703 says , they also have a warm body at the end of the line and will sell your contact info (or at least access to your eyeballs) to marketers.",
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"text": "They stuff advertisements into your bill for example.",
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"text": "If nothing else, you are brand value for them as they can convince merchants (who get charged monthly) that X billion people carry their card and that merchant would be missing out on sales by not accepting their product.",
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"text": "If you have a rewards card that pays you for using it, the merchant has higher corresponding fees.",
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"sents": [
{
"text": "Ever wonder why certain businesses won't accept certain credit cards?",
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"text": "(The sign above the register saying \"Sorry, we don't accept AmericanExpress\").",
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"text": "It's because they don't want to pay that credit card company's transaction fees.",
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"text": "One of the roles of the credit card company is to facilitate the transaction process between the customer (you) and the store.",
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"text": "And now that using credit cards over cash or check is so ingrained in our culture, it creates extra work for the customer to make purchases at an establishment that is cash-only.",
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"text": "Credit card companies know this, and so do businesses.",
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"text": "So businesses will partner with credit card companies so that customers can use their cards.",
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"text": "This way, everything is handled electronically (this can also benefit the business, since there's added security as they're not dealing with cash directly, and they don't have to manually count as much cash later).",
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"text": "However a business may only budget a certain amount of their profits they want taken by credit card transactions.",
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"text": "So if a company's fees are too high (say AmericanExpress, for example) and they are banking on you already having a Visa card, the company isn't going to go out of its way to provide the AmericanExpress option for you.",
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"text": "If it were free for the business to use a credit card company's service at their stores, then they would all just provide the option for every card!",
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"text": "So the credit card company making money is all contingent on you spending your money by using their credit card.",
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"text": "You use the card, and the store pays the company for the transaction.",
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}
],
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/37644/flareartist",
"score": 3
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] | {
"question": "How does a credit card company make any money off of me using their card if there are no fees associated with the card (I don't pay any extra) and I pay off my balance on time every month (so I don't pay any fees ever for this either). Are they just banking on the fact that many people don't do this and end up owing them money?",
"title": "How can a credit card company make any money off me? I have a no-fee card and pay my balance on time",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<credit-card><financial-literacy><profitability>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/6084",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/None/"
} | 4_38 | [
[
"They make money per transaction when you use the card. It's usually 2-3% per transaction.",
"Generally speaking, the credit card issuer charges merchants for every transaction you make. They only make money off you personally if you incurr interest on the money you have borrowed."
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"The credit card issuer makes money from the merchant of every transaction you make.",
"If you do incurr interest, the credit card issuer will collect this from you.",
"They don't make any money off you personally."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I think a greater problem would be the protection of your property right.",
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"text": "China hasn't shown much respect for the property rights of its own citizens - moving people off subsistence farms in order to build high-rise apartments -",
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"text": "so I'm not certain that a foreigner could expect much protection.",
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"text": "A first consideration in any asset purchase should always be consideration of the strength of local property law.",
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"text": "By all accounts, China fails.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "China is in the middle of a residential housing bubble, and now is probably a horrible time to invest in real estate in China.",
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"text": "Even if China wasn't near the peak of its bubble it would probably still be a bad idea because owning real estate in a foreign country is expensive and risky.",
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"text": "There are real currency risks, think what would happen if the yuan declined significantly against the dollar.",
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"text": "There is also the risk of the government seizing foreign held investments (not extremely likely but plausible).",
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"text": "Another consideration is that it would be next to impossible for you to get a loan to purchase a property US banks wouldn't touch it with a 10 ft pole",
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"text": "and I doubt Chinese banks would be very interested in lending to foreigners.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1873/stoj",
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"sents": [
{
"text": "No, it's not.",
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{
"text": "This could be a great question, but with no background, not so much.",
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"text": "Do you live there now?",
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"text": "For how long, and how much longer?",
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"text": "You say investment, are you looking to live in it or rent it out?",
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"text": "I have nothing against China, but I'd not buy anywhere unless the price, location, and timing all were right.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/187/JTP - Apologise to Monica",
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"sents": [
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"text": "It is a lousy investment to purchase an apartment in China.",
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"text": "Chinese citizens purchase apartments in China because, well... here's how China works:",
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"text": "There's this one-child policy; you may have heard of it.",
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"text": "1 child per couple =",
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"text": "> 4 grandparents for each child to support in old age, which is too much, so don't count on your grandkid supporting you in your old age.",
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"text": "Sounds like you'll need to save a lot of money for retirement.",
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"text": "All the banks give you negative real interest rates (i.e. your savings won't keep up with inflation)",
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"text": "so they can finance their big state-owned enterprises.",
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"text": "Then the rich jerks in charge can overpay themselves.",
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"text": "There are limited opportunities to deal with this, in part due to China's restrictions on its own citizens.",
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"text": "Property ownership is one inflation hedge and starts to look really good in comparison, even if it's risky.",
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"text": "There's some fundamentals driving Chinese property values higher, but mostly it's a bubble caused by those reasons.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "More infomation is needed for any meaningful discussion about this.",
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},
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"text": "I just assume you want to buy in China mainland, not Hongkong or other places.",
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},
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"text": "That depends on where you want to buy the flat.",
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],
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},
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"text": "Which city, which district of the city, which community, which school district, how old is the building?",
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"text": "Furthermore, always bearing in mind that you don't own the land when you buy a flat in China mainland.",
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},
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"text": "The land is always state-owned, you are renting the land.",
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0
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},
{
"text": "Someone will say that the real property market in China is always in a bubble, but because the ownership of the land is different from countries like US and other things like one-child policy, things are not that easy to tell.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "But if you don't live in China now and you don't have clients ready to rent from you, I don't think it is a good choice right now to buy one just for investment.",
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1
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/4750/mcwolf",
"score": 1
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}
] | {
"question": "Is it a good investment for a foreigner to purchase a flat/apartment in China? Why, or why not?",
"title": "Is it a good investment for a foreigner to purchase a flat/apartment in China?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<real-estate><investing>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/6221",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2723/Steven"
} | 4_39 | [
[
"China is in the middle of a housing bubble so it's not a good time to invest, especially if you don't live there and don't have someone rent to rent it from you. Owning real estate in a foreing country is expensive and risky.",
"More information is required to provide an exact answer, however, investing in an apartment in China is generally not considered an sensible idea. Firstly, there is a risk that the Chinese government may seize your property, and secondly, the present currency risks make this a very unsafe investment."
]
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"Investing in an apartment in China is generally considered a bad decision.",
"More information is required to give an exact answer to this question.",
"There is a risk that the government may seize your property.",
"The current currency risks make this an unwise investment."
]
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[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "First, what country are you in?",
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"text": "Canada doesn't offer a mortgage interest tax deduction, the US does.",
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"text": "This changes the math a bit, and in the US, the current after tax cost of a mortgage is below our long term inflation rate.",
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},
{
"text": "Is the mortgage your only debt?",
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"text": "I've seen people religiously pay extra each month to their 6% mortgage while carrying 18% interest debt on credit cards.",
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"text": "Next, there are company matched retirement plans, in the US, a 401(k) plan, where if you put up to 6% or so of your pay into the account, it's effectively doubled upon deposit.",
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"text": "I'd be sure not to miss such an opportunity.",
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},
{
"text": "After these considerations, prepaying is equal to buying a risk free fixed instrument.",
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"text": "If that appeals to you, and you've considered the above first, go for it.",
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"text": "Keep in mind, money paid to the mortgage isn't easily borrowed back, short of a HELOC.",
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"text": "I'd strongly advise that your emergency fund be fully funded (6 months worth of spending) before starting to make extra mortgage payments.",
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"text": "I'm assuming when you say \"…put it towards our mortgage payment?",
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"text": "\" , you mean make additional payments on top of your scheduled payment.",
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"text": "Strictly speaking, if the interest on your mortgage is higher than the return you can expect by saving, then yes, your excess savings should be put toward your mortgage.",
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"text": "This assumes that there are no pre-payment penalties, that you really won't miss that money in the short term (i.e. you say you have enough savings for emergencies, so that's good), and that both choices would use after-tax dollars (i.e. mortgage payment vs RRSP contribution in Canada is a huge discussion).",
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"text": "Do you have any other debt besides your mortgage such as credit card debt, student loans, or a car payment?",
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"text": "Unless those are lower interest than your mortgage, pay them off first.",
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"text": "There are a lot of other considerations besides just mortgage and emergency fund.",
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"text": "Do you have some money for the things in life that happen - car repairs, unexpected medical bills, your next vehicle purchase, and the eventual replacing of those big ticket items in your home that will break eventually?",
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"text": "A bit of savings towards each of those each month is not a bad idea.",
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"text": "Then there is your retirement.",
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"text": "Are you on track to make enough to support yourself in retirement plus pay for the cost of health care as it applies in your country (more in some countries, less in others)?",
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"text": "There is also the cost of higher education for your children if you have any or are planning on having any.",
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"text": "If so, were you planning on contributing to their higher eduction?",
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"text": "Do you have a savings plan in place for that?",
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"text": "Paying off the house is a great thing to do - in my mind it's great even if it reduces your mortgage deduction, although others disagree.",
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"text": "It's just not the number one financial priority anyone should have.",
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"text": "First of all, you should absolutely put money into savings until you have at least a 6 month cushion, and preferably longer.",
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"text": "It doesn't matter if you get 0% interest in your savings and have a high interest rate mortgage, the cushion is still more important.",
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"text": "Once you have a nice emergency fund, you can then consider the question of whether to pay more towards the mortgage if the numbers make sense.",
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"text": "However, in my opinion, it's not just a straight comparison of interest rates.",
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"text": "In other words, if your savings account gives you 1% and your mortgage is 5%, that's still not an automatic win for the mortgage.",
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"text": "The reason is that by putting the money into your mortgage, you're locking it up and can't access it.",
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"text": "To me, money in the hand is worth a lot more than money that's yours on paper but not easily accessible.",
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"text": "I don't know the math well enough, but you don't really need the math.",
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"text": "Just keep in mind that you have to weight the present value of putting that money into savings vs the future value of putting it into your mortgage and paying less interest at some point in the future.",
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"text": "Do the math and see how much you will save by paying the mortgage down faster, but also keep in mind that future money is worth less than present money.",
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"text": "A LOT less if you suddenly have an emergency or decide on a major purchase and need the money, but then have to jump through hoops to get to it.",
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"text": "To me, you need to save a considerable amount by paying down the mortgage, and also understand that your money is getting locked away, for it to make sense.",
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"text": "Another thing to consider is how much longer you wish to stay in this home & what you will do with it when you move.",
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"text": "I had planned on doing exactly this, but we are more likely to keep our home when we move out and use it as rental property.",
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"text": "If we went down this route, we would have a lot of equity (perhaps even paid off) in our home, but would have little left to save towards the next home down payment.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "The other answers have offered some great advice, but here is an alternative that hasn't been mentioned yet.",
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"text": "I'm assuming that you have an adequately-sized emergency fund in savings, and that your cars are your only non-mortgage debt.",
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"text": "Since you still have car debt, you probably don't have anything saved for buying a new car when your current cars are at the end-of-life.",
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"text": "Consider paying off your car loans early, then begin saving for your next car.",
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"text": "Having cash in the bank for a car is very freeing, and it changes your mindset when it comes time to purchase a car, as it is easy to waste a lot of money on something that depreciates rapidly when you aren't paying for it immediately.",
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"text": "This approach might be counterintuitive if your car loan interest rate is less than your mortgage rate, but you will probably need another car before you need another house, and paying cash for a car is worth doing.",
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] | {
"question": "Should we take our excess cash at the end of the month and put it in savings or put it towards our mortgage payment? We've been in our home 3 years and we already have some emergency money saved up. I would be paying towards the principal of my mortgage. My mortgage interest rate 5.75 is the higher than our other debt (cars). My saving account interest rate is about 1%-2%.",
"title": "Put money in savings or pay towards mortgage?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<mortgage><savings>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/6444",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2806/jacook11"
} | 4_40 | [
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"You should absolutely have money in savings for an emergency fund. However, if the interest on your mortgage is higher than the return on savings, then invest in that instead.",
"There will be a number of factors to take into consideration besides the interest rates and even then the answer will be subjective. Some people would recommend making mortgage payments if the mortgage interest is higher than the interest on your savings. However, some people would recommend having a signficiant cushion of savings before going down this route."
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"sents": [
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"text": "You're entirely correct.",
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"text": "It's one of those \"broken window\" fallacies.",
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"text": "Have you ever witnessed the anger of the good shopkeeper, James B., when his careless son happened to break a square of glass?",
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"text": "If you have been present at such a scene, you will most assuredly bear witness to the fact, that every one of the spectators, were there even thirty of them, by common consent apparently, offered the unfortunate owner this invariable consolation -",
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"text": "\"It is an ill wind that blows nobody good.",
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"text": "Everybody must live, and what would become of the glaziers if panes of glass were never broken?\"",
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"text": "Frederic Bastiat's 1850 essay, \"That which is seen and that which is not seen\" is still the best and most beautifully-written of such explanations.",
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"text": "As you point out, a gain for the construction companies is more than offset by the loss of life and financial expenditure of the insurance companies.",
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"text": "Plus, it is never possible to quantify the entirety of the loss in terms of opportunities foregone (\"that which is not seen\").",
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"text": "People who were about to do incredible things but now gone.",
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"text": "Property, of any nature, no longer of use to build on or perform service.",
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"text": "Any replacement comes at the expense of other opportunities.",
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"text": "You are not wrong.",
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"text": "This is called the \"Broken Window\" fallacy in economics.",
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"text": "Imagine if 20% of a population was employed to go around breaking windows.",
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"text": "This would stimulate the economy as many people would have to be employed to make new windows, repair the broken windows, etc..",
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"text": "The problem is that everyone would have been better off if they didn't have to spend their valuable resources on repairing a perfectly functioning window.",
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"text": "Although many people will be employed to rebuild Japan, this doesn't improve the standard of living for the folks in Japan.",
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"text": "It will have some positives, and some negatives.",
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"text": "The hardest hit will be the insurance agencies, as well as banks.",
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"text": "Manufacturing will also take a short term hit.",
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"text": "When insurance payments come out, then there will be a boom in construction, consumer goods, industrial goods, etc.",
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"text": "Companies will upgrade their equipment whereas before they might have let it run for another 10-20 years or longer.",
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"text": "After all, if you are going to buy something, you aren't going to get it used, you'll get something more modern.",
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"text": "Of course, Japan already was one of the most modern countries in the world, so they likely won't see as many gains as other countries, but this would hold more true in a less technologically advanced society.",
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"text": "Long term, 10-20 years down the line, when everything is rebuilt, it might have a slight positive increase in productivity, but this will be somewhat offset because Japan already is such a technological powerhouse, and on the cutting edge in many technologies.",
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"text": "But I agree, it's quite foolish to say that it'll improve the economy of Japan, some clarification should be done to clear that one up...",
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"text": "The problem here is that the metrics that are used to track the economy are looking for things like growth and change .",
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"text": "In a perfect world, everyone would have exactly what they need and there would no need for economists because the economy would be static.",
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"text": "The people who benefit are large engineering and construction companies, manufacturers of construction equipment, bankers and lawyers.",
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"text": "So in the world of realpolitik that we live in, the misery of millions of \"other people\" is spun as a net benefit, because \"we\" benefit from that misery.",
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"text": "It certainly creates an opportunity for the re-distribution of wealth.",
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"text": "Money will be transferred from insurance companies to construction companies.",
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"text": "Businesses that go under will be replaced by ones that survived.",
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"text": "Some companies will make a profit out of this, but as you have already figured out, no new wealth is created by the disaster.",
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"text": "(Although lots has been destroyed, so we are looking at a net loss.)",
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"text": "Wikipedia's article on the Parable of the broken window mentions that Keynesians would argue that broken windows can be useful in depressed economies.",
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"text": "I think Japan's economy was somewhat depressed, so if it applies anywhere, it'd apply in this scenario.",
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"question": "After the Sendai earthquake, news sites say that rebuilding the city will be an \"economic boost\" for Japan. Okay, great for construction companies, but the government and insurance companies are paying for that. I don't think this is something that boosts the economy of Japan, unless it is paid 100% by foreign insurance companies. Am I wrong in my thinking?",
"title": "How can rebuilding a city/large area be considered an economic boost?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<insurance><economics>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/6897",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2821/sterz"
} | 4_41 | [
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"Some companies will profit but no new wealth will be created.",
"You are not wrong in your thinking as there will be both positives and negatives. The contruction industry will experience a boom but at the expense of the insurance industry."
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I used to open safes and vaults for a large US bank and have a fair bit of professional experience breaking into safes/vaults (legally).",
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"text": "I would avoid safe deposit boxes many banks keep poor records and I have seen way to many safe deposit boxes that were drilled and opened accidentally (wrong box number written on entry card happened fairly often).",
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],
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{
"text": "Things to look for in a safe for gold and silver.",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "Thick door and side walls the thicker the better.",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "Door must have a bar or bars that when the door is shut the bars interlock with the walls to prevent prying.",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "Many cheap safes Must be bolted to the floor (preferably concrete)",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "it doesn't matter how good a safe is if the thief can carry it away.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "The heaver the safe + valuables are the better.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "Mechanical locks are better than electronic locks in general many consumer and some commercial grade safes have a master combination.",
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{
"text": "Relockers are important for security just keep in mind they can be a double edged sword if you loose your combination.",
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},
{
"text": "(relockers are mechanical devices that re-lock a safe if it is being tampered with)",
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"text": "The other consideration I would have is that it is important that you hide the location of the safe as best as possible.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "If a thief can't find it they can't steal it.",
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"text": "Also if you are planning on storing documents or other things that could burn it would be a good idea to get a fire rated safe.",
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{
"text": "I don't think there is anything that will 100% protect your stuff from getting stolen but with a decent safe and some reasonable precautions you can thwart all but the most ambitious and skilled criminals.",
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},
{
"sents": [
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"text": "Wherever you end up storing it just make sure you don't tell anyone.",
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},
{
"text": "You can't know how little secrets can slowly spread, especially over many years.",
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},
{
"text": "You don't want someone vaguely connected to",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "you try to rob you when they're really desperate.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/3174/Philip",
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Hide it in plain sight.",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "A thief would look in obvious places (like a safe or the refrigerator) first.",
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],
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{
"text": "Use your imagination, and don't tell anyone except maybe your spouse, or in your will.",
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],
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{
"text": "Something like unscrewing the bottom of a vegetable juicer you don't use, putting a bag of silver in there, and screwing the bottom back on.",
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},
{
"text": "More elaborate would be opening up a wall panel, putting some in there, and then repairing the panel so that it looked untouched.",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "(Please don't break into my house to take my juicer.",
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},
{
"text": "There's nothing there.)",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/414/mbhunter",
"score": 11
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I'd go for a safe that's been properly installed.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1121/Timo Geusch",
"score": 10
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The safest place would be inside of a safe deposit box.",
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},
{
"text": "You should consult with your insurance agent about insuring the bullion.",
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},
{
"text": "You need insurance whether you keep bullion in a box or at home.",
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Insurance companies may have specific storage requirements in order to store bullion over a certain amount.",
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},
{
"text": "If you are concealing the existence of the bullion for tax or some other purpose you have no legal recourse.",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1288/duffbeer703",
"score": 8
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "A safe from a reputable manufacturer is a definite necessity.",
"label": [
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1
],
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},
{
"text": "Also, take a good insurance policy to protect against any theft if it ever happens.",
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},
{
"text": "It is also a good idea (depending on the additional expense required) to save the bullion in more than one safes.",
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{
"text": "That way you can spread out the risk.",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2122/EndlessSpace",
"score": 5
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "You can store it in a house, but I wouldn't feel that's safe enough.",
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},
{
"text": "A safe deposit box in multiple banks(possibly multiple locations) is your best bet for storing gold bullion.",
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1
],
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[
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/3221/mansu",
"score": 3
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "What about allocated (or even unallocated) storage in a vault - I know very little about it myself except but you own numbered bars (or rights to a percentage in the case of unallocated) in a vault.",
"label": [
1
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],
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},
{
"text": "Worth mentioning anyway",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "I think.",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "Here's the first link I found it may help",
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/4615/byronyasgur",
"score": 3
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I got a small used TL-30 rated safe from a store that was closing for pretty cheap.",
"label": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "There's several online stores that sell used safes and you might have some local locksmith/security shops that do as well.",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "I think as long as you bolt it down and don't plan to store millions in it",
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],
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},
{
"text": "that's a good way to go.",
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/9434/Andrew Walters",
"score": 0
}
}
] | {
"question": "Apart from midnight-gardening, what are some of the truly safe and cost-effective storage methods for gold and silver bullion? This is for core bullion with no numismatic value. I am looking specifically for bullion storage so any suggestions regarding e-Gold/Gold funds can be avoided.",
"title": "Storing gold and silver",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<united-states><gold><silver><precious-metals><bullion>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/7102",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2904/SR10N"
} | 4_42 | [
[
"Look into a safe from a reputable manufacturer. A safe deposit box at a bank is also a good option. ",
"Your best choices will probably be either a properly installed safe, a safe deposit box or allocated space in a vault. You may want to consult with your insurance company as they might have requirements for gold storage. Another thing to consider could be storing the gold in multiple locations to spread the risk."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
false
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0
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[
"A properly installed or certified safe is probably your best option.",
"A safe deposit box or allocated space in a vault could be a good choice.",
"You may want to consult with your insurance company as they may have requirements for storing gold.",
"You could simple store it at home.",
"You might want to consider storing your gold in multiple locations to spread the risk."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The answer is, unfortunately, along the lines of \"it depends\".",
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1
],
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],
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},
{
"text": "It does depend a little on the bank - I've had a US bank account for years before moving to the US, and I didn't have an SSN or any status when I opened the account.",
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1
],
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1
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "What I did have however was an address in the US that they could send the statements to, and proof that I was living abroad (oh, and US citizen wife that had an account with the same bank).",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
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},
{
"text": "Not all banks will open a bank account for a foreigner with no status in the US, but it is generally possible.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "You will have to check with several banks and basically have paperwork showing your foreign address and proof of id (passport, possibly a drivers license as well).",
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"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1121/Timo Geusch",
"score": 15
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "You can open an account in US without having SSN.",
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1
],
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1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "You need to be physically present to open the account.",
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0
],
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1113/Dheer",
"score": 6
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "This is an alternative solution and it will depend where you live as to how you will have to make it work.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "I am in the UK and there are a number of ways that I can use to access my money from anywhere in the world without high transaction fees.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "Use a Halifax Clarity credit card.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "This has no foreign exchange fee anywhere in the world, so you can get the best rate possible.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Plus it doesn't charge a fee for cash withdrawals, although you will be charged interest on the cash withdrawal from the date of withdrawal even if you repay in full.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Use a FairFX prepaid Mastercard.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "This has no fee for topping up (if you use the correct route) or for purchases.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "There is a $2 fee (or €1.50 on the Euro version) for each ATM cash withdrawal.",
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"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "I top mine up from my bank account over the internet without any charges.",
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0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Internet banking takes care of everything else.",
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1785/uɐɪ",
"score": 5
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Depending what country you are from, there may be better alternatives to transfer money internationally.",
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},
{
"text": "Opening a bank account is complicated, costs money, and international bank transfers are remarkably expensive.",
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},
{
"text": "Traveler checks: they can be used for moving money international at a about 1% fee rate.",
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "They are somewhat inconvenient but very safe and cost effective.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "ATM cards:",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "I'm currently in China",
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "and I can pull money from the Chinese Construction Bank machine using a Bank of America ATM card with no charges whatsoever, since both Banks have an ATM agreement.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/6670/Hilmar",
"score": 3
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Yes you can.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "I'm a foreigner who uses a tourist visa to enter America and Bank of America",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "opened a checking account for me.",
"label": [
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "I had to go into the branch with my passport and a driving license",
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},
{
"text": "and it was opened with $100.",
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "You do need to give a US address",
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "so statements can be sent out",
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "but that's about it.",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/9310/user9310",
"score": 2
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "yes you can open bank account",
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1
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "you should have a address in us and personally visit bank to deposite $1500 only to get you a debit card.you are required to maintain min balance of $1500 only.",
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0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "I have done it",
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],
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],
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/6668/verma",
"score": 0
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "If you want an interest-bearing account, you can apply online for a Taxpayer Identification Number.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Unlike a Social Security Number, this should be available without respect to visa status.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Remember, many people living overseas are invested in American securities.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Speaking of which, you may find something like a Schwab International account fits your needs, without even needing a US address.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Leave the money in cash; ignore investing in the US markets (unless you want to).",
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0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/42226/Andrew Lazarus",
"score": 0
}
}
] | {
"question": "I am not a US citizen and want to visit USA as a tourist. Since withdrawing money from my home-country bank account will cost much, it is better to open an new bank account in US (after arriving) and transfer some money from my home-country bank account to it. The money is not too much, less than 50 thousand us dollars. Can foreigners holding US tourist visa create a bank account in USA?",
"title": "Can foreigners holding US tourist visa create a bank account in USA?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<united-states><bank-account><international><non-resident>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/7666",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/3318/LaTeX"
} | 4_43 | [
[
"It depends on the bank. You will probably have to visit several banks, but you should be able to open an account without an SSN.",
"It is generally believed that yes, you can open a bank account in the US as a foreigner, but the exact answer will largely depend on the bank and your personal circumstances."
]
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"The exact answer will depend on the bank and your personal situation.",
"It is generally believed that yes, you can open a US bank account as a foreigner."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Index funds may invest either in index components directly or in other instruments (like ETFs, index options, futures, etc.)",
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"text": "which are highly correlated with the index.",
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"text": "The specific fund prospectus or description on any decent financial site should contain these details.",
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"text": "Index funds are not actively managed, but that does not mean they aren't managed at all - if index changes and the fund includes specific stock, they would adjust the fund content.",
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"text": "Of course, the downside of it is that selling off large amounts of certain stock (on its low point, since it's being excluded presumably because of its decline) and buying large amount of different stock (on its raising point) may have certain costs, which would cause the fund lag behind the index.",
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"text": "Usually the difference is not overly large, but it exists.",
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"text": "Investing in the index contents directly involves more transactions - which the fund distributes between members, so it doesn't usually buy individually for each member but manages the portfolio in big chunks, which saves costs.",
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"text": "Of course, the downside is that it can lag behind the index if it's volatile.",
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"text": "Also, in order to buy specific shares, you will have to shell out for a number of whole share prices - which for a big index may be a substantial sum and won't allow you much flexibility (like \"I want to withdraw half of my investment in S&P 500\") since you can't usually own 1/10 of a share.",
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"text": "With index funds, the entry price is usually quite low and increments in which you can add or withdraw funds are low too.",
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"answer_details": {
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"sents": [
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"text": "Why not figure out the % composition of the index and invest in the participating securities directly?",
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"text": "This isn't really practical.",
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"text": "Two indices I use follow the Russell 2000 and the S&P 500",
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"text": "Those two indices represent 2500 stocks.",
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"text": "A $4 brokerage commission per trade would mean that it would cost me $10,000 in transaction fees to buy a position in 2500 stocks.",
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"text": "Not to mention, I don't want to track 2500 investments.",
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"text": "Index funds provide inexpensive diversity.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/815/Alex B",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Index funds are good for diversifying risk.",
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"text": "For people who don't have a large sum of money to invest, holding all the different types of stocks in the index is both very expensive and not practical because you incur too many transaction costs.",
"label": [
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"text": "For an index funds, the main advantages are that costs are pooled, and investors can invest a smaller amount that they would if they bought all the different stocks individually.",
"label": [
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"text": "Naturally, if you wanted to figure out the percentage composition of the index and invest directly it would be possible, albeit tedious.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Beatrice does a good job of summarizing things.",
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"text": "Tracking the index yourself is expensive (transaction costs) and tedious (number of transactions, keeping up with the changes, etc.)",
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"text": "One of the points of using an index fund is to reduce your workload.",
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"text": "Diversification is another point, though that depends on the indexes that you decide to use.",
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"text": "That said, even with a relatively narrow index you diversify in that segment of the market.",
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"text": "A point I'd like to add is that the management which occurs for an index fund is not exactly \"active.\"",
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"text": "The decisions on which stocks to select are already made by the maintainers of the index.",
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"text": "Thus, the only management that has to occur involves the trades required to mimic the index.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "when the index is altered to include new players/exclude old ones, the fund also adjusts The largest and (I would say) most important index funds are whole-market funds, like \"all-world-ex-US\", or VT \"Total World Stock\", or \"All Japan\".",
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"text": "(And similarly for bonds, REITS, etc.)",
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"text": "So companies don't leave or enter these indexes very often, and when they do (by an initial offering or bankruptcy)",
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"text": "it is often at a pretty small value.",
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"text": "Some older indices like the DJIA are a bit more arbitrary but these are generally not things that index funds would try to match.",
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"text": "More narrow sector or country indices can have more of this effect, and I believe some investors have made a living from index arbitrage.",
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"text": "However well run index funds don't need to just blindly play along with this.",
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"text": "You need to remember that an index fund doesn't need to hold precisely every company in the index, they just need to sample such that they will perform very similarly to the index.",
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"text": "The 500th-largest company in the S&P 500 is not likely to have all that much of an effect on the overall performance of the index, and it's likely to be fairly correlated to other companies in similar sectors, which are also covered by the index.",
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"text": "So if there is a bit of churn around the bottom of the index, it doesn't necessarily mean the fund needs to be buying and selling on each transition.",
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"text": "If I recall correctly it's been shown that holding about 250 stocks gives you a very good match with the entire US stock market.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1992/poolie",
"score": 3
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}
] | {
"question": "Does an index fund comprise of stocks that mimic the index? So when the index is altered to include new players/exclude old ones, the fund also adjusts? But how can this be, since index funds are not actively managed? And if the index fund just mimics the index, why bother investing in the fund? Why not figure out the % composition of the index and invest in the participating securities directly?",
"title": "Is there any benefit to investing in an index fund?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<investing><asset-allocation><index-fund>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/7759",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2991/Victor123"
} | 4_44 | [
[
"One of the reasons for using an index fund is to reduce your workload. The costs are pooled and investors can buy smaller amounts. They are also good for diversifying risk. ",
"The main benefit of index funds is that they have lower associated costs and are easier to manage. They also diversify risk. The funds adjust because they are managed, albeit not actively, and it would be possible to invest in participating securities individually, but this would be considered quite tedious."
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"Investing in an index fund generally involves less cost and is easier to manage.",
"A benefit of index funds is that they diversify risk.",
"Index funds are managed, just not in the same way as other funds.",
"You could calculate the percentage composition of the index and invest in individual participants but this would be very tedious."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The problem with commodities is that they don't produce income.",
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"text": "With a stock or bond, even if you never sold it to anyone or it wasn't publicly traded, you know you can collect the money the company makes or collect interest.",
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"text": "That's a quantifiable income from the security.",
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"text": "By computing the present value of that income (cf. http://blog.ometer.com/2007/08/26/money-math/ ) you can have at least a rough sense of the value of the stock or bond investment.",
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"text": "Commodities, on the other hand, eat income (insurance and storage).",
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"text": "Their value comes from their practical uses e.g. in manufacturing (which eventually results in income for someone); and from psychological factors.",
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"text": "The psychological factors are inherently unpredictable.",
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"text": "Demand due to practical uses should keep up with inflation, since in principle the prices on whatever products you make from the commodity would keep up with inflation.",
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"text": "But even here there's a danger, because it may be that over time some popular uses for a given commodity become obsolete.",
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"text": "For example this commodity used to be a bigger deal than now, I guess: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankincense .",
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"text": "The reverse is also possible, that new uses for a commodity drive up demand and prices.",
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"text": "To the extent that metals such as silver and gold bounce around wildly (much more so than inflation), I find it hard to believe the bouncing is mostly due to changes in uses of the metals.",
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"text": "It seems far more likely that it's due to psychological factors and momentum traders.",
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"text": "To me this makes metals a speculative investment, and identifying a bubble in metals is even harder than identifying one in income-producing assets that can more easily be valued.",
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"text": "To identify a bubble you have to figure out what will go on in the minds of a horde of other people, and when.",
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"text": "It seems safest for individual investors to just assume commodities are always in a bubble and stay away.",
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"text": "The one arguable reason to own commodities is to treat them as a random bouncing number, which may enhance returns (as long as you rebalance) even if on average commodities don't make money over inflation.",
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"text": "This is what people are saying when they suggest owning a small slice of commodities as part of an asset allocation.",
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"text": "If you do this you have to be careful not to expect to make money on the commodities themselves, i.e. they are just something to sell some of (rebalance out of) whenever they've happened to go up a lot.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1829/Havoc P",
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"sents": [
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"text": "How I recognize a silver bubble: It seems like everyone is talking about their latest silver investment.",
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"text": "This is similar to tech stocks in the '90s and real estate in the '00s.",
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"text": "Your plumber is talking about how he is making a fortune in silver.",
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"text": "Your brother-in-law is talking abouthow is making a fortune in silver.",
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"text": "New investment products are beingannounced almost daily offering differentways to invest in silver - indexes,etf's, mining companies,securitization products, etc.",
"label": [
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"text": "Many investors talk about how youcan't go wrong with silver.",
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},
{
"text": "It's a\"no-brainer\".",
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"text": "I don't think silver is in a bubble.",
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{
"text": "You",
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{
"text": "state:",
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{
"text": "What goes up, must come down",
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{
"text": "I'm not sure I agree with this.",
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"text": "Yes, prices fluctuate.",
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"text": "But most prices generally go up over time due to inflation - somethings more than others.",
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"text": "Was coffee in a bubble in early 2005?",
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"text": "If you thought so then you would have missed this: Was gold in a bubble in Argentina in 2001?",
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},
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"text": "If you thought so then you would have missed this (sorry for the mismatching chart scales): Was gold in a bubble in Weimar in 1922?",
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"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "If you thought so then you would have missed this: Maybe US farmland is in a bubble since prices are rising rather dramatically.",
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},
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"text": "I don't think it is in a bubble since I rarely hear anyone talking about investing in farmland:",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1229/Muro",
"score": 12
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "@fennec is right, no one knows.",
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},
{
"text": "Here's a link that may help: http://pragcap.com/silver-prices-display-some-bubbly-characteristics",
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{
"text": "I don't follow markets enough to comment, but I have read enough of Cullen's stuff to know he's not off his rocker.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "If markets were perfectly efficient, the price should reflect everything that is currently known about the future of a commodity.",
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"text": "If it is known that silver is currently under-valued, then investors would be buying it -- driving the price up.",
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},
{
"text": "Conversely, if silver is currently over-valued, then investors would be selling and the price would be going down.",
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"text": "Added to that is emotion.",
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{
"text": "If the price is currently trending up, then people expect it to keep going up, and the price continues to rise.",
"label": [
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"text": "Until enough people think it can't go any higher and start selling, which drives the price down.",
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],
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{
"text": "Since this is driven by emotion, it cannot be predicted when this will happen.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1119/KeithB",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "In my opinion, you're in a precious metals \"bubble\" when rising prices are driven by the people's desire",
"label": [
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],
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],
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{
"text": "the own the commodity without a reason other than \"the market is going up\".",
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},
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"text": "Usually \"bubble\" markets are fueled by lots of debt.",
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{
"text": "IMO, this isn't a bubble.",
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{
"text": "I don't think that silver and gold values are shooting up like a rocket due to some orgy of speculation.",
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},
{
"text": "In my opinion, citizens are losing faith in the government and in the value of money itself.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "If you have money to save, most banks pay less than 1%.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
},
{
"text": "The government claims that inflation is nonexistant -- the inflation rate on a US Series",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "I",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "Savings Bond was 0.37% in November 2010.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Yet most people are noticing escalations in price in things that dominate their budget -- fuel, healthcare, local taxes and food.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I bought a pound of store-brand butter for $3.99 yesterday...",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "that was $0.99 4-5 years ago.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "People are seeing precious metals as a way to hedge against that.",
"label": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "They're rational about it -- trying to protect assets is different than speculation.",
"label": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "I think the question to ask is: \"Is the US Dollar's value a bubble?\"",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1288/duffbeer703",
"score": 2
}
}
] | {
"question": "What signs are there of a bubble in silver (or other precious metal)? I was planning on buying some small quantity of silver soon, but I noticed the price has doubled recently and thought \"what goes up, must come down\". How can I tell whether the new price is a trend, or whether it's a bubble soon to burst?",
"title": "What would be the signs of a bubble in silver?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<silver><precious-metals><bubble>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/7938",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/312/C. Ross"
} | 4_45 | [
[
"Many investors talk about how you can't go wrong with silver. However, if it seems that everyone is talking about silver, then it's probably a bubble.",
"Signs of a bubble are generally considered to be the constant mention of the phenomenon by investors and normal people alike."
]
] | {
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false
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} | [
0
] | [
[
"Signs of a bubble are generally considered to be the constant mention of the phenomenon by investors and normal people alike."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "If crossing out an endorsement of \"For Deposit Only\" were valid, then there would be no point in writing \"For Deposit Only\" on a check.",
"label": [
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],
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1
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "The direction only works because there is no way to 'undo' the change.",
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{
"text": "You are essentially saying, I don't care what happens, this check can ONLY be deposited and not cashed.",
"label": [
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],
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{
"text": "This is to protect you in case the check gets lost or stolen.",
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],
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{
"text": "If initials validated changing this directive, the protection the endorsement gives would no longer work.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "The store made the correct choice.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/826/Michael Pryor",
"score": 12
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Personally, I would want the grocery store to respond that way.",
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "The practice of writing \"For Deposit Only\" is a means to prevent someone from cashing your check subsequent to you signing the check.",
"label": [
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"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "The implication being that it would be an unauthorized individual.",
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],
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{
"text": "Initials are much easier to fake/forge than a signature.",
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{
"text": "So crossing out the phrase \"For Deposit Only\" and initialing is a means of subverting the intent of the intended payee.",
"label": [
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"label_summ": [
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"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "In other words, someone could pick up your check off the street and use this method to cash it.",
"label": [
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"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "With that said, one would think the grocery store would be more willing to cash it if your wife presented ID.",
"label": [
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{
"text": "Nevertheless I would say once the phrase is written it might as well be written in stone.",
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{
"text": "Does anyone know some sort of statute regarding this?",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2890/Stainsor",
"score": 6
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"sents": [
{
"text": "The fact - check signing is often overlooked at banks.",
"label": [
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"text": "My local bank asks me for ID when I cash a check.",
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{
"text": "They cash my check for my wife with no ID.",
"label": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "(Maybe I look untrustworthy?)",
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Stories of people signing their check \"mickey mouse\" and having it go through are common.",
"label": [
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "But - this isn't really about banks or rules.",
"label": [
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{
"text": "The grocer accepts 3rd party checks at their discretion.",
"label": [
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],
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{
"text": "They don't have to accept checks at all.",
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{
"text": "So it's up to the store how they'd handle a situation as you described.",
"label": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "They did nothing wrong, except perhaps annoy a good customer.",
"label": [
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"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "To avoid confusion in the future, write checks payable directly to the store and all will be well.",
"label": [
0
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"cluster_id": [
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/187/JTP - Apologise to Monica",
"score": 4
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "See the related discussion on the question How to correct a mistake made when writing a check?",
"label": [
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"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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},
{
"text": "Its advisable that you will have to write a new check.",
"label": [
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1113/Dheer",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "According to the National Check Fraud Center: Section 3-206:",
"label": [
0
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},
{
"text": "If the back of the check says it is For deposit only, then has the signature of the payee, that is a restrictive indorsement and it should be observed, but the person who affixed that indorsement can waive it.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "If Webster takes a check payable to him and indorses it \"For deposit only, Webster\", when he comes to the bank he can change his mind and get cash instead.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "On the other hand, if Webster indorses the check \"For deposit only, Webster\" and gives it to Ryan to take to the bank, Ryan does not have the authority to waive the indorsement.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Source of quote",
"label": [
0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/15143/Juan Lopez",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "My wife endorsed a small check \"For Deposit Only\". Then, she crossed the endorsement out, and initialed it. The grocery store refused the check, saying once it's endorsed for deposit only, the bank won't accept it even though For Deposit Only is canceled. Is this right?",
"title": "Can a \"For Deposit Only\" endorsement on a check be changed (canceled) by initialing?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<banking><check><endorsement>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/8301",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/3608/Eamon Brenn"
} | 4_46 | [
[
"This is a restrictive endorsement and should be observed. You can't cancel it by crossing it out.",
"No, a check endorsement cannot be cancelled by initialling and the store made the correct decision in this case."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
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] | [
[
"No, an endorsement for a check cannot be cancelled by initialling.",
"The store made the correct decision in this case."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "CashBase has a web app, an iPhone app and an Android app, all sync'ed up.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "It doesn't integrate with banks automatically, but you can import bank statements as CSV.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Disclosure: Filip is CashBase's founder.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/3804/Filip",
"score": 5
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "neobudget.com is a website that does exactly what you are describing.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "It is set up for electronically using the envelope system of budgeting.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Disclosure: neobudget was founded by a former coworker of mine.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2640/David Oneill",
"score": 3
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "MoneyStrands is a site very similar to Mint, but does not force you to link bank accounts.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "You can create manual accounts and use all features of the site without linking to banks.",
"label": [
0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/921/Slavo",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "SavingsMap is a web-based personal finance forecasting tool that requires no bank account or personal information other than an email address.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "As founder of SavingsMap, our goal is to forecast future cash flows based on your current budget, while using strategies to minimize US tax obligations and taking into account expected major life events.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/7675/SavingsMap",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I don't think Xero Personal does.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "I have my bank account in there, but since there's no automatic feed for the bank I use",
"label": [
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{
"text": "I imported it manually.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "I entered the bank by hand, so I think you could use it without listing a bank account at all.",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/3628/Mariette Knoblauch",
"score": 1
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "PocketSmith is another tool you might like to consider.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "No personal banking details are required, but you can upload your transactions in a variety of formats.",
"label": [
0
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Pocketsmith is interesting because it really focus on your future cash flow, and the main feature of the interface is around having a calendar(s) where you easily enter one off or repetitive expenses/income. http://www.pocketsmith.com/",
"label": [
0
],
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],
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/4274/Simon",
"score": 1
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Out Of The Dark OOTD is a budgeting and personal money management web app that does not require you to give out access to your bank accounts or even your personal identity.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "It's a great tool for people with no financial experience with features like Cash Put-Aside and the Credit Card Debt Terminator and it has tons of instant guides explaining how to use every feature.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "You can check it out at myootd.org.",
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],
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/6629/Hareiana",
"score": 0
}
}
] | {
"question": "I realize that similar questions have been raised, especially regarding Mint and Quicken Online, but my question is this: Is there web-based personal finance software that does not require you to register an online bank account within the software? I really want the ability to do personal finance online, without having to reveal any personal or bank information at all to the service. I'm pretty sure Quicken and Mint require an online institution \"so they can make things convenient for you,\" but I don't trust anybody that much.",
"title": "Is there any online personal finance software without online banking?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<software><online-tools>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/8587",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/3478/Ash Machine"
} | 4_47 | [
[
"There are several apps like this: CashBase, neobudget, Moneystrands and Savingsmap that don't require you to link bank accounts.",
"There are a wide range of financial programmes that don't require online banking, such as CashBase, neobudget, MoneyStrands or PocketSmith."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
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] | [
[
"There are a wide range of financial programmes that don't require online banking, such as CashBase, neobudget, MoneyStrands or PocketSmith."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "While a lot of trading is executed by computers, a substantial amount is still done at the behest of humans.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "Brokers managing accounts, Portfolio Managers, and Managers of Mutual Funds doing stock picks etc.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Those folks are still initiating a very large number of the trades (or at least one side of a trade).",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "And those humans don't work 7 days a week.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "it's not just computers talking to computers at the behest of other computers.",
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},
{
"text": "And even a lot of places that use computers to create models and such, there are still humans in the loop to ensure that the computers are not ordering something stupid to be done.",
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"text": "I personally worked for a firm that managed nearly $20Billion in stock portfolios.",
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"text": "The portfolios were designed to track indexes, or a mix of indexes and actively managed funds, but with the addition of managing for tax efficiency.",
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"text": "A lot of complex math and complicated 'solver' programs that figured out each day what if anything to trade in each portfolio.",
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"text": "Despite all those computers, humans still reviewed all the trades to be sure they made sense.",
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"text": "And those humans only worked 5 days a week.",
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{
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"text": "\"After-hours trading\" and alternate venues allow one to trade outside of regular market hours.",
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"text": "However there are a few reasons why you would not want to: The purpose of an exchange is to improve liquidity by gathering all buyers and sellers in the same place at the same time.",
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"text": "If trading was 24/7, not all market participants would be trading at the same time.",
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"text": "Some markets (including NASDAQ) depend on market makers or specialists to help liquidity.",
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"text": "These exchanges are able to mandate that the market maker actively make a market in a security during a meaningful percentage of the trading day.",
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"text": "Requiring 24/7 active market making may not be reasonable.",
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"text": "Trading systems, meaning both exchange infrastructure and market participant infrastructure, need maintenance time.",
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"text": "It's nice to have the evenings and weekends for scheduled work. Post-trade clearing and settlement procedures are still somewhat manual at times.",
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"text": "You need staff around to handle these processes.",
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{
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"text": "The answer is 7-fold: Prior to 1928, the stock market was open on Saturdays, but not Sundays ...",
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"text": "the Sunday closings were out of religious respect, and the fact that in those days most Americans lived on farms, and had to give their horses a day of rest or they would die ...",
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"text": "so everybody took Sundays off.",
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"text": "During 1928 & 1929, as the stock market was in its \"bubble phase\", many Saturdays were taken off to allow exchange staff to catch up on their paperwork.",
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"text": "For months after the stock market crash of late 1929, Saturdays were taken off to allow exchange staff to catch up on their paperwork ...",
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"text": "this time led by selling pressures.",
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"text": "In the early 1930's, Saturdays began to be given off more often due to light trading volume, another result of the Crash and Great Depression.",
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"text": "From the 4th of July 1945 through Labor Day Sep 1945, the stock market was closed all Saturdays ... since Victory in Europe was May 8th, 1945, and Victory in Japan was Aug 14, 1945, this probably also had the celebratory impact of wanting to close that summer starting with Independence Day.",
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"text": "Then, for many summers after that into the 1950's, the stock market was closed all Saturdays from Memorial Day through Labor Day ...",
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"text": "This begins to blend in the concept of, in general, society just wanting a shorter work week.",
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"text": "In the 1950's, the stock market began closing every Saturday ... continuing this societal desire.",
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"text": "BOTTOM LINES : Bubble; bursting bubble; Great Depression; Victory in WWII; All work and no play makes Jack (& Jill) very dull persons.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "The stock markets are closed on week-ends and public holidays because the Banks are closed.",
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"text": "The Banking is a must to settle the payment obligations.",
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"text": "So you may buy and sell as much as you wish, but unless money changes hands, nothing has really happened.",
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"text": "Now as to why Banking itself is closed on week-ends and public holidays, well a different question :) Keeping the system 24 hrs up and running does not actually push volumes, but definately push expenses for brokers, Banks etc.",
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{
"text": "There definately is some convinience to buyers and sellers.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "There are a number of factors here.",
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"text": "1)",
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"text": "It's important that there is human oversight on the system.",
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"text": "At one level someone needs to be monitoring the computers that manage the trading to be sure they are functioning.",
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"text": "At another level someone needs to be making judgement calls on important but rare events: when you you suspend trading in a stock?",
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"text": "When do you close the stock exchange entirely?",
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"text": "It is alleged that unsupervised computer trades were at least partly responsible for the May 2010 selloff.",
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"text": "Even if that's unproven, would you really want those unsupervised computers trading with each other for a couple of days?",
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"text": "Or even for a couple of hours?",
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"text": "2)",
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"text": "Providing 24/7 trading would increase the cost of running a stock exchange, but with only a tiny improvement in liquidity.",
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"text": "3)",
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"text": "If the stock exchange ran 24/7 then traders would have to run 24/7.",
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"text": "That would add hugely to the cost of trading.",
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"text": "4)",
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"text": "The people who would really suffer would be day traders - because there would no longer be such a thing as a day trader.",
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"text": "If you were a sole trader then you would need to monitor your investments 24/7, or risk waking up in the morning to find one of your stocks had plummeted overnight.",
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"sents": [
{
"text": "Simply, most of the above given 'answers' are mere 'justifications' for a practice that has become anachronistic.",
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"text": "It did make sense once in the past, but not any more.",
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"text": "Computers and networks can run non-stop 24/7; even though the same human beings cannot be expected to work 24/7, we have invented the beautiful concept of multiple shifts; banks may be closed during nights and weekends, but banking is never closed in the internet era; ...The answer must lie in the vested interests of a few stakeholder groups - or - it could just be our difficult to change habits.",
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}
] | {
"question": "It's all digital and done with computers these days, so why bother? Doesn't that just make the system less liquid, which is the opposite to one aim of having the stock market? Plus can't you just play the futures market after hours anyway?",
"title": "Why is the stock market closed on the weekend?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<stocks><stock-markets>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/8950",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1508/Joe.E"
} | 4_49 | [
[
"A lot of the work is still done by humans. They have an oversight role. The banks are closed on weekends so it makes no sense for the stock market to stay open.",
"It is generally considered that the stock market is closed at the weekend because some human oversight is required, even if it is minimal. However, some people would consider that this is simply an old-fashioned habit and not justified. Additionally, the stock markets may simply be closed at the weekend because the banks are too. Despite all this, it is still possible to trade after-hours."
]
] | {
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[
"The stock market is closed at weekends because at least some human oversight is required despite the extent to which the market is controlled by computers.",
"Some people would argue that this is simply an old-fashioned habit that is proving difficult to shake.",
"It is possible that the stock markets are closed at the weekend because banks are closed at the weekends.",
"It is possible to trade after-hours."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "When you operate outside of the law, you bear the risks of that decision.",
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"text": "When you operate within the law, you have a number of avenues, such as the courts and police to mediate disputes or other problems.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1288/duffbeer703",
"score": 45
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "If you get counterfeit money, then you're dealing with the criminal who is going to be punished by the law for doing that.",
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"text": "The portion of the total sum that was paid with the counterfeit currency is considered unpaid and you can claim the money from the criminal and sue him, while he's in jail.",
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{
"text": "He'll work hard on those license plates to pay you off.",
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"text": "However, making false statements and assisting in a tax evasion scheme compromises your ability to go to the law enforcement in case of any wrongdoing, and then you should worry about the counterfeit money, because the law won't be on your side to help you.",
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{
"text": "And you don't even get anything out of it...",
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{
"text": "Why on earth are you willing to take this risk?",
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"text": "Just so you know, it may also be money laundering, which may get you in trouble even more with the law.",
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I'd not do business under these terms.",
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{
"text": "A bill of sale needs a signature, right?",
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"text": "Your signature is your word, and your word is your bond.",
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"text": "I wouldn't participate in such a fraud, nor would I accept this sum of cash, who knows its origins?",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/187/JTP - Apologise to Monica",
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{
"sents": [
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"text": "I'd worry more about falsifying documents of sale.",
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{
"text": "No good reason at all to do that.",
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},
{
"text": "Detecting counterfeit bills is easy if they're all new bills.",
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},
{
"text": "Hold them up to the light and look for the watermark and the numbered tape in the bill.",
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"text": "Refuse any bad ones.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/414/mbhunter",
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I'd be a bit concerned about someone who wanted to transact that large of a transaction in cash.",
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{
"text": "Also consider what you are going to do with the funds, if you deposit it, you will need to tell the bank where it comes from.",
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"text": "Why does the bank want to know, because most legal businesses don't transact business with large sums of currency..",
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"text": "What does that tell you about the likelihood the person you are about to do business with is a criminal or involved in criminal affairs?",
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{
"text": "The lower bill of sale price might be more than just to dodge taxes, it could be part of money laundering..",
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{
"text": "If they can turn right around and 'sell' the boat for $10K, or trade it in on a bigger boat for the same amount, and have a bill than says $4K, then they have just come up with a legal explanation for how they made 6 grand.",
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"text": "and you could potentially be considered an accomplice if someone is checking up on their finances.",
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{
"text": "Really, is it worth the risk.",
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],
"answer_details": {
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{
"sents": [
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"text": "Paying tax is a Good Thing.",
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},
{
"text": "However, warren has made good point",
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{
"text": "and I would like you to consider this other thing: Go into your payees bank with the payee, get the money withdrawn from the teller and take it with you.",
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{
"text": "Unless I am missing something, or the teller handed your payee fake notes, you are \"safe\"",
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The only issue I can see is that the stranger is looking to undervalue their purchase to save money on taxes/registration (if applicable in your state).",
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},
{
"text": "Buying items with cash such as cars, boats, etc in the used market isn't all that uncommon * - I've done it several times (though not at the 10k mark, more along about half of that).",
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{
"text": "As to the counterfeit issue, there are a couple avenues you can pursue to verify the money is real:",
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},
{
"text": "marker pens (used by stores a lot of time even on 20s) UV scanning not signing the title over until the money has been deposited at your bank alternatively, putting the title in escrow for the time it takes to make the deposit",
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],
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},
{
"text": "/ have the bank verify the funds",
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"text": "this could be as simple as doing the purchase in the bank parking lot, walk inside, make deposit, sign title to buyer",
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"text": "*",
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"text": "it's the preferred means of payment advocated by some prominent personal financial folks, including Dave Ramsey",
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"text": "I would not do a bill of sale for less, but a legal and safe way to reduce the taxes is to write separate bills for the boat, motor and trailer.",
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"text": "The taxes are paid at different rates and will represent to full sale price.",
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"question": "I'm selling a boat through a broker (a friend of a friend) taking a consignment. The buyers offered to pay in cash, but want the bill of sale to say less than the actual price for tax reasons. Should I worry about counterfeiting if it is such a large amount? Or should I worry more?",
"title": "If accepting more than $10K in cash for a used boat, should I worry about counterfeiting?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<cash><selling><used-goods>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/9250",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/4046/Boater"
} | 5_0 | [
[
"You should be aware you would be falsifying the documents which could get you into trouble. In addition to that, it could be money laundering and you would need to be able to prove to your bank where all this cash has come from.",
"The lower bill of sale may be due to money laundering, which will get you into trouble for falsifying documents of sale. When you deposit the money, you will also need to tell the bank where it has come from. There is also the risk that the money may be counterfeit. You can detect counterfeit bills by holding them up to the light and looking for the watermark and number or mark them with pens."
]
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[
"If you receive counterfeit money, you are probably dealing with a criminal and I would also worry about falsifying documents of sale.",
"The lower bill of sale may be money laundering, which will get you into trouble.",
"You can detect counterfeit bills by holding them up to the light and looking for the watermark and number tape. You can also use marker pens.",
"Also consider what you are going to do with the funds, if you deposit it, you will need to tell the bank where it comes from. "
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
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"text": "The volatility of a commodity typically depends on how volatile is demand and how flexible is supply.",
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"text": "In the case of oil, it is more volatile than in the past because most of the spare capacity from OPEC has been taken out of the system.",
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"text": "Commodities whose demand responds similarly to economic shocks but with much greater excess supply, such as natural gas in the United States, are considerably less volatile, although a few years ago when supplies of nat gas were tight in the US, volatility of nat gas was greater than volatility of oil.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Any number of reasons.",
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"text": "Technically, large positions being bought/sold in the market can trigger others to follow.",
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"text": "Fundamentally, disruptions in supply can trigger uncertainty or volatility in the markets, especially with oil.",
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"text": "A good chunk of the world's oil is in places that doesn't have the best track record for peace and prosperity, shall we say?",
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"text": "But even under the best of times, a hurricane can take out refining capacity and the price can spike up.",
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"text": "As for other commodities, there are other things",
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"text": "can can disrupt supply: crop failure, flooding, mines collapsing, the works.",
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"text": "Prices are driven by the demand for a commodity and the availability of that commodity.",
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"text": "For some commodities, projecting demand is easy or irrelevant.",
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"text": "Take gravel as an example...",
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"text": "if I order 50 tons of gravel, I find a supplier who send me whatever is in his warehouse and if this is insufficient, he digs it out of a quarry and puts it on a truck.",
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"text": "No big deal -- the cost of generating more supply is low.",
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"text": "(as is the cost of holding excess inventory...",
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"text": "rocks don't go bad!)",
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"text": "Lettuce is a little more complicated.",
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"text": "Based on past orders and growth trends, you can pretty easily gauge demand.",
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"text": "The trick is, delivering the supply...",
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"text": "all sort of things like weather, bugs, disease can disrupt my ability to send you sufficient lettuce.",
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"text": "The cost of getting additional supply is moderate -- I just truck in lettuce from California.",
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"text": "Gasoline is tougher because demand shifts based on season and price elasticity.",
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"text": "And the supply chain is very long...",
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"text": "I live in NY, so most of my gas comes via a drill rig in Saudi Arabia or the Gulf to a refinery in New Jersey to a tank farm along the Hudson River to my local gas station.",
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"text": "At any point in that chain, a critical path issue can result in a supply constraint or overage, and those problems have cascading effects on price.",
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"text": "So to answer your question, the price is volitile because there is alot of demand, a complex supply chain as well as a number of independent variables (currency exchange rates, weather, etc) that can affect the price.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Prices and volatility for a commodity are driven by changes in supply and demand, more often the latter, since supplies are usually \"fixed\" in the short term.",
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"text": "Oil is a particularly volatile commodity because it is genuinely critical to so many things, transportation, manufacturing, electric power, etc.",
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"text": "Because of this fact, it has numerous parties (\"agents,\" in economic language) monitoring available supplies.",
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"text": "This includes whole governments, that sometimes build up strategic petroleum reserves.",
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"text": "Because of the involvement of so many parties (actual and potential), trading in oil is a \"crowded\" trade, which produces volatility.",
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"text": "Imagine the back and forths of a bunch of people at a party in a crowded room.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/3860/Tom Au",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Could speculation make an item more volatile?",
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"text": "Speculation actually reduces volatility.",
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"text": "Speculators purchase an item believing that the price of the item will go up in the future.",
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"text": "The speculator is predicting either increased demand or decreased supply.",
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"text": "When the price does go up the speculator sells the item.",
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"text": "By selling the item at the higher price the speculator increases the supply of the item into the market and the price of the item will not rise as fast due to the additional supply of the item supplied by the speculator.",
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"text": "In this way speculators reduce volatility.",
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"text": "Why is oil more volatile?",
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"text": "First, the unit of measure must be taken into account.",
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"text": "Oil priced in US dollars is much more volatile than oil priced in gold.",
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"text": "This is due to the rapidly changing value and demand for the US dollar (USD).",
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"text": "The chart below shows the volatility of oil priced in US dollars versus the volatility of oil priced in gold.",
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"text": "The standard deviation of the price in USDs is around 29 while the deviation when priced in gold is 0.015.",
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"text": "Secondly, some of the major oil producing countries have stopped, or attempted to stop, accepting US dollars for oil.",
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"text": "Iraq in 2000 , and Iran in 2009 .",
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"text": "This increases volatility (in USDs)",
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"text": "since buyers must quickly dump some of their USDs in an attempt to obtain some euros to purchase oil from these major producers.",
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"text": "Thirdly, destroying the infrastructure used for oil production can cause significant disruptions in the supply of oil which will increase volatility.",
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"score": 1
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}
] | {
"question": "Why are the prices of some commodities (e.g. oil) more volatile than others?",
"title": "Why are the prices of some commodities (e.g. oil) more volatile than others?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<markets><commodities><price><volatility>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/9293",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2991/Victor123"
} | 5_1 | [
[
"The volatility of prices depends on supply and demand. Any disruptions in supply can cause a cascading effect on price. ",
"Prices and volatility for a commodity are driven by changes in supply and demand. Having a complex supply chain, as well as a number of independent variables such as currency exchange rates, weather, etc. can also affect the price, as well as destroying the infrastructure used for oil production. Because of the involvement of so many parties (actual and potential), trading in oil is a \"crowded\" trade, which produces volatility, as does speculation. Oil priced in US dollars is much more volatile than oil priced in gold. "
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"Prices and volatility for a commodity are driven by changes in supply and demand. When demand responds similarly to economic shocks but with much greater excess supply, they are considerably less volatile. Having a complex supply chain, as well as a number of independent variables such as currency exchange rates, weather, etc. can also affect the price.",
"Disruptions in supply can trigger uncertainty or volatility in the markets, especially with oil. ",
"Because of the involvement of so many parties (actual and potential), trading in oil is a \"crowded\" trade, which produces volatility.",
"Speculators purchase an item believing that the price of the item will go up in the future and by selling the item at the higher price, the speculator increases the supply of the item into the market and the price of the item will not rise as fast due to the additional supply of the item supplied by the speculator. ",
"Oil priced in US dollars is much more volatile than oil priced in gold. ",
"Destroying the infrastructure used for oil production can cause significant disruptions in the supply of oil which will increase volatility. "
]
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[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Borrowing to invest is almost always a bad idea.",
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"text": "You'd have to take out an unsecured loan, which has a higher interest rate, or a secured loan and put at risk whatever you are securing the loan with.",
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"text": "You need some means to make payments on the loan, or if interest is being added to the balance then take the compounding effect into account with regards to the cost of the money and how much you will really end up owning.",
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"text": "In order to come out ahead you need to 'invest' in something that will yield a return that is higher than the cost of borrowing the money, such high yields always come with higher risk, meaning that you will actually GET that return is less and less of a sure thing..",
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"text": "so now you are talking about the 'chance' to make money, Or a chance your 'investment' could fail, perhaps badly.",
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"text": "Meaning you could well do nothing but end up in debt with little to nothing to show for it.",
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"text": "If someone claims to have a 'sure thing' and is encouraging you to borrow money to invest in it, I'd be checking their back for a fin and remembering the lyrics \"when the shark bites ...",
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"text": "scarlet billows start to spread\"",
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"answer_details": {
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"score": 13
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"sents": [
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"text": "The question should read: \"Borrow huge money for speculating\".",
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"text": "This is a bad idea on many levels.",
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"text": "The lowest rates available will be from time-limited credit card offers, followed by broker margin accounts.",
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"text": "Personal loans are going to be higher.",
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"text": "My advice: if you insist on throwing your money away, go to Vegas with $40k.",
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"text": "At least you'll get some complimentary food and drink.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "If you are looking for money to speculate in the capital markets, then your brokers will already lend to you at a MUCH more favorable rate than an outside party will.",
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"text": "For instance, with $4,000 you could EASILY control $40,000 with many brokers, at a 1% interest rate.",
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},
{
"text": "This is 10:1 leverage, much like how US banks operate...",
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"text": "every dollar that you deposit with them, they speculate with 10x as much.",
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{
"text": "Interactive Brokers will do this for you with your current credit score.",
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"text": "They are very reputable and clear through Goldman Sachs, so although reputable is subjective in the investment banking world, you won't have to worry the federal government raiding them or anything.",
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"text": "If you are investing in currencies than you can easily do 50:1 leverage as an American, or 100:1 as anyone else.",
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"text": "This means with only $400 dollars you can control $40,000 account.",
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},
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"text": "If you are investing in the futures market, then there are many many ways to double and triple and quadruple your leverage at the lowest interests rates.",
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},
{
"text": "Any contract you enter into is a loan from the market.",
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"text": "You have to understand, that if you did happen to have $40,000 of your own money, then you could get $4,000,000 account size for speculating, at 1% interest.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Again, these are QUICK ways to lose your money and owe a lot more!",
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],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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]
},
{
"text": "So I'd really advise against it.",
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],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "A margin call in the futures market can destroy you.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I advise you to just think more efficiently until you come up with a way to earn that much money initially, and then speculate.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/4100/RD.",
"score": 4
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Borrow money and start a business.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Follow your business plan and invest in yourself and your entrepreneurship.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If you mean invest in the market, do not borrow money.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "In your plan, you are willing to make payments right?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Take the money you would make as a payment and save it until you have $1000.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Open a Vanguard account Buy into the star fund",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
2
]
]
},
{
"text": "Add your payment money from step 1 to the star fund every month",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Wait",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "until you are of age to retire Retire There are lots of things you can do better, but borrowing money to invest in the market for a couple of years is not one of them.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Investing is boring, saving is boring, and planning your financial future is boring.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "It takes a consistent effort and you aren't going to get rich quick.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/91/MrChrister",
"score": 3
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Have you considered social lending (for example: Lending Club )?",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
3
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2998/littleadv",
"score": 2
}
}
] | {
"question": "Where can I borrow money in the US if I have a good credit (730+)? I have heard community unions a good place to borrow money..but the lowest they could get is 12 percent. Can I borrow from a different place with an interest lower than is...I am interested in the Range of 30k to 40k dollars..and planning to repay them in 16 to 24 months..any ideas are greatly appreciated.",
"title": "Where can I borrow money for investing?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<united-states><investing><banking><loans><borrowing>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/9511",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/4131/Newb"
} | 5_2 | [
[
"If you are looking to borrow for investment, then your broker will lend at a much lower rate than a bank. You could also open a Vanguard account or try social lending.",
"The lowest rates available will be from time-limited credit card offers, followed by broker margin accounts. If you are looking for money to speculate in the capital markets, brokers will lend to you at a much more favorable rate than any outside party, e.g. at a 1% interest rate. You could also consider opening a Vanguard account or buying into the star fund or social lending, e.g. Lending Club."
]
] | {
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[
"The lowest rates available will be from time-limited credit card offers, followed by broker margin accounts.",
"If you are looking for money to speculate in the capital markets, brokers will lend to you at a much more favorable rate than any outside party, e.g. at a 1% interest rate.",
"Open a Vanguard account or buy into the star fund ",
"Social lending (for example: Lending Club )"
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "You must mean the current debt ceiling debacle.",
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"text": "The meaning of it is: US government is constantly borrowing money (by issuing treasury bonds) and constantly repaying some of the bonds that come to maturity, and also has other obligations it has to meet by law all the time - such as Social Security checks, bonds interest, federal employees' salaries and pensions, etc.",
"label": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "By law, total amount of money that can be borrowed at the same time is capped.",
"label": [
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],
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"text": "That means, there can be situation where the government needs to borrow money to pay, say, interest on existing bonds, but can not, since the limit is reached.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "Such situation is called a default, since the government promised to pay the interest, but is unable to do so.",
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},
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"text": "That does not mean the government has no money at all and will completely collapse or couldn't raise money on the market if it were permitted by law to do so (currently, the market is completely willing to buy the debt issued by US government, and with interest that is not very high, though of course that may change).",
"label": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "It also does not mean the economy ceases to function, dollars cease to have value or",
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{
"text": "banks instantly go bankrupt.",
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},
{
"text": "But if the government breaks its promises to investors, it has various consequences such as raising the costs of borrowing in the future.",
"label": [
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"text": "Breaking promises to other people - like Social Security recipients - would also look bad and probably hurt many of them.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "Going back to your bank account, most probably nothing would happen to the money you store there.",
"label": [
1
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "Even if the bank had invested 100% of the money in US treasury bonds (which doesn't really happen)",
"label": [
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],
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},
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"text": "they still can be sold on the open market, even if with some discount in the event of credit rating downgrade, so most probably your account would not be affected.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "As stated in another answer, even if the fallout of all these calamities causes a bank to fail, there's FDIC and if your money is under insured maximums you'll be getting your money back.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
},
{
"text": "But if your bank is one of the big ones, nothing of the sort would happen anyway - as we have seen in the past years, government would do practically anything to not allow any big bank failures.",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2049/StasM",
"score": 15
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},
{
"sents": [
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"text": "In principle, a default will have no effect on your bank account.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "But if the US's credit rating is downgraded, the knock-on effects might cause some more bank failures, and if the debt ceiling is still in place then the FDIC insurance might not be able to pay out immediately.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2325/Mike Scott",
"score": 4
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I have been through default in Ukraine august 1998.",
"label": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "That was a real nightmare.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "The financial system stopped working properly for 1 month, about 30% of businesses went bankrupt because of chain effect, significant inflation and devaluation of currency.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "So, it is better to be prepared, because this type of processes result in unpredictable situation.",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/4214/columbus",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "If you are actually referring to all the political rhetoric and posturing over the debt ceiling issue.",
"label": [
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},
{
"text": "That's a long ways from the US actually defaulting on paying debts.",
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},
{
"text": "A lot of government offices might shut down, but I expect anyone holding US debt to be paid off.",
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},
{
"text": "(they have the printing presses after all)",
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},
{
"text": "If that's what you are referring to, based on the LAST time that the governement had to shut down because they didn't raise the debt ceiling, it won't be a big deal.",
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},
{
"text": "Last time, no debt was defaulted on, a bunch of the less essential government offices shut down for a few days, and the stock market did a collective 'meh' over the whole thing.",
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},
{
"text": "It was basically a non event.",
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},
{
"text": "I've no reason to expect it will be different this time.",
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},
{
"text": "(btw, where were all these republican budget cutters hiding when 10 years ago they started with a nearly balanced budget, and ended up blowing up the national debt by about 80% in 8 years time?",
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{
"text": "(from roughly $6B to $11B)",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "I wish they'd been screaming about the debt as much then as they are now.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "Not that there isn't ample blame to go around, and both sides have not been spending in ways that make a drunken sailor look like the paragon of a fiscal conservative, but to hear nearly any of them tell it, their party had nothing to do with taking us from a balanced budget to the highest burn rate ever while they were in control (with a giant financial crisis through in as pure 'bonus')",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/3924/Chuck van der Linden",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Government default doesn't mean that all US money is immediately worthless.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
},
{
"text": "First, the bondholders will get stiffed.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Following that, interest rates will shoot up (because the US is a bad credit risk at this point) and the government will monetize its ongoing expenses -- i.e., fire up the printing presses.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "If you're concerned about not having access to your money, start pulling out a little extra when you get cash at an ATM.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
2
]
]
},
{
"text": "Build it up over time until you have enough currency to weather through",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "whatever emergency you envision with your bank account.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/414/mbhunter",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "Will I still be able to withdraw from my bank account if the U.S. defaults?",
"title": "If the U.S. defaults on its debt, what will happen to my bank money?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<united-states><bank-account><sovereign-default>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/9807",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/4242/user541686"
} | 5_3 | [
[
"In principle, a default will have no effect on your bank. The knock-on effect of a government default might be banks failing, but even if your bank were to default, your money is still insured by the FDIC. ",
"In principle, a default will have no effect on your bank account or your money stored there. Government default doesn't mean that all US money is immediately worthless. Your money is also insured with FDIC, but if the US's credit rating is downgraded, the knock-on effects might cause more bank failures, and if the debt ceiling is still in place then the FDIC insurance might not be able to pay out immediately. If you're concerned about not having access to your money, start cashing out a little extra whenever you get cash at an ATM. "
]
] | {
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[
"In principle, a default will have no effect on your bank account or your money stored there. Government default doesn't mean that all US money is immediately worthless. ",
"Even if fallout a bank to fail, there's FDIC and if your money is insured so you'll be getting your money back. But if the US's credit rating is downgraded, the knock-on effects might cause more bank failures, and if the debt ceiling is still in place then the FDIC insurance might not be able to pay out immediately.",
" If you're concerned about not having access to your money, start pulling out a little extra when you get cash at an ATM. "
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The power of compounding interest and returns is an amazing thing.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Start educating yourself about investing, and do it -- there are great Q&As on this site, numerous books (I recommend \"The Intelligent Investor\", tools for small investors (like Sharebuilder.com) and other resources out there to get you started.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Your portfolio doesn't need to include every dime you have either.",
"label": [
0
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"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "But you do need to develop the discipline to save money -- even if that savings is $20 while you're in school.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "How you split between cash/deposit account savings and other investment vehicles is a decision that needs to make sense to you.",
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"cluster_id": [
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1288/duffbeer703",
"score": 12
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "For most people, investing in the stock market directly is one of the last things to do.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "That's not to say you shouldn't, but rather that there are other things to consider as well.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Start with automatic monthly deposits to a liquid account such as savings or money market.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "The morale boost you get from seeing the balance grow is nearly impossible to beat.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Following that, paying down any debts such as student loans or credit cards.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Once you've done that, then you should look at company sponsored 401k plans or IRAs.",
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"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Sharebuilder offers IRAs holding whichever stock or fund you pick.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Again, automatic monthly deposits are the way to go here.",
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Good luck, and happy investing :)",
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1739/Benjamin Chambers",
"score": 8
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "There isn't really a clear way to answer this question objectively.",
"label": [
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "I'd offer my opinion that yes it is a good idea.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "You don't need very much money to start (I began investing on $200).",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "To answer your second question, no there are never any \"sure things.\"",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Instead on focusing on making money, focus on learning how the markets work.",
"label": [
1
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"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Pick a few companies you know (perhaps in an industry you are familiar with) and buy one or two shares at a time.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "Watch the prices evolve over time and make note of the changes and always ask the question",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
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},
{
"text": "\"why did it go up/down\".",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "Good luck.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/4296/Mike G",
"score": 5
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Investing in the stock market early is a good thing.",
"label": [
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"label_summ": [
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "However, it does have a learning curve, and that curve can, and eventually will, cost you.",
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]
},
{
"text": "One basic rule in investing is that risk and reward are proportional.",
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{
"text": "The greater the reward, the higher the risk that you either (a) won't get the reward, or (b) lose your money instead.",
"label": [
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],
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"text": "Given that, don't invest money you can't afford to lose (you mentioned you're on a student budget).",
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"text": "If you want to start with short but sercure investments, try finding a high-interest savings account or CD.",
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"text": "For example, the bank I use has an offer where the first $500 in your account gets ~6% interest - certainly not bad if you only put $500 in the account.",
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"text": "Unfortunately, most banks are offering a pittance for savings rates or CDs.",
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"text": "If you're willing to take more risk, you could certainly put money into the stock market.",
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"text": "Before you do, I would recommend spending some time learning about how the stock market works, it's flows and ebbs, and how stock valuations work.",
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"text": "Don't buy a stock because you hear about it a lot; understand why that stock is being valued as such.",
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"text": "Also consider buying index funds (such as SPY ) which is like a stock but tracks an entire index.",
"label": [
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],
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},
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"text": "That way if a specific company suddenly drops, you won't be nearly as affected.",
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],
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"text": "On the flip side, if only 1 company goes up, but the market goes down, you'll miss out.",
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"text": "But consider the odds of having picked that 1 company.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1599/Jimmy",
"score": 3
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Contrary to most other advise given here, I'd recommend (in your situation) not to invest in stock (yet).",
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},
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"text": "There are some 'hidden' cost to investing that will eat your profit and in the end, that's why you are investing.",
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"text": "Banks will charge for buying, selling and maintaining stock as well as for cashing dividends.",
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"text": "Depending on which bank or intermediary these costs will rise.",
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"text": "So, my advise is to start playing with stock creating a virtual portfolio and track that.",
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{
"text": "Just as duffbeer says, start saving.",
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},
{
"text": "Also look at my answer here .",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1482/GUI Junkie",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I say, before investing your real capital into the Stock Market, play around on the virtual stock exchange game.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
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},
{
"text": "It let's you invest with virtual capital and you can gain experience with the stock market.",
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],
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],
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{
"text": "I wouldn't start investing in stock until I'm sure I can cover losses though.",
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "If you do intend to invest stocks so early in your career, then you should learn how to read SEC filings (not necessary, but helpful in understanding how investors think) such as 8-K/10-K/10-Q documents so you can predict profitability and growth of companies you invest in.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Once you become a veteran of the stock market game, you probably won't need to read the SEC filings into too much detail - especially if you have a diverse portfolio.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Good Luck.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "The one takeaway from this message would probably be:",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "Stop! and play around on virtual stocks before immersing yourself in the real thing.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/4278/JLDork",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "You can start investing with any amount.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
-1
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "You can use the ShareBuilder account to purchase \"partial\" stocks through their automatic investment plan .",
"label": [
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-1
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Usually brokers don't sell parts of stock, and ShareBuilder is the only one allowing it IMHO using its own tricks.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "What they do basically is buy a stock and then divide it internally among several investors who bought it, while each of the investors doesn't really own it directly.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "That's perfect for investing small amounts and making first steps in investing.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2998/littleadv",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "I'm a University student (with a University student budget) and I was wondering if it is worth my trouble and my money to invest in the stock system? I don't know much about it, but it seems like a good way to make money. Are there any stocks that are \"sure things\"? Basically, I want to know if its worth investing now when I only have about 2000$ in personal money after paying for University.",
"title": "A University student wondering if investing in stocks is a good idea?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<investing><stocks>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/9905",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/3396/n0pe"
} | 5_4 | [
[
"Investing in the stock market early is a good thing. You can start with very little money. There are never any completely sure investments, so don't invest money that you can't afford to lose. Start by learning about the stock market and investing a little at a time.",
"You don't need very much money to start investing in the stock market, but there are never any \"sure things.\" One basic rule in investing is that risk and reward are proportional. The greater the reward, the higher the risk that you either (a) won't get the reward, or (b) lose your money instead. Therefore, you shouldn’t invest money you can't afford to lose and probably shouldn’t start investing in stock until you are sure you can cover your losses. You can use the ShareBuilder account to purchase \"partial\" stocks through their automatic investment plan. Start by picking a few companies you know and buy one or two shares at a time and focus on learning how the markets work. On the other hand, be aware that there are 'hidden' costs to investing, e.g. banks will charge for buying, selling and maintaining stock as well as for cashing dividends."
]
] | {
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[
"Investing in the stock market early is a good thing and you don't need very much money to start. Although for most people, investing in the stock market directly is one of the last things to do. You can also use the ShareBuilder account to purchase \"partial\" stocks through their automatic investment plan.",
"There are never any \"sure things.\" One basic rule in investing is that risk and reward are proportional. The greater the reward, the higher the risk that you either (a) won't get the reward, or (b) lose your money instead. Therefore, you shouldn’t invest money you can't afford to lose and probably shouldn’t start investing in stock until you are sure you can cover your losses.",
"Start by picking a few companies you know and buy one or two shares at a time and focus on learning how the markets work.",
"You can also consider buying index funds, which are like stocks, but tracks an entire index. ",
"On the other hand, others would not recommend investing in stock in your situation as there are 'hidden' costs to investing, e.g. banks will charge for buying, selling and maintaining stock as well as for cashing dividends."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The most important point to me: If you don't use everything in your fridge before it goes bad, then a full fridge will have costs that a (nearly) empty one doesn't, because you'll be throwing away more food.",
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"text": "If you keep the door closed, then the amount of heat leakage from the fridge is independent of what's in it, so either should be equal; it's (almost) entirely based on the barriers between the inside of the fridge and the outside.",
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"text": "If you open the door, then most of the heat leakage is going to be in the form of convective heat transfer from air leaving the fridge.",
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"text": "At this point a full fridge has an advantage, because more of the air is blocked by the contents of the fridge.",
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"text": "Chad brings up a useful point:",
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"text": "the fridge is likely to work harder to cool things quickly than it is to cool things slowly, even if the heat energy transfer involved is the same.",
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"text": "That said, I think the cooled mass of the fridge itself is so large that it swamps any such effect from the material in the fridge.",
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{
"text": "MrChrister's point about ice machines requiring heat to dislodge the ice is definitely true, although not all ice machines do things this way.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Keep the door closed to save money.",
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"text": "And if you have an ice machine, turn that off too.",
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"text": "You need to warm up the tray to get ice out of it and heating something inside your freezer",
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],
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{
"text": "is expensive.",
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],
"answer_details": {
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"sents": [
{
"text": "Full fridge uses less.",
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{
"text": "Mostly due to a sort of 'flywheel effect' from the mass inside the fridge.",
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{
"text": "frankly I think this is more of a science trivia question, If you are trying to save money on power, then there's a lot of other things you can do, and there's tons of websites out there with power conservation tips.",
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"text": "just google it.",
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{
"text": "A better question here would be what to do with the money you save ;-)",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/3924/Chuck van der Linden",
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Well an empty fridge is a waste of 100% of the cooling.",
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"text": "If you are cooling nothing then all of the energy to cool it is wasted.",
"label": [
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},
{
"text": "Air is not very conductive of Heat.",
"label": [
0
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Its why double paned glass is more effiecent than single pane",
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"text": "the air provides an isulation barrier.",
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"text": "So in a fridge you want to quickly bring the temperature of items placed inside down to a storage temperature.",
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"text": "(Around 34F 1c)",
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"text": "Having a fridge full of already cold items will allow for a much quicker transfer of heat out of the item placed within.",
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"text": "And since the heat is dispersed out through a larger mass the amount of cooling required will be the same but because the mean temperature change over time is less the fridge will have to work harder for less time if the fridge is full.",
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"text": "But in the end the amount of energy required to cool a full freeser will be higher than an empty one as there is more heat to disapate.",
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"text": "But the cost of keeping it cold is spread out among many items.",
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"text": "So if you only have 1 orange per day in your fridge and it costs you 30 a month to run your fridge then your oranges have an additional 1 cost on them.",
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"text": "But if you use 20 things a day and it costs you 60 a month it only costs you .1",
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},
{
"text": "extra per item.",
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],
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "In \"steady state\", the refrigerator only has to pump out the heat that has leaked in from outside.",
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"text": "The amount of heat leaked is related to the difference between interior and exterior temperatures, and the overall insulation quality.",
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},
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"text": "Thus, a refrigerator full of cold food uses the same amount of energy as a refrigerator full of cold air.",
"label": [
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"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "In practice, people open the door, take cold food out, put \"warm\" food in, and the unit may also make ice, dispense cold water, and defrost itself.",
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"text": "Aside from tweaking those uses, (e.g. minimizing time with the door open), a useful trick is to use empty milk cartons or similar containers to fill up unused space.",
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"cluster_id": [
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"text": "This helps by reducing the amount of cold air that escapes when the door is opened, and the air in the cartons has low thermal mass, so it cools down rapidly.",
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"text": "When you need the space, you can remove the cartons and set them aside.",
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{
"text": "Similarly, water-filled cartons may be used as a sort of thermal ballast--leveling out the temperature fluctuations within the refrigerator, particularly if the electric utilities are erratic.",
"label": [
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "However, they increase the cost of refrigeration when cooling the water in the first place, and when you eventually dump out the water, the expense of cooling it goes down the drain.",
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"score": 2
}
}
] | {
"question": "To save money on hydro (electricity), I'd like to make optimum use of my refrigerator.For this purpose, is less energy used when the fridge is full? Or when it is empty?",
"title": "Saving money on electricity: Is a refrigerator more efficient when empty, or full?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<cost-cutting><household><electricity>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/10453",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2991/Victor123"
} | 5_5 | [
[
"A full fridge uses less energy. Make sure you keep the door shut to save money.",
"Keeping the door closed saves money. If you open the door, most leakage is going to be in the form of convective heat transfer from air leaving the fridge. A full fridge has an advantage, because more of the air is blocked by the contents of the fridge and therefore uses less electricity. An empty fridge is a waste of the cooling, because if you are cooling nothing, then all of the energy to cool it is wasted. A useful trick is to use empty milk cartons or water-filled cartons or similar containers to fill up unused space to level out the temperature fluctuations within the refrigerator, particularly if the electric utilities are erratic. "
]
] | {
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[
"Keeping the door closed saves money. The amount of heat leakage from the fridge is independent of what's in it, and is mostly based on the barriers between the inside of the fridge and the outside. If you open the door, most of the heat leakage is going to be in the form of convective heat transfer from air leaving the fridge.",
"A full fridge has an advantage, because more of the air is blocked by the contents of the fridge and therefore uses less electricity. An empty fridge is a waste of the cooling, because if you are cooling nothing, then all of the energy to cool it is wasted. ",
"Having a fridge full of already cold items will allow for a much quicker transfer of heat out of the item placed within and since the heat is dispersed out through a larger mass the amount of cooling required will be the same, but because the mean temperature change over time is less, the fridge will have to work harder for less time if the fridge is full. In the end the amount of energy required to cool a full fridge will be higher.",
"A useful trick is to use empty milk cartons or water-filled cartons or similar containers to fill up unused space to level out the temperature fluctuations within the refrigerator, particularly if the electric utilities are erratic. "
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "You do not have to endorse a check at the bank you have an account with.",
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"text": "By leaving the back of the check blank, and thus failing to endorse it, you automatically endorse the check with a restricted endorsement (similar to \"For Deposit Only\").",
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1
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],
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{
"text": "As such, the teller wouldn't have to call you back to the window as alluded to in stoj's answer.",
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{
"text": "For clarification see Restrictive Indorsement in the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) § 3-206 Subsection C .",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1997/Frazell Thomas",
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},
{
"sents": [
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"text": "If a bank employee catches it then typically they would call you and ask you to come in to sign the check.",
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{
"text": "If they can't get a hold of you they would probably mail it back to you.",
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{
"text": "There is a chance that they won't catch in which case it would just be deposited into your account like any other check.",
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1873/stoj",
"score": 6
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "It may clear, or they (either bank) may call you.",
"label": [
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1
],
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},
{
"text": "I'm POA on my mother-in-law's account.",
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{
"text": "When she wrote a check and forgot top sign it, it made it through the first bank, but the bank the check was written from called me.",
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{
"text": "I was able to fax them an authorization to clear the check, and all was well.",
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"score": 3
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{
"sents": [
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"text": "I'm not sure if this necessity to endorse a cheque only applies in the U.S.",
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},
{
"text": "In Canada, I have never endorsed a cheque I deposited.",
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{
"text": "I have never been requested to do so when dealing with a teller, and have never had an issue depositing a cheque via an ATM.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/3983/ChrisInEdmonton",
"score": 3
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Almost all checks are processed electronically nowadays.",
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{
"text": "Thus, signatures probably don't matter much unless you use the teller and you want cash instead of a deposit.",
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{
"text": "However, I would still think that they spot check some checks and if you don't sign then as luck would have it, they'll pick your check to spot check.",
"label": [
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{
"text": "This may delay clearing the funds for your use until the matter is taken care of.",
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The banks in the U.S., when I worked for one, had a stamp that says \"Deposit Only To the Within Named Payee\" for deposits only if the name on the front of the check matches to the name on the account it's going to....",
"label": [
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],
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{
"text": "it's logical",
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},
{
"text": "considering it's being deposited to the person the check is made out to.",
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},
{
"text": "Funds will most likely not be available for a few days however, under these circumstances.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/42336/Debbie Hall",
"score": 2
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The reasoning behind endorsing a check is to restrict what other people can do with the check.",
"label": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "If you're the named Payee on the check, then of course you can deposit it without an endorsement.",
"label": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "If you endorse it as \"for deposit only\", then someone else who gets ahold of it can't deposit it into their own account (because you're the payee, not them).",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "But if you leave it blank, then they can fake your endorsement (e.g., \"payable to Joe Blow\") and try to cash it or something.",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/35482/David",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "What if I deposit a check into a Bank of America ATM but forget to endorse it with my signature on the back of the check?",
"title": "What happens if I deposit a check and forget to endorse it with my signature on the back?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<united-states><atm><check>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/10570",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/4112/InquilineKea"
} | 5_6 | [
[
"It is not necessary to endorse the check if your name is on it as payee. The bank might call you to come in and sign it.",
"You do not have to endorse a check at the bank you have an account with. If you are the named Payee on the check, you can deposit it without an endorsement. By leaving the back of the check blank, and thus failing to endorse it, you automatically endorse the check with a restricted endorsement (similar to \"For Deposit Only\"). There is a chance that the bank won't catch this, in which case it would just be deposited into your account like any other check. If on the other hand, an bank employee catches it, then typically they would call you and ask you to come in to sign the check. This necessity to endorse a cheque may only apply in the U.S. "
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
false
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1
] | [
[
"You do not have to endorse a check at the bank you have an account with. If you are the named Payee on the check, you can deposit it without an endorsement. By leaving the back of the check blank, and thus failing to endorse it, you automatically endorse the check with a restricted endorsement (similar to \"For Deposit Only\"). There is a chance that the bank won't catch this, in which case it would just be deposited into your account like any other check.",
" If a bank employee catches it then typically they would call you and ask you to come in to sign the check.",
" It may clear, or they (either bank) may call you.",
"I'm not sure if this necessity to endorse a cheque only applies in the U.S. "
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "When in doubt, call (the card issuer) and ask.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Ask if you overpay your current bill if the overpayment becomes available credit and tell them why you are asking.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "It can go either way.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "For what it's worth, I made a payment that was well over what was due, and this is a snapshot of my balance.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "My credit line is $25,000, but since I overpaid, I can now charge $26,600 if I wish.",
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],
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{
"text": "This doesn't \"answer\" the question, as each card issuer has his own rules, and OP needs to ask.",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "But, it proves that what he proposes is possible.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "As the comment below notes, trying to charge $26,600 may (most likely) will not go through, a fraud alert would block it.",
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "But.",
"label": [
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "I doubt if one does this with a $1000 credit limit card, pushing the available credit to $2000, that it would trip, or trip as fast.",
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},
{
"text": "To close this one - personal anecdotes only can suggest what 'might' be.",
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"text": "To actually do this, call the card issuer, they'll be happy to answer the question.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/187/JTP - Apologise to Monica",
"score": 19
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I live in Canada and have a BMO mastercard.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "I called them and asked them and their answer was \"of course!\".",
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{
"text": "I have put thousands of dollars on my mastercard from my bank account to pay for rare, large purchases.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "The money I put on appears differently on my online mastercard account though.",
"label": [
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},
{
"text": "EX: account balance: $6,000.00 CR available credit: $3,000.00",
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],
"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "This confused me at first, but when I called and asked them, they said my available credit doesn't change (ie: how much BMO lends me), but when I add my available credit + what I've put on my card",
"label": [
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"label_summ": [
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},
{
"text": "(my account balance, which is CR (meaning my balance has a surplus of money)), then my spending limit is $9,000.00",
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"label_summ": [
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"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "So, I don't increase my \"credit\" limit, but I do increase my spending limit.",
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},
{
"text": "It just comes down to terminology.",
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{
"text": "I assume it is like this for other credit cards, but I would recommend calling and asking, just to be on the safe side. Heath",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/7311/Heather",
"score": 11
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "No. You will need to call your credit card issuer and ask for a credit limit increase.",
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "If you plan to pay off your card then I see no problem in this.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "You could also ask the seller if they will put $1000 on your card, and $500 in cash.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "(Ask for a cash discount too.)",
"label": [
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},
{
"text": "Found some anecdotes!",
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},
{
"text": "http://ask.metafilter.com/143018/Can-I-prepay-my-credit-card-and-use-it-like-a-debit-card-to-help-me-spend-more-responsibly#2047093 http://ficoforums.myfico.com/t5/Credit-Cards/Can-I-prepay-to-increase-limit/m-p/670376#M214222",
"label": [
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/91/MrChrister",
"score": 7
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "My card keeps a separate 'cash advance' limit, that's lower than the regular rate.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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},
{
"text": "I believe balance transfers also trigger that limit and (much higher) interest rate.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2410/jldugger",
"score": 1
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I have an upcoming purchase that will be just over $2000, and recalled this question.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "I tried to pay $2000 more than my balance on my card, and this is the note I got back via email.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "Now, I did try to pay it directly to the card issuing bank.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "I do",
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],
"label_summ": [
0
],
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},
{
"text": "n't (yet) know what they'd do if I made a payment via ACH through my own bank.",
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "So for this type of situation, I'd suggest calling customer service and ask how they handle these.",
"label": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "(Yes, the Joe was edited in.",
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},
{
"text": "The rest is factual)",
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},
{
"text": "I know this contradicts my older answer, but it serves as a counter-example.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "Not all banks handle the same.",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/187/JTP - Apologise to Monica",
"score": 1
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I had a macys card which only had $75.00 credit limit...",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I accidently paid over the limit so the card had $100.00 in it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I left it that way for a month..",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "My credit limit turned into 100..",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "So I do think its possible to increase your credit limit that way..",
"label": [
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"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "I've tried many times requesting for a credit limit increase..",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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]
},
{
"text": "I was denied many times..",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "The only thing I have is to add money but the tricky thing is that you'll have to add money and spend the whole amount and then pay it off at once for the credit limit to stick.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "But since you have great credit assuming because your limit is 1000, you should request for an increase of your credit limit.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/7586/Brenda",
"score": 0
}
}
] | {
"question": "I have a credit card with a credit limit of $1000, but I would like to make a purchase of $1500. If I transfer $500 into my credit card account, would that increase my credit limit to $1500?",
"title": "Can I increase my credit limit by transferring money to my Credit Card account?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<credit-card>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/10694",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/4625/Aducci"
} | 5_8 | [
[
"You will need to call your card company and ask for an increase to your credit limit.",
"Not all banks handle this the same. You will need to call your credit card issuer and ask for a credit limit increase. If you pay money in, you don't increase your \"credit\" limit, but you do increase your “spending” limit."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
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] | [
[
"S7: So, I don't increase my \"credit\" limit, but I do increase my spending limit.",
"S0: No. You will need to call your credit card issuer and ask for a credit limit increase. ",
"S9: Not all banks handle the same."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The biggest factor is: Are you really going to invest the difference?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "It is easy to say you will now, but unless you have a ton of discipline or some form of automatic investing, that is a hard thing to do in practice.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
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},
{
"text": "Another consideration is that the 30 year loan will usually cost you more over the life of the loan because of the length of it.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "Another option is to take the 30 year loan and pay at the rate you would with a 15.",
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],
"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "Then you get the benefit of paying it down quickly, but have the flexibility to only make smaller than usual payments in any month where you have a financial emergency and need the extra cash.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/149/JohnFx",
"score": 22
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Mortgage rates are at record lows.",
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "The 30 yr fixed is now below 4%, if you are in the 25% bracket and itemize (state income tax, property tax, donations, easy to pass the minimum) it costs you 3% post tax.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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"text": "This is the rate of long term inflation, effectively making this money free.",
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"text": "You are likely to be able to average a far greater return than this mortgage is costing you.",
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"text": "These rates may last another year or two, but long term, they are an anomaly.",
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"text": "ETFs such as DVY (the Dow high dividend stocks) are yielding over 3.75%, 3.2% after the 15% cap gain tax.",
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"text": "i.e. you get a small positive return, and the potential for capital gains.",
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"text": "If this ETF rises just 3%/yr",
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"text": "it's all profit above your cost of money.",
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"text": "That said, there are those who sleep better with a paid in full house, regardless of the rate.",
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"text": "To that extreme, I've read those who make paying their mortgage a priority ahead of funding their matched 401(k).",
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"text": "While I can guess what the market will return, but can't know what will actual happen, it's foolish to skip one's match.",
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"text": "They reason that the market can crash, I reply the 401(k) has to have a short term fund, money market or T-bill type returns, but a 100% match is a no-brainer.",
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"text": "Using an estimated 4% for the 30 and 3.5% for the 15, the payment on the 15 yr mortgage will be 50% higher, $1430 (15yr) for $200K vs $955 for the 30.",
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"text": "How does this play in your budget?",
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"text": "Do you have an adequate emergency fund?",
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"text": "Are you funding your retirement plan at a decent level?",
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"text": "In the end, there is no right answer, just what's right for you.",
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"text": "Understanding the rest of your financial picture will get you more detailed advice.",
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"text": "Not knowing your situation limits the answers.",
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{
"text": "Edit",
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{
"text": "6/30/2015",
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"text": "- When I wrote this answer, the DVY was trading at $48.24.",
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"text": "$100,000 invested would have given off $3187/",
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"text": "yr after a 15% dividend tax rate.",
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"text": "At $75/share now, the $100,000 investment would be worth $155,472 and yielding $5597 for a net $4757 after tax.",
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"text": "The choice to go DVY would have been profitable from the start, with room now for a 35% crash before losing any money.",
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"score": 12
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"sents": [
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"text": "In general, it makes sense to go for the 15 year fixed if you can afford it, as you'll pay down far more principal than if you go for a 30 year.",
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"text": "Take a peek at the amortization tables for two loans, keeping in mind that the average American lives in a house for 7 years.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "The best way to look at it is this: If you owned the house outright, would you borrow against it to invest?",
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"text": "(Do you want to leverage your assets?)",
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"text": "I would suspect most people would say no.",
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"text": "Most people do not have the time, skill, or risk tolerance to be able to leverage capital as large as the value of their own home.",
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"text": "Remember that a 15-year fixed has a slightly lower interest rate than a 30-year fixed (difference of 0.5–1%).",
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"text": "If you won't have the discipline to invest every cent left in your pocket, then you are better off with the 15-year and the lower rate.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "There is another factor to consider when refinancing is the remaining term left on your loan.",
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"text": "If you have 20 years left, and you re-fi into another 30 year loan that extends the length that you will be paying off the house for another 10 years.",
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"text": "You are probably better off going with 20, or even 15.",
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"text": "If this is a new loan, that is less of an issue, although if you moving and buying a house in a similar price range it is still something to consider.",
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"text": "My goal is to have my house paid off before I retire (hopefully early semi-retirement around 55).",
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] | {
"question": "What factors are to be considered when deciding to go with a 15 year fixed vs a 30 years fixed?Pretty simple really; I could make the payments on a 15 year fixed, but at today's low interest rates, am I better off taking the difference and investing it?",
"title": "What factors are to be considered when deciding to go with a 15 year fixed vs a 30 years fixed?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<united-states><mortgage><home-ownership><first-time-home-buyer>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/11193",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2192/Matt"
} | 5_9 | [
[
"The 30 year loan will cost you more over the life of the loan. It will also have a slightly lower interest rate.",
"The 30 year loan will usually cost you more over the life of the loan because of the length of it. In general, it makes more sense to go for the 15 year fixed if you can afford it, as you'll pay down far more in principal than if you go for a 30 year. A 15-year fixed has a slightly lower interest rate than a 30-year fixed (difference of 0.5–1%). Unless you have the discipline to invest every cent left in your pocket, then you are better off with the 15-year and the lower rate. Another option is to take the 30 year loan and pay at the rate you would with a 15. In any case, there are those who sleep better with a paid in full house, regardless of the rate."
]
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[
"The 30 year loan will usually cost you more over the life of the loan because of the length of it. In general, it makes more sense to go for the 15 year fixed if you can afford it, as you'll pay down far more in principal than if you go for a 30 year. A 15-year fixed has a slightly lower interest rate than a 30-year fixed (difference of 0.5–1%). ",
"Another option is to take the 30 year loan and pay at the rate you would with a 15.",
"That said, there are those who sleep better with a paid in full house, regardless of the rate.",
"Unless you have the discipline to invest every cent left in your pocket, then you are better off with the 15-year and the lower rate."
]
] |
[
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"sents": [
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"text": "Think about the implications if the world worked as your question implies that it \"should\": A $15 share of stock would return you (at least) $15 after 3 months, plus another $15 after 6 months, plus another after 9 and 12 months.",
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"text": "This would have returned to you $60 over the year that you owned it (plus you still own the share).",
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"text": "Only then would the stock be worth buying?",
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"text": "Anything less than $60 would be too little to be worth bothering about for $15?",
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"text": "Such a thing would indeed be worth buying, but you won't find golden-egg laying stocks like that on the stock market.",
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"text": "Why?",
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"text": "Because other people would outbid your measly $15 in order to get this $60-a-year producing stock (in fact, they would bid many hundreds of dollars).",
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"text": "Since other people bid more, you can't find such a deal available.",
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"text": "(Of course, there are the points others have brought up: the earnings per share are yearly, not quarterly, unless otherwise noted.",
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"text": "The earnings may not be sent to you at all, or only a small part, but you would gain much of their value because the company should be worth about that much more by keeping the earnings.)",
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"sents": [
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"text": "When you buy a stock, you're really paying for a STREAM of earnings, from now till whenever.",
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"text": "The job of an investor is to figure out how large that stream will be in the future.",
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"text": "But if the stock price were the same as \"earnings\" (for one year), it would mean that you would get all future earnings for \"free.",
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"text": "\" That's not likely to happen unless 1) the company is in liquidation,\" meaning \"no future\" and 2) it earned ALL of the money it ever earned in the past year, meaning \"no past.",
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"text": "\" If there are likely to be any earnings in the future, you will have to pay for those future earnings, over and above what was earned in the most recent year.",
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"text": "First, the earnings are per year, not per quarter.",
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"text": "Why would you expect to get a 100% per year return on your money?",
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"text": "The earnings can go one of two ways.",
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"text": "They can be retained, reinvested in the company, or they can be distributed as a dividend.",
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"text": "So, the 'return' on this share is just over 5%, which is competitive with the rate you'd get on fixed investments.",
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"text": "It's higher, in fact, as there's the risk that comes with holding the stock.",
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"text": "Earnings per share are not directly correlated to share price.",
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"text": "NV Energy, the company you cited as an example, is an electric utility.",
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"text": "The growth patterns and characteristics of utilities are well-defined, so generally speaking the value of the stock is driven by the quality of the company's cash flow.",
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"text": "A utility with a good history of dividend increases, a dividend that is appropriate given the company's fiscal condition, (ie.",
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"text": "A dividend that is not more than 80% of earnings) and a good outlook will be priced competitively.",
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"text": "For other types of companies cash flow or even profits do not matter -- the prospects of future earnings matter.",
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"text": "If a growth stock (say Netflix as an example) misses its growth projections for a quarter, the stock value will be punished.",
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"text": "Stock prices are set by supply and demand.",
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"text": "If a particular stock has a high EPS, say, $100, then people will bid more for that stock, driving up its price over one with a $10 EPS.",
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"text": "Your job as an investor is to find stocks with low share prices, but which will give you high earnings (either in dividends, our future share price).",
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"text": "This means finding stocks which you believe the market has priced incorrectly, for whatever reason (as an example, many bank stocks are being punished right now, even if the underlying banks are in good shape financially).",
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"text": "If you want to beat the market indices, be prepared to do a lot of research, because you're trying to outsmart the market as a whole.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Imagine a stock where the share price equals the earnings per share.",
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"text": "You pay say $100 for a share.",
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"text": "In the next year, the company makes $100 per share.",
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"text": "They can pay a $100 dividend, so now you have your money back, and you still own the share.",
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"text": "Next year, they make $100 per share, pay a $100 dividend, so now you have your money back, plus $100 in your pocket, plus you own the share.",
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"text": "Wow.",
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"text": "What an incredible investment.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "What you have to remember is you are buying a piece of the company.",
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"text": "Think of it in terms of buying a business.",
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"text": "Just like a business, you need to decide how long you are willing to wait to get paid back for your investment.",
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"text": "Imagine you were trying to sell your lemonade stand.",
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"text": "This year your earnings will be $100, next year will be $110, the year after that $120 and so on.",
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"text": "Would you be willing to sell it for $100?",
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}
] | {
"question": "This may sound obvious to you, but I'm new to all this. Why is the stock market price for a share always higher than the earnings per share? For example, the stock price for a company like NVE today is 15.53$ but its EPS is 0.87$. We would have to wait quite a while (like 4 years: ~1$ x 4 quarters x 4 years ) for it to start being worth buying. Am I missing something?",
"title": "Why is the stock market price for a share always higher than the earnings per share?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<stocks>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/11850",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5028/chizwiz"
} | 5_11 | [
[
"When you buy stock, you are paying for a stream of earnings. As an investor you want to look for stocks with a low share price that will give you high earnings.",
"Earnings per share are not directly correlated to share price. When you buy stocks, you are really paying for a STREAM of earnings, from now until a time in the future. Stock prices are set by supply and demand. If a particular stock has a high EPS, say, $100, then people will bid more for that stock, driving up its price over one with a $10 EPS. Your job as an investor is to find stocks with low share prices, but which will give you high earnings (either in dividends, our future share price)."
]
] | {
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1
] | [
[
"Earnings per share are not directly correlated to share price. When you buy stocks, you are really paying for a STREAM of earnings, from now until a time in the future. ",
"Stock prices are set by supply and demand. If a particular stock has a high EPS, say, $100, then people will bid more for that stock, driving up its price over one with a $10 EPS. ",
"Your job as an investor is to find stocks with low share prices, but which will give you high earnings (either in dividends, our future share price)."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "A company's stock value is indicative of the market's collective belief of the future of the company.",
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"text": "The relationship of between price and book value will vary according to the quality of the company, the category of stock, etc.",
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"text": "In extreme cases, say Bank of America, the stock trades at a fraction of book, because BOA's books are a fantasy by most people's reckoning.",
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],
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1288/duffbeer703",
"score": 4
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Discrepancies between what the book value is reported as and what they'd fetch if sold on the open market.",
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],
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"text": "Legal disputes in court.",
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],
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2410/jldugger",
"score": 3
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The key to evaluating book value is return on equity (ROE).",
"label": [
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "That's net profit divided by book value.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "The \"value\" of book value is measured by the company's ROE (the higher the better).",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "If the stock is selling below book value, the company's assets aren't earning enough to satisfy most investors.",
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],
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1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "Would you buy a CD that was paying, say two percentage points below the going rate for 100 cents on the dollar?",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "Probably not.",
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
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},
{
"text": "You might be willing to buy it only by paying 2% less per year, say 98 cents on the dollar for a one year CD.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "The two cent discount from \"book value\" is your compensation for a low \"interest\" rate.",
"label": [
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"cluster_id": [
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/3860/Tom Au",
"score": 3
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "all of these examples are great if you actually believe in fundamentals, but who believes in fundamentals alone any more?",
"label": [
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},
{
"text": "Stock prices are driven by earnings, news, and public perception.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "For instance, a pharma company named Eyetech has their new macular degeneration drug approved by the FDA, and yet their stock price plummeted.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Typically when a small pharma company gets a drug approved, it's off to the races.",
"label": [
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},
{
"text": "But, Genetech came out",
"label": [
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},
{
"text": "said their macular degeneration drug was going to be far more effective, and that they were well on track for approval.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5134/steve warshaw",
"score": 1
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "A company's book value is the worth of all their assets.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
},
{
"text": "A companies book value is the value that accountants place on their assets, minus the accountants estimates of their liabilities.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "The thing is most assets don't have a single well-defined value.",
"label": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "The cost of acquiring an asset can be much greater than the money that could be recovered by liquidating that asset.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
},
{
"text": "Furthermore the money that could be recovered by liquidating an asset may not be known until you actually try to liquidate it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "So in general, if you liquidate a company you won't get the full book value back.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/34048/Peter Green",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "A company's book value is the worth of all their assets. What would cause a stock to trade below book value?",
"title": "What could cause a stock to trade below book value?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<investing><stock-analysis><book-value>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/12006",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2448/Bruce Alderman"
} | 5_12 | [
[
"Assets don't have a single well-defined value. If the stock is selling below book value, then the assets are not earning enough to satisfy investors.",
"A company’s book value is the value that accountants place on their assets, minus the accountants estimates of their liabilities, but most assets don't have a single well-defined value. The relationship of between price and book value will vary according to the quality of the company, the category of stock, etc. The key to evaluating book value is return on equity (ROE). If stocks are selling below book value, the company's assets aren't earning enough to satisfy most investors. In addition, the cost of acquiring an asset can be much greater than the money that could be recovered by liquidating that asset."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
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[
"The relationship of between price and book value will vary according to the quality of the company, the category of stock, etc. ",
"A company’s book value is the value that accountants place on their assets, minus the accountants estimates of their liabilities, but most assets don't have a single well-defined value. The key to evaluating book value is return on equity (ROE).",
"If stocks are selling below book value, the company's assets aren't earning enough to satisfy most investors. In addition, the cost of acquiring an asset can be much greater than the money that could be recovered by liquidating that asset."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "It is absolutely worth it.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "My wife and I have two of these accounts (different banks).",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "We are required to use our cards 20 times for one bank, and 15 for the other.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "We have yet to miss the required transactions in a month (over 15 months of use now), and are actually considering getting a third account.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Between the two of us, we simply have to use our card on average once a day.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "Getting gas?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Use your debit card.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Getting stamps?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Use your debit card?Self checkout?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Use your debit card twice.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Eating out?",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Use your debit card.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If married, split the bill.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "As soon as we reach the minimum, we stop using the debit cards and switch to credit cards to further boost the rewards.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Maybe it's easier for us since we don't have kids and are out a lot, but 12 transactions is really simple to obtain.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "We receive ~$100 a month from our two accounts, all for doing something we already do.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2357/Scott",
"score": 3
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "What qualifies as a transaction?",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Does the bill pay count?",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Otherwise, not sure what you'd do to get 12.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If this requires you to actively do something 12x per month, not worth it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "But I can easily set up 12 online bill payments.",
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/187/JTP - Apologise to Monica",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Overall I think it sounds like it's worth it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "It's hard to find that high of a rate on a checking account these days.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "It looks like you're looking at this bank , and I can see they have a few more requirements that seem a little tedious: Complete at least 12 Debit/Check Card Point-of-Sale purchases (transactions must be made without using your Personal Identification Number, or PIN, to count towards the minimum of 12 and must post and clear your account on or before the last day of the calendar month)",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Each calendar month, one direct deposit OR one ACH debit OR pay one bill when using Consumers Credit Union’s free online bill payment system, must post and clear your account on or before the last day of the calendar month Access Online Banking at least once each calendar month If you don't do these things every month, then you lose the great interest rate.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If you can think of an easy way to jump through these hoops and not forget, then it's probably worth it.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "For example, if you routinely eat out for lunch or buy a morning coffee, you can use that card to pay for it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Set yourself a recurring reminder in your calendar or smartphone to remind you to login to the online banking site.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Ultimately, since this is an emergency fund, it's a good idea to keep it nice and liquid in a checking account.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "You're not likely going to find many other options that will give you a better (and safe) return and still keep your funds available for when you need them.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "In summary, it sounds like a good idea to me so long as you think you can reliably jump through their hoops.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/3416/Mike Piche",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "It depends on how much your time is worth.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Those interest rates from that amount of money will not generate anything convenient.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "And the effort you make to fulfill the requirements can possibly turn into an overhead cost to getting that $34 a month.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
2
]
]
},
{
"text": "For instance, lets say you make $20/hour",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "but you spent an hour trying to figure out how their billpay works.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Suddenly not worth it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "And if that interest rate is only granted up to $10k, then the compounding effects will be nullified because they won't even grant that same interest rate once the money starts to grow.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Hope that helps.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/4833/CQM",
"score": 1
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "$34/month for doing 12 transactions or more.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If your time is worth less than about $2.50 per transaction, then it makes sense.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I'd also check to see what happens if you miss and make only 11 transactions one month.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Do you lose a finger or something?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Or (less dramatically) do they take away your nice rate forever or slap you on the wrist financially?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The fine print taketh away in these deals.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I'd be sure to see what it says.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/414/mbhunter",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "I am trying to decide what to do with my emergency fund. Looking around I found a bank giving out a 4.09% APY up to $10K USD. This will generate approximately $34 USD/Month. They require that you do 12 transactions per month and at least one online bill payment. Is anyone else going through the same hassle to obtain a little more interest rate on your emergency fund? Could anyone through any other point of view that I am missing?",
"title": "Is it worth the hassle to open a reward checking account for 4.09%?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<emergency-fund><checking-account>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/12043",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1635/Geo"
} | 5_13 | [
[
"You probably won't find a better return and still keep your funds available. You need to think of an easy way to jump through these hoops and not forget.",
"You're not likely going to find many other options that will give you a better (and safe) return and still keep your funds available for when you need them. You could receive money every month for doing something you already do. If you can think of an easy way to jump through these hoops and not forget, then it's probably worth it. Bear in mind, the effort you make to fulfill the requirements can possibly turn into an overhead cost. Ultimately, since this is an emergency fund, it's a good idea to keep it nice and liquid in a checking account."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
false
],
"cluster_sents_not_matched": [
[]
]
} | [
1
] | [
[
"You're not likely going to find many other options that will give you a better (and safe) return and still keep your funds available for when you need them. You could receive money every month for doing something you already do.",
"If you can think of an easy way to jump through these hoops and not forget, then it's probably worth it.",
"The effort you make to fulfill the requirements can possibly turn into an overhead cost. Ultimately, since this is an emergency fund, it's a good idea to keep it nice and liquid in a checking account."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "It just takes a decent power outage to make it worth having some cash on hand.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "It's possible that worse things can happen as well -- things that would shut the financial system down or cause bank runs.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
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},
{
"text": "It is an assumption that you'll always be able to (a) access your money at your bank, either via teller transaction or ATM, and (b) pay with a debit card or credit card.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "If either (or both) of these abilities are taken away, you'll be glad you have some cash.",
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
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},
{
"text": "The amount that you have on hand (how much you want to hedge against these possibilities) is up to you.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
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-1
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/414/mbhunter",
"score": 13
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Houses burn down a lot more frequently than banks fail.",
"label": [
1
],
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1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Also, I'll bet the odds that FDIC will insure the loss of money in a bank is much higher than the odds of a homeowner's policy believing a huge pile of cash burned up in your house AND",
"label": [
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],
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-1
],
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},
{
"text": "even then your policy probably wouldn't have coverage limits high enough to reimburse you for substantial cash losses.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
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},
{
"text": "Oh yeah",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
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},
{
"text": ", then there is theft, floods,etc.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The biggest danger is that routine inflation will eat up that money faster than the rats in the basement.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Now, having some cash for a small emergency on hand isn't a terrible idea, but using your closet as a personal bank doesn't seem very smart.",
"label": [
1
],
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1
],
"cluster_id": [
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2
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/149/JohnFx",
"score": 10
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Cash can be a lifesaver after a natural disaster.",
"label": [
1
],
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1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "I was in central Mississippi in 2005 after Katrina.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "There were a few things selling for cash only (generators for one).",
"label": [
0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "The banks opened pretty quick (1 day) where I was; south of me it took much longer (days or weeks).",
"label": [
0
],
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],
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/4605/Eric",
"score": 4
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "It's quite the contrary.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If there are mass failures of banks, then the money supply will collapse and there will be vicious deflation, increasing the value of money held as cash.",
"label": [
1
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "It's only if governments print money to bail the banks out that there's a (small) risk of hyperinflation and the effective collapse of the currency.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2325/Mike Scott",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "(in response to last comment to me)Ok.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "I understand now.",
"label": [
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "Forgive me if I appeared to be splitting hairs.",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "When it comes to understanding, exact wording is important.",
"label": [
0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "I keep money at home, enough to not be a frequent ATM user, not enough to imply any distrust of the banking system or preparation for Armageddon.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "You last comments implies the brochure said 13% keep all their money at home, i.e. have no banking relationship.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
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},
{
"text": "A recent poll concluded 25% of people had less than $2500 available if they had an issue, such as the need to repair a car, or furnace.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "From that factoid, it wouldn't surprise me that half of those people have no bank acount at all.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Not for lack of trust, but lack of money to deposit.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/187/JTP - Apologise to Monica",
"score": 1
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I think that its ok to keep your \"emergency fund\" money in cash in your home.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "By emergency fund, I mean $1,000-2,500, that doesn't get touched.",
"label": [
0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
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},
{
"text": "There are risks.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You have a risk that the money will be stolen, or be wholly or partially destroyed, or even lost if you stash it somewhere and forget.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You're also not going to earn interest.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "So go for it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "But keep your emergency funds in cash -- if you want to buy silver and gold, that's fine...",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "you need to treat them as commodity investments.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1288/duffbeer703",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "I was in the office of one of the investment companies and on the brochure they said that 13% of people keep money at home. I wonder if there is a good reason to do that. even if banks would fall the currency would follow, right? Is there any good reason to do that? In what scenarios that might be a good idea?",
"title": "Keeping money at home",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<banking><home>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/12156",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5138/IAdapter"
} | 5_14 | [
[
"Having some cash on hand at home can be a lifesaver in a disaster. However, houses burn down more often than banks fail. You could keep an emergency fund at home in cash.",
"It is an assumption that you'll always be able to (a) access your money at your bank, either via teller transaction or ATM, and (b) pay with a debit card or credit card. It just takes a decent power outage to make it worth having some cash on hand. Cash can also be a lifesaver after a natural disaster. If there are mass failures of banks, then the money supply will collapse and there will be vicious deflation, increasing the value of money held as cash. But there is a risk: Houses burn down a lot more frequently than banks fail. You also have the risk that the money will be stolen, or be wholly or partially destroyed, or even lost if you stash it somewhere and forget, but the biggest danger is that routine inflation will eat up that money faster than the rats in the basement. Also bear in mind that the odds that the FDIC will insure the loss of money in a bank is much higher than the odds of a homeowner's policy believing a huge pile of cash has been burned up in your house. It might be a good idea to keep your \"emergency fund\" money in cash in your home, but using your closet as a personal bank doesn't seem very smart."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
true
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"cluster_sents_not_matched": [
[
"Also, I'll bet the odds that FDIC will insure the loss of money in a bank is much higher than the odds of a homeowner's policy believing a huge pile of cash burned up in your house"
]
]
} | [
1
] | [
[
"It is an assumption that you'll always be able to (a) access your money at your bank, either via teller transaction or ATM, and (b) pay with a debit card or credit card. It just takes a decent power outage to make it worth having some cash on hand. Cash can also be a lifesaver after a natural disaster. If there are mass failures of banks, then the money supply will collapse and there will be vicious deflation, increasing the value of money held as cash.",
"Houses burn down a lot more frequently than banks fail.",
"You also have the risk that the money will be stolen, or be wholly or partially destroyed, or even lost if you stash it somewhere and forget, but the biggest danger is that routine inflation will eat up that money faster than the rats in the basement. Also bear in mind that the odds that the FDIC will insure the loss of money in a bank is much higher than the odds of a homeowner's policy believing a huge pile of cash has been burned up in your house.",
"I think that its ok to keep your \"emergency fund\" money in cash in your home, but using your closet as a personal bank doesn't seem very smart."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "There actually are legitimate reasons, but they don't apply to most people.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Here are a few that I know of: You're self-employed and have to pay quarterly estimated taxes.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
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},
{
"text": "Rather than wait for the refund when you already have to pay 1/4 of next year's taxes at the same time, you just have the IRS apply to refund forward.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
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},
{
"text": "(so you're not out the money you owe while waiting for your refund).",
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],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
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},
{
"text": "You're filing an amended or late return, and so you're already into the next year, and have a similar situation as #1, where your next year's taxes have already come due.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You're planning on declaring bankruptcy, and you're under the Tenth Circuit,",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "those credits might be safe from creditors For almost any other situation, you're better off taking the money, and using it to pay down debt, or put it somewhere to make interest (although, at the current rates, that might not be very much).",
"label": [
0
],
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],
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-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/9800/Joe",
"score": 46
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Aside from the fear that you or a loved one will spend it frivolously, I'm hard pressed to come up with another reason.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "If you'll owe money in the next tax year, you have the rest of the year to adjust your withholdings and/or make quarterly payments.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "As both my fellow PFers state, you're better off getting your money back.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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},
{
"text": "Better still, use it to pay off a high interest debt.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/187/JTP - Apologise to Monica",
"score": 20
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "If your refunds are subject to seizure because of certain debt arrears, it makes sense to let the IRS hold onto them until next year.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/25501/J. Win.",
"score": 9
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "It is a bad deal.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "It saves the government from processing your refund as a check or an ACH deposit, and lets them keep your money -- money that they overwithheld! -- interest-free for another year.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
2
]
]
},
{
"text": "Get it back. :)",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/414/mbhunter",
"score": 8
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "If you expect your taxes to be higher next year, it saves you the trouble of sending estimates or changing the withholding levels.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
3
]
]
},
{
"text": "But yes, its basically a free loan you're giving to the government.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2998/littleadv",
"score": 6
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "If you have non-salary income, you might be required to file 1040ES estimated tax for the next year on a quarterly basis.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
},
{
"text": "You can instead pay some or all in advance from your previous year's refund.",
"label": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "In theory, you lose the interest you might have made by holding that money for a few months.",
"label": [
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"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
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},
{
"text": "In practice it might be worth it to avoid needing to send forms and checks every quarter.",
"label": [
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"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "For instance if you had a $1000 estimated tax requirement and the alternative was to get 1% taxable savings account interest for six months, you'd make about $3 from holding it for the year.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
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},
{
"text": "I would choose to just pay in advance.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "If you had a very large estimation, or you could pay off a high-rate debt and get a different effective rate of return, the tradeoff may be different.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1992/poolie",
"score": 5
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The refund may offset your liability for the next year, especially if you are a Schedule \"C\" filer.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "By having your refund applied to the coming year's taxes you are building a 'protection' against a potentially high liability if you were planning to sell a building that was a commercial building and would have Capital Gains.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
5
]
]
},
{
"text": "Or you sold stock at a profit that would also put you in the Capital Gain area.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You won a large sum in a lottery, the refund could cushion a bit of the tax.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "In short, if you think you will have a tax liability in the current year then on the tax return you are filing for the year that just past, it may be to your benefit to apply the refund.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
4
]
]
},
{
"text": "If you owe money from a prior year, the refund will not be sent to you so you will not be able to roll it forward.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "One specific example is you did qualify in the prior year for the ACA.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If in the year you are currently in-",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "before you file your taxes-- you realize that you will have to pay at the end of the current year, then assigning your refund will pay part or all of the liability.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Keep in mind that the 'tax' imposed due to ACA is only collected from your refunds.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If you keep having a liability to pay or have no refunds due to you, the liability is not collected from you.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/47060/cameosun",
"score": 3
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "If your refund is so small (like $20 - $25), and it's not worth receiving, it can be put towards next years just to give you a slight edge.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/41585/Steve",
"score": 1
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Not a financially sound decision in my humble opinion.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Basically, you are prepaying your taxes and the only reason you want to do that is if you don't have the discipine to save that money for when it is time to pay next year (assuming you will have to).",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
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[
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]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/39396/JStorage",
"score": 0
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "i filed a chapter 13 and as part of the settlement with bankruptcy trustee i must give them a copy of my 1040 and any tax refunds.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I may use the carryover rule to get around losing money.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/67375/user67375",
"score": 0
}
}
] | {
"question": "Every year I get a refund and the tax software asks me if I'd like to apply some of my refund to next year's taxes. Is there some benefit I'm not seeing to this? Because it looks like a bad deal to me.",
"title": "Why would you elect to apply a refund to next year's tax bill?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<united-states><taxes>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/12698",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2410/jldugger"
} | 5_15 | [
[
"It saves you from having to keep the money aside to pay your taxes next year. Otherwise, it just lets them keep your money, interest free, for another year.",
"If you end up owing money in the next tax year, you will have the rest of the year to adjust your withholdings and/or make quarterly payments. By having your refund applied to the coming year's taxes you are building a 'protection' against a potentially high liability if you were planning to sell a building that was a commercial building and would have Capital Gains for example. It would also be advantageous if you were planning on declaring bankruptcy. It also saves the government from processing your refund as a check or an ACH deposit, and lets them keep your money interest-free for another year. Basically, you are prepaying your taxes and the only reason you want to do that is if you don't have the discipline to save that money for when it is time to pay next year (assuming you will have to). "
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
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[]
]
} | [
1
] | [
[
"If you end up owing money in the next tax year, you will have the rest of the year to adjust your withholdings and/or make quarterly payments.",
"S5: You're planning on declaring bankruptcy, and you're under the Tenth Circuit, ",
"S1: It saves the government from processing your refund as a check or an ACH deposit, and lets them keep your money -- money that they overwithheld! -- interest-free for another year. ",
"S0: If you expect your taxes to be higher next year, it saves you the trouble of sending estimates or changing the withholding levels.",
"Basically, you are prepaying your taxes and the only reason you want to do that is if you don't have the discipline to save that money for when it is time to pay next year (assuming you will have to). Also if you have non-salary income, you might be required to file 1040ES estimated tax for the next year on a quarterly basis. So if you think you will have a tax liability in the current year then on the tax return you are filing for the year that has just ended, it may be to your benefit to apply the refund. ",
"S1: By having your refund applied to the coming year's taxes you are building a 'protection' against a potentially high liability if you were planning to sell a building that was a commercial building and would have Capital Gains."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Start now.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
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-1
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},
{
"text": "It's a lot easier to save now than it is to start to save later.",
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],
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/815/Alex B",
"score": 11
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Start as early as possible and you will want to kiss your younger self when you get to retirement age.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "I know you (and everyone else at that age) thinks that they don't make enough to start saving and leans towards waiting until you get established in your career and start making better money.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
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},
{
"text": "Don't put it off.",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "Save some money out of each paycheck even if it is only $50.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
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1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Trust me, as little as you make now, you probably have more disposable income than you will when you make twice as much.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
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},
{
"text": "Your lifestyle always seems to keep up with your income and you will likely ALWAYS feel like you don't have money left over to save.",
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0
],
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],
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]
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},
{
"text": "The longer you wait, the more you are going to have to stuff away to make up for that lost time you could have been compounding your returns as shown in this table (assuming 9.4 percent average gain annually, which has been the average return on the stock market from 1926-2010).",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I also suggest reading this article when explains it in more detail:",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
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]
},
{
"text": "Who Wants to be a millionaire ?",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/149/JohnFx",
"score": 8
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Start as soon as you can and make your saving routine.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0,
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Start with whatever you feel comfortable with and be consistent.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Increase that amount with raises, income gains, and whenever you want.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1368/Troggy",
"score": 5
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Does you job offer a retirement plan? (401k, SIMPLE, etc)",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "Does your employer offer a match on contributions?",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "Typically an employer will match what you put in, up to a certain percentage (e.g. 3%).",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "So, say you contribute 3% of your paycheck into your retirement plan.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If your employer mathes that, you've effectively contributed 6%.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You've just doubled your money!",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "The best thing a young professional can do is to contribute to your employer-matched retirement plan, up to the maximum amount they will match.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
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},
{
"text": "You should do it immediately.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "If not, you are leaving money on the table.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/402/myron-semack",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Here's a good strategy: Open up a Roth IRA at a discount-broker, like TD Ameritrade, invest in no-fee ETF's, tracking an Index, with very low expense ratios (look for around .15%)",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "This way, you won't pay brokers fees whenever you buy shares, and shares are cheap enough to buy casually.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
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},
{
"text": "This is a good way to start.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "When you learn more about the market, you can check out individual stocks, exploring different market sectors, etc.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "But you won't regret starting with a good index fund.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Also, it's easy to know how well you did.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "Just listen on the radio or online for how the Dow or S&P did that day/month/year.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Your account will mirror these changes!",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5455/MattMcA",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "My basic rule I tell everyone who will listen is to always live like you're a college student - if you could make it on $20k a year, when you get your first \"real\" job at $40k (eg), put all the rest into savings to start (401(k), IRA, etc).",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "Gradually increase your lifestyle expenses after you hit major savings goals (3+ month emergency fund, house down payment, etc).",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Any time you get a raise, start by socking it all into your employer's 401(k) or similar.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "And repeat the above advice.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/969/warren",
"score": 2
}
}
] | {
"question": "I just started out with my first job and I was curious, what is a good time when I should start with my long term saving plans? Update: Thanks for the advice and I was expecting that answer. So my detailed question would be, how should I plan it? How did you guys go about it? Fixed deposits (safe)? Invest in stock markets? Any advice and personal experiences are welcome!",
"title": "When should I start saving/investing for my retirement?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<united-states><retirement><savings><retirement-plan>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/13120",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5561/zengr"
} | 5_16 | [
[
"Start as early as possible and make your savings routine. Save a little money from every paycheck. Contribute to your employer's retirement plan, they will match everything you pay in.",
"It is easier to save now than later, so start as early as possible. Start a saving routine and save something out of each paycheck. Also contribute to your employer retirement plan, to the maximum amount they will match. Act like you are a college student - live on the minimum amount you need and put all the rest into savings and save any raise you get."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
false
],
"cluster_sents_not_matched": [
[]
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} | [
1
] | [
[
"It's easier to save now than later, so start as early as possible.",
"Start a saving routine and save something out of each paycheck. Also contribute to your employer retirement plan, to the maximum amount they will match.",
"Act like you are a college student - live on the minimum amount you need and put all the rest into savings and save any raise you get."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "A simple response is that it's a good political/strategic move.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
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]
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},
{
"text": "Ford have effectively said, \"We know we still have debt, but we think the long term future is so good we can go back to paying dividends.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "\" It builds investor confidence and attracts new money.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "It can also be seen as a way of Ford indicating that they believe the type of debt (regardless of the amount)",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
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},
{
"text": "is okay for them to carry.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2124/gef05",
"score": 8
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Ford paid off a tremendous amount of debt prior to reinstating the dividend.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "While they still have a sizable amount of debt on the balance sheet, they've been able to refinance this debt to a much more affordable point.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "Their free cash flow + cash on the balance could enable them to pay it off in the very near future (12 - 16 months).",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "Most auto companies have debt on their balance sheet if they choose to offer financial services.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Their overall credit rating (if you really think such things are valid) has also improved.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
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},
{
"text": "Generally speaking, I agree its a poor idea to give money back to shareholders if you have high-interest bearing debt.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5573/RohitJ",
"score": 5
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "One reason a company might choose to pay a dividend is because of the desire of influential stockholders to receive the dividend.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "In the case of Ford, for example, there are 70 million shares of Class B stock which receive the same dividend per share as do the common stock holders.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Even though there are 3.8 billion shares of common stock, the Class B owners (which are Ford family) hold 40% of the voting power and so their desires are given much weight.",
"label": [
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "The Class B owners prefer regular dividends because if enough were to sell their Class B shares, all Class B shares (as a block) would have their voting power drop from 40% to 30%, and with further sales all special voting would be lost and each Class B share would be equivalent to a common share in voting power.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "Hence the Class B owners, both for themselves and for all of the family members holding Class B, avoid selling shares and prefer receiving dividends.",
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0
],
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],
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2742/mgkrebbs",
"score": 4
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "While Ford and the other auto makers have a bad few years, some companies want to have a cash dividend.",
"label": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "It appeals to certain investors.",
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],
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},
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"text": "Others have tried to avoid dividends: Microsoft didn't start until ~2003; Apple only from mid 80's until mid 90's.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "; Google never has had a cash dividend.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "The desire to keep the dividend, or even to increase it, make some companies continue the practice; even when it doesn't make complete sense.",
"label": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "Here is a list of stocks that have INCREASED their dividend for the last 25+ years: http://www.dividend.com/dividend-stocks/25-year-dividend-increasing-stocks.php",
"label": [
0
],
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},
{
"text": "Some have had good years,",
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],
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},
{
"text": "others bad years, in the last 25+ years.",
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],
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],
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5414/mhoran_psprep",
"score": 3
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Having a debt on a balance sheet does impact the capability and willingness of the company to pay dividend.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "But more than this it depends on the profitability of the company.",
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],
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"text": "If the company is profitable, there is no reasons why it's share holders should not be rewarded.",
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"text": "If the company does not have debt, lot of money and no profit, normally no or a symbolic dividend is paid.",
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0
],
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],
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{
"text": "It is a good move by Fort.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "Dividend is the effective way of paying something back to the shareholders.",
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],
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],
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]
]
}
],
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5334/Natwar Lath",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "As an example, Ford Motors recently reinstated its dividend. It still has a lot of debt and a high debt-equity ratio . Its bonds are still rated as junk. Why would a company like this spend its cash paying dividends? Wouldn't the long-term value of such a company be improved more by paying down debt?",
"title": "Why would a company with a bad balance sheet be paying dividends?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<stocks><debt><bonds><dividends><balance-sheet>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/13141",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/4591/dsimcha"
} | 5_17 | [
[
"They paid off a lot of debt before reinstating the dividend. They have said that they think the future is good, so it makes sense to do it.",
"Even though Ford has debts, they know that the long term future is so good so they can return to paying dividends. Ford also paid off a lot of debt prior to reinstating the dividend. Some companies might pay dividends due to pressure by influential stockholders and some companies continue the practice of paying dividends even when it doesn't make complete sense."
]
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] | [
[
"Even though Ford has debts, they know that the long term future is so good so they can return to paying dividends. Ford also paid off a lot of debt prior to reinstating the dividend.",
"A company might pay dividends due to pressure by influential stockholders and some companies continue the practice of paying dividends even when it doesn't make complete sense.",
"Having a debt on a balance sheet does impact the capability and willingness of the company to pay dividend."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "While it's not true that you have to use leverage to participate in Forex, the alternative makes it impractical for most people to be able to do so.",
"label": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "You need to be able to put a lot of money into it in order to not trade on leverage.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "The fact is, most accounts for \"normal\" people require leverage because the size of the typical contract is more than the average person can afford to risk (or usually more than the average person has).",
"label": [
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],
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Leverage, however, in the Forex market is not like Leverage in the stock or commodities market (well, they're the same thing in theory, but they are executed differently).",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "In Forex, the broker is the one lending you the money in nearly all cases, and they will cash out your position when your account balance is exhausted.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
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},
{
"text": "Thus, there is no risk for them (barring fraud or other illegal issues).",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
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},
{
"text": "Technically, I don't believe they guarantee that you will not accrue a debt, but I've never heard of anyone having their position cashed out and then owed more money.",
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],
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],
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]
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},
{
"text": "They've very good about making sure you can only spend money you've deposited.",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "To put this another way, if you have $1,000 in your account and you are leveraged to 100,000.",
"label": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Once your trade drops to $1000 in losses your position is automatically cashed out.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "There is no risk to the broker, and no risk to you (other than your $1000)...",
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
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},
{
"text": "So trading without leverage has little value, while traiding with leverage has lots of potential gain and no downsides (other than a faster rate of loss, but if you're worried about that, just trade smaller lots.)",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/6791/Erik Funkenbusch",
"score": 6
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},
{
"sents": [
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"text": "No one is FORCED to use leverage.",
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"text": "But most people do.",
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"text": "Trading companies like it because, the more leverage, the more \"business\" (and total commissions).",
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"text": "If someone starts with $1 million and leverages it up ten times to ten million, companies would rather do ten million of business than one.",
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{
"text": "That's a given.",
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"text": "On the other hand, if you're Warren Buffett or Bill Gates, and you say I want to do $1 billion of FX, no leverage, no trading company is going to turn it down.",
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"text": "More often, it's a company like IBM or Exxon Mobil that wants to do FX, no leverage, because they just earned, say $1 billion Euros.",
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{
"text": "Individuals USUALLY want to use more leverage in order to earn (or lose) more with their capital.",
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{
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"text": "It isn't that the companies force traders, it is more the other way around.",
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"text": "Traders wouldn't trade without margin.",
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"text": "The main reason is liquidity and taking advantage of minor changes in the forex quotes.",
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"text": "It goes down to pips and traders make profit(loss) on movement of pips maybe by 1 or 2 and in some cases in 1/1000 or less of a pip.",
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"text": "So you need to put in a large amount to make a profit when the quotes move up or down.",
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"text": "Supposedly if they have put in all the amount upfront, their trading options are limited.",
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"text": "And the liquidity in the market goes out of the window.",
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"text": "The banks and traders cannot make a profit with the limited amount of money available at their disposal.",
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"text": "So what they would do is borrow from somebody else, so why not the broker itself in this case maybe the forex company, and execute the trades.",
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{
"text": "So it helps everybody.",
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"text": "Forex companies make their profit from the fees, more the trades done, more the fees and hence more profit.",
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{
"text": "Traders get to put their fingers in many pies and so their chances of making profits increases.",
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{
"text": "So everybody is happy.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2001/DumbCoder",
"score": 3
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I recommended Currency Trading For Dummies , in my answer to Layman's guide to getting started with Forex (foreign exchange trading)?",
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{
"text": "The nature of the contract size points toward only putting up a fraction of the value.",
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{
"text": "The Euro FX contract size is 125,000 Euro.",
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"text": "If you wish to send the broker US$125K+ to trade this contract, go ahead.",
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"text": "Most people trade it with a few thousand dollars.",
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],
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/187/JTP - Apologise to Monica",
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Actually, most of the forex traders do not prefer the practice of leveraging.",
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"text": "In forex trading, a contract signed by a common trader is way more than any common man can afford to risk.",
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{
"text": "It is not a compulsion for the traders to use leveraging yet most of the traders practice it.",
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},
{
"text": "The other side of it is completely different.",
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},
{
"text": "Trading companies or brokers specifically like it because you turn into a kind of cash cow when your account gets exhausted.",
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{
"text": "As for trader, most of them don’t practice leveraging.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/36279/Stephany",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "I heard today that all Forex traders are forced by the Forex companies to use large leverages. Is this true? I understand this might be good for some companies, but possibly bad for the traders. How come that all Forex companies do this (if true), and no company allows to just trade without leverage?",
"title": "Are Forex traders forced to use leverage?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<foreign-exchange><leverage>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/13156",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/344/ripper234"
} | 5_18 | [
[
"It is not compulsory but most traders do it. Trading without leverage has little value. Forex companies make profit from the fees.",
"No one is forced to use leverage, yet most Traders do so. You do not have to use leverage to participate in Forex, but it is impractical for most people not to do so. Leverage in the Forex market is not like Leverage in the stock or commodities market. Trading without leverage has little value, whilst trading with leverage could have much potential gain and no disadvantages, besides a faster rate of loss. The main reason for using leverage is liquidity and to take advantage of minor changes in forex quotes. Also note that Forex companies make their profit from the fees, therefore the more trade, more fees and more profit."
]
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[
"No one is FORCED to use leverage, yet most Traders do so. You do not have to use leverage to participate in Forex, but it is impractical for most people not to do so. ",
"Leverage in the Forex market is not like Leverage in the stock or commodities market. Trading without leverage has little value, whilst trading with leverage could have much potential gain and no disadvantages, besides a faster rate of loss.",
"The main reason for using leverage is liquidity and to take advantage of minor changes in forex quotes. Also note that Forex companies make their profit from the fees, therefore the more trade, more fees and more profit."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Please note: I am not a lawyer.",
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"text": "I will assume you are in the United States.",
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"text": "In the event of a discrepancy between the written and numerical amounts on a check or other negotiable instrument , the written amount legally takes precedence over the numerical amount .",
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{
"text": "The Uniform Commercial Code states: § 3-114.",
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"text": "Contradictory terms of instrument.",
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"text": "If an instrument contains contradictory terms, typewritten terms prevail over printed terms, handwritten terms prevail over both, and words prevail over numbers.",
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{
"text": "As such, the check should be processed as $50.00, not $25.00.",
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],
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{
"text": "It is technically valid, but the discrepancy could cause it to be rejected by the bank when it is deposited.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/19932/bwDraco",
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I gather you are from the US, as you spell it check whilst in Australia",
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{
"text": "we spell it",
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},
{
"text": "cheque, but I am sure the rules should be the same in Australia as in the US in regargds to your question.",
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"text": "If the word and number amounts are different the bank or financial institution won't accept the check, so you either have to get the person who issued and signed the check to correct one of the amounts so that both amounts are the same and initial the correction, or else get them to send you a new check with both amounts matching and destroy the first check.",
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{
"text": "You will probably have less troubles though with a brand new check.",
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"answer_details": {
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "This answer is based on my recent experience (past 6 months) depositing a check in the U.S.The check in question was mismatched such that the spelled-out amount was approximately $50 less than the numeric amount.",
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},
{
"text": "The check was deposited via an online transaction with a scanned image.",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "The discrepancy was not caught by the bank until a few days later and I received an email notifying me of the error.",
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "The check was accepted by the bank, however at the amount spelled-out in words.",
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"text": "I spoke personally with a bank representative who informed me that the check was indeed valid as written but the spelled-out amount takes precedent.",
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{
"text": "This seems like a bizarre protocol to me as it will almost surely result in some party experiencing an unexpected transaction amount.",
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"text": "That being said, and to answer the question, if the spelled-out amount is correct you should let the other party know about the discrepancy, let them know you intend to deposit it that way, and go ahead an deposit it making sure to check (no pun intended) with your bank that they'll accept it as-is and not accuse you of fraud.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5963/MSlimmer",
"score": 8
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "A new cheque is suggested.",
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0
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},
{
"text": "In many countries, in case of mismatch amount in word is accepted.",
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0
],
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},
{
"text": "In few countries, these cheques are rejected.",
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0
],
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],
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},
{
"text": "Suggest, get a new cheque.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "If you have to get the old cheque initialed, you will have to send them the cheque and get it back.",
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{
"text": "BTW, in India, we too write cheque and not check.",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5334/Natwar Lath",
"score": 3
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "A check or draft must describe a certain sum of money to be paid to the drawer (the person presenting it).",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "If there is ambiguity about the amount of money to be paid, it is not valid.",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1288/duffbeer703",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "In the United States, according to the Uniform Commercial Code, when there is a difference between the words and the numerals, the words are what counts.",
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],
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/35712/Mark",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "I received a check personally written to me from a family member. The family member that wrote & sent me the check wrote where you write out the amount of what the check is suppose to be for, in words, \"Fifty Dollars-------00/00\". Then, in the box above where you write the amount with numbers, they wrote \"25.00\". They signed the check and mailed it to me to cash. What should I do?",
"title": "What if I received a check with two different amounts written on it (words vs. number)?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<check><mistakes>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/13372",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5678/AMK"
} | 5_19 | [
[
"The written amount legally takes precedence, however the bank might not accept the check if the amounts are different.",
"Where there are contradictory terms, typed terms prevail over printed, handwritten over both, and words prevail over numbers. Where there is a discrepancy between written and numerical amounts on a check, the written amount legally takes precedence over the numerical amount. If the word and number amounts differ, the bank or financial institution may not accept the check and you will have to ask the person who issued and signed it to correct one of the amounts so that both are the same and initial the correction, or ask them to send you a new check with both amounts matching."
]
] | {
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[
"Where there are contradictory terms, typed terms prevail over printed, handwritten over both, and words prevail over numbers. Where there is a discrepancy between written and numerical amounts on a check, the written amount legally takes precedence over the numerical amount.",
"If the word and number amounts differ, the bank or financial institution may not accept the check and you will have to ask the person who issued and signed the it to correct one of the amounts so that both are the same and initial the correction, or ask them to send you a new check with both amounts matching."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
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"text": "With the big nationwide firms (H&R Block, Jackson Hewitt, etc), they typically guarantee against calculation errors.",
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"text": "If you are audited as a result of their error, they will pay the associated fines and interest, as well as provide you with some sort of representation for the audit.",
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"text": "If you get audited for some other reason, you typically don't get any gratuitous services.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "I'm a CPA, and I would charge by the hour for audit defense unless the audit is due to my error.",
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"text": "The way I view",
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"text": "it is that I don't want a client to knowingly give me bad/incomplete information and then expect to hide behind the fact that I signed the return.",
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"text": "I'm here to help clients, not be a fig leaf.",
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"text": "But then again, most \"audits\"",
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"text": "I get involved in usually just require a letter of explanation to the IRS, usually stating somewhere \"correct as originally filed\", and they usually end up with no adjustment.",
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"text": "(That's the bonus of doing it right, and not playing the audit lottery.)",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/6046/ExpatTaxCPA",
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{
"sents": [
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"text": "Normally no, unless the audit was caused by their errors.",
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"text": "Some companies may offer free audit assistance as part of their package.",
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"text": "H & R Block does this in Canada if you use their tax filing software.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1851/DJClayworth",
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "A lot of the big firms and software programs also offer an additional audit \"insurance\" TurboTax audit defense is a good example.",
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},
{
"text": "http://turbotax.intuit.com/support/iq/Audit-Protection/What-is-Audit-Defense-/GEN12590.html",
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"text": "I would guess that any independent accountant would offer something like that as well.",
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"text": "If they don't offer it, I might consider looking for another accountant if that was important to me.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5074/Pablitorun",
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"sents": [
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"text": "As an accountant, I have to agree with ExpatTaxCPA.",
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"text": "If we made the error, our office fixes it free, and even covers the penalty at times (not the interest).",
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"text": "If it's due to something the taxpayer failed to give us, or something they misrepresented, it's only fair to charge them for the audit work done.",
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] | {
"question": "If I pay an accountant to prepare my taxes, and then I'm audited, is it typical for the accountant to handle the audit as part of the original filing fee, or will he/she charge me by the hour to deal with the audit? I understand there's probably variance between accounting firms, but I'm wondering what the most common case is?",
"title": "If I'm audited, will the accountant who prepared my taxes charge me an additional fee to handle the audit?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<united-states><taxes><income-tax>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/13960",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/4401/Finch"
} | 5_20 | [
[
"Some companies offer audit insurance or offer free audit assistance.",
"Some accountancy firms, especially the larger ones, usually guarantee against calculation errors, so that if you are audited as a result of their error, they will be responsible for any associated fines and interest, and represent you for the audit. If the audit was not due to their error, they would charge by the hour. Some companies and software programs also offer free audit assistance as part of a package or additional insurance to cover an audit."
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"Some accountancy firms, especially the larger ones, usually guarantee against calculation errors, so that if you are audited as a result of their error, they will be responsible for any associated fines and interest, and represent you for the audit. If the audit was not due to their error, they would charge by the hour.",
"Some companies and software programs also offer free audit assistance as part of a package or additional insurance to cover an audit."
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[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "What is your investing goal?",
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"text": "And what do you mean by investing?",
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"text": "Do you necessarily mean investing in the stock market or are you just looking to grow your money?",
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"text": "Also, will you be able to add to that amount on a regular basis going forward?",
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"text": "If you are just looking for a way to get $100 into the stock market, your best option may be DRIP investing .",
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"text": "(DRIP stands for Dividend Re-Investment Plan.)",
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"text": "The idea is that you buy shares in a company (typically directly from the company) and then the money from the dividends are automatically used to buy additional fractional shares.",
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"text": "Most DRIP plans also allow you to invest additional on a monthly basis (even fractional shares).",
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"text": "The advantages of this approach for you is that many DRIP plans have small upfront requirements.",
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"text": "I just looked up Coca-cola's and they have a $500 minimum, but they will reduce the requirement to $50 if you continue investing $50/month.",
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"text": "The fees for DRIP plans also generally fairly small which is going to be important to you as if you take a traditional broker approach too large a percentage of your money will be going to commissions.",
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"text": "Other stock DRIP plans may have lower monthly requirements, but don't make your decision on which stock to buy based on who has the lowest minimum: you only want a stock that is going to grow in value.",
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"text": "They primary disadvantages of this approach is that you will be investing in a only a single stock (I don't believe that can get started with a mutual fund or ETF with $100), you will be fairly committed to that stock, and you will be taking a long term investing approach.",
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"text": "The Motley Fool investing website also has some information on DRIP plans : http://www.fool.com/DRIPPort/HowToInvestDRIPs.htm .",
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"text": "It's a fairly old article, but I imagine that many of the links still work and the principles still apply If you are looking for a more medium term or balanced investment, I would advise just opening an online savings account.",
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"text": "If you can grow that to $500 or $1,000 you will have more options available to you.",
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"text": "Even though savings accounts don't pay significant interest right now, they can still help you grow your money by helping you segregate your money and make regular deposits into savings.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5973/David Ogren",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Sure.",
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"text": "For starters, you can put it in a savings account.",
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"text": "Don't laugh, they used to pay noticeable interest.",
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},
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"text": "You know, back in the olden days.",
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"text": "You could buy an I-bond from Treasury Direct .",
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"text": "They're a government savings bond that pays a specified amount of interest (currently 0%, I believe), plus the amount of the inflation rate (something like 3.5% currently, I believe).",
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"text": "You don't get paid the money -- the I-bond grows in value till you sell it.",
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"text": "You can open a discount brokerage account, and buy 1 or more shares of stock in a company you like.",
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"text": "Discount brokerages generally have a minimum of $500 or so, but will waive that if you set the account up as an IRA.",
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"text": "Scot Trade, for instance.",
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"text": "(An IRA, in case you didn't know, is a type of account that's tax free",
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"text": "but you can't touch it till you turn 59 1/2.",
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"text": "It's meant to help you save for retirement.)",
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{
"text": "Incidentally, watch out of \"small account\" fees that some brokerages might charge you.",
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"text": "Generally they're annual or monthly charges they'd charge you to cover their costs on your account -- since they're certainly not going to make it in commissions.",
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"text": "That IRA at Scot Trade is no-fee.",
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{
"text": "Speaking of commissions, those will be a big chunk of that $100.",
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"text": "It'll be like $7-$10 to buy that stock -- a pretty big bite.",
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"text": "However, many of these discount brokerages also offer some mutual funds for no commission.",
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"text": "Those mutual funds, in turn, have minimums too, but once again if your account's an IRA many will waive the minimum or set it low -- like $100.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5393/Patches",
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"sents": [
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"text": "You could also start a business.",
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},
{
"text": "I ran a project called the Thousand Rand Challenge a few years ago in South Africa where we supported people in starting a business for about $100 each.",
"label": [
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},
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"text": "Some of them were surprisingly profitable.",
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"text": "You can find a few ideas at the wiki site.",
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"answer_details": {
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"sents": [
{
"text": "Yes, it is.",
"label": [
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{
"text": "Got to start somewhere.",
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{
"text": "Typically directly through a company itself.",
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},
{
"text": "Check out this site that lists a bunch of them and their minimum requirements.",
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{
"text": "Not many only accept $100 but there are a few.",
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{
"text": "ie.",
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{
"text": "ACTIVEnergy Income Fund , CIBC , COMPASS Income Fund ,",
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},
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"text": "Suncor Energy Inc. and a few others.",
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5629/RDL",
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},
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"sents": [
{
"text": "There are websites out there that let people apply for micro-loans, and let other people fund those loans, and get a percent of the interest back as the loans are paid off.",
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"text": "I have heard of people with spare cash \"investing\" in these sites.",
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"text": "However, I don't think there is a guarantee of return of your money, and I have heard mixed reviews by people, so I will not link to any such sites here.",
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"answer_details": {
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"sents": [
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"text": "A safe investment would be to get a 5-year CD from Ally Bank.",
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"text": "No minimum deposit and no monthly maintenance fees.",
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"text": "1.74% APY at the moment.",
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"text": "I would choose a 5-year CD since the early withdrawal penalty is only 60 days interest, which will be negligible for a $100 investment and increasing the term significantly increases your interest rate.",
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"text": "Regarding other suggestions: Even if you find a way purchase stock commission free, it will probably cost a $5-$10 commission to sell, wiping out probably a year or two of gains.",
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"text": "Also, I-Bonds must be held for a year minimum, which is problematic.",
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"text": "At the end of the day, it's probably not really worth your time to do any of these.",
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"text": "$2 a year or $5 a year, it's still fairly insignificant and your time is surely worth more than that.",
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] | {
"question": "Is it feasible to invest a very small amount of money? If it is, how can I attain it?",
"title": "How can I invest my $100?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<investing><investment-strategies>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/14024",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5970/John Isaiah Carmona"
} | 5_21 | [
[
"You can open a discount brokerage account and buy a share in a company you like. The money from the dividends could go into adding shares. A savings account can also be a good option for putting money aside.",
"You could buy shares in a company and use the money from the dividends to buy additional shares, or buy an I-bond from Treasury Direct. Even though the interest is not significant right now, putting money in a savings account can still help grow your money, especially if you make regular deposits. You could also start a business. A 5-year CD from Ally Bank would be a safe option."
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"Buy shares in a company and use money from the dividends to buy additional shares",
"Buy an I-bond from Treasurey Direct.",
"Put in a savings account. Even though interest not significant now can still help grow your money, especially if you make regular deposits",
"Start a business",
"A 5-year CD from Ally Bank would be a safe option or put in a savings account."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Using your credit card: May earn points for your credit card rewards program Major credit cards usually have lower APR's than store credit cards, so smaller interest charges if it takes you a while to pay Convenience of all expenses appearing on one bill, easier to pay down Applying for a store credit card: May get one-time discount, or several months of no interest, for opening an account Hassle of applying for a new account Hassle of them trying to sell you credit protection, insurance, etc for additional fees",
"label": [
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"label_summ": [
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"text": "Hard credit pull will hurt your credit score for a brief time Additional available credit may help your credit score Additional available credit may tempt you to go more into debt Additional account may help or hurt your credit score, depending on your number of accounts and their average age May be a big hassle to close account if desired",
"label": [
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"text": "In general it is far better to not buy bigger items like a computer until you can pay cash, or pay for it on credit card (to get reward points) and then pay off the card the next month",
"label": [
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"label_summ": [
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"text": "so you don't pay interest.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Since you have a credit card, I recommend you use it for the purchase.",
"label": [
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},
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"text": "It gets you two things at the very least: Gets the purchases reported as credit utilization.",
"label": [
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},
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"text": "If you handle that correctly, you can improve your score",
"label": [
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"text": "Most card vendors give free extended warranty and return policies that a retailer or manufacturer does not without extra fees.",
"label": [
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"text": "I buy all my electronics using my cards and not only does that optimize my scores",
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"text": "but I have been able to enjoy painless/better RMAs for defective products just because my AmEx card would have refunded me the money anyways and the retailers knew it (AmEx would have recovered it from them in the end",
"label": [
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"text": "so it was in their interest to resolve the matter within 30 days)",
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "As far as the money goes, it all comes down to the terms.",
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},
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"text": "What is going to cost you the least?",
"label": [
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"label_summ": [
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Look for hidden fees and costs with the store credit.",
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "You will need to read the fine print of the credit agreement",
"label": [
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"cluster_id": [
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},
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"text": "some automatically sign you up for a service that will cost you extra money every month.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "Compare what the costs are going to be over the term you will pay it off.",
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"cluster_id": [
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},
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"text": "A good calculator to help you figure this out is http://www.amortization-calc.com/ It is designed with larger loans but works for smaller loans too.",
"label": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "Realize that you will have to add fees and finance charges into the total loan amount to get a good comparison.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "** Unless you NEED a computer you should wait until you can afford to pay for it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Charging these types of expenses tends to lead down to a pit of debt that is hard to get out of.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Wanting a computer really bad is not the same as a need.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/None/",
"score": 5
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The downside of the store card is that the \"deal\" for using the card is typically 6-12 months of \"no payments\" or \"no interest\".",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "In reality, the \"deal\" is deferred payments/interest.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The problem is, if you miss any payment, or fail to pay the computer off in full, you'll have to pay for the accrued interest -- at a rate typically 25% or higher.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "That means if you buy your computer for $1,000, and pay $999 at the end of 12 months, you may have to pay $250 in accrued interest.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "These cards can be great deals, just be really careful!",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1288/duffbeer703",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "In my experience dealing with credit cards and store cards, you may find that the store card is much more flexible than the credit card in terms of the enforcement of the card agreement.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
2
]
]
},
{
"text": "For instance, I've missed payments on credit cards and only been 1 day late and saw a rate increase, but on a store card when the same thing happened, it was like they didn't even notice.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Granted, this was a 100% store card with no VISA/MC logo on it, and it was through their bank.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "This may not be true of all store cards and your experience may differ, but I felt like the store card was more of a tool for acquiring the merchandise and helping the store make a sale than it was for some big bank to make money off of my interest.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "With credit cards, you are the product, and the bank makes money purely from interest.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The store, on the other hand, makes money from selling the product, and credit helps increase sales.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "My suggestion is to avoid credit altogether as all debt is risk, but if you must use credit, you may have a better experience with the store card.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Of course, don't forget to consider the interest rates, payment plan, and other fees that may apply as they may affect your decision in terms of which to go with.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5583/jmort253",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "I am interested on buying a computer (approximate cost USD 600). I can pay for it either with my credit card, or apply for credit in the computer store. What are the advantages of using one form of payment over the other?",
"title": "Is it better to buy a computer on my credit card, or on credit from the computer store?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<credit-card><interest-rate><credit><shopping>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/14250",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/6072/Enrique"
} | 5_22 | [
[
"Since you already have the credit card, you may as well use that. You may earn points and credit cards generally have lower APRs than store credit. Make sure you check the terms of the store credit carefully.",
"Credit cards have the advantage of sometimes having lower interest charges over a longer period. They also have the convenience of all your expenses showing on one bill. You can also earn points by using your credit card. In the end which to use depends on the terms. With store credit you may get a one-time discount or several months of no interest but you need to look for hidden costs. There is also the hassle of the store trying to sell you credit protection, insurance etc. On the other hand store cards may be more flexible with respect to enforcement of the card agreement. A good calculator to use to help you figure this out is http://www.amortization-calc.com. "
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
false
],
"cluster_sents_not_matched": [
[]
]
} | [
1
] | [
[
"Credit card has the advantage of sometimes having lower interest charges over a longer period. It also has the convenience of all your expenses showing on one bill. You can also earn points by using your credit card.",
"In the end which to use depends on the terms.",
"With store credit you may get a one-time discount or several months of no interest but you need to look for hidden costs. There is also the hassle of the store trying to sell you credit protection, insurance etc. On the other hand store cards may be more flexible with respect to enforcement of the card agreement.",
"A good calculator to use to help you figure this out is http://www.amortization-calc.com. "
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Many banks offer online payment.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "He can add a payee and just type your name and address in.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The bank will mail the check out if they cannot deliver payment electronically.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "Edit: Recently I came across this ( Citibank Global Transfer )",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": ", you and your friend should see if your bank offers a similar service.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Citibank requires both of you to have an account with them.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/6564/Kirill Fuchs",
"score": 11
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Three ideas: Bank Wires can be done via telephone.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "Your partner should talk to someone at his bank about getting his account authorized to do this.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You can setup some sort of business presence in the United States, and then wire money to your Indonesian bank.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Get squared away with PayPal",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "so your suspension is lifted.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "PayPal is probably the best/cheapest way to transfer small/medium amounts of money overseas.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1288/duffbeer703",
"score": 10
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Most bank bill pay services will work for this purpose.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Generally you can pay any person or business that has a valid address.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "As an added Paypal will no longer take ~3% of the money.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1873/stoj",
"score": 4
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Not to overkill the theres a few more I can think of right now ING Direct Orange Checking Savings Western Union and monygram essentially same options (variable transaction reate) Dwolla great service for $0.25 per transaction",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/6764/frugalnaire",
"score": 3
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Have his bank put the money on a gift card or gift cards and have somebody send them to you in the mail.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "In fact, if you are going to spend the money online all you need is the numbers and codes from the card to spend the money.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If you have more time have the bank send you a cashiers check or money order.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5414/mhoran_psprep",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "If wire transfer through your bank does not work then perhaps one of the more popular money transfer services may be what you are looking for such as MoneyGram or Western Union.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Now these rely on a trusted \"registered\" third party to do the money transfer so you need to make sure that you are working with a legitimate broker.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Each money transfer service has a site that allows you to perform the search on registered parties around your area.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "There are certain fees that are sometimes applied due to the amount being transferred.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "All of these you will want to do some detailed research on before you make the transfer so that you do not get scammed.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I would suggest doing a lot of research and asking people that you trust to recommend a trusted broker.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
2
]
]
},
{
"text": "I have not personally used the services, but doing a quick search brought many options with different competitive conversion rates as well as fees.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Good luck.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/464/Eric",
"score": 2
}
}
] | {
"question": "My friend is a paraplegic. He can't go to the bank and wire the money. He used to send money from our partnership via paypal. Now I am banned from paypal. What's the alternative? Google checkout? I need something that won't limit my account. I'm in Indonesia and my friend is in the US.",
"title": "How can my friend send $3K to me without using Paypal?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<banking><bank-account><currency><money-transfer>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/15422",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/6296/user4951"
} | 5_23 | [
[
"You can wire money by telephone or using a bank's online service. You could also try MoneyGram and Western Union to wire money.",
"Many banks offer online payment or will offer bank wires via telephone. Banks will also mail a check out if they cannot deliver payment electronically. The bank could also put the money on a gift card and send them to you in the mail. If wire transfer through your bank does not work then use one of the more popular money transfer services such as MoneyGram or Western Union. You could also find a recommend, trusted broker. "
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
false
],
"cluster_sents_not_matched": [
[]
]
} | [
1
] | [
[
"Many banks offer online payment or will offer bank wires via telephone. Banks will also mail a check out if they cannot deliver payment electronically. The bank could also put the money on a gift card and send them to you in the mail.",
"If wire transfer through your bank does not work then use one of the more popular money transfer services such as MoneyGram or Western Union.",
"You could also find a recommend, trusted broker. "
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Account number are Unique based on the following combinations, based on manual banking practise of early days;",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "-Country -Bank -Branch",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "-Location",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "-Account",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Number",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "-Currency",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "-Account Type [Savings, Checking]",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "With the current computerization, there are quite a few items that have been coded into the number, for example Branch, Currency, Account Number and Account Type are part of account number.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Overall there are some attempts to standardize the account number so that they can be unique across the world as described as littleadv.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1113/Dheer",
"score": 7
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Within the bank or group of banks owned by the same company the account number is unique.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "What is unique is the bank id number and account number combination.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If the bank ID number doesn't match a banking institution, the transaction will not be completed.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If you are unlucky and your mistake in writing the bank id number does match a bank, you have to hope the account number doesn't match.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The name's do not have to match.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Checks have been deposited with incorrect spelling, nick names vs formal names.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Mr. and Mrs ...",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5414/mhoran_psprep",
"score": 6
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "There are two unique identifiers for a bank account: SWIFT code + bank internal identifier, or IBAN code.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "IBAN is mostly used within European banking system, and the whole code provides a direct and unique identification of the account.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "SWIFT is an international network where each bank/bank branch has its own address, and account number is a metadata added to the message for the receiving bank to handle.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Usually the name of the recipient and additional information are required when wiring money through the SWIFT network, to match the records and make sure there's no mistake.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Account numbers don't have to be unique, not even within the same bank.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "There's always something else in addition to uniquely identify them.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2998/littleadv",
"score": 4
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "This is just my experience",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "but I think I have to put in the account holder's name or last name to check that I'm sending it to who I think I'm sending to.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/6061/theproxy",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "From personal experience, I can tell you that bank account numbers are not unique.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
-1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Someone from another branch of my bank was able to withdraw money from my account at my branch because they had the same account number.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You are supposed to enter your branch number on the withdrawal slip in front of your account number.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The person who got my money did not do this.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Because it was at my branch, the teller debited my account for the transaction.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I caught this on my monthly statement and immediately complained to my branch manager.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "He was able to retrieve the withdrawal slip and saw what had happened.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "He credited my account and said he was going to talk to the teller who should have asked for the branch number and/or should have noticed that the name and address on the withdrawal slip did not match those on my account.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I would not have thought that the bank would allow this situation considering how many numbers are available to assign but they did.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/6755/Barry Schwartz",
"score": 2
}
}
] | {
"question": "If somebody sends me money and I write the swift code wrong, will the money go somewhere else? I know bank account numbers are unique within a bank, but will are they unique globally? Update: I found a case titled Money withdrawn to wrong bank account and no response from Paypal (fortunately not my case)",
"title": "Are bank account numbers unique?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<banking><bank-account><deposits><world>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/15528",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/6296/user4951"
} | 5_24 | [
[
"The bank id number and account number combination will be unique. ",
"Most people believe that within a bank or group of banks owned by the same company that account numbers are uunique, but some people have had the unfortunate experience that this is not the case. What is unique is the bank id number and account number combination. There are two unique identifiers for a bank account: SWIFT code + IBAN code. "
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
true
],
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[]
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} | [
1
] | [
[
"Most people believe that within a bank or group of banks owned by the same company that account numbers are uunique, but some people have had the unfortunate experience that this is not the case.",
"What is unique is the bank id number and account number combination. There are two unique identifiers for a bank account: SWIFT code + IBAN code. "
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "There are legitimate reasons:",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "She is a sole proprietor, and doesn't want to give out her last name.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
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},
{
"text": "She doesn't participate in the banking system for various reasons, and hands the check to a third party.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
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},
{
"text": "She may have had an unpleasant audit experience with the tax authorities and wants to maintain a smaller record footprint.",
"label": [
1
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
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},
{
"text": "She may have an abusive spouse or some other personal situation where she values her anonymity.",
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "I wouldn't jump the gun and assume that this person is avoiding taxes, etc.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Barbers are usually licensed professions.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "Since it's generally a cash business, they tend to get audited more often by the tax authorities.",
"label": [
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"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "That said, I wouldn't pay her with a check -- you have no idea who is actually cashing the check, and you could run into issues with unknown third parties misusing your account information.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1288/duffbeer703",
"score": 21
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "There are benefits associated with a cash only business (the link states a few).",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "However checks made out to \"cash\"",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "don't reap those benefits listed.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "For anyone on SE to say your barber hides revenue from the IRS would just be speculation.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "With that said there are a great number of disadvantages for a cash only business.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "And from my experience, a business that goes out of their way to take cash only can be a little suspicious.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
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},
{
"text": "Luckily you are not committing any crimes or fraud by paying her cash.",
"label": [
1
],
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1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
4
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/6564/Kirill Fuchs",
"score": 11
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "To put a positive spin on the whole thing, maybe it's a small family shop, and having the check made out to \"cash\" means that your barber can hand it to someone else without the need to countersign.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
3
]
]
},
{
"text": "Or maybe his last name is \"Cash\"",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "- there was a pretty famous singer who fit that description.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Either way, it's not your place to nanny his finances.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/969/warren",
"score": 7
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "They're hiding income.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The IRS is a likely candidate for who they are hiding it from but not the only option.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Another possibility that comes to mind is someone who had a judgment against them--a check made out to \"cash\" could be handled by someone else and thus not ever appear in their bank accounts.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1,
2
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1884/Loren Pechtel",
"score": 3
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "If the business owner doesn't want you to pay him directly, the only reason I can think of is breaking a law.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "It can be because the business doesn't legally exists, or because the barber wants to evade taxes, or because he doesn't pay his child support or doesn't want his income to be apparent to his debtors in a bankruptcy proceedings.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Either way, stinks.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2998/littleadv",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "My barber accepts only cash or checks made out to \"Cash\". Is there a likely legitimate reason she might want the checks made out to \"Cash\"? Or am I helping her hide her revenue from the IRS?",
"title": "A merchant requests that checks be made out to \"Cash\". Should I be suspicious?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<united-states><taxes><small-business><check><fraud>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/15625",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/6203/Jeremy Stein"
} | 5_25 | [
[
"It means that she hands her checks to a third party. She might have a judgment against her and can't hold a bank account. It could also mean that the business doesn't legally exist or because they want to evade taxes. You are not committing a crime by paying in cash.",
"People may presume the only reason to ask for a check made to cash is that they are breaking the law e.g. to evade taxes, to not pay child support or hide income in bankruptcy proceedings or have had a judgement made against them. It could be the simplest of reasons such as them not having a bank account. They may have had bad experience with the tax authorities so want to maintain a smaller record footprint or there may be a genuine reason, such as they have an abusive spouse or other personal situation where anonymity is necessary or simply that as a small shop having the check made out to cash means they can just hand to someone else without countersigning. In any case, you are not committing any crime or fraud by paying in cash."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
false
],
"cluster_sents_not_matched": [
[]
]
} | [
1
] | [
[
"It could be the simplest of reasons such as them not having a bank account, so needing to hand to a third party.",
"People may presume the only reason is that they are breaking the law e.g. to evade taxes, to not pay child support or hide income in bankruptcy proceedings or have had a judgement made against them.",
"They may have had bad experience with the tax authorities so want to maintain a smaller record footprint or",
"There may be a genuine reason, such as they have an abusive spouse or other personal situation where anonymity is necessary or simply that as a small shop having the check made out to cash means they can just hand to someone else without countersigning.",
"In any case, you are not committing any crime or fraud by paying in cash."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The simple answer: Because you believe every other option can yield greater losses...",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "So the thinking is; Lend it to France",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "you'll get your money back.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Put your money in a bank and there's a chance you won't get it back if the bank goes bust.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Investors also believe that rates will continue to go more negative, in which case they will actually MAKE money.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "It's a momentum play which will eventually reverse but since the Bond market is extremely liquid, it's a bet that can quickly be unwound.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Another theory floating around is that if the weaker countries of the euro leave (e.g. Greece, etc) and the core keep the euro, then the value of the euro will actually rise.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "So by putting your money in French or German bonds you would also be securing cash in French or German euro's.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "- Thinking the unthinkable on a euro break-up - Gavyn Davies",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/6564/Kirill Fuchs",
"score": 31
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The only reason I can think of would be if you were convinced that you couldn't hold on to your money.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Treasury Bonds are often viewed as very safe investments, and often used in some situations where cash isn't appropriate..",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "Also, they typically have a somewhat patriotic theme, helping your country to grow.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "In addition, many people don't really pay attention to the rate of the bonds, but are just investing in them.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
3
]
]
},
{
"text": "The more people investing in them, the lower the yields become.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "But the bottom line is, I would invest in a savings account any day over a negative interest rate...",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "And it looks like I'm in good company as well, a quick study of reports seems to indicate that these are a very bad investment...",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/3016/PearsonArtPhoto",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Savings accounts have limitations in case a bank goes belly up and you have a higher amount in the account (more than the insured amount).",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Mostly big corporations or pension funds cannot rely on a bank to secure their cash but",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "a government bond is secured (with some fine print) and hence they are willing to take negative interest rates.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
-1
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/24494/Nilesh",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The average joe wouldn't... we would bury our cash in a mayonaise jar before we would take a guaranteed loss...",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "(although the argument could be made that a positive return that doesnt outpace inflation IS a negative return)...",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "big corporations with billions on hand dont have that luxury however...",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "some investments may also guarantee investors that a certain percentage be allocated to bonds... and in times of deflation a negative return could still provide a net positive return...",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/27495/Jeff",
"score": 1
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Possibly you could use it as a hedging instrument if it's correlated in some way with another asset you're holding.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Even though it seems you're losing money with such a bond, that loss might be less than the hedging costs associated with other instruments.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/27470/Chan-Ho Suh",
"score": 1
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The only reason I can think of is that the bonds are bought automatically by some investment pools, groups or institutions.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
3
]
]
},
{
"text": "That will stop very quickly once the management finds some other place to put the money.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/39152/duey",
"score": 0
}
}
] | {
"question": "I read that France is selling bonds at Negative Interest Rates , and more recently Germany Started in 2016 . I understand why this is beneficial for France, but why in the world would I pay money to let someone hold my money ? Thanks for the update 200_success",
"title": "Why would I buy a Bond at a Negative Interest rate?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<investing><government-bonds>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/15963",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/312/C. Ross"
} | 5_26 | [
[
"Every other option could yield greater losses. Investors believe that rates will go more negative and they will make money. In times of deflation, a negative return could provide a net positive return. ",
"Treasury bonds are often viewed as safe investments where cash isn't appropriate. Bonds are sometimes bought automatically by investment pools or institutions and many people don't pay attention to the rate of the bonds. Some people also believe that other options will yield even greater losses and even though it may appear that you are losing money with such a bond, it might still be less than hedging costs associated with other options. In addition, some investments guarantee a certain percentage is allocated to bonds and in times of deflation, negative bonds can still provide a net positive return."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
true
],
"cluster_sents_not_matched": [
[]
]
} | [
1
] | [
[
"You may believe that every other option will yeild even greater losses and even though it may appear that you are losing money with such a bond, it might still be less than hedging costs associated with other options.",
"Some investments guarantee a certain percentage is allocated to bonds and in times of deflation, negative bonds can still provide a net positive return.",
"Treasury bonds are viewed as safe investments where cash isn't appropriate.",
"Bonds are sometimes bought automatically by investment pools or institutions and many people don't pay attention to the rate of the bonds."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The moment the dividend is announced, especially from a company that doesn't normally pay dividends, the dividend is factored into everybody's analysis.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "In the absence of any other news the price of apple would be expected to drop once the dividend in locked in.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Why would I buy shares from you at full price one day after the dividend is paid, if I will have to wait for the next dividend?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Also keep in mind the dividend was announced on July 24th, and is given to shareholders of record on August 13th.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You are way behind the curve.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5414/mhoran_psprep",
"score": 7
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "No , the dividends can't be exploited like that.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "Dividends settlement are tied to an ex-dividend date.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "The ex-dividend, is the day that allows you to get a dividend if you own the stock.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Since a buyer of the stock after this date won't get the dividend, the price usually drop by the amount of the dividend.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "In your case the price of a share would lose $2.65 and you will be credited by $2.65 in cash such that your portfolio won't change in value due to the dividend.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Also, you can't exploit the drop in price by short-selling, as you would be owing the dividend to the person lending you the stock for the short sale.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "Finally, the price of the stock at the ex-dividend will also be affected by the supply and demand, such that you can't be precisely sure of the drop in price of the security.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5979/Mesop",
"score": 5
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "In an ideal world Say on 24th July the share price of Apple was $600.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Everyone knows that they will get the $ 2.65 on 16th August.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "There is not other news that is affecting the price.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You want to go in and buy the shares on 16th Morning at $600 and then sell it on 17th August at $600.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Now in this process you have earned sure shot $2.65/- Or in an ideal world when the announcement is made on 24th July",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": ", why would I sell it at $600, when I know if I wait for few more days I will get $2.65/-",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "so i will be more inclined to sell it at $602.65 /-",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "...",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
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"text": "so on 16th Aug after the dividend is paid out, the share price will be back to $600/-",
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"text": "In a real world, dividend or no dividend the share price would be moving up or down ...",
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"text": "Notice that the dividend amount is less than 1% of the stock price ...",
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"text": "so if you are trying to do what is described in paragraph one, then you may be disappointed as the share price may go down as well by more than $2.65 you have made",
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"text": "Yes, somebody could buy the shares, receive the dividend, and then sell the shares back.",
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"text": "However, the price he would get when he sells the shares back is, ignoring other reasons for the price to change, exactly the amount he paid minus the dividend.",
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"text": "In addition to the other answers it's also noteworthy that the stock exchanges themselves adjust the price quotes via their ex-div mechanism.",
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"text": "All limit orders present in the book when the stock goes ex-div will be adjusted by the dividend.",
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"text": "Which means you can't even get \"accidentally\" filled in the very unlikely case that everyone forgot to adjust their quotes.",
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"question": "Apple announced a dividend of $2.65/share on August 16th. I was thinking... could somebody buy, say 1,000 shares of Apple, receive the dividend, and then sell the shares right back? http://www.latimes.com/business/technology/la-fi-tn-apple-dividends-20120724,0,6646852.story",
"title": "Can dividends be exploited?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<stocks><dividends><stock-exchanges><stock-markets>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/16425",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2239/Kirk Ouimet"
} | 5_27 | [
[
"Dividends are tied to a date. You can't exploit the drop in price by short-selling. You would have to pay back the dividend.",
"Dividends cannot really be exploited. They are tied to an ex-dividend date. In addition, you cannot exploit the drop in price by short-selling, as you would owe the dividend to whoever has lent you the stock. Somebody could, in principle buy shares, receive the dividend and then sell the shares back, but the price they would get on selling back would be the same as they paid, minus the dividend. Also, the stock exchanges themselves adjust the price quotes via their ex-div mechanism."
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"Dividends cannot really be exploited. They are tied to an ex-dividend date. In addition, you cannot exploit the drop in price by short-selling, as you would owe the dividend to whoever has lent you the stock.",
"Somebody could, in principle buy shares, receive the divident and then sell the shares back, but the price they would get on selling back would be the same as they paid, minus the dividend.",
"The stock exchanges themselves adjust the price quotes via their ex-div mechanism"
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"sents": [
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"text": "The opposite of a hedge is leverage (aka gearing).",
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"text": "A hedge is where you spend money to reduce your exposure.",
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"text": "Leverage is where you spend money to increase your exposure.",
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"text": "Spread bets are a form of leverage - that's what makes them such an effective way to lose all your money, quickly.",
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"text": "The opposite of a hedge is nothing.",
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"text": "Because if you don't want to hedge you bets, you don't, therefore you merely have the original bet .",
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"text": "The opposite state of being hedged, is being unhedged .",
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"text": "I guess the opposite of being hedged is being unhedged .",
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"text": "Typically, a hedge is an additional position that you would take on in order to mitigate the potential for losses on another position.",
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"text": "I'll give an example: Say that I purchase 100 shares of stock XYZ at $10 per share because I believe its price will increase in the future.",
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"text": "At that point, my full investment of $1000 is at risk, so the position is not hedged.",
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"text": "If the price of XYZ decreases to $8, then I've lost $200.",
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"text": "If the price of XYZ increases to $12, then I've gained $200; the profit/loss curve has a linear relationship to the future stock price.",
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"text": "Suppose that I decide to hedge my XYZ position by purchasing a put option .",
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"text": "I purchase a single option contract (corresponding to my 100 shares) with a strike price of $10 and an expiration date in January 2013 for a price of $0.50/share.",
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"text": "This means that until the contract expires, I can always sell my XYZ shares for a minimum of $10.",
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"text": "Therefore, if the price of XYZ decreases to $8, then I've only lost $50 (the price of the option contract), compared to the $200 that I would have lost if the position was unhedged.",
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"text": "Likewise, however, if the price increases to $12, then I've only gained a net total of $150 due to the money I spent on the hedge.",
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"text": "(the details of how much money you would actually lose in the hedged scenario are simplified out above; even out-of-the-money options retain some value before expiration, but pricing of options is outside of the scope of this post)",
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"text": "So, as a more pointed answer to your question, I would say that the hedged/unhedged status of a position can be characterized by its potential for loss.",
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"text": "If you don't have any other assets that will increase in value to offset losses on your position of interest, I would call it unhedged.",
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"text": "There is no opposite of a hedge, except not having a hedge at all.",
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"text": "A \"hedge\" isn't directional.",
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"text": "If you are short, you hedge by having something that minimizes your losses if you are wrong.",
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"text": "If you are long, you hedge by having something that minimizes your losses if it decreases in value.",
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"text": "If you own a house, you hedge by having insurance.",
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"text": "There are \"hedged bets\" and \"unhedged bets\"",
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"text": "I'd say the opposite of hedging is speculating .",
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"text": "If you are convinced an asset will appreciate in value, or rather the probability of gains is enough to induce you to hold the asset, you are a speculator.",
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"text": "There are lots of ways of speculating, including holding risky assets without hedging that risk and possibly magnifying that risk and return via leverage or the embedded leverage in a derivative contract.",
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"text": "Generally speaking, if in expectation you are paying to reduce your risk, you are a hedger.",
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"text": "If you are (in expectation) being paid to bear the risk that otherwise someone else would bear, you are a speculator.",
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"text": "The word speculation has been tainted by politicians and others trying to vilify the practice, but at the end of the day it's what we are all doing when we buy stock or any other risky asset.",
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"question": "As an example of what I mean, when you buy a stock but are afraid that it might go down, you \"hedge\" your bet. What is the opposite of a hedge? In other words, what do you do if you are convinced it will go up in value and you want to profit from it?",
"title": "What is the opposite of a hedge?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<terminology><hedging>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/18278",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/7091/n00b"
} | 5_28 | [
[
"The opposite of hedge is leverage. You could also call it speculating. ",
"You could say that the opposite of a hedge is leverage or gearing or speculating. Or simply the opposite of a hedge is simply not having a hedge at all or being unhedged. "
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"You could say that the opposite of a hedge is leverage or gearing.",
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"The opposite of a hedge is being unhedged.",
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"text": "\"ASSUMING a person knows how to use and invest their money wisely\" I'd ask if you were wise enough to beat the investments offered in your 401(k) after expenses, and with respect to the potential tax savings.",
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"text": "Then, since I'm a proponent of \"deposit to the match, even if you have to eat rice and beans to find the cash to do\" I'll extend the question to ask if you can beat the choices taking the match into account.",
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"text": "401(k)",
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"text": "- Your $1000 starts as $1500 and has a tax due on withdrawal years later.",
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"text": "AeroAccount - You start with $750 (after the tax) and might spend a decade before hitting $1500.",
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"text": "Start your own company?",
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"text": "But to invest in the market and still beat the matched 401(k) takes a bit more wisdom than I'd claim to have.",
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"text": "A 50% company match on your 401(k) is a huge amount of free money.",
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"text": "You'd have to absolutely crush the professional money managers to justify turning it down.",
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"text": "If you can do that, you should quit your job and do it full-time.",
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"text": "ASSUMING a person knows how to use and invest their money wisely, would it still be a bad idea to entirely disregard a 401k plan?",
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"text": "Yes.",
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"text": "A 401k, like an IRA, is a \"qualified plan\" and as such enjoys certain legal protections.",
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"text": "For a Roth 401k, the taxes are paid now and the interest accumulates tax free, and withdrawals will be tax-free.",
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"text": "Doing it on your own means that your own savings will have interest taxed as you earn it.",
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"text": "For a traditional 401k, current savings are deducted from current earnings, and the withdrawals will be taxed.",
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"text": "Doing it on your own loses the deferral of tax at this time.",
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"text": "Generally, 401ks and IRAs are highly resistant to judgements in civil lawsuits.",
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"text": "If you file for bankruptcy protection at any time in your working career, the assets in these accounts are immune (in most states) from being used to pay off your creditors.",
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"text": "If you do it on your own, that savings account will be emptied to pay off creditors in bankruptcy and also will be assets that can be taken from you in civil judgements (for example, you get in a car accident and they sue you).",
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"text": "You might never be sued, nor file bankruptcy in your entire life, but you are unnecessarily exposing yourself to risks: anything might happen in the next 50 years.",
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"text": "What you will lose in such circumstances far outweighs any perceived benefits you could possibly earn by rolling your own.",
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"text": "If you are the sort of person who can max out your 401k and IRA contributions each year, and still have a significant sum to set aside for savings, you should contact an investment advisor and attorney to see about protecting your assets.",
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"text": "An experienced individual wouldn't ask such questions.",
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"text": "I don't say this to take a jab at you, but to provide context.",
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"text": "The matter is much more complicated than a simple answer to your question could accomplish.",
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"text": "The short answer is no, not necessarily; but it depends on the details.",
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"text": "Generally, if the employer matches, it's suggested that you take advantage of the match.",
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"text": "It's free money.",
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"text": "That said, it comes with some strings attached, like a vesting schedule.",
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"text": "It's not yours right away, necessarily.",
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"text": "Choices are limited in a 401k, but we should still come out ahead with that free money.",
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"text": "The investment choices available in a 401k are also a part of the details.",
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"text": "If they meet your needs you should certainly consider the 401k even if the employer doesn't match.",
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"text": "There is also the matter of one's particular tax situation, which is certainly an involved matter.",
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"text": "A 401k can certainly be a part of judicious tax planning.",
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"text": "It's a matter of working out the details.",
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},
{
"text": "Continuing this theme of details and coming back to the employer match: if the employer doesn't mach, I would make sure that I'm maxing out an IRA before considering the 401k.",
"label": [
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},
{
"text": "If the employer matched, I would probably contribute to take advantage of that match.",
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},
{
"text": "However, it quickly becomes complicated here.",
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{
"text": "I'm accustomed to employer matching up to some percentage of pay, which typically works out to be less then the anual contribution limits for a 401k.",
"label": [
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},
{
"text": "So, I my plan for such a situation is to contribute up to the employer match in the 401k, then max out an IRA, and then return to the 401k to finish contributing up to its yearly maximum.",
"label": [
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "There is plenty for you to consider in order to come up with a plan of action.",
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{
"text": "While it's certainly complicated, it's accessible to most people.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "You don't have to be a genius.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "In fact, eggheads are regularly trounced by the markets.",
"label": [
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],
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/868/George Marian",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Even ignoring the match (which makes it like a non-deductible IRA), the 401k plans that I know all have a range of choices of investment.",
"label": [
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "Can you find one that is part of the portfolio that you want?",
"label": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "For example, do you want to own some S&P500 index fund?",
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},
{
"text": "That must be an option.",
"label": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "If so, do the 401k and make your other investments react to it-reduce the proportion of S&P500 because of it(remember that the values in the 401k are pretax, so only count 60%-70% in asset allocation).",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "The tax deferral is huge over time.",
"label": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "For starters, you get to invest the 30-40% you would have paid as taxes now.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Yes, you will pay that in taxes on withdrawal, but any return you generate is (60%-70%) yours to keep.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
},
{
"text": "The same happens for your returns.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5569/Ross Millikan",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "I would rather invest my money on my own how I see fit and plan my retirement custom-style. ASSUMING a person knows how to use and invest their money wisely, would it still be a bad idea to entirely disregard a 401k plan?",
"title": "Would any experienced individual balk at the idea of ignoring a 401k plan?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<united-states><401k>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/20436",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/6288/temporary_user_name"
} | 5_29 | [
[
"The question is whether you are wise enough at investing to beat the investments offered in a 401k and the tax savings. There are 401k plans that offer a range of investments. ",
"Generally speaking no, but it depends on the details. You would probably lose more than you would gain and you would need a lot of skill to beat the investments offered in your 401K after expenses. Choices are limited in a 401k, but we should still come out ahead with that free money as it is a \"qualified plan\" with certain legal protections. With a Roth 401k, taxes are paid now and interest accumulates tax free, and withdrawals will be tax-free. Doing it on your own means that your savings will have interest taxed as you earn it. "
]
] | {
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] | [
[
"Generally speaking no, but it depends on the details. ",
"You would probably lose more than you would gain and you would need a lot of skill to beat the investments offered in your 401K after expenses.",
"Choices are limited in a 401k, but we should still come out ahead with that free money as it is a \"qualified plan\" with certain legal protections. With a Roth 401k, taxes are paid now and interest accumulates tax free, and withdrawals will be tax-free. Doing it on your own means that your savings will have interest taxed as you earn it. ",
"If you are the sort of person who can max out your 401k and IRA contributions each year, and still have money set aside for savings, you should contact an investment advisor and attorney to protect your assets. "
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I don't like paying the percentage on the supermarket coin counters, and don't feel like buying a coin counter",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "so I have my own solution.",
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "I keep higher value coins for vending machines, parking meters etc, and lower value coins I put in charity boxes.",
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1
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1851/DJClayworth",
"score": 4
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Are you in an occupation that regularly collects change or is this change left in your pocket at the end of the day?",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Here in the US it is typically worth it to invest in some automatic coin counters if you are in an occupation that regularly collects coins.",
"label": [
1
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-1
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "In your case you can collect the little baggies from the bank, use your coin counters and then make a deposit.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Here is an example of US coin counters .",
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],
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],
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},
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"text": "If it is just pocket change then in the morning, make it a habit of taking some with you.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "This way you are less likely to break larger bills.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Also if you are making a deposit at the bank, add some change to the deposit without making it to annoying.",
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1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/10613/Pete B.",
"score": 3
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "In the U.S. at least, a lot of these CoinStar machines are now owned and operated by the store or other venue in which they're placed, as a convenience to customers, and the fee for using it is waived.",
"label": [
1
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "These machines, even without a fee attached, are still beneficial to the store, for two reasons.",
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],
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"text": "First, they bring in potential customers; the machine usually spits out a ticket that you take to the cashier, meaning you pass by all the impulse items they put in the checkout lines, and someone using the change catcher will invariably pick up a pack of gum or a magazine to spend your newfound wealth.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "The fact that one store has a change machine while another doesn't can also be the difference between choosing that store over the other for a planned shopping trip.",
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
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"text": "Second, and less obvious, a store that owns a CoinStar machine has full access to the change people put in it (hey, they own the machine and are paying out cash on the receipts it spits out).",
"label": [
0
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},
{
"text": "During normal use of a cash drawer or register to take in money, large bills ($20/20€ or larger) are accumulated to be \"broken\", small to medium bills (1-10 units) stay roughly static in number as payments are made and larger bills are broken, and coins are invariably depleted as change is paid out.",
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"text": "This means the average retail store needs a constant incoming supply of coinage, and that generally happens either through armored car service or similar commercial banking (which costs the store money), or through \"change catchers\" like gumball machines (which usually can't supply all the needed denominations).",
"label": [
0
],
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],
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},
{
"text": "The Coinstar machine effectively reverses at least a portion of this attrition of coins and accumulation of large bills; the store can now receive coins and pay out large bills as a part of its day to day business, reducing or even eliminating the need to have a bank or armored car perform this service.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
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},
{
"text": "Anyway, check and see whether the CoinStar machine you last used is still operating on a percentage-fee basis; it might be the case that the store has purchased the machine outright and is offering its services free of charge.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "If not, look around; other stores may be waiving the CoinStar fee where this one isn't (or they may have similar, non-CoinStar branded machines).",
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0
],
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},
{
"text": "Lastly, as other answers have mentioned, if you cash out in the form of a gift card, there's no fee, so you can pick a gift card to a store you're likely to visit anyway; in the U.S. there are a lot of good choices, like home improvement stores, Starbucks, major department stores/clothing retailers, and even an airline.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/4637/KeithS",
"score": 3
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Every now and then I fill a pocket with a handful of coins and spend it on a very small shop on my way home, i.e. a loaf of bread (£1.50), a pint of milk (50p) by using the self-check out (Tesco/Sainsbury's) which has a coin slot or even better the little bowl where you put coins down.",
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},
{
"text": "I find this pretty straightforward.",
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},
{
"text": "There's no point having a jar at home worth £50.",
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/11591/Constanta",
"score": 3
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I don't know if those machines work this way in the UK too, but here in the US you can often avoid the coin-counting fee if you opt to convert the money into a gift certificate instead of cash.",
"label": [
1
],
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],
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},
{
"text": "I routinely convert my coins to Amazon gift certificate money with no charge.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
},
{
"text": "Individual machines differ in which particular gift cards they use, but at the least, almost all of them offer the option for a no-fee conversion to a voucher/gift certificate to the store where the machine is.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "So it's likely you'd be able to use the machine to convert the cash to \"money\" you can use to buy groceries.",
"label": [
0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/11604/BrenBarn",
"score": 2
}
}
] | {
"question": "My change-jar is full, mostly with denominations < 50p. Last time I emptied it, I took it to a machine at the supermarket: ...but it charged me for the privilege of turning my change into usable funds to the order of 8.9% - quite a large cut. How can I turn my full change-jar into usable cash as efficiently as possible?",
"title": "What should I do with the change in my change-jar?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<united-kingdom><cash><coins>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/24837",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/11529/Tom Medley"
} | 5_30 | [
[
"Get into the habit of taking a few out with you and use them for small food shops. You can use the self checkout machines to put in all the coins. If you are making a deposit at the bank, add in some change.",
"Keep higher value coins for vending machines, parking meters etc, and put lower value coins in charity boxes. Make a habit of taking some with you each morning. On your way home, spend it on a very small shop, i.e. a loaf of bread, a pint of milk, by using the self-check out, which has a coin slot. Also if you are making a deposit at the bank, add some change to the deposit. It might be worth investing in an automatic coin counters if you are in an occupation that regularly collects coins. In the U.S. a lot of these CoinStar machines are now owned and operated by the store in which they're placed, as a convenience to customers, and the fee for using it is waived but you can often avoid the coin-counting fee if you opt to convert the money into a gift certificate instead of cash. "
]
] | {
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[
"Keep higher value coins for vending machines, parking meters etc, and put lower value coins in charity boxes. Make a habit of taking some with you each morning. On your way home, spend it on a very small shop, i.e. a loaf of bread, a pint of milk, by using the self-check out, which has a coin slot. Also if you are making a deposit at the bank, add some change to the deposit.",
"It might be worth investing in an automatic coin counters if you are in an occupation that regularly collects coins. ",
"In the U.S. a lot of these CoinStar machines are now owned and operated by the store in which they're placed, as a convenience to customers, and the fee for using it is waived. In the US you can often avoid the coin-counting fee if you opt to convert the money into a gift certificate instead of cash. "
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "SPY is up 29% YTD.",
"label": [
0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
},
{
"text": "If you are 100% S&P and not up 28.9% plus your deposits, I'd be concerned — check your fund's management fees.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "Are you calling a top?",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "Proper asset allocation would adjust holding on a regular basis.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "At the simplest level, say 70% S&P 30% short term/bond fund.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "It's time to re-adjust to the mix that's right for you, and not market-time.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "If 2014 sees a huge drop, the re-allocation to 70/30 buys back in at a lower price.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "If up again, a bit gets shifted out.",
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0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "Last, it makes sense for your deposits to match your allocation split, to lessen the divergence from your target numbers.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Note:",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "Asset allocation is a bit more complex than I just described.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
},
{
"text": "A good thing to research a bit.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "(Happy to see someone edit a couple good references here, especially if they aren't looking to offer a full response.)",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
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[
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]
},
{
"text": "Here are a few choice questions on this site that are related to asset allocation: What is the best asset allocation for a retirement portfolio, and why?",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "What is a good asset allocation for a 25 year old?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Should I fund retirement with a static asset allocation or an age based glide path?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "Is there an advantage to international stock diversfication?",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/187/JTP - Apologise to Monica",
"score": 11
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I recommend that you just leave the 401K where it is - a S&P 500 is a nice simple fund with very low expenses, and over the long term, I think that's a good choice for a 401K.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "I don't think it makes sense to put money in bonds at your age.",
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0
],
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0
],
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[
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]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/7282/Eric Gunnerson",
"score": 6
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "JoeTaxpayer's advice is solid - reallocating to your target asset allocation is the right move.",
"label": [
1
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You should have an Investor Policy Statement (IPS) that maps out your financial objectives, risk tolerance, liquidity constraints, etc.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "From the IPS, you can determine your target asset allocation and rebalance accordingly.",
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0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
},
{
"text": "A few more comments:",
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],
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],
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[
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},
{
"text": "It sounds like 100% of your 401k is in US stocks.",
"label": [
0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "You might have other accounts that make your overall portfolio globally diversified, but if not, you want to make sure to set a target asset allocation for a global portfolio.",
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0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Your statement \"If this were in my brokerage account I'd probably cash out some of the profits and hold onto it and buy more shares as the market eventually comes back down.",
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],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
},
{
"text": "But this being a 401k which has semi-monthly deposits from my paycheck, do I just leave it?\"",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "is a bit counterintuitive.",
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},
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"text": "If you are going to try to time the market (a very hard task), it is better to use a retirement account, so you don't have to realize capital gains.",
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"text": "Timing the market is probably a bad idea, but if you engage in market timing, it is probably better to use a retirement account than a brokerage account.",
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"text": "If you would like to tilt your asset allocation based on the market valuation, I recommend researching Shiller's Cyclically Adjusted Price to Earnings ratio .",
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"text": "You need to look at all your investment as a whole.",
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"text": "The 401K, IRA, and any taxable account need to be a part of the diversification and re-balancing.",
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"text": "The fact you have regular deposits into the 401K needs to also be a part of your strategy.",
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"text": "Regardless of how much specific investments have gone up this year, you need to first determine how you want to be invested in large cap stock, small cap stock, bond, international, emerging markets...",
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"text": "Then you need to see where you are today compared to those investment percentages.",
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"text": "You then move the money in the retirement accounts to get to your desired percentage.",
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"text": "And set the 401K deposits to be consistent with your goals.",
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"text": "Many times the deposits are allocated the same way the balances are, but that is more complex if one of the sectors you are investing in exists completely outside the 401K. When you re-balance in the future you will be selling sectors that grew the most and buying those that grew the least compared to their planned percentages.",
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"text": "If all the moves are within the 401K and IRA then capital gains are not a concern.",
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"text": "Don't think of the different accounts as separate baskets, but think of them as a whole investment strategy.",
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"text": "First, accept the fact that you are not going to be able to predict the ups and downs of the market well enough for that to be a viable strategy.",
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"text": "In the long run these schemes tend to be losers because it forces you to guess correctly twice (When to get out, when to get back in) and missing either date can cost you.",
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"text": "A better strategy to benefit from market volatility: Dollar cost averaging - Invest a fixed amount at regular intervals rather than your opinion of what the market is going to do.",
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"text": "This means you will buy less stock when it is expensive and more when it is cheap.",
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"text": "It is an almost automatic way to follow the seemingly trite advice",
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"text": "\"Buy low, sell high\".",
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"text": "You are probably already doing this with your 401K Make sure your portfolio is adequately diversified to protect you from excessive risk of a particular sector or economy tanking.",
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"text": "Ideally do this over time in regular fixed dollar amounts for the reasons in my first bullet.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/149/JohnFx",
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] | {
"question": "I'm 34. 100% of my 401k goes into an S&P index fund. I'm up about 25% this year. If this were in my brokerage account I'd probably cash out some of the profits and hold onto it and buy more shares as the market eventually comes back down. But this being a 401k which has semi-monthly deposits from my paycheck, do I just leave it? Just curious if there's any thought as to what to do with a 401k at this point.",
"title": "An index fund in my 401k performed very well this year. How to deal with the gains?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<united-states><investing><401k><retirement>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/27031",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/836/Jack"
} | 5_31 | [
[
"You are not going to be able to predict the market enough to make this a viable strategy. It would be better to leave the 401k as it is. Think about your investments as a whole when planning.",
"You are probably not going to be able to predict the ups and downs of the market well enough to have a viable strategy. It is probably best to leave the 401K where it is – as it is a nice simple fund with very low expenses. Or you could reallocate to your target asset allocation. A better strategy to benefit from market volatility might be dollar cost averaging. You are actually better investing a fixed amount at regular intervals rather than trying to predict what the market is going to do."
]
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[
"You are probably not going to be able to predict the ups and downs of the market well enough for that to have a viable strategy. It is probably best to leave the 401K where it is – as it is a nice simple fund with very low expenses.",
"Or you could reallocate to your target asset allocation.",
"You should probably look at all your investment as a whole, including the 401K. Regardless of how much specific investments have gone up this year, you firstly need to determine how you want to invest and in what sectors.",
"A better strategy to benefit from market volatility might be dollar cost averaging. You are actually better investing a fixed amount at regular intervals rather than trying to predict what the market is going to do."
]
] |
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Assuming United States As far as \"Will they will allow you to do that?",
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"text": "\"",
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"text": "Of course!",
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"text": "(How do you think renters get utilities?)",
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"text": "As far as the responsibility to pay, that's up to you.",
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"text": "If you are setting things up like that to prevent being swamped with bills which your girlfriend has no legal obligation to pay, that would work.",
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"text": "However, if something were to happen between you, and she were to move out, then she'd probably cancel all of the utilities, and you'd have to re-acquire the service in your name, which may lead to service interruptions or early-termination fees on your girlfriend's side (I'm thinking about getting a multi-year contract on something like Internet/TV).",
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"text": "In my case, my wife's name is on our electric bill, our cable/internet bill, but I'm on the water/sewage and trash.",
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"text": "It just happened like that because of who had free time at the moment to sign up for service.",
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"text": "It's slightly annoying, because any time I call our providers, they won't allow me to make changes to the account without my wife present.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/14835/Noah",
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"sents": [
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"text": "I am assuming credit scores and such are not an issue.",
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"text": "If you are a serious couple; probably not.",
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"text": "For example, my wife's name is on many of our bills but it has ended up that I pay everything.",
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"text": "We don't share a last name or bank accounts, so the utilities around me certainly don't care.",
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"text": "(I am in the United States.)",
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"text": "If you aren't a very serious couple, you might consider how bad it would be to have the power or gas go off after a break up.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "\"Is there any problem...?\" There is no problem in putting her name on all bills - most companies are happy to take anyone's money, however...",
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"text": "Sometimes you need multiple proofs of address and \"a recent utility bill\" is one that comes up quite a bit in lists of acceptable proof - so you might want one in your name.",
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"text": "Having a mismatch between the name of the utility bill and the credit card/bank account you use to pay it isn't normally a problem - it's OK to have one in your name.",
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"text": "Since we bought our new house, my wife is pleased that one of the bills is in her name now for this reason.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Alternatively, your girlfriend can now claim she has been supporting you through bill payments and make a claim for a share of the communal home, even if it is in your name - and you pay the mortgage.",
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"text": "Give her a rent book - make sure she has her own room, and keep the bills in your name.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "As others have said, there is no problem with doing this but if the girlfriend happens to be a non-US citizen, who might be applying for citizenship or a green card in the future, having the additional trail of paperwork is in your best interest.",
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"text": "Things like joint utilities weigh heavily as evidence of your relationship.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "I did this exact thing for about two years - there were no problems.",
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"text": "In fact, there were some advantages to this approach.",
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"text": "For example, when my ex left I was able to get \"new customer\" discounts on cable internet because I had no accounts in my name previously.",
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"text": "Anyone who is asking for a \"recent utility bill\" should accept a mortgage or property tax bill in your name as well.",
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"question": "I just bought a house. My girlfriend is going to be living with me, but the house is in only my name. To split the expenses, we are planning on her paying all of the utilities. Is there any problem with the home being in my name, but the gas, electricity, etc. being in hers? Update: We are in a serious, long-term relationship and will probably be married in the next couple years.",
"title": "Is it okay to put household utilities in girlfriend's name if I own the home?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<united-states><home-ownership><household>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/33790",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/17778/user17778"
} | 5_32 | [
[
"This isn't normally a problem. It might mean that the providers will only speak to her if there's a problem. It's also good to have multiple proofs of address, so have bills in both of your names is useful.",
"It is up to you who is responsible for paying what. Most companies are just happy to take the money. One partner can pay some utilities and the other pay others Having a mismatch between the name of the utility bill and the credit card/bank account you use to pay also isn't normally a problem. But bear in mind if some utility providers will only allow the account holder to make changes. Having your name on the account is also useful when you require proof of address, as \"a recent utility bill\" is one of the items often asked for as acceptable proof. Joint utilities weigh heavily as evidence of your relationship. "
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"It is up to you who is responsible for paying what. Most companies are just happy to take the money. One partner can pay some utilities and the other pay others Having a mismatch between the name of the utility bill and the credit card/bank account you use to pay also isn't normally a problem.",
"But bear in mind if some utility providers will only allow the account holder to make changes.",
"Having your name on the account is also useful when you require proof of address, as \"a recent utility bill\" is one of the items often asked for as acceptable proof.",
"Joint utilities weigh heavily as evidence of your relationship. "
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[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "It will cost the same no matter what currency you use, unless you have access to a deal with a currency exchange that gives you an especially favourable conversion rate for a particular currency.",
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"text": "If the current exchange rates are US$1.70 to the £, CA$1.80 to the £ and HK$12.50 to the £, then £1, US$1.70, CA$1.80 and HK$12.50 are just four different ways of writing the same amount of money.",
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"text": "So whether you pay in US$, CA$ or HK$",
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"text": "it's the same amount of money that you're paying.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "As others have pointed out, the theoretical prices in each exchange rate are identical.",
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"text": "However, the cost to you may vary.",
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"text": "You need to work out the \"opportunity cost\" of using each of the three currencies, because you lose money every time you convert between two currencies.",
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"text": "Let's supposed for example that you live in Canada and earn and spend CAD there, but also happen to have some HKD.",
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"text": "To keep this simple I'll ignore the USD, but you can apply the same reasoning to that.",
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"text": "If you're not planning on visiting Hong Kong for a while, then your holdings of HKD are just gathering dust, so your choices are to convert them to CAD and make the GBP purchase in CAD, or to spend the HKD directly on the GBP purchase.",
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"text": "Probably the first option will end up costing you more in conversion fees than the second, but you need to look at the precise costs to verify this.",
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"text": "If you are planning on visiting Hong Kong soon and will need the HKD, then the choices are somewhat different.",
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"text": "You can either spend CAD on the GBP purchase, or you can spend the HKD on the GBP purchase and then soon convert some CAD into more HKD for your trip.",
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"text": "In this case the first option will probably end up costing you less in conversion fees.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/366/GS - Apologise to Monica",
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}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "At any instant, three currencies will have exchange rates so if I know the rate between A and B, and B to C, the A to C rate is easily calculated.",
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"text": "You need X pounds, so at that moment, you are subject to the exchange rate right then.",
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"text": "It's not a deal or bargain, although it may look better in hindsight if the currencies move after some time has passed.",
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"text": "But if a currency is going to depreciate, and you have the foresight to know such things, you'd already be wealthy and not visiting here.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "International exchange rates are arbitraged.",
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"text": "If I exchange A for B for C and then back to A again, I'll end up with the same amount ex trade fees.",
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{
"text": "Assume this isn't the case.",
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"text": "Clearly if I'd gain, someone else loses and I'd make millions by rapidly exchanging.",
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"text": "Now assume that I'd lose money on that route.",
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},
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"text": "That must be because the reverse route, A->C->B->A gains money.",
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},
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"text": "(Again, assuming no fees)",
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{
"text": "So in this case you'd just look at fees.",
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"text": "(And as Ganesh points out, that may include future fees)",
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"text": "There's another dimension here as currency conversion isn't necessarily the final answer.",
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"text": "As stated by others, converting money between the three should theoretically end up with the exact same value, less transactional costs.",
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"text": "However the kink is that the price of most products are not updated as the currencies change.",
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"text": "In many cases the price difference is such that even accounting for shipping and exchange fees, purchasing a product from a distributor in a foreign country can be cheaper than just picking it up at the local store.",
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"text": "You might even be able to take advantage of this when purchasing at a single store.",
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"text": "If that store is set up to accept multiple currencies then it's a matter of looking at the conversion rates the moment you are buying and deciding which one is the cheapest route for you.",
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"text": "Of course, this generally will not work for smaller purchases like a cup of coffee or a meal.",
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"text": "Primarily because the fee for the exchange might eclipse any savings.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/12248/NotMe",
"score": 2
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}
] | {
"question": "Suppose that I want to buy something in GBP (pounds). How do I determine whether which costs less: CAD (Canadian Dollars) or HKD (Hong Kong Dollars) or USD, all three of which I possess? First, would I compare CAD vs HKD? http://www.xe.com/currencycharts/?from=CAD&to=HKD&view=1Y shows that CAD has depreciated against HKD. Secondly, because CAD is worth less compared to USD, would I then compare CAD vs USD?",
"title": "Which currency is cheaper for another currency?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<currency><foreign-exchange>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/36649",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/None/"
} | 5_33 | [
[
"It will cost the same whatever you do, unless you have an especially favourable conversion rate. You will lose money every time you convert between two currencies. ",
"International exchange rates are arbitraged. It will cost the same regardless of which currency you use, unless you have access to a deal with a currency exchange that offers you a favourable conversion rate for a specific currency. On the other hand, the cost to you may vary. You lose money every time you convert between two currencies. So, converting money between the three currencies should theoretically end up with the exact same value, less transactional costs. "
]
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"International exchange rates are arbitraged. It will cost the same regardless of which currency you use, unless you have access to a deal with a currency exchange that offers you a favourable conversion rate for a specific currency. ",
"On the other hand, the cost to you may vary. You lose money every time you convert between two currencies. So, converting money between the three currencies should theoretically end up with the exact same value, less transactional costs. "
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
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"text": "If you are purchasing something you would have purchased anyway, and if the rewards purchase yields a higher purchase power than would cash, it makes sense to shop using those rewards.",
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"text": "If not, it makes sense to simply put the cash back towards the balance.",
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"text": "That's what I do pretty much every time.",
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"text": "Some folks \"reward\" themselves by using the points for purchases they wouldn't otherwise make.",
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"text": "That doesn't make financial sense to me.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Either get it as cash or as a balance credit.",
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"text": "Unless there's a specific reason to do something else, these would be the most beneficial options.",
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"text": "Using the reward balance towards purchases reduces the rewards you'd be getting for these purchases.",
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],
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"text": "Since the reward used towards the purchase is not your \"money spent\", you don't get the reward on that amount.",
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"text": "If you use your credit card to pay the full amount and apply your reward balance to the balance on your card - you'll get rewards in full for your purchases.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Vendors, and credit cards, offer rebate points because they know people have a bad habit of \"double counting\" rebates.",
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"text": "It's much too easy to think both \"I'll get some of the money back",
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"text": "so I'm not paying full price\" when making the first purchase and then also think \"since I'm using the points, I'm not paying full price\" when making the second purchase.",
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"text": "This psychological weakness encourages us to buy/pay more, over time, than we otherwise would, and is VERY hard to resist.",
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"text": "Taking the rebate as cash might help you realize that you can only count it once.",
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"text": "Or it might not.",
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"text": "Either way, this is the most important trap to avoid.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "With Discover, you can get discounted gift cards with your rewards balance, e.g. a $50 for $40 of your rewards balance.",
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"text": "If you would be shopping at any of the stores/restaurants they offer anyways, it is a good deal to use that.",
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"text": "Whenever I get my balance above $45 I send myself a $50 Chipotle gift card since we eat there fairly often anyway.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/3174/Philip",
"score": 1
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"sents": [
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"text": "We always take our cash back rewards as a balance credit.",
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"text": "Here is why: It is the most convenient.",
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"text": "We pay off the credit card in full each month, and it reduces the size of our monthly bill.",
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"text": "If we had a $25 reward and took it as a check, we'd then have to deposit the check and send it right back to the credit card on our next bill.",
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"text": "As a balance credit, we just get our bill reduced by $25.",
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"text": "It doesn't encourage frivolous spending.",
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"text": "If we took our $25 reward as a gift card, we might view it as free money and blow it on something we would not have purchased otherwise.",
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"text": "Because it is a balance credit and not tied to any particular purchase, it doesn't feel like we are getting $25 extra to spend somewhere.",
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"text": "Instead, it helps out our budget in the background.",
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"text": "We are still getting the $25 benefit, but it doesn't come to us in a readily spendable way.",
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"text": "We budget as if it is not there, and when our bill turns out to be less than what we had planned, it helps us fund our saving goals.",
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"text": "It is essentially a quicker way to get the reward.",
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"text": "When you take it as a gift card, you are getting the benefit on future spending.",
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"cluster_id": [
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"text": "When you take it as a balance credit, you are getting the benefit on your past spending.",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/10997/Ben Miller - Remember Monica",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "I have a credit card with cash back rewards. I can use these rewards to go shopping on Amazon, for example, to buy gift cards, to pay off the balance, and possibly some other options that I may have missed. My instinct is to simply put the cash back towards the balance. However, are there any other benefits that may be worthwhile to obtain instead? Note: I pay my balance off in full each month. The card is a Discover It",
"title": "Should I use cash back rewards for rewards, or to pay off the balance?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<credit-card><reward-program>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/41835",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/7617/Bigbio2002"
} | 5_36 | [
[
"If you are purchasing something you would have anyway, however using the reward will reduce the reward you receive for this purchase. If you take it as a gift card, you get the benefit for future spending.",
"If you are purchasing something you would have purchased anyway, and if the rewards purchase gives you a higher purchase power than cash, then using rewards would make sense. But you could say that using a reward balance towards purchases actually reduces the rewards you'd be getting for these purchases. If you use your credit card to pay the full amount and then apply your reward balance to the balance on your card, you will benefit by getting rewards in full for your purchases. Using cash back might help you realise that it can only count once. Using as a balance credit means that you are benefitting from your past spending. With Discover for example, you can get discounted gift cards with your rewards balance, e.g. a $50 for $40 of your rewards balance. Taking it as a gift card means you are getting the benefit on future spending."
]
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[
"If you are purchasing something you would have purchased anyway, and if the rewards purchase gives you a higher purchase power than cash, then using rewards would make sense. But you could say that using a reward balance towards purchases actually reduces the rewards you'd be getting for these purchases.",
"If you use your credit card to pay the full amount and them apply your reward balance to the balance on your card, you will benefit by getting rewards in full for your purchases.",
"Using cash back might help you realise that it can only count once. Using as a balance credit means that you are benefitting from your past spending.",
"With Discover for example, you can get discounted gift cards with your rewards balance, e.g. a $50 for $40 of your rewards balance. ",
"Taking it as a gift card means you are getting the benefit on future spending."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
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"text": "Traders = every market participant.",
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"text": "Not some shadow figure that excludes you just because you passively drop cash into a 401k Vanguard fund every paycheck.",
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"text": "So yes, if everyone stopped trading then the price won't move.",
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"text": "Trades are 100% responsible for the prices you see on charts and tickers.",
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"text": "A stock won't be worth \"$100\" if nobody ever traded $100 for it.",
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"text": "It only has that price now or in the past because somebody placed an order for it at $100 and somebody else filled that order at $100",
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"sents": [
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"text": "When people talk about \"the price\" of a stock, they usually mean one of the following: Last price : The price at which a trade most recently took place.",
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"text": "If someone sold (and someone else bought) shares of XYZ for $20 each, then until another trade occurs, the last price of the stock will be quoted at $20.",
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"text": "Bid price : The highest price at which someone is currently offering to buy the stock.",
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"text": "Ask price :",
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"text": "The lowest price at which someone is currently offering to sell the stock.",
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"text": "As you can see, all of these are completely determined by the people buying and selling the stock.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5407/Nate Eldredge",
"score": 6
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{
"sents": [
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"text": "Value is the key word here.",
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"text": "Traders should ideally trade on the perceived future value of a company.",
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"text": "Changes in the perceived future value is what leads them to buy and sell shares.",
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"text": "That said, if a company were to have some catastrophe happen (say it and all of its employees and property disappeared) and somehow every shareholder agreed to not sell, the companies market capitalization would remain unmoved even though the value of the company is gone.",
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"text": "So theoretically yes, but it is unlikely.",
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"sents": [
{
"text": "Yes traders, living or algorithmic, are the only direct factors that can cause a change in the price of a marketable item.",
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"text": "Traders can be affected by news, broken exchanges ;), emotional cycles, lunar cycles, time the trader goes to lunch (or a power cycle if you are an algo running on that unfortunate OS), anything.",
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"answer_details": {
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"sents": [
{
"text": "Yes, the value of a stock is completely, 100% determined by what people are willing to pay for it in conjunction with what people who have it are willing to sell it for.",
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"text": "If something really bad happened to a company, like their only factory burned to the ground, and the traders didn't care, then I guess, in that scenario, the value of the stock would not change.",
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"text": "But you can spin all sorts of hypotheticals of that sort.",
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"text": "If dogs could talk, would German Shepherds speak German?",
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"text": "Etc.",
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"text": "Any answer is pretty meaningless because the premise is wildly unlikely.",
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"text": "As CQM notes, \"traders\" in this context means everyone who buys or sells stock.",
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"text": "If you buy stock, that includes you.",
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},
{
"text": "They're not some mystical cabal somewhere.",
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"text": "If you see a stock listed at, whatever, $50, and you are not willing to pay more than $40 for it, then you refuse to buy, and so you tend to force the price down.",
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{
"text": "If you're not a billionaire, then your impact on the market is tiny, but the market is made up of millions of people each with tiny influence.",
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"text": "Note that all this is true not just of the stock market, but of every product on the market.",
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"text": "A product is worth whatever the owner is willing to sell it for and people are willing to pay.",
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},
{
"text": "This is what determines the price of everything from houses to toasters.",
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},
{
"text": "It's a little theory I've invented that I like to call, \"the law of supply and demand\". :-)",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/14118/Jay",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "Of course, bad news would drive the traders to trade the stock at a lower price, but theoretically, if the traders didn't bother, can the stock price stay at the same value?",
"title": "Are traders 100% responsible for a stock's price changes?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<stocks>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/43955",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/19483/Zaenille"
} | 5_37 | [
[
"Traders trade based on the perceived future value of the company. The price is determined by what people are willing to pay for it. ",
"By traders, what is meant is anyone who buys or sells stock. Traders are 100% responsible for the prices of stock and it is the perceived future value that leads them to buy and sell shares. So the value of stock is determined by what people are willing to pay for it and what they are willing to sell it for. Traders can also be affected by external factors. Just because you are not a billionaire, it does not mean that you have no impact on the market, because the market is made up of millions of people each with minimal influence. "
]
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[
"By traders, what is meant is anyone who buys or sells stock.",
"Traders are 100% responsible for the prices of stock and it is the perceived future value that leads them to buy and sell shares. So the value of stock is determined by what people are willing to pay for it and what they are willing to sell it for.",
"Traders can be affected by external factors.",
"Just because you are not a billionaire, it does not mean that you have no impact on the market, because the market is made up of millions of people each with minimal influence. "
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
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"text": "The only problem, besides having to update your information if you change banks, has been an unintended issue.",
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"text": "I have noticed that people don't look at their pay stub when getting direct deposit.",
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"text": "The stub is frequently only available on a third party site.",
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"text": "The harder it is to see, the less often it is checked.",
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"text": "I have run into instances of coworkers who didn't notice that the 401K amount was wrong; or that dental insurance wasn't being withheld; or taxes were being sent to the wrong state.",
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"text": "The error went on for months or years before they noticed.",
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"text": "You have to be proactive to make sure that the items are correct.",
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"text": "The only downside I can think of is if you change banks (or change accounts), you need to remember to notify your employer.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/25370/Kent A.",
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"text": "I've seen an issue once before where my employer's payment authority (a 3rd party provider who managed the direct deposits and paystubs) issued double-payment.",
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"text": "This appeared on my bank statement as two deposits followed by a withdrawal, all for the same amount.",
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"text": "I can't imagine this being (ab)used for a truly nefarious purpose, but it does prove that your employer or the payroll provider has the authority to withdraw as well as deposit funds.",
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"text": "If your funds are legitimately stolen, I would imagine your bank or the FDIC would have you covered.",
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"text": "This could get you into some trouble, however, if you are in a paycheck-to-paycheck situation and get into a wage dispute with your employer (or various governments, unions or anyone who has legal authority on your wages).",
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"text": "Perhaps they discover you've been overpaid, or they were collecting an improper amount of tax, etc.",
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"text": "If they decide to 'help' you by automatically 'correcting' the problem and withdrawing funds from your account, you could be caught unawares and get stuck with some overdrafts, even if you resolve the underlying dispute in your favor and get your funds back.",
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"text": "This boils down to how much you trust your employer, their payroll contractor, your bank and your government.",
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"text": "I view direct deposit as a convenience that will save me days of time over my professional career.",
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"text": "Weighed against what I assume is a very low risk, I would not give up direct deposit without clear evidence of malfeasance by one of the parties I mentioned above.",
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"text": "(I am not a lawyer and this is not legal advice, or even necessarily plausible in reality.",
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"text": "I just thought it worth pointing out.)",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Direct deposit is a two-way street.",
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"text": "If your employer is able to deposit money directly into your account, it is also possible for them to withdraw money from your account.",
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"text": "Errors with this happen every so often .",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/19238/Compro01",
"score": 4
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"sents": [
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"text": "It does provide a paper trail of where you deposit your money.",
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"text": "If your wages are garnished or you get into some other form of legal trouble, this means that anyone who contacts your employer can directly freeze your accounts or set them to funnel into child support or the like.",
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"text": "It also means that various people at your company will have your banking information, creating an additional source of vulnerability for loss and exploitation of financial information.",
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"text": "That said, neither of those are really major issues.",
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"text": "The odds are that the government already knows where you bank or can get that information easily.",
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"text": "And you probably already have so many places where your financial data is available that a presumably secure records vault is the least of your worries.",
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"text": "Additional potential problems:",
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"text": "As has been mentioned in previous answers, you'll have to update your information with your employer when you change jobs.",
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"text": "Confusion over when your direct deposit goes into your account (sometimes complicated by differences between your company handing you your paystub and when the deposit clears) could lead to overdrafts.",
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"text": "Having a check in-hand makes it clear when you get your money.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/14106/Sean Duggan",
"score": 2
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"sents": [
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"text": "By providing your employer with your account information, your employer can later withdraw an amount it feels it paid in error.",
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"cluster_id": [
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"text": "While you may ultimately win the battle, \"possession is 9/10ths of the law.\"",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/26097/Perry Capitani",
"score": 2
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] | {
"question": "After many years, my employer is offering direct deposit. I've used direct deposit before at other jobs. Are there any downsides or cons to using direct deposit?",
"title": "What, if any, are the downsides of direct deposit?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<income><deposits><paycheck>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/45104",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/26034/Matthew Rodatus"
} | 5_38 | [
[
"It provides a paper trail of where you deposit your money. If you change banks, you need to notify your employer. Various people at your company will have your banking information. In case of legal trouble, your accounts can be frozen.",
"Some people feel that by providing their employer with their account information, their employer may be able to later withdraw money it feels it paid in error. It also means that various people at your company will have your banking information, which makes some people feel vulnerable. In addition, confusion as to when the direct deposit goes into your account and is cleared, could result in the use of an overdraft. If you end up in legal trouble, your employer can be asked to directly freeze your accounts or funnel them money e.g. into child support. On the other hand, direct deposit is a convenience that can save a lot of time. It does provide a paper trail of where you deposit your money. One of the few downsides is that if you change banks or accounts, you need to remember to inform your employer."
]
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[
"Direct deposit as a convenience that can save a lot of time. It does provide a paper trail of where you deposit your money. One of the few downsides is that if you change banks or accounts, you need to remember to inform your employer.",
"Some people feel that by providing their employer with their account information, their employer may be able to later withdraw money it feels it paid in error. It also means that various people at your company will have your banking information, which makes some people feel vulnerable. In addition, confusion as to when the direct deposit goes into your account and is cleared, could result in the use of an overdraft. If you end up in legal trouble, your employer can be asked to directly freeze your accounts or funnel them money e.g. into child support."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Risk is the problem, as others have pointed out.",
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"text": "Your fixed mortgage interest rate is for a set period of time only.",
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"text": "Let's say your 3% might be good for five years, because that's typical of fixed-rate mortages in Canada.",
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"text": "So, what happens in five years if your investment has dropped 50% due to a prolonged bear market, and interest rates have since moved up from 3% to 8%?",
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"text": "Your investment would be underwater, and you wouldn't have enough to pay off the loan and exit the failed strategy.",
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"text": "Rather, you might just be stuck with renewing the mortage at a rate that makes the strategy far less attractive, being more likely to lose money in the long run than to earn any.",
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],
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"text": "Leverage, or borrowing to invest, amplifies your risk considerably.",
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],
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},
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"text": "If you invest your own money in the market, you might lose what you started with, but if you borrow to invest, you might lose much more than you started with.",
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"text": "There's also one very specific issue with the example investment you've proposed:",
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"text": "You would be borrowing Canadian dollars but investing in an index fund of U.S.-based companies that trade in U.S. dollars.",
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"text": "Even if the index has positive returns in U.S. dollar terms, you might end up losing money if the Canadian dollar strengthens vs. the U.S. dollar.",
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"text": "It has happened before, multiple times.",
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"text": "So, while this strategy has worked wonderfully in the past, it has also failed disastrously in the past.",
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"text": "Unless you have a crystal ball, you need to be aware of the various risks and weigh them vs. the potential rewards.",
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"text": "There is no free lunch.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/3/Chris W. Rea",
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"sents": [
{
"text": "Well for a start funds don't pay interest.",
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"text": "If you pick an income-paying fund (as opposed to one that automatically reinvests any income for you) you will receive periodic income based on the dividends paid by the underlying stocks, but it won't be the steady predictable interest payment you might get from a savings account or fixed-rate security.",
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"text": "This income is not guaranteed and will vary based on the performance of the companies making up the fund.",
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"text": "It's also quite likely that the income by itself won't cover the interest on your mortgage.",
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"text": "The gains from stock market investment come from a mixture of dividends and capital growth (i.e. the increase in the price of the shares).",
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"text": "So you may have to sell units now and again or cover part of the interest payments from other income.",
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"text": "You're basically betting that the after-tax returns from the fund will be greater than the mortgage interest rate you're paying.",
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"text": "3 facts:",
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"text": "In the long term it is likely, but not certain, that a decent fund will return more than your mortgage rate.",
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"text": "In the short term stock market returns are volatile - dividends and stock prices can fall leaving you with less than you started with.",
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"text": "The mortgage has to be paid every month regardless of 2.",
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"text": "If you're comfortable with these 3 facts, go for it.",
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"text": "If they're going to keep you awake at night, you might not want to take the risk.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/13720/Nigel Harper",
"score": 5
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"sents": [
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"text": "Risk.",
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{
"text": "That's it.",
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"text": "No guarantees on the fund performance, while the mortgage has a guaranteed return of -3%.",
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{
"text": "I'm doing this very thing.",
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"text": "Money is cheap, I think it's wise to take advantage of it, assuming your exercise proper risk management.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/20107/Ryan",
"score": 4
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"sents": [
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"text": "Something very similar to this was extremely popular in the UK in the late 1980s.",
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"text": "The practice has completely vanished since the early 2000s.",
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"text": "Reading up on the UK endowment mortgage scandals will probably give you an excellent insight into whether you should attempt your plan.",
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"text": "Endowment mortgages were provided by banks and at their peak were probably the most popular mortgage form.",
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"text": "The basic idea was that you only pay the interest on your mortgage and invest a small amount each month into a low fee endowment policy.",
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"text": "Many endowment policies were simply index tracking, and the idea being that by the end of your mortgage you would have built up a portfolio sufficient to pay off your mortgage, and may well have extra left over.",
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"text": "In the late 1990s the combination of falling housing market and poor stock performance meant that many people were left with both the endowment less than their mortgage and their house in negative equity.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Essentially, what you're describing is a leveraged investment.",
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"text": "As others noted, the question is how confident you can be that (a) the returns on the investment will exceed what you're paying in interest, and (b) that if you lose the bet you'll still be able to pay off the loan without severely injuring yourself.",
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"text": "I did essentially this when I bought my house, taking out a larger loan than necessary and leaving more money in my investments, which had been returning more than the mortgage's interest rate.",
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"text": "I then got indecently lucky during the recession and was able to refinance down to under 4%, which I am very certain my investment will beat.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I actually considered lengthening the term of the loan for that reason, or borrowing a bit more, but decided not to double down on the bet; that was my own risk-comfort threshold.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Know exactly what your risks are, including secondary effects of these risks.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Run the numbers to see what the likely return is.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Decide whether you like the odds enough to go for it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/12439/keshlam",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "I'm wondering if this investment strategy would work: I get a mortgage loan for $300K at a 3% rate (realistic for current 5-year fixed mortgage rates here in Canada). I invest the proceeds in a low-fee index fund, such as Vanguard's Total Stock Market Index. I use the interest to cover the mortgage payments, and invest the rest of the returns. This looks like it could work. Am I missing anything? Thanks!",
"title": "Pros/cons of borrowing money using a mortgage loan and investing it in a low-fee index fund?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<canada><mortgage><index-fund><investment-strategies><leverage>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/47832",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/28748/ramav"
} | 5_39 | [
[
"Your fixed mortgage rate is for a set period of time only. Borrowing to invest amplifies your risk. You might lose the money you borrowed.",
"In addition, it is also quite likely that the income by itself will not cover the interest on your mortgage, which means that you may have to sell units or cover some of the interest payments from other income. The stock market is volatile, but the mortgage has to be paid each month regardless. The stock market is volatile, but the mortgage has to be paid each month regardless. On the other hand, in the long term, a decent fund may return more than your mortgage rate, but there are no guarantees on fund performance, whilst the mortgage has a guaranteed return. A review of the UK endowment mortgage scandals might give you some insight into whether you should attempt your plan. "
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
false
],
"cluster_sents_not_matched": [
[]
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} | [
1
] | [
[
"A fixed mortgage interest rate is for a set period of time only.",
"Essentially, what you're describing is a leveraged investment, which amplifies your risk greatly. Investing your own money in the market has the risk that you might lose what you started with, but if you borrow to invest, you might lose even more than you started with. Such income is not guaranteed and will vary depending on the performance of the companies making up the fund. ",
"In addition, it is also quite likely that the income by itself will not cover the interest on your mortgage, which means that you may have to sell units or cover some of the interest payments from other income. The stock market is volatile, but the mortgage has to be paid each month regardless. The stock market is volatile, but the mortgage has to be paid each month regardless.",
"On the other hand, in the long term, a decent fund may return more than your mortgage rate, but there are no guarantees on fund performance, whilst the mortgage has a guaranteed return.",
"A review of the UK endowment mortgage scandals might give you some insight into whether you should attempt your plan. "
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "There's a couple of considerations here.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
},
{
"text": "Firstly, would this activity count as \"trading\".",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If you're trading you are legally required to register as self-employed .",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "The line between a hobby activity and trading can be blurred but a key feature is whether you're aiming to make a profit (whether you manage it or not!).",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "Secondly are you actually making any money?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Even if what you're doing counts as self-employment, self-employed people pay tax on the profits",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "they make from their activities, not on the total amount of money they take in.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If you spend all the money you take in on keeping the server running",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "then you're not making any profit",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "so there's nothing to pay tax on.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/13720/Nigel Harper",
"score": 5
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "This page lays down the requirements for an \"unincorporated association\" to pay tax (i.e. any group that's not a registered entity).",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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},
{
"text": "You pay tax",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "is you make money from: Doing business (trading profits) Investments Selling assets (for more than you paid)",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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},
{
"text": "it looks like you don't do any of those, so you don't need to file for taxes.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "There is another exemption that you don't have to file if it is likely that you would owe less than a hundred pounds taxes, which would also probably apply to you.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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},
{
"text": "There are many thousands of clubs and societies in the UK that don't need to register for tax purposes, so you are far from alone.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "It is probably worth creating an actual club (\"Captain Insanity Server Club\") and keeping records of donations and expenses for the server.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
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},
{
"text": "There isn't any need to legally incorporate or anything like that, though you might try having a separate bank account for it if you can get a free one, so that if the tax authorities ever audit you personally you can show them that the donations you received weren't income to you.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1851/DJClayworth",
"score": 3
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Yes if you do it as a hobby, as it's still income.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
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]
},
{
"text": "But it should be something you can offset against tax",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "Either way, you shouldn't be doing this as you, you should either register as self employed or create a company.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "You register this income as self-employed income (or income of the company) and offset the expenses of running the server against tax.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
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]
},
{
"text": "In the UK, companies (or self employed people, which are basically companies) pay tax on profit not income (unless VAT applies, in which case they're basically just passing the VAT on for their customers).",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Since you're not making a profit over the whole year (even if some months are profitable)",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "you will pay no tax.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/6877/Jon Story",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I suspect that the new VATMOSS rules come in to play here.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "So you owe VAT for donations from EU countries, providing you are below £81k",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "there would be no UK vat payable though, however then you couldn't recoup the vat you paid out.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Note",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I am not an accountant",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
},
{
"text": "but I did speak to one this week about a similar issue.",
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0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/29748/Ian Turton",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I would assume that under a certain threshold, HMRC doesn't even want to hear from you, because extracting taxes from you costs them more money than you are going to pay.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "On the other hand, I cannot find anything written about that subject.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "I'd suggest to call them at 0300 200 3300 and ask them.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Have the annual cost of the server ready, and tell them that you will stop asking for donations if say 6 months of cost is covered.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "There may be an official threshold that I was unable to find.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Obviously if you receive £1000 in donations and spend £100 for the server, they will want tax payment.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
2
]
]
},
{
"text": "If its £110 in donations and £100 for the server, they will likely not care.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If they tell you to register as self-employed, it's not difficult, just a bit of a pain.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "In that case you'd have to pay tax on your income (donations) minus cost (cost for the server and any other cost).",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/13791/gnasher729",
"score": 1
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Unless you are a tax-exempt entity and running this server is clearly within your mission statement: YES, it's taxable income.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
3
]
]
},
{
"text": "Sorry.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/12439/keshlam",
"score": 0
}
}
] | {
"question": "Basically I am considering starting a game server that has optional donations for people to gain little perks.All the money donated will go towards the upkeep of the server, and any excess will go towards paying for the months that donations aren't enough to cover all the costs. Will there be any taxes on this money I receive? Note: All transactions will be done through Paypal, and I live in the UK.",
"title": "If I receive donations to keep a server running, do I need to pay any taxes?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<taxes><united-kingdom>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/49079",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/29712/Captain Insanity"
} | 5_40 | [
[
"You would be required to register as self-employed. You could offset the expenses of running the service against tax.",
"If you are trading you are legally required to register as self-employed. A key feature as to whether is classed as trading is whether you are aiming to make a profit or not. There are thousands of clubs and societies in the UK that are not required to register for tax purposes. In the UK, companies or the self-employed pay tax on profit, not income, and the expenses for running the server can be offset. HMRC may not even be interested in profit under a certain threshold. However, if e.g. you receive £1000 in donations and spend only £100 for the server, they will want tax payment. So, unless you are a tax-exempt entity, this will be taxable income."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
false
],
"cluster_sents_not_matched": [
[]
]
} | [
1
] | [
[
"If you are trading you are legally required to register as self-employed. A key feature as to whether is classed as trading is whether you are aiming to make a profit or not. ",
"There are thousands of clubs and societies in the UK that are not required to register for tax purposes. In the UK, companies or the self-employed pay tax on profit, not income, and the expenses for running the server can be offset.",
"HMRC may not even be interested in profit under a certain threshold. However, if e.g. you receive £1000 in donations and spend only £100 for the server, they will want tax payment.",
"So, unless you are a tax-exempt entity, this will be taxable income."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "You should not open bank accounts just to get additional credit cards.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "You should be careful about carrying too many credit cards and incurring too much debt as you could find yourself in a situation whereby you may not be able to pay off your monthly interest, much less the principal balance.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "Credit cards are not insurance.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "With many years of experience under my belt I can tell you that the best approach is to live within (or below) your means and avoid carrying a balance on credit cards.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I carry only one credit card (really a charge card) and I pay off the balance every month.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Treat a credit card as a 30 day interest free loan and pay your balance off in full every month...",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "as you progress through life you will save yourself a lot of heartache (and money) if you take this approach.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/30248/always_be_learning",
"score": 9
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Its actually a good thing.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The #1 factor to your credit score is your credit utilization.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "So if you don't spend money unwisely and they don't have any annual fee I would keep them and use them each twice a year to keep them in your credit mix.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/19218/Mark Monforti",
"score": 1
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Another thing to factor in are deals provided by banks.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "In general, banks care about new customers more than their existing customers.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Hence they explicitly restrict the best deals on credit cards, savings accounts, etc, to new customers only.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "( Of course, there are occasionally good deals for existing customers, and some banks choose not to discriminate .)",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If you have many different bank accounts, you are making yourself unavailable for switching bonuses and introductory rates.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
2
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/7047/Brendon",
"score": 1
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I don't think there's any law against having lots of bank accounts.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "But what are you really gaining?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Every new account is a paperwork hassle.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Every new account is another target for con men who might steal your information and write bad checks or make phony credit card purchases in your name.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
2
]
]
},
{
"text": "Yes, it's not unreasonable to have a credit card or two that you keep for emergencies.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I'd advise anyone with running up debts while having no idea how you will pay them off.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "But to say that you might keep some credit available so that if you have a legitimate emergency -- like, say, your car breaks down and you don't have the cash to fix it and you can't get to work without it -- you have some a fallback.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "But do you really need ten credit cards for that sort of thing?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "And how much credit are they giving you on each card?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I don't know how the banks work this, but I'd think if they're rational, they'd consider your total credit before giving you more.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I have three credit cards that I use regularly -- two personal and one business.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "And I find that a real pain to keep track of, to make sure that I keep each one paid by the due date and to keep a handle on how much I owe and so forth.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I can't imagine trying to deal with ten.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I suppose you could just stuff all these cards in a drawer and only use them in case of emergency.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/14118/Jay",
"score": 1
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The original poster indicates that he lives in the UK, but there are likely strong similarities with the US banking system that I am more familiar with: In the US, when you open a checking (aka \"current\", in UK speak) account, you normally incur an inquiry with ChexSystems .",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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"text": "Banks normally do this to ensure that you don't have a history of writing bad checks, negative balances, and other items that could result in bank liabilities.",
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"text": "In addition, to the ChexSystems inquiry, US banks often run an inquiry on your credit report - this ostensibly to provide an overdraft line of credit.",
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"text": "The result is that you are likely going to be unable to be approved for 10 checking accounts opened in rapid succession, at least in the US.",
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"text": "Finally, in the US, there is no need to have checking accounts with a bank in order to open a credit card with them (although sometimes it can help if you have a low credit score).",
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"question": "Is it ok for an individual to open many (10+) current accounts with different banks? I have no business. The reason behind that is that I usually get a credit card with every new bank account I open, which is to me like insurance in case something happens and I need to pay my bills quicklyI live in the UK",
"title": "Is it wise to have plenty of current accounts in different banks?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<credit-card><united-kingdom><bank-account><checking-account>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/49731",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/27557/Ulkoma"
} | 5_41 | [
[
"It's not unreasonable to have a credit card for emergencies. You should be careful about having too many credit cards and incurring too much debt. You are also more likely to be targeted by con men. ",
"It is unlikely that you will be approved for multiple current accounts opened in rapid succession. It is also not necessary to have a current account to have a credit card with that bank. It is a good idea to have one or two credit cards to keep for emergencies, as long as you don't spend money unwisely and they don't have any annual fee. You should also be aware that if you have several different bank accounts, you are making yourself unavailable for switching bonuses and introductory rates. Also every account you have is a potential target for fraud."
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"It is not a good idea to open bank accounts just to get additional credit cards. In addition, having too many credit cards could mean you incur too much debt.",
"It is a good idea to have one or two credit cards to keep for emergencies, as long as you don't spend money unwisely and they don't have any annual fee.",
"You should also be aware that if you have several different bank accounts, you are making yourself unavailable for switching bonuses and introductory rates. Also every account you have is a potential target for fraud.",
"It is also unlikely that you will be approved for multiple current accounts opened in rapid succession. It is also not necessary to have a current account to have a credit card with that bank."
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"text": "No.",
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"text": "In good years, the income seems free.",
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"text": "In a down year, particularly a bad one, the investor will be subject to large losses that will prove the strategy a bad one.",
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"text": "On the other hand, one often hears of the strategy of selling puts on stock you would like to own.",
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"text": "If the stock rises, you keep the premium, if it drops, you own it at a bit of a discount from that starting point.",
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"text": "This is a really bad idea.",
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"text": "You are asking to be forced to pay for something at a time when you most likely NOT want to buy it.",
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"text": "There is no stability (much less any degree of predictability) to give up the right to control when and for how much you would be willing to own the S&P500.",
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"text": "Just don't do it.....",
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"text": "\"generate stable income\" and \"selling puts\" is an oxymoron. ===",
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"text": "retired investment advisor",
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"text": "I am close to retirement and sell cash secured puts and covered calls on a regular basis.",
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"text": "I make 15 % plus per year from the puts.",
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"text": "Less risky than buying stocks, which I also do.",
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"text": "Riskier than bonds, but several times the income.",
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"text": "Example: I owned 4,000 shares of XYZ, which I bought last year at 6.50 and was at 7.70 two months ago.",
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"text": "I sold 3,000 shares, sold 10 Dec puts @ 7.50 (1,000 shares) for $.90 per share and sold 10 Dec calls at 10.00 for $.20.",
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"text": "Now I had cash from the sale of 3,000 shares ($23,100) plus $900 cash from the sale of the puts, plus $200 cash from the sale of the calls.",
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"text": "Price is now at 6.25.",
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"text": "Had I held the 4,000 shares, I would be down $5,800 from when it was 7.70.",
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"text": "Instead, I am down $1,450 from the held 1,000 shares, down $550 on the put and up $200 on the calls.",
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"text": "So down $1,800 instead of down $5,800.",
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"text": "I began buying XYZ back at 6.25 today.",
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"text": "There is only one way to create \"stable\" income using options: write COVERED calls .",
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"text": "This means you must own some stocks which offer an active and liquid option market",
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"text": "(FB would be good; T would be useless.)",
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"text": "In other words, you need to own some \"unstable\" stocks, tickers that have sometimes scary volatility, and of course these are not great stocks for a retiree.",
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"text": "But, let's assume you own 500 shares of FB, which you bought in June of 2015 for $75.",
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"text": "Today, you could have been paid $2,375 for selling five Mar18'16 $105 Calls.",
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"text": "Your reasoning is: if I get exercised, I'll be selling my FB shares for $105 andhave total",
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"text": "option+shares proceeds of $54,875 and a profit",
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"text": "of$37,500.",
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"text": "(Of course, you would also be giving up the additional profitwhich attracted the option holder to exercise) if I don't get exercised, I will have made $2,375 and reduced mybasis in my FB shares by that same amount.",
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"text": "So, the rule is: ONLY SELL COVERED CALLS",
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"text": "AT",
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"text": "A PRICE",
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{
"text": "YOU WOULD BE HAPPY TO ACCEPT.",
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"text": "If you follow the rule, you'll generate more-or-less \"stable\" income.",
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"text": "Do not venture off this narrow path into the rest of Option Land.",
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"text": "There be dragons.",
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"text": "You can select strike prices that are far out of the money to minimize the chance of being exercised (and sweeten the deal by collecting an even higher price if the stock flies that high).",
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"text": "If you are thinking about doing this, study the subject thoroughly until you know the terminology backwards and forwards.",
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"text": "(Don't worry about \"the greeks\" since market makers manipulate implied volatility so wildly that it overrides everything else.)",
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"text": "As you move toward retirement, your portfolio is supposed to move toward low risk, stable investments, more bonds, less stocks, etc.",
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"text": "Your question implies that you want to increase your income, most likely because your income is not satisfying your desires.",
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"text": "First, any idea that you have that risks your savings, just eliminate it.",
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"text": "You are not able to replace those savings.",
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"text": "The time for those kind of plays has passed.",
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"text": "However, you can improve your situation.",
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"text": "Do random odd jobs.",
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"text": "Find a part time job that you're willing to do for 10 hours a week or something.",
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"text": "Keep this money separate from your retirement savings.",
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"text": "Research",
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"text": "the stock trades you would like to make and use that 'extra' money to play in the market.",
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"text": "Set a rule that you do not touch your nest egg for trading.",
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"text": "You may find that being retired gives you the time to do the #1 thing that helps investors make good investments -- research.",
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"text": "Then when you make your first million doing this, write a book.",
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"text": "If you call it Retire -",
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"text": "And Then Get Rich , I expect royalties and a dedication.",
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"question": "Suppose a retiree wants to generate stable income from selling S&P500 (or other stock index) put options. Is this an advisable strategy for a retiree?",
"title": "Is selling put options an advisable strategy for a retiree to generate stable income?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<retirement><options><income><put-options>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/54179",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/11359/curious"
} | 5_42 | [
[
"Study the subject thoroughly. In retirement your portfolio is supposed to move into more low risk options.",
"You cannot \"generate stable income\" by \"selling puts\" and therefore not advisable. If you really want to do this, then study the subject and the terminology thoroughly, which as a retired person, you may have time to do. However, at retirement age, your portfolio should be more low risk and stable investments and less high risk stocks. You should also set a rule not to touch your nest egg for trading."
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"You cannot \"generate stable income\" by \"selling puts\" and therefore not advisable.",
"If you really want to do this, then study the subject and the terminology thoroughly, which as a retired person, you may have time to do.",
"At retirement age, your portfolio should be of low risk and stable investments and less high risk stocks.",
"You should also set a rule not to touch your nest egg for trading."
]
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[
{
"sents": [
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"text": "You have to be the owner of record before the ex-dividend date , which is not the same day as the date the dividend is paid.",
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"text": "This also implies that if you sell on or after the ex-dividend date, you'll still get the dividend, even if you no longer own the stock.",
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"text": "Keep in mind, also, that the quoted price of the stock (and on any open orders that are not specifically marked as \"do not reduce\") on its ex-dividend date is dropped by the amount of the dividend, first thing in the morning before trading starts.",
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"text": "If you happen to be the first order of the day, before market forces cause the price to move, you'll end up with zero gain, since the dividend is built into the price, and you got the same value out of it -- the dividend in cash, and the remaining value in stock.",
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"text": "As pointed out in the comments (Thanks @Brick ), you'll still get a market price for your trade, but the price reduction will have had some impact on the first trade of the day.",
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"text": "Source: NYSE Rule 118.30 Also, remember that the dividend yield is expressed in annualized terms.",
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"text": "So a 3% yield can only be fully realized by receiving all of the dividend payments made by the company for the year.",
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"text": "You can, of course, forget about individual companies and just look for dividends to create your own effective yield over time.",
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"text": "But, see the final point...",
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"text": "Finally, if you keep buying and selling just to play games with the dividends, you're going to pay far more in transaction fees than you will earn in dividends.",
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"text": "And, depending on your individual circumstances, you may end up paying more in capital gains taxes.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/25370/Kent A.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "The market is not stupid.",
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"text": "It realises that a company is worth less after paying out dividends than before paying them.",
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"text": "(It's obvious, since that company has just given out part of its earnings.)",
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"text": "So after a company pays out dividends, its stock price normally drops approximately by the amount paid.",
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"text": "Therefore if you buy, get the dividend, and immediately sell, under normal conditions you won't make any profit.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "The ex-dividend date, prevents this, but people are still able to do this and this is an investment strategy.",
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"text": "There are some illiquid and immature markets where prices don't adjust.",
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"text": "In the options market people are able to find mispriced deep in the money calls to take advantage of the ex-dividend date.",
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"text": "It is called dividend capture using covered calls.",
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"text": "The rest of the market knows when the dividends are paid out, and that will be reflected naturally in the share price.",
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"text": "That's why there is no way to consistently beat the market.",
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"text": "Because the market is other human beings, who's sum of knowledge is greater than any individual.",
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"text": "Everything in the stock market boils down to this in one way or another.",
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"text": "Although the market discussion by other answers is correct, the tax structure of many developed nations (I am familiar with Canada in particular) offers a preferred tax rate for dividend income compared to taxable gains.",
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"text": "Consequently, if your portfolio is large enough to make transaction fees a very small percentage rate, this is a viable investment strategy.",
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"text": "However, as the preferred tax rate for dividends typically will catch up to that for capital gains at some cut-off point, there is a natural limit on how much income can be favourably obtained in this way.",
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"text": "If you believe your portfolio might be large enough to benefit from this investment strategy, talk to a qualified investment advisor, broker, or tax consultant for the specifics for your tax jurisdiction.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/32736/Pieter Geerkens",
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"sents": [
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"text": "I remember my Finance Professor at b-school answering this question: The next moment the dividend is paid",
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"text": "the total market cap is decreased by the amount paid",
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"text": "This makes sense as cash leaves company, the value of the company is decreased by exactly the same amount.",
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"text": "To summarise: the moment you paid dividend, the value of the stock is decreased by the same amount.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/33905/Sergey Bushmanov",
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"text": "This investment strategy may have tax advantages.",
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"text": "In some countries, income received from dividends is taxed as income, whereas profits on share trades are capital gains.",
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"text": "If you have already exceeded your tax-free income limit for the year, but not your capital gains tax allowance, it may be preferable to make a dealing profit rather than an investment income.",
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"text": "These arrangements are called a bed-and-breakfast .",
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] | {
"question": "What prevents investors from buying high yield stocks and selling them as soon as their dividend is paid out? I guess I am confused: If you know the yield and when the dividend will be paid out, why not buy a share an instant before the dividend is paid out and then sell it? Do you have to have held the share for some amount of time to get the dividend?Is there too much volatility in the instant the dividend is paid out?",
"title": "What prevents investors from buying high yield stocks and selling them as soon as their dividend is paid out?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<stocks><dividends><stock-dividend>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/54633",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2192/Matt"
} | 5_43 | [
[
"After a company pays dividends, it's stock price normally drops. Therefore you won't make any money from selling it back. You will also pay transaction fees and possibly taxes.",
"If you are the first order of the day, before market forces cause a price move, you will have zero gain, because the dividend is built into the price. Once a company has paid out dividends, its stock price normally drops by roughly the amount paid. If you subsequently buy, receive the dividend, and then sell straight away, you usually will not make any profit. If you continue to buy and sell to play games with the dividends, you will end up paying more in transaction fees than you will earn in dividends. In addition you may have to pay more capital gains taxes."
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"The ex-dividend date is not the same day as the date the dividend is paid.",
"If you are the first order of the day, before market forces cause a price move, you will have zero gain, because the dividend is built into the price.",
"Once a company has paid out dividends, its stock price normally drops by roughly the amount paid. If you subsequently buy, receive the dividend, and then sell straight away, you usually will not make any profit.",
"If you continue to buy and sell to play games with the dividends, you will end up paying more in transaction fees than you will earn in dividends. In addition you may have to pay more capital gains taxes."
]
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[
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"sents": [
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"text": "There are several brokerages which have lower minimum deposits (often $500) and allow purchase of index ETFs.",
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"text": "I won't name them to avoid advertising.",
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"text": "The best way to find out is to go to your bank, and ask to see a financial advisor.",
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"text": "Then explain your difficulty to the advisor (who should caution you about the issues with investing such a small amount) and ask for advice on where to find a suitable broker.",
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"text": "Also, sometimes banks offer services where you can buy shares of a fund through your bank account.",
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"text": "This is probably not \"as good\" as the brokerage (performance may be not as good, fees may come out higher), but especially for small amounts and for convenience, this may be easier.",
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"text": "Again, you should inquire at your institution.",
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"text": "As I recall, the Scottrade minimum is only $500.",
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"text": "(By the way, Scottrade has a feature to automatically reinvest any dividends which the securities pay)",
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"text": "Once you have an account, you can buy into an index fund.",
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"text": "SPY tracks the S&P 500.",
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"text": "It is also currently paying nearly 2% in dividends.",
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"text": "You can shop for other alternatives here: http://seekingalpha.com/insight/etf_hub/etf_guide/selector/article/39431-core-building-blocks-large-mid-small-cap-us-etfs",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/33145/Jack Swayze Sr",
"score": 2
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"sents": [
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"text": "You have many alternatives to the funds you mentioned.",
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"text": "It is actually very unusual for ETFs to have such high denominations.",
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"text": "Possible alternative: iShares IVV",
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"text": "What would you recommend I do with $1000?",
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"text": "A diversified index fund is a great equity investment for the long run but might be considered \"boring\" by newcomers who think of equity markets as something more exciting.",
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"text": "Maybe add a share or two, small ones, just to show the differences to the fund.",
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"text": "This wouldn't be called wise investing but it certainly would have an educational effect.",
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"text": "Except if this money is all you saved for your daughter, then don't gamble any of it.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "I found that the Target Date funds for Vanguard have a lower minimum, only $1,000.",
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"text": "They are spaced every 5 years from 2010 to 2060.",
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"text": "They are available as: General Account, IRA, UGMA/UTMA and Education Saving Account.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "I believe you can invest in Vanguard STAR with only $1000 (VGSTX)",
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] | {
"question": "My pre-teen daughter saved up a $1000 and I thought it might teach her how finances work if we invested it in a mutual fund. Specifically in an index fund like S&P 500 or some such. The problem is that most funds I found have larger minimums than $1000. Case and point, VFINX and VTSMX from Vanguard both have $3000 as a minimum. Will no one take my money?What would you recommend I do with $1000?",
"title": "How to invest a $1000 in an index mutual fund?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<investing><mutual-funds><starting-out-investing><vanguard>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/55573",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2427/NeedAdvice"
} | 5_44 | [
[
"Ask a financial advisor at your bank. You can invest in Vanguard Star with $1000. A diversified index fund is a great equity investment for the long term.",
"Probably the best idea is to go to your bank and speak to a financial advisor. There are several brokerages with minimum deposits often as low as $500 and which allow purchase of index ETFs. Target Date funds for Vanguard have a $1,000 minimum too and Vanguard STAR have a minimum of only $1000 (VGSTX). A diversified index fund is a great long-term equity investment, although it might be considered \"boring\" by some."
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"Probably the best idea is to go to your bank and speak to a financial advisor.",
"There are several brokerages wITH minimum deposits often as low as $500 and which allow purchase of index ETFs. Target Date funds for Vanguard have a $1,000 minimum too and Vanguard STAR have a minimum of only $1000 (VGSTX).",
"A diversified index fund is a great long-term equity investment, although it might be considered \"boring\" by some."
]
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[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Since the credit score is generated from a secret formula by FICO, there can only be two kinds of evidence: Statements from FICO themselves.",
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"text": "Experiments done on an individual's credit score using different utilizations.",
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"text": "For the first type, @user662852's answer provides a statement from FICO, in the typically vague way that FICO is known for.",
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"text": "For the second type, @JoeTaxpayer helpfully ran an experiment that he detailed in an answer last year .",
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"text": "In it, he noted a small hit in his score when he went to 0%.",
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"text": "Whenever we talk about credit utilization's affect on credit score, it is important to note that utilization has no history.",
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"text": "It is an instantaneous number, based on your balance at the time of credit reporting for the current month.",
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"text": "Therefore, you could have the worst utilization ratio possible (whatever that is), and if you go to the best utilization ratio possible the next month, last month's utilization has no effect.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/10997/Ben Miller - Remember Monica",
"score": 5
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"sents": [
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"text": "\"Better credit rating\" unfortunately is too broad of a question.",
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"text": "The possible gains in a numerical FICO score will simply be too minimal to do your study!",
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"text": "Comparing low utilization of 1-2% vs 0% for differences are problematic, as the utilization factor - which is empirically known - stops having a meaningful effect on your scores below 10%.",
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"text": "At least in a way that would alter anybody's behavior.",
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"text": "As such, you will not find empirical evidence for this argument (outside of Fair Isaac saying so themselves).",
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"text": "Now you did ask specifically about credit rating , which I should point out is different than credit score .",
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"text": "You do not need to spend any money to achieve a higher credit score.",
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"text": "So there is your 0% answer.",
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"text": "A credit rating on the other hand, includes spending behaviors that make an institution more likely to extend credit.",
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"text": "An institution is more likely to extend additional credit if they have seen utilization of their credit based financial products.",
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"text": "An institution is less likely to extend additional credit if they see 0% utilization on their credit based financial products.",
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"text": "An institution is more likely to close your credit based account if they see 0% utilization.",
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"text": "Your credit rating - with that institution - is now lower, without any affect on your credit score.",
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"text": "BUT, by having a line of credit unilaterally closed by the institution, now your credit score becomes affected due to possibly lowered Average Age of Accounts, and lower amount of overall credit (increasing the utilization % that you have across other credit lines).",
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"text": "This part isn't \"rational\", it is cause and effect.",
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"text": "So you want to avoid making situations where your credit lines get cancelled.",
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"text": "Having 0% utilization is one of those exact situations.",
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"text": "If this wasn't satisfactory, due to lack of sources, just make a note of which paragraphs you want citations for.",
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"text": "What does Fair Issac themselves say about it?",
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"text": "In some cases, a low credit utilization ratio will have a more positive impact on your FICO Scores than not using any of your available credit at all.",
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"text": "Experian, the company that provides VantageScore and contributes to FICO scores, has this to say on the subject:",
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"text": "VantageScore recommends an overall utilization rate of no more than 30 percent.",
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"text": "However, the lower your utilization ratio, the better for your credit scores.",
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"text": "1",
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"text": "That seems to imply that a lower utilization rate is always strictly better than a higher value with no lower bound.",
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"text": "Of course, the formulas aren't published so there is always a chance that they are simplifying the formula for laypeople.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "There are plenty of good answers and I don't want to weigh it down with more",
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"text": "but I did have a couple of things that I wanted to say for the record",
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],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "and so here it is.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Yes the formulas are \"secret\" and while companies like Fair Isaac (makers of the FICO score) does give special insider seminars where they DO reveal a lot",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "but unfortunately we are bound by non-disclosure.",
"label": [
0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Vantage, aka FAKO score, is not commonly used in any significant area of evaluation and can often lead to false sense of how good your credit is because their scores are always at a higher point than FICO.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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]
},
{
"text": "A Vantage 700+ is worthless compared to 700+ FICO.",
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],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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]
},
{
"text": "However, this much I can confirm, to ensure that you generally fulfill ideal utilization, keep it between 20-30% anything higher and you take a hit, how much is based on the formula but a hit none the less.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
2
]
]
},
{
"text": "The higher, the more insolvent they consider you and a higher risk, hence the lower score.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "As to whether or not use at all or use a little.",
"label": [
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],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
},
{
"text": "Keep in mind that if your utilization is below 1% or none, then you are marked in the calculation as \"dormant\" which means that account won't factor into the calculations because they logic that if you aren't using it but have it, you either can't because you are afraid you can't pay for it, or that you don't properly manage your liabilities.",
"label": [
1
],
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1
],
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[
1
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},
{
"text": "So it is strongly recommended to keep a utilization of 2-4% where you can pay it off in full and spread the love across all your cards, so none get the dormant status.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
3
]
]
},
{
"text": "Limit your spending on your less desired cards to about $35 on the low end and no more than 5% of the total credit limit on that card.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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]
},
{
"text": "Also LET THE STATEMENT CLOSE WITH A SMALL BALANCE",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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]
},
{
"text": "BEFORE PAYING IT IN FULL.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "This shows the card has activity.",
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0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Regardless, follow the golden rule of credit, don't spend more than you have, don't spend more than you can pay off in full, and NEVER EVER pay late or miss a payment.",
"label": [
1
],
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0
],
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/11059/GµårÐïåñ",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "In North America, it is common advice to make your credit card shows utilization. That is, let some balance remain until the statement issues so that utilization will be reported to the credit agencies. (Of course, pay it off before the due date to avoid interest payments.) However, is there any evidence that credit scores are actually better for people with a small reported utilization vs people with zero reported utilization all other things being equal?",
"title": "What evidence that reporting a small utilization (vs no utilization) leads to a better credit rating?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<credit-card><credit-score>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/59071",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/None/"
} | 5_47 | [
[
"You are less likely to get additional credit if the company sees 0 utilization. They might consider that you don't use it because you are afraid you can't pay for it, or don't properly manage your liabilities. ",
"An institution is less likely to extend additional credit if they see 0% utilization on their credit based financial products. Sometimes a low credit utilization ratio will have a more positive impact on your FICO Scores than not using any of your available credit at all, which implies that a lower utilization rate is strictly better than a higher value where they consider you more insolvent and a higher risk, hence the lower score. But if your utilization is below 1% or zero, then you will be as \"dormant\". To fulfil ideal utilization, keep it between 20-30%, pay it off in full and spread over several cards, anything higher and you take a hit, which is based on a formula. The golden rule of credit is, don't spend more than you have and don't spend more than you can pay off in full, and ensure that you never pay late or miss a payment."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
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[
"Whenever we talk about credit utilization's affect on credit score, it is important to note that utilization has no history. Comparing low utilization of 1-2% vs 0% for differences are problematic, as the utilization factor - which is empirically known - stops having a meaningful effect on your scores below 10%. You do not need to spend any money to achieve a higher credit score. ",
"S10: An institution is less likely to extend additional credit if they see 0% utilization on their credit based financial products. Sometimes a low credit utilization ratio will have a more positive impact on your FICO Scores than not using any of your available credit at all, which implies that a lower utilization rate is strictly better than a higher value where they consider you more insolvent and a higher risk, hence the lower score. But if your utilization is below 1% or zero, then you will be as \"dormant\".",
"To fulfill ideal utilization, keep it between 20-30%, pay it off in full and spread over several cards, anything higher and you take a hit, which is based on a formula.",
"So it is strongly recommended to keep a utilization of 2-4% where you can pay it off in full and spread the love across all your cards, so none get the dormant status. ",
"The golden rule of credit is, don't spend more than you have and don't spend more than you can pay off in full, and ensure that you never pay late or miss a payment."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The IRS provides a little more information on the subject on this FAQ: Will I be charged interest and penalties for filing and paying my taxes late?",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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},
{
"text": ": If you did not pay your tax on time, you will generally have to pay a late-payment penalty, which is also called a failure to pay penalty.",
"label": [
1
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "You will not have to pay the penalty if you can show reasonable cause for the failure to pay on time.",
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],
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"text": "Some guidance on what constitutes \"reasonable cause\" is found on the IRS page Penalty Relief Due to Reasonable Cause : The IRS will consider any sound reason for failing to file a tax return, make a deposit, or pay tax when due.",
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"text": "Sound reasons, if established, include: Fire, casualty, natural disaster or other disturbances Inability to obtain records Death, serious illness, incapacitation or unavoidable absence of the taxpayer or a member of the taxpayer’s immediate family Other reason which establishes that you used all ordinary business care and prudence to meet your Federal tax obligations but were nevertheless unable to do so",
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],
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],
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{
"text": "Note:",
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],
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},
{
"text": "A lack of funds, in and of itself, is not reasonable cause for failure to file or pay on time.",
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],
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},
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"text": "However, the reasons for the lack of funds may meet reasonable cause criteria for the failure-to-pay penalty.",
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"text": "In this article from U.S. News and World Report , it is suggested that the IRS will generally waive the penalty one time, if you have a clean tax history and ask for the penalty to be waived.",
"label": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "It is definitely worth asking them to waive the penalty.",
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],
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/10997/Ben Miller - Remember Monica",
"score": 6
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I just got hit with the late payment penalty due to a bug in the H&R Block tax program.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The underpayment was only $2 and the penalty was a whopping 1 cent.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The letter that informed me of the error also said that they did not consider the $2.01 worth collecting, the amount owed had been zeroed.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1884/Loren Pechtel",
"score": 3
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Assuming US/IRS: If you filed on time and paid what you believed was the correct amount, they might be kind and let it go.",
"label": [
1
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
2
]
]
},
{
"text": "But don't assume they will.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "If you can't file on time, you are supposed to file estimated taxes before the deadline, and to make that payment large enough to cover what you are likely to owe them.",
"label": [
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "If there is excess, you get it back when you file the actual forms.",
"label": [
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "If there is a shortfall, you may be charged fees, essentially interest on the money you still owe them calculated from the submission due date.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "If you fail to file anything before the due date, then the fees/interest surcharge is calculated on the entire amount still due; effectively the same as if you had filled an estimated return erroneously claiming you owed nothing.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "Note that since the penalty scales with the amount still due, large errors do cost you more than small ones.",
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{
"text": "And before anyone asks: no, the IRS doesn't pay interest if you submit the forms early and they owe you money.",
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},
{
"text": "I've sometimes wondered whether they're missing a bet there, and if it would be worth rewarding people to file earlier in order to spread out the work a bit better, but until someone sells them on that idea...",
"label": [
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/12439/keshlam",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "In practice the IRS seems to apply the late payment penalty when they issue a written paper notice.",
"label": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Those notices typically have a pay-by date where no additional penalty applies.",
"label": [
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{
"text": "The IRS will often waive penalties, but not interest or tax due, if the taxpayer presses the issue.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/11464/Bryce",
"score": 2
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Years ago I mailed my personal tax return one day after the due date, and my check was deposited as normal, and I never heard anything about it.",
"label": [
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "As an employer, I once sent in my employee's withheld federal taxes one day after the due date, and I later received a letter stating my penalty for being late worked out to be around $600.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
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{
"text": "The letter stated that since this was my first time being late they would waive the fee.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "In both cases, they could have charged me a late fee if they wanted to.",
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],
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[
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]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/17718/TTT",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "IRS Topic 301 states You will owe interest on any past-due tax and you may be subject to a late-payment penalty if the payment of tax is not made by the original due date of your return. The wording of may be subject to had me wondering, under what circumstances does the IRS choose to charge or not charge the late-payment penalty ? For the purposes of the question let's assume there are no estimated tax payments due.",
"title": "Under what circumstance will the IRS charge you a late-payment penalty for taxes?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<united-states><taxes><income-tax><penalty>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/62964",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/12258/Adam Johns"
} | 5_48 | [
[
"The IRS seems to apply late payment when they issue a paper notice. There is also \"reasonable cause\" that they will consider for why you didn't file a tax return. They will often waive the penalty if you have a clean tax record. ",
"The IRS seems to apply the late payment penalty when they issue a written paper notice. If you do not pay your tax on time, you will usually have to pay a late-payment penalty. The fees/interest surcharge is calculated on the entire amount due. If you filed on time and paid what you believed was the correct amount, they may waive the charges once, especially if you have a clean tax history and request this. The IRS also have guidance on what they consider to be “reasonable cause” for failing to file a tax return or pay when due."
]
] | {
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] | [
[
"The IRS seemsto apply the late payment penalty when they issue a written paper notice. ",
"If you do not pay your tax on time, you will usually have to pay a late-payment penalty. The fees/interest surcharge is calculated on the entire amount due.",
"If you filed on time and paid what you believed was the correct amount, they may waive the charges once, especially if you have a clean tax history and request this. The IRS also have guidance on what they consider to be “reasonable cause” for failing to file a tax return or pay when due."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Two options you can try: Go to the store and ask them to refund the difference.",
"label": [
1
],
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1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "They might not, but it doesn't hurt to ask.",
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0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Often stores will do this if you are within the return window because it saves them some hassle over you returning the used item and then buying a new item at the lower price.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Buy the identical item again at the new price, then return it using the old receipt.",
"label": [
1
],
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1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "I do not recommend any cheating or fraud.",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "Please let me explain further what you might do.",
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],
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],
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[
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},
{
"text": "First, attempt #1 above.",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "It is very common for stores to give you a refund shortly after the purchase.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "Why?",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "Because this is an easier and better option for everyone than any of the other options.",
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0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "The store wants to keep its customers happy; that is why it has the generous return policy in the first place.",
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1
],
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1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "If the store employee doesn't go for this, (perhaps he doesn't know how to properly enter this into the register), tell him that you would like to buy the item today at the new price and return it at the old price with your old receipt.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "This may not have occurred to the employee as an option, and it might help the employee figure out how to enter this transaction and give you your refund.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "If the store employee doesn't like this, tell him that you are planning on purchasing the new item today and returning the old item tomorrow.",
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0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "At this point, the store employee might realize that the store is better off keeping their new item on the shelf than they are exchanging a new item for a used item, and allow you to do the second option right there.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
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[
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]
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},
{
"text": "It's possible that they won't go for this either.",
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0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "Now, if you purchase the new item, you'll have a decision to make.",
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],
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],
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]
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},
{
"text": "You need to return one of the items with packaging using one of the receipts.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If the store is logging serial numbers on the receipt, it may not be an option to return the new item with the old receipt.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "If the receipt does not contain the serial number, I would argue that there is no fraud or cheating going on by returning the new item with the old receipt.",
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},
{
"text": "If the receipt does contain the serial number but the packaging does not, then you should be able to use the new packaging to return the old item.",
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1
],
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0
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/10997/Ben Miller - Remember Monica",
"score": 57
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Depending on how you paid for the item, some credit cards have price protection insurance.",
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],
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],
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[
2
]
]
},
{
"text": "There are always minimums (e.g. Must be more than 10% or €150 whichever is greater) and paperwork, and processing time, but it does not involve the retailer agreeing to your request.",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1088/Mark Henderson",
"score": 24
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Ultimately this is just bad luck.",
"label": [
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},
{
"text": "Prices change, especially for things like computers which become obsolete in a short time.",
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},
{
"text": "At the end of the day a cutting edge PC is only cutting edge for about 6 months and will be old hat in 2 years, so there is bound to be some point where the price drops.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "After all, putting things on sale at the end of a season is pretty standard practice in retail.",
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},
{
"text": "Ethically your best bet is to go to the store and explain your position, they may offer you a goodwill gesture",
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1
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1
],
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[
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},
{
"text": "but they haven't really behaved unreasonably.",
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},
{
"text": "If I was the store manager I might be tempted to offer you an extended warranty or offer a discount voucher for peripherals as a goodwill gesture but I wouldn't; expect anything with real tangible value.",
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"text": "As mentioned in comments, if you thought it was a fair price when you bought it you haven't really lost anything.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/36705/Chris Johns",
"score": 19
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{
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{
"text": "In the US, you must rely on seller policies and manufacturer guarantees [citation needed].",
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"text": "In Europe, you additionally have certain buyer's rights which are very significant and virtually always preferred over the former.",
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"text": "Since this is in Europe, let us first make a distinction between buying offline at a physical store, and remotely (e.g. online or via telephone).",
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"text": "In the offline case, you have to rely on store policy.",
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"text": "If they offer returns, you can try and ask them nicely.",
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"text": "Since stores compete with online merchants, it's likely they'll go the extra mile and let you return it or offer the price difference in cash or store credit to make you a happy and loyal offline customer.",
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"text": "On the other hand, if you bought it remotely, there are pretty customer-friendly regulations in place.",
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"text": "You're allowed to return such an item bought for any reason within 14 days , paying only the return shipping costs (not for the initial shipping!).",
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"text": "That is, minus a usage fee, if (and only if) the item lost value greater than its packaging cost, e.g. if you scratched it, and does not always apply to digital or digitalizable goods, and never to organic or similar goods.",
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"text": "Of course, sellers will be glad to refund price differences to avoid returns.",
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"text": "That customer-friendly law is also a reason why prices here are generally a bit higher :) If the item were damaged or faulty at the time of purchase (not later!), they must accept its return (after repairing it up to two times, if they chose so) under general warranty in the EU, regardless if you bought it on- or offline.",
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"text": "This topic is a bit complex in itself, with a 0.5 and a 2 year time period of importance, but I won't go into it as it is not applicable to your case.",
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"text": "Some retailers like Amazon will give you back the price difference if you are within the return window of the product.",
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"text": "I've done this a couple of times and there seems to be no issue about it - they pretty much prefer giving you back a few dollars than having the product returned used.",
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"text": "You should just ask the retailer for the refund of the difference.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/17822/Radu Potop",
"score": 2
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}
] | {
"question": "I bought a PC for € 2199 (about $2500 USD) 8 days ago. Today I saw that the same store where I purchased it sells the same product for € 130 less. Unfortunately, I can't just bring it back* and re-buy it because I have already littered the packaging. What can I do in order not to have paid too much? * The market claims that you can give a product with packaging back without providing a reason.",
"title": "The price dropped on an item I purchased 8 days ago. What can I do?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<price><european-union><shopping>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/63737",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/41850/kidded"
} | 5_49 | [
[
"You should go back to the store and ask them to refund the difference. You are allowed to return an item for any reason within 14 days. They want to keep their customers happy so they may offer you a goodwill gesture. You could also try buying the item again at the new price and returning it using the old receipt. ",
"You could go to the store and ask them to refund the difference. Or they may offer you a goodwill gesture as they want to keep their customers happy. Depending on how you paid for it, some credit cards have price protection insurance. In Europe, there exist buyer's rights. You are allowed to return an item bought for any reason within 14 days , paying only the return shipping costs if applicable."
]
] | {
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[
"You could go to the store and ask them to refund the difference. Or they may offer you a goodwill gesture as they want to keep their customers happy. ",
"Alternatively, you could buy the identical item again at the new price, then return it using the old receipt. If the packaging does not have the serial number on it, then you should be able to use the new packaging to return the old item. ",
"Depending on how you paid for it, some credit cards have price protection insurance. ",
"In Europe, there exist buyer's rights. You are allowed to return an item bought for any reason within 14 days , paying only the return shipping costs if applicable."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The difference between the two numbers is that the market size of a particular product is expressed as an annual number ($10 million per year , in your example).",
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"text": "The market cap of a stock, on the other hand, is a long-term valuation of the company.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/10997/Ben Miller - Remember Monica",
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{
"sents": [
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"text": "First read mhoran's answer, Then",
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"text": "this - If the company sold nothing but refrigerators, and had 40% market share, that's $4M",
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"text": "/yr in sales.",
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"text": "If they have a 30% profit margin, $1.2M in profit each year.",
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"text": "A P/E of 10 would give a stock value totaling $12M, more than the market size.",
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"text": "The numbers are related, of course, but one isn't the maximum of the other.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "If you are calculating: the market size as the annual sales of all refrigerators at $10 million; and the market cap as the value of Company A's shares times the number of shares being equal to $20 million; keep in mind that company A probably also sells washers, dryers, stoves, dish washers....",
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"text": "Each of which has their own market size.",
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"text": "Also remember that people pay X times the value of earnings per share, so the value depends not on sales but on earnings, and expected growth.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "The quickest way to approach this question is to first understand that it compares flows vs. levels.",
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"text": "Market size is usually stated as an annual or other period figure, e.g. \"The market size of refrigerators will be $10mn in 2019.\"",
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"text": "This is a flow figure.",
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"text": "Market capitalization is a level figure at any given point in time, e.g. \"The market cap of the company was $20 million at the end of its last fiscal quarter.\"",
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"text": "Confusion sometimes occurs when levels and flows are used loosely for comparisons.",
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"text": "It is common for media to make statements such as \"Joe Billionaire is worth more than the GDP of Roselandia.\"",
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"text": "That is comparing a current level (net worth) with an annual flow (GDP).",
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"text": "With this in mind, there are a variety of conditions where a company's equity market value will exceed its market size.",
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"text": "The most extreme example is an innovating, development-stage enterprise, say, a biotech company, developing a new market for a new product; the current market size may be nil while the enterprise is worth something greater.",
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"text": "The primary reason however for situations where a company's equity market cap is greater than its market size is usually that the financial market expects the enterprise (and oftentimes its market, though this isn't necessary) to grow substantially over time and hence the discounted value of the company may be greater than the current or near future market size.",
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"text": "A final example: US annual GDP (which comprises of much more than corporate incomes and profits) for 2014 was about $17.4tn while the nation's total equity market value in 2014 was $25.1tn, both according to the World Bank.",
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"text": "That latter figure also doesn't include the trillions of corporate debts these companies have issued so the total market cap of US, Inc. is substantially greater than $25.1tn.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "It is ALWAYS possible for a company's valuation in the market to be larger than the market it serves, and in fact it is not uncommon.",
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"text": "There's valid argument that Uber would be a good example of this, with a market cap of more than $60 billion.",
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"text": "Market cap is the total value of all shares outstanding.",
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"text": "Keep in mind that what a company's shares trade for is less a reflection of its past (or, to some degree, even present) revenue activity and more of a speculative bet on what the company will do in the future.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "A company's valuation includes its assets, in addition to projected earnings.",
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"text": "Aside from the obvious issue that \"projected earnings\" can be wildly inaccurate or speculative (as in the case of startups and fast-moving industries like technology), a company's assets are not necessarily tied to the market the company is in.",
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"text": "For the sake of illustration, say the government were to ban fast food tomorrow, and the market for that were to go all the way to zero.",
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"text": "McDonald's would still have almost 30 billion dollars worth of real estate holdings that would surely make the company worth something, even though it would have to stop selling its products.",
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"text": "Similarly, Apple is sitting on approximately $200 billion dollars in cash and securities in overseas subsidiaries.",
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"text": "Even if they never make another cent selling iPhones and such, the company is still worth a lot because of those holdings.",
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"text": "\" Corporate raiders \" back in the 70's and 80's made massive personal fortunes exploiting this disconnect in undervalued companies that had more assets than their market cap, by getting enough ownership to liquidate the company's assets.",
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"text": "Oliver Stone even made a movie about the phenomenon .",
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"text": "So yes, it's certainly possible for a company to be worth more than the size of the market for its products.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "You are comparing two things that are not comparable.",
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"text": "The \"market size\" would be the total annual revenue in one market, in this year.",
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"text": "The \"market cap” of a company is the number of shares multiplied by the share price.",
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"text": "This should be equal to the total profit that the company is going to make through its life time, taking into account that you would get interest on an investment, so future profits have to be counted less accordingly.",
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"text": "So if the \"market size\" is ten million dollars, and a company has four million revenue in that market with one million profit, and everyone thinks that company will continue making that profit for the next fifty years, then surely one million a year for the next 50 years is worth more than ten million.",
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"text": "That's if the market stands still.",
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"text": "If the \"market size\" is ten million, and we expect that market size to double for the next three years, then the market size is still ten million, but a company having a 40% share of a market growing at that speed is going to be worth a lot more!",
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] | {
"question": "Let's say for example, the refrigerator market is sized at 10 million dollars (hypothetical example), if the market cap of a company is, say, 20 million, is it worth investing in the stock? Can it ever happen that a company's market cap exceeds the total market size (or say addressable market size)?",
"title": "What does it mean for a company to have its market cap larger than the market size?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<stock-markets><market-capitalization>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/65872",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/43990/user93496"
} | 6_0 | [
[
"The market value of a stock is a long-term valuation of the company. It is the number of shares multiplied by the share price. Market size is expressed as a period figure. It would be the total annual revenue in one period.",
"First you should understand that this compares flows with levels. The market cap of a company is the number of shares multiplied by the share price and is a long-term valuation of the company.Market size is the total annual revenue in one market, in one year. "
]
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"First you should understand that this compares flows vs. levels. ",
"The market cap of a company is the number of shares multiplied by the share price and is a long-term valuation of the company.",
"Market size is the total annual revenue in one market, in one year. "
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Typically you can use credit card balance transfers to consolidate some, or all, of your other loan balances in one place.",
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"text": "The interest rate might be lower.",
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{
"text": "Some prefer to make one payment rather than multiple payments.",
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"text": "There is typically a fee that is imposed by the card that is originating or creating the loan.",
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"text": "This would be the credit card you are transferring the balances.",
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"text": "That fee is typically in the 3% to 5% range.",
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"text": "While tempting and attractive on the surface, this plan typically leads to a worse situation then you are now.",
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{
"text": "It's a \"tough pill to swallow\", but your problem is that you spend too much money.",
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},
{
"text": "Transferring money will not change this problem, it is your behavior that has to change in order to not accumulate more debt.",
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"text": "It has to change further if you want to get rid of the debt in a timely fashion.",
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"text": "You would be far better served to forget about this transfer and get your life into control.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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},
{
"text": "Spend a lot less, earn more.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Pay off the cards you have now and cut them up.",
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},
{
"text": "Make a goal to be done in a year and figure out how to earn enough money to make that happen.",
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{
"text": "BTW",
"label": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "I am a reformed over-spender that now owes nothing.",
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},
{
"text": "Yep my house, cars, and rental property are all paid for.",
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"text": "You can get there too.",
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"score": 17
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},
{
"sents": [
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"text": "Since you are not paying the full balance off each month you are carrying a balance from month to month.",
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"text": "That balance is being charged some interest rate X. With a balance transfer, the new credit card pays off that balance.",
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"text": "As a result you now have a balance of the same amount (plus any processing charges) on the new credit card.",
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"text": "Hence the balance has transferred from the old to the new.",
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"text": "And you now pay the new credit card.",
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"text": "Ideally you do this because the new credit card is offering a reduced interest rate, saving you money.",
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"text": "Though be warned often that transfer rate is a limited time deal and any left over after the window expires will be charged the higher rate.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/35965/Eric Johnson",
"score": 11
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Note: the question is tagged united kingdom, this is a UK focussed answer practices elsewhere",
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"text": "may be different).",
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"text": "A balance transfer moves your debt from one credit card to another.",
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},
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"text": "This can be a good way to get a debt onto a lower (often zero) interest rate.",
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"text": "There will usually be a transfer fee but with a good balance transfer deal the effective interest rate",
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"text": "even after taking the fee into account can be very good and there are even some deals with 0% interest and no fee.",
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"text": "Indeed if you keep on top of things credit cards are often the cheapest way to borrow.",
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"text": "Normally a balance transfer is done to a new card that is applied for specifically for the purpose but sometimes it can make sense to transfer a balance to an existing card.",
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"text": "However to take advantage of this you need discipline.",
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"text": "You need to make absoloutely sure that you fully comply with the rules of the deal and in particular that you pay at least the minimum payment on time.",
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"text": "You should also be aware that the rate will usually jump up at the end of the interest free period, you could do another balance transfer but assuming you will be able to do that is risky as it depends on what market conditions and your credit rating look like at the time.",
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"text": "Ideally you should have a plan for paying off the card before the interest free period expires.",
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"text": "In general you should be aiming to pay down your debts.",
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"text": "Living beyond your means is very bad and carrying debt long term should only be done if you have an extremely good reason.",
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"text": "You should regard the balance transfer as a tool to help you clear your debts quicker, not as a way to avoid paying them.",
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"text": "If you go on a spending spree after your balance transfer you will just have dug yourself deeper in debt.",
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{
"text": "See",
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{
"text": "http://www.moneysavingexpert.com/credit-cards/balance-transfer-credit-cards for more on the techniques and the current best cards.",
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"score": 5
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{
"sents": [
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"text": "A balance transfer is paying one debt instrument with another.",
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"text": "While this is typically seen in credit card offers it isn't necessarily confined to credit cards.",
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"text": "Obviously the only reason to do this is refinancing debt to a lower interest rate.",
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"text": "You need to watch for loads on the incoming money, there may be an upwards of 5% fee.",
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{
"text": "This calculation is materially different than your APR.",
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{
"text": "Monthly interest charges can be estimated by taking your APR divided by 12 times your balance.",
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"text": "So a 15% APR will have a rough monthly interest charge of 1.25%.",
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"text": "The 5% balance transfer fee is 4x your normal interest charge.",
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"text": "That fee is added to your balance and now you pay interest on the whole amount.",
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"text": "You need to ensure the new rate is low enough to actually benefit you after the incoming fee.",
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"score": 4
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "From the card issuer's point of view, the purpose of balance transfers is very simple.",
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"text": "A credit card company wants you to owe them more money, so they will make more profit getting more interest payments from you.",
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"text": "To do that, they will offer an (apparently) good deal to transfer the debt that you owe to other companies onto their card.",
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"text": "The deal may superficially look good to you , because it offers a low interest rate for a limited time period, etc.",
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"text": "But never forget that its real purpose is to be a good deal for the card company, not for you.",
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"text": "Of course, credit card companies target these deals at their \"typical\" customers.",
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"text": "They have to tolerate a few \"smart\" customers who actually make them no money at all, by always paying off their card balance before any interest is due, never using their card to draw cash from an ATM (which has no interest-free loan period), never using their card for overseas transactions that incur fees and/or poor currency exchange rates, etc.",
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"text": "Your financial objective should be to make yourself one of the customers the card company doesn't want - but \"only paying off the minimum balance every month\" is exactly the wrong way to do that!",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/39757/alephzero",
"score": 3
}
}
] | {
"question": "I know very little about my credit cards, all I know is that I make sure to do the minimum payments on time. Some suggested that I do balance transfer?What is that suppose to mean?Can someone pay all my debts from different credits cards and I should pay them monthly instead of paying different credit cards issuers?Who will charge me for that? both sides?",
"title": "In layman's terms, what is balance transfer?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<credit-card><united-kingdom><debt><balance-transfer><loan-consolidation>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/66999",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/27557/Ulkoma"
} | 6_1 | [
[
"A balance transfer moves your debt from one credit card to another. The reason for doing this would be for a better interest rate.",
"A balance transfer moves your debt from one credit card to another. Although this is typically seen in credit card offers it is not only confined to credit cards. You are basically paying off one debt with another. Normally a balance transfer is to a new credit card specifically obtained for the purpose, but sometimes it can also make sense to transfer a balance to an existing card. "
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
false
],
"cluster_sents_not_matched": [
[]
]
} | [
1
] | [
[
"A balance transfer moves your debt from one credit card to another. Although this is typically seen in credit card offers it is not only confined to credit cards. You are basically paying off one debt with another.",
"This will usually incur a transfer fee but there are often good deals to be had. The main reason to do this would be to refinance a debt to a lower interest rate. ",
"Normally a balance transfer is to a new credit card specifically obtained for the purpose, but sometimes it can also make sense to transfer a balance to an existing card. "
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "It's important to understand that, in general, security transactions involve you and a relatively unknown entity with your broker standing in the middle.",
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"text": "When you sell through Schwab, Schwab needs to receive the funds from the other side of the transaction.",
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"text": "If Schwab gave you access to the funds immediately, it would essentially be a loan until the transaction settles after funds and securities change hands.",
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"text": "If Schwab made funds available to you as soon as they were received, it might still be two days until the money is received; because the other side also has three days.",
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"text": "Guaranteed one day settlement would have to include receipt of funds from the buyer in one day and Schwab can't control that.",
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"text": "You need to remember this transaction likely includes at least one party in addition to you and Schwab.",
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"text": "Here's the SEC page related to the three day settlement period, About Settling Trades in Three Days: T+3",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/22881/quid",
"score": 37
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},
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"sents": [
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"text": "Another explanation is that they keep your money three days to make money with it, because they can .",
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"text": "The other reasons might have been valid 100 years ago, and no bank would voluntarily cut that down until forced by law.",
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"text": "Example: In Europe, bank to bank transfers used to take three days, until a law forced them to give next day, and suddenly it was possible.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/35405/Aganju",
"score": 20
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"sents": [
{
"text": "quid's answer explains the settlement period well.",
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"text": "However, it should be noted that you can avoid the settlement period by opening a margin account.",
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"text": "Any specific broker like Schwab may or may not offer margin accounts.",
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"text": "Margin accounts allow you to borrow money to avoid the settlement period or to buy more securities than you can actually afford.",
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"text": "Note that if you buy more securities than you can afford using margin, you expose yourself to losses potentially larger than your initial investment.",
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"text": "If you fund your account with $50,000 and use margin to purchase $80,000 of stock which then drops in value by 80% you will have lost $64,000 and owe the broker $14,000 plus fees.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/37132/Comptonburger",
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "That is the standard set by most securities exchanges: T+3 : trades complete three days after the bargain has been struck.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/210/Peter K.",
"score": 6
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "TLDR:",
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{
"text": "Why can't banks give me my money?",
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{
"text": "We don't have your money.",
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"text": "Who has my money? About half a dozen different people all over the world.",
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"text": "And we need to coordinate with them and their banks to get you your money.",
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"text": "I love how everyone seems to think that the securities industry has super powers.",
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"text": "Believe me, even with T+3, you won't believe how many trades fail to settle properly.",
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"text": "Yes, your trade is pretty simple.",
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"text": "But Cash Equity trades in general can be very complicated (for the layman).",
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"text": "Your sell order will have been pushed onto an algorithmic platform, aggregated with other sell order, and crossed with internal buy orders.",
"label": [
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"text": "The surplus would then be split out by the algo to try and get the best price based on \"orders\" on the market.",
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"text": "Finally the \"fills\" are used in settlement, which could potentially have been filled in multiple trades against multiple counterparties.",
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},
{
"text": "In order to guarantee that the money can be in your account, we need 3 days.",
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Also remember, we aren't JUST looking at your transaction.",
"label": [
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},
{
"text": "Each bank is looking to square off all the different trades between all their counter parties over a single day.",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "Thousands of transactions/fills may have to be processed just for a single name.",
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Finally because, there a many many transactions that do not settle automatically, our settlements team needs to co-ordinate with the other bank to make sure that you get your money.",
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{
"text": "Bear in mind, banks being banks, we are working with systems that are older than I am.",
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},
{
"text": "*",
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},
{
"text": "And all of the above is the \"simplest\" case, I haven't even factored in Dark Pools/Block trades, auctions, pre/post-market trading sessions, Foreign Exchange, Derivatives, KYC/AML.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/14688/Aron",
"score": 5
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"sents": [
{
"text": "They're taking advantage of float .",
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},
{
"text": "Like so many things in the financial world today, this practice is a (strictly legal) fraud.",
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"text": "When you make the transaction, the money is available immediately, for reasons that should be intuitively obvious to anyone who's ever used PayPal.",
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"text": "It doesn't take 3 minutes for the broker to get that money, let alone 3 days.",
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"text": "But if they can hold on to that money instead of turning it over to you, they can make money from it for themselves, putting money that rightfully belongs to you to work for them instead, earning interest on short-term loans, money market accounts, etc.",
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},
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"text": "The SEC mandates that this money must be turned over to you within 3 days so it should not surprise anyone that that's exactly how long the \"we have to wait for it to clear\" scam runs for.",
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{
"text": "Even if it doesn't seem like very much money per transaction, for a large brokerage with hundreds of thousands of clients, all the little bits add up very quickly.",
"label": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "This is why they feel no need to compete by offering better service: offering poor service",
"label": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "is making them a lot of money that they would lose by offering better service.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/3568/Mason Wheeler",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "Whenever I sell stocks with Charles Schwab, I cannot access the cash for 3 days after the day I make the sale. A coworker told me that this was called a \"mandatory settlement period\". I was unable to determine the reason for this - is this a restriction just in Charles Schwab that other institutions do not have, and if it is, what is the justification for it? Is this a government regulation, and if it is, what is the justification for it?",
"title": "Why does Charles Schwab have a Mandatory Settlement Period after selling stocks?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<stocks>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/67072",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/13605/Matthew Moisen"
} | 6_2 | [
[
"Trades complete 3 days after. If Schwab gave you access to the funds immediately, this would essentially be a loan. They can also use that money for themselves during that period.",
"This is the standard time set by most securities exchanges. If Schwab made funds available to you as soon as they were received, it might still be two days until the money is received as the other side also takes three days, so three days are required to guarantee the money being in your account. It could be argued that they are keeping your money for three days to make money with it by earning interest on short-term loans or in money market accounts for example. The settlement period can be avoided by opening a margin account. "
]
] | {
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[
"This is the standard time set by most securities exchanges. If Schwab made funds available to you as soon as they were received, it might still be two days until the money is received as the other side also takes three days, so three days are required to guarantee the money being in your account.",
"Some would say that they are keeping your money for three days to make money with it by earning interest on short-term loans or in money market accounts for example.",
"The settlement period can be avoided by opening a margin account. "
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "It is not unusual for the acquiring company's stock to fall in any time of merger announcement.",
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"text": "Some of it has to do with the fact the acquirer is going to either take on new debt to pay for the cost of the acquisition or they will need to issue new shares.",
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"text": "Either is dilutive to shareholder value, so this is \"baked into\" the process.",
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"text": "In the instant case, I'm not sure AT & T is making the right move.",
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"text": "Because of its acquisition of DirecTV several years ago, there's little question it will have to shed assets in order to satisfy regulators, and there's a high probability that competitors will move to block the merger for obvious reasons.",
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"text": "There is also the distinct possibility that regulators (either U.S. or European) may block the merger altogether, in which case there's undoubtedly a provision in the merger agreement requiring AT & T to pay a substantial fee to Time Warner.",
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"text": "There's a great deal of uncertainty surrounding acquisitions like this.",
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"text": "After all, it wasn't helpful to Time Warner when it merged with AOL, and there's no assurance this merger will work out any better.",
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"text": "The long and short of it is that nobody knows how this merger will play out, and the amount of attention and resources necessary to complete it will be an enormous drain and distraction to AT & T, so there's the possibility its businesses may suffer somewhat.",
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{
"text": "Since nobody knows the extent of divestitures AT & T will have to make, it creates uncertainty.",
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{
"text": "This is what you're seeing in their stock price.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/44016/Daniel Anderson",
"score": 29
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Markets are generally skeptical of the benefits of mergers.",
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},
{
"text": "History shows that the benefits of merger claimed by the company doing the purchase rarely materialise.",
"label": [
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{
"text": "If on the day prior to the announcement the markets value company A as 50 billion and company B as 20 billion, then the market values the combined company at 50 + 20 = 70 billion if they see no benefit in merger.",
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"text": "Therefore, if company A is willing to pay a premium of, say, 5 billion for company B, then the market will mark down company A by about the same amount in order to maintain a combined value of 70 billion.",
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{
"text": "Of course this assumes that the markets see no real benefit in merging the two companies.",
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"text": "This is not always the case.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/41790/user41790",
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Typically, stocks are falling because more people try to sell than to buy.",
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{
"text": "Why they try to sell is anyone's guess.",
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{
"text": "In this case, it seems that not everybody shares your optimism; you might not have all the info, or you are evaluating the data differently than others.",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/35405/Aganju",
"score": 7
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "\"Buy the rumor, sell the news\".",
"label": [
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],
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{
"text": "That's often a good strategy, since most people tend to be optimists rather than pessimists, and reality turns out to be worse than they hoped for.",
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{
"text": "It's also a good strategy, because if the majority of other investors think it's a good strategy, the price will rise when they all try to buy, and fall when they all try to sell.",
"label": [
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/39757/alephzero",
"score": 5
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "It's a material change to the company's financials, why wouldn't there be a change in the company's value?",
"label": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "In general the company being acquired sees a value increase.",
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"text": "This happens for a variety of reasons, most obviously the concept that a premium on the value will ensure shareholder approval of the acquisition.",
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},
{
"text": "In general the company making the acquisition sees a decline in value.",
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"text": "This happens because of a usually material change in the financials.",
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"text": "Maybe a big spend down of cash, maybe a big issuance of new shares, maybe a new debt obligation, maybe the company being acquired has new liabilities etc.",
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"text": "Usually companies are valued based on some multiple of forward earnings and a big change in the financial situation of the company will change",
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],
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{
"text": "it's forward net earnings.",
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],
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"score": 3
}
}
] | {
"question": "Why does the stock price decline when a seemingly promising acquisition is announced & agreed on?",
"title": "Why is AT&T's stock price declining, during the days that they announced the acquisition of Time Warner inc.?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<stocks><stock-analysis><stock-markets><stock-valuation><corporate-acquisition>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/71960",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/49703/Leo"
} | 6_3 | [
[
"It is not unusual for stock to fall after a merger announcement. Markets are generally sceptical about mergers. People try to sell their stocks more than buy them so the value drops.",
"Markets are generally skeptical of the benefits of mergers. Stocks usually fall, because more people try to sell than to buy. The acquirer will either take on new debt to pay for the cost of the acquisition or they will need to issue new shares. So it is not unusual for an acquiring company's stock to fall at the time of a merger announcement, because it is a material change to the company's financial situation."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
false
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[]
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} | [
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] | [
[
"It is not unusual for an acquiring company's stock to fall at the time of a merger announcement, because it is a material change to the company's financial situation.",
"Some of it relates to the fact the acquirer will either take on new debt to pay for the cost of the acquisition or they will need to issue new shares. ",
"Markets are generally skeptical of the benefits of mergers. Stocks usually fall, because more people try to sell than to buy."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "This is a scam.",
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1
],
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1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "Do not give them any money.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "A quick search on this site will yield many examples of this scam.",
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1
],
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1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/42276/acpilot",
"score": 14
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "How can I say this more clearly?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "SCAM, SCAM, SCAM !",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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]
},
{
"text": "This is another one of the oldest scams out there, where you've won a prize or an inheritance",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
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},
{
"text": "has come in, and all you have to do is pay the taxes on it to claim it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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},
{
"text": "Don't be a sucker !",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Ask yourself why the government couldn't (and wouldn't) just take the taxes due out of the funds they have and give the rest to the person they belong to?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
},
{
"text": "Wouldn't that be the smartest and easiest thing to do?",
"label": [
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"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "As an example, let's say that you have $1,000 that belongs to me, and I owe you $100.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
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},
{
"text": "Would you tell me to pay you the $100",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "and then you'll give me the $1,000 or",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "would you take the $100 I owe you out of the $1,000 and give me the remaining $900?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "The fact this is someone you know from the internet and they want your \"help\" to claim their money should tell you how much of a scam this is.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Stop talking to this person, and don't tell them anything personal about you .",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "They are scam artists, and whatever you tell them could be used to steal your identity or take your money.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Be careful, my friend!",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/44016/Daniel Anderson",
"score": 10
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Think about it...",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
},
{
"text": "If the government has the money why would the government need more money to cover the tax on the money that the government already has?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "Couldn't the government just withhold 109,500 from the 1,900,000 it's holding already?",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
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[
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/22881/quid",
"score": 7
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "This is a scam.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "There is no soldier, no money ...",
"label": [
0
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"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
},
{
"text": "This is a story to gain sympathy and make one part with Bank account and other details so that the scammer can make away with your money.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1113/Dheer",
"score": 6
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "There is no doubt that this is a scam (you ask a British solicitor for help with this sort of problem, not an American friend) but it's not as obvious as some answers seem to assume.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Inheritance taxes always have to be paid before legacies can be received, and the funds are part of the estate not \"in the hands of the government\".",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "There are certainly ways round the problem (which vary by country), but if the facts were as the asker sets out, this would be a reasonable request.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "You can bet they aren't and it isn't.",
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0
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],
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/51784/TimLymington",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "Please help me. I'm in contact with someone who is an American soldier. He said that UK HM Revenue & Customs asked him to pay a large amount to recover the funds of his dead father. The total amount is £1,900,000 and the total tax is £109,500.Is it true that the UK is asking him to pay the taxes to recover the fund?",
"title": "Someone asking money for help to pay taxes of kin claiming fund in UK",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<taxes><united-kingdom><scams>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/72568",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/50275/nacera"
} | 6_4 | [
[
"This is a scam. A quick search will yield many examples. ",
"This is a well-known scam. A quick search online will yield many examples of this scam. It is one version of the oldest scams out there, where they state have won a prize or an inheritance. This is a story to gain sympathy and encourage you part with bank account and other details so that the scammer can steal your money."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
false
],
"cluster_sents_not_matched": [
[]
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} | [
1
] | [
[
"This is a well-known scam. A quick search online will yield many examples of this scam. It is one version of the oldest scams out there, where they tell you you have won a prize or an inheritance.",
"This is a story to gain sympathy and encourage you part with bank account and other details so that the scammer can steal your money."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The Federal Reserve website notes that creditors must accept cash for debts on services already rendered, but that businesses may refuse cash for services not yet rendered unless prohibited by local law.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
},
{
"text": "The Treasury website includes examples of businesses limiting what cash they will accept: For example, a bus line may prohibit payment of fares in pennies or dollar bills.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "In addition, movie theaters, convenience stores and gas stations may refuse to accept large denomination currency (usually notes above $20) as a matter of policy.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
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]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/12089/NL - Apologize to Monica",
"score": 73
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "You have to take legal tender to settle a debt.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "If your business model doesn't involve the customer incurring a debt that is then settled, you don't have to take cash.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
},
{
"text": "For example, in a restaurant where you pay after eating, you can insist on paying cash, because you're settling a debt.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "But in McDonald's they can refuse your cash at the counter, because you've not received your food yet",
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0
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"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "and so no debt has been incurred.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2325/Mike Scott",
"score": 18
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "They don't have to take cash if they reasonably told you in advance they don't take cash, because they made fair effort to prevent you from incurring a debt.",
"label": [
1
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1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "They don't have to take cash if the transaction hasn't yet happened (not a debt) or if it can be easily undone at no cost to either party - such as a newspaper subscription they can just stop delivering.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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]
},
{
"text": "Both of these reasons are limited by the rules against discrimination, see below.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "They don't have to take cash if it's impracticable .",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "For instance a transit bus when fares first went to $1.00, it took years to fund new fareboxes able to take paper money.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
},
{
"text": "You don't have to take a mortgage payment in pennies.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Liquor stores don't have to take $100 bills.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
},
{
"text": "(it requires them to keep too much change in the till, which makes them a robbery target).",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
},
{
"text": "Trouble arises when it appears there's an ulterior motive for the rule.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
},
{
"text": "Suppose a Landlord Jim requires rent to be paid with EFT.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
},
{
"text": "Rent-controlled Marcie tells the judge \"It's a scheme to oust me, he knows I'm unbanked\".",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Jim counters \"No.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I got mugged last month because criminals know when I collect cash rents.\"",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "It will turn on whether Jim can show good-faith effort to work with his unbanked tenants to find other ways to pay.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
},
{
"text": "If Jim does a particularly bad job of this, he could find himself paying Marcie's legal bills!",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Even worse if the ulterior motive is discrimination .",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
},
{
"text": "Chet the plumber hates Muslims.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
},
{
"text": "Alice the feed supplier hates the Amish.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
},
{
"text": "So they decide to take credit cards only, knowing those people's religions don't allow them.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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},
{
"text": "Their goose is cooked once they can't show any other reasonable reason to refuse cash.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/44366/Harper - Reinstate Monica",
"score": 13
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Apartment complexes have had a long history of not accepting cash for payment of rent.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "This eliminates the problem of robbery and strongly reduces the risks of embezzlement.",
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0
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"label_summ": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "THIS NOTE IS LEGAL TENDER FOR ALL DEBTS, PUBLIC AND PRIVATE Article 1, Section 10 of the US Constitution states:",
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},
{
"text": "No State shall ... make any Thing but gold and silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts",
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{
"text": "Previous editions of banknotes stated that the notes were redeemable in gold or in lawful money.",
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{
"text": "The Mint Act of 1792 set gold and silver as legal currency (and that one did not have to accept \"base metal coins\" for more than $10 which is why coin rolls only go up to $10).",
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0
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "The Coinage Act of 1873 dropped silver and made gold the legal standard for currency.",
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{
"text": "In 1933, the \"redeemable in gold\" was changed by federal statute and the legend you mention was added.",
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{
"text": "Prior to 1933, someone could demand that you pay them in gold and not with a bank note.",
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"text": "Legislation in 1933 ended that.",
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{
"text": "This clause in the Constitution leads some political groups to wish to return to a gold standard.",
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},
{
"text": "I recommend reading the book Greenback as it describes how our currency got the way it did and why that clause appears on currency.",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/7834/Tangurena",
"score": 5
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "A business can refuse cash (paper currency) payment pretty much in all cases",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "provided it's a reasonable policy and/or",
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0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "notified during/in advance of contracting.",
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Details in this link .",
"label": [
0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "\"all United States money as identified above are a valid and legal offer of payment for debts when tendered to a creditor.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "There is, however, no Federal statute mandating that a private business, a person or an organization must accept currency or coins as for payment for goods and/or services.\"",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Even if the payment is being made to settle a debt or other obligation, the creditor may refuse payment if their rationale is reasonable (as determined by the courts).",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/51897/Rich Seviora",
"score": 2
}
}
] | {
"question": "Printed on US currency you will find \"THIS NOTE IS LEGAL TENDER FOR ALL DEBTS, PUBLIC AND PRIVATE\". Some businesses have refused to accept larger bills for a long time, as other forms of payment have become more popular, some refuse cash completely. In what cases can a business refuse to accept cash?",
"title": "In what cases can a business refuse to take cash?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<united-states><debt><cash><payment>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/74196",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/12089/NL - Apologize to Monica"
} | 6_5 | [
[
"Creditors may accept cash for services already rendered, but for services not yet rendered they may refuse it. Any legal tender can be used to settle a debt. If you were told in advance then they can refuse to take cash.",
"Creditors have to take legal tender to settle a debt, but businesses may refuse cash for services not yet rendered unless local law prohibits this. If your business model doesn't involve the customer incurring a debt you don't have to take cash. You also don't have to take cash if you inform people clearly in advance that you do not accept this. You are also not obliged to accept cash if it's impracticable. Additionally, some places may refuse to accept large denomination currency as a matter of policy. "
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
false
],
"cluster_sents_not_matched": [
[]
]
} | [
1
] | [
[
"Creditors have to take legal tender to settle a debt, but businesses may refuse cash for services not yet rendered unless local law prohibits this.",
"If your business model doesn't involve the customer incurring a debt you don't have to take cash. You also don't have to take cash if you inform people clearly in advance that you do not accept this. You are also not obliged to accept cash if it's impracticable. Additionally, some places may refuse to accept large denomination currency as a matter of policy. "
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I assume this happens to everyone in the US, and I believe the reason is simply due to competition.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Here are my data points:",
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0
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},
{
"text": "I was with Allstate for 17 years, and the rates were pretty consistent for a long time, then about 6 years ago every 6 months my rate would go up slightly.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "After 2-3 years of that I called and I asked why?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "I was told it was due to the average rates in my area increasing, etc.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I pointed out how loyal of a customer I was, and nothing helped.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "So I got a quote from Geico which was $130 lower per 6 months.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I called AllState and asked them to match it",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "or I'm leaving.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
},
{
"text": "They wouldn't.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "So I switched to Geico.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "1 month later my Allstate agent called me and told me she could match (or beat) the rate I had with Geico if I came back.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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},
{
"text": "I said no. 2 years with Geico and my rates started inching up.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "After 18 months of increases I went through the shockingly identical process, and ended up switching to StateFarm.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
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},
{
"text": "Now I've been with StateFarm for coming up on 2 years and it's happening again.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Note",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
},
{
"text": "I have never had a claim or a ticket in over 15 years.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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]
},
{
"text": "My conclusion is that (all?)",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "car insurance companies in the US lose money on new customers, and they are willing to do that just to get the customer.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Slowly they raise rates to price them to where they should be.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The only way to get the lower rate is to switch companies every few years.",
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1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/17718/TTT",
"score": 53
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Part of auto insurance is your potential liability cost.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
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},
{
"text": "I'm personally in the same boat as you, no infractions, same car, and my insurance went up (though less than yours).",
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0
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0
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "I live in California, in an area where I'm likely to hit a Mercedes (or some other luxury thing) if I hit anything.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
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"cluster_id": [
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},
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"text": "Lots of people in my area buy expensive cars and as a result I pay significantly more for the same liability coverage as I would in a lot of other zip codes.",
"label": [
0
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"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Add to that normal inflationary pressure on auto-body repair shops and you have increases even if you, personally, don't present any new risk.",
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "In response to the discussion below",
"label": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "I'm revising this point.",
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0
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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},
{
"text": "There are loads of factors insurers consider beyond your claims history, driving record and good student status.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
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]
},
{
"text": "Maybe a lot of people in your neighborhood are buying Mercedes or some other expensive vehicles.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Maybe your newly attained age triggers a different risk evaluation in their models.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
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]
},
{
"text": "Any number of criteria related to you could have changed apart from your personal driving record.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
},
{
"text": "The carrier has a pool of people and the ability to price certain criteria related to you.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
},
{
"text": "The insurer's overall pool needs to be profitable and sometimes that means higher risk people are subsidizing the cost of lower-risk people, and sometimes the opposite can be true.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
},
{
"text": "Every part of the risk spectrum will generate claims, claim expenses aren't exclusive to the high risk segment of the pool.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "When an insurer increases it's prices that means that relative to the expected claims of the pool, or some piece of your specific underwriting classification, it's not generating enough top-line revenue.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
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},
{
"text": "Maybe this price increase hits everyone in the pool, maybe it's only the higher-risk or the lower-risk people, maybe it's only the folks with big limit coverage, maybe the student discount gets smaller.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "No matter the adjustment, the carrier has determined that it either can or should generate more revenue and/or shed some individuals from some facet of its pool.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
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},
{
"text": "No matter your personal driving record and perceived risk category, if you get an 8% increase you should go shopping.",
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1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "It's likely that some other carrier wants someone in your underwriting category more than your current carrier does.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "An 8% increase from your current carrier indicates they expect some number of people like you to leave.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/22881/quid",
"score": 13
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Because it's profitable Insurance companies have found that if you raise peoples' premiums by 5%, a few of them will switch, but most of them either won't notice, or won't want to deal with the hassle and admin of switching in order to save a few %.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
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]
},
{
"text": "Net Result?",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "They have (a few) fewer customers = fewer payouts, and more revenue.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
},
{
"text": "Hence more profits.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
},
{
"text": "So they keep doing it.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
},
{
"text": "If they lost more in revenue than they gained in higher premiums, they would stop doing it overnight.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "But they don't, so they don't.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "The same dynamics happen in (almost all) recurring-subscription service industries where people expect the prices to vary: Car insurance (in fact, most insurance), mobile phone contracts, rent, leases etc.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "The only way to avoid it is to keep an eye on your bills and shop around as soon as they start going up.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/24524/Kaz",
"score": 7
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Depending on where you live local regulations allow insurers to rate you based on many factors besides the type of car and how many accidents/tickets you've had historically.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
-1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Your rates might go up if you have recently moved, if your credit score has taken a hit, if you've become divorced, or if they have concluded that they have to raise all of their policies in your area by a fixed percentage due to a higher number of claims from your neighbors.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/12089/NL - Apologize to Monica",
"score": 4
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "As with many other industries, they are betting you will not consider the cost increase is worth the hassle of switching.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Loyal customers and well off customers are easy targets.",
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0
],
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],
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},
{
"text": "If they try to increase too high, you may be willing to switch.",
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0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "If they increase too low, then they miss out on potential profits.",
"label": [
0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "They probably have tested various amount increases and found a happy medium.",
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],
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1794/James Lawruk",
"score": 1
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "If you live in New York, and you took a driver safety course over three years ago , you can expect to lose the 10% mandatory car insurance discount that you would have been receiving.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
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]
},
{
"text": "Other states may have other discounts , I don't know all the details.",
"label": [
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]
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/3216/zzzzBov",
"score": 0
}
}
] | {
"question": "I have just received a new auto insurance bill for the next six months for my comprehensive insurance. It is about 8% higher than the previous six months whereas I have had no new moving infractions and the vehicle is the same as before, meaning older, meaning costing less to replace. What actuarial reasoning could explain this increase?",
"title": "Auto premium increasing with aging vehicle and no new tickets",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<united-states><car><insurance><car-insurance>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/75232",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/12359/amphibient"
} | 6_6 | [
[
"There are other factors that go into making up the price. They might increase everyone in your pool if there have been a lot of recent claims. It could also be to do with age or if your personal situation has changed.",
"Auto insurance includes your potential liability cost and many factors are considered in addition to claims history, driving record and good student status. For example, your age may trigger a different risk evaluation in their models. When insurers increase their prices it means they are not generating enough top-line revenue relative to the expected claims of the pool. This price increase may have affected everyone in the pool, or maybe only the higher-risk people. Your rates might also go up if you have recently moved, if your credit score has taken a hit, if you have recently divorced, or due to a higher number of claims by your neighbours. Add to that normal inflationary pressure on auto-body repair shops and you have increases even if you, personally, don't present any new risk. Regardless of your personal driving record and perceived risk category, if you get an 8% increase you should shop around for a better deal. Insurance companies have found that if they raise premiums by 5%, a few customers will switch, but most either won't notice, or won't want the hassle and admin of switching just to save a few %. The only way to get lower rates is to switch companies every few years."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
true
],
"cluster_sents_not_matched": [
[]
]
} | [
1
] | [
[
"Auto insurance includes your potential liability cost and many factors are considered in addition to claims history, driving record and good student status. For example, your age may trigger a different risk evaluation in their models. When insurers increase their prices it means they are not generating enough top-line revenue relative to the expected claims of the pool. This price increase may have affected everyone in the pool, or maybe only the higher-risk people. Your rates might also go up if you have recently moved, if your credit score has taken a hit, if you have recently divorced, or due to a higher number of claims by your neighbours.",
"Regardless of your personal driving record and perceived risk category, if you get an 8% increase you should shop around for a better deal. Insurance companies have found that if they raise premiums by 5%, a few customers will switch, but most either won't notice, or won't want the hassle and admin of switching just to save a few %. The only way to get lower rates is to switch companies every few years."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Would a rose smell as sweet if you called it a stench blossom?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Excerpt on gifts from",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "an LBMC article : The payment must be in the nature of “something for nothing.”",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
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},
{
"text": "It is not a gift if the payment is a reward for services rendered.",
"label": [
1
],
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1
],
"cluster_id": [
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0
]
]
},
{
"text": "With regard to payments made by an individual to a service provider, it is difficult to argue that such payments constitute gifts, even when the amounts are paid at the holidays.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "You can pretend it's a gift, but if you got it at your place of work after performing a service for the patron, it's a tip.",
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1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/52448/Hart CO",
"score": 46
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Q: If I call a tail a leg, then how many legs does a dog have?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "A: 4.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You can call it whatever you want, it's still a tail.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The scenario is nonsense.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "There is a quid pro quo, the waitress served the customer and he tipped her.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "A $7 tip on a $24.47 check.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
},
{
"text": "He was generous, but misguided if he thought that this note would let the tip go untaxed.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "And even though the article you link is fresh, the author has the gift threshold incorrect.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "This year it's $14,000, and has been so since 2013.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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]
},
{
"text": "A cute story, and unlikely to be an issue for $7, but the IRS would take notice if this idea gained any traction.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "Two references -",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
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[
-1
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]
},
{
"text": "If Gifts Are Not Income, Why Tax Gratuities?",
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0
],
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],
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]
},
{
"text": "From the Tax Court Files",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": ": Is That Money a Gift or Income?",
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0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/187/JTP - Apologise to Monica",
"score": 20
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I worked in the service industry for over 10 years and this came up every now and again.",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "Mostly in hypothetical situations.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "I'm not a tax expert, but my general understanding is that it is viewed as income by the IRS if you performed a service of any kind in exchange for the money.",
"label": [
1
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "In other words, if you waited on the table, and they left you a gift for doing so, it is taxable.",
"label": [
1
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "You'll probably also find that if you pool tips with other employees or have to tip out the bartenders, cooks or dishwashers, they'll generally agree with the IRS that you clearly received a tip and want their fair share.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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1
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},
{
"text": "While the concept of \"gifting\" money to others in a situation like this is intriguing, especially in the service industry, it really doesn't meet the definition of a gift in the eyes of the IRS.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "For it to truly be a gift, the person would have had to intend to gift you the money even if they hadn't come into your restaurant at all that night.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
2
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]
},
{
"text": "That clearly is not the case here.",
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],
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/55530/Keith",
"score": 8
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Here's my obligatory contrarian answer...",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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]
},
{
"text": "No, the way the note was written, it wouldn't stand up to IRS scrutiny.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Libertarians need to get a little more creative if they want to skirt the laws and make up a credible story about why it is a gift: Thanks for chatting with me at dinner tonight, I feel like we're becoming fast friends.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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},
{
"text": "I'm sorry you weren't able to sit down and eat with me, so here are a few bucks to buy you dinner/dessert when your shift ends.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "It's not a tip; your service was lousy!",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I'm still doubtful that this would stand up to scrutiny, but unlike the note that was left in the picture, it actually does have a chance.",
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0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/12089/NL - Apologize to Monica",
"score": 4
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Imagine two restaurants.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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},
{
"text": "One has prices 15% higher than the other, and the owner pays this 15% to his wait staff in the form of higher wages.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "The other has lower prices, but the average customer gifts 15% to their waiter.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Clearly, in the first restaurant, the 15% the wait staff receives is taxable income.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "It is traditional salary.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "What legitimate, economic justification is their for treating the second restaurant any differently?",
"label": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Imagine a grocery store in a small town that offered long-time customers a \"pay nothing\" option but made it clear that they'd be subject to social ostracism and no longer welcome in the store if they didn't gift 85% of the usual cost of the items.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "The customers would save on sales tax and the grocer would argue that all that money was gifts, not income.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
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},
{
"text": "Of course this doesn't work.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "The IRS, and the laws, don't care very much about what you call things.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "They care about the underlying economic reality.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If the money was part of the payment for the services rendered, regardless of how it was delivered, what the parties called it, or whether the obligation to pay was legal or social, it's still a payment for the service and it's still taxable.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "You would have to be able to argue to the IRS that it really was a gift and wasn't any form of payment for the service received.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
2
]
]
},
{
"text": "Otherwise, it's just a scheme to evade taxes.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/4548/David Schwartz",
"score": 4
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "One way to possibly disambiguate it from a tip is to receive it outside of your service context.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
2
]
]
},
{
"text": "If there really is a relationship, and they want to show appreciation or help you out financially, the \"gift\" could be given outside of the restaurant.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Otherwise, I agree that it seems like tax evasion.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
},
{
"text": "The purpose of the money was to compensate for services rendered, which is income, not a gift.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If it's just a random stranger, then I'd have a hard time arguing that the purpose was pure altruism versus socially-mandated tipping.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Why can't I just have my employer just give me a \"gift\" every Christmas instead of a bonus?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Or just reduce by salary by $18k and give me a $1,500 \"gift\" every month?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5363/D Stanley",
"score": 3
}
}
] | {
"question": "As a waiter/waitress, if I received money from a customer and he/she specifically said that this is not a tip, but a gift , do I need to report it at the end of the night to the restaurant? Do I need to report it on my tax return? According to the article \"An Internal Revenue Service (IRS) spokesperson conceded that he'd never heard of such a situation...\"",
"title": "Reporting monetary gifts as a waiter/waitress?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<united-states><taxes><gifts>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/78978",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/52076/Michael"
} | 6_7 | [
[
"It is difficult to argue that this constitutes a gift if it was a reward for services, especially as it was at your place of work.",
"It is not a gift if the payment is a reward for services rendered and it is difficult to argue that such payments constitute gifts. If you received it at your place of work after performing a service, for example waiting on the table, it is classed as a tip and subsequently taxable. You may also find that if you pool tips with other employees, they may argue that you clearly received a tip and want their fair share. For it to truly be classed as a gift, the person would have had to intend to gift you the money even if they hadn't come into your restaurant at all that night and you will need to be able to argue that it wasn't any form of payment for the service received. One way to remove doubt would be to receive it outside of your service context. "
]
] | {
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1
] | [
[
"It is not a gift if the payment is a reward for services rendered and it is difficult to argue that such payments constitute gifts. If you received it at your place of work after performing a service, for example waiting on the table, it is classed as a tip and subsequently taxable.",
"You may also find that if you pool tips with other employees, they may argue that you clearly received a tip and want their fair share. ",
"For it to truly be classed as a gift, the person would have had to intend to gift you the money even if they hadn't come into your restaurant at all that night and you will need to be able to argue that it wasn't any form of payment for the service received. One way to remove doubt would be to receive it outside of your service context. "
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I think the biggest reason is price ; it's a lot cheaper now than it was to offer these.",
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1
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1
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "That's because for the most part, when you get a credit score for free, you're not getting a true FICO score.",
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],
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1
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "You're getting instead a VantageScore.",
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"text": "VantageScore was created by the three credit bureaus , and as such they can offer it without paying Fair Isaac a licensing fee.",
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"text": "That makes it a lot cheaper to offer, and while it's not absolutely identical to FICO (or more accurately to any of the FICO provided scores)",
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"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "it's close enough for most peoples' purpose.",
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{
"text": "And of course undoubtedly Fair Isaac has some price pressure on their side now that Vantage is big enough that many people see them as fungible.",
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0
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"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "As such they've had to make it easier, or they'd lose business - no longer being a monopolist.",
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{
"text": "The other relevant piece here is that probably in many of these cases they're really just offering you what Experian would give you directly -",
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0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "so it's just a cross-marketing thing (where Experian, or perhaps another bureau, gets access to you as a customer so they can up-sell you ID theft insurance and whatnot, while the bank gets to offer the free score).",
"label": [
0
],
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/12894/Joe",
"score": 5
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Why are banks all of a sudden providing people their credit scores for free?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "Because it is a really good idea.",
"label": [
0
],
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},
{
"text": "On an ABC Bank website, it has:",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "\"Check your credit score for free\" button.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You click it.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "Not only will it come up with a credit score, but it could also trigger a marketing workflow.",
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1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If it is direct mail, email, or a phone call a banker could contact you for help with a debt product.",
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0
],
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0
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"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "This marketing could also be targeted, say a person with a high score could be targeted for a mortgage.",
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"text": "A person with a low or medium score could be targeted for ways and products to improve their score.",
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"text": "Now if you run XYZ bank and not do the same, you are losing a competitive advantage to banks that offer this.",
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"text": "Not only will your customers be less happy, but you will lose a great marketing opportunities.",
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"text": "Face it, the only people that worry about their credit score are people that are in the market to borrow.",
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"text": "Which again, is more information.",
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"text": "If you have someone that never checks their credit score, or has their credit frozen, then it is wise not to market to them debt products.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/10613/Pete B.",
"score": 4
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"sents": [
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"text": "Two possible reasons: The banks are already soft pulling your credit every month to see what sort of pre-approved offers they want to present you.",
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"text": "Since they already have the information they are providing it to you as an additional feature.",
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"text": "The bank wants to know your credit score, and waits for you to initiate by viewing your credit score through their website.",
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"text": "As soon as you initiate it, they make the soft pull and now they have the information also.",
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"text": "You can tell which scenario it is based on the credit history they provide you.",
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"text": "If you look at the history and they show you your scores for each month, even though you didn't initiate it, then they are auto checking it each month.",
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"text": "If the historical dates are only on the dates you clicked on the button, they are only checking when you manually click on it.",
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"text": "As for the why they provide it, a few years back it was a desirable feature.",
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"text": "Now they all do it just to keep pace with everyone else.",
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"text": "Note that most banks only provide a single scoring model from one bureau (but different banks use different bureaus).",
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"sents": [
{
"text": "It's the inevitable result of the Fair, Isaac Company deciding to sell access to credit scores to the general public: some marketing dude at one of the banks thought, \"Wouldn't it be a great idea if we could use 'free' access to FICO scores as a differentiator for our CCs?\"",
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"text": "And, because most humans play follow the leader, soon enough, other banks were paying FICO a license to present FICO scores to their card holders.",
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"sents": [
{
"text": "An alternative take on the \"why\" is that most people's credit is better than they think, and all of these banks offer credit products.",
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"text": "Put a \"good credit\" badge next to an ad for a shiny new card or auto refi, and it's just good business.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/59367/Rakurai",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "It used to be that you had to pay to see your credit score and that credit scores were kept a \"secret\" so you'd never know what it was when you went to apply for a loan. However, now, almost every bank is offering people their credit scores for free (even if you aren't a customer of that bank). Why are banks all of a sudden providing people their credit scores for free?",
"title": "Why are banks providing credit scores for free?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<united-states><credit-score>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/79882",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/52076/Michael"
} | 6_8 | [
[
"It's a lot cheaper now to offer credit checks. If it's a free score, then it's often not accurate. The banks are also soft pulling credit scores to see what they can offer you, so it's easy for them to offer you a free credit check.",
"One of the reasons is that it is a lot cheaper now than it used to be to offer these. Plus, when you get a credit score for free, you're not getting a true FICO score. In addition to offering a credit score, it may also trigger marketing workflow and the bank gets to see your what sort of pre-approved offers they want to send you."
]
] | {
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"One of the reasons is that it is a lot cheaper now than it used to be to offer these. Plus, when you get a credit score for free, you're not getting a true FICO score. ",
"In addition to offering a credit score, it may also trigger marketing workflow and the bank gets to see your what sort of pre-approved offers they want to send you."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "How would gold have protected you during the 2007/8 crisis?",
"label": [
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],
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},
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"text": "In no way, shape or form.",
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},
{
"text": "The ways to protect yourself at any time are: A reasonable debt/salary ratio:",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "In other words, don't over-extend yourself on the mortgage, how much the mortgage broker says you can buy with 0% down.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Ditto on the cars you buy.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "A healthy emergency fund.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
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]
},
{
"text": "Diversified investments Don't follow investment fads",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "If you really think that the bubble is going to pop soon, shift more into bonds.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "(They recover quicker.)",
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0
],
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],
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]
},
{
"text": "Don't buy gold and silver.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "(Hard to pay for groceries with it.)",
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0
],
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],
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},
{
"text": "Minimal CC debt.",
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "Boring, huh?",
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],
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],
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/22266/RonJohn",
"score": 22
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Those ‘crises’ are only an issue if you need your savings during the time of crisis.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "If you have time to sit it out, you should just do that, and come out of the crisis with a gain.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "People that lose money during a crisis lose it because they sell their investments during the crisis, either because they had to or because they thought they should.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "If you look at historic values of investments, the market overall always recovers and goes over the orignal value some time after the crisis.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Investing even more right in the crisisis the best way to make a lot of money.",
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],
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/35405/Aganju",
"score": 6
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Your asset mix should reflect your own risk tolerance.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "Whatever the ideal answer to your question, it requires you to have good timing, not once, but twice.",
"label": [
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"label_summ": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "Let me offer a personal example.",
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "In 2007, the S&P hit its short term peak at 1550 or so.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "As it tanked in the crisis, a coworker shared with me that he went to cash, on the way down, selling out at about 1100.",
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"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "At the bottom, 670 or so, I congratulated his brilliance (sarcasm here) and as it passed 1300 just 2 years later, again mentions how he must be thrilled he doubled his money.",
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"text": "He admitted he was still in cash.",
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},
{
"text": "Done with stocks.",
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},
{
"text": "So he was worse off than had he held on to his pre-crash assets.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "For sake of disclosure, my own mix at the time was 100% stock.",
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},
{
"text": "That's not a recommendation, just a reflection of how my wife and I were invested.",
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},
{
"text": "We retired early, and after the 2013 excellent year, moved to a mix closer to 75/25.",
"label": [
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},
{
"text": "At any time, a crisis hits, and we have 5-6 years spending money to let the market recover.",
"label": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "If a Japanesque long term decline occurs, Social Security kicks in for us in 8 years.",
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},
{
"text": "If my intent wasn't 100% clear, I'm suggesting your long term investing should always reflect your own risk tolerance, not some short term gut feel that disaster is around the corner.",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/187/JTP - Apologise to Monica",
"score": 3
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "In the 2008 housing crash, cash was king.",
"label": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Cash can make your mortgage payment, buy groceries, utilities, etc.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
},
{
"text": "Great deals on bank owned properties were available for those with cash.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "Getting a mortgage in 2008-2011 was tough.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "If you are worried about stock market crashing, then diversification is key.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Don't have all your investments in one mutual fund or sector.",
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0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "Gold and precious metals have a place in one's portfolio, say 5-10 percent as an insurance policy.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "The days of using a Gold Double Eagle to pay the property taxes are largely gone, although Utah does allow it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "The biggest lesson I took from the crash is you cant have too much cash saved.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
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},
{
"text": "Build up the rainy day fund.",
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],
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/64180/Mortgageboss",
"score": 1
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "There are a 2 questions you need to ask yourself.",
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0
],
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],
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},
{
"text": "When do you want to \"retire\" and what will that look like?",
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},
{
"text": "Will you be working?",
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "What risks will derail your plan?",
"label": [
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"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "At some point, you'll either need to stop working or be forced to stop working.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "It's at that point when you'll need your savings.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "So what you're really worried about is - when you'll need to use your savings.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "The most common and dangerous risk people face is losing their job and being unemployable or having a health issue.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "These are \"internal risks\" that you need to deal with through mitigation (eating healthy, improving your job skills) and risk transference (insurance).",
"label": [
0
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"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Don't worry about predicting the future.",
"label": [
0
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"label_summ": [
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "You're making an assumption that there will be another financial crisis in your lifetime, which may be wrong.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "We could also have a long bull market as well.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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]
},
{
"text": "There's no way of predicting external risks, so don't worry about it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Your investment strategy should focus on the easy things to control - diversification and asset allocation.",
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/65930/Steven Burnside",
"score": 1
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "A somewhat provocative (but not unserious) proposal: Rent, don't buy a house to live in.",
"label": [
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"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "In 2007/8, the thing that got many people in deep trouble is their mortgage.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "It's not a productive investment but a speculative bet on what was in fact a bubble and a class of assets that is notoriously slow to recover after a slump.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Before thinking about your savings or buying into silly ideas about gold, you should realise that as a middle class worker, the biggest risk after a crisis is losing your job.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Renting your accommodation means being able to downgrade or move very quickly and not being forced to sell a house at the worse possible time.",
"label": [
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"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "If you really do need to liquidate some of your investments at a bad time, having a more diversified portfolio means that you are not losing everything to meet some short-term obligations.",
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},
{
"text": "Assuming you're in the US, this means forgoing some nice tax advantages that might be too tempting to resist",
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},
{
"text": "(I'm not",
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{
"text": "so I am basing this on what I read on this site)",
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"text": "but, bubbles aside, there is nothing that makes real estate a particularly good investment as such, especially if you also live in the house you're buying.",
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"text": "You might very well come out on top but you expose yourself to several risks and are less prepared to face a crisis.",
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],
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/11981/Relaxed",
"score": 0
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}
] | {
"question": "Last financial crisis happened 10 years ago - there is the risk of another one some time in the future. I am middle class worker with an average savings. I know that investing in gold should be safe to minimise damages from the next potential financial crisis. Which other investment strategy should I choose if I want to prepare?",
"title": "How should I prepare for the next financial crisis?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<investing><gold>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/86619",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/None/"
} | 6_9 | [
[
"You should have a reasonable debt/salary ratio to begin with. The biggest risk in a crisis is losing your job. You should make sure you have cash to make your payments.",
"The ways to protect yourself at any time are by having a reasonable debt/salary ratio. Before thinking of investing or buying gold, you should realise that the biggest risk after a crisis is losing your job. Those crises only become an issue if you need your savings during the time of crisis. Those people who lost money during a crisis lost it because they sold their investments during the crisis for whatever reason. In the 2008 housing crash, cash was king. With cash, you can make your mortgage payment, buy groceries, utilities, etc. During a crisis you can’t have too much cash saved. "
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"The ways to protect yourself at any time are by having a reasonable debt/salary ratio. Before thinking of investing or buying gold, you should realise that the biggest risk after a crisis is losing your job. Those crises only become an issue if you need your savings during the time of crisis. Those people who lost money during a crisis lost it because they sold their investments during the crisis for whatever reason.",
"In the 2008 housing crash, cash was king. With cash, you can make your mortgage payment, buy groceries, utilities, etc. During a crisis you can’t have too much cash saved. "
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"text": "It's worth noting that Warren Buffet is a value investor, not a trader.",
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"text": "As such, it doesn't tell you much about technical analysis or trend following.",
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"text": "Instead, he's implying that when the market gets overly excited (overvalued) or panics (undervalued), there are opportunities for long-term profits, assuming you do your due diligence and have an opinion of what the fair value should be.",
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"text": "Note that it's difficult, if not impossible, to consistently time and beat the market and that the costs incurred by frequent trading eat away at your profits.",
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"text": "I believe you are confused by the vague language.",
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"text": "Trading is a process where smart money and institutions take money from the public.",
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"text": "Consider the concept of \"market cycle\".",
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"text": "Institutions start a trend, buying in at the bottom, and only then it gets the public's attention and they start buying in higher, chasing the price.",
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"text": "When the public is at peak euphoria, feeling so smart, institutions start \"distributing\" their position to this panic-buying and soon to be bagholding public.",
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"text": "This is the market cycle phase known as distribution.",
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"text": "After institutions dump their position on the public the market starts contracting as the public sells lower and lower than they bought in.",
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"text": "When the public is at peak panic, the \"accumulation\" phase happens where institutions buy positions from the public at the bottom.",
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"text": "Warren Buffet says to buy when \"everyone\" is selling, and sell when \"everyone\" is buying.",
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"text": "When he says \"everyone\" he is talking about the public, Joe Sixpack.",
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"text": "To rephrase, what he means is \"Be like institutions, accumulate during peak public panic and distribute during peak public euphoria\".",
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"text": "Being a long term value investor, he is speaking in terms of timing trades with the broad market cycles.",
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"text": "This is not daytrading advice.",
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"text": "Don't get confused and think this should be applied to every technical signal, blindly doing the opposite of what they say.",
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"text": "It does not mean to buy when moving averages cross down, or to sell when macd cross up.",
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"text": "It certainly does not mean to sell above support and buy below resistance.",
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"text": "Not at all.",
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"text": "The time period where everyone is selling a stock and when everyone is buying a stock may be years apart.",
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"text": "The exact dynamics of what's happening precisely when you buy and precisely when you sell won't significantly affect the profit or loss you take on a trade.",
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"text": "What will, however, is whether you bought or traded the right stock, and that's what Buffet's advice is intended to help you do.",
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"text": "If everyone is buying a stock, that likely means its price is higher than its value.",
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"text": "That's makes it a good stock to sell.",
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"text": "If everyone is selling a stock, that pushes its price below its value.",
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"text": "That makes it a good stock to buy.",
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"text": "Like others have said, Warren is a value investor.",
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"text": "He is not really interested in technical analysis or trend spotting.",
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"text": "He buys a company that he has determined is undervalued, and waits for it to be overvalued.",
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"text": "He has a quick way of checking the fundamentals and presumably puts the company through a model that in a few minutes, will tell him whether the firm is undervalued.",
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"text": "Here is what I wrote for another question similar in nature: Value investing involves looking at a firm's fundamentals and coming up with an \"intrinsic value\" per share.",
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"text": "From there, you determine if the stock is under or over valued relative to market share price.",
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"text": "A disciplined value investor will sell when their models say that the stock is no longer undervalued.",
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"text": "Any interest in that company after that is not value investing and is simply betting on the stock.",
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"text": "Of course an investor will update models and change them appropriately throughout the investment period to make sure their models reflect current conditions.",
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"text": "There is no average or expected time it takes for an undervalued stock to appreciate.",
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"text": "The idea with value investing is that the market will correct \"mistakes\" made in undervaluing a company.",
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"text": "It could also be that the firm's fundamentals point towards a strong outlook (typically 10 years) and the market has yet to realize this.",
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"text": "Hope",
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"text": "this helps you make sense of things!",
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"text": "The theory couldn't be more straightforward.",
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"text": "You sell when you find better things to do with your money.",
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"text": "Either sitting on your current account or other investments.",
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"text": "It follows that that's the same reason to buy, ie because your money will be more productive allocated in an investment.",
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"text": "In the meantime -most of the time-",
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"text": "the investment is left alone either compounding or generating cash via dividends which you have to allocate in turn or, in some cases (pure value investing), eventually realizing its fair value.",
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"text": "Allocating capital is simply done after an estimation of future returns of all the universe of possible investments at any given time for a somewhat arbitrary long period into the future.",
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"text": "Support and resistance levels is just witchcraft lingo.",
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"text": "Investors and traders have different perspectives on markets.",
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"text": "If a security's price falls further from an initial buy, a trader may have a stop loss or just sell because the trend is downward, while a long-term investor would view that price fall as a buying opportunity.",
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"text": "A value investor's time frame is typically much longer than a trader's time frame (years vs. months), so you can't really compare what Buffett says to a short time frame.",
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"text": "When Buffett says to buy low, sell high, buy in panic, sell in optimism, his price to buy is with respect to his evaluation of intrinsic value, not to technical patterns.",
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"text": "Usually, short-term price movements are of no concern to value investors, unless a price move reflects new information that has a big impact on the investors' appraisal of value.",
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] | {
"question": "Warren Buffet says buy when everyone is selling and sell when everyone is buying. Taking into consideration the support and resistance levels, everyone is selling near the resistance level and everyone is buying near the support levels. If we follow Buffet's advice, aren't we going to incur loss in every trade?",
"title": "Paradox - When to buy & when to sell a share?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<stocks><trading><stock-markets><technical-analysis><trend-trading>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/89540",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/66844/6nagi9"
} | 6_10 | [
[
"What he means is to buy up stocks cheaply during a panic and sell off at a high price when things calm down. His price to buy is with respect to his evaluation of intrinsic value.",
"When Buffett says to buy low, sell high, buy in panic, sell in optimism, this relates to his own evaluation of intrinsic value, rather than technical patterns. He means act like institutions, accumulate during peak public panic and distribute during peak public euphoria. Investors and traders have different perspectives on markets. Also, the time periods where everyone is selling or buying a stock may be years apart. You should probably sell when you find better things to do with your money. When everyone is buying a stock, that probably means its price is higher than its value."
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"When Buffett says to buy low, sell high, buy in panic, sell in optimism, this relates to his own evaluation of intrinsic value, rather than technical patterns. He means act like institutions, accumulate during peak public panic and distribute during peak public euphoria. ",
"Investors and traders have different perspectives on markets. Also, the time periods where everyone is selling or buying a stock may be years apart. You should probably sell when you find better things to do with your money.",
"When everyone is buying a stock, that probably means its price is higher than its value."
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[
{
"sents": [
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"text": "Real estate can be rented out (or otherwise \"used\"), so it \"produces\" income.",
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"text": "He's not solely investing in real estate in the hopes the value increases, he's saying it's a better investment because it produces income whether or not the value increases.",
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"text": "Gold is a commodity.",
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"text": "If I have some gold, my gold is exactly the same as someone else’s gold.",
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"text": "I have absolutely no control over the value, and when I go to sell it, my price is completely dependent on what everyone else in the market is doing.",
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"text": "I compete with every other seller on price alone; there is no other way to differentiate my product.",
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"text": "For real estate, there are no two parcels alike.",
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"text": "For starters, location, which is a huge factor in the value, is different for every piece of land.",
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"text": "Real estate can be developed to increase the value, and developments on land affect the value of others nearby.",
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"text": "Real estate can be used for many things to generate income, such as running a business or renting to someone else.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Isn't real estate's price increase only driven by other people's demand",
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"text": "Yes, that's what makes it productive.",
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"text": "Productive assets, in general, have prices that are largely based on their ability to produce income.",
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"text": "If you are putting money into real estate hoping to make money from price increases, you aren't treating real estate as a productive asset, but instead as a speculative asset.",
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"text": "If you aren't expecting to make money from price increases, but are instead expecting to make money from rent or other value produced, then you are treating it as a productive asset.",
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"text": "I fail to see how real estate produce periodic profit like farms or business.",
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"text": "I fail to see how you could fail to see that.",
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"text": "Real estate generally produces rent.",
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"text": "It can also produce income from economic activity taking place on it.",
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"text": "A farm is itself partially real estate; you can't have a farm without land.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Simplified calcualtion:If you buy a flat for $100k and rent it out for $500/Month: $500*12 / $100,000 = 6% ROI Try that with Gold ....",
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"sents": [
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"text": "You have an idea to manufacture and sell widgets.",
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"text": "At first, you and your partner, let's call him Woz, make widgets in the garage at your home.",
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"text": "Eventually, the demand for your widgets grows and you need more space for widget making machines, raw materials and new employees.",
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"text": "You find and rent a small building in a nearby industrial park.",
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"text": "The owner of the land collects rent from his productive asset.",
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"text": "Eventually, you need even more space and, after making a cost-benefit analysis, decide that it is more efficient to buy your own land and build your own building.",
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"text": "It is a wonderful day when the doors open below the sign, \"Patrix Widget Company.\"",
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"text": "In this way, the land, the building, the machinery, the raw materials, the invested capital and the employees are all part of the process to build and sell widgets.",
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"text": "Remove the land and building from the equation and there are no widgets produced.",
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"text": "Real estate, in this way, is a productive asset.",
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] | {
"question": "In Berkshire Hathaway 2011 letter , Buffet said that: My own preference – and you knew this was coming – is our third category: investment in productive assets, whether businesses, farms, or real estate. I fail to see how real estate produce periodic profit like farms or business. Isn't real estate's price increase only driven by other people's demand? How does it differ from gold, which he considers as unproductive ?",
"title": "Why does Warren Buffet consider real estate as productive asset?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<investing><assets><value-investing><investment-property>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/90502",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/66784/PatrixCR"
} | 6_11 | [
[
"Real estate can produce income from rental or development so it's a better investment because it produces income whether or not the value increases. ",
"Real estate can be rented out or used for other purposes so it produces income or rent. So with real estate you are not only investing in real estate in the hopes the value increases, but it is also a better investment because it produces income whether or not the value increases. Real estate can be developed to increase its value, and developments on land also affect the value of others nearby. It can also be used for many things to generate income, such as running a business or renting to someone else. "
]
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[
"Real estate can be rented out or used for other purposes so it produces income or rent. So with real estate you are not only investing in real estate in the hopes the value increases, but it is also a better investment because it produces income whether or not the value increases.",
"Real estate can be developed to increase its value, and developments on land affect the value of others nearby.It can also be used for many things to generate income, such as running a business or renting to someone else. "
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
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"text": "Most mortgages (in the US) accrue interest on a monthly basis, and in that case it doesn't matter on what day(s)",
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"text": "you make your payment.",
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"text": "4 times per month or once per month will be identical if the totals are equal.",
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"text": "It's rare, but some mortgages accrue interest daily (like a credit card) and in that case it would help to make earlier payments if possible.",
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"text": "Also, (mentioned in D Stanley's comment), $500/week does not equal $2000/month.",
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"text": "It would have to be $2166.67 per month to be (almost) equal.",
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"text": "As a side note, your idea would help for paying off a credit card that is accruing interest on a daily basis.",
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"text": "Ask the mortgage company.",
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"text": "Some people do this.",
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"text": "If you do this you will be making 13 monthly payments a year.",
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"text": "If they credit is correctly that will shorten the length of the mortgage and save you interest.",
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"text": "What you want to avoid is having to pay a fee for this.",
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"text": "In the past some companies would charge a setup fee to allow you to make mortgage payments every two weeks, thus getting 13 monthly payments in the year.",
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"text": "The setup fee limited the benefit.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "For most regular mortgages, pay a week or two early or pay up to the day before a late fee, and there is no difference in accrued interest.",
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"text": "Most banks will not accept partial payments, but will put them aside until a full payment is pending.",
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"text": "That said, I’d put aside whatever money you wish, and send it once a month with the regular payment.",
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"text": "If you intended to go bi-weekly, you’ll just have extra money 2 times per year, and it’s the same as making 13 full payments per year.",
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"text": "I’d add, make sure you are depositing the maximum to your retirement accounts, have no other debt, and have an emergency fund before prepaying the mortgage.",
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"text": "Paying down a 4% mortgage is smart, when the alternative is a .01% checking account.",
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"text": "Not so good when you are skipping the match on your 401(k) or paying 18% on a credit card.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "As others have noted, mortgage interest usually accrues monthly, so this would make no difference at all.",
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"text": "Even if the interest accrues daily or weekly, it would make only a modest difference.",
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"text": "If your mortgage is 5%, I estimate this would save you $6 per month in interest.",
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"text": "(Depending on exact dates of deposit, etc.) If you're driving to the bank, you could be paying more for gas, parking, whatever than you'll save.",
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"text": "Even if you're walking past the bank anyway",
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"text": "so it's just a matter of turning and walking in, is it worth your time for $6?",
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"text": "I guess $6 is not totally trivial, but probably not going to change your life, either.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "General opinion seems to be that paying $500 weekly, vs. $2k or so monthly won't make any difference to the overall interest you pay (because it usually accrues monthly).",
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"text": "However, I think there is another aspect to consider...",
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"text": "I get the feeling that \" I have extra cash flow on a weekly basis",
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"text": "\" implies your income is somewhat variable and some weeks you have an extra $500 or more \"disposable\" income to \"get rid of\", and two options are to pay $500 any week",
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"text": "this happens to your mortgage, or leave it in your bank and pay an extra $2,000 at the end of the month (assuming you've had enough \"good\" weeks).",
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"text": "If that is right, then one potential advantage of choosing to make weekly payments is that by (almost) immediately committing it to the mortgage, there is less temptation/opportunity for you to spend the money on something else.",
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"text": "You won't pay the mortgage off any quicker than reliably paying $2k or so extra per month, but you might find you are more reliably making the extra payments.",
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"text": "The above assumes, as JoeTaxpayer notes in his answer , that you have sufficient in an emergency fund (e.g. to cover weeks where you don't make extra) and don't have higher-priority uses for the money (e.g. CC pay-down).",
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],
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"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "I have a branch where my mortgage is held, very close proximity to my house. I have extra cash flow on a weekly basis. If I make an extra $500 dollars a week, vs paying $2,000 at the end of the month, will this be reduce my mortgage faster?",
"title": "What about paying extra principal on a weekly basis?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<principal>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/91745",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/68807/Fred Katani"
} | 6_12 | [
[
"Most mortgages accrue interest on a monthly basis so this wouldn't make a difference.",
"Most mortgage companies accrue interest monthly so paying weekly or bi-weekly would make no difference. Although it is rare, some mortgages so accrue interest daily and in such cases it would help to make earlier payments. In the end it is probably best to ask the mortgage company themselves for advice on this.\n\n"
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"Most mortgage companies accrue interest monthly so paying weekly or bi-weekly would make no difference.",
"Although it is rare, some mortgages so accrue interest daily and in such cases it would help to make earlier payments. ",
"In the end it is probably best to ask the mortgage company themselves for advice on this."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Logistics of borrowing in a different country aside, financially if the reason the interest rates are higher is because inflation is expected to be higher, you might be trading smaller interest payments for the depreciation of your mortgage payment in the foreign country.",
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"text": "So let's look at this scenario: the balance on the mortgage is 10,000,000 XYZ (where XYZ in the currency in the foreign country) the XYZ inflation rate will be 10% (roughly in line with the interest rate)",
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"text": "the inflation in Germany will be 2%.",
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"text": "today, the exchange rate is 100 (to make the math easier) with no transaction costs",
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"text": "So you take the following actions:",
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"text": "You borrow 100,000 EUR at 3.4% and pay off the XYZ mortgage Over the year",
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"text": "your rental income is 11,150,000 XYZ (which would have exactly paid off the mortgages)",
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"text": "In one year, the exchange rate is 107.84 (100 * (1.10 / 1.02))",
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],
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],
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},
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"text": "Your 11,150,000 XYZ now buys 103,393 EUR",
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],
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"text": "You spend 103,400 to pay off the loan for a net loss of 7 EUR",
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"text": "So just because the interest rate is much lower, you need to consider the expected inflation in both countries.",
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"text": "Generally, if the interest rates reflect the expectation of inflation, the exchange rate between the two currencies will offset the effects of interest savings.",
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"text": "If the inflation in the foreign country is NOT as high as the interest rates indicate (and thus the exchange rate does not go up as much), then yes you might save a little by borrowing at a lower rate.",
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},
{
"sents": [
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"text": "I'm currently living in Germany and can borrow a substantial amount of money at almost no interest, effective 3.4%.",
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},
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"text": "Do you know what you are allowed to use that money for?",
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"text": "A mortgage for a home in Germany?",
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"text": "Different purposes cause different interest rates and conditions, e.g. a mortgage is cheaper than a consumer credit, which in turn is cheaper than a credit card.",
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"text": "Banks don't usually offer loans without: ...asking for the purpose of the loan.",
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"text": "If you intend to pay off another loan in a different country, the bank has to agree to that. ...demanding securities.",
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"text": "You have the realty in your home country as security, but does your German bank accept that?",
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"text": "Cross-border foreclosure might be difficult, different legal standards may apply and there might be different evaluations of the realty price, all of which might be deal breakers for the bank.",
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"text": "So first ask the bank if they are OK with you borrowing money from them to pay off your mortgage in your home country.",
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"text": "It is entirely possible that they won't let you do it, so any further reasoning about the issue is futile.",
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"text": "If they do go for it, the economic sense of the operation has to be discussed, the issues of which are nicely explained in D Stanley's answer.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "The big risk is that there is a major shift in exchange rates.",
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"text": "As pointed out in D Stanly's answer exchange rates can shift in the long term due to differing inflation rates in the two countries but more importantly for you they can also shift rapidly and unpredictably in the short term due to political/economic events.",
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"text": "So suppose there is an event that causes the value of your home country's currency to collapse compared to major world currencies like the Euro.",
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"text": "If your mortgage is denominated in your home country's currency then this is not a massive problem, the rent still covers the mortgage.",
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"text": "If your mortgage is denominated in Euros then you have a big problem.",
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"cluster_id": [
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},
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"text": "Each rent payment buys you far less Euros than before, but the bank still expects to get paid.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "I'm currently living in Germany and can borrow a substantial amount of money at almost no interest, effective 3.4%.",
"label": [
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"label_summ": [
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"cluster_id": [
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"text": "Generally a Bank in Germany not give you a mortgage for property outside of the country as it becomes difficult to foreclose if delinquent.",
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"text": "The Bank may still give you a personal loan or loan against collateral.",
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"text": "They may ask for certain guarantees and may ask for purpose of loan ...",
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},
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"text": "This can be advised by the Bank in Germany.",
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"text": "Say if they grant a loan and you transfer to your home country; please check if This can be treated as home loan.",
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"text": "Most countries provide tax benefits on home loan.",
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"text": "You may not get this benefit if you get a loan from outside your country.",
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"text": "Repayment of loan.",
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"text": "If you are earning sufficient in Germany and don't need funds from your home country; then you may be OK.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Else check with regulations in your home country about repatriating funds back to Germany.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Quite a few countries have regulations in place that can make it difficult.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Conversion to currency of home country.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If your home country is in different currency; then FX Conversion of moving funds into home country and moving back often negates the interest rates.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "i.e. the interest rate are linked with inflation and lined to currency exchange rates.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1113/Dheer",
"score": 9
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "This is too risky for the average person to contemplate.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
3
]
]
},
{
"text": "Suppose that your home currency suffers a crash, and ends up at 50% of its previous value versus the euro.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Your rental income in euro and the value of your properties in euro has now halved, but the interest payments are the same.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You should always borrow in the same currency as the income that will be used to service the debt.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/2325/Mike Scott",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "I'm currently living in Germany and can borrow a substantial amount of money at almost no interest, effective 3.4%. In my home country I have several mortgages, basically at the moment funding themselves almost completely via rental income. The interest rates for these mortgages are all between 11.5 to 13.2%. On the surface it seems like a no brainer to borrow money in Germany to pay off the more expensive ( in terms of compounding interest ) mortgages in my home country. Am I missing anything obvious here ?",
"title": "Borrowing money in one country to pay off debt in another",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<mortgage><loans><germany><foreign-income>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/96827",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/73560/Cillier"
} | 6_13 | [
[
"You will have to ask your bank if you can pay off a mortgage in another country. The exchange rate between the two countries might offset the effects of interest savings.",
"If the inflation in the foreign country is not as high as the interest rates indicate then you might save a little by borrowing at a lower rate. The bank will need to agree to this and may demand securities. You are usually asked what the purpose of your loan is. Shifting exchange rates are also a big risk. This is generally to risky for the average person."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
false
],
"cluster_sents_not_matched": [
[]
]
} | [
1
] | [
[
"If the inflation in the foreign country is not as high as the interest rates indicate then you might save a little by borrowing at a lower rate.",
"The bank will need to agree to this and may demand securities. You are usually asked what the purpose of your loan is.",
"Shifting exchange rates are also a big risk.",
"This is generally to risky for the average person."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "they're asking me for my online banking username and password.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "is that information alone enough for them to be able to take my money out of my account, or am i safe?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "They don't need that information to deposit funds to your account, and having that information will allow them to take money out of your account.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
-1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You are being set up to be robbed.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "In the fine print of the terms of service with your bank you probably agreed not to give your password to anyone else , so if your account gets emptied the bank may not be very sympathetic.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
-1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Do not give your bank password to anyone, and be extremely suspicious of anyone who asks for it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/3404/Charles E. Grant",
"score": 296
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "In addition to the simpler \"it's a scam\" answers, part of the sugar daddy arrangement is control.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If the sugar daddy doesn't get what he wants, he should have control of the sugar baby account to take back his money or re-assert control.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
-1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "This ranges from controlling the bank accounts to having control of credit cards or paying rent.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If he isn't kept happy, he has an immediate ability to terminate access to housing, transport, and money.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Conceivably the sugar daddy could simply set up access to one of his accounts for you, but that weakens his level of control as compared to controlling your accounts.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Him cutting you off from your money puts the power in his hands.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Another aspect of control is also surveillance.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If the sugar arrangement is exclusive the daddy will want to see accounts to make sure it is exclusive.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "To be clear - I think",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "answers that this is simply a scam to steal your money are more likely.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "However there is an additional insidious angle with the sugar daddy arrangement.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/4522/Freiheit",
"score": 75
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "OF COURSE it is a scam --- DO NOT give ANYONE your banking login -- to pay money TO you,",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "all they need is your bank account number (8 digits) and sort code (6 digits) - NOTHING ELSE.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "If he's asking for your login, he wants to STEAL your money.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "As others said - stay away / report to police.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Good luck",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/73916/Mike",
"score": 16
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Criminals seek people who want to give or sell their bank accounts so that they can use the accounts for money laundering.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
2
]
]
},
{
"text": "One such group are students who are known to sell their accounts on after they graduate.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Once the criminal has a bank account they can insert money into the financial system and make it appear legitimate.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Don't do it, report it to the bank immediately.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/73890/Graham",
"score": 14
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "First, you really need to explain more about this \"sort of sugar daddy/sugar baby arrangement\".",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Have you signed up for one of the sites that set up such arrangements?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Do you know the person?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Negotiated details of your \"arrangement\"?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Given them a taste of the \"sugar\"?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If not, then why would you think Daddy is going to be interested in paying you (yet).",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Second, and the smoking gun that this is a scam, you don't need the bank account password to make deposits, just the account number.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "It's possible that a potential sugar daddy might want to pay via bank transfer, just the account number.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/24392/jamesqf",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Unfortunately I have seen \"legitimate\" online services that verify your account details via your username and password: Online money management applications: Do you trust Mint.com or Quicken Online, or other personal finance tools online?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "This is a terrible idea and you shouldn't do it, but it does make it possible that your correspondent isn't scamming you.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "(There is, of course, still a decent chance that he is scamming you after all.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Certainly he could use that information to do so.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "But it's not the only possible explanation.)",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/36430/Ben Millwood",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "Someone is offering to pay me in a sort of sugar daddy/sugar baby arrangement. They want to make online deposits to me, and they're asking me for my online banking username and password. Is that information alone enough for them to be able to take my money out of my account, or am I safe?",
"title": "Sugar daddy wants my online banking login info to make deposits — is it a scam?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<scams><online-banking><sugar-daddy>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/97274",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/73876/anonymous"
} | 6_14 | [
[
"Having that information can let them take money out of your account. You will have agreed with your bank not to give your password to anyone. All they need is your account number and sort code. He might be doing it so he can keep control and take back the money at any time.",
"If anyone is asking for your log in this is probably a scam and they want to steal your money. They don't need that information to deposit funds to your account, but having that information will allow them to take money out of your account. Also, in the fine print of the terms of service with your bank you probably agreed not to give your password to anyone else , so if your account gets emptied you will have no come back. Criminals also seek out people's bank accounts so that they can use the accounts for money laundering. There is also control at play here - if the sugar daddy doesn't get what he wants, he wants control of the sugar baby account to take back his money or re-assert control."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
true
],
"cluster_sents_not_matched": [
[
"There is also control at play here - if the sugar daddy doesn't get what he wants, he wants control of the sugar baby account to take back his money or re-assert control."
]
]
} | [
1
] | [
[
"If anyone is asking for your log in this is probably a scam and they want to steal your money. They don't need that information to deposit funds to your account, but having that information will allow them to take money out of your account. Also, in the fine print of the terms of service with your bank you probably agreed not to give your password to anyone else , so if your account gets emptied you will have no come back.",
"There is also control at play here - if the sugar daddy doesn't get what he wants, he wants control of the sugar baby account to take back his money or re-assert control.",
"Criminals seek out people's bank accounts so that they can use the accounts for money laundering."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "A change in the dividend doesn't change a company's intrinsic value but it can affect investor valuation and investor sentiment which can then move share price.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "If a company raises its dividend, it may be interpreted as a positive sign and lead to buying.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "Similarly, if it cuts the dividend, it may be interpreted as a sign of trouble and may result in a sell off.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/67285/Bob Baerker",
"score": 3
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Stock prices don't always increase when dividends increase, and the variables are the things you mentioned.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You have to factor in that there are many people that are simply willing to accept a greater chance for more yield.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You have to also factor in the derivatives markets.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "With a combination of options contracts and shares, you can reduce risk so much that you can borrow many multiples of your capital and passively collect dividends.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "So if the yield said 3% dividends, you can get your actual ROI up to 12% or maybe 20%.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "This is what many institutional investors are doing, and to create that position they need to buy the shares, before others do the same thing, hence the bidding war.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "There are many circumstances that would result in there being less shares on the market, and people have to pay a premium if they want to own those shares themselves.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/4833/CQM",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "A stock doesn't always go up when it announces a dividend increase, however when it does it can be good or bad depending on the situation.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "When a company can increase its dividend regularly it is usually a good sign the company is profitable, and well managed.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0,
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "Yes you could say there is less money for the company to invest.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "A good company makes more money than it knows what to do with, and giving it out to shareholders is not the worst thing in the world.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "A well manged company will typically try to keep its dividend to some percent of its profit, when your profits grow you can pay out more but relatively its not that different for the company.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Lets put some numbers to this.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Assuming a company has $1.00 earnings per share in 2017, and pays out $0.20 per share as its dividend.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The company is paying out 20% of its profits.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "It keeps 80% to reinvest.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "That is $0.80 per share.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If they have a million shares outstanding that is $800,000 to work with.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Next year the company hits a home run and earns $2.00 per share.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Now it can pay $0.40 per share.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "It is still only paying out 20% of earnings.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "so it still has 80% for research and development.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "But this time 80% is $1.60 per share, instead of $0.80 per share.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Assuming they didn't buy back share, now they have $1.6 million to reinvest into the company.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If the company lacks any suitable reinvestment they may pay out more of the profits so the shareholders have a chance to invest that money on their own.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Until the company finds more reasonable options to increase their profits.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/None/",
"score": 1
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "You are assuming that the company's future earnings are already known or at least that the dividend doesn't affect the market's estimate of those earnings.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Indeed, under ideal conditions, the Modigliani-Miller theorem says that the company's value is independent of financial decisions such as dividends.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "But an effect seems to exist as you say, perhaps because the market assumes the managers setting the dividend have special insight on the company's prospects, and it's customary to treat dividends as a \"sticky signal\" of sustainable earnings, with dividend cuts perceived as an embarrassing failure.",
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"text": "So a company will raise its dividend only when it's reasonably confident of the future.",
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"text": "Related explanations are surveyed here .",
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"text": "it makes the company less able to grow in the future (because it will have less cash) Wrong assumption.",
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"text": "Growing companies rarely give out dividends or give out big dividends, unless they are taken over or have a windfall gain somehow.",
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"text": "Apple was an exception.",
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"text": "Mostly profitable",
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"text": ", exceptions exist here also, mature companies give out big dividends e.g. energy distributions firms, energy majors etc.",
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"text": "Mature companies have more than enough resources to fund expansions and giving out dividends isn't going to affect them much.",
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"text": "They can finance their future projects quite cheaply from the markets by raising debt, so paying out dividends doesn't hamper them much.",
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"text": "And rarely are major projects financed by only using one's own resources not using debt.",
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"text": "And secondly shareholders would ask a return from buying equity in a company whose share prices isn't going to skyrocket in prices in the near future else they would dump it and buy something else from where they will get a return.",
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"text": "Most of the shareholders who expect a dividend are small investors, investment firms, pension funds etc.",
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"text": "This then comes to your question.",
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"text": "A firm whose equity provides good returns is a magnet for people looking for good returns in the market.",
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"text": "Everybody jumps in to buy and then demand supply takes effect on the price.",
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"text": "A public company's job is to provide a return to the investors.",
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"text": "If they do a good job, more people want to buy shares, and the share price increases.",
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"text": "Consistently paying dividends, and meeting or exceeding dividend projections, is one way a company provides a return to investors.",
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"text": "As long as the company continues to grow through innovation, expansion, acquisition, etc., paying dividends signals a healthy company.",
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"question": "It seems like stock prices rise when dividends increase unexpectedly [possible citation needed]. This doesn't seem intuitive to me, because if you think of stock as a claim of ownership on a company, announcing an increase in dividends doesn't necessarily make that company more valuable. Plus, even though you get some money back from the investment faster, it makes the company less able to grow in the future (because it will have less cash). So, why would the stock price rise when this happens?",
"title": "Why do stock prices rise when dividends increase?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<stocks><stock-markets><dividends>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/98862",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/30207/Everyone_Else"
} | 6_15 | [
[
"A change in the company's value affects investor valuation and sentiment which can then move share price. It could be interpreted as a positive sign and lead to buying. Paying dividends signals a healthy company.",
"A change in a dividend doesn't change a company's intrinsic value but it can affect investor valuation which can then move share price. A company raising its dividend may be interpreted as a positive sign and lead to buying. A company increasing its dividend regularly is usually a good sign that the company is profitable, and well managed. A stock doesn't always go up when a dividend increase is announced, however when it does it may be good or bad depending on the situation. Growing companies do not usually give out dividends unless they are taken over or have a windfall gain somehow. A company regularly pays dividends to provide a return to investors and this signifies a healthy company."
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"A change in a dividend doesn't change a company's intrinsic value but it can affect investor valuation which can then move share price. A company raising its dividend may be interpreted as a positive sign and lead to buying. A company increasing its dividend regularly is usually a good sign that the company is profitable, and well managed.",
"A stock doesn't always go up when a dividend increase is announced, however when it does it may be good or bad depending on the situation. Growing companies do not usually give out dividends unless they are taken over or have a windfall gain somehow. A company regularly pays dividends to provide a return to investors and this signifies a healthy company."
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[
{
"sents": [
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"text": "I'm not certain what you mean by \"offset a mortgage\" but certainly the appreciation could be more than the mortgage balance.",
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"text": "All that means, though, is you now have 50% or more equity in the house.",
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"text": "Say you buy a house with a 100% mortgage for $100k.",
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"text": "The house appreciates the next day to $200K. You now own a $200k house and have a $100K mortgage, so you have 50% equity in the house.",
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"text": "If you're thinking that somehow the mortgage \"goes away\", that's not possible (unless you sell the house and pay it back, of course).",
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"text": "If you mean could the appreciation be more than the interest paid, then yes that's possible as well.",
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"text": "If you pay 4% on a mortgage but the value goes up 5% then you have a net gain of 1% (which also is not realized until you sell the house).",
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"sents": [
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"text": "From your network profile I see you are in the UK.",
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"text": "So I will assume you are talking about an offset mortgage as the term is understood in the UK, which is a specific type of Flexible Mortgage where (from WP)",
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"text": "the mortgage holder can reduce the interest charged by offsetting a credit balance against the mortgage debt, with interest charged based on the outstanding net debt If that's right, then basically the answer is no , it can't work like that.",
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"text": "You need to actually have the cash available for the credit balance; equity doesn't count.",
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"text": "How offset mortgages work:",
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"text": "Suppose you buy a £300k house using a £100k deposit and £200k mortgage.",
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"text": "You know your cashflow is going to be highly variable over the term of the mortgage, with times of plenty and times of scarcity, so you opt for an offset mortgage.",
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"text": "This means that in times of plenty you can put surplus cash in the associated savings account , and you will pay interest only on the net debt.",
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"text": "Initially: Mortgage outstanding: £200kAssociated savings account balance: £0k Mortgage interest charged on £200k.",
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"text": "Repayments bring down the mortgage outstanding amount, but as is the usual case, the first years' repayments are mostly interest Later, a time of plenty.",
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"text": "You put £30k in the savings account.",
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"text": "Mortgage outstanding: £180kAssociated savings account balance: £30k Mortgage interest charged on £180k - £30k =",
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"text": "£150k.",
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"text": "Now your repayments are made up of more principal reduction, and less interest, relatively speaking.",
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"text": "So the outstanding amount goes down quicker.",
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"text": "What you want to happen:",
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"text": "The house appreciates in value.",
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"text": "It is now worth £450k.",
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"text": "You want to take this £150k of appreciation and put it in the associated savings account, reducing the amount that interest is charged on to zero, and making your mortgage repayments contribute entirely to principal.",
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"text": "However, where is the money coming from to put in the savings account?",
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"text": "It doesn't exist except on paper - you would need to realise the gain, by seling the house, in which case the whole thing's done with; or you could take out a second mortgage against the increased value, but then you're paying interest on that !",
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"text": "So in short, no, you can't use paper profits to offset.",
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"text": "Offsetting is specfically for when you're going to have large amounts of cash sitting around.",
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"text": "Possible?",
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"text": "Certainly.",
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"text": "That's how some people are able to make money by flipping houses, i.e. buying a house, perhaps making improvements, and then selling the house a short time later for a higher price which covers the cost of the interest payments, improvements, and a profit.",
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"text": "However, if the local housing market goes against you, you can end up owning a house that is worth much less than you owe on the mortgage.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Certainly.",
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"text": "As a case in point, I bought my house ~10 years ago with 50K down.",
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"text": "The mortgage payments are $850/month*, so $102K paid over 10 years.",
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"text": "Outstanding balance is $83K, so the total is $235K.",
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"text": "In the current market, it would sell for",
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"text": "around $350K. *Numbers are rounded a bit for simplicity.",
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"text": "Appreciation of the house's value is make-believe until you have actually sold it for more than you bought it for, and don't let anyone tell you otherwise.",
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"text": "When someone says your house is worth £X more than it was five years ago, that's an estimate, a prediction, a guess.",
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"text": "You don't actually have £X more",
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"text": "and you won't, at best, until you've sold the house (at worst you never will).",
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"text": "So of course you cannot use this non-existent money to help pay the mortgage — the bank has no reason to assume that you're going to actually receive £X, nor to pretend that you've already handed £X over to them… as such, they also have no reason to reduce your interest.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "You can rent part of your property or run a business out of it.",
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"text": "In turn using that money to make the mortgage payments.",
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"text": "Certainly renting out a room could be able to pay the entire mortgage payment, appreciation of the home and corollary rent market assumed.",
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"text": "However this will take time.",
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"text": "If you were to lease a room for say 10 years, perhaps that figure if paid upfront could payoff the mortgage.",
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"text": "Though you would be required to service the property for those 10 years in the least and have a roommate ofcourse.",
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"text": "If it is allowed you could attempt to sell half your property and the proceeds could pay your loan.",
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"text": "I can't think of any way without selling part of the property or leasing it.",
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"text": "Now if you had a successful online business out of your home and that business was successful it could pay for the mortgage.",
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"text": "At the height of the mortgage madness in the US which led up to the credit crunch, some lenders were offering negative amortisation mortgages, where some or all of each month’s interest was added on to the mortgage value rather than being paid by the borrower, on the assumption that the increase in the value of the property would cover it (but with no thought for how the borrower might eventually pay off the mortgage, whose total balance owed went up rather than down every month).",
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"text": "Is that what you’re referring to?",
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] | {
"question": "As in, is there a possible scenario where the appreciation of the value of a property could be greater than the mortgage payments on that property?",
"title": "Is it possible to offset a mortgage with only the appreciation of that property's value?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<united-kingdom><mortgage><real-estate>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/101657",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/78511/csey"
} | 6_16 | [
[
"The appreciation of a house could well be more than the mortgage balance. For a flexible mortgage, you need to have the cash available for the credit balance. You can offset just on the value on paper.",
"This is how some people make money by buying a house, perhaps making improvements, and then selling the house a short time later for a higher price which covers the cost of the interest payments, improvements, and a profit. The appreciation could definitely be more than the mortgage balance. If you mean could the appreciation be more than the interest paid, then that is also possible. An offset mortgage as the term is understood in the UK, is a specific type of Flexible Mortgage. You need to actually have the cash available for the credit balance; equity doesn't count, you can't use paper profits to offset. Offsetting needs to be specifically paid off with cash."
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"This is how some people make money by buying a house, perhaps making improvements, and then selling the house a short time later for a higher price which covers the cost of the interest payments, improvements, and a profit.",
"The appreciation could definitely be more than the mortgage balance. If you mean could the appreciation be more than the interest paid, then that is also possible.",
"An offset mortgage as the term is understood in the UK, is a specific type of Flexible Mortgage.",
"You need to actually have the cash available for the credit balance; equity doesn't count, you can't use paper profits to offset. Offsetting is specfically to pay off with cash.",
"Repayments bring down the mortgage outstanding amount, but as is the usual case, the first years' repayments are mostly interest Later, a time of plenty.",
"Appreciation of the house's value is make-believe until you have actually sold it for more than you bought it for, and don't let anyone tell you otherwise."
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[
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"sents": [
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"text": "Flexible savings accounts are almost all variable interest, meaning the rates go up and down with market rates.",
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"text": "The reason for this is that",
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],
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},
{
"text": "if they did not, people could pay into the fixed interest ones when rates elsewhere were low, and take money out when rates elsewhere were high (and invest it at a higher rate in other accounts), making a profit at the bank's expense.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
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{
"text": "There is a vehicle for 'locking in' savings at high interest rates.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "This is an account where the interest rate is fixed, but the money is also locked into it.",
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},
{
"text": "In America these are called Certificate of Deposit (CD).",
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],
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1
],
"cluster_id": [
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0
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]
},
{
"text": "In Canada they are called Guaranteed Investment Certificates (GIC).",
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1
],
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1
],
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},
{
"text": "In the UK and other places they are called Term Deposits.",
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1
],
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1
],
"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "In essence you agree to lock your money into an account for a fixed amount of time, in return for a guaranteed rate of return.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "(There is usually a clause that allows you to take your money out early, often with a penalty.)",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1851/DJClayworth",
"score": 54
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I've heard anecdotes about high-interest savings accounts (4.5% around 2006, even 8% in the 80s).",
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{
"text": "Well, you heard wrong (g).",
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{
"text": "In 1980-81 the Fed Funds rate peaked at 17.36%.",
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{
"text": "Taxable money market funds were paying over 17%.",
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{
"text": "Short term CDs were over 18%.",
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{
"text": "The 10 and 30 year treasury bonds were over 15%.",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "Baa corporate bonds were paying over 16%.",
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{
"text": "Long term treasury and corporate bonds locked in these rates.",
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{
"text": "I was fairly new to the market then.",
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"text": "A market mentor of mine had recently retired and had sold his business for $600k.",
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{
"text": "He put the bulk of it in 20-30 paper and happily cut coupons at an average rate of 15% until maturity.",
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},
{
"text": "Think about that.",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "15% on say $500k is a tidy income of $75k per year.",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "Not bad at all.",
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],
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/67285/Bob Baerker",
"score": 14
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "There is an element of truth to this, but not in savings accounts .",
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"text": "When I was very young, some family members bought a small amount of Savings Bonds issued by the U.S. government which at the time were offering in the vicinity of 9% interest.",
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"text": "Twenty years later they were cashed in to help pay for my college education - a shame really considering they would have continued paying this for another (IIRC) twenty years, but in the grand scheme of things it wasn't a huge amount of missed opportunity, as the cashed in amount was somewhere around two to three thousand dollars.",
"label": [
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"text": "There are similar investment strategies you could pursue.",
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{
"text": "They all revolve around the idea of locking in an interest rate in long term debt obligations with a debtor with very low risk of default.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "The U.S. Savings Bonds example is an outlier because they pay interest for a much longer period of time and don't \"mature\" in quite the same way as typical bond issues do.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/12515/Michael",
"score": 5
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "That depends on the contracts you have and probably also in the country, related with available products.",
"label": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "In Germany, we have \"Bausparverträge\" (building saving contracts) where we pay a certain amount per year to save up some money.",
"label": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "After reaching a certain threshold, we qualify for a loan at an interest rate defined on signing the contract (but are not required to take the loan).",
"label": [
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},
{
"text": "When you signed such a contract in a period of high interest, you have this high interest even nowadays.",
"label": [
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],
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{
"text": "For examples, my two contracts from 2007 and 2013 both still come with an interest of 3%, without risk of the market.",
"label": [
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],
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"text": "Compared to that, normal saving accounts offer in the range from 0.01% to about 0.5% (or 0.9% if you are lucky).",
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0
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],
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{
"text": "The downside is that if I urgently need the money, the contract and its benefits are gone.",
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{
"text": "Long story short, yes, it is possible to lock in a high interest rate if you choose the right product.",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/33850/glglgl",
"score": 4
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Savings accounts generally aren't for fixed amounts.",
"label": [
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "There have, however, been special promotional offers for accounts with fixed interest rates.",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "I think that has become rarer, and certainly finding one with an interest rate of 4.5% would be unlikely to say the least.",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/62174/Acccumulation",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "I've heard anecdotes about high-interest savings accounts (4.5% around 2006, even 8% in the 80s), that were opened when interest rates (federal funds rate) were high. The implication seemed to be that for some of these accounts, if one were to hold these accounts open, they'd still be getting the same rates after all these years. Do I misunderstand, or is this actually possible?",
"title": "Is it possible to lock in a high interest rate in savings, when general interest rates are high?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<savings><interest-rate>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/101831",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/17797/HH- Apologize to Carole Baskin"
} | 6_17 | [
[
"These are called certificate of deposit or guaranteed investment certificates. In the UK they are known as term deposits. These all had high interest rates if you bought at the right time.",
"In America these are called Certificate of Deposit (CD), in Canada they are called Guaranteed Investment Certificates (GIC), in the UK they are called Term Deposits and in Germany, Bausparverträge (building saving contracts) which are similar. Savings Bonds issued by the government often have high interest rates. Therefore, it is possible to lock in a high interest rate if you choose the right product."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
false
],
"cluster_sents_not_matched": [
[]
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} | [
1
] | [
[
"In America these are called Certificate of Deposit (CD), in Canada they are called Guaranteed Investment Certificates (GIC), in the UK they are called Term Deposits and in Germany, Bausparverträge (building saving contracts) which are similar.",
"Savings Bonds issued by the government often have high interest rates.",
"It is possible to lock in a high interest rate if you choose the right product."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Pay the credit card bill and next time either gift the money or not, but do not lend to friends without sufficient legal documents.",
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0
],
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],
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},
{
"text": "How quick can you have the 5K paid off?",
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],
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/10613/Pete B.",
"score": 13
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "My credit score has become worst due to his balance.",
"label": [
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],
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"text": "What should I do now?",
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"text": "I do have whatsapp chat screenshots of lending him money.",
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],
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"text": "First thing you do",
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},
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"text": ": Pay off the balance you owe to the credit card.",
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],
"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "The loan to your friend no matter how the money was actually accessed and transferred should have involved funds that you could live without.",
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0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Now that the immediate problem of paying off the balance is gone then focus on getting your friend to come up with a realistic payment plan.",
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1
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"cluster_id": [
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"text": "But keep in mind the loan is going to damage the friendship, it already has.",
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"text": "Too much pressure will make your friend angry, or embarrassed.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Too little success will make you angry.",
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],
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"text": "But what if you can't pay it back now.",
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],
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],
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]
},
{
"text": "You need to refocus your financial efforts to get that balance paid off to minimize the damage to your wallet with any fees and interest.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "The inability to plug this hole in your finances quickly will just make the stress worse.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "There is common advice to not loan to friends and family but instead gift it.",
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},
{
"text": "But that advice is only true before you lend the money.",
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{
"text": "Once the debt is created, then any mental switching of the account from loan to gift comes at a very high price in our internal accounting.",
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{
"text": "This is hard to do without damaging the friendship.",
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5414/mhoran_psprep",
"score": 7
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "When your friend simply does not have the money to pay you back, then there is unfortunately not much you can do.",
"label": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "When a creditor gives a loan to a debtor, then there is always the risk that the debtor won't be able to pay it back.",
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
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"text": "That's a risk the creditor has to take.",
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},
{
"text": "This is why companies are so interested in your credit score before they give you a loan or enter any form of \"get stuff now, pay later\" contract with you.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "They want to make sure you are a low-risk debtor.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "Assuming that your friend debtor is actually able to pay you back but refuses, then the correct course of action from a \"Personal Finance and Money\" point of view would be to sue your friend debtor in a small claims court.",
"label": [
1
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1
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "If he does not pay you back despite a court order, hire a debt collector.",
"label": [
0
],
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "This would fix your financial situation, but that person will likely not be your friend anymore.",
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],
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "If you want to solve this problem without ruining your relationship with your friend, then that's a topic for https://interpersonal.stackexchange.com .",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/20203/Philipp",
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Realistically, you have 3 choices: Accept that you will never get the money back and forget about it.",
"label": [
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "I don't know your financial situation.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Maybe this would be difficult or almost impossible for you to do.",
"label": [
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "Badger your friend to pay the money back.",
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Maybe he will",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "and maybe he won't.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Either way, the friendship is probably ruined.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Take your friend to court.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
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]
},
{
"text": "As this appears to be a verbal agreement, it may be difficult to enforce.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "In principle, a verbal contract is just as binding as a written contract.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "But the problem with verbal contracts is that it's difficult to establish exactly what was agreed to, or even to prove that there was an agreement at all.",
"label": [
0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Often the terms of the agreement are vague.",
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0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Did you ever even say when he was expected to pay you back, whether he was supposed to make regular payments or pay in a lump sum, whether there would be interest and if so how much, etc?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Your friendship would surely be ruined forever if you did this.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If he doesn't have the money, then even if you win, the court can't force him to give you money he doesn't have.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You could be chasing him down for years trying to get payment.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "It may be that you are just stuck with paying $5000 for a painful lesson in personal finance and interpersonal relations.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
2
]
]
},
{
"text": "May I suggest that in the future, don't loan money to a friend.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If you want to help someone out, just give them whatever you can afford and are willing to give, with no expectation that you will ever see this money again.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Choose an amount you can afford to lose.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "About two years ago my sister asked to borrow $2500 for a business venture.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "It didn't work out and she lost the money I'd given her as well as the money of her own that she had used.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
]
},
{
"text": "Fortunately, when I gave her the money, I told her that it was a gift and no need to pay me back.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
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},
{
"text": "It was an amount that at the time I could afford to give away and just not worry about it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I made my financial plans assuming the money was gone and just not worrying about it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Recently she said that she's trying to get together the money to pay me back.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I told her not to bother.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I don't need it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I don't care.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If she does manage to pay me back some day, great.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "But I am not expecting it or planning on it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "So whether she pays me back or not does not affect our family relationship.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/14118/Jay",
"score": 4
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "For the future: When a friend asks you for a loan, you have two good choices.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If you have the money to give to him, and you want to give him the money, give him the money, and that's it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Alternatively, if you wish to give him a loan, make a legally binding contract with a payment schedule that forces him to pay back.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Or of course, keep your money.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Never give a loan without a written contract.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
3
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/13791/gnasher729",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "I lent money to my friend for his wedding through my credit card. It was around $5,000. He said that he would pay me back within 1 month. It has been almost 5 months. Every time on his salary date I remind him of the amount he owes me. He sends the interest amount though twice he has sent $600 and $750. My credit score has become worse due to the balance. I have whatsapp chat screenshots of lending him money. What should I do now?",
"title": "What should I do when my friend doesn't pay back a loan I gave him?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<credit-score><debt><private-lending>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/102624",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/79324/Ali Khan"
} | 6_18 | [
[
"Pay off the balance you owe on the credit card. Once this is done, come with a realistic payment plan with your friend. If your friend has the money to pay you back, then you can sue him through the small claims court.",
"Firstly, pay off the balance you owe to the credit card and then focus on getting your friend to come up with a realistic payment plan. If your friend does not have the money to pay you back, then there is unfortunately little you can do. If your friend is actually able to pay you back but refuses, then you could sue your friend in a small claims court. If he doesn't have the money, then even if you win, the court can't force him to give you money he doesn't have. Never give a loan without written consent."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
true
],
"cluster_sents_not_matched": [
[]
]
} | [
1
] | [
[
"Firstly, pay off the balance you owe to the credit card and then focus on getting your friend to come up with a realistic payment plan.",
"If your friend does not have the money to pay you back, then there is unfortunately little you can do. If your friend is actually able to pay you back but refuses, then you could sue your friend in a small claims court. If he doesn't have the money, then even if you win, the court can't force him to give you money he doesn't have.",
"It may be that you are just stuck with paying $5000 for a painful lesson in personal finance and interpersonal relations. ",
"Never give a loan without a written contract. "
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "It means that the merchant (here, a university)'s process is to deceive their processor by falsely submitting the charge as a \"CVV2 with Magnetic Stripe failure\" transaction.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Having the card present during a transaction reduces fraud, so the card issuer and processing network are less likely to incur fraud investigation costs (or even eat the whole charge), and this savings is passed along to the merchant in the form of lower fees.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The merchant is trying to qualify for those lower fees when the card is not actually present at the time of authorization (it's a very high risk situation).",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "In the process, they're putting you at increased risk of fraudulent future charges, and making it more difficult for you to contest those charges (because the thief will have the CVV code which serves as evidence, not incontrovertible, but still strong evidence, of your agreement to the charge).",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "In the process, they are violating the clear wording of the Visa rules:",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5458/Ben Voigt",
"score": 52
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "This violates PCI-DSS",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "They are only allowed to use security code or fullstripe data momentarily during a transaction.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "They are not allowed to retain it, even for a minute .",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "Even worse, this form has the fivefecta of the 3 credit card fields, cardholder name and Billing ZIP.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "That's all you need to plug into most website order forms.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "This document appears to be a carrier document for a bunch of things, and is then filed or forwarded on as a proof of payment or somesuch.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "It sits in their mailbox, sits in some clerk's inbox, gets stacked and piled, gets passed around the university departments, and you know they file it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Retaining this is the height of moronitude, and someone needs to explain it to them.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "All it takes is for someone who knows their mechanism to grab a stack and run, then later sit somewhere on campus on their WiFi ordering Macbook Pros.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "For double laughs, from the Apple student webstore for that university, so it's hard to tell it from a bona-fide student purchase.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Due to the liability shift, the university would be on the hook for the subsequent audit, fines, and every fraudulent charge.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "They need to make whatever arrangement they need to make with their bank such that they can run these charges without the security code.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/44366/Harper - Reinstate Monica",
"score": 37
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The reason that they are asking for it is because they need it in order to process the credit card payment.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "They are required by their credit card processor to enter it.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If you do not provide it, they will not be able to charge your credit card.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If you want to pay for this service with your credit card, then yes, you should provide them with this code.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "An unscrupulous worker at the school could use the information on this form to make fraudulent charges on your card, but that can happen at any time for a whole host of reasons that are out of your control.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
2
]
]
},
{
"text": "You need to scrutinize your credit card transactions continuously to look for bad charges and contact the credit card company if they are discovered.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "When you find fraudulent transactions, they may be a result of someone from the school, but they could instead be a result of a hacking or skimming event that has nothing to do with this school.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You will not be held liable for those charges.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/10997/Ben Miller - Remember Monica",
"score": 26
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "This is completely insecure and personally, I wouldn't supply the info.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "As you've reasoned, you will have no idea how your information is used once it's left your hands, and you'll never know if it's been disposed of properly (shredded/destroyed).",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Furthermore, the fact that they follow such insecure practices tells you that at the institution level they haven't a clue about the importance of protecting private and financial information.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "That means everyone from the janitor to the school president are going to be putting your information at risk.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If you must do this, some options: see if you can pay in person.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "create a temporary credit card number with a very low limit",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "(some cc's offer this feature)",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "pay by cash.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/45701/James",
"score": 8
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Placing all of the information required to authorize a card not present transaction on a paper form that will be subject to potential mail theft of skimming in the office is not a particularly good idea.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
2
]
]
},
{
"text": "Other answers mention things the school should do.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "This is not a helpful way to think about the problem...",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "you are not the school and have no agency over their practices.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Instead, protect yourself.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Consider alternative payment options: Money order/cashiers check.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Do not give them a personal check , the numbers on the bottom are much more dangerous than the CVV2 code on a credit card Cash (get a receipt though!)",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Prepaid Visa card.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "They may be less keen on accepting checks or cash because it is not the process, but a prepaid Visa limits your risk to the stored value and you can throw it in the bin afterwards.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/17685/trognanders",
"score": 6
}
}
] | {
"question": "A school wants my credit card data including a security code. They've sent me a form to fill in about my card. As I know security code is something that shouldn't be shared publicly. Should I provide it to them?",
"title": "Do institutions have right to ask for your credit card security code and all other CC data?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<credit-card><online-payment><security><electronic-payment>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/103121",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/17861/Green"
} | 6_19 | [
[
"There are only allowed to use the security code during a transaction. They are not allowed to retain it. They are asking for it so they can charge your credit card.",
"They are only allowed to use this data momentarily during a transaction and are not allowed to retain it. They need this information in order to process the credit card payment as they are required by their credit card processor to enter it. Without this they will not be able to charge your credit card. On the other hand an unscrupulous employee could use the information on this form to make fraudulent charges on your card. Placing all of the information required to authorize a card on paper form that others can access is not a particularly good idea."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
false
],
"cluster_sents_not_matched": [
[]
]
} | [
1
] | [
[
"They are only allowed to use this data momentarily during a transaction and are not allowed to retain it.",
"They need this information in order to process the credit card payment as they are required by their credit card processor to enter it. Without this they will not be able to charge your credit card. ",
"On the other hand an unscrupulous employee could use the information on this form to make fraudulent charges on your card. Placing all of the information required to authorize a card on paper form that others can access is not a particularly good idea."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Negotiation 101, never be the first to say a number.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You tell them you have a $300,000 limit and magically they want $300,000.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Alternatively, they may just assume you carry the minimum.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/22881/quid",
"score": 101
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "It isn't just GEICO that tells you this, every US car insurance company instructs their customers to not mention the amount of coverage.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
-1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Your job is not to negotiate.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Your job is to collect the specified information and to hand the claim process over to the insurance company.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "That is also why they tell you not to admit fault.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "When you start discussing the amount of coverage you have, then you are starting the process that the insurance company doesn't want you involved in.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
-1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Telling them the maximum that your insurance can pay, or telling them that you only have the state mandated minimum doesn't make the job of the insurance company any easier.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5414/mhoran_psprep",
"score": 57
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The limits of your coverage are completely irrelevant to anything you might do in a situation where your liability coverage is in play.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "More directly, there is nothing at all for you to gain from providing this information.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Another way to look at the question is \" why would you want to reveal this information?\".",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "There probably isn't much downside to it for you, personally.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Your insurer will be on the hook for any negative consequences (like inflated settlement amounts, at the margins), but your policy isn't going to retroactively change or anything.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "But the insurer will still want to protect its own interests to the maximum possible extent.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Your contract almost certainly establishes that every element of the settlement, and negotiations around it, will be handled by your insurer.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You blurting out information in this situation wouldn't be much better than you interrupting your own lawyer in the courtroom during arguments in a trial.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "As a few examples: Someone might see your volunteering that information as an admissionof guilt, giving them much better leverage in negotiations than ifyou'd simply not said anything.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
-1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The payment sought might become higher due to knowing how much moneyis \"available\", as per other answers here.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "It's not that hard to rack up \"valid\" medical charges, meaning notobviously fraudulent, like additional MRI scans because the onesalready done aren't clear enough (allegedly).",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "This is somewhat risky (the claim may not cover those bills anyways), but it is less risky if the potential insurance payout has a higher ceiling.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The other party (or parties) might believe that they are entitled to that amount of money, not for any rational reason but because it's the number they heard, and then becomes hard to deal with within andoutside of the insurance process.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
-1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "It might simply make the settlement process longer and more tedious,causing the insurer's money to be burned in extra administrative andbureaucratic costs to no additional benefit to anyone.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Consider the case of identifying which medical bills were reasonable and which were opportunistically grasping for more cash-- that audit isn't free.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Revealing information about your policy might suggest informationabout your personal financial situation, making you a target foradditional civil litigations (whether they are frivolous or not,you'll have to dedicate time, energy, and money to responding).",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/42223/Upper_Case",
"score": 14
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "In my state (in US), once the lawyers get involved, the parties involved are legally required to release insurance coverage info upon formal request.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Further, if it goes to trial, the jury is not allowed to know the amount of insurance.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/81040/master chief",
"score": 5
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "If you know how much money is available, you could be more willing to spend it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You might accept an expensive optional test that you would have skipped if you were paying for it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "There's no upside to the other party knowing how much insurance you have.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "It's only going to lead to higher costs.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/42737/Philip Tinney",
"score": 5
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "All forms of insurance create perverse incentives to bill for as much as possible instead of competing on price.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "That's why auto glass repair shops often advertise that they will give you cash back if your insurance covers the repair.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "They bill so much more than their actual cost that they can afford to give you $100 cash and still turn a profit.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "This is insurance fraud, but it's so common that apparently authorities don't have the resources to deal with it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Insurance companies want to use coverage limits as a selling point to their own customers, without exposing themselves to this kind of fraud by revealing it to claimants.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "As another answer notes, coverage limits may end up being revealed in court.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "But presumably, the claimant would have had to come up with a dollar amount before that.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/76172/StackOverthrow",
"score": 5
}
}
] | {
"question": "I read on my \"Evidence of Liability Insurance card\" issued by Geico in California, US: What to do at the time of an accident: […] Do not reveal the limits of your liability coverage to anyone. Why does Geico ask me not to reveal the limits of my liability coverage in case of a car accident, and should I follow that advice?",
"title": "Why does Geico ask me not to reveal the limits of my liability coverage in case of a car accident?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<united-states><car><insurance><car-insurance><liability>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/103478",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5656/Franck Dernoncourt"
} | 6_20 | [
[
"All US car insurance companies do this. This might been seen an admission of guilt and would give better leverage in negotiations. ",
"All US car insurance companies instruct their customers to not mention the amount of coverage. By mentioning the amount of coverage you have, you are becoming involved in the process that the insurance company doesn't want you involved in. Also, someone might see your volunteering that information as an admission of guilt, and this may give them better leverage in negotiations. The other party might also believe they are entitled to that amount of money."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
true
],
"cluster_sents_not_matched": [
[
"By mentioning the amount of coverage you have, you are becoming involved in the process that the insurance company doesn't want you involved in.",
"Someone might see your volunteering that information as an admissionof guilt, and this may give them better leverage in negotiations.",
"All US car insurance companies instruct their customers to not mention the amount of coverage.",
"The other party might believe they are entitled to that amount of money."
]
]
} | [
1
] | [
[
"All US car insurance companies instruct their customers to not mention the amount of coverage. ",
"By mentioning the amount of coverage you have, you are becoming involved in the process that the insurance company doesn't want you involved in.",
"Someone might see your volunteering that information as an admissionof guilt, and this may give them better leverage in negotiations. ",
"The other party might believe they are entitled to that amount of money."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "If I had a legitimate reason to give to you $100,000 with a $500 fee, I would ask you if it is okay to take the $500 out of the $100,000, and if you agree, I'd pay you $99,500 without any cost for you.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Someone who wants to give you money doesn't ask for fees, they just deduct any cost from the money they give you.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "Same for lotteries, inheritances, tax returns, forgotten bank accounts and so on.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "This is a scam.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/13791/gnasher729",
"score": 175
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "If it were a legitimate case of them recovering money for you for a percentage, then they would be working it in a different direction.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Asking for a \"fee\" puts this very much in suspicious scam territory.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Look up the supposed bank online",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "(do NOT use whatever links or contact information were sent to you), contact them, and ask if the person you're talking to is working with/for them.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Tell them you're working probate for your uncle, and ask them to confirm information based on what you've been sent.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "They won't be able to release much, but they should be able to tell you if you're being scammed or not.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/763/Satanicpuppy",
"score": 16
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "In a genuine probate case the executor of the estate will not ask beneficiaries for money.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "The executor has a duty to identify the beneficiaries of the will and notify them, usually before the will is probated.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "There is the possibility, however, that the will has been probated and the beneficiary has not been found or the person died intestate.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "In this situation, there are people who will try to broker the situation by making guesses who the beneficiary might be.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "These people are called \"heir hunters\".",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "That might be the situation here.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "However, just because the estate is real doesn't mean you are the beneficiary.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "It is possible that the fee hunter just mailed everyone with the same name of the missing beneficiary, which could be 100 people.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Maybe one of them is the true beneficiary, maybe none of them are.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If you pay him $500, he will probably just refer you to the executor.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "In the slight chance that you are the real beneficiary, then it is your lucky day.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "It is far more likely that you have no relation to the deceased and the executor will determine that and inform you.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If you want to pursue the case, you can start searching through unclaimed inheritance databases.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Two of the provinces, Alberta and Quebec, have a comprehensive consolidated database of unclaimed inheritances.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
2
]
]
},
{
"text": "Unfortunately, the other provinces are harder to research, but there is a guide to how to do it .",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "In all probability, however, you are not the heir.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If you were definitely the heir, the heir hunter would have given you a much more personalized letter and would have demanded more money, as much as 20% of the inheritance.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Since he only asked for $500 it means it is probably just a random name match and nothing more.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/19786/Five Bagger",
"score": 16
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "When there is an inheritance, then any costs associated with executing the inheritance are taken from the estate of the deceased person.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "So when you are supposed to receive an inheritance, and a fee needs to be paid in order to get that inheritance to you, then that fee would be paid from the estate and you would receive your share of the remaining money.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "It's the duty of the executor of the inheritance to take care of these formalities.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "So yes, this is an advance-fee scam .",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "This question is also tagged as taxes .",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Depending on where you live and what grade of relation you had, you might or might not have to pay inheritance tax.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Depending on country, there are two options: Either the inheritance tax is paid from the estate, and it's the executors duty to do so",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "(A comment claims that Canada is such a country).",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Or the inheritance tax is paid by the receiver.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "In the latter case you would list your inheritance in your next tax return and then you get a tax bill from your national taxation bureau.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Consult your local inheritance tax laws or ask a tax consultant for details.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/20203/Philipp",
"score": 6
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "There is a 99% probability that this is a scam.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "But just for piece of mind, confirm with your parents or other family members if there is fact a long lost \"uncle\" who died in Canada.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If they say yes, then you can make a few more calls and attempt to collect the inheritance directly, because it's also possible there is actually inheritance, but the person who contacted you is also a scammer.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/82072/ericrussell",
"score": 5
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "If someone left you a large amount of money, they would not simply send you an email saying \"Send me a fee",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "and I'll send it to you.\"",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Any large sum of money would have a lot of bureaucracy attached.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If they were smart, there would be a trust or some other body in place and any contact they had with you would probably be through lawyers.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If they were not as smart, they would have left it in a will and you would still have lawyers contacting you, possibly with IRS or other government officials backing them up and wanting a piece of the pie in the form of taxes.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "They would not simply ask you to pay a fee and then wire you a bunch of money.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Most governments won't let someone just hand off a \"large amount of money.\"",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If there's no red tape, it's probably not official.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/75201/CMB",
"score": 4
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Sounds like the well known, classic 419 scam: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advance-fee_scam",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "However as one of the answers mentions, double check if there is really an inheritance",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
2
]
]
},
{
"text": "and you're not being scammed on the claim by a third party.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/82097/count0",
"score": 0
}
}
] | {
"question": "Someone contacted me and said that someone with a similar last name died and left me a large amount of money. He gave me information and forms from a bank, and other pertinent information. I then got a message that there is fee and that I need to send it before any money could be released to me. I checked and his office really exists but I think he just trying to pull a fast one. What should I do?",
"title": "Someone stated that my uncle died in Canada and there is money for me",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<taxes><canada><scams><law>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/104737",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/82031/Armen"
} | 6_23 | [
[
"This is a scam. Someone who needs to charge a fee for giving you money would just deduct the fee from the amount. In a genuine case, the executor does not ask beneficiaries for money.",
"In a genuine probate case the executor of the estate will not ask beneficiaries for money. When there is an inheritance, any costs associated with executing the inheritance are taken from the estate of the deceased person. Asking for a \"fee\" suggests that this is a scam. Many countries have databases of unclaimed inheritances, so you can actually double check to see if there really is any inheritance."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
false
],
"cluster_sents_not_matched": [
[]
]
} | [
1
] | [
[
"In a genuine probate case the executor of the estate will not ask beneficiaries for money. When there is an inheritance, any costs associated with executing the inheritance are taken from the estate of the deceased person. ",
"Asking for a \"fee\" suggests that this is a scam.",
"Many countries have databases of unclaimed inheritances, so you can actually double check to see if there really is an inheritance. "
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Here’s what happens: When you thought the scammer deposited money in your account, it didn’t really happen.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "It was essentially fake money.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "This could happen in a few different ways.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "It could be that the scammer gave you a bad/fake check, which isn’t discovered until several days after you deposited it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Banks don’t know for sure if checks are good until they send it on to the issuing bank.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "As a courtesy, your bank will assume it is good as soon as you deposit it and credit your account immediately, but if the check turns out to be bad, they will withdraw that amount back from your account, and if you have already spent that money, the bank will want you to pay it back.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "There is also an electronic version of this scenario: If you are electronically sent money from an account by mistake or an account that was hacked, this can be reversed.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "On the other side of the scam, when you send money out of your account to the scammer, you are doing so willingly, even if you were tricked into doing so.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You went to the bank and withdrew the cash, or you wrote the check, or you initiated the electronic transfer out.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Your account was not hijacked; you told the bank what you wanted to do with your account.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You can’t normally just change your mind after the fact.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If the scammer took control of your account electronically and stole the money, or the scammer forged a check without your knowledge, you would generally be able to get your money back from the bank.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "But if you willingly hand money over to the scammer, you will need to go after the scammer to get your money back.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/10997/Ben Miller - Remember Monica",
"score": 114
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Some payment methods people are able to cancel or the money doesn't fully exist until 'cleared', some not.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "This scam works by sending you money via one that can such as a check, followed by you sending them money back via one that can't , typically Western Union, cash in person or via crypto etc.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "They then cancel the money you got, leaving you out of pocket and with no way to cancel the money you gave away.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/32392/Philip",
"score": 45
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "How do scammers [do something...], while you can’t?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "A major factor here is the willingness to commit a crime, particularly fraud.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "For example, you can reverse a credit card charge by calling the customer service number and complaining that a purchase was unauthorized or fraudulent.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Normal people do not lie about this because there are real consequences.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "In fact almost all bank based consumer electronic transfers can be reversed long after the fact in case of fraud.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Some electronic transfers like Western Union or Bitcoin can NEVER be reversed.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Withdrawing the money as cash is another non-reversible action.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Paying money from a reversible transaction using a never reversible one is a common theme in scams.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
2
]
]
},
{
"text": "Many fraud schemes are based on transactions where a bank will show money in a consumer's account before the bank actually receives the funds from the transfer.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
2
]
]
},
{
"text": "This is sort of a loan.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Checks from another bank, for example, take several days to clear .",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If the check is fake, the other bank will not honor it and the consumer's bank will take back the money they loaned.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/17685/trognanders",
"score": 14
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Sometimes the scammer doesn't even need to intentionally cancel the original payment.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "They might send you a check, which you deposit in your account.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Your bank accepts the check and it may even post to your account because the bank assumes that it is legitimate (and it does appear that way at first).",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "A couple days",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "/weeks later the bank finds out that the account tied to the check does not exist or doesn't have any money in it, and they reverse the deposit.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Other times, the scammer requires you (the scammee?) to send them payment via a non-reversible method, like Philip stated .",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/71269/Nosjack",
"score": 6
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The only entity who can revert done money transfer is the bank itself, and they will do it only if there was something very wrong with the transfer itself, for example transfer resulted from system failure or the money came from criminal activity (from the account, that was closed by the law enforcement).",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "However, if you send the money from your bank account that is not blacklisted and contains legitimate money, so there's no reason to cancel that transfer.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Well, if your account was used to wash money, it might be blacklisted then, but you'd loose your money anyway, and the money sent to another account was most likely taken out.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Notice that it's a money washing schema.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Criminals can't revert done money transfer on their own, and they have no interest in having their accounts confiscated by the police, so reverting the transfer is only a side effect (and most likely, only the beginning of your transfer).",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/83612/9ilsdx 9rvj 0lo",
"score": 2
}
}
] | {
"question": "I see a lot of question about scams with the same premises: Someone puts money in your account. You send money somewhere. They take their money back, while you lost your money. I don't know a whole lot about banking and money transfers, but it seems odd to me that they can retract money back while you can't do that. Can someone explain this?",
"title": "How do scammers retract money, while you can’t?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<banking><scams>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/107003",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/83829/darnok"
} | 6_24 | [
[
"With some payment methods it is possible to cancel. There are transactions that show up before the money has actually cleared.",
"If a scammer took control of your account electronically and stole the money, you would usually be able to get your money back from the bank. Some payment methods enable you to cancel or the money doesn't fully exist until it is 'cleared'. Paying money from a reversible transaction using a non-reversible one is a common theme in scams with many fraud schemes being based on transactions where a bank shows money in an account before it actually receives the funds from the transfer."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
false
],
"cluster_sents_not_matched": [
[
"Criminals can't revert done money transfer on their own, and they have no interest in having their accounts confiscated by the police, so reverting the transfer is only a side effect (and most likely, only the beginning of your transfer)."
]
]
} | [
1
] | [
[
"If a scammer took control of your account electronically and stole the money, you would usually be able to get your money back from the bank.",
"Some payment methods enable you to cancel or the money doesn't fully exist until it is 'cleared'.",
"Paying money from a reversible transaction using a non-reversible one is a common theme in scams with many fraud schemes being based on transactions where a bank shows money in an account before it actually receives the funds from the transfer."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "This is a scam.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "You will send the money on, they will withdraw the money in cash from the account you send it to, and then it will turn out that the money he sent you doesn't actually exist.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "You will be out as much as they can scam you for.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Note that if he really was \"working for the UN\", they have enormous experience at helping expatriate workers, and he would have maintained his existing US-based account.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Furthermore, if he can transfer the money to the account you have opened, he can transfer the money to \"the camp head office\".",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Do not try to argue these points with the person; he will come up with plausible sounding excuses why they don't apply in this particular case.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Just block them on Facebook and be relieved you have dodged a bullet.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/53443/Martin Bonner supports Monica",
"score": 83
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "A man I recently started talking to over Facebook I could stop right here and tell you this is a scam.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If someone you do not actually know is asking you to do anything like this",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "it is going to be a scam.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Even if it is someone you know it might not actually be them unless you talk to them yourself and not just via text.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Once again, the old rule, if I have to ask if it is a scam then it is, remains true.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/47522/user1723699",
"score": 34
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "This is just a variant of Advance-fee scam , i.e. Romance scam .",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "With social networking, The 419 artist(s) simply screen their candidate meeting their criteria, then everything starts by following their storybook .",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "In the beginning, they will spend some time with the \"candidate\", slowly build a relationship, which leads to sunk cost mentality.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Near the end of the storybook, they will throw out the money bait.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Just search internet dating advance fee scam , go through all those exposed email and message, you will learn how the storybook flow.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "To make the story convincing, some \"artist\" will even give you a realistic looking banking website to convince the \"candidates\" that there millions of $$ inside the scam artist bank account .",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/86652/mootmoot",
"score": 10
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "You would do well to peruse this site https://www.fbi.gov/scams-and-safety and to report this person.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Maybe go along with the scam long enough to get some solid details, to help the investigation?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "But don't do this without guidance from law enforcement professionals",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": ", you are too much at risk of believing the crooks..",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Note that many of these fake facebook accounts are very fond of impersonating military guys.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "It gives them an excellent excuse for being 'out of the country', while seeming more reliable to naive targets, often older conservative ones.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "This is usually mixed in with a dose of oxymoronic kindness to sweeten the pill, like pictures of kittens or as in this case claims of medical activity.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The military doctor is the current version of the Nigerian prince :-)",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/None/",
"score": 3
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The Scam The money will be \"transferred\" to your new account in a reversible way, using a fake check or fraudulent ACH.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "It will show up in the bank account as real money that you can withdraw.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The scammer will ask you to make a non-reversible transfer such as Western Union, bitcoin, mail an envelope of cash or a prepaid visa, etc.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Then the scam hits, the deposit to your bank account is reversed, and it now shows a very negative balance.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The bank technically loaned you the money until the deposit settled, now they want to be paid back!",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "There is no way to get back the money sent, so the bank will just come after you instead (with overdraft fees accruing at an alarming rate).",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
2
]
]
},
{
"text": "The Scam Part II Many who fall for the first scam will, instead of walking away, get more involved with their scammer.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "They might believe another sad story and send even more money, or believe that the scammer is going to give their money back; in the process being conned again.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Victims have drained their entire life savings and become money mules as a result of the romance scam.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "What Now?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You can dodge a bullet.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Block this person immediately, never talk to them again.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Find a hobby, join a club, visit the YMCA... avoid new \"friends\" on Facebook.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/17685/trognanders",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "A man I recently started talking to over Facebook says he is a doctor from the US working with the UN in Tripoli. He wants get out of Tripoli because of terrorist attacks on his camp. He is asking me to open an online bank account for his account manager to send me money, and then I send the money to the camp head office. Am I being scammed?",
"title": "US doctor working in Tripoli wants me to open online account",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<scams>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/109749",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/86788/Tonya Neal"
} | 6_26 | [
[
"This is a scam. The money will be transferred in a reversible way and will then disappear. If he really was working for the UN, they would be able to help expat workers.",
"This is a scam. The money will be \"transferred\" to your new account in a reversible way. You will then send them the money, which they will withdraw in cash and then it will turn out that the money they sent you doesn't exist. If this person really was working for the UN, the UN has experience in helping expatriate workers, and he would have kept his existing US-based account. You will not be able to get back the money sent, so the bank will just come after you instead."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
false
],
"cluster_sents_not_matched": [
[]
]
} | [
1
] | [
[
"This is a scam. The money will be \"transferred\" to your new account in a reversible way. You will then send them the money, which they will withdraw in cash and then it will turn out that the money they sent you doesn't exist. ",
"If this person really was working for the UN, the UN has experience in helping expatriate workers, and he would have kept his existing US-based account. ",
"You will not be able to get back the money sent, so the bank will just come after you instead."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Maybe from a Credit Union or other smaller bank, but not a big-box bank.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "why the lack of flexibility?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "There is a huge secondary market for mortgages through the MBS (Mortgage-backed Security) market.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "This market consists of millions of mortgages that have sold by banks to other institutions, that package thousands of them together into \"bonds\" that are then bought by investors.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The characteristics of the bonds inside are summarized by tenor, credit rating, etc.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "so investors know what they're paying for.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Throwing 23-year mortgages into the mix would disrupt the models that investors use, making the bonds less marketable.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Since the overhead for making a \"custom\" mortgage would be relatively high, they just don't offer it to the public.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "It's not worth their time.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "A small local bank or credit union, however, might be more willing to accommodate custom needs (or come up with an alternative).",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "However, I would not expect that you'd pay an \"interpolated\" rate.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You may end up just paying the 30-year rate with a custom payment amount.",
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"text": "Just get a 30-year mortgage and make extra payments to pay it off early.",
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"text": "Or get a 15-year loan, pay less interest and pay it off even earlier!",
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"text": "My credit union offers 10, 15, 20 and 30 year mortgages.",
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"text": "So there are ones available besides 15 and 30 years.",
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"text": "The issue for the banks and credit unions is that if they let a customer pick their duration the correct setting of interest rates becomes more complex.",
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"text": "The ones with non-standard duration's may also be harder to sell to investors.",
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"text": "One approach you can take is to get a 30 year mortgage, but then pay it off as if it was a 23 year mortgage.",
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"text": "You can use a spreadsheet or online mortgage calculator to determine the monthly payment to get it paid off in 23 years.",
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"text": "I've worked for a few mortgage banks and they'd all be happy to give you a 23 year mortgage.",
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"text": "Googling \"custom mortgage term\" returns pages from several other mortgage banks that offer the same.",
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"text": "I'd wager that just about any large player in the mortgage market would be able to give you a custom term.",
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"text": "It's not a hugely popular feature, though, because you're not likely to end up with a rate below the 30 year rate and you'd get the same result with a 30 year mortgage that you simply prepay a bit each month.",
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"text": "Particularly when you're looking for slightly non-standard terms, I'd suggest talking to a local mortgage broker that can get you quotes from a number of different mortgage banks so that you can more easily compare the various custom term programs.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Is it possible to get a mortgage in the US that is for a different duration?",
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"text": "Yes, 15 and 30 year fixed rate mortgages are the most popular, but they are not the only options.",
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"text": "Many banks also offer 20-year and 10-year fixed rate mortgages.",
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"text": "There are also a host of hybrid loan options (7/1, 5/1, 3/1 ARM).",
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"text": "40-year mortgages have all but vanished, but you might still be able to get one.",
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"text": "Say I have 23 years until I plan to retire, can I get a 23-year mortgage that would fit nicely into that timeframe?",
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"text": "Yes, while your local bank/credit union may not offer/advertise a custom length mortgage, you can certainly get one.",
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"text": "Companies like Quicken Loans advertise custom lengths (I think minimum 8-years).",
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"text": "The most popular mortgage lengths have varied over time.",
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"text": "I've heard that the 20-year is gaining ground but haven't found good data to support the claim.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "There is little need, as you can always overpay or payoff early.",
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"text": "Basically, if you want a 23 year mortgage, you take a 30 year, and simply overpay each month a bit, and after 23 years it happens to be paid off.",
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"text": "The exact amount is not basic math but not too difficult either to calculate, the web is full of calculators.",
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"text": "You also have the extra advantage that you can skip the overpayment at any given time (if there is an emergency), or increase it if you have more money.",
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{
"text": "If you would have a fixed 23 year mortgage, you must pay (at least) the agreed amount every month.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/35405/Aganju",
"score": 2
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] | {
"question": "I live in the US and it seems that mortgages rates here are always quoted for either 15 or 30 years. Is it possible to get a mortgage in the US that is for a different duration? Say I have 23 years until I plan to retire, can I get a 23-year mortgage that would fit nicely into that timeframe? If not, why the lack of flexibility?",
"title": "Is it possible to get a mortgage with a custom duration in the US?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<united-states><mortgage>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/110230",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/87052/Time4Tea"
} | 6_28 | [
[
"You might be able to do this with a smaller bank. This would count as a custom mortgage which would cost more for the bank to offer.",
"The overheads for making a \"custom\" mortgage would be relatively high, so they are not offered to the public. A Credit Union or smaller bank might be worth approaching. Another approach is to take a 30 year mortgage, but then pay it off as if it was a 23 year mortgage by overpaying each month."
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"The overheads for making a \"custom\" mortgage would be relatively high, so they are not offered to the public. A Credit Union or smaller bank might be worth approaching.",
"Another approach is to take a 30 year mortgage, but then pay it off as if it was a 23 year mortgage by overpaying each month."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
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"text": "They want to gauge the chance of a successful sale.",
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"text": "There's nothing quite as frustrating when selling and moving to a new home as getting into escrow, doing all the paperwork, crossing off all the check lists, only to find out that your buyer didn't qualify for the loan and the mortgage fell through.",
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"text": "By asking about your down payment (20% or more is often the minimum to qualify for a mortgage), the seller will get a sense of how likely you are to be qualified as a buyer.",
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"text": "For example, if you get three offers on your house, all for the same price, and one buyer is financing 80%, one buyer will finance 50%, and one buyer will pay cash for the whole thing, which offer are you most likely to accept and why?",
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"sents": [
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"text": "If the appraisal is less than the purchase price and the down payment is small, the bank might not approve the mortgage.",
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"text": "Because, ultimately, the seller is likely going to have multiple offers for the house and will have to decide which to go with.",
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"text": "In that situation, one of the most important weighing factors is: how likely is the seller going to manage to get to the finish line?",
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"text": "Because there's actually a really long time between when an offer gets accepted and when the house is actually officially sold - usually between 1-2 months .",
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"text": "So, now, put yourself in the seller's shoes.",
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"text": "You do not want to accept an offer that ends up falling through.",
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"text": "You lose the time it takes for the deal to go bad.",
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"text": "You lose the time it takes to get the house back on the market.",
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"text": "You lose the time it takes to get more offers on it.",
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"text": "And all this time you're losing?",
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"text": "You're making house payments - house payments you wouldn't have to make if you accepted an offer that went the distance.",
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"text": "That's why sellers care about the downpayment.",
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"text": "If there was an easy way to get your credit score and W2s, they'd want those, too.",
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"text": "Not because they care , but because they want as much safety as they can get that the offer they're choosing will be finalized.",
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"text": "If they have one offer from a fresh college grad with no credit and a 5% downpayment... and another slightly lower offer from a middle-aged couple with immaculate credit and 25% downpayment?",
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"text": "They're accepting the second in a heart-beat - yeah",
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"text": ", they might get more from the former, but they risk several house payments if the deal falls through.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "A personal story, previously shared in an answer to another question :",
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"text": "For the last house I sold, the buyer was doing a no-money-down mortgage and had no money for a down payment.",
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"text": "He was even borrowing the closing costs.",
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"text": "We accepted the offer, but when the bank did the appraisal, it was short of the purchase price.",
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"text": "For most home sales, this would not be a problem, as long as the appraisal was more than the amount borrowed.",
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"text": "But in this case, because the amount borrowed was more than the appraisal, the bank had a problem.",
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"text": "The deal was at risk, and in order to continue either the buyer had to find some money somewhere (which he couldn't), or we had to lower the price to save the deal.",
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"text": "Certainly, accepting the offer from a buyer with no cash to bring to the table was a risk.",
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"text": "In our case, we got lucky.",
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"text": "I found some errors that were made in the appraisal, got it redone, and the buyer was able to borrow all that he needed for the house at the previously agreed-upon price.",
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"text": "Despite pre-approval, there are many situations that can arise between the offer and the closing that will affect how much money will be needed at closing.",
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"text": "A situation that ordinarily might not jeopardize the sale for a buyer that has a good down payment could unfortunately make the deal collapse if the buyer has little to no cash of their own to bring to the table.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Here are some reasons sellers might care about the down payment amount:",
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"text": "Bigger isn't always better, but generally, as the size of the down payment goes towards $0, the likelihood of the deal falling apart due to financing problems increases.",
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"text": "There is probably a point of diminishing returns though, say around 5% or $10k (whichever is greater), after which point it probably doesn't make much difference; e.g. someone with bank approval putting down $20k on a $300K house isn't that much more likely to fall through than someone putting down $150k on that house.",
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"text": "If a seller asks for this reason, it could be just to identify low down payment amounts as a possible risk.",
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"text": "Some sellers care about the future of their home, especially if they built it and are the original owners.",
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"text": "They may want to make sure their home is maintained and cared for far into the future.",
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"text": "The larger a down payment, the lower the monthly payment, which means the less chances of foreclosure down the line.",
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"text": "Similar to #2, some sellers are good friends with their neighbors, and may remain friends with their neighbors even after they move.",
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"text": "They may want to make sure their neighbors get a new good neighbor.",
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"text": "Maybe there's a correlation between a larger down payment and having more cash to buy nice toys.",
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"text": "Surely Mr. Big-Down-Payment who is obviously well-to-do and has a shiny new snowblower will be happy to let their neighbors borrow it!",
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"text": "Ultimately though, the down payment amount (above a certain threshold) really shouldn't matter, and for the most part probably doesn't matter nearly as much as purchase price/concessions, and an overall \"good vibe\".",
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"sents": [
{
"text": "The other answers have focused on the likelihood of a sale falling through, but I think there is another side to this.",
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"text": "Given two otherwise identical buyers, if both can borrow the same amount of money, the one with the larger deposit can potentially afford to pay more for the property.",
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"text": "Knowing the size of the buyer's deposit is to the seller's advantage if they want to make a counter-offer, as it gives them a better idea of what the buyer can afford.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5090/user3490",
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}
] | {
"question": "I'm going through the process of buying a home now. Whenever I make an offer, the seller wants to know how much of that will be down payment. Why do they care? Isn't the combination of the down payment plus the bank's mortgage payment going to be equal to the full offer? Do the sellers get some advantage from more cash in the down payment?",
"title": "Why do sellers care about down payments?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<united-states><mortgage><cash><new-york><down-payment>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/113451",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/14500/David says Reinstate Monica"
} | 6_30 | [
[
"It gives them a sense of who can pay more for a property. ",
"By asking about your down payment the seller will get a sense of how likely you are to be qualified as a buyer. "
]
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"By asking about your down payment the seller will get a sense of how likely you are to be qualified as a buyer. ",
"Someone with a larger deposit can potentially afford to pay more for the property. Also knowing the size of the buyer's deposit is to the seller's advantage if they want to make a counter-offer, as it gives them a better idea of what the buyer can afford"
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
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"text": "Sometimes, we own things that are all but worthless.",
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},
{
"text": "What do you do if you have a single staple you want to get rid of?",
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"text": "Nobody would give you even a penny for it.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Even if it's unbent, a single staple is only worth a tiny fraction of a penny.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If it's been used, its value as scrap metal is even less.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "But if you have a million of them, you can open an office supply store and sell them in blocks of a thousand and make some cash.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/186/Shawaron",
"score": 72
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I cannot buy/sell a single share?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Sure you can.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I'm sure someone would sell you theirs for $0.01, 3x the market value.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Selling would obviously be tricky What happens if I own one share, I sell, and then want to cash out?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You need to find someone who enjoys losing money.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Or buy more then sell the new total.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Sometimes investments become worthless.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Some brokers charge a fee to remove worthless things from your account.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/22881/quid",
"score": 15
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I understand how this can happen as the market cap falls below the shares outstanding",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Technically, the market cap would have to fall below 1/100th of the shares outstanding in order for share price to drop below one cent ...",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "but how do you actually transact when the prices are like this?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I cannot buy/sell a single share?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "What happens if I own one share, I sell, and then want to cash out?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You can buy or sell any number of shares that you like at the current bid/ask, in the size available at those prices.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The transaction would be rounded up to the nearest penny.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If you want to buy 1 share for $0.0032 and pay one cent for it then go for it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "However, I suspect that your broker is likely to have some issues with this, assuming that they already don't prohibit one share transactions in the sub penny market.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/67285/Bob Baerker",
"score": 3
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I had a situation where one stock dropped over 99% in value.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The company where my account was, had rules that allowed sales of sub-penny stocks in 2 manners: blocks of 100 or \"all of it\".",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "My account was credited for the 94 cents that the 100 shares sold for, and I was not charged the $7.95 fee for stock trades (in that type of retirement account).",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I don't fully remember their rules for purchasing such stock, but I believe that the minimum to buy was \"enough to get to $1\" plus the $7.95 transaction fee.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/7834/Tangurena",
"score": 3
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "It's pretty unusual to buy single shares of stocks.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Stocks are usually sold in blocks called round lots , which are 100 shares in most US stock exchanges.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "So even if the share price is a fraction of a cent, when you purchase 100's of them you will pay more than a penny.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Dividend reinvestment programs allow you to purchase odd lots of shares.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "But I don't think these are purchased on the open market, they come from shares that the company owns for this purpose; the same goes for shares that are given to employees as a form of compensation.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "This is also the reason why companies tend to split shares when their stock price gets too high.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "They want investors to be able afford to 100 shares, so they spli shares to make this affordable to average investors.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "A handful of companies don't do this.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Berkshire Hathaway is the most notable, its share price is over $300,000, and Warren Buffett says he keeps the price high to deter short-term traders from creating volatility.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/52680/Barmar",
"score": 2
}
}
] | {
"question": "I was looking at Helios and Matheson Analytics Inc OTCMKTS: HMNY (parent of MoviePass) and noticed they are trading for 0.0032 USD. I understand how this can happen as the market cap falls below 1/100th of the shares outstanding but how do you actually transact when the prices are like this? I cannot buy/sell a single share? What happens if I own one share, I sell, and then want to cash out?",
"title": "How can a stock trade for a fraction of a cent?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<stocks><shares>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/115664",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/88634/Nico"
} | 6_31 | [
[
"The transaction would be rounded up to the nearest penny. Shares are usually sold in blocks.",
"The transaction would be rounded up to the nearest penny. In any case, tocks are usually sold in blocks called round lots , which are 100 shares in most US stock exchanges. The market cap would have to fall below 1/100th of the shares outstanding in order for share price to drop below one cent."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
false
],
"cluster_sents_not_matched": [
[]
]
} | [
1
] | [
[
"The market cap would have to fall below 1/100th of the shares outstanding in order for share price to drop below one cent.",
"The transaction would be rounded up to the nearest penny. In any case, tocks are usually sold in blocks called round lots , which are 100 shares in most US stock exchanges."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Rent is not a debt because you have not borrowed any money from the landlord.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Your current month's rent is a ( very ) short term liability, as are other payments for services rendered (like utility bills and maid service).",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Future rent obligated by a lease agreement can also be considered a liability, or you can consider the cost of breaking the lease to be a liability.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "( Overdue rent, though, is probably a debt, but you aren't asking about that...)",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/22266/RonJohn",
"score": 81
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The answer is a certain 'no'.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "There was a question along the lines of \"How can one always be debt-free, given that we get monthly bills?\"",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "In that case, we make the distinction between an accumulated debt and regular bills.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I'd prefer not to argue word definitions, per se, or semantics.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "For purposes of such exercises, your highlighted quote helps make the distinction.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The monthly rent, utilities, cable bill, etc, are not 'debt' and go in a different category.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "To play devil's advocate, if the rent is $1000, how would you enter it?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "On 12/31 show $12K in debt due next year?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Or just next month's rent?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/187/JTP - Apologise to Monica",
"score": 24
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "This question of the financial assessment test is asking for your monthly repayment rate for any annuity loans you have.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
3
]
]
},
{
"text": "An annuity loan is when you receive either a sum of money or goods/services worth a certain amount of money and then pay that money back over time through a monthly installment plan.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The questionaire is asking you for the monthly installments you need to pay.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "A rent is not a loan because you do not own the property you rent.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You just pay a monthly fee for using it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "How is a rent different from a debt repayment through an installment plan?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "An installment plan will end eventually when you paid all the required rates.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "A rent contract doesn't have such a finite goal.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You pay as long as you live there.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You can get out of the obligation to pay rent each month by canceling the lease and moving out.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The only ways to get out of the monthly obligation to pay the rates for an installment plan are to repay it in full, renegotiate it or by declaring personal bankruptcy.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Note that rent can become debt paid through an installment plan when you don't pay it.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
2
]
]
},
{
"text": "When you miss a monthly rent payment, your landlord will then ask you how you intend to pay it.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "One option could be a monthly installment plan.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "For example, if you are supposed to pay $1000 rent per month and you missed one month rent, you could negotiate with your landlord that you pay $1100 for the next 10 months.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "That means you now pay $1000 rent per month and $100 debt repayment per month for the next 10 months.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/20203/Philipp",
"score": 4
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Debt is money owed to another for goods or services (or money) rendered.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
-1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "For example, if you took $5 worth of product from a store (other legal consequences aside), you would be in debt to that store for $5 of product taken.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Rent is typically paid in advance for use of the premise for the upcoming month, or other unit of time specified in your lease agreement.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If paid on time, rent is not debt.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "However, if not paid on time, like the product taken from the store, your rent is money owed for use of the premise--back rent is debt.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/25555/Jim Fell",
"score": 4
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "According to 11",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "U.S.C. § 101 (12)",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "The term “debt” means liability on a claim.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "And as explained by the American Bankruptcy Institute : the Eleventh Circuit held that a debt on a lease agreement is incurred at the time of signing and not when the rental payments become due So at least in the United States, by federal law and federal court decisions,",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "entering a rental agreement creates a debt at the moment the agreement is signed.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/22346/DavePhD",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "There are several good answers which have concentrated on the 'debt' and/or 'rent' part of the question.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "For something different and hopefully also helpful, I'm going to concentrate on the ' financial assessment ' part, which almost everyone has ignored.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You should consider who is performing the financial assessment, and why.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "Pending any further clarification from the original poster, I'm going to assume that someone is trying to decide if they should lend you money, and if so how much, and at what rate.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "But I'm only guessing and",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I could be wrong.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "When someone is financially-assessing a possible borrower, all they're trying to do is answer one question: how likely is it that this person will default?",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "They are probably going to feel there is some difference, however small, between: I'm making $2000 in debt payments every month, including rent",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "I'm making $500 in debt payments every month, and also $1500 in monthly rent",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "As other answers have indicated, all other things being equal, they're probably expecting you to provide them with your information in the second format.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/90030/Roger",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "I am taking a financial assessment. It asks me: What is your total monthly debt payment (e.g. student loans, vehicles, credit cards, personal loans, etc.)? Then the next questions are about household essentials and non-household essentials. But should I include rent in any of this?",
"title": "Is rent considered a debt?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<financial-literacy><rent>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/115736",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/79102/Jossie Calderon"
} | 6_32 | [
[
"Rent is not a loan or a debt. ",
"The financial assessment test is asking for your monthly repayment rate for any annuity loans you have. Debt is money owed for goods or services or money rendered. Rent is not a debt, because you have not borrowed any money from the landlord and you do not own the property you rent. But, rent can become a debt paid through an instalment plan if you don't pay it."
]
] | {
"rel_sent_not_in_cluster": [
true
],
"cluster_sents_not_matched": [
[
"Debt is money owed for goods or services or money rendered."
]
]
} | [
1
] | [
[
"Debt is money owed for goods or services or money rendered. ",
"Rent is not a debt, because you have not borrowed any money from the landlord and you do not own the property you rent.",
"But, rent can become a debt paid through an installment plan if you don't pay it.",
"The financial assessment test is asking for your monthly repayment rate for any annuity loans you have. "
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "They should stop the contributions for you, but mistakes happen, so employees should still check to make sure they haven't over-contributed.",
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],
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5363/D Stanley",
"score": 13
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The chance they deposit more than the limit is slim to none.",
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],
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{
"text": "The issue of depositing too much is with those who had 2 jobs over the year.",
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1
],
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-1
],
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{
"text": "The warning I’d give you pertains to matching funds.",
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{
"text": "With no percent limit in my deposit, I could have topped off my 401(k) by April or",
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"text": "May. But, with no deposits, any potential matching was delayed until February of the next year, when these numbers were reconciled.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/187/JTP - Apologise to Monica",
"score": 8
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "26 USC 401(a)(30) requires that, for a plan to be a \"qualified\" plan, the plan must limit contributions for an employee for all plans under the same employer to the annual limit.",
"label": [
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"text": "So the plan is required to stop contributions when it reaches the limit.",
"label": [
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"text": "Now, if you have multiple jobs and the contributions for each job are under the limit but the total is over, that is not the plan's fault and it is your responsibility to make sure your total is under the limit.",
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"text": "But if a single plan (or plans from the same employer) allows contributions more than the limit, then that is their mistake and they must correct it , and the plan risks disqualification if they don't return excess contributions by April 15 of the next year.",
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"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/5920/user102008",
"score": 5
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "If the plan administrator withholds too much, the Plan Sponsor will refund the overage to the employee upon discovering the error in the annual plan review that is required by law , which usually takes place early in the following year.",
"label": [
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{
"text": "This will trigger an amended W2.",
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"text": "If you have already filed your tax return when the error is discovered, you will have to file an amended return that reflects the additional taxable income.",
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"text": "So it's best to speak up promptly if you notice that 401(k) withholding has gone over the limit.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/84375/MTA",
"score": 2
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "I over-contributed about $2,000 in 2017, and I got penalized big-time by the IRS.",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "My company and my tax accountant split the penalty, so I didn't have to pay the penalty.",
"label": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "But everyone was so mad at the 401k administrator that they dropped the retirement provider for the whole company - all employees at our company were affected by the change in retirement provider.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "I don't feel bad for the retirement company.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "I mean, what else are they doing if they are not checking the limits???",
"label": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "I only had one W-2 job at the time.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "The finance industry blows my mind.",
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],
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/32357/steampowered",
"score": 2
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "It depends on if your company has any other process in place.",
"label": [
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "The plan at my job will continue to put money in, but anything in excess of the limit gets put into a an after-tax 401k account (not to be confused to the normal pre-tax 401k account that acts like an IRA).",
"label": [
0
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],
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},
{
"text": "It is really annoying since there is no 'fixed per month' contribution option, and the percentage match from our company is applied per month, so if I were to max out my contribution prior to the end of the year, every month that I'm not contributing will not be counted toward the company match.",
"label": [
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{
"text": "Similar example found in the thread at https://www.bogleheads.org/forum/viewtopic.php?t=133214",
"label": [
0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "It depends on your employer.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
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},
{
"text": "My employer put excess contributions beyond the pre-tax limit into after-tax 401k.",
"label": [
0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
-1
]
]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/86803/Cinderhaze",
"score": 0
}
}
] | {
"question": "Suppose a person has a single job with $80K salary for the year and chooses 30% contribution to their 401K. The limit for 2020 contributions is 19.5K. Will the employer or the administrator stop withholding anything above 19.5K automatically or does the employee need to change/stop the contribution themselves?",
"title": "Will an administrator exceed the 401K limit?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<united-states><401k>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/116663",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/82450/Raj"
} | 6_33 | [
[
"The plan is required to stop contributions when you reach the limit. Depositing too much tends to happen with those who had 2 jobs over the year.",
"The issue of depositing too much is usually with those who had 2 jobs over the year. Contributions should stop, but mistakes happen, so employees should still check to make sure they haven't over-contributed. The plan is required to stop contributions when it reaches the limit. If a plan allows contributions more than the limit, then that is their mistake and they should correct it. The plan also risks disqualification if they don't return excess contributions by April 15 of the next year."
]
] | {
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"The issue of depositing too much is usually with those who had 2 jobs over the year."
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1
] | [
[
"The issue of depositing too much is usually with those who had 2 jobs over the year. ",
"Contributions should stop, but mistakes happen, so employees should still check to make sure they haven't over-contributed.",
"The plan is required to stop contributions when it reaches the limit. ",
"If a plan allows contributions more than the limit, then that is their mistake and they should correct it. The plan also risks disqualification if they don't return excess contributions by April 15 of the next year."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "By buying put options for the stock.",
"label": [
0
],
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0
],
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},
{
"text": "A put option gives you a time-limited right to sell a stock for a specific price.",
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1
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Even if the actual price of the stock is below that price at the moment.",
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0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
]
},
{
"text": "This can be used as an insurance against an unexpected price drop, because it puts a maximum on how much money you can lose.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "But: The put options cost you money, no matter if you use them or not.",
"label": [
0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
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},
{
"text": "If the stock stays above the strike price, you spent money on an option for nothing.",
"label": [
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "The put options can only be used until a specific date.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "If you still hold the stock after the date expired, the options are useless and you need to buy new ones.",
"label": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Depending on how the stock has developed in the mean-time, the price for the put-options might also have changed.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Keep in mind that option trading is one of the more advanced techniques in stock trading.",
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0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "When you think that buying a stock would be too risky to buy without insuring it through a put option, then maybe you shouldn't invest in that stock at all.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "If you consider yourself a risk-averse investor, then it might be smarter to stay away from stocks of individual companies.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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]
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},
{
"text": "Diversify by buying funds instead.",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
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]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/20203/Philipp",
"score": 46
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "How to protect your investment in such situations?",
"label": [
0
],
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},
{
"text": "By diversifying.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "If a company whose stock you own goes bankrupt, and it's a problem for you, your stock portfolio is not diversified well enough.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "In fact, I would argue you should be prepared for as many as 2-3 companies whose stocks you own going bankrupt.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "By understanding into what you invest.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "If you invest in a company that has been the market leader for 30 years, chances are it doesn't drop much in value, assuming the valuation at which you purchased the stock seemed reasonable.",
"label": [
1
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "The largest investments in a well-diversified portfolio should be just like that: major companies with large market cap.",
"label": [
1
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"label_summ": [
-1
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Your investment into them is unlikely to vanish.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "By buying more.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "If you diversify well, and invest into good companies at a reasonable valuation, and suddenly all of your investments have dropped 50% or so because the market index has dropped, it's a very good chance to move more money from bonds to stocks.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "It's also a very good chance to reduce your spending so that you have more money for investing.",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/36069/juhist",
"score": 19
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "The classic answer to that dilemma comes from Will Rogers: \"Don't gamble; take all your savings and buy some good stock and hold it till it goes up, then sell it.",
"label": [
0
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],
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},
{
"text": "If it don't go up, don't buy it.\"",
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0
],
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},
{
"text": "More practical ways of reducing losses are stop loss orders and options.",
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0
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/67285/Bob Baerker",
"score": 4
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "By the end of the year, it was taken private at $196.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
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-1
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},
{
"text": "You either need patience, or a magic trading formula that doesn't exist.",
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0
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],
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-1
]
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/187/JTP - Apologise to Monica",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "By not gambling, and instead investing in something with guaranteed returns (e.g. government bonds), an FDIC insured savings account, or ownership of something whose value to you remains the same regardless of what the market does (i.e. a house).",
"label": [
0
],
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/4620/R.. GitHub STOP HELPING ICE",
"score": 2
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "You have a investment firm do it for you in a diversified account.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
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]
},
{
"text": "They have a team of specialist dedicated to monitoring stocks, and will know about things long before you get notified.",
"label": [
0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "So now you have 15 different stock in one group monitored by a team of professionals.",
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0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
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},
{
"text": "Of course they do charge some sort of fee, but you won't lose everything.",
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0
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/45107/cybernard",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "After hours earning call is the perfect time for a stock price to go up or down significantly, as well as in a few minutes after the market open. The example of LinkedIn stock crashing is an example. As an individual investor, you will be late and by the time you are ready, the price has already crashed. The bad news reaches you after a few minutes later even if you are alert 24/7. How do you protect your investment in such situations?",
"title": "How can we save ourselves from large drops in stock price?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<stocks>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/117726",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/92007/wonderful world"
} | 6_34 | [
[
"An out option gives a time-limited right to sell stock at a specific price. If the drop in price of one stock is a big problem, then you portfolio isn't diversified enough.",
"A put option gives you a time-limited right to sell a stock for a specific price. Your stock portfolio needs to be well diversified. If you invest in a market leader, chances are the value won't drop much. "
]
] | {
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[]
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1
] | [
[
"A put option gives you a time-limited right to sell a stock for a specific price.",
"Your stock portfolio needs to be well diversified. ",
"If you invest in a market leader, chances are the value won't drop much. "
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "If you need that money for a payment 3 1/2 months away, then you need to be extremely risk averse.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
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]
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},
{
"text": "Maybe even to the point that you may want to spread that $1mil to several banks to stay under the FDIC limits of $250k/account.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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-1
]
]
},
{
"text": "You will not get great return, but you will be sure to have it when you want it such a short time away.",
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0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/51412/R. Hamilton",
"score": 109
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "In addition to R.Hamilton's answer (upvoted), I would add that there is some not insignificant risk at the moment of financial crisis #2 due to the demand and supply shocks, (covid 19 + oil market drops ), overstretched corporate borrowing, and central banks having run out of ammo trying to keep 2007 on ice.",
"label": [
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},
{
"text": "I think it would be very wise to split the money into separate banks for insurance coverage.",
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1
],
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1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
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},
{
"text": "Maybe look into short term term-deposits.",
"label": [
1
],
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1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
1
]
]
},
{
"text": "EDIT: Update.",
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0
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},
{
"text": "Since the time of posting this answer I would change the opening \"not insignificant risk\" to \"highly probable\", if not actually declaring that we are now in fin.crisis#2, opening rounds.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/91156/Frank",
"score": 23
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Unless you want take a more significant risk, that's probably anout the best you can do.",
"label": [
0
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]
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},
{
"text": "Investing it into the market - bonds or ETFs or even shares - would give you a chance to earn a lot on it, but also to lose a lot on it.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
-1
],
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},
{
"text": "With a short time horizon like this, you would not be able to recover losses.",
"label": [
0
],
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0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "If you had ten years, the recommendation would be to buy some ETFs and make 4-10% in average.",
"label": [
0
],
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],
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},
{
"text": "For not even four months - take the 1.7%.",
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],
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]
}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/35405/Aganju",
"score": 5
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Possibly, invest the funds long-term and re-finance the land debt from a position of better credit standing.",
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0
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},
{
"text": "Also, close to 50% of the funds in a brokerage account can be taken out of the account on margin and institutional margin rates can be found.",
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},
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"text": "Then an interest-only loan can be developed such that simply future performance of the investment possibly pays off the loan.",
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"text": "I called that situation an interest-only loan because the percentage of margin deposit must be maintained while the minimum financial drain is the margin interest.",
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"sents": [
{
"text": "Of course, I would always consult a fiduciary investment advisor.",
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"text": "I would imagine my investment advisor would recommend investing the money long-term in a diversified allocation portfolio, possible refinance the land debt (when interest rates drop lower, hopefully soon) and service the land debt from the growth/income from the invested money.",
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] | {
"question": "We have 1 million dollars from the sale of a farm, which we want to use to pay down land debt. But we can't make a payment until the anniversary date of July 5. Right now it is in an interest bearing checking account earning 1.7 %.",
"title": "What to do with $1,000,000.00 for 3&1/2 months?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<investing><interest>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/121672",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/None/"
} | 6_35 | [
[
"Split the money into different banks for insurance coverage. You could look at short-term deposits.",
"I think it would be wise to split the money into separate banks for insurance. Short term term-deposits might be a good idea. Investing it into the market - bonds or ETFs or even shares - would give you a chance to earn a lot, but also the potential to lose a lot."
]
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"Investing it into the market - bonds or ETFs or even shares - would give you a chance to earn a lot on it, but also to lose a lot on it. S1: Investing it into the market - bonds or ETFs or even shares - would give you a chance to earn a lot on it, but also to lose a lot on it."
]
]
} | [
1
] | [
[
"I think it would be wise to split the money into separate banks for insurance.",
"Short term term-deposits might be a good idea. Investing it into the market - bonds or ETFs or even shares - would give you a chance to earn a lot, but also the potential to lose a lot."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
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"text": "You are often obliged to notify the regulator when you have a decent chunk of stock (5% or 10%, say).",
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"text": "So, one should take proper advice before attempting this sort of thing.",
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"text": "If you obtain a majority of the shares, you can call an EGM (extraordinary general meeting) sack the directors and appoint new ones.",
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"text": "Again, there's a whole pile of legal responsibilities that come with that.",
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"text": "In the case of HMNY, since it is in administration you can't appoint directors.",
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"text": "It's 99.9% likely that you get a letter from the Chapter 7 trustees explaining that after liquidating the company, paying its creditors and deducting their fees the shareholders will be getting nothing.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/26781/richardb",
"score": 48
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{
"sents": [
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"text": "Yes, if you hold 100% of the shares, you own the company.",
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"text": "But the problem with \"buying all the shares\" is that you can not buy what isn't for sale.",
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"text": "The current holders of those shares need to be willing to sell them.",
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"text": "If you try a hostile takeover like that, then you might notice that a lot of shareholders are not interested in selling at this time: They might assume the price will raise in the future.",
"label": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "They might not just be speculators but have a personal stake in the company.",
"label": [
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],
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],
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},
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"text": "They might be employed there or they might have a strategic partnership with the company.",
"label": [
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},
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"text": "So they don't want it to be taken over by someone they don't even know.",
"label": [
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"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Or they might just not pay attention to the market and overlook your buy offer.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "In order to convince these shareholders to sell to you, you might have to offer them a price which is far higher than the price the company is listed at right now.",
"label": [
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "But you might not even need 100% of the shares to take ownership of a publicly traded company.",
"label": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Depending on jurisdiction, owning 90%-95% of shares might permit you to perform a squeeze-out - forcing other shareholders to sell to you at market price, no matter if they want to or not.",
"label": [
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},
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"text": "Owning 50% +",
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],
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "1 of the shares gives you a shareholder majority.",
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],
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"text": "This doesn't technically make you the sole owner, but gives you a high level of control over the company.",
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],
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},
{
"text": "You can now make any decision which requires a shareholder majority by yourself.",
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"answer_details": {
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},
{
"sents": [
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"text": "You're buying from sellers, sellers are more or less willing to sell Always remember when you buy a share if means someone was found willing to sell it to you at an agreed price.",
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"text": "The quoted price represents the lowest price at which a random buyer could buy one extra share.",
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"text": "That price corresponds to the owner that is the most willing to sell.",
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},
{
"text": "The more shares you buy, the further you get past those willing to sell, so the more you get to people that aren't so willing to sell, which means higher price, possibly much higher price.",
"label": [
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},
{
"text": "The notion of \"Market Depth\" conveys this: a shallow market depth means that after buying relatively few shares, you get to shares that you simply can't buy.",
"label": [
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"text": "Market depth is the market's ability to sustain relatively large market orders without impacting the price of the security",
"label": [
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"text": "https://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/marketdepth.asp",
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},
{
"text": "Example",
"label": [
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "Say the company has 99,999 shares issues and a current trading price of $1; you might be able to buy the first 49,999 for 1$ each*, but the current shareholder(s) know that selling you that last share gives you control of the company.",
"label": [
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},
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"text": "If they don't want that, then that last share may become very expensive indeed!",
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},
{
"text": "*",
"label": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "In reality if you start to buy large volumes of anything you'll move the price, but let's keep the example simple.",
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},
{
"text": "EDIT:",
"label": [
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},
{
"text": "Let's also think about how much the price might move even without the risk of you owning more than half: Start price = S0 =",
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{
"text": "1$Increase = r = 0.01% per share bought (that's not a lot right?)Shares to buy = N = 50,000Final share price =",
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},
{
"text": "S0 * r^N =",
"label": [
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},
{
"text": "1",
"label": [
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],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "*",
"label": [
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],
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},
{
"text": "(1.0001)^50000 = 150",
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],
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],
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},
{
"text": "$Total spent =",
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},
{
"text": "S_0 * (1-r^N)/(1-r) =",
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},
{
"text": "1",
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},
{
"text": "* (1-1.0001^50000)/(1-1.0001) = 1.47 $m Set the rate a bit higher: Increase = 0.02% per shareTotal = 110$m !!",
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{
"text": "That doesn't look so cheap any more!",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/95353/David258",
"score": 12
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},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Things to consider: the number of outstanding-shares versus the public-float the amount of debt that the company has and including the possibility of a preferred share issue cash expenses versus cash revenue the stock market doesn't offer a large number of shares at a fixed price merger paperwork is required with securities regulators The reason to consider these is that companies are often bought just to get their stock market listing.",
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],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/80802/S Spring",
"score": 8
}
},
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "If you buy up 100% of the shares, you become the owner of the company.",
"label": [
1
],
"label_summ": [
1
],
"cluster_id": [
[
0
]
]
},
{
"text": "Effectively, you take it private.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
[
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]
},
{
"text": "Then since you're the owner, you get to make all the decisions, e.g. fire this employee, work on this product, etc.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
0
],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "Of course if your decisions turn out to be bad then you are the one who suffers, since it's after all your company's profits that drops.",
"label": [
0
],
"label_summ": [
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "One thing you won't have to do is justify your actions to the public.",
"label": [
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"cluster_id": [
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"text": "Publicly-listed companies have to declare their financials, their plans, etc, because the public is the owner of the company.",
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0
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},
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"text": "Here's an example of a company that was taken private several years ago: Dell .",
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0
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},
{
"text": "Note the buyout price was 25% above the original stock price - as Flux points out in a comment, you need to pay more to convince all the other shareholders to sell.",
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0
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],
"cluster_id": [
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},
{
"text": "However, once you own a certain portion of the company, you can compel the remaining shareholders to sell .",
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1
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],
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[
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}
],
"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/71082/Allure",
"score": 5
}
}
] | {
"question": "I noticed that some companies have only 100,000 market cap. And it's listed company that you can even buy its shares easily. The turnover rate is even > 100% which means it has enough liquidity. What would happen if I use my money to buy all its shares? Just wondering...",
"title": "Why are some listed companies so \"cheap\" in the market? What would happen if I use my money to buy 100% of its shares?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<stocks>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/125276",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/7314/AGamePlayer"
} | 6_36 | [
[
"If you buy up all the shares then you become the owner of the company. Once you have 90% of shares you can force other shareholders to sell to you.",
"If you hold 100% of the shares, you own the company. If you obtain a majority of the shares, you can call an EGM, sack the directors and appoint new ones. You might not even need 100% of the shares to take ownership of a publicly traded company. Once you own a certain portion of the company, you can compel the remaining shareholders to sell, whether they want to or not."
]
] | {
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1
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[
"If you hold 100% of the shares, you own the company. If you obtain a majority of the shares, you can call an EGM, sack the directors and appoint new ones.",
"You might not even need 100% of the shares to take ownership of a publicly traded company. Once you own a certain portion of the company, you can compel the remaining shareholders to sell, whether they want to or not."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "It's trying to say those who speculate are in for short term and tend to trade more often, thus paying more brokerage fees and making the broker rich.",
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"text": "A longer term investor on the other hand will not trade often and stays put with ups and downs and makes money in long run.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/1113/Dheer",
"score": 42
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{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Brokers make money from traders and investors, especially in the days when \"The Intelligent Investor\" was written (1949)",
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"text": "when commissions were highway robbery.",
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"text": "I don't know what they were at that time but",
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"text": "in the late 70's, it cost $30-$40-$50 to buy a few hundred shares.",
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"text": "So at that time, frequent trading definitely enriched brokers.",
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"text": "Graham is also implying that investors make money whereas traders do not.",
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"text": "Some traders make significant money but it's a small percentage.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/67285/Bob Baerker",
"score": 14
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{
"sents": [
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"text": "Speculation is gambling.",
"label": [
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"text": "Speculants are the marks, they walk into the casino with lots of cash, most of them leave poor.",
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"text": "A few get rich and inspire the next generation of marks.",
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"text": "Brokers are the house.",
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},
{
"text": "They get rich.",
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},
{
"text": "A comment mentioned $0 fee brokerages.",
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},
{
"text": "I took a look at one of these sites.",
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},
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"text": "On the front page they said \"other fees may apply\".",
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},
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"text": "Searching further gave a list of fees, including the following text: Fee updates always apply to open positions.",
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"text": "Fees are subject to change at any given time and could change on a daily basis, without prior notice, depending on market conditions.",
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"text": "We encourage you to periodically visit this page to stay updated on current fees.",
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"text": "Brokers make money, or they go out of business.",
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"text": "If they don't take one type of fees, they take another.",
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"text": "They may also be swindlers, planning to disappear one day with all the money people have deposited.",
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"score": 8
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},
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"sents": [
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"text": "As others have pointed out, the quote comes from many years ago, when broker commissions were much higher than they are now.",
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"text": "But even in these days of commission-free online trading, you're still making money for the brokerage.",
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"text": "According to In the race to zero-fee broker commissions, here’s who the big winner is no-fee brokerages often make money by selling their trading history to other traders.",
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"text": "This fits in with the well-known aphorism about free content on the Internet: If you're not paying for the product, you are the product.",
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"text": "Others provide other services such as money management, financial planning, etc.",
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"text": "to larger investors, which subsidize the free services to small investors.",
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"text": "Also, you need to think about the distinction between speculation and investing.",
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"text": "\"Investing\" refers to generally holding on to a diverse portfolio of high quality investments for the long term; since the market generally tends to increase, you're almost guaranteed to make a profit unless you select lots of real dogs, and diversification protects you from that.",
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"text": "\"Speculation\" implies gambling on companies with less of a track record, hoping they'll be the next Apple or Amazon.com, and/or frequent short-term trading; unless you're really lucky, you're not likely to make much money this way, but the broker still gets their share.",
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"text": "You might be wondering about venture capital firms, whose business model is based on investing in startup companies.",
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"text": "They address the problem by having enough money to be able to invest in dozens of these companies at a time.",
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"text": "They expect most of them to fail, but the hope is that a few of them will be successful enough to offset those losses and they come out ahead in the long run.",
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"text": "They also often deal directly with the companies they're investing in, rather than going through brokers, since the companies aren't yet trading on an exchange.",
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"text": "This type of investing is hard for individual investors to do, other than by purchasing shares in VC limited partnerships.",
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"text": "It's like playing slot machines -- unless you have lots of money, you're likely to go broke before you hit the jackpot.",
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"text": "In most retrospectives of the California gold rush, it is noted that it wasn't the people going out west to mine gold that made any money (though of course a select few did), it was the people who sold the shovels to those speculators.",
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"text": "I think the quote is playing off that sort of idea.",
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"text": "Aside from brokers making the money (when they do), the bigger problem is that you are an amateur, playing a largely zero-sum game against players who are professional, much larger than you, have vastly better research than you, better staffed, more experienced and with a better sense of timing .",
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"text": "By \"zero sum game\"",
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"text": "I mean that if you are speculating, you're obviously not just buying, buying, buying using an infinite pool of money; whenever you are buying, you are selling something else to raise the funds for that.",
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"text": "That means you're not staying in stocks very long.",
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"text": "And that means the natural long-term growth of stocks doesn't help you very much.",
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"text": "Even more than that, when you buy and sell, you're not trading into \"the aether\".",
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"text": "You are trading with other real people who are choosing to pay or offer that price.",
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"text": "In fact, if you ask yourself \"Who is selling low such that they can buy low, and who is buying high such that they can sell high\" -- you find yourself facing a sad realization.",
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"text": "Like they say about poker games, if you've been at the table 15 minutes and you haven't figured out who the mark is...",
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"text": "you're the mark .",
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"text": "So amateur speculating only works if you are so vain as to be unable to see the truth.",
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"text": "You are outclassed and outgunned.",
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"text": "I did speculate for a couple months.",
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"text": "I actually broke even, despite paying about $1000 to my broker (in other words, my broker got all my profits).",
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"text": "However, if I had put my money in an index fund at the time and let it sit, I would have been vastly ahead financially even based on the stock values nevermind the broker fees ... and more importantly, would have had about 120 more hours a month to do with as I pleased.",
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] | {
"question": "In The Intelligent Investor , page 36, Zwieg, who is writing the commentary, states \"those who invest make money for themselves. Those who speculate make money for their brokers.\" Why is it the case that brokers profit off speculators?",
"title": "What does Benjamin Graham mean by \"Those who speculate make money for their brokers\"?",
"forum": "money.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<broker><speculation>",
"link": "money.stackexchange.com/questions/125876",
"author": "money.stackexchange.com/users/98666/Franklin V"
} | 6_37 | [
[
"Brokers make money from traders. They often sell their trading history to traders.",
"Brokers make money from traders and investors. No-fee brokerages often make money by selling their trading history to other traders. If you're not paying for the product, you are the product. When you gamble on companies with less of a track record, unless you are really lucky, you're not likely to make much money, but the broker still gets their share. "
]
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"Brokers make money from traders and investors.",
"No-fee brokerages often make money by selling their trading history to other traders.",
"If you're not paying for the product, you are the product. ",
"When you gambling on companies with less of a track record, unless you are really lucky, you're not likely to make much money, but the broker still gets their share. ",
"S0: Aside from brokers making the money (when they do), the bigger problem is that you are an amateur, playing a largely zero-sum game against players who are professional, much larger than you, have vastly better research than you, better staffed, more experienced and with a better sense of timing . "
]
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[
{
"sents": [
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"text": "For card selection, I highly recommend the iDominion iPhone app .",
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"text": "Lets",
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"text": "you specify which sets to include, blacklist individual cards, require Reactions if there are Attacks, and even re-roll one card of the 10 if you just hate the Smithy.",
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"text": "There's also a \"lite\" free version.",
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"text": "I have all of my cards (Dominion, Intrigue, Seaside, and Alchemy) in two collectible-card-game \"long boxes\", sorted by set and by name.",
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"text": "(Mine are sleeved as well, but that's not required).",
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"text": "Use one of the many dividers on BoardGameGeek to assist in locating cards.",
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"text": "It's easy to have one person take each box and pull out the cards you need, and for others to chip in parceling out the gold, VPs and starting decks as they're pulled from the boxes.",
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"text": "You can divide up the work this way with the original boxes, but card boxes take up a LOT less table space and the ordering of cards in the original boxes can be highly confusing.",
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"text": "I find Dominion setup much faster than many (most?)",
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"text": "board games, but generally we have: One person who pulls out the gold and VPs and deals out the starting hands One person that chooses the kingdom types (there's an iPhone app that will make a random selection for you, which probably saves a lot of time)",
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"text": "One person that pulls out the types as they're read off the iPhone",
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"text": "It takes maybe three minutes and we're ready to go",
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{
"sents": [
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"text": "Fine the way it is?",
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"text": "I don't feel that Dominion's out-of-the-box card storage, setup, or clean-up need any improvement.",
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"text": "The box comes with clearly labeled and organized trays: cards are grouped by type (kingdom, victory point, etc.)",
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"text": "and then alphabetically.",
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"text": "I have basic and two expansion sets and keep everything in the original boxes.",
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"text": "It might be a little big if you were flying, but to go over to a friend's house via car",
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"text": "it's hardly cumbersome.",
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"text": "Plus, once the game's set up the boxes don't have to take up table space.",
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"text": "Put them on the ground or on another table or stack them on top of each other.",
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"text": "All the ideas for divide and conquer during setup and cleanup make perfect sense.",
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"text": "I assume that almost all play groups do this without even thinking about it.",
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"text": "Several answers have mentioned an iPhone app for selecting Kingdom cards.",
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"text": "This strikes me as a solution in search of a problem, and I'm curious why the app is so popular.",
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"text": "lilserf explains it's capabilities well, but why is an app easier than the randomizer cards designed expressly for this purpose?",
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"text": "What's easier than selecting 10 cards at random from a deck?",
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"text": "I can do that before the app even loads.",
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"text": "In fact, the old-school method is probably quicker because each card can be handed to someone as it's selected so the deck can be retrieved.",
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"text": "Natural division of labor.",
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"text": "If you like to play with cards from all the expansions then shuffle and store the randomizer decks together; otherwise, pick a few from each expansion set based on what kind of game you want.",
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"text": "If you pull a card that folks don't like (Smithy for example) just draw another.",
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"text": "If you all hate it, remove the card from your randomizer deck.",
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"text": "If you're playing with black market, the unselected randomizer cards are the black market deck.",
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"text": "As for tailoring to ensure games with attack cards also have reactions, that undermines some of the charm of the game: learning to adapt to any situation that comes up.",
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"text": "Prohibiting something a priori is doing your group a dis-service.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "boardgames.stackexchange.com/users/675/Adam Wuerl",
"score": 5
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"sents": [
{
"text": "Mine is similar to Michael Mrozek, but up until recently, we'd had 5-6 people on average playing, and we've had 8 show up before at once (we split into two games then).",
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"text": "We used to divide responsibilities like this: One person chooses the kingdom types (using an app)",
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"text": "One person has Dominion to pull out cards the first person names.",
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"text": "One person has Intrigue to pull out cards the first person names.",
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"text": "One person has Seaside to pull out cards the first person names.",
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"text": "If we have any more people, they pull out the treasure and victory cards.",
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"text": "If not, either the person who has Dominion or Intrigue does.",
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{
"text": "Now, two of our usual players left, leaving us with 3-5 at any given time.",
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"text": "Plus, we now have Prosperity.",
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"text": "We handle this by having the people pulling cards out of two sets instead of just one, alternating between the two pulling cards.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "We do a bit of houserulery and slowly change the game between each session.",
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"text": "At the end of a game each player will pick one kingdom to remove, and then we'll split the randomisers about equally and everyone picks a kingdom to replace the ones they've removed.",
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"text": "We wait to pick the replacements until everyone has selected the ones that are going away, and generally try and keep the various costs between 2-5 in play.",
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"text": "After a 3 player game whomever came in third gets to remove and replace 2 kingdoms.",
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"text": "In a two player, both player removes two.",
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},
{
"text": "This way there are four new cards each time.",
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] | {
"question": "When playing Dominion, how do you go about organizing all of the various cards and sets while maintaining a priority to getting games started quickly?",
"title": "What is the best way to keep everything organized and spend less time setting up?",
"forum": "boardgames.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<dominion>",
"link": "boardgames.stackexchange.com/questions/6",
"author": "boardgames.stackexchange.com/users/40/Pat Ludwig"
} | 6_38 | [
[
"You can use an iPhone app or group the cards by type.",
"For card selection, the iDominion iPhone app is recommended. Dominion's out-of-the-box card storage, setup, or clean-up don't need any improvement. The box comes with clearly labeled and organized trays and the cards are grouped by type."
]
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} | [
1
] | [
[
"For card selection, the iDominion iPhone app is recommended.",
"Dominion's out-of-the-box card storage, setup, or clean-up don't need any improvement. The box comes with clearly labeled and organized trays and the cards are grouped by type."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "Make sure EVERYONE knows that Italy is the weakest country, by reminding them of it constantly, both during the game and every time the subject of Diplomacy comes up in conversation generally.",
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"text": "Hopefully this will lull them into a false sense of security, so that you can actually get somewhere with your beleaguered green armies.",
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"text": "Certainly if anyone starts picking on you, you are entitled to complain loudly:",
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"text": "\"C'mon!",
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"text": "Everyone knows that Italy doesn't stand a chance of winning this game!",
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"text": "Stop hassling me!\"",
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"text": "Of course, this meta-strategy can easily backfire: if you become just too annoying and whiny, people may start attacking you just in the hope of shutting you up!",
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"text": "But generally I think it's perfectly reasonable, given the common knowledge that Italy is far from the strongest position in the game, to present yourself as an underdog and no real threat... until you've rallied your forces sufficiently to strike.",
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"text": "It's all part of the fun of the game!",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "boardgames.stackexchange.com/users/436/thesunneversets",
"score": 8
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"sents": [
{
"text": "The Diplomacy Archive has a large number of strategies for Italy and all the other countries .",
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"text": "It also has some articles by Allan B. Calhamer (the inventor of Diplomacy).",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "boardgames.stackexchange.com/users/73/Jon Hadley",
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"sents": [
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"text": "You absolutely need to have some dirt on Austria; it will be very difficult for Italy to do well in the face of a hostile Austria.",
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"text": "Even if you join a coalition against Austria early on, you'll find that most of the SCs wind up falling into Turkish hands, rather than yours, leaving you with little better in the way of options.",
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"author": "boardgames.stackexchange.com/users/71/GWLlosa",
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"sents": [
{
"text": "I'm a big fan of the Lepanto opening: Spring 1901:",
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"text": "Rom - Nap, Nap - IonFall 1901:",
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"text": "Nap - Ion - TunBuild F NapSpring 1902:",
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"text": "Ion - Eme, Nap - Ion Setting up a fall 1902 convoy into the heart of Turkey.",
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"text": "The main weakness is that this leaves your defenses entirely the responsibility of your northern army, and so requires that you use diplomacy to keep your neighbors from attacking you.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "boardgames.stackexchange.com/users/55/Simon Withers",
"score": 3
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"sents": [
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"text": "One winning strategy is to make an early alliance, preferably with Austria and then knock out Turkey and turn on France.",
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"text": "You'll probably have to backstab Austria at some point -",
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"text": "certainly, I've never got to 18 without Trieste - but",
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"text": "that's the usual backstab timing question.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "boardgames.stackexchange.com/users/49/Richard Gadsden",
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"sents": [
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"text": "Don't worry about \"backstabbing\" Austria.",
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"text": "Try to follow the real life World War",
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"text": "I strategy of making peace with France, and ally with Russia against Austria and Turkey.",
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"text": "If necessary, let Turkey in the initial alliance against Austria, then convince Russia to side with you against Turkey, who would otherwise be stronger than Russia.",
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"text": "Trieste is HUGE for Italy.",
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"text": "You will have a line of four connected supply centers (Naples, Rome, Venice, Trieste).",
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"text": "Five, if you say that Tunis is \"connected\" by sea with the others (I'd call it 4 1/2).",
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"text": "If France won't make peace and Austria will, ally with England and/or Germany against France.",
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"text": "Hopefully, you'll end up with Marseilles and Spain.",
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"text": "But they aren't connect to homeland supply bases like Trieste, Serbia, etc. would be.",
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"text": "The other problem is that while Russia is a natural ally with you against Turkey, she isn't against England.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "boardgames.stackexchange.com/users/1344/Tom Au",
"score": 3
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"sents": [
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"text": "I am a big proponent of playing as Italy.",
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"text": "Here's how I do it: no diplomacy for the first year!",
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"text": "A",
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"text": "Ven - Pied & A Rome - Ven! Attack Marseilles and Trieste!",
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{
"text": "(also grab Tunis)",
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"text": "If you get both SC's, try to ally with Eng/Germ/Russ.",
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"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "If you fail to get allies, promise to vacate one and focus on the other.",
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"text": "It is easier to ally with Austria than France in my opinion at this point, because it is harder for Austria to not care and attack you all out.",
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"text": "France can swing south and make it hurt.",
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"text": "Ideally, you want to get a Fleet in to the English Channel by 1904!",
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},
{
"text": "This way you own the EAST.",
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{
"text": "Do not ally with Turkey unless he becomes a land power, because his fleets are dangerous.",
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"cluster_id": [
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{
"text": "Good luck!",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "boardgames.stackexchange.com/users/11656/aaron",
"score": 1
}
}
] | {
"question": "Italy is almost the worst country to start with. But that makes it a nice challenge. What is your winning strategy with Italy?",
"title": "What is a winning strategy for Italy with Diplomacy",
"forum": "boardgames.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<diplomacy>",
"link": "boardgames.stackexchange.com/questions/11",
"author": "boardgames.stackexchange.com/users/45/Toon Krijthe"
} | 6_39 | [
[
"Let Turkey be in the initial alliance with Austria, then convince Russia to side with you against Turkey. Do not ally with Turkey.",
"The Diplomacy Archive has a large number of strategies for Italy and all the other countries. One suggestion is to play as Italy. It might be easier to ally with Austria than France, because it is harder for Austria to attack you all out. You could let Turkey in the initial alliance against Austria, then convince Russia to side with you against Turkey. Do not ally with Turkey unless it becomes a land power, because its fleets are dangerous."
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"The Diplomacy Archive has a large number of strategies for Italy and all the other countries . ",
"If necessary, let Turkey in the initial alliance against Austria, then convince Russia to side with you against Turkey.",
" I am a big proponent of playing as Italy.",
" It is easier to ally with Austria than France in my opinion at this point, because it is harder for Austria to attack you all out. ",
"Do not ally with Turkey unless it becomes a land power, because its fleets are dangerous."
]
] |
[
{
"sents": [
{
"text": "For me the big strategy for seafarers is to realize that most of the time the islands are not worth it.",
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"text": "If it is very convenient to go for an island then do it, but usually I find that the resources I expend could have been better used elsewhere.",
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"text": "(Though if everyone is following this strategy, then the islands are great because of the free space.",
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"text": "Basically you want everyone else to go for the islands but you.)",
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"author": "boardgames.stackexchange.com/users/56/Vaccano",
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"sents": [
{
"text": "When placing 1st or 2nd in the basic game, I always look at the board and determine which of the two basic strategies (ore/hay & wood/brick) works best.",
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"text": "If I place 3rd or 4th, and my opponents know what they are doing, I often have to use the opposite strategy (or one of the others i.e. balanced/monopoly/etc).",
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"text": "Seafarers adds wood/sheep as a third equally viable strategy.",
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"text": "I enjoy this since it gives you more options when placing 3rd or 4th.",
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"text": "Since both wood/sheep are needed for boats, players with higher probability wood/sheep hexes will be more able to explore.",
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{
"text": "Don't under value",
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"text": "the 2 bonus points for building on an island.",
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"text": "Unlike longest road and largest army, you can't lose these points.",
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"text": "One key difference to the wood/sheep strategy in seafarers is that it is a two-part strategy.",
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"text": "Building towards a high-probability outer island hex allows you to make-up for a lack of that resource on the main island.",
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"text": "In this way, you almost shift strategies mid-game.",
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"text": "My first choice is to build towards a good Gold hex.",
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"text": "You can do anything with it.",
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"text": "My second choice is to build towards a good hay or ore hex.",
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"text": "Both allow you upgrade your cities and free up settlement tokens for further expansion.",
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"text": "Good access to sheep/hay/ore also allows you to hoard development cards and go for largest army & victory point cards.",
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"text": "(If you are using the wood/sheep strategy, I assume you already have good access to wool.)",
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"text": "If I don't have good access to brick on the mainland, building towards brick helps to build settlements without having to trade-in, and also to go for longest road.",
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"text": "To me, the big benefit of playing Seafarers is the diversity of maps, and the ability to play random maps.",
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"text": "I find the default random map is a little sparse on land, but this only makes you think harder on where you want to build.",
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"text": "These new maps open up new strategies, and change the dynamic of land settlement from being contained on a single land mass.",
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"text": "Depending on the map and the starting positions, you could want to focus on boats or completely ignore them.",
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"text": "As said above, you might want to strike out visit new land in order to get more victory points.",
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"text": "Depending on what scenario your playing, and what the map looks like, changes how you play.",
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"text": "Seafarers games take longer, but if your playing random maps, it makes each new game different.",
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"text": "There is also the discovery map, where you never know what tile your uncover next.",
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"sents": [
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"text": "You need sheeps and wood to build a ship, so sheep are slightly more important.",
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"text": "Second, most games give extra victory points for the first settlement on a new island.",
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"text": "This can be nice, but realise that you will have at least two settlements on a coast, reducing the number of goods for them.",
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"text": "In my experience, small islands are usually not worth going for in the beginning of the game because the amount of territory you get access to is not worth the resource requirements.",
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"text": "Obviously, the larger the island, the closer it is to your starting position, and the more dots worth of production, then the more worth while it is to go for.",
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"text": "However, even if you don't settle any islands for the first 80% of your game, there are two big strategy changes: 1)",
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"text": "Ships can be moved (1 per turn).",
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"text": "Building many ships can be a strategic choice that offers many tactical advantages during the game:",
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"text": "It is possible to build an additional settlement without needing to first builda road or ship, by relocating a ship.",
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"text": "In basic Settlers it can be very risky to go for a settlement site whenthere's competition, as you may end up with 2 or more stranded anduseless road links.",
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"text": "Now if you compete with ships to a coastal site,you can relocate them if you lose a race.",
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{
"text": "You can do tricky things with getting longest road.",
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"text": "In scenarios where resources are earned for island exploration, youcan move your ships around to keep getting more resources, thenrelocate them to their final destination later.",
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"text": "With ships opening up so many more opportunities, wood and sheep are more valuable in Seafarers than in Settlers.",
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"text": "2)",
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"text": "The bonus victory point(s) offered in many scenarios for building your first island settlement makes for an interesting end game strategy not available in basic settlers.",
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"text": "As discussed in What is optimal end play in Settlers? , it can be hard to win Settlers by increasing one victory point at a time, as players gang up to slow the leader.",
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"text": "In Seafarers, islands make it possible to catapult to victory with a 4-6 victory point turn.",
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"text": "You do this by waiting to settle your first island on the turn",
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"text": "you think you can win because you have the right combination of resource and development cards, as follows: play a key development card (Monopoly?",
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"text": "Year of Plenty?",
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"text": "RoadBuilding?)",
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"text": "move a ship build more ships/roads until you have longest road (2 victory points)",
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"text": "build a settlement on the island (2-3 victory points)",
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"text": "add in your developments cards that are victory points (0 or morepoints)",
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"text": "Building your first settlement on an island counts for 1 victory point for the settlement, and 1-2 bonus points depending on the scenario and the edition of Settlers of Catan edition you're using.",
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"text": "Older editions have a 1 victory point bonus, while the newest edition usually offers a 2 victory point bonus.",
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"text": "About gold: In most games I've played, islands with gold usually take a lot of resources to reach and then attract the robber disproportionately.",
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"text": "So going for gold is rarely a winning strategy.",
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"answer_details": {
"author": "boardgames.stackexchange.com/users/2260/Joe Golton",
"score": 4
}
}
] | {
"question": "Just starting out with Seafarers of Catan—what are the key strategy differences between Settlers of Catan and Seafarers?",
"title": "What are the key strategy differences between Settlers of Catan and Seafarers?",
"forum": "boardgames.stackexchange.com",
"question_tags": "<catan><catan-seafarers>",
"link": "boardgames.stackexchange.com/questions/15",
"author": "boardgames.stackexchange.com/users/52/wdypdx22"
} | 6_40 | [
[
"The big strategy is to realise the islands are not worth it. The big benefit of this game is the diversity of maps, that makes each new game different. ",
"A good strategy for seafarers is to realize that most of the time the islands are not worth it, but they also make it possible to catapult to victory with a 4-6 victory point turn. One important benefit of playing Seafarers is the diversity of maps, and the ability to play random maps. Seafarers games take longer, but if you are playing random maps, each new game will be different. In Seafarers, one key difference to the wood/sheep strategy is that it is a two-part strategy. It can be hard to win Settlers by increasing one victory point at a time, as players gang up to slow down the leader."
]
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[
"A big strategy for seafarers is to realize that most of the time the islands are not worth it, but they also make it possible to catapult to victory with a 4-6 victory point turn. One important benefit of playing Seafarers is the diversity of maps, and the ability to play random maps. Seafarers games take longer, but if you are playing random maps, each new game will be different. ",
"In Seafarers, one key difference to the wood/sheep strategy is that it is a two-part strategy. ",
"It can be hard to win Settlers by increasing one victory point at a time, as players gang up to slow down the leader."
]
] |